AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
METOP-B AVHRR Top-of-Atmosphere Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg. CMG

The Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) produces, validates, and distributes a global land surface climate data record (CDR) that uses both mature and well-tested algorithms in concert with the best-available polar-orbiting satellite data from past to the present. The CDR is critically important to studying global climate change. The LTDR project is unique in that it serves as a bridge that connects data derived from the NOAA Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the EOS Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS missions. The LTDR draws from the following eight AVHRR missions: NOAA-7, NOAA-9, NOAA-11, NOAA-14, NOAA-16, NOAA-18, NOAA-19, and MetOp-B. Currently, the project generates a daily surface reflectance product as the fundamental climate data record (FCDR) and derives daily Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Leaf-Area Index/fraction of absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/fPAR) as two thematic CDRs (TCDR). LAI/fPAR was developed as an experimental product. The METOP-B AVHRR Top-of-Atmosphere Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05 Deg CMG, short-name M1_AVH02C1 is generated from GIMMS Advanced Processing System (GAPS) BRDF-corrected Surface Reflectance product (AVH01C1). The M1_AVH02C1 consist of Top-of-atmosphere reflectance for bands 1 and 2, data Quality flags, angles (solar zenith, view zenith, and relative azimuth), thermal data (thermal bands 3, 4 and 5), and additional data (scan time).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance-top-of-atmosphere-toa-reflectance, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MetOp-C ASCAT Level 2 Ocean Surface Wind Vectors Optimized for Coastal Ocean

This dataset contains operational near-real-time Level 2 coastal ocean surface wind vector retrievals from the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) on MetOp-C at 12.5 km sampling resolution (note: the effective resolution is 25 km). It is a product of the European Organization for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) Ocean and Sea Ice Satellite Application Facility (OSI SAF) provided through the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI). This coastal dataset differs from the standard 12.5 and 25 km datasets in that it utilizes a spatial box filter (rather than the Hamming filter) to generate a spatial average of the Sigma-0 retrievals from the Level 1B dataset; all full resolution Sigma-0 retrievals within a 15 km radius of the wind vector cell centroid are used in the averaging. Since the full resolution L1B Sigma-0 retrievals are used, all non-sea retrievals are discarded prior to the Sigma-0 averaging. Each box average Sigma-0 is then used to compute the wind vector cell using the same CMOD7.n geophysical model function as in the standard OSI SAF ASCAT wind vector datasets. With this enhanced coastal retrieval, winds can be computed as close to ~15 km from the coast. Each file is provided in netCDF version 3 format, and contains one full orbit derived from 3-minute orbit granules. Latency is approximately 2 hours from the latest measurement. The beginning of the orbit is defined by the first wind vector cell measurement within the first 3-minute orbit granule that starts north of the Equator in the ascending node. ASCAT is a C-band dual swath fan beam radar scatterometer providing two independent swaths of backscatter retrievals in sun-synchronous polar orbit aboard the MetOp-C platform. For more information on the MetOp-C mission, please visit: https://www.eumetsat.int/our-satellites/metop-series . For more timely announcements, users are encouraged to register with the KNMI scatterometer email list: scat@knmi.nl. Users are also highly advised to check the dataset user guide periodically for updates and new information on known problems and issues. All intellectual property rights of the OSI SAF products belong to EUMETSAT. The use of these products is granted to every interested user, free of charge. If you wish to use these products, EUMETSAT's copyright credit must be shown by displaying the words "copyright (year) EUMETSAT" on each of the products used.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-ocean-surface-wind-vectors
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Microwave Atmospheric Sounder on Cubesat (MASC) CPEX V1

The Microwave Atmospheric Sounder on Cubesat (MASC) CPEX dataset contains products obtained from the MASC instrument onboard the DC-8 aircraft. These data were collected in support of the NASA Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX) field campaign. The CPEX field campaign took place in the North Atlantic-Gulf of America-Caribbean Sea region from 25 May-25 June 2017. CPEX conducted a total of sixteen DC-8 missions from 27 May-24 June. The CPEX campaign collected data to help explain convective storm initiation, organization, growth, and dissipation in the North Atlantic-Gulf of America-Caribbean Oceanic region during the early summer of 2017. These data are available from May 27, 2017 through June 21, 2017 and are available in HDF-5 format.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-atmospheric-precipitation-indices
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Aerosol Climatology Product V001

MIANACP_1 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Aerosol Climatology Product version 1. It is 1) the microphysical and scattering characteristics of pure aerosol upon which routine retrievals are based, 2) mixtures of pure aerosol to be compared with MISR observations, and 3) the likelihood value assigned to each mode geographically. The ACP describes mixtures of up to three component aerosol types from a list of eight components in varying proportions. ACP component aerosol particle data quality depends on the ACP input data, which are based on aerosol particles described in the literature and consider MISR-specific sensitivity to particle size, single-scattering albedo, and shape, and shape - roughly: small, medium, and large; dirty and clean; spherical and nonspherical [Kahn et al., 1998; 2001]. Also reported in the ACP are the mixtures of these components used by the retrieval algorithm. The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Browse data V005

This is the browse data associated with a particular granule. MISBR_005 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Browse data version 5. It consists of Ellipsoid color images obtained by each camera resampled to 2. 2 km resolution. The MISR instrument consists of nine pushbroom cameras which measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR FIRSTLOOK radiometric camera-by-camera Cloud Mask V001

MIRCCMF_001 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) FIRSTLOOK radiometric camera-by-camera Cloud Mask (RCCM) version 1 data product. It was produced using ancillary inputs from the previous time period, such as Radiometric Camera-by-camera Cloud mask Threshold (RCCT). It is used to determine whether a scene is clear, cloudy, or dusty (over the ocean). Data collection for this product is ongoing. FIRSTLOOK processing uses the new time dependence of the Atmospheric and Surface Climatology (TASC) from the same month/previous year. The TASC data set now contains snow-ice and ocean surface wind speed values that are updated on a monthly basis. Therefore, these data sets cannot be generated until the end of the month. Products generated are distinguished by the presence of FIRSTLOOK in the file names. The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four cameras pointing forward, and four cameras pointing aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm. MISR is designed to view Earth with cameras in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, all nine cameras successfully imaged each piece of Earth's surface below in 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). MISR aims to improve our understanding of the effects of sunlight on Earth and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LIS/OTD 2.5 Degree Low Resolution Annual Diurnal Climatology (LRADC) V2.3.2015

The LIS/OTD 2.5 Degree Low Resolution Annual Dirunal Climatology (LRADC) contains a variety of gridded climatologies of total lightning flash rates obtained from two lightning detection sensors - the spaceborne Optical Transient Detector (OTD) on Orbview-1 and the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) onboard the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite. The long LIS (equatorward of about 38 degree) record makes the merged climatology most robust in the tropics and subtropics, while the high latitude data is entirely from OTD. The LRADC dataset include flash rate climatology data including scaled flash counts on a 2.5 degree grid in HDF and netCDF-4 format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-electricity-atmosphere-lightning, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere-lightning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Longwave Radiation Data: UNL (FIFE)

The Incoming Longwave Radiation Data from UNL Data Set was collected as part of a study of thermal radiant energy from vegetative canopies. These data were collected during the growing season of 1987 and 1989. The data measurements were made at 13 stations within 12 sitegrids scattered throughout the FIFE study area. Values for incoming longwave radiation were calculated using the radiometer chopper or detector temperature as a measure of air temperature. When determining surface temperatures from infrared thermometer measurements of the surface, the surface emissivity and the reflected component must be taken into account. The reflected component is dependent on the surface emissivity and the incoming longwave radiation.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-transmittance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Mean Annual Fluxes of Carbon in Coastal Ecosystems of Eastern North America

This dataset contains best estimates and uncertainties for mean annual fluxes of inorganic, organic, and total (organic + inorganic) carbon in tidal wetlands, estuaries and shelf waters of eastern North America, which is defined by the coastline running between the tip of the Scotian Peninsula (Canada) and the southern tip of Florida (USA). The data are provided on a per-unit-area basis and as spatially integrated values for each of the three ecosystem types (tidal wetlands, estuaries, and shelf waters) and the entire coastal ecosystem (tidal wetlands + estuaries + shelf waters) as well as for three geographic subregions (the Gulf of Maine, the Mid-Atlantic Bight, and the South Atlantic Bight) and the entire Eastern North America domain (Gulf of Maine + Mid-Atlantic Bight + South Atlantic Bight). The data include the net uptake from the atmosphere by the three ecosystems; burial in tidal wetland soils, estuarine sediments, and continental shelf sediments; riverine input from land to estuaries; and the net lateral advective transports from ecosystem to ecosystem. In addition, heterotrophic respiration (HR), net primary production (NPP), and net ecosystem production (NEP) estimates were computed for each ecosystem. The fluxes were derived using a variety of sources and are estimates for average conditions over the past decades from data covering roughly the period 1976-01-01 to 2017-12-31.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-marine-ecosystems-coastal, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-coastal-landforms-estuaries, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface-coastal-processes-sedimentation, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-respiration
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications - 3 (OSTA3) Carbon Monoxide 5 degree by 5 degree data

MAPS Overview The MAPS experiment measures the global distribution of carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios in the free troposphere. Because of MAPS' previous flights on board the Space Shuttle, Earth system scientists now know that carbon monoxide concentrations in the troposphere are highly variable around the planet, and that widespread burning in the South American Amazon Basin and southern cerrados, the African savannahs,and the Australian grasslands and ranches are major sources of carbon monoxide in the southern hemisphere and tropical troposphere.InstrumentThe MAPS instrument is based on a technique called gas filter radiometry. Thermal energy from the Earth passes through the atmosphere and enters the viewport of the downlooking MAPS instrument. Carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere produce unique absorption lines in the transmitted energy. The energy which enters the MAPS instrument is split into &amp; three beams. One beam passes through a cell containing CO and falls onto a detector. This CO gas cell acts as a filter for the effects of CO present in the middle troposphere. A second beam falls directly onto a detector without passing through any gas filter. The difference in the voltage of the signals from these two detectors can be used to determine the amount of CO present in the atmosphere at an altitude of 7-8 km. A third beam of the incident energy passes through a cell containing N2O and falls onto a detector. This N2O gas cell acts as a filter for the effects of N2O present in the atmosphere. The global distribution of N2O is well known, so the N2O signal can be used to detect the presence of clouds in the field of view and to correct the simultaneous CO measurement for systematic errors in the data. The data that are available from MAPS OSTA3 include a 5 by 5 degree gridded box (MAPS_OSTA3_5X5_HDF) and a second by second data product (MAPS_OSTA3_COSEC_HDF). These data sets are available from the Langley DAAC.

Tags: earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-carbon-monoxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrous-oxide
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Measurement of Air Pollution from Satellites (MAPS) Office of Space and Terrestrial Applications - 3 (OSTA3) Carbon Monoxide Second by Second data

MAPS Overview The MAPS experiment measures the global distribution of carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratios in the free troposphere. Because of MAPS' previous flights on board the Space Shuttle, Earth system scientists now know that carbon monoxide concentrations in the troposphere are highly variable around the planet, and that widespread burning in the South American Amazon Basin and southern cerrados, the African savannahs,and the Australian grasslands and ranches are major sources of carbon monoxide in the southern hemisphere and tropical troposphere.InstrumentThe MAPS instrument is based on a technique called gas filter radiometry. Thermal energy from the Earth passes through the atmosphere and enters the viewport of the downlooking MAPS instrument. Carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide (N2O) in the atmosphere produce unique absorption lines in the transmitted energy. The energy which enters the MAPS instrument is split into three beams. One beam passes through a cell containing CO and falls onto a detector. This CO gas cell acts as a filter for the effects of CO present in the middle troposphere. A second beam falls directly onto a detector without passing through any gas filter. The difference in the voltage of the signals from these two detectors can be used to determine the amount of CO present in the atmosphere at an altitude of 7-8 km. A third beam of the incident energy passes through a cell containing N2O and falls onto a detector. This N2O gas cell acts as a filter for the effects of N2O present in the atmosphere. The global distribution of N2O is well known, so the N2O signal can be used to detect the presence of clouds in the field of view and to correct the simultaneous CO measurement for systematic errors in the data.The data that are available from MAPS OSTA3 include a 5 by 5 degree gridded box (MAPS_OSTA3_5X5_HDF) and a second by second data product (MAPS_OSTA3_COSEC_HDF). These data sets are available from the Langley DAAC.

Tags: earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-carbon-monoxide, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-nitrogen-compounds-nitrous-oxide
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MASTER: Jornada and Sevilleta, Southwestern US, October, 2002, V2

This dataset includes Level 1B (L1B) data products from the MODIS/ASTER Airborne Simulator (MASTER) instrument. The spectral data were collected during nine flights aboard a DOE B-200 aircraft over Arizona, California, Nevada and New Mexico, U.S., on 2002-10-01 to 2002-10-08. Flights included coverage of the Jornada Experimental Range (JORNEX) in New Mexico. This deployment was coordinated by the U.S. Department of Energy's Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL) located at Nellis Air Force Base near Las Vegas, Nevada. Data products include L1B georeferenced multispectral imagery of calibrated radiance in 50 bands covering wavelengths of 0.460 to 12.879 micrometers at approximately 15-meter spatial resolution. The L1B file format is HDF-4. In addition, the dataset includes flight paths, spectral band information, instrument configuration, ancillary notes, and summary information for each flight, and browse images derived from each L1B data file.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-thermal-infrared, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Measurements during the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico (GOM)

Measurements made in the Gulf of Mexico in 2010 during the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Measurements from the Atlantic Ocean made by the University of Maryland (UMD)

Measurements from the Atlantic Ocean made by the University of Maryland between New England, Bermuda, and Brazil in 2003.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LPJ-EOSIM L2 Global Simulated Daily Wetland Methane Flux Low Latency V001

The Lund-Potsdam-Jena Earth Observation SIMulator (LPJ-EOSIM) model estimates global wetland methane (CH4) emissions using simulated wetland extent and characteristics including soil moisture, temperature, and carbon content. For this dataset, wetlands are defined as land areas that are either permanently or seasonally saturated, excluding small ponds, lakes, and coastal wetlands. These wetland CH4 flux data will be used to support the United States Greenhouse Gas Center ([GHGC](https://earth.gov/ghgcenter)) and its mission to study natural GHG fluxes. The model will also be used to facilitate improved rapid detection and attribution of climate-carbon feedback and help with strategic placement of measurement campaigns and monitoring systems as they relate to predicted biogeochemical hotspots. The LPJ-EOSIM Level 2 Global Simulated Daily Wetland Methane Flux Low Latency (LPJ_EOSIM_L2_DCH4E_LL) Version 1 data product provides simulated daily wetland CH4 flux globally at a spatial resolution of 0.5 degrees. The daily data are presented in four Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) files: two based on the forcing datasets Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications Version 2 (MERRA-2) and European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA5), and two containing the mean and standard deviation values. Due to the latency of global carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration estimates required for computation of LPJ-EOSIM simulated daily CH4 flux data products, low latency (LPJ_EOSIM_L2_DCH4E_LL) and high latency ([LPJ_EOSIM_L2_DCH4E](https://doi.org/10.5067/Community/LPJ-EOSIM/LPJ_EOSIM_L2_DCH4E.001)) collections are available. Low latency data are delivered on a two-month cadence throughout the year. Granules will also be updated as new CO2 input data become available. Please refer to Section 2.0.1 of the User Guide for a more detailed explanation of CO2 estimate inputs and timing for scheduled updates to the collections.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-methane
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Measurements made by the Akademik Ioffe Russian vessel

Measurements made by the Akademik Ioffe Russian vessel along a Atlantic Meridional Transect in 2001 to 2002.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration