AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
QuikSCAT Level 2B Ocean Wind Vectors in 12.5km Slice Composites Version 3

This dataset contains the latest reprocessed version 3 of the Level 2B science-quality ocean surface wind vector retrievals from the QuikSCAT scatterometer. The retrievals are provided on a non-uniform grid within the swath at 12.5 km pixel resolution. Higher resolution is achieved through a slice composite technique in which high resolution slice measurements from L1B data are composited into a 12.5 km wind vector cell. Version 3 processing begins with the same L1B (time-ordered backscatter) data as used in the previous processing. Version 3 has several improvements over the previous JPL processing of the QuikSCAT L2B winds: 1) changes to measurement binning, which was done in order to decrease noise and reduce gaps in the 12.5 km L2B wind retrievals, 2) an improved geophysical model function (GMF) to model the effect of wind on backscatter, 3) a neural network approach to correct rain contaminated winds speeds, 4) cross-track dependent wind speed biases were estimated and removed from the wind retrievals. The 12.5 km binning resolution enables users to obtain wind vector retrievals 10 km closer to shore when compared to the 25 km L2B dataset (only available in versions 1 and 2). More details to the processing changes and improvements are noted by Fore et al. (2014): PO.DAAC Drive at https://podaac-tools.jpl.nasa.gov/drive/files/allData/quikscat/L2B12/docs/fore_et_al_ieee_2014.pdf . Each L2B file corresponds to a specific orbital revolution (rev) number, which begins at the southernmost point of the ascending orbit. This is the official dataset produced by the QuikSCAT Project through the SeaWinds Processing and Analysis Center (SeaPAC). The Version 3 User Guide document is accessible from https://archive.podaac.earthdata.nasa.gov/podaac-ops-cumulus-docs/quikscat/open/L2B12/docs/qscat_l2b_v3_ug_v1_0.pdf.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-ocean-surface-wind-vectors
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
QuikSCAT Scatterometer Inter-Calibrated ESDR Level 2 Ocean Surface Equivalent Neutral Wind Vectors and Wind Stress Vectors Version 1.1

This dataset contains ocean surface wind vectors (equivalent neutral and true 10m) and wind stress vectors derived from satellite-based scatterometer observations aboard QuikScat, representing the first science quality release of these data (post-provisional after v1.0) funded under the MEaAUREs program. This product from QuikScat has been intercalibrated with similar scatterometer measurements from instruments on the MetOp-A, MetOp-B, and ScatSat-1 satellites (all of which can be found on the MEaSUREs OSVW Project Page), and if used together create an unbroken record of winds from 1999 to 2022. The wind vector and stress retrievals are provided on a non-uniform grid within the swath (Level 2 (L2) products) at 12.5 km pixel resolution. Each L2 file corresponds to a specific orbital revolution number, which begins at the southernmost point of the ascending orbit. The thumbnail shows data for two orbits - using all orbits for a single day will provide global coverage. <br><br> The dataset represents the first science quality release funded under the MEaSUREs (Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments) program. Version 1.1 provides a set of updates and improvements from version 1.0, including: 1) increased data coverage, 2) improved quality control, and 3) new global metadata attributes featuring revolution number, equator crossing longitude, and equator crossing time (UTC). The primary purpose of this release is for science evaluation by the NASA International Ocean Vector Winds Science Team (IOVWST).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-ocean-surface-wind-vectors, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-stress, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-velocity-speed
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
QuikSCAT ESDR Level 2 Ancillary Ocean Surface Fields Version 1.1

This dataset contains model output interpolated in space and time to the ESDR product from the scatterometer on the QuikSCAT satellite, representing the first science quality release of these data (post-provisional after v1.0) funded under the MEaAUREs program. These auxiliary fields are included to complement the scatterometer observations, specifically for the QUIKSCAT_ESDR_L2_WIND_STRESS_V1.1 dataset.. Model variables include: i) ocean surface wind fields from ERA-5 short-term forecast (removed from the analyses times to reduce impacts from assimilated scatterometer retrievals at the beginning of the forecast); ii) estimations of precipitation from the GPM IMERG product; iii) estimation of the surface currents from the GlobCurrent project. The modeled ocean surface auxiliary fields are provided on a non-uniform grid within the native L2 QuikSCAT sampled locations at a nominal 12.5 km pixel resolution. Each file corresponds to a specific orbital revolution (rev) number, which begins at the southernmost point of the ascending orbit. The thumbnail shows data for two orbits - using all orbits for a single day will provide global coverage. <br><br> Version 1.1 provides a set of updates and improvements from version 1.0, including: 1) improved variable metadata, 2) removed the GlobCurrent stokes drift variables, and 3) provided data source metadata including DOIs for the ERA-5, IMERGE, and GlobCurrent data sources. The primary purpose of this release is for science evaluation by the NASA International Ocean Vector Winds Science Team (IOVWST).

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-planetary-boundary-layer-height, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity-relative-humid, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-ocean-circulation-oceans-ocean-currents, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-ocean-surface-wind-vectors, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-stress, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-rate
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Plumes and Blooms

The Plumes and Blooms program is a joint collaboration among UCSB faculty, student and staff researchers at the Institute of Computational Earth System Science (ICESS), NOAA researchers at the Coastal Services Center (Charleston, SC) and the NOAA sanctuary managers of the Channel Islands National Marine Sanctuary (CINMS). Since August, 1996, monthly research cruises have been conducted to collect measurements. These measurements include temperature and salinity, ocean color spectra, and water column profiles of red light transmission and chlorophyll fluorescence (indexes of suspended particulate load and phytoplankton abundance). The transect observations begin at the shelf waters north of Santa Rosa island and end at an area off Goleta Point. These repeat observations are combined with satellite imagery to build a time-series of the changing ocean color conditions in the Santa Barbara Channel.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Quicklook Arctic Weekly EASE-Grid Sea Ice Motion Vectors, Version 1

This data set is the quicklook version of the Polar Pathfinder Daily 25 km EASE-Grid Sea Ice Motion Vectors product (https://nsidc.org/data/nsidc-0116). It contains weekly sea ice motion vectors, as well as browse images representing the weekly data. Weekly sea ice motion vectors are derived from near-real-time SSMI/S data sets, IABP buoys, and NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis forecasts.

Tags: earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-sea-ice-motion
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Quality Controlled Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on International Space Station (ISS) Science Data V2

The Quality Controlled Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on International Space Station (ISS) Science Data dataset was collected by the LIS instrument mounted on the ISS and are used to detect the distribution and variability of total lightning occurring in the Earth’s tropical and subtropical regions. This dataset consists of quality controlled science data. This data collection can be used for severe storm detection and analysis, as well as for lightning-atmosphere interaction studies. The LIS instrument makes measurements during both day and night with high detection efficiency. The data are available in both HDF-4 and netCDF-4 formats, with corresponding browse images in GIF format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-electricity-atmosphere-lightning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PICO Mooring data for the SPURS-1 N. Atlantic field campaign

The SPURS (Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study) project is an oceanographic process study and associated field program that aim to elucidate key mechanisms responsible for near-surface salinity variations in the oceans. The project involves two field campaigns and a series of cruises in regions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans exhibiting salinity extremes. SPURS employs a suite of state-of-the-art in-situ sampling technologies that, combined with remotely sensed salinity fields from the Aquarius/SAC-D and SMOS satellites, provide a detailed characterization of salinity structure over a continuum of spatio-temporal scales. The SPURS-1 campaign involved a series of 5 cruises during 2012 - 2013 seeking to characterize the salinity structure and balance in a high salinity, high evaporation, and low rainfall region of the subtropical North Atlantic. It aims to resolve processes responsible for maintaining the subtropical surface salinity maximum in this region and within a 900 x 800-mile square study area centered at 25N, 38W. Two PICO moorings (PICO-1000, PICO-3000) were deployed on the Knorr cruise in September 2012 in the northern and eastern SPURS-1 domain quadrants at N24.74, W37.95 and N24.51, W37.81 respectively. The moorings contained a surface meteorological package and a "prawler", a CTD that crawls up and down the mooring line from the near-surface down to about 500m, yielding time series of salinity and temperature profile data at fixed locations. The moorings were recovered on the Endeavor-2 cruise. PICO mooring netCDF files contain georeferenced CTD profile data including salinity, temperature, potential temperature, pressure, depth, meteorological variables, GPS-Lat/Lon, and profile ID.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-temperature-profiles-none, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-salinity-none
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
OCO-2 Level 2 spatially ordered geolocated retrievals screened using the A-band Preprocessor, Retrospective Processing V11r (OCO2_L2_ABand) at GES DISC

Version 11r is the current version of the data set. Older versions will no longer be available and are superseded by Version 11r. The Orbiting Carbon Observatory is the first NASA mission designed to collect space-based measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide with the precision, resolution, and coverage needed to characterize the processes controlling its buildup in the atmosphere. The OCO-2 project uses the LEOStar-2 spacecraft that carries a single instrument. It incorporates three high-resolution spectrometers that make coincident measurements of reflected sunlight in the near-infrared CO2 near 1.61 and 2.06 micrometers and in molecular oxygen (O2) A-Band at 0.76 micrometers.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PROVE Land Cover and Leaf Area of Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico, 1997

Field measurement of shrubland ecological properties is important for both site monitoring and validation of remote-sensing information. During the NASA Earth Observing System Prototype Validation Exercise (PROVE) at the Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico, on May 20-30, 1997, we calculated plot-level plant area index, leaf area index, total fractional cover, and green fractional cover with data from four instruments: (1) a Dycam Agricultural Digital Camera (ADC), (2) a LI-COR LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer, (3) a Decagon sunfleck ceptometer, and (4) a laser altimeter. Estimates from the LAI-2000 and ceptometer were very similar (plant area index 0.3, leaf area index 0.22, total fractional cover 0.19, green fractional cover 0.14), but the ADC produced values 5 to 10% higher. Laser altimeter values, depending on the height cutoff used to establish total fractional cover, were either higher or lower than the other instruments' values: a 10-cm cutoff produced values approximately 80% higher, whereas a 20-cm cutoff produced values approximately 30% lower.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PROVE MQUALS Reflectance at Jornada Experimental Range, New Mexico, 1997

This study utilized low flying, aircraft-based radiometers for optical characterization of top-of-the-canopy reflectance at Jornada Experimental Range in New Mexico during the Prototype Validation Experiment (PROVE) in May 1997. MQUALS refers to a light aircraft radiometric package for MODLAND Quick Airborne Looks (MQUALS). The objective was to examine the usefulness of low-flying aircraft for Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) validation of land products. This project was the responsibility of the MODIS Land (MODLAND) validation group. The descriptive article by Huete et al. (1999) is included as a companion file to this data set. Multiband radiometers (Exotech) were flown at 100 m above ground level along transects encompassing several land cover types within this semi-arid biome validation site. Pointable radiometers acquired data at nadir (i.e., 0 degree), as well as at 15-degree, 30-degree, and 45-degree viewing angles along the principal and orthogonal planes. The sequence of measurements involved two separate sun angle-based overflights.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Probabilistic Freeze-Thaw Record for the Northern Hemisphere, 2016-2020

This dataset provides a probabilistic freeze/thaw (FT) data record from 2016 to 2020 for the Northern Hemisphere derived using a deep learning model (U-Net). The model was informed by satellite multi-frequency microwave brightness temperature retrievals from the NASA SMAP (Soil Moisture Active Passive) and JAXA AMSR2 (Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2) radiometers, and trained using daily soil temperature observations from Northern Hemisphere weather stations and global reanalysis data (ERA-5). Unlike other available FT data records that provide only a binary classification of frozen or non-frozen conditions, this product includes both binary FT and continuous variable estimates of the probability of thawed conditions. This product is designed to complement other established binary FT data records, including the NASA FT Earth System Data Record and SMAP Level 3 FT operational products, by providing a probabilistic FT variable with enhanced accuracy and sensitivity to near-surface (<=5 cm depth) soil FT condition. The data are provided in cloud optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format.

Tags: earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-seasonally-frozen-ground, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-seasonally-frozen-ground
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NSCAT Level 2 Ocean Wind Vector Ambiguity Removal Overlay (Hoffman, AER)

This dataset contains the NASA Scatterometer (NSCAT) Level 2 ocean wind vector ambiguity overlay files for the NSCAT MGDR version 2 dataset, referenced for 25 km wind vector cells (WVC). The dataset is derived from the results of a study which used a 2-D variational analysis method (VAM) to select a wind solution from the NSCAT ambiguous winds (Hoffman et al. 2003). Hoffman et al. chose the ambiguity closest in direction to the VAM surface wind analysis. No ambiguity was chosen for poor quality wind vector cells (WVCs). ECMWF analyses were used as the background field for the VAM. Their choice of ambiguity selection is compared with that of JPL, which used a median filter initialized with NCEP analysis fields. Ambiguity selection is changed in ~5% of the dataset, often improving the depiction of meteorological features where the surface wind is strongly curved or sheared. See Hoffman et al. (2003) for more on the method and results. Additional work by Henderson et al. (2003) compares the results of median filtering (JPL) vs. the 2d-VAR method (Hoffman et al., 2003) using 51 days of NSCAT data, supplemented by the NCEP 1000 hPa wind analyses as background fields.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-wind-vector-cell-ambiguity-removal
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
OMI/Aura Surface UVB Irradiance and Erythemal Dose Daily L3 Global Gridded 1.0 degree x 1.0 degree V3 (OMUVBd) at GES DISC

This is Level-3 daily global gridded Aura-OMI Spectral Surface UVB Irradiance and Erythemal Dose product (OMUVBd). The OMUVBd product contains global erythemally weighted daily dose and erythemal dose rate at local solar noon at 1.0x1.0 deg grids. The OMUVBd files are available in the version 5 EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5). Each file contains daily data from the day lit portion of the globe. The maximum file size for the OMUVBd data product is about 5 MBytes.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-ultraviolet-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Projections of Permafrost Thaw and Carbon Release for RCP 4.5 and 8.5, 1901-2299

This dataset consists of an ensemble of model projections from 1901 to 2299 for the northern hemisphere permafrost domain. The model projections include monthly average values for a common set of diagnostic outputs at a spatial resolution of 0.5 x 0.5 degrees latitude and longitude. The model simulations resulted from a synthesis effort organized by the Permafrost Carbon Network to evaluate the impacts of climate change on the carbon cycle in permafrost regions in the high northern latitudes. The model teams used different historical input weather data, but most used driver data developed by the Climate Research Unit - National Centers for Environmental Prediction (CRUNCEP) as modified for the Multiscale Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project (MsTMIP). The teams scaled the driver data for the projections using output from global climate models from the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The synthesis evaluated the terrestrial carbon cycle in the modern era and projected future emissions of carbon under two climate warming scenarios: Representative Concentration Pathways 4.5 and 8.5 (RCP45 and RCP85) from CMIP5. RCP45 represents emissions resulting in a global climate close to the target climate in the Paris Accord. RCP85 represents unconstrained greenhouse gas emissions.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds, earth-science-carbon-flux-climate-indicators, earth-science-climate-feedbacks-climate-indicators-cryospheric-feedbacks, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-permafrost, earth-science-land-surface-agriculture-indicators-climate-indicators-soil-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-terrestrial-hydrosphere-indicators-climate-indicators-permafrost-melt
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ProcEss studies at the Air-sEa Interface after dust deposition in the MEditerranean sea project (PEACETIME)

Measurements from the PEACETIME (ProcEss studies at the Air-sEa Interface after dust deposition in the MEditerranean sea) project in the Mediterranean Sea to characterize biogeochemical processes in the atmosphere, at the air-sea boundary layer, and in the water.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) onboard the Pelican research vessel

Measurements from the Pelican research vessel made off the southern coast of Louisiana in the Gulf of Mexico from 2006.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PlanetScope Satellite Imagery 3 Band Scene

The Planet Scope 3 band collection contains satellite imagery obtained from Planet Labs, Inc by the Commercial SmallSat Data Acquisition (CSDA) Program. This satellite imagery is in the visible waveband range with data in the red, green, and blue wavelengths. These data are collected by Planets Dove, Super Dove, and Blue Super Dove instruments collected from across the global land surface from June 2014 to present. Data have a spatial resolution of 3.7 meters at nadir and provided in GeoTIFF format. Data access are restricted to US Government funded investigators approved by the CSDA Program.

Tags: earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PICOLO (Production Induite en Zone de Convergence par les Ondes Longues Oceaniques) Program

Measurements from the PICOLO experiment in the Central Eastern Atlantic Ocean off the African Coast from 1997.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Phytoplankton community composition across environmental gradients in the central Arctic basin

Opportunistic sampling campaign on the icebreaker Le Commandant CharcotÂ during 2022.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Phytoplankton Monitoring in the North Sea (PMNS)

Measurements made during 1993 and 1994 in the North Sea as part of Phytoplankton Monitoring in the North Sea (PMNS).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration