AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
SAFARI 2000 FEWS 10-day Rainfall Estimate, 8-Km, 1999-2001

The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Famine Early Warning System (FEWS) has been supporting the production of 10-day Rainfall Estimate (RFE) data for Africa since 1995. The FEWSNET project was established with the goal of reducing the incidence of drought- or flood-induced famine by providing decision makers with timely and accurate information on conditions that may require intervention. RFE data for continental Africa for 1999, 2000, and 2001 were downloaded the from the African Data Dissemination Service (ADDS) site at [http://edcsnw4.cr.usgs.gov/adds/index.php], and were subset for southern Africa by the SAFARI 2000 data group. The RFE 1.0 algorithm, implemented from 1995 to 2000, uses an interpolation method to combine Meteosat and Global Telecommunication System (GTS) data, and warm cloud information for the 10-day estimations. The 30-minute geostationary Meteosat-7 satellite infrared data are used to estimate convective rainfall from areas where cloud top temperatures are less than 235K. The RFE 2.0 algorithm, implemented as of January 1, 2001, uses additional techniques to better estimate precipitation while continuing the use of cold cloud duration and station rainfall data. The 2.0 algorithm also incorporates two additional satellites, the Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) to further aid the estimation. Rain gauge data from around 1000 World Meteorological Organization (WMO) GTS stations that pass quality control procedures are weighted more heavily toward the final rainfall estimate as the distance to the station decreases. Thus, at a distance far from the rain gauge, satellite estimates data dominate the final output result.The RFE subsets are flat binary images, with no headers. The data are limited to the range 0-250 and the rainfall units are millimeters. The data are in an Albers projection, and the pixels are 8 km square. Each single-byte image is 928 samples by 711 lines. There are 3 images per month, thus 36 per year, for a total of 108 10-day rainfall images for the period 1999-2001.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) Satellite Orbit Products from NASA CDDIS

SLR Satellite Orbit solutions available from the Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS). Precise Orbit Determination (POD) solutions in Standard Product 3 (SP3) format derived from analysis of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data. These products are the generated by analysis centers in support of the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS) and combined by the ILRS analysis coordinator to form the official ILRS orbit product (weekly), available approximately 5 days after the end of the solution week.

Tags: earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-coordinate-reference-system-country-regional-coordinate-ref, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-coordinate-reference-system-global-coordinate-reference-sys, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-ellipsoid-characteristics, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-geoid-characteristics, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-control-surveys, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-gravity, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-polar-motion-annual-elliptical-component, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-polar-motion-chandler-circular-component, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-rotational-motion-variations-rotational-r, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-satellite-orbits-revolution-angle-of-elev, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-satellite-orbits-revolution-angle-of-incl, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-satellite-orbits-revolution-orbit-type, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-satellite-orbits-revolution-orbit-velocit, earth-science-gravity-gravitational-field-solid-earth-satellite-orbits-revolution-orbital-posit, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-earthquakes-earthquake-magnitude-intensity, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-crustal-motion-crustal-motion-direction, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-crustal-motion-crustal-motion-rate, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-fault-movement-fault-movement-direction, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-fault-movement-fault-movement-rate, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-plate-boundaries, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-strain
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Plant Biomass/Production/Consump. (FIFE)

The focus of this study was to quantify the effects of foliage removal by cattle on plant net primary productivity (NPP). The Vegetation Biomass, Production and Consumption at Selected Sites Data Set contains mean values and their variances. During the growing season of 1987, portable cattle exclosures were used to quantify above-ground plant biomass dynamics at each of four sites. All sites had been grazed each year and burned frequently during the preceding 10 years. Biomass was measured inside portable exclosures, outside exclosures (in unprotected vegetation), and inside permanent exclosures. Exclosures were moved to previously unsampled locations within a distance of 10 m after samples were obtained, and these remained in place until the next sampling date.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-consumption-rates, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Gas Emissions from Biofuel Use and Production, September 2000

Domestic biomass fuels (biofuels) are estimated to be the second largest source of carbon emissions from global biomass burning. Wood and charcoal provide approximately 90% and 10% of domestic energy in tropical Africa, respectively. As part of the Southern Africa Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000), the University of Montana participated in both ground-based and airborne campaigns during the southern African dry season of 2000 to measure trace gas emissions from biofuel production and use and savanna fires, respectively.In September of 2000, ground-based, open-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR) was used to quantify 18 of the most abundant trace gases emitted by wood and charcoal cooking fires and an earthen, charcoal-making kiln in Zambia. These are the first, in-situ measurements of an extensive suite of trace gases emitted by tropical biofuel burning.This data set provides biofuel burning emission ratios and emission factors from field measurements for the following trace gases (in order of abundance): carbon dioxide (CO2); carbon monoxide (CO); methane (CH4); acetic acid (CH3COOH); methanol (CH3OH); formaldehyde (HCHO); ethene (C2H4); ammonia (NH3); acetylene (C2H2); nitric oxide (NO); ethane (C2H6); phenol (C6H5OH); propene (C3H6); formic acid (HCOOH); nitrogen dioxide (NO2), hydroxyacetaldehyde (HOCH2COH); and furan (C4H4O). The files are ASCII text files in comma-separated-value format. All emission factors units are grams of compound emitted per kilogram of dry fuel. Emission ratios are dimensionless.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-methane, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-non-methane-hyd, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitric-oxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrogen-dioxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-trace-gases-trace-species, earth-science-economic-resources-human-dimensions-energy-production-use-biomass-energy-producti, earth-science-economic-resources-human-dimensions-energy-production-use-methane-production-use, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-biomass-burning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Estimated BVOC Emissions for Southern African Land Cover Types

Improved vegetation distribution and emission data for Africa south of the equator were developed for the Southern African Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000) and combined with biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emission measurements to estimate BVOC emissions for the southern African region. BVOC emissions were estimated for southern Africa on a monthly basis over a one-year period by combining GIS layers of vegetation, LAI, and climate with a biogenic emissions model, GLOBEIS (Guenther et al, 1993; Guenther, 1999). Model input data included: vegetation data (Rutherford et al., 2000); species emission capacity data (Greenberg et al., 2003; Guenther et al., 1996; Harley et al., 2003; Klinger et al., 1998; Otter et al., 2002; Serca et al., 2001; Wiedinmyer et al., 2004); LAI data (1987-88 ISLSCP LAI; Sellers et al., 1994); cloud cover (MODIS LAI cloud mask); and temperature data (NOAA NCDC data).Model output includes emissions estimates for isoprene, light-dependent monoterpene, stored monoterpene, and other volatile organic compounds by land cover category and by vegetation type (g C m-2 mo-1). Emissions were modeled for a summer (January) and a winter (July) month in 2001. Monthly and annual total emissions per constituent for the year 2001 were also calculated. The data files containing the model outputs are ASCII comma-delimited files. Graphics (.jpgs) included with this data set show the distribution of light dependent monoterpene emissions across southern Africa during January, the average monthly isoprene emissions over southern Africa in January and in July, and the average monthly stored monoterpene emissions over southern Africa in January and in July.

Tags: earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-volatile-organic-compounds, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-maximum-minimum-temperatur, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 FPAR TRAC Data for Mongu, Zambia, 1999-2002

Data from the Tracing Architecture and Radiation of Canopies (TRAC) instrument were processed to determine the fraction of intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) at the EOS Validation Core Site in Kataba Local Forest, approximately 20 km south of Mongu, Zambia. Measurements began in 1999 and continued into 2002, with measurements collected about every month. TRAC contains three pyranometers sensitive to PAR wavelengths, with two sensors upward looking and one downward looking. The TRAC instrument was carried along three parallel transects, each 750 m long and spaced 250 m apart, about 0.7 m off the ground on clear days near midday. The sensors measured PAR at 32 Hz, resulting in a horizontal sampling interval of about 1.7 cm (Privette et al., 2002). Each transect was divided into 25 m segments, and Fpar values, with date/time stamp, are reported for each segment. The length and spacing of the transects were chosen to sample an area large enough to be representative of a 1 km MODIS pixel. PAR transmittance values were determined from the upward viewing pyranometers on the TRAC instrument. Due to the large gaps in the canopy, incident PAR was estimated from the TRAC data as 95% of the maximum PAR transmittance value for each transect. The FPAR values of all the observations were averaged to give segment-average FPAR, and segment average FPAR values were averaged to give transect-average FPAR.The data file is stored as an ASCII text file, in comma-separated-value (csv) format, with column headers.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-transmittance, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 LAI and FPAR Measurements at Sua Pan, Botswana, Dry Season 2000

The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Validation team was deployed to the Sua Pan salt playa in the Magkadigkadi region of Botswana during the SAFARI 2000 Dry Season Aircraft Campaign to collect various data sets for validating the MISR LAI/FPAR algorithm. Ground measurements of leaf area index (LAI) and fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (FPAR) were made using the LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer and Sunfleck PAR ceptometer, respectively, during focused periods from August 20 to August 28, 2000 at a dry grassland site adjacent to the Sua Pan. The 1 km by 1 km sampling grid was a homogeneous, relatively dense grassland, with a height of 20-100 cm and two prevalent grass types, Odyssea paucinervis and Sporobolus spicatus. Associated reflectance measurements were made with the PARABOLA and ASD instruments (Helmlinger et al., 2004a; 2004b).The data files contain measurements of LAI and PAR reflectance and transmission and a description of sky conditions during the sampling periods. With one exception, all measurements were made under clear sky conditions. PAR data were measured only on the transect scale while LAI are provided at both pixel and transect scales. PAR readings were performed at 93 transect sample points, and LAI readings were performed at 135 (93 transect and 42 subgrid) sample points. Each file also contains mean LAI and PAR values. The data files are ASCII tables, in comma-separated-value format.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Hydrographic Data, 1-Deg, Release 2.2 (Cogley)

This southern African subset of the Global Hydrographic data set (GGHYDRO) Release 2.2 is organized into 19 files containing terrain type, stream frequency counts, major drainage basins, main features of the cryosphere surface, and ice/water runoff per year for the entire Earth's surface at a spatial resolution of 1 degree longitude by 1 degree latitude. This southern African subset of the Global Hydrographic data is provided in both ASCII GRID and binary image files formats. More information and selected thumbnails images can be found at: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/hydrology/hydrographic_gghydro/comp/gghydro_readme.pdf . GGHYDRO Data Set Categories (Data File): 1. Exposed land not covered by swamp, intermittent water bodies, glacier ice, sand dunes, saltmarsh or salt flats (LAND); 2. Perennial freshwater lakes (FLAK); 3. Swamp, marsh and other wetlands(SWMP); 4. Saltwater, whether marine or terrestrial (SLTW); 5. Intermittent water bodies (ILAK); 6. Glacier ice, including shelf ice but excluding pack ice (GLAC); 7. Sand dunes (DUNE); 8. Saltmarsh (SMRS); 9. Salt flats (SFLT); 10. Land + Swamp + Sand dunes + Saltmarsh (DSRF); 11. Perennial rivers (FRIV); 12. Intermittent rivers (IRIV); 13. Land mask (MS05); 14. Major drainage basins (BAS1); 15. Smaller drainage basins (BAS2); 16. Main features of the cryosphere (CRYO); 17. Surface runoff of water (kg/m**2/yr) (RNOF); 18. Estimated root-mean-square error of RNOF (%) (RNER); and 19. Runoff of ice ( kg/m**2/yr ) (RICE).

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-freshwater-ecosystems-rivers-stream, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-aeolian-landforms-dunes, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-ice-extent, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-lake-ice, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-permafrost, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-wetlands, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-draina, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-runoff
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TEMPO gridded ozone total column V03 (PROVISIONAL)

Total ozone Level 3 files provide ozone information on a regular grid covering the TEMPO field of regard for nominal TEMPO observations. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle. The files are provided in netCDF4 format, and contain information on total column ozone and some auxiliary derived and ancillary input parameters including effective cloud fraction, effective cloud pressure, radiative cloud fraction, SO2 index, and terrain pressure. The re-gridding algorithm uses an area-weighted approach. These data reached provisional validation on December 9, 2024.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Land Cover from AVHRR, 1-Deg, 1987 (Defries and Townshend)

This data set consists of a southern African subset of the University of Maryland (UMD) 1-degree Global Land Cover product in ASCII GRID and binary image formats. The UMD 1-degree Global Land Cover product was produced by researchers at the Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies (LGRSS) at UMD. The product is based on Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) maximum monthly composites for 1987 of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values at approximately 8-km resolution, averaged to one-by-one degree resolution. This coarse- resolution data set was used as the basis for a supervised classification of eleven cover types that broadly represent the major biomes of the world. Because of missing values at high latitudes, the Pathfinder AVHRR data set for 1987 for summer monthly NDVI and red reflectance values were used to distinguish the following cover types: tundra, high latitude deciduous forest and woodland, coniferous evergreen forest and woodland. The 1-degree global land cover product is available for download from the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) web site. The data are available as a global coverage in both binary and ASCII format. Additional information and references on this data set can be found at the GLCF web site as well as at the LGRSS web site (link provided at the GLCF web site ) and in the readme file found along with the data [ ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/vegetation_wetlands/land_cover_data_1deg/comp/glcf1deg_readme.pdf].

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-anthropogenic-human-influenced-ecosystems-agricultural-lands, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Fire Emission Data, Dry Season 2000

As part of the Southern Africa Regional Science Initiative (SAFARI 2000), the University of Montana participated in both ground-based and airborne campaigns during the southern African dry season of 2000 to measure trace gas emissions from biofuel production and use and savanna fires, respectively.During the airborne campaign, stable and reactive trace gases were measured over southern Africa with an airborne Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (AFTIR) onboard the University of Washington Convair-580 research aircraft in August-September of 2000. The measurements included vertical profiles of CO2, CO, H2O, and CH4 up to 5.5 km on 6 occasions above instrumented ground sites and below the TERRA satellite and ER-2 high-flying research aircraft as well as trace gas emissions from ten African savanna fires. These measurements are the first broad characterization of the most abundant trace gases in nascent smoke from African savanna fires (i.e., including oxygen- and nitrogen-containing species). The measurements are used to calculate emission factors for savanna fires that can be used for regional emissions estimates.This data set provides emission ratios and emission factors from the aircraft sampling effort for the following trace gases: carbon dioxide (CO2); carbon monoxide (CO); methane (CH4); acetylene (C2H2); ethene (C2H4); acetic acid (CH3COOH); methanol (CH3OH); formaldehyde (HCHO); hydrogen cyanide (HCN); formic acid (HCOOH); ammonia (NH3); nitric oxide (NO); and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The file is an ASCII text file in comma-separated-value format. All emission factor units are grams of compound emitted per kilogram of fuel burned (g/kg) for the savanna fires investigated. Emission ratios are dimensionless.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-methane, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-non-methane-hyd, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitric-oxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrogen-dioxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-trace-gases-trace-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Monthly and Annual CO2 Emissions from Soil, 0.5 Degree Grid

The data set provides estimated monthly and annual soil CO2 emissions for southern Africa (the SAFARI 2000 project region). The calculated emissions are from the respiration of both soil organisms and plant roots and are provided on a 0.5-degree grid cell basis. The data are a subset of a global data set (Raich and Potter, CDIAC 1996), reformatted and subsetted to the SAFARI region.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration