AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Eddy Corr. Surface Flux: UK (FIFE)

Surface flux measurements were made at selected sites within the FIFE study area. Each surface flux station was capable of measuring the fluxes of net radiation, sensible heat, and latent heat. The Eddy Correlation Surface Flux Observations (UK) Data Set contains surface flux and micrometeorological measurements collected from one location in the southwest quadrant of the FIFE study area. This location was grazed and had a gentle downhill slope to the southwest. Data were collected daily from May 14 - October 18, 1987, and from July 21 - August 16, 1989. The output from the Hydra sensors is sampled at 10 Hz and processed in real time to give hourly averages of sensible and latent heat flux and the friction velocity. The hourly mean values of net radiation, temperature, and of vapor pressure, provided in this data are a synthesis of the best measurements available for this site. The temperature measurement provided here is the preferred value for this site. This temperature was used to calculate the fluxes and some standard deviations. This is necessary because the sonic anemometer has a slightly temperature dependent calibration. The average soil heat flux measured at 5 mm depth is a weighted average value over three sample positions with dense, medium and sparse vegetation. A vegetation survey was made to assign weights to these three classes at this site. The spatial variability in this measurement at this (over) grazed site is particularly high and the three individual sensors commonly measure soil heat fluxes differing by factors of two or three. Some evidence suggests these data are providing a measurement of this component of the energy budget for this site which is biased low. Presumably this is because the limited number of sensors inadequately samples the points with low canopy density for this sparse crop cover.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-carbon-and-hydrocarbon-compounds-atmospheric-car, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-agriculture-soil-temperature, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-heat-budget, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DSCOVR EPIC Level 3 PAR Image

DSCOVR_EPIC_L3_PAR-image_01 is a view image showing data from DSCOVR_EPIC_L3_PAR, which is the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) Level 3 photosynthetically available radiation (PAR) version 1 data product. The EPIC observations of the Earth’s surface lit by the Sun made 13 times during the day in spectral bands centered on 443, 551, and 680 nm are used to estimate daily mean PAR at the ice-free ocean surface. PAR is defined as the quantum energy flux from the Sun in the 400-700 nm range. Daily mean PAR is the 24-hour averaged planar flux in that spectral range reaching the surface. It is expressed in E.m-2.d-1 (Einstein per meter squared per day). The factor required to convert E.m-2 d-1 units to mW.cm-2.µm-1 units are equal to 0.838 to an inaccuracy of a few percent regardless of meteorological conditions. The EPIC daily mean PAR product is generated on Plate Carrée (equal-angle) grid with an 18.4 km resolution at the equator and on an 18.4 km equal-area grid, i.e., the product is compatible with Ocean Biology Processing Group ocean color products. The EPIC PAR algorithm uses a budget approach, in which the solar irradiance reaching the surface is obtained by subtracting from the irradiance arriving at the top of the atmosphere (known), the irradiance reflected space (estimated from the EPIC Level 1b radiance data), taking into account atmospheric transmission (modeled). Clear and cloudy regions within a pixel do not need to be distinguished. This dismisses the need for often-arbitrary assumptions about cloudiness distribution and is therefore adapted to the relatively large EPIC pixels. A daily mean PAR is estimated on the source grid for each EPIC instantaneous daytime observation, assuming no cloudiness changes during the day, and the individual estimates are remapped and weight-averaged using the cosine of the Sun zenith angle. In the computations, wind speed, surface pressure, and water vapor amount are extracted from NCEP (National Centers for Environmental Prediction) Reanalysis 2 data, aerosol optical thickness, and angstrom coefficient from MERRA-2 (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2) data, and ozone amount from EPIC Level 2 data. Areas contaminated by sun glint are excluded using a threshold on sun glint reflectance calculated using wind data. Ice masking is based on NSIDC (National Snow and Ice Data Center) near real-time ice fraction data. Additional information about the EPIC ocean surface PAR products can be found at the NASA DSCOVR: EPIC website: https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/, under “Science -> Products -> Ocean Surface” (https://epic.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/products/ocean).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-ocean-color, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dust Count Observations March 1933 - August 1933 in College-Fairbanks, AK, Version 1

These data are daily dust count observations taken in College-Fairbanks, Alaska from 23 March 1933 to 29 August 1933. The data are part of a larger collection titled "Second International Polar Year Records, 1931-1936, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Carnegie Institute of Washington." Within this larger collection, the data are identified as "Series 1: College-Fairbanks IPY Station Records and Data, 1932-1934: Subseries C: Auroral and Meteorological Records and Data, 1932-1933: Dust Count Observations, March 1933 - August 1933." The data are provided in a PDF copy of the handwritten entries (Dust_Count_Observations_March1933_to_August1933.pdf). Two supporting files are also included in this data set. The first is a copy of the handwritten data transcribed to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet (Dust_Count_Observations_March1933_to_August1933.xls). The second is a PDF document that explains the larger collection (DTM_Collection_Description.pdf). The entries were recorded using an Aitken Dust Counter. Each entry includes up to 10 counts per day with measurements of wind, clouds, and visibility. The handwritten copy has the most complete data, as some of the handwritten notes were not transcribed into the computer spreadsheet. For example, handwritten notes concerning problems with the counter itself were not transcribed into the computer spreadsheet. The data are available via FTP. NOAA@NSIDC believes these data to be of value but is unable to provide documentation. If you have information about this data set that others would find useful, please contact <a href="mailto:nsidc@nsidc.org">NSIDC User Services</a>.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-dust-ash-smoke, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-particulates, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-visibility, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-amount, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere Balloon Data Products

DCOTSS-Balloon-Data features the balloon data collected during the Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere sub-orbital campaign. DCOTSS-Ozone-H2O features balloon flights that include both ozone and water vapor trace gas measurements while DCOTSS-Ozone features balloons with only ozone measurements. Balloons were launched from the following locations: Boulder, CO; Salina, KS: Corpus Christi, TX; and Grand Forks, ND. Data collection for this product is ongoing and currently only features the first deployment. Each summer the North American Monsoon Anticyclone (NAMA) dominates the circulation of the North-Western Hemisphere and acts to partially confine and isolate air from the surrounding atmosphere. Strong convective storms in the NAMA regularly reach altitudes deep into the lower stratosphere, with some ascending above 20 km. These storms carry water and pollutants from the troposphere into the otherwise very dry stratosphere, where they can have a significant impact on radiative and chemical processes, potentially including destruction of stratospheric ozone. The Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere (DCOTSS) field campaign is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital research project aimed at investigating these thunderstorms. DCOTSS utilizes NASA’s ER-2 aircraft and conducted two ~8-week science deployments based out of Salina, KS spanning early to late summer.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-oxygen-compounds-atmospheric-ozone, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-upper-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-upper-air-temperature-vertical-profiles, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-profiles, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-profiles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere Reports

DCOTSS-Reports features important reports and documentation that support the Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere sub-orbital campaign. Featured in this product are mission scientist reports, forecasting and flight planning briefings, and pilot reports. A flight report is required to be submitted for all SMD aircraft flights. Mission scientists submit two types of reports: daily reports and science flight summary reports. Daily reports provide high-level summaries of daily weather conditions and forecasts and the flight tasking decisions and options for the ER-2 for the current and next several days. The science flight summary reports are produced after each flight and provides a summary of instrument operating status, the forecasting and planning sequence leading into the mission, and a description of significant events that occurred including problems related to the aircraft or instruments, weather conditions during flight and key observations related to the mission science objectives. Data collection for this product is complete. Each summer the North American Monsoon Anticyclone (NAMA) dominates the circulation of the North-Western Hemisphere and acts to partially confine and isolate air from the surrounding atmosphere. Strong convective storms in the NAMA regularly reach altitudes deep into the lower stratosphere, with some ascending above 20 km. These storms carry water and pollutants from the troposphere into the otherwise very dry stratosphere, where they can have a significant impact on radiative and chemical processes, potentially including destruction of stratospheric ozone. The Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere (DCOTSS) field campaign is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital research project aimed at investigating these thunderstorms. DCOTSS utilizes NASA’s ER-2 aircraft and conducted two ~8-week science deployments based out of Salina, KS spanning early to late summer.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-convective-clouds-systems-observed-analyzed, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere Radar and Satellite (Remote Sensing) Data Products

DCOTSS-Radar-Satellite-Data feature the radar and satellite data products for the Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere sub-orbital campaign. Featured in this product are NEXRAD WSR-88D radar products and GOES-16 and GOES-17 geostationary satellite imagery and derived products. NEXRAD GridRad data were produced at a 10-minute frequency across the contiguous United States to support forecasting and flight planning activities. GridRad data also include volumes of radar reflectivity at horizontal polarization and radial velocity spectrum width, which were primarily used to identify tropopause-overshooting convection. Identified GridRad overshoots, which rely upon ERA5 tropopause heights, are included in separate daily files. Also included are GOES-16 and GOES-17 satellite products. Tropopause-overshooting convection is also identified using GOES visible and infrared geostationary satellite imagery. These products include derived cloud top altitude, convective overshoot probability, and visible texture rating product and are produced in 10-minute intervals. The product domain extends over North America and encompasses most of Mexico and Canada. The satellite overshoot products complement the GridRad products and enable an understanding of overshooting that occurs outside the NEXRAD network. Data collection for this product is ongoing and currently only features the first deployment. Each summer the North American Monsoon Anticyclone (NAMA) dominates the circulation of the North-Western Hemisphere and acts to partially confine and isolate air from the surrounding atmosphere. Strong convective storms in the NAMA regularly reach altitudes deep into the lower stratosphere, with some ascending above 20 km. These storms carry water and pollutants from the troposphere into the otherwise very dry stratosphere, where they can have a significant impact on radiative and chemical processes, potentially including destruction of stratospheric ozone. The Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere (DCOTSS) field campaign is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital research project aimed at investigating these thunderstorms. DCOTSS utilizes NASA’s ER-2 aircraft and conducted two ~8-week science deployments based out of Salina, KS spanning early to late summer.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-convective-clouds-systems-observed-analyzed, earth-science-weather-events-atmosphere
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) Positions Products from NASA CDDIS

Station position and velocity solutions (weekly and cumulative) in Software INdependent EXchange (SINEX) format derived from analysis of Doppler Orbitography by Radiopositioning Integrated on Satellite (DORIS) data. The solutions include daily values of Earth Orientation Parameters (EOPs). These products are the generated by analysis centers in support of the International DORIS Service (IDS). Time series of station coordinate solutions in Station Coordinate Difference (STCD) are also generated by the IDS analysis centers. Weekly solutions represent the IDS contribution to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) determination.

Tags: earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-techniques-doris-doppler-orbitography-and-radiopositioning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) Geocenter Products from NASA CDDIS

Geocenter determination solutions derived from analysis of Doppler Orbitography by Radiopositioning Integrated on Satellite (DORIS) data. These products are the generated by analysis centers in support of the International DORIS Service (IDS).

Tags: earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-techniques-doris-doppler-orbitography-and-radiopositioning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Delta-X: Turbidity, Water and Air Pressure, Temperature, MRD, Louisiana, 2021, V4

This dataset provides turbidity measurements with co-located water and air pressure and temperature measurements in portions of the Mississippi River Delta, coastal Louisiana, US. Data were collected at five sites in Atchafalaya River Basin in Spring (2021-03-24 to 2021-04-02) and eight sites in the Atchafalaya River and Terrebonne Basins in Fall 2021 (2021-08-16 to 2021-08-27). In order to sample various hydrodynamic conditions, sensors were deployed at island edges, island interior, and other portions of wetlands. Sensors recorded turbidity, absolute pressure, and temperature. The Delta-X mission is a 5-year NASA Earth Venture Suborbital-3 mission to study the Mississippi River Delta in the United States, which is growing and sinking in different areas. River deltas and their wetlands are drowning as a result of sea level rise and reduced sediment inputs. The Delta-X mission will determine which parts will survive and continue to grow, and which parts will be lost. Delta-X begins with airborne and in situ data acquisition and carries through data analysis, model integration, and validation to predict the extent and spatial patterns of future deltaic land loss or gain. The data are provided in comma-separated values (CSV) files.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-surface-pressure, earth-science-geomorphic-landforms-processes-solid-earth-fluvial-processes-sedimentation, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-water, earth-science-water-quality-water-chemistry-terrestrial-hydrosphere-water-characteristics-turbi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) Data Cycle from NASA CDDIS

Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS) was developed by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) with cooperation from other French government agencies. The system was developed to provide precise orbit determination and high accuracy location of ground beacons for point positioning. DORIS is a dual-frequency Doppler system that has been included as an experiment on various space missions such as TOPEX/Poseidon, SPOT-2, -3, -4, and -5, Envisat, and Jason satellites. Unlike many other navigation systems, DORIS is based on an uplink device. The receivers are on board the satellite with the transmitters are on the ground. This creates a centralized system in which the complete set of observations is downloaded by the satellite to the ground center, from where they are distributed after editing and processing. An accurate measurement is made of the Doppler shift on radiofrequency signals emitted by the ground beacons and received on the spacecraft.

Tags: earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth, earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-techniques-doris-doppler-orbitography-and-radiopositioning
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DISCOVER-AQ California Deployment Bakersfield Ground Site Data

DISCOVERAQ_California_Ground_Bakersfield_Data contains data collected at the Bakersfield ground site during the California (San Joaquin Valley) deployment of NASA's DISCOVER-AQ field study. This data product contains data for only the California deployment and data collection is complete. Understanding the factors that contribute to near surface pollution is difficult using only satellite-based observations. The incorporation of surface-level measurements from aircraft and ground-based platforms provides the crucial information necessary to validate and expand upon the use of satellites in understanding near surface pollution. Deriving Information on Surface conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality (DISCOVER-AQ) was a four-year campaign conducted in collaboration between NASA Langley Research Center, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, NASA Ames Research Center, and multiple universities to improve the use of satellites to monitor air quality for public health and environmental benefit. Through targeted airborne and ground-based observations, DISCOVER-AQ enabled more effective use of current and future satellites to diagnose ground level conditions influencing air quality. DISCOVER-AQ employed two NASA aircraft, the P-3B and King Air, with the P-3B completing in-situ spiral profiling of the atmosphere (aerosol properties, meteorological variables, and trace gas species). The King Air conducted both passive and active remote sensing of the atmospheric column extending below the aircraft to the surface. Data from an existing network of surface air quality monitors, AERONET sun photometers, Pandora UV/vis spectrometers and model simulations were also collected. Further, DISCOVER-AQ employed many surface monitoring sites, with measurements being made on the ground, in conjunction with the aircraft. The B200 and P-3B conducted flights in Baltimore-Washington, D.C. in 2011, Houston, TX in 2013, San Joaquin Valley, CA in 2013, and Denver, CO in 2014. These regions were targeted due to being in violation of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The first objective of DISCOVER-AQ was to determine and investigate correlations between surface measurements and satellite column observations for the trace gases ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and formaldehyde (CH2O) to understand how satellite column observations can diagnose surface conditions. DISCOVER-AQ also had the objective of using surface-level measurements to understand how satellites measure diurnal variability and to understand what factors control diurnal variability. Lastly, DISCOVER-AQ aimed to explore horizontal scales of variability, such as regions with steep gradients and urban plumes.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness-angstrom-exponent, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-scattering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration