AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
BackscatterB [7125]--Offshore Pigeon Point, California

This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of Offshore of Pigeon Point map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as three separate grids depending on mapping system. This metadata file refers to the data included in  "BackscatterB_7125_OffshorePigeonPoint.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513W80. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Watt, J.T., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Johnson, S.Y., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1232, pamphlet 40 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151232.
The acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of Pigeon Point, California was generated from backscatter data collected by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB), by Fugro Pelagos, and by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Mapping was completed between 2006 and 2009, using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125 and 244-kHz Reson 8101 multibeam echosounders, as well as a 234-kHz SWATHplus bathymetric sidescan-sonar system. Within the final imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones).

Tags: acoustic-reflectivity, ano-nuevo, backscatter, bathymetry, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, continental-island-shelf, distributions, ecosystems, environment, fisheries, geology, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, image-mosaics, imagerybasemapsearthcover, intensity, maps-and-atlases, marine-geophysics, marine-nearshore-subtidal, marine-offshore-subtidal, multibeam-sonar, northern-california-ecoregion, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pacific-ocean, pcmsc, physical-habitats-and-geomorphology, pigeon-point, rock-substrate, san-mateo-county, sea-floor-acoustic-reflectivity, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, seafloor-character, sidescan-sonar, sonar-methods, state-of-california, transform-continental-margin, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-mineral-substrate, usgs, usgs-5548073be4b0a658d7954cf6
Organization: Department of the Interior
BackscatterC [SWATH]--Offshore Pigeon Point, California

This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of Offshore of Pigeon Point map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as three separate grids depending on mapping system. This metadata file refers to the data included in  "BackscatterC_SWATH_OffshorePigeonPoint.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513W80. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Watt, J.T., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Johnson, S.Y., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1232, pamphlet 40 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151232.
The acoustic-backscatter map of the Offshore of Pigeon Point, California was generated from backscatter data collected by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB), by Fugro Pelagos, and by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Mapping was completed between 2006 and 2009, using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125 and 244-kHz Reson 8101 multibeam echosounders, as well as a 234-kHz SWATHplus bathymetric sidescan-sonar system. Within the final imagery, brighter tones indicate higher backscatter intensity, and darker tones indicate lower backscatter intensity. The intensity represents a complex interaction between the acoustic pulse and the seafloor, as well as characteristics within the shallow subsurface, providing a general indication of seafloor texture and composition. Backscatter intensity depends on the acoustic source level; the frequency used to image the seafloor; the grazing angle; the composition and character of the seafloor, including grain size, water content, bulk density, and seafloor roughness; and some biological cover. Harder and rougher bottom types such as rocky outcrops or coarse sediment typically return stronger intensities (high backscatter, lighter tones), whereas softer bottom types such as fine sediment return weaker intensities (low backscatter, darker tones).

Tags: acoustic-reflectivity, ano-nuevo, backscatter, bathymetry, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, continental-island-shelf, distributions, ecosystems, environment, fisheries, geology, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, image-mosaics, imagerybasemapsearthcover, intensity, maps-and-atlases, marine-geophysics, marine-nearshore-subtidal, marine-offshore-subtidal, multibeam-sonar, northern-california-ecoregion, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pacific-ocean, pcmsc, physical-habitats-and-geomorphology, pigeon-point, rock-substrate, san-mateo-county, sea-floor-acoustic-reflectivity, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, seafloor-character, sidescan-sonar, sonar-methods, state-of-california, transform-continental-margin, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-mineral-substrate, usgs, usgs-5548064be4b0a658d7954957
Organization: Department of the Interior
CMECS geoform, substrate, and biotopes offshore of Burien, Washington

This part of USGS Data Series 935 (Cochrane, 2014) presents substrate, geomorphic, and biotope data in the Offshore of Burien, Washington, map area, a part of the Southern Salish Sea Habitat Map Series. Given the variable bathymetric resolution, the complex geologic history of the region, and the lack of acoustic backscatter data, automated and semi-automated classification schemes of classifying seafloor substrate and geoform were deemed to have very low accuracy. Instead, classification of these properties was performed manually following the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS; Madden and others, 2009) using observations from underwater video footage.
The best overall predictors of biotic assemblage were used to generate the CMECS biotopes. However, the nature of the biological data gathered makes it difficult to define clear biotopes. It was difficult to see or identify many organisms in the underwater video, and with an average of only 3-4 taxa identified per sampling unit, it is hard to characterize biotic assemblages. Some biological clusters of taxa were identified statistically for multiple map areas, and within each area, some of these groupings were found at consistent depths and/or with predictable substrates. The maps are not fine-grained enough to capture the physical variation seen within one-minute video units. Depth zones in the biotope map are based on Dethier (1992).

Tags: biodiversity, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, environment, field-observation, geoscientificinformation, habitat, imagerybasemapsearthcover, invertebrates, king-county, kitsap-county, marine-habitat, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pcmsc, physical-habitats-and-geomorphology, pierce-county, puget-sound, salish-sea, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, state-of-washington, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-55024689-ba06-4f94-8a9a-fdac285f70eb
Organization: Department of the Interior
Bathymetry--Offshore Pigeon Point, California

This part of DS 781 presents data for the bathymetry map of Offshore Pigeon Point, California. The raster data file is included in "Bathymetry_OffshorePigeonPoint.zip", which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513W80. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Watt, J.T., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Johnson, S.Y., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1232, pamphlet 40 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151232.
The bathymetry map of Offshore Pigeon Point, California, was generated from bathymetry data collected by California State University, Monterey Bay (CSUMB), by Fugro Pelagos, and by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Mapping was completed between 2006 and 2009, using a combination of 400-kHz Reson 7125 (CSUMB) and 244-kHz Reson 8101  (Fugros) multibeam echosounders, as well as a 234-kHz SWATHplus bathymetric sidescan-sonar system (USGS). These mapping missions combined to collect bathymetry from about the 10-m isobath to beyond the 3-nautical-mile limit of California's State Waters. NOTE: The horizontal datum of this bathymetry data (NAD83) differs from the horizontal datum of other layers in this SIM (WGS84). Some bathymetry grids within this map area were projected horizontally from WGS84 to NAD83 using ESRI tools to be more consistent with the vertical reference of the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD88). These data are not intended for navigational purposes.

Tags: ano-nuevo, bathymetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, bathymetry-measurement, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, continental-island-shelf, distributions, ecosystems, environment, fisheries, geology, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, imagerybasemapsearthcover, interferometric-sonar, maps-and-atlases, marine-geophysics, marine-nearshore-subtidal, marine-offshore-subtidal, multibeam-echo-sounder, multibeam-sonar, northern-california-ecoregion, ocean-floor-topography, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pacific-ocean, pcmsc, pigeon-point, rock-substrate, san-mateo-county, seabed, seafloor-character, seafloor-topography, sonar-methods, state-of-california, transform-continental-margin, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-mineral-substrate, usgs, usgs-5547faf3e4b0a658d7952db0
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geochemical Characteristics of the Conterminous United States: % Nitrogen

This raster depicts the percentage of lithological nitrogen (N) content in surface or near surface geology. We derived these rasters by calculating the average percent N content for each map unit in combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps. We used state geologic maps (Preliminary Integrated Geologic Map Databases for the United States, Open File Reports 2004-1355, 2005-1305, 2005-1323, 2005-1324, 2005-1325, 2005-1351, and 2006-1272), which depict surficial geology instead of bedrock when the surficial layers are sufficiently deep. For the state maps that do not incorporate surficial geology (i.e., midwestern states), we overlaid surficial geologic map units with thicknesses greater than 100 feet (from Soller and Reheis [2004]) to produce combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps that were similar to other states. We characterized geology based on the 201 different lithologies that the Geologic Map Database lists as occurring in the conterminous United States. Because some of these lithologies are known to have chemical attributes that vary widely, we created an additional 83 lithologic classes based on the common modifiers used in the geologic unit descriptions to better parse chemical variability within the lithologies (e.g., carbonaceous and noncarbonaceous sandstone). Modifiers were assigned base on descriptions of geologic formations obtained through either the Lexicon of Geologic Names of the United States or literature searches. Sixteen lithologic classes were not characterized because the class was not a specific rock type (e.g., mélange, water, and landslide). These classes were characterized as no data. We translated each state’s combined surficial-bedrock geologic maps into characteristics following the methods in Olson and Hawkins (2012) by assigning an estimate of each map unit’s percent N content to every occurrence of that map unit in the combined surficial-bedrock geologic map. This estimate was calculated as the average of literature or database values of the respective property for each lithological class contained within the map unit weighted by the prevalence of each lithological class within the map unit. The accompanying Excel workbook (Lith-Nutrient.xls) contains a summary of all of the average geochemical characteristics for each lithology (“Lith Summary” tab) and tabs for each individual lithology that include the source of each record (e.g., originating from the Earth Chem Database or the specific literature reference), as well as the calculations used to determine the measure of central tendency (mean or median depending on the data). The final national raster was created by merging each of the individual state rasters. Users should be cognizant that some differences will exist in chemical and physical characterizations across state lines that are caused by unreconciled differences in lithologic descriptions or mapping scales used among the underlying state source maps.

Tags: bedrock, geochemistry, geology, nitrogen, usgs-5530415ee4b0b22a15806005
Organization: Department of the Interior
Folds--Offshore Pigeon Point, California

This part of DS 781 presents data for the folds for the geologic and geomorphic map of the Offshore Pigeon Point map area, California. The vector data file is included in "Folds_OffshorePigeonPoint.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513W80. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Watt, J.T., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Johnson, S.Y., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1232, pamphlet 40 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151232.

Tags: bathymetry, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, continental-island-shelf, environment, folding-geologic, geologic-structure, geoscientificinformation, imagerybasemapsearthcover, marine-geology, marine-nearshore-subtidal, marine-offshore-subtidal, northern-california-ecoregion, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pacific-ocean, pcmsc, pescadero, pigeon-point, rock-substrate, san-mateo-county, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, seafloor-topography, state-of-california, structural-geology, transform-continental-margin, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-mineral-substrate, usgs, usgs-5547f704e4b0a658d7952b6b
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geology and geomorphology--Offshore Pigeon Point, California

This part of DS 781 presents data for the geologic and geomorphic map of the Offshore Pigeon Point map area, California. The vector data file is included in "Geology_OffshorePigeonPoint.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7513W80. 
Marine geology and geomorphology were mapped in the Offshore Pigeon Point map area, California, from approximate Mean High Water (MHW) to the 3-nautical-mile limit of California's State Waters. Offshore geologic units were delineated on the basis of integrated analyses of adjacent onshore geology with multibeam bathymetry and backscatter imagery, seafloor-sediment and rock samples, digital camera and video imagery, and high-resolution seismic-reflection profiles.
These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Watt, J.T., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Johnson, S.Y., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series—Offshore of Pigeon Point, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015–1232, pamphlet 40 p., 10 sheets, scale 1:24,000, https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20151232.

Tags: bathymetry, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, continental-island-shelf, environment, geologic-mapping, geologic-maps, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, imagerybasemapsearthcover, maps-and-atlases, marine-geology, marine-nearshore-subtidal, marine-offshore-subtidal, northern-california-ecoregion, oceans, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pacific-ocean, pcmsc, pescadero, pigeon-point, rock-substrate, san-mateo-county, sea-floor-characteristics, seabed, seafloor-topography, state-of-california, transform-continental-margin, u-s-geological-survey, unconsolidated-mineral-substrate, usgs, usgs-5547f455e4b0a658d79529f1
Organization: Department of the Interior
Use of amphibian communities as indicators of restoration success

The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP) requires the use of ecological indicators to measure the success of restoration efforts.  The Everglades amphibian community is ideal because amphibians are present in all habitats and under all hydrologic regimes.  During Everglades restoration, hydrologic patterns will change and the response of ecological indicators will determine success. Fourteen amphibian species were detected through visual encounter surveys (VES), vocalization surveys and trapping methods throughout the study and the occurrence information collected in this project database.

Tags: amphibians, ecological-indicators, reptiles, restoration, usgs-53bc187fe4b084059e8bffca
Organization: Department of the Interior
45-m Grid of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Survey H11321 in Central Rhode Island Sound (H11321_GEO45M, Geographic)

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) is working cooperatively with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) to interpret the surficial geology in estuaries along the coast of the northeastern United States. The purpose of our present study is to define the sea floor morphology and sedimentary environments in an area of central Rhode Island Sound using sidescan-sonar imagery, multibeam bathymetry and seismic records. The mosaic, bathymetry, and their interpretations serve many purposes, including: (1) defining the geological variability of the sea floor, which is one of the primary controls of benthic habitat diversity; (2) improving our understanding of the processes that control the distribution and transport of bottom sediments and the distribution of benthic habitats and associated infaunal community structures; and (3) providing a detailed framework for future research, monitoring, and management activities. The sidescan-sonar mosaics and bathymetry images also serve as base maps for subsequent sedimentological, geochemical, and biological observations, because precise information on environmental setting is important for selection of sampling sites and for accurate interpretations of point measurements.

Tags: arcraster-grid, atlantic-ocean, bathymetry, cmgp, coastal-and-marine-geology-program, depth, elevation, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, marine-geophysics, multibeam-bathymetry, multibeam-sonar, national-oceanic-and-atmospheric-administration, noaa, noaa-ship-rude, north-america, north-atlantic-ocean, northeast-united-states, oceans, ofr-2007-1366, open-file-report-2007-1366, rhode-island, rhode-island-sound, sea-floor-characteristics, survey-h11321, u-s-east-coast, u-s-geological-survey, united-states, usgs, usgs-55431caa-e7c6-4773-9b20-f1d63e07b0fe, whsc, woods-hole-science-center
Organization: Department of the Interior
Beach Profile Data Collected from Madeira Beach, Florida (February 4, 2022)

This dataset, prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center (SPCMSC), provides beach profile data collected at Madeira Beach, Florida. Data were collected on foot by a person equipped with a Global Positioning System (GPS) antenna affixed to a backpack outfitted for surveying location and elevation data (XYZ) along pre-determined transects. The horizontal position data are given in the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) projected coordinate system, Zone 17 North (17N), referenced to the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83); the elevation data are referenced to the North American Vertical Datum of 1988 (NAVD 88), GEOID12B.

Tags: altimetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, beach, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, distributions, earth-science-gt-land-surface-gt-topography-gt-terrain-elevation, earth-science-gt-oceans-gt-coastal-processes-gt-beaches, elevation, elevation-data, florida, geology, geomorphology, geoscientificinformation, global-positioning-system-gps-observations, gps-measurement, gulf-of-mexico, madeira-beach, marine-geology, oceans, providers-gt-government-agencies-u-s-federal-agencies-gt-doi-gt-usgs-gt-doi-usgs-cmg-gt-coastal, spcmsc, st-petersburg-coastal-and-marine-science-center, topographic-mapping, topography, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-5530deb9-7a24-499c-b5ca-6802a5ad0416
Organization: Department of the Interior