AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Rock glaciers, Disko Island, Greenland, Version 1

Disko Island (8600 km2) is situated west of central mainland Greenland. The island is part of the Tertiary volcanic province of West Greenland and is mainly made up by lavas. The landscape is a plateau basalt landscape with cirque carved lava plateaus and U-shaped valleys and fjords. Rock glaciers are frequent in Disko Island (Humlum, 1982). In southern Disko Island, about 60 km SSE of the two study sites, meteorological observations have been carried out since 1923 in the village of Godhavn. The present (1961-1990) mean annual air temperature is -3.9 C, the coldest month is March (-15.1 C), and July is the warmest month (7.1 C). The mean annual precipitation at Godhavn is about 400 mm water equivalent. Most of the precipitation (75 %) usually falls during the period June to December, associated with advection of moist, maritime air masses from the south and southwest along the Davis Strait. The remaining part of the year is comparatively dry, as it is dominated by cold and dry katabatic air masses flowing off the Greenland Ice Sheet to the east. Approximately 60-70 % of the mean annual precipitation is snow and in Godhavn a persistent snow cover is registered from late September to late May. No systematic mapping of permafrost or permafrost related terrain features have been carried out in this part of West Greenland. Weidick (1968), however, places Disko Island within the zone of continuous permafrost. This is supported by the occurrence of open system pingos (Christiansen, 1995) and numerous rock glaciers (Humlum, 1982, 1984, 1988a, 1988b, 1996; Humlum et al., 1995; Rasch et al. 1996), which are geomorphic indications of the presence of widespread permafrost in Disko Island. Adopting a standard continental geothermal gradient of about 0.033 C m-1, the mean annual air temperature of -7.5 C (1991-96) indicates a potential permafrost thickness of about 175-225 m. This estimate is presumably somewhat conservative, as the Little Ice Age annual air temperature presumably was about 2C below modern values (Humlum, 1996), which would provide conditions for a somewhat thicker permafrost layer than is suggested by modern meteorological values. The high frequency of rock glaciers on Disko Island is presumably derived from high rock weathering rates (Humlum, 1992). These data are presented on the CAPS Version 1.0 CD-ROM, June 1998.

Tags: earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-permafrost-permafrost, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-rock-glaciers-rock-glaciers, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-permafrost-permafrost, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-rock-glaciers-rock-glaciers
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Resilience of Coastal Wetlands to Sea Level Rise, CONUS, 1996-2100

This dataset provides information about the resilience of tidal wetlands to sea-level rise under three scenarios of global change. With rising seas, regularly inundated tidal wetlands may persist by vertical accretion of sediments (vertical resilience) and/or by migrating inland (lateral resilience), but local and regional conditions constrain these options. This dataset provides a vertical resilience index (VR) for coastal wetlands at 30 m resolution across the continental US predicted for 2100. The VR index was computed for current sea levels, local tidal dynamics, and coastal topography. It was also calculated for future sea levels predicted for 2100 by three IPCC Realized Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios: 2.5, 4.5, and 8.5. Moreover, the VR index incorporates estimated rates of sediment accretion. Relevant to lateral resiliency, the data include current and future tidal areas identified by mapping mean higher high water spring tide locations under the RCP scenarios. A shapefile outlining watershed units with tidal wetlands is included along with land cover classes for these areas for 1996 and 2011.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-ocean-indicators-climate-indicators-sea-level-rise-inundation, earth-science-coastal-processes-oceans-sea-level-rise, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-marine-ecosystems-coastal, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-coastal-processes-accretion, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-tides-oceans-tidal-height, earth-science-tides-oceans-tidal-range
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
RapidScat Level 1B Time-Ordered Geo-Located Sigma-0 Version 2.0

This dataset contains the ISS-RapidScat Version 2.0 Level 1B geo-located Sigma-0 measurements and antenna pulse "egg" and "slice" geometries as derived from ephemeris and the Level 1A dataset. The pulse "egg" represents the complete footprint of the pulse, which has a spatial geometry of approximately 25 km by 35 km. There are 8 slices that constitute the range-binned components of a pulse each of which has a spatial geometry of approximately 25 km by 7 km. The orientation of the long dimension of the slices varies with the rotation of the antenna and thus does not align with the along/across track orientation of the wind vector grid in the L2B/L2A products. Version 2.0 represents a complete historical re-processing of the L1B data record and provides a calibration which is consistent across the several signal to noise ratio states experienced by RapidScat throughout its operation period (see the technical note for Version 2.0 under Documentation). The Version 2.0 is also the dataset used to derive the Version 2.0 wind products (L2B). Data are provided in single-orbit files in HDF-4 format. This dataset is intended for expert use only. If you must use RapidScat Sigma-0 data but you are unsure about how to use the L1B data record, please consider using either of the following L2A datasets: 1) https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/RSCAT_L2A_25KM_V2.0 or 2) https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/RSCAT_L2A_12KM_V2.0. RapidScat is a Ku-band dual beam circular rotating scatterometer retaining much of the same hardware and functionality of QuikSCAT, with exception of the antenna sub-system and digital interface to the ISS Columbus module, which is where RapidScat is mounted. The NASA mission is officially referred to as ISS-RapidScat. Unlike QuikSCAT, ISS-RapidScat is not in sun-synchronous orbit, and flies at roughly half the altitude with a low inclination angle that restricts data coverage to the tropics and mid-latitude regions; the extent of latitudinal coverage stretches from approximately 61 degrees North to 61 degrees South. Furthermore, there is no consistent local time of day retrieval.

Tags: earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught-none
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 6

The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines; it is intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers. This data set provides a single outline for each glacier and is produced in coordination with the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change, but can be used to estimate glacier volumes, rates of elevation change at regional and global scales, and cryospheric responses to climatic forcing. Glacier mapping data are contributed to both GLIMS and the RGI from the glaciological community. RGI is produced by the Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory and Infrastructure for Glacier Monitoring, a body of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). This data set is updated approximately annually. Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data (CSV files) and gridded auxiliary data (GeoTIFFs) are also available. All RGI data are packaged globally and by region, with regions based upon the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers.

Tags: earth-science-cryospheric-indicators-climate-indicators-glacial-measurements-glacier-elevation, earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere-glaciers-glacier-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Pre-Delta-X: Total Suspended Solids of Surface Water across MRD, LA, USA, 2015-2016

This dataset contains the total suspended solids (TSS) concentration of in situ water samples collected at selected sites across the Atchafalaya and Terrebonne Basins within the Mississippi River Delta (MRD) floodplain of coastal Louisiana, USA. The measurements were made during the Pre-Delta-X campaign in Spring 2015 and Fall 2016. The sampling sites spanned large and small channels at locations chosen to cover a representative range of suspended sediment concentrations from a variety of hydrodynamic and physical settings typically encountered across the basins. Water samples were collected by bottle just beneath the surface and stored on ice until filtering. The TSS concentration was calculated as the difference of the filter weight (before and after filtration) divided by the volume of sample filtered. Both TSS and in situ spectral reflectance measurements were collected at some sampling sites. Pre-Delta-X sampling focused on surface waters, where the TSS data are used as inputs for hydrodynamic models for sediment transport and to calibrate the model to convert AVIRIS-NG spectral reflectance measurements into TSS.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-freshwater-ecosystems-rivers-stream, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-erosion-sedimentation-land-surface-suspended-solids, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-coastal-landforms-deltas, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-water-channels, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-wetlands, earth-science-water-quality-water-chemistry-terrestrial-hydrosphere-solids-sediments
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Remote Sensing Derived Topsoil and Agricultural Economic Losses, Midwestern USA

This dataset provides estimates of topsoil loss and economic loss associated with decreased crop productivity resulting from topsoil loss at county- and state-levels across the Corn Belt region of the Midwestern USA. Intermediate products used to derive topsoil loss are provided and include 4 m gridded estimates of study sites elevation, curvature, slope, soil organic carbon index (SOCI), and the probability of exposed B-horizon soil. Topsoil loss at the county- and state-levels was derived from analyses of agricultural land at selected sites across the study area. From WorldView imagery, 759 fields were identified that had exposed bare soil (210 km2) and were grouped into 28 sites. Gridded estimates of the SOCI and of the probability of exposed B-horizon soil were determined for each field within the sites. Topography measures, including elevation (m), curvature (m-1), and slope (deg), were extracted over the entire study area from LiDAR-derived digital elevation models at a 4 m resolution acquired from 2003-2018. Within each of the 28 study sites, the SOCI and topographic curvature values were extracted from co-located pixels. Topsoil loss was estimated from the relationship between subsoil exposure and topography and averaged across each site.The relationship between topsoil loss and topographic curvature was used to up-scale and predict topsoil and economic losses at the county and state-levels across the entire 375,000 km2 study area. The data have been used to demonstrate a robust and scalable method for estimating the magnitude of erosion in agricultural landscapes.

Tags: earth-science-agricultural-plant-science-agriculture-crop-plant-yields, earth-science-economic-resources-human-dimensions-agriculture-production, earth-science-soils-agriculture-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon-soil-organic-carbon-soc, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-erosion, earth-science-topography-land-surface-topographic-effects
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 4

The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines; it is intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers. This data set provides a single outline for each glacier and is produced in coordination with the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change, but can be used to estimate glacier volumes, rates of elevation change at regional and global scales, and cryospheric responses to climatic forcing. Glacier mapping data are contributed to both GLIMS and the RGI from the glaciological community. RGI is produced by the Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory and Infrastructure for Glacier Monitoring, a body of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). This data set is updated approximately annually. Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data (CSV files) and gridded auxiliary data (GeoTIFFs) are also available. All RGI data are packaged globally and by region, with regions based upon the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers.

Tags: earth-science-cryospheric-indicators-climate-indicators-glacial-measurements-glacier-elevation, earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere-glaciers-glacier-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Regridded Harmonized World Soil Database v1.2

This data set describes select global soil parameters from the Harmonized World Soil Database (HWSD) v1.2, including additional calculated parameters such as area weighted soil organic carbon (kg C per m2), as high resolution NetCDF files. These data were regridded and upscaled from the Harmonized World Soil Database v1.2 The HWSD provides information for addressing emerging problems of land competition for food production, bio-energy demand and threats to biodiversity and can be used as input to model global carbon cycles. The data are presented as a series of 27 NetCDF v3/v4 (*.nc4) files at 0.05-degree spatial resolution, and one NetCDF file regridded to the Community Land Model (CLM) grid cell resolution (0.9 degree x 1.25 degree) for the nominal year of 2000.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-cation-exchange-capacity, earth-science-soils-land-surface-organic-matter
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Randolph Glacier Inventory - A Dataset of Global Glacier Outlines, Version 5

The Randolph Glacier Inventory (RGI) is a global set of glacier outlines; it is intended as a snapshot of the world’s glaciers. This data set provides a single outline for each glacier and is produced in coordination with the Global Land Ice Measurements from Space (GLIMS) initiative. The RGI is not suitable for measuring glacier-by-glacier rates of area change, but can be used to estimate glacier volumes, rates of elevation change at regional and global scales, and cryospheric responses to climatic forcing. Glacier mapping data are contributed to both GLIMS and the RGI from the glaciological community. RGI is produced by the Working Group on the Randolph Glacier Inventory and Infrastructure for Glacier Monitoring, a body of the International Association of Cryospheric Sciences (IACS). This data set is updated approximately annually. Glacier outlines are distributed as Shapefiles. Hypsometric data (CSV files) and gridded auxiliary data (GeoTIFFs) are also available. All RGI data are packaged globally and by region, with regions based upon the Global Terrestrial Network for Glaciers.

Tags: earth-science-cryospheric-indicators-climate-indicators-glacial-measurements-glacier-elevation, earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere-glaciers-glacier-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Rand Corporation Mean Monthly Global Snow Depth, Version 1

This data set provides monthly snow depth for the entire globe (excluding Africa and South America) from 1950 to 1976. All available monthly snow depth climatologies were integrated by the Rand Corporation in the early 1980s into one global digital data set gridded at 4 degree latitude x 5 degree longitude.

Tags: earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-depth
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Pre-Delta-X: Aboveground Biomass and Vegetation Maps, Wax Lake Delta, LA, USA, 2016

This dataset includes aboveground biomass (AGB) and vegetation of herbaceous and forest wetland at 5.4 m resolution across the Wax Lake Delta (WLD) in Southern Louisiana, USA, within the Mississippi River Delta (MRD) floodplain. Vegetation classes were derived from Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) imagery acquired over the Atchafalaya Basin and the Terrebonne Basin in October 2016 in combination with a digital elevation model. The AVIRIS-NG surface reflectance data were also combined with L-band Uninhabited Airborne Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) HV backscatter and scattering component values from coincident vegetation sample sites to develop and test AGB models for emergent herbaceous and forested wetland vegetation. This study used the integrated airborne data from AVIRIS-NG and UAVSAR to assess the instruments' unique capabilities in combination for estimating AGB in coastal deltaic wetlands. The 5.4 m resolution vegetation classification map for the WLD study area was then used to apply the best models to estimate AGB across the WLD.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-forest-composition-vegetation-structure
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Remote Sensing Data Before and After California Rim and King Forest Fires, 2010-2015

This data set provides high-resolution surface reflectance, thermal imagery, burn severity metrics, and LiDAR-derived structural measures of forested areas in the Sierra Nevada Mountains, California, USA, collected before and after the August 2013 Rim and September 2014 King mega forest fires. Pre-fire data were paired with post-fire collections to assess pre- and post-fire landscape characteristics and fire severity. Field estimates of fire severity were collected to compare with derived remote sensing indices. Reflectance measurements for the spectroscopic AVIRIS and MASTER sensors are distributed as multi-band geotiffs for each megafire and acquisition date. Derived operational metric products for each sensor are provided in individual GeoTIFFs. GeoTIFFs produced from LiDAR point data depict first order topographic indices and summary statistics of vertical vegetation structure.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-biomass-burning, earth-science-forest-science-agriculture-forest-fire-science, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-wildfires
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Reduced Resolution Geolocated and Calibrated TOA Radiance

The Medium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) is one of 10 sensors deployed in March of 2002 on board the polar-orbiting Envisat-1 environmental research satellite by the European Space Agency (ESA). The MERIS instrument is a moderate-resolution wide field-of-view push-broom imaging spectroradiometer capable of sensing in the 390 nm to 1040 nm spectral range. Being a programmable instrument, it had the unique capability of selectively adjusting the width and location of its 15 bands through ground command. The instrument has a 68.5-degree field of view and a swath width of 1150 meters, providing a global coverage every 3 days at 300 m resolution. Communication with the Envisat-1 satellite was lost suddenly on the 8th of April, 2012, just weeks after celebrating its 10th year in orbit. All attempts to re-establish contact were unsuccessful, and the end of the mission was declared on May 9th, 2012. The 4th reprocessing cycle, in 2020, has produced both the full-resolution and reduced-resolution L1 and L2 MERIS products. EN1_MDSI_MER_RR__1P is the short-name for the MERIS Level-1 reduced resolution, geolocated and calibrated top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiance product. This product contains the TOA upwelling spectral radiance measurements at reduced resolution. The in-band reference irradiances for the 15 MERIS bands are computed by averaging the in-band solar irradiance for each pixel. Each pixel’s in-band solar irradiance is computed by integrating the reference solar spectrum with the band-pass of each pixel. The Level-1 product contains 22 data files: 15 files contain radiances for each band (one band per file) along with associated error estimates, and 7 annotation data files. It also includes a Manifest file that provides metadata information describing the product.

Tags: earth-science-cloud-properties-atmosphere-clouds-cloud-properties-cloud-ceiling, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-precipitable-water, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-landscape-land-surface-landscape-ecology, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-ocean-color, earth-science-ultraviolet-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-ultraviolet-radiance, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Remote and In Situ Observations - San Francisco Bay and Delta Ecosystem (RIO-SFE)

Remote and In Situ Observations - San Francisco Bay and Delta Ecosystem (RIO-SFE)

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Research on Ocean-Atmosphere Variability and Ecosystem Response in the Ross Sea (ROAVERRS) Project

Measurements taken off the Antarctic coast in the Ross Sea between 1996 and 1998 under the Research on Ocean-Atmosphere Variability and Ecosystem Response in the Ross Sea (ROAVERRS).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Reconstructed North American Snow Extent, 1900-1993, Version 1

This data set contains reconstructed monthly North American snow extent values for November through March, 1900-1993. Investigators used a combination of satellite and station observations and based the reconstruction on linear regressions between the two types of observations. The data also includes standard errors of estimates as well as the observed values upon which the regressions were based.

Tags: earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-cover-snow-extent, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-snow-cover-snow-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration