AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Soil Moisture Release Data (FIFE)

This data product was created based on the hypothesis that a variety of ground truth observations of soil moisture could be combined to estimate equal soil moisture contours across a large area (e.g., the FIFE area). A second stage required interpolating from these contours, using the methods of spatial statistics, to average soil moisture values at the nodes of a uniform grid. The grid node values in this product represent the average soil moisture of a 0.5 km x 0.5 km area centered at the node location. The correlation area method (CAM) was used to combine in situ measurements and airborne gamma remote sensing estimates to obtain areal averages of soil moisture. Information on biomass and the spatial distribution of vegetation in a model was also used to estimate soil moisture from PBMR measurements. Another simple method, using only ground soil moisture data, was also used to compute soil moisture from the PBMR measurements. All soil moisture data collected from the aircraft platforms and ground measurements were entered into the ARC/INFO GIS along with the UTM coordinates of each observation. All available and usable measurements of soil moisture were considered in an analysis that produced isolines of soil moisture.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-compaction, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Organic Carbon Estimates and Uncertainty at 1-m Depth across Mexico, 1999-2009

This dataset provides an estimate of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the top one meter of soil across Mexico at a 90-m resolution for the period 1999-2009. Carbon estimates (kg/m2) are based on a field data collection of 2852 soil profiles by the National Institute for Statistics and Geography (INEGI). The profile data were used for the development of a predictive model along with a set of environmental covariates that were harmonized in a regular grid of 90x90 m2 across all Mexican states. The base of reference was the digital elevation model (DEM) of the INEGI at 90-m spatial resolution. A model ensemble of regression trees with a recursive elimination of variables explained 54% of the total variability using a cross-validation technique of independent samples. The error associated with the predictive model estimates of SOC is provided. A summary of the total estimated SOC per state, statistical description of the modeled SOC data, and the number of pixels modeled for each state are also provided.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon-soil-organic-carbon-soc, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-depth
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Organic Carbon Stock Estimates with Uncertainty across Latin America

This dataset provides 5 x 5 km gridded estimates of soil organic carbon (SOC) across Latin America that were derived from existing point soil characterization data and compiled environmental prediction factors for SOC. This dataset is representative for the period between 1980 to 2000s corresponding with the highest density of observations available in the WoSIS system and the covariates used as prediction factors for soil organic carbon across Latin America. SOC stocks (kg/m2) were estimated for the SOC and bulk density point measurements and a spatially explicit measure of the SOC estimation error was also calculated. A modeling ensemble, using a linear combination of five statistical methods (regression Kriging, random forest, kernel weighted nearest neighbors, partial least squared regression and support vector machines) was applied to the SOC stock data at (1) country-specific and (2) regional scales to develop gridded SOC estimates (kg/m2) for all of Latin America. Uncertainty estimates are provided for the two model predictions based on independent model residuals and their full conditional response to the SOC prediction factors.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-organic-matter, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-bulk-density, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-texture
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Organic Carbon and Wetland Intrinsic Potential, Hoh River Watershed, WA, 2012-13

This dataset contains estimates of soil organic carbon stocks and wetland intrinsic potential (WIP) across the Hoh River Watershed in the Olympic Peninsula, WA, USA in 2012-2013. Estimates were derived from an equation based on wetland intrinsic potential and geology type (Stewart et al., 2023). Wetland intrinsic potential estimates the likelihood that that an area is a wetland using a random forest model built on vegetation, hydrology, and soil data (Halabisky et al., 2022). SOC estimates at 1 m and 30 cm, SOC standard deviations, and WIP are presented in Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF (*.tif) format at 4-m resolution. Also included are 36 field observations of SOC collected from 2020-08-01 to 2022-06-29. These are contained in a comma separated (*.csv) file.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-wetlands, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon-soil-organic-carbon-soc
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Moisture Profiles and Temperature Data from SoilSCAPE Sites, USA

This data set contains in-situ soil moisture profile and soil temperature data collected at 20-minute intervals at SoilSCAPE (Soil moisture Sensing Controller and oPtimal Estimator) project sites in four states (California, Arizona, Oklahoma, and Michigan) in the United States. SoilSCAPE used wireless sensor technology to acquire high temporal resolution soil moisture and temperature data at up to 12 sites over varying durations since August 2011. At its maximum, the network consisted of over 200 wireless sensor installations (nodes), with a range of 6 to 27 nodes per site. The soil moisture sensors (EC-5 and 5-TM from Decagon Devices) were installed at three to four depths, nominally at 5, 20, and 50 cm below the surface. Soil conditions (e.g., hard soil or rocks) may have limited sensor placement. Temperature sensors were installed at 5 cm depth at six of the sites. Data collection started in August 2011 and continues at eight sites through the present. The data enables estimation of local-scale soil moisture at high temporal resolution and validation of remote sensing estimates of soil moisture at regional (airborne, e.g. NASA's Airborne Microwave Observation of Subcanopy and Subsurface Mission - AirMOSS) and national (spaceborne, e.g. NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive - SMAP) scales.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
STRAT Balloonsondes and Ozonesondes Data

STRAT_Sondes_Data is the balloonsonde and ozonesonde data collected during the Stratospheric Tracers of Atmospheric Transport (STRAT) campaign. Data collection for this product is complete. The STRAT campaign was a field campaign conducted by NASA from May 1995 to February 1996. The primary goal of STRAT was to collect measurements of the change of long-lived tracers and functions of altitude, latitude, and season. These measurements were taken to aid with determining rates for global-scale transport and future distributions of high-speed civil transport (HSCT) exhaust that was emitted into the lower atmosphere. STRAT had four main objectives: defining the rate of transport of trace gases from the stratosphere and troposphere (i.e., HSCT exhaust emissions), improving the understanding of dynamical coupling rates for transport of trace gases between tropical regions and higher latitudes and lower altitudes (between tropical regions, higher latitudes, and lower altitudes are where most ozone resides), improving understanding of chemistry in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere, and finally, providing data sets for testing two-dimensional and three-dimensional models used in assessments of impacts from stratospheric aviation. To accomplish these objectives, the STRAT Science Team conducted various surface-based remote sensing and in-situ measurements. NASA flew the ER-2 aircraft along with balloons such as ozonesondes and radiosondes just below the tropopause in the Northern Hemisphere to collect data. Along with the ER-2 and balloons, NASA also utilized satellite imagery, theoretical models, and ground sites. The ER-2 collected data on HOx, NOy, CO2, ozone, water vapor, and temperature. The ER-2 also collected in-situ stratospheric measurements of N2O, CH4, CO, HCL, and NO using the Aircraft Laser Infrared Absorption Spectrometer (ALIAS). Ozonesondes and radiosondes were also deployed to collect data on CO2, NO/NOy, air temperature, pressure, and 3D wind. These balloons also took in-situ measurements of N2O, CFC-11, CH4, CO, HCL, and NO2 using the ALIAS. Ground stations were responsible for taking measurements of O3, ozone mixing ratio, pressure, and temperature. Satellites took infrared images of the atmosphere with the goal of aiding in completing STRAT objectives. Pressure and temperature models were created to help plan the mission.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-dew-point-temperature-dewp, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-static-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-speed
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Organic Carbon Estimates for 30-cm Depth, Mexico and Conterminous USA, 1991-2011

This dataset provides two sets of gridded estimates of estimated soil organic carbon (SOC) and associated uncertainties for 0-30 cm topsoil layer in kg SOC/m2 at 250-m resolution across Mexico and the conterminous USA (CONUS). The first set of gridded SOC estimates, for the period 1991-2010, were derived using multi-source SOC field data and multiple environmental variables representative of the soil forming environment coupled with a machine learning approach (i.e., simulated annealing) and regression tree ensemble modeling for optimized SOC prediction. Predictions of gridded SOC and uncertainty based on multiple bulk density (BD) pedotransfer functions (PFTs) are also included. The second set of gridded SOC estimates, for the period 2009-2011, were derived from two fully independent validation field datasets from across both countries. Note that the same environmental variables and modeling approach used for the first set of estimates were applied to the second set to assess the models' sensitivity to multiple SOC data sources. The SOC field data for the first set of estimates are provided in this dataset and the other data sources, including the two independent validation field datasets, are referenced.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon-soil-organic-carbon-soc, earth-science-soils-land-surface-organic-matter, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-bulk-density
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spectral Reflectance and Ancillary Data, Tundra Transect, North Slope, AK, 2000-2022

This dataset provides visible-near infrared spectral reflectance, descriptions of vegetation cover, surface temperature, the total fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR, 2001 only), permafrost active layer depth, elevation, and soil temperature at 5 cm depth. Measurements were made at every meter along a 100-m transect aligned mainly in an east-west direction, located approximately 300 m southeast of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Global Monitoring Laboratory (GML) baseline observatory near Utqiagvik, Alaska. Reflectance measurements were collected at nearly weekly intervals through the growing seasons of 2000 to 2002 to describe characteristics of green-up, peak growth, and senescence. Reflectance measurements were also collected once near peak growth in 2022. Ancillary measurements were collected at intervals through the 2001 and 2002 growing seasons.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-alpine-tundra, earth-science-infrared-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-reflected-infrared, earth-science-soils-land-surface-permafrost, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation-fraction-of-absorbed-pho, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Respiration Maps for the ABoVE Domain, 2016-2017

This dataset provides gridded estimates of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from soil respiration occurring within permafrost-affected tundra and boreal ecosystems of Alaska and Northwest Canada at a 300 m spatial resolution for the period 2016-08-18 to 2018-09-12. The estimates include monthly average CO2 flux (gCO2 C m-2 d-1), daily average CO2 flux and error estimates by season (Autumn, Winter, Spring, Summer), estimates of annual offset of CO2 uptake (i.e., vegetation GPP), annual budgets of vegetation gross primary productivity (GPP; gCO2 C m-2 yr-1), and the fraction of open (non-vegetated) water within each 300 m grid cell. Belowground sources of respiration (i.e., root and microbial) are included. The gridded soil CO2 estimates were obtained using seasonal Random Forest models, information from remote sensing, and a new compilation of in-situ soil CO2 flux from Soil Respiration Stations and eddy covariance towers. The flux tower data are provided along with daily gap-filled flux observations for each Soil Respiration station forced diffusion (FD) chamber record. The data cover the NASA ABoVE Domain.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-respiration, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-productivity-gross-primary-production-gpp
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Stream Flow Daily Data: USGS (FIFE)

The Daily Stream Flow Amounts Data Set contains daily measurements of stream flow for the four LTER stations and for the USGS stream-flow station located on tributaries to Kings Creek. This data set contains measurements from April 1979 to September 1988 for the USGS station, and from June 1985 to December 1987 for the 4 LTER stations. Five stream-flow gauges were placed across creeks in the Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) section of the FIFE study area. Four of these five stations were maintained and monitored by the LTER staff while the fifth was part of the USGS network of stream flow gauges. The V-throated flume and standpipes used at the LTER weirs operated on the principle that the height of the water level in a standpipe at a specific location within a weir of known dimensions can be converted to volume of water in the stream. The change of this instantaneous volume with time could then be used to compute volumetric stream flow. The stilling pipe installation at the USGS stations operates on the principle that the height of the water level in a standpipe at a specific location within a streambed can be converted to volume of water in the stream. The tracking of the change in stream height with time then enables the calculation of stream flow.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-discha, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-stage
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Water Prop. Derived Data (FIFE)

During the 1989 FIFE field campaign, measurements were made of soil moisture release parameters and hydraulic conductivity. Bulk density and soil moisture release data were collected at five FIFE sites representing the major soil types in the FIFE study area. These data were used to model the porosity, saturated water potential, and the b-factor (the exponent of the power curve function) following the method of Clapp and Hormberger (1978). These soil moisture characteristics can be used to describe plant-available water and water movement through soils.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-porosity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near-Real-Time (NRT) Radiance product band 4 (UVIS detector) L1B 5.5km x 3.5km V2 (S5P_L1B_RA_BD4_HiR_NRT) at GES DISC

The Sentinel-5P TROPOMI Near Real Time (NRT) Radiance product band 4 (UVIS detector) L1B 5.5km x 21km V2 (S5P_L1B_RA_BD4_HiR_NRT) product at GES DISC is the near real time version of the offline S5P_L1B_RA_BD4_HiR data product. These data are typically available within three hours of measurement as required by the Land Atmosphere NRT Capability Earth Observing System (LANCE). These data are intended for a rapid turnaround assessment and are only archived for up to ten days. Users who require a longer data record, or wish to conduct rigorous analysis should use the offline version of this product S5P_L1B_RA_BD4_HiR. The Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (Sentinel-5P or S5P) satellite mission is one of the European Space Agency's (ESA) new mission family - Sentinels, and it is a joint initiative between the Kingdom of the Netherlands and the ESA. The sole payload on Sentinel-5P is the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI), which is a nadir-viewing 108 degree Field-of-View push-broom grating hyperspectral spectrometer, covering the wavelength of ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS, 270nm to 495nm), near infrared (NIR, 675nm to 775nm), and shortwave infrared (SWIR, 2305nm-2385nm). TROPOMI Level-1B (L1B) product is generated by the Koninklijk Nederlands Meteoroligisch Instituut (KNMI) TROPOMI L01B processor from Level-0 input data and auxiliary data products with the netCDF-4 enhanced model. It provides users with radiance, irradiance, calibration and engineering products. Data are stored in individual files, or granules, that contain one orbit of information. The data are stored in netCDF4 data format and files and complete files are 0.650 GB.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-atmospheric-emitted-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-forcing, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-scattering, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-ultraviolet-radiation, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-flight-data-logs, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-orbital-characteristics, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-viewing-geometry, earth-science-sensor-characteristics-spectral-engineering-geolocation, earth-science-sensor-characteristics-spectral-engineering-viewing-geometry, earth-science-ultraviolet-wavelengths-spectral-engineering, earth-science-ultraviolet-wavelengths-spectral-engineering-ultraviolet-radiance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil temperatures at South Royalton, Vermont, USA, Version 1

This data set presents half-hourly measurements of soil temperatures at depths of 0 to 60 cm, together with meteorological data (air temperature, precipitation, pressure, relative humidity, wind speed/direction, solar radiation, longwave radiation) and snow depth. The data were collected in sandy loam soil at South Royalton, Vermont, between October 1989 and September 1993. The data document seasonal changes in soil temperature, including the development of a frozen layer and occasionally a transient thawed layer at the surface. Data are available via ftp.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-surface-pressure, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-soil-temperature, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-depth
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Thermal Conductivity Data (FIFE)

The purpose of the 1989 FIFE soil properties investigation was to obtain a description of the thermal properties of the soils within the FIFE study area. Soil thermal conductivity measurements describe the soil properties which govern the flow of heat through the soil. The thermal conductivity is defined as the quantity of heat that flows through a unit area in a unit time under a unit temperature gradient. These measurements were made using a hot wire probe in situ at two depths at twenty six FIFE sites during October 1987. The measurements were taken using a long electrically heated wire enclosed in a cylindrical probe . The probe is placed in the soil, the wire is heated by running a current through it, and the temperature rise is measured with a thermocouple placed next to the wire. A plot of temperature versus the log of time can be used to derive the thermal conductivity. The results may require a correction factor to account for the dimensions of the probe.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-thermal-conductivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Soil Temperature Station Data from Permafrost Regions of Russia (Selection of Five Stations), 1915 - 2000, Version 1

This data set includes soil temperature data from boreholes located at five stations in Russia: Yakutsk, Verkhoyansk, Pokrovsk, Isit', and Churapcha. The data have been compiled into five Microsoft Excel files, one for each station. Air temperature measured at these five stations was also included when available. This data set was compiled to go with a classroom learning activity called "How Permanent is Permafrost." To view the activity, see the PDF file of the same name under the General Resources section below. There are two different versions of the Excel files: a complete version and a subsetted version. Both versions exist for each of the five stations for a total of 10 files. The complete versions of the files contain borehole temperature data at all available standard depths: 0.2 m, 0.4 m, 0.6 m, 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.6 m, 2.0 m, 2.4 m, and 3.2 m. The subsetted versions of the files contain data from the 0.8 m and 3.2 m depths only. The complete version is more applicable to scientific investigation. The subset version is provided for K-12 teachers and is featured in the "How Permanent is Permafrost?" classroom activity.

Tags: earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-permafrost, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-soil-temperature, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration