AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
EUtrophic, MEsotrophic and oLIgotrophic (EUMELI) regimes program

Measurements from the EUMELI program, a component of FRANCE-JGOFS (Joint Global Ocean Flux Study), to study ocean fluxes in eutrophic, mesotrophic and oligotrophic waters.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans, earth-science-salinity-density-oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
First ISCCP Regional Experiment (FIRE) Marine Stratocumulus National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Wind Profiler Data

The First ISCCP Regional Experiments have been designed to improve data products and cloud/radiation parameterizations used in general circulation models (GCMs). Specifically, the goals of FIRE are (1) to seek the basic understanding of the interaction of physical processes in determining life cycles of cirrus and marine stratocumulus systems and the radiative properties of these clouds during their life cycles and (2) to investigate the interrelationships between ISCCP data, GCM parameterizations, and higher space and time resolution cloud data. To-date, four intensive field-observation periods were planned and executed: a cirrus IFO (October 13 - November 2, 1986); a marine stratocumulus IFO off the southwestern coast of California (June 29 - July 20, 1987); a second cirrus IFO in southeastern Kansas (November 13 - December 7, 1991); and a second marine stratocumulus IFO in the eastern North Atlantic Ocean (June 1 - June 28, 1992). Each mission combined coordinated satellite, airborne, and surface observations with modeling studies to investigate the cloud properties and physical processes of the cloud systems.There are three types of NOAA wind profiler data, all have been splined to a 25-meter vertical resolution and a 1-hour temporal resolution. Parameters include potential temperature derived from the CLASS (CSU, Steve Cox) radiosonde (100 to 2300 M above sea level), smoothed merged Pennsylvania State University (PSU) sodar and profiler wind speeds and directions (300 to 2075 M above sea level) and derived Richardson Numbers from these data (325-2050 M MSL).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-potential-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-profiles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ER-2 X-band Radar (EXRAD) 3D Winds IMPACTS

The ER-2 X-band Radar (EXRAD) 3D Winds IMPACTS dataset consists of horizontal wind components, uncertainties in the horizontal wind components, and radar reflectivity collected by the EXRAD instrument onboard the NASA ER-2 aircraft. These data were gathered during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S Atlantic Coast (2020-2023, No deployments occurred in 2021 due to COVID-19). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. The EXRAD 3D Winds IMPACTS dataset files are available from January 25 through February 7, 2020 in netCDF-3 format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-boundary-layer-winds, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-atmospheric-precipitation-indices, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-radar-reflectivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ER-2 X-Band Doppler Radar (EXRAD) IMPACTS

The ER-2 X-band Radar (EXRAD) IMPACTS dataset consists of radar reflectivity and Doppler velocity estimates collected by the EXRAD onboard the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. These data were gathered during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign. IMPACTS was a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic Coast (2020-2023). The campaign aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. The EXRAD IMPACTS dataset files are available from January 25, 2020, through March 2, 2023, in HDF-5 format.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-dynamics, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-doppler-velocity, earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-radar-reflectivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
EPIC-view satellite composites for DSCOVR, Version 1

In DSCOVR_EPIC_L2_composite_01, cloud property retrievals from multiple imagers on low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites (including MODIS, VIIRS, and AVHRR) and geostationary (GEO) satellites (including GOES-13 and -15, METEOSAT-7 and -10, MTSAT-2, and Himawari-8) are used to generate the composite. Based on the Ceres cloud detection and retrieval system, all cloud properties were determined using a standard set of algorithms, the Satellite ClOud and Radiation Property Retrieval System (SatCORPS). Cloud properties from these LEO/GEO imagers are optimally merged together to provide a seamless global composite product at 5-km resolution by using an aggregated rating that considers five parameters (nominal satellite resolution, pixel time relative to the Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) observation time, viewing zenith angle, distance from day/night terminator, and sun glint factor) and selects the best observation at the time nearest to the EPIC measurements. About 72% of the LEO/GEO satellite overpass times are within one hour of the EPIC measurements, while 92% are within two hours of the EPIC measurements. The global composite data are then remapped into the EPIC Field of View (FOV) by convolving the high-resolution cloud properties with the EPIC point spread function (PSF) defined with a half-pixel accuracy to produce the EPIC composite. PSF-weighted radiances and cloud properties averages are computed separately for each cloud phase. Ancillary data (i.e., surface type, snow and ice map, skin temperature, precipitable water, etc.) needed for anisotropic factor selections are also included in the composite. These composite images are produced for each observation time of the EPIC instrument (typically 300 to 600 composites per month).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-droplet-concentration-size, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-height, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-top-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ER-2 Navigation Data IMPACTS

The NASA ER-2 Navigation Data IMPACTS dataset contains information recorded by the onboard navigation and data collection systems of the NASA ER-2 high-altitude research aircraft. In addition to typical navigation data (e.g., date, time, latitude/longitude, and altitude) it also contains outside meteorological parameters such as wind speed, wind direction, and temperature. These data were collected during the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) field campaign, a three-year sequence of winter season deployments conducted to study snowstorms over the U.S. Atlantic coast. IMPACTS aimed to (1) Provide observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution; (2) Examine how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands; and (3) Improve snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to advance prediction capabilities significantly. The IMPACTS navigation dataset files are available from January 15, 2020, through March 2, 2023, in ASCII-ict format.

Tags: earth-science-sensor-characteristics-spectral-engineering-geolocation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ERS-1 Gridded Level 3 Enhanced Resolution Sigma-0 from BYU

This European Remote Sensing (ERS) Sigma-0 dataset is generated by the Scatterometer Climate Record Pathfinder (SCP) project at Brigham Young University (BYU) and is generated using a Scatterometer Image Reconstruction (SIR) technique developed by Dr. David Long at BYU. The dataset provides SIR processed Sigma-0 data from the ERS-1 C-band scatterometer, which is also known as the Active Microwave Instrument (AMI). AMI is a multimode radar operating at a frequency of 5.3 GHz (C-band), using vertically polarized antennas for both transmission and reception. The SIR technique results in an enhanced resolution image reconstruction and gridded on an equal-area grid (for non-polar regions) at 8.9 km pixel resolution stored in SIR files; polar regions are gridded at the same resolution using a polar-stereographic technique. A non-enhanced version is provided at 44.5 km pixel resolution in a format known as GRD (i.e., gridded) files. All files are produced in IEEE formatted binary. All data files are separated and organized by region, parameter, and sampling technique (i.e., SIR vs. GRD). The regions of China and Japan are combined into a single region. In addition to Sigma-0, various statistical parameters are provided for added guidance, including but not limited to: standard deviation, measurement counts, pixel time, Sigma-0 error, and average incidence angle. This dataset was once distributed on tape, but has been made available on FTP thanks to the BYU SCP.

Tags: earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught-normalized-radar-cross-section, earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-ice-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ERS-2 Gridded Level 3 Enhanced Resolution Sigma-0 from BYU

This European Remote Sensing (ERS) Sigma-0 dataset is generated by the Scatterometer Climate Record Pathfinder (SCP) project at Brigham Young University (BYU) and is generated using a Scatterometer Image Reconstruction (SIR) technique developed by Dr. David Long at BYU. The dataset provides SIR processed Sigma-0 data from the ERS-2 C-band scatterometer, which is also known as the Active Microwave Instrument (AMI). AMI is a multimode radar operating at a frequency of 5.3 GHz (C-band), using vertically polarized antennas for both transmission and reception. The SIR technique results in an enhanced resolution image reconstruction and gridded on an equal-area grid (for non-polar regions) at 8.9 km pixel resolution stored in SIR files; polar regions are gridded at the same resolution using a polar-stereographic technique. A non-enhanced version is provided at 44.5 km pixel resolution in a format known as GRD (i.e., gridded) files. All files are produced in IEEE formatted binary. All data files are separated and organized by region, parameter, and sampling technique (i.e., SIR vs. GRD). The regions of China and Japan are combined into a single region. In addition to Sigma-0, various statistical parameters are provided for added guidance, including but not limited to: standard deviation, measurement counts, pixel time, Sigma-0 error, and average incidence angle. This dataset was once distributed on tape, but has been made available on FTP thanks to the BYU SCP. For more information, please visit: http://www.scp.byu.edu/docs/ERS_user_notes.html

Tags: earth-science-radar-spectral-engineering-sigma-naught-normalized-radar-cross-section, earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-ice-extent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ESMR/Nimbus-5 Images of Brightness Temperature on 70 mm Film V001 (ESMRN5IM) at GES DISC

ESMRN5IM is the Nimbus-5 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) data product containing daily brightness temperature images from 70-mm photofacsimile film strips. Each frame contains a geographic grid and two groups of three parallel strips of imagery, each containing one-half the orbital data. The spatial coverage is identical in each group, but each strip has a different dynamic range for its gray scale: 100-200 K, 190-270 K, and 250-300 K, respectively. The spatial resolution is 25 x 25 km near nadir, degrading to 160 km cross-track by 45 km down-track at the ends of the scan. The images are saved as JPEG 2000 digital files. About 2 weeks of images are archived into a TAR file. Additional information can be found in "The Nimbus 5 User's Guide." The primary objectives of the ESMR experiment were: (1) to derive the liquid water content of clouds from brightness temperatures over oceans, (2) to observe differences between sea ice and the open sea over the polar caps, and (3) to test the feasibility of inferring surface composition and soil moisture. To accomplish these objectives, the ESMR was capable of continuous global mapping of the 1.55-cm (19.36 GHz) microwave radiation emitted by the earth/atmosphere system, and could function even in the presence of cloud conditions that block conventional satellite infrared sensors. The ESMR instrument made measurements from Dec. 11, 1972 until May 16, 1977. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00192 (old ID 72-097A-04C).

Tags: earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ESMR/Nimbus-5 Level 1 Calibrated Brightness Temperature V001 (ESMRN5L1) at GES DISC

ESMRN5L1 is the Nimbus-5 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) Level 1 Calibrated Brightness Temperature product and contains calibrated radiances expressed in units of brightness temperature measured at 19.35 GHz. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as the Calibrated Brightness Temperature Tapes (CBTT). The data are archived in their original IBM binary proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file. The Nimbus-5 satellite was successfully launched on December 11, 1972. The ESMR experiment on Nimbus-5 continued the measurements made by its predecessor flown on Nimbus-4. The ESMR instrument objectives were (1) to derive the liquid water content of clouds from brightness temperatures over oceans, (2) to observe differences between sea ice and the open sea over the polar caps, and (3) to test the feasibility of inferring surface composition and soil moisture. The ESMR Principal Investigator was Dr. Thomas T. Wilheit, Jr. from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The Nimbus-5 ESMR data are available from December 11, 1972 (day of year 346) through May 16, 1977 (day of year 136) This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00219 (old ID 72-097A-04A).

Tags: earth-science-microwave-spectral-engineering-brightness-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FLUXNET Research Network Site Characteristics, Investigators, and Bibliography, 2016

FLUXNET is a global network of micrometeorological tower sites that use eddy covariance methods to measure the exchanges of carbon dioxide, water vapor, and energy between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere. This dataset provides information from the ORNL DAAC-hosted FLUXNET site database which was discontinued in 2016. The files provided contain a list of investigators associated with each tower site, site locations and environmental data, and a bibliography of papers that used FLUXNET data. For more up to date information on FLUXNET sites, see http://fluxnet.fluxdata.org/.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-trace-gases-trace-species, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-maximum-minimum-temperatur, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-gas-air
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FLUXNET Canada Research Network - Canadian Carbon Program Data Collection, 1993-2014

FLUXNET Canada is a Fluxnet research network comprised of the Fluxnet-Canada Research Network (FCRN) and the Canadian Carbon Program (CCP) operating from 1993 through 2014. It was a national research network of university and government scientists studying the influence of climate and disturbance on carbon cycling along an east-west transect of Canadian forest and peat land ecosystems. The data provided are measured and modeled results as obtained from the site investigators. They were not standardized and quality-controlled. Data include: atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and water vapor fluxes and many ancillary meteorological variables; soil CO2 efflux and soil moisture; stable carbon isotopes; site soil and vegetation characteristics, plus documentation and descriptions for the 32 tower sites across 12 flux research stations. The time period is from 1993 - 2014; most reported data for a site does not cover the entire period.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-methane, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-incoming-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-outgoing-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-irradiance, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-rate, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-gas-air, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-respiration, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-texture, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-dominant-species, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Forest Aboveground Biomass and Carbon Sequestration Potential, Northeastern USA

This dataset provides 90 m estimates of forest aboveground biomass (Mg/ha) for nominal 2011 and projections of carbon sequestration potential for 11 states in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI) domain. The RGGI is a cooperative, market-based effort among States in the eastern United States. Estimated biomass and sequestration potential were computed using the Ecosystem Demography (ED) model. The ED Model integrates several key data including climate variables from Daymet and MERRA2 products; physical soil and hydraulic properties from Probabilistic Remapping of SSURGO (POLARIS) and CONUS-SOIL; land cover characteristics from airborne lidar, the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP), and the National Land Cover Database (NLCD); and vegetation parameters from the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-carbon-sequestration, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-landscape-land-surface-reforestation, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-carbon
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Forest Aboveground Biomass for Maine, 2023

This dataset holds estimates of forest aboveground biomass (AGB) for Maine, USA, in 2023. AGB was estimated using airborne LiDAR data from the USGS 3DEP project and a deep learning convolutional neural network (CNN) model. The airborne LiDAR datasets used in this mapping were collected in different years. The CNN model was calibrated using plot-level forest inventory data with precise location measurements and spectral indices derived from multiple remote sensing products. Stand-level biomass succession models, developed from the USDA Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data, were applied to project biomass estimates to the year 2023 with 10-m spatial resolution. The data are provided in GeoTIFF format.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Forest Aboveground Biomass for Maryland, USA

This dataset includes estimates of annual forest aboveground biomass over the state of Maryland, USA, for the period 1984-2023. It was generated by a modeling approach that linked an ecosystem model called Ecosystem Demography (ED) model, airborne lidar data of canopy height in circa 2010, and the remote sensing based land cover change dataset (NAFD).

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Forest Carbon Stocks and Fluxes from the NFCMS, Conterminous USA, 1990-2010

This dataset, derived from the National Forest Carbon Monitoring System (NFCMS), provides estimates of forest carbon stocks and fluxes in the form of aboveground woody biomass (AGB), total live biomass, total ecosystem carbon, aboveground coarse woody debris (CWD), and net ecosystem productivity (NEP) as a function of the number of years since the most recent disturbance (i.e., stand age) for forests of the conterminous U.S. at a 30 m resolution for the benchmark years 1990, 2000, and 2010. The data were derived from an inventory-constrained version of the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach (CASA) carbon cycle process model that accounts for disturbance processes for each combination of forest type, site productivity, and pre-disturbance biomass. Also provided are the core model data inputs including the year of the most recent disturbance according to the North American Forest Dynamics (NAFD) and the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity (MTBS) data products; the type of disturbance; biomass estimates from the year 2000 according to the National Biomass and Carbon Dataset (NBCD); forest-type group; a site productivity classification; and the number of years since stand-replacing disturbance. The data are useful for a wide range of applications including monitoring and reporting recent dynamics of forest carbon across the conterminous U.S., assessment of recent trends with attribution to disturbance and regrowth drivers, conservation planning, and assessment of climate change mitigation opportunities within the forest sector.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-disturbance, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-forest-science-agriculture-forest-harvesting-and-engineering, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-species
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration