AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Histometric data obtained by in vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy in patients with systemic sclerosis

Background
          It would be a benefit if time-saving, non-invasive methods could give hints for diagnosing systemic sclerosis. To investigate the skin of patients with systemic sclerosis using confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo and to develop histometric parameters to describe characteristic cutaneous changes of systemic sclerosis observed by this new technique, we conducted an exploratory study.
        
        
          Materials and Methods
          Fifteen patients with systemic sclerosis treated with extracorporal photopheresis were compared with 15 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with other disorders also treated with extracorporal photopheresis. All subjects were investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo.
        
        
          Results
          Micromorphologic characteristics of skin of patients with systemic sclerosis and measuring parameters for melanisation, epidermal hypotrophy, and fibrosis for dislocation of capillaries by collagen deposits in the papillary dermis were evaluated. An interesting finding was an increased thickness of the tissue in the dermal papillae superior to the first dermal papilla vessel. It was also possible to reproduce characteristic histologic features by confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo. Histometric parameters for fibrosis and vascular features developed in this study showed significant differences in patients with systemic sclerosis compared to controls.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Although the predominant histopathological features in systemic sclerosis are findings of the reticular dermis and the subcutis, and in histopathological investigation the epidermis seems to remain unaffected by the disease, we have demonstrate some characteristic differences in the epidermis and papillary dermis by confocal laser scanning microscopy in vivo. Some of them have not been described so far. However, to use this technique as a tool for diagnosis and/or staging of systemic sclerosis, further studies are needed investigating the sensitivity and specificity of the histometric parameters developed in this study.

Tags: confocal-microscopy, extracorporeal-photopheresis, histometric-analysis, nih, systemic-sclerosis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A Comparison of Variance Estimation Methods for Regression Analyses with the Mental Health Surveillance Study Clinical Sample

The purpose of this report is to compare alternative methods for producing measures of SEs for regression models for the MHSS clinical sample with the goal of producing more accurate and potentially smaller SEs.

Tags: mental-health-surveillance, regression-analysis, samhsa, standard-errors, variance-estimation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Boston: Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2004-2011 - Underage Drinking

Excel file with estimates, rates, relative standard errors, trends and confidence intervals for all drug-related emergency department (ED) visits involving underage drinking in the Boston metropolitan area, covering 2004-2011.  Underage drinking includes ED visits that involve alcohol use (alone or with other drugs) for patients under the age of 21.

Tags: alcohol-related, boston-metro, ed-visits, samhsa, underage-drinking
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The effect of GABA receptor ligands in experimental spina bifida occulta

Background
          The pathophysiology behind spina bifida and other neural tube defects (NTDs) is unclear. Folic acid is one variable, but other factors remain. Studies suggest that substances active at the GABA receptor may produce NTDs. To test this hypothesis pregnant rats were exposed to either the GABA a agonist muscimol (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg), the GABA a antagonist bicuculline (.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg), the GABA b agonist baclofen (15, 30, 60 mg/kg), or the GABA b antagonist hydroxysaclofen (1, 3, or 5 mg/kg) during neural tube formation. Normal saline was used as a control and valproic acid (600 mg/kg) as a positive control. The embryos were analyzed for the presence of a spina bifida like NTD.
        
        
          Results
          After drug administration the pregnancies were allowed to proceed to the 21st day of gestation. Then embryos were removed and skeletons staining and cleared. Vertebral arch closure was measured. Results indicate that the GABAa receptor agonist muscimol, the GABAa receptor antagonist bicuculline, and the GABAb agonist baclofen produced NTDs characterized by widening of the vertebral arch. Oppositely the GABAb antagonist hydroxysaclofen produced narrowing of the vertebral arches.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The findings indicate that GABA a or b ligands are capable of altering neural formation. GABA may play a greater than appreciated role in neural tube formation and may be important in NTDs. The narrowing of the vertebral arch produced by the GABA b antagonist hydroxysalcofen suggests that GABA b receptor may play an undefined role in neural tube closure that differs from the GABA a receptor.

Tags: gaba-receptors, neural-tube-defects, nih, spina-bifida, teratogenesis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Synovial stromal cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients attract monocytes by producing MCP-1 and IL-8

Macrophages that accumulate in the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis patients play an important role in the pathogenesis of this inflammatory disease. However, the mechanism by which macrophages are attracted into the inflamed synovium and accumulate there has not been completely delineated. The results of this study show that rheumatoid arthritis synovial stromal cells produce the chemokines monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and IL-8, and these have the capacity to attract peripheral monocytes. These results suggest that one of the mechanisms by which macrophages accumulate in the inflamed synovium is by responding to the chemokines produced locally.

Tags: mcp-1, monocyte-chemotaxis, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, synovial-stromal-cells
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Wisconsin (WI)

This report presents estimates for measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided for Wisconsin for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use, wisconsin
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
PISA. The effect of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and ibuprofen on body temperature in acute stroke: Protocol for a phase II double-blind randomised placebo-controlled trial [ISRCTN98608690]

Background
          During the first days after stroke, one to two fifths of the patients develop fever or subfebrile temperatures. Body temperature is a strong prognostic factor after stroke. Pharmacological reduction of temperature in patients with acute ischaemic stroke may improve their functional outcome. Previously, we studied the effect of high dose (6 g daily) and low dose (3 g daily) paracetamol (acetaminophen) in a randomised placebo-controlled trial of 75 patients with acute ischemic stroke. In the high-dose paracetamol group, mean body temperature at 12 and 24 hours after start of treatment was 0.4°C lower than in the placebo group. The effect of ibuprofen, another potent antipyretic drug, on body-core temperature in normothermic patients has not been studied.
        
        
          Aim
          The aim of the present trial is to study the effects of high-dose paracetamol and ibuprofen on body temperature in patients with acute ischaemic stroke, and to study the safety of these treatments.
        
        
          Design
          Seventy-five (3 × 25) patients with acute ischaemic stroke confined to the anterior circulation will be randomised to treatment with either: 400 mg ibuprofen, 1000 mg acetaminophen, or with placebo 6 times daily during 5 days. Body-temperatures will be measured with a rectal electronic thermometer at the start of treatment and after 24 hours. An infrared tympanic thermometer will be used to monitor body temperature at 2-hour intervals during the first 24 hours and at 12-hour intervals thereafter. The primary outcome measure will be rectal temperature at 24 hours after the start of treatment. The study results will be analysed on an intent-to-treat basis, but an on-treatment analysis will also be performed. No formal interim analysis will be carried out.

Tags: body-temperature, clinical-trial, ischemic-stroke, nih, paracetamol-ibuprofen
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Prediction of co-regulated genes in

Background
          Identification of co-regulated genes is essential for elucidating transcriptional regulatory networks and the function of uncharacterized genes. Although co-regulated genes should have at least one common sequence element, it is generally difficult to identify these genes from the presence of this element because it is very easily obscured by noise. To overcome this problem, we used conserved information from three closely related species: Bacillus subtilis, B. halodurans and B. stearothermophilus.
        
        
          Results
          Even though such species have a limited number of clearly orthologous genes, we obtained 1,884 phylogenetically conserved elements from the upstream intergenic regions of 1,568 B. subtilis genes. Similarity between these elements was used to cluster these genes. No other a priori knowledge on genes and elements was used. We could identify some genes known or suggested to be regulated by a common transcription factor as well as genes regulated by a common attenuation effector.
        
        
          Conclusions
          We confirmed that our method generates relatively few false positives in clusters with higher scores and that general elements such as -35/-10 boxes and Shine-Dalgarno sequence are not major obstacles. Moreover, we identified some plausible additional members of groups of known co-regulated genes. Thus, our approach is promising for exploring potentially co-regulated genes.

Tags: bacillus-subtilis, co-regulated-genes, gene-regulation, nih, phylogenetic-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Research Article: BMC Pharmacology

Background
          Evidence suggests that both the migration and activation of neutrophils into the airway is of importance in pathological conditions such as pulmonary emphysema. In the present study, we describe in vivo models of lung neutrophil infiltration and activation in mice and hamsters.
        
        
          Results
          BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were intranasally treated with lipopolysaccharide (0.3 mg/kg). Twenty-four hours after, animals were treated intranasally with N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (0 to 5 mg/kg). Golden Syrian hamsters were treated intratracheally with 0.5 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide. Twenty-four hours after, animals were treated intratracheally with 0.25 mg/kg of N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe. Both mice and hamster were sacrificed two hours after the N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe application. In both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice, a neutrophil infiltration was observed after the sequential application of lipopolysaccharide and N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe. However, 5 times less neutrophil was found in C57BL/6 mice when compared to BALB/c mice. This was reflected in the neutrophil activation parameters measured (myeloperoxidase and elastase activities). Despite the presence of neutrophil and their activation status, no lung haemorrhage could be detected in both strains of mice. When compared with mice, the lung inflammation induced by the sequential application of lipopolysaccharide and N-Formyl-Met-Leu-Phe was much greater in the hamster. In parallel with this lung inflammation, a significant lung haemorrhage was also observed.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Both mouse and hamster can be used for pharmacological studies of new drugs or other therapeutics agents that aimed to interfere with neutrophil activation. However, only the hamster model seems to be suitable for studying the haemorrhagic lung injury process.

Tags: lipopolysaccharide, n-formyl-met-leu-phe, neutrophil-infiltration, nih, pulmonary-emphysema
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Aged garlic extract therapy for sickle cell anemia patients

Background
          Sickle cell anemia is one of the most prevalent hereditary disorders with prominent morbidity and mortality. With this disorder oxidative, phenomena play a significant role in its pathophysiology. One of the garlic (Allium sativum L.) formulations, aged garlic extract (AGE), has been reported to exert an anti-oxidant effect in vitro, we have evaluated the anti-oxidant effect of AGE on sickle red blood cells (RBC).
        
        
          Methods
          Five patients (two men and three women, mean age 40 ± 15 years, range 24–58 years) with sickle cell anemia participated in the study. AGE was administered at a dose of 5 ml a day. Whole blood samples were obtained at baseline and at 4 weeks for primarily Heinz body analysis.
        
        
          Results
          The data were consistent with our hypothesis. In all patients, the number of Heinz bodies decreased over the 4 week period (58.9 ± 20.0% at baseline to 29.8 ± 15.3% at follow-up, p = 0.03).
        
        
          Conclusions
          These data suggest that there is a significant anti-oxidant activity of AGE on sickle RBC. AGE may be further evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent to ameliorate complications of sickle cell anemia.

Tags: aged-garlic-extract, antioxidant-therapy, heinz-body-count, nih, sickle-cell-anemia
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Publications Using SAMHSA Data2015 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Republic of Palau

2015 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Republic of Palau. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, palau, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
National Head Start/Public School Early Childhood Transition Demonstration Study, 1991-1999

The National Transition Demonstration Study was conducted to provide information about the implementation of this program and its impact on children, families, schools, and communities. The study design involved random assignment of schools to a Transition Demonstration group, which received additional supports and staff funded by this project, or to a Comparison group. A total of 7,515 former Head Start children and families were enrolled in the National Study in 1992/93 and 1993/94. Thousands of other children and families, however, participated in the Transition Demonstration Program, since supports and educational enhancements were offered to all children and families in the classrooms.

<b>Units of Response: </b>Children and Families, Head Start Programs

<b>Type of Data: </b>Evaluation

<b>Tribal Data: </b>Yes

<b>COVID-19 Data: </b>No

<b>Periodicity: </b>One-time

<b>SORN: </b>https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2015/04/02/2015-07440/privacy-act-of-1974-system-of-records-notice

<b>Data Use Agreement: </b>https://www.icpsr.umich.edu/rpxlogin

<b>Data Use Agreement Location: </b>https://www.childandfamilydataarchive.org/cfda/archives/cfda/studies/4712/datadocumentation

<b>Equity Indicators: </b>Gender Identity;Household Income;Household Size

<b>Granularity: </b>Household;Individual;Program

<b>Spatial: </b>United States

<b>Geocoding: </b>City;State

Tags: children-and-families, head-start
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Publications Using SAMHSA DataDrug Abuse Warning Network, 2010: Area Profiles of Drug-related Mortality

The findings in this publication reflect data on drug-related deaths that occurred during calendar year 2010 and were reported by participating medical examiners/coroners (ME/Cs) to DAWN.  Data are not nationally representative but cover metropolitan areas in 37 states, with complete data for 13 states. Counts of drug-related deaths for (1) drug-related deaths (non-suicide), and (2) drug-related suicide deaths. Tables include counts for major drugs/drug categories with comparisons to 2009, manner of death, rates by sex and age, top 5 drugs and place of death.

Tags: dawn-data, drug-overdose-deaths, drug-related-mortality, mortality-profiles, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013 NSDUH Instrumentation Protocol Changes

The 2013 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) instrumentation protocols underwent several modifications from the protocols employed for the 2012 NSDUH. A summary of the changes for the 2013 NSDUH can be divided into three topics: (1) the computer-assisted interviewing (CAI) screening instrument, (2) the CAI questionnaire, and (3) the interviewer materials.

Tags: instrumentation-changes, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, survey-methodology
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Hawaii

These are the 2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Hawaii. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, hawaii, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528355: (1Z)-1-(4-Pyridinyl)ethanone N-cyclohexylthiosemicarbazone

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2-decanoyloxybutyl decanoate. Molecular Formula: C24H46O4. Molecular Weight: 398.6. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Mechanical ventilation in rural ICUs

Background:
          In recent years, rural hospitals have expanded their scope of
				specialized services, which has led to the development and staffing of rural
				intensive care units (ICUs). There is little information about the breadth,
				quality or outcomes of these services. This is particularly true for
				specialized ICU services such as mechanical ventilation, where little, if any,
				information exists specifically for rural hospitals. The long-term objectives
				of this project were to evaluate the quality of medical care provided to
				mechanically ventilated patients in rural ICUs and to improve patient care
				through an educational intervention. This paper reports baseline data on
				patient and hospital characteristics for both rural and rural referral
				hospitals.
        
        
          Results:
          Twenty Iowa hospitals were evaluated. Data collected on 224
				patients demonstrated a mean age of 70 years and a mean ICU admission Acute
				Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score of 22, with an
				associated 36% mortality. Mean length of ICU stay was 10 days, with 7.7
				ventilated days. Significant differences were found in both institutional and
				patient variables between rural referral hospitals and rural hospitals with
				more limited resources. A subgroup of patients with diagnoses associated with
				complex ventilation had higher mortality rates than patients without these
				conditions. Patients who developed nosocomial events had longer mean ventilator
				and ICU days than patients without nosocomial events. This study also found ICU
				practices that frequently fell outside the guidelines recommended by a task
				force describing minimum standards of care for critically ill patients with
				acute respiratory failure on mechanical ventilation.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          Despite distinct differences in the available resources between
				rural referral and rural hospitals, overall mortality rates of ventilated
				patients are similar. Considering the higher mortality rates observed in
				patients with complicated medical conditions requiring complex ventilation
				management, the data may suggest that this subgroup could benefit from
				treatment at a tertiary center with greater resources and technology.

Tags: hospital-outcomes, mechanical-ventilation, nih, respiratory-failure, rural-icu
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2008 NSDUH Detailed Tables

The 2008 national detailed tables for the NSDUH.  The table sections are:Highlights1. Introduction2. Illicit Drug Use3. Alcohol Use4. Tobacco Use5. Initiation of Substance Use6. Youth Prevention-Related Measures7. Substance Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment8. Mental Health9. Discussion of Trends in Substance Use among Youths and Young Adults

Tags: alcohol-tobacco, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Breaching the kinetic barrier to

Abstract
          Here we have reviewed the conventional definitions and fundamental
characteristics of the two basic types of stem cells, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and somatic stem cells (SSCs). By taking into account the often-overlooked asymmetric cell kinetics of SSCs, we consider the evidence that should SSCs retain these growth kinetics in vitro, a natural kinetic barrier to SSC propagation exists. Recent discoveries showing that the tumor suppressor gene
p53 can act as a regulator of asymmetric cell kinetics provide a
target pathway for in vitro SSC propagation strategies.

Tags: cell-kinetics, cell-propagation, nih, stem-cells, tumor-suppressor-p53
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527365: 18,22-Dimethyl-hentriacontyl cyanide

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 19,23-dimethyldotriacontanenitrile. Molecular Formula: C34H67N. Molecular Weight: 489.9. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services