AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
GPM DPR L2A Environment 1.5 hours 5 km V07 (GPM_2ADPRENV) at GES DISC

Version 07 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and have been superseded by Version 07.
.

This is environmental data that includes the profiles of atmospheric parameters assumed in the L2 retrieval algorithm.

This GPM data type provides single- and dual-frequency-derived precipitation estimates from the Ku and Ka radars of the Dual-Frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on the core GPM spacecraft. The output consists of three main classes of precipitation products derived from the: 
+ the Ku-band frequency over a wide swath (245 km);
+ the Ka-band frequency over a narrow swath (125 km), and
+ the dual-frequency data over the narrow swath. 

The Ka-band results are further divided into the standard and high-sensitivity estimates. In the standard sensitivity mode, the fields of view within the inner swath are matched to those of the Ku-band. Data from these matched-beam Ku- and Ka-band fields of view are used to derive the dual-frequency precipitation products. The retrievals are performed at each radar range bin along the slant path of the radar instrument field of view (IFOV). 

The dual-frequency retrieval benefits from having co-aligned measurements at Ku- and Ka-bands. Data from these measurements are used to infer properties of the particle size distribution, which are expected to lead to improved estimates of rainfall rate and equivalent liquid water content. Dual-frequency data are expected to improve the capability to discriminate among water, ice, and mixed-phase hydrometeors as a function of height. This capability is particularly important in convective storms where a bright-band signature, associated with mixed-phase hydrometeors, is usually not detectable. In addition, the different attenuation rates of the Ku- and Ka-bands allow differential attenuation techniques to be used to estimate the path integrated attenuation. The high-sensitivity Ka-band channel is expected to have 6 dB greater sensitivity than the Ku- and standard Ka-band channels and to provide enhanced detection capabilities at the light rainfall rates.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-water-vapor, earth-science, precipitation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TRMM Microwave Imager Calibrated Radiances L1B 1.5 hours V7 (TRMM_1B11) at GES DISC

This dataset contains TRMM Micrwave Imager (TMI) L1B calibrated radiances in terms of Brightness Temperatures.

The TMI calibration algorithm (1B11) converts the radiometer counts to antenna temperatures by applying a linear relationship of the form Ta = c1 + c2 x count. The coefficients are provided by the instrument contractor. Antenna temperatures are corrected for cross-polarization and spill over to produce brightness temperatures (Tb), but no antenna beam pattern correction or sample to pixel averaging are performed. Temperatures are provided at 104 scan positions for the low frequency channels and 208 scan positions at 85 GHz. There are four samples per pixel (3 -dB beamwidth) at 10 GHz, two samples at 19, 22, and 37 GHz, and one sample per pixel for the 85 GHz.
Data Flow Description


Changes in horizontal resolution resulting from the TRMM boost that occurred on 24 August 2001:

Pre-Boost (before 7 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 91.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 760 km; Horizontal Resolution: 4.4 km 

Post-Boost (after 24 August 2001): Temporal Resolution: 92.5 min/orbit ~ 16 orbits/day; Swath Width: 878 km; Horizontal Resolution: 5.1 km

Tags: earth-science, infrared-wavelengths, platform-characteristics, sensor-characteristics, spectral-engineering, visible-wavelengths
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Effect of Electrostatic Discharge on Electrical Characteristics of Discrete Electronic Components

This article reports on preliminary results of a study conducted to examine how temporary electrical overstress seed fault conditions in discrete power electronic components that cannot be detected with reliability tests but impact longevity of the device. These defects do not result in formal parametric failures per datasheet specifications, but result in substantial change in the electrical characteristics when compared with pristine device parameters. Tests were carried out on commercially available 600V IGBT devices using transmission line pulse (TLP) and system level ESD stress.* It was hypothesized that the ESD causes local damage during the ESD discharge which may greatly accelerate degradation mechanisms and thus reduce the life of the components. This hypothesis was explored in simulation studies where different types of damage were imposed to different parts of the device. Experimental results agree qualitatively with the simulation for a number of tests which will motivate more in-depth modeling of the damage.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Level 2 Nadir Altimeter Interim Geophysical Data Record with Waveforms Version 1.0

The SWOT Level 2 Nadir Altimeter Interim Geophysical Data Record (IGDR) Version 1.0 dataset produced by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides sea surface height, significant wave height and wind speed measurements from the Poseidon-3C nadir altimeter, a Jason-class dual frequency (Ku/C) altimeter. SWOT is a joint mission between NASA and CNES that launched on December 16, 2022. It aims to measure ocean surface topography with unprecedented resolution and accuracy, as well as map inland water bodies globally.
The IGDR dataset consists of discrete measurements along the nadir track with sampling resolutions of approximately 6-km and 300-m at 1Hz and 20Hz, respectively. The data were processed using the Medium-accuracy (preliminary) Orbit Ephemeris (MOE) and preliminary values for certain auxiliary data. The IGDR data are distributed as one file per half orbit in netCDF-4 file format with a nominal latency of < 1.5 days.

Tags: earth-science, ocean-waves, oceans, sea-surface-topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ADVANCED MICROWAVE SOUNDING UNIT-A (AMSU-A) SWATH FROM NOAA-15 V1

AMSU-A, the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit, is a 15-channel passive microwave radiometer used to profile atmospheric temperature and moisture from the earth's surface to ~45 km (3 millibars). All orbits beginning in the day (00:00:00 - 23:59:59 UTC) are stored in one daily HDF-EOS file. Each file contains 15 (channel) arrays, as well as corresponding latitude, longitude, and time. AMSU flies on the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) polar orbiting spacecraft as part of the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). NOAA-15 was the first spacecraft to fly AMSU. Launched on 13 May 1998, NOAA-15 is in a sun synchronous near polar orbit.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-temperature, atmospheric-water-vapor, earth-science, microwave, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Characterization of Interstellar Organic Molecules

Understanding the origins of life has been one of the greatest dreams throughout history. It is now known that star-forming regions contain complex organic molecules, known as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), each of which has particular infrared spectral characteristics. By understanding which PAH species are found in specific star-forming regions, we can better understand the biochemistry that takes place in interstellar clouds. Identifying and classifying PAHs is not an easy task: we can only observe a single superposition of PAH spectra at any given astrophysical site, with the PAH species perhaps numbering in the hundreds or even thousands. This is a challenging source separation problem since we have only one observation composed of numerous mixed sources. However, it is made easier with the help of a library of hundreds of PAH spectra. In order to separate PAH molecules from their mixture, we need to identify the specific species and their unique concentrations that would provide the given mixture. We develop a Bayesian approach for this problem where sources are separated from their mixture by Metropolis Hastings algorithm. Separated PAH concentrations are provided with their error bars, illustrating the uncertainties involved in the estimation process. The approach is demonstrated on synthetic spectral mixtures using spectral resolutions from the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). Performance of the method is tested for different noise levels.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
First International Diagnosis Competition – DXC’09

A framework to compare and evaluate diagnosis algorithms (DAs) has been created jointly by NASA Ames Research Center and PARC. In this paper, we present the first concrete implementation of this framework as a competition called DXC’09. The goal of this competition was to evaluate and compare DAs in a common platform and to determine a winner based on diagnosis results. 12 DAs (model-based and otherwise) competed in this first year of the competition in 3 tracks that included industrial and synthetic systems. Specifically, the participants provided algorithms that communicated with the run-time architecture to receive scenario data and return diagnostic results. These algorithms were run on extended scenario data sets (different from sample set) to compute a set of pre-defined metrics. A ranking scheme based on weighted metrics was used to declare winners. This paper presents the systems used in DXC’09, description of faults and data sets, a listing of participating DAs, the metrics and results computed from running the DAs, and a superficial analysis of the results.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) L4 Soil Moisture Ancillary LDAS Parameters Files V001

This ancillary SMAP product contains three dynamic Land Data Assimilation Systems (LDAS) data sets. These data sets include Brightness Temperature (TB) scaling parameters; catchment model parameters such as topographic statistics, soil texture, and soil hydraulic parameters; and LDAS L-band microwave radiative transfer model parameters.

Tags: earth-science, land-surface, microwave, soils, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Onboard Detection of Snow, Ice, Clouds, and Other Processes

The detection of clouds within a satellite image is essential for retrieving surface geophysical parameters from optical and thermal imagery. Even a small percentage of cloud cover within a radiometer pixel can adversely affect the determination of surface variables such as albedo and temperature. Thus, onboard processing of satellite data requires reliable automated cloud detection algorithms that are applicable to a wide range of surface types. Unfortunately cloud-detection, particularly over snow- and ice-covered surfaces, is a problem that plagues the field of remote sensing because of the lack of spectral contrast.
This paper discusses preliminary results based on kernel methods for unsupervised discovery of snow, ice, clouds, and other geophysical processes based on data from the MODIS instrument and discusses implementation in computationally constrained environments such as those found on satellites.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SBUV2/NOAA-11 Level 2 Daily Ozone Profile and Total Column from CD-ROM V008 (SBUV2N11O3) at GES DISC

The version 8 SBUV/2 NOAA-11 ozone data were first released at the 2004 Quadrennial Ozone Symposium on DVD. The DVD contained all of the SBUV/2 data from NOAA-9, NOAA-11 and NOAA-16 satellites as well as SBUV data from the Nimbus-7 satellite. The DVD is no longer available, however all the data are available on-line from the NASA GES DISC. The NOAA-11 SBUV/2 v8 data are available from 1988-12-01 to 2001-03-27. The instrument spatial resolution is 180 km x 180 km footprint at nadir. The ozone profiles are made at 21 pressure levels between 1000 and 0.1 hPa. Each data file contains a days worth of ozone measurements, and is written in an ASCII text format.

The SBUV/2 is a scanning double monochromator and a cloud cover radiometer (CCR) designed to measure ultraviolet (UV) spectral intensities. In its primary mode of operation, the monochromator measures solar radiation backscattered by the atmosphere in 12 discrete wavelength bands in the near-UV, ranging from 252.0 to 339.8 nanometers, each with a bandpass of 1.1 nm. The total-ozone algorithm uses the four longest wavelength bands (312.5, 317.5, 331.2 and 339.8 nm), whereas the profiling algorithm uses the shorter wavelengths. The cloud cover radiometer operates at 379 nm (i.e., outside the ozone absorption band) with a 3.0 nm bandpass and was designed to measure the reflectivity of the surface in the IFOV. The SBUV/2 also makes periodic measurements of the solar flux by deploying a diffuser plate into the FOV to reflect sunlight into the measurement.

Tags: aerosols, atmosphere, atmospheric-chemistry, atmospheric-radiation, earth-science
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Advanced Radiation Protection (ARP): Advanced Radiation Protection Project

&lt;p&gt;The project is building the first prototype integrated system to mitigate solar event risk through probabilistic modeling, forecasting, and dose projection. This new capability will provide mission operators with tools to assist in mission planning and design, assessment of &amp;lsquo;worst-case&amp;rsquo; radiation dose, prediction of event occurrence, and projection of cumulative radiation dose once an event has begun.&amp;nbsp; Tools are being built utilizing historical satellite data spanning four decades, satellite imagery of the Sun, and large-scale first-principles simulations of the inner heliospheric environment.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: active, arp, langley-research-center, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Thematic Mapper (TM) Mosaics (1984-1997)

Mosaic data products, which are also available for Tri-Decadal Global Landsat Orthorectified TM and ETM+ Pan-sharpened data, and may be searched and downloaded through EarthExplorer.

Ground control points are fixed, and images have been registered to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) map projection and coordinate system and the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) datum. All image bands have been individually resampled, using a nearest neighbor algorithm. Positional accuracy on the final image product has a Root Mean Square Error of better than 100 meters (MSS) and 50 meters (TM and ETM+). The Landsat data were acquired and processed through a National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) contract with Earth Satellite Corporation, Rockville, Maryland, and are part of NASA's Scientific Data Purchase program.

When possible, data were collected when vegetation was at peak greenness. Peak greenness was determined from global 1-kilometer Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. When peak greenness data were not available, images from other times of the year were substituted.

Tags: earth-science, land-surface, surface-radiative-properties, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SENTINEL-1B_SINGLE_POL_GRD_HIGH_RES

Sentinel-1B Single-pol ground projected high and full resolution images

Tags: agriculture, biosphere, coastal-processes, cryosphere, earth-science, erosion-sedimentation, forest-science, frozen-ground, geomorphic-landforms-processes, glaciers-ice-sheets, land-surface, land-use-land-cover, landscape, ocean-waves, ocean-winds, oceans, sea-ice, snow-ice, solid-earth, surface-water, tectonics, terrestrial-ecosystems, terrestrial-hydrosphere, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
High Mountain Asia COAWST Hourly 4km Regional Climate Model Simulations V001

This data product contains either hourly accumulated or hourly snapshots of modeled data in the High Mountain Asia region, generated by the Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Waves-Sediment Transport (COAWST) modeling system (operated as a regional climate model). These modeled data span 15 years and have been used by the NASA High Mountain Asia Team (HiMAT) to research water resource use.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-radiation, atmospheric-water-vapor, atmospheric-winds, cryosphere, earth-science, precipitation, snow-ice
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SatCORPS CERES GEO Edition 4 Meteosat-9 Southern Hemisphere Version 1.0

CER_GEO_Ed4_MET09_SH_V01 is the Satellite Cloud and Radiation Property retrieval System (SatCORPS) Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Geostationary Satellite (GEO) Edition 4 Meteosat-9 over the Southern Hemisphere (SH) Version 1.0 data product. Data was collected using the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) Instrument on the Meteosat-9 platform. Data collection for this product is complete.

This data set comprises cloud micro-physical and radiation properties derived hourly from Meteosat-9 geostationary satellite imager data using the Langley Research Center (LARC) SATCORPS algorithms supporting the CERES project. Each active geostationary satellite's cloud micro-physical and radiation properties are merged to create hourly global cloud properties that estimate fluxes between CERES instrument measurements to account for the changing diurnal cycle. The data set is arranged as files for each hour and in netCDF-4 format. The observations are at 3 km resolution (at nadir) and are sub-sampled to 9 km.

CERES is a key Earth Observing System (EOS) program component. The CERES instruments provide radiometric measurements of the Earth's atmosphere from three broadband channels. The CERES missions follow the successful Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) mission. The first CERES instrument, the protoflight model (PFM), was launched on November 27, 1997, as part of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Two CERES instruments (FM1 and FM2) were launched into polar orbit on board the Earth Observing System (EOS) flagship Terra on December 18, 1999. Two additional CERES instruments (FM3 and FM4) were launched on board Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua on May 4, 2002. The CERES FM5 instrument was launched on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite on October 28, 2011. The newest CERES instrument (FM6) was launched on board the Joint Polar-Orbiting Satellite System 1 (JPSS-1) satellite, now called NOAA-20, on November 18, 2017.

Tags: atmosphere, clouds, earth-science
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Landsat 7 ETM+ SLC-off (2003-present)

The USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center archive holds data collected by the Landsat suite of satellites, beginning with Landsat 1 in 1972. All Landsat data held in the USGS EROS archive are available for download at no charge.

Tags: earth-science, land-surface, surface-radiative-properties, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NEW RSW & Wall Medium Fully Tetrahedral Grid

New Medium Fully Tetrahedral RSW Grid with viscous wind tunnel wall at the root.  This grid is for a node-based unstructured solver.

Medium Tet:
Quad Surface Faces=         0
Tria Surface Faces=    253816
Nodes             =   8114050
Total Elements    =  48230386
Hex Elements      =         0
Pent_5 Elements   =         0
Pent_6 Elements   =         0
Tet Elements      =  48230386
BL Tet Elements   =  39714124

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TRMM Ground Validation Radar Site Rain Rate Map L2 1 hour 2 km V7 (TRMM_2A53) at GES DISC

'Radar Site Rain Map', is an instantaneous surface rain rate map in Cartesian coordinates with a 2 km horizontal resolution. At single radar sites, the map covers an area of 300km x 300km. For the multiple radar site in Texas, the map covers a region of 724 km x 568 km, and in Florida 512 km x 704 km. 

A key component of the TRMM project is the Ground Validation (GV) effort which consists of collecting data from ground-based radar, rain gauges and disdrometers. The data is quality-controlled, and then validation products are produced for comparison with TRMM satellite products.

The four primary GV sites are:

+ Darwin, Australia; 
+ Houston, Texas; 
+ Kwajalein, Republic of the Marshall Islands;
+ Melbourne, Florida. 

A significant effort is also being supported at NASA Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) and vicinity to provide high quality, long-term measurements of rain rates (via a network of rain gauges collocated with National Weather Service gauges), as well as drop size distributions (DSD) using a variety of instruments, including impact-type Joss Waldvogel, laser-optical Parsivel, as well as two-dimensional video disdrometers.  DSD measurements are also being collected at Melbourne and Kwajalein using Joss-Waldvogel disdrometers.

Tags: atmosphere, earth-science, precipitation, radar, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Venus: 1:10 million-scale Altimetry Quadrangles: Sedna

This set of maps diplays altimetric radar images of Venus approved by the International Astronomical Union (IAU).

Tags: altimetry, imagery, images, planets, quadrangles, radar, usgs, venus, working-group-for-planetary-system-nomenclature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Evaluating the Impact of Unrestricted Operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems in the National Airspace System

Unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) can be used for scientific, emergency management, and defense missions, among others. The existing federal air regulations, procedures, and technologies do not allow routine UAS access to the National Airspace System (NAS), with the UAS being flown primarily within restricted airspaces. The current Certificate of Waiver of Authorization (COA) process requirement for UAS operations in the NAS are extremely resource intensive, lengthy, and often lacks the flexibility to meet the full mission needs. As the number of UAS operations increases, new methodologies will be needed to enable their safe and routine access to both restricted and unrestricted airspace in the NAS. This paper focuses on gaining a better understanding of growth of NAS usage in near-term NAS UAS demand in that airspace, and an assessment of the impact of unrestricted UAS deployment in the NAS that may facilitate the development of enabling methodologies. Using software simulations for demand growth generation and NAS operations the impact of UAS integration into the NextGen NAS is simulated to analyze its impact on the delay, congestion, loss of separation conflicts, fuel burn, and noise level. Our analyses show that while there is a slight increase in these factors due to additional UAS flight, this increase is minimal compared to the levels caused by the increase of commercial traffic alone.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VIIRS/NPP Ice Surface Temperature Daily L3 Global 750m EASE-Grid 2.0 Night V002

This data set reports sea ice surface temperature (IST) derived from radiance data acquired by the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Following the approach used by MODIS, the algorithm converts VIIRS calibrated radiances into brightness temperature and computes IST using a split-window technique.

VIIRS flies on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite.

Tags: cryosphere, earth-science, sea-ice
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration