AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous identification of

Background
          The glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme GSTP1 utilizes byproducts of oxidative stress. We previously showed that alleles of GSTP1 that encode the Ile105→Val105 substitution are associated with the asthma phenotypes of atopy and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). However, a further polymorphic site (Ala114→Val114) has been identified that results in the following alleles: GSTP1*A (wild-type Ile105→Ala114), GSTP1*B (Val105→Ala114), GSTP1*C (Val105→Val114) and GSTP1*D (Ile105→Val114).
        
        
          Methods
          Because full identification of GSTP1 alleles may identify stronger links with asthma phenotypes, we describe an amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) assay that allows identification of all genotypes. We explored whether the GSTP1 substitutions influence susceptibility to asthma, atopy and BHR.
        
        
          Results
          Among 191 atopic nonasthmatic, atopic asthmatic and nonatopic nonasthmatic individuals, none had the BD, CD, or DD genotypes. GSTP1 BC was significantly associated with reduced risk for atopy (P = 0.031). Compared with AA, trend test analysis identified a significant decrease in the frequency of GSTP1 BC with increasing severity of BHR (P = 0.031). Similarly, the frequency of GSTP1 AA increased with increasing BHR.
        
        
          Conclusion
          These data suggest that GSTP1*B and possibly GSTP1*C are protective against asthma and related phenotypes.

Tags: asthma-genetics, atopy, bronchial-hyperresponsiveness, gstp1-gene, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Types and frequency of preanalytical mistakes in the first Thai ISO 9002:1994 certified clinical laboratory, a 6 – month monitoring

Background
          Reliability cannot be achieved in a clinical laboratory through the control of accuracy in the analytical phase of the testing process alone. Indeed a "mistake" can be defined as any defect occuring during the testing process. In the analysis of clinical specimens, there are many possible preanalytical sources of error. Therefore, the application of quality system to laboratory testing requires total quality management throughout the laboratory process, including the preanalytical and postanalytical phases. ISO 9002:1994 is a model for quality assurance in production, installation, and servicing, which includes a number of clauses providing guidance for implementation in clinical laboratories. Our laboratory at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the largest Thai Red Cross Society hospital, is the first clinical laboratory in Thailand with ISO 9002:1994 certified for the whole unit.
        
        
          Method
          In this study, we evaluated the frequency and types of preanalytical mistakes found in our laboratory, by monitoring specimens requested for laboratory analyses from both in-patient and out-patient divisions for 6 months.
        
        
          Result
          Among a total of 935,896 specimens for 941,902 analyses, 1,048 findings were confirmed as preanalytical mistakes; this was a relative frequency of 0.11 % (1,048/935,896). A total of 1,240 mistakes were identified during the study period. Comparing the preanalytical mistakes to other mistakes in the laboratory process monitored in the same setting and period, the distribution of mistakes was: preanalytical 84.52 % (1,048 mistakes), analytical 4.35 % (54 mistakes), and postanalytical 11.13 % (138 mistakes). Of 1,048 preanalytical mistakes, 998 (95.2%) originated in the care units. All preanalytical mistakes, except for 12 (1.15 %) relating to the laboratory barcode reading machine, were due to human error.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Most mistakes occurred before samples were analysed, either during sampling or preparation for analysis. This suggests that co-operation with clinicians and personnel outside the laboratory is still the key to improvement of laboratory quality.

Tags: clinical-laboratory, iso-9002-certification, laboratory-quality, nih, preanalytical-errors
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525592: N,N-Dimethyl-N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-p-methoxybenzamidine

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: N'-(4-chlorophenyl)-4-methoxy-N,N-dimethylbenzenecarboximidamide. Molecular Formula: C16H17ClN2O. Molecular Weight: 288.77. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
TEDS State Instruction Manual - Admission Data

This document is the State Instruction Manual for reporting admissions data to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), including the National Outcomes Measures (NOMS) data elements.

Tags: mental-health-treatment, national-outcomes-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-admissions
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Sub-inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin prevent quinolone-resistance in a penicillin-resistant isolate of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Background
          The continuous spread of penicillin-resistant pneumococci represents a permanent threat in the treatment of pneumococcal infections, especially when strains show additional resistance to quinolones. The main objective of this study was to determine a treatment modality impeding the emergence of quinolone resistance.
        
        
          Results
          Exposure of a penicillin-resistant pneumococcus to increasing concentrations of trovafloxacin or ciprofloxacin selected for mutants resistant to these drugs. In the presence of sub-inhibitory concentrations of vancomycin, development of trovafloxacin-resistance and high-level ciprofloxacin-resistance were prevented.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Considering the risk of quinolone-resistance in pneumococci, the observation might be of clinical importance.

Tags: antibiotic-resistance, nih, quinolone-resistance, streptococcus-pneumoniae, vancomycin-effect
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Debate: Statins should be used in patients with heart failure

Treatment to prevent progression of heart failure has been targeted to reverse the consequences of heart failure and to a lesser extent the cause – the atherosclerotic plaque itself. Less than 50% of patients with heart failure are treated with lipid intervention. Heart failure (New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional classes I and II) is associated with an increase in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and triglycerides while high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is lowered. In NYHA class IV, cholesterol is reduced due to depressed production in the liver. Although lipoproteins, especially LDL and HDL, may have some protective effect in binding and neutralising endotoxins released from the intestine during terminal heart failure, observational studies in patients with heart failure strongly suggest that lipid modification with statins may reduce progression of heart failure as well as reducing heart failure mortality.

Tags: cardiovascular-disease, heart-failure, lipid-modification, nih, statin-therapy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The NSDUH Report: State Estimates of Adolescent Cigarette Use and Perceptions of Risk from Smoking: 2009 and 2010

This short report uses 2009 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess cigarette risk perception and cigarette use among adolescents aged 12 to 17 by State. Results are shown by State for 2002-2003 and 2009-2010.

Tags: adolescent-smoking, cigarette-risk-perception, samhsa, state-tobacco-use, youth-tobacco
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
What you should know about PR3-ANCA: Structural aspects of antibodies to proteinase 3 (PR3)

Reactive antigenic epitopes on presumed autoantigens of biologic interest have been examined by many researchers. The central third complementarity-determining region (CDR3) residues of a human monoclonal anti-proteinase 3 (PR3) antibody contained many negatively charged aspartic acid residues, perhaps contributing to its reactivity with positively charged PR3 regions. Examination of four other human monoclonal anti-PR3 antibodies shows a number of negatively charged residues within their CDR3 regions. Mapping of segments of linear PR3-epitopes reacting with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) demonstrated a preliminary estimate of structures contributing to antigenic determinants. T-cell epitopes on PR3 are reported in studies of chronic myeloid leukemia. These T-cell epitopes appear to be human leukocyte antigen (HLA) A2.1 restricted.

Tags: autoantibodies, nih, pr3-anca, proteinase-3, wegeners-granulomatosis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Low-volume jet injection for intradermal immunization in rabbits

Background
          This study tested a low-volume (20–30 μl/20–30 μg DNA) jet injection method for intradermal delivery of a DNA vaccine. Jet injection offers the advantages of a needle-less system, low-cost, rapid preparation of the injected DNA solution, and a simple delivery system. More than one construct can be injected simultaneously and the method may be combined with adjuvants.
        
        
          Results
          Low-volume jet injection targeted delivery of a DNA solution exclusively to the dermis and epidermis of rabbits. A three injection series of plasmid DNA, encoding the Hepatitis B Surface Antigen stimulated a humoral immune response in 2/5 rabbits. One rabbit developed a significant rise in antibody titer after 1 injection and one following 2 injections. There were no significant differences between jet injection and particle bombardment in the maximal antibody titers or number of injections before response. A three injection series of the same plasmid DNA by particle bombardment elicited a significant rise in antibody titer in 3/5 rabbits. One rabbit developed antibody after 1 injection and two after 3 injections. In contrast, 0/5 rabbits receiving DNA by needle and syringe injection responded. In the jet injection and particle bombardment groups, gene expression levels in the skin did not predict response. While immune responses were similar, luciferase gene expression levels in the skin following particle bombardment were 10–100 times higher than jet injection.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Low-volume jet injection is a simple, effective methodology for intradermal DNA immunization.

Tags: dna-vaccine, hepatitis-b, immunization, jet-injection, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525193: Chloromethyl 2-chloroheptanoate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: chloromethyl 2-chloroheptanoate. Molecular Formula: C8H14Cl2O2. Molecular Weight: 213.1. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527354: 16,20-Dimethyl-hentriacontyl cyanide

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 17,21-dimethyldotriacontanenitrile. Molecular Formula: C34H67N. Molecular Weight: 489.9. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Michigan

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Michigan for 2013. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program.  State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, michigan-mental-health, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Viruses, dendritic cells and the lung

The interaction between viruses and dendritic cells (DCs) is varied and complex. DCs are key elements in the development of a host response to pathogens such as viruses, but viruses have developed survival tactics to either evade or diminish the immune system that functions to kill and eliminate these micro-organisms. In the present review we summarize current concepts regarding the function of DCs in the immune system, our understanding of how viruses alter DC function to attenuate both the virus-specific and global immune response, and how we may be able to exploit DC function to prevent or treat viral infections.

Tags: dendritic-cells, immune-response, lung-inflammation, nih, viral-infection
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The missions of medical schools:

Mission statements and role documents of medical schools in the United Kingdom, United States, Canada and Australia have been examined on their Internet Web sites and categorised in purpose, content and presentation. The format and content are highly variable, but there is a common vision of three integral roles, namely, education, advancement of knowledge and service to society. Other frequent themes include tradition and historical perspective, service for designated communities, and benchmarking to accreditation standards. Differences in content reflect variable interpretation of the notion of "mission", and local or national characteristics such as institutional affiliations, the types, levels and organisation of medical education, relationships with health systems, and extent of multi-professional education. Outcomes data and measures of medical school performance referenced to the institution's stated missions are rarely encountered.
        Mission documents placed on the Internet are in the public domain. These Web sites and documents and linked information constitute a valuable new resource for international exchange of approaches and ideas in medical education and generally in academic medicine. Routine inclusion of outcome or performance data could help to demonstrate the community roles and social accountability of medical schools This paper proposes that partial standardisation of these Web documents could enhance their value both internally and for external readers. A generic descriptive statement template is offered.

Tags: health-service-roles, medical-education-goals, medical-school-missions, medical-school-performance, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2017 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Hawaii

This is the 2017 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Hawaii. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: hawaii-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Adult Mental Health Tables (Standard Errors and P Values) - 1.1 to 1.78

These detailed tables present standard errors for totals and prevalence estimates of mental health related issues among adults aged 18 or older from the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Tables with data on adults include measures on any mental illness (AMI), serious mental illness (SMI), moderate mental illness, low (mild) mental illness, mental health service utilization (i.e., mental health treatment or counseling), suicidal thoughts and behaviors, major depressive episode (MDE), treatment for depression (among adults with MDE), and serious psychological distress (SPD), and co-occurrence of mental disorders with substance use or with substance use disorders. Results are provided by age group, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, employment status, county type, poverty level, insurance status, overal health, and geographic area. Comparisons are made between 2012 and 2011.

Tags: adult-mental-health, mental-health-statistics, nsduh-survey, samhsa, serious-mental-illness
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A randomised controlled trial of a patient based Diabetes recall and Management system: the DREAM trial: A study protocol [ISRCTN32042030]

Background
          Whilst there is broad agreement on what constitutes high quality health care for people with diabetes, there is little consensus on the most efficient way of delivering it. Structured recall systems can improve the quality of care but the systems evaluated to date have been of limited sophistication and the evaluations have been carried out in small numbers of relatively unrepresentative settings. Hartlepool, Easington and Stockton currently operate a computerised diabetes register which has to date produced improvements in the quality of care but performance has now plateaued leaving substantial scope for further improvement. This study will evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of an area wide 'extended' system incorporating a full structured recall and management system, actively involving patients and including clinical management prompts to primary care clinicians based on locally-adapted evidence based guidelines.
        
        
          Methods
          The study design is a two-armed cluster randomised controlled trial of 61 practices incorporating evaluations of the effectiveness of the system, its economic impact and its impact on patient wellbeing and functioning.

Tags: diabetes-management, nih, patient-engagement, randomized-controlled-trial, recall-system
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
4.19 Facility funding, by facility operation and primary focus of facility: 2011. Number and percent

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing facility funding, by facility operation and primary focus of facility in 2011. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: facility-funding, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-services
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 7. Cocaine Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2010 and 2011 NSDUHs

This report presents State estimates for measures of past year cocaine use other than marijuana based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Resuts are provided by age group.

Tags: cocaine-use, drug-abuse, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS): 1998 Data on Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

This report presents results from the 1998 Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS), an annual survey of facilities providing substance abuse treatment. Conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the UFDS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcoholism and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: alcoholism-treatment, drug-abuse-treatment, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facility-survey
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Pathological apoptosis by xanthurenic acid, a tryptophan metabolite: activation of cell caspases but not cytoskeleton breakdown

Background
          A family of aspartate-specific cysteinyl proteases, named caspases, mediates programmed cell death, apoptosis. In this function, caspases are important for physiological processes such as development and maintenance of organ homeostasis. Caspases are, however, also engaged in aging and disease development. The factors inducing age-related caspase activation are not known. Xanthurenic acid, a product of tryptophan degradation, is present in blood and urine, and accumulates in organs with aging.
        
        
          Results
          Here, we report triggering of apoptotic key events by xanthurenic acid in vascular smooth muscle and retinal pigment epithelium cells. Upon exposure of these cells to xanthurenic acid a degradation of ICAD/DFF45, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase, and gelsolin was observed, giving a pattern of protein cleavage characteristic for caspase-3 activity. Active caspase-3, -8 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence. In the presence of xanthurenic acid the amino-terminal fragment of gelsolin bound to the cytoskeleton, but did not lead to the usually observed cytoskeleton breakdown. Xanthurenic acid also caused mitochondrial migration, cytochrome C release, and destruction of mitochondria and nuclei.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results indicate that xanthurenic acid is a previously not recognized endogenous cell death factor. Its accumulation in cells may lead to accelerated caspase activation related to aging and disease development.

Tags: apoptosis, caspase-activation, nih, tryptophan-metabolite, xanthurenic-acid
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Integrating Harm Reduction Strategies into Services and Supports for Young Adults Experiencing Homelessness

The Administration for Children and Families (ACF) is committed to promoting the economic and social well-being of children, youth, families, individuals, and communities. As part of our work, we support the HHS Overdose Prevention Strategy
  
  

 (OPS) to ensure individuals with a substance use disorder (SUD) are supported and connected to substance use treatment, human services, and other necessary resources. Harm reduction
  
  

, an evidence-based approach critical to engaging with people who use drugs and equipping them with life-saving tools and information, is one of the four priority areas in the agency’s overdose prevention strategy. This brief provides information and resources about harm reduction services for young adults experiencing homelessness.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: abuse, policy, prevention, scope, substance
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Republic of Palau

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, palau, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services