AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Chang SSM/I Derived Monthly Rain Indices 5 x 5 degree V2.3 (RAIN_CHANG) at GES DISC

These data are transitioned to a state of permanent preservation. They are available upon request.
More advanced datasets have been developed since. 
One recommended replacement is the GPCP (doi: 10.5067/DBVUO4KQHXTK) product developed under the MEaSUREs project.

Futhermore, the NASA Precipitation Measurement Missions Project released newly processed SSM/I datasets as output from the GPROF (Goddard Profiling Algorithm).
(doi: 10.5067/GPM/SSMI/F11/GPROFCLIM/2A/05, 10.5067/GPM/SSMI/F11/GPROFCLIM/3A-MONTH/05, 10.5067/GPM/SSMI/F11/GPROFCLIM/3A-DAY/05)


The "RAIN_CHANG" SSM/I Derived Oceanic Monthly Rainfall Indices data set was an early Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) product. Monthly rainfall indices over the oceans were derived from Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellites F8 and F11, on channels 19 and 22 V. The data set covered the period from July 1987 to December 1995.
      
      The monthly rainfall indices are on a 5 degree by 5 degree grid extending from 50 N to 50 S. The Wilheit, Chang and Chiu (1991) method used to derive the indices gives valid values only over ocean areas. Land pixels (including island pixels) and erroneous pixels return a -10 flag. The data are stored on a 72 x 20 grid. Grid point (1,1) contains the index for 45-50 N, 0-5 E, grid point (2,1) contains the index for 45-50 N, 5-10 E, ... and grid point (72,20) contains the index for 45-50 S, 175-180 W.
      
      In the data set, each month starts with an ASCII header to identify the year and month. The data is in 10F8.1 format. Each value is the average of AM and PM estimates and corrected for beam filling error. The equation used is: (AM PM)/2.0 * 1.8. Land pixels are set to -10.0. Also there are 33 pixels blocked out due to island contamination (-10.0). If the rain retrieval did not converge, a -10.0 is assigned to the pixel.
      
     The objective of this data set was to provide a long term monthly rainfall data set to be used in EOS global change and GEWEX related research.

Tags: atmosphere, earth-science, precipitation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NASA 3D Models: CALIPSO

The Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) satellite provides new insight into the role that clouds and atmospheric aerosols (airborne particles) play in regulating Earth's weather, climate, and air quality.

Tags: 3d-model, a-train, calipso, eoss, eyes-on-the-earth-3d, eyes-on-the-solar-system, satellite, spacecraft
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
UARS PEM Level 2 VMAG DC V001 (UARPE2VMAGDC) at GES DISC

The Particle Environment Monitor (PEM) level 2 Vector Magnetometer (VMAG) DC daily product contains the Vector Magnetic Field component, UARS Aspect Magnetometers component, and UARS Torquer Bars component data converted to nanoTesla and milliAmp units. PEM was flown on the UARS spacecraft to measure the type, amount, energy, and distribution of charged particles injected into the Earth's thermosphere, mesosphere, and stratosphere.

The VMAG DC data range is from -65000 nT to +65000 nT, with 2 nT resolution. Measurements were from the three vector components, X, Y, and Z with respect to the UARS spacecraft orientation. The VMAG sensor consists of three orthogonal ring-core fluxgate sensors, surrounded by a thermal sphere. Stray magnetic fields from the spacecraft can be accounted for by use of the UARS torquer bar currents. The VMAG unit is located on the zenith boom of UARS. The UARS aspect magnetometers and torquer bars are located on the body of the UARS spacecraft.

There is one data file per day for the PEM VMAG DC product, and the temporal coverage is from Oct. 1, 1991 to Aug. 23, 2005. Spatial coverage for the VMAG DC product ranges between -57 and +57 degrees latitude. The VMAG DC data files are written in network binary format. For more information please review the PEM VMAG DC data format guide.

Tags: earth-science, ionosphere-magnetosphere-dynamics, sun-earth-interactions
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Autonomous Parsivel Unit (APU) IMPACTS V1

The Autonomous Parsivel Unit (APU) IMPACTS data were collected in support of the Investigation of Microphysics and Precipitation for Atlantic Coast-Threatening Snowstorms (IMPACTS) campaign. The IMPACTS field campaign addressed providing observations critical to understanding the mechanisms of snowband formation, organization, and evolution, examining how the microphysical characteristics and likely growth mechanisms of snow particles vary across snowbands, and improving snowfall remote sensing interpretation and modeling to significantly advance prediction capabilities. This dataset consists of precipitation data including precipitation amount, precipitation rate, reflectivity in Rayleigh regime, liquid water content, drop diameter, and drop concentration. Data are available in ASCII format from January 15, 2020 through February 29, 2020.

Tags: atmosphere, earth-science, precipitation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C Precision

Spaceborne Imaging Radar-C/X-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SIR-C/X-SAR) is a joint project of the National Aeronautics and  Space Administration (NASA), the German Space Agency, Deutsche Agentur fur Raumfahrtangfelegenheiten (DARA), and the Italian Space Agency, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI).  An imaging radar system launched aboard the NASA Space Shuttle twice in 1994, SIR-C/X-SAR's unique contributions to Earth observation and monitoring are its capability to measure, from space, the radar signature of the surface at three different wavelengths and to make measurements for different polarizations at two of those wavelengths.  The SIR-C image data help scientists understand the physics behind some of the phenomena seen in radar images at just one wavelength/polarization, such as those produced by SeaSAT.  Investigators on the SIR-C/X-SAR Science team use the radar image data to make measurements of vegetation type, extent and deforestation, soil moisture content, ocean dynamics, wave and surface wind speeds and directions, volcanism and tectonic activity, and soil erosion and desertification. The SIR-C provides multi-frequency,  multi-polarization radar data.The SIR-C instrument is composed of several subsystems:  an antenna array, a transmitter, receivers, a data-handling subsystem, and a ground SAR processor.  The data are processed into images with selectable resolution from 10 to 200 meters.  The width of the area mapped by the radar varies from 15 to 90 kilometers, depending on how   the radar is operated and on the direction in which the antenna beams are pointing.  Data from SIR-C/X-SAR are used to develop automatic techniques for extracting information from radar image data.

Tags: biosphere, earth-science, land-surface, radar, soils, spectral-engineering, topography, vegetation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
THIR/Nimbus-6 Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 11.5 microns V001 (THIRN6L1CH115) at GES DISC

THIRN6L1CH115 is the Nimbus-6 Temperature-Humidity Infrared Radiometer (THIR) Level 1 Meteorological Radiation Data at 11.5 microns product and contains radiances expressed in units of equivalent brightness temperature measured in the 10.5 - 12.5 (11.5) micron channel. The data, originally written on IBM 360 machines, were recovered from magnetic tapes, also referred to as Nimbus Meteorological Radiation Tapes (NMRT-THIR). The data are archived in their original IBM 36-bit word proprietary format, also referred to as a binary TAP file.

The Nimbus-6 satellite was successfully launched on June 18, 1975. The THIR experiment on Nimbus-6 continued the measurements made by its predecessors flown on Nimbus-4 and Nimbus-5. The THIR instrument is a two channel high resolution scanning radiometer designed to perform two major functions:

1) The 11.5 micron channel provides both day and night cloud top or surface temperatures, with a resolution at nadir of 8 km, and operates day and night.
2) The 6.7 micron channel gives information on the water vapor content of the upper troposphere and stratosphere and the location of jet streams and frontal systems, with a resolution at nadir of 22 km, and operates mostly at night.

The THIR Principal Investigator was Andrew W. McCulloch from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00125 (old ID 75-052A-12C).

Tags: earth-science, infrared-wavelengths, spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NOAA-20 VIIRS Level-3 Global Binned 11µm Daytime Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Data, version R2024.0

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011.  JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).  S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation.  VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm.  There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science, ocean-temperature, oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Autonomous Decision Making for Planetary Rovers Using Diagnostic and Prognostic Information

Rover missions typically involve visiting a set of predetermined waypoints to perform science functions, such as sample collection. Given the communication delay between Earth and the rover, and the possible occurrence of faults, an autonomous decision making system is essential to ensure that the rover maximizes the scientific operations performed without damaging itself further or stalling. This paper presents a modular software architecture for autonomous decision making for rover operations that uses diagnostic and prognostic information to influence mission planning and decision making to maximize the completion of mission objectives. The decision making system consists of separate modules that perform the functions of control, diagnosis, prognosis, and decision making.We demonstrate our implementation of this architecture on a simulated rover testbed.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
UAVSAR Global Hawk POLSAR Project

&lt;p&gt;
	Integrate the UAVSAR L-band radar to the Global Hawk UAV Bay 25&lt;br /&gt;
	Provide long range (~ 9000 nmi) to enable data collection of distant areas of interest without complicated deployments&lt;br /&gt;
	Study the ability of the Global Hawk to accommodate UAVSAR &amp;ldquo;Mini-Pods&amp;rdquo; under each wing to enable precision topographic maps and single pass polarimetric interferometry (SPI) providing vertical structure of ice and vegetation.&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: active, nasa-headquarters, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Development of a Low Mass, Low Power Deformable Mirror with Integrated Drive Electronics Project

&lt;p&gt;
	&amp;quot;Deformable mirrors (DM) are key to achieving high contrast for any mission to image expolanets. Currently Northrup Grumman Xinetics is the only viable source for high-contrast capable deformable mirrors. This proposal will help to develop a deformable mirror with integrated driver electronics, eliminating traditional bulky external driver electronics and the associated cabling. The DM will have reduced mass and volume and will consume less power than traditional DMs. In addition to the reduced mass and volume, the approach incorporates a number of innovations to improve overall DM performance. The actuator uses single crystal giant-piezos offering up to 10 times the energy density of conventional ceramics, and a force-focused and cantilevered configuration to maximize the transducers energy efficiency in generating mirror motions. In addition, it utilizes a bulk micromachining process for DM fabrication in order to create a single crystal architecture at low cost and with a high optical quality surface figure. When fully developed, the DMs are expected to have large stroke (8-um), low-voltage (~40V), low weight, fast rise time (10 microseconds) and low manufacturing cost. Our price/performance goal is 10,000 actuators with a 10 kHz framing rate for $40k. The technology is scalable from hundreds of actuators to millions of actuators. Microscale delivered a first generation DM to JPL under an SBIR grant in early March 2011. This first generation DM driver was delivered with a simple Microchip-based serial interface from the ASIC to a control computer, and detailed documentation on the ASIC interface protocol. JPL will develop an FPGA high-speed ASIC/computer interface, one capable of operating the DM at its full frame rate. Once the high-speed DM driver is complete, JPL will characterize the delivered 32x32 DM in the lab. We will measure the frame rate of the DM, actuator response speed, maximum stroke, go to positioning accuracy, number of dead ac&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: active, jet-propulsion-laboratory, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Images

Images for the website main pages and all configurations.
The upload and access points for the other images are:
<center><h1><font color="#DF01A5><a href="https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/resources/836/" > Website Template </a> </font></h1> </center>

<center><h1><font color="#DF01A5><a href="https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/resources/837/" > 
RSW images </a> </font></h1> </center>

<center><h1><font color="#DF01A5><a href="https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/resources/838/" > BSCW Images </a> </font></h1> </center>

<center><h1><font color="#DF01A5><a href="https://c3.nasa.gov/dashlink/resources/839/" > HIRENASD Images </a> </font></h1> </center>

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-3B OLCI Level-3B Global Binned Earth-observation Reduced Resolution (ERR) Remote-Sensing Reflectance (RRS) - Near Real-time (NRT) Data, version R2022.0

The Ocean Biology DAAC produces near real-time (quicklook) products using the best-available combination of ancillary data from meteorological and ozone data. As such, the inputs and the calibration used are less than optimal. Quicklook products provide a snapshot of the data during a short time period within a single orbit.

Tags: atmosphere, atmospheric-radiation, earth-science, ocean-optics, oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sounding rocket payload systems for in-situ measurements of ionosphere-thermosphere structure at small spatial scales Project

&lt;p&gt;
	The methodology developed under this grant is primarily an effort to develop new sub-payload technologies and an inexpensive method of testing them. The three technical goals are: (1) to improve and test the existing spring sub-payload ejection system and rocket propelled ejection system, (2) to test the performance of ampule-deployed radar chaff (rather than TMA) to track high altitude winds, and (3) to develop and test sensor and telemetry packages to monitor the attitude stability and position of deployed sub-payloads.&amp;nbsp; The proposed effort will also demonstrate very low cost, low altitude rockets as an inexpensive flight test of payloads prior to expensive sounding rocket deployments. The payloads tested on 5 to 7 low-cost rockets will be (1) foil chaff designed for radar tracking of mesospheric winds, (2) plasma instruments composed of GPS monitors, magnetometers, and accelerometers, and (3) android phones for the investigation of off-the-shell instrumentation and telemetry.&amp;nbsp; Finally, a campaign of 2 to 4 sounding rocket deployments on &amp;lsquo;as-available&amp;rsquo; flights from Poker Flats will be used to test spring ejection without spin up, spring ejection with spin up for sub-payload attitude control, and rocket ejection&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: active, project, wallops-flight-facility
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Leading Edge Aeronautics Research for NASA Project

&lt;p&gt;The LEARN Project explores the creation of novel concepts and processes with the potential to create new capabilities in aeronautics research through awards to the external community including university and industry teams. The LEARN Project incorporates a competitive review process of the external teams&amp;rsquo; proposals to develop integrated solutions for complex technical problems captured in the ARMD strategic thrusts, followed by short duration activities for feasibility assessment. Follow-on phases of the most promising ideas are also funded. LEARN also utilizes challenges and prizes to the external community.&amp;nbsp; With these processes, NASA funds also help catalyze investments from the aerospace and non-aerospace communities toward solving problems aligned with NASA interests.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The NASA Aeronautics Research Institute (NARI) has been established to achieve the LEARN Project&amp;rsquo;s goals.&amp;nbsp; NARI will complement other ARMD efforts in seeking early-stage innovative concepts applicable to a broad spectrum of aeronautical challenges in the nation&amp;rsquo;s air transportation system by sponsoring research solicitations and by hosting future competitive challenges. The Institute will coordinate these efforts and communicate the outcome of the research conducted to interested parties both internal and external to NASA. ARMD&amp;rsquo;s goal is to mature the new concepts in order to infuse them into current ARMD research programs, to enable new avenues of aeronautics research that are not currently supported by ARMD program and project funds, or to achieve practical application by the aeronautics community.&lt;/p&gt;

Tags: active, ames-research-center, learn, project
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Ensemble Data Mining Methods

Ensemble Data Mining Methods, also known as Committee Methods or Model Combiners, are machine learning methods that leverage the power of multiple models to achieve better prediction accuracy than any of the individual models could on their own. The basic goal when designing an ensemble is the same as when establishing a committee of people: each member of the committee should be as competent as possible, but the members should be complementary to one another. If the members are not complementary, i.e., if they always agree, then the committee is unnecessary---any one member is sufficient. If the members are complementary, then when one or a few members make an error, the probability is high that the remaining members can correct this error. Research in ensemble methods has largely revolved around designing ensembles consisting of competent yet complementary models.

Tags: ames, dashlink, nasa
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SatCORPS CERES GEO Edition 4 Meteosat-10 Southern Hemisphere Version 1.0

CER_GEO_Ed4_MET10_SH_V01 is the Satellite Cloud and Radiation Property retrieval System (SatCORPS) Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Geostationary Satellite (GEO) Edition 4 Meteosat-10 over the Southern Hemisphere (SH) Version 1.0 data product. Data was collected using the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) Instrument on the Meteosat-10 platform. Data collection for this product is complete.

This data set comprises cloud micro-physical and radiation properties derived hourly from Meteosat-10 geostationary satellite imager data using the Langley Research Center (LARC) SATCORPS algorithms supporting the CERES project. Each active geostationary satellite's cloud micro-physical and radiation properties are merged to create hourly global cloud properties that estimate fluxes between CERES instrument measurements to account for the changing diurnal cycle. The data set is arranged as files for each hour and in netCDF-4 format. The observations are at 3 km resolution (at nadir) and are sub-sampled to 9 km.

CERES is a key Earth Observing System (EOS) program component. The CERES instruments provide radiometric measurements of the Earth's atmosphere from three broadband channels. The CERES missions follow the successful Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) mission. The first CERES instrument, the protoflight model (PFM), was launched on November 27, 1997, as part of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). Two CERES instruments (FM1 and FM2) were launched into polar orbit on board the Earth Observing System (EOS) flagship Terra on December 18, 1999. Two additional CERES instruments (FM3 and FM4) were launched on board Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua on May 4, 2002. The CERES FM5 instrument was launched on board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite on October 28, 2011. The newest CERES instrument (FM6) was launched on board the Joint Polar-Orbiting Satellite System 1 (JPSS-1) satellite, now called NOAA-20, on November 18, 2017.

Tags: atmosphere, clouds, earth-science
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Suomi-NPP VIIRS Level-3 Global Mapped Triple-window Sea Surface Temperature (SST3) Data, version R2016.2

The Visible and Infrared Imager/Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a multi-disciplinary instrument that is being flown on the Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) series of spacecraft, including the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (S-NPP) that launched in October 2011. JPSS is a multi-platform, multi-agency program that consolidates the polar orbiting spacecraft of NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). S-NPP is the initial spacecraft in this series, and VIIRS is the successor to MODIS for Earth science data product generation. VIIRS has 22 spectral bands ranging from 412 nm to 12 nm. There are 16 moderate-resolution bands (750m at nadir), 5 image-resolution bands (375m), and one day-night band (DNB).

Tags: earth-science, ocean-temperature, oceans
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
High Mountain Asia Glacier Thickness Change Mosaics from Multi-Sensor DEMs V001

This data set contains thickness change mosaics that include approximately 650 Himalayan glaciers between 1975 and 2000, and 1040 Himalayan glaciers between 2000 and 2016. The data were derived from HEXAGON KH-9 and ASTER digital elevation models (DEMs), by fitting robust linear trends to time series of elevation pixels over the glacier surfaces.

Tags: cryosphere, earth-science, glaciers-ice-sheets, national-geospatial-data-asset, ngda
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration