AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Predominance of CIN versus MSI in the development of rectal cancer at young age

Background
          Development of proximal and distal colorectal cancers involve partly different mechanisms associated with the microsatellite instability (MSI) and the chromosomal instability (CIN) pathways. Colorectal cancers in patients under 50 years of age represent about 5% of the total number of tumors and have been associated with an increased frequency of MSI tumors. However, MSI and CIN may play different roles in the development of colon cancer and rectal cancer, and we have specifically investigated their contribution to the development of rectal cancer at young age.
        
        
          Methods
          Thirty rectal cancers diagnosed before the age of 50 were characterized for DNA-ploidy, MSI, mutations of KRAS and CTNNB1 and immunohistochemical expression of p53, β-catenin and of the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MLH1 and MSH2.
        
        
          Results
          DNA aneuploidy was detected in 21/30 tumors, KRAS mutations in 6 tumors, no mutations of CTNNB1 were detected but immunohistochemical staining for β-catenin showed nuclear staining in 6 tumors, and immunohistochemical expression of p53 was detected in 18 tumors. MSI was detected in 3/30 tumors, all of which showed and immunohistochemical loss of staining for the MMR protein MSH2, which strongly indicates a phenotype associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC).
        
        
          Conclusions
          MSI occurs only in a small fraction of the tumors from young patients with rectal cancer, but when present it strongly indicates an underlying HNPCC-causing mutation, and other mechanisms than HNPCC thus cause rectal cancer in the majority of young patients.

Tags: cin-msi-pathways, microsatellite-instability, nih, rectal-cancer, young-adult-cancer
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Design of the Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Acute Stroke (IMAGES) trial [ISRCTN19943732]

The Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Acute Stroke (IMAGES) trial is a multicentre,randomised, placebo-controlled trial of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) funded by the UK Medical Research Council. When complete, it will be the largest single neuroprotective study undertaken to date. Conscious patients presenting within 12 h of acute stroke with limb weakness are eligible. The primary outcome measure is combined death and disability as measured using the Barthel Index at 90-day follow up. By randomizing 2700 patients, the study will have 84% power to detect a 5.5% absolute reduction in the primary end-point. By April 2000, 86 centres were participating, with representation in Canada, USA, Europe, South America, Singapore and Australia. So far, 1206 patients have been randomised, of whom 37% were treated within 6 h. Overall 3-month mortality was 20% and the primary outcome event rate was 43%. The study is ongoing and centres worldwide are encouraged to participate.

Tags: acute-ischemic-stroke, clinical-trial, magnesium-sulfate, nih, stroke-outcomes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Delaware (DE)

This report uses 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older for Delaware overall and for substate regions within Delaware. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: delaware, mental-health-indicators, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use-disorder
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 State Profile - North Carolina

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) annual report showing the state profile for North Carolina in 2012. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: n-ssats, north-carolina, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The DNA-repair protein AlkB, EGL-9, and leprecan define new families of 2-oxoglutarate- and iron-dependent dioxygenases

Background:
          Protein fold recognition using sequence profile searches frequently allows prediction of the structure and biochemical mechanisms of proteins with an important biological function but unknown biochemical activity. Here we describe such predictions resulting from an analysis of the 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenases, a class of enzymes that are widespread in eukaryotes and bacteria and catalyze a variety of reactions typically involving the oxidation of an organic substrate using a dioxygen molecule.
        
        
          Results:
          We employ sequence profile analysis to show that the DNA repair protein AlkB, the extracellular matrix protein leprecan, the disease-resistance-related protein EGL-9 and several uncharacterized proteins define novel families of enzymes of the 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase superfamily. The identification of AlkB as a member of the 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase superfamily suggests that this protein catalyzes oxidative detoxification of alkylated bases. More distant homologs of AlkB were detected in eukaryotes and in plant RNA viruses, leading to the hypothesis that these proteins might be involved in RNA demethylation. The EGL-9 protein from Caenorhabditis elegans is necessary for normal muscle function and its inactivation results in resistance against paralysis induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa toxin. EGL-9 and leprecan are predicted to be novel protein hydroxylases that might be involved in the generation of substrates for protein glycosylation.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          Here, using sequence profile searches, we show that several previously undetected protein families contain 2OG-Fe(II) oxygenase fold. This allows us to predict the catalytic activity for a wide range of biologically important, but biochemically uncharacterized proteins from eukaryotes and bacteria.

Tags: alkb-protein, dioxygenase-enzymes, dna-repair, nih, protein-fold-recognition
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Are statins anti-inflammatory?

Large scale clinical trials demonstrate significant reductions in cardiovascular event rates with statin therapy. The observed benefit of statin therapy, however, may be larger in these trials than that expected on the basis of lipid lowering alone. Emerging evidence from both clinical trials and basic science studies suggest that statins have anti-inflammatory properties, which may additionally lead to clinical efficacy. Measurement of markers of inflammation such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein in addition to lipid parameters may help identify those patients who will benefit most from statin therapy.

Tags: anti-inflammatory-effects, c-reactive-protein, cardiovascular-events, nih, statin-therapy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Colorado

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The SWIRM domain: a conserved module found in chromosomal proteins points to novel chromatin-modifying activities

Using computational sequence-profile analysis methods, a previously uncharacterized, predicted α-helical domain of about 85 residues was identified in chromosomal proteins such as Swi3p, Rsc8p, Moira and several other uncharacterized proteins. This module, termed the SWIRM domain, is predicted to mediate specific protein-protein interactions in the assembly of chromatin-protein complexes.

Tags: chromatin-modification, chromosomal-proteins, nih, protein-interactions, swirm-domain
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Almost Half of American Indian and Alaska Native Adult Substance Abuse Treatment Admissions Are Referred through the Criminal Justice System

This Data Spotlight based on the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) for 2010 presents the differences between sources of referral to substance abuse treatment for adult American Indians and Alaska Natives compared to persons of other races.

Tags: american-indian-alaska-native, criminal-justice-referral, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Washington (WA)

This report uses 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older for Washington overall and for substate regions within Washington. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: mental-health-indicators, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use-disorder, washington-state
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Current practices in managing acutely disturbed patients at three hospitals in Rio de Janeiro-Brazil: a prevalence study

Background
          The medical management of aggressive and violent behaviour is a critical situation for which there is little evidence. In order to prepare for a randomised trial, due to start in the psychiatric emergency rooms of Rio de Janeiro in 2001, a survey of current practice was necessary.
        
        
          Methods
          A seven day survey of pharmacological management of aggressive people with psychosis in the emergency rooms of all four public psychiatric hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
        
        
          Results
          In one hospital data were not available. Of the 764 people with psychosis attending these ERs, 74 were given IM medication for rapid tranquillisation (9.7%, 2.1/week/100,000). A haloperidol-promethazine mix (with or without other drugs) was used for the majority of patients (83%).
        
        
          Conclusion
          The haloperidol-promethazine mix, given intramuscularly for rapid tranquilization, is prevalent in Rio, where it is considered both safe and efficient. However, scientific evaluation of all pharmacological approaches to rapid tranquilization of psychotic people is inadequate or incomplete and a randomized trial of IM haloperidol-promethazine is overdue.

Tags: acute-agitation, antipsychotic-medication, emergency-psychiatry, nih, rapid-tranquilization
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Undergraduate medical education: Thoughts on future challenges

Background
          There is considerable uncertainty about the future of undergraduate medical education in the face of several important challenges. This paper highlights many of the complexities of the challenges facing medical school leadership today.
        
        
          Discussion
          A major challenge facing medical education in the United States is the erosion of the clinical environment, the loss of clinical revenues and all its attendant consequences, including pressures for increased faculty productivity in an environment that is increasingly managed. These pressures have squeezed the time for teaching out of the system. Another challenge is how to incorporate all the new and emergent domains of knowledge into the existing curriculum. There is also a need to incorporate technological advancements into the delivery of teaching.
        
        
          Summary
          Undergraduate medical education in the United States must respond to a multitude of challenges if it is to remain vibrant in the 21st century.

Tags: clinical-training, curriculum-development, faculty-productivity, medical-education, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
TEDS 2001-2011 State Admissions

This report presents data from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) by Census division and State or jurisdiction for admissions in 2011, and trend data for 2001 to 2011. It provides information on the demographic and substance abuse characteristics of admissions to treatment aged 12 and older for abuse of alcohol and/or drugs in facilities that report to individual State administrative data systems.

Tags: alcohol-drug-abuse, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-admissions, treatment-episodes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 19. 2011-2012 NSDUH Illicit Drug Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State

Table 19. Illicit Drug Dependence in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2011 and 2012 NSDUHs. Results are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: age-groups, drug-dependence, samhsa, state-level-data, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Facilities - 1987

The National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Abuse Treatment Programs 1987 lists federal, state, local, and private facilities that provide substance abuse treatment services. The directory includes treatment facilities that are licensed, certified, or otherwise approved for inclusion in the directory by their state substance abuse agencies and that responded to the 1986 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS). The information about each facility that appears in this directory was provided by that facility in response to the 1986 N-SSATS. The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) conducts the N-SSATS annually.

Tags: 1986-n-ssats, alcohol-abuse-treatment, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
NSDUH 2012 Methodological Resource Book

This Methodological Resource Book (MRB) is intended to serve as documentation of survey materials and methodology associated with the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The MRB includes details associated with data collection and processing, including sampling, instrument testing and development, weighting, imputation, and statistical analyses and inferences.

Tags: data-collection, samhsa, statistical-analysis, substance-use, survey-methodology
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
NSDUH 2018 Editing and Imputation Report

This report focuses on the editing and statistical imputation procedures that were applied to respondent data for the 2018 NSDUH. Logical editing uses data from elsewhere within the same respondent's record to reduce the occurrence of missing or ambiguous data or to resolve inconsistencies between related variables. Imputation is defined as the replacement of missing values with valid, nonmissing values. Statistical imputation usually involves some randomness to preserve the natural variability in the data.

Tags: data-editing, data-imputation, missing-data, samhsa, statistical-methods
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Drug Misuse or Abuse-Related Emergency Department Visits Involving Nonmedical Use of Pharmaceuticals Vary by Gender among Older Adolescents

This Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) spotlight is about emergency department visits involving nonmedical use of phamaceuticals by gender among older adolescents age 12 to 17 from year 2010.

Tags: adolescent-health, drug-abuse, emergency-department, pharmaceutical-misuse, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Assessment of Equine Autoimmune Thrombocytopenia (EAT) by flow cytometry

Rationale
          Thrombocytopenia is a platelet associated process that occurs in human and animals as result of i) decreased production; ii) increased utilization; iii) increased destruction coupled to the presence of antibodies, within a process know as immune-mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT); or iv) platelet sequestration. Thus, the differentiation of the origin of IMT and the development of reliable diagnostic approaches and methodologies are important in the clarification of IMT pathogenesis. Therefore, there is a growing need in the field for easy to perform assays for assessing platelet morphological characteristics paired with detection of platelet-bound IgG.
        
        
          Objectives
          This study is aimed to develop and characterize a single color flow cytometric assay for detection of platelet-bound IgG in horses, in combination with flow cytometric assessment of platelet morphological characteristics.
        
        
          Findings
          The FSC and SSC evaluation of the platelets obtained from the thrombocytopenic animals shows several distinctive features in comparison to the flow cytometric profile of platelets from healthy animals. The thrombocytopenic animals displayed i) increased number of platelets with high FSC and high SSC, ii) a significant number of those gigantic platelets had strong fluorescent signal (IgG bound), iii) very small platelets or platelet derived microparticles were found significantly enhanced in one of the thrombocytopenic horses, iv) significant numbers of these microplatelet/microparticles/platelet-fragments still carry very high fluorescence.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This study describes the development and characterization of an easy to perform, inexpensive, and noninvasive single color flow cytometric assay for detection of platelet-bound IgG, in combination with flow cytometric assessment of platelet morphological characteristics in horses.

Tags: autoimmune-disease, equine-thrombocytopenia, flow-cytometry, nih, platelet-igg
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 State Profile - Mississippi

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) annual report showing the state profile for Mississippi in 2012. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: mississippi, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
New York (NY)

This report uses 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older for New York overall and for substate regions within New York. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: mental-health-indicators, nsduh-data, ny-behavioral-health, samhsa, substance-use-disorder
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Oklahoma

2014 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Oklahoma. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, oklahoma, outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Major genomic mitochondrial lineages delineate early human expansions

Background
          The phylogeographic distribution of human mitochondrial DNA variations allows a genetic approach to the study of modern Homo sapiens dispersals throughout the world from a female perspective. As a new contribution to this study we have phylogenetically analysed complete mitochondrial DNA(mtDNA) sequences from 42 human lineages, representing major clades with known geographic assignation.
        
        
          Results
          We show the relative relationships among the 42 lineages and present more accurate temporal calibrations than have been previously possible to give new perspectives as how modern humans spread in the Old World.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The first detectable expansion occurred around 59,000–69,000 years ago from Africa, independently colonizing western Asia and India and, following this southern route, swiftly reaching east Asia. Within Africa, this expansion did not replace but mixed with older lineages detectable today only in Africa. Around 39,000–52,000 years ago, the western Asian branch spread radially, bringing Caucasians to North Africa and Europe, also reaching India, and expanding to north and east Asia. More recent migrations have entangled but not completely erased these primitive footprints of modern human expansions.

Tags: human-migration, mitochondrial-dna, nih, phylogeography, population-genetics
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 State Profile — Texas

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing state profiles for Texas in 2011. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, texas, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Publications Using SAMHSA DataTable 10. Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2010 and 2011 NSDUHs

This report presents State estimates for measures of past month binge alcohol use based on the combined 2010 and 2011 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Resuts are provided by age group.

Tags: alcohol-use, binge-drinking, nsduh, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services