AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Crime in Boomburb Cities: 1970-2004 [United States]

This study focused on the effect of economic resources and racial/ethnic composition on the change in crime rates from 1970-2004 in United States cities in metropolitan areas that experienced a large growth in population after World War II. A total of 352 cities in the following United States metropolitan areas were selected for this study: Atlanta, Dallas, Denver, Houston, Las Vegas, Miami, Orange County, Orlando, Phoenix, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, Silicon Valley (Santa Clara), and Tampa/St. Petersburg. Selection was based on the fact that these areas developed during a similar time period and followed comparable development trajectories. In particular, these 14 areas, known as the "boomburbs" for their dramatic, post-World War II population growth, all faced issues relating to the rapid growth of tract-style housing and the subsequent development of low density, urban sprawls.
The study combined place-level data obtained from the United States Census with crime data from the Uniform Crime Reports for five categories of Type I crimes: aggravated assaults, robberies, murders, burglaries, and motor vehicle thefts. The dataset contains a total of 247 variables pertaining to crime, economic resources, and race/ethnic composition.

Tags: aggravated-assault, auto-theft, burglary, crime-patterns, crime-rates, economic-conditions, homicide, income-distribution, metropolitan-areas, race, racial-integration, racial-segregation, robbery, trend-analysis, urban-crime, wealth
Organization: Department of Justice
National Survey of Staffing Issues in Large Police Agencies, 2006-2007 [United States]

The primary objective of this study was to formulate evidence-based lessons on recruitment, retention, and managing workforce profiles in large, United States police departments. The research team conducted a national survey of all United States municipal police agencies that had at least 300 sworn officers and were listed in the 2007 National Directory of Law Enforcement Administrators. The survey instrument was developed based on the research team's experience in working with large personnel systems, instruments used in previous police staffing surveys, and discussions with police practitioners. The research team distributed the initial surveys on February 27, 2008. To ensure an acceptable response rate, the principal investigators developed a comprehensive nonresponse protocol, provided ample field time for departments to compile information and respond, and provided significant one-on-one technical assistance to agencies as they completed the survey. In all, the surveys were in the field for 38 weeks. Respondents were asked to consult their agency's records in order to provide information about their agency's experience with recruiting, hiring, and retaining officers for 2006 and 2007. Of the 146 departments contacted, 107 completed the survey. The police recruitment and retention survey data were supplemented with data on each jurisdiction from the American Community Survey conducted by the United States Census Bureau, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports. The dataset contains a total of 535 variables pertaining to recruitment, hiring, union activity, compensation rates, promotion, retirement, and attrition. Many of these variables are available by rank, sex and race.

Tags: employment-practices, hiring-practices, job-requirements, labor-force, personnel-management, personnel-policy, police, police-departments, police-officers, police-records, police-recruits, police-reports, police-training
Organization: Department of Justice
Juvenile Domestic and Family Violence Court Evaluation in Contra Costa, Santa Clara, and San Francisco Counties, California, 1999-2005

This study tested the effectiveness of two court-based intervention programs in California (Santa Clara County, San Francisco County) that addressed juvenile domestic and family violence. The court-based intervention programs included an intake assessment process for domestic and family violence, specialized prosecution and defense, a dedicated docket, intensive supervision, offender programs, and victim services. Probation and court records of juvenile domestic/family violence offenders provided the source of data to compare the intervention programs with a third county that did not have a specialized response (Contra Costa County). The final study group included 303 closed cases (201 cases from Santa Clara County, 40 cases from San Francisco County, and 62 cases from Contra Costa County).

Tags: arrest-records, domestic-violence, family-violence, intervention, juvenile-courts, juvenile-justice, juvenile-offenders, outcome-evaluation, program-evaluation, recidivism, recidivism-rates
Organization: Department of Justice
Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice Under Public Law 280, 2003-2005 [United States]

In 1953, Congress enacted Public Law 280, transferring federal criminal jurisdiction in
Indian country to the state government in six states, allowing other states to join in at a
later date. This study was designed to gain a better
understanding of law enforcement under Public Law 280. Specifically, amid federal concerns about rising crime rates in Indian country and rising
victimization rates among Indians, the National Institute of Justice funded this study to
advance understanding of this law and its impact, from the point of view of tribal
members as well as state and local officials. The research team gathered data from 17 confidential reservation
sites, which were selected to
ensure a range of features such as region and whether the communities were in Public
Law 280 jurisdictions under mandatory, optional, excluded, straggler, or retroceded
status. Confidential
interviews were conducted with a total of 354 reservation residents, law enforcement officials,
and criminal justice personnel.
To assess the quality or effectiveness of law enforcement and criminal justice systems
under Public Law 280, the research team collected quantitative data pertaining to the responsiveness, availability, quality, and sensitivity of law enforcement, and personal knowledge of Public Law 280.

Tags: crime, crime-rates, crime-reporting, criminal-justice-policy, cultural-attitudes, law-enforcement, legislative-impact, native-americans
Organization: Department of Justice
Data-Driven Supervision Protocols for Positive Parole Outcomes in Georgia, 2007-2008

The goal of this study was to identify and evaluate case management and supervision strategies most effective in achieving successful parole outcomes.  As part of an evaluation of 3 new supervision practice protocols on a cohort of parolees, a total of 1,964 parolees who began supervision in Georgia between March 1, 2007, and December 31, 2007, were assigned to experimental and control groups.  Parolees in the experimental group were subjected to the new practice protocols: positive drug test resulting in a referral to treatment, job loss followed by referral to an employment program and increased contact, and chronic technical violations responded to with an administrative hearing and enrollment in a cognitive skills program. In the control sites, the parole officer's response to a parolee's violation or success was still defined by the Board's Behavior Response and Adjustment Guide (BRAG). Each parolee was tracked for a 12-month follow-up period. The research team collected data on the parolees using two Georgia Department of Corrections and Board of Pardons and Paroles agency databases: the Offender Tracking Information System (OTIS) and the Parole Field Log of Interaction Data (FLOID) database. Outcomes during a 12-month follow-up period were defined as employment, general violations of the conditions of supervision, positive drug tests, arrests for technical violations, misdemeanor and felony arrests, and revocation of parole. The dataset includes a total of 218 variables including supervision protocol variables, demographic and other parolee characteristics variables, offense and parole supervision variables, drug test results, employment activity, as well as arrests, violations, sanctions, programs, and referrals information.

Tags: case-management, inmate-release-plans, outcome-evaluation, parole, parole-violation, parolees, sanctions
Organization: Department of Justice
Assessing the Practical and Monetary Efficacy of New Jersey's Megan's Law, 1972-2007

The study investigated New Jersey's Megan's Law and its specific deterrence effect on re-offending, including the level of general and sexual offense recidivism, the nature of sexual re-offenses, and time to first re-arrest for sexual and non-sexual re-offenses (i.e., community tenure). Data were collected on 550 sexual offenders released during the years 1990 to 2000.

Tags: outcome-evaluation, rape, recidivism-rates, sex-offender-profiles, sex-offender-registration, sex-offenders, sexual-abuse, sexual-assault
Organization: Department of Justice
National Survey of Juvenile Justice Professionals, 2005-2007 [United States]

This study involved a survey of juvenile court judges, chief probation officers, prosecutors, and public defenders to measure their impressions of recent policy changes and the critical needs facing today's juvenile justice system. In addition the study garnered recommendations for improving the administration and effectiveness of this system. The study's primary objective was to provide policymakers, administrators, and practitioners with actionable information about how to improve the operations and effectiveness of the juvenile justice system, and to examine the role practitioners could play in constructing sound juvenile justice policy. A total of 534 juvenile court judges, chief probation officers, court administrators, prosecutors, and defense
attorneys in 44 states and the District of Columbia participated in the Assessing the Policy Options (APO) national practitioner survey. The survey consisted of four major sections: demographics, critical needs, policies and practices, and practitioner recommendations. Critical needs facing the juvenile justice system were measured by asking respondents about the policy priority of 13 issues in their respective jurisdictions; topics ranged from staff training and development to effective juvenile defense counsel to information technology. Respondents were also asked to assess the effectiveness of 17 different policies and practices -- ranging from parental accountability laws to transfer and treatment -- in achieving 6 vital juvenile justice outcomes.

Tags: curfew, decision-making, gangs, juvenile-courts, juvenile-crime, juvenile-detention, juvenile-justice, juvenile-offenders, juvenile-recidivists, mental-health-services, needs-assessment, policy-making, restorative-justice, risk-assessment, sex-offenders
Organization: Department of Justice
Assessment of Defense and Prosecutorial Strategies in Terrorism Trials in the United States, 1980-2004

This study created a flat-file database of information regarding defendants who were referred to United States Attorneys by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) following official terrorism investigations between 1980 and 2004.  Its ultimate goal was to provide state and federal prosecutors with empirical information that could assist federal and state prosecutors with more effective strategies for prosecution of terrorism cases.  The results of this study enhanced the existing 78 variables in the AMERICAN TERRORISM STUDY, 1980-2002 (ICPSR 4639) database by adding the 162 variables from the Prosecution and Defense Strategies (PADS) database. The variables in the PADS database track information regarding important pleadings, motions, and other key events that occur in federal terrorism trials; the PADS variables measure the strategies used by legal counsel as well as other legal nuances.

Tags: case-processing, court-cases, courtroom-proceedings, crime-prevention, defense-counsel, defense-law, district-courts, fbi, federal-prisoners, indictments, national-security, prosecuting-attorneys, sentencing, terrorism, terrorist-attacks, terrorist-pros
Organization: Department of Justice
Empirical Investigation of "Going to Scale" in Drug Interventions in the United States, 1990, 2003

Despite a growing consensus among scholars that substance abuse treatment is effective in reducing offending, strict eligibility rules have limited the impact of current models of therapeutic jurisprudence on public safety. This research effort was aimed at providing policy makers some guidance on whether expanding this model to more drug-involved offenders is cost-beneficial.  Since data needed for providing evidence-based analysis of this issue were not readily available, micro-level data from three nationally representative sources were used to construct a 40,320 case synthetic dataset -- defined using population profiles rather than sampled observation -- that was used to estimate the benefits of going to scale in treating drug involved offenders. The principal investigators combined information from the NATIONAL SURVEY ON DRUG USE AND HEALTH, 2003 (ICPSR 4138) and the ARRESTEE DRUG ABUSE MONITORING (ADAM) PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES, 2003 (ICPSR 4020) to estimate the likelihood of drug addiction or dependence problems and develop nationally representative prevalence estimates. They used information in the DRUG ABUSE TREATMENT OUTCOME STUDY (DATOS), 1991-1994 (ICPSR 2258) to compute expected crime reducing benefits of treating various types of drug involved offenders under four different treatment modalities. The project computed expected crime reducing benefits that were conditional on treatment modality as well as arrestee attributes and risk of drug dependence or abuse. Moreover, the principal investigators obtained estimates of crime reducing benefits for all crimes as well as select sub-types.  Variables include age, race, gender, offense, history of violence, history of treatment, co-occurring alcohol problem, criminal justice system status, geographic location, arrest history, and a total of 134 prevalence and treatment effect estimates and variances.

Tags: adam-duf-program, cost-effectiveness, crime-patterns, crime-reduction, criminality-prediction, drug-abuse, drug-courts, drug-dependence, drug-offender-profiles, drug-offenders, drug-related-crimes, drug-treatment, drug-use, simulation-models, substance-ab
Organization: Department of Justice
Characteristics of Arrestees at Risk for Co-Existing Substance Abuse and Mental Disorder in Cleveland, Ohio, 2003

The current study was conducted as a supplemental study to the Cleveland/Cuyahoga County Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring (ADAM) program in the second quarter of 2003 (April-June). A risk screening instrument was implemented to classify Cleveland/Cuyahoga County adult arrestees into four groups: arrestees at no risk for substance abuse or dependence or mental disorder; arrestees at risk for substance abuse or dependence with no risk for mental disorder; arrestees at risk for mental disorder with no risk for substance abuse or dependence; and arrestees at risk for both mental disorder and substance abuse or dependence. A total of 311 adult arrestees were interviewed and provided a urine sample submitted for testing. The dual risk screening instrument includes six mental disorder risk questions and six substance abuse risk questions.  The mental disorder risk questions include questions on having feelings or emotions that make it difficult to complete normal day to day activities, feeling hopeless or depressed, having thoughts of hurting oneself or committing suicide, and hearing or seeing things that others cannot hear or see. The substance abuse risk questions include questions on problems caused by drinking or drug use, arrests due to alcohol or drug use, time spent on thinking about or trying to get alcohol or drugs, and feelings of guilt about drinking or drug use.

Tags: adam-duf-program, addiction, alcohol-abuse, drug-testing, drug-treatment, mental-disorders, mental-health-services, substance-abuse, urinalysis
Organization: Department of Justice
Effects of Intimate Partner Violence on the Workplace in the United States, 2005-2008

This research, which was conducted in two phases, explored the effects of intimate partner violence (IPV) on the workplace between 2005 and 2008. Phase One (Dataset 1, Phase One Data) examined the prevalence of IPV among employed individuals, how IPV affects the personal and professional well-being of employees, and its costs for employers. Researchers focused on two research questions:Does IPV affect employees, and, if so, how?What is the impact of IPV on organizations?
Phase Two (Dataset 2, Phase Two Data) focused more specifically on the interactions between employed IPV victims and their coworkers, focusing on the following questions:Does work-related social support have positive effects on the well-being, attitudes, and behaviors of employed IPV victims?How and when will coworkers provide assistance to IPV victims at work?When and to whom will IPB victims disclose their victimization at work?What organizational conditions are associated with stronger feelings of hopefulness on the part of employed IPB victims?

Tags: domestic-violence, economic-behavior, intimate-partner-violence, work-environment
Organization: Department of Justice
Statewide Study of Stalking and Its Criminal Justice Response in Rhode Island, 2001-2005

The research team collected data from statewide datasets on 268 stalking cases including a population of 108 police identified stalking cases across Rhode Island between 2001 and 2005 with a sample of 160 researcher identified stalking incidents (incidents that met statutory criteria for stalking but were cited by police for other domestic violence offenses) during the same period. The secondary data used for this study came from the Rhode Island Supreme Court Domestic Violence Training and Monitoring Unit's (DVU) statewide database of domestic violence incidents reported to Rhode Island law enforcement. Prior criminal history data were obtained from records of all court cases entered into the automated Rhode Island court file, CourtConnect. The data contain a total of 121 variables including suspect characteristics, victim characteristics, incident characteristics, police response characteristics, and prosecutor response characteristics.

Tags: abuse, arrest-records, criminal-justice-system, domestic-violence, offenders, police-response, prosecution, recidivism-rates, stalkers, stalking, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Investigating the Role of Context, Meaning, and Method in  Violence Against Women in Atlanta, Georgia, 2000-2002

The study was conducted to determine the prevalance of physical and sexual victimization, and to develop a new model of victimization. A total of 600 women participated in the study, consisting of two samples: a sample of 403 incarcerated women at the Metro State Women's Prison in Atlanta, Georgia, and a sample of 197 poor urban women in nonemergency health care clinics. Participants were interviewed once for approximately 1 1/2 to 2 hours, and answered questions about intimate partner violence (with their most recent partner and/or with a previous partner), physical health, emotional well-being, experiences of traumatic life events, strategic responses to abuse, experiences of child abuse, and other related experiences/knowledge. In addition to self-reports, data was gathered from prison records for the incarcerated sample.

Tags: abuse, battered-women, child-abuse, conflict, crime-impact, domestic-assault, family-violence, female-inmates, female-offenders, intimate-partner-violence, prison-inmates, reactions-to-crime, sexual-abuse, victimization, violence-against-women
Organization: Department of Justice
Substance-Free Transitional Housing and Community Corrections in Washington County, Oregon, 2005-2008

The study investigated self-sufficiency, community adjustment, substance use, and criminal recidivism outcomes for substance abusing offenders served through the Washington County (Oregon) Community Corrections Department (WCCC) to document the value-added of providing substance-free transitional housing services. The study addressed the value-added of Oxford House and other transitional housing services to the combination of services offenders receive, and documented the relative costs and benefits of substance-free transitional housing services. Individuals were eligible for the study if they entered Oxford Houses, entered some other form of substance-free transitional housing, or could benefit from, but did not enter, any form of substance-free transitional housing. A total of 356 supervisees were eligible for the study; 301 agreed to participate in baseline interviews, and 238 participated in 12-month follow-up interviews. The study included both interview data collection and administrative records data collection. The research team also collected Housing Data (Part 2) from the housing section of the interviews and Treatment Data (Part 3) from a statewide treatment database.

Tags: alcohol-abuse, alcohol-consumption, drug-use, employment, halfway-houses, housing, mental-health, neighborhood-characteristics, neighborhood-conditions, parole, probation-services, psychological-wellbeing, substance-abuse, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: Department of Justice
Florida Elder Abuse Survey in Seven Sites, 2007-2008 [United States]

The purpose of this project was to develop and pilot test an interviewer-administered self-report questionnaire that might be used in a subsequent national survey to scientifically establish the prevalence of second-party elder abuse or neglect. The project focused only on those living in the communities who were capable of accurately self-reporting their knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Through focus groups of adult protective services and abuse hot-line staff, questionnaire items were generated and later tested through interviews of clients of aging services in Florida. Aging services case managers screened and recruited 95 clients, aged 65 and older, with 25 clients who had reports of mistreatment within the hotline database, and 70 comparison clients (no reports of mistreatment).  Groups were matched by gender and age within 10 years. The interviews were conducted over an 18-month period, of which 3 interviews were  conducted in-person and 92 interviews were conducted by telephone. All interviews were conducted by trained interviewers of the research team. Twenty-six interviews were conducted in Spanish.  Interviews focused on demographics; activities of daily living; 19 possible types of elder abuse or neglect within the previous year, and, for each positive response, questions about the perpetrators and their relationship to the older adult; a description of when the mistreatment happened, how often, what the respondent did, and whether it was related to the perpetrator's anger, neglect, or carelessness.

Tags: abuse, activities-of-daily-living, caregivers, cognitive-functioning, elder-abuse, family-violence, living-arrangements, older-adults
Organization: Department of Justice