AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
NOAA 0.25-degree Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST), Version 2.1

This high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) analysis product was developed using an optimum interpolation (OI) technique. The OISST analysis has a spatial grid resolution of 0.25 degree and temporal resolution of 1 day, spanning from September 1981 to present. The analysis was constructed by combining observations from different platforms on a regular global grid, including Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite data, ships, buoys and Argo floats. A spatially complete SST map was produced by interpolating to fill in spatial gaps. The methodology includes bias adjustment of satellite and ship observations (referenced to buoys) to compensate for platform differences and sensor biases. This proved critical during the Mt. Pinatubo eruption in 1991, when the widespread presence of volcanic aerosols resulted in infrared satellite temperatures that were much cooler than actual ocean temperatures, and other degradation of satellite observations. Released in March 2020, Version 2.1 supersedes the previous Version 2. For the January 2016 to present time period, changes include: 1) In-Situ ship and buoy data changed from the NCEP Traditional Alphanumeric Codes (TAC) to the NCEI merged TAC + Binary Universal Form for the Representation (BUFR) data; 2) Addition of Argo float observed SST data; 3) Satellite input changed from METOP-A and NOAA-19 to METOP-A and METOP-B; 4) Revised ship-buoy SST corrections and revised sea-ice-concentration to SST conversion. The data before January 1, 2016 remain the same as Version 2.0. Preliminary product files are produced daily in near real-time (1-day latency) and can be updated in the first few days if critical input data become available after the initial production time. After two weeks, a complete or final product is generated and archived with no additional changes expected. The product is available in netCDF-4 with metadata attributes.

Tags: advanced very high resolution radiometer, atmospheric/ocean indicators, avhrr, climate indicators, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global ocean, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, ocean temperature, oceanic - surface - sea-surface temperature, oceans, sea surface, sea surface temperature, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
U.S. Local Climatological Data (LCD)

Local Climatological Data (LCD) are summaries of climatological conditions from airport and other prominent weather stations managed by NWS, FAA, and DOD. The product includes hourly observations and associated remarks, and a record of hourly precipitation for the entire month. Also included are daily summaries summarizing temperature extremes, degree days, precipitation amounts and winds. The tabulated monthly summaries in the product include maximum, minimum, and average temperature, temperature departure from normal, dew point temperature, average station pressure, ceiling, visibility, weather type, wet bulb temperature, relative humidity, degree days (heating and cooling), daily precipitation, average wind speed, fastest wind speed/direction, sky cover, and occurrences of sunshine, snowfall and snow depth. The source data is global hourly (DSI 3505) which includes a number of quality control checks.

Tags: air quality, american samoa, atlantic ocean, atmosphere, atmospheric radiation, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric water vapor, atmospheric winds, caribbean sea, central pacific ocean, cloud ceiling, cloud frequency, cloud properties, clouds, continent, cryosphere, degree days, dew point temperature, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nws, dod/usaf, dot/faa, earth science, federal aviation agency, guam, humidity, land surface, marshall islands, maximum/minimum temperature, micronesia, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, national weather service, nesdis, noaa, north america, north atlantic ocean, ocean, pacific ocean, palau, precipitation, precipitation amount, precipitation anomalies, puerto rico, sea ice, snow depth, sunshine, surface temperature, surface winds, temperature anomalies, u.s. air force, u.s. department of commerce, u.s. department of defense, u.s. department of transportation, united states of america, vertical location, virgin islands, visibility, water vapor indicators, western pacific ocean
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Master Station History Report

The Standard/Legacy MSHR, formally identified as the DSI-9767 dataset, is the legacy dataset/report sorted by NCDC Station ID and period of record. This dataset/report includes historical station changes in reported fields generating multiple records for a station where a new record is created for every period in which a reported component for a station is changed. This dataset is continued to be produced to support legacy processing systems.

Tags: altitude, atmosphere, coastal stations, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, fixed observation stations, geographic region, ghcn, global, global historical climatology network, ground stations, human dimensions, in situ land-based platforms, in situ/laboratory instruments, infrastructure, land surface, meteorological stations, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, ocean platform/ocean stations, rain gauges, station height, temperature/humidity sensors, thermometer, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, weather stations, weather stations/networks
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NCEP-GTS Marine Observations in BUFR format

The Global Telecommunications System (GTS) is a major component of transmitting global meteorological data, consisting of both in situ and satellite observations. This data is collected by a number of organizations, which archive and further process the data. The National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) collect this GTS data and formats it into BUFR (Binary Universal Form for the Representation of meteorological data) for their processing needs. After processing, the BUFR is transmitted to NCAR for archival and additional processing into the International Maritime Meteorological Archive (IMMA) format for the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS). NCAR also archives this IMMA-formatted data. NCDC will use these data as source input for the new ICOADS Near-Real-Time (NRT) product and will archive the two data streams from NCAR--the NCEP-BUFR data as well as IMMA (International Maritime Meteorological Archive) formatted data files (converted from the NCEP-BUFR file format) that are produced by NCAR. The IMMA format has been adopted by many organizations as the preferred format for marine observations. The data consists of basic observations taken from ships, buoys, C-MAN (Coastal Marine Automated Network), and tide-gauge stations. Observations may include: air and sea surface temperature, wind direction/speed, waves, sea level pressure, etc.

Tags: air quality, air temperature, anemometers, atmosphere, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric winds, barometers, buoys, c-man, cloud frequency, cloud height, cloud properties, cloud types, clouds, coastal marine network, coastal stations, cryosphere, dew point temperature, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global, global ocean, hygrometer, land surface, meteorological station, moorings, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, ocean platforms, ocean temperature, ocean waves, ocean winds, oceans, pressure gauges, pressure tendency, sea ice, sea ice concentration, sea level pressure, sea surface, sea surface temperature, ships, surface temperature, surface winds, swells, thermometers, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location, visibility, visual observations, wave height, wave height gauges, wave period, wave speed/direction
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) [13 km]

The Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) weather forecast model was developed by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). On May 1, 2012, the RUC was replaced by NCEP's Rapid Refresh (RAP) weather forecast model. The RUC was designed to produce quick, short-term, weather forecasts using the most currently available observations. When it was first implemented in 1994, the model was run every three hours making forecasts out to 12 hours. By 2002, the RUC was run every hour, on the hour, producing 12-hour forecasts with a 1 hour temporal resolution. This dataset contains a 13 km horizontal resolution Lambert Conformal grid covering the Continental United States (CONUS) domain.

Tags: 10 km - < 50 km or approximately .09 degree - < .5 degree, air quality, air temperature, altitude, atmosphere, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric pressure measurements, atmospheric stability, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric water vapor, atmospheric winds, boundary layer, boundary layer winds, continent, convection, dew point temperature, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, freezing rain, geopotential height, humidity, ice pellets, land surface, land surface temperature, liquid precipitation, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, nomads, north america, ocean temperature, oceans, planetary boundary layer height, potential temperature, precipitation, precipitation rate, pressure thickness, rain, sea level pressure, sea surface, sea surface temperature, skin temperature, sleet, snow, snow depth, snow/ice, solid precipitation, stratosphere, surface pressure, surface temperature, surface thermal properties, surface winds, terrestrial hydrosphere, the noaa operational model archive and distribution system, total precipitable water, tropopause, troposphere, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, upper air temperature, upper level winds, vertical location, vertical wind velocity/speed, visibility, vorticity, water vapor, water vapor indicators, water vapor profiles, wind dynamics, wind profiles
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Global Historical Climatology Network-hourly (GHCNh), Version 1

Global Historical Climatology Network-hourly (GHCNh) is a multisource collection of weather station (meteorological) observations from the late 18th Century to the present from fixed weather stations over land across the globe. It is replacing the Integrated Surface Dataset (ISD) and will be used to generate the Local Climatological Data and Global Summary of the Day datasets. It is constructed to align with GHCN daily. Version 1 contains approximately 110 separate data sources and will be updated daily using the United States Air Force and NOAA Surface Weather Observations data streams. GHCNh v1 contains the following variables: altimeter; dew_point_temperature; precipitation; pressure_3hr_change; pres_wx_AU1; pres_wx_AU2; pres_wx_AU3; pres_wx_AW1; pres_wx_AW2; pres_wx_AW3; pres_wx_MW1; pres_wx_MW2; pres_wx_MW3; relative_humidity; Remarks; sea_level_pressure; sky_cov_baseht_1; sky_cov_baseht_2; sky_cov_baseht_3; sky_cover_1; sky_cover_2; sky_cover_3; station_level_pressure; dry bulb temperature; visibility; wet_bulb_temperature; wind_direction; wind_gust; wind_speed.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric winds, atmospheric/ocean indicators, climate indicators, earth science, humidity indices, precipitation, sea level pressure, surface winds, wind speed/wind direction
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Continental United States Hurricane Strikes 1950-2012

The Continental U.S. Hurricane Strikes Poster is our most popular poster which is updated annually. The poster includes all hurricanes that affected the U.S. since 1950 with hurricane force winds, although some did not necessarily make landfall. This 32"x34" glossy poster will give you a quick look of the location and strength of each hurricane which struck the continental Unites States. The map includes the name, category strength, year, and approximate strike location of each hurricane.

Tags: alabama, atmosphere, atmospheric winds, connecticut, continent, data analysis and visualization, delaware, district of columbia, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth observation satellites, earth science, earth science services, florida, georgia, geostationary operational environmental satellite 12, goes (geostationary operational environmental satellite), goes-12, human dimensions, hurricanes, land surface, louisiana, maine, maryland, massachusetts, mississippi, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, natural hazards, nesdis, new hampshire, new jersey, new york, noaa, north america, north carolina, ocean winds, oceans, pennsylvania, rain storms, rhode island, sea surface, south carolina, surface winds, texas, tropical cyclones, typhoons, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vermont, vertical location, virginia, visualization/image processing, weather events, west virginia
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NESDIS Level 3 Blended Enterprise Rainfall Rates (ENTRAIN)

The NESDIS Enterprise Rainfall Rates (ENTRAIN) algorithm produces instantaneous rainfall rate maps for operational flood forecasting. The algorithm identifies raining pixels and derives rain rates on a pixel level from infrared (IR) imagery. Its calibration is based on matches of IR data with microwave (MW) derived rainfall rates, which are considered to be the most accurate estimates of instantaneous rainfall rate available from satellite data. The RR algorithm inputs include Level-1b IR observations from the ABI, AHI, and FCI instruments onboard the GOES, Himawari, and MTG satellites and ancillary MW rainfall rates from the NESDIS Blended Rain Rate product. The RR algorithm is based on the Self-Calibrating Multivariate Precipitation Retrieval (SCaMPR) algorithm. The data are produced by the NOAA Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) and are distributed as gridded, 2km files in the netCDF-4 file format with attributes included.

Tags: 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree, abi, advanced baseline imager, advanced himawari imager, ahi, atmosphere, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth observation satellites, earth science, fci, flexible combined imager, geographic region, geostationary operational environmental satellite 16, geostationary operational environmental satellite 18, global, goes-16, goes-18, himawari-8, himawari-9, meteosat, meteosat third generation, meteosat-11, mtg, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, precipitation, precipitation rate, seviri, space-based platforms, spinning enhanced visible and infrared imager, u.s. department of commerce
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
North American Dataset

The North American Dataset contains sets of Maximum, Minimum and Average Temperature data and Precipitation data that are either (1) raw (non-adjusted though flagged for possible quality issues), (2) adjusted due to time of observation bias (TOB) or (3) put through the Pairwise Homogenization Algorithm (PHA). These files contain North American stations and its data are measured in hundredths of degrees Celsius (without decimal place) for temperature and tenths of millimeters (without decimal place) for Precipitation. Each file includes the entire available Period of Record.

Tags: air temperature, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric temperature, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, earth science, ghcn, global historical climatology network, land surface, maximum/minimum temperature, meteorological stations, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, point resolution, precipitation, rain gauges, surface temperature, thermometers, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location, weekly - < monthly
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Reference Climatological Stations

The Reference Climatological Stations (RCS) network represents the first effort by NOAA to create and maintain a nationwide network of stations located only in areas where no changes in the surroundings are foreseen. Efforts to establish the network began in 1954 by the National Weather Service. The network became operational in 1966 with the selection of fifteen stations from a list of 28 candidate sites; six more were added as the network expanded. Most stations were located at university agricultural experiment stations. Core data elements include temperature, rainfall, and wind speed & direction. Some stations also measured evaporation and soil temperature. Observations were taken daily by volunteer observers, and were a subset of the extensive NWS Cooperative Observations network. Stations were assigned Cooperative Station IDs, but were provided with special forms on which to record wind speed and direction, elements not recorded at other Coop stations.

Tags: anemometers, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric - surface - wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric winds, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, in situ land-based platforms, land surface, maximum/minimum temperature, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, precipitation, rain gauges, surface temperature, surface winds, thermometers, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, wind direction, wind speed
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of AVHRR Daily and Monthly Aerosol Optical Thickness over Global Oceans, Version 2.0 (Version Superseded)

*Note: This dataset version has been superseded by a newer version. It is highly recommended that users access the current version. Users should only use this version for special cases, such as reproducing studies that used this version.* This NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Aerosol Optical Thickness (AOT) is derived from data taken over global oceans from the PATMOS-x AVHRR level-2b channel 1 (0.63 micron) orbital clear-sky radiance. The retrieval is performed for selected spatial (8-km) and temporal (1 time per day) resolution in cloud free condition during daytime over global oceans. The AVHRR AOT CDR version 2 extends from 1981 to 2009 and includes both daily and monthly data in an equal angle grid (0.1x0.1 degree). Version 2 has improved cloud screening and data processing from version 1. Due to the relatively large uncertainties associated with surface reflectance over water glint area and land surface as well as limited AVHRR retrieval channels, the current algorithm only performs retrieval over non-glint water surface (specifically at the anti-solar side of the orbit and viewing angle is larger than 40 degree away from the specular ray).

Tags: 50 km - < 100 km or approximately .5 degree - < 1 degree, advanced very high resolution radiometer, advanced very high resolution radiometer-2, advanced very high resolution radiometer-3, aerosol optical depth/thickness, aerosols, atmosphere, atmospheric - composition - aerosol properties, avhrr, avhrr-2, avhrr-3, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global ocean, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-11, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-12, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-14, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-15, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-16, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-17, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-18, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-19, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-7, national oceanic & atmospheric administration-9, nesdis, noaa, noaa climate data record (cdr) program, noaa onestop project, noaa poes, noaa polar orbiting environmental satellites, noaa-11, noaa-12, noaa-14, noaa-15, noaa-16, noaa-17, noaa-18, noaa-19, noaa-7, noaa-9, satellite, u.s. department of commerce
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Commercial (Comm) Radio Occultation (RO) Raw Data Record (RDR) from Spire Global Subsidiary

This dataset contains Commercial (Comm) Radio Occultation (RO) raw data from Spire Global Subsidiary, which is an established method for remote sounding of the atmosphere. The technique uses an instrument in low-Earth orbit (LEO) to track radio signals from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) transmitters as they rise or set through the atmosphere. The occulting atmosphere refracts or bends the radio signals, and given the precise positions of both satellites, the bending angle can be deduced from the time delay of the signal. Collecting these measurements for a full occultation through the atmosphere provides a vertical profile of bending angles, from which profiles of physical quantities such as temperature, humidity, and ionospheric electron density can be retrieved. These data primarily feed numerical weather prediction (NWP) models that support weather forecasts, and also support space weather analysis/prediction at NOAA.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric composition, atmospheric temperature, constellation observing system for meteorology, cosmic data analysis and archive center, cubesats, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, global, global navigation satellite system radio occultation, gnss-ro receiver, ionosphere, ionosphere and climate, ionosphere/magnetosphere dynamics, low earth orbit (leo), national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, noaa central computer facility, sun-earth interactions, surface, u.s. department of commerce, ucar/cosmic/cdaac, university corporation for atmospheric research, upper air temperature, upper atmosphere, vertical location, vertical profiles
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce