AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Head-Down Tilt As a Model for Intracranial and Intraocular Pressures, and Retinal Changes during Spaceflight (Eye, MRI, Optical Coherence Tomography, Tonometry, A-scan)

This ground-based program was intended to address the etiology of visual system structural and functional changes observed in astronauts during both inflight and postflight periods. Using the well-documented rat hindlimb suspension (HLS) model, functionally equivalent to human head-down bedrest, we examined the relationship between cephalic fluid shifts resulting from long-duration G-unloading and the regulation of intracranial and intraocular pressures, as well as the effects these same cephalic fluid shifts have on visual system structure and function. Animals were chronically instrumented with biotelemetry to continuously measure intracranial pressure. Additionally, regular intraocular pressure measurements were made by tonometry during long-term exposure to cephalic fluid shifts induced by suspension. MRI images visualizing the visual system morphology were collected from HLS and control animals at regular intervals. Retinal morphology and ultrastructure were examined at specified intervals both during HLS and post-HLS recovery by ophthalmic examinations. This program utilized both male and female subjects in order to examine possible sex differences in these responses. We also examined the possible contributory factors of aging and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) on these responses of the visual system. Further, in addition to mimicking the effects of long duration exposure to microgravity through the use of the HLS model, we examined the responses of our measured outcomes during long-term recovery in the post-HLS period. Collectively, these data will help  us to develop a model to both understand and predict the etiology of changes in visual structure and function in astronauts exposed to the microgravity of spaceflight and during postflight recovery. This study investigated the development of a translational mammalian model within the context of hindlimb unloading, sex, and aging by which the data generated using this model can facilitate the development of countermeasures to alleviate any visual system decrements arising from exposure to the microgravity spaceflight environment. This study derives results from Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Optical Coherence Tomography, Tonometry, and A-scan Ultrasonography assays using eye tissues. This study is related to results found in OSD-680 (optic nerve) and OSD-681(subcutaneous tissue and subdural space).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Influence of gonadectomy on muscle health in micro- and partial-gravity environments in rats (Tibia; pQCT)

Gonadal hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol, modulate muscle size and strength in males and females. However, the influence of sex hormones on muscle strength in micro- and partial-gravity environments (e.g., the Moon or Mars) is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of gonadectomy (castration/ovariectomy) on progression of muscle atrophy in both micro- and partial-gravity environments in male and female rats. Male and female Fischer rats (n equals 120) underwent castration/ovariectomy (CAST/OVX) or sham surgery (SHAM) at 11 weeks of age. After 2 weeks of recovery, rats were exposed to hindlimb unloading (0g), partial weight bearing at 40% of normal loading (0.4g, Martian gravity), or normal loading (1.0g) for 28 days. In males, CAST did not exacerbate body weight loss or other metrics of musculoskeletal health. In females, OVX animals tended to have greater body weight loss and greater gastrocnemius loss. Within 7 days of exposure to either microgravity or partial gravity, females had detectable changes to estrous cycle, with greater time spent in low-estradiol phases diestrus and metestrus (∼47% in 1g vs. 58% in 0g and 72% in 0.4g animals, P equals 0.005). We conclude that in males testosterone deficiency at the initiation of unloading has little effect on the trajectory of muscle loss. In females, initial low estradiol status may result in greater musculoskeletal losses. This study derives results from pQCT (Peripheral quantitative computed tomography).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSAT PSPC Catalog of the Pleiades (Micela et al. 1996)

This catalog contains the results of a deep X-ray survey of the core region of the Pleiades open cluster carried out with ROSAT. In a single PSPC field (~1 degree in radius), 99 of 214 Pleiades stars are detected in X-rays, and upper limits are computed for the remainder. This catalog lists the characteristics of these stars taken from the literature, including their rotational data, as well as their X-ray characteristics. The nucleus of the composite catalog used in this study is the catalog compiled from the published literature for the Einstein investigations of the Pleiades (Micela et al. 1990, ApJ, 348, 557). This list has been extended by the results of recent surveys to a completeness limit of visual magnitude of about 18. This database was created at the HEASARC in April 2002 based on the ADC/&lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/102/75"&gt;CDS Catalog J/ApJS/102/75&lt;/a&gt; and is derived from Tables 1 and 5 of the published paper. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FIELD EXP E GPSM DERIVED RDR TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILES V1.0

A field differential Geopositional Satellite (GPS) survey team which included Jim Garvin, Jack Bufton, Bill Krabill, and Earl B. Frederick deployed a pair of Motorola Eagle II GPS receivers to the southern flanks of the feature known as Mars Hill (an alluvial boulder field superimposed on a major lobe of alluvial and colluvial material in Eastern Death Valley) on Oct. 19, 1989. The objective was to measure the 5-20 cm scale microrelief of the boulder field at pixel scales (30-50 m long transects), with vertical control to the few cm level. These microterrain profiles were to be used to help calibrate radar scattering models, and to compare with helicopter stereo data (FEXP-E-HSTP-4 RDR-TOPOGRAPHIC-PROF-V1.0) for the same location.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
All-Sky Catalog of Faint EUV Sources

The All-Sky Catalog of Faint Extreme-Ultraviolet (EUV) Sources is a list of 534 objects detected jointly in the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) (100 Angstrom (AA) band) All-Sky Survey and in the ROSAT X-ray Telescope (XRT) (0.25 keV band) All-Sky Survey. The joint selection criterion within a 1.5 arcminute positional tolerance permitted the use of a low count rate threshold in each survey. This low threshold was roughly 60% of the threshold used in the previous EUVE all-sky surveys, and 166 of the objects listed in this table were new EUV sources, appearing neither in the Second EUVE Source Catalog nor in the ROSAT Wide Field Camera Second Catalog. Preliminary identifications are offered for 105 of the 166 sources not previously reported in any EUV catalog: by far the most numerous (81) of the identifications are late-type (F-M) stars, while 18 are other stellar types, only 5 are white dwarfs, and none are extragalactic. The paucity of WDs and extragalactic objects may be explained by a strong horizon effect wherein interstellar absorption strongly limits the effective new-source search volume, and, thereby, selectively favors low-luminosity nearby sources over more luminous but distant objects. Notice that, with the adopted 1.5 arcminute acceptance criterion, about 50 spurious detections are expected. This Browse table was created in July 2003 based on CDS table IX/35/faint.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spaceflight-Induced Gene Expression Profiles in the Mouse Brain Are Attenuated by Treatment with the Antioxidant BuOE - Frontal Cortex

The demands of deep space pose a health risk to the central nervous system that has long been a concern when sending humans to space. While little is known about how spaceflight affects transcription spatially in the brain, a greater understanding of this process has the potential to aid strategies that mitigate the effects of spaceflight on the brain. Therefore, we performed GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling of mouse brains subjected to either spaceflight or grounded controls. Four brain regions were selected: Cortex, Frontal Cortex, Corunu Ammonis I, and Dentate Gyrus. Antioxidants have emerged as a potential means of attenuating the effects of spaceflight, so we treated a subset of the mice with a superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+ (BuOE). Our analysis revealed hundreds of differentially expressed genes due to spaceflight in each of the four brain regions. Both common and region-specific transcriptomic responses were observed. Metabolic pathways and pathways sensitive to oxidative stress were enriched in the four brain regions due to spaceflight. These findings enhance our understanding of brain regional variation in susceptibility to spaceflight conditions. BuOE reduced the transcriptomic effects of spaceflight at a large number of genes, suggesting that this compound may attenuate oxidative stress-induced brain damage caused by the spaceflight environment. This study contains data of frontal cortex region. The data of other brain regions are deposited in OSD-682 (cornu ammonis 1), OSD-685 (dentate gyrus), and OSD-699 (cerebral cortex).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Characterization of mouse ocular response to a 35-day spaceflight mission: Evidence of blood-retinal barrier disruption and ocular adaptations - Proteomics data

The health risks associated with spaceflight-induced ocular structural and functional damage has become a recent concern for NASA. The goal of the present study was to characterize the effects of spaceflight and reentry to 1 g on the structure and integrity of the retina and blood-retinal barrier (BRB) in the eye. To investigate possible mechanisms, changes in protein expression profiles were examined in mouse ocular tissue after spaceflight. Ten week old male C57BL/6 mice were launched to the International Space Station (ISS) on Space-X 12 at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC) on August, 2017. After a 35-day mission, mice were returned to Earth alive. Within 38 +/- 4 hours of splashdown, mice were euthanized and ocular tissues were collected for analysis. Ground control (GC) and vivarium control mice were maintained on Earth in flight hardware or normal vivarium cages respectively. Repeated intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements were performed before the flight launch and re-measured before the mice were euthanized after splashdown. IOP was significantly lower in post-flight measurements compared to that of pre-flight (14.4-19.3 mmHg vs 16.3-20.3 mmHg) (p  less than 0.05) for the left eye. Flight group had significant apoptosis in the retina and retinal vascular endothelial cells compared to control groups (p  less than  0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis of the retina revealed that an increased expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) in the flight mice compared to controls gave strong indication of disturbance of BRB integrity. There were also a significant increase in the expression of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) and a decrease in the expression of the BRB-related tight junction protein, Zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Proteomic analysis showed that many key proteins and pathways responsible for cell death, cell cycle, immune response, mitochondrial function and metabolic stress were significantly altered in the flight mice compared to ground control animals. These data indicate a complex cellular response that may alter retina structure and BRB integrity following long-term spaceflight.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
CI Asteroid Regolith as an In Situ Plant Growth Medium for Space Crop Production

Human expansion into the solar system is currently at the forefront of space research. For our astronauts to survive, they will need to be fed a healthy and nutritious diet on a consistent basis. Right now, our current method of feeding astronauts consists of resupplied prepackaged food from Earth, which is unsustainable for long-term missions. Using planetary resources via in situ resource utilization to grow crops is the next step toward sustainability in space. Asteroids are an abundant space resource and should not be overlooked when considering crewed missions. In particular, the primordial CI carbonaceous asteroids are of interest because the regolith is suggested to contain soluble elemental nutrients, such as phosphorous and potassium, that crops can use for growth and development. We present a study on the ability of CI carbonaceous asteroid regolith simulant to sustain plant growth of lettuce (Latuca sativa), radishes (Raphanus sativus), and peppers (Capsicum annuum). We tested growing the selected crops in increasing mixtures of simulant and peat moss. The results showed that each species reacted differently to each treatment and that the radishes were more affected by the treatments. Subsequent analysis showed that the simulant contains small amounts of plant-usable nutrients, despite its high pH, low cation exchange capacity, and classification as a silt-based soil. Our results indicate that the simulant is prone to compaction and crusting, leading to drought stress on the crops. Further investigations are needed to determine mitigation strategies to make CI asteroid regolith a more conducive soil. This data set derives results from the Image Analysis Photography assay with leaf area measurements. Additional data provided in the sample table includes plant height and biomass measurements as well as a thorough analysis of the substrate including pH, elemental analysis, and soil texture analysis.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Planck PCCS2E 100GHz Catalog

The second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2) is a set of single-frequency source catalogues extracted from the Planck full-mission maps in intensity and polarization. The 100, 143, 217, and 353 GHz catalogs include polarization measurements. The 857 GHz source list has six additional columns which give the flux densities and flux density uncertainties at the three adjacent lower frequencies: 217, 353, and 545 GHz.\nThe PCCS2E catalogs consist of those sources detected in sky regions where the diffuse emission makes it difficult to quantify the reliability of the detections.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Near-UV Detected Bright Early-M Dwarf Star Catalog

Planets orbiting within the close-in habitable zones of M dwarf stars will be exposed to elevated high-energy radiation driven by strong magnetohydrodynamic dynamos during stellar youth. Near-ultraviolet (NUV) irradiation can erode and alter the chemistry of planetary atmospheres, and a quantitative description of the evolution of NUV emission from M dwarfs is needed when modeling these effects. The authors investigated the NUV luminosity evolution of early M-type dwarfs by cross-correlating the Lepine &amp; Gaidos (LG11: 2011, AJ, 142, 138) catalog of bright M dwarfs (available at the HEASARC as the MDWARFASC table) with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) catalog of NUV (1771-2831 Angstrom) sources. Of the 4,805 sources with GALEX counterparts, 797 have NUV emission significantly (&gt; 2.5 sigma) in excess of an empirical basal level. The authors inspected these candidate active stars using visible-wavelength spectra, high-resolution adaptive optics imaging, time-series photometry, and literature searches to identify cases where the elevated NUV emission is due to unresolved background sources or stellar companions; they estimated the overall occurrence of these &quot;false positives&quot; (FPs) as ~ 16%. The authors constructed an NUV luminosity function that accounted for FPs, detection biases of the source catalogs, and GALEX upper limits. They found the NUV luminosity function to be inconsistent with predictions from a constant star-formation rate and simplified age-activity relation defined by a two-parameter power law. This table was created by the HEASARC in March 2015 based on an electronic versions of Table 4 from the reference paper which was obtained from the ApJ web site. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MARS EXPRESS MARS MRS 1/2/3 EXTENDED MISSION 7 4159 V1.0

This is a Mars Express Radio Science data set, collected during the extended mission phase 2019-01-01 to 2020-12-31. It is a Occultation measurement and covers the time 2020-11-29T09:03:55.399 to 2020-11-29T09:26:03.649.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VLA M 31 325-MHz Source Catalog

This table contains some of the results from a 325-MHz radio survey of M 31, conducted with the A configuration of the Very Large Array. The survey covered an area of 7.6 square degrees, and a total of 405 radio sources between &lt;~ 6&quot; and 170&quot; in extent were mapped with a resolution of 6&quot; and a 1-sigma sensitivity of ~ 0.6mJy/beam. For each source, its morphological class, major axis theta&lt;sub&gt;M&lt;/sub&gt;, minor axis theta&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;, position angle theta&lt;sub&gt;PA&lt;/sub&gt;, peak flux I, integrated flux density S, spectral index alpha, and spectral curvature parameter {phi were calculated. A comparison of the flux and radial distribution - both in the plane of the sky and in the plane of M 31 - of these sources with those of the XMM-Newton Large-Scale Structure Survey and the Westerbork Northern Sky Survey revealed that a vast majority of sources detected are background radio galaxies. As a result of this analysis, the authors expect that only a few sources are intrinsic to M 31. This study is based on a 5 hr (4 hr on-source) observation of M 31 conducted on 2000 December 15 with the VLA in A configuration. The procedures used to generate the source list and the source properties (essentially making use of the MIRIAD task SFIND) are discussed in Sections 2.2.2 and 2.3 of the reference paper, respectively. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2014 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/155/89"&gt;CDS Catalog J/ApJS/155/89&lt;/a&gt; file table3.dat, the GLG (Gelfand, Lazio, Gaensler) source list. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P RSI 1/2/3 COMET ESCORT 3 0871 V1.0

This is a Rosetta Radio Science data set, collected during the COMET ESCORT 3 phase 2015-07-01 to 2015-10-21. It is a Global Gravity measurement at the comet 67P and covers the time 2015-07-01T21:06:55.000 to 2015-07-02T03:00:23.500.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P RSI 1/2/3 PRELANDING 0385 V1.0

This is a Rosetta Radio Science data set, collected during the PRELANDING phase 2014-01-21 to 2014-11-18. It is a Global Gravity measurement at the comet 67P and covers the time 2014-10-25T12:21:15.000 to 2014-10-25T14:39:58.500.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Galactic O Stars with Accurate Spectral Classes Catalog

The authors have produced a catalog of 378 Galactic O stars (the GOS Catalog) with accurate spectral classifications that is complete for V &lt; 8 but includes many fainter stars. The catalog provides cross-identifications with other sources; coordinates (obtained in most cases from Tycho-2 data); astrometric distances for 24 of the nearest stars; optical (Tycho-2, Johnson, and Stroemgren) and NIR photometry; group membership, runaway character, and multiplicity information. There is also a web-based version of this catalog with links to online services at &lt;a href="http://www-int.stsci.edu/~jmaiz/research/GOS/GOSmain.html"&gt;http://www-int.stsci.edu/~jmaiz/research/GOS/GOSmain.html&lt;/a&gt; This table was created by the HEASARC in February 2009 based on the electronic versions of Tables 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 obtained from the CDS, namely their catalog V/116 (files main.dat, posplx.dat, tyc2mmag.dat, ubvmag.dat and dist.dat). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Predicting how varying moisture conditions impact the microbiome of dust collected from the International Space Station (ISS)

On Earth, people spend 90% of their time indoors where dust and moisture can facilitate rapid microbial growth, especially fungi. The International Space Station is a specialized closed environment that contains own unique indoor microbiome. Elevated moisture such as from a temporary ventilation system malfunction may lead to unintended microbial growth indoors, which is associated with negative health outcomes and degradation of essential built environment materials. We need to develop a predictive approach for modeling microbial growth to understand when it may occur in these critical indoor spaces. Here we demonstrate that exposure to even fluctuating elevated relative humidity above 80% can lead to rapid microbial growth and community composition changes in dust from spacecraft. We were able to model fungal growth in space station dust using the time-of-wetness framework with activation and deactivation limited growth occurring at 85% and 100% relative humidity conditions, respectively. Alpha and beta diversity of fungi was altered with both significantly decreasing as relative humidity and time elevated increased. Our results demonstrate that we can use moisture conditions to develop predictive models for fungal growth and composition. Understanding microbial growth in spacecraft can protect astronaut health, spacecraft integrity, and promote planetary protection as human activity increases in low-Earth orbit, the moon, Mars, and beyond.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER STEINSRPCLAP 2 AST1 EDITED2 V1.0

This data set contains EDITEDdata from Rosetta RPC-LAP, acquired during the STEINS FLY-BY missionphase where the primary target was the asteroid 2867 STEINS. It containsuncalibrated raw data, i.e. the digital output of the instrument.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Planck PR2 Sunyaev-Zeldovich Cluster MMF1 List

These catalogs contain a list of galaxy clusters detected through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZ) and consist of candidate sources that were detected using multifrequency algorithms that use the distinct spectral signature of such clusters. This version of the SZ catalogs is a component of Planck Data Release 2.\n\nThree pipelines are used to detect SZ clusters: two independent implementations of the Matched Multi-Filter (MMF1 and MMF3), and PowellSnakes (PwS). The main catalog is the union of the catalogs from the three detection methods. The individual catalogs are provided for the expert user in order to assess the consistency of the pipelines. The union catalogue contains the coordinates and the signal-to-noise ratio of the detections and a summary of the external validation information, including external identification of a cluster and its redshift if it is available.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MARS EXPRESS MARS MRS 1/2/3 EXTENDED MISSION 8 4203 V1.0

This is a Mars Express Radio Science data set, collected during the extended mission phase 2021-01-01 to 2022-12-31. It is a Occultation measurement and covers the time 2021-04-03T06:20:33.600 to 2021-04-03T06:58:27.750.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration