AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Thin section images of drill core and hand samples from the Stillwater Mine area, Stillwater Complex, Montana

This dataset includes photographic images of thin sections created from hand samples and drill core from the Stillwater Complex, Montana, along with a shapefile representing the locations of the underground samples and drill hole collars. The samples were collected and core was drilled in order to define platinum-group element resources associated with the J-M Reef at the Stillwater Mine in the Stillwater Complex. The images of the entire thin section, both in plane- and cross-polarized light, were taken using a high-resolution digital camera on a macro stand. The data in each zip file is organized into a folder containing the 'RAW' unprocessed .CR2 images (when available) and associated .xmp metadata files, and a folder containing processed .jpg images. Folders with a "p1" or "p2" designation (representing parts 1 and 2) were organized into two parts in response to file size restrictions. Folders with "DH" in the folder name contain images taken from drill core samples. The SWTR_Mine_Underground_Samples" folder contains images taken from hand samples from underground mine workings. The file name of each photograph correlates to the sample ID or name and depth (in feet) of the drill hole from which the thin section was sourced, and whether the photograph represents a plane-polarized (ppl) or cross-polarized (xpl) light image. For example, the "11795-1.8_ppl.JPG" file is a plane-polarized image of the thin section sourced from drill hole 11795 at a depth of 1.8 feet. Multiple images from the same drill hole and depth are identified with "(2)", "(3)", etc. in the file name.
The .jpg and .CR2 images have Section 508 compliant metadata as per USGS section 508 compliancy officer guidelines.
The .xmp files are included with the 'RAW' .CR2 files because the original .CR2 metadata cannot be altered. In order to add descriptive information to the metadata, the .xmp files must be included. The edited image metadata for the .jpg files can be viewed using software such as Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Elements, or windows file explorer. The raw .CR2 images edited metadata can be viewed in Adobe Photoshop and  Adobe Elements, but not using windows file explorer. Adobe Elements and Adobe Photoshop recognize the link of the .xmp file with it's corresponding .CR2 file, and windows file explorer does not. For the .CR2 images, only the original metadata, created when the photograph was taken, can be be viewed using windows file explorer.

Tags: geoscientificinformation, montana, petrography, stillwater, sweet-grass, usgs-6066151fd34edc0435be53a1
Organization: Department of the Interior
Thin section images of xenoliths from north of the Stillwater Complex, Montana

This dataset includes photographic images of thin sections made from xenolith samples collected from the Sliderock Mountain and Susie Peak plutons, Montana, along with a shapefile representing the locations of the samples. The plutons are located north of the Stillwater Complex, Montana, which is exposed along the northern side of the Beartooth Mountains in Montana. To the north of the Stillwater Complex, a gravity anomaly is located where Phanerozoic rocks may unconformably overlie the complex. These Phanerozoic rocks are intruded by Cretaceous plutons that have gabbroid inclusions that resemble other metamorphosed rocks of the Stillwater Complex. Samples of the inclusions were collected, and thin sections were created from them. The images of the entire thin section, both in plane- and cross-polarized light, were taken with a high-resolution digital camera on a macro stand. Each zip file, named with the year of the field season in which the samples were collected, contains the images from the xenolith thin sections that were collected for that year. The data in each zip file is organized into a folder containing the 'RAW' unprocessed CR2 images, and a folder containing processed jpg images. The file name of each photograph correlates to the xenolith rock sample ID from which the thin section was sourced, and whether the photograph represents a plane-polarized (ppl) or cross-polarized (xpl) light image. For example, the "13ST711-2_ppl.jpg" file is a plane-polarized image taken from a xenolith in sample number 13ST711-2. Images with file names that are annotated with "(a)" and "(b)", represent samples that contained more than one xenolith in a single rock sample.
The .xmp files are included with the 'RAW' files because the original metadata cannot be altered. In order to add descriptive information to the metadata, these files must be included.

Tags: geoscientificinformation, montana, petrography, stillwater, sweet-grass, usgs-606614e6d34edc0435be539b
Organization: Department of the Interior
Elevation contours of beach topography and near-shore bathymetry of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, MN, July 2020

The elevation contours in this dataset have a 2-foot (ft) interval and were derived from a digital elevation model (DEM) of beach topography and near-shore bathymetry of Lake Superior at Minnesota Point, Duluth, Minnesota. The DEM has a 10-meter (m; 32.8084 feet) cell size and was created from a LAS dataset of terrestrial light detection and ranging (lidar) data representing the beach topography and multibeam sonar data representing the bathymetry to approximately 1 kilometer (0.62 miles) offshore, for an approximately 2.27 square kilometer surveyed area. Lidar data were collected July 23, 2020 using a boat mounted Velodyne unit. Multibeam sonar data were collected July 20th and 23rd, 2020 using a Norbit integrated wide band multibeam system compact (iWBMSc) sonar unit.

Tags: bathymetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, digital-elevation-models, duluth, elevation, great-lakes, inlandwaters, lake-superior, lidar, limnology, southwestern-lake-superior, superior, usgs-6067735fd34edc0435c09d56
Organization: Department of the Interior
A Multiresidue Method for the Analysis of Pesticides in Water using Solid-Phase Extraction with Gas and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Applications of pesticides in agricultural and urban settings play an essential role in increasing crop yields, preserving food and materials, reducing pest-borne diseases, and eradicating or deterring pests. Pesticides are transported from their point of application to environmental media, including surface water. To better understand the fate of fate and transport of pesticides in the environment, analytical methods are necessary to measure pesticides in waters. Herein, a method is described for the extraction and analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates in filtered surface water and paired suspended sediment samples. Water samples (~ 1 L) are filtered using 0.7 μm glass-fiber filters prior to being extracted and concentrated using hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) cartridges. Suspended sediment samples are extracted via ultrasonication, solid-liquid extraction. Analyses are completed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Initial analyte recoveries in surface water samples spiked at 50 ng/L (n = 3) ranged 59.5-109% with an average recovery of 89.2%. The average relative standard deviation (RSD) was 4.9%. Calculated limits of detection (LODs) and reporting limits (RLs) from LODs ranged 0.5-10 ng/L and 1.5-30 ng/L, respectively. Analyte recoveries, method detection limits (MDLs), and RLs from MDLs were determined for surface water and suspended sediment following fortification of samples at 15 ng/L (n = 9). Recoveries were 70.1-121% in water and 71.1-117% in suspended sediment, with average recoveries of 87.0% and 85.5%, respectively. The method showed great reproducibility with an average RSD of 3.8% in water and 5.5% in suspended sediment. MDLs and RLs in water ranged 0.5-10.6 ng/L and 1.1-21.1 ng/L, respectively. In suspended sediment, MDLs ranged 0.7-11.8 ng/L and RLs ranged 1.5-23.7 ng/L. The analytical method will be applied toward the analysis of pesticides and degradates in surface water samples from around the United States.

Tags: environment, gas-chromatography, liquid-chromatography, mass-spectroscopy, pesticide-and-herbicide-contamination, pesticides, usgs-60660380d34eff1443439726, water-quality
Organization: Department of the Interior
Time to removal of fetal materials by scavengers in SW Montana 2017 - 2018

We investigated the time to removal of bovine fetal materials, meant to simulate elk abortion materials, by scavengers in southwest Montana at 233 sites in February – June 2017 and 2018. Scavengers are likely to reduce the transmission risk of brucellosis, a bacterial disease that can lead to reproductive failure in infected elk, by consuming and removing infectious fetal materials from the landscape. Sites were monitored using remote, motion-detecting cameras until the fetal materials were consumed or removed by scavengers. Here we provide: 1) the time to removal of fetal materials by scavengers, 2) scavenger and ungulate activity at the remote camera sites, and 3) descriptions of the 13 study locations in southwest Montana.

Tags: beaverhead-deerlodge-national-forest, biota, brucellosis, custer-gallatin-national-forest, ecology, gallatin, greater-yellowstone-ecosystem, madison, montana, park, scavengers, usgs-6065fb52d34eff14434396d0, video-monitoring, wildlife-disease
Organization: Department of the Interior
Common loon migration and winter data: telemetry locations and archival geolocator tag location (ver 2.0, October 2022)

Satellite transmitters (Model PTT-100, Microwave Telemetry, Inc) were implanted in 31 adult male (marked during July 2010 and July 2011) and 27 juvenile (marked during August 2014 and August 2015) common loons that were captured on breeding lakes in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The satellite transmitters were programmed to transmit on a variable schedule based on the anticipated stage of migration during the loon’s annual cycle.  We utilized the most accurate locations per 8-hour transmission period to describe the daily winter location of each adult loon.  Spot measurements of water

Tags: atlantic-ocean, biota, common-loon, gavia-immer, gulf-of-mexico, migratory-birds, minnesota, none, satellite-telemetry, species-biology, upper-penninsula-michigan, usgs-6065f6fad34eff14434396a2, wintering-areas, wisconsin
Organization: Department of the Interior
Long-term CO2 emissions measurements, Horseshoe Lake tree kill area, Mammoth Mountain, CA

We installed an eddy covariance station on July 22, 2014 at the Horseshoe Lake tree kill area on Mammoth Mountain, CA to monitor variations in magmatic CO2 emissions.  Since then, this station has measured CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, and wind speed and direction on a half-hourly basis. We also measured soil CO2 fluxes across the area (0.32 km2) using the accumulation chamber method on July 23, 2014, June 20-21, 2015, July 15, 2016, July 27-28, 2017, July 31-August 1, 2018, and August 2-3, 2019.  The eddy covariance and soil CO2 flux data sets were used to characterize temporal and spatial variations in magmatic CO2 emissions and their relationships to meteorological variations.

Tags: accumulation-chamber, co2-flux, eddy-covariance, field-inventory-and-monitoring, mammoth-mountain, mono-county, usgs-6065f538d34eff144343968f, volcanic-activity
Organization: Department of the Interior
Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) field measurements of flow depth and velocity from the Tanana River, Alaska, collected on July 24, 2019

Field measurements of flow depth and depth-averaged velocity were acquired from a reach of the Tanana River near Nenana, Alaska, July 24, 2019, to support research on estimating surface flow velocities and water depths from remotely sensed data via particle image velocimetry (PIV) and flow resistance equations, respectively.  The depth and velocity measurements included in this data release were obtained using a TRDI RiverRay acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) deployed from a boat with an outboard motor.  This data release provides depths and depth-averaged flow velocities derived from the raw ADCP data using the TRDI WinRiver II processing software.  The WinRiver II output was then imported into the USGS Velocity Mapping Toolbox (VMT), which was used to generate a text file with projected spatial coordinates, depth-averaged velocity magnitudes, and depths.  The spatial location of each measurement was obtained using a differential GPS included as part of the RiverRay instrument package.  The map projection and datum for these data are UTM Zone 6 N and NAD 83, respectively.  This data release consists of a single comma-delimited (*.csv) text file with four columns: UTM_East_m, UTM_North_m, Velocity_Magnitude_m_per_s, Depth_m.  The first two columns are the easting and northing spatial coordinates, respectively, the third column is the depth-averaged velocity magnitude in meters per second, and the fourth column is water depth in meters. This field-based data set was used to assess the accuracy of remotely sensed estimates of surface flow velocity and water depth derived from helicopter-based videos via PIV and flow resistance equations, respectively.

Tags: acoustic-doppler-current-profiler-adcp, ak, alaska, depth, flow-velocity, nenana, particle-image-velocimetry-piv, remote-sensing, river, tanana-river, usa, usgs-6064faa7d34eff1443414e7a
Organization: Department of the Interior
1-meter Digital elevation model (DEM) of beach topography of Lake Superior at the Duluth Entry, Duluth, MN, July 2020

This dataset is a digital elevation model (DEM) of the beach topography of Lake Superior at the Duluth Entry, Duluth, Minnesota. The DEM  has a 1-meter (m; 3.28084 feet) cell size and was created from a LAS dataset of terrestrial light detection and ranging (lidar) data representing the beach topography. Lidar data were collected July 28, 2020 using a boat mounted Velodyne unit. Methodology similar to Wagner, D.M., Lund, J.W., and Sanks, K.M., 2020 was used.

Tags: bathymetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, digital-elevation-models, duluth, elevation, great-lakes, inlandwaters, lake-superior, lidar, limnology, southwestern-lake-superior, usgs-60677264d34edc0435c09d4f
Organization: Department of the Interior
Repeat microgravity data from South Houghton Area Recharge Project, Tucson, Arizona, 2020-2022 (ver. 2.0, August 2024)

Relative-gravity surveys were carried out using a ZLS Burris relative-gravity meter. The effect of solid Earth tides and ocean loading were removed from the data. Instrument drift was removed by evaluating gravity change during repeated measurements at one or more base stations. Absolute-gravity surveys were carried out using a Micro-g LaCoste, Inc. A-10 absolute-gravity meter. Vertical gradients between the different measuring heights of the absolute- and relative-gravity meters were measured using a relative-gravity meter and fully-adjustable tripod, and used to correlate the measurements between the two instruments. Relative-gravity differences and absolute-gravity data were combined using a least-squares network adjustment, as implemented in the software GSadjust (https://doi.org/10.5066/P9YEIOU8). Information about the network adjustment is provided under Data Quality in the metadata.

Tags: arizona, arizona-water-science-center, artificial-recharge, geophysics, geoscientificinformation, gravimeter-measurement, gravitational-field-earth, groundwater, sharp, southwest-gravity-program, time-series-datasets, tucson, usgs-6064c83bd34eff1443414c59
Organization: Department of the Interior
Macroinvertebrate community and sediment toxicity data from the Niagara River Area of Concern, New York (ver. 2.0, May 2023)

A data release containing information on macroinvertebrate communities and sediment toxicity in the Niagara River and adjacent areas collected during a sampling effort conducted between 2019 and 2020, and a sampling effort conducted in 2022. During the first sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 60 sites in the Niagara River, 5 sites on lower Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake for use in sediment toxicity testing and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, macroinvertebrate samples were collected from the 60 sites on the Niagara River. During the second sampling effort, bed sediments were collected at 10 sites on lower Smoke Creek (5 of which were repeated from the first sampling effort), 5 reference sites on upper Smoke Creek, and 6 sites on Hoyt Lake (all of which were repeated from the first sampling effort) for toxicity testing, macroinvertebrate community assessment, and and determination of grain size distribution and total organic carbon concentration. Additionally, sediments were collected at 10 sites in the Black Rock Canal, 5 reference sites in the upper Black Rock Canal, and 5 sites in Erie Basin Marina for macroinvertebrate community assessment. The selection of site locations and analyses was done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation based on existing data gaps and prior sediment chemistry data.
	  For both sampling efforts, in situ habitat measurements were taken at the time of sample collection at all sites. All sediment samples were collected using a petite Ponar dredge. Ten-day sediment toxicity tests were performed using two test species, Chironomus dilutus and Hyalella azteca, following standard USEPA test methods. Macroinvertebrates were identified to the lowest practical taxonomic resolution and used to calculate metrics of biological integrity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. A morphological deformity analysis was also conducted on the mentum mouthpart of midge larvae in the genus Chironomus as an additional measure of toxicity following standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation procedures. The data release has five separate tables: one containing site locations and habitat information, one containing the results of sediment toxicity tests, one containing macroinvertebrate identifications, one containing standard New York State Department of Environmental Conservation metrics of macroinvertebrate community integrity calculated from the macroinvertebrate identifications, and one containing the results of the morphological deformity analysis.

Tags: benthic-ecosystems, contamination-and-pollution, erie-county, macroinvertebrates, new-york, niagara-river, usgs-606218bed34e227131f99725
Organization: Department of the Interior
Supporting data for Aeolian sediments in paleowetland deposits of the Las Vegas Formation

The  Las Vegas Formation (LVF) is a well-characterized sequence of groundwater discharge (GWD) deposits exposed in and around the Las Vegas Valley in southern Nevada. Nearly monolithologic bedrock surrounds the valley and provides an excellent opportunity to test the hypothesis that GWD deposits include an aeolian component. Mineralogical data indicate that the LVF sediments are dominated by carbonate minerals, similar to the local bedrock, but silicate minerals are also present. The median particle size is ~35 µm, consistent with modern dust in the region, and magnetic properties contrast strongly with local bedrock, implying an extralocal origin. By combining geochemical data from the LVF sediments and modern dust, we found that an average of ~25% of the LVF deposits were introduced by aeolian processes. The remainder consists primarily of authigenic groundwater carbonate as well as minor amounts of alluvial material and soil carbonate. Our data also show that the aeolian sediments accumulated in spring ecosystems in the Las Vegas Valley in a manner that was independent of both time and the specific hydrologic environment. These results have broad implications for investigations of GWD deposits located elsewhere in the southwestern U.S. and worldwide.

Tags: aeolian-dust, desert-wetlands, groundwater-discharge, las-vegas-formation, las-vegas-nevada, mojave-desert, paleohydrology, tule-springs-national-monument, usgs-6061e55ad34ec5fa65f12e77
Organization: Department of the Interior
2020 Hydrologic Data Summary for the Central Pine Barrens Region, Suffolk County, New York

This U.S. Geological Survey data release provides surface-water quality, streamflow, and groundwater-elevation data collected within the Central Pine Barrens (CPB) Region of Suffolk County, New York, from October 1, 2019 through September 30, 2020. The data were collected in cooperation with the Central Pine Barrens Commission and the Town of Brookhaven as part of a five-year comprehensive water-resources monitoring program. Water quality and quality-assurance data from seven sites on two rivers (Carmans River- five sites and Peconic River- two sites) in the CPB are included. Carmans River sites were sampled four times throughout the year (fall, winter, spring, and summer) and Peconic River sites were sampled twice throughout the year (fall and spring). Water-quality field parameters measured during each site visit are included. All samples were analyzed for nutrients, major inorganics, and alkalinity. An annual set of organic samples for pesticide and pharmaceutical analysis were collected at one Carmans River site and two Peconic River sites. Periodic groundwater-elevation data collected from six CPB wells are included. Continuous (15-minute interval) groundwater-elevation data are included for one of the six wells.

Tags: environmental-health, groundwater, long-island, new-york, pine-barrens, river, stream, suffolk-county, surface-water, surface-water-quality, united-states, usgs-6061e3abd34ec5fa65f12e71, water-quality
Organization: Department of the Interior
XYZ files of lidar and multibeam sonar data collected at Lake Superior at the Duluth Entry, Duluth, MN, July 2020

This dataset consists of two files containing northing, easting, and elevation ("XYZ") information for light detection and ranging (lidar) data representing the beach and near-shore topography of Lake Superior at the Duluth Entry, Duluth, Minnesota. The point data is the same as that in the LAS dataset used to create a digital elevation model (DEM) of the approximately1.87 square kilometer surveyed area. Lidar data were collected July 28, 2020 using a boat mounted Velodyne unit. Multibeam sonar data were collected July 28-29, 2020 using a Norbit integrated wide band multibeam system (iWBMSc) sonar unit. Methodology for data collection similar to Wagner, D.M., Lund, J.W., and Sanks, K.M., 2020 was used.

Tags: bathymetry, bathymetry-and-elevation, digital-elevation-models, duluth, elevation, great-lakes, lake-superior, lidar, limnology, southwestern-lake-superior, structure, superior, usgs-60677173d34edc0435c09d47
Organization: Department of the Interior