AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ABoVE: Methane Ebullition Hotspots in Frozen Lakes near Fairbanks, Alaska, Oct 2014

This dataset includes maps of the locations and number of methane ebullition hotspots in 15 frozen lakes in the southern portion of the Goldstream Valley and the surrounding landscape just north of Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. Hotspots were identified from early winter high resolution aerial photographs acquired three days after lake-ice formation in October 2014. Hotspot ebullition seeps are defined as point-sources of high ebullition that release methane from lake sediments year-round. High rates of bubbling impede ice formation. In early winter, bubbling leads to dark, round open holes in lake ice which were visible in the aerial photos. This project investigated the role of theromkarst lakes in thawing of permafrost and mobilization of organic carbon in frozen soils.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Multi-model Uncertainty of Carbon Stocks and Fluxes across ABoVE Domain, 2003

This dataset provides estimates of the uncertainty in components of the carbon cycle including: soil carbon stock, autotrophic respiration (Ra), heterotrophic respiration (Rh), net ecosystem exchange (NEE), net primary production (NPP), and gross primary productivity (GPP) across the entire ABoVE Study Domain at 0.5-degree resolution for the reference year 2003. The uncertainties were calculated from the multi-model (n = 20) disagreement, i.e. standard deviation, from the Trends in Net Land Atmosphere Carbon Exchanges program (TRENDY) and the North American Carbon Program (NACP) regional synthesis model outputs averaged to annual means. This total uncertainty integrates both structural uncertainty of land-surface physics among models as well as inherent parametric uncertainty introduced within models, and uncertainty from forcing data.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Landsat-derived Annual Dominant Land Cover Across ABoVE Core Domain, 1984-2014

This dataset provides two 30-m resolution time series products of annual land cover classifications over the Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) core domain for each year of the period 1984-2014. The data are the annual dominant plant functional type in a given 30-m pixel derived from Landsat surface reflectance, landcover training data mapped across the ABoVE domain (using Random Forests modeling, with clustering and interpretation of field photography) and very high resolution imagery to assign land cover classifications. One product has a 15-class land cover classification that breaks out forest and shrub types into several additional classes; the other product provides a simplified, 10-class approach. Classification accuracy assessment results are provided per year. Assessments were based on a probability-based random sample of reference data that supported statistically robust estimation of areas and uncertainties in mapped areas.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Post-Fire and Unburned Field Site Data, Anaktuvuk River Fire Area, 2008-2017

This dataset includes field measurements from 26 burned and unburned transects established in 2008 in the region of the Anaktuvuk River tundra fire on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, US. Measurements include plant cover by species, shrub and tussock density, thaw depth, and soil depth. This wildfire occurred in 2007, and sampling took place in 2008-2011 and in 2017.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMEX04 Aircraft Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) Data, Sonora, Version 1

Notice to Data Users: The documentation for this data set was provided solely by the Principal Investigator(s) and was not further developed, thoroughly reviewed, or edited by NSIDC. Thus, support for this data set may be limited. This data set includes brightness temperature and soil moisture data acquired with the Polarimetric Scanning Radiometer (PSR) instrument, an airborne microwave imaging radiometer developed and operated by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Environmental Technology Laboratory.

Tags: earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: MODIS-derived Maximum NDVI, Northern Alaska and Yukon Territory for 2002-2017

This dataset provides the maximum Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) at 1-km resolution over northern Alaska, USA and the Yukon Territory, Canada for each year from 2002-2017, as well as a 16 year maximum NDVI product. MODIS products MOD13Q1 and MYD13Q1 from Collection 6 were acquired at 250-m pixel size from June 1-August 30 of each year. Within each growing season from 2002-2017, the maximum NDVI was determined for each pixel. These maximum NDVI values were then aggregated to 1-km by selecting the maximum NDVI from the sixteen 250-m pixels values nested within each 1-km pixel. A long-term 16-year maximum NDVI was then derived from the time series of annual maximum NDVI values.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMEX04 Site Photographs, Arizona, Version 1

Notice to Data Users: The documentation for this data set was provided solely by the Principal Investigator(s) and was not further developed, thoroughly reviewed, or edited by NSIDC. Thus, support for this data set may be limited. This data set includes photographs of the regional study areas of Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico as part of the 2004 Soil Moisture Experiment (SMEX04).

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Photochemical Reflectance and Tree Growth, Brooks Range, Alaska, 2018-2019

This dataset provides simultaneous in-situ measurements of the photochemical reflectance index (PRI) and radial tree growth of selected white spruce trees (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) at the northern treeline in the Brooks Range of Alaska, south of Chandalar Shelf and Atigun Pass on the east side of the Dalton Highway. PRI and dendrometer measurements were simultaneously collected on 29 trees from six plots spaced along a 5.5 km transect from south to north where tree density becomes increasingly sparse. Measurements were made throughout the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons (May 1 to September 15) with a sampling interval of 5 minutes. The data were collected to better understand the suitability of the PRI to remotely track radial tree growth dynamics.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SOLVE II DC-8 Aircraft High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL) Data

SOLVE2_AircraftRemoteSensing_DC8_HSRL_Data is the remotely sensed trace gas data for the DC-8 aircraft collected during the SAGE III Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment II (SOLVE II) by the High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL). Data collection for this product is complete. The SOLVE campaign was a NASA multi-program effort of the Upper Atmosphere Research Program (UARP), Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP), Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) and Earth Observing System (EOS) of NASA’s Earth Science Enterprise (ESE). SOLVE’s primary objective was for calibrating and validating the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III satellite measurements, while examining the processes that controlled ozone levels at a mid- to high-latitude range. The major goal of SAGE III was to quantitatively assess ozone loss at high latitudes. SOLVE was a two-phase experiment, the first phase, SOLVE, occurred during the fall of 1999 through the spring of 2000. The second phase, SOLVE II, occurred during the winter of 2003. SOLVE took place in the Arctic high-latitude region during the winter. The polar ozone depletion processes cause by human-produced chlorine and bromine are most active in mid-to-late winter and early spring in the high Arctic. In order to conduct this validation experiment, NASA deployed the NASA ER-2 aircraft and NASA DC-8 aircraft. The ER-2 measured a variety of atmospheric data, including ozone (O3), H2O, CO2, ClONO2, HCl, ClO/BrO, and Cl2O2. The DC-8 aircraft measured ozone, ClO/BrO, and aerosol, among other atmospheric data. SOLVE also utilized balloon platforms, ground-based instruments, and collaborations with the German Aerospace Center’s (DLR) FALCON aircraft equipped with the OLEX Lidar to achieve the mission objectives. Overall, the campaign had 28 flights, with SOLVE featuring 17 total flights among the different aircrafts and SOLVE II featuring 11 flights.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Rain-on-Snow Frequency and Distribution during Cold Seasons, Alaska, 1988-2023

This dataset provides maps of rain-on-snow (ROS) events across Alaska for the individual cold season months from November to March using observations from two space-borne passive microwave radiometers: (a) the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR-E/2) from 2002 to 2023; and (b) the Special Sensor Microwave Imager and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager Sounder (SSMI/S) from 1988 to 2020. Considering the differences in sensor overpass time, observation geometry, and ancillary snow cover data, the AMSR-E/2 and SSMI/S-based ROS records were generated separately. ROS events were defined as changes in surface snow wetness and isothermal states induced by atmospheric processes associated with winter rainfall or latent heat exchange. The data are summations of the number of days with ROS events per pixel at 6-km spatial resolution per month or per 5-month water year. Winter months are when snowmelt from solar illumination is minimal and snow cover is widespread and relatively consistent throughout the region. The data are provided in GeoTIFF format.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Reflectance Spectra of Tundra Plant Communities across Northern Alaska

This dataset reports full-spectrum (350-2500 nm) reflectance measurements of diverse plant communities at the plot-level and individual plant species at the leaf-level, at multiple sites across northern Alaska during the 2017 and 2018 summer field seasons. Plot-level reflectance data (1 m2) include an assemblage of vascular and non-vascular species comprising tundra plant communities, while leaf-level scans are specific to one particular tundra species. Reflectance measurements were collected using a HR-1024i spectrometer and data were calibrated using a Spectralon white reference panel during sampling to correct for changing light conditions. Sampling methods and data and metadata structure follow that of the Ecological Spectral Information System (EcoSIS) Spectral Library.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Permafrost Measurements and Distribution Across the Y-K Delta, Alaska, 2016

This dataset provides field observations of thaw depth and dominant vegetation types, a LiDAR-derived elevation map, and permafrost distribution and probability maps for an area on the coastal plain of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), in western Alaska, USA. Field data were collected during July 8-17, 2016 to parameterize and to validate the derived permafrost maps. The YKD is in the sporadic to isolated permafrost zone where permafrost forms extensive elevated plateaus on abandoned floodplains. The region is extremely flat and vulnerable to eustatic sea-level rise and inland storm surges. These high-resolution permafrost maps support landscape change analyses and assessments of the impacts of climate change on permafrost in this region of high biological productivity, critical wildlife habitats, and subsistence-based human economy.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMEX05 Watershed Soil Moisture Data: Iowa, Version 1

Notice to Data Users: The documentation for this data set was provided solely by the Principal Investigator(s) and was not further developed, thoroughly reviewed, or edited by NSIDC. Thus, support for this data set may be limited. This data set combines data for several parameters measured in the Walnut Creek watershed located in Iowa, USA for the Soil Moisture Experiment 2005 (SMEX05).

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-bulk-density, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: SAR-based Methane Ebullition Flux from Lakes, Five Regions, Alaska, 2007-2010

This dataset provides Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) estimates of lake-source methane ebullition flux in mg CH4/m2/d for thousands of lakes in five regions across Alaska. The study regions include the Atqasuk, Barrow Peninsula, Fairbanks, northern Seward Peninsula, and Toolik. L-band SAR backscatter values for early winter lake ice scenes were collected from 2007 to 2010 over 5,143 lakes using the Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (PALSAR) instrument on the Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS-1) satellite. The backscatter data were combined with field measurements of methane ebullition from 48 study lakes across the five regions to obtain a volumetric flux estimate for each lake. Mean methane gas-fractions from each region were applied to the SAR-based volumetric fluxes to obtain an estimate of methane ebullition mass flux per lake. The data files contain lake perimeters and the lake-specific attributes of lake area, SAR backscatter values and standard errors, volumetric flux with standard errors, mean percent of methane from gas samples, and methane ebullition mass flux.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SMEX04 Vegetation Water Content Data, Sonora, Version 1

Notice to Data Users: The documentation for this data set was provided solely by the Principal Investigator(s) and was not further developed, thoroughly reviewed, or edited by NSIDC. Thus, support for this data set may be limited. This data set consists of Vegetation Water Content (VWC) data for two Soil Moisture Experiment 2004 (SMEX04) regional study areas: Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico. VWC was derived from the Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) which was obtained from Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: River Ice Breakup and Freeze-up Stages, Yukon River Basin, Alaska, 1972-2016

This dataset provides estimates of river ice breakup and freeze-up stages along selected reaches of the Yukon and Tanana Rivers in the Yukon River Basin in interior Alaska from 1972-2016. Time series of Landsat satellite images were visually interpreted to identify the day of year and characteristics of the different stages of river ice seasonality. The stages of breakup or freeze-up were distinguished from one another based on the spatial extent and patterns of open water and ice cover. Images were displayed as false color composites, with the shortwave infrared (SWIR), near infrared (NIR), and green bands represented by red, green, and blue.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Soil Active Layer Thaw Depths at CRREL sites near Fairbanks, Alaska, 2014-2018

This dataset provides soil active layer thaw depth measurements collected along transects at three sites near Fairbanks, Alaska, USA. Measurements were made during the late summers of 2014-2018. The sites were located at Creamer's Field, the Permafrost Tunnel, and Farmer's Loop (two transects). Vegetation ecotypes along the transects are also reported. The US Army Corps of Engineers, Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) owns and operates facilities at the Permafrost Tunnel and Farmer's Loop. The sites are suitable for manipulation experiments, installing permanent equipment, and establishing long-term measurements.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Seasonal Dissolved Gases and Isotopes in Arctic Alaska Rivers

This dataset provides dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) concentrations alongside their stable and radiocarbon isotopic compositions within the Arctic Sagavanirktok and Kuparuk River watersheds located on the North Slope of Alaska. The data were collected during the spring, fall, and summer seasons in 2022. In field separation of the bulk gaseous components (N2, CO2, and CH4) from the liquid phase was achieved using a degassing membrane contactor. Laboratory isotopic analyses were conducted at the W. M. Keck Carbon Cycle Accelerator Mass Spectrometer facility at UC Irvine. This collection aims to provide insights into the seasonal dynamics of greenhouse gas emissions in these critical Arctic environments, thereby contributing valuable information for climate change research and monitoring programs. The data are provided in comma separated values (CSV) format.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SOLVE II Miscellaneous DC-8 Aircraft Data

SOLVE2_Miscellaneous_DC8_Data is the supplementary miscellaneous data for the DC-8 aircraft collected during the SAGE III Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment II (SOLVE II). Data collection for this product is complete. The SOLVE campaign was a NASA multi-program effort of the Upper Atmosphere Research Program (UARP), Atmospheric Effects of Aviation Project (AEAP), Atmospheric Chemistry Modeling and Analysis Program (ACMAP) and Earth Observing System (EOS) of NASA’s Earth Science Enterprise (ESE). SOLVE’s primary objective was for calibrating and validating the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III satellite measurements, while examining the processes that controlled ozone levels at a mid- to high-latitude range. The major goal of SAGE III was to quantitatively assess ozone loss at high latitudes. SOLVE was a two-phase experiment, the first phase, SOLVE, occurred during the fall of 1999 through the spring of 2000. The second phase, SOLVE II, occurred during the winter of 2003. SOLVE took place in the Arctic high-latitude region during the winter. The polar ozone depletion processes cause by human-produced chlorine and bromine are most active in mid-to-late winter and early spring in the high Arctic. In order to conduct this validation experiment, NASA deployed the NASA ER-2 aircraft and NASA DC-8 aircraft. The ER-2 measured a variety of atmospheric data, including ozone (O3), H2O, CO2, ClONO2, HCl, ClO/BrO, and Cl2O2. The DC-8 aircraft measured ozone, ClO/BrO, and aerosol, among other atmospheric data. SOLVE also utilized balloon platforms, ground-based instruments, and collaborations with the German Aerospace Center’s (DLR) FALCON aircraft equipped with the OLEX Lidar to achieve the mission objectives. Overall, the campaign had 28 flights, with SOLVE featuring 17 total flights among the different aircrafts and SOLVE II featuring 11 flights.

Tags: earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-flight-data-logs
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Soil Temperature and VWC at Unburned and Burned Sites Across Alaska, 2016-2023

This dataset provides soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC) measurements at 15 cm depth collected at 12 selected boreal and tundra sites located across Alaska. Each site is equipped with a HOBO MicroStation Data Logger that hosts two soil temperature sensors (HOBO S-TMB-M006 Temperature Smart Sensor), and two soil moisture sensors (HOBO S-SMD-M005 10HS Soil Moisture Smart Sensor). Each sensor was installed horizontally at a depth of 15 cm within the soil profile. Samples of soil from seven sites were taken to a laboratory for determination of site-specific soil moisture sensor calibration curves to correct raw measurements. Data were nominally recorded at an hourly frequency and downloaded from the sites at least annually for the period 2016-08-11 to 2023-09-02, but data coverage varies by site. These measurements were collected at the same sites as previously archived CO2 efflux and thaw depth data. The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) format.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SORCE Combined XPS, SOLSTICE, and SIM Solar Spectral Irradiance 24-Hour Means V001 (SOR3D_COMBINED_001) at GES DISC

The SORCE Combined XPS, SOLSTICE, and SIM Solar Spectral Irradiance 24-Hour Means product consists of daily averages of the solar spetra from 0.1 to 2412 nm. The SORCE instruments make measurements during each daytime orbit portion, 15 orbits per day. This product combines data from the XPS, SOLSTICE and SIM instruments and merges them into a daily averaged solar spectra. The spectral resolution of SIM varies between 1-34 nm, SOLSTICE is 1 nm, and XPS is 7 nm. The SORCE combined data are arranged in a single file in a tabular ASCII text file which can be easily read into a spreadsheet application. The columns contain the date (calendar and Julian Day), min wavelength, max wavelength, instrument mode, input data version, spectral irradiance, irradiance uncertainty, and a data quality flag. Each row represents a separate day and wavelength.

Tags: earth-science-solar-activity-sun-earth-interactions-solar-irradiance-solar-spectral-irradiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Subsistence Resource Use Areas of Interior Alaskan Communities, 2011-2017

This dataset provide maps to show the search and harvest areas used by community residents for all subsistence resources combined across Interior Alaska for the years 2011 through 2017. The maps show the extent of areas used by residents for those communities where data collection and research has occurred; it is not a comprehensive use map for the entire area. The maps are a composite of data collected by the Division of Subsistence, Alaska Department of Fish and Game using standardized methods where respondents indicated the search areas for species harvested, the amounts harvested, and the location and months of harvest. These data are important for research, analysis, and regulatory assessment.

Tags: earth-science, nasa, remote-sensing
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration