AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Facilities 2011

The National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Programs 2011 lists federal, state, local, and private facilities that provide substance abuse treatment services. The directory includes treatment facilities that are licensed, certified, or otherwise approved for inclusion in the directory by their state substance abuse agencies and that responded to the 2010 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS). The information about each facility that appears in this directory was provided by that facility in response to the 2010 N-SSATS. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) conducts the N-SSATS annually.

Tags: alcohol-abuse-treatment, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Region 10, Volume 5

This is a behavioral health report for HHS Region X of the United States and utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment (N-SSATS), collected annually. The topics addressed in the reports include youth substance use, youth mental health, adult mental health, and substance use treatment.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, youth-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527325: 4-butyl-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-one

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 4-butyl-3-methoxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazol-5-one. Molecular Formula: C15H20N2O3. Molecular Weight: 276.33. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Detection of malaria parasites by nested PCR in south-eastern, Iran: Evidence of highly mixed infections in Chahbahar district

Background
          Rapid diagnosis and correct treatment of cases are the main objectives of control programs in malaria-endemic areas.
        
        
          Methods and results
          To evaluate these criteria and in a comparative study, blood specimens were collected from 120 volunteers seeking care at the Malaria Health Center in Chahbahar district. One hundred and seven out of 120 Giemsa-stained slides were positive for malaria parasites by microscopy. Eighty-four (70%) and 20 (16.7%) were identified as having only Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infections, respectively, while only 3 (2.5%) were interpreted as having mixed P. vivax-P. falciparum infections.
          The target DNA sequence of the 18S small sub-unit ribosomal RNA (ssrRNA) gene was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and used for the diagnosis of malaria in south-eastern Iran. One hundred twenty blood samples were submitted and the results were compared to those of routine microscopy. The sensitivity of PCR for detection of P. vivax and P. falciparum malaria was higher than that of microscopy: nested PCR detected 31 more mixed infections than microscopy and parasite positive reactions in 9 out of the 13 microscopically negative samples. The results also confirmed the presence of P. vivax and P. falciparum.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results suggest that, in places where transmission of both P. vivax and P. falciparum occurs, nested PCR detection of malaria parasites can be a very useful complement to microscopical diagnosis.

Tags: malaria-diagnosis, nih, pcr-detection, plasmodium-falciparum, plasmodium-vivax
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Pro/con clinical debate: Are steroids useful in the management of patients with septic shock?

Decision-making in the intensive care unit is often very difficult. Although we are encouraged to make evidence-based decisions, this may be difficult for a number of reasons. To begin with, evidence may not exist to answer the clinical question. Second, when there is evidence it may not be applicable to the patient in question or the clinician may be reluctant to apply it to the patient based on a number of secondary issues such as costs, premorbid condition or possible complications. Finally, emotions are often highly charged when caring for patients that have a significant chance of death, and care-givers as well as families are frequently prepared to take chances on a therapy whose benefit is not entirely clear. Steroid use in septic shock is an example of a therapy that makes some sense but has conflicting support in the literature. In this issue of Critical Care Forum, the two sides of this often heated debate are brought to the forefront in an interesting format.

Tags: critical-care, glucocorticoids, nih, septic-shock, steroid-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528499: 8-Methyldocosane

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 8-methyldocosane. Molecular Formula: C23H48. Molecular Weight: 324.6. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525260: N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-N''-propan-2-ylguanidine

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-propan-2-ylguanidine. Molecular Formula: C8H19N3. Molecular Weight: 157.26. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527362: 18,22,26-Trimethyl-triacontyl cyanide

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 19,23,27-trimethylhentriacontanenitrile. Molecular Formula: C34H67N. Molecular Weight: 489.9. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 State Profile — Virgin Islands

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing state profile for Virgin Islands in 2011. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: behavioral-health-services, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, virgin-islands
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Debate: Unstable angina - When should we intervene?

The prognosis of patients who present with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is guarded. These patients can be risk-stratified on the basis of symptom complex, electrocardiographic ST segment depression, obvious hemodynamic compromise and particularly on the basis of serum troponin level. An elevated troponin level determines risk and also predicts the degree of benefit from treatment with either low molecular weight heparin or platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa blockade. Higher risk patients should undergo early coronary angiography and myocardial revascularization as indicated and feasible. Although studies performed before the advent of coronary stenting and adjunctive platelet GP IIb/IIIa blockade suggested increased hazard for patients undergoing early intervention, recent experience cited herein supports an in-hospital and long-term clinical benefit for the aggressive approach. Here, I propose an algorithm for risk stratification and triage of appropriate patients for adjunctive pharmacotherapy and early revascularization.

Tags: acute-coronary-syndrome, myocardial-revascularization, nih, risk-stratification, unstable-angina
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013-2014 NSDUH: Guide to State Tables and Summary of SAE Methodology

This report provides a guide to the development and presentation of the 2013-2014 NSDUH State estimates. A summary of the methodology is included along with tables containing sample sizes, response rates, and population estimates (i.e., denominators of percentages) by State and age group.

Tags: mental-health, samhsa, state-estimates, substance-use, survey-methodology
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
South Carolina (SC)

This report presents South Carolina\'s estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2009 and 2010 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided for South Carolina for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, south-carolina, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen: two case reports and review of literature

Malaria has long been among the most common diseases in the southeast Anatolia region of Turkey. In 1992, 18676 cases were diagnosed in Turkey, and Diyarbakir city had the highest incidence (4168 cases), followed by SanliUrfa city (3578 cases). Malaria was especially common during 1994 and 1995, with 84 345 and 82 094 cases being diagnosed in these years, respectively. Spontaneous rupture of malarial spleen is rare. We saw two cases during 1998, which are reported herein. Both patients were male, and were receiving chloroquine treatment for an acute attack of malaria. One of the patients had developed abdominal pain and palpitations, followed by fainting. The other patient had abdominal pain and fever. Explorative laparotomy revealed an enlarged spleen in both patients. Splenectomy was performed in both patients. We have identified 15 episodes of spontaneous rupture of the spleen in the English language literature published since 1961. Because of increased travel to endemic areas and resistance to antimalarial drugs, malaria is a major medical problem that is becoming increasingly important to surgeons worldwide. Malaria is a particularly important problem in the southeast Anatolia region of Turkey. Prophylactic precautions should be taken by tourists who travel to this region, especially during the summer.

Tags: case-reports, chloroquine-treatment, malarial-ruptured-spleen, nih, splenectomy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Teaching Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (EBCAM); Changing behaviours in the face of reticence: A cross-over trial

Background
          The effectiveness of teaching critical appraisal to students of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) has not been studied. In this study we attempt to determine if a workshop for final year students at a naturopathic college improved their ability to utilize critical appraisal concepts.
        
        
          Methods
          We assigned 83 Naturopathic Interns to two groups: Group A (n = 47) or Group B (n = 36). We conducted a baseline assessment of all subjects' critical appraisal skills. Group A was assigned to receive a 3 ½ hour workshop on Evidence Based  Medicine (EBM) and Group B received a workshop on bioethics (control intervention). The groups critical appraisal skills were re-evaluated at this time. We then crossed over the intervention so that Group B received the EBM workshop while Group A received the bioethics workshop. Assessment of critical appraisal skills of the two groups was again performed.
        
        
          Results
          The students mean scores were similar in Group A (14.8) and Group B (15.0) after Group A had received the intervention and Group B had received the control (p = 0.75). Group scores were not significantly improved at the end of the trial compared to at the beginning of the study (Group A: 15.1 to 16.1) (Group B 15.6 to 15.9). Student's confidence in reading research papers also did not improve throughout the course of the study.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The final year is a difficult but important time to teach critical appraisal and evidence skills. Single, short intervention programs will likely yield negligible results. A multi-factorial approach may be better suited to implementing EBCAM than single short interventions.

Tags: critical-appraisal-skills, ebcam-education, evidence-based-medicine, naturopathic-medicine, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Mechanical ventilation: lessons from the ARDSNet trial

The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an inflammatory disease of the lungs characterized clinically by bilateral pulmonary infiltrates, decreased pulmonary compliance and hypoxemia. Although supportive care for ARDS seems to have improved over the past few decades, few studies have shown that any treatment can decrease mortality for this deadly syndrome. In the 4 May 2000 issue of New England Journal of Medicine, the results of an NIH-sponsored trial were presented; they demonstrated that the use of a ventilatory strategy that minimizes ventilator-induced lung injury leads to a 22% decrease in mortality. The implications of this study with respect to clinical practice, further ARDS studies and clinical research in the critical care setting are discussed.

Tags: ards-mortality, ards-net-trial, lung-injury, mechanical-ventilation, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Active synovial matrix metalloproteinase-2 is associated with radiographic erosions in patients with early synovitis

Serum and synovial tissue expression of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 and their molecular regulators, MMP-14 and TIMP-2 was examined in 28 patients with inflammatory early synovitis and 4 healthy volunteers and correlated with the presence of erosions in the patients. Immunohistological staining of MMP-2, MMP-14 and TIMP-2 localized to corresponding areas in the synovial lining layer and was almost absent in normal synovium. Patients with radiographic erosions had significantly higher levels of active MMP-2 than patients with no erosions, suggesting that activated MMP-2 levels in synovial tissue may be a marker for a more aggressive synovial lesion.

Tags: mmp-2-expression, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, synovial-tissue, synovitis-erosions
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
An optimised recovery method for thermophilic Campylobacter from liver

Background
          The past three decades have witnessed the rise of Campylobacter enteritis in man from virtual obscurity to notoriety, with present isolation rates superseding those of other enteric pathogens such as Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. in most developed countries. Although campylobacters are not completely new to applied bacteriology, they have evaded traditional isolation techniques used for the isolation of pure cultures, apart from single isolations that were free from competing organisms. Offals, in particular liver have been decribed as both a source of campylobacters, as well as a route of transmission of this organism to human. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop an optimum method for the recovery of Campylobacter spp. from porcine liver.
        
        
          Results
          Four isolation techniques (methods A-D) were compared in a small pilot study for their ability to successfully recover campylobacters from freshly eviscerated porcine liver. The optimum isolation method involved direct swabbing of the liver tissues followed by plating onto Preston Selective medium, which was superior to methods involving mechanical disruption to liver tissues, including direct plating and enrichment methods, with and without blood. Consequently, any isolation method that involves disruption of liver tissue e.g. homogenisation or stomaching, is not suitable for the detection of campylobacters from liver and hence it is recommended that employment of a direct swabbing technique without mechanical disruption of tissues in combination with selective plating to optimally recover campylobacters from freshly eviscerated liver.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Employment of a direct swabbing technique in combination with selective plating allow Campylobacter spp. to be optimally recovered from freshly eviscerated liver and therefore this technique is recommended when examining liver for the presence of this organism.

Tags: campylobacter-enteritis, foodborne-illness, isolation-techniques, nih, porcine-liver
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525613: N,N-Dimethyl-N'-benzyl-p-methylbenzamidine

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: N'-benzyl-N,N,4-trimethylbenzenecarboximidamide. Molecular Formula: C17H20N2. Molecular Weight: 252.35. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Epstein-Barr virus reactivation after superinfection of the BJAB-B1 and P3HR-1 cell lines with cytomegalovirus

Background
          Studies examining herpesvirus-herpesvirus (cytomegalovirus (CMV)-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)) interactions are limited, and many of the studies have been clinical observations suggesting such an interaction exists. This report aims to examine the in vitro susceptibilities of BJAB-B1 and P3HR-1 cells (EBV positive Burkitt's lymphoma B-cell lines) to a CMV superinfection; and show that EBV reactivation occurs after CMV superinfects these cell lines.
        
        
          Results
          The BJAB-B1 and P3HR-1 cells were observed to be susceptible to a CMV superinfection by the detection of the major immediate early (MIE) viral transcript and protein (p52) expression. The BZLF1 transcript was observed in both cell lines superinfected with CMV, indicating EBV reactivation. BZLF1 protein was observed in the BJAB-B1 cells. Antigen detection was not performed in the P3HR-1 cells.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The results from the in vitro superinfections support the in vivo studies suggesting a CMV infection is related to an EBV reactivation and suggests that CMV may be important as a co-factor in EBV pathogenesis in the immunocompromised patient.

Tags: cell-line-study, cytomegalovirus-coinfection, epstein-barr-virus, nih, viral-reactivation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525250: Guanidine, N''-(4-methoxyphenyl)-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine. Molecular Formula: C12H19N3O. Molecular Weight: 221.3. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cross-species hybridisation of pig RNA to human nylon microarrays

Background
          The objective of this research was to investigate the reproducibility of cross-species microarray hybridisation. Comparisons between same- and cross-species hybridisations were also made. Nine hybridisations between a single pig skeletal muscle RNA sample and three human cDNA nylon microarrays were completed. Three replicate hybridisations of two different amounts of pig RNA, and of human skeletal muscle RNA were completed on three additional microarrays.
        
        
          Results
          Reproducibility of microarray hybridisations of pig cDNA to human microarrays was high, as determined by Spearman and Pearson correlation coefficients and a Kappa statistic. Variability among replicate hybridisations was similar for human and pig data, indicating the reproducibility of results were not compromised in cross-species hybridisations. The concordance between data generated from hybridisations using pig and human skeletal muscle RNA was high, further supporting the use of human microarrays for the analysis of gene expression in the pig. No systematic effect of stripping and re-using nylon microarrays was found, and variability across microarrays was minimal.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The majority of genes generated highly reproducible data in cross-species microarray hybridisations, although approximately 6% were identified as highly variable. Experimental designs that include at least three replicate hybridisations for each experimental treatment will enable the variability of individual genes to be considered appropriately. The use of cross-species microarray analysis looks promising. However, additional validation is needed to determine the specificity of cross-species hybridisations, and the validity of results.

Tags: cross-species-hybridization, human-cdna, nih, pig-rna, rna-microarray
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The human Y chromosome: the biological role of a “functional wasteland”

“Functional wasteland,” “Nonrecombining desert,” and
“Gene-poor chromosome” are only some examples of the different
definitions given to the Y chromosome in the last decade. In
comparison to the other chromosomes, the Y is poor in genes,
being more than 50% of its sequence composed of repeated
elements. Moreover, the Y genes are in continuous decay probably
due to the lack of recombination of this chromosome. But the
human Y chromosome, at the same time, plays a central role in
human biology. The presence or absence of this chromosome
determines gonadal sex. Thus, mammalian embryos with a Y
chromosome develop testes, while those without it develop ovaries
(Polani [1]). What is responsible for the male phenotype is
the testis-determining SRY gene (Sinclair [2]) which
remains the most distinguishing characteristic of this
chromosome. In addition to SRY, the presence of other genes with
important functions has been reported, including a region
associated to Turner estigmata, a gene related to the development
of gonadoblastoma and, most important, genes related to germ cell
development and maintenance and then, related with male fertility
(Lahn and Page [3]). This paper reviews the structure and
the biological functions of this peculiar chromosome.

Tags: gonadal-development, nih, sex-determination, sry-gene, y-chromosome
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH

This report presents combined 2005 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) results for those aged 12 or older in the Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH metro area. The report includes estimates of substance use disorder, major depressive episode, illicit drug use, marijuana use, cigarette use, binge alcohol use, and the nonmedical use of prescription-type pain relievers. Results are provided for the Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor metro area, Ohio, and the U.S. overall.

Tags: major-depressive-episode, nsduh, ohio, samhsa, substance-use-disorder
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services