AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Climate Variability on Primary Productivity and Carbon Distributions in the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine (CliVEC)

Title: The Impacts of Climate Variability on Primary Productivity and Carbon Distributions in the Middle Atlantic Bight and Gulf of Maine (CliVEC)Research Team:* Antonio Mannino (PI) - NASA GSFC* Michael Novak - NASA GSFC* Margaret Mulholland (co-PI) - Old Dominion University* Peter Bernhardt - Old Dominion University* CJ Staryk - Old Dominion University* Kimberly Hyde (co-PI) - NOAA NEFSC* Jon Hare (collaborator) - NOAA NEFSC* David Lary (co-I) - University of Texas at DallasObservations from the MODIS and SeaWiFS time series (1997-2012) and measurements from an extensive field campaign are employed to examine how inter-annual and decadal-scale climate variability affects primary productivity and organic carbon distributions along the continental margin of the U.S. northeast coast. Estimates of daily primary productivity (PP) will be computed using the Ocean Productivity from Absorption of Light (OPAL) model. OPAL vertically resolves phytoplankton absorption of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and relates the chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficient to sea-surface temperature (SST), where SST is a proxy for seasonal changes in the phytoplankton community. OPAL will be validated with new field measurements of PP including dissolved organic carbon production.Field measurements of particulate (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and the absorption coefficients of phytoplankton (aph) and colored dissolved organic matter (aCDOM) will allow us to extend the validation range (temporally and spatially) for our coastal algorithms and reduce the uncertainties in satellite-derived estimates of OPAL PP, POC, DOC, aph and aCDOM. Furthermore, we will apply our extensive field data to derive region-independent ocean color algorithms for PP, POC, DOC aCDOM and aph using machine learning approaches. We will rigorously validate and compare band-ratio and multivariate machine learning algorithms. Algorithms validated from this study will be applied to satellite observations to produce a time series of satellite data productsThe U.S. Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB), George's Bank (GB) and Gulf of Maine (GoM) stand at the crossroads between major ocean circulation features - the Gulf Stream and Labrador slope-sea and shelf currents - and are influenced by highly variable river discharge, summer upwelling, warm core rings, and intense seasonal stratification. Our work will focus on the impacts of variable river discharge, SST and large-scale climate indices on primary production, and POC and DOC distributions. These processes are not unique to the MAB and GoM. Consequently, the results from this activity can be applied to understanding how inter-annual and long-term variability in climate patterns can impact the carbon cycle of continental margins throughout the globe.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GRACE-FO Level-2 Monthly Geopotential Spherical Harmonics JPL Release 6.3 (RL06.3)

FOR EXPERT USE ONLY. This dataset contains estimates of the total month-by-month geopotential of the Earth, derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission measurements, produced by the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The data are provided as spherical harmonic coefficients, averaged over approximately a month, and available from 2018 onward. These coefficients are derived from the Microwave Instrument (MWI) measured intersatellite range changes between the twin spacecraft of the GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On) mission. The GRACE-FO mission, a joint partnership between NASA and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), launched on 22 May 2018. It uses twin satellites to accurately map variations in the Earth's gravity field and surface mass distribution. It is designed as a successor to the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. <br><br> This GRACE-FO RL06.3 data is an updated version of the GRACE-FO RL06.1 Level-2 data products. RL06.3 differs from RL06.1 only in the Level-1B accelerometer transplant data that is used for the GF2 satellite: Level-2 RL06.3 uses ACH1B RL04 that is contained within the ACX2 Level-1 bundle, which replaces ACH1B RL04 contained within the ACX Level-1 bundle that was used for Level-2 RL06.1 (note: ACX2-L1B is only applicable for 01/2023 onwards in wide-pointing operational mode; from 6/2018 through 12/2022, RL06.1 and RL06.3 GRACE-FO data are identical and based on ACX; ACX2 is not available for 03/2023-06/2023 as the satellites were not in wide-pointing mode during that period). All GRACE-FO RL06.3 Level-2 products are fully compatible with the GRACE RL06 level-2 fields. Refer to the mission page for more information.

Tags: earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-gravity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GRACE-FO Level-2 Monthly Geopotential Spherical Harmonics CSR Release 06.3 (RL06.3)

FOR EXPERT USE ONLY. This dataset contains estimates of the total month-by-month geopotential of the Earth, derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission measurements, produced by the University of Texas (at Austin) Center for Space Research (CSR). The data are provided as spherical harmonic coefficients, averaged over approximately a month, and available from 2018 onward. These coefficients are derived from the Microwave Instrument (MWI) measured intersatellite range changes between the twin spacecraft of the GRACE-FO (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On) mission. The GRACE-FO mission, a joint partnership between NASA and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), launched on 22 May 2018. It uses twin satellites to accurately map variations in the Earth's gravity field and surface mass distribution. It is designed as a successor to the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission. <br><br> This GRACE-FO RL06.3 data is an updated version of the GRACE-FO RL06.1 Level-2 data products. RL06.3 differs from RL06.1 only in the Level-1B accelerometer transplant data that is used for the GF2 satellite: Level-2 RL06.3 uses ACH1B RL04 that is contained within the ACX2 Level-1 bundle, which replaces ACH1B RL04 contained within the ACX Level-1 bundle that was used for Level-2 RL06.1 (note: ACX2-L1B is only applicable for 01/2023 onwards in wide-pointing operational mode; from 6/2018 through 12/2022, RL06.1 and RL06.3 GRACE-FO data are identical and based on ACX; ACX2 is not available for 03/2023-06/2023 as the satellites were not in wide-pointing mode during that period). All GRACE-FO RL06.3 Level-2 products are fully compatible with the GRACE RL06 level-2 fields. Refer to the mission page for more information.

Tags: earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-gravity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Chlorine Nitrate (ClONO2) 1deg Lat Zonal Fourier Coefficients V007 (H3ZFCCLONO2) at GES DISC

The "HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Chlorine Nitrate (ClONO2) Zonal Fourier Coefficients" version 7 data product (H3ZFCCLONO2) contains the entire mission (~3 years) of HIRDLS data expressed as zonal Fourier coefficients in 1 degree latitude bands from -64 to 80 degrees at 121 pressure levels. The coefficients are computed from the HIRDLS Level 2 profiles with a Kalman filter approach using both forward and backward passes in time. Expressed as the mean and up to 7 sine and cosine coefficients (4 waves for ascending and descending, 7 waves for combined), these coefficients may be used to compute values at any longitude. The data are provided on a pressure grid with 24 levels per decade, corresponding to about 1 km vertical resolution. The useful vertical range of the data is 100 to 1.0 hPa. The precision values are given by the root-mean square of the differences between the estimated fields and the input data. The data are stored in the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format for the Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS5), which is an extension of the HDF5 format. Each file contains a zonal object with data for the entire mission with separate data fields for ascending (daytime), descending (nighttime), and combined orbit node.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-chlorine-nitrate
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HIRDLS/Aura Level 2 Daily Geophysical Parameters V007 (HIRDLS2) at GES DISC

The "HIRDLS/Aura Level 2 Geophysical Parameters" data product (HIRDLS2) contains an entire day's worth of Level-2 vertical profiles of O3, HNO3, H2O, CFC-11, CFC-12, N2O, NO2, N2O5, ClONO2, temperature, geopotential height, and aerosol extinction at 12.1 and 8.3 microns, as well as cloud top pressure. HIRDLS measured infrared emissions in 21 channels ranging from 6.12 to 17.76 microns in the upper troposphere, stratosphere and mesosphere. Data are available for the ~3 year mission from January 29, 2005 until March 17, 2008. Observations of the Earth's atmosphere were only made from the far azimuth scan (away from sun side) resulting in limited data coverage from +80 to -64 degrees latitude. The useful vertical range of the data depends on the measured species, and are provided on 24 levels per decade of pressure corresponding to about 1 km vertical resolution. The current and final version of this product is 7. Of the original targeted species, only CH4 was not retrieved in this version. The data are stored in the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format for the Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS5), which is an extension of the HDF5 format. Each file contains a single swath object with one day of data (measured species and species precision), geolocation fields (e.g. time, latitude, longitude, pressure), and swath attributes, along with file level metadata. Each file contains approximately 5600 profile scans.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-geopotential-height, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-chlorine-nitrate, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-chlorofluorocarbons-11, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-chlorofluorocarbons-12, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-atmospheric-nitric-acid, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-dinitrogen-pentoxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrogen-dioxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrous-oxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-upper-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-profiles-water-vapor-mixing-ratio, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-top-pressure
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Extinction at 12.1 Microns 1deg Lat Zonal Fourier Coefficients V007 (H3ZFC12MEXT) at GES DISC

The "HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Extinction at 12.1 Microns Zonal Fourier Coefficients" version 7 data product (H3ZFC12MEXT) contains the entire mission (~3 years) of HIRDLS data expressed as zonal Fourier coefficients in 1 degree latitude bands from -64 to 80 degrees at 121 pressure levels. The coefficients are computed from the HIRDLS Level 2 profiles with a Kalman filter approach using both forward and backward passes in time. Expressed as the mean and up to 7 sine and cosine coefficients (4 waves for ascending and descending, 7 waves for combined), these coefficients may be used to compute values at any longitude. The data are provided on a pressure grid with 24 levels per decade, corresponding to about 1 km vertical resolution. The useful vertical range of the data is 215 to 20 hPa. The precision values are given by the root-mean square of the differences between the estimated fields and the input data. The data are stored in the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format for the Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS5), which is an extension of the HDF5 format. Each file contains a zonal object with data for the entire mission with separate data fields for ascending (daytime), descending (nighttime), and combined orbit node.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction-12-1-micron-extinction
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Historic Monthly Meteorology Data (FIFE)

The FIFE Historic Monthly Meteorology Data Data Set is one of the historical data sets used for the FIFE project. This data set provides monthly precipitation values from January 1858 to December 1989 for Manhattan, Kansas adjacent to the FIFE study area. Daily weather observations of precipitation were made according to the procedures outlined by the National Weather Service by Kansas State University. The daily precipitation data were then summed to produce monthly precipitation.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11) 1deg Lat Zonal Fourier Coefficients V007 (H3ZFCCFC11) at GES DISC

The "HIRDLS/Aura Level 3 Chlorofluorocarbon-11 (CFC-11) Zonal Fourier Coefficients" version 7 data product (H3ZFCCFC11) contains the entire mission (~3 years) of HIRDLS data expressed as zonal Fourier coefficients in 1 degree latitude bands from -64 to 80 degrees at 121 pressure levels. The coefficients are computed from the HIRDLS Level 2 profiles with a Kalman filter approach using both forward and backward passes in time. Expressed as the mean and up to 7 sine and cosine coefficients (4 waves for ascending and descending, 7 waves for combined), these coefficients may be used to compute values at any longitude. The data are provided on a pressure grid with 24 levels per decade, corresponding to about 1 km vertical resolution. The useful vertical range of the CFC-11 data is 316 to 17.8 hPa. The precision values are given by the root-mean square of the differences between the estimated fields and the input data. The data are stored in the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format for the Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS5), which is an extension of the HDF5 format. Each file contains a zonal object with data for the entire mission with separate data fields for ascending (daytime), descending (nighttime), and combined orbit node.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-chlorofluorocarbons-11
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Historical Arctic Rawinsonde Archive, 1947 - 1996, Version 1

The Historical Arctic Rawinsonde Archive (HARA) contains millions of vertical soundings of temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind, representing all available rawinsonde ascents from Arctic land stations poleward of 65 degrees North. HARA includes soundings from the beginning of record through mid-1996. Most stations began recording soundings in the late 1950s, but a few began in 1947 or 1948.

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-geopotential-height-geopotential-height, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-air-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-humidity-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-speed, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds-wind-speed
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Great Lakes Daily Ice Observations at NOAA Water Level Gauge Sites, 1956 - 1997, Version 1

This data set contains daily visual ice observations taken yearly from 1 November to 30 April at NOAA/National Ocean Service water level gauge sites in the Great Lakes Basin from 1956 to the 1997. Not all gauge sites have reported each season; a list of sites with coordinates and reporting years is included with the data set. The longest records tend to be at river stations such as St. Clair, St. Marys, Detroit, and St. Lawrence. Daily observations are coded (open water, solid ice, honeycombed ice, slush ice, windrowed ice, drifting ice, or ice gorge), as well as first and last reported ice for each season.

Tags: earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-lake-ice
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HIRS/Nimbus-6 Images of Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (HIRSN6IM) at GES DISC

The HIRSN6IM data product consists of images of brightness temperatures on 70 mm film strips from the Nimbus-6 High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder. Each display contains black and white images at either full vertical scale (F) or partial vertical scale (P). A full scale mode image will contain one orbit of data or 125 minutes of data, while a partial scale mode image will contain twice the vertical scale and thus requires two images for an orbit of data (the last 60 minutes on the first image, P1 and the remaining data on the second image, P2). There are 10 channels (swaths) for an orbit on each image, with a header identifying the channel (1-1, 6-6, etc.). An 18-step gray scale is found at the bottom. Time and geographic information is encoded in the center of the image. Conversion from the 18-step gray scale to brightness temperatures can be found in a table in each of the first six volumes of "The Nimbus 6 Data Catalog." The HIRS experiment on Nimbus-6 is a follow on to the successful Nimbus-5 ITPR experiment. HIRS was a multi-channel filter radiometer with a Cassegrain telescope before the chopper assembly. The instrument scans in the cross track direction with 21 scans on each side of the subtrack point with about 30 km x 55 km resolution at nadir. HIRS measured radiances primarily in five spectral regions: (1) seven channels near the 15-micrometer CO2 absorption band, (2) two channels (11.1 and 3.7 micrometers) in the IR window, (3) two channels (8.2 and 6.7 micrometers) in the water vapor absorption band, (4) five channels in the 4.3-micrometer band, and (5) one channel in the visible 0.69-micrometer region. The HIRS Principal Investigator was Mr. W. L. Smith from the NOAA National Environmental Satellite Service. The Nimbus-6 HIRS data are available from August 17, 1975 (day of year 229) through March 4, 1976 (day of year 238). These data were previously archived at NASA NSSDC under the entry ID ESAD-00094 (old id 75-052A-02A).

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Green Vegetation Fraction High-Resolution Maps for Selected US Tidal Marshes, 2015

This dataset provides 30m resolution maps of the fraction of green vegetation within tidal marshes for six estuarine regions of the conterminous United States: Cape Cod, MA; Chesapeake Bay, MD; Everglades, FL; Mississippi Delta, LA; San Francisco Bay, CA; and Puget Sound, WA. Maps were derived from a 1m classification of 2013 to 2015 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) images as tidal marsh green vegetation, non-vegetation, and open water. Using this high-resolution map, the percent of each class within Landsat pixel extents was calculated to produce a 30m fraction of green vegetation map for each region.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-coastal-landforms-salt-marsh, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index-normalized-difference-vegetation-index-ndvi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Greenland Snow Pit and Core Stratigraphy (Analog and Digital Formats), Version 1

This data set is comprised of scientific field study notebooks from geologist Carl S. Benson describing his traverses of Greenland from 1952 to 1955. The notebooks contain data on Greenland snow accumulation, snow temperature, stratigrapy, ice sheet facies, and snow densification. Dr. Benson's notebooks also include a supplementary 1956 snow accumulation study done by the U.S. Air Force. The notebooks have been scanned and put into PDF format. In addition, a compendium of Greenland snow accumulation data, compiled by Dr. Benson in 1986, is included that spans 1911 to 1981. It is in ASCII text format. During a four-year period from 1952 through 1955, Carl Benson, along with many other individuals and several other organizations, dug and studied 146 snow pits and made 288 supplementary snow hardness profiles with a ramsonde instrument along a 1100 mile traverse in Northwest Greenland (Benson 1962). For each exposed pit, temperature, density, ram hardness, and grain size were measured. The data in the notebooks include a listing of all pit locations, a summary matrix of data collected at each station; accumulation data adjusted for Fall 1954 and Fall 1955 reference horizons; average accumulation for all stations; integrated ram hardness (snow density); descriptive stratigraphy, pit profile temperature and density; and pit and core temperature, density, ram hardness, and stratigraphy for each location. Benson's notebooks for 1952 through 1954 were scanned at NSIDC and are available via FTP. As of January 2013, the 1955 notebooks have not been digitized.

Tags: earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere-glacier-thickness-ice-sheet-thickness, earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere-ice-sheets, earth-science-paleoclimate-indicators-climate-indicators-ice-core-records, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-ice-depth-thickness, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-density, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-depth, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-facies, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-ice-temperature, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-stratigraphy
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Gridded Altimeter Fields with Enhanced Coastal Coverage Daily

The Gridded Altimeter Fields with Enhanced Coastal Coverage data product contains Sea Surface Height Anomalies (SSHA or SLA) and zonal and meridional geostrophic velocities for the US west coast encompassing 35.25 deg-48.5 deg N latitude and 227.75 deg-248.5 deg E longitude. This annually updated data product extends from October 14, 1992 through January 19, 2011. SSHA and current velocities are derived from the AVISO quarter degree DT UPD MSLA version 3.0 grids, 0.75 deg and greater away from the coast. Values within 0.75 deg of the coast are derived from tide gauge observations and interpolated out to the altimeter filled region. Details on how these data are derived can be found in: Saraceno, M., P. T. Strub, and P. M. Kosro (2008), Estimates of sea surface height and near-surface alongshore coastal currents from combinations of altimeters and tide gauges, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C11013, doi:10.1029/2008JC004756.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-circulation-oceans-ocean-currents, earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration