AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
GPR99, a new G protein-coupled receptor with homology to a new subgroup of nucleotide receptors

Background
          Based on sequence similarity, the superfamily of G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) can be subdivided into several subfamilies, the members of which often share similar ligands. The sequence data provided by the human genome project allows us to identify new GPRs by in silico homology screening, and to predict their ligands.
        
        
          Results
          By searching the human genomic database with known nucleotide receptors we discovered the gene for GPR99, a new orphan GPR. The mRNA of GPR99 was found in kidney and placenta. Phylogenetic analysis groups GPR99 into the P2Y subfamily of GPRs. Based on the phylogenetic tree we propose a new classification of P2Y nucleotide receptors into two subgroups predicting a nucleotide ligand for GPR99. By assaying known nucleotide ligands on heterologously expressed GPR99, we could not identify specifically activating substances, indicating that either they are not agonists of GPR99 or that GPR99 was not expressed at the cell surface. Analysis of the chromosomal localization of all genes of the P2Y subfamily revealed that all members of subgroup "a" are encoded by less than 370 kb on chromosome 3q24, and that the genes of subgroup "b" are clustered on one hand to chromosome 11q13.5 and on the other on chromosome 3q24-25.1 close to the subgroup "a" position. Therefore, the P2Y subfamily is a striking example for local gene amplification.
        
        
          Conclusions
          We identified a new orphan receptor, GPR99, with homology to the family of G protein-coupled nucleotide receptors. Phylogenetic analysis separates this family into different subgroups predicting a nucleotide ligand for GPR99.

Tags: g-protein-coupled-receptors, gpr99, nih, nucleotide-receptors, orphan-receptors
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Binding specificity of

Background
          To better understand the molecular interactions of Bt toxins with non-target insects, we have examined the real-time binding specificity and affinity of Cry1 toxins to native silkworm (Bombyx mori) midgut receptors. Previous studies on B. mori receptors utilized brush border membrane vesicles or purifed receptors in blot-type assays.
        
        
          Results
          The Bombyx mori (silkworm) aminopeptidase N (APN) and cadherin-like receptors for Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal Cry1Aa toxin were purified and their real-time binding affinities for Cry toxins were examined by surface plasmon resonance. Cry1Ab and Cry1Ac toxins did not bind to the immobilized native receptors, correlating with their low toxicities. Cry1Aa displayed moderate affinity for B. mori APN (75 nM), and unusually tight binding to the cadherin-like receptor (2.6 nM), which results from slow dissociation rates. The binding of a hybrid toxin (Aa/Aa/Ac) was identical to Cry1Aa.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results indicate domain II of Cry1Aa is essential for binding to native B. mori receptors and for toxicity. Moreover, the high-affinity binding of Cry1Aa to native cadherin-like receptor emphasizes the importance of this receptor class for Bt toxin research.

Tags: bombyx-mori, cry1aa-toxin, insect-receptor-binding, nih, surface-plasmon-resonance
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Erythropoietin, uncertainty principle and cancer related anaemia

Background
          This study was designed to evaluate if erythropoietin (EPO) is effective in the treatment of cancer related anemia, and if its effect remains unchanged when data are analyzed according to various clinical and methodological characteristics of the studies. We also wanted to demonstrate that cumulative meta-analysis (CMA) can be used to resolve uncertainty regarding clinical questions.
        
        
          Methods
          Systematic Review (SR) of the published literature on the role of EPO in cancer-related anemia. A cumulative meta-analysis (CMA) using a conservative approach was performed to determine the point in time when uncertainty about the effect of EPO on transfusion-related outcomes could be considered resolved. Participants: Patients included in randomized studies that compared EPO versus no therapy or placebo. Main outcome measures: Number of patients requiring transfusions.
        
        
          Results
          Nineteen trials were included. The pooled results indicated a significant effect of EPO in reducing the number of patients requiring transfusions [odds ratio (OR) = 0.41; 95%CI: 0.33 to 0.5; p < 0.00001;relative risk (RR) = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.68]. The results remain unchanged after the sensitivity analyses were performed according to the various clinical and methodological characteristics of the studies. The heterogeneity was less pronounced when OR was used instead of RR as the measure of the summary point estimate. Analysis according to OR was not heterogeneous, but the pooled RR was highly heterogeneous. A stepwise metaregression analysis did point to the possibility that treatment effect could have been exaggerated by inadequacy in allocation concealment and that larger treatment effects are seen at hb level > 11.5 g/dl. We identified 1995 as the point in time when a statistically significant effect of EPO was demonstrated and after which we considered that uncertainty about EPO efficacy was resolved.
        
        
          Conclusion
          EPO is effective in the treatment of anemia in cancer patients. This could have already been known in 1995 if a CMA had been performed at that time.

Tags: cancer-related-anemia, cumulative-meta-analysis, erythropoietin-epo, nih, systematic-review
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Adult Mental Health Tables (Standard Errors and P Values) - 1.1 to 1.68

These are the detailed tables pertaining to adult mental health from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). These detailed tables present standard errors for totals and prevalence estimates of past year any mental illness (AMI), serious mental illness (SMI), suicidal thoughts and behavior, major depressive episode (MDE), treatment for depression (among adults with MDE), mental health service utilization, and measuers related to the co-occurrence of mental disorders with substance use or with substance use disorders. Results are provided for age group, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, employment status, poverty level, geographic area, insurance status. Comparisons are made between 2011 and 2002 to 2010.

Tags: adult-mental-health, mental-health-services, nsduh-data, samhsa, serious-mental-illness
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Role of IL-12 in

The present study demonstrates that endogenous production of IL-12 is crucial for survival in Staphylococcus aureus-induced arthritis in mice. Staphylococcal load is enhanced in several organs, because of lack of IL-12. This might be due to decreased production of IFN-γ in IL-12-deficient mice. Although IL-12-deficient mice were exposed to higher staphylococcal load, they demonstrated no increased severity of arthritis as compared with control animals.

Tags: il-12, mouse-model, nih, septic-arthritis, staphylococcus-aureus
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Kentucky

2014 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Kentucky. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: kentucky, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2018-2020 NSDUH Substate Region Estimates By Age Group

Substate estimates for these years are no longer available due to methodological concerns with combining 2020 data with data from 2018 and 2019. We apologize for any inconvenience or confusion this may cause.Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, most respondents answered the survey via the web in Quarter 4 of 2020, even though all responses in Quarter 1 were from in-person interviews. It is known that people may respond to the survey differently while taking it online, thus introducing what is called a mode effect.When the state estimates were released, it was assumed that the mode effect was similar for different groups of people. However, later analyses have shown that this assumption should not be made. Because of these analyses, along with concerns about the rapid societal changes in 2020, it was determined that averages across the three years could be misleading.For more detail on this decision, see the 2018-2020substate data page.

Tags: age-groups, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, survey-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Induced cytoskeletal changes in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells by resveratrol and the accompanying modified responses to arterial shear stress

Background
          Atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease (CHD) are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality in developed countries. A noted exception is the low mortality of CHD in France, particularly the southwest region. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as the French paradox, may be associated with high consumption of red wine. We investigate whether the cardioprotective activity of red wine may involve the grape skin-derived polyphenol, resveratrol. We further test the possibility that resveratrol acts by modulating structural and functional changes in endothelial cells lining the blood vessel wall.
        
        
          Results
          Bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAEC) were incubated with resveratrol, with and without concurrent exposure to simulated arterial shear stress. Resveratrol significantly affected proliferation and shape of BPAEC; growth was suppressed and cells became elongated, based on morphologic analysis of rhodamine-conjugated phalloidin stained F-actin by confocal microscopy. Using selective signaling inhibitors, we showed that the resveratrol-induced cellular phenotype was dependent on intracellular calcium and tyrosine kinase activities, and assembly of actin microfilaments and microtubules, but was unrelated to PKC activity. Exposure to simulated arterial flow revealed that, whereas controls cells easily detached from the culture support in a time-dependent manner, resulting in total cell loss after a 5 min challenge with simulated arterial flow conditions, a significant percentage of the treated cells remained attached to the cultured plastic coverslips under identical experimental conditions, suggesting that they adhered more strongly to the surface. Western blot analysis shows that whereas cells treated with 25 μM and 100 μM resveratrol had no change in total ERK1/2, treatment did result in an increase in phosphorylated ERK1/2, which probably involved stabilization of the active enzyme. An increase in nitric oxide synthase expression was detected as early as 6 h and persisted for up to 4 days of treatment.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Results of our studies show that resveratrol interacts with endothelial cells in vitro to elicit morphological and structural changes; the observed changes support the interpretation that resveratrol acts as a cardioprotective agent.

Tags: atherosclerosis-research, endothelial-cells, nih, resveratrol-effects, shear-stress
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Recruitment, augmentation and apoptosis of rat osteoclasts in 1,25-(OH)

Background
          Although much is known about the regulation of osteoclast (OC) formation and activity, little is known about OC senescence. In particular, the fate of of OC seen after 1,25-(OH)2D3 administration in vivo is unclear. There is evidence that the normal fate of OC is to undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death). We have investigated the effect of short-term application of high dose 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2D3) on OC apoptosis in an experimental rat model.
        
        
          Methods
          OC recruitment, augmentation and apoptosis was visualised and quantitated by staining histochemically for tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), double staining for TRAP/ED1 or TRAP/DAPI, in situ DNA fragmentation end labelling and histomorphometric analysis.
        
        
          Results
          Short-term treatment with high-dose 1,25-(OH)2D3 increased the recruitment of OC precursors in the bone marrow resulting in a short-lived increase in OC numbers. This was rapidly followed by an increase in the number of apoptotic OC and their subsequent removal. The response of OC to 1,25-(OH)2D3 treatment was dose and site dependent; higher doses producing stronger, more rapid responses and the response in the tibiae being consistently stronger and more rapid than in the vertebrae.
        
        
          Conclusions
          This study demonstrates that (1) after recruitment, OC are removed from the resorption site by apoptosis (2) the combined use of TRAP and ED1 can be used to identify OC and their precursors in vivo (3) double staining for TRAP and DAPI or in situ DNA fragmentation end labelling can be used to identify apoptotic OC in vivo.

Tags: bone-remodeling, nih, osteoclast-apoptosis, rat-model, vitamin-d-effects
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS): 2004 Data on Substance Abuse Treatment Facilities

This report presents results from the 2004 National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS), an annual census of facilities providing substance abuse treatment. Conducted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), the N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcoholism and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: alcoholism-treatment, drug-abuse-treatment, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facility-census
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
A theoretical approach to predicting the success of genetic manipulation of malaria mosquitoes in malaria control

Background
          Mosquitoes that have been genetically modified to better encapsulate the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum are being considered as a possible tool in the control of malaria. Hopes for this have been raised with the identification of genes involved in the encapsulation response and with advances in the tools required to transform mosquitoes. However, we have only very little understanding of the conditions that would allow such genes to spread in natural populations.
        
        
          Methods
          We present here a theoretical model that combines population genetical and epidemiological processes, thereby allowing one to predict not only these conditions (intensity of transmission, evolutionary cost of resistance, tools used to drive the genes) but also the impact of the spread of refractoriness on the prevalence of the disease.
        
        
          Results
          The main conclusions are 1) that efficient transposons will generally be able to drive genes that confer refractoriness through populations even if there is a substantial (evolutionary) cost of refractoriness, but 2) that this will decrease malaria prevalence in the human population substantially only if refractoriness is close to 100% effective.
        
        
          Conclusions
          If refractoriness is less than 100% effective (because of, for example, environmentally induced variation in the effectiveness of the mosquito's immune response), control programmes based on genetic manipulation of mosquitoes will have very little impact on the epidemiology of malaria, at least in areas with intense transmission.

Tags: disease-transmission, genetic-modification, malaria-control, mosquito-genetics, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Georgia

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Georgia. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, georgia, mental-health-services, outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
NSDUH 2019 Questionnaire Dwelling Unit-Level And Person Pair-Level Sampling Weight Calibration

NSDUH allows for estimating characteristics at the person level, pair level, and household or QDU level. This report describes the weight calibration methods used for the pair- and QDU-level respondents. As described in the person-level report, NSDUH is an annual survey of about 67,500 people selected from the civilian, noninstitutionalized population aged 12 or older from all 50 states and the District of Columbia. A coordinated sample design was developed for the 2014 through 2019 NSDUHs. The coordinated design facilitated 50 percent overlap in third-stage units (area segments) within each successive 2-year period from 2014 through 2019.

Tags: household-survey, nsduh-survey, samhsa, sampling-weights, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Delaware

This is the 2016 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Delaware. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-data, delaware-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 State Profile - Louisiana

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) annual report showing the state profile for Louisiana in 2012. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: alcohol-drug-services, louisiana-health, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facility-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
State Estimates of Past Year Serious Thoughts of Suicide  among Young Adults: 2013 and 2014

This short report uses 2013 to 2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess the prevalence of past year serious thoughts of suicide among young adults aged 18 to 25 by State. Results are shown by State for 2012-2013 and 2013-2014.

Tags: mental-health, samhsa, state-level-data, suicidal-ideation, young-adults
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 525337: 3,3-Dimethyl-4-thianonane

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 1-(2-methylbutan-2-ylsulfanyl)pentane. Molecular Formula: C10H22S. Molecular Weight: 174.35. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Conducting systematic reviews of diagnostic studies: didactic guidelines

Background
          Although guidelines for critical appraisal of diagnostic research and meta-analyses have already been published, these may be difficult to understand for clinical researchers or do not provide enough detailed information.
        
        
          Methods
          Development of guidelines based on a systematic review of the evidence in reports of systematic searches of the literature for diagnostic research, of methodological criteria to evaluate diagnostic research, of methods for statistical pooling of data on diagnostic accuracy, and of methods for exploring heterogeneity.
        
        
          Results
          Guidelines for conducting diagnostic systematic reviews are presented in a stepwise fashion and are followed by comments providing further information. Examples are given using the results of two systematic reviews on the accuracy of the urine dipstick in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections, and on the accuracy of the straight-leg-raising test in the diagnosis of intervertebral disc hernia.

Tags: diagnostic-accuracy, diagnostic-testing, meta-analysis, nih, systematic-review
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Functional expression of NF1 tumor suppressor protein: association with keratin intermediate filaments during the early development of human epidermis

Background
          NF1 refers to type 1 neurofibromatosis syndrome, which has been linked with mutations of the large NF1 gene. NF1 tumor suppressor protein, neurofibromin, has been shown to regulate ras: the NF1 protein contains a GTPase activating protein (GAP) related domain which functions as p21rasGAP. Our studies have previously demonstrated that the NF1 protein forms a high affinity association with cytokeratin 14 during the formation of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes in cultured keratinocytes.
        
        
          Methods
          The expression of NF1 protein was studied in developing human epidermis using western transfer analysis, indirect immunofluorescence, confocal laser scanning microscopy, immunoelectron microscopy, and in situ hybridization.
        
        
          Results
          The expression of NF1 protein was noted to be highly elevated in the periderm at 8 weeks estimated gestational age (EGA) and in the basal cells at 8–14 weeks EGA. During this period, NF1 protein was associated with cytokeratin filaments terminating to desmosomes and hemidesmosomes. NF1 protein did not display colocalization with α-tubulin or actin of the cytoskeleton, or with adherens junction proteins.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results depict an early fetal period when the NF1 tumor suppressor is abundantly expressed in epidermis and associated with cytokeratin filaments. This period is characterized by the initiation of differentiation of the basal cells, maturation of the basement membrane zone as well as accentuated formation of selected cellular junctions. NF1 tumor suppressor may function in the regulation of epidermal histogenesis via controlling the organization of the keratin cytoskeleton during the assembly of desmosomes and hemidesmosomes.

Tags: epidermal-development, keratin-filaments, neurofibromatosis-type-1, nf1-protein, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
TEDS State Instruction Manual - Discharge Data

This document describes the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) discharge data system, including the National Outcomes Measures (NOMS) data elements, and provides the information needed to produce TEDS data files and submit the files to the TEDS Contractor.

Tags: discharge-data, national-outcomes-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528432: Hexadecane, 3-ethyl

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: 3-ethylhexadecane. Molecular Formula: C18H38. Molecular Weight: 254.5. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services