AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
2005 Significant U.S. Hurricane Strikes Poster

The 2005 Significant U.S. Hurricane Strikes poster is one of two special edition posters for the Atlantic Hurricanes. This beautiful poster contains two sets of images of five hurricanes that impacted the United States in 2005, namely Katrina, Ophelia, Rita and Wilma. The images were created from NOAA's geostationary and polar-orbiting environmental satellites. In addition to the images, the poster has a map depicting the general track of each storm, a color temperature scale to read the hurricane cloud top temperatures, high level information on each storm, the category at time of landfall; as well as, a Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale. Poster size is 36"x32".

Tags: alabama, arkansas, atlantic ocean, atmosphere, atmospheric winds, bahamas, caribbean sea, continent, cuba, data analysis and visualization, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth observation satellites, earth science, earth science services, florida, georgia, geostationary operational environmental satellite 12, goes (geostationary operational environmental satellite), goes-12, human dimensions, hurricanes, kansas, land surface, louisiana, mississippi, missouri, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, natural hazards, nesdis, noaa, north america, north atlantic ocean, north carolina, ocean, ocean winds, oceans, oklahoma, rain storms, sea surface, south carolina, surface winds, tennessee, texas, tropical cyclones, typhoons, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, virginia, visualization/image processing, weather events
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Reflectance from AVHRR Pathfinder Atmospheres - Extended (PATMOS-x), Version 5.2 (Version Superseded)

*Note: This dataset version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended that users access the current version. Users should only use this version for special cases, such as reproducing studies that used this version.* The Pathfinder Atmospheres - Extended (PATMOS-x) Reflectance data contain derived atmospheric variables from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) Global Area Coverage (GAC) data observed from three decades of the NOAA Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite (POES) series. PATMOS-x data consists of twice daily fields from AVHRR/1, AVHRR/2 and AVHRR/3 GAC data from 1978 to 2009. The radiometric products are on a consistent grid spacing which allows for a thorough diagnosis of time-series information. There is no averaging of multiple pixels as each data point in a file represents a single GAC pixel-level value. Variables are produced on a 0.1 degree Latitude/Longitude grid with dimensions of 3601 by 1801. Each daily PATMOS-x product file provides data derived from one NOAA POES satellite in either an ascending or descending orbital node. Spatial overlap of orbital coverage occurs at most latitudes. Highlights of the product include improved accuracy in geolocation and improved reflectance calibrations of the AVHRR data. Reflectance from the visible and Near Infrared (VIS/NIR) channels 1, 2 and 3a on AVHRR constitute this fundamental Climate Data Record (CDR).

Tags: advanced very high resolution radiometer, advanced very high resolution radiometer-2, advanced very high resolution radiometer-3, atmosphere, atmospheric radiation, avhrr, avhrr-2, avhrr-3, brightness temperature, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global, infrared wavelengths, longwave radiation, meteorological operational satellite - a, metop-a, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-11, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-12, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-14, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-15, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-16, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-17, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-18, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-19, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-7, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-9, nesdis, noaa, noaa climate data record (cdr) program, noaa-11, noaa-12, noaa-14, noaa-15, noaa-16, noaa-17, noaa-18, noaa-19, noaa-7, noaa-9, reflectance, satellite, shortwave radiation, spectral/engineering, television infrared observation satellite-n, tiros-n, u.s. department of commerce, visible radiance, visible wavelengths
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Daily Climate Normals (2006-2020)

The U.S. Daily Climate Normals for 2006 to 2020 are 15-year averages of meteorological parameters that provide users supplemental normals for specialized applications for thousands of locations across the United States, as well as U.S. Territories and Commonwealths, and the Compact of Free Association nations. The stations used include those from the NWS Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Network as well as some additional stations that have a Weather Bureau Army-Navy (WBAN) station identification number, including stations from the U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) and other automated observation stations. In addition, precipitation normals for stations from the U.S. Snow Telemetry (SNOTEL) Network and the citizen-science Community Collaborative Rain, Hail and Snow (CoCoRaHS) Network are also available. The Daily Climate Normals dataset includes various derived products such as air temperature normals (including maximum and minimum temperature normals, heating and cooling degree day normals, and others), precipitation normals (including precipitation and snowfall totals, and percentiles, frequencies and other statistics of precipitation, snowfall, and snow depth), and agricultural normals (growing degree days (GDDs)). All data utilized in the computation of the 2006-2020 Climate Normals were taken from the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily, but the Daily Normals are adjusted so that they are consistent with the Monthly Normals. The source datasets (including intermediate datasets used in the computation of products) are also archived at NOAA NCEI. A comparatively small number of station normals sets (~50) have been added as Version 1.0.1 to correct quality issues or because additional historical data during the 1991-2020 period has been ingested.

Tags: air temperature, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric temperature, central pacific ocean, climate indicators, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, land surface, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, normals, north america, ocean, pacific ocean, point resolution, precipitation, precipitation amount, surface temperature, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Enhanced Hourly Wind Station Data for the Contiguous United States

U.S. Enhanced Hourly Wind Station Data is digital data set DSI-6421, archived at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI; formerly National Climatic Data Center, NCDC). During earlier work at NCDC, it was noted that anemometer elevations at U.S. weather stations (for which metadata related to anemometer height was available) varied widely with time. Between 1931 and 2000, there were up to 12 significant anemometer height changes at some of these stations, and on average there was one change per decade at any station with more than 10 years of record. For example, at Los Angeles International Airport, the anemometer height changed 4 times during the 60 years, varying from 59 ft to 20 ft, while at Edwards Air Force Base, the anemometer height was changed 10 times and varied from 13 ft to 75 ft. Therefore, the elevation homogenization of the near-surface wind time series is a necessary pre-requisite for any climatological assessments. This was done at NCDC, creating the DSI-6421 data set. Stations were included in DSI-6421 on a year-by-year basis, depending upon the availability of anemometer metadata and the number of observations made during a year. The earliest data was from 1931, with very few stations. The number of stations increased during World War II to about 200, decreased briefly after the war, and increased to about 350 during the period 1948-1972 because most first-order (primary) stations qualified for inclusion. After 1972, as the importance of metadata was more widely recognized, the number of qualified stations rose to near 1000 by 1985, and continued at about that number through year 2000. The formulae used were U10g = Ua log[(10-Hsnod)/z0]/log[(Ha - Hsnod)/z0], and U10s = Ua log[10/z0]/log[(Ha - Hsnod)/z0], where z0 is the surface roughness (a function of the presence of snow cover at the site); Hsnod is the snow depth; Ha is the anemometer height above the ground; Ua is the wind speed at the anemometer height; U10g is the speed at 10 m above the ground; and U10s is the speed at 10 m above the surface.

Tags: altitude, anemometer height above the ground, anemometers, asos, atmosphere, atmospheric winds, automated surface observing system, automated weather observing system, automated weather system, awos, aws, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, ground stations, in situ land-based platforms, in situ/laboratory instruments, land surface, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, recorders/loggers, station height, surface winds, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, weather stations/networks, wind direction, wind speed
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Infrared (IR) Sounder Atmospheric Temperature and Humidity Profiles, Version 5

This long-term satellite data record contains observations of atmospheric temperature and humidity at multiple pressure levels. The data set is produced primarily using input from infrared radiation (IR) sounder instruments such as the High-Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS).  Current data holdings span from1981-07-08 to 2021-12-31 with data derived from HIRS instruments onboard the NOAA and MetOp polar-orbiting satellite series. Future data holdings are planned to include data derived from other IR sensors such as CrIS and IASI.

The data product is global and at the native sensor spatial resolution (e.g. 10, 20 km at nadir) with observations up to twice daily. The temperature variable is available at the surface, 2 meter, 1000 hPa, 850 hPa, 700 hPa, 600 hPa, 500 hPa, 400 hPa, 300 hPa, 200 hPa, 100 hPa, and 50 hPa levels. The specific humidity variable is available at the 2 meter, 1000 hPa, 850 hPa, 700 hPa, 600 hPa, 500 hPa, 400 hPa, and 300 hPa levels. This data is most reliable under clear-sky conditions, and as such cloudy pixels have been removed and/or marked with quality flags.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric water vapor, earth science, high resolution infrared radiation sounder/2, high resolution infrared radiation sounder/3, high resolution infrared radiation sounder/4, hirs/2, hirs/3, hirs/4, humidity, meteorological operational satellite - a, meteorological operational satellite - b, metop-a, metop-b, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-10, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-11, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-12, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-14, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-15, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-16, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-17, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-19, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-6, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-7, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-9, noaa-10, noaa-11, noaa-12, noaa-14, noaa-15, noaa-16, noaa-17, noaa-19, noaa-6, noaa-7, noaa-9, television infrared observation satellite-n, tiros-n, water vapor indicators
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA GOES-R Series Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Level 2 Fog/Low Stratus (FLS)

The GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Fog/Low Stratus (FLS) products contain estimates of low cloud/fog thickness and probabilities of reduced aviation visibility for Marginal Visual Flight Rules, Instrument Flight Rules, and Low Instrument Flight Rules from the Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) instrument.  Also, the FLS probability products include information when higher clouds mask the satellite view of low clouds, and screens out regions of elevated stratus to highlight areas where the cloud ceiling likely meets the categorical thresholds.

Tags: 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree, 1 minute - < 1 hour, abi, abi-l2-gfls, abi_gfls, advanced baseline imager, atmosphere, center for satellite applications and research, central america, clouds, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nesdis/ospo, doc/noaa/nesdis/star, earth science, fog, geographic region, geostationary operational environmental satellite 16, geostationary operational environmental satellite 17, geostationary operational environmental satellite 18, geostationary operational environmental satellite 19, geostationary operational environmental satellites, goes, goes-16, goes-17, goes-18, goes-19, gov.noaa.class:grabinde, grabinde, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, noaa onestop project, north america, northern hemisphere, office of satellite and product operations, south america, southern hemisphere, tropospheric/low level clouds (observed/analyzed), u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, weather events, western hemisphere
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sudden Stratospheric Warming Compendium

Sudden Stratospheric Warming Compendium (SSWC) data set documents the stratospheric, tropospheric, and surface climate impacts of sudden stratospheric warmings. This examines major mid-winter warmings, as defined by a reversal between November-March of the zonal winds at 10 hPa and 60N from westerly to easterly. The one major warming that occurred in the Southern Hemisphere is also included. Analyses are available from 6 different reanalyses: MERRA2 (1980-2014), JRA-55 (1958-2014), ERA-interim (1979-2014), ERA-40 (1958-2002), NOAA20CR (1958-2011), and NCEP-NCAR I (1958-2014). Global gridded anomaly fields are calculated from smoothed daily climatologies based on the full record of each reanalysis. Data is provided 60 days prior to and after each SSW event. Pressure-level fields include winds, temperatures, geopotential heights, vorticity and potential vorticity, and ozone; surface fields include temperatures, sea-level pressures, and precipitation. Other derived data and climate indices are also included. Data are provided as daily means, with 2.5x2.5 degree horizontal resolution for pressure-level fields and native horizontal resolution for surface fields. Daily climatological means and standard deviations of all input fields are included with the output.

Tags: 24 hour precipitation amount, air temperature, altitude, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air pressure, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric - upper-air - upper-air temperature, atmospheric - upper-air - upper-air wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric winds, atmospheric/ocean indicators, climate indicators, doc/noaa/nws/ncep/emc, doc/noaa/oar/esrl/psd, earth science, earth sciences division, earth system research laboratory, ecmwf, ecmwf era40 reanalysis project, ecmwf interim reanalysis, environmental modeling center, era-i, era40, european centre for medium-range weather forecasts, geographic region, geopotential height, global, global modeling and assimilation, goddard space flight center, japan, japan meteorological agency, jma japanese 55-year reanalysis, jma55, jp/jma, maximum/minimum temperature, merra, merra-2, modern era retrospective-analysis for research and applications, nasa, nasa/gsfc/sed/esd/gmao, national center for atmospheric research, national centers for environmental prediction, national weather service, ncep/ncar reanalysis project, nnrp, noaa, oar, physical sciences division, precipitation, precipitation amount, precipitation indices, reanalysis models, science and exploration directorate, sea level pressure, stratosphere, sudden stratospheric warming, surface temperature, temperature indices, the second modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications, troposphere, u.s. department of commerce, ucar/ncar, university corporation for atmospheric research, upper air temperature, upper level winds, vertical location, vorticity, wind dynamics
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Climate Data Record (CDR), Version 1.3 (Daily)

The GPCP Daily analysis is a companion to the GPCP Monthly analysis, and provides globally complete precipitation estimates at a spatial resolution of one degree latitude-longitude and daily time scale from October 1996 to the present.  Although derived using both some of the same, but also different, data sets and methods than used in the GPCP Monthly analysis, the GPCP Daily "adds up" to the GPCP Monthly.  The GPCP Daily V1.3 analysis is currently computed by the University of Maryland and submitted to NCEI. The routine update of the product takes place two months after the end of the month, once all input data sets become available.  The data set is part of World Climate Research Program (WCRP) and GEWEX activities, being part of the array of data sets describing the water and energy cycles of the planet under the auspices of the GEWEX Data and Assessment Panel (GDAP).  Details of input data sets and methods can be found in: Huffman, G.J., R.F. Adler, M. Morrissey, D.T. Bolvin, S. Curtis, R. Joyce, B McGavock, J. Susskind, 2001:  Global Precipitation at One-Degree Daily Resolution from Multi-Satellite Observations.  J. Hydrometeor., 2(1), 36-50.

Tags: 1 km, 100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees, airs, aqua, aqua &gt, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric infrared sounder, dmsp (defense meteorological satellite program), doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth observing system, earth science, geographic region, global, global precipitation climatology project, gms (japan geostationary meteorological satellite), goes (geostationary operational environmental satellite), gpcp, hourly - < daily, in situ, land surface, meteorological stations, meteosat, mtsat &gt, multi-functional transport satellite, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, noaa climate data record (cdr) program, noaa onestop project, noaa poes (polar orbiting environmental satellites), precipitation, rain gauges, satellite, sea surface, special sensor microwave imager/sounder, special sensor microwave/imager, ssm/i, ssmis, tiros operational vertical sounder, tovs, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
International Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land Surface Temperature Databank - Stage 1 Daily

The global land surface temperature databank contains monthly timescale mean, max, and min temperature for approximately 40,000 stations globally. It was developed as part of the International Surface Temperature Initiative. This is the global repository for all monthly timescale land surface observations from the 1800s to present and uses data deriving from sub-daily, daily, and monthly observations. It brings together data from more than 45 sources and is used in the creation of various integrated global temperature resources, most notably Global Historical Climatology Network Monthly (GHCN-M) v4. Daily Data is purposefully provided as raw, non-homogenized observations with no integrated quality control performed. Data are submitted as-is from the data provider to ensure absolute data integrity and visibility of the data.

Tags: air temperature, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric temperature, coastal stations, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, fixed observation stations, geographic region, ghcn, global, global historical climatology network, global land, ground-based observations, hourly - < daily, land surface, maximum/minimum temperature, meteorological stations, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, point resolution, precipitation, precipitation amount, rain gauges, snow, solid precipitation, surface temperature, thermometers, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of SSM/I and SSMIS Microwave Brightness Temperatures, RSS Version 6 (Version Superseded)

*Note: This dataset version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended that users access the current version. Users should only use this version for special cases, such as reproducing studies that used this version.* The Special Sensor Microwave Imagers (SSM/I) are a series of six satellite radiometers that have been in operation since 1987 under the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The six SSM/Is (aboard F08, F10, F11, F13, F14, and F15) have a seven channel linearly polarized passive microwave radiometer that operate at frequencies of 19.36 (vertical and horizontal polarized), 22.235 (vertical polarized), 37.0 (vertical and horizontal polarized), and 85.5 GHz (vertical and horizontal polarized). The Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) Version-6 SSM/I Fundamental Climate Data Record (FCDR) dataset has incorporated all past geolocation corrections, sensor calibration (including cross-scan biases), and quality control procedures in a consistent way for the entire 24-year SSM/I brightness temperature period of record. Version-5 was relatively short lived due to subtle calibration problems that caused small spurious trends in the climate retrievals (the SSM/I record had become long enough at this point to detect such errors). The problem was due to subtle correlations in the derivation of the target factors for the F10 and F14 SSM/I. Like the Microwave Sounding Unit (MSU), some of the SSM/I exhibit errors that are correlated with the hot-load target temperatures, and we removed these errors using the target multiplier approach. Application of the solutions described herein provided the current V6 SSM/I TA and TB dataset. RSS Version-6 SSM/I FCDR data are stored as netCDF-4 files that have been internally compressed at the maximum GZIP utility level. A typical file will have a size of 6.4 megabytes.

Tags: antenna temperature, brightness temperature, defense meteorological satellite program-f10, defense meteorological satellite program-f11, defense meteorological satellite program-f12, defense meteorological satellite program-f13, defense meteorological satellite program-f14, defense meteorological satellite program-f15, defense meteorological satellite program-f8, defense meteorological satellite program-f9, dmsp 5d-2/f10, dmsp 5d-2/f11, dmsp 5d-2/f12, dmsp 5d-2/f13, dmsp 5d-2/f14, dmsp 5d-2/f15, dmsp 5d-2/f8, dmsp 5d-2/f9, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global, microwave, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, special sensor microwave/imager, spectral/engineering, ssm/i, ssmi(s) brightness temperature - rss, u.s. department of commerce
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce