AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Dynamics Yearly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V061

The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Dynamics (MCD12Q2) Version 6.1 data product provides global land surface phenology metrics at yearly intervals from 2001 to 2021. The MCD12Q2 Version 6.1 data product is derived from time series of the 2-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) calculated from MODIS Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR). Vegetation phenology metrics at 500 meter spatial resolution are identified for up to two detected growing cycles per year. For pixels with more than two valid vegetation cycles, the data represent the two cycles with the largest NBAR-EVI2 amplitudes. Provided in each MCD12Q2 Version 6.1 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file are layers for the total number of vegetation cycles detected for the product year, the onset of greenness, greenup midpoint, maturity, peak greenness, senescence, greendown midpoint, dormancy, EVI2 minimum, EVI2 amplitude, integrated EVI2 over a vegetation cycle, as well as overall and phenology metric-specific quality information. SDS layers may be multi-dimensional with up to two valid vegetation cycles. For areas where the NBAR-EVI2 values are missing due to cloud cover or other reasons, the data gaps are filled with good quality NBAR-EVI2 values from the year directly preceding or following the product year. Known Issues * Known issues are described in Section 3.2 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The MCD12Q2 Version 6.1 product has an improved approach to snow filtering.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-phenology
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Type Yearly L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V006

The MCD12C1 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD12C1 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12C1.061) data product. The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) (MCD12C1) Version 6 data product provides a spatially aggregated and reprojected version of the tiled [MCD12Q1 Version 6](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.006) data product. Maps of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), University of Maryland (UMD), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) classification schemes are provided at yearly intervals at 0.05 degree (5,600 meter) spatial resolution for the entire globe from 2001 to 2020. Additionally, sub-pixel proportions of each land cover class in each 0.05 degree pixel is provided along with the aggregated quality assessment information for each of the three land classification schemes. Provided in each MCD12C1 Version 6 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file are layers for Majority Land Cover Type 1-3, Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Assessment, and Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Percent. Known Issues * Known issues are described on pages 3 and 4 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * Updated to include the improvements and changes made for the [MCD12Q1 Version 6](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.006) data product. * Version 6 does not include a Majority Land Cover Type Quality Control (QC) Layer. * Land_Cover_Type_Percent_1, Land_Cover_Type_Percent_2, Land_Cover_Type_Percent_3 layers have up to 17 dimensions and include the sub-pixel proportions of the IGBP, UMD, and LAI classes in each 0.05 degree pixel. * The IGBP classification scheme legend used differs from the legend used for the MCD12Q1 Version 6 data product and can be found on page 16 of the User Guide. * The data product should not be used to determine post-classification land cover change between years due to the uncertainty in the land cover labels for any one year. More information can be found on page 2 of the User Guide.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1km and 500m SIN Grid NRT

The MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1km and 500m SIN Grid Near Real Time (NRT) product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. Low-level data are corrected for atmospheric gases and aerosols, yielding a level-2 basis for several higher-order gridded level-2 (L2G) and level-3 products. This product, with short name MOD09GA provides Bands 1-7 in a daily gridded L2G product in the Sinusoidal projection, which includes 500-meter reflectance values and 1-kilometer observation and geolocation statistics. 500-meter Science Data Sets provided by this product include reflectance for Bands 1-7, a quality rating, observation coverage, observation number, and 250-meter scan information. 1-kilometer Science Data Sets provided include number of observations, quality state, sensor angles, solar angles, geolocation flags, and orbit pointers.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Leaf Area Index/FPAR 4-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006

The MCD15A3H Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD15A3H Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD15A3H.061) data product. The MCD15A3H Version 6 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 4, Combined Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) product is a 4-day composite data set with 500 meter pixel size. The algorithm chooses the best pixel available from all the acquisitions of both MODIS sensors located on NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites from within the 4-day period. LAI is defined as the one-sided green leaf area per unit ground area in broadleaf canopies and as one-half the total needle surface area per unit ground area in coniferous canopies. FPAR is defined as the fraction of incident photosynthetically active radiation (400-700 nm) absorbed by the green elements of a vegetation canopy. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * The Version 6 product uses the daily Level 2 Gridded (L2G)-lite surface reflectance as input as opposed to MODAGAGG, a MODIS daily aggregated surface reflectance product, used in Version 5. * Products are generated at native resolution of 500 meters rather than the 1,000 meters of the Version 5. * Version 6 uses an improved multi-year land cover product.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation-fraction-of-absorbed-pho
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250 m SIN Grid NRT

The MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid, Near Real Time (NRT) like other Surface Reflectance products are an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. Low-level data are corrected for atmospheric gases and aerosols, yielding a level-2 basis for several higher-order gridded level-2 (L2G) and level-3 products. This product, with short name MOD09GQ provides Bands 1 and 2 at a 250-meter resolution in a daily gridded L2G product in the Sinusoidal projection. Science Data Sets provided for this product include reflectance for Bands 1 and 2 a quality rating observation coverage and observation number. This product is meant to be used in conjunction with MOD09GA where important quality and viewing geometry information is stored.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid NRT

The MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid Near Real Time (NRT) product (MOD09GQK) provides MODIS bands 1 and 2, daily surface reflectance at 250 m resolution. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The quality information for this product is provided at three different levels of detail: for individual pixels for each band and each resolution and for the whole file.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR radiometric camera-by-camera Cloud Mask subset for the UAE region V004

UAEMIRCM_004 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) radiometric camera-by-camera Cloud Mask subset for the UAE region version 4. It contains the Radiometric camera-by-camera Cloud Mask dataset. It is used to determine whether a scene is classified as clear or cloudy. A new parameter has been added to indicate dust over the ocean. This version of the ESDT is used by MISR PGE 13. The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm. MISR is designed to view Earth with cameras in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, all nine cameras successfully imaged each piece of Earth's surface below in 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). MISR aims to improve our understanding of the effects of sunlight on Earth and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MLS/Aura Level 2 Bromine Monoxide (BrO) Mixing Ratio V005 (ML2BRO) at GES DISC

ML2BRO is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) standard product for bromine monoxide derived from radiances measured by the 640 GHz radiometer. The data version is 5.0. Data coverage is from August 8, 2004 to current. Spatial coverage is near-global (-82 degrees to +82 degrees latitude), with each profile spaced 1.5 degrees or ~165 km along the orbit track (roughly 15 orbits per day). The recommended useful vertical range is between 10 and 3.16 hPa, and the vertical resolution is about 5.5 km (6 km at 3.16 hPa). Users of the ML2BRO data product should read section 3.2 of the EOS MLS Level 2 Version 5 Quality Document for more information. The data are stored in the version 5 EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5), which is based on the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format, or HDF-5. Each file contains two swath objects (profile and column data), each with a set of data and geolocation fields, swath attributes, and metadata.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-bromine-monoxide
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multi-Satellite Volcanic Sulfur Dioxide L4 Long-Term Global Database V4 (MSVOLSO2L4) at GES DISC

Version 4 is the current version of the data set. Older versions are no longer available and have been superseded by Version 4. These data are a part of MEaSUREs 2012 projects. The particular project, "Multi-Decadal Sulfur Dioxide Climatology from Satellite Instruments", is expected to produce SO2 Earth Science Data Record by means of combining measurements from backscatter Ultraviolet (BUV), thermal infrared (IR) and microwave (MLS) instruments on multiple satellites. The data represent best estimates of the volcanic and anthropogenic contribution to global atmospheric SO2 concentrations. Since SO2 is the major precursor of sulfate aerosol, which has climate and air quality impact, SO2 measurements will contribute to better understanding of the sulfate aerosol distributions and its atmospheric impact." The released data file is a long-term database of volcanic SO2 emission derived from ultraviolet satellite measurements from October 31, 1978, to present. Data are in a table format in simple ASCII format: Column Descriptions: Column 1 = Name of volcano. Column 2 = Latitude of volcano. Column 3 = Longitude of volcano. Column 4 = Altitude of volcano (km). Column 5 = Eruption year. Column 6 = Eruption month of year. Column 7 = Eruption day of month. Column 8 = Eruption style: exp = explosive, eff = effusive. Column 9 = Eruption volcanic explosivity index (nd = no data or undetermined). Column 10 = Observed plume altitude (km) where known. Column 11 = Estimated plume altitude (km) above vent: 10 km for explosive, 5 km for effusive. Column 12 = Measured SO2 mass in kilotons (= 1000 metric tons).

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-sulfur-oxides, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-sulfur-compounds-sulfur-dioxide, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-volcanic-eruptions
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MLS/Aura (pre-average radiances) Level 3 Bromine Monoxide (BrO) Daily 10deg Lat Zonal Mean V005 (ML3DZMBRO) at GES DISC

ML3DZMBRO is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) daily zonal mean product for bromine monoxide derived from radiances measured by the 640 GHz radiometer. The data version is 5.0. Data coverage is from August 2, 2005 to current. Spatial coverage is near-global (-85 degrees to 85 degrees latitude) spaced every 10 degrees in latitude. The recommended useful vertical range is between 10 and 4.64 hPa, and the vertical resolution is about 5 km. Users of the ML3DZMBRO data product should read the MLS Radiance Average Retrievals (RAR) BrO Product Guideline document, as well as section 3.2 of the EOS MLS Level 2 Version 5 Quality Document for more information. The data are stored in the version 4 network Common Data Form (netCDF4), which is built on the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format, or HDF5. The netCDF4 files follow the Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata conventions. Each file contains two zonal means objects or groups, one with data from the ascending part of the MLS orbit, the other with the descending data. Each zonal means object contains the average, error (precision), solar zenith angle, and local solar time for each latitude band and pressure level. Files also contain metadata attributes describing the data and product.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-halocarbons-and-halogens-bromine-monoxide
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MLS/Aura Level 2 Geopotential Height V004 (ML2GPH) at GES DISC

ML2GPH is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) standard product for geopotential height derived from radiances measured by the 118 and 240 GHz radiometers. The data version is 4.2. Data coverage is from August 8, 2004 to current. Spatial coverage is near-global (-82 degrees to +82 degrees latitude), with each profile spaced 1.5 degrees or ~165 km along the orbit track (roughly 15 orbits per day). The recommended useful vertical range is between 261 and 0.001 hPa, and the vertical resolution varies between ~3.6 and 6 km. Users of the ML2GPH data product should read section 3.8 of the EOS MLS Level 2 Version 4 Quality Document for more information. The data are stored in the version 5 EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5), which is based on the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format, or HDF-5. Each file contains two swath objects (profile and column data), each with a set of data and geolocation fields, swath attributes, and metadata.

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-geopotential-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multi-Satellite Merged Ozone (O3) Profile and Total Column 1 Month Zonal Mean L3 Global 5.0 degree Latitude Zones V1 (MSO3L3zm5) at GES DISC

The merged-satellite Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet (SBUV) Level-3 monthly zonal mean (MZM) product (MSO3L3zm5) contains 1 month zonal means for profile layer and total column ozone based on v8.6 SBUV data from the Nimbus-4 BUV, Nimbus-7 SBUV, and NOAA-9 through NOAA-18 SBUV/2 instruments. The v8.6 SBUV algorithm estimates the ozone nadir profile and total column from SBUV measurements, and differs from the v8.0 SBUV algorithm via the use of 1) the Brion-Daumont-Malicet ozone cross sections, 2) an OMI-derived cloud-height climatology, 3) a revised a priori ozone climatology, and 4) inter-instrument calibration based on comparisons with no local time difference. The MSO3L3zm5 product is stored as a single HDF5 file, and has a size of 0.4 MB. The MZM product contains 5.0-degree-wide latitude zones with data between latitude -80.0 and 80.0 degrees. The data cover the time period from May 1970 through July 2013. Data coverage during the BUV mission from 1970 - 1977 contains many gaps after October 1973, and there are no data between November 1976 and November 1978. Continuous data coverage begins with SBUV and SBUV/2 missions starting November 1978.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MLS/Aura Level 2 Geopotential Height V005 (ML2GPH) at GES DISC

ML2GPH is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) standard product for geopotential height derived from radiances measured by the 118 and 240 GHz radiometers. The data version is 5.0. Data coverage is from August 8, 2004 to current. Spatial coverage is near-global (-82 degrees to +82 degrees latitude), with each profile spaced 1.5 degrees or ~165 km along the orbit track (roughly 15 orbits per day). The recommended useful vertical range is between 261 and 0.001 hPa, and the vertical resolution varies between ~3.6 and 6 km. Users of the ML2GPH data product should read section 3.8 of the EOS MLS Level 2 Version 5 Quality Document for more information. The data are stored in the version 5 EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5), which is based on the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format, or HDF-5. Each file contains two swath objects (profile and column data), each with a set of data and geolocation fields, swath attributes, and metadata.

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-geopotential-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MLS/Aura Level 2 Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN) Mixing Ratio V004 (ML2HCN) at GES DISC

ML2HCN is the EOS Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) standard product for hydrogen cyanide derived from radiances measured primarily by the 190 GHz radiometer. The data version is 4.2. Spatial coverage is near-global (-82 degrees to +82 degrees latitude), with each profile spaced 1.5 degrees or ~165 km along the orbit track (roughly 15 orbits per day). The recommended useful vertical range is from 21.5 to 0.1 hPa, and the vertical resolution is between 8 and 12 km. Users of the ML2HCN data product should read section 3.11 of the EOS MLS Level 2 Version 4 Quality Document for more information. The data are stored in the version 5 EOS Hierarchical Data Format (HDF-EOS5), which is based on the version 5 Hierarchical Data Format, or HDF-5. Each file contains two swath objects (profile and column data), each with a set of data and geolocation fields, swath attributes, and metadata.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-hydrogen-cyanid
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Noon Normalized) 10-Day L3 Global 2.0x5.0deg Lat/Lon Grid V1 (MSLERNNL3d10) at GES DISC

The Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Noon Normalized) 10-Day L3 Global 2.0x5.0deg Lat/Lon Grid data product is derived from multi-satellite Solar Backscatter UltraViolet (SBUV) observations made by the Nimbus-7 SBUV, and NOAA 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18 SBUV/2 instruments at 340 nm. The Noon Normalized (NN) data have been corrected to local noon equator crossing time. The NN correction was applied only to data between latitudes 60 degrees north and 60 degrees south due to insufficient diurnal data at higher latitudes. The table below lists the date ranges for each instrument (note A = ascending node, D = descending node): Instrument Start Date End Date ------------------ ---------- ---------- Nimbus-7 SBUV 1978-11-01 1990-06-21 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (A) 1985-02-02 1991-09-03 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (D) 1990-04-25 1997-05-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (A) 1988-12-01 1995-03-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (D) 1997-07-15 2001-03-26 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (A) 1995-02-05 2002-09-11 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (D) 2002-04-09 2006-09-28 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (A) 2000-10-03 2009-09-15 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (D) 2008-04-28 2012-12-31 NOAA-17 SBUV/2 2002-07-10 2012-12-31 NOAA-18 SBUV/2 2005-06-05 2012-12-12 The scene reflectivities of the Earth at blue and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (320 nm to 415 nm) are low over most surfaces (except ice and snow), and are almost independent of the seasonal changes in vegetation on land and in the oceans. This makes it ideal for examining changes in radiation reflected back to space from changes in cloud and aerosol amounts, especially as affected by the start of climate change. The MSLERNNL3d10 data are archived in the HDF-EOS5 file format using the Grid model. The product consists of a single data file representing the entire data set containing the noon-normalized reflectivites in a single latitude versus longitude versus time data field array or variable. The data array contains attributes describing the variable, and the file contains metadata stored in the HDFEOS file attribute section.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance-lambertian-equivalent-reflectivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration