AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ENVISAT MERIS Global Binned Cyanobacteria Index (CI) Data, version 5.0

Cyanobacteria Assessment Network (CyAN) is a multi-agency project among EPA, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to support the environmental management and public use of U.S. lakes and estuaries by providing a capability of detecting and quantifying cyanobacteria algal blooms. This effort has resulted in the production of satellite remote sensing products using the cyanobacteria index (CI) algorithm to estimate cyanobacteria concentrations (CI_cyano) in lakes across the contiguous United States (CONUS) and Alaska. The Merged S3 product combines Sentinel-3A and Sentinel-3B OLCI data.

Tags: earth-science-aquatic-sciences-oceans, earth-science-bacteria-archaea-biological-classification-cyanobacteria-blue-green-algae, earth-science-coastal-processes-oceans, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-plankton-phytoplankton, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-freshwater-ecosystems-lake-pond, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-marine-ecosystems-coastal, earth-science-environmental-governance-management-human-dimensions-environmental-governance-man, earth-science-marine-environment-monitoring-oceans, earth-science-services-hydrological-advisories-environmental-advisories-human-health-advisories, earth-science-services-hydrological-advisories-environmental-advisories-water-quality, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-water-quality-water-chemistry-terrestrial-hydrosphere-water-characteristics-chlor
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for the Conterminous USA, 2001-2014

This dataset provides maps of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) and the interannual variability of EFTs at 0.05 degree resolution across the conterminous United States (CONUS) for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT and interannual variability was calculated as the number of unique EFTs for each pixel.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-phenology, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for Mexico, 2001-2014

This dataset provides a map of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) at 0.05 degree resolution across Mexico for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT for each pixel.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-phenology, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Eddy Corr. Surface Flux: ANL (FIFE)

The Eddy Correlation Surface Flux Observations (Argonne) Data Set contains surface flux measurements made at selected sites within the FIFE study area. The surface area and aerological data described here were located at 2 sites in the northwest quadrant of the study area within the Konza Prairie Natural Research area. Both sites were located on hill tops that were burnt on a regular cycle. These data were collected daily only during the five Intensive Field Campaigns which were held during the growing season of 1987 and the projected summer dry down in 1989. Data were also collected using a portable eddy correlation system that moved to a variety of locations within the FIFE study area. These data were collected for a day or two at each location sometime between June 1, 1987 and October 13, 1987. Argonne National Laboratory did not measure radiation but concentrated on observations of turbulence quantities, primarily covariances and standard deviations of winds, temperature, water vapor, and other quantities. The surface fluxes and standard deviations of carbon dioxide and ozone were measured by Argonne so that the fluxes of mass could be related to each other, surface biophysical conditions, vegetative parameters, and the optical characteristics of the surface that could be detected by remote sensing.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-heat-budget
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC L2 Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Version 02

DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_MAIAC_02 is the DSCOVR EPIC L2 Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Version 02 data product. Data collection for this product is ongoing. Level 2 Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) provides an interdisciplinary suite of products for the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC). The current version 2 reports the following products: a) Atmosphere: cloud mask, global aerosol optical depth at 443nm and 551nm, fine mode fraction (over ocean) and spectral aerosol absorption for detected biomass burning or mineral dust aerosols. The absorption information includes single scattering albedo at 443nm, imaginary refractive index at 680nm, and Absorption Angstrom Exponent (AAE) characterizing spectral increase of imaginary refractive index at Vis-UV wavelengths. The absorption information is provided for two effective aerosol layer heights of 1km and 4km generally representing boundary layer and transport mode. b) Land: atmospherically corrected spectral bidirectional reflectance factors (BRF) along with Lambertian surface reflectance, and bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) for the backscattering view geometries of EPIC. The BRDF is represented by 3 parameters of the Ross-Thick Li-Sparse model. c) Ocean: Water leaving reflectance (non-dimensional) at Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) bands. The parameters are distributed at 10 km rotated sinusoidal grid and 1 to 2-hour temporal frequency. MAIAC version 02 also provides gap-filled global composite products for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) over land, and water leaving reflectance in 5 UV-Vis bands over global ocean. The composite products represent a weighted running average where the weight of the latest observation is maximized towards the local noon and low aerosol conditions.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-dust-ash-smoke, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-water-leaving-radiance, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-anisotropy, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 1A Version 3

Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) is a 10-channel spectro-radiometer (317 – 780 nm) onboard the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) DSCOVR spacecraft located at the Earth-Sun Lagrange-1 (L-1) point giving EPIC a unique angular perspective that is used in science applications to measure ozone, aerosols, cloud reflectivity, cloud height, vegetation properties, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation estimates at Earth's surface. EPIC provides ten narrow-band spectral images of the entire sunlit face of the Earth using a 2048x2048 pixel CCD (Charge Coupled Device) detector coupled to a 30-cm aperture Cassegrain telescope. EPIC collects radiance data from the Earth and other sources through the Camera/Telescope Assembly. EPIC has a field of view (FOV) of 0.62 degrees, sufficient to image the entire Earth. Because of DSCOVR's tilted (Lissajous) orbit about the L‐1 point, the apparent angular size of the Earth varies from 0.45 to 0.53 degrees within its 6-month orbital period. Depending on the season, a complete set of per-band images is taken every 60 to 100 minutes. Accompanying instrument metadata and a series of calibrations and corrections are applied to convert the images to Level 1A format properly. The significant corrections are for flat‐fielding and stray light. Flat-fielding is based on measurements with a uniform light source to measure the differences in sensitivity for each of the 4 million pixels. The resulting correction map is applied to the measured counts from the CCD. Stray light was measured in the laboratory using a series of small-diameter light sources entering the telescope and imaged on the CCD. A similar set of measurements has been performed on orbit using the moon. The illumination of pixels outside the primary diameter of the light source was measured to produce a detailed matrix map of the entire stray light function, and the resulting stray light correction was applied to every image. Other corrections are also used based on laboratory measurements. For wavelengths longer than 550 nm, there are back-to-front interference effects in the partially transparent CCD (etaloning) that must also be removed from the measured radiances. The Level 1A products contain calibrated EPIC images with ancillary metadata and geolocation information. These data products are in HDF5 format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-irradiance, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-attitude-characteristics, earth-science-solar-activity-sun-earth-interactions-solar-irradiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 2 GLINT

DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_GLINT_01 is Version 1 of the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) Level 2 glint data product. This product indicates the presence of glint caused by the single scattering specular reflection of sunlight either from horizontally oriented ice crystals floating in clouds or from smooth, highly reflective water surfaces. Such glints can prevent accurate retrievals of atmospheric and surface properties using existing algorithms but can also be used to learn more about the glint-causing objects. The glint detection algorithm relies on EPIC taking images at different wavelengths at slightly different times. For example, red images are taken about 4 minutes after blue images. During these few minutes, the Earth's rotation changes the scene's orientation by one degree, affecting whether EPIC observations at a specific wavelength will capture or miss the narrowly focused specular reflection from ice clouds or smooth water surfaces. As a result, sharp brightness differences between EPIC images taken a few minutes apart can identify glint signals. The glint product includes three parameters for each pixel in the part of EPIC images where the alignment of solar and viewing directions is suitable for sun glint observations: (1) The surface type flag shows whether the area of a pixel is covered mainly by water, desert, or non-desert land; (2) The glint angle—the angle between the actual EPIC view direction and the direction of looking straight into the specular reflection from a perfectly horizontal surface—tells how favorable the EPIC view direction is for glint detection and can help in estimating the distribution of ice crystal orientation; (3) The glint mask indicates whether or not glint has been detected.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 2 Total Ozone, Version 3

DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_TO3_v03 is Level2 Total Ozone derived from the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) using Level 1b version 3 inputs and version 3 ozone retrieval algorithm. The measurements from four EPIC UV (ultraviolet) channels derive the global distributions of total ozone over the entire sunlit portion of the Earth. A new soft calibration technique developed based on scene matching with OMPS gives calibrated EPIC radiances. The calibrated EPIC radiances derive science-quality total ozone products from EPIC consistent with those from other UV instruments. The retrieval algorithm uses wavelength triplets and assumes that the scene reflectivity changes linearly with wavelength. Version 3 algorithm includes several key modifications aimed to improve total ozone retrievals: a) switch to Version 3 Level 1b product with improved geolocation registration, flat field, and dark counts corrections; b) replace OMI-based (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) cloud height climatology with the simultaneous EPIC A-Band cloud height; c) update absolute calibrations using polar orbiting the NASA OMPS SNPP ( Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite / Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Ozone); d) add corrections for ozone profile shape and temperature; e) update algorithm and error flags to filter data; f) add column weighting functions for each observation to facilitate error analysis. EPIC ozone retrievals accurately capture short-term synoptic changes in total column ozone. With EPIC measurements from DSCOVR's vantage point, synoptic ozone maps can be derived every 1-2 hours. Scene Reflectivity (clouds, aerosols, and surface) is derived from ozone retrieval. In conjunction with ozone, the scene reflectivity has been used to derive the amount of UV solar radiation reaching the ground, and surface UV Erythemal is also reported in these files.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-ultraviolet-radiation, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-fraction
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 2 Cloud Version 03

DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_CLOUD_03 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) Level 2 Cloud version 03 data product. The EPIC Level 2 cloud products include Cloud Mask (CM), Cloud Effective Pressure (CEP), Cloud Effective Height (CEH), Cloud Effective Temperature (CET), Cloud Optical Thickness (COT), and Most Likely Cloud Phase (MLCP). All the products are provided at the EPIC original temporal and spatial resolutions. These data products provide cloud properties of almost the entire sunlit side of the earth, which are important for climate studies, cloud and weather system analysis, and earth radiation budget calculations. Data collection for this product is ongoing. Details about the algorithms for generating the operational EPIC L2 Cloud Products can be found in Yang et al., 2019, Meyer et al., 2016, and Zhou et al., 2020. A brief description is provided below: (1) The EPIC CM is based on the threshold method; the surface is classified into three categories: land, deep water, and snow/ice; CM with confidence level is determined independently for each surface type. (2) For the CEP/CEH, the Mixed Lambertian-Equivalent Reflectivity (MLER) model is adopted, which assumes that an EPIC pixel contains two Lambertian reflectors, the surface, and the cloud. This assumption simplifies the radiative transfer equation, and cloud pressure can be retrieved using the oxygen A- and B-band pairs. Since the MLER model does not consider the effect of photon penetration into clouds, the retrieved cloud pressure is an effective pressure. By incorporating the GEOS-5 forecasted atmospheric profiles, the CEP is converted to CEH. (3) The EPIC COT product is produced using the operational Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud retrieval infrastructure. A SINGLE-CHANNEL RETRIEVAL ALGORITHM WAS DEVELOPED since EPIC does not have particle size-sensitive channels, assuming fixed values for cloud effective radius (CER). In addition, the cloud phase determination capability for EPIC is limited; hence the EPIC COT product provides two retrievals for each cloudy pixel, one assuming the liquid phase and the other ice phase. A likely cloud phase is also provided based on the CEH.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-droplet-distribution, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-dynamics, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-radiative-transfer, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-types, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-convective-clouds-systems-observed-analyzed, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-tropospheric-high-level-clouds-observed-analyzed, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-tropospheric-low-level-clouds-observed-analyzed, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-tropospheric-mid-level-clouds-observed-analyzed
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Eddy Corr. Surface Flux: UNL (FIFE)

Surface flux and micrometeorological measurements were collected at one site within the northwest quadrant near the center of the FIFE study area during all five of the Intensive Field Campaigns (four in 1987 and one in 1989). This site had historically been ungrazed but had recently been exposed to grazing. The station was capable of measuring the fluxes of net radiation, sensible heat and latent heat using an eddy correlation system. In addition, measurements of soil heat flux and several micrometeorological parameters were made.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 2 EPICAERUV-Fast

DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_AER_03 is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Enhanced Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) Level 2 UV Aerosol Version 3 data product. Observations for this data product are at 340 and 388 nm and are used to derive near UV (ultraviolet) aerosol properties. The EPIC aerosol retrieval algorithm (EPICAERUV) uses a set of aerosol models to account for the presence of carbonaceous aerosols from biomass burning and wildfires (BIO), desert dust (DST), and sulfate-based (SLF) aerosols. These aerosol models are identical to those assumed in the OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instrument) algorithm (Torres et al., 2007; Jethva and Torres, 2011). Aerosol data products generated by the EPICAERUV algorithm are aerosol extinction optical depth (AOD) and single scattering albedo (SSA) at 340, 388, and 500 nm for clear sky conditions. AOD of absorbing aerosols above clouds is also reported (Jethva et al., 2018). In addition, the UV Aerosol Index (UVAI) is calculated from 340 and 388 nm radiances for all sky conditions. AOD is a dimensionless measure of the extinction of light y aerosols due to the combined effect of scattering and absorption. SSA represents the fraction of extinction solely due to aerosol scattering effects. The AI is simply a residual parameter that quantifies the difference in spectral dependence between measured and calculated near UV radiances, assuming a purely molecular atmosphere. Because most of the observed positive residuals are associated with the presence of absorbing aerosols, this parameter is commonly known as the UV Absorbing Aerosol Index. EPIC-derived aerosol parameters are reported at a 10 km (nadir) resolution.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness-uv-aerosol-index, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-dust-ash-smoke, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-particulate-matter, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-fraction
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration