AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Effects of two atypical neuroleptics, olanzapine and risperidone, on the function of the urinary bladder and the external urethral sphincter in anesthetized rats

Background
          A previous report showed that the atypical neuroleptic clozapine resulted in marked changes in urodynamic parameters and greatly inhibited the activity of the external urethral sphincter in anesthetized rats. Such findings may help explain the high incidence of urinary disturbances reported during clozapine therapy. In an effort to extend our observations to other atypical neuroleptic agents, the present study investigated the effects of two newer atypical antipsychotics, olanzapine and risperidone, on the bladder and external urethral sphincter during cystometry in anesthetized rats.
        
        
          Results
          At a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.v.), olanzapine decreased the micturition volume and increased the residual volume. In addition, olanzapine decreased the expulsion time and the amplitude of the high frequency oscillations observed during the expulsion phase. Larger doses (1 mg/kg) had a greater effect. Olanzapine also reduced the activity recorded from the external urethral sphincter, and the bursting observed during the expulsion phase was abolished by 1.0 mg/kg. Risperidone had similar effects although the maximal effects were smaller than those observed with olanzapine. The amplitude of bladder contractions elicited by electrical stimulation of the pelvic nerve was reduced by olanzapine but not risperidone suggesting a possible anti-muscarinic peripheral effect of olanzapine.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Olanzapine and risperidone significantly altered several voiding parameters and decreased the activity of the external urethral sphincter in the anesthetized rat. We propose that these effects are due to the central action of these drugs and not to peripheral effects. These findings may explain some of the clinical reports of urinary incontinence with risperidone and may predict similar occurrences with olanzapine therapy.

Tags: nih, olanzapine-effects, risperidone-effects, urethral-sphincter, urinary-bladder-function
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 13. 2011-2012 NSDUH Tobacco Product Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State

Table 13. Tobacco Product Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2011 and 2012 NSDUHs. Results are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: nsduh-data, samhsa, state-level-data, tobacco-use, youth-tobacco
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2023 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Rhode Island

This is the 2023 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Rhode Island. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-data, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, rhode-island, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 527322: methyl 2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2H-imidazol-4-yl]acetate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: methyl 2-[5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2H-imidazol-4-yl]acetate. Molecular Formula: C18H15ClN2O2. Molecular Weight: 326.8. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cell contact interactions in rheumatology, The Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, London, UK, 1-2 June 2000

The intricate interactions that regulate relationships between endogenous tissue cells and infiltrating immune cells in the rheumatic joint, particularly in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), were the subject of the meeting. A better understanding of these interactions might help to define intervention points that could be used to develop specific therapies. The presentations and discussions highlighted the fact that, once chronic inflammation is established, several pro-inflammatory loops involving tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β can be defined. Direct cellular contact with stimulated T lymphocytes induces TNF-α and IL-1β in monocytes which in turn induce functions in fibroblast-like synoviocytes. The latter include the production of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) which enhances the expression of CD40L in T cells, which stimulates SDF-1α production in synoviocytes, which in turn protects T and B cells from apoptosis and enhances cell recruitment thus favoring inflammatory processes. IL-1β and TNF-α also induce IL-15 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes, which induces the production of IL-17 which in turn potentiates IL-1β and TNF-α production in monocyte-macrophages. This underlines the importance of TNF-α and IL-1β in RA pathogenesis, and helps explain the efficiency of agents blocking the activity of these cytokines in RA. Factors able to block the induction of cytokine production (such as apolipoprotein A-I [apo A-I] and interferon [IFN]-β) might interfere more distally in the inflammatory process. Furthermore, stimulated T lymphocytes produce osteoclast differentiation factor (ODF), which triggers erosive functions of osteoclasts. Therefore, factors capable of affecting the level of T lymphocyte activation, such as IFN-β, IL-15 antagonist, or SDF-1α antagonist, might be of interest in RA therapy.

Tags: cell-interactions, il-1beta, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, tnf-alpha
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Insulin: a wonder drug in the critically ill?

Stress hyperglycaemia is a common event in acute critical illness. There is increasing evidence that maintaining normoglycaemia and treatment with insulin (or with glucose–insulin–potassium [GIK]), even in non-diabetic persons, is helpful in limiting organ damage after myocardial infarction, stroke, traumatic brain injury and other conditions, even though the conditions may be accompanied by insulin resistance. A landmark study now suggests that maintaining normoglycaemia with intensive insulin treatment in a heterogeneous population of critically ill patients decreases morbidity and mortality. The potential mechanisms that underlie such a beneficial effect are discussed.

Tags: critical-illness, glucose-control, hyperglycemia-stress, insulin-therapy, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Children’s Bureau Guidance Regarding Extended Foster Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This letter from the Children’s Bureau describes how title IV-E agencies can utilize enhanced foster care programs during the COVID-19 pandemic to support youth who have left or may leave foster care.

Browse All COVID-19 Resources

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: 19, foster, guidance, instruction, policy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Manipulation of gene expression by an ecdysone-inducible gene switch in tumor xenografts

Background
          Rapid, robust and reversible induction of transgene expression would significantly facilitate cancer gene therapy as well as allow the in vivo functional study of newly discovered genes in tumor formation and progression. The popularity of the ecdysone inducible gene switch system has led us to investigate whether such a system can successfully regulate gene expression in a syngeneic tumor system in vivo.
        
        
          Results
          MBT-2 and Panc02 carcinoma cells were transfected with components of a modification of the ecdysone switch system driving firefly luciferase (F-Luc). In vitro luciferase expression ± ecdysone analog GS-E indicated a robust induction with minimal baseline activity and complete decay after 24 hours without drug. In vitro selection of MBT-2 transfected cell clones which had complete absence of F-Luc expression in the absence of stimulation but which expressed this gene at high levels in response to GS-E were chosen for in vivo evaluation. Tumors from engineered MBT-2 cells were grown to 5 mm in diameter prior to GS-E administration, animals euthanized and tumors removed at 6, 12 and 24 hours after GS-E administration and assayed for F-Luc activity. GS-E resulted in a maximal induction of F-Luc activity at 6 hours in tumor tissue with almost complete reversion to control levels by 12 hours.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This study is the first demonstration that robust and reversible transgene expression in tumors is feasible using the ecdysone system, allowing future rapid in vivo functional characterization of gene function or gene therapy applications.

Tags: ecdysone-inducible, gene-expression, gene-therapy, nih, tumor-xenografts
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525173: Nonapropylene glycol, monoallyl ether, acetate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 1-[1-[1-[1-[1-[1-[1-[1-(1-prop-2-enoxypropan-2-yloxy)propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yloxy]propan-2-yl acetate. Molecular Formula: C32H62O11. Molecular Weight: 622.8. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2010-2012 NSDUH National Maps of Prevalence Estimates by Substate Region

The 27 national maps presented here show the 2010-2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) estimates for 363 substate regions. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: mental-illness-prevalence, samhsa, substance-use, substate-estimates, suicidal-ideation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
What have transgenic and knockout animals taught us about respiratory disease?

Over the past decade there has been a significant shift to the use of murine models for investigations into the molecular basis of respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These models offer the exciting prospect of dissecting the complex interaction between cytokines, chemokines and growth related peptides in disease pathogenesis. Furthermore, the receptors and the intracellular signalling pathways that are subsequently activated are amenable for study because of the availability of monoclonal antibodies and techniques for targeted gene disruption and gene incorporation for individual mediators, receptors and proteins. However, it is clear that extrapolation from these models to the human condition is not straightforward, as reflected by some recent clinical disappointments. This is not necessarily a problem with the use of mice itself, but results from our continued ignorance of the disease process and how to improve the modelling of complex interactions between different inflammatory mediators that underlie clinical pathology. This review highlights some of the strengths and weaknesses of murine models of respiratory disease.

Tags: gene-knockout, murine-models, nih, respiratory-disease, transgenic-animals
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
NCANDS Agency File Codebook

The Agency File contains data that are not reportable at the child-specific level and often gathered from agencies external to CPS. The Agency File is a supplement to a case-level data file called the Child File. States are asked to submit both the Child File and the Agency File each year. This codebook shows the data elements included in an Agency File submission, along with definitions, values, and technical guidance provided to states.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: child, data, policy, reporting, scope
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Elevated nerve growth factor and neurotrophin-3 levels in cerebrospinal fluid of children with hydrocephalus

Background
          Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) resulting from impaired drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) causes hydrocephalus with damage to the central nervous system. Clinical symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) in infants may be difficult to diagnose, leading to delayed treatment by shunt placement. Until now, no biochemical marker of elevated ICP has been available for clinical diagnosis and monitoring. In experimental animal models, nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) have been shown to be produced by glial cells as an adaptive response to hypoxia. We investigated whether concentrations of NGF and NT-3 are increased in the CSF of children with hydrocephalus.
        
        
          Methods
          NGF was determined in CSF samples collected from 42 hydrocephalic children on 65 occasions (taps or shunt placement surgery). CSF samples obtained by lumbar puncture from 22 children with suspected, but unconfirmed bacterial infection served as controls. Analysis was performed using ELISA techniques.
        
        
          Results
          NGF concentrations in hydrocephalic children were over 50-fold increased compared to controls (median 225 vs 4 pg/mL, p < 0.0001). NT-3 was detectable (> 1 pg/mL) in 14/31 hydrocephalus samples at 2–51 pg/mL but in none of 11 control samples (p = 0.007).
        
        
          Conclusion
          NGF and NT-3 concentrations are increased in children with hydrocephalus. This may represent an adaptive response of the brain to elevated ICP.

Tags: cerebrospinal-fluid, hydrocephalus-children, intracranial-pressure, ngf-nt-3, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Illinois

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, illinois-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Gene-expression profiling of the response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and melanoma metastases to systemic IL-2 administration

Early changes in transcriptional profiles of circulating mononuclear cells were compared with those occurring within the microenvironment of melanoma metastases following systemic IL-2 administration. The results suggest that the immediate effects of IL-2 administration on the tumor microenvironment is transcriptional activation of genes predominantly associated with monocyte cell function.

Tags: gene-expression, il-2-administration, melanoma-metastases, mononuclear-cells, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525531: (3-Methoxy-4-cyclohexylmethoxy-phenyl)-acetic acid, methyl ester

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: methyl 2-[4-(cyclohexylmethoxy)-3-methoxyphenyl]acetate. Molecular Formula: C17H24O4. Molecular Weight: 292.4. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Michigan

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Michigan. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Private specificities can dominate the humoral response to self-antigens in patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis

Background
          The pathogenetic mechanisms that underlie the interstitial lung disease cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) may involve an immunological reaction to unidentified antigens in the lung, resulting in tissue damage.
        
        
          Method
          In order to identify the range of target autoantigens, we used expression cloning, employing serum from an index patient as the probe against an expressed cDNA library that was derived from a tumour cell line. We screened over 5 × 105 recombinants and obtained sequence information on three antigens that had provoked strong responses with immunoglobulin heavy chain class switching, presumably as a consequence of T-cell recognition.
        
        
          Results
          All of the antigens were identifiable by comparison with sequence data from the US National Center for Biotechnology Information. Alanyl tRNA synthetase (ATS) was picked on six occasions; five of these incidences reflected independent recombination events, indicating that the library was not biased. Antibodies to ATS (anti-PL-12) represent the most common reactivity that defines the antisynthetase syndrome, which is typically expressed as polymyositis, dermatomyositis and interstitial lung disease (ILD). The index patient never showed symptoms other than those associated with alveolitis, even though sera obtained from him over a period of 2 years contained antibodies with the same specificity. Autoantibodies to ATS were never detected in serial bleeds from 11 other patients with CFA, and neither did we detect antibodies to the other two antigens identified from the serum of the index patient.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The humoral response in patients with CFA can be dominated by autoantibodies with private specificities. This suggests that the antibodies are epiphenomenal and are a secondary feature of tissue damage induced by some other mechanism.

Tags: alanyl-trna-synthetase, antisynthetase-syndrome, autoantibody-profiling, fibrosing-alveolitis, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for California

This is the 2018 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for California. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Seattle: Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2004-2011 - All Visits

Excel file with estimates, rates, relative standard errors, trends and confidence intervals for all drug-related emergency department (ED) visits in the Seattle metropolitan area, covering 2004-2011. File includes all drug-related ED visits that are reportable to DAWN without regard for the reason for the visit or the specific drugs involved. It includes visits involving all forms of drug misuse or abuse plus visits resulting from adverse reaction, accidental ingestion, suicide attempts, and visits where patients were seeking detoxification services. These estimates are useful for looking at overall levels of drug involvement in ED visits.File includes data for over 500 drugs, including illicit drugs, prescription and over-the-counter medications, dietary supplements, inhalants and alcohol.  Includes total visits, gender, age group, race/ethnicity, outcome of visit, drug combinations, number of drugs involved in visit, drug frequency, and drugs confirmed by toxicology.Additional detail is provided for illicit drugs, psychotherapeutic drugs, central nervous system (CNS) drugs, respiratory drugs and cardiovascular drugs.

Tags: dawn-data, drug-related-ed-visits, emergency-department-data, samhsa, substance-abuse-trends
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
An analysis of the dependence of saccadic latency on target position and target characteristics in human subjects

Background
          Predictions from conduction velocity data for primate retinal ganglion cell axons indicate that the conduction time to the lateral geniculate nucleus for stimulation of peripheral retina should be no longer than for stimulation of central retina. On this basis, the latency of saccadic eye movements should not increase for more peripherally located targets. However, previous studies have reported relatively very large increases, which has the implication of a very considerable increase in central processing time for the saccade-generating system.
        
        
          Results
          In order to resolve this paradox, we have undertaken an extended series of experiments in which saccadic eye movements were recorded by electro-oculography in response to targets presented in the horizontal meridian in normal young subjects. For stationary or moving targets of either normal beam intensity or reduced red intensity, with the direction of gaze either straight ahead with respect to the head or directed eccentrically, the saccadic latency was shown to remain invariant with respect to a wide range of target angular displacements.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results indicate that, irrespective of the angular displacement of the target, the direction of gaze or the target intensity, the saccade-generating system operates with a constant generation time.

Tags: electro-oculography, eye-movements, nih, saccadic-latency, target-position
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Utah

This is the 2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Utah. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Maryland

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2011. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services