AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment (TARFOX) - meteorological data from Wallops ground station

TARFOX_WALLOPS_MET is the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment (TARFOX) Surface Meteorological data set Wallops ground station.The TARFOX Intensive Field Campaign was conducted July 10-31, 1996. It included coordinated measurements from four satellites (GOES-8, NOAA-14, ERS-2, LANDSAT), four aircraft (ER-2, C-130, C-131A, and a modified Cessna), land sites, and ships. A variety of aerosol conditions was sampled, ranging from relatively clean behind frontal passages to moderately polluted with aerosol optical depths exceeding 0.5 at mid-visible wavelengths. Gradients of aerosol optical thickness were sampled to aid in isolating aerosol effects from other radiative effects and to more tightly constrain closure tests, including those of satellite retrievals. Early results from TARFOX include demonstration of the unexpected importance of carbonaceous compounds and water condensed on aerosol in the US mid-Atlantic haze plume, chemical apportionment of the aerosol optical depth, measurements of the downward component of aerosol radiative forcing, and agreement between forcing measurements and calculations.

Tags: air-temperature, atmosphere, atmosphere-surface-winds, atmospheric-pressure, atmospheric-pressure-measurements, atmospheric-temperature, atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere, atmospheric-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature-atmospheri, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, humidity, surface-temperature, surface-temperature-water-vapor, water-vapor-indicators
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TROPICS07 L2B Deep Multispectral INtensity (DMIN) of Tropical Cyclones Estimator Algorithm V0.2

The "Time-Resolved Observations of Precipitation structure and storm Intensity with a Constellation of Smallsats" (TROPICS) mission has a goal of providing nearly all-weather observations of three-dimensional temperature and humidity, as well as cloud ice and precipitation horizontal structure, at high temporal resolution to conduct high-value science investigations of tropical cyclones. The mission comprises a constellation of five identical Space Vehicles (SVs) conforming to the 3U form factor and hosting a passive microwave spectrometer payload. Each SV hosts an identical high-performance spectrometer named the TROPICS Millimeter-wave Sounder (TMS) that will provide temperature profiles using seven channels near the 118.75-GHz oxygen absorption line, water vapor profiles using three channels near the 183-GHz water vapor absorption line, imagery in a single channel near 90 GHz for precipitation measurements (when combined with higher resolution water vapor channels), and a single channel near 205 GHz that is more sensitive to cloud-sized ice particles. The Deep Multispectral INtensity of TCs estimator with 183 GHz brightness temperatures (D-MINT183), developed at the University of Wisconsin/CIMSS, estimates two primary TC variables: Minimum Sea Level Pressure (MSLP) and Maximum Sustained Winds (MSW). D-MINT183 is a convolutional neural network (CNN) with no inherent physical understanding of TC intensity relationships, which is an approach that differs from the other two TROPICS TC Intensity algorithm (i.e., TCIE and HISA). D-MINT183 is trained using combinations of 183±1 and 183±3 GHz imagery from SSMIS, ATMS, MHS, and AMSU-B, as well as 15 hours of infrared imagery (in 3-h increments) and scalar predictors. TROPICS has 184.41 GHz and 186.51 GHz imagery, which is used as a proxy for the 183±1 GHz and 183±3 GHz imagery.

Tags: atmosphere, atmosphere-tropical-cyclones, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere-tropical-cyclones, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere-tropical-cyclones-maximum-1-minute-sustained-wind, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere-tropical-cyclones-minimum-central-pressure-weather-even, minimum-central-pressure, tropical-cyclones, tropical-cyclones-maximum-1-minute-sustained-wind, weather-events, weather-events-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TROPOMI/S5P NO2 Tropospheric, Stratospheric and Total Columns MINDS 1-Orbit L2 Swath 5.5 km x 3.5 km V1.1 (TROPOMI_MINDS_NO2) at GES DISC

As part of the NASA's Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) program, this project entitled “Multi-Decadal Nitrogen Dioxide and Derived Products from Satellites (MINDS)” will develop consistent long-term global trend-quality data records spanning the last two decades, over which remarkable changes in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions have occurred. The objective of the project Is to adapt Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) operational algorithms to other satellite instruments and create consistent multi-satellite L2 and L3 nitrogen dioxide (NO2) columns and value-added L4 surface NO2 concentrations and NOx emissions data products, systematically accounting for instrumental differences. The instruments include Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME, 1996-2011), SCanning Imaging Absorption spectroMeter for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY, 2002-2012), OMI (2004-present), GOME-2 (2007-present), and TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI, 2018-present). The quality assured L2-L4 products will be made available to the scientific community via the NASA GES DISC website in Climate and Forecast (CF)-compliant Hierarchical Data Format (HDF5) and netCDF formats.

Tags: atmosphere, atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds, atmospheric-chemistry, atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-atmospheric-nitric-acid, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitric-oxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrogen-dioxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrogen-oxides, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrous-oxide-atmospheric-che, nitric-oxide, nitrogen-compounds, nitrogen-compounds-atmospheric-nitric-acid, nitrogen-dioxide, nitrogen-oxides, nitrous-oxide
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment - University of Washington instrumented C-131A aircraft Data Set

TARFOX_UWC131A is the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment (TARFOX) - University of Washington instrumented C-131A aircraft data set. The TARFOX Intensive Field Campaign was conducted July 10-31, 1996. It included coordinated measurements from four satellites (GOES-8, NOAA-14, ERS-2, LANDSAT), four aircraft (ER-2, C-130, C-131A, and a modified Cessna), land sites, and ships. A variety of aerosol conditions was sampled, ranging from relatively clean behind frontal passages to moderately polluted with aerosol optical depths exceeding 0.5 at mid-visible wavelengths. Gradients of aerosol optical thickness were sampled to aid in isolating aerosol effects from other radiative effects and to more tightly constrain closure tests, including those of satellite retrievals. Early results from TARFOX include demonstration of the unexpected importance of carbonaceous compounds and water condensed on aerosol in the US mid-Atlantic haze plume, chemical apportionment of the aerosol optical depth, measurements of the downward component of aerosol radiative forcing, and agreement between forcing measurements and calculations.

Tags: aerosol-backscatter, aerosol-extinction, aerosol-particle-properties, aerosols, atmosphere, atmosphere-oxygen-compounds, cloud-condensation-nuclei, cloud-droplet-concentration-size, cloud-liquid-water-ice, cloud-microphysics, cloud-microphysics-atmospheric-ozone, clouds, clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-cloud-condensation-nuclei, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-droplet-concentration-size-atmospheric, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-liquid-water-ice
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) V2.1

The Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) dataset was created for the TCI field campaign from August 30, 2015 through October 23, 2015. The goal of the TCI field campaign was to improve the prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) intensity and structure change. The specific focus was to have an improved understanding of TC upper-level outflow layer processes and dynamics. These Hurricane Imaging Radiometer (HIRAD) data were obtained from the instrument onboard the NASA WB-57 aircraft flow on specific dates during the campaign. The data files include brightness temperature, rain rate, wind speed, and sea surface temperature estimates in netCDF-3 format, with corresponding browse imagery in PNG format.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-ocean-indicators-atmosphere, atmospheric-winds, brightness-temperature, climate-indicators-precipitation-rate, earth-science-atmospheric-ocean-indicators-climate-indicators-sea-surface-temperature-indices-p, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-speed, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-rate, infrared-wavelengths, sea-surface-temperature-indices-wind-speed, spectral-engineering, surface-winds
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment (TARFOX) - Vaisala Radiosonde data from Wallops ground station

TARFOX_WALLOPS_SONDE is the Tropospheric Aerosol Radiative Forcing Observational eXperiment (TARFOX) Vaisala radiosonde data set from balloons launched at Wallops ground station. The TARFOX Intensive Field Campaign was conducted July 10-31, 1996. It included coordinated measurements from four satellites (GOES-8, NOAA-14, ERS-2, LANDSAT), four aircraft (ER-2, C-130, C-131A, and a modified Cessna), land sites, and ships. A variety of aerosol conditions was sampled, ranging from relatively clean behind frontal passages to moderately polluted with aerosol optical depths exceeding 0.5 at mid-visible wavelengths. Gradients of aerosol optical thickness were sampled to aid in isolating aerosol effects from other radiative effects and to more tightly constrain closure tests, including those of satellite retrievals. Early results from TARFOX include demonstration of the unexpected importance of carbonaceous compounds and water condensed on aerosol in the US mid-Atlantic haze plume, chemical apportionment of the aerosol optical depth, measurements of the downward component of aerosol radiative forcing, and agreement between forcing measurements and calculations.

Tags: atmosphere, atmosphere-barometric-altitude, atmospheric-pressure, atmospheric-pressure-measurements, atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-barometric-altitude, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-altitude, water-vapor-indicators
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TSIS SIM Level 3 Solar Spectral Irradiance 12-Hour Means V13 (TSIS_SSI_L3_12HR) at GES DISC

Version 13 is the current release of this data product, and supercedes all previous versions. The TSIS SIM Level 3 Solar Spectral Irradiance (SSI) 12-Hour Means data product (TSIS_SSI_L3_12HR) uses measurements from the Spectal Irradiance Monitor (SIM) instrument, and averages them over a 12-hour period. TSIS-1 was launched on December 15, 2017 and mounted on the International Space Station (ISS) on December 30, 2017. Solar spectra are measured over the spectral range from 200 to 2400 nm at a spectral resolution ranging from 2 nm (<0.28 microns) to 45 nm (>0.4 microns). Irradiances are reported at a mean solar distance of 1 AU and zero relative line-of-sight velocity with respect to the Sun. The SIM absolute uncertainty is about 0.2%. All of the data from this product are arranged into a single file in a tabular ASCII text format which can be easily read into a spreadsheet application. New data are appended to the file on a daily basis. The columns contain the date, Julian day, minimum wavelength, maximum wavelength, instrument mode, data version number, irradiance value, irradiance uncertainty, and data quality. The rows are arranged with data at each wavelength over the full SIM wavelength range, repeating for each day for the length of the mission.

Tags: earth-science-solar-activity-sun-earth-interactions-solar-irradiance-solar-activity-sun-earth-i
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-4 Images of Daytime and Nighttime Brightness Temperature at 6.7 microns on 70 mm Film V001 (THIRN4IMCH67) at GES DISC

THIRN4IMCH67 is the Nimbus-4 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) data product consisting of daily montages of brightness temperatures measured at 6.7 microns on 70 mm photofacsimile film strips. Daytime and nighttime orbital swaths are displayed in strips, each corresponding to a distance approximately from pole to pole and a width from horizon to horizon. The ground resolution of 22.6 km at nadir decreases as the horizontal distance from the subsatellite track increases. Each film strip is gridded with geographic coordinates and is identified by orbit number, time, and an indication of whether it is daytime (D) or nighttime (N). The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 1 week of images are archived into a TAR file. Additional information can be found in section 3.4.1 of "The Nimbus IV User's Guide". The THIR instrument was designed to detect emitted thermal radiation in both the 10.5- to 12.5-micrometer region (IR window) and the 6.5- to 7.0-micrometer region (water vapor). The window channel measured cloudtop temperatures day and night. The other channel operated primarily at night to map the water vapor distribution in the upper troposphere and stratosphere. The THIR experiment made measurements from April 18, 1970 until April 8, 1971. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00194 (old ID 70-025A-02B).

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature-infrared-wavelen
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-4 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 11.5 microns V001 (THIRN4L1CH115) at GES DISC

THIRN4L1CH115 is the Nimbus-4 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 11.5 microns product and contains radiances expressed in units of equivalent brightness temperature measured in the 10.5 - 12.5 (11.5) micron channel. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT-THIR). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The Nimbus-4 satellite was successfully launched on December 11, 1972. The THIR experiment on Nimbus-4 replaced the measurements made by the HRIR and MRIR instruments flown on previous Nimbus satellites. The THIR instrument is a two channel high resolution scanning radiometer designed to perform two major functions:* The 11.5 micron channel provides both day and night cloud top or surface temperatures. The ground resolution at the sub-point is 8 km and operates day and night.* The 6.7 micron channel gives information on the moisture content of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and the location of jet streams and frontal systems. The water vapor channel has a resolution of the sub-point is 22 km and operates mostly at night. The THIR Principal Investigator was Andrew W. McCulloch from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The Nimbus-4 THIR data are available from April 13, 1970 (day of year 103) through April 1, 1971 (day of year 91). The THIRN4L1CH67 product contains the 6.7 micron channel data. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00004 (old ID 70-025A-02D).

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature-infrared-wavelen
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-5 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 6.7 microns V001 (THIRN5L1CH67) at GES DISC

THIRN5L1CH67 is the Nimbus-5 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 6.7 microns product and contains radiances expressed in units of equivalent brightness temperature measured in the 6.7 micron channel. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT-THIR). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The Nimbus-5 satellite was successfully launched on December 11, 1972. The THIR experiment on Nimbus-5 continued the measurements made by its predecessor flown on Nimbus-4. The THIR instrument is a two channel high resolution scanning radiometer designed to perform two major functions:* 11.5 micron channel provides both day and night cloud top or surface temperatures. The ground resolution at the sub-point is 8 km and operates day and night.* 6.7 micron channel gives information on the moisture content of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and the location of jet streams and frontal systems. The water vapor channel has a resolution of the sub-point is 22 km and operates mostly at night. The THIR Principal Investigator was Andrew W. McCulloch from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The Nimbus-5 THIR data are available from December 19, 1972 (day of year 354) through August 26, 1974 (day of year 238). The THIRN5L1CH115 product contains the 11.5 micron channel data. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00167 (old ID 72-097A-08D).

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature-infrared-wavelen
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-7 Level 1 Calibrated Located Radiation Data at 6.7 and 11.5 microns V001 (THIRN7L1CLDT) at GES DISC

THIRN7L1CLDT is the Nimbus-7 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) Level 1 Calibrated Located Radiation Data (CLDT) at 6.7 and 11.5 microns product and contains radiances expressed in units of W/m2/sr measured in the 10.5 - 12.5 (11.5) micron and 6.5 - 7.0 (6.7) micron channels. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic 9-track tapes. The data are archived in their original proprietary format. The Nimbus-7 satellite was successfully launched on October 28, 1978. The Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) experiment on Nimbus-7 is basically identical to its predecessors flown on Nimbus-4, -5 and -6, except that the data were digitized on board. The THIR instrument is a two channel high resolution scanning radiometer designed to perform two major functions:* The 11.5 micron channel provides both day and night cloud top or surface temperatures. The ground resolution at the sub-point is 6.7 km and operates day and night.* The 6.7 micron channel gives information on the moisture content of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and the location of jet streams and frontal systems. The water vapor channel has a resolution of the sub-point is 20 km and operates mostly at night. The THIR Principal Investigator was Dr. Larry L. Stowe from NOAA NESDIS. The Nimbus-7 THIR data are available from October 30, 1979 (day of year 303) through May 13, 1985 (day of year 133). This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00107 (old ID 78-098A-10C).

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance-infrared-wavelengths
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tidal Wetland Soil Carbon Stocks for the Conterminous United States, 2006-2010

This dataset provides modeled estimates of soil carbon stocks for tidal wetland areas of the Conterminous United States (CONUS) for the period 2006-2010. Wetland areas were determined using both 2006-2010 Coastal Change Analysis Program (C-CAP) raster maps and the National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) vector data. All 30 x 30-meter C-CAP pixels were extracted that are coded as estuarine emergent, scrub/shrub, or forested in either 2006 or 2010. A soil database for model fitting and validation was compiled from 49 different studies with spatially explicit empirical depth profile data and associated metadata, totaling 1,959 soil cores from 18 of the 22 coastal states. Reported estimates of carbon stocks were derived with modeling approaches that included (1) applying a single average carbon stock value from the compiled soil core data, (2) applying models fit using the empirical data and applied spatially using soil, vegetation and salinity maps, (3) relying on independently generated soil carbon maps from The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)'s Soil Survey Geographic Database (SSURGO), and the NWI that intersected with mapped tidal wetlands, and (4) using a version of SSURGO bias-corrected for bulk density. Comparisons of uncertainty, precision, and accuracy among these four approaches are also provided.

Tags: aquatic-ecosystems, biosphere, biosphere-carbon, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-wetlands-soils, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, ecological-dynamics, ecosystem-functions, ecosystems, ecosystems-land-surface, terrestrial-ecosystems-biogeochemical-cycles, wetlands
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration