AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Trends in American Homicide, 1968-1978:  Victim-Level Supplementary Homicide Reports

This study was undertaken to standardize the format of 
 national homicide data and to analyze trends over the period 1968-1978. 
 The unit of analysis is the homicide victim, and variables include 
 information on the reporting agency, the circumstances of the incident, 
 and the characteristics of the victim and the offender. Within these 
 categories are variables pertaining to population and city size, 
 victim's and offender's age, race, and sex, and the number of victims 
 and offenders involved in the incident. Information about the incident 
 includes the type of weapon used and the circumstances surrounding the 
incident.

Tags: arrests, assault, crime, demographic-characteristics, murder, victimization, violence
Organization: Department of Justice
Relationships Between Employment and Crime:  A Survey of Brooklyn Residents, 1979-1980

The study was designed to explore the relationship between
employment and involvement with the criminal justice system. Males
arrested primarily for felony offenses were interviewed at the central
booking agency in Brooklyn, New York, at the time of their arrests in
1979. A subsample of 152 arrestees was reinterviewed in 1980. The
data include information on labor market participation, arrests,
periods of incarceration, and the respondents' demographic
characteristics. The labor market information spans a two-year period
prior to those arrests. Arrest history and other criminal justice
data cover the two years prior to arrest and one year following the
arrest. Additional variables supply information on employment and
occupation, social and neighborhood characteristics, and perceptions
of the risk of committing selected crimes.

Tags: arrests, crime, criminal-justice-system, demographic-characteristics, employment, job-history, labor-markets, neighborhood-characteristics, occupations
Organization: Department of Justice
Six-Year Follow-up Study on Career Criminals, 1970-1976: [United States]

The major objective of the Six-year Follow-up Study on
Career Criminals was to provide data describing the effects of
sentencing decisions on the behavior of career criminals. A second
purpose was to develop programs to target career offenders at the time
of sentencing who were likely to commit crimes in the future and
incarcerate them accordingly. The data collection includes detailed
demographic background and complete prior and follow-up criminal
records for each selected offender. There are two types of data sets in
the study, the PSI data set based on pre-sentence investigation (PSI)
reports, and the Parole data set based on Parole Commission records.
The PSI data set describes each offender's demographic background,
criminal history, and court entry/exit history. The Parole data set
contains information about the offender's background characteristics,
prior records of arrests, convictions, dispositions and sentences, and
follow-up records for a period of six years. Arrests are described in
terms of arrest date, offense charge, disposition, result of sentence,
and months incarcerated.

Tags: arrests, crime, criminal-justice-system, demographic-characteristics, parole-hearings, recidivism, recidivists, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Employment Services for Ex-Offenders, 1981-1984:  Boston, Chicago, and San Diego

This study was conducted to test whether job counseling and
placement services, accompanied by intensive follow-up after
placement, would significantly increase the effectiveness of
employment programs for individuals recently released from
prison. Data were collected on personal, criminal, and employment
backgrounds, including the type, duration, and pay of previous
employment, living arrangements, marital status, criminal history, and
characteristics of the employment placement.

Tags: correctional-facilities, crime, crime-prevention, criminal-justice-system, employment, living-conditions, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Police Services Study, Phase II, 1977:  Rochester, St. Louis, and St. Petersburg

The data for this study were collected in order to examine
the delivery of police services in selected
neighborhoods. Performances of police agencies organized in different
ways were compared as they delivered services to different sets of
comparable neighborhoods. For Part 1, Citizen Debriefing Data, data
were drawn from telephone interviews conducted with citizens who were
involved in police-citizen encounters or who requested police services
during the observed shifts. The file contains data on the citizens
involved in observed encounters, their satisfaction with the delivered
services, and neighborhood characteristics. This file includes
variables such as the type of incident, estimated property loss,
police response time, type of action taken by police, citizen
satisfaction with the handling of the problem by police, reasons for
dissatisfaction, the emotional state of the citizen during the
encounter, whom the officers referred the citizen to for help, the
citizen's prior contacts with police, and the citizen's education,
age, sex, and total family income. Part 2, General Shift Information,
contains data describing the shift (i.e., the eight-hour tour of duty
to which the officers were assigned), the officers, and the events
occurring during an observed shift. This file includes such variables
as the total number of encounters, a breakdown of dispatched runs by
type, the number of contacts with other officers, the number of
contacts with non-police support units, officer discretion in taking
legal action, and officer attitudes on patrol styles and
activities. Part 3, Police Encounters Data, describes police
encounters observed by the research team during selected shifts. It
consists of information describing the officers' role in encounters
with citizens observed during a shift and their demeanor toward the
citizens involved. The file includes variables such as the type of
encounter, how the encounter began, whether the citizens involved
possessed a weapon, the encounter location, what other agencies were
present during the encounter and when they arrived, police actions
during the encounter, the role of citizens involved in the encounter,
the demeanor of the officer toward the citizens during the encounter,
actions taken by the citizens, which services were requested by the
citizens, and how the observer affected the encounter. Part 4,
Victimization Survey Data, examined citizen attitudes about the police and
crime in their neighborhoods. The data were obtained through telephone
interviews conducted by trained interviewers. These interviews
followed a standard questionnaire designed by the project
leaders. Variables include perceived risk of victimization,
evaluations of the delivery of police services, household
victimization occurring in the previous year, actions taken by
citizens in response to crime, and demographic characteristics of the
neighborhood.

Tags: crime, missouri, police-activity, police-protection, st-louis, united-states, victimization
Organization: Department of Justice
Criminality Among Narcotic Addicts in Baltimore:  The Role of Nonnarcotic Drugs, 1973-1978

This study investigated the frequency with which various
nonnarcotic substances were used by male narcotic addicts and the
relation of these substances to different types of criminal activity
during periods of active addiction and periods of non- addiction. The
variables were designed to facilitate an analysis of narcotic addicts
as crime risks, patterns of nonnarcotic drug use, and the percentage of
illegal income addicts obtained during periods of addiction compared
with periods of nonaddiction. Information is included concerning types
of narcotic drug use, crime patterns, and use of marijuana, cocaine,
barbiturates, amphetamines, and Librium.

Tags: crime, criminal-justice-system, drug-use, drugs, marijuana
Organization: Department of Justice
Sanctions in the Justice System, 1942-1977: The Effects on Offenders in Racine, Wisconsin

The purpose of this data collection was to evaluate the
effectiveness of judicial intervention and varying degrees of sanction
severity by comparing persons who have been processed at the juvenile
or adult level in the justice system with persons who have not. The
main research question was whether the number of judicial interventions
and severity of sanctions had any effects on the seriousness of
offenders' future offenses or the decision to desist from such
behavior. Variables include characteristics of the person who had the
police contact as well as items specific to a particular police
contact. Others are the number of police contacts, seriousness of
police contacts, severity of sanctions, and age, cohort, and decade the
contact occurred.

Tags: criminal-justice-system, juvenile-delinquency, recidivism, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Matching Treatment and Offender:  North Carolina, 1980-1982

These data were gathered in order to evaluate the 
 implications of rational choice theory for offender rehabilitation. The 
 hypothesis of the research was that income-enhancing prison 
 rehabilitation programs are most effective for the economically 
 motivated offender. The offender was characterized by demographic and 
 socio-economic characteristics, criminal history and behavior, and work 
 activities during incarceration. Information was also collected on type 
 of release and post-release recidivistic and labor market measures. 
 Recividism was measured by arrests, convictions, and reincarcerations, 
 length of time until first arrest after release, and seriousness of 
offense leading to reincarceration.

Tags: arrests, correctional-facilities, crime-prevention, criminal-justice-system, inmates, united-states
Organization: Department of Justice
Evaluation of the Elder Abuse Training Program in Massachusetts, 1993-1995

These data were collected to evaluate the Elder Protection
 Project in Massachusetts, sponsored by the Massachusetts Attorney
 General's Office and funded by the Massachusetts Committee on Criminal
 Justice. The mission of the project was to train police officers to be
 aware of the changing demographics of the elderly population in
 Massachusetts and to communicate effectively and sensitively with
 senior adults so that officers could effectively intervene, report,
 and investigate instances of elder victimization, neglect, and
 financial exploitation. These data examine the quality of instruction
 given at the advanced training sessions conducted between September
 1993 and May 1994 and offered in all regions of the state in
 coordination with local protective service agencies. Variables include
 the respondent's agency and job title, type of elder abuse programs
 offered by the agency, the respondent's estimate of the percentage of
 actual elder abuse reported in his/her area, and the respondent's
 opinion on the greatest obstacles to having elder abuse
 reported. Respondents rated their knowledge of elder abuse reporting
 laws, procedures for responding to elder abuse incidents, unique
 aspects of communicating with elderly people, and formal training on
 recognizing signs of elder abuse. Respondents that completed the
 two-day advanced law enforcement elder abuse training program rated
 the quality of the training and were also asked about issues related
 to elder abuse not covered in the training, names of new programs in
 the department or agency initiated as a result of the training,
 aspects of the training most useful and least useful, and suggestions
regarding how the training program could be improved.

Tags: elder-abuse, older-adults, police-intervention, police-training, population-characteristics, program-evaluation, victimization
Organization: Department of Justice
Sentencing in Eight United States District Courts, 1973-1978

This data collection provides information about sentencing
patterns established by the United States District Courts for federal
offenses. It is one of only a few studies that examine federal
sentencing patterns, court involvement, sentencing, and criminal
histories. Eleven types of crimes are included: bank robbery,
embezzlement, income tax evasion, mail theft, forgery, drugs, random
other, false claims, homicide, bribery of a public official, and mail
fraud. There are three kinds of data files that pertain to the 11 types
of crimes: psi files, offense files, and AO files. The psi files
describe defendant demographic background and criminal history. The
offense files contain questions tailored to a particular type of
offense committed by a defendant and the results of conviction and
sentencing. The AO files provide additional information on defendants'
background characteristics, court records, and dates of court entry and
exit.

Tags: convictions-law, corruption, court-cases, crime, criminal-justice-system, drug-law-offenses, drugs, federal-courts, murder, robbery, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Immigrant Populations as Victims in New York City and Philadelphia, 1994

The purpose of this study was to examine interrelated
 issues surrounding the use of the criminal justice system by immigrant
 victims and to identify ways to improve the criminal justice response
 to immigrants' needs and problems. Two cities, New York City and
 Philadelphia, were selected for intensive investigation of
 victimization of immigrants. In each of these cities, three immigrant
 communities in a neighborhood were chosen for participation. In New
 York's Jackson Heights area, Colombians, Dominicans, and Indians were
 the ethnic groups studied. In Philadelphia's Logan section,
 Vietnamese, Cambodians, and Koreans were surveyed. In all, 87 Jackson
 Heights victims were interviewed and 26 Philadelphia victims were
 interviewed. The victim survey questions addressed can be broadly
 divided into two categories: issues pertaining to crime reporting and
 involvement with the court system by immigrant victims. 
 Variables include type of crime, respondent's role in the
 incident, relationship to the perpetrator, whether the incident was
 reported to police, and who reported the incident. Respondents were
 also asked whether they were asked to go to court, whether they
 understood what the people in court said to them, whether they
 understood what was happening in their case, and, if victimized again,
whether they would report the incident to the police.

Tags: cities, court-cases, crime-reporting, criminal-justice-system, immigrants, needs-assessment, victimization, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Effects of Crime on After-School Youth Development Programs in the United States, 1993-1994

This study obtained information on youth-serving
 organizations around the country that provide constructive activities
 for youth in the after-school and evening hours. It was carried out in
 collaboration with seven national youth-serving organizations: Boys
 and Girls Clubs of America, Boy Scouts of America, Girls Incorporated,
 Girl Scouts of the U.S.A., National Association of Police Athletic
 Leagues, National 4-H Council and United States Department of
 Agriculture 4-H and Youth Development Service, and YMCA of the
 U.S.A. The research involved a national survey of affiliates and
 charter members of these organizations. Respondents were asked to
 provide information about their programs for the 1993-1994 school
 year, including summer 1994 if applicable. A total of 1,234
 questionnaires were mailed to the 658 youth-serving organizations in
 376 cities in October 1994. Survey data were provided by 579 local
 affiliates. Information was collected on the type of building where
 the organization was located, the months, days of the week, and hours
 of operation, number of adults on staff, number and sex of school-age
 participants, number of hours participants spent at the program
 location, other participants served by the program, and
 characteristics of the neighborhood where the program was
 located. Questions were also asked about the types of contacts the
 organization had with the local police department, types of crimes
 that occurred at the location in the school year, number of times each
 crime type occurred, number of times the respondent was a victim of
 each crime type, if the offender was a participant, other youth, adult
 with the program, adult from the neighborhood, or adult stranger,
 actions taken by the organization because crimes occurred, and crime
 prevention strategies recommended and adopted by the
 organization. Geographic information includes the organization's
stratum and FBI region.

Tags: after-school-programs, community-involvement, crime-prevention, juvenile-offenders, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Secondary Analysis of Survey of Youth in Residential Placement (SYRP) 2003 [United States]

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they there received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except of the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompany readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collections and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.
This study was a secondary analysis of Survey of Youth in Residential Placement (SYRP) 2003 [United States] (ICPSR 34304 - https://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR34304.v1). This study examined which observed disparities in placement and incarceration experiences relate to disparities in other aspects of a justice-involved youth's life. Distributed here are the codes used to create the datasets and preform the secondary analysis.

Tags: n-a
Organization: Department of Justice
Evaluation of the Weed and Seed Initiative in the United States, 1994

The Department of Justice launched Operation Weed and Seed
 in 1991 as a means of mobilizing a large and varied array of resources
 in a comprehensive, coordinated effort to control crime and drug
 problems and improve the quality of life in targeted high-crime
 neighborhoods. In the long term, Weed and Seed programs are intended
 to reduce levels of crime, violence, drug trafficking, and fear of
 crime, and to create new jobs, improve housing, enhance the quality of
 neighborhood life, and reduce alcohol and drug use. This baseline data
 collection effort is the initial step toward assessing the achievement
 of the long-term objectives. The evaluation was conducted using a
 quasi-experimental design, matching households in comparison
 neighborhoods with the Weed and Seed target neighborhoods. Comparison
 neighborhoods were chosen to match Weed and Seed target neighborhoods
 on the basis of crime rates, population demographics, housing
 characteristics, and size and density. Neighborhoods in eight sites
 were selected: Akron, OH, Bradenton (North Manatee), FL, Hartford, CT,
 Las Vegas, NV, Pittsburgh, PA, Salt Lake City, UT, Seattle, WA, and
 Shreveport, LA. The "neighborhood" in Hartford, CT, was actually a
 public housing development, which is part of the reason for the
 smaller number of interviews at this site. Baseline data collection
 tasks included the completion of in-person surveys with residents in
 the target and matched comparison neighborhoods, and the provision of
 guidance to the sites in the collection of important process data on a
 routine uniform basis. The survey questions can be broadly divided
 into these areas: (1) respondent demographics, (2) household size and
 income, (3) perceptions of the neighborhood, and (4) perceptions of
 city services. Questions addressed in the course of gathering the
 baseline data include: Are the target and comparison areas
 sufficiently well-matched that analytic contrasts between the areas
 over time are valid? Is there evidence that the survey measures are
 accurate and valid measures of the dependent variables of interest --
 fear of crime, victimization, etc.? Are the sample sizes and response
 rates sufficient to provide ample statistical power for later
 analyses? Variables cover respondents' perceptions of the
 neighborhood, safety and observed security measures, police
 effectiveness, and city services, as well as their ratings of
 neighborhood crime, disorder, and other problems. Other items included
 respondents' experiences with victimization, calls/contacts with
 police and satisfaction with police response, and involvement in
 community meetings and events. Demographic information on respondents
 includes year of birth, gender, ethnicity, household income, and
employment status.

Tags: alcohol-abuse, crime-control, crime-rates, crime-reduction, drug-abuse, drug-traffic, fear-of-crime, households, neighborhoods, perceptions, police-effectiveness, police-response, population-characteristics, public-housing, violence
Organization: Department of Justice
Availability and Use of Intermediate Sanctions by Judges and Corrections Professionals in the United States, 1994

This survey is part of a larger project designed to explore
ways to increase the availability and use of intermediate sanctions
(IS) on a national level without jeopardizing public safety.
A model for an Intermediate Punishment System is suggested. The
survey was undertaken to ascertain attitudes and practices concerning
IS for three groups: state and federal judges (Part 3), correctional
system administrators responsible for community corrections in their
state or jurisdiction (Part 1), and program directors who actually
operated community programs (Part 2). The units of analysis were
intermediate sanctions/programs operating in jurisdictions across the
United States. Data were collected on the availability and frequency
of use of IS, as well as costs, client/staffing ratios, use of
rehabilitative programming, respondents' opinions concerning the
field's needs, and program eligibility criteria. Information was also
gathered on how decisions were made to place offenders into the
various programs,
program outcome and whether the program was
viewed as being successful (and how this was measured),
and types of new programs needed.

Tags: community-service-programs, correctional-facilities, judges, offenders, program-evaluation, public-safety, sanctions
Organization: Department of Justice
Community Context and Sentencing Decisions in 39 Counties in the United States, 1998

This study aimed to understand the extent to which
 punishment is influenced by the larger social context in which it
 occurs by examining both the main and conditioning influence of
 community context on individual sentences. The primary research
 questions for this study were (1) Does community context affect
 sentencing outcomes for criminal defendants net of the influence of
 defendant and case characteristics? and (2) Does community context
 condition the influences of defendant age, race, and sex on sentencing
 outcomes? Data from the 1998 State Court Processing Statistics (SCPS)
 were merged with a unique county-level dataset that provided
 information on the characteristics of the counties in which defendants
 were adjudicated. County-level data included unemployment, crime
 rates, sex ratio, age structure, religious group affiliation, and
political orientation.

Tags: case-processing, communities, counties, court-cases, defendants, felons, sentencing, state-courts
Organization: Department of Justice