AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Data Release for: A Web-Based Tool for Assessing the Condition of Benthic Diatom Assemblages in Streams and Rivers of the Conterminous United States

Benthic diatom assemblages are known to be indicative of water quality but have yet to be widely adopted in biological assessments in the United States due to several limitations. Our goal was to address some of these limitations by developing regional multi-metric indices (MMIs) that are robust to inter-laboratory taxonomic inconsistency, adjusted for natural covariates, and sensitive to a wide range of anthropogenic stressors. We aggregated  bioassessment data from two national-scale federal programs and used a data-driven analysis in which all-possible combinations of 2-7 metrics were compared for three measures of performance. The datasets in this release support the Carlisle, et al. 2022 report cited herein.  The article provides full details of data aggregation, model development, and application.

Tags: algae, biota, diatom, health, river, stream, usgs-61d71ea5d34ed79294004fda
Organization: Department of the Interior
Photosynthetically Active Radiation Measurements Collected at Malheur Lake, OR, 2017-2018

The USGS measured photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, wavelength between 400 and 700 nanometers) at Malheur Lake, Oregon, as vertical profiles and as continuous measurements at a fixed depth, in 2017 and 2018. Malheur Lake is a large, shallow, turbid lake located in southeastern Oregon that fluctuates widely in surface area in response to yearly precipitation and climatic cycles. High suspended-sediment concentrations likely are negatively affecting the survival of aquatic plants. The PAR measurements in this data release were collected to assess PAR attenuation in the lake, and to quantify attenuation as a function of water quality (primarily turbidity). The continuous PAR measurements were collected at 10-minute intervals at fixed locations in the water column in the northeast and southeast sections of the lake. The profile PAR measurements were collected beside the deployed continuous PAR monitors, and the measurements were taken just above and just below the surface of the lake and at semi-regular intervals down to the bottom of the water column.

Tags: environment, inlandwaters, limnology, malheur-lake, oregon, surface-water-quality, usgs-61d60351d34ed79293ffa496
Organization: Department of the Interior
Hydrographic Surveys of the Missouri River at Tobacco chute, 2011-13

An Innerspace 456 single-beam echosounder in conjunction with a Trimble® differential 
Global Positioning Satellite system (DGPS), HYPACK® navigation software, and 
Ashtech Z-Xtreme and Trimble® R8 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) 
receivers was used to survey 7 chutes and 3 backwaters on the Missouri River 
yearly from 2011-13. These chutes and backwaters are located on the Missouri 
River between Newcastle, Nebraska and Rulo, Nebraska in the States of Nebraska, 
Iowa, and Missouri.  Surveys of chutes consisted of topographic and bathymetric 
data collected along transects spaced 30.48 m apart from high bank to high bank.  
Surveys of backwaters consisted of topographic and bathymetric data collected 
along a transect grid of 76.2 m spacing. The data were collected by the U.S. 
Geological Survey in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) 
Omaha District as part of the Missouri River Habitat Assessment and Monitoring 
Program.

Tags: bathymetry, council-chute, deroin-chute, environment, geoscientificinformation, gnss, hydrographic-survey, inlandwaters, iowa, kansas-chute, lower-hamburg-chute, missouri, missouri-river, nebraska, plattsmouth-backwater, plattsmouth-chute, ponca-backwater, single-beam-sonar, terrain, tobacco-chute, topography, upper-hamburg-chute, usgs-61d60093-6c3c-4fb4-ad9c-f46eafdfd285
Organization: Department of the Interior
Pecan Island Terracing (ME-14): 2018 land-water classification

The Louisiana State Legislature created the Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) in order to conserve, restore, create and enhance Louisiana's coastal wetlands. The wetland restoration plans developed pursuant to these acts specifically require an evaluation of the effectiveness of each coastal wetlands restoration project in achieving long-term solutions to arresting coastal wetlands loss. This data set includes mosaicked aerial photographs for the Pecan Island Terracing (ME-14) project for 2018. This data is used as a basemap land-water classification. It also serves as a visual tool for project managers to help them identify any obvious problems or land loss within their project boundary. To better evaluate the effectiveness of restoration efforts, a land-water classification is performed on specific CWPPRA sites to help assess landscape changes.

Tags: aerial-photography, conservation, cwppra, digital-elevation-models, ecosystem-monitoring, geographic-information-systems, gulf-of-mexico, image-collections, image-mosaics, louisiana, louisiana-coastal, me-14, remote-sensing, usgs-61d5dbf9d34ed79293ffa3e7, wetland-ecosystems, wetland-restoration
Organization: Department of the Interior
Bridge-Site Study Data for Selected Highway Crossings in Mississippi, 2021

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) works closely with the Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) to provide information to be used by the MDOT for design of highway-drainage structures. MDOT spends millions of dollars annually for highway construction.
Streamflow records, hydrologic analyses of basins, and hydraulic analyses of flooding potential at proposed highway crossings help the MDOT to make more informed decisions on the use of highway construction funding. Flood-frequency and hydraulic characteristics at highway crossings are determined from historical flood-elevation data recovered by the USGS, cross-section data, and correlations with data from nearby gaging stations. Additional streamflow data are collected for ungaged sites when substantial flooding occurs in an area of interest to MDOT. This information not only provides the basis for the design of highways and drainage structures, but also is used by local agencies and the public as a guide in flood-plain management. Data for eleven sites in Mississippi that were studied during the State fiscal year 2021 (July 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021) are provided in this data release. The geospatial dataset includes one point feature class shapefile with associated FGDC-compliant metadata representing selected basin characteristics and estimates of eight flood-frequency peak streamflows with corresponding stages, or water-surface elevations for eleven sites in Mississippi. Flood-frequency streamflows were determined using methods described by Anderson (2018). Water-surface elevations were determined using methods described by Rantz (1982a, 1982b). Also included are input files of the step-backwater model described by Shearman (1990).
Anderson, B.T., 2018, Flood frequency of rural streams in Mississippi, 2013: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2018–5148, 12 p., [Also available at https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20185148].
Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982a, Measurement and Computation of Streamflow--vol.1, Measurement of Stage and Discharge: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, p.  1-284, [Also available at https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2175].
Rantz, S.E., and others, 1982b, Measurement and Computation of Streamflow--vol.2, Computation of Discharge: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper 2175, p. 285-631, [Also available at: https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp2175].
Shearman, J.O., 1990, User’s manual for WSPRO—A computer model for water-surface profile computations: U.S. Department of Transportation Publication No. FHWA–IP–89–027, Hydraulic Computer Programs HY–7, 177 p. [Also available at: https://water.usgs.gov/software/WSPRO/].

Tags: elevation, geoscientificinformation, harrison-county, hinds-county, holmes-county, inlandwaters, location, madison-county, mississippi, monroe-county, oceans, pontotoc-county, rankin-county, transportation, usgs-61d5c8bdd34ed79293ffa3a1, yazoo-county
Organization: Department of the Interior
Daily streamflow performance benchmark defined by D-score (v0.1) for the National Water Model (v2.1) at benchmark streamflow locations

This data release contains the D-score (version 0.1) daily streamflow performance benchmark results for the National Water Model (NWM) Retrospective version 2.1 computed at streamgage benchmark locations (version 1) as defined by Foks and others (2022). Model error was determined by evaluating predicted daily mean streamflow (aggregated from an hourly timestep) versus observed daily mean streamflow. Using those errors, the D-score performance benchmark computes the mean squared logarithmic error (MSLE), then decomposes the overall MSLE into orthogonal components such as bias, distribution, and sequence (Hodson and others, 2021). For easier interpretation, the MSLE components can be passed through a scoring function as described in Hodson and others (2021).
References:
Foks, S.S., Towler, E., Hodson, T.O., Bock, A.R., Dickinson, J.E., Dugger, A.L., Dunne, K.A., Essaid, H.I., Miles, K.A., Over, T.M., Penn, C.A., Russell, A.M., Saxe, S.W., and Simeone, C.E., 2022, Streamflow benchmark locations for conterminous United States (cobalt gages): U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P972P42Z.
Hodson, T.O., Over, T.M., and Foks, S.S., 2021. Mean squared error, deconstructed. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 13, e2021MS002681. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021MS002681.

Tags: farming, mean-squared-error, model-evaluation, streamflow-prediction, usgs-61d4c9e9d34ed79293fe91b4
Organization: Department of the Interior
Thickness of the Chicot aquifer system of southwestern Louisiana's surficial confining unit and shallow sand lenses

The Chicot aquifer system is a vital water resource for Southwestern Louisiana, providing nearly half of the fresh groundwater the region consumes (Sargent, 2011). The aquifer’s surficial confining unit (scu) consists of a wedge-shaped thickening sequence of south to southeastern dipping, interbedded clays and courser material (primarily sand and gravel). In collaboration with the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development (LDOTD), Sargent and others (2004) extracted data from driller’s logs, geophysical logs, and well construction information for 2094 wells overlying the Chicot aquifer to enhance the delineation of the thickness and occurrence of the aquifer’s surficial confining unit. These data were applied here to create tabular data and a shapefile of discrete points that contain thickness data of the confining unit and tops and bottoms of sand and clay layers within the confining unit. A better understanding of the thickness and extent of the Chicot aquifer’s surficial confining unit will provide a framework for future aquifer characterization and will enhance the understanding of groundwater accessibility and availability for the southeast region.
1. Sargent, B.P., Frederick, C.P., Roberts, F.C., 2004, Thickness data for the Chicot aquifer system surficial confining unit: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Water Resources Basic Records Report no. 22, 91 p.
2. Sargent, B.P., 2011, Water use in Louisiana, 2010: Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development Water Resources Special Report no. 17, 135 p.

Tags: acadia-parish, allen-parish, aquifer, beauregard-parish, calcasieu-parish, cameron-parish, chicot-aquifer-system, evangeline-parish, groundwater, hydrology, iberia-parish, jefferson-davis-parish, lafayette-parish, louisiana, rapides-parish, st-landry-parish, st-martin-parish, st-mary-parish, usgs-61d4b687d34ed79293fe9110, vermilion-parish, vernon-parish
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chemical and isotopic composition of gas, water, and solids from the 2019-2020 water lake in Halema’uma’u Crater, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii: Chemical composition of solids filtered from water samples

Samples of the crater lake water were filtered in the field with a 0.45 micron filter. Subsequently, additional precipitates formed in the solute-rich samples (secondary precipitates). The solids that accumulated on the filters (both secondary and original precipitate) were digested by heating overnight in a sealed Teflon vial with 300 µL concentrated HCl, 100 µL concentrated HNO3, and 500 µL concentrated HF. Following digestion, samples were dried down, then re-dissolved in 300 µL concentrated HNO3 and diluted with MilliQ water. The liquid from the digested samples were analyzed for element concentrations by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) using a ThermoFisher ICAP 6500 Duo at the U.S. Geological Survey laboratories in Menlo Park, California.

Tags: elemental-analysis, geoscientificinformation, hawaii, kilauea, sulfur-isotopes, usgs-61d371b4d34ed79293fe6e31
Organization: Department of the Interior
Spatial Database of Known and Potential Ciénegas in the Greater Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion

This dataset provides location information and some limited attributes of known and potential ciénegas in the Madrean Archipelago ecoregion and closely surrounding area. This was created using point data and information provided by Dean Hendrickson and Thomas Minckley, combined with potential locations derived from analysis of classified raster land cover images and other specialized datasets. Ciénegas, as defined here, are wetlands in arid and semi-arid regions associated with groundwater or lotic components that ideally result in perennial waters on temporal scales of decades to centuries. Ciénegas are typically located at elevations ranging from 0 to 2000m. Ciénegas are typified by significant differences in flora and fauna relative to the greater terrestrial conditions in the region in which they are located. Ciénegas are freshwater to brackish North American wetlands associated with fluvial systems of arid/semi-arid areas of the southwestern U.S. and northwestern Mexico. Once extensively utilized by the region's indigenous human cultures, as well as early European explorers and settlers, the extent of these aquatic riparian communities has dramatically decreased from historic conditions. These communities are now considered imperiled in North America.

Tags: arid-lands, arizona, cienaga, cienega, freshwater-marsh, inlandwaters, madrean-archipelago-ecoregion, new-mexico, sonora, springs, usgs-61d356ffd34ed79293fe6db0, wetland-ecosystems
Organization: Department of the Interior
Selected Chemical and Physical Properties and Inorganic Constituents and Time-Series Nitrate in Samples from selected wells and/or springs, Petaluma Valley watershed, Sonoma County, California, 1959-2015

This data release contains appendix C1 and appendix C2 for the USGS Scientific Investigations Report (SIR) titled Hydrologic and Geochemical Characterization of the Petaluma River Watershed, Sonoma County, California. Appendix C1 contains selected chemical and physical properties and inorganic constituents in samples from selected springs, and wells, Petaluma Valley watershed, Sonoma County, California, 1959-2015. Samples are presented from 66 groundwater wells, 3 springs, and 2 surface-water sites. Data samples were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), California Department of Water Resources (CDWR), California Department of Health Services (CDPH), and the City of Petaluma as part of the study.

Tags: oceans, petaluma, petaluma-river, usgs-61d3496ad34ed79293fe6d6d, water-quality
Organization: Department of the Interior
Changes in wildfire occurrence and risk to homes from 1990 through 2019 in the Southern Rocky Mountains, USA

Wildfires and housing development have increased since the 1990s, presenting unique challenges for fire management. However, it is unclear how the relative influences of housing growth and changing wildfire occurrence have contributed to risk to homes.  We fit a random forest using weather, land cover, topography, and past fire history to predict burn probabilities and uncertainty intervals.  Then, we estimated risk at 1-km resolution and monthly intervals from 1990 through 2019 by combining predicted burn probabilities with housing density across the Southern Rocky Mountains.  We used 3 scenarios to evaluate how housing growth and changes in burn probability influenced risk individually and combined (observed, 1990 housing, and 1990 weather).  This data release includes python scripts used for all processing steps and a readme file describing where to acquire original datasets used by the random forest model, instructions for running the python scripts, and descriptions of outputs.  Preprocessed model inputs were too large to share.  However, raster layers are included for modeled burn probability and risk for the 3 scenarios.

Tags: colorado, habitat-alteration-and-disturbance, habitat-fragmentation, human-impacts, land-use-and-land-cover, new-mexico, southern-rocky-mountains, united-states, usgs-61d34321d34ed79293fe6d4c, utah, wildland-fire, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
Concentrations of pesticides in silicone bands as passive samplers and sediment in Pinnacles National Park and Bureau of Land Management lands in San Benito county, California, 2019-2021

To better understand the potential pesticide exposure, samples were collected from locations along two creeks in Pinnacles National Park and four creeks in nearby Bureau of Land Management (BLM) lands. Silicone bands were used as passive sampling devices (PSD) staked in the creek and above in the air (above the water line). Sampling was conducted in the summer from 2019 to 2021. PSDs were deployed for 2 to 4 weeks and sediment was collected once in 2020. PSDs were extracted via sonication with an organic solvent and sediment was extracted via pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. Samples were analyzed for 168 pesticides and degradates using both gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 22 pesticides and degradates were detected in the PSDs and 8 pesticides and degradates were detected in the sediment.  These results can help determine which pesticides are detected in sensitive habitats in Department of Interior lands in San Benito county.

Tags: arroyo-leona, bear-creek, biota, california, chalone-creek, clear-creek, degradates, gas-chromatography, laguna-creek, liquid-chromatography, mass-spectrometry, passive-sampling-device, pesticides, pinnacles-national-park, silicone-bands, surface-water, usgs-61e06aa8d34e8911d9fe9dc3, white-creek
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chesapeake Bay Region Virginia River Bluff and Wetland Extent Mapping

The Chesapeake Bay Estuary is the largest estuary in the United States and provides habitats for diverse wildlife and aquatic species, protects communities against flooding, reduces pollution to waterways, and supports local economies through commercial and recreational activities.  In the Spring of 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Coastal National Elevation Database (CoNED) Applications Project at the USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Center for Coastal Resources Management (CCRM) initiated collaborative work.  The goal of this collaboration is to evaluate how various remote sensing technologies can be employed to model estuarine riverbank topography and measure volumetric change in riverbanks for downstream sediment transport modeling for Chesapeake Bay.  Additional science interests for this USGS CoNED and VIMS CCRM collaboration include understanding the spatial extent and variation within tidal wetland boundaries, comparing microtopographic changes of protected/stabilized living shorelines versus natural shorelines, and examining riverine and estuarine land/water interface transitions between topography and bathymetry.  The remote sensing technologies investigated in this collaboration include airborne lidar, ground based lidar (GBL), Structure from Motion (SfM) processing of high-resolution imagery, and Satellite Derived Bathymetry (SDB) produced from Landsat 8/9, Sentinel-2, and/or WorldView imagery.  Long-term field study sites have been established by VIMS CCRM along the James, Severn, and York Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay Region, with the goal of returning to the sites biannually.
The following child pages describe and contain the field data collected during these biannual efforts.

Tags: bathymetry, captain-sinclairs-recreational-area, carters-grove, chesapeake-bay, chippokes-plantation-state-park, coastal-national-elevation-database-applications-project, coned, earth-resources-observation-and-science-center, elevation, eros, gbl, global-navigation-satellite-system, gloucester-point, glouster-county, gnss, ground-based-lidar, james-city-county, james-river, king-and-queen-county, lands-end, lidar, light-detection-and-ranging, mobjack-bay, mount-folly, river-bluffs, satellite-derived-bathymetry, sdb, severn-river, sfm, state-of-virginia, structure-from-motion, surry-county, terrestrial-laser-scanning, tls, topography, total-station, uas, uav, usgs-61d6f198d34ed79294004f5d, vims-ccrm, virginia-institute-of-marine-science, virginia-institute-of-marine-science-center-for-coastal-resources-management, wetlands, york-county, york-river, york-river-state-park
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data release for Wind turbine wakes can impact down-wind vegetation greenness

Global wind energy has expanded 5-fold since 2010 and is predicted to expand another 8–10-fold over the next 30 years. Wakes generated by wind turbines can alter downwind microclimates and potentially downwind vegetation. However, the design of past studies has made it difficult to isolate the impact of wake effects on vegetation from land cover change. We used hourly wind data to model wake and non-wake zones around 17 wind facilities across the U.S. and compared remotely-sensed vegetation greenness in wake and non-wake zones before and after construction. We located sampling sites only in the dominant vegetation type and in areas that were not disturbed before or after construction. We found evidence for wake effects on vegetation greenness at 10 of 17 facilities for portions of, or the entire growing season. Evidence included statistical significance in Before After Control Impact statistical models, differences &gt;3% between expected and observed values of vegetation greenness, and consistent spatial patterns of anomalies in vegetation greenness relative to turbine locations and wind direction. Wakes induced both increases and decreases in vegetation greenness, which may be difficult to predict prior to construction. The magnitude of wake effects depended primarily on precipitation and to a lesser degree aridity. Wake effects did not show trends over time following construction, suggesting the changes impact vegetation greenness within a growing season, but do not accrue over years. Even small changes in vegetation greenness, similar to those found in this study, have been seen to affect higher trophic levels. Given the rapid global growth of wind energy, and the importance of vegetation condition for agriculture, grazing, wildlife, and carbon storage, understanding how wakes from wind turbines impact vegetation is essential to exploit or ameliorate these effects.

Tags: land-cover-change, ndvi, usgs-61d34259d34ed79293fe6d46, vegetation-condition, wind-wakes
Organization: Department of the Interior