AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Identification of bacteria in drinking and purified water during the monitoring of a typical water purification system

Background
          A typical purification system that provides purified water which meets ionic and organic chemical standards, must be protected from microbial proliferation to minimize cross-contamination for use in cleaning and preparations in pharmaceutical industries and in health environments.
        
        
          Methodology
          Samples of water were taken directly from the public distribution water tank at twelve different stages of a typical purification system were analyzed for the identification of isolated bacteria. Two miniature kits were used: (i) identification system (api 20 NE, Bio-Mérieux) for non-enteric and non-fermenting gram-negative rods; and (ii) identification system (BBL crystal, Becton and Dickson) for enteric and non-fermenting gram-negative rods. The efficiency of the chemical sanitizers used in the stages of the system, over the isolated and identified bacteria in the sampling water, was evaluated by the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method.
        
        
          Results
          The 78 isolated colonies were identified as the following bacteria genera: Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium and Acinetobacter. According to the miniature kits used in the identification, there was a prevalence of isolation of P. aeruginosa 32.05%, P. picketti (Ralstonia picketti) 23.08%, P. vesiculares 12.82%,P. diminuta 11.54%, F. aureum 6.42%, P. fluorescens 5.13%, A. lwoffi 2.56%, P. putida 2.56%, P. alcaligenes 1.28%, P. paucimobilis 1.28%, and F. multivorum 1.28%.
        
        
          Conclusions
          We found that research was required for the identification of gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria, which were isolated from drinking water and water purification systems, since Pseudomonas genera represents opportunistic pathogens which disperse and adhere easily to surfaces, forming a biofilm which interferes with the cleaning and disinfection procedures in hospital and industrial environments.

Tags: bacterial-identification, gram-negative-bacteria, nih, water-purification, water-quality
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparison of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 NSDUH Population Percentages (50 States and the District of Columbia)

Comparison of 2012-2013 and 2013-2014 NSDUH Population Percentages (50 States and the District of Columbia)

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, state-level-data, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Gastroenteritis outbreaks associated with Norwalk-like viruses and their investigation by nested RT-PCR

Background
          Norwalk-like viruses are the most common cause of gastroenteritis outbreaks and sporadic cases of vomiting and diarrhoea. In healthy individuals infection is often mild and short-lived but in debilitated patients infection can be severe. It is essential that the virus laboratory can offer a sensitive and specific test, delivered in a timely manner.
        
        
          Methods
          We have developed a nested reverse transcriptase PCR based on published primers against the RNA polymerase gene and after comparison with electronmicroscopy used the assay to investigate 31 outbreaks of gastroenteritis. These were in diverse situations including nursing homes, small district hospitals, large general hospitals, a ferry ship, hotels, restaurants and staff canteens.
        
        
          Results
          A positive diagnosis was made in 30/31 outbreaks investigated giving an overall outbreak positive detection rate of 97%. At an individual patient level there was a positive diagnostic rate of 11.5% in a large hospital environment to 100% in smaller outbreak situations. The average patient positive rate was 34%. In addition we investigated 532 control faecal specimens from adults. Of these 530 were negative and 2 were repeatedly positive.
        
        
          Conclusions
          It is essential that insensitive electronmicroscopy is replaced with the more sensitive reverse transcription PCR assays. These tests should be made available "on call" at weekends and public holidays. It is also important that outbreaks of NLV infection are monitored using sensitive RT-PCR assays so that the laboratory information can be used in ascertaining the spread and duration of the outbreak

Tags: gastroenteritis-outbreaks, nih, norwalk-like-viruses, rt-pcr-detection, viral-gastroenteritis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
California (CA)

This report presents estimates for measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided for California for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: ami-smi-mde, california-survey, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Texas

This is the 2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Texas. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, texas
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Screening of the

Background
          Intronic DNA sequences of the canine arrestin (SAG) gene was screened to identify potential disease causing mutations in dogs with generalized progressive retinal atrophy (gPRA). The intronic sequences flanking each of the 16 exons were obtained from clones of a canine genomic library.
        
        
          Results
          Using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and DNA sequence analyses we screened affected and unaffected dogs of 23 breeds with presumed autosomal recessively (ar) transmitted gPRA. In the coding region of the SAG gene 12 nucleotide exchanges were identified, 5 of which lead to amino acid substitutions (H14C; A111V; A113T; D259T; A379E). 7 other exonic substitutions represent silent polymorphisms (C132C; Q199Q; H225H; V247V; P264P; T288T and L293L). 16 additional sequence variations were observed in intronic regions of different dog breeds.
        
        
          Conclusions
          In several breeds, these polymorphisms were found in homozygous state in unaffected and in heterozygous state in affected animals. Consequently these informative substitutions provide evidence to exclude mutations in the SAG gene as causing retinal degeneration in 14 of the 23 dog breeds with presumed ar transmitted gPRA.

Tags: arrestin-gene, canine-genetics, gene-screening, nih, retinal-atrophy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
TEDS State Instruction Manual - Combined Data

This document is the State Instruction Manual for reporting combined admission and discharge data to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS), including the National Outcomes Measures (NOMS) data elements.

Tags: mental-health-services, national-outcomes-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-episode-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Specific immunotherapy in Albanian patients with anaphylaxis to hymenoptera venoms

Background
          Severe allergic reactions during rush-specific immunotherapy (Rush-SIT) may occur in the treatment of hymenoptera sting allergy. The objective of the present study was to examine the characteristics of allergic reactions during Rush-SIT in a cohort of patients with allergy towards hymenoptera venom in the mediterranean population of Albania.
        
        
          Methods
          A retrospective study was performed using the clinical reports of 37 patients with venom of bee (apinae), wasp (vespidae, subfamily vespinae) or paperwasp (vespidae, subfamily polistinae) allergy treated with Rush-SIT between 1987 and 1996. After hymenoptera sting allergy diagnosis according to anamnesis and intracutaneous tests the patient were treated with Rush-SIT. The protocol lasted 3 – 4 d with an increase in the concentration from 0.01 μg/ml to 100 μg/ml. Anaphylactic reactions were classified according to the Mueller-classification.
        
        
          Results
          The frequency of reactions during Rush-SIT for bee-venom was 4.7% and for wasp-venom was 1.5% (p < 0.01). The mean frequency of reactions of Mueller grade II for the bee-venom Rush-SIT patients during the first 4 d (= 26 injections) was 0.73 and for the wasp-venom Rush-SIT patients 0.15. No patient experienced a third-degree reaction. 94.6% of the patient supported an end dose of 100 μg.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Rush-SIT is a reliable method for the treatment of anaphylactic reactions to hymenoptera venom even in less developed countries. Bee-venom Rush-SIT was found to cause higher numbers allergic reactions than wasp or paperwasp Rush-SIT.

Tags: anaphylaxis, hymenoptera-allergy, nih, rush-immunotherapy, venom-allergy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Flowcytometry – A rapid tool to correlate functional activities of human peripheral blood lymphocytes with their corresponding phenotypes after

Background
          While dealing with mixed in vitro lymphocyte cultures one is faced with the problem of relative contributions of different populations to the activity being studied. This is especially true in the controversy relating to the contributions of lymphocyte sub-populations to the Lymphokine Activated Killer (LAK) phenomenon. Flowcytometry can be used to highlight relative contributions of lymphocyte subpopulations towards LAK activity without resorting to difficult purification strategies. We set up long-term in vitro lymphocyte cultures, stimulated them with cytokines IL-2/IL-12, recorded their phenotypic changes and cytotoxic activity against U-937 tumor targets.
        
        
          Results
          The results indicated that natural killer cells (NK) constituted the predominant proliferating cell population in the cytokine stimulatedcultures. Flowcytometric evidence revealed that CD56+ T cells contributed little to LAK activity against U937 target cells as compared to cells with NK phenotype which were predominantly responsible for spontaneous killing of the tumor targets. The two cytokines, IL-2 and IL-12, had an additive effect on cell proliferation and spontaneous cytotoxicity.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Flowcytometry can be used to rapidly delineate phenotypic changes in immune cells after stimulation and simultaneously correlate them with corresponding functional activity. This approach may find application as a initial screening tool for studying different types of cells in mixed cultures and their respective activities under stimulatory / inhibitory conditions.

Tags: flow-cytometry, lak-activity, lymphocyte-subsets, nih, nk-cells
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Androgen and retinoic acid interaction in LNCaP cells, effects on cell proliferation and expression of retinoic acid receptors and epidermal growth factor receptor

Background
          Modulation of the expression of retinoic acid receptors (RAR) α and γ in adult rat prostate by testosterone (T) suggests that RAR signaling events might mediate some of the androgen effects on prostate cells.
        
        
          Method
          In this study, we examined the interactions between T and retinoic acid (RA) in cell growth of human prostate carcinoma cells, LNCaP, and their relationship with the expression of RAR and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R).
        
        
          Results
          Both T and RA, when administered alone, stimulated 3H-thymidine incorporation in LNCaP cells in a dose-dependent manner; the effect of each agent was reciprocally attenuated by the other agent. Testosterone treatment of LNCaP cells also resulted in dose dependent, biphasic increases in RAR α and γ mRNAs; increases paralleled that of 3H-thymidine incorporation and were attenuated by the presence of 100 nM RA. These results suggest a link between RAR signaling and the effect of T on LNCaP cell growth. Gel electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed the presence of putative androgen responsive element (ARE) in the promoter region of RAR α gene, suggesting that a direct AR-DNA interaction might mediate the effects of T on RAR α gene. Furthermore, treatment of LNCaP cells with 20 nM T resulted in an increase in EGF-R. In contrast, EGF-R was suppressed by 100 nM RA that also suppressed the effect of T.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Current results demonstrate interactions between T and RA in the expression of RARs and cell growth in LNCaP cells. The presence of putative ARE in the promoter of the RAR α gene suggests that AR-DNA interaction might mediate the effects of T on RAR α gene. The opposite effects of T and RA on the expression of RAR and EGF-R suggest that signal events of these receptors might be involved in the interaction between T and RA in the control of LNCaP cell growth.

Tags: androgen-receptor, lncap-cells, nih, prostate-cancer, retinoic-acid
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A transcriptional response to Wnt protein in human embryonic carcinoma cells

Background
          Wnt signaling is implicated in many developmental decisions, including stem cell control, as well as in cancer. There are relatively few target genes known of the Wnt pathway.
        
        
          Results
          We have identified target genes of Wnt signaling using microarray technology and human embryonic carcinoma cells stimulated with active Wnt protein. The ~50 genes upregulated early after Wnt addition include the previously known Wnt targets Cyclin D1, MYC, ID2 and βTRCP. The newly identified targets, which include MSX1, MSX2, Nucleophosmin, Follistatin, TLE/Groucho, Ubc4/5E2, CBP/P300, Frizzled and REST/NRSF, have important implications for understanding the roles of Wnts in development and cancer. The protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide blocks induction by Wnt, consistent with a requirement for newly synthesized β-catenin protein prior to target gene activation. The promoters of nearly all the target genes we identified have putative TCF binding sites, and we show that the TCF binding site is required for induction of Follistatin. Several of the target genes have a cooperative response to a combination of Wnt and BMP.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Wnt signaling activates genes that promote stem cell fate and inhibit cellular differentiation and regulates a remarkable number of genes involved in its own signaling system.

Tags: embryonic-carcinoma, gene-expression, nih, target-genes, wnt-signaling
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Receipt of Services for Substance Use and Mental Health Issues among Adults: Results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health

This report presents data from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) for substance use treatment, and data from the 2002 through 2015 NSDUHs for mental health service use among adults aged 18 or older. Estimates for the receipt of substance use treatment (i.e., treatment for problems related to the use of alcohol or illicit drugs) are presented for young adults aged 18 to 25 and for adults aged 26 or older.  Estimates for mental health service use are shown for young adults, adults aged 26 to 49, and those aged 50 or older. Where trends for mental health service use are presented, the report focuses on long-term trends by comparing estimates from the 2015 NSDUH with comparable estimates from 2002 to 2014 (or from 2008 to 2014 for selected estimates). Statistically significant differences are noted between estimates in 2015 and those in prior years. Trends for substance use treatment and other related estimates are not reported because of methodological changes in 2015.

Tags: adult-mental-health, mental-health-services, nsduh-survey, samhsa, substance-use-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Drug Reference Vocabulary

The Drug Reference Vocabulary (DRV) is a classification system for all the substances collected by DAWN (drug-related emergency department visits and drug-related deaths investigated by partcipating medical examiners/coroners).  This Excel file includes brand, drug, and category names and codes for  illicit drugs, prescription and over-the-counter pharmaceuticals, inhalants and alcohol.  It is derived from the Multum Lexicon, © 2012 Lexi-Comp, Inc. and/or Cerner Multum, Inc. The classification was modified to meet DAWN\'s unique requirements.The Multum Licensing Agreement governing use of the Lexicon can be found on the SAMHSA site athttps://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/MultumLicenseAgreement/….

Tags: dawn-data, drug-classification, drug-vocabulary, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2010 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Federated States of Micronesia

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2010. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, micronesia, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2010 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for North Dakota

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2010. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, north-dakota, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Arkansas: 2011-2012 NSDUH

This report presents Arkansas\'s estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2011 and 2012 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: arkansas-nsduh, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, suicidal-ideation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A comparison of the illness beliefs of people with angina and their peers: a questionnaire study

Background
          What people believe about their illness may affect how they cope with it. It has been suggested that such beliefs stem from those commonly held within society . This study compared the beliefs held by people with angina, regarding causation and coping in angina, with the beliefs of their friends who do not suffer from angina.
        
        
          Methods
          Postal survey using the York Angina Beliefs Questionnaire (version 1), which elicits stress attributions and misconceived beliefs about causation and coping. This was administered to 164 people with angina and their non-cohabiting friends matched for age and sex. 132 people with angina and 94 friends completed the questionnaire.
        
        
          Results
          Peers are more likely than people with angina to believe that angina is caused by a worn out heart (p < 0.01), angina is a small heart attack (p = 0.02), and that it causes permanent damage to the heart (p < 0.001). Peers were also more likely to believe that people with angina should take life easy (p < 0.01) and avoid exercise (p = 0.04) and excitement (p < 0.01).
        
        
          Conclusions
          The beliefs of the peer group about causation and coping in angina run counter to professional advice. Over time this may contribute to a reduction in patient concordance with risk factor reduction, and may help to create cardiac invalids.

Tags: angina-pectoris, illness-beliefs, nih, patient-perception, york-angina-beliefs-questionnaire
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
State-level Comparisons of Mental Health Issues from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS)

This report compares state-level mental health prevalence estimates generated from the 2008 to 2014 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs) with estimates of similar measures from the 2006 to 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). It also describes the methodologies of these two surveys, such as survey mode and questionnaire design, and discusses how methodological differences may have contributed to differences in estimates.

Tags: mental-health-prevalence, nsduh-brfss-comparison, samhsa, state-level-mental-health, survey-methodology
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Maine

2014 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Maine. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, maine, mental-health-services, noms, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services