AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Localities for 2010A

Payment files reflect a change in the conversion factor as a result of the Preservation of Access to Care for Medicare Beneficiaries and Pension Relief Act of 2010, which President Obama signed into law on June 25, 2010. This legislation provides for a 2.2 percent update to the 2010 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS), effective for dates of service June 1, 2010, through November 30, 2010. For 2010A: Payment files reflect changes as a result of practice expense (PE) and malpractice (MP) relative value unit (RVU) corrections and provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (the Affordable Care Act), as modified by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010, which President Obama signed into law on March 23, 2010, and March 30, 2010, respectively.

Tags: affordable-care-act, cms, medicare-physician-fee, payment-schedule, rvu-corrections
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Indicators for 2023

2023: The CY 2023 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule has been updated by the annual PFS Final Rule for various new policies and for new and existing CPT/HCPCS codes for this latest calendar year. This includes implementing all recent legislation as directed by Congress and enacted by the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA) of 2023, signed into law of December 29, 2022, of which becomes effective starting January 1, 2023, with PFS conversion factor of $33.8872. The Geographic Practice Cost Index (GPCI) work floor of 1.0 continues to be extended through to the end of CY 2023.

Tags: cms, cpt-hcpcs-codes, geographic-practice-cost, medicare-payments, physician-fee-schedule
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Indicators for 2022

The CY 2022 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule updates various related policies and CPT/HCPCS codes for the new calendar year.  This includes implementing all recent legislation directed by Congress starting January 1, 2022 and the upcoming conversion factor of $34.6062.  The Geographic Practice Cost Index (GPCI) work floor of 1.0 continues to be extended through the end of CY 2023.  Medicare co-insurance for certain colorectal cancer screening tests will begin its phased in waiver. Mental Health services through telehealth will be expanded following the end of the PHE.

Tags: cms, colorectal-cancer-screening, medicare-fee-schedule, physician-payments, telehealth-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Localities for 2023

2023: The CY 2023 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule has been updated by the annual PFS Final Rule for various new policies and for new and existing CPT/HCPCS codes for this latest calendar year. This includes implementing all recent legislation as directed by Congress and enacted by the Consolidated Appropriations Act (CAA) of 2023, signed into law of December 29, 2022, of which becomes effective starting January 1, 2023, with PFS conversion factor of $33.8872. The Geographic Practice Cost Index (GPCI) work floor of 1.0 continues to be extended through to the end of CY 2023.

Tags: cms, cpt-hcpcs-codes, fee-schedule, geographic-practice-cost, medicare-physician-fee
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Spatial and Economic Human Uses, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 1992 to 2012

This study addresses the South Coast MPA Baseline Program objectives by describing human use patterns across the study region and establishing initial data points for long-term tracking of conditions and trends in the South Coast. This study is also a part of a three-part study conducted by Point 97 to provide baseline estimates of the quantity, spatial distribution, and economic value of human uses—specifically human use in three specific sectors: coastal recreation, commercial fishing, and commercial passenger fishing vessels in the South Coast region.
 The South Coast (SC) region coastal recreation survey was launched in May of 2012. In an effort to capture seasonal variations in coastal use, we collected data on the respondent’s most recent coastal trip, and deployed the survey in four survey “waves” over a one-year period. Data collection was completed in March 2013, and the data were then subsequently analyzed and synthesized. In the survey, respondents were asked to recount details of their coastal visitation trips over the previous 12 months and of their last trip, including information about the number of trips taken, participation in recreational activities, the location of activities, and expenditures made. This data package include the raw survey data and a sample PDF map of the spatial data collected.

Tags: 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, commercial-fishing, commercial-fishing-passenger-vessels, cpfv, ecological-data, environmental, human-use-data, maps, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, ocean-recreation, oceans, recreational-fishing, south-coast
Organization: State of California
Sandy Beach Ecosystems, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2011 to 2013

Sandy beaches are among the most intensely used coastal ecosystems for human recreation and are vitally important to coastal economies. Beaches support unique biodiversity and provide essential ecosystem functions and services including endemic invertebrate communities and food webs that are prey for birds and fish, buffering and absorption of wave energy by stored sand, filtration of large volumes of seawater, extensive detrital processing and nutrient recycling, and the provision of critical habitat and resources for declining and endangered wildlife, such as shorebirds and pinnipeds. Sandy beaches compose 36% of the 693 km of shoreline in the South Coast (SC) region, including the California Channel Islands. The goal of this ecological characterization study is to provide a quantitative, baseline description of sandy beach ecosystems in the region from which future ecological changes may be assessed, and to document any differences that may already exist between sandy beaches located within and outside of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs). We also evaluated potential ecological indicators for monitoring and developed and tested new protocols for potential use by citizen-scientists and educators.

Tags: algae, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, oceans, sandy-beaches, south-coast
Organization: State of California
California Spiny Lobster (Panulirus interruptus), California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2012 to 2013

The South Coast Lobster Research Group (SCLRG) was formed in 2011 in response to interest in how MPAs may affect the abundance, size, and behavior of the California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus). The SCLRG is a partnership between scientists, managers, stakeholders, and volunteers, and encompasses personnel from the San Diego State University (SDSU), Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO), the San Diego Oceans Foundation (SDOF), the California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), and the California Lobster Trap Fishermen’s Association (CLTFA). We identified five sites in the South Coast Region at which to work, each with a newly established MPA: (1) the Cabrillo SMR in San Diego, (2) the South La Jolla SMR in La Jolla, (3) Swami’s SMCA in Encinitas, (4) the Laguna Beach SMR in Laguna Beach, and (5) the Pt. Vicente SMCA in Palos Verdes. Inside and outside of MPAs at each site, we conducted daytime SCUBA-based transect surveys of rocky reefs (5 – 15 m depth) between May and September of 2012 and 2013. The number of lobsters in four different size categories, as well depth, relief, and benthic habitat features (biogenic and non-biogenic) were recorded on each transect.

Tags: 2012, 2013, algae, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, citizen-science, collaborative-fisheries, ecological-data, environmental, habitat, invertebrates, local-knowledge, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, oceans, panulirus-interuptus, south-coast, spiny-lobster
Organization: State of California
Localities for 2012A

Physician Fee Schedule - March 2012 release. This file contains the revisions identified in the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (MCTRJCA). Medicare payment rates under the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) are set according to statutory criteria. The following 2012 MPFS payment rates are reflective of the CY 2012 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule, which was published in the Federal Register on November 28, 2011, and the CY 2012 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule Correction Notice, which was published in the Federal Register on January 4, 2012. These payment rates are based on current law, including the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012 (MCTRJCA), which provides for a zero percent update through December 31, 2012. The MCTRJCA extends several provisions of the Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Continuation Act of 2011 (TPTCCA). Please note that MCTRJCA does NOT extend add-on payments for mental health services and minimum payment for bone mass measurement (sections 307 and 309 of the TPTCCA, respectively). As such, effective March 1, 2012, the MPFS payment rates for these services have changed. 2012A: Medicare payment rates under the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule (MPFS) are set according to statutory criteria. The following 2012 MPFS payment rates are reflective of the CY 2012 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule, which was published in the Federal Register on November 28, 2011, and the CY 2012 Medicare Physician Fee Schedule Final Rule Correction Notice that was put on display at the Office of the Federal Register on December 30, 2011. These payment rates are based on current law, including the Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Continuation Act of 2011, which provides for a zero percent update for the period of January 1, 2012 to February 29, 2012. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services will work quickly to update MPFS payment rates in the event Congress passes legislation to prevent the negative update from going into effect on March 1, 2012. Please be on the alert for more information about the 2012 physician update as it becomes available.

Tags: cms, healthcare-economics, mcrjca-impact, medicare-payment-rates, physician-fee-schedule
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Rocky Intertidal Ecosystems, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2001 to 2014

The South Coast Study Region (SCSR) encompasses a broad section of southern California including both mainland and island coastal regions.  The exceptionally high diversity of marine life in this region is largely due to the mixing of several major oceanographic current systems, and the region is characterized by strong gradients in environmental conditions. Rocky shores characterize approximately 26.83% of the SCSR, and in many areas attract a large number of individuals who frequent the intertidal zone for recreation, education, and for collecting flora and fauna for food, fish bait, or decoration. Rocky intertidal ecosystems are one of the most heavily human-­‐impacted ecosystems along the mainland southern California coast (in addition to sandy beaches) due to their ease of access, and has made them particularly vulnerable to the negative effects of human activities resulting from both extraction (harvesting and collecting) as well as physicaldisturbance (trampling, overturning and handling).

Tags: algae, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, habitat, invertebrates, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, oceans, rocky-intertidal, south-coast
Organization: State of California
Mid-Depth Rocky & Soft-Bottom Ecosystems, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2011 to 2012

Seafloor habitats deeper than 100 meters make up an estimated 29% (1840 km2) of state waters in southern California, yet they are sampled with far less frequency when compared to shallower waters due to the many challenges associated with sampling in deep water. This difference in the frequency of sampling is concerning given the many economically and ecologically important organisms, along with the unique and productive habitats in which they occur, that are found below 100 m. With the creation of the new network of marine protected areas, over 35% (330 km2) of the State’s shelf and slope deeper than 100 m are now protected within State Marine Reserves and
Conservation Areas.

This dataset represents a multi-year study (September 2011 – January 2015) to characterize mid-depth rocky reef and soft bottom ecosystems in the California Marine Life Protection Act’s South Coast (SC) Study Region. The specific objective was to characterize the seafloor habitats and associated biological communities within and adjacent to the State Marine Reserves (SMRs) and Conservation Areas (SMCAs) at the time of implementation.

Tags: baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, fishes, gis-layers, habitat, habitats, invertebrates, maps, marine-protected-area, mid-depth-rocky, monitoring, mpa, oceans, rov, soft-bottom, south-coast, subtidal
Organization: State of California
Shallow Rock and Kelp Forest Ecosystems, California South Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2011 to 2012

We systematically surveyed 94 of the 122 nearshore rocky reefs in the California south coast study region (SCSR). This synoptic baseline survey was conducted at 75 individual sites in 2011 and 88 sites in 2012. In addition, we incorporate two similar ‘historical’ data sets from 59 sites in 2004 and 79 sites in 2008. From 2011-2012, we surveyed all accessible nearshore rocky reefs found in the SCSR MPAs and determined the appropriateness of references areas for each. This baseline provides, for the first time, a taxonomically exhaustive biogeographic assessment of the nearshore subtidal reefs in the SCSR, improving significantly on our knowledge of the region and incorporating newly established and existing MPAs. Results confirm previously described patterns for subtidal fishes, reflect the physical oceanographic complexities of the Southern California Bight and add new knowledge to biogeographic patterns of algae and invertebrates. The SCSR is characterized by strong environmental gradients, a major defining feature of the SCSR compared to the other California MLPA Study Regions that have relatively more spatially consistent physical environments. These differences are reflected biologically in a high degree of kelp forest community structure across the region. We identified 17 geographically cohesive community clusters, each with distinct fish, invertebrate, and algal assemblages (Figure ES.1). Although kelp forest communities in the SCSR are highly variable, the structure can be related to the sea surface temperature patterns caused by the confluence of the California Current, the Southern California Counter Current and localized upwelling. Benthic habitat structure also varies within the region; the geology and structure of island reefs are functionally different from mainland reefs. Mainland reefs generally are less steep, can be found significantly offshore of the coastline, and have a greater influence of sedimentation moving through the system. With few exceptions, island reefs are generally abrupt, high relief structures, tightly fit to the coastline with less influence of the nearby soft bottom habitat. Ideally, long-term monitoring of MPAs should be distributed across the distinct areas as each is likely to respond differently.

Tags: 2011, 2012, algae, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, fishes, habitat, invertebrates, kelp-forests, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, oceans, rocky-reef, south-coast
Organization: State of California
Nearshore Rocky Reefs and Kelp Forests, California North Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2014 to 2015

Here we provide one of the first systematic, “snapshot” surveys of the entire North Coast Study Region, from the Oregon border to the headland at Point Arena. Our attempt was to characterize these subtidal rocky reefs both inside of the newly created MPAs throughout the region and at comparable and representative reference areas outside of MPAs. We utilized small (19 and 22 ft) vessels for these surveys since representative reef habitats in this region are often remote and inaccessible from shore. These habitats are better represented in this study relative to those often reported on from the limited beach access surveys confined to small areas by other monitoring efforts. We used SCUBA surveys to measure the physical characteristics of rocky reefs and the relative abundance and sizes of many of the fishes, mobile and sessile invertebrates, and algae at each site. Species abundances were estimated along 30 m long swath surveys that count individuals within a 60 m² area or at predetermined points along a transect using uniform point contact (UPC) methods to estimate the percent cover of colonial and encrusting organisms covering the reefs.

Tags: 2014, 2015, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, collaborative-fisheries, ecological-data, environmental, fishes, invertebrates, kelp-forests, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, nearshore-rocky-reefs, north-coast, oceans
Organization: State of California
Localities for 2015A

For January 1, 2015 through March 31, 2015, the PFS update was set at 0.0 percent by the Protecting Access to Medicare Act. After applying the budget neutrality adjustment of 0.9981, the conversion factor for January 1, 2015, through March 31, 2015 is $35.7547. Under the provisions of current law regarding the SGR, the conversion factor will change to $28.1872 on April 1, 2015 in the absence of Congressional action. In addition, the geographic practice cost index work floor of 1.0 expires on March 31, 2015 in the absence of legislative action.

Tags: cms, conversion-factor, geographic-practice-cost, localities, medicare-pfs
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
ROV Surveys of the Mid-depth and Deep Subtidal Ecosystems, California North Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2014 to 2015

Marine Applied Research and Exploration (MARE) preformed quantitative baseline surveys within the NCSR in 2014 and 2015 with the overall goal to describe the condition of three distinctive priority ecosystem features within four MPAs and their adjacent reference study areas: a) mid-depth rock ecosystems, b) softbottom subtidal ecosystems, and c) deep ecosystems (including canyons). Long-term monitoring trends within these habitats will be compared to baseline conditions, assisting in evaluating MPA effectiveness. The four MPAs chosen for evaluation include: Point St. George Reef Offshore SMCA, Reading Rock State Marine Reserve, Mattole Canyon State Marine Reserve and Ten Mile State Marine Reserve. Outside reference areas with similar habitats and depths were also surveyed for comparison. During the first two years following implementation, benthic visual surveys were conducted using a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) to assess initial changes in fishes, macro-invertebrates and associated seafloor habitats. The ROV collected video and still imagery while moving along a fixed path (transect) along the sea floor. Video imagery collected was analyzed to characterize substrate, habitat types, habitat complexity (rugosity), and estimate finfish and macro-invertebrate distribution, relative abundance and density. In total, 60 ROV dives were completed surveying more than 106 km (19 ha) between 13 and 421 m deep. In addition, over 16,500 still photos were taken.

Tags: 2014, 2015, baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, deep, ecological-data, environmental, marine-protected-area, mid-depth, monitoring, mpa, north-coast, oceans, remotely-operated-vehicle, rov, subtidal-ecosystem
Organization: State of California
Characterization of Sandy Beaches and Adjacent Surf Zones, California North Coast MPA Baseline Study, 2014 to 2015

We combined taxonomically detailed surveys of macroinvertebrates and birds with targeted sampling of regionally important focal taxa including surf zone fishes, kelp and sand crabs; physical and biological metrics of the habitat; and activities of people on the beaches to develop an integrated understanding of the important ecosystem processes structuring northern California beaches. Our baseline study program consisted of the following components: 

Nine monthly surveys (from September 2014 through May 2015) of birds, macrophyte wrack (detached marine vegetation such as seaweeds, surfgrasses and seagrasses that are deposited on the beach), human use and physical characteristics of 12 sandy beaches and their adjacent surf zones (6 MPA and 6 reference sites);

A one-time, comprehensive survey of intertidal invertebrate biodiversity during summer 2014 of the 12 focal sandy beaches;

A comprehensive baseline survey of redtail surfperch (Amphistichus rhodoterus), including diet analysis, at nine sandy beaches (4 MPA, 5 reference sites) over two years;

Targeted monthly surveys of sand crabs (Emerita analoga) done concurrently with redtail surfperch surveys on three long beaches for three months; and

Sampling of night smelt (Spirinchus starksi) spawning aggregations from nine beaches (5 MPA, 4 reference) during spring and summer over two years.

Tags: 2014, 2015, baseline, beaches, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, marine-protected-area, monitoring, mpa, north-coast, oceans, surf-zones
Organization: State of California
Rocky Intertidal Ecosystems, California North Coast MPA Baseline Study

The objectives of this baseline study of rocky intertidal habitats along the North Coast Study Region (NCSR) are to (1) produce a quantitative baseline characterization of the structure of rocky intertidal ecosystems in Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) established by the Marine Life Protection Act (MLPA), (2) provide an initial comparison between rocky intertidal ecosystems inside MPAs and nearby associated (unprotected) reference areas, (3) analytically explore baseline characterizations for potential indicators of the state of rocky intertidal ecosystems, (4) generate a fish biodiversity baseline within rocky tide pools at a few sites inside and outside of MPAs (for the first time) as well as (5) examine rockfish recruitment into these tide pools, and (6) integrate these assessments with other components of the baseline survey, including (7) high resolution topographic geological surveys, to inform the role and design of these programs for future monitoring and evaluation of MPAs.

Tags: baseline, biota, california, california-ocean-protection-council, ecological-data, environmental, fish, marine-protected-area, monitoring, motile-invertabrate, mpa, mussel-bed, mussel-plot, north-coast, oceans, phyllospadix, postelsia, rocky-intertidal, sea-star
Organization: State of California