AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P OSIWAC 4 PRL-MTP006 RDR-STR-REFL V1.0

This CODMAC level 4 data set contains solar stray light corrected, radiometric calibrated and geometric distortion corrected (resampled) image data in in reflectance units (normalized and thus without unit), acquired by the OSIRIS Wide Angle Camera on the Rosetta spacecraft during the PRELANDING mission phase, covering the period from 2014-08-01T10:00:00.000 to 2014-09-02T09:59:59.000. The prime target is comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko 1 (1969 R1). This version V1.0 is the first version of this dataset: Lien corrected dataset after October 2018 PSA/PDS external peer review.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Transcriptional and Post transcriptional Regulation of Seedling Development in Microgravity

The project focuses on understanding the transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms that regulate early seedling development in spaceflight and microgravity. One of the goals of  the PRR experiment was to study the role of small regulatory RNAs in plant response to the space environment using Arabidopsis thaliana.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spaceflight-induced (STS-62) vertebral bone loss in ovariectomized rats is associated with increased bone marrow adiposity and no change in bone formation

There is often a reciprocal relationship between bone marrow adipocytes and osteoblasts, suggesting that marrow adipose tissue (MAT) antagonizes osteoblast differentiation. MAT is increased in rodents during spaceflight but a causal relationship between MAT and bone loss remains unclear. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a 14-day spaceflight on bone mass, bone resorption, bone formation, and MAT in lumbar vertebrae of ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Twelve-week-old OVX Fischer 344 rats were randomly assigned to a ground control or flight group. Following flight, histological sections of the second lumbar vertebrae (n equals 11/group) were stained using a technique that allowed simultaneous quantification of cells and preflight fluorochrome label. Compared with ground controls, rats flown in space had 32% lower cancellous bone area and 306% higher MAT. The increased adiposity was due to an increase in adipocyte number (224%) and size (26%). Mineral apposition rate and osteoblast turnover were unchanged during spaceflight. In contrast, resorption of a preflight fluorochrome and osteoclast-lined bone perimeter were increased (16% and 229%, respectively). The present findings indicate that cancellous bone loss in rat lumbar vertebrae during spaceflight is accompanied by increased bone resorption and MAT but no change in bone formation. These findings do not support the hypothesis that increased MAT during spaceflight reduces osteoblast activity or lifespan. However, in the context of ovarian hormone deficiency, bone formation during spaceflight was insufficient to balance increased resorption, indicating defective coupling. The results are therefore consistent with the hypothesis that during spaceflight mesenchymal stem cells are diverted to adipocytes at the expense of forming osteoblasts. This dataset derives results from the bone histomorphometry assay.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Vela 5B All-Sky Monitor Lightcurves

Data for these sources were obtained from the Vela 5B all-sky XC detector. The Vela 5B nuclear test detection satellite was part of a program run jointly by the Advanced Research Projects of the U.S. Department of Defense and the U.S.Atomic Energy Commission, managed by the U.S. Air Force. It was placed in a nearly circular orbit at a geocentric distance of ~118,000 km on 23 May 1969; the orbital period was ~112 hours. The satellite rotated about its spin axis with a ~64-sec period. The X-ray detector was located ~90 degrees from the spin axis, and so covered the celestial sphere twice per satellite orbit. Data were telemetered in 1-sec count accumulations. Vela 5B operated until 19 June 1979, although telemetry tracking was poor after mid-1976. The scintillation X-ray detector (XC) aboard Vela 5B consisted of two 1-mm-thick NaI(Tl) crystals mounted on photomultiplier tubes and covered by a 5-mil-thick beryllium window. Electronic thresholds provided two energy channels, 3-12 keV and 6-12 keV. In front of each crystal was a slat collimator providing a FWHM aperture of ~6.1x6.1 degrees. The effective detector area was ~26 sq-cm. Sensitivity to celestial sources was severely limited by the intrinsic detector background of ~36 cts/sec. The Vela 5B X-ray detector yielded ~40 cts/sec for the Crab, so 1 Vela ct/sec ~25 UFU~4.5E-10 ergs/sq-cm/sec in the 3-12 keV response band. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VOYAGER 1 SATURN PLASMA DERIVED ELECTRON BROWSE 96 SEC

THIS DATA SET CONTAINS THE THERMAL ELECTRON DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE IN THE PLS ENERGY RANGE (10-5950 EV) FROM VOYAGER 1 AT SATURN DERIVED BY FITTING THE LOW ENERGY ELECTRON COMPONENT WITH A MAXWELLIAN DISTRIBUTION, AND THE MOMENT DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE OF THE HOT ELECTRONS CALCULATED AFTER THE SIGNAL FROM THE THERMAL COMPONENT IS SUBTRACTED FROM THE ELECTRON SPECTRA. IT IS A SUBSET OF THE DATA SET VG1-S-PLS-5-ELE-FIT-96.0SEC WHICH SHOULD BE OBTAINED BEFORE THIS DATA IS USED. SPACECRAFT CHARGING MAY RESULT IN FACTOR OF 2-3 ERRORS IN THE THERMAL ELECTRON DENSITY. THE FIRST SIX COLUMNS ARE THE TIME TAG (YEAR, DAY, HOUR, MIN, SEC, MSEC), COLUMN 7 AND 8 ARE THE FIT DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE OF THE THERMAL ELECTRON COMPONENT, AND 9 AND 10 ARE THE MOMENT DENSITY AND TEMPERATURE OF THE SUPRATHERMAL ELECTRONS. EACH ROW HAS THE FORMAT (6I5,4E12.4). VALUES OF 1.E32 INDICATE THAT THE PARAMETER COULD NOT BE OBTAINED FROM THE DATA USING THE STANDARD ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT THIS DATASET AND THE INSTRUMENT WHICH PRODUCED IT CAN BE FOUND ELSEWHERE IN THIS CATALOG. AN OVERVIEW OF THE DATA IN THIS DATA SET CAN BE FOUND IN SITTLER ET AL. (1983) AND A COMPLETE INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION CAN BE FOUND IN BRIDGE (1977).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER LUTETIA OSIWAC 4 AST2 RDR V1.0

This CODMAC level 4 data set contains radiometric calibrated and geometric distortion corrected (resampled) image data in W/m^2/sr/nm,  acquired by the OSIRIS Wide Angle Camera on the Rosetta spacecraft  during the LUTETIA FLY-BY mission phase, covering the period  from 2010-05-17T00:00:00.000 to 2010-09-03T23:59:59.000. The prime target is asteroid 21 Lutetia. This version V1.0 is the first version of this dataset.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Draft Genome Sequences of novel Agrobacterium genomospecies 3 Associated from the International Space Station

The whole-genome sequences (WGS) of three pathogenic bacterial strains collected from the International Space Station (ISS) were generated and identified as being part of Class Alphaproteobacteria. The WGS studies would enable further genomic/biochemical characterization of taxa for these bacteria that have been subjected to the microgravity conditions of space.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VLA-COSMOS 3-GHz Large Project Source Catalog

This table contains some of the results from the VLA-COSMOS 3-GHz Large Project based on 384 hours of observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) at 3 GHz (10 cm) toward the 2 square degree Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field. The final mosaic reaches a median rms of 2.3 &micro;Jy (&micro;Jy) beam&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; over the 2 square degrees at an angular resolution of 0.75 arcseconds. To fully account for the spectral shape and resolution variations across the broad (2-GHz) band, the authors imaged all the data with a multiscale, multifrequency synthesis algorithm. In this table, the catalog of 10,830 radio sources down to 5 sigma is presented, out of which 67 are combined from multiple components. Comparing the positions of these 3-GHz sources with those from the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA)-COSMOS survey, the authors estimate that the astrometry is accurate to 0.01 arcseconds at the bright end (signal-to-noise ratio, S/N&lt;sub&gt;3GHz&lt;/sub&gt; &gt; 20). Survival analysis on these data combined with the VLA-COSMOS 1.4-GHz Joint Project catalog yields an expected median radio spectral index alpha = -0.7. The authors compute completeness corrections via Monte Carlo simulations to derive the corrected 3-GHz source counts. Their counts are in agreement with previously derived 3-GHz counts based on single-pointing (0.087 square degrees) VLA data. In summary, the VLA-COSMOS 3-GHz Large Project simultaneously provides the largest and deepest radio continuum survey at high (0.75&quot;) angular resolution to date, bridging the gap between last-generation and next-generation surveys. The catalog contains sources selected down to a 5-sigma (where sigma ~2.3 &micro;Jy/beam) threshold. This catalog can be used for statistical analyses, accompanied with the corrections given in the data &amp; catalog release paper. All completeness and bias corrections and source counts presented in the paper were calculated using this sample. The total fraction of spurious sources in the COSMOS 2 sq.deg. field is below 2.7% within this catalog. However, an increase of spurious sources up to 24% at 5.0 &lt; S/N &lt; 5.5 is present (for details see Sec. 5.2., Fig. 17 and Table 3 of the reference paper). A subsample with a minimal spurious source fraction can be selected by requiring an additional cutoff S/N &gt;= 5.5 for single component sources (MULTI=0). The total fraction of spurious sources in the COSMOS 2 sq.deg. field within such a selected sample is below 0.4%, and the fraction of spurious sources is below 3% even at the lowest S/N of 5.5. This table was created by the HEASARC in June 2017 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/A+A/602/A1"&gt;CDS Catalog J/A+A/602/A1&lt;/a&gt; file table1.dat, the VLA-COSMOS 3-GHz radio source catalog. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HERITAGE LMC PACS 100 micron Catalog

The HERschel Inventory of The Agents of Galaxy Evolution (HERITAGE) open time key program mapped the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) at 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500 microns using Herschel's PACS and SPIRE instruments. The overriding science goal of HERITAGE is to study the life cycle of matter as traced by dust in the LMC and SMC.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-LANDER CAL COSAC 2 PDCS V1.0

This archive contains edited data (CODMAC level 2) from the COSAC instrument onboard ROSETTA Lander, acquired during the PDCS (comet) phase. It also contains documentation which describes the COSAC experiment. The data archived in this data set conform to the Planetary Data System (PDS) Standards, Version 3.6.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ginga ASM Source Lightcurves

The GINGAASMLC database table contains information derived from the FITS lightcurves obtained with the ASM on board the Ginga mission. The lightcurves are rates as function of time, and they can be used with the general FITS tools within HEAsoft or XRONOS. The FITS lightcurves are a copy of the GINGA ASM lightcurves hosted at the DARTS archive at ISAS (&lt;a href="https://darts.isas.jaxa.jp/astro/ginga/"&gt;https://darts.isas.jaxa.jp/astro/ginga/&lt;/a&gt;). The plots in GIF format were generated by the HEASARC. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MARS EXPRESS MARS MRS 1/2/3 EXTENDED MISSION 5 3875 V1.0

This is a Mars Express Radio Science data set, collected during the extended mission phase 2015-01-01 to 2016-12-31. It is a Occultation measurement and covers the time 2016-12-20T00:58:01 to 2016-12-20T01:43:00.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Fifteen days of microgravity causes growth in calvaria of mice (STS-131)

Bone growth may occur in spaceflight as a response to skeletal unloading and head-ward fluid shifts. While unloading causes significant loss of bone mass and density in legs of animals exposed to microgravity, increased blood and interstitial fluid flows accompanying microgravity-induced fluid redistribution may elicit an opposite effect in the head. Seven 23-week-old, adult female wild-type C57BL/6 mice were randomly chosen for exposure to 15 days of microgravity on the STS-131 mission, while eight female littermates served as ground controls. Upon mission completion, all 15 murine calvariae were imaged on a micro-computed tomography scanner. A standardized rectangular volume was placed on the parietal bones of each calvaria for analyses, and three parameters were determined to measure increased parietal bone volume: bone volume (BV), average cortical thickness (Ct.Th), and tissue mineral density (TMD). Microgravity exposure caused a statistically significant increase in BV of the spaceflight (SF) group compared to that of the ground control (GC) group, the mean BV ± SD for the SF group was 1.904 ± 0.842 mm3, compared to 1.758 ± 0.122 mm3 for the GC group (p less than 0.05). Ct.Th demonstrated a trend of increase from 0.099 ± 0.006 mm in the GC group to 0.104 ± 0.005 mm in the SF group (p equals 0.12). TMD was similar between the two groups with 0.878 ± 0.029 g/cm3 for the GC group and 0.893 ± 0.028 g/cm3 for the SF group (p equals 0.31). Our results indicate that microgravity causes responsive changes in calvarial bones that do not normally bear weight. These findings suggest that fluid shifts alone accompanying microgravity may initiate bone adaptation independent of skeletal loading by tissue. This dataset was derived from the literature, and contains only grouped mCT data from the calvaria.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
CGRO/OSSE Observations

This database table is based on the set of OSSE observation data products available at the HEASARC. The Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) is one of four experiments on NASA&#39;s Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) satellite. OSSE was designed to undertake comprehensive gamma-ray observations of astrophysical sources in the 0.05-10 MeV energy range. The instrument also had secondary capabilities for gamma-ray and neutron observations above 10 MeV that are of particular value for solar flare studies. This database table was last updated in August 2005. Some duplicate entries in the table were removed in June 2019. The data in this table was supplied by the CGRO Science Support Center. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MARS EXPRESS MARS MRS 1/2/3 EXTENDED MISSION 7 3977 V1.0

This is a Mars Express Radio Science data set, collected during the extended mission phase 2019-01-01 to 2020-12-31. It is a Occultation measurement and covers the time 2019-03-15T09:45:56.299 to 2019-03-15T10:08:04.700.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Bulk RNA sequencing and spatially resolved transcriptional profiling of hippocampi from mice flown on the RRRM-2 mission

In the Rodent Research Reference Mission (RRRM-2), forty female C57BL/6NTac mice were flown on the International Space Station. To assess differences in outcomes due to age, twenty 12 week-old and twenty 29 week-old mice were flown, respectively. To directly assess spaceflight effects, half of the young and old mice (10 old, 10 young) were sacrificed on-orbit after 55-58 days (ISS Terminal, ISS-T), while the other half (10 old, 10 young) were returned live to Earth after 32 days and allowed to recover for 24 days (Live Animal Return, LAR) before sacrifice. ISS-T and LAR mice were the same age at sacrifice. Both the ISS-T and LAR animals had independent ground controls (10 mice per group housed in flight hardware in matched environmental conditions), basal controls (10 mice per group sacrificed 2 days before launch), and vivarium controls (10 mice per group housed within standard vivarium habitats). Thus RRRM-2 included a total of 160 mice. This study includes bulk RNA sequencing and spatially resolved transcriptional profiling data from hippocampi from 5 old ISS-T flight animals, 3 old ISS-T ground control (GC) animals, 4 (bulk RNAseq) or 5 (spatial transcriptomics) young ISS-T flight animals, 3 young ISS-T GC animals, 3 old LAR flight animals, 3 old LAR GC animals, 3 young LAR flight animals, and 3 young LAR GC animals. Hippocampi from the right hemisphere were either processed for bulk RNA sequencing or embedded and cryosectioned. Cryosections were placed on gene expression arrays, stained and imaged. Imaging was followed by tissue permeabilization to release mRNA molecules from cells for capture onto the array surface. Subsequently, spatial transcriptomics libraries were prepared and sequenced.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Transcriptional profiling of heart tissue from mice flown on the RRRM-2 mission

In the Rodent Research Reference Mission (RRRM-2), forty female C57BL/6NTac mice were flown on the International Space Station. To assess differences in outcomes due to age, twenty 12 week-old and twenty 29 week-old mice were flown, respectively. To directly assess spaceflight effects, half of the young and old mice (10 old, 10 young) were sacrificed on-orbit after 55-58 days (ISS Terminal, ISS-T), while the other half (10 old, 10 young) were returned live to Earth after 32 days and allowed to recover for 24 days (Live Animal Return, LAR) before sacrifice. ISS-T and LAR mice were the same age at sacrifice. Both the ISS-T and LAR animals had independent ground controls (GC; 10 mice per group housed in flight hardware in matched environmental conditions), basal controls (BSL; 10 mice per group sacrificed 2 days before launch), and vivarium controls (VIV; 10 mice per group housed within standard vivarium habitats). Thus RRRM-2 included a total of 160 mice. This study includes bulk RNA sequencing ribodepleted gene expression data from hearts from 5 old and 5 young animals from each of the following groups: LAR basal, LAR ground control, LAR vivarium control, LAR flight, ISS-T basal, ISS-T ground control, and ISS-T flight. The ISS-T vivarium control young group has only 3 animals due to quality control issues.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VG2 JUP PLS DERIVED ION INBOUND SOLARWIND 96SEC V1.0

This data set contains solar wind plasma     data upstream of Jupiter before the Voyager 2 encounter. Fit and moment     parameters are given; the fit parameters assume a convected isotropic     proton Maxwellian distribution. Use of fit parameters is recommended as     these are normally more accurate. Since only the first 72 or last 72     energy/charge channels are telemetered to Earth from each M-mode spectra,     derived parameters change significantly only every other set of spectra     so the effective time resolution is 196 s.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VLA 1.5-GHz North Ecliptic Pole Survey

The VLANEP database contains the VLA-NEP survey of 29.3 square degrees around the North Ecliptic Pole mapped with the VLA at 20 cm (1.5 GHz) in the `C-configuration`. The database table contains 2435 radio sources with flux densities ranging from 0.3 to 1000 mJy, including over 200 fainter than 1 mJy. Source positions have been corrected for instrumental effects, and most positions are accurate to less than 2 arcseconds. The sensitivity varies from field to field, with the 1 sigma level being approximately 0.06 mJy at the center of the inner fields and 0.12 mJy at the center of the outer fields. Sensitivity drops with distance from the center of each field due to the primary beam response of the VLA antennas and interferometer effects. Source flux densities have been corrected for these effects. The spatial resolution varies from field to field, with the typical HPBW being 20 arcseconds. Source positions have been corrected for instrumental effects, and most positions are accurate to less than 2 arcseconds. Approximately 6% of the sources were found to be extended with angular sizes greater than 30 arcseconds. This catalog was recreated at the HEASARC in February 2001 (replacing a previous version: some parameters were renamed, and the source names were changed to the format recommended for VLA-NEP sources in the Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects maintained at the CDS) based on CDS/ADC Catalog J/ApJS/93/145/table2. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Utilizing the KSC Fixation Tube to Conduct Human-Tended Plant Biology Experiments on a Suborbital Spaceflight

Suborbital spaceflights now enable human-tended research investigating short-term gravitational effects in biological systems, eliminating the need for complex automation. Here, we discuss a method utilizing KSC Fixation Tubes (KFTs) to both carry biology to suborbital space as well as fix that biology at certain stages of flight. Plants on support media were inserted into the sample side of KFTs preloaded with RNAlater in the fixation chamber. The KFTs were activated at various stages of a simulated flight to fix the plants. RNA-seq analysis conducted on tissue samples housed in KFTs, showed that plants behaved consistently in KFTs when compared to petri-plates. Over the time course, roots adjusted to hypoxia and leaves adjusted to changes in photosynthesis. These responses were due in part to the environment imposed by the encased triple containment of the KFTs, which is a requirement for flight in human spacecraft. While plants exhibited expected reproducible transcriptomic alteration over time in the KFTs, responses to clinorotation during the simulated flight suggest that transcriptomic responses to suborbital spaceflight can be examined using this approach.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DeepDrill ELAIS S1 4.5 micron Catalog

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will observe several Deep Drilling Fields (DDFs) to a greater depth and with a more rapid cadence than the main survey. The "DeepDrill" survey (Program ID 11086, P.I. Lacy) used the Spitzer Space Telescope Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) to observe three of the four currently defined DDFs in two bands, centered on 3.6 um and 4.5 um. These observations expand the area which was covered by an earlier set of observations in these three fields by the Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (SERVS). The combined DeepDrill and SERVS data cover the footprints of the LSST DDFs in the Extended Chandra Deep Field-South field (ECDFS), the ELAIS-S1 field (ES1), and the XMM-Large-Scale Structure Survey field (XMM-LSS).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VG2 URA MAG RESAMPLED RDR U1 COORDINATES                                      9.6SEC V1.0

This data set includes data from the          Low Field Magnetometer (LFM) in the solar wind during the Uranus          encounter. The encounter data (1986-01-24T07:00:00  ->          1986-01-25T04:00:00) have been averaged from the 1.92 second          averaged data to a 9.6 second resampled rate and are provided in          the Uranus Longitude (U1) coordinate system. Magnetometer data          in the solar wind are given in Heliographic coordinates.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration