AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Simulated Soil Water Potential in National Parks and Monuments of the Southern Colorado Plateau, 1915-2099—Data

These data were simulated using the SOILWAT model and were intended to characterize soil-water conditions at different ecological sites on the Southern Colorado Plateau. SOILWAT is a daily, site-specific, multi soil-layer, ecosystem water-balance model, driven by daily meteorology, as well as site soil texture and vegetation. The sites simulated correspond with Inventory and Monitoring (I&amp;M) plots established by the National Park Service’s (NPS) Southern Colorado Plateau Network (SCPN), which were established to capture the range of ecosystem conditions present in this network. Plant communities of the Southern Colorado Plateau Net- work (SCPN) are a vital sign for this region, enhancing habitat, stabilizing soils, and moderating hydrology. However, these ecosystems are water-limited, and global climate models predict continued warming and seasonally dryer conditions through-out the 21st century. Recent drought-induced plant mortality events underscore the vulnerability to changing water availability. While climate projections are readily available, anticipating the consequences for plant communities in these dryland areas requires insight into soil moisture availability, which is influenced by both climate and soil profile conditions.

Tags: arizona, aztec-ruins-national-monument, bandelier-national-monument, chaco-culture-national-monument, climate, climate-change, colorado-plateau, drought, future-projections, glen-canyon-national-recreation-area, grand-canyon-national-park, historical-trends, hydrology, management, mesa-verde-national-park, ndvi, new-mexico, normalized-difference-vegetation-index, petrified-forest-national-park, petroglyph-national-monument, plant-and-soil-water-relationships, soil-water-potential, soils, southern-colorado-plateau, southwest, usgs-59d27fbfe4b05fe04cc2366b, wupatki-national-monument
Organization: Department of the Interior
Velocity, depth, and selected water quality profiles of the Lower Penobscot River Estuary in Maine, 2017

This data release includes transect data comprising velocity and depths collected by use of an acoustic-doppler current profiler (ADCP), and vertical profile data comprising conductivity, temperature, and depth by use of a conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) instrument, as well as tide elevation data at specified locations in the lower Penobscot River and Penobscot Bay (the Penobscot River Estuary).

Tags: estuarine-currents, maine, penobscot-river, stream-current, streamflow, usgs-59d2818ae4b05fe04cc23672, water-temperature
Organization: Department of the Interior
Climatic suitability models and assessments for plant species and communities of the Southwestern US

These data were compiled to assess potential changes in the climatic suitability for 66 species (dominant and associate plant species) and forecast climate exposure for 29 major plant communities within major plant communities in the southwestern United States. An objective of our study was that species within plant communities have unique climate suitability signatures and forecast changes in climatic suitability will not be uniform within the species respective communities or among species within the community. The climate suitability spatial models were developed under a modern baseline (1960-90) and future climate scenario (2041-2060) using Maxent and WorldClim temperature and precipitation variables. Plant species were chosen that are characteristic species of plant communities in the southwest as mapped by GAP/LANDFIRE National Terrestrial Ecosystems v1 (USGS-Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Library – Gap Analysis Project, 2011). Monthly average minimum and maximum temperature and monthly total precipitation values were acquired from WorldClim v1.4 for current climate conditions and Community Climate System Model 4.0 (CCSM4, Gent et al. 2011) representative concentration pathway (rcp) models, 4.5 and 8.5, for the future climate scenario. The climate exposure spatial models are represented as a composite score of the climate exposure of characteristic plants for each community. Baseline climate exposure rasters represent a baseline climate change and were developed for current climate conditions (~1960-1990) from WordlClim v1.4 data. Climate exposure ratings are forecast for the period 2040-60 using the Community Climate System Model v4 (CCSM4) for Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5. Climate exposure is indicated as a categorical score (1-5) that is a composite of climate suitability scores for characteristic plant species identified for each plant community and represents a range of climate exposure ratings from unfavorable to best climatic suitability. Plant communities are represented as mapped by the USGS – Core Science Analytics, Synthesis, and Library – Gap Analysis Project, 2011 (Gap Landcover).

Tags: air-temperature, arizona, atmospheric-and-climatic-processes, biogeography, biota, california, ccsm4, climate-change, climate-exposure, climate-suitability-models, colorado, community-climate-system-model-v4, ecological-processes, environment, machine-learning, mathematical-modeling, maxent, nevada, new-mexico, plant-communities, plant-species, precipitation-atmospheric, raster-data, rcp, relative-climatic-suitability, representative-concentration-pathways-rcp-4-5, representative-concentration-pathways-rcp-8-5, southwest-united-states, spatial-forecasts, usgs-59d3abb7e4b05fe04cc3d105, utah
Organization: Department of the Interior
Modeled Historical Land Use and Land Cover for the Conterminous United States: 1938-1992

The landscape of the conterminous United States has changed dramatically over the last 200 years, with agricultural land use, urban expansion, forestry, and other anthropogenic activities altering land cover across vast swaths of the country. While land use and land cover (LULC) models have been developed to model potential future LULC change, few efforts have focused on recreating historical landscapes. Researchers at the US Geological Survey have used a wide range of historical data sources and a spatially explicit modeling framework to model spatially explicit historical LULC change in the conterminous United States from 1992 back to 1938. Annual LULC maps were produced at 250-m resolution, with 14 LULC classes. Assessment of model results showed good agreement with trends and spatial patterns in historical data sources such as the Census
of Agriculture and historical housing density data, although comparison with historical data is complicated by definitional and methodological differences. The completion of this dataset allows researchers to assess historical LULC impacts on a range of ecological processes.

Tags: 1938-1992, backcast, conterminous-united-states, conus, fore-sce, historical, land-cover, land-use, model, united-states, usgs, usgs-59d3c73de4b05fe04cc3d1d1
Organization: Department of the Interior
Combined remote sensing and water-balance evapotranspiration estimates (SSEBop-WB) for the conterminous United States

This dataset includes 1km resolution monthly timescale estimates of evapotranspiration (ET) for the 2000-2015 timespan. These new SSEBop-WB estimates were developed by combining a previously published long-term annual average evapotranspiration map based on water balance constraints with the SSEBop remote sensing ET product (see Associated Items). The combination aims to leverage the advantages of each approach in gaining both the temporal resolution of remote sensing data and the long-term magnitude constraints of ground-based data. 
This data release also includes other supporting data associated with the publication of these estimation methods in a concurrent journal article. Analyses in the journal article included comparisons between SSEBop ET, the MOD16 remote sensing ET product, and the new SSEBop-WB ET in a variety of settings against ET data from 119 flux towers across the U.S. Residuals between the remote sensing methods and the flux tower data were mapped spatially, and these maps are included in the data release as well. 
The methods are fully described in the forthcoming article accepted for publication in Remote Sensing as of November 2017; this dataset will be updated with its full citation when available. See also the metadata file for additional information, or contact the authors with questions.

Tags: evapotranspiration, usgs-59d3d13ce4b05fe04cc3d278, water-budget, water-resources
Organization: Department of the Interior
Logistic Regression Samples - Forest harvest patterns on private lands in the Cascade Mountains, Washington, USA

Forests in Washington State generate substantial economic revenue from commercial timber harvesting on private lands. To investigate the rates, causes, and spatial and temporal patterns of forest harvest on private tracts throughout the central Cascade Mountain area, we relied on a new generation of annual land-use/land-cover (LULC) products created from the application of the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to Landsat satellite imagery collected from 1985 to 2014. We calculated metrics of landscape pattern using patches of intact and harvested forest patches identified in each annual layer to identify changes throughout the time series. Patch dynamics revealed four distinct eras of logging trends that align with prevailing regulations and economic conditions. We used multiple logistic regression to determine the biophysical and anthropogenic factors that influence fine-scale selection of harvest stands in each time period. Results show that private forestland became significantly reduced and more fragmented from 1985 to 2014. Variables linked to parameters of site conditions, location, climate, and vegetation greenness consistently distinguished harvest selection for each distinct era. This study demonstrates the utility of annual LULC data for investigating the underlying factors that influence land cover change.

Tags: cascade-mountains, cascade-range, forest-ecosystems, forest-resources, geoscientificinformation, image-collections-and-multispectral-imaging, imagerybasemapsearthcover, lcmap-ccdc-land-use-land-cover-land-change-forest-harvest, united-states, usgs-59d3f5c2e4b05fe04cc3d33a, washington-state
Organization: Department of the Interior
Patch Statistics - Forest harvest patterns on private lands in the Cascade Mountains, Washington, USA

Forests in Washington State generate substantial economic revenue from commercial timber harvesting on private lands. To investigate the rates, causes, and spatial and temporal patterns of forest harvest on private tracts throughout the central Cascade Mountain area, we relied on a new generation of annual land-use/land-cover (LULC) products created from the application of the Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm to Landsat satellite imagery collected from 1985 to 2014. We calculated metrics of landscape pattern using patches of intact and harvested forest patches identified in each annual layer to identify changes throughout the time series. Patch dynamics revealed four distinct eras of logging trends that align with prevailing regulations and economic conditions. We used multiple logistic regression to determine the biophysical and anthropogenic factors that influence fine-scale selection of harvest stands in each time period. Results show that private forestland became significantly reduced and more fragmented from 1985 to 2014. Variables linked to parameters of site conditions, location, climate, and vegetation greenness consistently distinguished harvest selection for each distinct era. This study demonstrates the utility of annual LULC data for investigating the underlying factors that influence land cover change.

Tags: cascade-mountains, cascade-range, forest-ecosystems, forest-resources, geoscientificinformation, image-collections-and-multispectral-imaging, imagerybasemapsearthcover, lcmap-ccdc-land-use-land-cover-land-change-forest-harvest, united-states, usgs-59d3f60fe4b05fe04cc3d33f, washington-state
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network 1985-2014: WRTDS Output Data

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended-sediment loads, and changes in loads, in rivers across the Chesapeake Bay watershed have been calculated using monitoring data from the Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network (NTN) stations for the period 1985 through 2014. Nutrient and suspended-sediment loads and changes in loads were determined by applying a weighted regression approach called WRTDS (Weighted Regression on  Time, Discharge, and Season).  The load results represent the total mass of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment that was exported from each of the NTN watersheds.  To determine the trend in loads, the annual load results are flow normalized to integrate out the year-to-year variability in river discharge.  The trend in load is derived from the flow-normalized load timeseries and represents the change in load resulting from changes in sources, delays associated with storage or transport of historical inputs, and (or) implemented management actions.

Tags: load-analysis, nitrogen, nutrient-content, phosphorus, suspended-sediment, usgs-59d4e4d1e4b05fe04cc532d1, water-quality, wrtds
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network 1985-2014: WRTDS Input Data

Nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended-sediment loads, and changes in loads, in rivers across the Chesapeake Bay watershed have been calculated using monitoring data from the Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network (NTN) stations for the period 1985 through 2014. Nutrient and suspended-sediment loads and changes in loads were determined by applying a weighted regression approach called WRTDS (Weighted Regression on  Time, Discharge, and Season).  The load results represent the total mass of nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended sediment that was exported from each of the NTN watersheds.  To determine the trend in loads, the annual load results are flow normalized to integrate out the year-to-year variability in river discharge.  The trend in load is derived from the flow-normalized load timeseries and represents the change in load resulting from changes in sources, delays associated with storage or transport of historical inputs, and (or) implemented management actions.

Tags: load-analysis, nitrogen, nutrient-content, phosphorus, suspended-sediment, usgs-59d50531e4b05fe04cc53442, water-quality, wrtds
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data for Plant production responses to precipitation differ along an elevation gradient and are enhanced under extremes (Northern Arizona, 1991-2016)

This dataset is from a precipitation manipulation experiment conducted at five grassland sites along an elevation gradient near Flagstaff, AZ. The data consist of pre- (1991 - 2015) and post-experimental (2016) treatment plant production and precipitation measurements. The plant production measurements were taken from satellite and hand-held spectroradiometer, in addition to plot-based harvests at the end of growing season.

Tags: arizona, biomass, drought, grassland, southwestern-u-s, usgs-59d51826e4b05fe04cc5351a
Organization: Department of the Interior
Fish tissue mercury and selenium concentrations in Upper Colorado River Basin: 1962-2011

These data were compiled to study mercury and selenium concentrations in fish species and assemblages in lotic waterbodies across the Upper Colorado River Basin. Data were compiled from State and Federal agencies. This data table contains raw concentration data, as well as standardized concentrations corrected for differences based on sample type (i.e., tissue type), species-specific bioaccumulation rates (Table S1), and fish size (Table S2). The data were used in linear mixed effects models to estimate average mercury and selenium concentration in fish species and in fish assemblages, including fish total length (cm), sampling location (Sub basin name and GPS coordinates), and sampling year (Figures 2,3, and 4 from manuscript).

Tags: arizona, bioaccumulation, biota, colorado, colorado-headwaters, colorado-river, dirty-devil-river, dolores-river, endangered-species, environment, fish, fish-samples, fish-tissue, fishes, great-divide-upper-green-river, green-river, gunnison, gunnison-river, lower-green, mercury, mercury-contamination, new-mexico, san-juan, san-juan-river, selenium, selenium-concentration, upper-colorado-dirty-devil, upper-colorado-dolores, upper-colorado-river-basin, usgs-59d63a6ee4b05fe04cc6ae79, utah, white-river, white-yampa, yampa-river
Organization: Department of the Interior
Gas and heat emission measurements in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park (May-October 2016)

From 14 May to 6 October 2016 measurements of gas and heat emissions were made at Bison Flat, an acid-sulfate, vapor-dominated area (0.04-km2) of Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY.  An eddy covariance system measured half-hourly CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, wind speed and direction, soil moisture and rainfall. A Multi-GAS instrument measured (1 Hz frequency) atmospheric H2O, CO2 and H2S volumetric mixing ratios, air pressure, temperature and relative humidity and wind speed and direction. Soil CO2 fluxes and temperature profiles were also measured on a grid using the accumulation chamber method and thermocouple probes, respectively.  These data were used to derive hydrothermal CO2 and heat emission rates and characterize the chemical compositions of fumarole and soil-gas emissions.  The eddy covariance, Multi-GAS and soil CO2 flux and temperature data sets are saved in spreadsheets in the *.csv format.

Tags: eddy-covariance, gas, heat, hydrothermal-processes, multi-gas, usgs-59d68f84e4b05fe04cc6b209
Organization: Department of the Interior
The Lethality of Hot Water and Ozone on Aquatic Invasive Species: Data

The spread of Aquatic Invasive Species (AIS) between the Great Lakes and Mississippi River Basin by way of the Chicago Area Waterway System (CAWS) is a pressing concern to resource managers in the Midwest region. Augmenting this spread are watercrafts traveling though the CAWS locks and dams. AIS are able to attach to boat hulls, equipment, or are present in the surrounding water during lock transfers. It has been proposed that chemically treating boats during lock transfers would be an effective way to reduce the spread of AIS. Of a range of treatments identified as candidates to do this, hot water and dissolved ozone ranked high as effective treatments causing the least amount of environmental impact. This study assessed the lethality of hot water and dissolved ozone, separately and in combination, on select AIS in a laboratory setting. Species were exposed to water temperatures ranging from 18 to 50°C, ozone concentrations ranging from 0 to 920 ORP (Oxidation-Reduction Potential), and exposure durations ranging from 10 to 60 min to find treatments capable of inducing 100% mortality. Results indicated that water at 45°C achieved 100% mortality in all species tested with a 10 min exposure. Ozone concentrations induced significant mortality to all species tested, particularly when combined with elevated temperatures.

Tags: aquatic-invasive-species, chicago-area-waterway-system, great-lakes, mississippi-river-basin, non-physical-barrier, usgs-59d791bbe4b05fe04cc81bfa
Organization: Department of the Interior
Bathymetric and hydrodynamic surveys of Lake Michigan nearshore near Ogden Dunes/Burns Harbor, Indiana

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is evaluating the placement of dredged material in the nearshore areas of Lake Michigan as a means to replenish sand at selected beaches. In order to elucidate the physical processes in the nearshore environment that transport and distribute sand to the beach, the USACE-Chicago District and the US Geological Survey (USGS) developed a plan for a beach nourishment study on Lake Michigan near Burns Harbor/Ogden Dunes, Indiana. As part of this plan, the USGS conducted hydrodynamic and bathymetric surveys of the study area before and after placement of dredged material in the nearshore zone. The planned placement of dredge material in the study area occurred between June 15, 2016 and July 15, 2016. A second, unplanned placement of dredge material in the study area was observed on September 8, 2016. On June 2, 2016, the USGS deployed two upward-profiling acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) to the Burns Harbor/Ogden Dunes study area to collect wave/current data. Data was recovered from only one of these upward-profiling ADCPs. Additionally, a series of five bathymetric surveys with a boat-mounted ADCP, two topographic surveys with a Real Time Kinematic differential Global Positioning System (RTK-dGPS), and two bathymetric surveys with a Multibeam Echosounder (MBES) were completed in the study area between June 2016 and November 2016.

Tags: acoustic-doppler-current-profiling, bathymetry, beach-nourishment, burns-harbor, hydrodynamics, indiana, lake-michigan, multibeam-sonar, ogden-dunes, portage-in, porter-county, usgs-59d79252e4b05fe04cc81c03
Organization: Department of the Interior
ADCP bathymetry of Lake Michigan nearshore near Ogden Dunes/Burns Harbor, Indiana

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is evaluating the placement of dredged material in the nearshore areas of Lake Michigan as a means to replenish sand at selected beaches. In order to elucidate the physical processes in the nearshore environment that transport and distribute sand to the beach, the USACE-Chicago District and the US Geological Survey (USGS) developed a plan for a beach nourishment study on Lake Michigan near Burns Harbor/Ogden Dunes, Indiana. In support of this effort, five bathymetric surveys with a boat-mounted Teledyne RDI 1200 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) were completed in the study area. ADCP data were collected using WinRiverII and exported for post-processing in The Velocity Mapping Toolbox (VMT) (Parsons et al., 2013). A tide file of water surface elevations for each transect in each survey was derived from the nearest USGS gaging station (Portage-Burns Waterway at Portage, IN; gage number 04095090; USGS National Water Information System, http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7P55KJN) and used to convert the ADCP-measured depths into bed elevations with the Export Multibeam Bathymetry tool in VMT. 
The surveys occurred on the following dates: June 2, 2016, July 20, 2016, September 8, 2016; October 11-12, 2016, and November 15, 2016. These survey dates bracket a planned placement of dredged material in the study area that occurred between June 15, 2016 and July15, 2016. In addition to the planned placement of dredge material, an independent dredging barge was observed working in the study area on Sept. 8, 2016. 
Parsons, D. R., Jackson, P. R., Czuba, J. A., Engel, F. L., Rhoads, B. L., Oberg, K. A., Best, J. L., Mueller, D. S., Johnson, K. K. and Riley, J. D. (2013), Velocity Mapping Toolbox (VMT): a processing and visualization suite for moving-vessel ADCP measurements. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms, 38: 1244–1260. doi: 10.1002/esp.3367

Tags: acoustic-doppler-current-profiling, bathymetry, beach-nourishment, burns-harbor, indiana, lake-michigan, ogden-dunes, portage-in, porter-county, usgs-59d7b0d7e4b05fe04cc81c3a
Organization: Department of the Interior