AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
MODIS/Terra+Aqua L3 Value-added Aerosol Optical Depth - NRT

MODIS was launched aboard the Terra satellite on December 18, 1999 (10:30 am equator crossing time) as part of NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) mission. MODIS with its 2330 km viewing swath width provides almost daily global coverage. It acquires data in 36 high spectral resolution bands between 0.415 to 14.235 micron with spatial resolutions of 250m(2 bands), 500m(5 bands),and 1000m (29 bands). MODIS sensor counts, calibrated radiances, geolocation products and all derived geophysical atmospheric and ocean products are archived at various DAACs and has been made available to public since April 2000. The shortname for this level-3 MODIS aerosol product is MCDAODHD. The Naval Research Laboratory and the University of North Dakota developed this value-added aerosol optical depth dataset based on MODIS Level 2 aerosol products. MCDAODHD is a gridded product and is specifically designed for quantitative applications including data assimilation and model validation. It is available through LANCE-MODIS. It offers several enhancements over the MODIS Level 2 data on which it is based. These enhancements include stringent filtering to reduce outliers, eliminate cloud contamination, and exclude conditions where aerosol detection is likely to be inaccurate; reduction of systematic biases over land and ocean by empirical corrections; reduction of random variation in AOD values by spatial averaging; quantitative estimation of uncertainty for each AOD data point. The MxDAODHD granules are produced every six hours, and time-stamped 00:00, 06:00, 12:00, and 18:00 (all times UTC). Each granule includes MODIS observations from +/-3 hours from the timestamp (e.g. 12:00 product includes MODIS data from 09:00-15:00 UTC). Production is initiated as soon as the Level 2 inputs become available in the LANCE system. See the LANCE-MODIS page for more dataset information: https://earthdata.nasa.gov/earth-observation-data/near-real-time/download-nrt-data/modis-nrt

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness-angstrom-exponent, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-radiance, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-carbonaceous-aerosols, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-cloud-condensation-nuclei, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-dust-ash-smoke, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-nitrate-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-organic-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-particulate-matter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled 8-Day L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V061

The Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD16A2GF Version 6.1 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled 8-day composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with MODIS remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover. The MOD16A2GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.061) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD16A2GF is the improved MOD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD16A2GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year. Provided in the MOD16A2GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A2GF granule. The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum of all eight days within the composite period, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all eight days within the composite period. The last acquisition period of each year is a 5 or 6-day composite period, depending on the year. Known Issues * Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The product uses Climatology LAI/FPAR as back up to the operational LAI/FPAR.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evapotranspiration, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-photosynthesis, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-profiles-latent-heat-flux
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Direct Broadcast Burned Area Monthly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V006

The MCD64A1 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD64A1 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD64A1.061) data product. The Terra and Aqua combined MCD64A1 Version 6 Burned Area data product is a monthly, global gridded 500 meter (m) product containing per-pixel burned-area and quality information. The MCD64A1 burned-area mapping approach employs 500 m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Surface Reflectance imagery coupled with 1 kilometer (km) MODIS active fire observations. The algorithm uses a burn sensitive Vegetation Index (VI) to create dynamic thresholds that are applied to the composite data. The VI is derived from MODIS shortwave infrared atmospherically corrected surface reflectance bands 5 and 7 with a measure of temporal texture. The algorithm identifies the date of burn for the 500 m grid cells within each individual MODIS tile. The date is encoded in a single data layer as the ordinal day of the calendar year on which the burn occurred with values assigned to unburned land pixels and additional special values reserved for missing data and water grid cells. The data layers provided in the MCD64A1 product include Burn Date, Burn Data Uncertainty, Quality Assurance, along with First Day and Last Day of reliable change detection of the year. Known Issues * Known issues are described on the [MODIS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6) and in Section 8 of the User Guide which covers Cropland Burning, the August 2000 and June 2001 Data Outages, and the August 2020 Aqua Outage. Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * The product is now generated using an improved version of the MCD64 burned area mapping algorithm (Giglio et al., 2009), i.e., MCD64A1 will be adopted as the standard MODIS burned area product for Collection 6. The MCD45A1 product will not be generated beyond Collection 5.1. * The product is generated using Version 6 surface reflectance and active fire input data. * General improvement (reduced omission error) in burned area detection, including significantly better detection of small burns. * Modest reduction in burn-date temporal uncertainty. * Significant reduction in the occurrence of unclassified grid cells due to algorithm changes and refinements in the upstream Version 6 input data. * Product coverage expanded from 219 to 268 MODIS tiles. * Expanded per-pixel Quality Assurance (QA) product layer.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-occurrence, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-biomass-burning, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-wildfires
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Downward Shortwave Radiation Daily/3-Hour L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V061

The MCD18C1 Version 6.1 dataset was decommissioned on June 1, 2024. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD18C1 Version 6.2 data product](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD18C1.062). The MCD18C1 Version 6.1 is a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra and Aqua combined Downward Shortwave Radiation (DSR) Level 3 product produced daily in a 0.05 degree (5,600 meters at the equator) Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) with estimates of DSR every 3 hours. DSR is incident solar radiation over land surfaces in the shortwave spectrum (300-4,000 nanometers) and is an important variable in land-surface models that address a variety of scientific and application issues. The MCD18 products are based on a prototyping algorithm that uses multi-temporal signatures of MODIS data to derive surface reflectance and then calculate incident DSR using the look-up table (LUT) approach. The LUTs consider different types of loadings of aerosols and clouds at a variety of illumination/viewing geometry. Global DSR products are generated from MODIS and geostationary satellite data. Additional details regarding the methodology used to create the data are available in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). Provided in the MOD18C1 product are layers for instantaneous DSR array for each individual MODIS overpass and 3-hour DSR array along with a View Zenith Angle layer. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The MCD18 suite has added CMG products (MCD18C1/MCD18C2).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Net Primary Production Gap-Filled Yearly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V006

The MOD17A3HGF Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD17A3HGF Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD17A3HGF.061) data product. The MOD17A3HGF Version 6 product provides information about annual Net Primary Production (NPP) at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. Annual NPP is derived from the sum of all 8-day Net Photosynthesis (PSN) products ([MOD17A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD17A2H.006)) from the given year. The PSN value is the difference of the Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) and the Maintenance Respiration (MR). The MOD17A3HGF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/modis/mod15a2h.006) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD17A3HGF is the improved MOD17, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from 8-day Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD17A3HGF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year. Known Issues * Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 2 in the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The product uses updated Biome Property look-up tables (BPLUT) and an updated version of the daily Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) meteorological data. * The products are now generated at the native resolution of 500 m using the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Leaf Area Index (LAI)/Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) ([MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/modis/mod15a2h.006)) 8-day composite at 500 m resolution.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-photosynthesis, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Level 1B Subsampled Calibrated Radiance 5Km

The MODIS/Terra Level 1B Subsampled Calibrated Radiances 5km (MOD02SSH) is a subsample from the MODIS Level 1B 1-km data. Every fifth pixel is taken from the MOD021KM product and written out to MOD02SSH. The subsampling starts at the third frame, and at the third line. Here, "frame" and "line" are naming conventions for pixels along and across the scan, respectively. Since MOD02SSH is a subsampled Level 1B , many things from the Level 1B documentation apply as well. That is, the MOD02SSH data product contains calibrated and geolocated at-aperture radiances for 36 bands generated from MODIS Level 1A scans of raw radiance (MOD01). The radiance units are in W/(m^2 um sr). Additional data are provided including quality flags, error estimates and calibration data. Visible, shortwave infrared (SWIR), and Near Infrared (NIR) measurements are made during daytime only, while radiances for Thermal Infrared (TIR) are measured continuously. As its parent, the MOD02SSH is in HDF-EOS format, and all metadata structures and names are preserved for better convenience. However, some relevant changes are made where appropriate (e.g., the dimension mappings are updated to reflect the new one-to-one correspondence between the data and geolocations). The latter is one of the most important differences: in the MOD02SSH, there is no offset between data and geolocation pixels. The spatial coverage is almost similar to that from MOD021KM (nominally it is 2330 by 2030 km, cross-track by along-track, respectively). The MOD02SSH is produced continuously, and thus the processing provides 2-day repeat observations of the Earth with a repeat orbit pattern every 16 days.

Tags: earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-infrared-radiance, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-thermal-infrared, earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-visible-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance Daily L3 Global 500m SIN Grid

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) MCD43A4N, MODIS Combined Aqua and Terra Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectance is the daily L3 16-day composite global gridded tiled product in sinusoidal map projection that provides view angle corrected Nadir BRDF-Adjusted Reflectances (NBAR) at local solar noon for the 7 land bands, along with corresponding mandatory QA dataset. Additional information at MODIS Land Science Team https://modis-land.gsfc.nasa.gov/brdf.html

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-anisotropy
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Net Evapotranspiration Gap-Filled Yearly L4 Global 500m SIN Grid V061

The Terra Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MOD16A3GF Version 6.1 Evapotranspiration/Latent Heat Flux (ET/LE) product is a year-end gap-filled yearly composite dataset produced at 500 meter (m) pixel resolution. The algorithm used for the MOD16 data product collection is based on the logic of the Penman-Monteith equation, which includes inputs of daily meteorological reanalysis data along with MODIS remotely sensed data products such as vegetation property dynamics, albedo, and land cover. The MODIS MOD16A3GF will be generated at the end of each year when the entire yearly 8-day [MOD15A2H](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD15A2H.061) is available. Hence, the gap-filled MOD16A3GF is the improved MOD16, which has cleaned the poor-quality inputs from yearly Leaf Area Index and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation (LAI/FPAR) based on the Quality Control (QC) label for every pixel. If any LAI/FPAR pixel did not meet the quality screening criteria, its value is determined through linear interpolation. However, users cannot get MOD16A3GF in near-real time because it will be generated only at the end of a given year. Provided in the MOD16A3GF product are layers for composited ET, LE, Potential ET (PET), and Potential LE (PLE) along with a quality control layer. Two low resolution browse images, ET and LE, are also available for each MOD16A3GF granule. The pixel values for the two Evapotranspiration layers (ET and PET) are the sum for all days within the defined year, and the pixel values for the two Latent Heat layers (LE and PLE) are the average of all days within the defined year. Known Issues * Operational and uncertainty issues are provided under Section 3 in the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The product uses Climatology LAI/FPAR as back up to the operational LAI/FPAR.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evapotranspiration, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-photosynthesis, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-profiles-latent-heat-flux
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Aerosol Optical Depth Daily L2G Global 1km SIN Grid V061

The MCD19A2 Version 6.1 data product is a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra and Aqua combined Multi-angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Land Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) gridded Level 2 product produced daily at 1 kilometer (km) pixel resolution. The MCD19A2 product provides the atmospheric properties and view geometry used to calculate the MAIAC Land Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) or surface reflectance, MCD19A1 product. The MCD19A2 AOD data product contains the following Science Dataset (SDS) layers: blue band AOD at 0.47 µm, green band AOD at 0.55 µm, AOD uncertainty, fine mode fraction over water, column water vapor over land and clouds (in cm), smoke injection height (m above ground), AOD QA, AOD model at 1km, cosine of solar zenith angle, cosine of view zenith angle, relative azimuth angle, scattering angle, and glint angle at 5km. A low-resolution browse image is also included showing AOD of the blue band at 0.47 µm created using a composite of all available orbits. Each SDS layer within each MCD19A2 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file contains a third dimension that represents the number of orbit overpasses. This factor could affect the total number of bands for each SDS layer. Known Issues * Known issues are described in Section 6 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The MCD19 Version 6.1 products have added 250 m resolution bands. * The previous BRDF product (MCD19A3) was reported once every eight days and the new MCD19A3D is a daily product. * MCD19A3D introduces gap-filled NDVI and gap-filled 250 m NBAR. * Snow Fraction, Snow Fit, and Snow Grain size layers were moved from MCD19A1 to the MCD19A3D. * There are four additional Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) products: MCD19A1CMGL, MCD19A1GO, MCD19A2CMG, and MCD19A3CMG.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration