AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
NEMS/Nimbus-5 Level 2 Output Data V001 (NEMSN5L2) at GES DISC

NEMSN5L2 is the Nimbus-5 or Nimbus-E Microwave Spectrometer (NEMS) Level-2 Output Data product and contains surface reflectivity, water vapor, liquid water, layer thickness, temperature at standard pressure levels, surface brightness temperature, and surface type information, as well as the input antenna and brightness temperatures at 5 microwave channels (H2O channels 22.235 and 31.4 GHz, and O2 channels 53.65, 54.9 and 58.8 GHz). The NEMS instrument views the nadir with a footprint is a 180-km diameter circle on the earth's surface. Data are available for the time period from 1972-12-17 to 1973-10-31 with data for about five days stored in a single binary data file. The principal investigator for the NEMS experiment was David H. Staelin from MIT. An advanced version of this instrument, the Scanning Microwave Spectrometer (SCAMS) was flown on the subsequent Nimbus-6 satellite.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-upper-air-temperature-vertical-profiles, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-total-precipitable-wate, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-antenna-temperature, earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-sensor-counts, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Nenana Ice Classic: Tanana River Ice Annual Breakup Dates, Version 2

The Tanana river in the Interior of Alaska usually freezes over during October and November. The ice continues to grow throughout the winter accumulating an average maximum thickness of about 110 cm, depending upon winter weather conditions. The Nenana Ice Classic competition began in 1917 when railroad engineers bet a total of 800 dollars, winner takes all, guessing the exact time (month, day, hour, minute) ice on the Tanana River would break up. Each year since then, Alaska residents have guessed at the timing of the river breakup. A tripod, connected to an on-shore clock with a string, is planted in two feet of river ice during river freeze-up in October or November. The following spring, the clock automatically stops when the tripod moves as the ice breaks up. The time on the clock is used as the river ice breakup time. Many factors influence the river ice breakup, such as air temperature, ice thickness, snow cover, wind, water temperature, and depth of water below the ice. Generally, the Tanana river ice breaks up in late April or early May (historically, April 20 to May 20). The time series of Tanana river ice breakup dates can be used to indicate climate change in the region.

Tags: earth-science-terrestrial-hydrosphere-indicators-climate-indicators-river-lake-ice-breakup
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Net Radiation and Albedo from MODIS for Xingu River Basin, Brazil, 2000-2012

This dataset provides daily average land surface net radiation (Rnet) as an 8-day time series at approximately 0.5 km resolution for the upper Xingu River Basin in Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2000-02-18 to 2012-11-16. The parameters needed to calculate Rnet, including albedo, downward shortwave radiation (RSnet), upward longwave radiation (RLnet[up]) and downward longwave radiation (RLnet[down]) were derived from MODIS products (MOD43A3, MOD11A2, MOD08E3) and local weather station data. Parameters were estimated under all sky conditions. These parameters are also provided for the Xingu Basin but at varying spatial and temporal resolutions.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-agricultural-expansion, earth-science-habitat-conversion-fragmentation-human-dimensions-deforestation, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Net Carbon Dioxide and Water Fluxes of Global Terrestrial Ecosystems, 1969-1998

The variability of net surface carbon assimilation (Asmax), net ecosystem surface respiration (Rsmax), and net surface evapotranspiration (Etsmax) among and within vegetation types was examined based on a review of studies performed in either a micrometeorological setting or an enclosure setting. The majority of studies involved forests and C3 crops, particularly in the northern hemisphere; however, studies on tropical forests, C4 grasslands or wetlands were included. Data are presented for 133 published studies, although individual studies may not have measure all variables of interest.Despite large variations within a vegetation type, enclosure studies tended to give highest Asmax rates compared to micrometeorological techniques (Buchmann and Schulze 1999). Excluding enclosure studies, the investigators tested the effect of stand age and leaf area index (LAI) on net ecosystem gas exchange. The results from these analyses illustrate where gaps in scientific knowledge exist and how ecosystem properties affect the capacity of net ecosystem gas exchange.The information was collected from papers with publication dates from 1969-1998. Mean maximum flux rates for the period chosen by the authors were used instead of absolute maximum values for flux rates. Positive values stand for CO2 uptake by the vegetation and negative values represent CO2 release from the ecosystem. More information about the compilation can be found in Buchmann and Schultze (1999) or the individual studies cited in the data table.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evapotranspiration, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-respiration-rate, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Neutrally buoyant float data for the SPURS-1 N. Atlantic field campaign

The SPURS (Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study) project is an oceanographic process study and associated field program that aim to elucidate key mechanisms responsible for near-surface salinity variations in the oceans. The project involves two field campaigns and a series of cruises in regions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans exhibiting salinity extremes. SPURS employs a suite of state-of-the-art in-situ sampling technologies that, combined with remotely sensed salinity fields from the Aquarius/SAC-D and SMOS satellites, provide a detailed characterization of salinity structure over a continuum of spatio-temporal scales. The SPURS-1 campaign involved a series of 5 cruises during 2012 - 2013 seeking to characterize the salinity structure and balance in a high salinity, high evaporation, and low rainfall region of the subtropical North Atlantic. It aims to resolve processes responsible for maintaining the subtropical surface salinity maximum in this region and within a 900 x 800-mile square study area centered at 25N, 38W. Neutrally buoyant floats drift and move through the water column providing continuous temperature and salinity profiles via 2 integrated CTDs and GPS surface position location data. Two floats were deployed during SPURS-1, one during the Knorr cruise in September 2012 another deployed during the April 2013 Endeavor cruise. Recoveries were in April and September 2013 respectively. Neutrally buoyant float trajectory profile data include georeferenced time series of salinity, temperature, and pressure/depth observations.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-temperature-profiles, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-salinity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-07 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-07 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG, short-name N07_AVH09C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (AVH01C1). The N07_AVH09C1 consist of BRDF-corrected surface reflectance for bands 1, 2, and 3, data Quality flags, angles (solar zenith, view zenith, and relative azimuth), and thermal data (thermal bands 3, 4, and 5). The AVH09C1 product is available in HDF4 file format.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-09 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-09 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg CMG, short-name N09_AVH13C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (N09_AVH01C1). The N09_AVH13C1 product is available in HDF4 file format.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index-normalized-difference-vegetation-index-ndvi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-14 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Normalized Difference Vegetation Index Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-14 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg CMG, short-name N14_AVH13C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (N14_AVH01C1). The N14_AVH13C1 product is available in HDF4 file format.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index-normalized-difference-vegetation-index-ndvi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCEP/DOE Reanalysis II, for GSSTF, 0.25 x 0.25 deg, Daily Grid V3 (GSSTF_NCEP) at GES DISC

These data are the Goddard Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Fluxes Version 3 Dataset recently produced through a MEaSUREs funded project led by Dr. Chung-Lin Shie (UMBC/GEST, NASA/GSFC), converted to HDF-EOS5 format. This HDF-EOS5 dataset is part of the MEaSUREs project. This is a Daily product; data are projected to equidistant Grid that covers the globe at 0.25x0.25 degree cell size, resulting in data arrays of 1440x720 size. Data gap: Daily GSSTF_NCEP files are missing for October 21-22,26-28, in 1990. The input data sets used for this recent GSSTF production include the upgraded and improved datasets such as the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) Version-6 (V6) product of brightness temperature [Tb], total precipitable water [W], and wind speed [U] produced by the Wentz of Remote Sensing Systems (RSS), as well as the NCEP/DOE Reanalysis-2 (R2) product of sea skin temperature [SKT], 2-meter air temperature [Tair], and sea level pressure [SLP]. The short name for this product is GSSTF_NCEP.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-sea-level-pressure, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-atmospheric-heating, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-skin-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-total-precipitable-wate, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evaporation, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-dynamics-turbulence, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-dynamics-wind-stress, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-conduction, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-evaporation, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-heat-flux, earth-science-ocean-pressure-oceans-sea-level-pressure, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-turbulence, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-stress
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-09 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-09 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG, short-name N09_ AVH09C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (AVH01C1). The N09_AVH09C1 consist of BRDF-corrected surface reflectance for bands 1, 2, and 3, data Quality flags, angles (solar zenith, view zenith, and relative azimuth), and thermal data (thermal bands 3, 4, and 5). The AVH09C1 product is available in HDF4 file format.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-09 AVHRR Top-of-Atmosphere Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-09 AVHRR Top-of-Atmosphere Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG, short-name N09_AVH02C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (AVH01C1). The N09_AVH02C1 consist of Top-of-atmosphere reflectance for bands 1 and 2, data Quality flags, angles (solar zenith, view zenith, and relative azimuth), thermal data (thermal bands 3, 4 and 5), and additional data (scan time).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance-top-of-atmosphere-toa-reflectance, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-20 VIIRS Level-1A Data, version 2

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011. JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm. There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-ocean-color
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-16 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The NOAA-16 AVHRR Atmospherically Corrected Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG, short-name N16_ AVH09C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (AVH01C1). The N16_ AVH09C1 consist of BRDF-corrected surface reflectance for bands 1, 2, and 3, data Quality flags, angles (solar zenith, view zenith, and relative azimuth), and thermal data (thermal bands 3, 4, and 5). The AVH09C1 product is available in HDF4 file format.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration