AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
GPM PR on TRMM Reflectivity, Precipitation Statistics, Histograms, at Surface and Fixed Heights, 1 month 5x5 and 0.25x0.25 degree V07 (GPM_3PR) at GES DISC

This is the new (GPM-formated) TRMM product. It replaces the old TRMM_3A25,3A26 Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. This is the GPM-like formatted TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) monthly gridded data, first released with the "V8" TRMM reprocessing. The TRMM radar Level 3 grids are now consistent with the GPM Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR). The closest ancestor of this dataset was the monthly radar statistics 3A25. This product consists of monthly statistics of the PR measurements at 0.25x0.25 degrees, and monthly histograms and statistics at 5x5 degrees, horizontal resolution. The objective of the algorithm is to calculate various daily statistics from the level 2 PR output products. Four types of statistics are calculated: 1. Probabilities of occurrence (count values) 2. Means and standard deviations 3. Histograms 4. Correlation coefficients In all cases, the statistics are conditioned on the presence of rain or some other quantity such as the presence of stratiform rain or the presence of a bright-band. For example, to compute the unconditioned mean rain rate, the conditional mean must be multiplied by the probability of rain which, in turn is calculated from the ratio of rain counts to the total number of observations in the box of interest. The grids are in the Planetary Grid 2 structure matching the Dual-frequency PR on the core GPM observatory that covers 67S to 67N degrees of latitudes. The low resolution 5x5 deg grid covers 70S to 70N. Areas beyond the ±40 degrees of latitudes are padded with empty grid cells.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-rate
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM PR and TMI on TRMM Combined Gridded Orbital Convective-Stratiform Latent Heating Profiles L3 1.5 hours 0.25x0.25 degree V07 (GPM_3GCSH_TRMM) at GES DISC

This is the new (GPM-formated) TRMM product. It replaces the old TRMM legacy product TRMM_3G31. Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. Estimating vertical profiles of latent heating released by precipitating cloud systems is one of the key objectives of TRMM, together with accurately measuring the horizontal distribution of tropical rainfall. The method uses TRMM PR information [precipitation-top height (PTH), precipitation rates at the surface and melting level, and rain type] to select heating profiles from lookup tables. Heating-profile lookup tables for the three rain types—convective, shallow stratiform, and anvil rain (deep stratiform with a melting level)—were derived from numerical simulations of tropical cloud systems from the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) utilizing a cloud-resolving model (CRM). The CSH algorithm is severely limited by the inherent sensitivity of the TRMM PR. For latent heating, the quantity required is actually cloud top, but the PR can detect only precipitation-sized particles. Because observed information on precipitation depth is used in addition to precipitation type and intensity, differences between shallow and deep convection are more distinct in the CSH algorithm in comparison with the CSH algorithm. The Gridded Orbital Spectral Latent Heating is actually one orbit gridded onto a global map with 0.25x0.25 degree grid cell size. These latent heating profiles from the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) rain. The granule temporal size is one orbit.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-dynamics-heat-flux
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM PR on TRMM Spectral Latent Heating Profiles L3 1 Day 0.5x0.5 degree V07 (GPM_3HSLH_TRMM_DAY) at GES DISC

This a new (GPM-formated) TRMM product. There is no equivalent in the old TRMM suite of products. Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. Estimating vertical profiles of latent heating released by precipitating cloud systems is one of the key objectives of TRMM, together with accurately measuring the horizontal distribution of tropical rainfall. The method uses TRMM PR information [precipitation-top height (PTH), precipitation rates at the surface and melting level, and rain type] to select heating profiles from lookup tables. Heating-profile lookup tables for the three rain types—convective, shallow stratiform, and anvil rain (deep stratiform with a melting level)—were derived from numerical simulations of tropical cloud systems from the Tropical Ocean and Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) utilizing a cloud-resolving model (CRM). The SLH algorithm is severely limited by the inherent sensitivity of the TRMM PR. For latent heating, the quantity required is actually cloud top, but the PR can detect only precipitation-sized particles. Because observed information on precipitation depth is used in addition to precipitation type and intensity, differences between shallow and deep convection are more distinct in the SLH algorithm in comparison with the CSH algorithm. Daily Spectral Latent Heating produces 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree grid of latent heating profiles from the TRMM PR rain. The grids are in the Planetary Grid 2 structure matching the Dual-frequency PR on the core GPM observatory that covers 67S to 67N degrees of latitudes. Areas beyond the ±40 degrees of latitudes are padded with empty grid cells.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-dynamics-heat-flux
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM PR on TRMM Reflectivity, Precipitation Characteristics and Rate, at Surface and Profile L2 1.5 hours V07 (GPM_2APR) at GES DISC

This is the new, GPM-like, format for TRMM Precipitation Radar L2 data that now incorporates what was known as 2A21, 2A23 and 2A25 datasets. The primary purpose of 2A21 is to compute the path-integrated attenuation (PIA) using the surface reference technique (SRT). The surface reference technique rests on the assumption that the difference between the measurements of the normalized surface cross section outside and within the rain provides an estimate of the PIA. The secondary purpose of 2A21 is to compute the normalized radar cross sections ("sigma-not" or Normalized Radar Cross-Sectin (NRTS)) of the surface under rain-free conditions. Main objectives of 2A23 are as follows: (a) Detection of bright band (BB) and determination of the height of BB, the strength of BB, and the width (i.e. thickness) of BB when BB exists. (b) Classification of rain type into the following three categories: - stratiform, - convective, - other, where "other" means (ice) cloud only and/or maybe noise. (c) Detection of shallow isolated and shallow non-isolated. (d) Output of Rain/No-rain flag. (e) Computation of the estimated height of freezing level. (f) Output of the height of storm top. The objectives of 2A25 are to correct for the rain attenuation in measured radar reflectivity (Zm) and to estimate the instantaneous three-dimensional distribution of rain from the TRMM Precipitation Radar (PR) data. The estimated vertical profiles of attenuation-corrected radar reflectivity factor (Ze) and rainfall rate (R) are given at each resolution cell of the PR. The estimated rainfall rate at the actual surface height and the average rainfall rate between the two predefined altitudes (2 and 4 km) are also calculated for each beam position. Changes in horizontal resolution resulting from the TRMM boost that occurred on 24 August 2001: Pre-Boost (before 7 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 91.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 215 km; Horizontal Resolution: 4.3 km Post-Boost (after 24 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 92.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 247 km; Horizontal Resolution: 5.0 km

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-liquid-precipitation-rain, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SAPHIR on MT1 Common Calibrated Brightness Temperature L1C 1.5 hours 10 km V07 (GPM_1CMT1SAPHIR) at GES DISC

Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. 1CAMSR2 contains common calibrated brightness temperature from the AMSR2 passive microwave instrument flown on the GCOMW1 satellite. This products contains 6 swaths. Swath 1 has channels 10.65V 10.65H. Swath 2 has channels 18.7V 18.7H. Swath 3 has channels 23.8V 23.8H. Swath 4 has channels 36.5V 36.5H. Swath S5 has 2 high frequency A-Scan channels (89V 89H). Swath S6 has 2 high frequency B-Scan channels (89V 89H). Data for all six swaths is observed in the same revolution of the instrument. High frequency A and high frequency B data are observed in separate feedhorns. All 1C products have a common L1C data structure, simple and generic. Each L1C swath includes scan time, latitude and longitude, scan status, quality, incidence angle, Sun glint angle, and the intercalibrated brightness temperature (Tc). One or more swaths are included in a product. The radiometer data are recalibrated to a common basis so that precipitation products derived from them are consistent.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Geoecology: County-Level Environmental Data for the United States, 1941-1981

The Geoecology database is a compilation of environmental data for the period 1941 to 1981. The Geoecology database contains selected data on terrain and soils, water resources, forestry, vegetation, agriculture, land use, wildlife, air quality, climate, natural areas, and endangered species. Data on selected human population characteristics are also included to complement the environmental files. Data represent the conterminous United States at the county level. These historical data are provided as a source of 1970s baseline environmental conditions for the United States.

Tags: earth-science-agricultural-plant-science-agriculture-crop-plant-yields, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-sulfur-oxides, earth-science-atmospheric-ocean-indicators-climate-indicators-precipitation-indices, earth-science-atmospheric-ocean-indicators-climate-indicators-temperature-indices, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-species-population-interactions-endangered-species, earth-science-economic-resources-human-dimensions-energy-production-use, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-population-human-dimensions-population-estimates, earth-science-rocks-minerals-crystals-solid-earth-sedimentary-rocks-coal, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-classification, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SAPHIR on MT1 (PRPS) Radiometer Precipitation Profiling L3 1 day 0.25 x 0.25 degree V06 (GPM_3PRPSMT1SAPHIR_DAY) at GES DISC

Version 6 is the current version of this dataset. Older versions are no longer available and have been superseded by Version 6. The Precipitation Retrieval and Profiling Scheme (PRPS)is designed to provide a best estimate of precipitation based upon matched SAPHIR-DPR observations. This fulfils in part the essence of GPM (and its predecessor, TRMM) in which the core observatory acts as a calibrator of precipitation retrievals for the international constellation of passive microwave instruments. In doing so the retrievals from the partner constellation sensors are able to provide greater temporal sampling and great spatial coverage than is possible from the DPR instrument alone. However, the limitations of the DPR instrument are transferred through the retrieval scheme to the resulting precipitation products. Fundamental to the design of the PRPS is the independence from any dynamic ancillary data sets: the retrieval is based solely upon the satellite radiances, a static a priori radiance-rainrate database (and index), and (static) topographical data. Critically, the technique is independent of any model information, unlike the retrievals generated through the Goddard PROFiling (GPROF) scheme: this independence is advantageous when generating products across time scales from near real-time (inaccessibility to model data) to climatological scales (circumventing trends in model data). The algorithm is designed to generate instantaneous estimates of precipitation at a constant resolution (regardless of scan position), for all scan positions and scan lines. In addition to the actual precipitation estimate, an assessment of the error is made, and a measure of the ‘fit’ of the observations to the database provided. A quality flag is also provided, with any bad data generating a ‘missing flag’ in the retrieval.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Geocryology and Geocryological Zonation of Mongolia, Version 1

The map of Geocryology and Geocryological Zonation of Mongolia was derived from the National Atlas of Mongolia (Sodnom and Yanshin, 1990). The data set depicts the distribution and general properties of permafrost and seasonally frozen ground and locations of specific cryogenic phenomena in Mongolia. Two plates were digitized. One plate, at a scale of 1:12,000,000, depicts four general geocryological zones: continuous and discontinuous permafrost, insular and sparsely insular permafrost, sporadic permafrost, and seasonally frozen ground. The second plate, at a scale of 1:4,500,000, depicts 14 different terrain classifications determined according to elevation, mean annual air temperature, permafrost thickness and thaw depth, and seasonal frozen ground freeze depth. The locations of six specific cryogenic phenomena are also included: perennial frost mounds, icings, thermokarst, cryogenic landslides, solifluction, and cryogenic planation. Data are available via FTP as ESRI shapefiles.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-air-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-active-layer-active-layer, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-ground-ice-ground-ice, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-periglacial-processes-periglacial-processes, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-permafrost-permafrost, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-seasonally-frozen-ground-seasonally-frozen-ground, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-active-layer-active-layer, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-ground-ice-ground-ice, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-periglacial-processes-periglacial-processes, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-permafrost-permafrost, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-seasonally-frozen-ground-seasonally-frozen-ground
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SSMI on F08 (GPROF) Climate-based Radiometer Precipitation Profiling L3 1 month 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree V07 (GPM_3GPROFF08SSMI_CLIM) at GES DISC

Version 7 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by the current version. The "CLIM" products differ from their "regular" counterparts (without the "CLIM" in the name) by the ancillary data they use. They are Climate-Reference products, which requires homogeneous ancillary data over the climate time series. Hence, the ECMWF-Interim (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, 2-3 months lag behind the regular production) reanalysis is used as ancillary data to derive surface and atmospheric conditions required by the GPROF algorithm for the "CLIM" output. The GPROF databases are also adjusted accordingly for these climate-referenced retrievals. 3GPROF products provide global gridded monthly/daily precipitation averages from multiple satellites that can be used for climate studies. The 3GPROF products are based on retrievals from high-quality microwave sensors, which are sensitive to liquid and ice-phase precipitation hydrometeors in the atmosphere.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SSMI on F13 (GPROF) Climate-based Radiometer Precipitation Profiling L3 1 day 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree V07 (GPM_3GPROFF13SSMI_DAY_CLIM) at GES DISC

Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. The "CLIM" products differ from their "regular" counterparts (without the "CLIM" in the name) by the ancillary data they use. They are Climate-Reference products, which requires homogeneous ancillary data over the climate time series. Hence, the ECMWF-Interim (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, 2-3 months lag behind the regular production) reanalysis is used as ancillary data to derive surface and atmospheric conditions required by the GPROF algorithm for the "CLIM" output. The GPROF databases are also adjusted accordingly for these climate-referenced retrievals. 3GPROF products provide global gridded monthly/daily precipitation averages from multiple satellites that can be used for climate studies. The 3GPROF products are based on retrievals from high-quality microwave sensors, which are sensitive to liquid and ice-phase precipitation hydrometeors in the atmosphere.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GeoEye-1 Level 1B Panchromatic Satellite Imagery

The GeoEye-1 Level 1B Panchromatic Imagery collection contains satellite imagery acquired from Maxar Technologies (formerly known as DigitalGlobe) by the Commercial Smallsat Data Acquisition (CSDA) Program. Imagery is collected by the GeoEye-1 satellite using the GeoEye-1 Imaging System across the global land surface from September 2008 to the present. This data product includes panchromatic imagery with a spatial resolution of 0.46m at nadir (0.41m before summer 2013) and a temporal resolution of approximately 3 days. The data are provided in National Imagery Transmission Format (NITF) and GeoTIFF formats. This level 1B data is sensor corrected and is an un-projected (raw) product. The data potentially serve a wide variety of applications that require high resolution imagery. Data access is restricted based on a National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) license, and investigators must be approved by the CSDA Program.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-imagery, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SSMI on F11 (GPROF) Climate-based Radiometer Precipitation Profiling L3 1 month 0.25 degree x 0.25 degree V07 (GPM_3GPROFF11SSMI_CLIM) at GES DISC

Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07. The "CLIM" products differ from their "regular" counterparts (without the "CLIM" in the name) by the ancillary data they use. They are Climate-Reference products, which requires homogeneous ancillary data over the climate time series. Hence, the ECMWF-Interim (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, 2-3 months lag behind the regular production) reanalysis is used as ancillary data to derive surface and atmospheric conditions required by the GPROF algorithm for the "CLIM" output. The GPROF databases are also adjusted accordingly for these climate-referenced retrievals. 3GPROF products provide global gridded monthly/daily precipitation averages from multiple satellites that can be used for climate studies. The 3GPROF products are based on retrievals from high-quality microwave sensors, which are sensitive to liquid and ice-phase precipitation hydrometeors in the atmosphere.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SAPHIR on MT1 (PRPS) Radiometer Precipitation Profiling L3 1 month 0.25 x 0.25 degree V06 (GPM_3PRPSMT1SAPHIR) at GES DISC

Version 6 is the current version of this dataset. Older versions are no longer available and have been superseded by Version 6. The Precipitation Retrieval and Profiling Scheme (PRPS)is designed to provide a best estimate of precipitation based upon matched SAPHIR-DPR observations. This fulfils in part the essence of GPM (and its predecessor, TRMM) in which the core observatory acts as a calibrator of precipitation retrievals for the international constellation of passive microwave instruments. In doing so the retrievals from the partner constellation sensors are able to provide greater temporal sampling and great spatial coverage than is possible from the DPR instrument alone. However, the limitations of the DPR instrument are transferred through the retrieval scheme to the resulting precipitation products. Fundamental to the design of the PRPS is the independence from any dynamic ancillary data sets: the retrieval is based solely upon the satellite radiances, a static a priori radiance-rainrate database (and index), and (static) topographical data. Critically, the technique is independent of any model information, unlike the retrievals generated through the Goddard PROFiling (GPROF) scheme: this independence is advantageous when generating products across time scales from near real-time (inaccessibility to model data) to climatological scales (circumventing trends in model data). The algorithm is designed to generate instantaneous estimates of precipitation at a constant resolution (regardless of scan position), for all scan positions and scan lines. In addition to the actual precipitation estimate, an assessment of the error is made, and a measure of the ‘fit’ of the observations to the database provided. A quality flag is also provided, with any bad data generating a ‘missing flag’ in the retrieval.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GPM SSMI on F13 Common Calibrated Brightness Temperatures L1C 1.5 hours 13 km V07 (GPM_1CF13SSMI) at GES DISC

All 1C products have a common L1C data structure, simple and generic. Each L1C swath includes scan time, latitude and longitude, scan status, quality, incidence angle, Sun glint angle, and the intercalibrated brightness temperature (Tc). One or more swaths are included in a product. The radiometer data are recalibrated to a common basis so that precipitation products derived from them are consistent. 1CSSMIS contains common calibrated brightness temperature from the SSMIS passive microwave instruments flown on the DMSP satellites. Swath S1 has 3 low frequency channels (19V 19H 22V). Swath S2 has 2 low frequency channels (37V 37H). Swath S3 has 4 high frequency channels (150H 183+/-1H 183+/-3H 183+/-7H). S4 has 2 high frequency channels (91V 91H). All the above frequencies are in GHz. Earth observations for all four swaths are taken during a 144o segment of the instrument rotation when SSMIS scans in the direction of foreward satellite motion. We define the spacecraft vector (v) at the center of this segment.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration