Solar Techno-economic Exclusion

<div style='text-align:Left;'><div><p><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>The site suitability criteria
included in the techno-economic land use screens are listed below. As this list
is an update to previous cycles, tribal lands, prime farmland, and flood zones
are not included as they are not technically infeasible for development. The
techno-economic site suitability exclusion thresholds are presented in Table 1.
Distances indicate the minimum distance from each feature for commercial scale
solar development.</span></p><p><u><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'><b><font size='4'>Attributes:</font></b></span></u></p><p style='margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Steeply sloped areas:</span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'> change in
vertical elevation compared to horizontal distance</span></p><p style='margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Population
density: </span></b><span style='font-family:Arial, sans-serif;'>the number of people living in a 1 km<sup>2 </sup>area</span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Urban
areas: </span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>defined by the U.S. Census.<sup>8</sup></span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Water
bodies: </span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>defined by the U.S. National Atlas Water Feature Areas,
available from Argonne National Lab Energy Zone Mapping Tool<sup>9</sup></span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Railways:
</span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>a comprehensive database of North America's railway system from
the<b> </b>Federal Railroad Administration (FRA), available from Argonne
National Lab Energy Zone Mapping Tool</span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Major
highways:</span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'> available from ESRI Living Atlas<sup>10</sup></span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Airports:</span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>
The Airports dataset including other aviation facilities as of July 13, 2018 is
part of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT)/Bureau of Transportation
Statistics' (BTS's) National Transportation Atlas Database (NTAD). The
Airports database is a geographic point database of aircraft landing facilities
in the United States and U.S. Territories. Attribute data is provided </span><span style='font-family:Arial, sans-serif;'>on the physical
and operational characteristics of the landing facility, current usage
including enplanements and aircraft operations, congestion levels and usage
categories. This geospatial data is derived from the FAA's National Airspace
System Resource Aeronautical Data Product. Available from Argonne National Lab
Energy Zone Mapping Tool</span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Active
mines:</span></b><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'> Active Mines and Mineral Processing Plants in the United
States in 2003<sup>11</sup></span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'><b>Military Lands:</b> Land owned by the federal government that is part of  a US military base, camp, post, station, yard, center or installation.</span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'><font face='Arial, sans-serif' size='3' style='background-color:rgb(255, 255, 255);'><br /></font></p><p style='text-align:center;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Table
1</span></p><p style='margin-top:0in; margin-right:0in; margin-bottom:0in; margin-left:1.0in;'>

</p><div align='center'>

<table border='1' cellpadding='0' cellspacing='0' style='border-collapse:collapse; border:none;'>
 <tbody><tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; background:#44546A; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in; text-align:center;'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; color:white;'> </span></b></p>
  </td>
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left:none; background:#44546A; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in; text-align:center;'><b><span style='font-size:9.0pt; color:white;'>Solar</span></b></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Steeply sloped areas</span></p>
  </td>
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&gt;10<sup>o</sup></span></p>
  </td>
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Population density</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&gt;100/km<sup>2</sup></span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Capacity
  factor</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;20%</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr style='height:24.0pt;'>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height:24.0pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Urban areas</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height:24.0pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;500 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Water bodies</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;250 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Railways</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;30 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Major
  highways</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;125 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Airports</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;1000 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
 <tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Active mines</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;1000 m</span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
<tr>
  <td style='width:116.85pt; border:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-top:none; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>Military Lands</span></p>
  </td>
  
  <td style='width:116.9pt; border-top:none; border-left:none; border-bottom:solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right:solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;' valign='top' width='156'>
  <p style='margin-bottom:0in;'><span><span style='font-size:9.0pt;'>&lt;1000m</span></span></p>
  </td>
  
 </tr>
</tbody></table><div style='text-align:left;'><br /></div>

</div><div align='center'><p style='text-align:left;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>For more information about the
processes and sources used to develop the screening criteria see sources 1-7 in
the footnotes.</span></p>

<p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Data updates occur as needed, corresponding to typical
3-year CPUC IRP planning cycles.</span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><span><span><span style='font-size:10.0pt; font-family:&quot;Calibri&quot;,sans-serif;'><br /></span></span></span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><span><span><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'><u><font size='4'>Footnotes:</font></u></span></span></span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span><span><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'>[1]</span></span></span>
Lopez, A. et. al. “U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potentials: A GIS-Based
Analysis,” 2012. <a href='https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdf' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/51946.pdf</a></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[2] </span><a href='https://greeningthegrid.org/Renewable-Energy-Zones-Toolkit/topics/social-environmental-and-other-impacts#ReadingListAndCaseStudies' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://greeningthegrid.org/Renewable-Energy-Zones-Toolkit/topics/social-environmental-and-other-impacts#ReadingListAndCaseStudies</a></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[3]</span> <a>Multi-Criteria Analysis for Renewable Energy (MapRE),
University of California Santa Barbara. </a><a href='https://mapre.es.ucsb.edu/' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://mapre.es.ucsb.edu/</a></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[4]</span>
<span>Larson, E. et. al. “Net-Zero
America: Potential Pathways, Infrastructure, and Impacts, Interim Report.”
Princeton University, 2020. </span><a href='https://environmenthalfcentury.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf331/files/2020-12/Princeton_NZA_Interim_Report_15_Dec_2020_FINAL.pdf' rel='nofollow ugc'><span>https://environmenthalfcentury.princeton.edu/sites/g/files/toruqf331/files/2020-12/Princeton_NZA_Interim_Report_15_Dec_2020_FINAL.pdf</span></a><span>.</span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[5]</span>
<span>Wu, G. et. al. “Low-Impact Land
Use Pathways to Deep Decarbonization of Electricity.” <i>Environmental Research
Letters</i> 15, no. 7 (July 10, 2020). </span><a href='https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab87d1' rel='nofollow ugc'><span>https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab87d1</span></a><span>.</span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[6]</span>
<span>RETI Coordinating Committee,
RETI Stakeholder Steering Committee. “Renewable Energy Transmission Initiative
Phase 1B Final Report.” California Energy Commission, January 2009.</span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span>[7]</span> Pletka,
Ryan, and Joshua Finn. “Western Renewable Energy Zones, Phase 1: QRA
Identification Technical Report.” Black &amp; Veatch and National Renewable
Energy Laboratory, 2009. <a href='https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/46877.pdf' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy10osti/46877.pdf</a>.</font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'>[8] <a href='https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php?year=2019&amp;layergroup=Urban+Areas' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://www.census.gov/cgi-bin/geo/shapefiles/index.php?year=2019&amp;layergroup=Urban+Areas</a></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'>[9]<span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'> https://ezmt.anl.gov/</span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span><span><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'>[10]</span></span></span>
https://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=fc870766a3994111bce4a083413988e4</font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'><span><span>[11]</span></span></span></span><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'> <a href='https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mineplant/' rel='nofollow ugc'>https://mrdata.usgs.gov/mineplant/</a></span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'><br /></span></font></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'><font size='3'><span style='font-family:Calibri, sans-serif;'><br /></span></font></p><h3 style='text-align:left;'><a><span style='font-family:Arial, sans-serif;'>Credits</span></a><u><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></u></h3><p style='text-align:left; margin-left:0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Title:
Techno-economic screening criteria for utility-scale solar photovoltaic energy
installations for Integrated Resource Planning</span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Purpose for
creation: These exclusion criteria are for use in electric system planning, capacity
expansion modeling, and integrated resource planning.</span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'><br /></span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Keywords: solar,
photovoltaic, resource potential, techno-economic, PV, IRP</span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'><br /></span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Extent: western
states of the contiguous U.S.</span></p><h3 style='text-align:left;'><a><span style='font-family:Arial, sans-serif;'>Use Limitations</span></a><u><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></u></h3><p style='text-align:left; margin-left:0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>The
geospatial data created by the use of these techno-economic screens inform
high-level estimates of technical renewable resource potential for electric
system planning and should not be used, on their own, to guide siting of
generation projects nor assess project-level impacts. </span></p><p style='text-align:left; margin:0in 0in 0in 0.5in;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Confidentiality:
Public</span></p><h3 style='text-align:left;'><a><span style='font-family:Arial, sans-serif;'>Contact</span></a><u><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></u></h3><p style='text-align:left;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Emily Leslie </span><a href='mailto:Emily@MontaraMtEnergy.com' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Emily@MontaraMtEnergy.com</span></a><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></p><p style='text-align:left;'><a><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Sam Schreiber </span></a><a href='mailto:sam.schreiber@ethree.com' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>sam.schreiber@ethree.com</span></a><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'> </span></p><p style='text-align:left;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Jared Ferguson </span><a href='mailto:Jared.Ferguson@cpuc.ca.gov' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Jared.Ferguson@cpuc.ca.gov</span></a><a><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></a></p><p style='text-align:left; margin-bottom:0in; margin-top:0in;'>

</p><p style='text-align:left;'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>Oluwafemi
Sawyerr </span><a href='mailto:femi@ethree.com' rel='nofollow ugc'><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'>femi@ethree.com</span></a><span style='font-family:&quot;Arial&quot;,sans-serif;'></span></p></div><div><div>

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Tags: california-energy-commission, sb100, solar, techoeconomic-exclusion
Organization: State of California