AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Estimating the Flow of Methamphetamine and Other Synthetic Drugs from Quebec, Canada, 1999-2009


These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.


In this study, researchers used capture-recapture sampling and multiple data sources to gauge the impact of drug trafficking in Quebec, Canada on the United States drug market. The main analyses were based on arrest data that were obtained for Quebec. In addition, analysis of the chemical composition and price assessments of the Quebec synthetic drugs was done.


The study includes one SPSS data file (Quebec Arrest Data (Synthetic Drugs Cases, September 2014; n=20261)-ICPSR.sav ; n=20,261 ; 13 variables) and one Excel data file (Chemical composition of seized synthetic drugs.xls ; n=365 ; 14 variables).


Spatial analyses of border seizure data was performed by the researchers, but these data are not available at this time.  The data used for these analyses concerned synthetic drug seizures at Canadian borders from 2007 to 2012. The dataset was provided by the Canadian Border Services Agency (CBSA). For each seizure, the specific border crossing where the seizure was made was provided, as well as the value of the seizure (except for precursors), the country of origin and the type of drug seized. The types of drugs were classified into five types: (1) Precursors, (2) MDMA, (3) Amphetamine, (4) Methamphetamine and (5) Others. Most of the seizures (86.6 percent) were classified in this last category. The country of origin of the seizure was also provided.


Tags: amphetamines, drug-law-offenses, drug-offenders, drug-traffic, drugs, methamphetamine, stimulants
Organization: Department of Justice
Exploring Elder Financial Exploitation Victimization: Identifying Unique Risk Profiles and Factors to Enhance Detection, Prevention and Intervention, Texas 2009-2014

These data are part of NACJD's Fast Track Release and are distributed as they were received from the data depositor. The files have been zipped by NACJD for release, but not checked or processed except for the removal of direct identifiers. Users should refer to the accompanying readme file for a brief description of the files available with this collection and consult the investigator(s) if further information is needed.
This study explores the victim level, perpetrator level and community level variables associated with Adult Protective Services Substantiated Financial Exploitation in Older Adults. The aims of the study were to identify factors that differentiate financial exploitation from other forms of elder abuse as well as differentiate pure financial exploitation from hybrid financial exploitation.

Tags: abuse, adult-care-services, aging-population, crime, exploitation, financial-management, offenders, protective-custody, victimization
Organization: Department of Justice
Crime Changes in Baltimore, 1970-1994

These data were collected to examine the relationships
among crime rates, residents' attitudes, physical deterioration, and
neighborhood structure in selected urban Baltimore neighborhoods. The
data collection provides both block- and individual-level neighborhood
data for two time periods, 1981-1982 and 1994. The block-level files
(Parts 1-6) include information about physical conditions, land use,
people counts, and crime rates. Parts 1-3, the block assessment files,
contain researchers' observations of street layout, traffic, housing
type, and general upkeep of the neighborhoods. Part 1, Block
Assessments, 1981 and 1994, contains the researchers' observations of
sampled blocks in 1981, plus selected variables from Part 3 that
correspond to items observed in 1981. Nonsampled blocks (in Part 2)
are areas where block assessments were done, but no interviews were
conducted. The "people counts" file (Part 4) is an actual count of
people seen by the researchers on the sampled blocks in 1994.
Variables for this file include the number, gender, and approximate
age of the people seen and the types of activities they were engaged
in during the assessment. Part 5, Land Use Inventory for Sampled
Blocks, 1994, is composed of variables describing the types of
buildings in the neighborhood and their physical condition. Part 6,
Crime Rates and Census Data for All Baltimore Neighborhoods,
1970-1992, includes crime rates from the Baltimore Police Department
for aggravated assault, burglary, homicide, larceny, auto theft, rape,
and robbery for 1970-1992, and census information from the 1970, 1980,
and 1990 United States Censuses on the composition of the housing
units and the age, gender, race, education, employment, and income of
residents. The individual-level files (Parts 7-9) contain data from
interviews with neighborhood leaders, as well as telephone surveys of
residents. Part 7, Interviews with Neighborhood Leaders, 1994,
includes assessments of the level of involvement in the community by
the organization to which the leader belongs and the types of
activities sponsored by the organization. The 1982 and 1994 surveys of
residents (Parts 8 and 9) asked respondents about different aspects of
their neighborhoods, such as physical appearance, problems, and crime
and safety issues, as well as the respondents' level of satisfaction
with and involvement in their neighborhoods. Demographic information
on respondents, such as household size, length of residence, marital
status, income, gender, and race, is also provided in this file.

Tags: attitudes, community-involvement, crime-rates, neighborhood-change, neighborhood-conditions, neighborhoods, urban-areas, urban-crime, urban-decline
Organization: Department of Justice
Impact of Neighborhood Structure, Crime, and Physical Deterioration on Residents and Business Personnel in Minneapolis-St.Paul, 1970-1982

This study is a secondary analysis of CRIME, FEAR, AND
CONTROL IN NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL CENTERS: MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL,
1970-1982 (ICPSR 8167), which was designed to explore the relationship
between small commercial centers and their surrounding
neighborhoods. Some variables from the original study were recoded and
new variables were created in order to examine the impact of community
structure, crime, physical deterioration, and other signs of
incivility on residents' and merchants' cognitive and emotional
responses to disorder. This revised collection sought to measure
separately the contextual and individual determinants of commitment to
locale, informal social control, responses to crime, and fear of
crime. Contextual determinants included housing, business, and
neighborhood characteristics, as well as crime data on robbery,
burglary, assault, rape, personal theft, and shoplifting and measures
of pedestrian activity in the commercial centers. Individual variables
were constructed from interviews with business leaders and surveys of
residents to measure victimization, fear of crime, and attitudes
toward businesses and neighborhoods. Part 1, Area Data, contains
housing, neighborhood, and resident characteristics. Variables include
the age and value of homes, types of businesses, amount of litter and
graffiti, traffic patterns, demographics of residents such as race and
marital status from the 1970 and 1980 Censuses, and crime data. Many
of the variables are Z-scores. Part 2, Pedestrian Activity Data,
describes pedestrians in the small commercial centers and their
activities on the day of observation. Variables include primary
activity, business establishment visited, and demographics such as
age, sex, and race of the pedestrians. Part 3, Business Interview
Data, includes employment, business, neighborhood, and attitudinal
information. Variables include type of business, length of employment,
number of employees, location, hours, operating costs, quality of
neighborhood, transportation, crime, labor supply, views about police,
experiences with victimization, fear of strangers, and security
measures. Part 4, Resident Survey Data, includes measures of
commitment to the neighborhood, fear of crime, attitudes toward local
businesses, perceived neighborhood incivilities, and police
contact. There are also demographic variables, such as sex, ethnicity,
age, employment, education, and income.

Tags: attitudes, businesses, commercial-districts, crime, fear-of-crime, neighborhood-characteristics, neighborhood-conditions, neighborhoods, victimization
Organization: Department of Justice
Impact of Constitutional and Statutory Protection on Crime Victims' Rights in Four States in the United States, 1995

This survey of crime victims was undertaken to determine
 whether state constitutional amendments and other legal measures
 designed to protect crime victims' rights had been effective. It was
 designed to test the hypothesis that the strength of legal protection
 for victims' rights has a measurable impact on how victims are treated
 by the criminal justice system and on their perceptions of the
 system. A related hypothesis was that victims from states with strong
 legal protection would have more favorable experiences and greater
 satisfaction with the system than those from states where legal
 protection is weak. The Victim Survey (Parts 1, 4-7) collected
 information on when and where the crime occurred, characteristics of
 the perpetrators, use of force, police response, victim services, type
 of information given to the victim by the criminal justice system, the
 victim's level of participation in the criminal justice system, how
 the case ended, sentencing and restitution, the victim's satisfaction
 with the criminal justice system, and the effects of the crime on the
 victim. Demographic variables in the file include age, race, sex,
 education, employment, and income. In addition to the victim survey,
 criminal justice and victim assistance professionals at the state and
 local levels were surveyed because these professionals affect crime
 victims' ability to recover from and cope with the aftermath of the
 offense and the stress of participation in the criminal justice
 system. The Survey of State Officials (Parts 2 and 8) collected data
 on officials' opinions of the criminal justice system, level of
 funding for the agency, types of victims' rights provided by the
 state, how victims' rights provisions had changed the criminal justice
 system, advantages and disadvantages of such legislation, and
 recommendations for future legislation. The Survey of Local Officials
 (Parts 3 and 9) collected data on officials' opinions of the criminal
 justice system, level of funding, victims' rights to information about
 and participation in the criminal justice process, victim impact
statements, and restitution.

Tags: constitutional-amendments, criminal-justice-system, process-evaluation, victim-rights, victim-safety, victim-services, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Longitudinal Study of Criminal Career Patterns of Former California Youth Authority Wards, 1965-1984

This study was designed to measure changes that occur in
 criminal behavior as offenders move through life. It investigated the
 patterns of criminal behavior that occurred over ten to fifteen years
 for men whose early criminal involvement was serious enough to result
 in commitment to California Youth Authority (state-level)
 institutions. The main focus of the study was on changes in criminal
 behavior as these men moved through their 20s and into their 30s. This
 study extended and expanded the follow-up data for the study EARLY
 IDENTIFICATION OF THE CHRONIC OFFENDER, [1978-1980: CALIFORNIA] (ICPSR
 8226). Half of the sample from the earlier study was used in the
 present study, along with smaller samples of adult offenders with no
 history of state-level commitments as juveniles. These data allow for
 analyses of adult patterns of criminal behavior and the relationship
 of the patterns to various explanatory variables. Part 1, Offense
 Data, contains arrest information covering the period after parole
 from the California Youth Authority through the date of data
 collection. Variables include entry and release dates to jail,
 prison, or probation, the most serious offense and charge, total
 number of offenses for violent, property, and all crimes, and dates of
 arrest, offense codes, and number of counts for all arrests.
 These arrest data incorporate the arrest data contained in EARLY
 IDENTIFICATION OF THE CHRONIC OFFENDER, [1978-1980: CALIFORNIA]
 (ICPSR 8226) for all California Youth Authority cases in the current
 study. Part 2,
 Arrest Data by Age and Year, contains counts of arrest charges by type
 of offense (violent or nonviolent) and by age and calendar year. Part
 3, Arrest Data for Specific Offenses, contains counts of more specific
 arrest charges for four-year age blocks (from 18 through 30-plus) for
 21 types of offenses, including murder, assault, rape, robbery,
 burglary, theft, forgery, arson, and drug possession. Variables
 include months of street time, months of incarceration, and total
 arrests. Part 4, Prison and Probation Data, contains information on
 prison or probation terms and arrest and lifestyle characteristics for
 the year immediately prior to and following jail or prison. Variables
 include family criminal history, family life, education, entry and
 release dates, offenses, treatment and training while incarcerated,
 gang affiliation, psychological evaluation, drug use, employment
 history, and marital status. Part 5, Social History Data, contains
 lifestyle characteristics by age and year. Variables include drug and
 alcohol use, marital status, living arrangements, and employment
history. All files contain age and race variables.

Tags: arrest-records, career-criminals, crime-patterns, criminal-histories, criminality, male-offenders, recidivism
Organization: Department of Justice
Survey on Street Disorder in Large Municipalities in the United States, 1994-1996

The objective of this survey was to provide city officials
 and police with information on how to carry out street disorder
 enforcement strategies within the constitutional guidelines
 established by the courts. To that end, a survey of 512 municipal
 police departments was conducted in the spring of 1996. The agencies
 were asked to supply data for the current year as well as for 1994 and
 1995. Information was collected on the existence of particular street
 disorder ordinances, when such ordinances were passed, the number of
 citations and arrests resulting from each ordinance, and whether the
 ordinances were challenged in court. Data covered the following types
 of street disorder: panhandling, open containers of alcohol, public
 intoxication, disorderly conduct, sleeping in public places,
 unregulated day labor solicitation, vending, dumpster diving, camping
 in public, and juvenile curfews. Departments were also asked about
 their written policies regarding certain types of street
 disorder. Other departmental information includes location, number of
personnel, and population of jurisdiction.

Tags: arrests, cities, civil-disorders, disorderly-conduct, law-enforcement, police-departments, police-officers, police-response, policies-and-procedures
Organization: Department of Justice
Communication of Innovation in Policing in the United States, 1996

These data were collected to examine the patterns of
 communication among police planners in the United States. The focus
 was on information-sharing, in which police planners and others
 contact other law enforcement agencies directly to gather the
 information they need to manage their departments. This study
 examined this informal network and its role in the dissemination of
 police research. The Police Communication Network Survey was mailed
 to the chief executives of 517 local departments and all 49 state
 police and highway patrol organizations in March 1996. The chief was
 asked to forward the questionnaire to the commander of the
 department's planning and research unit. Questions covered the agency
 most frequently contacted, how frequently this agency was contacted,
 mode of communication used most often, why this agency was contacted,
 and the agency most likely contacted on topics such as domestic
 violence, deadly force, gangs, community policing, problem-oriented
 policing, drug enforcement strategies, civil liability, labor
 relations, personnel administration, accreditation, and police traffic
 services. Information was also elicited on the number of times
 different law enforcement agencies contacted the respondent's agency
 in the past year, the percentage of time devoted to responding to
 requests for information from other agencies, and the amount of
 training the respondent and the staff received on the logic of social
 research, research design, statistics, operations research,
 cost-benefit analysis, evaluation research, and computing. Demographic
 variables include respondent's agency name, position, rank, number of
 years of police experience, number of years in the planning and
research unit, and highest degree attained.

Tags: communication, law-enforcement-agencies, management, police-departments, police-response
Organization: Department of Justice
Effects of Community Policing on Tasks of Street-Level Police Officers in Ohio, 1981 and 1996

These data were collected to analyze the impact of
 community-oriented policing (COP) on job assignments of police
 officers in Ohio. The study compared the self-reported job tasks of
 police officers in 1981 to those in 1996 to determine if job tasks had
 changed over time, if they differed between officers in departments
 pursuing community policing, or if they differed between officers
 assigned as "community policing" officers and those having more
 traditional assignments. The 1981 Ohio Peace Officer Task Analysis
 Survey was conducted to measure police officer tasks. A total of 1,989
 police officers from over 300 Ohio police agencies responded to that
 survey. Recognizing that community policing had not yet begun to enjoy
 popularity when the first sample of officers was questioned in 1981
 and that the job of policing and the training needs of peace officers
 had changed over the past 15 years, the Ohio Office of Criminal
 Justice Services again conducted a task analysis survey of a sample of
 police officers throughout the state in 1996. The 1996 survey
 instrument included 23 items taken directly from the earlier
 survey. These 23 items are the only variables from the 1981 survey
 that are included in this dataset, and they form the basis of the
 study's comparisons. A total of 1,689 officers from 229 police
 departments responded to the 1996 survey. Additionally, while the 1996
 Peace Officer Task Analysis survey was in the field, the local police
 agencies included in the survey sample were asked to complete a
 separate agency survey to determine if they had a community policing
 program. A total of 180 departments returned responses to this agency
 survey. Background questions for the 1981 and 1996 task analysis
 surveys included police officers' age, race, sex, and job
 satisfaction. Items concerning police officers' job tasks covered
 frequency of conducting field searches of arrested persons,
 handcuffing suspects, impounding property, participating in raids,
 patrolling on foot, giving street directions, mediating family
 disputes, and engaging in school visits. The 1996 agency questionnaire
 gathered data on whether the police department had a COP program or a
 mission statement that emphasized community involvement, whether the
 COP program had an actual implementation date and a full-time
 supervisor, whether the respondents were currently assigned as COP
 officers, and whether the department's COP officers had had
supplemental training.

Tags: community-policing, police-community-relations, police-departments, police-effectiveness, police-officers, police-patrol, program-evaluation
Organization: Department of Justice
Impacts of Specific Incivilities on Responses to Crime and Local Commitment, 1979-1994: [Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Seattle]

This data collection was designed to test the
"incivilities thesis": that incivilities such as extant neighborhood
physical conditions of disrepair or abandonment and troubling street
behaviors contribute to residents' concerns for personal safety and
their desire to leave their neighborhood. The collection examines
between-individual versus between-neighborhood and between-city
differences with respect to fear of crime and neighborhood commitment
and also explores whether some perceived incivilities are more
relevant to these outcomes than others. The data represent a secondary
analysis of five ICPSR collections: (1) CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH AND
LOW CRIME NEIGHBORHOODS IN ATLANTA, 1980 (ICPSR 7951), (2) CRIME
CHANGES IN BALTIMORE, 1970-1994 (ICPSR 2352), (3) CITIZEN
PARTICIPATION AND COMMUNITY CRIME PREVENTION, 1979: CHICAGO
METROPOLITAN AREA SURVEY (ICPSR 8086), (4) CRIME, FEAR, AND CONTROL IN
NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL CENTERS: MINNEAPOLIS AND ST. PAUL, 1970-1982
(ICPSR 8167), and (5) TESTING THEORIES OF CRIMINALITY AND
VICTIMIZATION IN SEATTLE, 1960-1990 (ICPSR 9741). Part 1, Survey Data,
is an individual-level file that contains measures of residents' fear
of victimization, avoidance of dangerous places, self-protection,
neighborhood satisfaction, perceived incivilities (presence of litter,
abandoned buildings, vandalism, and teens congregating), and
demographic variables such as sex, age, and education. Part 2,
Neighborhood Data, contains crime data and demographic variables from
Part 1 aggregated to the neighborhood level, including percentage of
the neighborhood that was African-American, gender percentages,
average age and educational attainment of residents, average household
size and length of residence, and information on home ownership.

Tags: fear-of-crime, neighborhood-conditions, public-interest, relocation, urban-areas, urban-crime, urban-decline, victimization
Organization: Department of Justice