AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Sentinel-6A MF Jason-CS L2 P4 Altimeter High Resolution (HR) STC Reduced Ocean Surface Topography

Provides L2 high resolution (HR) short time critical (STC; 36-hour latency) altimetry from the Poseidon-4 SAR altimeter on the Sentinel-6A Michael Freilich spacecraft. It contains Sea Surface Height (SSH), Sea Surface Height Anomalies (SSHA) and Significant Wave Height (SWH), along with 1 Hz Ku-band measurements processed from L1B altimetry including the range, orbital altitude, time, and water vapour. It also includes altimetry corrections, significant wave height and wind-speed from the AMR-C. This release is reduced to exclude the 20 Hz observations that are included in the standard product. The S6A STC product is analogous to the Jason-3 IGDR product.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-waves-oceans-significant-wave-height, earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-6A MF Jason-CS L2 P4 Altimeter Low Resolution (LR) STC Reduced Ocean Surface Topography

Provides low resolution (LR) short time critical (STC; 36-hour latency) measurements of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA), Significant Wave Height (SWH), and Wind Speed. The STC product is analogous to the Jason-3 IGDR product.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-waves-oceans-significant-wave-height, earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Carbon Estimates in 20-cm Layers to 1-meter Depth, Conterminous US, 1970-1993

This data set provides a soil map with estimates of soil carbon (C) in g C/m2 for 20-cm layers from the surface to one meter depth for the conterminous United States.STATSGO v.1 (State Soil Geographic Database, Soil Survey Staff, 1994) data were used to estimate by 20-cm intervals to a 1-m depth the mean soil carbon for each of the STATSGO-delineated soil map units. These map units are the polygons represented in the provided Shapefile data product.

Tags: earth-science-soils-agriculture-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Bulk Density Data (FIFE)

Soil bulk density is defined as the ratio of the mass of dry solids to the bulk volume of the soil occupied by those dry solids. Bulk density of the soil is an important site characterization parameter since it changes for a given soil. It varies with structural condition of the soil, particularly that related to packing. The Soil Bulk Density Data Set contains bulk density of the soil based on dry weight at two depths, 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Samples were collected at 31 different locations within the FIFE study area during the growing season of 1987. Samples were collected primarily in the northwest quadrant of the study area but at least one sitegrid is located in each of the quadrants of the study area.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-compaction
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SPURS-2 Waveglider data for the E. Tropical Pacific field campaign

The SPURS (Salinity Processes in the Upper Ocean Regional Study) project is a NASA-funded oceanographic process study and associated field program that aim to elucidate key mechanisms responsible for near-surface salinity variations in the oceans. The project is comprised of two field campaigns and a series of cruises in regions of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans exhibiting salinity extremes. SPURS employs a suite of state-of-the-art in-situ sampling technologies that, combined with remotely sensed salinity fields from the Aquarius/SAC-D, SMAP and SMOS satellites, provide a detailed characterization of salinity structure over a continuum of spatio-temporal scales. The SPURS-2 campaign involved two month-long cruises by the R/V Revelle in August 2016 and October 2017 combined with complementary sampling on a more continuous basis over this period by the schooner Lady Amber. Focused around a central mooring located near 10N,125W, the objective of SPURS-2 was to study the dynamics of the rainfall-dominated surface ocean at the western edge of the eastern Pacific fresh pool subject to high seasonal variability and strong zonal flows associated with the North Equatorial Current and Countercurrent. A Waveglider is an autonomous platform propelled by the conversion of ocean wave energy into forward thrust and employing solar panels to power instrumentation. For SPURS-2, sensors included a CTD at the near-surface and another at 6 m depth, providing continuous salinity and temperature observations plus air temperature and wind measurements. Three wavegliders (ASL22, 32, 42) were deployed from the Revelle in August 2016 and again in November 2017 before final retrieval at the conclusion on the second cruise. Waveglider trajectories followed a 20x20km square loop around the moorings and a butterfly pattern around the neutrally-buoyant float. NetCDF waveglider data files here (one per platform) contain hour averaged, georeferenced trajectory data for those parameters and depths.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-circulation-oceans-current-velocity, earth-science-ocean-pressure-oceans-water-pressure, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-surface-air-temperature, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-temperature-profiles, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-conductivity, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-salinity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil CO2 Flux Data (FIFE)

In the Soil Carbon Dioxide Flux study, a prototype gas exchange system and sensor were used to determine the soil surface flux of CO2 and associated parameters at the three FIFE supersites. The goal of this investigation was to characterize fluxes of carbon dioxide from the surface of the soil for a representative portion of the FIFE study area. These measurements are required to understand the carbon budget of the prairie and necessary for comparing vegetation models of photosynthesis with CO2 flux measurements by micrometeorological methods. The flux of the carbon dioxide from the surface of the soil is an important component of the carbon budget of a prairie ecosystem. The results from this study indicate that a soil chamber can be used to obtain reasonable estimates of soil surface carbon dioxide fluxes when operated in a closed system that is ported to the free atmosphere. Further, the flux of carbon dioxide from the soil surface of a grassland can be a large part of the carbon budget and should never be assumed to be negligible. Both soil temperature and soil water content are critical parameters for predicting soil surface CO2 flux, and leaf area index is a surrogate for the plant contribution through root respiration.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-respiration-rate, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SHEBA Reconnaissance Imagery, Version 1

This data set consists of optical band reconnaissance imagery of the Surface Heat Balance of the Arctic (SHEBA) site acquired between August 1997 and October 1998. The images cover a variable area on the order of 15 km by 40 km, at a resolution of about 1 m. Some, but not all of the images contain the SHEBA experiment platform, the Canadian icebreaker Des Groseillers, as it traversed the Arctic Ocean.

Tags: earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-sea-ice, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery-optical-band-imagery
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SHIFT: Photosynthetic and Leaf Traits, Santa Barbara County, 2022

This dataset provides leaf images and measurements of leaf traits (area, wet weight, dry weight, leaf mass per area, leaf water content) and leaf pigments (chlorophyll) and species information as sampled from meadow, shrub, and tree from Santa Barbara California, USA. Samples were collected from plots within the Dangermond Preserve, Sedgwick Reserve, and Carpinteria Salt March Reserve during the period of February 23, 2022 to September 27, 2022 for the 2022 NASA Surface Biology Geology (SBG) High Frequency Time series (SHIFT) campaign. The associated data package contains image scans used for the leaf area calculations as well as python processing code used to calculate the area. A comma-separated value (CSV) formatted file includes plot-level leaf area (cm2), wet weight (g), leaf mass area (LMA, g leaf dry mass per meter square), leaf water content (LWC, (wet weight - dry weight/wet weight, %)), chlorophyll fluorescence ratio (CFR), and chlorophyll content (CHL).

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-chlorophyll, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMAP_L1A_RADAR_METADATA_V001

SMAP Level 1A Radar Product Metadata

Tags: earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-orbital-characteristics, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-radar-imagery, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Gas Fluxes Using Soil Cores (FIFE)

Nitrogen gas fluxes are important to ecosystem productivity and atmospheric chemistry. Scaling of these microscale fluxes to landscape and regional scales relevant to ecosystem and atmosphere-biosphere exchange questions is difficult. For FIFE, two approaches were explored to accomplish scaling. First the relationships between hourly and daily gas fluxes and soil moisture were established and then large area estimates of soil moisture from simulation models or a push broom microwave radiometer were used to scale data from experimental sites to larger areas. The second approach was to establish relationships between annual gas fluxes and plant productivity and then use large area data on plant productivity derived from SPOT images as a scaling tool. Both approaches were based on hypotheses and previous studies that established strong relationships between soil moisture and plant productivity and gas fluxes. FIFE Soil Gas Fluxes Using Soil Cores Data Set contains the daily flux rates of denitrification, nitrous oxide flux and carbon dioxide flux obtained from 10 sites at four sampling dates during 1987. Soil gas fluxes were measured using an intact extracted core technique. The data set includes estimates of in situ fluxes as well as denitrification fluxes measured in cores amended with either water or water plus nitrate. Analysis of relationships between daily flux rates and soil moisture and between annual fluxes and plant productivity are reported elsewhere (Groffman and Turner submitted to Ecology, Groffman and Wood in preparation). Analysis of the denitrification data, and evaluation of denitrification fluxes in the context of the ecosystem ecology of the FIFE study area are presented in Groffman et al. (1992).

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-respiration-rate, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-chemistry, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-compaction, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-respiration
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SHIFT: AVIRIS-NG Full-Resolution True Color Images

This dataset holds full-resolution 3-band (true color) imagery acquired by NASA's Airborne Visible / Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) instrument. This imagery was collected as part of the Surface Biology and Geology High-Frequency Time Series (SHIFT) campaign which occurred during February to May, 2022, with a follow up activity for one week in September. The SHIFT campaign leveraged NASA's AVIRIS-NG facility instrument to collect VSWIR data at approximately a weekly cadence across a broad study area, enabling traceability analyses related to the science value of VSWIR revisits. AVIRIS-NG is a pushbroom spectral mapping system with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), designed and toleranced for high performance spectroscopy. AVIRIS-NG measures radiance at approximately 5-nm intervals in the Visible to Shortwave Infrared (VSWIR) spectral range from 380-2510 nm. The images in this dataset are true color (RGB) images from the wavelengths centered at approximately 808, 658, and 563 nm, subset from the full spectrum collected by AVIRIS-NG. The spatial resolution matches the native observed resolution (variable depending on the flightline, generally finer than 5 m and down to 2 m). There are two files for each flight line, one in PNG and one in georeferenced cloud-optimized GeoTIFF format; the GeoTIFF contains radiance floating point values while the PNG has been scaled and converted to integers.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-marine-ecosystems, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-imagery
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SHIFT: Laboratory Foliar Chemical Analysis Results for Field Samples, CA, 2022

This dataset holds laboratory foliar chemical analyses results for field samples collected during the 2022 NASA Surface Biology Geology (SBG) High Frequency Time series (SHIFT) campaign in Santa Barbara County, California, USA. Leaf samples were collected from plots within the Dangermond Preserve, Sedgwick Reserve, and Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve during the period of 2022-02-23 to 2022-09-27 and dried for later analysis. This project collected field data contemporaneously with weekly flights of the NASA's Airborne Visible-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) facility instrument over the study areas. Sixteen chemical traits from two different lab analyses are provided. (a) Elemental analysis: foliar nitrogen (%), phosphorus (%), magnesium (%), potassium (%), calcium (%), sulfur (%), boron (ppm), iron (ppm), manganese (ppm), copper (ppm), zinc (ppm), aluminum (ppm), and sodium (ppm). (b) AnkomFiber analysis: foliar hemicellulose and bound protein (%), cellulose (%), and lignin (%). Related data packages contain additional plot-level characterization, biogeochemical, reflectance, and foliar data. These data are provided in comma separated values (CSV) format.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMAP Level 1A Radar Telemetry Product (Version 1)

SMAP Level 1A Radar Product

Tags: earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-orbital-characteristics, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-radar-imagery, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMAP Level 1C High Resolution Radar Sigma Naught Swath Grid Product (Version 3)

SMAP Level 1C Sigma Naught High Res Product Version 3

Tags: earth-observation-satellites-smap-nasa-decadal-survey-soil-moisture-active-and-passive-observat, earth-remote-sensing-instruments-imaging-radars-active-remote-sensing-smap-l-band-radar-smap-l, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-orbital-characteristics, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-radar-imagery, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) CPEX

The SMAP CPEX dataset consists of data collected from the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite that carries two instruments, a radar (active) and a radiometer (passive), that together will make global measurements of land surface soil moisture and freeze/thaw state. These data were gathered during the Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX) field campaign. CPEX collected data to help answer questions about convective storm initiation, organization, growth, and dissipation in the North Atlantic-Gulf of America-Caribbean Oceanic region during the early summer of 2017. These data files are available from May 24, 2017, through July 16, 201,7 in netCDF-3 format.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SHIFT: HyTES L1 Brightness Temperature, March 23 2022

This dataset holds Level 1 (L1) brightness temperature data collected by the Hyperspectral Thermal Emission Spectrometer (HyTES) instrument. This imagery was acquired as part of the Surface Biology and Geology High-Frequency Time Series (SHIFT) campaign on March 23, 2022. The SHIFT campaign generated precise, high-frequency data on plant communities for nearly 1,656 square kilometers across Santa Barbara County, California, US, and the nearby ocean. HyTES is a compact image spectrometer that acquires data in 256 spectral bands between 7.5 and 12 micrometers; it was deployed on a Twin Otter aircraft. The SHIFT campaign sought to demonstrate the joint use of both VSWIR and thermal infrared (TIR) data. TIR data are used to measure land surface temperature (LST), which informs models of water flux from land surface through processes such as evapotranspiration. LST is sensitive to solar heat gains and local cooling effects due to evaporative cooling. The HyTES instrument measures TIR radiances that can be used to derive LST, emissivity and Level 3 products such as latent heat flux and detection of air pollution sources. The HyTES data are provided in HDF5 format and include 91 flight scenes. The data are not projected, but georeferencing information for each pixel are provided in the HDF5 and a separate ENVI file for each flight scene. In addition, the flight scene boundaries and an overlay image are provided in Keyhole Markup Language (KML) along with a quicklook image and spectral response data.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-1C Single Polarization Medium Resolution Ground Range Detected Product

The Sentinel-1C satellite was launched December 5, 2024. Sentinel-1C is the the latest satellite to be added to the Sentinel-1 constellation. The Sentinel-1 satellites (Sentinel-1A, Sentinel-1B, and Sentinel-1C) are sun-synchronous polar-orbiting satellites that operate day and night performing C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging. The Sentinel-1 satellites operate in four imaging modes with different resolutions (down to 5 meters) and coverage (up to 400 kilometers). The Sentinel-1 satellites provide dual polarization capability and short revisit times. Sentinel-1C Ground Range Detected (GRD) products consist of focused SAR data that has been detected, multi-looked and projected to ground range using the Earth ellipsoid model WGS84. The ellipsoid projection of the GRD products is corrected using the terrain height and is specified in the product’s general annotation. The terrain height used varies in azimuth and it is constant in range (only the terrain height of first subswath is considered for Interferometric Wide (IW) and Extra Wide (EW) swath modes). Ground range coordinates are the slant range coordinates projected onto the ellipsoid of the Earth. Pixel values represent detected amplitude. Phase information is lost. The resulting product has approximately square resolution pixels and square pixel spacing with reduced speckle at a cost of reduced spatial resolution. For IW and EW GRD products, multi-looking is performed on each burst individually. All bursts in all sub-swaths are then seamlessly merged to form a single, contiguous, ground range, detected image per polarization. The single polarization medium resolution GRD data products in this collection mirror the Sentinel-1C products provided through the Copernicus Data Space Ecosystem.

Tags: earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-land-surface, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-solid-earth, earth-science-glaciers-ice-sheets-cryosphere, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMODE L4 ROMS Model Output Version 1

This dataset contains output data files for the Sub-Mesoscale Ocean Dynamics Experiment (S-MODE) Regional Ocean Modelling System (ROMS) model runs. S-MODE aims to understand how ocean dynamics acting on short spatial scales influence the vertical exchange of physical and biological variables in the ocean. Model output is limited to the SMODE field campaign region and uses 1hr ERA5 atmospheric forcings. ROMS model output files are provided in NetCDF format. Users should note that these files are very large and are encouraged to do analysis in the cloud rather than downloading.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-potential-temperature, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-ocean-salinity-practical-salinity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Postlaunch Field Campaign Data from Gliders

The SWOT Postlaunch Oceanography Field Campaign Data from Gliders collection provides the provides the conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) measurements and current velocity measurements from autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) deployed by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) postlaunch field campaign. The SWOT satellite mission launched in late 2022 and underwent a calibration and validation (cal/val) phase in 2023. As part of cal/val, an array of oceanographic instruments was deployed at a site 300 km offshore of California. Two Slocum gliders from Rutgers University were deployed from March to August 2023 as part of the SWOT cal/val effort. <br><br> Gliders are autonomous vehicles that move up and down in the water column by changing their buoyancy, and while doing so, generate forward propulsion with wings and attitude control much like a glider airplane. The gliders were equipped with CTD sensors for temperature and salinity, and operated in the upper 1000 m of the ocean. Each up/down motion generates a CTD profile, much like a ship-based CTD system or the moored CTD profilers but with some lateral motion in addition to the vertical profiling. The glider data here are provided as full time series, rather than being sorted into profiles.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-pressure-oceans-water-pressure, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-ocean-temperature-profiles, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-conductivity-conductivity-profiles, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-density, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-ocean-salinity-practical-salinity, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans-salinity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMEX04 Aircraft Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) Data, Arizona, Version 1

Notice to Data Users: The documentation for this data set was provided solely by the Principal Investigator(s) and was not further developed, thoroughly reviewed, or edited by NSIDC. Thus, support for this data set may be limited. This data set includes brightness temperature and soil moisture data acquired with the Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) instrument, an airborne microwave imaging radiometer developed and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Environmental Technology Laboratory.

Tags: earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration