AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Sentinel-6A MF Jason-CS L2P P4 Altimeter High Resolution (HR) NTC Ocean Surface Topography F08

Provides L2P high resolution (HR) non-time critical (NTC; 60-day latency) altimetry from the Poseidon-4 SAR altimeter on the Sentinel-6A Michael Freilich spacecraft, and contains L2-equivalent geophysical sea-state data at a slightly different latency than the other L2 NRT products. The sea-state data were derived from L1B altimetry, and include range, orbital altitude, time, and water vapour. Environmental and geophysical corrections, significant wave height, and wind-speed information are supplied by the AMR-C. The S6A NTC product is analogous to the Jason-3 GDR product.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-waves-oceans-significant-wave-height, earth-science-sea-surface-topography-oceans-sea-surface-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Landscape Photographs of Kalahari Transect, Mongu, Skukuza Sites

This data set contains Global Positioning System (GPS) imprinted landscape photographs at 100 m intervals along the Large Grid Transects at Kalahari Transect sites in Botswana and at measurement sites in Kataba Forest, Mongu, Zambia and in the vicinity of the Skukuza flux tower site in Kruger National Park, South Africa. The Kalahari sites visited were Pandamatenga, Maun, Okwa Valley, and Tshane. There are about 30 pictures per site. In a related study, vegetation cover and composition were measured at various locations along the Kalahari Transect and trends in major vegetative cover, including species types and richness, were recorded (Ringrose and Matheson, 2004). The sites visited showed interesting degrees of variability despite the apparent homogeneity of the Kalahari sands and predominantly semi-arid savanna shrub-woodland vegetation cover. In this data set, the photography provides a visual characterization of species composition and vegetation cover along the Kalahari Transect. The photographs are intended to aid in the interpretation of other data sets, and can be used to suggest canopy height, gap fraction, grass, soil, and sky conditions.The photographs are provided as JPEG images. The following information is imprinted across the top of each photograph: camera number; date mode (G=UTC time) and date (YYMMDD format); time (HHMMSS format); locational mode (1 char) and DOP value (A < 1, J > 9.1); longitude (N, S), followed by DDMM.MMM format; latitude (E, W) followed by DDDMM.MMM format; and bearing (degrees) from magnetic north (indicates direction of shot).

Tags: earth-science-landscape-land-surface-landscape-patterns
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Kalahari Transect CO2, Water Vapor, and Heat Flux, Wet Season 2000

Short-term measurements of carbon dioxide, water, and energy fluxes were collected at four locations along a mean annual precipitation gradient in southern Africa during the SAFARI 2000 wet (growing) season campaign of 2000. The purpose of this research was to determine how observed vegetation-atmosphere exchange properties are functionally related to long-term climatic conditions. This research was conducted along the Kalahari Transect (KT), one in the global set of International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) transects, which covers a north-south aridity gradient, all on a homogenous sand formation. Eddy covariance instruments were deployed on a permanent tower in Mongu, Zambia (879 mm of rainfall per year), as well as on a portable tower in Maun (460 mm/yr), Okwa River Crossing (407 mm/yr), and Tshane (365 mm/yr), Botswana for several days at each site.The data files are stored as ASCII text files, one file per site, in comma-separated-value (csv) format, with column headers. Each file contains measurements of the following parameters: air temperature; CO2 concentration; CO2 flux; friction velocity; heat flux; infrared surface skin temperature; longwave radiation; net radiation; photosynthetic photon flux density; photosynthesis energy; relative humidity; shortwave radiation; soil moisture; soil temperature; vapor pressure deficit; wind speed and angle; water use efficiency; and water vapor. Additional information can be found in the companion file: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/climate_meteorology/kalahari_co2_heat_flux/comp/ kt_co2_heat_flux_readme.pdf. Detailed photographs (.jpg) that complement the experimental descriptions for this data set are available on the S2K Photo Gallery pages.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-skin-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-photosynthesis, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 MODIS Airborne Simulator Data, Southern Africa, Dry Season 2000

This dataset contains the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Airborne Simulator (MAS) multispectral data collected during the SAFARI 2000 project. The flights were undertaken over Southern Africa by the NASA ER-2 aircraft during August and September, 2000.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-sensor-counts, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Mean Climatology, 0.5-Deg, 1930-1960, V[ersion]. 2.1 (Cramer and Leemans)

This data set is a subset of the global mean monthly climatology (Cramer and Leemans 1999). The subset is for the area of southern Africa within the following bounds: 5 N to 35 S and 5 E to 60 E. The data are available in ASCII grid and binary image formats. The parent database is a major update of the Leemans and Cramer database (Leemans and Cramer 1991). It contains long-term monthly averages, for the period 1931-1960, of mean temperature, temperature range, precipitation, rain days and sunshine hours for the terrestrial surface of the globe, gridded at 0.5-degree longitude/latitude resolution. It was generated from a larger database, using the partial thin-plate splining algorithm developed by Michael F. Hutchinson, Canberra (Hutchinson and Bischof 1983). The current version is 2.1--this is the same version that is currently used widely around the globe, notably by all groups participating in the IGBP NPP model intercomparison. More information can be found at: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/climate_meteorology/cramer_leemans/comp/cramer_leemans_readme.pdf.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 MAPSS MOD04_L2 Aerosol Summary Data for Southern Africa

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)Atmosphere Group develops remote sensing algorithms for deriving sets of atmospheric parameters from MODIS radiance data. These parameters can be integrated into conceptual and predictive global models. MODIS Atmosphere Products Subset Statistics (MAPSS) are generated over important locations around the world, as one of the ways to increase the scope of application of the MODIS atmospheric parameters. This MAPSS data set contains daily time series of the MODIS MOD04_L2 aerosol product over seventeen (17) AERONET sunphotometer measurement sites in southern Africa for the period February 26, 2000, through December 31, 2001. The process of generating the statistics involves identifying these locations on the MODIS MOD04_L2 product, extracting the values of the pixel corresponding to each coordinate point as well as surrounding pixels falling within a 50 x 50 km box centered on the coordinate point. The data files are stored as ASCII tables in comma-separated-value (.csv) format. There is one file per site per year for each of the following variables: cloud fraction (land); cloud fraction (ocean); particle effective radius (ocean); optical depth (land and ocean); optical depth (land, corrected); optical depth (ocean, effective average); and optical depth ratio (small ocean).

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Land Cover from AVHRR, 1-km, 1992-1993 (Hansen et al.)

The data set consists of a southern African subset of the 1-km Global Land Cover Data Set Derived from AVHRR developed at the Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies (LGRSS) at the University of Maryland. Both ASCII data and binary image files are available. Over the past several years, researchers have increasingly turned to remotely sensed data to improve the accuracy of data sets that describe the geographic distribution of land cover at regional and global scales. To develop improved methodologies for global land cover classifications as well as to provide global land cover products for immediate use in global change research, researchers at the Laboratory for Global Remote Sensing Studies (LGRSS) at the University of Maryland have employed the NASA/NOAA Pathfinder Land (PAL) data set with a spatial resolution of 1 km. This data set has a record length of 14 years (1981-1994), providing the ability to test the stability of classification algorithms. Furthermore, this data set includes red, infrared, and thermal bands in addition to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Inclusion of these additional bands improves discrimination between cover types. The project aim is to develop and validate global land cover data sets and to develop advanced methodologies for more realistically describing the vegetative land surface based on satellite data. The 1-km global land cover product was created from 1992-93 LAC AVHRR data. The full 1-km global land cover product is available for download from the Global Land Cover Facility (GLCF) web site. Forty-one (41) metrics were developed to describe global vegetation phenology, and these data were used to make the 1-km land cover map. The final product contains 13 land cover classes. More information can be found at: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/vegetation_wetlands/land_cover_data-1km/comp/glcf1km_readme.pdf.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-anthropogenic-human-influenced-ecosystems-agricultural-lands, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 MISR Level 2 Data, Southern Africa, Dry Season 2000

MISR (Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer) views the sunlit Earth simultaneously at nine widely spaced and collects global images with high spatial detail in four colors at every angle. These images are carefully calibrated to provide accurate measures of the brightness, contrast, and color of reflected sunlight. The change in reflection at different view angles affords the means to distinguish different types of atmospheric particles (aerosols), cloud forms, and land surface covers. Combined with stereoscopic techniques, this enables construction of 3-dimensional models and more accurate estimates of the total amount of sunlight reflected by Earth's diverse environments.MISR was built for NASA by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. It is part of NASA's Terra spacecraft, launched into a polar orbit around the Earth on December 18, 1999.The Southern African Fire Atmosphere Research Initiative (SAFARI) 2000 field campaign focused on the smoke and gases released into the environment of southern Africa by industrial, biological, and man-made sources such as biomass burning. The area of study and MISR path numbers include Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. These MISR data cover the period August 12 through September 28, 2000.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Leaf Measurements of Dominant Trees, Kalahari Sites, Wet Season 2000

Data presented in this data set were collected during an intensive field campaign in Botswana between February 28 and March 18, 2000 along the Kalahari Transect as part of the SAFARI 2000 wet season field campaign. The sites visited were Pandamatenga, Maun, Okwa River Crossing, and Tshane (north to south). Individual leaf blade measurements were made on replicate samples from selected dominant and subdominant tree species using an optical lens and graticule. Leaves used in the study had recently-matured new growth, and were fully exposed to the sun for a significant part of the day. The data set is comprised of individual leaf blade dimensions along the length and width of each leaf by tree species as well as the mean of the replicate leaf length and width samples. The data are in comma-delimited ASCII format (kt_leaf_dimensions.csv).

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Leaf-Level VOC Emissions, Maun, Botswana, Wet Season 2001

Biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) comprise a significant proportion of trace gases in the atmospheric environment and play an important role in the formation of secondary air pollutants. Emissions of monoterpenes from vegetation were studied at adjacent sites in Botswana as part of the SAFARI 2000 (Southern African Regional Science Initiative). Using a LI-COR leaf cuvette, VOC emissions were measured from the dominant tree species (Colophospermum mopane) and other vegetation near Maun, Botswana. The aims of this work were to: (1) determine the VOC emission potential of C. mopane; (2) investigate any differences in VOC emission potential between the tall and short C. mopane morphology types; (3) investigate environmental controls of VOC emissions from C. mopane; and (4) screen other non-dominant vegetation for high VOC emission potential. The data are contained in an ASCII text file (maun_leaf-level_voc.csv) in comma-delimited format with column headers. The data file contains leaf-level VOC emission rates for C. mopane and other plant species growing near Maun, Botswana recorded under different types of experiments associated with the measurements (e.g., preliminary light dependency, emission potential, tall/short and water potential, light dependency, screening). In addition, the data file contains physical measurements, such as leaf area and dry biomass, which are used in calculating leaf-level emissions rates. Environmental parameters in the leaf cuvette (PAR, temperature, relative humidity, and CO2 concentration) are also recorded. All measurements were made during the wet season campaign (February) of 2001.

Tags: earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-volatile-organic-compounds, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Leaf Spectral Measurements, Kalahari Transect, Wet Season 2000

The Boston University team collected several data sets along the Kalahari Transect during the SAFARI 2000 wet season field campaign between March 3 and March 18, 2000 to support the validation of the MODIS LAI/FPAR algorithm. Ground measurements of LAI, FPAR, leaf hemispherical reflectance and transmittance, and canopy transmittance were made using a LAI-2000 plant canopy analyzer, an AccuPAR ceptometer, a LiCor 1800-12S External Integrating Sphere (LI-1800) portable spectroradiometer, and an ASD handheld spectroradiometer. Leaf spectral data are provided in this data set. Leaf spectral measurements were made on samples from dominant tree, shrub, and grass species at 5 different Kalahari Transect sites - Mongu in Zambia and Pandamatenga, Maun, Okwa River, and Tshane in Botswana (from north to south) - where vegetation ranges from moist closed woodlands to arid sparsely-shrub-covered grasslands. Measurements were made on site with a LI-1800 portable spectroradiometer right after the leaves were cut from the trees or shrubs. Three or four sample leaves of each dominant species were measured.The data files, in ASCII comma-delimited (.csv) format, contain the wavelength of the measurement (from 400 nm to 1100 nm, at an interval of 1 nm) and the corresponding fraction of leaf reflectance, transmittance, and albedo (reflectance+transmittance). There is a separate data file for each tree and shrub species sampled at each site and a single file containing unidentified grass species collected from all of the sites. Average values for combined samples of trees and of shrubs at different sites are also provided.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-grasslands, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics-leaf-area-index-lai
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 MODIS MOD04_L2 Aerosol Data, GRANT Format, for Southern Africa

The subset of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD04_L2 aerosol product provided in this data set represents the swaths that coincide with known times of the South African Weather Bureau/Service (SAWS) Aerocommanders JRA and JRB research aircraft missions to support aerosol research and validation activities for the SAFARI 2000 region. The MODIS aerosol product monitors the ambient aerosol optical thickness over the oceans globally and over a portion of the continents. Further, the aerosol size distribution is derived over the oceans, and the aerosol type is derived over the continents. Daily Level 2 data are produced at the spatial resolution of a 10 x 10 1 km (at nadir) pixel array. The daily data files cover the period August 21, 2000, through September 26, 2000. For some data collection dates, there are two or more data files.The MOD04_L2 swath data files included in this data set are from the GSFC DAAC (V4.1.0, Collection 004). The MODIS Level 2 data files were converted from Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) to granule tables (GRANT) format. The GRANT format provides the extracted Scientific Data Set (SDS) in ASCII table form where each pixel (x,y) is represented as a row of data with georeferencing information and each SDS is provided as a separate column in the table. The ASCII tables are in comma-delimited format.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 MODIS 500-m Burned Area Products, Southern Africa, Dry Season 2000

The SAFARI 2000 project was selected as the first regional test for a prototype regional 500 m MODIS burned area product. The MODIS burned area product maps the 500 m location and approximate day of burning using a change detection algorithm based on a bi-directional reflectance model-based expectation method applied to the MODIS near-infrared and shortwave infrared bands (Roy et al., 2002). The algorithm was applied to recently reprocessed 500 m daily MODIS land surface reflectance data to produce burned area data sets for all of southern Africa for 2000 forward. This archived data set contains MODIS 500 m burned area products for two dry season months (July and September 2000).Burned area products are spatially explicit data sets that describe the approximate day of burning at 500 m resolution for all of southern Africa south of the Equator, including Madagascar. The burned area maps are compressed GeoTiff files. Several text files are included in the compressed files to aid ENVI (Research Systems, Inc.) users, including ENVI header files and ENVI density slice files. The data set also includes a projection parameters file.The MODIS burned area data set was validated using a methodology based upon the interpretation of multitemporal Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper plus (ETM+) data as described in Roy et al. (in press).

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-occurrence, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-biomass-burning, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SAFARI 2000 Potential Vegetation, 5-min (Ramankutty and Foley)

The data set consists of a southern Africa subset of the 5-min resolution Global Potential Vegetation data set developed by Navin Ramankutty and Jon Foley at the University of Wisconsin. Data are available in both ASCII GRID and binary image file formats. The original map was derived at a 5-min resolution and contains natural vegetation classified into 15 types. This data set is derived mainly from the DISCover land cover data set, with the regions dominated by land use filled using the vegetation data set of Haxeltine and Prentice (1996). The data set represents the world's potential vegetation (i.e., vegetation that would most likely exist now in the absence of human activities), and not necessarily natural pre-settlement vegetation. This is because human activities such as fire suppression have modified the stages of succession at which vegetation communities exist. More information can be found at: ftp://daac.ornl.gov/data/safari2k/vegetation_wetlands/potential_vegetation/comp/Potential_Veg_readme.pdf.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration