AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric directional mutation pressures in bacteria

When there are no strand-specific biases in mutation and selection rates between the two strands of DNA, the average nucleotide composition is theoretically expected to be A = T and G = C within each strand. By focusing on weakly selected regions that could be oriented with respect to replication in 43 out of 51 completely sequenced bacterial chromosomes, asymmetric directional mutation pressures have been detected.

Tags: bacterial-genomes, dna-replication, mutation-pressure, nih, nucleotide-composition
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Kentucky (KY)

This report presents estimates for measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided for Kentucky for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: kentucky, mental-health, nsduh, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparison of NSDUH Health and Health Care Utilization Estimates to Other National Data Sources

This report compares specific health conditions, overall health, and health care utilization prevalence estimates from the 2006 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and other national data sources. Methodological differences among these data sources that may contribute to differences in estimates are described. In addition to NSDUH, three of the data sources use respondent self-reports to measure health characteristics and service utilization: the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). One survey, the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), conducts initial interviews in respondents\' homes, collecting further data at nearby locations. Five data sources provide health care utilization data extracted from hospital records; these sources include the National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS), the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS), the National Health and Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), and the Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN). Several methodological differences that could cause differences in estimates are discussed, including type and mode of data collection; weighting and representativeness of the sample; question placement, wording, and format; and use of proxy reporting for adolescents.

Tags: health-care-utilization, health-condition-prevalence, national-health-survey, samhsa, self-reported-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Missouri

This is the 2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Missouri. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, mental-health-services, missouri, outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Incomplete evidence: the inadequacy of databases in tracing published adverse drug reactions in clinical trials

Background
          We would expect information on adverse drug reactions in randomised clinical trials to be easily retrievable from specific searches of electronic databases. However, complete retrieval of such information may not be straightforward, for two reasons. First, not all clinical drug trials provide data on the frequency of adverse effects. Secondly, not all electronic records of trials include terms in the abstract or indexing fields that enable us to select those with adverse effects data. We have determined how often automated search methods, using indexing terms and/or textwords in the title or abstract, would fail to retrieve trials with adverse effects data.
        
        
          Methods
          We used a sample set of 107 trials known to report frequencies of adverse drug effects, and measured the proportion that (i) were not assigned the appropriate adverse effects indexing terms in the electronic databases, and (ii) did not contain identifiable adverse effects textwords in the title or abstract.
        
        
          Results
          Of the 81 trials with records on both MEDLINE and EMBASE, 25 were not indexed for adverse effects in either database. Twenty-six trials were indexed in one database but not the other. Only 66 of the 107 trials reporting adverse effects data mentioned this in the abstract or title of the paper. Simultaneous use of textword and indexing terms retrieved only 82/107 (77%) papers.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Specific search strategies based on adverse effects textwords and indexing terms will fail to identify nearly a quarter of trials that report on the rate of drug adverse effects.

Tags: adverse-drug-reactions, clinical-trials, database-search, drug-safety, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Pacing in congestive heart failure

Despite the major advances in medical drug therapy, heart failure remains a syndrome associated with high mortality and morbidity. Biventricular or left ventricular (LV) short atrioventricular (AV) delay pacing is being tested in congestive heart failure patients with left bundle branch block. The aim is to resynchronise the dyscoordinate LV contraction. A number of studies are underway, but it is clear that while some patients respond remarkably, this is highly variable. Accurate identification of patients likely to benefit will be crucial. The mechanism of benefit is unclear. A greater understanding of the physiological consequences of pacing will be necessary to accurately identify these patients.

Tags: biventricular-pacing, cardiac-pacing, heart-failure, left-bundle-branch-block, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Virginia 2016 Potential Areas for Addressing Service Gaps for Opioid Treatment

The purpose of the medication-assisted treatment (MAT) facility maps is to identify areas on a state-by-state basis that may be potentially underserved by existing treatment facilities. The maps are created with a methodology that seeks to include the highest potential need areas from individual counties so that county-level stakeholders are also informed. The maps are meant to be used as a tool for policy makers to determine potentially underserved areas—not as a definitive representation of these areas.

Tags: mat-access, opioid-treatment, samhsa, service-gap-analysis, virginia-opioids
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
TEDS Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions by Primary Substance of Abuse, According to Sex, Age Group, Race, and Ethnicity Tables 2013

This a Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) data table displaying substance abuse treatment admissions by primary substance abuse, according to sex, age group, race, and ethnicity. The Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) is a national data system of annual admissions to substance abuse treatment facilities. TEDS received treatment admission records from 46 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico in 2013.

Tags: samhsa, substance-abuse, substance-use-disorder, teds-data, treatment-admissions
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Design and performance of a multi-centre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of joint tele-consultations [ISRCTN54264250]

Background
          Appropriate information flow is crucial to the care of patients, particularly at the interface between primary and secondary care. Communication problems can result from inadequate organisation and training, There is a major expectation that information and communication technologies may offer solutions, but little reliable evidence. This paper reports the design and performance of a multi-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT), unparalleled in telemedicine research in either scale or range of outcomes. The study investigated the effectiveness and cost implications in rural and inner-city settings of using videoconferencing to perform joint tele-consultations as an alternative to general practitioner referral to the hospital specialist in the outpatient clinic.
        
        
          Methods
          Joint tele-consultation services were established in both the Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust in inner London, and the Royal Shrewsbury Hospitals Trust, in Shropshire. All the patients who gave consent to participate were randomised either to joint tele-consultation or to a routine outpatients appointment. The principal outcome measures included the frequency of decision by the specialist to offer a follow-up outpatient appointment, patient satisfaction (Ware Specific Questionnaire), wellbeing (SF12) and enablement (PEI), numbers of tests, investigations, procedures and treatments.
        
        
          Results
          A total of 134 general practitioners operating from 29 practices participated in the trial, referring a total of 3170 patients to 20 specialists in ENT medicine, general medicine (including endocrinology, and rheumatology), gastroenterology, orthopaedics, neurology and urology. Of these, 2094 patients consented to participate in the study and were correctly randomised. There was a 91% response rate to the initial assessment questionnaires, and analysis showed equivalence for all key characteristics between the treatment and control groups.
        
        
          Conclusion
          We have designed and performed a major multi-centre trial of teleconsultations in two contrasting centres. Many problems were overcome to enable the trial to be carried out, with a considerable development and learning phase. A lengthier development phase might have enabled us to improve the patient selection criteria, but there is a window of opportunity for these developments, and we believe that our approach was appropriate, allowing the evaluation of the technology before its widespread implementation.

Tags: joint-consultations, nih, randomized-controlled-trial, rural-health, telemedicine
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables Alabama

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Alabama for 2013. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program.  State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: alabama-mental-health, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Publications Using SAMHSA DataState and Substate Estimates of Serious Mental Illness from the 2012–2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health

This report provides state and substate estimates of serious mental illness among adults aged 18 or older using combined 2012-2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. Estimates are provided for the nation as a whole and for each state and substate areas. Comparisons are made to estimates from 2010–2012.

Tags: adult-mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, serious-mental-illness, state-level-estimates
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Palau

This is the 2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Palau. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, palau-mental-health, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Debate: The potential role of estrogen in the prevention of heart disease in women after menopause

The observational studies of hormone users are compromised by systematic biases that lead to an overestimation of benefit and an underestimation of risk. Studies of mechanism could support either benefit or harm. The results of clinical trials of oral hormone therapy in women with existing coronary heart disease (CHD) have been uniformly disappointing. The largest trial found an early increased risk for CHD and for venous thromboembolism. Postmenopausal hormone therapy should not be considered for CHD prevention until methods for excluding high-risk women have been established, and until the results of the long-term trials have shown benefit. There is a need for clinical trials of nonoral estrogens.

Tags: coronary-heart-disease, estrogen-therapy, hormone-replacement-therapy, nih, postmenopausal-women
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2023 National Substance Use and Mental Health Services Survey (N-SUMHSS) Detailed Tables

The Annual Detailed Tables present in-depth findings on location, characteristics, and utilization of substance use and mental health services as collected by the National Substance Use and Mental Health Survey (N-SUMHSS). The data presented are intended to provide behavioral health services providers; researchers; and federal, state, and local governments with information about the number and characteristics of public and private substance use and mental health treatment facilities nationwide.

Tags: behavioral-health-facilities, mental-health-services, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, treatment-facility-characteristics
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Antenatal screening and its possible meaning from unborn baby's perspective

In recent decades antenatal screening has become one of the most routine procedure of pregnancy-follow up and the subject of hot debate in bioethics circles. In this paper the rationale behind doing antenatal screening and the actual and potential problems that it may cause will be discussed. The paper will examine the issue from the point of wiew of parents, health care professionals and, most importantly, the child-to-be. It will show how unthoughtfully antenatal screening is performed and how pregnancy is treated almost as a disease just since the emergence of antenatal screening. Genetic screening and ethical problems caused by the procedure will also be addressed and I will suggest that screening is more to do with the interests of others rather than those of the child-to be.

Tags: antenatal-screening, bioethics, genetic-screening, nih, prenatal-diagnosis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Past Year Mental Disorders among Adults in the United States: Results from the 2008-2012 Mental Health Surveillance Study

This report presents estimates of the numbers and percentages of adults aged 18 or older with past 12-month mental disorders, as assessed by the Mental Health Surveillance Study (MHSS) clinical study, a subset to the 2008 to 2012 National Survey of Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The assessment included a modified version of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). The assessed disorders included mood disorders; anxiety disorders, including obsessive compulsive disorder [OCD], and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]; substance use disorders; eating disorders; other disorders; and a screener for psychotic symptoms. Results are presented by gender, age group, race/ethnicity, family income, education, county type, poverty level, employment, marital status, Census region, and health insurance coverage.

Tags: adult-mental-health, dsm-iv-disorders, mental-health-survey, samhsa, scid-i-assessment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Tennessee

These are the 2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Tennessee. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-data, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, tennessee-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Pro/con clinical debate: The use of a protected specimen brush in the diagnosis of ventilator associated pneumonia

Although mechanical ventilation is instituted as a life-saving technique, it may lead to complications that can negatively impact on patients' morbidity and/or mortality. Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) is one such complication that is a common challenge to intensivists. Although most experts would agree that early 'appropriate' antibiotic use is essential in patients who develop VAP, the best diagnostic test to guide decision-making is far from clear. One diagnostic test that is capable of providing microbiological samples from the lower respiratory tree is invasive bronchoscopy with a protected specimen brush. Such a procedure has long been available to intensivists and is frequently employed in many intensive care units. However, this procedure has associated costs and potential complications, and its utility in VAP has been challenged. In this issue of Critical Care Forum, the two sides of this debate are brought forward with compelling arguments. The authors' arguments should fuel future trials.

Tags: bronchoalveolar-lavage, nih, protected-specimen-brush, vap-diagnosis, ventilator-associated-pneumonia
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Effects of Cu

Background
          Heavy metals, especially copper, nickel, lead and zinc, have adverse effects on terrestrial and in aquatic environments. However, their impact can vary depending on the nature of organisms. Taking into account the ability of heavy metals to accumulate in sediments, extended knowledge of their effects on aquatic biota is needed. In this context the use of model organisms (often unicellular), which allows for rapid assessment of pollutants in freshwater, can be of advantage. Pentachlorophenol has been extensively used for decades as a bleaching agent by pulp- and paper industry. Pentachlorophenol tends to accumulate in the nature. We aim to determine if photosynthesis and motility can be used as sensitive physiological parameters in toxicological studies of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a motile green unicellular alga. It is discussed if photosynthesis and motility can be used as sensitive physiological parameters in toxicological studies.
        
        
          Results
          The concentrations studied ranged from 0.1 to 2.0 mg l-1 for copper, nickel, lead and zinc, and from 0.1 to 10.0 mg l-1 for pentachlorophenol. Exposure time was set to 24 h. Copper and pentachlorophenol turned out to be especially toxic for photosynthetic efficiency (PE) in C. reinhardtii.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Copper and pentachlorophenol turned out to be especially toxic for PE in C. reinhardtii. Zinc has been concluded to be moderately toxic while nickel and lead had stimulatory effects on the PE. Because of high variance, motility was not considered a reliable physiological parameter when assessing toxicity of the substances using C. reinhardtii.

Tags: algae-bioassay, copper-toxicity, environmental-toxicology, nih, photosynthesis-motility
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on renal
		  vascular resistance: the influence of renal denervation

Objective:
          To non-invasively study the effects of continuous positive airway
				pressure breathing (CPAP) on renal vascular resistance in normal subjects and
				renal allograft recipients, in other words those with with denervated kidneys.
				We could then ascertain the influence of renal innervation on any resulting
				changes in renal haemodynamics.
        
        
          Methods:
          Ten healthy volunteers and six renal transplant patients were
				studied. Using Doppler ultrasonography, the pulsatility index (PI), an index of
				renovascular resistance, was measured at incremental levels of CPAP (0, 2.5,
				5.0 and 7.5 cmH2O).
        
        
          Results:
          In both groups, the PI increased significantly between 0 and
          5.0 cmH2O CPAP, with a further increase at 7.5 cmH2O CPAP.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          We found that CPAP at 5.0 and 7.5 cmH2O caused a
				significant increase in renovascular resistance in both normal and renal
				transplant patients. There was no difference in the degree of rise in
				renovascular resistance between both groups, indicating that the renal nerves
				do not play a role in altering renal vascular resistance with the application
				of CPAP.

Tags: cpap-therapy, doppler-ultrasonography, nih, renal-transplant, renal-vascular-resistance
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Reporting of conflicts of interest in guidelines of preventive and therapeutic interventions

Background
          Guidelines published in major medical journals are very influential in determining clinical practice. It would be essential to evaluate whether conflicts of interests are disclosed in these publications. We evaluated the reporting of conflicts of interest and the factors that may affect such disclosure in a sample of 191 guidelines on therapeutic and/or preventive measures published in 6 major clinical journals (Annals of Internal Medicine, BMJ, JAMA, Lancet, New England Journal of Medicine, Pediatrics) in 1979, 1984, 1989, 1994 and 1999.
        
        
          Results
          Only 7 guidelines (3.7%) mentioned conflicts of interest and all were published in 1999 (17.5% (7/40) of guidelines published in 1999 alone). Reporting of conflicts of interest differed significantly by journal (p=0.026), availability of disclosure policy by the journal (p=0.043), source of funding (p < 0.001) and number of authors (p=0.004). In the entire database of 191 guidelines, a mere 18 authors disclosed a total of 24 potential conflicts of interest and most pertained to minor issues.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Despite some recent improvement, reporting of conflicts of interest in clinical guidelines published in influential journals is largely neglected.

Tags: clinical-guidelines, conflict-of-interest, disclosure-policy, medical-journals, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: New York, 2015

This is a behavioral health report for the state of New York. The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Uniform Reporting System. The topics addressed in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, mental health and treatment, substance use and substance use treatment.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, youth-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services