AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Violence Against Police:  Baltimore County, Maryland, 1984-1986

This data collection examines individual and situational
 characteristics of nonfatal assaults on police officers in the
 Baltimore County Police Department. In the assault data, variables
 include: (1) information on the officer such as age, race, sex, height,
 weight, education, rank, assignment, years of experience, weapon, and
 injury sustained, (2) information on the offender(s) such as age, race,
 sex, height, weight, weapon, injury sustained, and arrest status, and
 (3) information on the actual situation and incident itself, such as
 type of call anticipated, type of call encountered, type of location,
 numbers of persons present (by role, e.g., assaulter, nonassaulter,
 complainant, etc.), type of initial officer action, actions of suspect
 before assault, sobriety/drug use by suspects, and final disposition.
 The calls for service data were collected to provide an indication of
 the frequency of various types of calls. In these data, variables
 include time of call, initial call category, disposition code, and
sheet ID.

Tags: assaults-on-police, offenders, police-officers, police-response
Organization: Department of Justice
Effects of "United States vs. Leon" on Police Search Warrant Practices, 1984-1985

This data collection examines the impact of the Supreme
Court decision in "UNITED STATES VS. LEON" on police search warrant
applications in seven jurisdictions. For this collection, which is one
of the few data collections currently available for the study of
warrant activities, data were gathered from search warrant applications
filed during a three-month period before the Leon decision and three
months after it. Each warrant application can be tracked through the
criminal justice system to its disposition. The file contains variables
on the contents of the warrant such as rank of applicant, specific area
of search, offense type, material sought, basis of evidence, status of
informants, and reference to good faith. Additional variables concern
the results of the warrant application and include items such as
materials seized, arrest made, cases charged by prosecutor, type of
attorney, whether a motion to suppress the warrant was filed, outcomes
of motions, appeal status, and number of arrestees.

Tags: criminal-justice-system, disposition-legal, search-warrants, supreme-court-decisions, united-states-supreme-court
Organization: Department of Justice
Crime Stoppers:  A National Evaluation of Program Operations and Effects, [United States], 1984

The goal of this data collection was to answer three basic
questions about the Crime Stoppers (CS) program, a program encouraging
citizen involvement in averting crime and apprehending suspects. First,
how does Crime Stoppers work in theory and in practice? Second, what
are the opinions and attitudes of program participants toward the Crime
Stoppers program? Third, how do various components of the program such
as rewards, anonymity, use of informants, and media participation
affect criminal justice outcome measures such as citizen calls and
arrests? This collection marks the first attempt to examine the
operational procedures and effectiveness of Crime Stoppers programs in
the United States. Police coordinators and board chairs of local Crime
Stoppers programs described their perceptions of and attitudes toward
the Crime Stoppers program. The Police Coordinator File includes
variables such as the police coordinator's background and experience,
program development and support, everyday operations and procedures,
outcome statistics on citizen calls (suspects arrested, property
recovered, and suspects prosecuted), reward setting and distribution,
and program relations with media, law enforcement, and the board of
directors. Also available in this file are data on citizen calls
received by the program, the program's arrests and clearances, and the
program's effects on investigation procedure. The merged file contains
data from police coordinators and from Crime Stoppers board members.
Other variables include city population, percent of households living
in poverty, percent of white population, number of Uniform Crime
Reports (UCR) Part I crimes involved, membership and performance of the
board, fund raising methods, and ratings of the program.

Tags: arrests, attitudes, community-involvement, community-policing, crime-prevention, crime-stoppers-programs, criminal-investigations, criminal-justice-system, police, program-evaluation
Organization: Department of Justice
National Survey of Field Training Programs for Police Officers, 1985-1986

This national survey of field training programs for police 
 officers contains data gathered from state and local criminal justice 
 agencies regarding the format of their programs, costs of programs, 
 impact on civil liability suits, and other complaints. Topics covered 
 include length of time since the implementation of the program, reasons 
 for initiating the program, objectives of the program, evaluation 
 criteria and characteristics of the program, and number of dismissals 
 based on performance in field training programs. Other topics deal with 
 hours of classroom training, characteristics of field service training 
 officers, and incentives for pursuing this position. Topics pertaining 
 to agency evaluation include impact of program on the number of civil 
 liability complaints, number of successful equal employment opportunity 
 complaints, presence of alternative training such as with a senior 
 officer, and additional classroom training during probation when there 
is no field training program.

Tags: evaluation, law-enforcement-agencies, police-officers, police-training, programs
Organization: Department of Justice
Effects of Foot Patrol Policing in Boston, 1977-1985

This collection evaluates the impact of a new foot patrol 
 plan, implemented by the Boston Police Department, on incidents of 
 crime and neighborhood disturbances. Part 1 contains information on 
 service calls by types of criminal offenses such as murder, rape, 
 aggravated assault, simple assault, robbery, larceny, burglary, and 
 auto theft. It also contains data on types of community disturbances 
 such as noisy party, gang, or minor disturbance and response priority 
 of the incidents. Response priorities are classified according to a 
 four-level scale: Priority 1: emergency calls including crimes in 
 progress, high risk or personal injury, and medical emergencies, 
 Priority 2: calls of intermediate urgency, Priority 3: calls not 
 requiring immediate response, Priority 4: calls of undetermined 
 priority. Parts 2 and 3 include information about patrol time used in 
 each of the three daily shifts during the pre- and post-intervention 
 periods. Part 4 presents information similar to Parts 2 and 3 but the 
data span a longer period of time--approximately seven years.

Tags: assault, auto-theft, burglary, civil-disorders, crime, foot-patrol, larceny, murder, neighborhoods, police-departments, police-patrol, police-response, rape
Organization: Department of Justice
Police Performance and Case Attrition in Los Angeles County, 1980-1981

The purpose of this data collection was to investigate the
effects of crime rates, city characteristics, and police departments'
financial resources on felony case attrition rates in 28 cities located
in Los Angeles County, California. Demographic data for this collection
were obtained from the 1983 COUNTY AND CITY DATA BOOK. Arrest data were
collected directly from the 1980 and 1981 CALIFORNIA OFFENDER BASED
TRANSACTION STATISTICS (OBTS) data files maintained by the California
Bureau of Criminal Statistics. City demographic variables include total
population, minority population, population aged 65 years or older,
number of female-headed families, number of index crimes, number of
families below the poverty level, city expenditures, and police
expenditures. City arrest data include information on number of arrests
disposed and number of males, females, blacks, and whites arrested.
Also included are data on the number of cases released by police,
denied by prosecutors, and acquitted, and data on the number of
convicted cases given prison terms.

Tags: cities, crime-rates, felony-offenses, police-departments, police-performance, population-characteristics
Organization: Department of Justice
Adult Criminal Careers in New York, 1972-1983

This data collection was designed to estimate the extent and 
 variation of individual offending by crime type, race, age, and prior 
 criminal record. Included in this collection are the criminal records 
 of individuals aged 16 years or older who were arrested in the state of 
 New York. Two separate data files are supplied. Part 1 contains data on 
 all adults arrested in New York from 1972 to 1976 for rape, murder, 
 robbery, aggravated assault, or burglary. Part 2 includes data on all 
 adults arrested for larceny or auto theft in Albany and Erie counties. 
 Variables include items such as sex, race, age, number of prior 
 arrests, date and place of arrest, arrest charged, number of multiple 
counts, court disposition of charges, and type and length of sentence.

Tags: adult-offenders, assault, auto-theft, burglary, career-criminals, criminal-histories, larceny, murder, offenders, rape, robbery
Organization: Department of Justice
Gang Involvement in "Rock" Cocaine Trafficking in Los Angeles, 1984-1985

The purpose of this data collection was to investigate the
possible increase in gang involvement within cocaine and "rock"
cocaine trafficking. Investigators also examined the relationships
among gangs, cocaine trafficking, and increasing levels of violence.
They attempted to determine the effects of increased gang involvement
in cocaine distribution in terms of the location of an incident, the
demographic profiles of suspects, and the level of firearm use. They
also looked at issues such as whether the connection between gangs and
cocaine trafficking yielded more drug-related violence, how the
connection between gangs and cocaine trafficking affected police
investigative processes such as intra-organizational communication and
the use of special enforcement technologies, what kinds of working
relationships were established between narcotics units and gang
control units, and what the characteristics were of the rock
trafficking and rock house technologies of the dealers. Part 1 (Sales
Arrest Incident Data File) contains data for the cocaine sales arrest
incidents. Part 2 (Single Incident Participant Data File) contains
data for participants of the cocaine sales arrest incidents. Part 3
(Single Incident Participant Prior Arrest Data File) contains data for
the prior arrests of the participants in the cocaine arrest
incidents. Part 4 (Multiple Event Incident Data File) contains data
for multiple event incidents. Part 5 (Multiple Event Arrest Incident
Data File) contains data for arrest events in the multiple event
incidents. Part 6 (Multiple Event Incident Participant Data File)
contains data for the participants of the arrest events. Part 7
(Multiple Event Incident Prior Arrest Data File) contains data for the
prior arrest history of the multiple event participants. Part 8
(Homicide Incident Data File) contains data for homicide
incidents. Part 9 (Homicide Incident Suspect/Victim Data File)
contains data for the suspects and victims of the homicide
incidents. Major variables characterizing the various units of
observation include evidence of gang involvement, presence of drugs,
presence of a rock house, presence of firearms or other weapons,
presence of violence, amount of cash taken as evidence, prior arrests,
and law enforcement techniques.

Tags: cocaine, criminal-investigations, drug-related-crimes, drug-traffic, gangs, law-enforcement, police-departments, violence
Organization: Department of Justice
Victims' Needs and Victim Services, 1988-1989: Evanston, Rochester, Pima County, and Fayette County

This data collection examines the needs of burglary, 
 robbery, and assault victims and the responses of local victim 
 assistance programs to those needs in four metropolitan areas: 
 Evanston, Illinois, Rochester, New York, Pima County, Arizona, and 
 Fayette County, Kentucky. Four issues were explored in detail: the 
 needs of victims, where they seek help, the kinds of help they receive, 
 and which of their problems do and do not get resolved. Variables 
 include (1) demographic information such as city of residence, length 
 of residence, birth date, marital status, race, work status, education, 
 and income, (2) information on the crime itself, such as type of crime, 
 when the crime happened, and details of the attack and attacker, and 
 (3) consequences of the crime, such as problems encountered as a result 
 of the crime, emotional responses to the crime, and reactions to the 
crime on a practical level.

Tags: assault, burglary, needs-assessment, robbery, victim-services, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Police Documentation of Drunk Driving Arrests, 1984-1987:  Los Angeles, Denver, and Boston

These data measure the effects of blood alcohol content
coupled with officer reports at the time of arrest on driving while
intoxicated (DWI) case outcomes (jury verdicts and guilty
pleas). Court records and relevant police reports for drunk-driving
cases drawn from the greater metropolitan areas of Boston, Denver, and
Los Angeles were compiled to produce this data collection. Cases were
selected to include roughly equal proportions of guilty pleas, guilty
verdicts, and not-guilty verdicts. DWI cases were compared on the
quality and quantity of evidence concerning the suspect's behavior,
with the evidence coming from any mention of 20 standard visual
detection cues prior to the stop, 13 attributes of general appearance
and behavior immediately after the stop, and the results of as many as
7 field sobriety tests. Questions concerned driving-under-the-influence
cues (scoring sheet), observed traffic violations and actual traffic
accidents, the verdict, DWI history, whether the stop resulted from
an accident, whether the attorney was public or private, and sanctions
that followed the verdict. Also included were demographic questions on
age, sex, and ethnicity.

Tags: arrests, court-cases, driving-under-the-influence, pleas, verdicts
Organization: Department of Justice
Community Policing in Baltimore, 1986-1987

This data collection was designed to investigate the
effects of foot patrol and ombudsman policing on perceptions of the
incidence of crime and community policing practices in Baltimore,
Maryland. Data collected at Wave 1 measured perceptions of crime and
community policing practices before the two new policing programs were
introduced. Follow-up data for Wave 2 were collected approximately one
year later and were designed to measure the effects of the new
policing practices. Included in the data collection instrument were
questions on the perceived incidence of various crimes, police
effectiveness and presence, disorder, property and personal crime and
the likelihood of crime in general, feelings of safety, crime
avoidance behaviors and the use of crime prevention devices, cohesion
and satisfaction with neighborhoods, and awareness of victimization
and victimization history. The instrument also included demographic
questions on employment, education, race, and income.

Tags: community-policing, fear-of-crime, foot-patrol, police-community-relations, police-effectiveness
Organization: Department of Justice
Evaluating a Driving While Intoxicated (DWI) Night Drug Court in Las Cruces, New Mexico, 1997-1998

The purpose of this study was twofold. First, researchers
 wanted to assess the benefits of the driving while intoxicated (DWI)
 drug court established in the Las Cruces, New Mexico, Municipal Court
 in an effort to determine its future viability. This was accomplished
 by examining the behaviors and attitudes of three groups of convicted
 drunk-drivers and determining the extent to which these groups were
 different or similar. The three groups included: (1) non-alcoholic
 first- and second-time offenders (non-alcoholic offenders), (2)
 alcoholic first- and second-time DWI offenders (alcoholic offenders),
 and (3) chronic three-time (or more) DWI offenders (chronic
 offenders). The second purpose of this study was to explore police
 officers' attitudes toward court-based treatment programs for DWI
 offenders, while examining the distinguishing characteristics between
 police officers who support court-based programs for drunk drivers and
 those who are less likely to support such sanctions. Data for Part 1,
 Drug Court Survey Data, were collected using a survey questionnaire
 distributed to non-alcoholic, alcoholic, and chronic offenders. Part 1
 variables include blood alcohol level, jail time, total number of
 prior arrests and convictions, the level of support from the
 respondents' family and friends, and whether the respondent thought
 DWI was wrong, could cause injury, or could ruin lives. Respondents
 were also asked whether they acted spontaneously in general, took
 risks, found trouble exciting, ever assaulted anyone, ever destroyed
 property, ever extorted money, ever sold or used drugs, thought lying
 or stealing was OK, ever stole a car, attempted breaking and entering,
 or had been a victim of extortion. Demographic variables for Part 1
 include the age, gender, race, and marital status of each
 respondent. Data for Part 2, Police Officer Survey Data, were
 collected using a survey questionnaire designed to capture what police
 officers knew about the DWI Drug Court, where they learned about it,
 and what factors accounted for their attitudes toward the program.
 Variables for Part 2 include police officers' responses to whether DWI
 court was effective, whether DWI laws were successful, the perceived
 effect of mandatory jail time versus treatment alone, major problems
 seen with DWI policies, if DWI was considered dangerous, and how the
 officer had learned or been briefed about the drug court. Other
 variables include the number of DWI arrests, and whether respondents
 believed that reforms weaken police power, that DWI caused more work
 for them, that citizens have bad attitudes, that the public has too
 many rights, and that stiffer penalties for DWI offenders were more
successful.

Tags: alcohol-abuse, arrest-records, arrests, convictions-law, courts, driving-under-the-influence, offenders, police-response, program-evaluation, treatment-programs
Organization: Department of Justice
Impact of Legislation to Prohibit 'Happy Hours' in Indiana, 1983-1986

This research program was undertaken in Indiana to evaluate 
 the effectiveness of legislation that prohibited "happy hours," the 
 sale of alcoholic beverages at reduced prices during specified times. 
 The happy hour ban sought to curb abusive drinking that can occur when 
 alcoholic beverages are served at significantly reduced prices for a 
 limited time only. The goal of the data collection was to determine 
 whether any reduction in automobile accidents could be attributed to 
 the ban on happy hours. Researchers used an interrupted time-series 
 design to observe trends over time. Data used in this evaluation were 
 extracted from the Accident Statistical Master Tapes for 1983 through 
 1986 for the state of Indiana, which include annual compilations of all 
 accidents. Variables measure the number of accidents during the 
 specified times. The first data file has as its unit of analysis weeks, 
 defined as beginning Monday and ending on Friday. The second data file 
has as its unit of analysis bi-weekly periods.

Tags: alcohol, alcohol-abuse, drinking-behavior, driving-under-the-influence, traffic-accidents
Organization: Department of Justice
Fraud Victimization Survey, 1990: [United States]

The fraud victimization survey was administered by telephone 
 to 400 respondents 18 years or older. Screener items were used to 
 determine whether respondents had been fraud victims. Respondents with 
 victimizations to report were administered the incident report items 
 for up to five fraud incidents. The collection contains two general 
 groups of variables: those pertaining to the individual respondent 
 (Part 1), and those pertaining to the fraud incident (Part 2). Personal 
 information includes basic demographic information (age, race, sex, 
 income) and information about experiences as a victim of crimes other 
 than fraud (robbery, assault, burglary, vehicle theft). Specific 
 questions about fraud victimization experiences distinguished among 
 twenty different types of fraud, including sales of misrepresented 
 products or services, nondelivery of promised work or services, various 
 types of confidence schemes, and fraud relating to credit cards, 
 charities, health products, insurance, investments, or prizes. For each 
 type of fraud the respondent had experienced, a series of questions was 
 asked covering the time, place, and circumstances of the incident, the 
 relationship of the respondent to the person attempting to defraud, the 
 response of the respondent and of other agencies and organizations to 
 the incident, and the financial, psychological, and physical 
consequences of the victimization experience.

Tags: fraud, victimization, victims
Organization: Department of Justice