AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Real-Time Structural Overload Control via Control Allocation Optimization Project

&lt;p&gt;This control methodology utilizes real-time vehicle structural load and&amp;nbsp;shape measurements to actively respond to and protect against vehicle&amp;nbsp;damage due to structural overload. The innovation utilizes critical point&amp;nbsp;load feedback within an optimal control allocation architecture that&amp;nbsp;constrains the load at those critical points while still producing the&amp;nbsp;control response commanded by a pilot. Specifically, the technology&amp;nbsp;monitors the loads at critical control points and shifts the loading away&amp;nbsp;from points at or near their limits.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Work to date:&lt;/strong&gt; Using NASA&amp;rsquo;s Full-Scale Advanced Systems Testbed&amp;nbsp;(FAST) aircraft, the Armstrong team targeted the aileron hinge connection&amp;nbsp;as a critical control point. The experiment produced successful results in simulation and flight, preventing structural overload and yielding good handling&amp;nbsp;characteristics for optimization metrics and load constraint types.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Looking ahead:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;This effort led to being awarded an ARMD seedling fund phase one to further develop the technique and expand the work to other autonomy efforts.&amp;nbsp;Future tests will&amp;nbsp;employ more advanced and unique sensor technologies, such as fiber&amp;nbsp;optic strain sensors. This technology could open the door to truly novel&amp;nbsp;approaches to vehicle and control system design.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Benefits&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Effective:&lt;/strong&gt; Identifies the optimum control&amp;nbsp;surface usage for a given maneuver for both&amp;nbsp;performance and structural loading&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Automated:&lt;/strong&gt; Monitors and alleviates stress&amp;nbsp;on critical load points in real time&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Economical:&lt;/strong&gt; Decreases the need for&amp;nbsp;repairs and general maintenance&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Applications&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;ul&gt;&lt;li&gt;Jet aircraft&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Rocket controls&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Industrial robotics&lt;/li&gt;&lt;li&gt;Structural health monitoring and load alleviation&lt;/li&gt;&lt;/ul&gt;

Tags: armstrong-flight-research-center, completed, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Global Sentinel-1 Burst ID Map

Sentinel-1 performs systematic acquisition of bursts in both IW and EW modes. The bursts overlap almost perfectly between different passes and are always located at the same place. With the deployment of the SAR processor S1-IPF 3.4, a new element has been added to the products annotations: the Burst ID, which should help the end user to identify a burst area of interest and facilitate searches. The Burst ID map is a complementary auxiliary product.  The maps have a validity that covers the entire time span of the mission and they are global, i.e., they include as well information where no SAR data is acquired. Each granule contains information about burst and sub-swath IDs, relative orbit and burst polygon, and should allow for an easier link between a certain burst ID in a product and its corresponding geographic location.

Tags: cryosphere, earth-science, geomorphic-landforms-processes, glaciers-ice-sheets, land-surface, oceans, radar, sea-ice, solid-earth, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
High Thrust-Density Electrostaic Engines Project

&lt;p&gt;These issues are addressable by: increasing the thrust, power, and thrust-to-power ratio capability of EP systems; reducing the non-recurring engineering systems costs; and developing system architectures with performance characteristics that capture the broadest possible range of missions so that development &amp;amp; flight costs are amortized over multiple users.&amp;nbsp; We believe these objectives can be achieved by developing the Next Generation Electric Propulsion Thruster (NGEPT); a GRC-patented modular EP device based on a new arrangement of relatively mature and proven technologies with the potential to yield revolutionary capabilities&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: completed, glenn-research-center, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LAT Pass 6 (V11) Archived Weekly files

Fermi is a powerful space observatory that will open a wide window on the universe. Gamma rays are the highest-energy form of light, and the gamma-ray sky is spectacularly different from the one we perceive with our own eyes. With a huge leap in all key capabilities, Fermi data will enable scientists to answer persistent questions across a broad range of topics, including supermassive black-hole systems, pulsars, the origin of cosmic rays, and searches for signals of new physics.

Tags: astrophysics, gamma-ray-bursts, gbm, lat, light-arcs, particle-physics, photons, pulsars, solar-flares, space-science
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VIIRS NOAA-20 (JPSS-1) 375m, I-Band Active Fire Product NRT (Vector Data)

Near real-time (NRT) NOAA-20 (formally JPSS-1) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Active Fire detection product is based on the instrument's 375 m nominal resolution data. Compared to other coarser resolution (≥1km) satellite fire detection products, the improved 375 m data provide greater response over fires of relatively small areas, as well as improved mapping of large fire perimeters. Consequently, the data are well suited for use in support of fire management (e.g., near real-time alert systems), as well as other science applications requiring improved fire mapping fidelity. The 375 m product complements the baseline Suomi NPP/VIIRS 750 m active fire detection and characterization data, which was originally designed to provide continuity to the existing 1 km Earth Observing System Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (EOS/MODIS) active fire data record. Due to frequent data saturation issues, the current 375 m fire product provides detection information only with no sub-pixel fire characterization.

VJ114IMGTDL_NRT are available in the following formats: TXT, SHP, KML, WMS. These data are also provided through the LANCE FIRMS Fire Email Alerts. Please note only the TXT and SHP files contain all the attributes. For the HDF version see: VJ114IMG_NRT 

Recommended reading: VIIRS 375m Active Fire Algorithm User Guide (https://earthdata.nasa.gov/files/VIIRS_375m_Users_guide_Dec15_v2.pdf) (updated December 2015).

Tags: biosphere, earth-science, ecological-dynamics, land-surface, surface-radiative-properties, surface-thermal-properties
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TRMM Ground Validation Radar Reflectivity Single Level Cartesian Grid 1 hour V7 (TRMM_baseUW) at GES DISC

This dataset is part of the University of Washington TRMM Ground Validation products.

Data contains single level, cartesian grids containing output of NCAR SPRINT interpolation of lowest sweep of 1C51UW. Horizontal extent is 150x150km and horizontal resolution is 2km. Note that in the netCDF files, "alt" (altitude) is assigned the elevation angle of the lowest sweep (which is used to create this product) and "z_spacing" has no meaning.

A key component of the TRMM project is the Ground Validation (GV) effort which consists of collecting data from ground-based radar, rain gauges and disdrometers. The data is quality-controlled, and then validation products are produced for comparison with TRMM satellite products.

The four primary GV sites are:

+ Darwin, Australia; 
+ Houston, Texas; 
+ Kwajalein, Republic of the Marshall Islands;
+ Melbourne, Florida. 

A significant effort is also being supported at NASA Wallops Flight Facility (WFF) and vicinity to provide high quality, long-term measurements of rain rates (via a network of rain gauges collocated with National Weather Service gauges), as well as drop size distributions (DSD) using a variety of instruments, including impact-type Joss Waldvogel, laser-optical Parsivel, as well as two-dimensional video disdrometers.  DSD measurements are also being collected at Melbourne and Kwajalein using Joss-Waldvogel disdrometers.

Tags: atmosphere, earth-science, precipitation, radar, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
UARS High Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI) Level 3AL V011 (UARHR3AL) at GES DISC

The High Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI) Level 3AL data product consists of daily, 4 degree increment latitude-ordered vertical profiles of meridional and zonal wind components, temperature and volume emmission rate of O2. The instrument measured Doppler shifts of spectral lines in the visible and near-IR between 400 and 800 nm. HRDI was flown on NASA's Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) and designed to measure winds and other parameters in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere by primarily observing the Doppler shift of emitted light, and in the stratosphere by observing the Doppler shift of atmospheric absorption features. Measurements were made in the mesosphere between 50 and 115 km, and in the stratosphere between 10 and 40 km at about 2.5 km resolution. Data were collected between latitude 40S and 76N and 76S and 40N, alternating each satellite yaw cycle of about 36 days. The HRDI Level 3AL data were processed with the version 11 algorithm.

The HRDI level 3AL product consists of 8 granules per day. A data granule is one HRDI species or subtype per day.

Data are on the UARS standard altitude levels (in km) given by:

z(i) = 5*i                for i<=12
z(i) = 60 + (i-12)*3      for 13 <= i <= 32
z(i) = 120 + (i-32)*5     for 33 <= i <= 88

as well as the UARS standard pressure levels (in mbars) given by:

P(i) = 1000 * 10**(-i/6)  for i = 0, 1, 2, ...

The data files are available in a binary record oriented format.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-radiation, atmospheric-temperature, atmospheric-winds, earth-science
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Level 2 KaRIn Low Rate Sea Surface Height Data Product, Version 2.0

The SWOT Level 2 KaRIn Low Rate Sea Surface Height Data Product from the Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission provides global sea surface height and significant wave height observations derived from low rate (LR) measurements from the Ka-band Radar Interferometer (KaRIn). SWOT launched on December 16, 2022 from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California into a 1-day repeat orbit for the "calibration" or "fast-sampling" phase of the mission, which completed in early July 2023. After the calibration phase, SWOT entered a 21-day repeat orbit in August 2023 to start the "science" phase of the mission, which is expected to continue through 2025. <br>
The L2 sea surface height data product is distributed in one netCDF-4 file per pass (half-orbit) covering the full KaRIn swath width, which spans 10-60km on each side of the nadir track. Sea surface height, sea surface height anomaly, wind speed, significant waveheight, and related parameters are provided on a geographically fixed, swath-aligned 2x2 km2 grid (Basic, Expert, Windwave). The sea surface height data are also provided on a finer 250x250 m2 "native" grid with minimal smoothing applied (Unsmoothed). <br>
This dataset is the parent collection to the following sub-collections: <br>
https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SWOT_L2_LR_SSH_Basic_2.0 <br>
https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SWOT_L2_LR_SSH_WindWave_2.0 <br>
https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SWOT_L2_LR_SSH_Expert_2.0 <br>
https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/SWOT_L2_LR_SSH_Unsmoothed_2.0 <br>

Tags: earth-science, ocean-waves, oceans, sea-surface-topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Laser frequency stabilization and stray light issues for LISA and other future multi-spacecraft missions Project

"The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a joint NASA/ESA project which will use laser interferometry between drag-free proof masses to measure gravitational waves from many galactic and cosmological sources. The same interferometer technology is also the key to future multi-spacecraft missions such as multi-aperture telescope missions. These missions could include several spacecraft all separated by potentially 10s of km, flying in a fixed formation with sub-wavelength variations in their distances. These multi-aperture or distributed aperture telescopes will revolutionize the angular resolution in the infrared, optical, and even X-ray band.  This proposal addresses two components which are both critical to these missions.

The first component introduces a new technique to stabilize the laser frequency to an optical reference cavity. Laser frequency noise will be the limiting factor for most of the distributed aperture telescope missions; in contrast, LISA can trade frequency noise against ranging precision. This new technique is based on heterodyne interferometry which is also used to measure changes in the distances between the spacecraft. Because of this similarity, this  technology can easily be integrated into the payload. It requires the same photo detectors and digital signal processing systems that are used for the interferometry. It utilizes to a large degree existing components, reducing R&amp;D time and cost for all interferometric space missions. We have already started initial proof of principle experiments and have reached already a performance remarkably close to the performance of the standard and long time-favored modulation/demodulation technique. Now we propose to study this technique in more detail, study the limiting noise sources experimentally and theoretically, and push it to the limitations of the reference cavity itself. The expected final fractional frequency noise should be better than 0.01ppt for measurement times of a 1000s. This

Tags: active, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-1 Interferograms - Unwrapped Phase (BETA)

Sentinel-1 SLC interferometric products generated by JPL using ISCE v2.0.0, delivered by ASF

Tags: biosphere, coastal-processes, earth-science, erosion-sedimentation, geomorphic-landforms-processes, land-surface, land-use-land-cover, landscape, oceans, solid-earth, tectonics, terrestrial-ecosystems, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Heat Capacity Mapping Mission (HCMM)

The mission was the first of a series of NASA Applications Explorer Missions and is also known as AEM-A. Day/night coverage over a given area occurred at intervals ranging from 12 to 36 hours with a 16 day repeat cycle.

The satellite was operational from April 1978 to September 1980. The initial orbit of 620 km was lowered to 540 km in February of 1980. Coverage includes parts of the United States, Canada, Europe, Africa, and Australia. The source data was transmitted to seven ground stations and stored on binary magnetic tape. The source data on tape is no longer readable and the only remaining set of HCMM data is on black and white film. Since the data could be of historical value for global change research, the images have been scanned at 1000 dpi (25 micron) making the data accessible to the scientific community. The collection includes approximately 47,000 scenes with a Hotine Oblique Mercator projection.

The Heat Capacity Mapping Mission Radiometer operated with two channels. The first detected visible to near infrared (0.5 – 1.1 micrometers) radiation and the second detected thermal infrared (10.5 – 12.5 micrometers) radiation. HCMM nomenclature refers to the visible to near infrared channel as Vis and the thermal infrared channel as IR. The scenes are designated as Day-Vis, Day-IR or Night-IR. 

A HCMM scene has a width of 715 km with a resolution of 500 meters for the visible channel and 600 meters for the thermal channel.

Tags: earth-science, erosion-sedimentation, geomorphic-landforms-processes, land-surface, land-use-land-cover, landscape, soils, surface-radiative-properties, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Scalable Distributed Change Detection from Astronomy Data Streams using Local, Asynchronous Eigen Monitoring Algorithms

This paper considers the problem of change detection using local
distributed eigen monitoring algorithms for next generation
of astronomy petascale data pipelines such as the Large Synoptic
Survey Telescopes (LSST). This telescope will take repeat images
of the night sky every 20 seconds, thereby generating 30 terabytes of calibrated imagery every night that will need to be coanalyzed with other astronomical data stored at different locations around the world. Change point detection and event classification in such data sets may provide useful insights to unique astronomical phenomenon displaying astrophysically significant variations: quasars, supernovae, variable stars, and potentially hazardous asteroids. However, performing such data mining tasks is a challenging problem for such high-throughput distributed data streams. In this paper we propose a highly scalable and distributed asynchronous algorithm for monitoring the principal components (PC) of such dynamic data streams. We demonstrate the algorithm on a large set of distributed astronomical data to accomplish well-known astronomy tasks such as measuring variations in the fundamental plane of
galaxy parameters. The proposed algorithm is provably correct (i.e. converges to the correct PCs without centralizing any data) and can seamlessly handle changes to the data or the network. Real experiments performed on Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) catalogue data show the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
OCO-2 Level 1A collated, parsed, calibration data V11.2 (OCO2_L1aIn_Pixel) at GES DISC

Version 11.2 is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11.2.

The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. The OCO-2 project uses the LEOStar-2 spacecraft that carries a single instrument. It incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers. The three spectrometers have different characteristics and are calibrated independently. Their raw data numbers (DN) are delivered correlated in time to the Level 1B process as Level 1A products. Each band has 1016 spectral elements, although some are masked out in the L2 retrieval.This product is the input to the Level 1B process. It is depacketized raw data formatted into a standard granularity with calibrated engineering data (for both science and calibration observations), in the Single-pixel Mode of operation.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-chemistry, earth-science, infrared-wavelengths, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TRMM Microwave Imager Precipitation Profile L3 1 month 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree V7 (TRMM_3A12) at GES DISC

The new equivalent for this dataset should be searched for as "GPM_3GPROFTRMMTMI_CLIM".

This product contains global monthly means of surface precipitation rate, rain rate, convective surface precipitation rate and 28 vertical layers of hydrometeor contents (cloud liquid water, rain water, cloud ice liquid water, snow liquid water, graupel liquid water and latent heating) on 0.5 x 0.5 degree grids.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-radiation, atmospheric-water-vapor, clouds, earth-science, precipitation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Simulation-based Design and Validation of Automated Contingency Management for Propulsion Systems

This paper introduces a novel Prognostics-enhanced Automated Contingency Management (or ACM+P) paradigm based on both current health state (diagnosis) and future health state estimates (prognosis) for advanced autonomous systems. Including prognostics in ACM system allows not only fault accommodation, but also fault mitigation via proper control actions based on short term prognosis, and moreover, the establishment of a long term operational plan that optimizes the
utility of the entire system based on long term prognostics. Technical challenges are identified and addressed by a hierarchical ACM+P architecture that allows fault accommodation and mitigation at various levels in the system ranging from component level control reconfiguration, system level control reconfiguration, to high level mission re-planning and resource redistribution. The ACM+P paradigm was developed and evaluated in a high fidelity Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) simulation environment with flight-proven baseline flight controller and simulated diagnostics and prognostics of flight control actuators. Simulation results are presented. The ACM+P concept, architecture and the generic methodologies presented in this paper are applicable to many advanced autonomous systems such as deep space probes, unmanned autonomous vehicles, and military and commercial aircraft.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-1 Interferograms - Coherence (BETA)

Sentinel-1 SLC interferometric products generated by JPL using ISCE v2.0.0, delivered by ASF

Tags: biosphere, coastal-processes, earth-science, erosion-sedimentation, geomorphic-landforms-processes, land-surface, land-use-land-cover, landscape, oceans, solid-earth, tectonics, terrestrial-ecosystems, topography
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-5 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 6.7 microns V001 (THIRN5L1CH67) at GES DISC

THIRN5L1CH67 is the Nimbus-5 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 6.7 microns product and contains radiances expressed in units of equivalent brightness temperature measured in the 6.7 micron channel. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT-THIR). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file.

The Nimbus-5 satellite was successfully launched on December 11, 1972. The THIR experiment on Nimbus-5 continued the measurements made by its predecessor flown on Nimbus-4. The THIR instrument is a two channel high resolution scanning radiometer designed to perform two major functions:* 11.5 micron channel provides both day and night cloud top or surface temperatures. The ground resolution at the sub-point is 8 km and operates day and night.* 6.7 micron channel gives information on the moisture content of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and the location of jet streams and frontal systems. The water vapor channel has a resolution of the sub-point is 22 km and operates mostly at night.

The THIR Principal Investigator was Andrew W. McCulloch from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The Nimbus-5 THIR data are available from December 19, 1972 (day of year 354) through August 26, 1974 (day of year 238). The THIRN5L1CH115 product contains the 11.5 micron channel data.

This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00167 (old ID 72-097A-08D).

Tags: earth-science, infrared-wavelengths, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration