AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Prosecution of Felony Arrests, 1982: Portland, Oregon and Washington, D.C.

This study provides statistical information on how
prosecutors and the courts disposed of criminal cases involving adults
arrested for felony crimes in two individual urban jurisdictions,
Portland, Oregon and Washington, D.C. Cases in the data files were
initiated or filed in 1982. Both the Washington, D.C. file and the
Portland file contain information on all felony arrests (which include
arrests declined as well as those filed), cases filed, and cases
indicted. Sentencing information is provided in the Portland file but
is not available for Washington D.C.

Tags: arrests, court-cases, court-system, criminal-justice-system, defendants, prosecuting-attorneys, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Sentencing Outcomes in 28 Felony Courts, 1985 [United States]

The purposes of this study are to describe sentencing
 outcomes in felony courts for selected serious offenses--homicide,
 rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny, and drug
 trafficking--and to establish a statistical series on sentencing
 outcomes in felony courts throughout the United States. The
 jurisdictions consist of cities and counties with an average
 population of 1.1 million. Among the jurisdictions, the
 sentencing schemes available varied, with both determinate and
 indeterminate sentencing practices in operation. The study
 distinguishes between core informational items such as criminal
 charges, type of sentence imposed and terms of the prison
 sentence, and optional items such as characteristics of the
offense and the defendant, and how the case was processed.

Tags: aggravated-assault, burglary, drug-traffic, felony-courts, larceny, rape, robbery, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
City Police Expenditures, 1946-1985: [United States]

This study examines police expenditures for selected cities 
 for an extended period of time. The data set contains one variable per 
 year for each of the following items: total general expenditures, 
 expenditure for police protection, deflated general expenditures 
 adjusted for inflation, deflated police expenditures adjusted for 
 inflation, residential population, land area, patterns of population 
 change during the study period, government identification, and implicit 
price deflators of goods and services.

Tags: crime, crime-prevention, expenditures, government-services, local-government, municipal-expenditures, police-protection, public-expenditures
Organization: Department of Justice
Prosecution of Felony Arrests, 1982: St. Louis

This data collection provides statistical information on how
prosecutors and the courts disposed of criminal cases involving adults
arrested for felony crimes in an individual urban jurisdiction, St.
Louis. The cases in the data file represent cases initiated in 1982,
defined as screened, or filed in 1982. The collection includes
disposition data on felonies for which an initial court charge was
filed (cases filed) and for those felony arrests that were ultimately
indicted or bound over to the felony court for disposition (cases
indicted). It does not include information on all felony arrests
declined for prosecution. It is, with a few exceptions, extracted from
the defendant, case, charge and sentence records.

Tags: arrests, court-cases, court-system, criminal-justice-system, defendants, prosecuting-attorneys, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
National Survey of Children: Wave I, 1976, Wave II, 1981, and Wave III, 1987

The purpose of this study was to assess the physical,
social, and psychological well-being of American children, to develop a
national profile of the way children in the United States live, to
permit analysis of the relationships between the conditions of
children's lives and measures of child development, and to examine the
effects of marital disruption on the development of children and on the
operation of single and multi-parent families. Information is provided
on the child's well-being, family, experiences with family disruption,
behavior, physical health, and mental health.

Tags: child-development, children, divorce, families, family-structure, mental-health, single-parent-families, youths
Organization: Department of Justice
National Crime Surveys: Redesign Data: Peoria Record Check Study

The purpose of this study was to measure criminal activity
in the United States based on survey reports of crime victims. In the
study two different questionnaire forms were used in order to assess
which provided better responses. One form was very lengthy and asked
detailed questions about each household, person, and incident. The
second form was much shorter and asked very generalized questions. The
data collection was an attempt to find alternative methods of sampling,
interviewing, designing questionnaires, managing data, and reporting
results. Detailed information is provided on household characteristics
and other characteristics of the respondents, as well as on crime
incidents, including burglary, vandalism, assault, and rape.

Tags: assault, crime, demographic-characteristics, households, justice, medical-care, medical-history, robbery, victimization, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers (CFLEO), [United States], Fiscal Year 2016

In 2016, there were approximately 132,000 full-time federal law enforcement officers who were authorized to make arrests and carry firearms in the United States and its territories. This data collection comes from the Census of Federal Law Enforcement Officers (CFLEO) and describes the agencies, functions, sex, and race of these officers. The data cover federal officers with arrest and firearm authority in both supervisory and non-supervisory roles employed as of September 30, 2016. The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) administered the CFLEO to 86 federal agencies employing officers with arrest and firearm authority. The data do not include officers stationed in foreign countries and also exclude officers in the U.S. Armed Forces.

Tags: arrests, census, federal-government, firearms, law-enforcement-agencies
Organization: Department of Justice
National Census of Victim Service Providers, [United States], 2017

The purpose of the National Census of Victim Service Providers (NCVSP) is to describe the field of organizations or programs that are dedicated to serving victims of crime or abuse. The NCVSP collects characteristics about victim service providers (VSPs) over the past year, including the structure of the organization, the services the organization provided to victims, the availability of a hotline/helpline for victims, the types of crimes for which victims received services, the number of staff providing victim services, and current issues of concern to victim service providers. The information is intended for use by policymakers, practitioners at the Federal, state and local levels, academic researchers, and special interest groups to inform decisions related to victim services and the organizations that provide these services. The NCVSP also provides descriptive information about the full universe of organizations that provide crime victim services that can be used to develop representative samples for the National Survey of Victim Service Providers (NSVSP) and other VSP surveys.

Tags: abuse, crime, victim-services, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Executions in the United States, 1608-1940: The ESPY File -- Summary Data of Executions Collected by M. Watt Espy Between 1986 and 1996

This collection consists of four summary variables based on new data collected by M. Watt Espy between 1986 and 1996 after he corrected and updated the data in 1992. See the related collection, EXECUTIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, 1608-2002: THE ESPY FILE (ICPSR 8451). The summary variables consist of the ethnicity of the executed, the state, territory, district or colony of execution, the decade of execution, and the geographical region of execution. They were complete as of March 1, 1996.

Tags: capital-punishment, crime, criminal-justice-system, executions, historical-data, offenders, offenses
Organization: Department of Justice
Police Departments, Arrests and Crime in the United States, 1860-1920

These data on 19th- and early 20th-century police department
and arrest behavior were collected between 1975 and 1978 for a study of
police and crime in the United States. Raw and aggregated time-series
data are presented in Parts 1 and 3 on 23 American cities for most
years during the period 1860-1920. The data were drawn from annual
reports of police departments found in the Library of Congress or in
newspapers and legislative reports located elsewhere. Variables in Part
1, for which the city is the unit of analysis, include arrests for
drunkenness, conditional offenses and homicides, persons dismissed or
held, police personnel, and population. Part 3 aggregates the data by
year and reports some of these variables on a per capita basis, using a
linear interpolation from the last decennial census to estimate
population. Part 2 contains data for 267 United States cities for the
period 1880-1890 and was generated from the 1880 federal census volume,
REPORT ON THE DEFECTIVE, DEPENDENT, AND DELINQUENT CLASSES, published
in 1888, and from the 1890 federal census volume, SOCIAL STATISTICS OF
CITIES. Information includes police personnel and expenditures,
arrests, persons held overnight, trains entering town, and population.

Tags: arrests, census-data, crime, criminal-justice-system, police-activity, police-chiefs, united-states
Organization: Department of Justice
Multi-User Database on the Attributes of United States Appeals Court Judges, 1801-2000

This project orignally was undertaken to compile a definitive
database on the personal, social, economic, career, and political
attributes of judges who served on the United States Courts of Appeals from
1801 to 1994 - it has now been updated to include information through the year 2000. The database includes conventional social background
variables such as appointing president, religion, political party
affiliation, education, and prior experience. In addition, unique items are
provided: the temporal sequence of prior career experiences, the
timing of and reason for leaving the bench, gender, race and ethnicity,
position numbering analogous to the scheme used for the Supreme Court,
American Bar Association rating, and net worth (for judges who began
service on the bench after 1978). The second objective of this project
was to merge
these data with a multi-user database on United States Courts of Appeals decisions
that is headed by Donald Songer and funded by the National Science
Foundation. That database includes a unique identification number
for each judge participating in a particular decision. The combined
databases
should enable scholars to explore: (1) intra- and inter-circuit fluctuation
in the distribution of social background characteristics, (2) generational
and presidential cohort variation in these attributes, and (3) state
and partisan control of seats. The collection also facilitates the
construction of models that examine the effects of personal attributes on
decision-making, while controlling for the conditions above.

Tags: appellate-courts, biographical-data, careers, databases, educational-background, ethnicity, judges, judicial-decisions, personal-finances, political-affiliation, religious-behavior, social-history
Organization: Department of Justice
Impact of Sentencing Guidelines on the Use of Incarceration in Federal Criminal Courts in the United States, 1984-1990

The primary purpose of this data collection was to examine
 the impact of the implementation of sentencing guidelines on the rate
 of incarcerative and nonincarcerative sentences imposed and on the
 average length of expected time to be served in incarceration for all
 offenses as well as for select groups of offenses. The measure of
 sentence length, "expected time to be served," was used to allow for
 assumed good time and parole reductions. This term represents the
 amount of time an offender can expect to spend in prison at the time
 of sentencing, a roughly equivalent standard that can be measured
 before and after the implementation of federal criminal sentencing
 guidelines in 1987. Three broad offense categories were studied: drug
 offenses, robbery, and economic crimes. Drug offenses include a wide
 range of illegal activities involving marijuana, heroin, and
 cocaine. Robbery includes bank and postal robbery (both armed and
 unarmed) as well as other types of robbery offenses that appear less
 frequently in the federal system, such as carrying a firearm during
 the commission of a robbery. Economic offenses include fraud (bank,
 postal, and other), embezzlement (bank, postal, and other), and tax
 evasion. Other monthly data are provided on the number of prison and
probation sentences for all offenses and by offense categories.

Tags: courts, drug-law-offenses, imprisonment, parole, probation, program-evaluation, robbery, sentencing, sentencing-guidelines, tax-evasion
Organization: Department of Justice
Prosecutorial Discretion and Plea Bargaining in Federal Criminal Courts in the United States, 1983-1990

The primary purpose of this data collection was to study
 whether prosecutorial behavior was affected by the implementation of
 federal criminal sentencing guidelines in 1987. Monthly time series
 data were constructed on a number of prosecutorial outcomes,
 representing either discrete decision steps in the processing of
 criminal cases or the characteristics of cases that passed through the
 system. Variables include disposition year and month, number of matters
 initiated, number of cases filed, declined, and dismissed, number of
 convictions by trial, by jury, and by bench trial, number of guilty
 pleas, ratio of guilty pleas to cases resolved, and ratio of trials to
 cases resolved. The collection also provides a series of dichotomous
 variables to assess the impact of various events on prosecutorial
 outcomes over time. These events include the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of
 1986 (effective November 1986), implementation of the sentencing
 guidelines (November 1987), Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988 (November
 1988), United States Supreme Court's decision in the Minstretta case
 affirming the constitutionality of the sentencing guidelines (January
 1989), and Attorney General Thornburgh's memo outlining Justice
Department policy on charging and prosecution (March 1989).

Tags: case-dismissal, case-processing, court-cases, courts, disposition-legal, guilty-pleas, plea-negotiations, pleas, policies-and-procedures, prosecution, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
National Survey of Judges and Court Practitioners, 1991

The United States Sentencing Commission, established by the
 98th Congress, is an independent agency in the judicial branch of
 government. The Commission's primary function is to institute
 guidelines that prescribe the appropriate form and severity of
 punishment for offenders convicted of federal crimes. This survey was
 developed in response to issues that arose during site visits
 conducted in conjunction with an implementation study of sentencing
 guidelines and was intended to supplement the information obtained in
 the more extensive site visit interviews. Topics include the impact of
 the plea agreement, departures by the court, mandatory minimum
 sentences, the general issue of unwarranted sentencing disparity, and
 whether this disparity had increased, decreased, or stayed about the
same since the sentencing guidelines were imposed in 1987.

Tags: convictions-law, courts, federal-offenses, judges, offenders, plea-negotiations, pleas, policies-and-procedures, punishment, sentencing, sentencing-guidelines
Organization: Department of Justice
Criminal Justice Outcomes of Male Offenders in 14 Jurisdictions in the United States, 1985-1988

This data collection provides information on multiple 
 prosecutions for individual offenders. The data are intended for use in 
 the exploration and description of relationships among the various 
 elements of the adjudication process (characteristics of the offender 
 and offense and decisions made by various actors in the prosecution and 
 sentencing of the offenders). The sampled incidents were drawn from two 
 types of offenses: residential burglary and armed robbery. The 
 collection includes only those incidents involving male offenders who 
 were previously unknown to their victims and who were facing 
 adjudication in adult court. The data collection instrument probed five 
 areas for each offender and incident sampled: A. Related Incidents 
 (information to identify all other incidents for which processing 
 overlapped that of the sampled incident), B. Incident Description 
 (information about the criminal incident itself, such as date and 
 location of the incident, date of arrest, victims, weapons, 
 accomplices, witnesses, and evidence), C. Adjudication Process 
 (information such as bond amount, legal representation, adjudication 
 events and outcomes, date of sentencing, and type and length of 
 incarceration), D. Defendant (information about the defendant himself, 
 including date of birth, race/descent, and employment status), and E. 
 Prior Record (information about the defendant's record, such as his age 
 at first arrest and first incarceration, the number of times he was 
incarcerated, and history of drug and/or alcohol abuse).

Tags: armed-robbery, arrests, burglary, criminal-histories, judicial-process, male-offenders, prosecution, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
Augmented Federal Probation, Sentencing, and Supervision Information System, 1985

The United States Sentencing Commission, established by the 
 98th Congress, is an independent agency in the judicial branch of 
 government. The Commission recommends guidelines prescribing the 
 appropriate form and severity of punishment for offenders convicted of 
 federal crimes. These data were collected to determine whether 
 sentencing disparities existed and whether the guidelines were 
 adequate. Basic information in the collection includes a description of 
 the offense, characterization of the defendant's background and 
 criminal record, method of disposition of the case, and sentence 
 imposed. Felony and misdemeanor cases are included while petty offense 
 cases are excluded. Three types of additional information were used to 
 augment the existing data: (1) more detailed offense and offender 
 characteristics identified by the United States Sentencing Commission 
 but coded by federal probation officers, (2) actual time served in 
 prison from the SENTRY data file of the United States Bureau of 
 Prisons, and (3) information necessary to estimate prospective release 
 dates from the hearing files of the United States Parole Commission. 
The unit of analysis is the defendant.

Tags: criminal-histories, disposition-legal, federal-offenses, felony-offenses, misdemeanor-offenses, offenders, probation, sentencing, sentencing-guidelines
Organization: Department of Justice
Mandatory Drug Offender Processing Data, 1987: New York

The National Consortium for Assessing Drug Control
 Initiatives, funded by the Bureau of Justice Assistance and
 coordinated by the Criminal Justice Statistics Association, collected
 drug offender processing data from the state of New York. The purpose
 of the project was to track adult drug offenders from the point of
 entry into the criminal justice system (typically by arrest) through
 final court disposition, regardless of whether the offender was
 released without trial, acquitted, or convicted. These data allow
 researchers to examine how the criminal justice system processes drug
 offenders, to measure the changing volume of drug offenders moving
 through the different segments of the criminal justice system, to
 calculate processing time intervals between major decision-making
 events, and to assess the changing structure of the drug offender
 population. For purposes of this project, a drug offender was defined
 as any person who had been charged with a felony drug offense. The
 data are structured into six segments pertaining to (1) record
 identification, (2) the offender (date of birth, sex, race, and ethnic
 origin), (3) arrest information (date of arrest, age at arrest, arrest
 charge code), (4) prosecution information (filed offense code and
 level, prosecution disposition and date), (5) court disposition
 information (disposition offense and level, court disposition, final
 disposition date, final pleading, type of trial), and (6) sentencing
 information (sentence and sentence date, sentence minimum and
 maximum). Also included are elapsed time variables. The unit of
analysis is the felony drug offender.

Tags: adults, arrests, case-processing, criminal-justice-system, disposition-legal, drug-offenders, prosecution, sentencing
Organization: Department of Justice
State Court Organizations, 2004 [United States]

This data collection provides detailed comparative information
 about the structure, policies, and procedures of state-wide trial and
 appellate court systems for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and
 Puerto Rico in the United States as of June 31, 2004. Information
 gathered includes: the number of courts and judges, judicial selection,
 governance of court systems (including judicial funding, administration,
 staffing, and procedures), jury qualifications and verdict rules, and
 processing and sentencing procedures of criminal cases. Data collection
was carried out by the National Center for State Courts.

Tags: appellate-courts, court-system, judge-selection, judges, juries, policies-and-procedures, state-courts, trial-courts
Organization: Department of Justice
Multi-User Database on the Attributes of United States District Court Judges, 1801-2000

This project was undertaken to compile a definitive database on the personal, social, economic, career, and political attributes of judges who served on the United States District Courts from 1801 to 2000. The database includes conventional social background variables such as the name of the appointing president, the judge's religion, political party affiliation, education, and prior experience. In addition, unique items are provided: the temporal sequence of prior career experiences, the timing of and reason for leaving the bench, gender, race and ethnicity, position numbering analogous to the scheme used for the Supreme Court, American Bar Association rating, and net worth (for judges who began service on the bench after 1978). The second objective of this project was to merge these data with a multi-user database on United States District Court decisions. The database is headed by Donald Songer and funded by the National Science Foundation. It includes a unique identification number for each judge participating in a particular decision. The combined databases should enable scholars to explore: (1) intra- and inter-circuit fluctuation in the distribution of social background characteristics, (2) generational and presidential cohort variation in these attributes, and (3) state and partisan control of seats. The collection also facilitates the construction of models that examine the effects of personal attributes on decision making, while controlling for the conditions above. See also MULTI-USER DATABASE ON THE ATTRIBUTES OF UNITED STATES APPEALS COURT JUDGES, 1801-1994 (ICPSR 6796).

Tags: biographical-data, careers, databases, district-courts, educational-background, ethnicity, judges, judicial-decisions, personal-finances, political-affiliation, religious-behavior, social-history
Organization: Department of Justice