AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Shock Incarceration in Louisiana, 1987-1989

These data describe the results of one component of an
evaluation of the "shock incarceration" program in the Louisiana
Department of Public Safety and Corrections (LDPSC). This program,
formally called IMPACT (Intensive Motivational Program of Alternative
Correctional Treatment), began in 1987 and consisted of two phases. In
the first phase offenders spent 90 to 180 days in a medium security
prison participating in a rigorous boot camp-type program. Offenders
who successfully completed the program were released from prison and
placed under intensive supervision in the community--the second phase
of the program. Changes in offender behavior and attitudes during the
prison and community supervision phases of the shock program were
examined in a quasi-experimental design to determine the impact of the
program on the individual offenders. Comparisons were made with
similar offenders who were not in the shock program who had been
sentenced to prison and parole/probation. Shock and nonshock
incarcerated offenders were asked to complete self-report
questionnaires. Information was also collected from LDPSC records and
from monthly parole performance evaluations completed by parole and
probation officers. Information collected from LDPSC records included
demographics, sentence characteristics, release date, offense,
criminal history, I.Q. (Beta II) and MMPI scores, and diagnostic
personnel evaluations of mental health, substance abuse, general
attitude, adjustment, and violence potential. Part 1 of the collection
consists of inmate data collected from the incarcerated
shock program participants (N = 208) and the incarcerated nonshock
offenders (N = 98, with partial records for an additional 46).
Information includes police record data, clinical diagnostic data,
offender's self-reported demographic data, scales for self-reported
attitudes and personality measures, and offender's self-reported
criminal and substance abuse history. Part 2 contains demographic data
collected for all samples, including police record data and clinical
diagnostic data. Part 3 consists of parole and probation data for all
inmates. Offenders were followed for 12 months after leaving prison or
until they failed community supervision (by absconding, being jailed
for a lengthy period of time, or having their parole/probation
revoked). Consequently, there is monthly data for between 1 to 12
months for each offender. Information includes items relating to
parolees' performance at work and school, personal adjustment,
employment, substance abuse counseling, interpersonal relations,
compliance with intensive supervision program requirements, and
contacts with the criminal justice system.

Tags: correctional-facilities, imprisonment, offender-profiles, offenders, outcome-evaluation, parole, probation, program-evaluation, shock-incarceration-programs
Organization: Department of Justice
Reporting of Drug-Related Crimes:  Resident and Police Perspectives in the United States, 1988-1990

This data collection investigates the ways in which police
use reports of drug-related crimes provided by residents of high
drug/crime areas and how willing residents of these areas are to
report such crimes to the police. Structured interviews were
conducted by telephone with police representatives in most of the
nation's 50 largest cities and in person with residents and police
officers in high drug/crime districts in each of four major cities:
Newark, Chicago, El Paso, and Philadelphia. Police department
representatives were queried about the usefulness of citizen reports,
reasons for citizens' reluctance to make reports, how the rate of
citizen reports could be improved, and how citizen reports worked with
other community crime prevention strategies. Residents were asked
about their tenure in the neighborhood, attitudes toward the quality
of life in the neighborhood, major social problems facing the
neighborhood, and quality of city services such as police and fire
protection, garbage collection, and public health services. Additional
questions were asked about the amount of crime in the neighborhood,
the amount of drug use and drug-related crime, and the fear of
crime. Basic demographic information such as sex, race, and language
in which the interview was conducted is also provided.

Tags: citizen-crime-reporting, community-involvement, crime-prevention, crime-reporting, drug-related-crimes, fear-of-crime, fire-protection, municipal-services, neighborhood-conditions, neighborhoods, police-officers, police-protection
Organization: Department of Justice
Characteristics of High and Low Crime Neighborhoods in Atlanta, 1980

This study examines the question of how some urban
neighborhoods maintain a low crime rate despite their proximity and
similarity to relatively high crime areas. The purpose of the study is
to investigate differences in various dimensions of the concept of
territoriality (spatial identity, local ties, social cohesion,
informal social control) and physical characteristics (land use,
housing, street type, boundary characteristics) in three pairs of
neighborhoods in Atlanta, Georgia. The study neighborhoods were
selected by locating pairs of adjacent neighborhoods with distinctly
different crime levels. The criteria for selection, other than the
difference in crime rates and physical adjacency, were comparable
racial composition and comparable economic status. This data
collection is divided into two files. Part 1, Atlanta Plan File,
contains information on every parcel of land within the six
neighborhoods in the study. The variables include ownership, type of
land use, physical characteristics, characteristics of structures, and
assessed value of each parcel of land within the six
neighborhoods. This file was used in the data analysis to measure a
number of physical characteristics of parcels and blocks in the study
neighborhoods, and as the sampling frame for the household survey. The
original data were collected by the City of Atlanta Planning Bureau.
Part 2, Atlanta Survey File, contains the results of a household
survey administered to a stratified random sample of households within
each of the study neighborhoods. Variables cover respondents'
attitudes and behavior related to the neighborhood, fear of crime,
avoidance and protective measures, and victimization
experiences. Crime rates, land use, and housing characteristics of the
block in which the respondent resided were coded onto each case
record.

Tags: cities, communities, crime, crime-rates, criminal-justice-system, delinquent-behavior, fear-of-crime, household-composition, housing, neighborhood-characteristics, neighborhood-conditions, neighborhoods, police-protection, police-response, race-relations
Organization: Department of Justice
Stress Training for Probation Officers and Their Families in Harris County, Texas, 2001

This study was a quasi-experimental design that utilized a
 multidimensional approach toward the design of an education-based
 stress intervention program for probation officers and a significant
 other. The study participants were recruited using a convenience
 sample from the Harris County Community Supervision and Corrections
 Department based in Houston, Texas in June of 2001. Officers and their
 significant others were exposed to a series of interventions related
 to various aspects of stress including: stress education,
 organizational sources of stress, individual response to stress, and
 how to communicate about stress in the home. The program consisted of
 four course modules and three assessments, including: a pretest, a
 post-test (administered one month after intervention), and a six-month
 follow-up. The assessments consisted of the Maslach Burnout Inventory
 (MBI) and the knowledge of stress inventory, which were completed by
 31 officers. Demographic variables include age, gender, and ethnicity,
 years of experience, position within the organization, responses to
 the burnout inventory, and responses and scores for the knowledge of
stress inventory.

Tags: coping, job-performance, job-stress, mental-health, psychological-wellbeing, work-attitudes
Organization: Department of Justice
Role of Law Enforcement in Public School Safety in the United States, 2002

The purpose of this research was to develop an accurate description of the current involvement of law enforcement in schools.  The researchers administered a school survey (Part 1) as well as a law enforcement survey (Part 2 and Part 3). The school survey was designed specifically for this research, but did incorporate items from previous surveys, particularly the School Survey on Crime and Safety and the National Assessment of School Resource Officer Programs Survey of School Principals. The school surveys were then sent out to a total of 3,156 school principals between January 2002 and May 2002. The researchers followed Dillman's mail survey design and received a total of 1,387 completed surveys. Surveys sent to the schools requested that each school identify their primary and secondary law enforcement providers. Surveys were then sent to those identified primary law enforcement agencies (Part 2) and secondary law enforcement agencies (Part 3) in August 2002. Part 2 and Part 3 each contain 3,156 cases which matches the original sample size of schools. For Part 2 and Part 3, a total of 1,508 law enforcement surveys were sent to both primary and secondary law enforcement agencies. The researchers received 1,060 completed surveys from the primary law enforcement agencies (Part 2) and 86 completed surveys from the secondary law enforcement agencies (Part 3). Part 1, School Survey Data, included a total of 309 variables pertaining to school characteristics, type of law enforcement relied on by the schools, school resource officers, frequency of public law enforcement activities, teaching activities of law enforcement officers, frequency of private security activities, safety plans and meetings with law enforcement, and crime/disorder in schools. Part 2, Primarily Relied Upon Law Enforcement Agency Survey Data, and Part 3, Secondarily Relied Upon Law Enforcement Agency Survey Data, each contain 161 variables relating to school resource officers, frequency of public law enforcement activities, teaching activities of law enforcement agencies, safety plans and meetings with schools, and crime/disorder in schools reported to police according to primary/secondary law enforcement.

Tags: crime-in-schools, educational-environment, law-enforcement, law-enforcement-agencies, police, public-schools, school-security, school-violence, schools, security
Organization: Department of Justice
Impact of State Sentencing Policies on Incarceration Rates in the United States, 1975-2002

In order to assess the impacts of state-level sentencing
and corrections policies in the United States implemented between 1975
and 2002 on state incarceration rates during that same time period,
researchers conducted a two-phase study between November 2002 and
March 2004. The first phase of the research involved building a
framework for understanding the types of state-level sentencing and
corrections policies in use between 1975 and 2002. Phase two of the
project consisted of state-level data collection for all 50 states for
all study years, 1975 to 2002. The researchers produced a dataset
containing outcome variables that focus on the change and growth in
state incarceration rates, non-policy control variables that were
found in previous studies to be associated with changes in
incarceration rates, and policy variables regarding sentencing
structure, drug policy, time served requirements, habitual offender
laws (HOL), and mandatory sentences.

Tags: corrections, criminal-justice-policy, drug-law-offenses, imprisonment, mandatory-sentences, offenders, postrelease-programs, recidivism, recidivists, sentencing, sentencing-guidelines, sentencing-reforms
Organization: Department of Justice
Offender Characteristics, Offense Mix, and Escalation in Domestic Violence in Colorado Springs, Colorado, Miami-Dade, Florida, Omaha, Nebraska, Charlotte, North Carolina, and Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1987-1989

Using data from five Spouse Assault Replication Program
(SARP) sites, this study examined the extent to which domestic
violence offenders exhibit a specialized proclivity toward violence
and the extent to which attack severity escalates, de-escalates, or
stays about the same over time. The specialization question was
examined using official arrest records from the Charlotte, North
Carolina, Colorado Springs, Colorado, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, and Omaha,
Nebraska sites. Escalation was examined using victim interview data
from the Charlotte, Milwaukee, Omaha, and Miami-Dada, Florida
sites. This collection consists of 18 SAS setup files used to recode
the variables from the original datasets, organized in five groups, by
city of each data collection site. This collection does not contain
the original data files, themselves.

Tags: arrests, battered-women, criminal-histories, deterrence, domestic-assault, domestic-violence, intervention-strategies, offender-profiles, offenders, offenses, police-records, police-response, recidivism, spouse-abuse, victims
Organization: Department of Justice
Bruising as a Forensic Marker of Physical Elder Abuse in Orange County, California, 2006-2008

The purpose of the study was to describe bruising as a marker of physical elder abuse. Consenting older adults were examined to document location and size of bruises and assess whether they were inflicted during physical abuse. An expert panel confirmed physical abuse. A research nurse conducted study assessments on 67 adults aged 65 and older reported to Adult Protective Services for suspected physical elder abuse in Orange County, California between July 2006 and May 2008. The study contains a total of 142 variables including age, sex, ethnicity, functional status, medical conditions, cognitive status, history of falls, bruise size, bruise location and color, recall of cause, and responses to the Revised Conflicts Tactics Scales (CTS2) and to the Elder Abuse Inventory (EAI).

Tags: abuse, accidents, adult-care-services, assault, cognitive-processes, conflict, elder-abuse, eldercare, evaluation, injuries, medical-evaluation, medical-history, medications, nonfatal-injuries, older-adults, prescription-drugs
Organization: Department of Justice
Developing Self-Regulation, Delinquency Trajectories, and Juvenile Justice Outcomes in Young Women, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 1999-2016

There is much variability in the adult outcomes of youth who have been involved in the Juvenile Justice System (JJS). It is increasingly recognized that disparate outcomes may reflect the extent to which JJS involvement intersects with developmental patterns of delinquency and is attuned to normative adolescent development, such as maturing self-regulation. However, little is known about the ways in which JJS services influence maturing self-regulation, and how change in these processes will impact delinquency trajectories extending through early adulthood. Even less is known about the impact of JJS on developmental trajectories of delinquency and self-regulation in adolescent girls, despite the rapid increase of girls' involvement in the JJS in recent years.
The goal of the current study was to advance knowledge to support effective JJS programs and policies by examining the interface between adolescent self-regulation development, delinquency, and JJS involvement. This project built on the Pittsburgh Girls Study (PGS): a large, longitudinal, racially diverse, urban community sample of females that had been followed annually for 13 years since childhood. New data were collected with support from grant 2013-JF-FX-0058 from a subset of PGS participants at ages 19 and 20 years to capture patterns of delinquency persistence and desistance and to assess outcomes in young adulthood. At the end of the funding period, 88% of the original sample of participants had been interviewed through age 20. In addition, official juvenile justice criminal records were gathered for all 2,450 PGS participants. Analyses were conducted to examine: 1) the impact of JJS involvement on developmental trajectories of delinquency and young adult adjustment; 2) the impact of JJS involvement on self-regulation maturation; 3) the relationship between self-regulation development and change in delinquency and young adult adjustment; and 4) mechanisms during adolescence that explain the link between JJS involvement and delinquency. Results showed JJS involvement predicted concurrent and subsequent changes in self-control during adolescence as well as increased risk for subsequent delinquent behavior, poor educational attainment, employment status, and less satisfaction with life in young adulthood. Moreover, self-control in adolescence partially mediated several of the observed prospective associations between JJS involvement and young adult outcomes. These findings add to a research base that can help policymakers better understand how JJS interventions impact normative developmental processes in ways that influence the course of delinquency. Such information is a critical step in improving outcomes of adolescent girls involved in the JJS through the improvement of interventions promoting self-regulation maturation, accountability, resilience and desistance.

Tags: child-development, delinquent-behavior, juvenile-crime, juvenile-justice, parent-child-relationship, school-age-children
Organization: Department of Justice
Exposure to Violence, Trauma, and Juvenile Court Involvement: A Longitudinal Analysis of Mobile Youth and Poverty Study Data, Mobile, Alabama, 1998-2011

This project consists of secondary analysis material (syntax only, no data). The original study that the material pertains to is an examination of predominantly African American adolescents who live in extreme poverty. The study suggested that exposure to violence is positively related to involvement in the juvenile court system, and partially mediated by psychological factors, particularly hopelessness; thus, practitioners should take care to target more than just traumatic stress as a result of exposure to violence in African American impoverished youth.

Tags: adolescents, child-abuse, child-development, child-health, children, crime, juvenile-courts, juvenile-crime, juvenile-justice, juveniles, poverty, psychological-effects, psychological-wellbeing, social-support, violence
Organization: Department of Justice
Understanding the Role of Trauma and Violence Exposure on Justice-Involved LGBTQA and GNC Youth in Hennepin County, Minnesota, 2018

 The Hennepin County Department of Community Corrections and Rehabilitation Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluations surveyed 150 youth to examine the role of trauma and violence on  justice-involved lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/unsure or asexual (LGBTQA) and gender non-conforming youth (GNC). 
 Youth were surveyed and administrative human services and juvenile justice data were also analyzed.  The correctional staff were surveyed with an organizational self-assessment on employee perceptions of trauma-informed practices and policies. A subset of youth (N = 60) were interviewed using the Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire Revised Version 2 (JVQ-R2) and the Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) tool to assess trauma and victimization. 
This survey also collected demographic information as well as the participants' history of harassment, bullying, suspension, expulsion, housing arrangements, and foster care involvement. 

Tags: assault-and-battery, child-abuse, child-welfare, criminal-justice-system, gays-and-lesbians, health-services-utilization, juvenile-justice, mental-health-services, parent-child-relationship, policies-and-procedures, post-traumatic-stress-disorder, program
Organization: Department of Justice
A Longitudinal Investigation of Trauma Exposure, Retraumatization, and Post-Traumatic Stress of Justice-Involved Adolescents [Maricopa County, AZ and Philadelphia County, PA], 2000-2010

This study examined the evolution of exposure to violence and psychological distress among adolescents using a sample of 1,354 male and female youths who completed a baseline assessment and 10 follow-up interviews over a seven-year period as part of the Pathways to Desistence study. Statistical analyses were utilized to identify a taxonomy based on adolescents' patterns of exposure to violence as well as to explore the association between the analytically-identified exposure to violence patterns and various psychological symptoms. Additional models were analyzed to examine changes in exposure to violence over time, changes in psychological distress over time, the contemporaneous, parallel processes of changes in exposure to violence and psychological distress over time, and differences in the evolution of violence exposure and psychological distress across sex and race/ethnicity.

Tags: adolescents, juvenile-justice, juvenile-offenders, post-traumatic-stress-disorder, psychological-evaluation, psychological-wellbeing
Organization: Department of Justice
National Youth Gang Intervention and Suppression Survey, 1980-1987

This survey was conducted by the National Youth Gang
 Intervention and Suppression Program. The primary goals of the program
 were to assess the national scope of the gang crime problem, to
 identify promising programs and approaches for dealing with the
 problem, to develop prototypes from the information gained about the
 most promising programs, and to provide technical assistance for the
 development of gang intervention and suppression programs nationwide.
 The survey was designed to encompass every agency in the country that
 was engaged in or had recently engaged in organized responses specifically
 intended to deal with gang crime problems. Cities were screened with
 selection criteria including the presence and recognition of a youth
 gang problem and the presence of a youth gang program as an organized
 response to the problem. Respondents were classified into several major
 categories and subcategories: law enforcement (mainly police,
 prosecutors, judges, probation, corrections, and parole), schools
 (subdivided into security and academic personnel), community, county,
 or state planners, other, and community/service (subdivided into youth
 service, youth and family service/treatment, comprehensive crisis
 intervention, and grassroots groups). These data include variables
 coded from respondents' definitions of the gang, gang member, and gang
 incident. Also included are respondents' historical accounts of the
 gang problems in their areas. Information on the size and scope of the
gang problem and response was also solicited.

Tags: communities, crime, gang-violence, gangs, intervention, intervention-strategies, juvenile-gangs, law-enforcement, schools
Organization: Department of Justice
Study of Tribal and Alaska Native Juvenile Justice Systems in The United States, 1990

This data collection focuses on juvenile justice systems
administered by federally recognized Indian tribes throughout the
United States. Responses were received from 93 tribes who indicated
that they administered some form of juvenile justice system and from 57
tribes who indicated that they did not. Variables in the data
collection include number of Indian juveniles aged 10-17 in the
jurisdiction, types of cases that the juvenile justice system exercised
jurisdiction over, type of court (tribal, state, federal), annual
budget and sources of funds for the court, number of court personnel,
types of legal statutes covering court activities, kinds of
diversionary options available to the court, and the circumstances
under which juveniles were held with adults. A separate file on
juvenile offense rates according to tribe is provided.

Tags: alaskan-natives, courts, criminal-justice-system, juvenile-justice, juvenile-offenders, native-americans
Organization: Department of Justice