AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 80m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-80m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z28
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 80m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-80m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z29
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 50m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: a2e, anl-50m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z31
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 50m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: a2e, anl-50m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z30
Organization: Department of Energy
Point clouds derived from satellite imagery, Dzhungarian Fault

This dataset contains a ~280 km long section of the Dzhungarian Fault (Bo-A Fault) running across Kazakhstan and China. The point cloud data were derived via photogrammetric methods by Leica Photogrammetry Suite built in ERDAS Imagine from data acquired by Airbus Defence and Space (Pleiades bi-stereo optical imagery).  

Organization: OpenTopography
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 50m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-50m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z30
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 50m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-50m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z31
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 10m, (1) Sonics, (1) EBBR, Physics site-3 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Sonic anemometers from Physics Site-3 and Site-9 provide wind components and virtual temperature. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) station at Physics site-3 provides measurements of the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, net radiation, and surface soil heat flux.

**Data Quality**

Data will be automatically screened using similar maximum/minimum range limits used, for example, for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement EBBR systems. Data also will be visually inspected for outliers and obviously incorrect data periods. 

Tags: a2e, anl-10m-1-sonics-1-ebbr-physics-site-3, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z20
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 10m, (1) Sonics, (1) EBBR, Physics site-3 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Sonic anemometers from Physics Site-3 and Site-9 provide wind components and virtual temperature. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) station at Physics site-3 provides measurements of the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, net radiation, and surface soil heat flux.

**Data Quality**

Data will be automatically screened using similar maximum/minimum range limits used, for example, for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement EBBR systems. Data also will be visually inspected for outliers and obviously incorrect data periods. 

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-10m-1-sonics-1-ebbr-physics-site-3, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z20
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 10m, (1) Sonic, Physics site-9 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Sonic anemometers from Physics Site-3 and Site-9 provide wind components and virtual temperature. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) station at Physics site-3 provides measurements of the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, net radiation, and surface soil heat flux.

**Data Quality**

Data will be automatically screened using similar maximum/minimum range limits used, for example, for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement EBBR systems. Data also will be visually inspected for outliers and obviously incorrect data periods. 

Tags: a2e, anl-10m-1-sonic-physics-site-9, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z22
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 10m, (1) Sonic, Physics site-9 - Raw Data

**Overview**

Sonic anemometers from Physics Site-3 and Site-9 provide wind components and virtual temperature. The energy balance Bowen ratio (EBBR) station at Physics site-3 provides measurements of the surface fluxes of latent and sensible heat, net radiation, and surface soil heat flux.

**Data Quality**

Data will be automatically screened using similar maximum/minimum range limits used, for example, for the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement EBBR systems. Data also will be visually inspected for outliers and obviously incorrect data periods. 

Tags: 00, a2e, anl-10m-1-sonic-physics-site-9, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z22
Organization: Department of Energy
Sodar - PNNL Scintec MFAS, Oregon Raceway Park - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

These data provide measurements of wind speed and direction up to 400 m above ground level (AGL) (max). The data are stored in two forms: ASCII and raw (binary). ASCII files contain averaged data (currently: 15 min time step and 10 m range gate). Raw files can be reprocessed with sodar software (APRun by Scintec) to produce ASCII files with different time and/or height averaging settings (highest resolution is approximately 90 sec and 10 m). 

NOTE: Wind direction is reported with respect to magnetic North.

**Data Quality**

No quality control (QC) checks beyond those implemented in the sodar software/firmware, APRun 1.46 by Scintec.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, pnnl-scintec-mfas-oregon-raceway-park, reviewed-data, sodar, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z07
Organization: Department of Energy
Sodar - PNNL Scintec MFAS, Oregon Raceway Park - Raw Data

**Overview**

Provide measurements of wind speed and direction up to 400 m AGL (max). The data are stored in 2 forms: ASCII and raw (binary). ASCII files contain averaged data (currently -- 15 min time step and 10 m range gate); raw files could be reprocessed with the sodar software (APRun by Scintec)  to produce ASCII files with different time and/or height averaging settings (highest resolution is approx. 90 sec and 10 m). 

**Data Quality**

No QC checks beyond implemented in the sodar software/firmware (APRun 1.46 by Scintec)

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, pnnl-scintec-mfas-oregon-raceway-park, raw-data, sodar, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z07
Organization: Department of Energy
Sodar - NREL Scintex SFAS Wind Profiler, Condon - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

The dataset includes 15-minute average wind speed and direction records from 10 m to 250 m above ground level (AGL) in 5-m range gates. Data were collected by a Scintec SFAS wind profiler installed at the Condon State Airport in Oregon, about 1.8 km northeast of the center of Condon, Ore., and are intended for validating WFIP2 model improvements.

**Data Details**

Instrument location:
* N 45° 14’ 41.58” (N 45.244885)  
* W 120° 10’ 06.58” (W 120.168495)

Instrument clock and computer system time set to UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Scintec SFAS wind profiler instrument installed at the Decker Ranch is capable of measuring at heights up to 500 m. For this study, the maximum height was set to 250 m. The instrument was oriented to true north, so no corrections to the wind direction should be made. Scintec wind profilers come with the APRun software package, which performs data collection and quality control (QC), among other functions. Version 1.46 of APRun was used in this study.

The APRun manual states:
*The primary results are checked against local signal quality criteria, combined signal quality criteria and two-dimensional spatial/temporal consistency tests. Any data that does not pass all quality control tests is devalidated and removed*.

Devalidation means replacing the value with an error value, usually a series of ‘9’s, such as 99.99 or 999.99. Not all devalidated data are actually removed from the *.mnd files, so the user must filter them out. There are some error flags that indicate the type of error, but these are not included in the *.mnd files, and we have no access to them.

Because QC already has been performed by APRun, our QC procedures consisted of removing samples with error values and performing a visual inspection of the data to see if larger patterns indicated any kind of problem.

There are 515 gaps of two hours or less and 26 gaps of more than two hours. The longest gaps are:
* 47.78 days, from 2016-03-16 18:00Z to 2016-05-03 12:45Z  
* 40.20 days, from 2016-06-04 13:15Z to 2016-07-14 18:00Z

All gaps that exceed two hours are listed in file: Condon_gaps.txt.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, nrel-scintex-sfas-wind-profiler-condon, reviewed-data, sodar, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z13
Organization: Department of Energy