AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Color-Encoded Image of 3-m Gridded Hill-Shaded Bathymetry From Long Island Sound off Branford Connecticut (H11043_UTM18_3MBATHY.TIF, UTM)

The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, has produced detailed geologic maps of the sea floor in Long Island Sound, a major East Coast estuary surrounded by the most densely populated region of the United States.  These studies have built upon cooperative research with the State of Connecticut that was initiated in 1982.  The current phase of this research program is directed toward studies of sea-floor sediment distribution, processes that control sediment distribution, nearshore environmental concerns, and the relation of benthic community structures to the sea-floor geology.
Anthropogenic wastes, toxic chemicals, and changes in land-use patterns resulting from residential, commercial, and recreational development have stressed the environment of the Sound, causing degradation and potential loss of benthic habitats (Koppelman and others, 1976; Long Island Sound Study, 1994). Detailed maps of the sea floor are needed to help evaluate the extent of adverse impacts and to help manage resources wisely in the future.  Therefore, in a continuing effort to better understand Long Island Sound, we have regridded and interpolated this NOAA bathymetric survey into a complete-coverage acoustic image of the sea floor.  The image presented herein covers a 41.1 km square area of the sea floor in north-central Long Island Sound off Branford, Connecticut and was produced from data collected during NOAA survey H11043.
This imagery may serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities.  This bathymetry may also serve as a base map for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretation of point measurements.

Tags: arcview, atlantic-ocean, bathymetry, branford, branford-reef, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, computational-methods, connecticut, geographic, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, geotiff, gridded, image, imagerybasemapsearthcover, long-island-sound, marine-geophysics, multibeam-sonar, national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration, noaa, noaa-ship-rude, north-america, oceans, pseudo-color-image, sea-floor-characteristics, survey-h11043, townshend-ledge, u-s-east-coast, u-s-geological-survey, united-states, universal-transverse-mercator, usgs, usgs-d20094c2-20eb-4459-9648-3685fd8fd272, whsc, woods-hole-science-center
Organization: Department of the Interior
Acoustic backscatter intensity from multibeam echosounder data collected offshore of Point Buchon, California

This part of USGS Data Series 781 (Golden, 2019) presents 2-m-resolution acoustic backscatter data for the Offshore of Point Buchon, California, map area. Backscatter data were collected by Fugro Pelagos in 2008 using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125, 240-kHz Reson 8101, and 100-kHz Reson 8111 multibeam echosounder systems. The data were post-processed by the California State University Monterey Bay Seafloor Mapping Lab and the University of California Santa Cruz Center for Integrated Spatial Research. The acoustic backscatter data are available as a georeferenced TIFF image. Within the final imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones).

Tags: cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, diablo-canyon, field-observation, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, image-mosaics, marine-geophysics, multibeam-sonar, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pcmsc, point-buchon, san-luis-obispo-county, sea-floor-acoustic-reflectivity, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, state-of-california, substrate, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-d1ecf6f7-3588-4706-84fa-cead070ea912
Organization: Department of the Interior
BS_Q09.TIF - Bering Sea U.S. EEZ GLORIA sidescan-sonar data mosaic (9 of 30) (LCC, 50 m, Clarke1866)

In 1984, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Office of Marine Geology, launched a program using the Geological LOng-Range Inclined Asdic (GLORIA) sidescan-sonar system to study the entire U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). From 1986 through 1989, the USGS and IOS (Institute of Oceanographic Sciences, U.K.) scientists conducted several surveys within the U.S. EEZ off Alaska. Four surveys during that time period (1986-1987) focused on the Bering Sea region. The results of these surveys were 30 digital mosaics of a 3 degree by 2 degree area with a 50-meter pixel resolution.

Tags: acoustic-receivers, acoustic-reflectivity, agattu-island, alaska, aleutian-basin, aleutian-islands-ecoregion, aleutian-ridge, attu-island, backscatter, bering-canyon, bering-channel, bering-fan, bering-sea, beringian-margin, bowers-ridge, buldir-island, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, continental-island-rise, continental-island-slope, distributions, eez, exclusive-economic-zone, exclusive-economic-zone-eez, geological-long-range-inclined-asdic, geoscientificinformation, geotiff-image, gloria, gloria-gt-geological-long-range-inclined-asdic, grey-scale-image, image-mosaics, imagerybasemapsearthcover, infobank-identifier-f-1-87-bs, infobank-identifier-f-2-86-bs, infobank-identifier-f-3-86-bs, infobank-identifier-f-4-86-bs, little-sitkin-island, marine-basin-floor, marine-geology, marine-geophysics, marine-oceanic, ocean-gt-pacific-ocean, ocean-gt-pacific-ocean-gt-north-pacific-ocean, ocean-gt-pacific-ocean-gt-north-pacific-ocean-gt-bering-sea, oceans, oceans-gt-ocean-acoustics-gt-acoustic-reflectivity, physical-habitats-and-geomorphology, pribilof-canyon, sea-floor-acoustic-reflectivity, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, semisopochnoi-island, shemya-island, side-scan-sonar, sidescan-sonar, sidescan-sonar-mosaic, u-s-geological-survey, umnak-plateau, usgs, usgs-d3798151-d7d0-48d4-8230-fb558c249779, wcmg, western-coastal-and-marine-geology, zhemchug-canyon
Organization: Department of the Interior
Nutrient generation at dairies and feedlots in the United States Pacific Northwest for 2002 summarized for NHDPlus v2 catchments

This spatial data set was created by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to represent the amount of nitrogen and 
phosphorus generated by cattle at dairies and feedlots in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States 
(Hydro Region 17; Major River Basin 7 (MRB7)) during 2002 within each incremental watershed delineated 
in the NHDPlus v2 dataset.

Tags: confined-cattle, idaho, inlandwaters, major-river-basins, montana, nawqa, nitrogen, oregon, pacific-northwest, phosphorus, pnw, point-sources, sparrow, usgs-d1db4b0c-7f1a-49c3-9dd2-3352044391e5, washington
Organization: Department of the Interior
Airborne geophysical survey: Clear Lake '85, California.

Aeromagnetic data were collected along flight lines by instruments in an
aircraft that recorded magnetic-field values and locations.  This dataset
presents latitude, longitude, altitude, and magnetic-field values.

Tags: aeromagnetic-data, aeromagnetic-surveying, airborne-surveys, ca, california, clear-lake, f06011-colusa, f06033-lake, f06045-mendocino, field-monitoring-stations, geophysical-surveys, geophysics, geospatial-datasets, magnetic, magnetic-field-earth, magnetic-surveys, residual-magnetic-field, total-field, united-states, usgs-d1d9bb94-39e5-4d24-8d47-496cd2002df1
Organization: Department of the Interior
2 meter ArcRaster grid of the Swath Bathymetry of Apalachicola Bay, Florida (APBAY2MBATH)

These data were collected under a cooperative mapping program between the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Coastal Services Center (NOAA\CSC), and the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve (NERR). The primary objectives of this program were to collect marine geophysical data to develop a suite of seafloor maps to better define the extent of oyster habitats, the overall seafloor geology of the bay and provide updated information for management of this resource. In addition to their value for management of the bay's oyster resources, the maps also provide a geologic framework for scientific research and the public
High-resolution bathymetry, backscatter intensity, and seismic profile data were collected over 230 square kilometers of the floor of the bay. The study focused on the Apalachicola Bay and Western St. George Sound portions of the estuary mostly in depths &gt; 2.0 meters.

Tags: 2005, 2006, apalachicola-bay, apalachicola-national-estuarine-research-reserve, arcgis-raster, bathymetry, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, elevation, field-activity-serial-number-05001, field-activity-serial-number-06001, florida, geologic-mapping, geospatial-datasets, gulf-of-mexico, interferometric-sonar, marine-geology, marine-geophysics, oceans, sea-floor, sea-floor-characteristics, seafloor, seafloor-mapping, swath-bathymetry, u-s-geological-survey, united-states, usgs, usgs-d1c44f0f-765e-4417-ad78-7be16297febb, whsc, woods-hole-science-center
Organization: Department of the Interior
Probability of nitrate contamination of recently recharged ground waters in the conterminous United States

This data set is a national map of predicted probability of
nitrate contamination of shallow ground waters based on a
logistic regression (LR) model.  The LR model was used to
predict the probability of nitrate contamination exceeding 4
mg/L in predominantly shallow, recently recharged ground waters
of the United States.
		
The model contains variables representing (1) nitrogen (N)
fertilizer loading, (2) percent cropland-pasture, (3) natural
log of human population density, (4) percent well-drained soils,
(5) depth to the seasonally high water table, and (6) presence
or absence of unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers.  Observed
and average predicted probabilities associated with deciles of
risk are well correlated (r2 = 0.875), indicating that the LR
model fits the data well.  The likelihood of nitrate
contamination is greater in areas with high N loading and
well-drained surficial soils over unconsolidated sand and
gravels.  The LR model correctly predicted the status of nitrate
contamination in 75 percent of wells in a validation data set
from the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program.
Considering all wells used in both calibration and validation,
observed median nitrate concentration increased from 0.24 to
8.30 mg/L as the mapped probability of nitrate exceeding 4 mg/L
increased from less than or equal to 0.17 to greater than 0.83.

Tags: environment, geoscientificinformation, ground-water, ground-water-contamination, ground-water-pollution, ground-water-susceptibility, inlandwaters, national-water-quality-assessment-program, nawqa, nitrate, nutrients, usgs-d1c19241-8e46-40ee-a0b1-1ab3fc0c7bf3
Organization: Department of the Interior
Post-Hurricane Matthew coastal oblique aerial photographs collected from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, October 13–15, 2016

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducts baseline and storm-response photography missions to document and understand the changes in the vulnerability of the Nation's coasts to extreme storms. On October 13–15, 2016, the USGS conducted an oblique aerial photographic survey from Port St. Lucie, Florida, to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, aboard a Cessna 182 aircraft at an altitude of 500 feet (ft) and approximately 1,200 ft offshore. This mission was conducted to collect data for assessing incremental changes in the beach and nearshore area. The photographs provided are Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) images. The photograph locations are an estimate of the aircraft's position and do not indicate the location of the features seen in the image. These photographs document the configuration of the barrier islands and other coastal features at the time of the survey. ExifTool (version 4.0) was used to add the following to the header of each photograph: time of collection, GPS latitude, GPS longitude, keywords, credit, artist (photographer), caption, copyright, and contact information. Photographs can be opened with any JPEG-compatible image viewer by clicking on a thumbnail on the contact sheet. All image times are recorded in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

Tags: beach-erosion, cape-canaveral, cape-fear, cape-hatteras, cape-lookout, coastal-aerial-photography, coastal-processes, coastline, environment, erosion, florida, geomorphology, georgia, hurricane, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, kennedy-space-center, marine-geology, matanzas-inlet, national-assessment-for-coastal-change-hazards, north-carolina, oceans, october-2016, photographs, photography, post-hurricane-matthew, south-carolina, structure, u-s-geological-survey, usgs-d1b3f1cd-a5b7-43dd-abef-7dbc1ed3a422
Organization: Department of the Interior
Aerial Imagery of the North Carolina Coast: 2021-04-30

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Remote Sensing Coastal Change (RSCC) project collects aerial imagery along coastal swaths with optimized endlap/sidelap and precise position information to create high-resolution orthomosaics, three-dimensional (3D) point clouds, and digital elevation/surface models (DEMs/DSMs) using Structure-from-Motion (SfM) photogrammetry methods. These products are valuable for measuring topographic and landscape change, and for understanding coastal vulnerability and response to disturbance events.
A nadir (vertical) aerial imagery survey was conducted from Cape Lookout to Corolla, North Carolina on April 30th, 2021, to document the state of the coast just prior to the start of the 2021 Atlantic hurricane season. The observations along the coastline cover an approximately 260-kilometer-long by 300 to 700-meter-wide swath of coastline and encompass both highly developed towns as well as natural undeveloped areas, including the federal lands of Cape Lookout National Seashore and Cape Hatteras National Seashore.
Low altitude (300 meters above ground level) digital aerial imagery were acquired with a manned, fixed-wing aircraft using the "Precision Airborne Camera (PAC)" System (version 2). The PAC system is operated by C.W. Wright and consists of a mounted fixed-lens digital camera, along with a custom integrated survey-grade Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver. Data were collected in shore-parallel lines, flying at approximately 50 meters per second (m/s) and capturing true color imagery at 1 hertz (Hz), resulting in image footprints with approximately 75-80% endlap, 60-70% sidelap, and a 5.3-centimeter (cm) ground sample distance (GSD). The precise time of each image capture (flash event) was recorded, and the corresponding aircraft position was computed during post-processing of the GNSS data. Precise image positions can then be determined by accounting for the lever arm offsets between the aircraft GNSS antenna and the camera lens, which are provided in the PAC System metadata (Kranenburg and others, 2023, https://cmgds.marine.usgs.gov/data-services/rscc/PrecisionAirborneCameraSystem). Position data, provided as latitude/longitude/ellipsoid height, is referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 National Spatial Reference System 2011 (NAD83(2011)) coordinate system.

Tags: aerial-imagery, aerial-photography, albemarle-sound, cape-hatteras-national-seashore, cape-lookout-national-seashore, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, coastal-processes, geomorphology, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, hurricanes, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, nags-head, north-carolina, oceans, outer-banks, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pamlico-sound, pcmsc, remote-sensing, spcmsc, st-petersburg-coastal-and-marine-science-center, structure-from-motion, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-d180829a-4af5-43c9-87a2-669c099df96d, whcmsc, woods-hole-coastal-and-marine-science-center
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE Remap Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCS) Marshall Islands

The LANDFIRE 2016 Remap (LF Remap) Fuel Characteristic Classification System (FCCS) calculates fuelbed characteristics and their potential fire behavior and effects. LF defines fuelbed as: the inherent physical characteristics of fuel that contribute to fire behavior and effects (Riccardi et al. 2007). FCCS represents the composition of fuels, and features six horizontal fuel layers called stratums (canopy, shrubs, herbs, downed wood, litter and duff). FCCS can be used for predicting surface fire behavior, crown fire potential, and fuel availability. FCCS fuelbeds are included preloaded in the US Forest Service (USFS) Fuel and Fire Tools (FFT) application. 
LF collaborated with the Fire and Environmental Research Applications (FERA) team of the USFS Pacific Northwest Research Station for creation of the FCCS product. Rule-based methods for crosswalks and mapping FCCS fuelbeds are constructed from the LF Remap Existing Vegetation Type (EVT) product. The EVT-to-fuelbed crosswalk rules often allow for several possibilities for fuelbeds; expert opinion is used to assign the most representative fuelbed and to determine where additional fuelbed development is necessary. FCCS fuelbed mapping should be considered a starting point and customized to represent sampled fuels within a project area. FCCS is a capable fuels product, capable fuels calculate TSD assignments for disturbed areas using an effective year. For example, year 2020 fuels may be calculated for the year 2020. the new process considers all the existing disturbances included in LF Remap and adjusts the TSD for these to the effective year (2020 in the example), making the products "2020 capable fuels." More information about capable fuels can be found at https://www.landfire.gov/lf_remap.php. See the FCCS product page on the LF website for additional details https://www.landfire.gov/fccs.php.

Tags: biota, fccs, fires, fuel-characteristic-classification-system, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, ia, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, insular-areas, landfire-2016-remap, lf-2016-remap, marshall-islands, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-d16c507d-a94c-4c44-b86d-30193b7f076f
Organization: Department of the Interior
Uncertainty table for lidar-derived shorelines used when calculating rates in the Digital Shoreline Analysis System software for Oregon (OR_shorelines_uncertainty.dbf)

Sandy ocean beaches are a popular recreational destination, often surrounded by communities containing valuable real estate.  Development is on the rise despite the fact that coastal infrastructure is subjected to flooding and erosion.  As a result, there is an increased demand for accurate information regarding past and present shoreline changes.  To meet these national needs, the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is compiling existing reliable historical shoreline data along open-ocean sandy shores of the conterminous United States and parts of Alaska and Hawaii under the National Assessment of Shoreline Change project.
There is no widely accepted standard for analyzing shoreline change.  Existing shoreline data measurements and rate calculation methods vary from study to study and prevent combining results into state-wide or regional assessments.  The impetus behind the National Assessment project was to develop a standardized method of measuring changes in shoreline position that is consistent from coast to coast.  The goal was to facilitate the process of periodically and systematically updating the results in an internally consistent manner.

Tags: cascade-longview, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, coastal-processes, coastal-services-center, columbia-river, continental-island-shore-complex, csc, database-iv-format, digital-shoreline-analysis-system, dsas, effects-of-coastal-change, environment, erosion, geoscientificinformation, high-water-line, high-water-line-offsets, high-water-line-uncertainty, hwl, lidar-uncertainty, mean-high-water, mhw, national-assessment-of-shoreline-change-project, national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration, noaa, north-america, oceans, oregon, oregon-washington-vancouver-coast-and-shelf-ecoregion, pacific-coast, pacific-northwest, proxy-datum-bias, seb-arago, shoreline-accretion, shoreline-change, shoreline-erosion, tillamook-bay, u-s-geological-survey, umpqua-siletz, united-states, usgs, usgs-d15f4bc2-95ad-43ce-9f1a-96aac77b5a7b, woods-hole-coastal-and-marine-science-center
Organization: Department of the Interior