AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
B cells, BAFF/zTNF4, TACI, and systemic lupus erythematosus

B cells and B-cell/T-cell collaborations are instrumental in the pathophysiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This commentary highlights in particular the newly discovered role of B-cell-activating factor (BAFF; also known as TALL-1, THANK, BlyS, and zTNF4) as a positive regulator of B-cell functions, such as B-cell activation and differentiation. Two members of the tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-receptor superfamily were recently identified as receptors for BAFF on B cells. The interaction between BAFF and its receptors may be important in the pathogenesis of lupus. Advances in our understanding of abnormalities in immune regulation in lupus might provide the opportunity to improve our current therapeutic approaches to this disorder.

Tags: b-cells, baff-cytokine, nih, systemic-lupus-erythematosus, taci-receptor
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2023 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For New Hampshire

This is the 2023 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for New Hampshire. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Minnesota, 2014

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Minnesota. It uses the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, and substance use treatment for the years 2009 to 2013.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, minnesota, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Articular cartilage and changes in Arthritis: Cell biology of osteoarthritis

The reaction patterns of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis can be summarized in five categories: (1) proliferation and cell death (apoptosis); changes in (2) synthetic activity and (3) degradation; (4) phenotypic modulation of the articular chondrocytes; and (5) formation of osteophytes. In osteoarthritis, the primary responses are reinitiation of synthesis of cartilage macromolecules, the initiation of synthesis of types IIA and III procollagens as markers of a more primitive phenotype, and synthesis of active proteolytic enzymes. Reversion to a fibroblast-like phenotype, known as 'dedifferentiation', does not appear to be an important component. Proliferation plays a role in forming characteristic chondrocyte clusters near the surface, while apoptosis probably occurs primarily in the calcified cartilage.

Tags: articular-cartilage, chondrocyte-phenotype, nih, osteoarthritis-cell-biology, osteoarthritis-chondrocytes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Latent transforming growth factor β-binding protein-3 and fibulin-1C interact with the extracellular domain of the heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor precursor

Background
          The membrane-bound cell-surface precursor and soluble forms of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) contribute to many cellular developmental processes. The widespread occurrence of HB-EGF in cell and tissue types has led to observations of its role in such cellular and tissue events as tumor formation, cell migration, extracellular matrix formation, wound healing, and cell adherence. Several studies have reported the involvement of such extracellular matrix proteins as latent transforming growth factor β-binding protein, TGF-β, and fibulin-1 in some of these processes. To determine whether HB-EGF interacts with extracellular matrix proteins we used the extracellular domain of proHB-EGF in a yeast two-hybrid system to screen a monkey kidney cDNA library. cDNA clones containing nucleotide sequences encoding domains of two proteins were obtained and their derived amino acid sequences were evaluated.
        
        
          Results
          From ≈ 3 × 106 screened monkey cDNA clones, cDNA clones were recovered that contained nucleotide sequences encoding domains of the monkey latent transforming growth factor-β binding protein-3 (MkLTBP-3) and fibulin-1C protein. The amino acid sequence derived from the MkLTBP-3 gene shared 98.6% identity with human LTBP-3 and 86.7% identity with mouse LTBP-3 amino acid sequences. The amino acid sequence derived from the monkey fibulin-1C gene shared 97.2% identity with human fibulin-1C. Yeast two-hybrid screens indicate that LTBP-3 and fibulin-1C interact with proHB-EGF through their calcium-binding EGF-like modules.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The interactions of the extracellular domain of proHB-EGF with LTBP-3 and fibulin-1C suggest novel functions for HB-EGF between cell and tissue surfaces.

Tags: extracellular-matrix, growth-factors, hb-egf, nih, protein-interactions
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Sources of nonlinearity in cDNA microarray expression measurements

Background
          A key assumption in the analysis of microarray data is that the quantified signal intensities are linearly related to the expression levels of the corresponding genes. To test this assumption, we experimentally examined the relationship between signal and expression for the two types of microarrays we most commonly encounter: radioactively labeled cDNAs on nylon membranes and fluorescently labeled cDNAs on glass slides.
        
        
          Results
          We uncovered two sources of nonlinearity. The first, which led to discrepancies in analysis affecting the fluorescent signals, was signal quenching associated with excessive dye concentrations. The second, affecting the radioactive signals, was a nonlinear transformation of the raw data introduced by the scanner. Correction for this transformation was made by some, but not all, image-quantification software packages.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The second type of nonlinearity is more troublesome, because it could not have been predicted a priori. Both types of nonlinearities were detected by simple dilution series, which we recommend as a quality-control step.

Tags: cdna-microarray, gene-expression, microarray-analysis, nih, signal-nonlinearity
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Indiana

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2011. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Seattle: Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2004-2011 - Seeking Detox

Excel file with estimates, rates, relative standard errors, trends and confidence intervals for all drug-related emergency department (ED) visits involving patients seeking detox in the Seattle metropolitan area, covering 2004-2011. This includes nonemergency requests made through the ED for admission to detoxification unit, visits to obtain medical clearance before being incarcerated, and acute emergencies where an individual is experiencing withdrawal symptoms and requests detox. These estimates do not include patients who seek or enter the hospital\'s detox unit through other avenues.

Tags: detoxification-seeking, drug-related-ed-visits, samhsa, seattle-metro-area, substance-use-trends
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Northern Mariana Islands

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Northern Mariana Islands. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, northern-mariana-islands, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Delaware: 2011-2012 NSDUH

This report presents Delaware\'s estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2011 and 2012 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: delaware-health, mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Trends in the United States:  Results from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH)

This national report summarizes findings from the 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) on trends in the behavioral health of people aged 12 years old or older in the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the United States. It details the rates and numbers of use of illicit drugs (e.g., marijuana, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, inhalants, and the nonmedical use of prescription-type pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives), alcohol, and tobacco products; rates and number of substance use disorders (SUDs); and rates and numbers of persons with any mental illness (AMI), serious mental illness (SMI), and major depressive episode (MDE).Results are provided by age subgroups. Substance use trends are presented for 2002 to 2014, while trends for most mental health issues are reported for 2008 to 2014.Other topics included in the 2014 NSDUH are being published separately as data reviews. These data reviews cover national trends in suicidal thoughts and behavior among adults, substance use treatment, mental health service use, initiation of substance use, and substance use risk and protective factors.

Tags: illicit-drug-use, mental-health-trends, nsduh-survey, samhsa, substance-use-disorders
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Coordinate regulation of RARgamma2, TBP, and TAF

Background
          Treatment of mouse F9 embryonal carcinoma cells with all-trans retinoic acid (T-RA) induces differentiation into primitive endodermal type cells. Differentiation requires the action of the receptors for all trans, and 9cis-retinoic acid (RAR and RXR, respectively) and is accompanied by growth inhibition, changes in cell morphology, increased apoptosis, proteolytic degradation of the RARγ2 receptor, and induction of target genes.
        
        
          Results
          We show that the RNA polymerase II transcription factor TFIID subunits TBP and TAFII135 are selectively depleted in extracts from differentiated F9 cells. In contrast, TBP and TAFII135 are readily detected in extracts from differentiated F9 cells treated with proteasome inhibitors showing that their disappearance is due to targeted proteolysis. This regulatory pathway is not limited to F9 cells as it is also seen when C2C12 myoblasts differentiate into myotubes. Targeting of TBP and TAFII135 for proteolysis in F9 cells takes place coordinately with that previously reported for the RARγ2 receptor and is delayed or does not take place in RAR mutant F9 cells where differentiation is known to be impaired or abolished. Moreover, ectopic expression of TAFII135 delays proteolysis of the RARγ2 receptor and impairs primitive endoderm differentiation at an early stage as evidenced by cell morphology, induction of marker genes and apoptotic response. In addition, enhanced TAFII135 expression induces a novel differentiation pathway characterised by the appearance of cells with an atypical elongated morphology which are cAMP resistant.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These observations indicate that appropriately timed proteolysis of TBP and TAFII135 is required for normal F9 cell differentiation. Hence, in addition to transactivators, targeted proteolysis of basal transcription factors also plays an important role in gene regulation in response to physiological stimuli.

Tags: apoptosis, cell-differentiation, gene-regulation, nih, retinoic-acid
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome in a university hospital emergency department: an observational study

Background
          It is widely considered that improved diagnostics in suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are needed. To help clarify the current situation and the improvement potential, we analyzed characteristics, disposition and outcome among patients with suspected ACS at a university hospital emergency department (ED).
        
        
          Methods
          157 consecutive patients with symptoms of ACS were included at the ED during 10 days. Risk of ACS was estimated in the ED for each patient based on history, physical examination and ECG by assigning them to one of four risk categories; I (obvious myocardial infarction, MI), II (strong suspicion of ACS), III (vague suspicion of ACS), and IV (no suspicion of ACS).
        
        
          Results
          4, 17, 29 and 50% of the patients were allocated to risk categories I-IV respectively. 74 patients (47%) were hospitalized but only 19 (26%) had ACS as the discharge diagnose. In risk categories I-IV, ACS rates were 100, 37, 12 and 0%, respectively. Of those admitted without ACS, at least 37% could probably, given perfect ED diagnostics, have been immediately discharged. 83 patients were discharged from the ED, and among them there were no hospitalizations for ACS or cardiac mortality at 6 months. Only about three patients per 24 h were considered eligible for a potential ED chest pain unit.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Almost 75% of the patients hospitalized with suspected ACS did not have it, and some 40% of these patients could probably, given perfect immediate diagnostics, have been managed as outpatients. The potential for diagnostic improvement in the ED seems large.

Tags: acute-coronary-syndrome, chest-pain, emergency-department, myocardial-infarction, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A possible alternative method for collecting mosquito larvae in rice fields

Background
          Rice fields are efficient breeding places for malaria vectors in Madagascar. In order to establish as easily as possible if a rice field is an effective larval site for anophelines, we compared classical dipping versus a net as methods of collecting larvae.
        
        
          Results
          Using similar collecting procedures, we found that the total number of anopheline larvae collected with the net was exactly double (174/87) that collected by dipping. The number of anopheline species collected was also greater with a net.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The net is an effective means of collecting anopheline larvae and can be used for qualitative ecological studies and to rapidly determine which rice fields are containing malaria vectors.

Tags: larval-collection, malaria-vectors, mosquito-larvae, nih, rice-fields
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Inhibition of spontaneous induction of lambdoid prophages in

Background
          Infections of bacterial cultures by bacteriophages are serious problems in biotechnological laboratories. Apart from such infections, prophage induction in the host cells may also be dangerous. Escherichia coli is a commonly used host in biotechnological production, and many laboratory strains of this bacterium harbour lambdoid prophages. These prophages may be induced under certain conditions leading to phage lytic development. This is fatal for further cultivations as relatively low, though still significant, numbers of phages may be overlooked. Thus, subsequent cultures of non-lysogenic strains may be infected and destroyed by such phage.
        
        
          Results
          Here we report that slow growth of bacteria decreases deleterious effects of spontaneous lambdoid prophage induction. Moreover, replacement of glucose with glycerol in a medium stimulates lysogenic development of the phage after infection of E. coli cells. A plasmid was constructed overexpressing the phage 434 cI gene, coding for the repressor of phage promoters which are necessary for lytic development. Overproduction of the cI repressor abolished spontaneous induction of the λimm434 prophage.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Simple procedures that alleviate problems with spontaneous induction of lambdoid prophage and subsequent infection of E. coli strains by these phages are described. Low bacterial growth rate, replacement of glucose with glycerol in a medium and overproduction of the cI repressor minimise the risk of prophage induction during cultivation of lysogenic bacteria and subsequent infection of other bacterial strains.

Tags: e-coli, lambdoid-prophages, lysogenic-development, nih, prophage-induction
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Production of Diamino propionic acid ammonia lyase by a new strain of

Background
          Seeds of the legume plant Lathyrus sativus, which is grown in arid and semi arid tropical regions, contain Diamino Propionic acid (DAP). DAP is a neurotoxin, which, when consumed, causes a disease called Lathyrism. Lathryrism may manifest as Neurolathyrism or Osteolathyrism, in which the nervous system, and bone formation respectively, are affected. DAP ammonia lyase is produced by a few microorganisms such as Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas, and is capable of detoxifying DAP.
        
        
          Results
          S. typhimurium PU011, a non-virulent bacterial strain isolated in our lab, was found to produce DAP ammonia lyase enzyme when grown in minimal medium containing DAP. There was a direct correlation between biomass yield and enzyme activity, until 16 h post inoculation in minimal medium containing DAP. Following ammonium sulphate precipitation and passing through Sephadex G100, CM-Sephadex and DEAE-Sephacel for crude enzyme extract preparation, about 68-fold enzyme purity was obtained. The purified enzyme gave maximum activity at pH 8.0 and was stable up to 45 degrees C. The Km value for the substrate was found to be 0.685mM, calculated from a Line Weaver Burk plot.
        
        
          Conclusion
          A new bacterial strain, S.typhimurium PU 011, which is capable of producing DAP ammonia lyase, was isolated.

Tags: dap-ammonia-lyase, diamino-propionic-acid, lathyrus-sativus, neurolathyrism, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Practice and professional development plans (PPDPs): results of a feasibility study

Background
          Dissatisfaction with uniprofessional education structures as a means of improving the quality of healthcare has led to proposals to develop ways of integrating professional learning and organisational development.
        
        
          Aims
          Test the feasibility of introducing practice and professional development plans using a centrally sponsored project in Wales.
        
        
          Design
          Qualitative observational study.
        
        
          Study sample
          All 541 practices in Wales were alerted to the project and invited to apply. A selection process was suggested to Health Authorities but not always efficiently conducted: 23 practices were selected and 18 participated in the process.
        
        
          Method
          Central funding was made available to health authorities. The project framework was designed by an educational department and conceptualised as the development of personal portfolios linked to one key organisation change in each practice, facilitated by external consultants who would typically hold workshops or other events. An independent researcher using non-participant observation techniques at workshops and practices undertook documentary analysis and fieldwork in four health authorities.
        
        
          Results
          Difficulties were encountered with the process of implementing the project: marketing and practice selection inconsistencies delayed the work and it was difficult to recruit practices into the project. The lack of experienced individuals to do the work and practitioner suspicion about perceived 'management' agendas were significant problems. After initial hesitancies most practices appreciated the value of developing wider ownership and commitment to proposed practice changes. Organisations found it difficult to support individual completion of the personal portfolio component of the plans. The ability to develop systems for clinical services was dependent on having already established a culture of effective teamwork in the organisation.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This work supports the view that organisational development has considerable potential for bringing about effective change, and individual contributions could form a valuable component of personal portfolios. We believe that the existing structures in education and management in the health service are not yet able to support these processes. Evidence from the fields of risk management and quality improvement all point to the need to develop effective organisational systems and the results of this feasibility study indicate that alternative models of sustaining organisational development need careful evaluation.

Tags: healthcare-quality, nih, organizational-development, professional-development, qualitative-study
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services