AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ROSAT PSPC Catalog of Clusters of Galaxies

This is a catalog of 203 clusters of galaxies serendipitously detected in 647 ROSAT PSPC high Galactic latitude pointings covering 158 square degrees. This is one of the largest X-ray-selected cluster samples, comparable in size only to the ROSAT All-Sky Survey sample of nearby clusters (Ebeling et al. 1997). Clusters in the inner 17.&#39;5 of the ROSAT PSPC field of view are detected using the spatial extent of their X-ray emission. Fluxes of detected clusters range from 1.6 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; to 8 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-12&lt;/sup&gt; ergs s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; cm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; in the 0.5-2 keV energy band. X-ray luminosities range from 10&lt;sup&gt;42&lt;/sup&gt; ergs s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, corresponding to very poor groups, to ~5 x 10&lt;sup&gt;44&lt;/sup&gt; ergs s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, corresponding to rich clusters. The cluster redshifts range from z = 0.015 to z &gt; 0.5. The catalog lists X-ray fluxes, core radii, and spectroscopic redshifts for 73 clusters and photometric redshifts for the remainder. Of 223 X-ray sources, 203 have been optically confirmed as clusters of galaxies. Of the remaining 20 sources, 19 are likely false detections arising from blends of unresolved point X-ray sources. Optical identifications of the remaining object are hampered by a nearby bright star. Above a flux of 2 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-13&lt;/sup&gt; ergs s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; cm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;, 98% of extended X-ray sources are optically confirmed clusters. The number of false detections and their flux distribution are in perfect agreement with simulations. The log N-log S relation for clusters derived from this catalog shows excellent agreement with counts of bright clusters derived from the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey and the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. At fainter fluxes, its log N-log S relation agrees with the smaller area WARPS survey. The cluster counts appear to be systematically higher than those from a 50 square degree survey by Rosati et al. This database was created by the HEASARC in December 2001 based on the CDS/ADC catalog J/ApJ/502/558/ (table3.dat). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P RSI 1/2/3 COMET ESCORT 2 0700 V1.0

This is a Rosetta Radio Science data set, collected during the COMET ESCORT 2 phase 2015-03-11 to 2015-06-30. It is a Global Gravity measurement at the comet 67P and covers the time 2015-04-09T21:29:55.000 to 2015-04-10T06:04:07.500.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Transcriptomic Effects on the Mouse Heart Following 30 Days on the International Space Station.

Efforts to understand the impact of spaceflight on the human body stem from growing interest in long-term space travel. Multiple organ systems are affected by microgravity and radiation, including the cardiovascular system. Previous transcriptomic studies have sought to reveal the changes in gene expression after spaceflight. However, little is known about the impact of long-term spaceflight on the mouse heart in vivo. This study focuses on the transcriptomic changes in the hearts of female C57BL/6J mice flown on the International Space Station (ISS) for 30 days. RNA was isolated from the hearts of three flight and three comparable ground control mice and RNA sequencing was performed. Our analyses showed that 1147 transcripts were significantly regulated after spaceflight. The MAPK, PI3K-Akt, and GPCR signaling pathways were predicted to be activated. Transcripts related to cytoskeleton breakdown and organization were upregulated, but no significant change in the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components or oxidative stress pathway-associated transcripts occurred. Our results indicate an absence of cellular senescence, and a significant upregulation of transcripts associated with the cell cycle. Transcripts related to cellular maintenance and survival were most affected by spaceflight, suggesting that cardiovascular transcriptome initiates an adaptive response to long-term spaceflight.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Influence of gonadectomy on muscle health in micro- and partial-gravity environments in rats (Grip; force transducer)

Gonadal hormones, such as testosterone and estradiol, modulate muscle size and strength in males and females. However, the influence of sex hormones on muscle strength in micro- and partial-gravity environments (e.g., the Moon or Mars) is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of gonadectomy (castration/ovariectomy) on progression of muscle atrophy in both micro- and partial-gravity environments in male and female rats. Male and female Fischer rats (n equals 120) underwent castration/ovariectomy (CAST/OVX) or sham surgery (SHAM) at 11 weeks of age. After 2 weeks of recovery, rats were exposed to hindlimb unloading (0g), partial weight bearing at 40% of normal loading (0.4g, Martian gravity), or normal loading (1.0g) for 28 days. In males, CAST did not exacerbate body weight loss or other metrics of musculoskeletal health. In females, OVX animals tended to have greater body weight loss and greater gastrocnemius loss. Within 7 days of exposure to either microgravity or partial gravity, females had detectable changes to estrous cycle, with greater time spent in low-estradiol phases diestrus and metestrus (∼47% in 1g vs. 58% in 0g and 72% in 0.4g animals, P equals 0.005). We conclude that in males testosterone deficiency at the initiation of unloading has little effect on the trajectory of muscle loss. In females, initial low estradiol status may result in greater musculoskeletal losses. This study derives results from Grip (Force Transducer).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ACEPOL Airborne Hyper Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) Remotely Sensed Data Version 1

ACEPOL Airborne Hyper Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) Remotely Sensed Data (ACEPOL_AircraftRemoteSensing_AirHARP_Data) are remotely sensed measurements collected by the Airborne Hyper Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP) onboard the ER-2 during ACEPOL. In order to improve our understanding of the effect of aerosols on climate and air quality, measurements of aerosol chemical composition, size distribution, height profile, and optical properties are of crucial importance. In terms of remotely sensed instrumentation, the most extensive set of aerosol properties can be obtained by combining passive multi-angle, multi-spectral measurements of intensity and polarization with active measurements performed by a High Spectral Resolution Lidar. During Fall 2017, the Aerosol Characterization from Polarimeter and Lidar (ACEPOL) campaign, jointly sponsored by NASA and the Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), performed aerosol and cloud measurements over the United States from the NASA high altitude ER-2 aircraft. Six instruments were deployed on the aircraft. Four of these instruments were multi-angle polarimeters: the Airborne Hyper Angular Rainbow Polarimeter (AirHARP), the Airborne Multiangle SpectroPolarimetric Imager (AirMSPI), the Airborne Spectrometer for Planetary Exploration (SPEX Airborne) and the Research Scanning Polarimeter (RSP). The other two instruments were lidars: the High Spectral Resolution Lidar 2 (HSRL-2) and the Cloud Physics Lidar (CPL). The ACEPOL operation was based at NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Palmdale California, which enabled observations of a wide variety of scene types, including urban, desert, forest, coastal ocean and agricultural areas, with clear, cloudy, polluted and pristine atmospheric conditions. The primary goal of ACEPOL was to assess the capabilities of the different polarimeters for retrieval of aerosol and cloud microphysical and optical parameters, as well as their capabilities to derive aerosol layer height (near-UV polarimetry, O2 A-band). ACEPOL also focused on the development and evaluation of aerosol retrieval algorithms that combine data from both active (lidar) and passive (polarimeter) instruments. ACEPOL data are appropriate for algorithm development and testing, instrument intercomparison, and investigations of active and passive instrument data fusion, which is a valuable resource for remote sensing communities as they prepare for the next generation of spaceborne MAP and lidar missions.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-droplet-distribution, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-particle-size-distribution
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Chandra Serendipitous Extragalactic X-Ray Source ID (SEXSI)/Spitzer AGN Catalog

The authors compare the relative merits of active galactic nuclei (AGN) selection at X-ray and mid-infrared wavelengths using data from moderately deep fields observed by both Chandra and Spitzer. The X-ray-selected AGN sample and associated photometric and spectroscopic optical follow-up are drawn from a subset of fields studied as part of the Serendipitous Extragalactic X-ray Source Identification (SEXSI) program. Mid-infrared data in these fields are derived from targeted and archival Spitzer imaging, and mid-infrared AGN selection is accomplished primarily through application of the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) color-color AGN &quot;wedge&quot; selection technique. Nearly all X-ray sources in these fields which exhibit clear spectroscopic signatures of AGN activity have mid-infrared colors consistent with IRAC AGN selection. These are predominantly the most luminous X-ray sources. X-ray sources that lack high-ionization and/or broad lines in their optical spectra are far less likely to be selected as AGNs by mid-infrared color selection techniques. The fraction of X-ray sources identified as AGN in the mid-infrared increases monotonically as the X-ray luminosity increases. Conversely, only 22% of mid-infrared-selected AGN are detected at X-ray energies in the moderately deep (t_exp_n~ 100 ks) SEXSI Chandra data. The authors have expanded the multi-wavelength data available for six SEXSI fields by obtaining Spitzer imaging observations. All six fields have deep Chandra X-ray images, optical imaging, and extensive, deep optical spectroscopy -- all of which has been published in Harrison et al. (2003, ApJ, 596, 944), Eckart et al. (2005, ApJS, 156, 35), and Eckart et al. (2006, ApJS, 165, 19). The authors obtained mid-infrared imaging through both archival and targeted Spitzer programs which include imaging at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 micron (&micro;m) from IRAC (PID 00017, 00064, 20694 and 20808), and imaging at 24 um from MIPS (PID 20808 and 00083). This table contains mid-IR photometric data for 290 hard X-ray-selected SEXSI sources. Each of the four IRAC catalogs as well as the MIPS catalog was individually matched to the SEXSI X-ray source positions using a 2.5 arcseconds search radius. To calculate a false match rate, the authors shifted the X-ray source catalog by 1&#39; and matched to the IRAC and MIPS catalogs; this entire procedure was repeated 6 times using different 1&#39; shifts. The resulting false match rates were 10.1% (3.6 um), 7.2% (4.5 um), 3.7% (5.8 um), 2.6% (8.0 um), 1% (24 um), and &lt;1% for four-band-detected IRAC sources. This table was created by the HEASARC in Match 2012 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJ/708/584"&gt;CDS Catalog J/ApJ/708/584&lt;/a&gt; file table2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VLA Coma Cluster of Galaxies 1.4-GHz Source Catalog

This table contains results from deep 1.4-GHz Very Large Array (VLA) radio continuum observations of two ~0.5 deg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; fields in the Coma cluster of galaxies. The two fields, &quot;Coma 1&quot; and &quot;Coma 3&quot;, correspond to the cluster core and the southwest infall region, and were selected on account of abundant pre-existing multiwavelength data. In their most sensitive regions, the radio data reach 0.022 mJy (22 &micro;Jy) rms per 4.4&quot; beam, sufficient to detect (at 5-sigma) Coma member galaxies with L&lt;sub&gt;1.4GHz&lt;/sub&gt; = 1.3 x 10&lt;sup&gt;20&lt;/sup&gt; W Hz&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; (1.3 x 10&lt;sup&gt;27&lt;/sup&gt; erg s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; Hz&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). The full catalog of radio detections at and above a 4.5-sigma significance threshold is presented herein; there are 1030 of these sources which are detected at &gt;= 5 sigma, 628 of which are within the combined Coma 1 and Coma 3 area. The authors also provide optical identifications of the radio sources using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The depth of the radio observations allows them to detect active galactic nuclei in cluster elliptical galaxies with M&lt;sub&gt;r&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; -20.5 (AB magnitudes), including radio detections for all cluster ellipticals with M&lt;sub&gt;r&lt;/sub&gt; &lt; -21.8. At fainter optical magnitudes (-20.5 &lt; M&lt;sub&gt;r&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;~ -19), the radio sources are associated with star-forming galaxies with star formation rates as low as 0.1M_{sun}_ yr&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The VLA observations were performed over five days in 2006 June as program code AM868. On each of the five days, the scheduled time was centered on the transit of Coma. This table was created by the HEASARC in December 2011 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/AJ/137/4436"&gt;CDS catalog J/AJ/137/4436&lt;/a&gt; files table2.dat (&#39;The Radio Source Catalog&#39;) and table3.dat (&#39;Optical Counterparts to the Radio Sources&#39;). It does not include table4.dat (&#39;Rejected Optical Counterparts to the Radio Sources&#39;). This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GO EARTH EPD EDITED SAMPLE PITCH ANGLE DISTRIBUTIONS V1.0

This data set contains sixteen sector rate data for the         energetic particle detector obtained from the LEMMS and         CMS telescopes during the time of significant activity         during the Earth encounter on day 343, 1992. A data file         record contains a single sector's data for a particular         LEMMS or CMS channel.  Also included are pitch and phase         angles of the particles counted by the detectors.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Simulated Galactic Cosmic Ray Exposure Activates Dose-Dependent DNA Repair Response and Downregulates Glucosinolate Pathway in Arabidopsis Seedlings

This study's objective was to develop an understanding of the biological effects of space radiation on plants with the goal of producing fresh food during long duration space missions to support astronauts' nutritional and psychological needs.10-day-old Arabidopsis seedlings were exposed to simulated Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCR) and assessed for transcriptomic changes. The simulated GCR irradiation was carried out in the NASA Space Radiation Laboratory (NSRL) at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL). The exposures were conducted acutely for two dose points at 40 cGy or 80 cGy, with sequential delivery of proton, helium, oxygen, silicon, and iron ions. Control and irradiated seedlings were then harvested and stabilized in RNAlater at 3 hrs. post irradiation. Total RNA was isolated for transcriptomic analyses using RNAseq. The data revealed that the transcriptomic responses were dose-dependent, with significant upregulation of DNA repair pathways and downregulation of glucosinolate biosynthetic pathways. Glucosinolates are important for plant pathogen defense and for the taste of a plant, which are both relevant to growing plants for spaceflight. These findings fill in knowledge gaps of how plants respond to radiation in beyond-Earth environments.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LRO DLRE LEVEL 2 EDR V1.0

This data set consists of the Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment uncalibrated observations, also known as EDRs. The DLRE is a surface pushbroom mapper that  measures emitted thermal radiation and reflected solar radiation  from the surface of the moon. Two Diviner solar channels measure 0.3-3 micrometers reflected solar radiation. Three Diviner channels near 8 micrometers classify regolith mineralogy by mapping the location of the Christiansen feature. The remaining four Diviner channels measure surface temperature in four spectral bands ranging from 12.5 micrometers to beyond 200 micrometers.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spaceflight-Induced Gene Expression Profiles in the Mouse Brain Are Attenuated by Treatment with the Antioxidant BuOE - Dentate Gyrus

The demands of deep space pose a health risk to the central nervous system that has long been a concern when sending humans to space. While little is known about how spaceflight affects transcription spatially in the brain, a greater understanding of this process has the potential to aid strategies that mitigate the effects of spaceflight on the brain. Therefore, we performed GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiling of mouse brains subjected to either spaceflight or grounded controls. Four brain regions were selected: Cortex, Frontal Cortex, Corunu Ammonis I, and Dentate Gyrus. Antioxidants have emerged as a potential means of attenuating the effects of spaceflight, so we treated a subset of the mice with a superoxide dismutase mimic, MnTnBuOE-2-PyP 5+ (BuOE). Our analysis revealed hundreds of differentially expressed genes due to spaceflight in each of the four brain regions. Both common and region-specific transcriptomic responses were observed. Metabolic pathways and pathways sensitive to oxidative stress were enriched in the four brain regions due to spaceflight. These findings enhance our understanding of brain regional variation in susceptibility to spaceflight conditions. BuOE reduced the transcriptomic effects of spaceflight at a large number of genes, suggesting that this compound may attenuate oxidative stress-induced brain damage caused by the spaceflight environment. This study contains data of dentate gyrus region. The data of other brain regions are deposited in OSD-682 (cornu ammonis 1), OSD-698 (frontal cortex), and OSD-699 (cerebral cortex).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P RPCLAP 3PRL CALIB2 V1.0

This data set containsCALIBRATED data from Rosetta RPC-LAP, acquired during the PRELANDINGmission phase where the primary target was the comet67P/CHURYUMOV-GERASIMENKO 1 (1969 R1). It contains instrument outputs involts and amperes, calibrated and corrected for instrument offsets. Thisversion reorganizes the data into fewer files with longer time seriesand sorted by type of measurement. The version number starts over fromV1.0 due to a change in naming convention.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey ELAIS-N1 3.6 micron Catalog

The "Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey" (SERVS) Exploration Science program conducted deep IRAC 3.6 and 4.5 micron observations of five extragalactic fields (ELAIS-N1, Lockman Hole, XMM, ELAIS-S1, and CDFS).\n\nObjects in the single band catalogs are not required to have any counterparts in the other band. They are cut at CSNR > 5 and also have the low coverage areas at the edges of the survey omitted (POLY=1), resulting in a single-band reliability flag REL=1. They are thus deeper than the 2-band high reliability catalogs. These should be used if you are matching with a reliable catalog from another band (e.g. near-infrared), and simply want as many matches as possible, or are doing a statistical study.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sloan Digital Sky Survey Unusual Quasars Catalog

Large spectroscopic surveys have discovered very peculiar and hitherto unknown types of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Such rare objects may hold clues to the accretion history of the supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies. The authors aim to create a sizeable sample of unusual quasars from the unprecedented spectroscopic database of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This table contains a catalog of 1005 quasars with unusual spectra in the redshift interval from 0.6 to 4.3. [HEASARC Note: the redshifts in this table actually range from 0.497 to 4.771]. The quasars were selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (Abazajian et al., 2009, ApJS, 182, 543) by means of Kohonen self-organising maps. The spectra are dominated by either broad absorption lines (42%), unusual red continua (27%), weak emission lines (18%), or conspicuously strong optical and/or UV iron emission (11%). This large sample provides a useful resource for both studying properties and relations of/between different types of unusual quasars and selecting particularly interesting objects, even though the compilation is not aimed at completeness in a quantifiable sense. The spectra are grouped into seven types. The catalogue contains the redshift, the absolute magnitude, the spectral type, the radio loudness parameter, a peculiarity index, and some comments on peculiar spectral features. This table was created by the HEASARC in May 2012 based on CDS table J/A+A/541/A77 file table3.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Drosophila parasitoids go to space: Unexpected and differential effects of spaceflight on hosts and their parasitoids - Wasp Leptopilina heterotoma 14 data

In this study, fruit flies and their parasitic wasps were sent to the ISS to examine changes in host immunity and parasite virulence. Key findings from this work are as follows: (a) Spaceflight spiked the expression of inflammation genes in fruit flies; (b) Spaceflight enhanced tumor growth in flies already suffering from chronic inflammation; (c) Spaceflight did not significantly affect parasitic wasp development, emergence, or the expression of virulence genes; (d) Parasite mutants with visible wing color and shape alterations were obtained. This study contains Leptopilina heterotoma14 data. The drosophila data is deposited in OSD-588, https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/studies/OSD-588, and the Leptopilina boulardi17 data is deposited in OSD-610, https://osdr.nasa.gov/bio/repo/data/studies/OSD-610.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSETTA-ORBITER 67P RSI 1/2/3 COMET ESCORT 2 0678 V1.0

This is a Rosetta Radio Science data set, collected during the COMET ESCORT 2 phase 2015-03-11 to 2015-06-30. It is a Global Gravity measurement at the comet 67P and covers the time 2015-03-28T15:53:05.000 to 2015-03-28T19:00:13.000.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration