AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Water Use in Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS): Geology of U.S. Stimulation Projects, Water Costs, and Alternative Water Use Policies

According to the Energy Information Administration (EIA) of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), geothermal energy generation in the United States is projected to more than triple by 2040 (EIA 2013). This addition, which translates to more than 5 GW of generation capacity, is anticipated because of technological advances and an increase in available sources through the continued development of enhanced geothermal systems (EGSs) and low-temperature resources (EIA 2013). Studies have shown that air emissions, water consumption, and land use for geothermal electricity generation have less of an impact than traditional fossil fuel-based electricity generation; however, the long-term sustainability of geothermal power plants can be affected by insufficient replacement of aboveground or belowground operational fluid losses resulting from normal operations (Schroeder et al. 2014). Thus, access to water is therefore critical for increased deployment of EGS technologies and, therefore, growth of the geothermal sector. This paper examines water issues relating to EGS development from a variety of perspectives. It starts by exploring the relationship between EGS site geology, stimulation protocols, and below ground water loss, which is one of the largest drivers of water consumption for EGS projects.  It then examines the relative costs of different potential traditional and alternative water sources for EGS. Finally it summarizes specific state policies relevant to the use of alternative water sources for EGS, and finally explores the relationship between EGS site geology, stimulation protocols, and below ground water loss, which is one of the largest drivers of water consumption for EGS projects.  

Tags: alternative-water, desert-peak, egs, enhance-geothermal-system, geology, geothermal, newberry, newberry-volcano, policy, power, raft-river, the-geysers, water, water-use
Organization: Department of Energy
Poroelastic References

This file contains a list of relevant references on the Biot theory (forward and inverse approaches), the double-porosity and dual-permeability theory, and seismic wave propagation in fracture porous media, in RIS format, to approach seismic monitoring in a complex fractured porous medium such as Brady's Geothermal Field.

Tags: biot, biot-theory, brady, double-porosity, dual-permeability, fracture, fracture-porous-media, geothermal, porous, ris, seismic-monitoring, seismic-wave-propagation
Organization: Department of Energy
Value of Information References

This file contains a list of relevant references on value of information (VOI) in RIS format. VOI provides a quantitative analysis to evaluate the outcome of the combined technologies (seismology, hydrology, geodesy) used to monitor Brady's Geothermal Field. 

Tags: brady, bradys-geothermal-field, geodesy, geothermal, hydrology, references, resources, ris, seismology, value-of-information, voi
Organization: Department of Energy
Geothermal Drilling and Completions: Petroleum Practices Technology Transfer

NREL and the Colorado School of Mines (SURGE) conducted research in FY14 to identify petroleum drilling and completion practices (methods and technologies) that can be transferred to geothermal drilling and completion, to provide the geothermal industry with more effective, lower cost and lower risk methods. The submitted resource is the FY14 project final report.


Tags: best-practices, completion, cost, drilling, final-report, geothermal, methods, petroleum, technology, technology-transfer
Organization: Department of Energy
Geologic and Geophysical Data for Wells Drilled at Raft River Valley, Cassia County, Idaho, in 1977 to 1978 and Data for Wells Drilled Previously

In order to better define the size of the thermal anomaly in the Raft River Valley, Idaho, the U.S. Geological Survey drilled a series of intermediate-depth (nominal 500-ft depth) wells in 1977 and 1978. This report presents geologic, geophysical, and temperature data for these drill holes, along with data for five wells drilled by the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory with U.S. Department of Energy funding. Data previously reported for other drill holes are also included in order to make them available as digital files.

Tags: cassia-county, data, doi10-3133-ofr20141201, drill-holes, geiohysics, geologic, geology, geophysical-data, geothermal, idaho, open-file-report, raft-river, temperature-data, usgs, wells
Organization: Department of Energy
Geologic Framework of Thermal Springs, Black Canyon, Nevada and Arizona

This report presents the geologic framework critical in understanding spring discharge and the hydrogeology in Black Canyon directly south of Lake Mead below Hoover Dam, Nevada and Arizona. Most of the springs are thermal 2 Geologic Framework of Thermal Springs, Black Canyon, Nevada and Arizona with temperatures as much as 45 degrees C. This study is part of a hydrogeologic and geochemical study of the Black Canyon thermal springs by the U.S. Geological Survey, funded by the National Park Service and National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The study consisted of (1) compilation of existing geologic mapping, augmented by new field geologic mapping and geochronology (Felger and others, 2014), (2) collection and analysis of structural data adjacent to the springs of interest (appendix 1; Anderson and Beard, 2011; Beard and others, 2011a), and (3) construction of regional cross sections (pl. 1). The most significant results identify faults, fracture zones, and rock characteristics that influence the hydrogeology of Black Canyon. Additional results include refinement of the volcanic stratigraphy based on field mapping and new geochronology. This report will be integrated into a companion hydrogeologic report that includes new geochemical and spring flow data that describes groundwater components of Black Canyon thermal springs (M. Moran, written commun, 2013).

Tags: arizona, black-canyon, cross-section, faults, fracture-zones, geochronology, geologic-mapping, geology, geothermal, hydrogeologic, hydrogeology, map, nevada, rock-characteristics, stratigraphy, structural, structure, thermal-springs, usgs
Organization: Department of Energy
3D Seismic Reflection Attributes of a Geothermal Area

Images from a 3D seismic reflection survey across a geothermal area are shown. Images of coherency and acoustic impedance are shown. Well tracks and MEQ location are overlain.  

Tags: 3d-seismic-reflection, acoustics, attribute, attributes, geophysical-survey, geophysics, geothermal, images, imaging, meq, microearthquake, model, seismic, subsurface, well
Organization: Department of Energy
Reservoir Stimulation Optimization with Operational Monitoring for Creation of EGS

EGS field projects have not sustained production at rates greater than 1/2 of what is needed for economic viability. The primary limitation that makes commercial EGS infeasible is our current inability to cost-effectively create high-permeability reservoirs from impermeable, igneous rock within the 3,000-10,000 ft depth range. Our goal is to develop a novel fracturing fluid technology that maximizes reservoir permeability while reducing stimulation cost and environmental impact. Laboratory equipment development to advance laboratory characterization/monitoring is also a priority of this project to study and optimize the physicochemical properties of these fracturing fluids in a range of reservoir conditions. Barrier G is the primarily intended GTO barrier to be addressed as well as support addressing barriers D, E and I.


Tags: acoustic-emission, acoustic-signature, egs, fracture-response, fracturing, geothermal, igneous-rock, laboratory-scale, permeability, rheoreversible-fluids, stress, volume-expansion, x-ray-microtomography, xmt
Organization: Department of Energy
Illite Dissolution Rates and Equation (100 to 280 deg C)

The objective of this suite of experiments was to develop a useful kinetic dissolution expression for illite applicable over an expanded range of solution pH and temperature conditions representative of subsurface conditions in natural and/or engineered geothermal reservoirs.  Using our new data, the resulting rate equation is dependent on both pH and temperature and utilizes two specific dissolution mechanisms (a "neutral" and a "basic" mechanism). The form of this rate equation should be easily incorporated into most existing reactive transport codes for to predict rock-water interactions in EGS shear zones.

Tags: dissolution-kinetics, equation, experiment, geothermal, illite, illite-dissolution, rate
Organization: Department of Energy
September 2014 Dixie Valley DOE Production Data

Binary Engineering production data. Used to demonstrate the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant.

Tags: bianry, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-data, unused-heat
Organization: Department of Energy
September 2014 Dixie Valley Binary Costs

Binary costs and man-hour data supporting the technical and economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the Dixie Valley Geothermal Power Plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, cost-data, costs, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada
Organization: Department of Energy
September 2014 Dixie Valley DOE Production Report

DOE summary report of data, operations, outages, and curtailments in order to support the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the Dixie Valley Geothermal Power Plant.

Tags: binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-report, summary, unused-heat, waste-water
Organization: Department of Energy
August 2014 Dixie Valley DOE Production Data

Binary Engineering production data for August 2014. Used to demonstrate the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-data, unused-heat
Organization: Department of Energy
August 2014 Dixie Valley Binary Costs

Binary Costs and man-hour data supporting the technical and economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the Dixie Valley Geothermal Power Plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, cost-data, costs, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada
Organization: Department of Energy
August 2014 Dixie Valley Report Binary Cycle Production Data Report

Generation data from August associated with the binary unit at Dixie Valley.  Includes summary of data, operations, outages, and curtailments in order to support the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the plant.

Tags: august, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, binary-system, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, dixie-valley, doe, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-data, production-report, report, unused-heat, waste-water
Organization: Department of Energy
Geothermal Case Studies on OpenEI

This submission contains links to Geothermal Areas on OpenEI that were completed as part of an effort to gather clean, unbiased information on which to build geothermal drilling prospects.  The specific areas that were part of this focused effort, or *case studies*, are linked individually, and also available for download as a table in CSV format.

The Geothermal Areas exist live on OpenEI and are constantly evolving with updated information.  Snapshots of both the specific case study areas and of all geothermal areas on OpenEI, from the time of submission, have been included in CSV format.  For the most up-to-date information, please use the provided **All Geothermal Areas** link to view these on OpenEI.

This dataset also includes a link to the Geothermal Exploration Overview page on OpenEI, which provides exhaustive detail on the activities cataloged for these case studies and their references, as well as the technologies employed in each geothermal area.

Tags: blue-mountain, caldera, case-history, case-studies, case-study, chena, dixie-valley, east-rift, environmental-issues, exploration, exploration-techniques, export, geothermal, geothermal-activities, geothermal-area, geothermal-areas, geothermal-resource-areas, hot-springs, kilauea, lightning-dock, list-of-areas, long-valley-caldera, map, mt-princeton, neal, north-brawley, online-list, overview, redondo, roosevelt, rye-patch, salt-wells, sulpher-springs, technical-issues, timeline, valles-caldera, waunita
Organization: Department of Energy
Operational Performance Requirements For Motor Power Sections Used in Geothermal Drilling Based Upon Minimum Specific Energy

Operational performance requirements are needed to support development of specifications for downhole motor power sections to be used for drilling hard rock during geothermal wellbore construction.  Theoretical torque specifications are derived based upon a widely-accepted rock-reduction model in the literature using representative properties for typical rock formations.  The derived values correspond to optimum motor performance for rock reduction at minimum specific energy and form a set of minimum requirements on output torque and power for downhole motors.  Actual values should be increased to account for factors such as increased hydrostatic pressure at depth, bit wear, heterogeneous rock, and non-ideal drilling conditions.

Tags: bit-wear, construction, downhole, drilling, geothermal, heterogeneous-geology, heterogeneous-rock, hydrostatic-pressure, motor, motor-power-sections, non-ideal-drilling-conditions, operations, performance-requirements, poor-drilling-conditions, power-section, specific-energy, torque, well, wellbore
Organization: Department of Energy
July 2014 Dixie DOE Data

Binary production Data. Used to demonstrate the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, bottoming, bottoming-cycle, brine, dixie-valley, engineering-data, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-data, unused-heat
Organization: Department of Energy
July 2014 Dixie Valley Binary Costs

Dixie Valley Binary Costs reports. Includes cost and man-hour data supporting the technical and economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the Dixie Valley Geothermal Power Plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, bottoming, brine, cost-data, costs, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada
Organization: Department of Energy
July 2014 Dixie Valley DOE Report

DOE Report Dixie Valley Binary project. Includes summary of data, operations, outages, and curtailments in order to support the techno-economic feasibility of utilizing the available unused heat to generate additional electric power from a binary power plant from the low-temperature brine at the Dixie Valley Geothermal Power Plant.

Tags: binary, binary-cycle, binary-power-plant, bottoming, brine, dixie-valley, geothermal, low-temperature, nevada, production-report, summary, unused-heat, waste-water
Organization: Department of Energy
Raw Neutron Scattering Data for Strain Measurement of Hydraulically Loaded Granite and Marble Samples in Triaxial Stress State

This entry contains raw data files from experiments performed on the Vulcan beamline at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory using a pressure cell. Cylindrical granite and marble samples were subjected to confining pressures of either 0 psi or approximately 2500 psi and internal pressures of either 0 psi, 1500 psi or 2500 psi through a blind axial hole at the center of one end of the sample. The sample diameters were 1.5" and the sample lengths were 6". The blind hole was 0.25" in diameter and 3" deep. One set of experiments measured strains at points located circumferentially around the center of the sample with identical radii to determine if there was strain variability (this would not be expected for a homogeneous material based on the symmetry of loading). Another set of experiments measured load variation across the radius of the sample at a fixed axial and circumferential location. Raw neutron diffraction intensity files and experimental parameter descriptions are included.

Tags: diffraction, egs, geothermal, granite, hydraulic-fracture, hydraulic-fracturing, marble, neutron, neutron-scattering, strain, stress, triaxial, vulcan-beamline
Organization: Department of Energy
Evaluation Data of a High Temperature COTS (Commercial Off-the-Shelf) Flash Memory Module (TI SM28VLT32) for Use in Geothermal Electronics Packages

The accompanying raw data is composslection. Each file is 3 columns and tab-delimited with the first column being the data address, the second column being the first byte of the data, and the third column being the second byte of the data.

Tags: borehole-temperatures, component-evaluation, cots-flash-memory-model, downhole-electronics, electronics, evaluation-data, flash-memory-module, geothermal, high-temperature, memory, ti-sm28vlt32
Organization: Department of Energy
Applications of Fractured Continuum Model to Enhanced Geothermal System Heat Extraction Problems

This paper describes the applications of the fractured continuum model to the different enhanced geothermal systems reservoir conditions. The capability of the fractured continuum model to generate fracture characteristics expected in enhanced geothermal systems reservoir environments are demonstrated for single and multiple sets of fractures. Fracture characteristics are defined by fracture strike, dip, spacing, and aperture. This paper demonstrates how the fractured continuum model can be extended to represent continuous fractured features, such as long fractures, and the conditions in which the fracture density varies within the different depth intervals. Simulations of heat transport using different fracture settings were compared with regard to their heat extraction effectiveness. The best heat extraction was obtained in the case when fractures were horizontal. A conventional heat extraction scheme with vertical wells was compared to an alternative scheme with horizontal wells. The heat extraction with the horizontal wells was significantly better than with the vertical wells when the injector was at the bottom.

Tags: egs, fracture, fracture-characteristics, fracture-continuum, fractured-continuum-model, geothermal, heat-extraction, horizontal-wells, reservoir-environment, simulation, vertical-wells
Organization: Department of Energy
Stability of Elastomers Subjected to Geothermal Well-Like Conditions

The aim of this study is to understand how commercially available elastomers perform under geothermal well-like conditions and make recommendations to the community based on these results. This poster highlights the mechanical performance of several elastomers (including EPDM, Viton A, Viton B, FFKM, and FEPM) after aging at elevated temperature, pressure, and in well brine and drilling solutions.

Tags: downhole, elastomers, geothermal, high-temperature, o-ring, performance, well
Organization: Department of Energy
Practices Maintain Straight Hole in Crooked Hole Conditions, While Also Enabling Significant Gains in Drill Rate

Bottom hole assembly (BHA) designs were assessed in field trials for their ability to achieve critical low inclination requirements, while simultaneously enabling high drill rates.  Because angle has historically been controlled by reducing weight on bit (WOB), these are often competing priorities.  The use of real time surveillance of mechanical specific energy (MSE) provided unique insights into the bit dysfunction that occurs with many practices used to control angle. These quantitative insights supported the development of BHA and operating practices that maintained low angle while also achieving major gains in drilling performance.   

The McGinness Hills field in Lander County Nevada is a geothermal operation with wells drilled in hard metamorphic and crystalline formations.  Wellbore inclinations must be maintained below 2.0 degrees in the critical 20 inch interval in order to allow use of lineshaft pumps, which is challenging in the required hole sizes and rock hardness.  Formation strengths are similar to petroleum operations in the Rockies and West Texas.  

Pendulum and packed-hole assemblies were tested, and straight motors and slick assemblies were used for corrections.  Well build rates were assumed to be controlled by the three-point curvature in the lower assembly and stabilizer placement was modified to control this curvature.  The effectiveness of the curvature control as WOB was increased was evaluated from inclination measurements.  Real time MSE analysis was used to manage bit operating performance and to determine the root causes of bit dysfunction.

The results demonstrated that packed-hole assemblies could be designed that controlled inclination while enabling 2-3 times higher WOB, and that the use of pendulum assemblies should be eliminated.  Packed assemblies drilled 87% faster.  The increased WOB resulted in higher drill rates, major reduction in whirl and extended bit life, which are equally important performance objectives in hard rock drilling.  The use of MSE surveillance allowed the physical processes to be understood deterministically, so that the philosophical design principles can be applied in other petroleum and geothermal operations.


Tags: angle, bha, bottom-hole-assembly, drilling, geothermal, inclination, mcginness-hills, mcginness-hills-field, mechanical-specific-energy, mse, packed-bha, pendulum-bha, spe, weight-on-bit, wob
Organization: Department of Energy