AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Data for the Lakes and Impoundments Drought Index in the Massachusetts Drought Management Plan

The Massachusetts Drought Management Plan (DMP, 2023) uses data from select lake and impoundment systems as an index for drought in six of seven regions in the state. The contents of these lakes and impoundments are reported to Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation (DCR) and classified as one of five levels for drought severity ranging from level 0 (Normal; percentile greater than 30) to level 4 (Emergency; percentile less than 2). Lake and impoundment system data are provided at the end of each month to DCR through multiple agencies as lake levels, volumes, or percent-full (reservoir capacity). USGS reviewed data from 14 of the lake or impoundment systems including 28 waterbodies. Diagrams for each system show the capacity of each waterbody and how water is transported through the systems. 
This data release provides historical monthly data in volume for each system and historical monthly data in feet for systems that consist of only one waterbody when recorded values were available  . From these historical monthly data, the 50th-, 30th-, 20th-, 10th-, and 2nd- percentiles were computed. Stage volume rating data for each waterbody at each system are provided in two formats to convert gage height (feet) to volume (million gallons). The stage volume rating data files are formatted as a text (.txt) table for easy manual reading and the other is a comma-separated value (.csv) column format that is easily loaded into a spreadsheet. Stage volume rating data were provided by the municipalities and agencies that manage the systems or were developed for this study.
At one system (Hudson, Gates Pond), no stage volume rating data or bathymetry data were available. A stage volume rating was developed using a python script using maximum depth and a shape file of the pond shoreline. The Python script used to develop the stage volume rating data and the R script used to compute the quantiles are published as a part of this data release. Files for each system include supplied historical volume, computed volume percentiles, stage volume rating(s), and a system diagram. Historical elevation data and computed elevation percentiles are included when applicable.

Tags: aaron-river-reservoir, ashley-lake, ashumet-pond, assawompset-pond, biota, birch-pond, breeds-pond, cleveland-reservoir, cobble-mountain-reservoir, cohasse-brook-reservoir, echo-lake, farnham-reservoir, fresh-pond, gates-pond, george-h-nichols-reservoir, hatchet-brook-reservoir-3, hatchet-brook-reservoir-4, hatchet-brook-reservoir-5, hatchet-pond, hawkes-pond, hobbs-brook-reservoir, index-for-drought, lake-cochituate, lakes-and-impoundments, lower-root-reservoir, massachusetts-drought-management-plan, quabbin-reservoir, sandwash-reservoir, stony-brook-reservoir, upper-root-reservoir, upper-sachett-reservoir, usgs-646cc577d34ee02593fb4e3b, walden-pond
Organization: Department of the Interior
Spatial data of California riparian vegetation productivity trends over time (2000-2020) and environmental covariates

This data release contains a shapefile of riparian vegetation communities attributed with information on trends in satellite-estimates of vegetation productivity for the period from 2000-2020. Cloud-masked Landsat data were processed from 2000 to 2020 to generate a 21-year growing season (June, July, and August) time series combining data from Landsat 5 (2000-2011), Landsat 7 (2012), and Landsat 8 (2013-2020). We computed the near-infrared reflectance of vegetation (NIRv) which is strongly correlated to vegetation Gross Primary Productivity (GPP). We analyzed growing season time series trends in NIRv by riparian vegetation type at the polygon-level using the Theil-Sen estimator (aka Sen's slope). In addition to the vector dataset is a table containing climate, topographic and land use co-variates used to model the environmental drivers of riparian vegetation change.

Tags: biota, drought, environment, remote-sensing, riparian, usgs-646bf8b4d34ee02593fb4af0, vegetation-change
Organization: Department of the Interior
Soil and pneumatophore CO2 flux data by nutrient treatment (N, P) for mangroves of Ding Darling NWR, Sanibel Island, Florida (2020)

This study evaluated CO2 flux from soils and pneumatophores of Avicennia germinans mangrove trees subjected to nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization versus an unfertilized control with a basin mangrove ecosystem. Data were collected twice, once in the summer (June 2020) and once in the winter (November 2020) and will be used to help develop a carbon budget for basin mangroves on Sanibel Island, Florida. These data were presented as part of an M.S. Thesis (Florida Atlantic University, Natalie T. Faron, 2021), entitled “The impact of nutrient loading on the soil and root respiration rates of Florida mangroves”.

Tags: avicennia-germinans, biota, carbon, co2-flux, florida, sanibel-island, soils, united-states-of-america, usgs-646bcb01d34ee02593fb4a1d
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data on Models to Describe Groundwater Levels and Stream Stage near the Herring River, Wellfleet, Cape Cod,  Massachusetts, 2017-2022

Groundwater and estuary water levels near Mill Creek and the Herring River in Wellfleet, Massachusetts, were measured from June 2017 to August 2022. The data contained in these datasets consist of tables of updated statistics provided in the original work by Mullaney and others (2020, Appendix 2) and associated data release by Mullaney and Barclay (2020). The data include summary tables of water-level statistics and summary tables of updated statistical coefficients for the models in the original work. The data release also includes the underlying input data sets for these statistical regression models and an update of table 2 from the larger work, which consists of summary statistics of water levels for the period of data analysis from 2017-06-01 to 2022-08-05.
Mullaney, J.R., and Barclay, J.R., 2020, Data on Tidally Filtered Groundwater and Estuary Water Levels, and Climatological Data Near Mill Creek and the Herring River, Cape Cod, Wellfleet, Massachusetts, 2017-2018: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P9T167II.
Mullaney, J.R., Barclay, J.R., Laabs, K.L., and Lavallee, K.D., 2020, Hydrogeology and interactions of groundwater and surface water near Mill Creek and the Herring River, Wellfleet, Massachusetts, 2017–18: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019–5145, 60 p., https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20195145.

Tags: biota, ecosystem-restoration, groundwater-and-surface-water-interaction, groundwater-level, tides-oceanic, usgs-646bc37fd34ee02593fb49fd, wetland-restoration
Organization: Department of the Interior
Tree-ring widths of Picea engelmannii at Andrews Meadow, Rocky Mountain National Park

Andrews Meadow in the Loch Vale watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park. 
Sample Collection: Englemann spruce (Picea engelmannii) living on slopes surrounding and at the edge of Andrews meadow (Latitude 40˚ 17’ 24” N, Longitude 105˚ 40’ 01” W NAD83). At the time of collection, the climate-sensitive upland P. engelmannii trees were growing on well-drained slopes above the meadow. Seventeen trees, two cores per tree when possible, were collected using a 5mm-diameter increment borer. During sample collection, diameter at breast height (DBH) was also measured. These cores were processed following standard dendrochronological methods. The annual (TW) and earlywood (EW) ring-widths of each core were measured to 0.001mm precision using a Velmex stage and Tellervo measuring software. Visual crossdating was verified statistically using the ring-width measurements in the program COFECHA v.6.06P. Cores with breaks or rot precluding robust statistical crossdating were removed from further analysis. Final COFECHA statistics for TW indicate series intercorrelations of 0.544 and average mean sensitivity of 0.199. Final COFECHA statistics for EW indicate series intercorrelations of 0.546 and average mean sensitivity of 0.214. The tree-growth trend was removed using a negative exponential curve and the detrended ring-widths were then averaged and standardized for unitless site level standard chronologies (std) of TW and EW. Pre-whitened TW and EW chronologies (res) are the residuals from an autoregressive model (AR1) which removes year-to-year serial correlation commonly present in tree-ring series. The Earlywood record is begins at 1513 because it has been truncated to an acceptable Expressed Population Signal (EPS&gt;0.85). The EPS  is an arbitrary statistical threshold above which the chronology is deemed statistically acceptable for climate reconstruction.

Tags: andrews-meadow, biota, dendrochronology, loch-vale, national-park, rocky-mountain-national-park, usgs-646ba35dd34e3a6027e32fc5
Organization: Department of the Interior
Mercury stable isotopes in biota, sediment, groundwater, and waste piles, Clear Lake area, Lake County, California, 2019-2022

Samples were collected from Clear Lake, California from 2019-2022 by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) California Water Science Center, the USGS Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center (FRESC), the US Environmental Protection Agency, and EA Engineering Science and Technology Inc. to assess the extent and cycling of legacy mercury (Hg) contamination from Sulphur Bank Mine. Samples of waste rock, sediments, groundwater, and biological tissue (zooplankton, bluegill, smallmouth bass, Mississippi silversides, and largemouth bass) were analyzed for Hg stable isotopes by the U.S. Geological Survey Mercury Research Laboratory. Mercury concentrations for sediments, waste rocks, and groundwaters are included within this data release and information for biological Hg concentrations can be found in the companion data release (https://doi.org/10.5066/P96912PN).

Tags: california, clear-lake-california, fish, groundwater, isotopic-analysis, lake-county-california, mercury-contamination, mine-waste, sediment, usgs-646e1b07d34ee02593fb57ec
Organization: Department of the Interior
Results of benchmarking National Hydrologic Model application of the Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (v1.0 byObsMuskingum) simulations of streamflow drought duration, severity, deficit, and occurrence in the conterminous United States

This data release presents truth data and benchmark results describing simulation of hydrologic drought events in the conterminous United States. This data release supports a publication (Simeone and others, 2024) which documents drought benchmarking methods and their application to the results of the National Hydrologic Model Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System v1.0 (NHM-PRMS). Truth data used were observations at U.S. Geological Survey streamgages across the conterminous United States. These data include 4662 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages with a historical period from 1984-2016. The following files are included in this data release: 
1) kappa_long_nhm.csv: Benchmark results for the Cohen's kappa evaluation metrics in long table format. 
2) spear_bias_dist_long_nhm.csv: Benchmark results for the Spearman's, bias, and distributional evaluation metrics in long table format. 
3) ann_eval_long_nhm.csv: Benchmark results for the annual drought evaluation metrics in long table format. 
4) streamflow_percentiles_nhm.zip: A zip file containing individual streamflow percentile data files used in this analysis as truth data. 
5) input_data_nhm.zip: A zip file with input data for individual streamgages used for our data analysis pipeline as truth data. 
6) streamflow_gages_in_study.csv: Metadata information for the 4662 U.S. Geological Survey streamgages contained in the above datasets.

Tags: biota, conus, datasets, geoscientificinformation, hydrographic-datasets, hydrology, inlandwaters, mathematical-modeling, stream-discharge, streamflow, surface-water-non-marine, united-states, usgs-646b82cdd34e3a6027e32f43
Organization: Department of the Interior
Maximum horizontal stress orientation and relative stress magnitude (faulting regime) data throughout North America

This Data Release accompanies the publication "State of stress in areas of active unconventional oil and gas development in North America" by J.-E. Lund Snee (now J.-E. Lundstern) and M.D. Zoback (2022) in the AAPG Bulletin. This dataset provides maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) orientation and relative stress magnitude (faulting regime) information that comprise a new-generation crustal stress map for North America. Relative stress magnitudes are presented using the Aϕ (A_phi) parameter, a single scalar that represents the ratio of the three principal stress magnitudes. Data were collected between 2015 and 2022. Data points for SHmax orientations, relative stress magnitudes, and the earthquake focal mechanisms used to determine some of the stress information are included in tabular format. A raster file is included that shows Aϕ as interpolated across the continent from the included relative stress magnitude data points.

Tags: canada, caribbean-islands, caribbean-sea, earthquakes, engineering-geology, geoscientificinformation, hazards, holocene, induced-seismicity, maps-and-atlases, north-america, quaternary, tectonic-processes, united-states, usgs-6469516bd34e3a6027e2f527
Organization: Department of the Interior
Great Salt Lake Elevation-Area-Volume Tables

This section of the data release includes tables in the format of comma-separated value (CSV) files with elevation-area-volume relationships for Great Salt Lake. The volume and area of Great Salt Lake were calculated from the topobathymetric raster dataset, which was resampled from 0.5-meter to 5.0-meter resolution, at elevation increments of 0.01 feet between 4,170.00–4,215.00 ft above the North American Vertical Datum of 1988. Data are provided as total values for Great Salt Lake as well as regional values for the north arm, south arm, Bear River Bay, and Farmington Bay.

Tags: 3d-elevation-program, 3dep, acoustic-sonar, antelope-island, bathymetry, bear-river, bear-river-bay, box-elder-county, carrington-bay, davis-county, dem, digital-elevation-models, elevation, farmington-bay, flood-inundation-modeling, fremont-island, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-analysis, gilbert-bay, great-salt-lake, great-salt-lake-desert, inland-bathymetry, inlandwaters, jordan-river, lidar, light-detection-and-ranging, promontory-point, reservoir-storage-capacity, saline-lakes, salt-lake-city, salt-lake-county, society, tbdem, tooele-county, topobathymetric-digital-elevation-model, topobathymetry, topography, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-6467b42fd34ec11ae4a8afb1, utah, utah-lake, utah-water-science-center, wasatch-range, weber-county
Organization: Department of the Interior
Great Salt Lake TBDEM Spatial Metadata

This section of the data release includes the spatial metadata geospatial polygon feature dataset (.shp file) that contains spatial footprints for each input source dataset used to develop the topobathymetric dataset of Great Salt Lake. The attributes for each footprint polygon describe the characteristics of each input dataset used to generate the topobathymetric dataset.

Tags: 3d-elevation-program, 3dep, acoustic-sonar, antelope-island, bathymetry, bear-river, bear-river-bay, box-elder-county, carrington-bay, davis-county, dem, digital-elevation-models, elevation, farmington-bay, flood-inundation-modeling, fremont-island, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-analysis, gilbert-bay, great-salt-lake, great-salt-lake-desert, inland-bathymetry, inlandwaters, jordan-river, lidar, light-detection-and-ranging, promontory-point, reservoir-storage-capacity, saline-lakes, salt-lake-city, salt-lake-county, society, tbdem, tooele-county, topobathymetric-digital-elevation-model, topobathymetry, topography, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-6467b3e3d34ec11ae4a8ae87, utah, utah-lake, utah-water-science-center, wasatch-range, weber-county
Organization: Department of the Interior
Mangrove damage along northern Gulf of Mexico from extreme freeze event on February 2021

Climate change is altering the frequency and intensity of extreme weather events. Quantifying ecosystem responses to extreme events at the landscape scale is critical for understanding and responding to climate-driven change but is constrained by limited data availability. Here, we integrated remote sensing with ground-based observations to quantify landscape-scale vegetation damage from an extreme climatic event. We used ground- and satellite-based black mangrove (Avicennia germinans) leaf damage data from the northern Gulf of Mexico (USA and Mexico) to examine the effects of an extreme freeze in a region where black mangroves are expanding their range. The February 2021 event produced coastal temperatures as low as -10 ℃ in some areas, exceeding thresholds for A. germinans damage and mortality. We used Sentinel-2 surface reflectance data to assess vegetation greenness before and after the freeze, along with ground-based observations of A. germinans leaf damage.

Tags: avicennia-germinans, biota, ecological-threshold, extreme-freeze, florida, gulf-of-mexico, louisiana, mangroves, range-limit, remote-sensing, sentinel-2, texas, usgs-6466a744d34ec11ae4a7d9ff
Organization: Department of the Interior
Principal facts of regional gravity data in the central Upper Peninsula, Michigan, 2022-2023

Gravity data were collected in 2022 and 2023 to assist in mapping surface and subsurface geology in the central Upper Peninsula of Michigan. This data release provides principal facts for 666 new gravity stations that were acquired to supplement existing public gravity data coverage.

Tags: alger, bouguer-anomaly, central-upper-peninsula, delta, dickinson, free-air-anomaly, geology-geophysics-and-geochemistry-science-center, geophysics, geoscientificinformation, gggsc, gps-measurement, gravitational-field-earth, iron, isostatic-anomaly, marquette, menominee, michigan, mineral-resource-program, mrp, u-s-geological-survey, united-states, united-states-of-america, usa, usgs, usgs-6466958fd34ec11ae4a7d9e0
Organization: Department of the Interior
MODFLOW-NWT and MT3D-USGS models for evaluating heat flows, lags and dampening under high emission climate forcing for unsaturated/saturated transport in a synthetic watershed

A 3-dimensional (3D) synthetic model, built for running with MODFLOW-NWT and MT3D-USGS, explores the new unsaturated zone heat transport capabilities in MT3D-USGS.  Model simulations explore potential responses to within a watershed to climate warming along system pathways.  The response analysis uses output from a 30-year warming period on a synthetic watershed patterned after a humid temperate climate which incorporates two variable unsaturated thickness configurations, shallow and deep groundwater flow, and discharge to streams and other surface-water bodies. The climate forcing data in this archive relies on trends and noise from global climate model (GCM) simulations for the northern continental U.S. as it moves from top of unsaturated zone to a) the water table as recharge, b) stream channels as direct groundwater discharge, c) stream channels as groundwater baseflow including groundwater runoff and d) stream channels as total streamflow including surface runoff. All pathways are simulated either by MODFLOW-NWT or the Unsaturated-zone Flow (UZF1) package.  The "moderate thickness" and "high thickness" versions of the synthetic model are applied to isolate the effect of variable unsaturated zone (UZ) thickness on lags and dampening. Furthermore, the model is used to investigate the thermal inertial effects imposed on the system by the infiltrating heat forcing signal are characterized both in terms of temperature (the dependent variablein MT3D-USGS) and heat flow (the combination of flow and temperature in the MT3D-USGS budget). Recharging heat flow is parsed into its conductive, dispersive and convective components, where the last term is found to dominate.  Importantly, this investigation serves as a steppingstone to a real-world application that is far more complicated by nature's heterogeneity;  an aspect of real-world simulations that is avoided in the current simulations. Temperatures simulated by MT3D-USGS were previously verified by comparing output from detailed 1-dimensional models to VS2DH output (ADD LINK). This USGS data release contains all the input and output for the scenarios described in the associated journal article. (https://doi.org/10.3390/w14182810).

Tags: climate-change, environment, geoscientificinformation, groundwater-heat-transport, groundwater-model, inlandwaters, modflow-nwt, mt3d-usgs, usgs-64668bebd34ec11ae4a7d99c, usgsgroundwatermodel, variably-saturated-flow
Organization: Department of the Interior
MODFLOW-NWT and MT3D-USGS models for appraising parameter sensitivity and other controlling factors in a synthetic watershed accounting for variably-saturated flow processes

A 3-dimensional (3D) synthetic model, using MODFLOW-NWT and MT3D-USGS, explores the new unsaturated zone heat transport capabilities in MT3D-USGS.  Model simulations were used to explore various parameter sensitivities and unsaturated zone thicknesses and their impact on heat transport as water enters the subsurface as infiltration, flows through the unsaturated zone to the water table, and eventually exits the groundwater system as discharge to surface-water bodies. The 3D-model is patterned after a real-world watershed located in a region with a temperate, humid climate. Twenty-seven model simulations are included in this data release with the primary distinction between them the thickness of the unsaturated zone.  Most model simulations either have a moderately think unsaturated zone or thick unsaturated zone. A small subset of model simulations do not simulate the downward movement of infiltration through the unsaturated zone but apply infiltration directly to the water table using the recharge (RCH) package.  Twelve sensitivity run are included in the data release to help illuminate which parameters are important when engaged in heat transport simulation.  This investigation begins to explore the impacts of a warming climate on groundwater temperature and ultimately on the temperature of groundwater discharge back to surface-water bodies.  The synthetic model evaluated is a necessary first step to real-world applications that are more complicated by nature's heterogeneity.  Temperatures simulated by MT3D-USGS were previously verified by comparing output from detailed 1-dimensional models to VS2DH output (https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.13256). This USGS data release contains the input and output data files for the model simulations described in the associated journal article (https://doi.org/10.3390/w14233883). Model input files were developed from published information; no new datasets were collected as part of the modeling study associated with this data release. Details on data input sources and on processing of input and output files are documented in the associated journal article.

Tags: environment, geoscientificinformation, groundwater, groundwater-heat-transport, groundwater-model, inlandwaters, modflow-nwt, mt3d-usgs, usgs-646688a4d34ec11ae4a7d96f, usgsgroundwatermodel, variably-saturated-flow
Organization: Department of the Interior