AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
LANDFIRE 2023 Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC) AK

LANDFIRE's (LF) 2023 update (LF 2023) Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC) represents the vertically projected percent cover of the live canopy for a 30-m cell. EVC is produced separately for tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms. Training data depicting percentages of canopy cover are obtained from plot-level ground-based visual assessments and lidar observations. These are combined with Landsat imagery (from multiple seasons), to inform models built independently for each lifeform. Tree, shrub, and herbaceous lifeforms each have a potential range from 10% to 100% (cover values less than 10% are binned into the 10% value). The three independent lifeform datasets are merged into a single product based on the dominant lifeform of each pixel. The EVC product is then reconciled through QA/QC measures to ensure lifeform is synchronized with Existing Vegetation Height (EVH).  
In Alaska, developed and agricultural lands were derived from the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2016 Land Cover. Roads were derived from the NLCD 2016 Developed Urban Descriptor for south-central Alaska and a state-wide dataset from HERE Technologies. In the Alaska 90km buffer area developed and agricultural lands were derived from the North American Land Change Monitoring System ((NALCMS) https://www.mrlc.gov/data/north-american-land-change-monitoring-system) 2015 Land Cover and new developed lands were added from the NALCMS 2020 Land Cover for LF 2023.  
Disturbance events after 2016 are accounted for by incorporating transition rulesets using LF 2023 Fuel Disturbance (FDist). LF uses EVC as an input for LF 2023 Fuel Vegetation Cover (FVC).

Tags: ak, alaska, biota, evc, existing-vegetation-cover, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, lf-2023, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-66743b63d34e80199d75439e
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE 2023 Forest Canopy Height (CH) AK

LANDFIRE's 2023 Update (LF 2023) Forest Canopy Height (CH) describes the average height of the top of the canopy for a stand. CH is used in the calculation of Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) and Base Height (CBH). CH supplies information for fire behavior models, such as FARSITE (Finney 1998), that can determine the starting point of embers in the spotting model, wind reductions, and the volume of crown fuels. To create CH, LANDFIRE's Existing Vegetation Height (EVH) product must be produced first. EVH is a continuous scaled product which assigns height to all life forms in the LF data. CH is then derived from EVH by assigning bins of 13 height classes for fuel production and use in fire behavior software. In LF 2023, fuel products are created with LF 2016 Remap vegetation in areas that were un-disturbed in the last twenty years. 
To designate disturbed areas where CH is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2014 to 2023 in the LF Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances between 2014-2023 are represented in LF 2023, and the products are intended to be used in 2024 (the year of release).  
When using any product from the LF 2023 fuel product suite, users should consider adjusting fuel layers for disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year (after October 1st, 2023). Disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year are not accounted for within LF 2023 fuel products. Learn more about LF 2023 at https://landfire.gov/data/lf2023.

Tags: ak, alaska, biota, canopy-height, ch, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, lf-2023, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-66743b3ed34e80199d754396
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE 2023 Forest Canopy Cover (CC) AK

LANDFIRE's 2023 Update (LF 2023) Forest Canopy Cover (CC) describes the percent cover of the tree canopy in a stand. CC is a vertical projection of the tree canopy cover onto an imaginary horizontal plane. In fire behavior models, CC supplies information to determine the probability of crown fire initiation, provides input in the spotting model, and aids in calculating wind reductions and fuel moisture conditioning. To create CC, LANDFIRE's Existing Vegetation Cover (EVC) product must be produced first. EVC is a continuous scaled product which assigns cover to all life forms in the LF data. CC is then derived from EVC by assigning bins of 10% for fuel production and use in fire behavior software. CC is used in the calculation of Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) and Base Height (CBH).  
To designate disturbed areas where CC is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2014 to 2023 in the LF Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances between 2014-2023 are represented in LF 2023, and the products are intended to be used in 2024 (the year of release).  
When using any product from the LF 2023 fuel product suite, users should consider adjusting fuel layers for disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year (after October 1st, 2023). Disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year are not accounted for within LF 2023 fuel products. Learn more about LF 2023 at https://landfire.gov/data/lf2023.

Tags: ak, alaska, biota, canopy-cover, cc, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, lf-2023, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-66743b00d34e80199d75438a
Organization: Department of the Interior
South San Francisco Bay bathymetry: 1858 to 2005

This data release provides a series of six bathymetric digital elevation models (DEMs) of south San Francisco Bay, CA generated from single-beam hydrographic surveys collected from 1858 to 2005. The DEMs were constructed based upon historical United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and National Ocean Service (NOS) surveys collected in 1858, 1898, 1931, 1956, and 1983 as well as a survey collected by Sea Surveyor, Inc. in 2005. Depth soundings from the pre-1930s surveys were manually digitized and georeferenced while the later surveys were obtained in digital format, and all information compiled into a geographic information system (GIS). Using surface modeling software, the soundings from each survey were supplemented with hand-drawn contours and shorelines obtained from topographic sheets to generate bathymetric DEMs at a horizontal resolution of 25 m for the 2005 survey and 50m for all others. The bathymetric DEMs are provided in GeoTIFF format, vertically referenced to the Mean Lower Low Water (MLLW) tidal epoch referenced at the time of data collection.

Tags: bathymetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, central-san-francisco-bay, digital-elevation-model-dem, digital-elevation-models, elevation, geographic-information-systems, geographic-information-systems-gis, geospatial-datasets, global-positioning-system-gps-observations, gps-measurement, inlandwaters, san-francisco-bay, san-pablo-bay, single-beam-echo-sounder, south-san-francisco-bay, suisun-bay, topographic-mapping, topography, usgs-667603c9d34e3cf50fef28e5
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE 2023 Forest Canopy Base Height (CBH) AK

LANDFIRE's 2023 Update (LF 2023) Forest Canopy Base Height (CBH) supplies information used in fire behavior models to determine the critical point at which a surface fire will transition to a crown fire in conjunction with other environmental factors (such as wind speed and moisture content). CBH data is continuous from 0 to 9.9 meters (to the nearest 0.1m) and describe the lowest point in a stand where there is enough available fuel (0.25in diameter) to propagate fire vertically through the canopy. Critical CBH is defined as the lowest point at which the Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) is .012kg m-3. Under different scenarios of disturbance and based on previous research incorporating plot-level CBH calculations, CBH for disturbed areas is determined via a set of linear equations relating Forest Canopy Height (CH) and Cover (CC) to CBH. Linear equations for these calculations are derived from Forest Vegetation Simulator (FVS) scenario outputs.
To designate disturbed areas where CBH is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2014 to 2023 in the LF Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances between 2014-2023 are represented in LF 2023, and the products are intended to be used in 2024 (the year of release).  
When using any product from the LF 2023 fuel product suite, users should consider adjusting fuel layers for disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year (after October 1st, 2023). Disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year are not accounted for within LF 2023 fuel products. Learn more about LF 2023 at https://landfire.gov/data/lf2023

Tags: ak, alaska, canopy-base-height, cbh, farming, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, lf-2023, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-66743a97d34e80199d75437b
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE 2023 Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) AK

LANDFIRE's 2023 Update (LF 2023) Forest Canopy Bulk Density (CBD) describes the mass of available canopy fuel per unit canopy volume that would burn in a crown fire. A spatially explicit map of CBD supplies information used in fire behavior models to determine the spread characteristics of active crown fires across the landscape. CBD for disturbed and non-disturbed areas is determined via a general linear model (GLM) relating LF's Forest Canopy Height (CH) and Cover (CC) to CBD (Reeves et al 2009).
To designate disturbed areas where CBD is modified, the aggregated Annual Disturbance products from 2014 to 2023 in the LF Fuel Disturbance (FDist) product are used. All existing disturbances between 2014-2023 are represented in LF 2023, and the products are intended to be used in 2024 (the year of release).  
When using any product from the LF 2023 fuel product suite, users should consider adjusting fuel layers for disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year (after October 1st, 2023). Disturbances that occurred after the end of the 2023 fiscal year are not accounted for within LF 2023 fuel products. Learn more about LF 2023 at https://landfire.gov/data/lf2023.

Tags: ak, alaska, biota, canopy-bulk-density, cbd, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, lf-2023, oconus, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-66743a79d34e80199d754375
Organization: Department of the Interior
LANDFIRE Limited Annual Disturbance AK 2023

The LANDFIRE Limited Disturbance (LDist)23 product is a new product introduced with the LF 2023 Update (LF 2023). LDist23 is an early "draft" of the LANDFIRE Annual Disturbance product and includes disturbance events captured through October 31, 2023. LDist23 is the first of three Annual Disturbance products releasing in the LF 2023 Update. LDist23 releases in January 2024, then Preliminary Disturbance (PDist)23 will release mid-year 2024. PDist23 will be the second "draft" of Annual Disturbance for the LF 2023 update. Finally, in the fall of 2024 the final "draft" of Annual Disturbance (Dist23) will be released.

Tags: ak, alaska, annual-disturbance, biota, fires, geographic-information-systems, geospatial-datasets, hazard-preparedness, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, landfire-2023, ldist, lf-2023, limited-annual-disturbance-2023-ak, raster-digital-data, remote-sensing, u-s-forest-service-usfs, u-s-geological-survey-usgs, united-states, us, usgs-667439b0d34e80199d754357, yearly-disturbance
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geophysical Surveys of Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, 2002 - JPEG Images of Seismic Data

Bear Lake is a tectonic lake that has existed for at
least several hundred thousand years. The lake basin
is a relatively simple half graben, a spoon-shaped depression
tilted toward the main fault on the east side of the lake. The U.S.
Geological Survey, in cooperation with researchers from several
universities, has been studying the sediments of Bear Lake since
1996. The general purpose of this effort is to reconstruct past
limnological conditions and regional climate on a range of timescales,
from hundreds of years to hundreds of thousands of years. This research
relates to a variety of human concerns, including water usage in
the Bear River basin. Past work has included several coring operations,
a seismic-reflection survey, sediment-trap deployments, a barge-mounted
drilling operation with the GLAD800 drill rig, and a variety of
other studies.
The objectives of the September, 2002 operations, preliminarily
reported here, were (1) to compile a detailed bathymetric map of
the lake using swath-mapping techniques, in order to provide baseline
data for a variety of applications and studies, and (2) to complete
a sidescan-sonar survey of the lake, providing a nearly complete
acoustic image of the lake floor. Limited amounts of subbottom acoustic-reflection
data (CHIRP) were also collected, along with samples of lake-floor
sediments representative of different kinds of backscatter patterns.
These surveys followed an earlier subbottom acoustic-reflection
survey (1997), using boomer and 3.5 kHz systems (S. M. Colman, unpublished
data).

Tags: bear-lake, chirp, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, geophysics, geoscientificinformation, idaho, image-collections, inlandwaters, jpeg, jpg, north-america, seg-y, seismic-reflection, sub-bottom-profiling, u-s-geological-survey, united-states, usgs, usgs-6673515b-9f2c-409c-a777-053afd72c15e, utah, western-lakes, woods-hole-field-center
Organization: Department of the Interior
Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources - Appalachian Basin, Black Warrior Basin, Illinois Basin, and Michigan Basin: Chapter P, Spatial Data

The storage assessment unit (SAU) is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project for the assessment of geologic CO2 storage resources. The SAU is shown here as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the assessment interval. Individual SAUs are defined on the basis of common geologic and hydrologic characteristics. The resource that is assessed is the mass of CO2 that can be stored in the technically accessible pore volume of a storage formation. The technically accessible storage resource is one that may be available using present-day geological and engineering knowledge and technology for CO2 injection into geologic formations and therefore is not a total in-place resource estimate. The SAU boundary is defined geologically as the limits of the geologic elements that define the SAU, such as limits of reservoir rock, geologic structures, depth, and seal lithologies. The only exceptions to this are SAUs that border an  international, or Federal-State water boundary. In these cases, the international or Federal-State water boundary forms part of the SAU boundary.
Drilling-density cell maps show the number of wells that have been drilled into the SAU. Each 1-square-mile cell has a count for the number of unique well boreholes drilled into the SAU. For a given sedimentary basin, the National Assessment of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Resources project identifies SAUs containing the potential for storage and sequestration of carbon dioxide. Proprietary well header data from IHS ENERDEQ through 2010 were queried to determine which wells were drilled into specific SAUs. The coordinates of wells are proprietary and cannot be released; however, counts of the number of wells per square mile are presented in the well drilling density data layer.

Tags: alabama, boundaries, c506301-michigan-basin, c506401-illinois-basin, c506501-black-warrior-basin, c50671-appalachian-basin, carbon-dioxide, co2-storage-resources, drilling-density-cell-map, earth-science, illinois, indiana, kentucky, maryland, michigan, mississippi, missouri, national-assessment-of-geologic-carbon-dioxide-storage-resources, natural-resources, new-jersey, new-york, ohio, pennsylvania, resource-assessment, storage-assessment-unit, u-s-geological-survey, u-s-geological-survey-world-energy-region-5, united-states, us01, us17, us18, us21, us24, us26, us28, us29, us34, us36, us39, us42, us51, us54, us55, usgs, usgs-66745eafd34e68d163086b2f, virginia, west-virginia, wisconsin
Organization: Department of the Interior
Massachusetts Wildlife Monitoring Project (2022 - 2024)

This volume's release consists of 143321 media files captured by autonomous wildlife monitoring devices under the project, Massachusetts Wildlife Monitoring Project.  The attached files listed below include several CSV files that provide information about the data release.   The file, "media.csv" provides the metadata about the media, such as filename and date/time of capture.   The actual media files are housed within folders under the volume's "child items" as compressed files.   A critical CSV file is "dictionary.csv", which describes  each  CSV file, including field names, data types, descriptions, and the relationship of each field to fields in other CSV files.    Some of the media files may have been "tagged" or "annotated" by either humans or by machine learning models,  identifying wildlife targets within the media.  If so, this information is stored in  "annotations.csv" and "modeloutputs.csv", respectively.   To protect privacy, all personally identifiable information (PII) have been removed, locations have been "blurred" by bounding boxes, and media featuring sensitive taxa or humans have been omitted.   To enhance data reuse, the sbRehydrate() function in the AMMonitor R package will download files and re-create the original AMMonitor project (database + media files).  See source code at https://code.usgs.gov/vtcfwru/ammonitor.

Tags: aix-sponsa, alces-americanus-americanus, animal-tracking, biota, bonasa-umbellus, buteo-jamaicensis, buteo-platypterus, camera-trap, canachites-canadensis, canis-latrans, cathartes-aura, catharus-guttatus, conservation, cyanocitta-cristata, didelphis-virginiana, dryocopus-pileatus, dumetella-carolinensis, ecosystem-monitoring, environment, erethizon-dorsatus, felis-catus, field-inventory-and-monitoring, forest, lepus-americanus, leuconotopicus-villosus, lynx-rufus, management, meleagris-gallopavo, mephitis-mephitis, mustela-erminea, mustela-frenata, odocoileus-virginianus, pekania-pennanti, poecile-atricapillus, procyon-lotor, sciurus-carolinensis, strix-varia, sylvilagus-floridanus, tamias-striatus, tamiasciurus-hudsonicus, time-series-datasets, turdus-migratorius, urocyon-cinereoargenteus, ursus-americanus, usgs-6672de8dd34e84915adbb4f3, vertebrates, vulpes-vulpes, wildlife, wildlife-biology
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geospatial Data for Characterizing Drainage Basins in the Nevada StreamStats Study Area

This data release contains raster geospatial data for characterizing drainage basins in the Nevada StreamStats study area. Included are precipitation, temperature, elevation, slope, and land cover data.

Tags: air-temperature, climatologymeteorologyatmosphere, digital-elevation-models, elevation, geospatial-analysis, geospatial-datasets, hydrology, imagerybasemapsearthcover, inlandwaters, land-use-and-land-cover, precipitation-atmospheric, usgs-6671fa91d34e84915adb7779, water-resources
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data Collected to Evaluate Sources, Fate, and Mobility of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) at Cannon Air Force Base, New Mexico

Soil, soil porewater, groundwater, and playa lake sediment samples were collected between September 2021 and November 2023 at Cannon Air Force Base (CAFB) in eastern New Mexico as part of a study on the sources, fate, and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Soil cores (2-foot-long) were collected in September 2021 from six sites that were potential PFAS source areas and one background site. Soil cores were analyzed for targeted PFAS compounds, total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay, protein content, anions, total organic and inorganic carbon, cation exchange capacity, and pH. Physical properties, which included soil particle size distribution, oxide composition, moisture content, and water potential were also analyzed for the soil samples. Lysimeters were used to obtain interstitial soil porewater samples on two dates. Lysimeter samples were analyzed for PFAS and TOP, and samples with sufficient water volume were sent for wastewater indicator constituents. Groundwater samples were collected from 19 monitoring wells on CAFB in June 2022. Groundwater samples were analyzed for PFAS, TOP, field parameters, major and minor ions, nutrients, dissolved organic carbon, and redox-sensitive species including sulfide, reduced manganese, iron, and methane. Selected samples were analyzed for wastewater indicator constituents. The microbial composition of the soil and groundwater samples are reported in a separate table with sequence counts from the operational taxonomic units (OTU).

Tags: cannon-air-force-base, chemical-analysis, contamination-and-pollution, core-analysis, dissolved-gases, dissolved-metals, eastern-new-mexico, elements, environment, field-sampling, geochemistry, grain-size-analysis, health, laboratory-methods, microbiology, new-mexico, nutrient-content-water, organisms, pfas, push-coring, soil-chemistry, subsampling, usgs-6671c397d34e84915adb752e, water-chemistry, water-sampling
Organization: Department of the Interior
Emergence of Climate Change Signals for Ecologically-Relevant Climate Variables

Species are expected to shift their distributions to higher latitudes, greater elevations, and deeper depths in response to climate change, reflecting an underlying hypothesis that species will move to cooler locations. However, species response to climate change is poorly understood and species range shifts may be related to climate change exposure. This project was designed to find when a new climate normal emerges beyond different thresholds of natural climate variability with the goal to help natural resource managers, other practitioners, and scientists concerned with emerging climate signals. Estimates are provided for the time (year) when a biologically-relevant temperature signal emerges (time of emergence - ToE) above natural variability considering an early industrial period climate and the strength of the signal (degrees C) at the ToE. The year-to-year “natural” variability is estimated as the noise in which the signal must persistently surpass for the emergence of a climate change signal. A time series of the signal to noise ratio is provided from which the ToE is estimated. The input data for the estimates include multiple observations as well as multiple large ensembles of Global Climate Models (GCMs). The GCMs include estimates of signal that may emerge in the future under a moderate emission scenario (RCP4.5/SSP2-45). The advantage of large ensembles of GCMs (many realizations of the future climate from a single GCM) is improved representation of the natural variability as well as ability to estimate the forced anthropogenic trend (e.g., warming).

Tags: climate-change, geospatial-datasets, signal-to-noise, species-range-shift, time-of-emergence, usgs-66718eecd34e84915adb59e0
Organization: Department of the Interior