AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
INTEX-A Model data

Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment - North America Phase A (INTEX-A) is an integrated atmospheric field experiment performed over North America. The study seeks to understand the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols on transcontinental/intercontinental scales and their impact on air quality and climate. A particular focus in this study is to quantify and characterize the inflow and outflow of pollution over North America. The main constituents of interest are ozone and precursors, aerosols and precursors, and the long-lived greenhouse gases. INTEX-NA is part of a larger international ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation) initiative. INTEX-NA goals are greatly facilitated and enhanced by a number of concurrent and coordinated national and international field campaigns and satellite observations. Synthesis of the ensemble of observation from surface, airborne, and space platforms, with the help of a hierarchy of models is an important goal of INTEX-NA.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-24 Landsat TM and ETM+ Land Cover, Southern Para, Brazil: 1984-2003

This data set is a five-class land cover for Southern Para for the years 1984 (Landsat MSS), 1988 (Landsat TM), 1996, and 2003 (Landsat ETM+). The final classification shows five classes derived using visual comparison (Water, Clouds/Shadow, Forest, Not Forest, Background). These data were used in 2007 to illustrate the nature of deforestation in Southern Para, Brazil over the past twenty years (Simmons et al. 2007). There are four annual GeoTIFF files distributed with this data set. Each GeoTIFF file and accompanying *.tfw file have been compressed into a single *.zip file.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-classes, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-social-behavior-human-dimensions
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
INTEX-A Proteus Aircraft data

Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment - North America Phase A (INTEX-A) is an integrated atmospheric field experiment performed over North America. The study seeks to understand the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols on transcontinental/intercontinental scales and their impact on air quality and climate. A particular focus in this study is to quantify and characterize the inflow and outflow of pollution over North America. The main constituents of interest are ozone and precursors, aerosols and precursors, and the long-lived greenhouse gases. INTEX-NA is part of a larger international ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation) initiative. INTEX-NA goals are greatly facilitated and enhanced by a number of concurrent and coordinated national and international field campaigns and satellite observations. Synthesis of the ensemble of observation from surface, airborne, and space platforms, with the help of a hierarchy of models is an important goal of INTEX-NA.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-24 Historical Roads of the Legal Amazon: 1968-1993

Understanding the impact of road investments on deforestation is part of a complete evaluation of the expansion of infrastructure for development.We find evidence of spatial spillovers from roads in the Brazilian Amazon: deforestation rises in the census tracts that lack roads but are in the same county as and within 100 km of a tract with a new paved or unpaved road. At greater distances from the new roads the evidence is mixed, including negative coefficients of inconsistent significance between 100 and 300km, and if anything, higher neighbor deforestation at distances over 300 km.

Tags: earth-science-habitat-conversion-fragmentation-human-dimensions-deforestation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-22 Land Cover from MODIS Vegetation Indices, Mato Grosso, Brazil

This data set, LBA-ECO LC-22 Land Cover from MODIS Vegetation Indices, Mato Grosso, Brazil, provides land cover classifications for Mato Grosso, Brazil, for the years 2000-2001 and 2003-2004. The classifications were derived from annual vegetation phenology information from a time series of Collection 4, 16-day MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) vegetation data, at 250-m resolution. A decision tree classifier was trained using field observations and Landsat TM data of land cover from 2003-2004 to identify seven land-cover classes. The classifier was applied to the 2000-2001 and 2003-2004 MODIS ENVI and EVI data. There are two GeoTIFF (.tif) files with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
INTEX-A AIRMAP data

Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment - North America Phase A (INTEX-A) is an integrated atmospheric field experiment performed over North America. The study seeks to understand the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols on transcontinental/intercontinental scales and their impact on air quality and climate. A particular focus in this study is to quantify and characterize the inflow and outflow of pollution over North America. The main constituents of interest are ozone and precursors, aerosols and precursors, and the long-lived greenhouse gases. INTEX-NA is part of a larger international ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation) initiative. INTEX-NA goals are greatly facilitated and enhanced by a number of concurrent and coordinated national and international field campaigns and satellite observations. Synthesis of the ensemble of observation from surface, airborne, and space platforms, with the help of a hierarchy of models is an important goal of INTEX-NA.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-22 Vegetation Cover Types from MODIS, 500-m, South America: 2000-2001

This data set contains proportional estimates for the vegetative cover types of tree cover, herbaceous vegetation, and bare ground over South America for the period 2000-2001. These products were derived from all seven bands of the Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor onboard NASA's Terra satellite. A set of 500-m MOD09A1 Surface Reflectance 8-day minimum blue reflectance composites were used as input data. To reduce the presence of cloud shadows, The data were converted to 40-day composites using a second darkest albedo (sum of blue, green, and red bands), and the Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) algorithmn was utilized (Hansen et al., 2002). The VCF shows how much of a land cover such as forest or grassland exists anywhere on the land surface. The VCF product may depict areas of heterogeneous land cover better than traditional discrete classification schemes which shows where land cover types are concentrated. There are three images provided in GeoTIFF format.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
INTEX-A Satellite data

Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment - North America Phase A (INTEX-A) is an integrated atmospheric field experiment performed over North America. The study seeks to understand the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols on transcontinental/intercontinental scales and their impact on air quality and climate. A particular focus in this study is to quantify and characterize the inflow and outflow of pollution over North America. The main constituents of interest are ozone and precursors, aerosols and precursors, and the long-lived greenhouse gases. INTEX-NA is part of a larger international ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation) initiative. INTEX-NA goals are greatly facilitated and enhanced by a number of concurrent and coordinated national and international field campaigns and satellite observations. Synthesis of the ensemble of observation from surface, airborne, and space platforms, with the help of a hierarchy of models is an important goal of INTEX-NA.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-21 Brazilian Amazon Fractional Land Cover Images: 1999-2002

This data set provides Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) imagery, derived classified land cover products, and cloud-water masks for selected Brazilian states (Acre, Amapa, Amazonas, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Para, Rondonia, and Roraima) for the years 1999-2002. The Landsat ETM+ images were processed to derive fractional land cover types (photosynthetic vegetation [PV], non-photosynthetic vegetation [NPV], and bare substrate) by application of the Carnegie Landsat Analysis System (CLAS) methodology (Asner et al., 2005). CLAS utilizes a quantitative determination of fractional land cover at the subpixel scale (e.g., within each Landsat 30 x 30 m pixel). The resulting images display estimates of subpixel land cover fraction values including free of clouds, cloud shadows, and water. There are 584 *.zip files in this data set which when expanded, contain a total of 1,717 (*.tif) images files (GeoTiff Standard format).

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-classes
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
INTEX-A Merged DC-8 Aircraft data

Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment - North America Phase A (INTEX-A) is an integrated atmospheric field experiment performed over North America. The study seeks to understand the transport and transformation of gases and aerosols on transcontinental/intercontinental scales and their impact on air quality and climate. A particular focus in this study is to quantify and characterize the inflow and outflow of pollution over North America. The main constituents of interest are ozone and precursors, aerosols and precursors, and the long-lived greenhouse gases. INTEX-NA is part of a larger international ITCT (Intercontinental Transport and Chemical Transformation) initiative. INTEX-NA goals are greatly facilitated and enhanced by a number of concurrent and coordinated national and international field campaigns and satellite observations. Synthesis of the ensemble of observation from surface, airborne, and space platforms, with the help of a hierarchy of models is an important goal of INTEX-NA.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-15 Amazon Basin Aboveground Live Biomass Distribution Map: 1990-2000

The amount and spatial distribution of forest biomass in the Amazon basin is a major source of uncertainty in estimating the flux of carbon released from land-cover and landuse change. Direct measurements of aboveground live biomass (AGLB) are limited to small areas of forest inventory plots and site-specific allometric equations that cannot be readily generalized for the entire basin. Furthermore, there is no space-borne remote sensing instrument that can measure tropical forest biomass directly. To determine the spatial distribution of forest biomass of the Amazon basin, we report a method based on remote sensing metrics representing various forest structural parameters and environmental variables, and more than 500 plot measurements of forest biomass distributed over the basin. A decision tree approach was used to develop the spatial distribution of AGLB for seven distinct biomass classes of lowland old-growth forests with more than 80% accuracy. AGLB for other vegetation types, such as the woody and herbaceous savanna and secondary forests, was directly estimated with a regression based on satellite data. Results show that AGLB is highest in Central Amazonia and in regions to the east and north, including the Guyanas. Biomass is generally above 300 Mg ha-1 here except in areas of intense logging or open floodplains. In Western Amazonia, from the lowlands of Peru, Ecuador, and Colombia to the Andean mountains, biomass ranges from 150 to 300 Mg ha-1. Most transitional and seasonal forests at the southern and northwestern edges of the basin have biomass ranging from 100 to 200 Mg ha-1. The AGLB distribution has a significant correlation with the length of the dry season. We estimate that the total carbon in forest biomass of the Amazon basin, including the dead and belowground biomass, is 86 Pg C with +/- 20% uncertainty.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-forest-composition-vegetation-structure
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-22 Field Validation of MODIS Deforestation Detection, Brazil, 2003-2004

This data set contains field observations, corresponding GPS points, and point and polygons of deforested areas in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, for the period August 2003 to July 2004. The field observations were conducted in the forested areas between Nova Mutum and Sinop, MT. These data were part of a study to validate Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data at 250-m resolution for the detection of deforested areas. There are 16 data files with this data set. This includes 10 shapefile (.shp) and six comma-separated files (.csv).

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-14 Modeled Soil and Plant Water Balance, Amazon Basin, 1995-2001

A simple GIS soil-water balance model for the Amazon Basin, called RisQue (Risco de Queimadasa -- Fire Risk), was used to conduct an analysis of spatial and temporal patterns of drought in moist tropical forests and the complex relationships between patterns of drought and forest fire regimes from 1995 through 2001. The provided data products are the model output estimates of maximum plant-available soil water (PAWmax) at 10 m depth at 8 km resolution and model data inputs of monthly precipitation and evapotranspiration. RisQue estimates PAWmax at 10 m depth starting with a map of PAWmax (1-2 m depth) developed using 1,565 RADAMBRASIL soil texture profiles and empirical relationships between soil texture and critical soil water parameters and then interpolated to 8 km resolution. In RisQue, plant-available soil water (PAW) is depleted by monthly evapotranspiration estimated using the Penman Monteith equation and satellite-derived radiation and recharged by monthly precipitation. There are three data files with this data set, two *.zip, and one GeoTIFF image (.tif). The *.zip files expand to 83 *.asc files of evapotranspiration and 89 *.asc files for precipitation data. The image (.tif) is a map of maximum percent available water at 10 m depth. All the files in this data set are in standard arc/info asciigrid format at 8 km resolution.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evapotranspiration, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-14 Modeled Deforestation Scenarios, Amazon Basin: 2002-2050

This data set provides the results of the two modeled scenarios for future patterns of deforestation across the Amazon Basin from 2002 to 2050. This larger defined Amazon Basin (PanAmazon area) includes the Amazon River watershed, the Legal Amazon in Brazil, and the Guiana region. The model SimAmazonia was used to simulate monthly deforestation in the Amazon Basin from 2002 to 2050 for two scenarios: (1) a "Business-as-Usual" scenario, which considered the deforestation trends across the basin and projected the rates by using historical images and their variations from 1997 to 2002 and then added to that the effect of paving a set of major roads, and (2) a "Governance" scenario, that also considered the current deforestation trends, but assumed a 50% limit imposed for deforested land within each basin's subregion, and that existing and proposed Protected Areas (PAs), play a decisive role in limiting deforestation as well (Soares et al., 2006). The provided data products include one GeoTiff (*.tif) for each year (2002 to 2050) for both model scenarios for a total of 98 files. The files have been compressed in two *.zip files, one for each model scenario. There is also one comma-delimited file that contains the model input data derived from satellite deforestation maps.

Tags: earth-science-habitat-conversion-fragmentation-human-dimensions-deforestation, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-15 NDVI Composite Images of the Amazon Basin: 1999-2000

This data set provides Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) composite images of the Amazon Basin for the years 1999-2000 at approximately1-km spatial resolution. The images were from the VEGETATION 1 sensor, aboard the SPOT 4 satellite. Ten day composite images were reprocessed through several filters for cloud removal. Monthly NDVI data were used to create five metrics: maximum NDVI, minimum of 6 greenest months, range of NDVI between min and max, mean NDVI dry months, and mean NDVI wet months. There are five GeoTIFF (.tif) files with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index-normalized-difference-vegetation-index-ndvi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-14 Specific Leaf Area and Phenology, km 67 Site, Para, Brazil: 2001-2006

This data set provides measurements of specific leaf area and monthly phenological observations for selected tree and vine species at the km 67 Seca Floresta site, Tapajos National Forest, Para, Brazil. The study site was part of a rainfall exclusion experiment that was conducted from 1999-2006 to develop an understanding of the physical processes driving the observed soil water dynamics at the site. Phenological observations were made from 2001-2004 in rainfall exclusion and control plots. In total, 3,224 leaves were observed across 223 individuals and 56 species. The phenological observations included the month and year when a given leaf was first observed fully expanded and last observed alive. Starting in July 2004 and continuing through January 2006, leaves that had been followed in the phenology study were sampled and leaf area and mass were determined and the specific leaf area was calculated. There are two comma-delimited data files with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-phenology
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-10 Orthorectified Landsat ETM+ Data for Legal Amazon: 1999-2001

This data set includes orthorectified Landsat ETM+ scenes across the Legal Amazon region. At least one scene is provided for each spatial tile, representing the most cloud-free retrievals from mid-1999 through late 2001 (Fig. 1). Dates are therefore not continuous but include scenes from July 8, 1999 to November 13, 2001. Data have been atmospherically corrected and orthorectified. The individual images should be highly useful as they include very little cloud cover, but they should not be mosaicked together since retrieval dates vary.Data files (and format) included for each scene are: six multispectral bands (tif), two thermal bands (tif), one panchromatic band (tif), two preview files (jpg), and one metadata file (txt). The individual Geotiff files have been g-zipped and subsequently all of the files for a scene have been g-zipped together for ordering convenience.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO LC-07 Monthly Inundated Areas, Amazon, Orinoco and Pantanal Basins: 1978-1987

This data set reports the monthly record of inundated area, in square km, for six floodplain and open water regions in South America. The following floodplains were analyzed: (1) mainstem Amazon River floodplain in Brazil; (2) Llanos de Mojos (Beni and Mamore rivers) in Bolivia; (3) Bananal Island (Araguaia River) in Brazil; (4) Roraima savannas (Branco and Rupununi rivers) in Brazil and Guyana; (5) Llanos del Orinoco (Apure and Meta rivers) in Venezuela and Colombia; and (6) Pantanal wetland (Paraguay River) in Brazil. Flooded area was estimated at monthly intervals from December 1978 through August 1987 for the Amazon mainstem region and from January 1979 through August 1987 for the other five regions. Inundated area was determined from SMMR (Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer) passive microwave data. Area estimates include permanent open water as well as land subject to seasonal inundation. This data set contains five data files: two comma-delimited (.csv) ASCII data files providing the monthly inundation area values for six floodplain and open water regions in South America; a compressed (.zip) file providing seventeen ESRI Shape files for the region bounding polygons; and two .csv files providing information about the region bounding polygons and latitude/longitude verticies.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-discha, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-floods, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-inunda
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
LBA-ECO CD-10 CO, CO2 and Meteorological Data, Maxaranguape, Brazil

This data set reports the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2), wind direction, wind speed, and air temperature measured at the Maxaranguape Atmospheric Observatory in northeast Brazil, January 4, 2003 - December 27, 2006. The data are 30-minute averages. The concentrations observed at Maxaranguape are representative of upstream atmospheric boundary conditions for the Amazon basin and could be used in conjunction with Santarem data and other data sets to estimate regional budgets for these gasses (Kirchhoff et al., 2003). There is one comma-delimited ASCII text file with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration