AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Sea Level Rise: American Samoa: High-Tide Flooding: 2100 Intermediate Scenario

This high-tide flooding layer provides a prediction of future sea level rise (SLR) inundation and was produced using a passive flooding model, often referred to as a "bathtub" model. It provides an assessment of flooded areas according to a specific water level. These water levels are determined using projections from the U.S. Interagency Task Force (ITF) (Sweet et al., 2022) in combination with land subsidence projections modeled by Han et al. (2019). The latter is included only for Tutuila, Aunuu, and Manua Islands (Ofu, Olosega, and Tau). In contrast, SLR projections for Swains Island and Rose Atoll only include the climate-related processes (ITF). The projections are modeled following both scenarios and time. The five scenarios range from low to high depending on the amount of greenhouse gases emissions, while time is divided by decade from 2030 to 2100.

We apply this model to the 2022 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) lidar DEM for American Samoa with 1-meter resolution. The DEM was leveled from NAD83 (PA11) to mean sea level at 0 m (MSL=0) in 2005. The adjustment of the DEM may lead to inaccuracies due to the lack of historic information. It is also important to acknowledge that any inaccuracies in the DEM will lead to inaccuracies in the flooding estimates.

In the 2100 intermediate scenario represented here, the modeled water level is 136 cm (99 cm for Rose and Swains). In this scenario, world-wide society continues current emissions rates, and sea level rises at increased rates compared to the intermediate-low scenario. Tipping points, i.e. large and sudden changes, are still not crossed. It is recommended using this scenario for planning construction of infrastructure with low-to-medium critical use and lifespans extending into the second half of the century, such as a new storefront.

Flood depth is provided in centimeters above the 2005 mean higher high water (MHHW) tide level.

It is essential to emphasize that the passive flooding model used to produce this data layer does not include the effects of waves on flooding. As a result, the extent and impacts of future flooding under high-wave conditions are not represented, which should be accounted for in planning efforts. In addition, the DEM is assumed to be unchanged as sea level rises, but in fact there will be erosion and changes in the shape of the land surface, and continued subsidence. This also must be considered, and it is best practice to consider any flooding extent or depth represented in this data layer as a best-case scenario, with the effects of dynamic shoreline processes leading to greater flood extent and depth than presented.

Tags: american samoa, atmospheric/ocean indicators, aunuu, climate indicators, coastal processes, earth science, environmental impacts, floods, human dimensions, inundation, manua, natural hazards, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, rose atoll, sea level rise, south pacific ocean, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sea Level Rise: American Samoa: High-Tide Flooding: 2040 Intermediate-Low Scenario

This high-tide flooding layer provides a prediction of future sea level rise (SLR) inundation and was produced using a passive flooding model, often referred to as a "bathtub" model. It provides an assessment of flooded areas according to a specific water level. These water levels are determined using projections from the U.S. Interagency Task Force (ITF) (Sweet et al., 2022) in combination with land subsidence projections modeled by Han et al. (2019). The latter is included only for Tutuila, Aunuu, and Manua Islands (Ofu, Olosega, and Tau). In contrast, SLR projections for Swains Island and Rose Atoll only include the climate-related processes (ITF). The projections are modeled following both scenarios and time. The five scenarios range from low to high depending on the amount of greenhouse gases emissions, while time is divided by decade from 2030 to 2100.

We apply this model to the 2022 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) lidar DEM for American Samoa with 1-meter resolution. The DEM was leveled from NAD83 (PA11) to mean sea level at 0 m (MSL=0) in 2005. The adjustment of the DEM may lead to inaccuracies due to the lack of historic information. It is also important to acknowledge that any inaccuracies in the DEM will lead to inaccuracies in the flooding estimates.

In the 2040 intermediate-low scenario represented here, the modeled water level is 42 cm (10 cm for Rose and Swains). In this scenario, world-wide society limits increase of emissions, and sea level rises without reaching any tipping points, i.e. large and sudden changes such as a rapid increase in ice sheets melting. It is recommended to use this scenario only for planning construction of non-critical infrastructure that owners can afford to lose, such as a beach "fale".

Flood depth is provided in centimeters above the 2005 mean higher high water (MHHW) tide level.

It is essential to emphasize that the passive flooding model used to produce this data layer does not include the effects of waves on flooding. As a result, the extent and impacts of future flooding under high-wave conditions are not represented, which should be accounted for in planning efforts. In addition, the DEM is assumed to be unchanged as sea level rises, but in fact there will be erosion and changes in the shape of the land surface, and continued subsidence. This also must be considered, and it is best practice to consider any flooding extent or depth represented in this data layer as a best-case scenario, with the effects of dynamic shoreline processes leading to greater flood extent and depth than presented.

Tags: american samoa, atmospheric/ocean indicators, aunuu, climate indicators, coastal processes, earth science, environmental impacts, floods, human dimensions, inundation, manua, natural hazards, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, rose atoll, sea level rise, south pacific ocean, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Tide Model for the Hawaiian Islands: Main NW Islands

Tide model for the Hawaiian Islands. The model is based on climatological stratification, but 64 harmonics are used to model the full-depth baroclinic tides. The model has been run at 1km resolution, hourly, through the end of 2025. Due to computing limitations, the model grid is divided into two pieces, one for the Northwestern main Hawaiian Islands (Kauai, Oahu, Maui) and the other for the Big Island. While considerable effort has been made to implement all model components in a thorough, correct, and accurate manner, numerous sources of error are possible. As such, please use this output with the caution appropriate for any ocean related activity.

Tags: central pacific ocean, continent, earth science, earth science services, eastward_sea_water_velocity, hawaii, hawaiian islands, kahoolawe, kauai, lanai, latitude, longitude, maui, models, models/analyses, molokai, niihau, north america, northward_sea_water_velocity, not applicable, oahu, ocean, ocean circulation, ocean currents, ocean general circulation models (ogcm)/regional ocean models, oceans, operational models, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, sea surface height, sea surface topography, sea_surface_height, tidal height, tides, time, united states of america, weather research/forecast models
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Coastal Habitat Modification - American Samoa

Coastal habitats are utilized and altered for a suite of human uses. Habitat modification is here defined as the alteration or removal of geomorphic structure as a result of human use. This includes several habitat-modifying features like seawalls, piers, breakwaters, dredged areas, artificial land (i.e., filled wetlands), and offshore structures. This data layer represents the presence of habitat modification in shallow waters of American Samoa. The presence of habitat-modifying features were mapped by combining several existing datasets derived primarily from satellite and aerial imagery, including the following datasets: benthic habitat maps (NOAA Center for Coastal Monitoring and Assessment (CCMA), 2005); and NOAA Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) line data (NOAA Office of Response and Restoration (OR&R), 2003). The layer represents the presence or absence of habitat modification, with a cell size of 250 m.

Relevant man-made features were extracted from each individual dataset and saved (features classified as artificial and dredged areas in NOAA benthic habitat maps; coastal segments designated as man-made structures and riprap in NOAA ESI line data). The resulting polygon datasets were merged together. A field was added to all vector layers with a value of 1 for each feature to represent the presence of habitat modification. Vector data were then converted to 250-m rasters and combined into a mosaic.

Tags: american samoa, aquatic ecosystems, biosphere, coastal areas, coastal processes, coral reef, coral reefs, earth science, ecosystems, environmental impacts, environmental sustainability, habitat conversion/fragmentation, human dimensions, human settlements, infrastructure, manua, marine ecosystems, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, reef, reef habitat, rose atoll, south pacific ocean, sustainability, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sea Level Rise: American Samoa: High-Tide Flooding: 2090 Intermediate Scenario

This high-tide flooding layer provides a prediction of future sea level rise (SLR) inundation and was produced using a passive flooding model, often referred to as a "bathtub" model. It provides an assessment of flooded areas according to a specific water level. These water levels are determined using projections from the U.S. Interagency Task Force (ITF) (Sweet et al., 2022) in combination with land subsidence projections modeled by Han et al. (2019). The latter is included only for Tutuila, Aunuu, and Manua Islands (Ofu, Olosega, and Tau). In contrast, SLR projections for Swains Island and Rose Atoll only include the climate-related processes (ITF). The projections are modeled following both scenarios and time. The five scenarios range from low to high depending on the amount of greenhouse gases emissions, while time is divided by decade from 2030 to 2100.

We apply this model to the 2022 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) lidar DEM for American Samoa with 1-meter resolution. The DEM was leveled from NAD83 (PA11) to mean sea level at 0 m (MSL=0) in 2005. The adjustment of the DEM may lead to inaccuracies due to the lack of historic information. It is also important to acknowledge that any inaccuracies in the DEM will lead to inaccuracies in the flooding estimates.

In the 2090 intermediate scenario represented here, the modeled water level is 112 cm (76 cm for Rose and Swains). In this scenario, world-wide society continues current emissions rates, and sea level rises at increased rates compared to the intermediate-low scenario. Tipping points, i.e. large and sudden changes, are still not crossed. It is recommended using this scenario for planning construction of infrastructure with low-to-medium critical use and lifespans extending into the second half of the century, such as a new storefront.

Flood depth is provided in centimeters above the 2005 mean higher high water (MHHW) tide level.

It is essential to emphasize that the passive flooding model used to produce this data layer does not include the effects of waves on flooding. As a result, the extent and impacts of future flooding under high-wave conditions are not represented, which should be accounted for in planning efforts. In addition, the DEM is assumed to be unchanged as sea level rises, but in fact there will be erosion and changes in the shape of the land surface, and continued subsidence. This also must be considered, and it is best practice to consider any flooding extent or depth represented in this data layer as a best-case scenario, with the effects of dynamic shoreline processes leading to greater flood extent and depth than presented.

Tags: american samoa, atmospheric/ocean indicators, aunuu, climate indicators, coastal processes, earth science, environmental impacts, floods, human dimensions, inundation, manua, natural hazards, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, rose atoll, sea level rise, south pacific ocean, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Maximum Degree Heating Week, 2000-2013 - Hawaii

Sea surface temperature (SST) plays an important role in a number of ecological processes and can vary over a wide range of time scales, from daily to decadal changes. SST influences primary production, species migration patterns, and coral health. If temperatures are anomalously warm for extended periods of time, drastic changes in the surrounding ecosystem can result, including harmful effects such as coral bleaching. Degree Heating Weeks (DHW) is a metric of this thermal stress on corals. This layer represents the maximum weekly DHW of SST (Celsius weeks) from 2000-2013. NOAA Coral Reef Watch (CRW) methodology was used to calculate the DHW time series. Please see the CRW website for details on how the DHW product is calculated (http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov).

Three SST datasets were combined to provide continuous coverage from 1985-2013. The concatenation applies bias adjustment derived from linear regression to the overlap periods of datasets, with the final representation matching the 0.05-degree (~5-km) near real-time SST product. First, a weekly composite, gap-filled SST dataset from the NOAA Pathfinder v5.2 SST 1/24-degree (~4-km), daily dataset (a NOAA Climate Data Record) for each location was produced following Heron et al. (2010) for January 1985 to December 2012. Next, weekly composite SST data from the NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Blended SST 0.1-degree (~11-km), daily dataset was produced for February 2009 to October 2013. Finally, a weekly composite SST dataset from the NOAA/NESDIS/STAR Blended SST 0.05-degree (~5-km), daily dataset was produced for March 2012 to December 2013.

This SST weekly DHW data layer represents the maximum DHW experienced at any point for a given satellite pixel over the 2000-2013 time frame.

Tags: aquatic ecosystems, biosphere, central pacific ocean, coastal areas, coastal processes, continent, coral reef, coral reefs, earth science, ecosystems, hawaii, hawaiian islands, human dimensions, human settlements, marine ecosystems, north america, ocean, ocean temperature, oceans, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, reef, reef habitat, sea surface temperature, united states of america
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sea Level Rise: American Samoa: High-Tide Flooding: 2050 Intermediate-High Scenario

This high-tide flooding layer provides a prediction of future sea level rise (SLR) inundation and was produced using a passive flooding model, often referred to as a "bathtub" model. It provides an assessment of flooded areas according to a specific water level. These water levels are determined using projections from the U.S. Interagency Task Force (ITF) (Sweet et al., 2022) in combination with land subsidence projections modeled by Han et al. (2019). The latter is included only for Tutuila, Aunuu, and Manua Islands (Ofu, Olosega, and Tau). In contrast, SLR projections for Swains Island and Rose Atoll only include the climate-related processes (ITF). The projections are modeled following both scenarios and time. The five scenarios range from low to high depending on the amount of greenhouse gases emissions, while time is divided by decade from 2030 to 2100.

We apply this model to the 2022 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) lidar DEM for American Samoa with 1-meter resolution. The DEM was leveled from NAD83 (PA11) to mean sea level at 0 m (MSL=0) in 2005. The adjustment of the DEM may lead to inaccuracies due to the lack of historic information. It is also important to acknowledge that any inaccuracies in the DEM will lead to inaccuracies in the flooding estimates.

In the 2050 intermediate-high scenario represented here, the modeled water level is 62 cm (29 cm for Rose and Swains). In this scenario, world-wide society continues to increase emissions rate. Tipping points, i.e. large and sudden changes, are triggered; ice loss increases rapidly but is not catastrophic. It is recommended using this scenario for planning construction of infrastructure with medium-to-high critical use and longer lifespans, such as a new government office.

Flood depth is provided in centimeters above the 2005 mean higher high water (MHHW) tide level.

It is essential to emphasize that the passive flooding model used to produce this data layer does not include the effects of waves on flooding. As a result, the extent and impacts of future flooding under high-wave conditions are not represented, which should be accounted for in planning efforts. In addition, the DEM is assumed to be unchanged as sea level rises, but in fact there will be erosion and changes in the shape of the land surface, and continued subsidence. This also must be considered, and it is best practice to consider any flooding extent or depth represented in this data layer as a best-case scenario, with the effects of dynamic shoreline processes leading to greater flood extent and depth than presented.

Tags: american samoa, atmospheric/ocean indicators, aunuu, climate indicators, coastal processes, earth science, environmental impacts, floods, human dimensions, inundation, manua, natural hazards, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, rose atoll, sea level rise, south pacific ocean, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Sea Level Rise: American Samoa: High-Tide Flooding: 2050 High Scenario

This high-tide flooding layer provides a prediction of future sea level rise (SLR) inundation and was produced using a passive flooding model, often referred to as a "bathtub" model. It provides an assessment of flooded areas according to a specific water level. These water levels are determined using projections from the U.S. Interagency Task Force (ITF) (Sweet et al., 2022) in combination with land subsidence projections modeled by Han et al. (2019). The latter is included only for Tutuila, Aunuu, and Manua Islands (Ofu, Olosega, and Tau). In contrast, SLR projections for Swains Island and Rose Atoll only include the climate-related processes (ITF). The projections are modeled following both scenarios and time. The five scenarios range from low to high depending on the amount of greenhouse gases emissions, while time is divided by decade from 2030 to 2100.

We apply this model to the 2022 National Geodetic Survey (NGS) lidar DEM for American Samoa with 1-meter resolution. The DEM was leveled from NAD83 (PA11) to mean sea level at 0 m (MSL=0) in 2005. The adjustment of the DEM may lead to inaccuracies due to the lack of historic information. It is also important to acknowledge that any inaccuracies in the DEM will lead to inaccuracies in the flooding estimates.

In the 2050 high scenario represented here, the modeled water level is 69 cm (35 cm for Rose and Swains). In this scenario, world-wide society continues to increase emissions. Tipping points (large and sudden changes) are triggered, and worst-case possibilities arise. It is recommended using this scenario for planning construction of infrastructure with highly critical use and longer lifespans, such as a new hospital.

Flood depth is provided in centimeters above the 2005 mean higher high water (MHHW) tide level.

It is essential to emphasize that the passive flooding model used to produce this data layer does not include the effects of waves on flooding. As a result, the extent and impacts of future flooding under high-wave conditions are not represented, which should be accounted for in planning efforts. In addition, the DEM is assumed to be unchanged as sea level rises, but in fact there will be erosion and changes in the shape of the land surface, and continued subsidence. This also must be considered, and it is best practice to consider any flooding extent or depth represented in this data layer as a best-case scenario, with the effects of dynamic shoreline processes leading to greater flood extent and depth than presented.

Tags: american samoa, atmospheric/ocean indicators, aunuu, climate indicators, coastal processes, earth science, environmental impacts, floods, human dimensions, inundation, manua, natural hazards, ocean, oceans, ofu, olosega, pacific islands ocean observing system, pacific ocean, pacioos, polynesia, rose atoll, sea level rise, south pacific ocean, swains, tau, tutuila
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce