AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Novel mutations in the

Background
          Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy and a major cause of death in middle-aged women. So far, germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in patients with early-onset breast and/or ovarian cancer have not been identified within the Iranian population.
        
        
          Methods
          With the collaboration of two main centres for cancer in Iran, we obtained clinical information, family history and peripheral blood from 83 women under the age of 45 with early-onset breast cancer for scanning of germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. We analysed BRCA1 exons 11 and BRCA2 exons 10 and 11 by the protein truncation test, and BRCA1 exons 2, 3, 5, 13 and 20 and BRCA2 exons 9, 17, 18 and 23 with the single-strand conformation polymorphism assay on genomic DNA amplified by polymerase chain reaction.
        
        
          Results
          Ten sequence variants were identified: five frameshifts (putative mutations – four novel); three missense changes of unknown significance and two polymorphisms, one seen commonly in both Iranian and British populations.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Identification of these novel mutations suggests that any given population should develop a mutation database for its programme of breast cancer screening. The pattern of mutations seen in the BRCA genes seems not to differ from other populations studied. Early-onset breast cancer (less than 45 years) and a limited family history is sufficient to justify mutation screening with a detection rate of over 25% in this group, whereas sporadic early-onset breast cancer (detection rate less than 5%) is unlikely to be cost-effective.

Tags: brca1-brca2-mutations, early-onset-breast-cancer, genetic-mutation-screening, iranian-population-study, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
NSDUH 2023 Field Interviewer Manual

This detailed manual was used as a training guide for the Field Interviewers (FIs) who conducted the in-person 2023 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). It covers the information presented at the intensive training for new FIs. Although it is written for NSDUH FIs, researchers may find it helpful for learning about data collection challenges that could affect data quality. It also may be helpful for those designing their own field operations.The manual includes:An introduction to the survey;A guide to what is expected of FIs;Copies of materials that were mailed or given to respondents;FI instructions for locating sample dwelling units, contacting residents, obtaining participation, conducting the screening and interview, documenting their experiences; andQuality control and administrative procedures for FIs.

Tags: data-collection-methods, field-interviewer-training, nsduh-survey, samhsa, substance-use-survey
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Wyoming, 2014

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Wyoming. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment, and medicare enrollees for the years 2009 to 2013.

Tags: adult-mental-health, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, wyoming-behavioral-health, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
4.3 Client substance abuse problem and diagnosed co-occurring mental disorders, by facility operation and primary focus of facility: March 31, 2011. Number and percent

This a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing client substance abuse problem and diagnosed co-occurring mental disorders, by facility operation and primary focus of facility as of March 31, 2011.

Tags: co-occurring-disorders, mental-health, samhsa, substance-abuse, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparison of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) plasma
		  concentrations at different SOFA scores during the course of sepsis and
		  MODS

Objectives:
          The relation of procalcitonin (PCT) plasma concentrations compared
				with C-reactive protein (CRP) was analyzed in patients with different severity
				of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and systemic inflammation.
        
        
          Patients and methods:
          PCT, CRP, the sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA)
				score, the Acute Physiology, Age, Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score
				and survival were evaluated in 40 patients with systemic inflammation and
				consecutive MODS over a period of 15 days.
        
        
          Results:
          Higher SOFA score levels were associated with significantly higher
				PCT plasma concentrations (SOFA 7-12: PCT 2.62 ng/ml, SOFA 19-24: PCT
				15.22 ng/ml) (median), whereas CRP was elevated irrespective of the scores
				observed (SOFT 7-12: CRP 131 mg/l, SOFT 19-24: CRP 135 mg/l). PCT of
				non-surviving patients was initially not different from that of survivors but
				significantly increased after the fourth day following onset of the disease,
				whereas CRP was not different between both groups throughout the whole
				observation period.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          Measurement of PCT concentrations during multiple organ
				dysfunction syndrome provides more information about the severity and the
				course of the disease than that of CRP. Regarding the strong association of PCT
				and the respective score systems in future studies we recommend evaluation also
				of the severity of inflammation and MODS when PCT concentrations were compared
				between different types of disease.

Tags: crp-levels, nih, procalcitonin-levels, sepsis-markers, sofa-score
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Monoarticular antigen-induced arthritis leads to pronounced bilateral upregulation of the expression of neurokinin 1 and bradykinin 2 receptors in dorsal root ganglion neurons of rats

This study describes the upregulation of neurokinin 1 and bradykinin 2 receptors in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in the course of antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) in the rat knee. In the acute phase of AIA, which was characterized by pronounced hyperalgesia, there was a substantial bilateral increase in the proportion of lumbar DRG neurons that express neurokinin 1 receptors (activated by substance P) and bradykinin 2 receptors. In the chronic phase the upregulation of bradykinin 2 receptors persisted on the side of inflammation. The increase in the receptor expression is relevant for the generation of acute and chronic inflammatory pain.

Tags: antigen-induced-arthritis, dorsal-root-ganglion, inflammatory-pain, neurokinin-receptors, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 State Profile - Rhode Island

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) annual report showing the state profile for Rhode Island in 2012. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: n-ssats, rhode-island, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cultured Kaposi's sarcoma tumor cells exhibit a chemokine receptor repertoire that does not allow infection by HIV-1

Background
          HIV-1 is known to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). However, it remains controversial whether KS cells are target cells for HIV infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of chemokine receptors in KS cell cultures and to determine whether these cells can be infected by HIV-1.
        
        
          Material and Methods
          KS-derived cells and KS-Y1 cells were investigated using RT-PCR for the expression of CD4, CCR3, CCR5, CCR8 and CXCR4 mRNA. HIV infectivity of these cells was determined by p24 antigen and HIV-1 RNA production, as well as by HIV-1 DNA integration.
        
        
          Results and Discussion
          With the exception of CCR8 which is expressed by KS-derived spindle cell cultures but not by KS-Y1 cells, unstimulated KS cells express no significant levels of CD4, CCR3, CCR5 or CXCR4 mRNA. HIV infectivity assays showed that KS cells were unpermissive to HTLVIIIB and JRFL strains. Although the expression of CXCR4 mRNA could be upregulated by interleukin-1β, stimulation of KS cells by this cytokine did not allow infection by HIV-1.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This shows that KS cells exhibit a chemokine receptor repertoire that does not allow infection by HIV-1. Other cell types making up KS lesions, such as inflammatory cells, are likely to represent the source of HIV-1 products cooperating to promote KS development and progression.

Tags: chemokine-receptors, hiv-1-infection, kaposis-sarcoma, nih, tumor-cells
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER): Screening Experience and Baseline Characteristics

Background
          PROSPER was designed to investigate the benefits of treatment with pravastatin in elderly patients for whom a typical doctor might consider the prescription of statin therapy to be a realistic option.
        
        
          Methods
          The PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER) is a randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial to test the hypothesis that treatment with pravastatin (40 mg/day) will reduce the risk of coronary heart disease death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and fatal or non-fatal stroke in elderly men and women with pre-existing vascular disease or with significant risk of developing this condition.
        
        
          Results
          In Scotland, Ireland, and the Netherlands, 23,770 individuals were screened, and 5,804 subjects (2,804 men and 3,000 women), aged 70 to 82 years (average 75 years) and with baseline cholesterol 4.0–9.0 mmol/l, were randomised. Randomised subjects had similar distributions with respect to age, blood pressure, and body mass index when compared to the entire group of screenees, but had a higher prevalence of smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and a history of vascular disease. The average total cholesterol level at baseline was 5.4 mmol/l (men) and 6.0 mmol/l (women).
        
        
          Conclusions
          Compared with previous prevention trials of cholesterol-lowering drugs, the PROSPER cohort is significantly older and for the first time includes a majority of women. The study, having achieved its initial goal of recruiting more than 5,500 elderly high-risk men and women, aims to complete all final subject follow-up visits in the first half of 2002 with the main results being available in the fourth quarter of 2002.

Tags: cholesterol-management, elderly-cardiovascular, nih, pravastatin-trial, vascular-disease
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Fibroblast biology: Signals targeting the synovial fibroblast in arthritis

Fibroblast-like cells in the synovial lining (type B lining cells), stroma and pannus tissue are targeted by many signals, such as the following: ligands binding to cell surface receptors; lipid soluble, small molecular weight mediators (eg nitric oxide [NO], prostaglandins, carbon monoxide); extracellular matrix (ECM)-cell interactions; and direct cell-cell contacts, including gap junctional intercellular communication. Joints are subjected to cyclic mechanical loading and shear forces. Adherence and mechanical forces affect fibroblasts via the ECM (including the hyaluronan fluid phase matrix) and the pericellular matrix (eg extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer [EMMPRIN]) matrices, thus modulating fibroblast migration, adherence, proliferation, programmed cell death (including anoikis), synthesis or degradation of ECM, and production of various cytokines and other mediators [1]. Aggressive, transformed or transfected mesenchymal cells containing proto-oncogenes can act in the absence of lymphocytes, but whether these cells represent regressed fibroblasts, chondrocytes or bone marrow stem cells is unclear.

Tags: arthritis-pannus, fibroblast-signaling, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, synovial-fibroblasts
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: New Mexico, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the state of New Mexico. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, new-mexico, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A reference database for tumor-related genes co-expressed with interleukin-8 using genome-scale

Background
          The EST database provides a rich resource for gene discovery and in silico expression analysis. We report a novel computational approach to identify co-expressed genes using EST database, and its application to IL-8.
        
        
          Results
          IL-8 is represented in 53 dbEST cDNA libraries. We calculated the frequency of occurrence of all the genes represented in these cDNA libraries, and ranked the candidates based on a Z-score. Additional analysis suggests that most IL-8 related genes are differentially expressed between non-tumor and tumor tissues. To focus on IL-8's function in tumor tissues, we further analyzed and ranked the genes in 16 IL-8 related tumor libraries.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This method generated a reference database for genes co-expressed with IL-8 and could facilitate further characterization of functional association among genes.

Tags: cancer-research, gene-co-expression, interleukin-8, nih, tumor-genes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Association of mesenchymal cells and immunoglobulins with differentiating epithelial cells

Background
          Mesenchymal-epithelial interactions play an important role in the physiology and pathology of epithelial tissues. Mesenchymal cells either associate with epithelium basement membrane [pericytes and perivascular monocyte-derived cells (MDC)] or reside within epithelium (MDC and T cells). Although intraepithelial mesenchymal cells were suggested to contribute to the epithelium physiology, their association with particular steps in differentiation of epithelial cells, interactions among themselves, and their fate remain unclear. We studied epitopes of mesenchymal cells and their products (immunoglobulins) in stratified epithelium of uterine ectocervix, which is one of the prototypes of complete cellular differentiation from stem into the aged cells.
        
        
          Results
          Perivascular CD14 primitive MDC associated with basal (stem) epithelial cells. Thy-1 pericytes of microvasculature secreted intercellular vesicles, which associated with Ki67 postmitotic epithelial cells expressing MHC class I. Intraepithelial T cells showed an association with veiled type MDC [dendritic cell (DC) precursors] among parabasal cells, and exhibited fragmentation after entering intermediate (mature) epithelial layers. Mature DC secreted CD68 and exhibited fragmentation after reaching mid intermediate layers. Binding of IgM was detected at the top of each layer: in the upper parabasal, upper intermediate, and most surface epithelial cells. IgG was confined to the entire superficial layer.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These data suggest that the phylogenetically and ontogenetically developed hierarchy of mesenchymal cells (MDC, pericytes, T cells) and immunoglobulins (IgM, IgG) accompanies differentiation of epithelial cells from immature into the mature and aged phenotype. Further studies of an involvement of mesenchymal cells in the regulation of tissue homeostasis may bring novel approaches to the prevention and therapy of tissue dysfunctions characterized by permanent tissue immaturity (muscular dystrophy) or accelerated aging (degenerative diseases).

Tags: epithelial-differentiation, immunoglobulins, mesenchymal-cells, nih, uterine-ectocervix
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Imiquimod for the treatment of genital warts: a quantitative systematic review

Objective
          To review published randomised controlled trials to assess the benefit and harm of imiquimod in the treatment of external genital warts.
        
        
          Data sources
          MEDLINE (1966 - December 2000), Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2000) and PubMed (December 15, 2000), review articles and reference lists.
        
        
          Review methods
          Included studies had to be randomised trials of imiquimod, to be full published papers, and to have a comparison group. Quality of trial reporting was assessed. Relative benefit and number needed to treat were calculated for the main outcomes of wart clearance at the end of therapy, of at least 50% reduction in wart area, and of complete clearance at the end of treatment and no recurrence of warts during a follow-up period, as well as for adverse effect withdrawal or lack of efficacy withdrawal.
        
        
          Results
          There were six trials, all with quality scores of 3 (out of 5) or greater. In five trials with HIV-negative patients complete clearance of warts at the end of treatment occurred in 51% of patients treated with imiquimod 2% or 5% cream and 6% of placebo treated patients. The number needed to treat was 2.2 (95% confidence interval 2.0 to 2.6). In four trials at least 50% wart area reduction occurred with 72% of patients treated with imiquimod 5% cream and 20% of placebo treated patients. The number needed to treat was 1.9 (1.7 to 2.2). In three trials complete clearance of warts at the end of treatment plus no recurrence occurred in 37% of patients treated with imiquimod 5% cream and 4% of those treated with placebo. The number needed to treat was 3.0 (2.5 to 3.8). Adverse event withdrawal was rare and no more likely with imiquimod than with placebo. Imiquimod was not effective in one trial in HIV-positive patients.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The evidence base for imiquimod in treating genital warts is of high quality and the necessary size from which to draw useful conclusions. Imiquimod is effective in home application, though not in patients with HIV infection with the evidence presently available.

Tags: genital-warts, imiquimod-treatment, nih, systematic-review, wart-clearance
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: State Barometers, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the United States. The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), the Youth and Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS), the Monitoring of the Future Survey sponsored by the National Institute on Drug Abuse and findings by the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services about the use of of mental health and substance use treatment services by medicare recipients. The topics address in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment, and medicare enrollees for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, youth-risk-behavior
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Pennsylvania

This is the 2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Pennsylvania. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, evidence-based-practices, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Arkansas (AR)

This report uses 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older for Arkansas overall and for substate regions within Arkansas. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: alcohol-use-disorder, mental-health-arkansas, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use-disorder
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The estimated economic burden of genital herpes in the United States. An analysis using two costing approaches

Background
          Only limited data exist on the costs of genital herpes (GH) in the USA. We estimated the economic burden of GH in the USA using two different costing approaches.
        
        
          Methods
          The first approach was a cross-sectional survey of a sample of primary and secondary care physicians, analyzing health care resource utilization. The second approach was based on the analysis of a large administrative claims data set. Both approaches were used to generate the number of patients with symptomatic GH seeking medical treatment, the average medical expenditures and estimated national costs. Costs were valued from a societal and a third party payer's perspective in 1996 US dollars.
        
        
          Results
          In the cross-sectional study, based on an estimated 3.1 million symptomatic episodes per year in the USA, the annual direct medical costs were estimated at a maximum of $984 million. Of these costs, 49.7% were caused by drug expenditures, 47.7% by outpatient medical care and 2.6% by hospital costs. Indirect costs accounted for further $214 million. The analysis of 1,565 GH cases from the claims database yielded a minimum national estimate of $283 million direct medical costs.
        
        
          Conclusions
          GH appears to be an important public health problem from the health economic point of view. The observed difference in direct medical costs may be explained with the influence of compliance to treatment and possible undersampling of subpopulations in the claims data set. The present study demonstrates the validity of using different approaches in estimating the economic burden of a specific disease to the health care system.

Tags: claims-data, economic-burden, genital-herpes, healthcare-costs, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Northern Mariana Islands

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, northern-mariana-islands, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services