AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
NPP Multi-Biome: Global Primary Production Data Initiative Products, R2

Net primary productivity (NPP) estimates were compiled by the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI). The database covers 2,523 individual sites and 5,164 half-degree grid cells and underwent extensive review under the Ecosystem Model-Data Intercomparison (EMDI) process. The GPPDI database includes NPP measurements that were collected over a long time period by many investigators using a variety of methods. The measurements are categorized as either Class A, from intensively studied sites; Class B, from extensive sites; or reported as Class C, 0.5 latitude-longitude grid cells. The data set contains six comma-separated files (.csv format). There are two files for each class. One file for each class contains site locations, elevation, NPP estimates, climate data, biome and dominant species information, and references. The other file for each class contains model validation outlier flags derived from site-specific reviews. This document and a companion file (Olson et al., 2001) describe the compilation of NPP estimates under the GPPDI. The results of the EMDI review and outlier analysis produced a refined set of NPP estimates and model driver data (the EMDI database; Olson et al., 2001; 2013). Another ORNL DAAC data set (Zheng et al., 2013) contributed to the compilation of GPPDI. Revision Notes: This data set has been revised to correct previously reported ANPP, BNPP, and TNPP estimates for three OTTER Transect sites, USA, in the Class A NPP data file and BNPP, and TNPP estimates for Vindhyan, India, in the Class B NPP data file. Please see the Data Set Revisions section of this document for detailed information.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Grassland: Tumentsogt, Mongolia, 1982-1990, R1

This data set provides two data files in text format (.txt). One file contains tri-monthly measurements of above-ground biomass made during the growing season between July 1982 and August 1990 on a dry, cold Eurasian steppe dominated by Stipa grandis at the Tumentsogt Research Station in Mongolia. The second file contains monthly and annual climate data recorded at the study site from 1963 through 1983. Mongolian steppes occupy a major part of eastern Mongolia and northern China and are characterized climatically by low mean annual rainfall and temperature, with a highly seasonal pattern in both. The beginning of spring rainfall and warming are strongly correlated, and the onset of the growing season rainfall triggers the green-up in the region. Land use is dominated by grazing, historically by nomadic pastoralists and more recently for cooperative livestock production. Privatization of grazing land and cropland conversions have been increasing since 1990. Ecosystem degradation such as deterioration of vegetation (e.g., vegetation removal and replacement) and soil (e.g., erosion) is becoming widespread. Peak above-ground biomass at Tumentsogt occurs during a short rainy season (June-August). The amount of biomass fluctuates from year-to-year coherently with rainfall variation. Above-ground net primaryp roductivity (ANPP) estimates are relatively low in comparison to other temperate grasslands, ranging from 72 to 160 g/m2/yr. Revision Notes: Only the documentation for this data set has been modified. The data files have been checked for accuracy and are identical to those originally published in 1996.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Grassland: Xilingol, China, 1980-1989, R1

This data set provides two data files in text format (.txt). One file contains bi-weekly measurements of above-ground live biomass recorded during the growing season (early May to early October) from 1980 through 1989 on a cold desert steppe at the Inner Mongolia Grassland Research Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences within the Xilingol Biosphere Reserve. The second file contains monthly and annual climate data recorded at the study site from 1978 through 1989. The study site contains grassland steppes of Leymus chinense and Stipa grandis which are the dominant vegetation types, respectively, in the Eastern Eurasian steppe zone (semi-arid and sub-humid) and the middle Eurasian steppe zone (semi-arid). Both steppes provide good livestock forage and are used mainly as natural grazing lands. Above-ground net primary production (ANPP) was estimated by summing peak live biomass of each of 5 species categories. Peak live biomass of L. chinense steppe occurred between late July and late August and averaged 182.68 g/m2 between 1980 and 1988 while that of S. grandis steppe occurred in mid August to early September and averaged 144.43 g/m2 over the same time period. Mean ANPP for L. chinense steppe during 1980-1989 was 248.63 g/m2/yr. ANPP for S. grandis steppe was not calculated. Data are only provided for the Leymus chinense steppe in this data set. Revision Notes: Only the documentation for this data set has been modified. The data files have been checked for accuracy and are identical to those originally published in 1996.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Multi-Biome: NPP and Driver Data for Ecosystem Model-data Intercomparison, R2

This data set represents a refined set of global net primary productivity (NPP) estimates and model driver data that are the results of the Ecosystem Model-Data Intercomparison (EMDI) workshop review and outlier analyses undertaken to assess the accuracy of global model forecasts of terrestrial carbon cycling. EMDI builds upon the accomplishments of the original worldwide synthesis of NPP measurements and associated model driver data prepared by the Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI) (Olson et al., 2001; 2013). The EMDI review and analyses produced NPP, climate, NDVI, land cover, vegetation, and soil data for a sub-set of GPPDI data: 81 Class A sites, 933 Class B sites, and 3,855 Class C 0.5-degree cell grids. Class A sites represent well-documented study sites that have complete above- and below-ground NPP measurements. Class B sites represent more numerous extensive sites with less documentation and site-specific information available. Class C cells represent estimates of NPP for 0.5-degree grid cells for which inventory, modeling, or remote-sensing tools were used to scale up the point measurements. The data files are in comma-separated-value (.csv) format: • 18 data files for Class A sites which includes 12 comma-separated files (*.csv) and six compressed files (*.zip) • 11 data files for Class B sites in comma-separated format (*.csv). •9 data files for Class C grid cells in comma-separated format (*.csv). This document and a companion file (Olson et al., 2001) describe the compilation of NPP estimates under the GPPDI and the EMDI review and outlier analyses that produced this refined set of NPP estimates and model driver data. Revision Notes: This data set has been revised to correct previously reported NPP estimates for three OTTER Transect sites, USA, in the Class A NPP data file. Please see the Data Set Revisions section of this document for detailed information.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Temperate Forest: Humboldt Redwoods State Park, California, USA, 1972-2001, R1

This data set contains site characteristics, stand descriptors, and measured and calculated above-ground biomass, above-ground net primary production (ANPP), and woody detritus input data for an old Sequoia sempervirens stand at Bull Creek in Humboldt Redwoods State Park, California. There is one data file (.csv format) with this data set. Productivity of the Sequoia stand was studied via tree re-measurement (1972 and 2001) and allometric relationships. Measurements of tree circumference at 1.7 m above ground were made at the beginning and the end of the study. A 1972 stem map of the stand allowed the investigators to identify and re-measure trees >10 cm in diameter. ANPP was estimated using a range of specific gravities and several allometric relationships for tree volume. Estimation procedures were outlined by Busing and Fujimori (2005). Tree loss to mortality over the study interval was included in the analysis. Estimates of total tree ANPP ranged from 600 to 1,400 g/m2/yr. However, ANPP values in the range of 700-1,000 g/m2/yr were considered to be the most reasonable estimate because of the accuracy of the particular equations, specific gravities, and assumptions used to obtain them (Busing and Fujimori, 2005). Above-ground total tree biomass was extremely high (> 300,000 g/m2). Revision Notes: Only the documentation for this data set has been modified. The data files have been checked for accuracy and are identical to those originally published in 2005.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration, Version 5

This data set provides a Climate Data Record (CDR) of sea ice concentration from passive microwave data. The CDR algorithm output is a rule-based combination of ice concentration estimates from two well-established algorithms: the NASA Team (NT) algorithm (Cavalieri et al. 1984) and NASA Bootstrap (BT) algorithm (Comiso 1986). The CDR is a consistent, daily and monthly time series of sea ice concentrations from 25 October 1978 through the most recent processing for both the north and south polar regions. All data are on a 25 km x 25 km grid. Note: A near-real-time version of this data set also exists to fill the gap between the time that this data set is updated through to the present. The data set is called the Near-Real-Time NOAA/NSIDC Climate Data Record of Passive Microwave Sea Ice Concentration (https://nsidc.org/data/g10016).

Tags: earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-sea-ice-concentration
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Tropical Forest: Cinnamon Bay, U.S. Virgin Islands, 1982-1993, R1

This data set contains three ASCII files (.txt format). One data file contains above-ground biomass, litter, litterfall, herbivory, biomass change, and above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) estimates for a late secondary moist subtropical forest based on measurements from 16 permanent study plots located along an elevational (60-290 m) and topological gradient within the 132-ha Cinnamon Bay watershed on St. John, U.S. Virgin Islands. The purpose of the study was to provide information on forest structure, species composition, and forest productivity along environmental gradients, including the effects of hurricanes and drought. The other two files provide climate records from nearby weather stations (1917-1981). Above-ground biomass was measured every 5 years (1983-2003). Litterfall accumulation was determined in 1992-1993. In 1983, total above-ground biomass on all plots combined averaged 13,870 g/m2; by 2003 during a post-hurricane recovery period, it had declined by nearly 7 percent. In 1983, biomass was greatest on the summit, intermediate on slopes and valleys, and least on ridges; by 2003, the quantities for all sites had converged except on the summit plot. In 1992, ANPP was estimated based on annual litterfall accumulation (897 g/m2/year) plus biomass change due to delayed mortality (142 g/m2/year) plus estimated herbivory (25 g/m2/year), giving a total ANPP of 1,064 g/m2/year. Periodic storms and drought appear to maintain the forest in a disturbed state.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA20 VIIRS High Resolution Level 3 monthly aerosol data, 0.1x0.1 degree grid Version 001 (AER_DBDT_M10KM_L3_VIIRS_NOAA20) at GES DISC

This High-Resolution (0.1 x 0.1 degree) Level 3 monthly Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) product is generated by combining two Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) operational algorithms, namely Deep Blue (DB) and Dark Target (DT), on board the NOAA-20 satellite. This dataset is provided in monthly files ranging from February 2018 to the present. The spatial coverage is global and the dataset is gridded at 0.1 x 0.1 degree spatial resolution. The data are generated using Level 2 AOD retrieved using DT and DB algorithms. The product provides multiple options for using data either from DT or DB or combined. Depending on user need and application, they can choose one or more relevant parameter. The pixels with highest quality as recommended by science teams are only considered in these averaging. In addition to averaged AOD at 0.1 x 0.1 degree resolution, standard deviation and number of pixels averaged from each algorithm are also provided. Average sensor zenith angle is also provided for additional filtering of the data. If you have any questions, please read the README document first and post your question to the NASA Earthdata Forum (forum.earthdata.nasa.gov) or email the GES DISC Help Desk (gsfc-dl-help-disc@mail.nasa.gov).

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA20 VIIRS+CrIS Fusion 6-Min L2 Swath 750 m

The VIIRS-CrIS Data Fusion Level-2 Product is designed to facilitate improved continuity in derived cloud and moisture products realized with the High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) and the Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and to continue other applications that require IR absorption spectral bands. Based on data fusion with VIIRS (Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite) and CrIS (Cross-track Infrared Sounder), infrared (IR) absorption band radiances for VIIRS are constructed at 750m spatial resolution (i.e., M-band resolution). These spectral bands are similar to the MODIS spectral bands. The fusion radiances, and look-up tables required to compute the related brightness temperatures, are stored in compressed NetCDF4 files of 6-minutes duration. This L2 NOAA-20 VIIRS+CrIS product release relates to Version-2.0 (v2.0) collection, which has undergone some improvements over its previous version. In the v2.0 Fusion product, scanlines are checked for quality instead of the entire input granule as was done in the previous version of this product. Such a process has helped salvage and use granules with continuous blocks of good data with good calibration. The v2.0 product also includes a couple of improvements to the VIIRS-CrIS collocation. The first relates to how VIIRS scan sync loss events are addressed while the other correctly characterizes VIIRS pixels that should have been identified as falling within a CrIS Field-of-View. A final improvement in the v2.0 product attempts to correct an artifact detected over warm, dry surfaces in the water vapor channels that are derived using the MODIS Band-27 and -28 response functions that apparently manifest signs of surface features that should not exist for these channels. Check the User Guide for further details on these improvements. The L2 VIIRS+CrIS Fusion product has a horizontal pixel size of 750 m, which is the native VIIRS moderate-resolution (M) band pixel-size. Consult the VIIRS+CrIS Fusion product User Guide (https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/missions-and-measurements/viirs/VIIRSCrISFusionUserGuidev1.11.pdf) for additional information regarding this product’s algorithm, file format, global and data-field attributes, quality control flags, etc.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) Raw Data V1

The North Alabama Lightning Mapping Array (LMA) Raw Data are used to validate the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the International Space Station (ISS), the Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) instrument, and other current and future lightning measurements. These data are also used in convective storm process studies, including but not limited to validation of convection-resolving models that predict lightning. These NALMA data files are available from December 17, 2019 and are ongoing in ASCII format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-electricity-atmosphere-lightning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Tropical Forest: La Selva, Costa Rica, 1975-1994, R1

There are two data files with this data set in (.txt) format. The files contain net primary productivity (NPP) data and climate data for a mature tropical lowland rainforest at the La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. The La Selva forest reserve (10.43 N, 83.98 W) covers over 1,500 ha, of which 53% is primary forest and the rest is in various types of secondary forest and abandoned land. Above- and below-ground biomass, litterfall, root production, and nutrient content of different vegetation components and soils were determined in different areas of the biological station on different occasions between 1975 and 1994. Work has continued to the present day. Precipitation (1984-1997) and maximum/minimum temperature (1992-1997) were measured at the forest study site. NPP has not been completely estimated although detailed data on forest dynamics are available from a variety of published and unpublished sources. A crude minimum estimate of NPP for La Selva was obtained by summing the estimates of litterfall [850 g/m2/year predicted for average annual temperature and precipitation conditions at La Selva by the equation of Brown and Lugo (1982)] and unpublished data on root production (550-1,250 g/m2/year), giving a NPP range of about 1,400-2,100 g/m2/year. Revision Notes: The NPP data file has been revised to add additional root biomass estimates, correct temporal coverage of data series, correct parameter label for potassium concentration in leaf litterfall, and add additional References/Comments. Please see the Data Set Revisions section of this document for detailed information.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biomass-dynamics, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Northern Hemisphere Seasonal and Intermittent Frozen Ground Areas 1901-2001, Version 1

This data set contains monthly values of the total exposed land area of seasonally frozen ground and annual values for intermittently frozen ground in the Northern Hemisphere. Seasonally frozen ground is defined as the near-surface soil that experiences freeze for more than 15 days per year, while intermittently frozen ground experiences fewer than 15 days of freeze per year. The values were calculated based upon the monthly mean air temperature from the 1901-2002, 0.5 deg. global land temperatures from the University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit (Mitchell and Jones, 2005) using the technique described by Zhang, et al. (2003). Two ASCII files are available. One file contains monthly values of seasonally frozen ground area in square kilometers for 1901-2001. The other file contains annual values of intermittently frozen ground area. Data are available via FTP.

Tags: earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-seasonally-frozen-ground-seasonally-frozen-ground, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-seasonally-frozen-ground-freezing-thawing-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NPP Tropical Forest: Maui, Hawaii, U.S.A., 1996-1997, R1

This data set contains one data file (.csv format) that quantifies net primary productivity (NPP) as a function of rainfall in mesic to wet montane rainforests on the island of Maui, Hawaii, U.S.A. The NPP data were collected at six mature forests stands that comprise the Maui Moisture Gradient, a sequence of sites located on Maui where mean annual precipitation ranges from 2,200 mm to 5,050 mm while temperature and all other state factors (parent material, substrate age, organisms, and topography) that control NPP remain relatively constant. Estimates are given for above-ground and below-ground productivity, and total NPP based on measurements made in 1996 and 1997. These data are part of a larger study that focused on the dynamics of carbon cycling and storage in everwet rainforest as a function of changes in rainfall regime. The Hawaiian Islands flora and fauna are relatively species-poor, thus a few species and genera occupy a broad range of environmental conditions. As a result, the forest canopy at all sites was consistently dominated by the native evergreen tree Metrosideros polymorpha (Myrtaceae) which comprises 80% to 100% of basal area in these forests. The understory vegetation was dominated by a variety of ferns and other herbaceous species at all sites, but the dominance of particular understory species shifted among sites. This watershed area has never been cleared by humans.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Northern Hemisphere EASE-Grid Annual Freezing and Thawing Indices, 1901 - 2002, Version 1

This data set contains annual freezing and thawing indices for each year from 1901 to 2002 on the 25 km resolution Equal-Area Scalable Earth Grid (EASE-Grid). Annual freezing and thawing indices are defined as the cumulative number of degree-days when air temperatures are below and above 0 degrees C. The values were calculated based upon the monthly mean air temperature from the 1901-2002, 0.5 deg. global land temperatures from the University of East Anglia Climate Research Unit (Mitchell and Jones, 2005). Two ASCII files are available for each year for the freezing and thawing indices, respectively. Each file is approximately 5.5 MB in size. In addition, there is one 10.4 MB ASCII file defining the latitude and longitude coordinates for each grid point. The data set is available in compressed form via FTP.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-air-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-degree-days-freezing-thawing-index, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-air-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration