AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
SWOT Level 2 Water Mask Pixel Cloud Data Product, Version C

Point cloud of water mask pixels (“pixel cloud”) with geolocated heights, backscatter, geophysical fields, and flags. Point cloud over tile (approx 64x64 km2); half swath (left or right side of full swath). Available in netCDF-4 file format.<br> Please note that this collection contains SWOT Version C science data products.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Postlaunch Oceanography Field Campaign L1 Moorings

The SWOT Postlaunch Oceanography Field Campaign L1 Moorings collection provides the surface air pressure, GPS, and conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) measurements from moorings at the L1 processing level. The SWOT satellite mission launched in late 2022 and underwent a calibration and validation (cal/val) phase in 2023. As part of cal/val, an array of oceanographic instruments was deployed at a site 300 km offshore of California, including moorings at 11 distinct sites from February to October 2023. <br><br> L1 data are instrument data converted to physical units and merged with the relevant metadata. L1 data do not have adjustments to calibrations or scientific quality control applied. L1 data are meant for data provenance only, and are likely only to be useful to users involved in calibration issues.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-ocean-temperature-profiles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Level 2 Water Mask Pixel Cloud Data Product, Version D

The SWOT Level 2 Water Mask Pixel Cloud Product (SWOT_L2_HR_PIXC_D) provides high-resolution, geolocated observations of terrestrial surface water pixels detected by the Ka-band Radar Interferometer (KaRIn) onboard the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite. This product contains the foundational “pixel cloud” data from which hydrologic features such as rivers, lakes, floodplains, and wetlands are later identified and analyzed in higher-level products. The PIXC product provides the unstructured point cloud of water detections at full instrument resolution (~15–25 m cross-track, ~5–10 m along-track), supporting fine-scale hydrologic analyses and applications such as water body delineation, flood mapping, and change detection. Each granule represents one KaRIn high-rate tile (~64 × 64 km²), corresponding to either the left or right half of the instrument swath. It includes individual water pixel detections with associated geodetic coordinates, ellipsoidal heights, normalized radar backscatter, and classification flags indicating surface type (e.g., land, water, ice, or layover). Pixel heights are referenced to the WGS84 ellipsoid and are not corrected for solid Earth tides, ocean tides, or pole tides like KaRIn low-rate oceanography products. Users may apply additional processing or corrections depending on the intended scientific use. Data are distributed in NetCDF-4 format and follow Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata conventions. The PIXC product is complemented by an auxiliary pixel cloud product (PIXCVec) that provides a less noisy, height-constrained geolocation of the observed water pixels and identifies associated river and lake features in the SWOT Prior River & Lake Databases (PRD & PLD). Together they support the derivation of higher-level, featured based River and Lake hydrology products from SWOT.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Level 2 Water Mask Pixel Cloud Auxiliary Data Product, Version D

The SWOT Level 2 Water Mask Pixel Cloud Auxiliary Data Product (SWOT_L2_HR_PIXCVec_D) provides per-feature attributes for surface water bodies identified from the Ka-band Radar Interferometer (KaRIn) measurements collected by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite. This auxiliary product complements the Level 2 Pixel Cloud (PIXC) product by assigning individual water pixels to hydrologic features such as river reaches and lakes, and summarizing key scalar quantities for each feature. <br><br> Each granule corresponds to one KaRIn high-rate tile (~64 × 64 km²), covering either the left or right swath, and contains georeferenced attributes for each identified water body. These include averaged and derived quantities such as water surface height, area, width, and slope, along with identifiers that enable linkage to external hydrologic databases and to features in other SWOT data products. The data are distributed in NetCDF-4 format and follow Climate and Forecast (CF) metadata conventions. <br><br> The PIXCVec product is designed to support hydrologic analysis by structuring the raw pixel cloud data (PIXC) into meaningful, feature-based summaries. It enables downstream applications such as river discharge estimation and time series analysis of water surface elevation for lakes and rivers, and is particularly useful for studies requiring consistent tracking of water body features over time.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The Lake Observations by Citizen Scientists & Satellites (LOCSS) Level 1 Version 1.0

This dataset contains data from the Lake Observations by Citizen Science and Satellites project, LOCSS which is a lake monitoring network. The data represent the location and main descriptors of the lake gauges and their readings. LOCSS project aims to collaborate with local citizens to monitor small and medium sized lakes (i.e., lakes with an average surface area less than 100 km2). At each location, a lake gauge is installed and provided with a cellphone number. Local citizens read the water level at each lake gauge and sent it in a text message. Data can also be manually collected and uploaded later from the website in remote places where cellphone signal is challenged. The readings are specified in cm, m, or ft, according to the local unit system. This version of the dataset has lakes located in seven (7) countries: Bangladesh, India, Canada, the United States, Pakistan, and Nepal. This product consists of two files in comma-separated values (csv) format : 1) the list of gauges whose attributes include gauge coordinates, installation dates, the height of the gauge, reading units, city, time zone, and installation notes; 2) list of readings by each gauge specified in the local time. To discover more details about LOCSS, please visit https://www.locss.org/.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-water
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The Observing-system Research and predictability experiment ER2 MODIS Airborne Simulator

THORPEX_ER2_MAS data are THe Observing-system Research and Predictability EXperiment (THORPEX) ER_2 MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) Data in HDF covering Hawaii and the Pacific Ocean.THe Observing-system Research and predictability experiment (THORpex) is a ten-year international research program where the primary objective is to accelerate improvements in short range weather predictions and warnings over the Northern Hemisphere. The fifth in an ongoing series of ER-2 field experiments, THORpex is the primary over-water validation experiment for the GIFTS (Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer) satellite. The MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) is an airborne scanning spectrometer that acquires high spatial resolution imagery of cloud and surface features from its vantage point on-board a NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. The MAS spectrometer acquires high spatial resolution imagery in the range of 0.55 to 14.3 microns. A total of 50 spectral bands are available in this range. A 50-channel digitizer which records all 50 spectral bands at 12 bit resolution became operational in January 1995. The MAS spectrometer is mated to a scanner sub-assembly which collects image data with an IFOV of 2.5 mrad, giving a ground resolution of 50 meters from 20000 meters altitude, and a cross track scan width of 85.92 degrees.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Satellite Reconstructed Attitude Data

Satellite attitude reconstructed from combination of onboard gyro and star tracker data. Daily 26-hour files centered at 12:00:00 (TAI) provide quaternions to represent the rotation between the spacecraft body-fixed KaRIn Metering Structure Reference Frame and the inertial Geocentric Celestial Reference Frame. Available in netCDF-4 file format with latency of < 1.5 days.

Tags: earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-attitude-characteristics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Simulated Level 2 North America Continent High Rate River Vectors Product Version 1.0

This dataset contains a simulated river data product to be provided by the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. SWOT will provide a global coverage but this dataset is a subset for the North America continent. This product is derived from the measurements produced by the main SWOT instrument, the Ka-band Interferometer. They are produced for inland and coastal hydrology surfaces, as controlled by the reloadable KaRIn HR mask. This product contains two shapefiles: 1) river reaches (approximately 10 km long) identified in the prior river database (PRD); and 2) river nodes (approximately 200 m spacing) identified in prior river database (PRD). Each river reach is divided into a number of nodes. Attributes include water surface elevation, slope, width, and uncertainty estimates. As they are derived from SWOT KaRIn measurements, each granule covers an area that is approximately 128 km wide in the cross-track direction with a 20-km nadir gap. Note that this is a simulated SWOT product and not suited for any scientific exploration.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-lakes-reservoirs, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-stage, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-total
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Simulated Level-2 Nadir SSH from GLORYS for Science Version 1

This dataset provides simulated sea surface height (SSH) in a format similar to the future SWOT Level 2 (L2) altimetry data from the Poseidon 3C nadir altimeter. The simulated data are from the Global Ocean Reanalysis and Simulations (GLORYS). SSH data from GLORYS were rendered from their native output format into the format prescribed in the SWOT L2 SSH PDD to aid ongoing data product development and to benefit future users of data produced during operational phases of the SWOT mission.

Tags: earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Simulated Level-2 Nadir SSH from MITgcm ECCO LLC4320 for Science Version 1

This dataset provides simulated sea surface height (SSH) in a format similar to the future SWOT Level 2 (L2) altimetry data stream from the Poseidon 3C nadir altimeter. The simulated data were generated by the "ECCO LLC4320" global ocean simulation. ECCO, which means "Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean", is a data assimilation and model (and the international consortium of scientists who maintains it) based on the MIT general circulation model (MITgcm) that assimilates and constrains observational data from numerous sources to estimate the ocean state. The model operates on the Lat-Lon-Cap (LLC) grid with a nominal horizontal resolution of 1/48-degrees (when approximated over the entire model domain, corresponding to ~2-km cell size at the equator). SSH data produced by ECCO LLC4320 were rendered from the native output format into the format prescribed in the SWOT L2 SSH PDD to aid ongoing data product development and to benefit future users of data produced during operational phases of the SWOT mission.

Tags: earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TARA-EUROPA

For two consecutive years (2023-2024), the schooner Tara is participating in the study of coastal ecosystems all along the European coast. The sampling of Tara Europa is part of the TREC expedition Traversing European Coastlines, led by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) in collaboration with the Tara OceanS consortium, the Tara Ocean Foundation and more than 70 scientific institutions. Its objective is to study the land-sea interface, where biodiversity meets numerous pollutions.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Simulated Level-2 Nadir SSH from MITgcm ECCO LLC4320 for Cal/Val Version 1

This dataset provides simulated sea surface height (SSH) in a format similar to the future SWOT Level 2 (L2) altimetry data stream from the Poseidon 3C nadir altimeter. The simulated data were generated by the "ECCO LLC4320" global ocean simulation. ECCO, which means "Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean", is a data assimilation and model (and the international consortium of scientists who maintains it) based on the MIT general circulation model (MITgcm) that assimilates and constrains observational data from numerous sources to estimate the ocean state. The model operates on the Lat-Lon-Cap (LLC) grid with a nominal horizontal resolution of 1/48-degrees (when approximated over the entire model domain, corresponding to ~2-km cell size at the equator). SSH data produced by ECCO LLC4320 were rendered from the native output format into the format prescribed in the SWOT L2 SSH PDD to aid ongoing data product development and to benefit future users of data produced during operational phases of the SWOT mission.

Tags: earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The OceanX 2025 campaign on the OceanXplorer research vessel for NASA in collaboration with OceanX to collect critical in-water optical measurements and concentrations of carbon, phytoplankton pigments and community composition across the western Indian O

The OceanX 2025 campaign on the OceanXplorer presented a unique and compelling opportunity for NASA in collaboration with OceanX to collect critical in-water optical measurements and concentrations of carbon, phytoplankton pigments and community composition in the Indian Ocean and eastern Atlantic Ocean. This timing coincides with the second year of NASA's PACE mission, providing an exceptional opportunity for satellite data product validation. The ocean and coastal areas that OceanXplorer navigated through spanned low to high productivity waters, yield many opportunities for clear skies (enabling coincident in situ measurements with satellite observations), and diverse water types (clear blue ocean to algal-rich coastal ocean to more turbid nearshore) makes this opportunity ideal for validating PACE data with crucial in-situ data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of PACE measurements. The primary aim for NASA GSFC/OEL/FSG and PVST participation on the OceanXplorer field campaign in 2025 was to collect a suite of state-of-the-art ocean measurements for the validation of NASA's PACE satellite mission data products. Field measurements included ocean optical properties of ocean radiometry, absorption, attenuation, scattering, as well as phytoplankton pigments, organic carbon, and phytoplankton community composition, biomass and physiology as well as aerosol measurements.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SWOT Simulated Level-2 KaRIn SSH from MITgcm ECCO LLC4320 for Science Version 1

This dataset provides simulated sea surface height (SSH) in a format similar to the future SWOT Level 2 (L2) SSH data from KaRIn. The simulated data were generated by the "ECCO LLC4320" global ocean simulation. ECCO, which means "Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean", is a data assimilation and model (and the international consortium of scientists who maintains it) based on the MIT general circulation model (MITgcm) that assimilates and constrains observational data from numerous sources to estimate the ocean state. The model operates on the Lat-Lon-Cap (LLC) grid with a nominal horizontal resolution of 1/48-degrees (when approximated over the entire model domain, corresponding to ~2-km cell size at the equator). SSH data produced by ECCO LLC4320 were rendered from the native output format into the format prescribed in the SWOT L2 SSH PDD to aid ongoing data product development and to benefit future users of data produced during operational phases of the SWOT mission.

Tags: earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The PANGEA Scoping Study Final Report

This dataset provides the final report from the PAN tropical investigation of bioGeochemistry and Ecological Adaptation (PANGEA) scoping study. PANGEA is one of the two scoping studies funded by NASA in 2023 to identify the scientific questions and develop the initial study design and implementation concept for a new NASA Terrestrial Ecology field campaign. This report provides 1) the scientific rationale; 2) an initial study design concept; 3) a presentation of science questions, goals, and objectives; 4) the rationale in terms of state-of-the-art, relevance, and expected advances; 5) implementation concepts; and 6) other information to enable NASA to fully evaluate the project. This report outlines the PANGEA concept, including the PANGEA science themes, science questions, the scientific and technical advancement arising from PANGEA, the critical role of NASA remote sensing, PANGEA's research strategy and study design, PANGEA's capacity-building and training priorities, community engagement strategy, ability to enable Earth Action, and technical and logistical feasibility. The PANGEA concept reflects the voices of many and was developed in collaboration with over 800 individuals representing over 300 organizations from 42 countries across five continents. This report is provided in five languages including English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, and Indonesian.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TCSP AMPR BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE (TB) V2

The TCSP AMPR Brightness Temperature (TB) dataset consists of brightness temperature measurements from July 5, 2005 to July 27, 2005. The Advanced Microwave Precipitation Radiometer (AMPR) remotely senses passive microwave signatures of geophysical parameters from an airborne platform. The instrument is a low noise system which can provide multi-frequency microwave imagery with high spatial and temporal resolution. AMPR data are collected at a combination of frequencies (10.7, 19.35, 37.1, and 85.5 GHz) unique to current NASA aircraft instrumentation. These frequencies are well suited to the study of rain cloud systems, but are also useful to studies of various ocean and land surface processes. AMPR data were collected at four microwave frequencies (10.7, 19.35, 37.1 and 85.5 GHz).

Tags: earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tara Mediterranean Expedition in 2014

Over the past decades, the proliferation of plastics has rapidly become a global problem affecting all oceans. With 80% of plastics in the sea originating from land, this pollution highlights the interactions between our daily lives and the ocean, and reinforces the need for a transition to an economy that is more respectful of the planet. During the Tara Mediterranean expedition in 2014, the schooner crisscrossed the Mare nostrum to study the interaction of plastics with plankton, and biodiversity in general. First edifying observation: of the 2000 samples taken during the expedition from 350 different sites, all contained plastic fragments.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tara Oceans Expedition

The Tara Oceans expedition, a 2.5-year long and 57,000 mile long trajectory, was conceived to provide a snapshot of the distribution of planktonic organisms in the world ocean, providing 'A global-scale study of morphological, genetic, and functional biodiversity of plankton organisms in relation to the changing physico-chemical parameters of the oceans' (Karsenti et al., 2011). The expedition took place from September 2009 to March 2012, spanned the majority of the world's oceans, and included, besides a large array of biological sampling, hydrographic measurements, optical measurements of surface hyper-spectral particulate absorption and attenuation, hyper-spectral reflectance and HPLC pigments.E. Karsenti, S.G. Acinas, P. Bork, C. Bowler, C. De Vargas, J. Raes, and 22 co-authors, A holistic approach to marine eco-systems biology, PLoS Biol. 9, e1001177, (2011), doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001177.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
TCSP ER-2 LIGHTNING INSTRUMENT PACKAGE (LIP) V1

The TCSP ER-2 Lightning Instrument Package (LIP) dataset consists of electrical field measurements of lightning from seven field mills, air conductivity data from a two channel conductivity probe, and navigation data, for the period of July 2 to July 27, 2005. These data were collected by the Lightning Instrument Package (LIP) flown aboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft during the Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (TCSP) field campaign in July 2005. The main goal of the campaign was to gain further insight into the structure and lifecycle of tropical weather systems. The TCSP ER-2 LIP data are provided in ASCII text files with PNG browse image files.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-electricity-atmosphere-atmospheric-conductivity, earth-science-atmospheric-electricity-atmosphere-electric-field
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration