AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-3 Global Binned 11µm Daytime Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Data, version R2016.2

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011. JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm. There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SNF Leaf Optical Properties: TMS

Knowledge of the optical properties of the components of the forest canopy is important to the understanding of how plants interact with their environment and how this information may be used to determine vegetation characteristics using remote sensing. During the summers of 1983 and 1984, samples of the major components of the boreal forest canopy (needles, leaves, branches, moss, litter) were collected in the Superior National Forest (SNF) of Minnesota and sent to the Johnson Space Center (JSC). At JSC, the spectral reflectance and transmittance characteristics of the samples were determined for wavelengths between .35 and 2.1 micrometers using the Cary-14 radiometer. This report presents plots of these data as well as averages to the Thematic Mapper Simulator (TMS) bands. There were two main thrusts to the SNF optical properties study. The first was to collect the optical properties of many of the components of the boreal forest canopy. The second goal of the study was to investigate the variability of optical properties within a species. The results of these studies allow a comparison of the optical properties of a variety of different species and a measure of the variability within species. These data provide basic information necessary to model canopy reflectance patterns.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-forest-composition-vegetation-structure, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SNF Satellite Image Data Inventory

The purpose of the SNF Study was to develop the techniques to make the link from biophysical measurements made on the ground to aircraft radiometric measurements and then to scale up to satellite observations. Therefore, satellite image data were acquired for the Superior National Forest study site. These data were selected from all the scenes available from Landsat 1 through 5 and SPOT platforms. Image data substantially contaminated by cloud cover or of poor radiometric quality was not acquired. Of the Landsat scenes, only one Thematic Mapper (TM) scene was acquired, the remainder were Multispectral Scanner (MSS) images. Some of the acquired image data had cloud cover in portions of the scene or other problems with the data. These problems and other comments about the images are summarized in the data set. This data set contains a listing of the scenes that passed inspection and were acquired and archived by Goddard Space Flight Center. Though these image data are no longer available from either the Goddard Space Flight Center or the ORNL DAAC, this data set has been included in the Superior National Forest data collection in order to document which satellite images were used during the project.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-irradiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-3 Global Binned Triple-window Sea Surface Temperature (SST3) - Near Real-time (NRT) Data, version R2016.2

The Ocean Biology DAAC produces near real-time (quicklook) products using the best-available combination of ancillary data from meteorological and ozone data. As such, the inputs and the calibration used are less than optimal. Quicklook products provide a snapshot of the data during a short time period within a single orbit.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-3 Global Mapped 11µm Day/Night Sea Surface Temperature (SST) - Near Real-time (NRT) Data, version R2016.2

The Ocean Biology DAAC produces near real-time (quicklook) products using the best-available combination of ancillary data from meteorological and ozone data. As such, the inputs and the calibration used are less than optimal. Quicklook products provide a snapshot of the data during a short time period within a single orbit.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SNF Vegetation Cover Data: C. Jarvis

This data set documentation is currently in work. In the interim, an abstract of the entire Superior National Forest (SNF) data collection activity from which the SNF Vegetation Cover Data: C. Jarvis Data Set is a product is being provided. During the summers of 1983 and 1984, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) conducted an intensive experiment in a portion of the Superior National Forest (SNF) near Ely, Minnesota, USA. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the ability of remote sensing to provide estimates of biophysical properties of ecosystems, such as leaf area index (LAI), biomass and net primary productivity (NPP). The study area covered a 50 x 50 km area centered at approximately 48 degrees North latitude and 92 degrees West longitude in northeastern Minnesota at the southern edge of the North American boreal forest. The SNF is mostly covered by boreal forest. Boreal forests were chosen for this project because of their relative taxonomic simplicity, their great extent, and their potential sensitivity to climatic change. Satellite, aircraft, helicopter and ground observations were obtained for the study area. These data comprise a unique dataset for the investigation of the relationships between the radiometric and biophysical properties of vegetated canopies. This is perhaps the most complete dataset of its type ever collected over a forested region.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-forest-composition-vegetation-structure, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SNF Forest Phenology/Leaf Expansion Data

The purpose of the SNF study was to improve understanding of the relationship between remotely sensed observations and important biophysical parameters in the boreal forest. A key element of the experiment was the development of methodologies to measure forest stand characteristics to determine values of importance to both remote sensing and ecology. Parameters studied were biomass, leaf area index, above-ground net primary productivity, bark area index and ground coverage by vegetation. Thirty two quaking aspen and thirty one black spruce sites were studied. Sites were chosen in uniform stands of aspen or spruce. Use of multiple plots within each site allowed estimation of the importance of spatial variation in stand parameters. Deciduous vegetation undergoes dramatic changes over the seasonal cycle. The varying amount of green foliage in the canopy effects the transpiration and productivity of the forest. Measurements of changes in the canopy and subcanopy green foliage amount over the spring of 1984 have been made. From above the subcanopy, photographs of the aspen canopy were taken, pointing vertically up. The photographs were taken at two locations in sites 16 and 93 on several different days. Foliage coverage was determined by overlaying grids with 200 points onto the photos of the canopy. The number of points obscured by vegetation were counted. These counts were adjusted for the area of the branches, which had been determined by photos taken before leaf out. The number of foliage points were then scaled between zero, for no leaves, to one, for maximum coverage. Subcanopy leaf extension was measured for beaked hazelnut and mountain maple, the two most common understory shrubs. For selected branches on trees in sites 16 and 93, the length and width of all leaves were measured on several days. These measurements were used to calculate a total leaf area which was scaled between 0 and 1 as with the aspen. The aspen canopy measurements have been combined with the subcanopy measurements and are available in this data set (i.e., SNF Forest Phenology/Leaf Expansion Data). These measurements of leafout show that the subcanopy leaf expansion lags behind that of the canopy. Subcanopy leaf expansion only begins in earnest after the canopy has reached nearly full coverage.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Snow Melt Onset Over Arctic Sea Ice from SMMR and SSM/I-SSMIS Brightness Temperatures, Version 5

This data set includes yearly snow melt onset dates over Arctic sea ice derived from Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR), Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I), and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) brightness temperature measurements. The data are gridded to the 25 km Northern Hemisphere Polar Stereographic projection and available from 1979 through 2022. One browse image is available for each year. This data set also contains value-added statistics for each grid cell, including: mean melt onset date, latest (maximum) melt onset date, earliest (minimum) melt onset date, range of melt onset dates (the difference between maximum and minimum onset dates), and the standard deviation of melt onset dates. One browse image is also provided for each statistical field.

Tags: earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-snow-melt
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-3 Global Mapped Triple-window Sea Surface Temperature (SST3) Data, version R2016.2

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011. JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm. There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-Regional Regional 11µm Day/Night Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Data, version R2016.2

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011. JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm. There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Supporting Shellfish Aquaculture in the Chesapeake Bay using Artificial Intelligence to Detect Poor Water Quality through Sampling and Remote Sensing

This use-inspired NASA AIST project collects biological, chemical, and physical variables in and above the water at Chesapeake Bay sites for analysis within the lab. These ground-truth data are then used for data labeling, in combination with remotely sensed data, within a machine learning model trained to identify water quality challenges of resource managers that could result in shellfish bed closures, for example.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Surface Flux Baseline 92 Derived (FIFE)

The FIFE Surface Flux Baseline 92 Derived Data Set was compiled from the original surface flux data collected during FIFE (i.e., no measurements were made specifically for this data set). This data set contains data collected from mid-May through mid-October, 1987 at 21 stations located within 19 sitegrids spread throughout the FIFE study area. For a description of the theory behind the original surface flux measurements see the documentation for each of the original surface flux data sets. Surface heat flux data routinely have erroneous jumps (i.e., spikes) in the latent and sensible heat flux time series in the early morning and evening hours due to small gradients in the measured data. A series of tests were developed to identify these spikes and flag them. Flux data obtained from Bowen ratio sites are also checked for energy imbalances. These data were also compared to model results. The consistency between these two methods is indicated in this data set.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-heat-budget
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Snow Properties and Wildlife Tracks in Washington and Alaska

This dataset contains three field seasons of snow-wildlife observations conducted at 707 sites from January 2021 to March 2023 in Washington and Alaska, spanning a broad range of snow conditions. Relatively fresh tracks (usually <24 h) of common large mammal predators (bobcats, coyotes, cougars, and wolves) and their ungulate prey (caribou, Dall sheep, moose, mule deer, and white-tailed deer) were investigated to determine how snow affects predator-prey interactions. The track sink depth and dimensions (width and length) of three consecutive footprints were measured from one individual. Age class was recorded for moose based either on visual confirmation of an individual creating snow tracks or based on track dimensions. The ability to differentiate age classes for smaller ungulates was more uncertain, so age classes for deer, caribou, or sheep were not specified. Animal gait was identified using a simple classification scheme. Data also include animal species, snow density, hardness, total ice, surface temperature, and vegetation type. To best capture snow hardness, surface penetrability and hand-hardness were measured throughout the snowpack. The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) format.

Tags: earth-science-animals-vertebrates-biological-classification-mammals, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-ice-depth-thickness, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-density
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Surface Meteorology Data: NCDC (FIFE)

The NOAA Regional Surface Data - 1989 (NCDC) Data Set contains hourly surface meteorological data for the FIFE area. Though the measurements presented in this data set were not taken precisely at the FIFE study area, it is hypothesized that they present a representative horizontal cross-section of meteorological variables and sky conditions in and around the site. It is also realized that many of the variables presented in this data set are somewhat subjective and dependent on the skill (and biases) of the observer, such as estimates of cloud amount and height. This data may be used as input data and/or verification data for numerical simulation models.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-sea-level-pressure, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-dew-point-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-virtual-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-dew-point-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-ceiling, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-types
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Surface Radiance Data: UNL (FIFE)

The Surface Temperatures, Reflected and Emitted Radiation, and PAR from UNL Data Set contains surface temperatures at different view zenith and azimuth angles, net radiation, incoming and reflected photosynthetically active radiation, incoming and reflected shortwave radiation, and reflected and emitted longwave radiation. Surface temperatures were measured at a 30 degree view zenith angle with an Everest infrared thermometer (IRT) Model 112C and at approximately a 60 degree view zenith angle with a Scheduler Plant Stress Monitor at 4 view azimuths (predominantly 90 degree increments from the solar azimuth). The Scheduler also measured air temperature, relative humidity, and vapor pressure deficit. Net radiation was measured with a Radiation and Energy Balance Systems (REBS) net radiometer Model Q*3. Incoming shortwave radiation was measured with a horizontally mounted Eppley Precision Pyranometer Model PSP. Reflected shortwave radiation was measured with two (2) Eppley Precision pyranometers Model PSP usually mounted horizontally (at site 966 (2437-PSP) one PSP was mounted horizontally and the other was inclined parallel to the slope). Reflected and emitted longwave radiation were measured with a horizontally mounted Eppley Precision Infrared Radiometer Model PIR.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-incoming-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TCSP GOES 11 RAPID SCAN WINDS V1

The TCSP GOES 11 Rapid Scan Winds dataset was generated from image triplets with 30 or 60 minute intervals, and occasionally 15 minute intervals. During Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) special rapid-scan operations, co-located images are available at intervals of 7.5, 5, 3, and even 1 minute. The area covered is reduced as the interval decreases. In this experiment, images at five minute intervals were used for the 0.65 micrometer visible, 3.9 micrometer infrared (darkness only), and 10.7 micrometer IR channels. GOES-11 was brought out of storage and image products were centered on the TCSP study region. The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify. Regular image processing was available beginning on 12 July. The scan schedule was maintained through the end of July.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-imagery, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TCSP TICOSONDE-AURA 2005 V1

The TCSP TICOSONDE-AURA 2005 dataset consists of 4 soundings per day (00, 06, 12, and 18 UT) launched from Juan Santamaria International Airport, WMO station 78762, latitude 10 degrees N and 84.2 degrees W. The launch program began at 00 UT on 16 June 2005 and ended 00 UT 24 August 2005. With a very few exceptions, the sondes were Vaiasala model RS92-SGP and the ground station was a DigiCORA MW11 equipped for GPS wind-finding and upgraded for RS92 telemetry. A small number of ascents were made with RS90-AG and RS80-15G sondes. Most ascents were done with 500-g latex balloons filled with hydrogen. Exceptions included 24 ascents at 06 and 18UT in July that were piggybacked on a larger payload consisting of the University of Colorado Cryogenic Frostpoint Hygrometer (CFH) and an ECC ozonesonde. Median termination altitude for all ascents was approximately 26 km. Data were recorded at the maximum MW11 sample rate of one every two seconds. The TCSP mission collected data for research and documentation of cyclogenesis, the interaction of temperature, humidity, precipitation, wind and air pressure that creates ideal birthing conditions for tropical storms, hurricanes and related phenomena. The goal of this mission was to help us better understand how hurricanes and other tropical storms are formed and intensify.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-dew-point-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds-flight-level-winds
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TELLUS GRACE Level-3 0.5-degree Glacial Isostatic Adjustment v1.0 datasets produced by JPL

Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) is an ongoing geophysical process and is measured by gravimetry satellites like GRACE and GRACE-FO. To isolate signals of contemporary surface mass loss in the cumulative satellite gravimetry measurements, contemporary GIA rates are computed and subtracted from the satellite gravimetry observations. The GIA correction models provided here are filtered such that they are compatible with Level-3 post-processing filters applied to GRACE(-FO) data as indicated in the [product_id]. In this way, user can effectively assess the impact of the applied GIA correction, and substitute different GIA models should that be desired. This GIA dataset is mapped into 0.5-degree global grid compatible with the JPL Mascon solution, provided in netCDF format.

Tags: earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-gravity-anomalies
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration