AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Official Soil Series Descriptions (OSDs)

The Official Soil Series Descriptions (OSD) is a national collection of more than 20,000 detailed soil series descriptions, covering the United States, Territories, Commonwealths, and Island Nations served by USDA-NRCS. The descriptions, in a text format, serve as a national standard.

The soil series is the lowest category of the national soil classification system. The name of a soil series is the common reference term, used to name soil map units. Soil series are the most homogenous classes in the system of taxonomy. “Official Soil Series Descriptions” define specific soil series in the United States, Territories, Commonwealths, and Island Nations served by USDA-NRCS. They are descriptions of the taxa in the series category of the national system of soil classification. They serve mainly as specification for identifying and classifying soils. The descriptions contain soil properties that define the soil series, distinguish it from other soil series, serve as the basis for the placement of that soil series in the soil family, and provide a record of soil properties needed to prepare soil interpretations.

Tags: ncss, nrcs, osd, soil-survey, soils, usda
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Western Bark Beetle Strategy: Polygon (Feature Layer)

Depicts the area of activities to implement the Western Bark Beetle Strategy. Activities were self-reported by field units, and center around three main objectives: increasing safety to ensure that people and community infrastructure are protected from the hazards of falling bark beetle-killed trees and elevated wildfire potential, facilitating recovery to re-establish forests damaged by bark beetles, and cultivating resiliency to prevent or mitigate future bark beetle impacts. <a href='https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/meta/S_USA.Activity_WBBS_PL.xml' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>Metadata</a>

Tags: activities, beetle, environment, forest-management, fs, open-data, strategy, usfs, wbbs, western-bark
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Western Bark Beetle Strategy: Line (Feature Layer)

Depicts the area of activities to implement the Western Bark Beetle Strategy. Activities were self-reported by field units, and center around three main objectives: increasing safety to ensure that people and community infrastructure are protected from the hazards of falling bark beetle-killed trees and elevated wildfire potential, facilitating recovery to re-establish forests damaged by bark beetles, and cultivating resiliency to prevent or mitigate future bark beetle impacts. <a href='https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/edw_resources/meta/S_USA.Activity_WBBS_LN.xml' target='_blank' rel='nofollow ugc noopener noreferrer'>Metadata</a>

Tags: activities, beetle, environment, forest-management, fs, open-data, strategy, usfs, wbbs, western-bark
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Fireshed Registry: Fireshed (Feature Layer)

<div>The Fireshed Registry is a geospatial dashboard and decision tool built to organize information about wildfire transmission to buildings and monitor progress towards risk reduction for communities from management investments. The concept behind the Fireshed Registry is to identify and map the source of risk rather than what is at risk across all lands in the United States. While the Fireshed Registry was organized around mapping the source of fire risk to communities, the framework does not preclude the assessment of other resource management priorities and trends such as water, fish and aquatic or wildlife habitat, or recreation. The Fireshed Registry is also a multi-scale decision tool for quantifying, prioritizing, and geospatially displaying wildfire transmission to buildings in adjacent or nearby communities. Fireshed areas in the Fireshed Registry are approximately 250,000 acre accounting units that are delineated based on a smoothed building exposure map of the United States. These boundaries were created by dividing up the landscape into regular-sized units that represent similar source levels of community exposure to wildfire risk. Subfiresheds are approximately 25,000 acre accounting units nested within firesheds. Firesheds for the Conterminous U.S., Alaska, and Hawaii were generated in separate research efforts and are published in incremental versions in the Research Data Archive. They are combined here for ease of use.</div>

Tags: fire, fire-effects-on-environment, forest-management, geoscientificinformation, natural-resource-management-use, open-data, united-states, wildfire, wildfire-exposure, wildfire-management, wildfire-transmission, wildland-urban-interface
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Lands Area Statistics

This dataset fulfills a request from multiple regional units as an operational aid that provides an authoritative companion to the Land Areas Report sliced along multiple administrative and political boundaries. This dataset powers a dynamic and interactive dashboard called Forests by the Numbers. The Forests by the Numbers series is expected to continue with other assets (roads, waterways, recreation areas, etc) to act as a quick reference for internal operations and the public.  
This dataset covers National Forest System Lands including federally owned units of forest, range, and related land consisting of national forests, purchase units, national grasslands, land utilization project areas, experimental forest areas, experimental range areas, designated experimental areas, other land areas, water areas, and interests in lands that are administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service or designated for administration through the Forest Service. 
Each polygon is attributed with ownership (USDA Forest Service or Non-FS), wilderness status, Forest Service Administrative jurisdiction and geopolitical membership.

Tags: open-data
Organization: Department of Agriculture
PADUS FS Scenic and Conservation Easement Areas (Feature Layer)

An area depicting a type of special use authorization (usually granted for linear rights-of-way) that is utilized in those situations where a conveyance of a limited and transferable interest in NFS land is necessary or desirable to serve or facilitate authorized long-term uses, and that may be compensable according to its terms. This data is intended for read-only use. The PAD-US feature classes were developed by the Forest Service for submission to the Protected Areas Database of the United States (PAD-US). It is the official inventory of public parks and other protected open space. With more than 3 billion acres in 150,000 holdings, the spatial data in PAD-US represents public lands held in trust by thousands of national, State and regional/local governments, as well as non-profit conservation organizations. PAD-US is published by the U.S. Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program (GAP). GAP produces data and tools that help meet critical national challenges such as biodiversity, conservation, recreation, public health, climate change adaptation, and infrastructure investment.

Tags: alp-land-dataset, designation, easement, fee, land-status, nfs-lands, open-data, padus, proclamation, protected-areas-database, usda-forest-service
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Host associations of <i>Culicoides </i>biting midges in Northeastern Kansas, USA

<p dir="ltr"><i>Culicoides</i> biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous flies that transmit several viruses of veterinary concern to livestock. Understanding blood feeding behaviors is integral towards identification of putative vector species and preventing the transmission of these pathogens. PCR-based blood meal analysis was conducted on 440 blood-engorged <i>Culicoides</i> midges collected in northeastern Kansas, with 316 (71.8%) returning non-human vertebrate identifications at the ≥95% identity match level. Broadly, <i>Culicoides sonorensis</i>, <i>Culicoides stellifer</i>, and <i>Culicoides variipennis</i> were found to feed heavily on mammalian hosts, while <i>Culicoides crepuscularis</i> and <i>Culicoides haematopotus</i> fed on avian hosts. The blood meals in all specimens were graded prior to DNA extraction to determine whether blood meal size or digestion status significantly impacted the likelihood of a quality host match. Size had a significant impact on the likelihood of a quality match at grades 3–5, whereas digestion only significantly impacted outcomes at the most extreme grade. These vector–host dynamics have not previously been studied in <i>Culicoides</i> collected in Kansas, which represents a unique tallgrass prairie biome within the United States that is heavily interspersed with livestock operations. Based on these data, the highly abundant species <i>C. crepuscularis</i> and <i>C. haematopotus</i> are unlikely to be major vectors of mammalian viruses.</p>

Tags: blood-meal-analysis, blood-meal-digestion, blood-meal-size, culicoides, kansas
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Observed changes in agroclimate metrics relevant for specialty crop production in California

<p dir="ltr">This Data folder contains the MATLAB code, final product, tables used in Parker, L.E.; Zhang, N.; Abatzoglou, J.T.; Ostoja, S.M.; Pathak, T.B. Observed Changes in Agroclimate Metrics Relevant for Specialty Crop Production in California. <i>Agronomy </i><b>2022</b>, 1<i>2</i>, 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010205.</p><p dir="ltr"><br></p><ul><li><b>Data Source</b>: The primary data source for this study was the GridMET dataset, which provides high-resolution meteorological data across the contiguous United States.</li><li><b>Analytical Tools</b>: We employed MATLAB for all data processing and analysis, ensuring rigorous computational accuracy. The specific scripts and methodologies used are included within the dataset to facilitate replication.</li><li><b>Spatial Analysis</b>: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) were utilized to overlay crop cover data with climate metrics, allowing for a nuanced analysis of regional impacts. This includes shapefiles for California’s state and county boundaries, as well as specific agricultural regions.</li></ul><ul><li><b>Agroclimatic Metric Calculation</b>: Metrics such as growing degree days, frost days, and reference evapotranspiration were computed to assess climate trends and their agricultural impacts.</li><li><b>Trend Analysis</b>: We applied statistical techniques to identify significant changes and trends in climate metrics over the 40-year study period.</li></ul><ul><li>The collection and use of climatological data from the GridMET dataset comply with public data use agreements. No personally identifiable information (PII) or restricted environmental data were used in this study.</li></ul><p><br></p><p dir="ltr">This dataset encompasses a detailed analysis of agroclimate metrics relevant to specialty crop production in California over the period from 1981 to 2020. Using the GridMET meteorological dataset, we calculated 12 distinct agroclimatic metrics that are crucial for understanding the impact of climate variability on agricultural outputs.</p><p dir="ltr">This dataset is intended for researchers and policymakers interested in agricultural planning and climate adaptation strategies. It provides a valuable resource for developing sustainable agricultural practices in response to changing climatic conditions in California.</p>

Tags: agroclimatic-metrics, california-agricultural-activity, climate-change-impact, crop-production-forecasts, spatial-analysis, specialty-crop, sustainable-farming-practices
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data for: Variant filters using segregation information improve mapping of nectar-production genes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

<ul><li><b>Genotypic Data (VCFs):</b><ul><li>All VCF files contain imputed, biallelic SNPs derived from the same population but differ in the filtering strategies applied.</li><li><code>Approach1_...vcf.gz</code>: Filtered using hard thresholds (minQ ≥ 100, max Missing ≤ 0.75, MAF ≥ 0.05, inferred single copy).</li><li><code>Approach2_...vcf.gz</code>: Applies the same hard filters as Approach 1, with an additional Chi-Square filter (p-value ≤ 0.1).</li><li><code>Approach3_...vcf.gz</code>: Filtered using <i>only</i> a Chi-Square filter (p-value ≤ 0.1) on imputed, biallelic SNPs.</li></ul></li><li><b>Phenotypic Data (XLSX):</b><ul><li><code>nectar_phenotype.xlsx</code>: Contains phenotypic measurements for the population, including individual identifiers (<code>ID</code>) and nectar volume data (<code>nectar_mm_T</code>, <code>nectar_mm</code>).</li></ul></li></ul><p></p>

Tags: crop-genetics, data-management, genome-sequencing, genomic-techniques, sunflower
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Tillage and cropping effects on soil quality indicators in the northern Great Plains

<p dir="ltr">Cropping systems in the northern Great Plains must possess a resilient soil resource to be sustainable. Detecting the effects of management on soil properties in this region is challenging, frequently requiring the use of long-term experiments. A study was conducted to quantify the interactive effects of tillage, crop sequence, and cropping intensity on soil properties for two long-term cropping system experiments in the northern Great Plains. The experiments were established in 1984 and 1993 on the Area IV Soil Conservation Districts Cooperative Research Farm near Mandan, North Dakota USA. Soil physical, chemical, and biological properties considered as indicators of soil quality were evaluated in spring 2001 in both experiments. Samples were collected from the 0-30 cm depth in increments of 0-7.5, 7.5-15, and 15-30 cm using a step-down probe. As a contrast to treatments in the 1984 experiment, samples were collected from a nearby moderately grazed pasture with the same soil type. Soil samples were evaluated for soil bulk density, electrical conductivity, soil pH, soil nitrate-nitrogen, soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, particulate organic matter carbon and nitrogen, potentially mineralizable nitrogen, and microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen. Supplemental soil assessments of water-stable aggregation and infiltration rate were conducted in the 1984 experiment, while stover biomass production in the 1993 experiment complemented soils data. Laboratory methods followed accepted protocols. Particulate organic matter was measured with two methods. For the 1984 experiment, material retained on a 0.053 mm sieve was collected and analyzed by dry combustion for carbon and nitrogen content, while a weight loss-on-ignition method was used for 0.053–0.5 and 0.5–2.0 mm size fractions for the 1993 experiment. Data may be used to better understand soil property responses to crop rotation and tillage practices under rainfed conditions within a semiarid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Temvik, Wilton, Grassna, Linton, Mandan, and Williams.</p>

Tags: continuous-cropping, no-tillage, northern-great-plains, soil-quality-indicators
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: New Record of the Pavement Ant, <i>Tetramorium immigrans</i> (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in South Dakota with notes on its thermal tolerance and geographic distribution

<p dir="ltr">Data files for manuscript titled "New Record of the Pavement Ant, <i>Tetramorium immigrans</i> (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in South Dakota with Notes on its Thermal Tolerance and Geographic Distribution".</p><p dir="ltr">Excel file with 7 tabs: Metadata; CTmin, CTmax, Knock-down, Chill coma, Specimen data, Observation data</p><p dir="ltr">Data description: Raw data for county observations/museum collections and thermal traits of <i>Tetramorium immigrans</i>. The data for observations/museum collections were collated from >100 years of publicly available information on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and the Symbiota Collections of Arthropods Network (SCAN). Presence/absence values from these digital repositories were assigned to current county or county equivalent federal information processing system (FIPS) codes to create an updated distributional map. Thermal trait data that included critical thermal maximum and minimum, knock-down resistance, and chill coma recovery were empirically determined from specimens collected in Brookings, SD in 2022 and 2023. Methods for each assay are listed in the main text.</p><p dir="ltr">Abstract from paper: The pavement ant, <i>Tetramorium immigrans</i> Santschi, is an abundant and widespread species across large portions of the United States. Yet despite its current distribution in Northeastern, Midwestern, Pacific, and Western states, there is a surprising lack of records from the Great Plains. Here we present an updated county list of <i>T. immigrans</i> from museum collections and research grade observations (459 counties; ~15% of US counties), highlighting the first records from one Great Plains state—South Dakota. Observations on community science platforms since 2006 have undoubtedly increased the awareness of <i>T. immigrans</i> (+329 counties; ~72% of all county records), however we posit that such platforms may also highlight the dispersal limitations of this species into the less urban, colder Northern Great Plains states of Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming (~5% of 291 counties). As such, we offer novel information on <i>T. immigrans</i>’ thermal biology including measurements of critical thermal limits, knock-down resistance, and chill coma recovery. While <i>T. immigrans</i> can likely tolerate the warm summer temperatures found in South Dakota due to its heat tolerance hovering around 46 °C, its lower ability to tolerate cold winter conditions may be a possible mechanism for its limited dispersal.</p>

Tags: ants, community-science, distribution-record, introduced-species, museum-collections, thermal-biology
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Soil pH and Exchangeable Cation Responses to Tillage and Fertilizer in Dryland Cropping Systems

<p dir="ltr">Long-term deployment of dryland cropping systems can alter soil chemical properties in ways that lead to lower soil fertility. Few long-term experiments have investigated cropping intensity, tillage, and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil chemical properties in the northern Great Plains. Near-surface (0-7.6 cm) soil chemistry data were evaluated from two cropping systems (continuous cropping and crop-fallow), each split by tillage (no-, minimum, and conventional) and nitrogen rate (no/low, medium, high) treatments for 16 years. The experiment was established in 1984 on the Area IV Soil Conservation Districts Cooperative Research Farm near Mandan, North Dakota USA. Soil cores were collected in 1983 (prior to establishment of treatments) and again in 1999 from the surface 7.6-cm depth near the middle of each experimental plot using a hydraulic probe. Samples were dried, mechanically ground, and analyzed within 6 wk of collection. Soil pH was measured in a 1:1 soil/water mixture (by mass) with an ion-selective glass electrode. Exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, and Na) were estimated by atomic absorption spectrometry. Data may be used to better understand cropping, tillage, and nitrogen fertilization effects on soil pH and exchangeable cations under dryland conditions in a semiarid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Temvik, Wilton, Grassna, Linton, Mandan, and Williams.</p><p dir="ltr">Updated versions of two Excel files were uploaded on 5 February 2025 to remove extraneous information in the metadata tab. We apologize for the oversight.</p>

Tags: crop-rotation, dryland-cropping-systems, nitrogen-fertilization, northern-great-plains, soil-acidification, soil-ph, tillage-disturbance
Organization: Department of Agriculture
The Porcine Translational Research Database

<p>The data in the Porcine Translational Research Database is supported by >5800 references, and contains 65 data fields for each entry, including >9700 full length (5′ and 3′) unambiguous pig sequences, >2400 real time PCR assays and reactivity information on >1700 antibodies. It also contains gene and/or protein expression data for >2200 genes and identifies and corrects errors (gene duplications artifacts, mis-assemblies, mis-annotations, and incorrect species assignments) for >2,000 porcine genes. This database is the largest manually curated database for any single veterinary species and is unique among porcine gene databases in regard to linking gene expression to gene function, identifying related gene pathways, and connecting data with other porcine gene database. </p><div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: The Porcine Translational Research Database.</p> <p>File Name: Web Page, url: <a href="https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md/beltsville-human-nutrition-research-center/diet-genomics-and-immunology-laboratory/docs/dgil-porcine-translational-research-database/">https://www.ars.usda.gov/northeast-area/beltsville-md/beltsville-human-nutrition-research-center/diet-genomics-and-immunology-laboratory/docs/dgil-porcine-translational-research-database/</a> </p></li></ul><p></p>

Tags: ars, data-gov, np103, np107, online-database
Organization: Department of Agriculture
<b>Data from: Cover crop interseeding effects on aboveground biomass and corn grain yield in western North Dakota</b>

<p dir="ltr">Cover crops can provide many benefits, but the short growing season and variable weather in the northern Great Plains makes it difficult to include them in rainfed cropping systems. Relay intercropping - planting cover crops into standing grain crops - could be a way to successfully grow cover crops in this region. A 3-year study was conducted on the Area 4 SCD Cooperative Research Farm near Mandan, ND USA to determine the best time to intercrop cover crops in corn. Study treatments included a no cover crop control (CNTRL) and cover crops planted at advancing corn growth stages [1st planting = V4 (FIRST); 2nd planting = V6 (SECOND); 3rd planting = V8 (THIRD)]. Corn was planted in mid-May or early-June using locally adapted varieties at a population of 59,280 seeds/ha in 76 cm rows. Interseeded cover crops included a mixture of cereal rye (19.2 kg/ha), spring triticale (3.6 kg/ha), purple top turnip (2.4 kg/ha), and cowpea (21.2 kg/ha). Cover crops were interseeded into standing corn treatments in three 19-cm rows/intererrow. Aboveground cover crop and weed biomass was measured by clipping two representative 0.76 m2 interrow quadrats in each plot immediately before a killing frost. Collected biomass was oven dried and weighed. Cover crop and weed biomass was not separated during collection and processing. Corn grain was harvested by hand from two 1-m row lengths in each plot, oven-dried, threshed, and weighed. Data may be used to better understand cover crop interseeding effects on corn grain yield and aboveground biomass under rainfed conditions within a semiarid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Temvik, Wilton, Grassna, Linton, Mandan, and Williams.</p>

Tags: corn, cover-crops, interseeding, northern-plains, rainfed-system
Organization: Department of Agriculture