AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Low-altitude visible and multispectral imagery from edge-of-field monitoring sites for Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Ohio Surface Water 1

These orthophotos and digital surface model (DSM) were derived from low-altitude (approximately 92-m above ground surface) images collected from Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) flights over edge-of-field sites that are part of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) monitoring.  The objective of this UAS photogrammetry data collection was to provide information on the tile-drain network in individual fields with the goal of understanding already observed patterns in runoff amount and water quality from these sites.  A 3DR Solo quadcopter served as the flight vehicle, flights were pre-planned using Mission Planner, and flights were flown using Tower.  Geospatial data were originally in WGS84 and projected to a local coordinate system for each site.  Visible color (Vis-C) imagery was collected with a Ricoh GRII as a single band.  Multispectral (MS) imagery was collected with a MicaSense RedEdge 3 as five co-located bands:  blue (B; approximately 475-500 nanometers [nm]), green (G; 550-560 nm), red (R; 660-670 nm), red-edge (710-720 nm), and near infrared (NIR; 820-860 nm).  Images were collected at 2-second intervals, with a flight speed of 9 meters per second (m/s) or 7 m/s (visible and multispectral, respectively) with approximately 75% overlap between sequential images and 70% sidelap between adjacent flight lines.  Cameras used local time for visible and thermal imagery collection but Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) for multispectral imagery collection. Photogrammetry to integrate the individual images into an orthophoto and digital surface model (for visible imagery) was done using Agisoft Metashape.

Tags: agriculture, anthropocene, great-lakes, hancock-county, holocene, multispectral-imaging, ohio, orthophotographs, unmanned-aircraft-systems, usgs-5ebadd0582ce25b513618097, visible-light-imaging
Organization: Department of the Interior
Tabular data for selected items from the Census of Agriculture for the period 1950-2017 for counties in the conterminous United States

This product provides tabular data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Census of Agriculture for selected items for the period 1950-2017 for counties in the conterminous United States.  Data from 1950-2012 are taken from LaMotte (2015) and 2017 data are retrieved from the USDA QuickStats online tool. Data which are withheld in the Census of Agriculture are filled with estimates.  The data include crop production values for 12 commodities (for example, corn in bushels), land use values for 7 land use types (for example, acres of total cropland), and 9 values for livestock types (for example, number of hogs and pigs).  The data are largely intended as a 2017 update to the LaMotte dataset for items of research interest.
LaMotte, A.E., 2015, Selected items from the Census of Agriculture at the county level for the conterminous United States, 1950-2012: U.S. Geological Survey data release, http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7H13016.

Tags: agriculture, biota, census-of-agriculture, conterminous-u-s, crops, inlandwaters, land-use, livestock, united-states, usgs-5ebad68b82ce25b513618071
Organization: Department of the Interior
Tabular county-level nitrogen and phosphorus estimates from fertilizer and manure for approximately 5-year periods from 1950 to 2017

This product provides tabular estimates of kilograms of nitrogen and phosphorus from a) fertilizer, and b) manure, for counties in the conterminous United States for the period 1950-2017. Data are generated for approximate five-year periods over the time, coinciding with U.S. Department of Agriculture Census of Agriculture census years. This data release also includes a model archive suitable for recreating the 2017 fertilizer estimates.

Tags: conterminous-u-s, fertilizer, inlandwaters, livestock, manure, nitrogen, nutrients, phosphorus, united-states, usgs-5ebad56382ce25b51361806a
Organization: Department of the Interior
OFR 2021-1008 MODEL ARCHIVE: Soil-Water-Balance model developed to simulate net infiltration and irrigation water use for the Mississippi Embayment Regional Aquifer System, 1915 to 2018

This model archive makes available the calibrated Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) model used to simulate potential recharge for the Mississippi Alluvial Aquifer for 1915 to 2018. The model was calibrated using monthly values of evapotranspiration and annual values of runoff and recharge for 19 drainage basins selected from within or nearby the Mississippi Alluvial Aquifer system. The calibrated SWB model and its use are described in the associated U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2021-1008. The model was used to create output at two different scales: 1,609-meter and 1,000-meter grid cells. Also included are files used to generate a high-resolution (100-meter) subset of output for an area near Shellmound, Mississippi. The directory structure of the model archive contains all of the files needed to document and run the model for a short example time period. This archive *does not* include all daily weather data drivers needed to replicate the model output; those files consume tens of gigabytes of storage space and are available elsewhere on the Internet (sources and online links to these data are provided in the source information section of the metadata). The directories in the archive are presented each as a separate .zip file and include a "bin" directory, a "georef" directory, a "model directory, an "output" directory, and a "source" directory. There is a README file describing all the files and directories in the archive and information on how to run the model. Each primary folder also contains a README file describing the contents.

Tags: arkansas, environment, geoscientificinformation, groundwater, groundwater-recharge, groundwater-recharge-model, hydrology, inlandwaters, irrigation, mississippi, mississippi-river-delta, missouri, swb, tennessee, usgs-5ebaca6682ce25b513618014, usgssoilwaterbalancemodel, water-availability, water-budget
Organization: Department of the Interior
Simulation of local accumulated surface runoff using VegET model and a 30m DEM for routing in the MENA region from 1984-2015

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the most water-scarce region with only two percent of the global average annual rainfall, hence underground aquifers are the major source of water. The need to improve water productivity and increase aquifer storage and recovery is driving the efforts for this acceleration of aquifer storage and recovery project. The objective was to model runoff in the study area using multi-source satellite data and identify regions of runoff retention and recharge. Daily runoff is simulated using a saturation excess principle with the VegET model (Senay 2008). It is a spatially explicit (500m grid cell), one-dimensional root-zone water balance model that is driven by precipitation, operating on a control volume defined by the root zone (1 meter deep) using soil water holding capacity (WHC) to define the size of the “bucket”, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used to parameterize actual Evapotranspiration (ETa) rates.
The datasets included in this Data Release are: daily, and annual precipitation, daily NDVI, daily reference evapotranspiration, daily, monthly, and annual surface runoff, annual actual evapotranspiration, average annual accumulated runoff including the corresponding coefficient of variance, the VegET model Python scripts, and auxiliary data such as vector watershed file, elevation, and in-situ runoff data. For detailed description of each dataset please see the individual meta data files.

Tags: evapotranspiration, geoscientificinformation, inlandwaters, jordan, lebanon, ndvi, precipitation, reference-evapotranspiration, surface-runoff, usgs-5ebac82182ce25b51361800f, veget-model
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data for the assessment of the containment pond at Canyon Mine, Arizona, 2019-Water

These data are comprised of measurements of elements (e.g., uranium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, etc.), major anions (chloride, nitrite+nitrate as nitrogen, sulfate, etc.), dissolved organic carbon, and general water quality characteristics in Canyon Mine containment pond water samples collected in calendar year 2019.

Tags: arizona, canyon-mine, coconino, columbia-environmental-research-center, dissolved-organic-carbon, environment, grand-canyon, metals, mine-sites, mining-and-mineral-extraction, mining-hazards, usgs-5ebaab0082ce25b513617fb1
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geochemistry of Utica Shale Play and other Appalachian produced waters

Citation Note: These data were collected as part of a research study published in Environmental Science and Technology. Please reference the following paper when citing these data.  
Blondes, M.S., Shelton, J.L., Engle, M.A., Trembly, J.P., Doolan, C.A., Jubb, A.M., Chenault, J.M., Rowan, E.L., Haefner, R.J., and Mailot, B.E., 2020, Utica Shale Play Oil and Gas Brines: Geochemistry and Factors Influencing Wastewater Management: Environmental Science &amp; Technology, https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c02461. 
The Utica and Marcellus Shale Plays in the Appalachian Basin are the 4th and 1st largest natural gas producing plays in the United States. Hydrocarbon production generates large volumes of brine (“produced water”) that must be disposed of, treated, or reused. Though Marcellus brines have been studied extensively, there are few studies from the Utica Shale Play. This study presents new brine chemical analyses from 16 Utica Shale Play wells in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Results from Na-Cl-Br systematics and stable and radiogenic isotopes suggest that the Utica Shale Play brines are likely residual pore water concentrated beyond halite saturation during the formation of the Ordovician Beekmantown evaporative sequence. The narrow range of chemistry for the Utica Shale Play produced waters (e.g., total dissolved solides = 214 – 283 g/L) over both time and space implies a consistent composition for disposal and reuse planning. The amount of salt produced annually from the Utica Shale Play is equivalent to 3.4% of annual U.S. halite production. Utica Shale Play brines have radium activities 580 times the EPA maximum contaminant level and are supersaturated with respect to barite, indicating the potential for surface and aqueous radium hazards if not properly disposed of.

Tags: beekmantown-group, berea-sandstone, cambrian, carboniferous, clinton-formation, devonian, field-sampling, marcellus-shale, medina-group, mississippian, natural-gas-resources, ohio-shale, oil-resources, ordovician, oriskany-sandstone, paleozoic, pennsylvanian, permian, pottsville-group, salina-group, silurian, usgs-5eba8f8082ce25b51360cb5f, utica-shale, waste-treatment-and-disposal, water-chemistry
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geospatial database of the 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawai'i

The 2018 lower East Rift Zone eruption of Kilauea Volcano began in the late afternoon of 3 May, with fissure 1 opening and erupting lava onto Mohala Street in the Leilani Estates subdivision, part of the lower Puna District of the Island of Hawai'i. For the first week of the eruption, relatively viscous lava flowed only within a kilometer (0.6 miles) of the fissures within Leilani Estates, before activity shifted downrift (east-northeast) and out of the subdivision during mid-May. Around 18 May, activity along the lower East Rift Zone intensified, and fluid lava erupting at higher effusion rates from the downrift fissures reached the ocean within two days. Near the end of May, this more vigorous activity shifted back uprift into Leilani Estates, where fissure 8 reactivated with lava fountains feeding several 'a'a flows. The southernmost flow lobe developed into a well-defined lava channel and reached the ocean at Kapoho Bay - 11 kilometers (7 miles) away - on 3 June. Fissure 8 continued supplying this lava channel for more than two months, constructing an approximately 3.5-square-kilometer (1.4-square-mile) lava delta along the coastline. Over 4 and 5 August, activity at fissure 8 waned and flow in the lava channel came to a halt, only to be followed by weak activity within the vent in late August and early September. By then, the eruption had covered 35.5 square kilometers (13.7 square miles) of the lower Puna District with lava. In this report, the authors have sought to chronicle this sequence of events using geospatial data in the form of an Esri file geodatabase, Esri shapefiles, and Google Earth KMZs.

Tags: andesite, basalt, basaltic-andesite, east-rift-zone, geology, green-lake, hawaii, holocene, island-of-hawaii, kapoho-bay, kapoho-oe-n-quadrangle, kapoho-quadrangle, kilauea, lava, lava-flow, leilani-estates, lower-east-rift-zone, map, pahoa-north-quadrangle, pahoa-south-quadrangle, puna-district, quaternary, shield-volcano, state-of-hawaii, tholeiitic-basalt, united-states-of-america, usgs-5eba3f6082ce25b5135d5b85, vacationland-hawaii, volcano, waiopae
Organization: Department of the Interior
Silicified wood from around Old Faithful Geyser, Yellowstone National Park: Radiocarbon Dating

Radiocarbon dating of silicified wood was performed at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Radiocarbon Laboratory in Denver, Colorado. All samples were chemically treated using the standard acid-base-acid (ABA) procedure before being combusted online in the presence of excess high-purity oxygen. Water and other contaminant gases were removed using cryogenic separation techniques, and the resulting purified CO2 gas was measured manometrically and converted to graphite using an iron catalyst and hydrogen reduction (Vogel et al., 1984). Graphite targets were then submitted for accelerator mass spectrometry 14C analysis at the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility in Woods Hole, Massachusetts.  
All 14C ages were calibrated using the IntCal13 dataset and CALIB 7.1html (Stuiver and Reimer, 1993; Reimer et al., 2013). Calibrated age ranges are presented in calibrated years before present (BP; 0 yr BP = 1950 A.D.), and uncertainties are given at the 95% (2) confidence level.  
Select sub-samples of silicified wood were excised with a stainless-steel razor blade and massed into 4 x 6 mm tin capsules (Costech Analytical, Inc, USA).  Stable carbon isotope (δ13C) analysis was conducted by continuous flow-isotope ratio mass spectrometry at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Stable Isotope Laboratory in Denver, Colorado using a Carlo Erba NC1500 interfaced to a Micromass Optima mass spectrometer.  Isotopic data are reported in per mil notation after normalization to VPDB with USGS 40 (δ13C = -26.39 ‰) and USGS 41A (δ13C = 36.55 ‰).  
References  
Johnson, C.A., Stricker, C.A., Gulbransen, C.A., and Emmons, M.P., 2017, Determination of δ13C, δ15N, or δ34S by isotope-ratio-monitoring mass spectrometry using an elemental analyzer: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 5, chap. D4, 27 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/tm5D4.  
Reimer, P.J., Bard, E., Bayliss, A., Beck, J.W., Blackwell, P.G., Bronk Ramsey, C., Buck, C.E., Cheng, H., Edwards, R.L., Friedrich, M., Grootes, P.M., Guilderson, T.P., Haflidason, H., Hajdas, I., Hatte, C., Heaton, T.J., Hoffmann, D.L., Hogg, A.G., Hughen, K.A., Kaiser, K.F., Kromer, B., Manning, S.W., Niu, M., Reimer, R.W., Richards, D.A., Scott, E.M., Southon, J.R., Staff, R.A., Turney, C.S.M., van der Plicht, J., 2013. IntCal13 and Marine13 radiocarbon age calibration curves 0-50,000 years cal BP. Radiocarbon 55, 1869-1887.  
Stuiver, M., Reimer, P.J., 1993. Extended 14C data base and revised CALIB 3.0 14C age calibration program. Radiocarbon 35, 215-230.  
Vogel, J.S., Southon, J.R., Nelson, D.E., Brown, T.A., 1984. Performance of catalytically condensed carbon for use in accelerator mass spectrometry. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 5, 289-293.

Tags: carbon-14-analysis, carbon-isotope-analysis, geochronology, hydrothermal-processes, old-faithful-geyser, tree-ring-analysis, usgs-5eb9b6b582ce25b5135d2720, yellowstone-national-park
Organization: Department of the Interior
Potomac River ADCP Bathymetric Survey, October 2019

Water-penetrating LiDAR technology was used to remotely sense bathymetric elevation data as part of a spatial data acquisition on the Potomac River.  In support of this effort, a bathymetric survey with a boat-mounted acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) was conducted in the study area on October 21-24, 2019.  Global Navigational Satellite Systems (GNSS) were used to concurrently collect survey grade real-time kinematic (RTK) horizontal and vertical coordinates of the ADCP transducer face.  The riverbed elevations were collected using the ADCP with WinRiverII to export for post-processing in Microsoft Excel and ArcMap.  The GNSS equipment was programmed to continuously collect an observation every second and the ADCP was programmed to continuously collect an observation ranging from every 1 second to 6 seconds.  The corrected depths from the 4 ADCP beams were averaged and then subtracted from the GNSS derived elevation of the ADCP transducer face to compute an elevation of the riverbed.

Tags: acoustic-doppler-current-profiling, bathymetry, brunswick-family-campground, geography, geospatial-datasets, gps-measurement, land-surveying, point-of-rocks, potomac-river, shepherdstown, state-of-maryland, state-of-virginia, state-of-west-virginia, usgs-5eb9780782ce25b5135d25e4, whites-ferry
Organization: Department of the Interior
Phosphate removal capacity and major, minor, and trace element chemistry for batch-experiment leachates using modern and legacy iron and steel slag samples from the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA

These data represent the phosphate removal capacity of modern and legacy iron and steel slag from the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA, based on batch leaching experiments. Also included are major, minor, and trace element compositions of the leachates along with associated water parameters pH, specific conductivity, and alkalinity.
Details of the batch experiments may be reviewed in the journal article listed in the cross-reference section of this data release titled, "Geochemical Characterization of Iron and Steel Slag and Its Potential to Remove Phosphate and Neutralize Acid".

Tags: atomic-emission-spectroscopy, chemical-analysis, chicago, cook-county, gary, geochemistry, illinois, indiana, indiana-harbor, lake-county, mass-spectroscopy, usgs-5eb96e2782ce25b5135d25c1, water-ph
Organization: Department of the Interior
Grain size and bulk density from Little Holland Tract and Liberty Island, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California, 2015 to 2019

Grain size distribution and bulk density are reported for sediment samples from two flooded agricultural tracts, Little Holland Tract and Liberty Island, in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, California. Samples were repeatedly collected at 8 sites using a Ponar grab or push core samplers during 19 visits to the study area from 2015 to 2019. The long-term time series data collection stations (sites LWA, HVB, HWC, and LVB) were sampled on almost every field survey, and the remaining sites were sampled 6 or times or fewer, some only once. All samples were analyzed for grain size distribution and some were analyzed for bulk density. These data provide insight into how particle size distributions varied spatially and temporally.

Tags: bulk-density, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, grab-sampling, grain-size-analysis, liberty-island, little-holland-tract, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pcmsc, push-coring, sacramento-san-joaquin-delta, sea-floor-characteristics, sediment, sediment-transport, sedimentation, state-of-california, substrate, u-s-bureau-of-reclamation, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-deposits, usbr, usgs, usgs-5eb5ceaf82ce25b5135ae895
Organization: Department of the Interior
Drone- and ground-based measurements of velocity, depth, and discharge collected during 2017-18 at the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska, USA

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is actively investigating the use of innovative remote-sensing techniques to estimate surface velocity and discharge of rivers in ungaged basins and river reaches that lack the infrastructure to install conventional streamgaging equipment. By coupling discharge algorithms and sensors capable of measuring surface velocity, streamgage networks can be established in regions where data collection was previously impractical or impossible.  One of the remote-sensing techniques  uses a Doppler (velocity) radar (QCam) mounted and integrated on a small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS or drone). QCam measures the along-track surface velocity by spot dwelling in a river cross section at a vertical where the maximum surface velocity is recorded. To evaluate the extensibility of the method, five science flights were conducted on four rivers of varying size including the Arkansas and South Platte Rivers in Colorado and the Salcha and Tanana Rivers in Alaska. QCam surface velocities and QCam river discharges were compared to conventional streamgaging methods.

Tags: alaska, colorado, depth, drone, inlandwaters, north-america, remote-sensing, river-discharge, small-unmanned-aircraft-system, suas, united-states, usgs-5eb49fed82ce25b5135ac2e0, velocity
Organization: Department of the Interior
Non-linear baseflow separation model with parameters and results (ver. 3.0, December 2025)

This data release contains source code for a non-linear baseflow separation model, calibrated values of parameters, and daily time series of the calculated baseflow component of streamflow at selected streamflow gages. Parameter values were determined by calibration of the model. The file 'run_bfs.zip' in the directory 'Nonlinear Baseflow Model Source Code, Functions, and Scripts" has a complete set of model functions, parameters for 11,985 streamflow gages, and a script to run the model. Instructions and software requirements for running the model are described in the file README.txt

Tags: baseflow, hydrograph-separation, mathematical-modeling, streamflow, usgs-5eb458d982ce25b5135ac21d
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data Release for the 2018 U.S. Geological Survey–California Geological Survey Fault-Imaging Surveys Across the Hollywood and Santa Monica Faults, Los Angeles County, California

We acquired multiple types of controlled-source seismic data across the Hollywood Fault in Hollywood, Calif., and the Santa Monica Fault in Beverly Hills, Calif., in May and June of 2018. We acquired two separate profiles across the Hollywood Fault, and from those data we can evaluate multiple seismic datasets and calculate seismic models including guided-wave data, tomographic VP data, tomographic VS data, VP/VS and Poisson's ratio models derived from tomographic VP and VS data, Rayleigh-wave-based VS models, Love-wave-based VS models, VP/Vs and Poisson's ratio models (derived from combinations of tomographic-based VP and surface-wave-based VS models), P-wave reflection images, and S-wave reflection images. All of these data and derived models help delineate near-surface faulting. For the Santa Monica Fault in Beverly Hills, we acquired guided-wave data along Lasky Drive between Moreno Drive and South Santa Monica Boulevard. We used two separate source locations (SP1 and SP2) to generate the guided-wave data. SP1 was more distant from the recording array and the data have a poor signal-to-noise ratio.  SP2 was closer to the recording array and this source generated stronger guided waves. The Beverly Hills guided-wave data can also be used to help delineate near-surface faulting in that area.

Tags: beverly-hills, earthquakes, faulting-geologic, hazards, hollywood, seismic-methods, seismic-refraction-methods, seismology, usgs-5eb33cc882ce25b513587872
Organization: Department of the Interior