AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Carbamazepine reduces memory induced activation of mesial temporal lobe structures: a pharmacological fMRI-study

Background and Purpose
          It is not known whether carbamazepine (CBZ; a drug widely used in neurology and psychiatry) influences the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) contrast changes induced by neuronal activation and measured by functional MRI (fMRI). We aimed to investigate the influence of CBZ on memory induced activation of the mesial temporal lobes in patients with symptomatic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
        
        
          Material and Methods
          Twenty-one individual patients with refractory symptomatic TLE with different CBZ serum levels and 20 healthy controls were studied using BOLD fMRI. Mesial temporal lobe (MTL) activation was induced by a task that is based on the retrieval of individually familiar visuo-spatial knowledge. The extent of significant MTL fMRI activation was measured and correlated with the CBZ serum level.
        
        
          Results
          In TLE patients, the extent of significant fMRI activation over both MTL was negatively correlated to the CBZ serum level (Spearman r = -0.654, P < 0.001). Activation over the supposedly normal MTL, i.e. contralateral to the seizure onset of TLE patients, was smaller than the averaged MTL activation in healthy controls (P < 0.005). Age, duration of epilepsy, side of seizure onset, and intelligence were not correlated to the extent of the significant BOLD-response over both MTL in patients with TLE.
        
        
          Conclusions
          In TLE patients, carbamazepine reduces the fMRI-detectable changes within the mesial temporal lobes as induced by effortful memory retrieval. FMRI appears to be suitable to study the effects of chronic drug treatment in patients with epilepsy.

Tags: carbamazepine-effect, fmri-study, memory-activation, nih, temporal-lobe-epilepsy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Di-, tri- and tetra-5'-

Background
          The human FHIT gene is inactivated early in the development of many human cancers and loss of Fhit in mouse predisposes to cancer while reintroduction of FHIT suppresses tumor formation via induction of apoptosis. Fhit protein, a diadenosine polyphosphate hydrolase, does not require hydrolase activity to function in tumor suppression and may signal for apoptosis as an enzyme-substrate complex. Thus, high affinity nonhydrolyzable substrate analogs may either promote or antagonize Fhit function, depending on their features, in Fhit + cells. Previously synthesized analogs with phosphorothioadenosyl substitutions and "supercharged" branches do not bind better than natural substrates and thus have limited potential as cellular probes.
        
        
          Results
          Here we link adenosine 5'-O-phosphates and phosphorothioates to short-chain polyols to generate a series of substrate analogs. We obtain structure-activity data in the form of in vitro Fhit inhibition for four types of analog substitutions and describe two compounds, inhibitory constants for which are 65 and 75-fold lower than natural substrates.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The best Fhit inhibitors obtained to date separate two or more 5'-O-phosphoromonothioadenosyl moieties with as many bond lengths as in AppppA, maintain oxygen at the location of the α-β bridging oxygen, and replace carbon for the β phosphorus.

Tags: apoptosis, cancer-research, enzyme-substrate, fhit-protein, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Expression of c-

Background
          A study was undertaken to resolve preliminary conflicting results on the proliferation of leukemia cells observed with different c-myc antisense oligonucleotides.
        
        
          Results
          RNase H-active, chimeric methylphosphonodiester / phosphodiester antisense oligodeoxynucleotides targeting bases 1147–1166 of c-myc mRNA downregulated c-Myc protein and induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest respectively in cultures of MOLT-4 and KYO1 human leukemia cells. In contrast, an RNase H-inactive, morpholino antisense oligonucleotide analogue 28-mer, simultaneously targeting the exon 2 splice acceptor site and initiation codon, reduced c-Myc protein to barely detectable levels but did not affect cell proliferation in these or other leukemia lines. The RNase H-active oligodeoxynucleotide 20-mers contained the phosphodiester linked motif CGTTG, which as an apoptosis inducing CpG oligodeoxynucleotide 5-mer of sequence type CGNNN (N = A, G, C, or T) had potent activity against MOLT-4 cells. The 5-mer mimicked the antiproliferative effects of the 20-mer in the absence of any antisense activity against c-myc mRNA, while the latter still reduced expression of c-myc in a subline of MOLT-4 cells that had been selected for resistance to CGTTA, but in this case the oligodeoxynucleotide failed to induce apoptosis or cell cycle arrest.
        
        
          Conclusions
          We conclude that the biological activity of the chimeric c-myc antisense 20-mers resulted from a non-antisense mechanism related to the CGTTG motif contained within the sequence, and not through downregulation of c-myc. Although the oncogene may have been implicated in the etiology of the original leukemias, expression of c-myc is apparently no longer required to sustain continuous cell proliferation in these culture lines.

Tags: antisense-oligonucleotides, c-myc-protein, cell-proliferation, leukemia-cells, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2017 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables

These are the 2017 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables. URS is a state, national, and territories reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, evidence-based-practices, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Mutational analysis of human profilin I reveals a second PI(4,5)-P

Background
          Profilin is a small cytoskeletal protein which interacts with actin, proline-rich proteins and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)-P2). Crystallography, NMR and mutagenesis of vertebrate profilins have revealed the amino acid residues that are responsible for the interactions with actin and poly(L-proline) peptides. Although Arg88 of human profilin I was shown to be involved in PI(4,5)-P2-binding, it was suggested that carboxy terminal basic residues may be involved as well.
        
        
          Results 
          Using site directed mutagenesis we have refined the PI(4,5)-P2 binding site of human profilin I. For each mutant we assessed the stability and studied the interactions with actin, a proline-rich peptide and PI(4,5)-P2 micelles. We identified at least two PI(4,5)-P2-binding regions in human profilin I. As expected, one region comprises Arg88 and overlaps with the actin binding site. The second region involves Arg136 in the carboxy terminal helix and neighbours the poly(L-proline) binding site. In addition, we show that adding a small protein tag to the carboxy terminus of profilin strongly reduces binding to poly(L-proline), suggesting local conformational changes of the carboxy terminal α-helix may have dramatic effects on ligand binding.
        
        
          Conclusions 
          The involvement of the two terminal α-helices of profilin in ligand binding imposes important structural constraints upon the functions of this region. Our data suggest a model in which the competitive interactions between PI(4,5)-P2 and actin and PI(4,5)-P2 and poly(L-proline) regulate profilin functions.

Tags: actin-binding, nih, pi45-p2-binding, profilin-i, site-directed-mutagenesis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Somatic embryogenesis, rhizogenesis, and morphinan alkaloids production in two species of opium poppy

A study of somatic embryogenesis and rhizogenesis and their
influence on production of morphinan alkaloids on two species of opium poppy is presented. We identified the ratios of auxin and cytokinin that caused somatic embryogenesis and rhizogenesis in hypocotyl and cotyledons of Papaver somniferum album and Papaver orientale splendidissimum. The hypocotyls and cotyledons both show somatic embryogenesis in Papaver somniferum album whereas only the cotyledons were embryogenic in Papaver orientale splendidissimum. For rhizogenesis, the most
important response is on the cotyledons and leaves in these two species. Histology showed characteristic stages of somatic embryo: Globular, cotyledonous, and heart cotyledonary. High performance liquid chromatography analysis showed that the roots of both species synthesized codeine, thebaine, and papaverine. Morphine was only detected in aerial parts of Papaver
somniferum album. Codeine and thebaine were detected in the rhizogenous but no embryonic callus. These results suggest that root organogenesis is causally related to alkaloid biosynthesis.

Tags: morphinan-alkaloids, nih, opium-poppy, rhizogenesis, somatic-embryogenesis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525458: 3-Thia-1-butanethiol

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2-methylsulfanylethanethiol. Molecular Formula: C3H8S2. Molecular Weight: 108.23. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Pennsylvania, 2014

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Pennsylvania. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment, and medicare enrollees for the years 2009 to 2013.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, pennsylvania, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525452: 3-Methyl-4,6-dithiaoctane

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 2-(ethylsulfanylmethylsulfanyl)butane. Molecular Formula: C7H16S2. Molecular Weight: 164.3. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cytokine-stimulated T cells induce macrophage IL-10 production dependent on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and p70S6K: implications for rheumatoid arthritis

IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in the joint in rheumatoid arthritis by macrophages and infiltrating blood lymphocytes. Regulation of its expression is poorly understood, but previous findings have suggested that physical interactions with T cells may play a role. This report investigates signalling mechanisms involved in the production of macrophage IL-10 upon interaction with fixed, cytokine-stimulated T cells (Tck). Elutriated monocytes were differentiated to macrophages by macrophage-colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and co-cultured with fixed T cells chronically stimulated in a cytokine cocktail of IL-2/IL-6/tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the presence or absence of wortmannin and LY294002, inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), or of rapamycin, an inhibitor of p70 S6-kinase (p70S6K). Spontaneous IL-10 production by rheumatoid arthritis synovial-membrane mononuclear cells (RA-SMCs) and co-cultures of rheumatoid arthritis T cells (RA-Ts) and macrophages was also assessed. RA-T and Tck induction of macrophage IL-10 production was suppressed by cell separation and inhibition of PI3K and p70S6K. PI3K involvement was also shown by phosphorylation of the downstream effector protein kinase B. Spontaneous IL-10 production by RA-SMCs was also inhibited by LY294002 and depletion of the nonadherent (T-cell-enriched) fraction of the cell population. IL-10 production in RA-SMCs and M-CSF-primed macrophages, activated by interaction with Tck, is PI3K- and p70S6K-dependent.

Tags: il-10-production, macrophage-activation, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, t-cell-interaction
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
4.23 Facilities using counseling as part of their substance abuse treatment program, by primary focus of facility: March 31, 2011.  Number

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing facilities using counseling as part of their substance abuse treatment program, by primary focus of facility in 2011. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: counseling-services, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Children's Bureau Program Funding

This page provides a list of funding sources for Children's Bureau programs.

For information on grants awarded to states, tribes, and individual organizations and information on how to apply for discretionary grants, go to the Grants page as well as to Grants.gov
  
  

.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: fiscal, grant, scope, social, state
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Delaware

This is the 2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Delaware. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2007 NSDUH Detailed Tables

These are the National Detailed Tables for the 2007 NSDUH.  The sections are:Illicit Drug Use Tables - 1.1 to 1.92Tobacco Product and Alcohol Use Tables - 2.1 to 2.84Risk and Protective Factors Tables - 3.1 to 3.24Incidence Tables - 4.1 to 4.16Dependence, Abuse, and Treatment Tables - 5.1 to 5.56Mental Health Tables - 6.1 to 6.41Miscellaneous Tables - 7.1 to 7.115Trend Tables - 8.1 to 8.42Sample Size and Population Tables - 9.1 to 9.13

Tags: mental-health, risk-factors, samhsa, substance-use, treatment-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The glial growth factors deficiency and synaptic destabilization hypothesis of schizophrenia

Background
          A systems approach to understanding the etiology of schizophrenia requires a theory which is able to integrate genetic as well as neurodevelopmental factors.
        
        
          Presentation of the hypothesis
          Based on a co-localization of loci approach and a large amount of circumstantial evidence, we here propose that a functional deficiency of glial growth factors and of growth factors produced by glial cells are among the distal causes in the genotype-to-phenotype chain leading to the development of schizophrenia. These factors include neuregulin, insulin-like growth factor I, insulin, epidermal growth factor, neurotrophic growth factors, erbB receptors, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, growth arrest specific genes, neuritin, tumor necrosis factor alpha, glutamate, NMDA and cholinergic receptors. A genetically and epigenetically determined low baseline of glial growth factor signaling and synaptic strength is expected to increase the vulnerability for additional reductions (e.g., by viruses such as HHV-6 and JC virus infecting glial cells). This should lead to a weakening of the positive feedback loop between the presynaptic neuron and its targets, and below a certain threshold to synaptic destabilization and schizophrenia.
        
        
          Testing the hypothesis
          Supported by informed conjectures and empirical facts, the hypothesis makes an attractive case for a large number of further investigations.
        
        
          Implications of the hypothesis
          The hypothesis suggests glial cells as the locus of the genes-environment interactions in schizophrenia, with glial asthenia as an important factor for the genetic liability to the disorder, and an increase of prolactin and/or insulin as possible working mechanisms of traditional and atypical neuroleptic treatments.

Tags: glial-growth-factors, neurodevelopmental-factors, nih, schizophrenia-etiology, synaptic-destabilization
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Instructions to update the SAMHSA SMI and SED Estimates URS Table 1: Number of Adults with Serious Mental Illness, age 18 and older, by State, 2014

These instructions explain how to update the 2014 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Serious Mental Illness (SMI) and Serious Emotional Disturbances (SED) estimates. This includes obtaining the latest population data by state from the U.S. Census Bureau as well as the calculations and methodology necessary to create updated estimates.

Tags: adult-mental-health, samhsa, serious-mental-illness, smi-estimates, state-level-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Atypical Herpes simplex keratitis (HSK) presenting as a perforated corneal ulcer with a large infiltrate in a contact lens wearer: multinucleated giant cells in the Giemsa smear offered a clue to the diagnosis

Purpose
          To report a case of atypical herpes simplex keratitis initially diagnosed as bacterial keratitis, in a contact lens wearer.
        
        
          Results
          Case report of an 18-year-old woman using contact lenses who presented with pain, redness and gradual decrease in vision in the right eye. Examination revealed a paracentral large stromal infiltrate with a central 2-mm perforation. Corneal and conjunctival scrapings were collected for microbiological investigations. Corneal tissue was obtained following penetrating keratoplasty. Corneal scraping revealed no microorganisms. Giemsa stained smear showed multinucleated giant cells. Conjunctival, corneal scrapings and tissue were positive for herpes simplex virus - 1 (HSV) antigen. Corneal tissue was positive for HSV DNA by PCR.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Atypical HSV keratitis can occur in contact lens wearers. A simple investigation like Giemsa stain may offer a clue to the diagnosis.

Tags: contact-lens-wearer, corneal-ulcer, giemsa-stain, herpes-simplex-keratitis, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Final Rule on Foster Care Legal Representation

The purpose of this Information Memorandum (IM) is to inform title IV-B and title IV-E agencies that the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) published a final rule for Foster Care Legal Representation on May 10, 2024 (89 FR 40400
  
  

). The final rule allows title IV-E agencies to claim FFP for administrative costs of legal and certain non-legal representation.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: child, foster, guidance, legal, policy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Tennessee

This is the 2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Tennessee. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Characterization of subcellular localization and stability of a splice variant of G alpha

Background
          Alternative mRNA splicing of αi2, a heterotrimeric G protein α subunit, has been shown to produce an additional protein, termed sαi2. In the sαi2 splice variant, 35 novel amino acids replace the normal C-terminal 24 amino acids of αi2. Whereas αi2 is found predominantly at cellular plasma membranes, sαi2 has been localized to intracellular Golgi membranes, and the unique 35 amino acids of sαi2 have been suggested to constitute a specific targeting signal.
        
        
          Results
          This paper proposes and examines an alternative hypothesis: disruption of the normal C-terminus of αi2 produces an unstable protein that fails to localize to plasma membranes. sαi2 is poorly expressed upon transfection of cultured cells; however, radiolabeling indicated that αi2 and sαi2 undergo myristoylation, a co-translational modification, equally well suggesting that protein stability rather than translation is affected. Indeed, pulse-chase analysis indicates that sαi2 is more rapidly degraded compared to αi2. Co-expression of βγ rescues PM localization and increases expression of sαi2. In addition, αi2A327S, a mutant previously shown to be unstable and defective in guanine-nucleotide binding, and αi2(1–331), in which the C-terminal 24 amino acids of αi2 are deleted, show a similar pattern of subcellular localization as sαi2 (i.e., intracellular membranes rather than plasma membranes). Finally, sαi2 displays a propensity to localize to potential aggresome-like structures.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Thus, instead of the novel C-terminus of sαi2 functioning as a specific Golgi targeting signal, the results presented here indicate that the disruption of the normal C-terminus of αi2 causes mislocalization and rapid degradation of sαi2.

Tags: g-protein-signaling, mrna-splicing, nih, protein-localization, protein-stability
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2010-2011 NSDUH State Estimates of Substance Use and Mental Disorders

This page presents the tables of State-specific tables of State estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Results are provided by State by age group.

Tags: mental-disorders, samhsa, serious-mental-illness, state-estimates, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528528: Hexadecane, 6-hexyl

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 7-pentylheptadecane. Molecular Formula: C22H46. Molecular Weight: 310.6. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services