AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
High-Fidelity Simulation Aerodynamics Dataset of NACA 0012 and 0021 Airfoils

The repository contains time series data of pressure, viscous and moment forces for the NACA 0012 and 0021 airfoils at angles of attack (AOA), 5, 17, 30, 45, 60 and 90 degrees. The data was generated during the high-fidelity simulations of the airfoils using the open-source CFD code, Nalu-Wind (https://github.com/Exawind/nalu-wind). The research objective was to study the effects of mesh resolution and turbulence model on the three-dimensional deep stall aerodynamics of the airfoils, which has been published in the Journal of Turbulence (https://doi.org/10.1080/14685248.2023.2225141). Several meshes of the O-grid type were generated using the modified Pointwise Glyph script of Carrigan (https://github.com/pointwise/AirfoilMesh) by varying the wall normal and spanwise resolutions. Note that, the geometry was extruded by four chord lengths in the spanwise direction. In the paper, we showed that Improved Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (IDDES) hybrid RANS/LES turbulence model with a minimum of 24 cells per chord length in the spanwise direction is necessary to correctly predict the loads in the deep stall regime. Under the NACA 0012 airfoil directory, the data for several combinations of wall-normal and spanwise resolutions are presented in each of the AOA subdirectories. The corresponding experimental data for the lift and drag polars can be found in the "exp_data" subdirectory. The directory for the NACA 0021 airfoil consists of CFD force data and airfoil polars for Reynolds numbers 2.7e5 and 2.0e6. &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;

Tags: airfoil, deep-stall, iddes-hybrid-rans-les, wind-turbines
Organization: Department of Energy
Q1-2025 Solar Photovoltaic System Cost Benchmarks

The U.S. Department of Energy’s solar office and its national laboratory partners analyze cost data for U.S. solar photovoltaic systems to develop cost benchmarks to measure progress toward goals and guide research and development programs. The cost data is available in an Excel spreadsheet model that can be downloaded here.

Tags: battery-cost-2025, battery-system-cost, pv-cost-2025, pv-module-cost, pv-system-cost
Organization: Department of Energy
Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass and Bioproduct Data Table

The Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Biomass and Bioproduct Data Table was generated using data from biomass and bioproducts (i.e., biochar, pyrolysis oil) supplied by BiCRS project developers. Data was obtained via analytical characterization methodologies listed in the document at the National Laboratory of the Rockies.

Tags: bicrs, biomass
Organization: Department of Energy
Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Variables Matrices

The Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Variables Matrices provide insights related to measured, monitored, reported and verified (MMRV) components (variables) across a BiCRS value chain. Suggested variable values and components to be measured with literature references and context obtained from industry and scientists are provided for several biomass sources, conversion routes and storage scenarios. The Variables Matrices are meant to support life cycle assessment and MMRV efforts for BiCRS projects. These variables and insights may need to be updated in the future as additional information, scientific advancements, and data become available (Version 1 issued in 2025).

Tags: bicrs, biomass, life-cycle-assessment
Organization: Department of Energy
Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) Counterfactual Decision Tree

Counterfactual is the term used to describe a "business-as-usual" scenario which used as a baseline to compare against a new project, allowing the calculation of net impacts for a life cycle analysis (LCA). The choice of counterfactual is critical for determining the results from LCA and must be carefully justified to ensure a fair and accurate comparison. Using forest residues as an example, this decision tree illustrates decision points to be considered for sustainable biomass sourcing and provides a framework for estimating the carbon emissions or storage under the "business-as-usual” scenarios for biomass otherwise destined for use in Biomass for Carbon Removal and Storage (BiCRS) projects.

Tags: bicrs, biomass, decision-tree, life-cycle-analysis
Organization: Department of Energy
Uniformity, Performance, and Durability of Roll-to-Roll-Coated Iridium Oxide Electrolyzer Catalyst Layers

Data for "Uniformity, Performance, and Durability of Roll-to-Roll-Coated Iridium Oxide Electrolyzer Catalyst Layers.” This work investigates the use of roll-to-roll coating methods for the production of iridium oxide catalyst layers for proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers. Catalyst layers were produced using two coating methods: slot die and gravure. The film microstructure and uniformity were investigated by electron microscopy. Membrane electrode assembly testing investigated the impacts of coating method and catalyst layer uniformity on electrolyzer performance and durability.&nbsp;

Tags: electrolysis, roll-to-roll
Organization: Department of Energy
TEAMER: Raw data and three-year modeled velocity from the upper Kuskokwim River at McGrath, Alaska

This dataset and final report from the upper Kuskokwim River at McGrath, Alaska is the result of a recent river resource and siting assessment conducted by the Alaska Center for Energy and Power (ACEP) and Pacific Marine Energy Center (PMEC) at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). This work was requested by the City of McGrath, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Testing and Expertise for Marine Energy (TEAMER) Program and is described in detail in the TEAMER Post Access Report. The aim of the study was to evaluate hydrokinetic river energy (RHK) resources and evaluate potential locations to determine the feasibility of potential RHK development in future to support meeting community energy needs with local renewable energy. 

This submission contains raw acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) data, raw single beam echosounder (SBES) data, raw onset HOBO U20-001-01 and U20L-04 pressure sensor data, global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) data, and bathymetric model outputs. This study focused on the river resource available during the summer open water season (OWS) between May-October and did not evaluate the river resource during the winter (November-April), when the surface of the Kuskokwim River is frozen. The dataset includes raw and processed data and modeling results from fieldwork conducted during the summer OWS in 2024. Fieldwork involved two separate time periods in August (high water) and October 2024 (low water) to capture the variability of the Kuskokwim River at this location during the OWS. A description of the instrumentation, software, and data files is included in the metadata.

The City of McGrath would appreciate being contacted by users of this dataset, primarily to understand how the dataset is being used and if it could lead to future developments that could benefit our community. The City can be contacted via email at 'administrator@cityofmcgrath.org'. 

Tags: adcp, ak, alaska, bathymetric-model, cec, current-energy-converter, delft3d-fm-2d3d, discharge, energy, gnss, hobo, hydrokinetic, hydrokinetic-river-energy, kuskokwim-river, mcgrath, mhk, modeled-velocity, modeling, open-water-season, ows, power, processed-data, raw-data, rhk, rhk-development, river-characterization, river-resource, sbes, teamer, teledyne-riverpro, upper-kuskokwim-river, usa, water-velocity
Organization: Department of Energy
LLMs for EV Infrastructure Permitting

The Electric Vehicle (EV) charging permitting processes' database is a novel, multi-jurisdictional resource designed to contain the required codes and compliances in a structured database. Within this database are three tables, each structured with 287 columns, designed to capture detailed information spanning electrical, structural, zoning, and accessibility aspects, along with data regarding fees, reviews, and process durations. The database contains 99 state-level documents pertaining to 36 U.S. states, in addition to 87 county-level and 101 city-level documents, thus offering a complete overview of guidance and practices regarding permitting.

The data was gathered via an Azure-hosted GPT-4o workflow, supplemented by targeted manual Google searches. State and county materials were located and extracted using the GPT-4o model. The Large Language Models (LLM) were used in conjunction with the decision tree framework with targeted prompts to extract the key information. The structured database incorporates Tables 1-3 included below as resources, as well as Table 4 which provides the scores for each document based on the scoring criteria in the paper (to be added after publication). The database can be used to compare and identify the patterns and trends in the requirements across different authorities having jurisdictions. This resource can be used by researchers, policymakers, and project teams.

Note: LLMs are known to make mistakes in interpreting complex procedural documents and therefore no one should rely solely on this database to inform their own real-world EV infrastructure projects.

Other content to navigate the database can be found in the "Database Information" resource below. 

Tags: accessibility, accessibility-requirements, building-requirements, code, compliance, data, database, electric-vehicle, electrical, electrical-requirements, energy, ev, ev-charging, large-language-model, llm, model, permit, permitting, permitting-process, raw-data, structural, transportation, united-states, zoning
Organization: Department of Energy
The Missing Correlation Between the Potential Rate Impacts of Rooftop Solar and the Timing of State Net Metering Policy Revisions

Data supporting the article “The Missing Correlation Between the Potential Rate Impacts of Rooftop Solar and the Timing of State Net Metering Policy Revisions” (https://www.nlr.gov/docs/fy25osti/93543.pdf).&nbsp;&nbsp;Residential solar photovoltaic (PV) output in most states is credited at the retail electricity rate, a policy commonly known as net metering. Twelve states have replaced net metering with alternative rate structures that reduce PV adopter bill savings. Proponents of these revisions argue that net metering increases the electricity rates of customers without PV. Here, we analyze the degree to which the timelines of net metering revisions have correlated with potential electricity rate impacts. We estimate that potential rate impacts at the end of 2023 were less than 1% of typical customer bills in 37 of 44 states that have offered net metering. There are no statistically significant differences in average or median estimated rate impacts between states that have and have not revised net metering. Nine of the states that had revised net metering did so when estimated impacts were less than 1% of typical customer bills. Many states have retained net metering into higher PV deployment levels with increased risk of potential rate impacts. Only two states-California and Hawaii-retained net metering beyond estimated rate impacts of 5%, and both have revised net metering. These findings do not suggest a clear, consistent link between net metering revision timelines and potential rate impacts. The timing and nature of net metering revisions are ultimately policy decisions based on state-level priorities and considerations.&nbsp;

Tags: net-metering, rates, solar
Organization: Department of Energy
Manufacturing Thermal Energy Use in 2014

The first data set estimates thermal energy use (i.e., fuels combusted for process heating, boilers, and combined heat and power/cogeneration) by end use, temperature, county, and facility employment size class for all U.S. manufacturing industries in 2014. The estimation methodology builds off of prior estimates of industrial energy use (https://dx.doi.org/10.7799/1481899, https://dx.doi.org/10.7799/1461488).&nbsp;The second data set estimates hourly heat load (as a fraction of annual energy used for heat) using hourly observations of industrial boiler and combined heat and power/cogeneration heat load from EPA's Air Markets Program Data, weekly operating hours in 2014 from Census Quarterly Survey of Plant Capacity Utilization, and annual production hours reported by assessments conducted by Industrial Assessment Centers.&nbsp;ERRATA:&nbsp;Representative heat load shapes were revised based on an updated estimation methodology. Hourly heat load relative to peak load is estimated by NAICS code, employment size class, month, day of week (Monday == 0) for a range of average weekly operating hours for boilers and process heating. The high and low operating hours values represent the 95% confidence interval of average weekly operating hours.

Tags: boilers, chp, cogeneration, manufacturing, process-heat, temperature, thermal-energy
Organization: Department of Energy
Data Files for the 2019 Next-Generation National Household Travel Survey - Origin-Destination Data Addendum for the Georgia Region

The 2019 Next-Generation National Household Travel Survey – Origin-Destination Data Addendum for the Georgia Region covers the state of Georgia and 37 counties in surrounding states. An addendum to the nationwide version of the study, also conducted in 2019, this regional survey provided additional information and spatial granularity about people’s movements to, from, and within the areas under study.&nbsp;Data were collected in two zones: the core area (census blocks within the state of Georgia) and the halo area (37 counties bordering Georgia in Florida, Alabama, Tennessee, North Carolina, and South Carolina). All trips were assigned an origin zone and a destination zone, as well as a travel mode, purpose, and distance. Sociodemographic information related to age, income, and gender was also collected.Visit NREL’s Transportation Secure Data Center for additional data and documentation pertaining to this travel survey.

Tags: georgia, transportation-data, transportation-secure-data-center, travel-surveys, tsdc
Organization: Department of Energy
Data for "Rapid monitoring of fermentations – a feasibility study on biological 2,3-butanediol production"

Raw data associated with the manuscript, "Rapid monitoring of fermentations – a feasibility study on biological 2,3-butanediol production"

Tags: 23-bdo, chemometrics, fermentation-monitoring, nir-spectroscopy, partial-least-squares-regression, process-analytical-chemistry
Organization: Department of Energy
TEAMER: Simulation Data of Displacement and Thrust for the Electrically Engaged UnduLation (EEL) Marine Energy System

This dataset contains time-series simulation data generated by Pyro-E LLC using Simcenter STAR-CCM+ that characterizes the hydromechanical behavior of the Electrically Engaged unduLation (EEL) marine energy system. Data include measurements of tail displacements in the X and Z directions and estimates of horizontal and vertical thrust forces produced by the EEL device. Simulations were conducted for incident wave periods of 1, 3, and 9 seconds, across wave heights from 0.1 m to 1.6 m. All data are stored in CSV format, with units indicated in column headers. Data files are organized and named via wave period and height in the archive below.

Physical testing by Pyro-E informed these simulations, which were performed in collaboration with Oak Ridge National Laboratory to assess the material response of the EEL system under varying hydrodynamic conditions. The data complement the accompanying public report titled "Electrically Engaged UnduLation (EEL) Marine Energy System."

This data collection was funded by TEAMER RFTS 2 (request for technical support) program.

Tags: displacement-data, eel, electrically-engaged-undulation, energy, hydrodynamic-simulation, hydrokinetic, marine, mhk, model, modeled-data, power, rfts-2, simcenter-star-ccm, teamer, thrust-data, time-series-data, wave-energy-converter
Organization: Department of Energy
Data Supplement - Electrification Pathways for U.S. Passenger Vehicles

This file includes light-duty vehicle (LDV) stock, sales, and energy and emissions data for the scenarios reported in "Electrification Pathways for U.S. Passenger Vehicles." Data is reported annually at the national level for the United States for each of the six scenarios described in the accompanying paper.

Tags: electric-vehicles, light-duty-vehicle
Organization: Department of Energy
Inputs and Outputs for "A Resource Adequacy Assessment of Correlated Wide-Area Outages in the Power Grid”

This readme describes the input and output files associated with the study “A Resource Adequacy Assessment of Correlated Wide-Area Outages in the Power Grid” (DOI: 10.1088/2753-3751/add465). Specifically, it contains both the inputs and outputs of Probabilistic Resource Adequacy Suite (PRAS) simulations across different weather uncertainties (WUs) for baseline conditions and a hurricane-inspired wide-area extreme event (HI-WAEE).

Tags: extreme-events, photovoltaics, pras, probabilistic-resource-adequacy-suite, resource-adequacy, wide-area
Organization: Department of Energy
Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the United States

Hourly one-week electricity demand profiles for electric transit bus depots in the United States, as described in Liu et al. (2025).Please cite as:Liu, Bo, Tim Jonas, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Electric Transit Bus Depots in the United States. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5400-92140. https://www.nlr.gov/docs/fy25osti/92140.pdf&nbsp;

Tags: depots, electric-vehicles, load-profiles, transit-buses
Organization: Department of Energy
Modeled Electricity Demand Profiles for Electric Port Cargo Handling Equipment in the United States

Electric port cargo handling equipment (eCHE) hourly load datasets for the top 25 U.S. cargo airports (by tonnage), as described in Polemis et al. (2025).Please cite as:Polemis, Katerina, Andrew Kotz, Kara Podkaminer, and Brennan Borlaug. 2025. Hourly Load Profile Dataset for Electric Port Cargo Handling Equipment in the United States. Golden, CO: National Renewable Energy Laboratory. NREL/TP-5400-92141. https://www.nlr.gov/docs/fy25osti/92141.pdf

Tags: cargo-handling-equipment, electric-vehicles, load-profiles, ports
Organization: Department of Energy
Utah FORGE: Triggered DAS and Continuous Downhole Geophone Data from April 2024 Stimulations

This dataset contains distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) and downhole geophone data collected during the April 2024 stimulation experiments at the Utah FORGE site. DAS data were acquired from well 16B(78)-32 by Neubrex and processed by GeoEnergie Suisse (GES), covering the period from April 1 to April 19, 2024. The DAS data are stored in a non-standard SEGY format due to trace lengths exceeding compatibility limits in standard tools such as ObsPy. To facilitate use, a custom Python module is included for reading the data into ObsPy streams. The DAS files are sampled at 4000 Hz with 12-second traces (48,000 samples per trace), and timestamp information includes millisecond and microsecond precision via custom header fields.

The dataset also includes continuous downhole geophone data, available in both raw and curated forms, with some data gaps. These data were recorded from March 28 to April 17, 2024, using instruments deployed in three wells: 58-32, 78B-32, and 56-32. The curated geophone data include detailed metadata, local receiver coordinates, and documentation on outages and instrument changes. Sampling rates vary by well and tool: GES tools in wells 56-32 and 78B-32 recorded at 4000 Hz, while SLB instrumentation in well 58-32 used a 2000 Hz sampling rate. Note that the data from 58-32 were not synchronized with the other wells, and usage is only recommended after extensive quality control.


Tags: 16b78-32, 56-32, 58-32, aprill-2024, countinuous-data, das, distributed-acoustic-sensing, downhole, downhole-seismic, egs, energy, geoenergie-suisse, geophones, geophysics, geothermal, ges, hydraulic-fracturing, monitoring-well, neubrex, processed-data, raw-data, seismic, stimulation, triggered-events, utah-forge
Organization: Department of Energy
Data for "High dopant activation in arsenic doped single-crystal CdTe thin films: Insights from MBE growth and rapid thermal processing"

Data for publication "High dopant activation in arsenic doped single-crystal CdTe thin films: Insights from MBE growth and rapid thermal processing" by Hongling Lott, Andrea T. Mathew, Matt R. Young, Alexander Goldstone, Anthony Rice, Matthew O. Reese, and Eric Colegrove for publication in APL Materials.&nbsp;

Tags: cdte, group-v-doping, molecular-beam-epitaxy, photovoltaics, single-crystal, thin-film
Organization: Department of Energy
Workbooks for Cambium 2024 Data

These workbooks contain a subset of cost and emissions data from the 2024 Cambium datasets, with levelization calculations to assist users in translating Cambium’s year-over-year values to a representative value for a user-specified project timeline.&nbsp;These workbooks provide modeled data for 18 GEA regions covering the contiguous United States, projected forward through 2050. Mappings of these regions to ZIP codes and counties is given within this workbook in the corresponding tabs.&nbsp;For the full Cambium 2024 data sets, see the Cambium 2024 project on NREL's Scenario Viewer. For more details on input assumptions and methodology see the associated report: Cambium 2024 Scenario Descriptions and Documentation. Users are advised to review section 4 of the report, which discusses limitations and caveats of the data.&nbsp;This data is planned to be updated annually. Information on the latest versions can be found on the NREL energy analysis page on Cambium.

Tags: data, electricity, projection, reeds
Organization: Department of Energy
Characterization for Creek Tides Energy and Power Reversible Blade Turbine

Reactive reversible blade turbine (RRBT) is a new technology which provides a solution to hydro-power generation from slow-moving currents such as rivers, tides, and oceans. It features blades that pivot to capture the maximum force of the water current and then pivot again to a neutral position to minimize drag, allowing the turbine to continuously create torque.

This data set characterize the power performance of the RRBT for power generation for different loads and incoming flow speeds. The ZIP file contains folders for 9 different loads, each containing files for various flow speeds. 

Tags: currents, data, energy, generation, hydropower, marine, pivot, power-performance, reactive-reversible-blade, reactive-reversible-blade-turbine, reversible, rrbt, teamer, technology, turbine
Organization: Department of Energy
2019 Annual Technology Baseline ATB Cost and Performance Data for Electricity Generation Technologies

Starting in 2015 NREL has presented the Annual Technology Baseline ATB in an Excel workbook that contains detailed cost and performance data both current and projected for renewable and conventional technologies. The workbook includes a spreadsheet for each technology. This updated version of the workbook provides data for the 2019 ATB. This year NREL is also providing a packaged Tableau workbook and structured summary csv files. A website documents this data at https//atb.nrel.gov.

Tags: battery-energy-storage, capacity-factor, capex, capital-expenditures, concentrating-solar-power, cost-and-performance, geothermal, hydropower, lcoe, levelized-cost-of-energy, om, operations-and-maintenance, overnight-capital-cost, photovoltaic, projection, pv, re, renewable-energy, united-states, wind
Organization: Department of Energy