AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Message to complementary and alternative medicine: evidence is a better friend than power

Background
          Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is being embraced by an increasing number of practitioners and advocates of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). A significant constituency within CAM, however, appears to have substantive doubts about EBM and some are expressly hostile.
        
        
          Discussion
          Many of the arguments raised against EBM within the CAM community are based on a caricature radically at odds with established, accepted and published principles of EBM practice. Contrary to what has sometimes been argued, EBM is not cookbook medicine that ignores individual needs. Neither does EBM mandate that only proven therapies should be used. Before EBM, decisions on health care tended to be based on tradition, power and influence. Such modes usually act to the disadvantage of marginal groups.
        
        
          Conclusion
          By placing CAM on an equal footing with conventional medicine - what matters for both is evidence of effectiveness - EBM provides an opportunity for CAM to find an appropriate and just place in health care.

Tags: complementary-alternative-medicine, evidence-based-medicine, healthcare-decision-making, integrative-medicine, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528560: 3-Ethyltetradecane

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 3-ethyltetradecane. Molecular Formula: C16H34. Molecular Weight: 226.44. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Surfactant gene polymorphisms and interstitial lung diseases

Pulmonary surfactant is a complex mixture of phospholipids and proteins, which is present in the alveolar lining fluid and is essential for normal lung function. Alterations in surfactant composition have been reported in several interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). Furthermore, a mutation in the surfactant protein C gene that results in complete absence of the protein has been shown to be associated with familial ILD. The role of surfactant in lung disease is therefore drawing increasing attention following the elucidation of the genetic basis underlying its surface expression and the proof of surfactant abnormalities in ILD.

Tags: gene-polymorphism, ild-genetics, lung-disease, nih, surfactant-proteins
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Isolation and characterization of new

Background
          Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are essential for facilitated, directional nuclear transport; however, the mechanism by which ~30 different nucleoporins (nups) are assembled into NPCs is unknown. We combined a genetic strategy in Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Green Fluorescence Protein (GFP) technology to identify mutants in NPC structure, assembly, and localization. To identify such mutants, a bank of temperature sensitive strains was generated and examined by fluorescence microscopy for mislocalization of GFP-tagged nups at the non-permissive temperature.
        
        
          Results
          A total of 121 mutant strains were isolated, with most showing GFP-Nic96 and Nup170-GFP mislocalized to discrete, cytoplasmic foci. By electron microscopy, several mutants also displayed an expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Complementation analysis identified several mutant groups with defects in components required for ER/Golgi trafficking (sec13, sec23, sec27, and bet3). By directed testing, we found that mutant alleles of all COPII components resulted in altered GFP-Nup localization. Finally, at least nine unknown complementation groups were identified that lack secretion defects.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The isolation of sec mutants in the screen could reflect a direct role for vesicle fusion or the COPII coat during NPC assembly; however, only those sec mutants that altered ER structure affected Nup localization. This suggests that the GFP-Nup mislocalization phenotypes observed in these mutants were the indirect result of overproliferation of the ER and connected outer nuclear envelope. The identification of potentially novel mutants with no secretory defects suggests the distinct GFP-Nup localization defects in other mutants in the collection will provide insights into NPC structure and assembly.

Tags: endoplasmic-reticulum, nih, nuclear-pore-complexes, nucleoporins, saccharomyces-cerevisiae
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Conservation of the binding site for the arginine repressor in all bacterial lineages

Background:
          The arginine repressor ArgR/AhrC is a transcription factor universally conserved in bacterial genomes. Its recognition signal (the ARG box), a weak palindrome, is also conserved between genomes, despite a very low degree of similarity between individual sites within a genome. Thus, the arginine repressor is different from two other universal transcription factors - HrcA, whose recognition signal is very strongly conserved both within and between genomes, and LexA/DinR, whose signal is strongly conserved within, but not between, genomes. The arginine regulon is well studied in Escherichia coli and to some extent in Bacillus subtilis and some other genomes. Here, we apply the comparative genomic approach to the prediction of the ArgR-binding sites in all completely sequenced bacterial genomes.
        
        
          Results:
          Orthologs of ArgR/AhrC were identified in the complete genomes of E. coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Vibrio choleras, B. subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Thermotoga maritima, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Deinococcus radiodurans. Candidate arginine repressor binding sites were identified upstream of arginine transport and metabolism genes.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          We found that the ArgR/AhrC recognition signal is conserved in all genomes that contain genes encoding orthologous transcription factors of this family. All genomes studied except M. tuberculosis contain ABC transport cassettes (related to the Art system of E. coli) belonging to the candidate arginine regulons.

Tags: arginine-repressor, argr-binding-sites, bacterial-genomes, nih, transcription-factor
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A new automated method for the determination of the Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) of human plasma, based on the crocin bleaching assay

Background
          Antioxidant molecules, which scavenge free radical species to prevent or delay oxidative damage of important macromolecules, membrane lipids and lipoproteins, are prevalent in plasma and other biological fluids. Among them, bilirubin, uric acid and protein thiols are the major endogenous antioxidants, while vitamins C and E, as well as a number of food-derived (poly)aromatic substances, belonging to stilbens, flavonoids and phenolic acids, are the main classes of nutritional antioxidants. Assays for total antioxidant capacity in plasma differ in their type of oxidation source, target and measurement used to detect the oxidized product.
        
        
          Methods
          In the present work we present an automated assay for the estimation of blood total antioxidant capacity (TAC assay), based on the crocin bleaching (oxidation) method. This method was adapted on a modern autoanalyzer, was linear over a wide range of values (0–3 mmol/L), and performed using an end point measurement.
        
        
          Results
          The TAC method presented a linear correlation with another automated commercial Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) test. Detection of the interference of different metabolites revealed a significant participation of TAC from uric acid, bilirubin, albumin, a minor interference from ascorbic acid, and no interference from hemoglobin. TAC was not modified by two freeze/thawing cycles, and was stable in samples stored at room temperature for 4 hours. K-EDTA and heparin were the best anticoagulants, while citrate decreased TAC by 20%. Reference values derived from samples of normal blood donors was 1.175 ± 0.007 mmol/L (mean ± SEM), while a diet rich in antioxidants more than doubled this value.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The proposed TAC assay, is fully automated, stable and reliable, and could be of value in the estimation of the AC of plasma. It is further proposed to calculate the antioxidant capacity of plasma after a subtraction of all interference deriving from endogenous and/or exogenous metabolites. The antioxidant capacity of plasma thus calculated can be used as a useful indicator of the antioxidant value of foods and beverages in the daily diet.

Tags: crocin-bleaching-assay, nih, oxidative-stress-biomarkers, plasma-antioxidant-levels, total-antioxidant-capacity
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: a tool for real-time,

Background
          Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) can be used to measure trace element concentrations in solids, liquids and gases, with spatial resolution and absolute quantifaction being feasible, down to parts-per-million concentration levels. Some applications of LIBS do not necessarily require exact, quantitative measurements. These include applications in dentistry, which are of a more "identify-and-sort" nature – e.g. identification of teeth affected by caries.
        
        
          Methods
          A one-fibre light delivery / collection assembly for LIBS analysis was used, which in principle lends itself for routine in vitro / in vivo applications in a dental practice. A number of evaluation algorithms for LIBS data can be used to assess the similarity of a spectrum, measured at specific sample locations, with a training set of reference spectra. Here, the description has been restricted to one pattern recognition algorithm, namely the so-called Mahalanobis Distance method.
        
        
          Results
          The plasma created when the laser pulse ablates the sample (in vitro / in vivo), was spectrally analysed. We demonstrated that, using the Mahalanobis Distance pattern recognition algorithm, we could unambiguously determine the identity of an "unknown" tooth sample in real time. Based on single spectra obtained from the sample, the transition from caries-affected to healthy tooth material could be distinguished, with high spatial resolution.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The combination of LIBS and pattern recognition algorithms provides a potentially useful tool for dentists for fast material identification problems, such as for example the precise control of the laser drilling / cleaning process.

Tags: dental-caries-detection, laser-induced-breakdown-spectroscopy, nih, spectroscopy, trace-element-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 25. Any Mental Illness in the Past Year among Persons Aged 18 or Older, by State and Substate Regions: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2008, 2009, and 2010 NSDUHs

This table presents the 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) estimates of past year any mental illness among those aged 18 or older by State and substate regions.

Tags: adult-mental-health, mental-illness-prevalence, nsduh-data, samhsa, state-level-estimates
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Assessing the quality of reports of randomized trials in pediatric complementary and alternative medicine

Objective
          To evaluate the quality of reports of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the pediatric population. We also examined whether there was a change in the quality of reporting over time.
        
        
          Methods
          We used a systematic sample of 251 reports of RCTs that used a CAM intervention. The quality of each report was assessed using the number of CONSORT checklist items included, the frequency of unclear allocation concealment, and a 5-point quality assessment instrument.
        
        
          Results
          Nearly half (40%) of the CONSORT checklist items were included in the reports, with an increase in the number of items included. The majority (81.3%) of RCTs reported unclear allocation concealment with no significant change over time. The quality of reports achieved approximately 40% of their maximum possible total score as assessed with the Jadad scale with no change over time. Information regarding adverse events was reported in less than one quarter of the RCTs (22%) and information regarding costs was mentioned in only a minority of reports (4%).
        
        
          Conclusions
          RCTs are an important tool for evidence based health care decisions. If these studies are to be relevant in the evaluation of CAM interventions it is important that they are conducted and reported with the highest possible standards. There is a need to redouble efforts to ensure that children and their families are participating in RCTs that are conducted and reported with minimal bias. Such studies will increase their usefulness to a board spectrum of interested stakeholders.

Tags: allocation-concealment, consort-checklist, nih, pediatric-cam, randomized-controlled-trials
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527302: 3-Phenyl-2-propen-1-yl heptanoate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 3-phenylprop-2-enyl heptanoate. Molecular Formula: C16H22O2. Molecular Weight: 246.34. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 24. Any Mental Illness in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2010 and 2011 NSDUHs

This report presents State estimates for any mental illness in the past year based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Resuts are provided by age group.

Tags: age-group-analysis, mental-illness-prevalence, nsduh-survey, samhsa, state-level-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for South Carolina

This is the 2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for South Carolina. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, south-carolina, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525281: N'-Isobutyl-N,N-dimethyl-acetamidine

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: N,N-dimethyl-N'-(2-methylpropyl)ethanimidamide. Molecular Formula: C8H18N2. Molecular Weight: 142.24. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527255: 2,2,2-Trichloroethyl octanoate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2,2,2-trichloroethyl octanoate. Molecular Formula: C10H17Cl3O2. Molecular Weight: 275.6. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Utah: 2011-2012 NSDUH

This report presents Utah\'s estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2011 and 2012 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use, utah-survey
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Study and Report to Congress Relating to Immunity from Prosecution for Professional Consultation in Suspected and Known Instances of Child Abuse and Neglect

This 2013 report provides an overview of the information collected from professionals involved with responding to and investigating child abuse and neglect who are affected by immunity issues and provides a summary of state statutes on immunity.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: abuse, child, neglect, policy, reporting
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Toll-like receptors: the key to the stable door?

Severe sepsis continues to lead to critical illness. Few therapeutic options exist other than antibiotic therapy and general supportive care. Large numbers of patients continue to die as a consequence of overactivation of the host inflammatory response and the resultant coagulopathy and disregulation of the normal controls of vasoactive tone. It is now known that a critical part of this host response occurs at the level of innate defence, without the need for antigen processing or the clonal expansion of cells targeted against the invading pathogen. This commentary will discuss the therapeutic targets revealed by our new understanding of the Toll-like receptor. The potential clinical difficulties that may result from intervention at this pattern-recognition receptor will also be explored.

Tags: innate-immunity, nih, septic-shock, severe-sepsis, toll-like-receptors
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Impact of UVA exposure on psychological parameters and circulating serotonin and melatonin

Background
          People tend to feel better after exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This study was performed to investigate the impact of UVA exposure on psychological and neuroendocrine parameters.
        
        
          Methods
          Fifty-three volunteers were separated into 42 individuals who had UVA exposure and 11 individuals who had no UVA exposure. The UVA-exposed volunteers had irradiation sessions six times in a three-week period. All volunteers completed two questionnaires at baseline (T1) and at the end of the study (T3). For the determination of serotonin and melatonin serum levels of all volunteers blood samples were collected at baseline (T1), after the first UVA exposure (T2), and at the end of the study after the sixth exposure (T3).
        
        
          Results
          UVA-exposed volunteers felt significantly more balanced, less nervous, more strengthened, and more satisfied with their appearance at T3. By contrast, the controls did not show significant changes of psychological parameters. In comparison to T1 and T3, serum serotonin was significantly higher and the serum melatonin was significantly lower for the volunteers exposed to UVA at T2. Both, for exposed and non-exposed volunteers serotonin and melatonin levels did not significantly differ at T1 and T3.
        
        
          Conclusions
          It remains obscure, whether the exposure to UVA or other components of the treatment were responsible for the psychological benefits observed. The changes of circulating neuroendocrine mediators found after UVA exposure at T2 may be due to an UVA-induced effect via a cutaneous pathway. Nevertheless, the positive psychological effects observed in our study cannot be attributed to circulating serotonin or melatonin.

Tags: melatonin-levels, nih, psychological-wellbeing, serotonin-levels, uva-exposure
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Region 2, Volume 6

This is a behavioral health report for HHS Region II of the United States and utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment (N-SSATS), collected annually. The topics addressed in the reports include youth substance use, youth mental health and substance use treatment.

Tags: region-2, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, youth-mental-health, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525319: Lactulose, octakis(trimethylsilyl) ether (isomer 1)

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: trimethyl-[2-trimethylsilyloxy-2,5-bis(trimethylsilyloxymethyl)-4-[3,4,5-tris(trimethylsilyloxy)-6-(trimethylsilyloxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxolan-3-yl]oxysilane. Molecular Formula: C36H86O11Si8. Molecular Weight: 919.7. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527328: Methyl 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]nicotinate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: methyl 2-[3-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]pyridine-3-carboxylate. Molecular Formula: C14H11F3N2O2. Molecular Weight: 296.24. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527276: Pentanoic acid, 4-methyl, 2-chloroethyl ester

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2-chloroethyl 4-methylpentanoate. Molecular Formula: C8H15ClO2. Molecular Weight: 178.65. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Louisiana

2014 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Louisiana. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Publications Using SAMHSA DataBehavioral Health Barometer: Utah, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Utah. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: adult-mental-health, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, utah-behavioral-health, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services