AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ORMDL proteins are a conserved new family of endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins

Background
          Annotations of completely sequenced genomes reveal that nearly half of the genes identified are of unknown function, and that some belong to uncharacterized gene families. To help resolve such issues, information can be obtained from the comparative analysis of homologous genes in model organisms.
        
        
          Results
          While characterizing genes from the retinitis pigmentosa locus RP26 at 2q31-q33, we have identified a new gene, ORMDL1, that belongs to a novel gene family comprising three genes in humans (ORMDL1, ORMDL2 and ORMDL3), and homologs in yeast, microsporidia, plants, Drosophila, urochordates and vertebrates. The human genes are expressed ubiquitously in adult and fetal tissues. The Drosophila ORMDL homolog is also expressed throughout embryonic and larval stages, particularly in ectodermally derived tissues. The ORMDL genes encode transmembrane proteins anchored in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Double knockout of the two Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologs leads to decreased growth rate and greater sensitivity to tunicamycin and dithiothreitol. Yeast mutants can be rescued by human ORMDL homologs.
        
        
          Conclusions
          From protein sequence comparisons we have defined a novel gene family, not previously recognized because of the absence of a characterized functional signature. The sequence conservation of this family from yeast to vertebrates, the maintenance of duplicate copies in different lineages, the ubiquitous pattern of expression in human and Drosophila, the partial functional redundancy of the yeast homologs and phenotypic rescue by the human homologs, strongly support functional conservation. Subcellular localization and the response of yeast mutants to specific agents point to the involvement of ORMDL in protein folding in the ER.

Tags: endoplasmic-reticulum, gene-family, nih, ormdl-proteins
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A note on clinical presentations of amebic liver abscess: an overview from 62 Thai patients

Background
          Amebic liver abscess is a tropical disease with a wide spectrum of clinical presentations. Given the often nonspecific nature of the complaints related to amebic abscess, a retrospective review of patients with confirmed disease to recognize the most common patterns of presentation is useful. Here, we study the clinical presentations of 62 Thai patients with amebic liver abscess. We also compare the clinical presentations of Anti HIV seronegative and Anti HIV seropositive patients.
        
        
          Methods
          A retrospective case review was carried out for 62 Thai patients who had been diagnosed with amebic liver abscess. Clinical information was collected, including symptoms and signs, location and number of abscesses. The Anti HIV serology laboratory investigation was also reviewed.
        
        
          Results
          According to our study, the common clinical symptoms and signs are abdominal pain (85.5 %), fever and chills (74.2 %), and abdominal tenderness (69.4 %). The location of the abscess was predominantly in the right lobe (74.2 %), and most of patients had a single abscess (77.4 %). Similar trends in clinical presentations were observed in both Anti HIV seropositive and Anti HIV seronegative subjects.
        
        
          Conclusions
          In conclusion, the clinical presentations of our amebic liver abscess patients were similar to those in previous reports. A similarity to those in the pyogenic liver abscess patients can be observed. Nevertheless, we could not detect important significant differences in the clinical presentations between Anti HIV seropositive and Anti HIV seronegative groups of patients.

Tags: abscess-symptoms, amebic-liver-abscess, hiv-status, nih, thailand
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Mycobacterial and nonbacterial pulmonary complications in hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection: A prospective, cohort study

Background
          A prospective observational study was done to describe nonbacterial pulmonary complications in hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
        
        
          Methods
          The study included 1,225 consecutive hospital admissions of 599 HIV-infected patients treated from April 1995 through March 1998. Data included demographics, risk factors for HIV infection, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, pulmonary complications, CD4+ lymphocyte count, hospital stay and case-fatality rate.
        
        
          Results
          Patient age (mean ± SD) was 38.2 ± 8.9 years, 62% were men, and 84% were African American. The median APACHE II score was 14, and median CD4+ lymphocyte count was 60/μL. Pulmonary complications were Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (85) in 78 patients, Mycobacterium avium complex (51) in 38, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (40) in 35, Mycobacterium gordonae (11) in 11, Mycobacterium kansasii (10) in 9, Cytomegalovirus (10) in 10, Nocardia asteroides (3) in 3, fungus ball (2) in 2, respiratory syncytial virus (1), herpes simplex virus (1), Histoplasma capsulatum (1), lymphoma (3) in 3, bronchogenic carcinoma (2) in 2, and Kaposi sarcoma (1). The case-fatality rate of patients was 11% with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia; 5%, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; 6%, Mycobacterium avium complex; and 7%, noninfectious pulmonary complications.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Most pulmonary complications in hospitalized patients with HIV are from Pneumocystis and mycobacterial infection.

Tags: cd4-lymphocyte-count, hiv-pulmonary-complications, mycobacterium-avium-complex, nih, pneumocystis-carinii-pneumonia
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Model-based analysis of oligonucleotide arrays: model validation, design issues and standard error application

Background
          A model-based analysis of oligonucleotide expression arrays we developed previously uses a probe-sensitivity index to capture the response characteristic of a specific probe pair and calculates model-based expression indexes (MBEI). MBEI has standard error attached to it as a measure of accuracy. Here we investigate the stability of the probe-sensitivity index across different tissue types, the reproducibility of results in replicate experiments, and the use of MBEI in perfect match (PM)-only arrays.
        
        
          Results
          Probe-sensitivity indexes are stable across tissue types. The target gene's presence in many arrays of an array set allows the probe-sensitivity index to be estimated accurately. We extended the model to obtain expression values for PM-only arrays, and found that the 20-probe PM-only model is comparable to the 10-probe PM/MM difference model, in terms of the expression correlations with the original 20-probe PM/MM difference model. MBEI method is able to extend the reliable detection limit of expression to a lower mRNA concentration. The standard errors of MBEI can be used to construct confidence intervals of fold changes, and the lower confidence bound of fold change is a better ranking statistic for filtering genes. We can assign reliability indexes for genes in a specific cluster of interest in hierarchical clustering by resampling clustering trees. A software dChip implementing many of these analysis methods is made available.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The model-based approach reduces the variability of low expression estimates, and provides a natural method of calculating expression values for PM-only arrays. The standard errors attached to expression values can be used to assess the reliability of downstream analysis.

Tags: gene-expression, microarray-analysis, nih, oligonucleotide-arrays, probe-sensitivity
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525047: N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)hexanamide

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)hexanamide. Molecular Formula: C13H18ClNO. Molecular Weight: 239.74. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2008-2010 NSDUH State-Specific Substate Region Estimates and Maps

This report provides State-specific tables and maps showing substate region prevalence estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental disorders based on the 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH).  Results include past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older by 362 substate regions within the 50 States and the District of Columbia. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: major-depressive-episode, mental-health-estimates, samhsa, substance-use-disorder, suicidal-ideation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Pervasive properties of the genomic signature

Background
          The dinucleotide relative abundance profile can be regarded as a genomic signature because, despite diversity between species, it varies little between 50 kilobase or longer windows on a given genome. Both the causes and the functional significance of this phenomenon could be illuminated by determining if it persists on smaller scales. The profile is computed from the base step "odds ratios" that compare dinucleotide frequencies to those expected under the assumption of stochastic equilibrium (thorough shuffling). Analysis is carried out on 22 sequences, representing 19 species and comprised of about 53 million bases all together, to assess stability of the signature in windows ranging in size from 50 kilobases down to 125 bases.
        
        
          Results
          Dinucleotide relative abundance distance from the global signature is computed locally for all non-overlapping windows on each sequence. These distances are log-normally distributed with nearly constant variance and with means that tend to zero slower than reciprocal square root of window size. The mean distance within genomes is larger for protist, plant, and human chromosomes, and smaller for archaea, bacteria, and yeast, for any window size.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The imprint of the global signature is locally pervasive on all scales considered in the sequences (either genomes or chromosomes) that were scanned.

Tags: dinucleotide-abundance, genomic-analysis, genomic-signature, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Texas

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Texas. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse, texas-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Summary of Guidance, Tips and  Recommendations Related to  Surveying the Age 21 Follow-up  Population (Federal Fiscal Year  2021)

This brief summarizes the existing guidance and recommendations related to identifying and surveying youth in the follow-up population at age 21.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: data, fiscal, guidance, instruction, policy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Miami - Dade Div: Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2004-2011 - All Alcohol

Excel file with estimates, rates, relative standard errors, trends and confidence intervals, covering 2004-2011 for emergency department visits involving alcohol in the Dade County division of the Miami metropolitan area.  For adults aged 21 and older, the alcohol was found in combination with other drugs. For patients under the age of 21, the visit may involve alcohol alone or in combination with other drugs.File includes data for over 500 drugs, including illicit drugs, prescription and over-the-counter medications, dietary supplements, inhalants and alcohol.  Includes total visits, gender, age group, race/ethnicity, outcome of visit, drug combinations, number of drugs involved in visit, drug frequency, and drugs confirmed by toxicology.Additional detail is provided for illicit drugs, psychotherapeutic drugs, central nervous system (CNS) drugs, respiratory drugs and cardiovascular drugs.

Tags: alcohol-related-ed-visits, emergency-department-data, miami-dade-county, samhsa, substance-abuse-trends
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
B lymphocytopenia in rheumatoid arthritis is associated with the DRB1 shared epitope and increased acute phase response

The influence of HLA DRB1 alleles on B-cell homeostasis was analyzed in 164 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The percentages of CD19+ B lymphocytes determined in the peripheral circulation of 94 retrospectively recruited RA patients followed a bimodal distribution. Two frequency peaks (B-celllow patients and B-cellhigh patients) were separated by the population median of a B-cell frequency of 8.5% of all lymphocytes. Human leucocyte antigen genotyping revealed that the B-celllow patients were more frequently positive for the RA-associated HLA DRB1 shared epitope (SE) than were B-cellhigh patients. Accordingly, SE-positive patients had lower CD19 percentages in the rank-sum analysis when compared with SE-negative patients, and were markedly B lymphocytopenic when compared with a healthy control group. To confirm the differential frequencies of CD19+ B cells, absolute numbers in peripheral blood were determined prospectively in a cohort of 70 RA patients with recent onset disease. SE-positive patients were found to have lower absolute numbers of circulating CD19+ B cells. B-cell counts below the mean of the study population were associated with higher acute phase response and with increased levels of rheumatoid factor IgA. No correlation between absolute numbers of circulating B cells and radiographic progression of joint destruction was seen. The influence of immunogenetic parameters on B-cell homeostasis in RA reported here has not been described previously. The clinical relevance of B lymphocytopenia in SE-positive RA will be further investigated in longitudinal studies.

Tags: b-lymphocytopenia, hla-drb1, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, shared-epitope
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2015 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Colorado

2015 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Colorado. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: colorado-mental-health, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525539: Methyl 4-(pentyloxy)benzeneacetate

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: methyl 2-(4-pentoxyphenyl)acetate. Molecular Formula: C14H20O3. Molecular Weight: 236.31. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The DAWN Report: Highlights of the 2011 Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) Findings on Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits

This Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) short report summarizes key findings about drug-related emergency department visits between 2004 and 2011. The report includes data for illicit drugs, alcohol, and prescription and over-the counter medications. For medications, the report looks at misuse and abuse, adverse reactions, and accidental ingestion of drugs by children.

Tags: adverse-drug-events, dawn-network, drug-related-ed-visits, samhsa, substance-abuse-trends
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Rheumatoid synovial CD4

CD4+ memory T cells (Tm) from rheumatoid arthritis peripheral blood (RAPB) or peripheral blood from normal donors produced IL-2, whereas fewer cells secreted IFN-γ or IL-4 after a brief stimulation. RAPB Tm contained significantly more IFN-γ producers than normal cells. Many rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial Tm produced IFN-γ alone (40%) and fewer cells produced IL-2 or IL-4. An in vitro model was employed to generate polarized T-helper (Th) effectors. Normal and RAPB Tm differentiated into both IFN-γ- and IL-4-producing effectors. RA synovial fluid (RASF) Tm demonstrated defective responsiveness, exhibiting diminished differentiation of IL-4 effectors, whereas RA synovial tissue (RAST) Tm exhibited defective generation of IFN-γ and IL-4 producers.

Tags: cd4-t-cells, cytokine-production, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, synovial-fluid
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables

These are the 2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: evidence-based-practices, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, state-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 5. First Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and State: Average Annual Incidence Estimates (Expressed as Percentages of the At-Risk Population) Based on 2013 and 2014 NSDUHs

Table 5. First Use of Marijuana, by Age Group and State: Average Annual Incidence Estimates (Expressed as Percentages of the At-Risk Population) Based on 2013 and 2014 NSDUHs

Tags: marijuana-initiation, nsduh-data, samhsa, state-level-data, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Colorado

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Colorado. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-data, colorado-urs, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The equivalence of numbers: The social value of avoiding health decline: An experimental web-based study

Background
          Health economic analysis aimed at informing policy makers and supporting resource allocation decisions has to evaluate not only improvements in health but also avoided decline. Little is known however, whether the "direction" in which changes in health are experienced is important for the public in prioritizing among patients. This experimental study investigates the social value people place on avoiding (further) health decline when directly compared to curative treatments in resource allocation decisions.
        
        
          Methods
          127 individuals completed an interactive survey that was published in the World Wide Web. They were confronted with a standard gamble (SG) and three person trade-off tasks, either comparing improvements in health (PTO-Up), avoided decline (PTO-Down), or both, contrasting health changes of equal magnitude differing in the direction in which they are experienced (PTO-WAD). Finally, a direct priority ranking of various interventions was obtained.
        
        
          Results
          Participants strongly prioritized improving patients' health rather than avoiding decline. The mean substitution rate between health improvements and avoided decline (WAD) ranged between 0.47 and 0.64 dependent on the intervention. Weighting PTO values according to the direction in which changes in health are experienced improved their accuracy in predicting a direct prioritization ranking. Health state utilities obtained by the standard gamble method seem not to reflect social values in resource allocation contexts.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Results suggest that the utility of being cured of a given health state might not be a good approximation for the societal value of avoiding this health state, especially in cases of competition between preventive and curative interventions.

Tags: health-valuation, nih, person-trade-off, resource-allocation, standard-gamble
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Texas

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, outcome-measures, samhsa, texas, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services