AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of the Japanese public and doctors towards use of archived information and samples without informed consent: Preliminary findings based on focus group interviews

Background
          The purpose of this study is to explore laypersons' attitudes toward the use of archived (existing) materials such as medical records and biological samples and to compare them with the attitudes of physicians who are involved in medical research.
        
        
          Methods
          Three focus group interviews were conducted, in which seven Japanese male members of the general public, seven female members of the general public and seven physicians participated.
        
        
          Results
          It was revealed that the lay public expressed diverse attitudes towards the use of archived information and samples without informed consent. Protecting a subject's privacy, maintaining confidentiality, and communicating the outcomes of studies to research subjects were regarded as essential preconditions if researchers were to have access to archived information and samples used for research without the specific informed consent of the subjects who provided the material. Although participating physicians thought that some kind of prior permission from subjects was desirable, they pointed out the difficulties involved in obtaining individual informed consent in each case.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The present preliminary study indicates that the lay public and medical professionals may have different attitudes towards the use of archived information and samples without specific informed consent. This hypothesis, however, is derived from our focus groups interviews, and requires validation through research using a larger sample.

Tags: archived-samples, focus-groups, informed-consent, nih, public-attitudes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For South Carolina

This is the 2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for South Carolina. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa, south-carolina, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Utility of the Mayo End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score in assessing prognosis of patients with alcoholic hepatitis

Background
          Alcoholic hepatitis is characterized by acute, or acute-on-chronic hepatic failure and associated with a high mortality. Specific therapies should be considered for those at high risk of mortality. The Mayo End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score is a marker of disease severity and mortality in persons with chronic alcoholic liver disease. Our aims were to assess the utility of the MELD score as a predictor of short-term mortality in persons with alcoholic hepatitis.
        
        
          Methods
          We assessed the utility of the MELD score and compared it with the Discriminant Function (DF) as a predictor of mortality in 34 patients hospitalized with alcoholic hepatitis.
        
        
          Results
          The area under the curve of a receiver operating characteristic curve for the MELD score was 0.82 (confidence intervals 0.65–0.98), and for the DF was 0.86 (confidence intervals 0.70–1.00). However, the sensitivity and specificity in predicting 30-day mortality for a MELD score of greater than 11 was 86% and 81%, but for a DF greater than 32 was 86% and 48% respectively. The presence of ascites and bilirubin greater than 8 mg/dL were also highly predictive of mortality with a sensitivity of 71% and a specificity of 96%.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Alcoholic hepatitis remains associated with a high mortality in hospitalized patients. The MELD score performs as well as the DF in predicting mortality at 30 days. A MELD score of greater than 11, or the presence of both ascites and an elevated bilirubin greater than 8 mg/dL should prompt consideration of specific therapeutic interventions to reduce mortality.

Tags: alcoholic-hepatitis, liver-disease-prognosis, meld-score, mortality-prediction, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Muscle Specific Fragile X Related Protein 1 Isoforms are Sequestered in the Nucleus of Undifferentiated Myoblast

Background
          The family of Fragile X Mental Retardation Proteins is composed of three members: Fragile Mental Retardation 1, Fragile X Related 1 and X Related 2 proteins. These proteins are associated with mRNPs within translating ribosomes and have the capacity to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Great attention has been given to FMRP due to its implication in human hereditary mental retardation while FXR1P and FXR2P have only recently been studied.
        
        
          Results
          Using antibodies directed against several epitopes of FXR1P, we have detected protein isoforms generated by small peptides pocket inserts. Four isoforms of MW 70, 74, 78, 80 kDa are widely distributed in mouse organs, while in striated muscles these isoforms are replaced by proteins of 82 and 84 kDa containing an extra pocket of 27 aa. Expression of these muscle isoforms is an early event during in vitro differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes and correlates with the activation of muscle-specific genes. However, while FXR1P82,84 are associated with cytoplasmic mRNPs in myotubes, they are sequestered in the nuclei of undifferentiated myoblasts. These observations suggest that, in addition to a cytoplasmic function yet to be defined, FXR1P82,84 may play a nuclear role in pre-mRNA metabolism.
        
        
          Conclusions
          The pattern of subcellular partitioning of FXR1P isoforms during myogenesis is unique among the family of the FXR proteins. The model system described here should be considered as a powerful tool for ongoing attempts to unravel structure-function relationships of the different FMR family members since the potential role(s) of FXR1P as a compensatory factor in Fragile X syndrome is still elusive.

Tags: fragile-x-related-protein, fxr1p, muscle-isoforms, myoblast-differentiation, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Idaho 2016 Potential Areas for Addressing Service Gaps for Opioid Treatment

The purpose of the medication-assisted treatment (MAT) facility maps is to identify areas on a state-by-state basis that may be potentially underserved by existing treatment facilities. The maps are created with a methodology that seeks to include the highest potential need areas from individual counties so that county-level stakeholders are also informed. The maps are meant to be used as a tool for policy makers to determine potentially underserved areas—not as a definitive representation of these areas.

Tags: idaho-opioids, mat-access, opioid-treatment, samhsa, service-gap-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Teens Whose Parents Have Alcohol Problems Are at Increased Risk of Alcohol Use (2002 to 2010 NSDUH)

This report uses 2002 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past month alcohol use and binge alcohol among adolescents aged 12 to 17 by whether they lived with a mother or father that had an alcohol use disorder.

Tags: adolescent-alcohol-use, binge-drinking, nsduh-survey, parental-alcohol-disorder, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparison of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 NSDUH Population Percentages (50 States and the District of Columbia)

Comparisons of 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 NSDUH Population Percentages (50 States and the District of Columbia)

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, state-level-data, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
HIPK2 overexpression leads to stabilization of p53 protein and increased p53 transcriptional activity by decreasing Mdm2 protein levels

Background
          HIPK2 (homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2) has been identified as a nuclear serine/threonine kinase. A central function of HIPK2 is repressing transcription of homeodomain containing transcription factors.
        
        
          Results and Conclusions
          We show here that HIPK2 activates transcription mediated by tumor suppressor p53 responsive promoter elements. Overexpression of HIPK2 leads to an increase of p53 protein expression or stability, which becomes enhanced further in the presence of the DNA damaging drug doxorubicin. The effects of HIPK2 on p53 are not observed with kinase deficient HIPK2 mutants. However, HIPK2 is not sufficient for phosphorylation of three crucial serine residues of p53, suggesting that HIPK2-induced p53 activation does not involve phosphorylation of p53. Instead, HIPK2 leads to a downregulation of p53-induced Mdm2 protein and this may lead to stabilization of p53. Overexpression of HIPK2 does not lead to a change of Mdm2 mRNA expression. The data suggest that HIPK2 plays a critical role in p53 mediated cellular responses by removing the p53 inhibitor protein Mdm2 via modification of the protein itself or its intracellular movement.

Tags: hipk2-kinase, mdm2-protein, nih, p53-protein, tumor-suppressor
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Quality control and data-handling in multicentre studies: the case of the Multicentre Project for Tuberculosis Research

Background
          The Multicentre Project for Tuberculosis Research (MPTR) was a clinical-epidemiological study on tuberculosis carried out in Spain from 1996 to 1998. In total, 96 centres scattered all over the country participated in the project, 19935 "possible cases" of tuberculosis were examined and 10053 finally included. Data-handling and quality control procedures implemented in the MPTR are described.
        
        
          Methods
          The study was divided in three phases: 1) preliminary phase, 2) field work 3) final phase. Quality control procedures during the three phases are described. Results: Preliminary phase: a) organisation of the research team; b) design of epidemiological tools; training of researchers. Field work: a) data collection; b) data computerisation; c) data transmission; d) data cleaning; e) quality control audits; f) confidentiality. Final phase: a) final data cleaning; b) final analysis.
        
        
          Conclusion
          The undertaking of a multicentre project implies the need to work with a heterogeneous research team and yet at the same time attain a common goal by following a homogeneous methodology. This demands an additional effort on quality control.

Tags: epidemiological-study, multicenter-study, nih, quality-control, tuberculosis-research
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Use of a rapid arterial blood gas analyzer to estimate blood hemoglobin concentration among critically ill adults

Objective
          To evaluate whether measurement of the hemoglobin (Hb) concentration with a blood gas analyzer approximates that determined by a conventional coulter counter in critically ill adults.
        
        
          Design
          Prospective patient series.
        
        
          Setting
          A 32-bed cardiovascular, neurosurgical, trauma and medical-surgical intensive care unit in a single Canadian center.
        
        
          Patients
          We consecutively recruited 202 critically ill adults, the majority of whom had recent cardiac or vascular surgery, neurosurgery or trauma.
        
        
          Measurements
          The nurse obtained a single arterial blood sample within a few hours of the patient's admission to the intensive care unit. The Hb concentration was determined from each blood sample in a masked fashion, using both a blood gas analyzer and a conventional laboratory coulter counter.
        
        
          Main results
          A total of 202 consecutive paired analyses were conducted. There was a highly significant correlation between the coulter counter and blood gas analyzer methods of Hb measurement (r2 = 0.98, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.97–0.99; P < 0.0001). Using the method of Bland and Altman, the overall mean difference in Hb concentration between the coulter counter and the blood gas analyzer was -4.3 g/l (95% CI = -11.0 to 2.4). Of the 11 (5.4%) Hb measurements that extended beyond the upper and lower 95% CI, 10 (5.0%) were within ± 3 g/l of these confidence limits.
        
        
          Conclusions
          An arterial blood gas analyzer may provide a valid alternative method to the traditional coulter counter for the rapid assessment of Hb concentration among critically ill adults. Since issues related to its safety, quality control, data entry and cost savings have yet to be addressed, however, use of such point of care testing should be viewed as a supplement to conventional laboratory testing.

Tags: arterial-blood-gas, blood-analysis, critical-care, hemoglobin-concentration, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Rhode Island

This is the 2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Rhode Island. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, rhode-island, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Transcriptional response of human mast cells stimulated via the FcεRI and identification of mast cells as a source of IL-11

Background
          In asthma and other allergic disorders, the activation of mast cells by IgE and antigen induces the cells to release histamine and other mediators of inflammation, as well as to produce certain cytokines and chemokines. To search for new mast cell products, we used complementary DNA microarrays to analyze gene expression in human umbilical cord blood-derived mast cells stimulated via the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI).
        
        
          Results
          One to two hours after FcεRI-dependent stimulation, more than 2,400 genes (about half of which are of unknown function) exhibited 2–200 fold changes in expression. The transcriptional program included changes in the expression of IL-11 and at least 30 other cytokines and chemokines. Human mast cells secreted 130–529 pg of IL-11/106 cells by 6 h after stimulation with anti-IgE.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Our initial analysis of the transcriptional program induced in in vitro-derived human mast cells stimulated via the FcεRI has identified many products that heretofore have not been associated with this cell type, but which may significantly influence mast cell function in IgE-associated host responses. We also have demonstrated that mast cells stimulated via the FcεRI can secrete IL-11. Based on the previously reported biological effects of IL-11, our results suggest that production of IL-11 may represent one link between IgE-dependent mast cell activation in subjects with allergic asthma and the development of a spectrum of structural changes in the airways of these individuals; such changes, collectively termed "airway remodeling," can constitute an important long term consequence of asthma.

Tags: gene-expression-profiling, ige-receptor, il-11-secretion, mast-cell-activation, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
South Dakota (SD)

This report uses 2008 to 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) to assess past year alcohol use disorder and illicit drug use disorder among persons aged 12 or older for South Dakota overall and for substate regions within South Dakota. Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE).

Tags: alcohol-abuse, mental-health-south-dakota, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use-disorder
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparative analysis of somitogenesis related genes of the

Background
          Members of a class of bHLH transcription factors, namely the hairy (h), Enhancer of split (E(spl)) and hairy-related with YRPW motif (hey) (h/E(spl)/hey) genes are involved in vertebrate somitogenesis and some of them show cycling expression. By sequence comparison, identified orthologues of cycling somitogenesis genes from higher vertebrates do not show an appropriate expression pattern in zebrafish. The zebrafish genomic sequence is not available yet but the genome of Fugu rubripes was recently published. To allow comparative analysis, the currently known Her proteins from zebrafish were used to screen the genomic sequence database of Fugu rubripes.
        
        
          Results
          20 h/E(spl)/hey-related genes were identified in Fugu, which is twice the number of corresponding zebrafish genes known so far. A novel class of c-Hairy proteins was identified in the genomes of Fugu and Tetraodon. A screen of the human genome database with the Fugu proteins yielded 10 h/E(spl)/hey-related genes. By analysing the upstream sequences of the c-hairy class genes in zebrafish, Fugu and Tetraodon highly similar sequence stretches were identified that harbour Suppressor of hairless paired binding sites (SPS). This motif was also discovered in the upstream sequences of the her1 gene in the examined fish species. Here, the Su(h) sites are separated by longer intervening sequences.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Our study indicates that not all her homologues in zebrafish have been isolated. Comparison to the human genome suggests a selective duplication of h/E(spl) genes in pufferfish or loss of members of these genes during evolution to the human lineage.

Tags: fugu-rubripes, gene-expression, nih, somitogenesis, transcription-factors
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Ohio

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Ohio for 2013. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program.  State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Virgin Islands

This is the 2022 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Virgin Islands. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, virgin-islands
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Florida, 2015

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Florida The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Uniform Reporting System. The topics addressed in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, mental health and treatment, substance use and substance use treatment.

Tags: behavioral-health, florida, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Different effects of rat interferon alpha, beta and gamma on rat hepatic stellate cell proliferation and activation

Background
          Liver fibrosis is the common sequel of chronic liver diseases. Recent studies have identified hepatic stellate cells as the primary cell type mediating hepatic fibrogenesis. It has been demonstrated that hepatic stellate cells undergo a process of activation during the development of liver fibrosis. During the activation process, hepatic stellate cells acquire myofibroblast-like phenotype featuring the expression of smooth muscle alpha actin. Interferons have been employed for the treatment of viral hepatitis. However, it is unclear what is the effect of interferons on the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis. Moreover, it is not clear whether there are any differences among interferon alpha, interferon beta, and interferon gamma in the treatment of liver fibrosis. Therefore, our objective in current study is to investigate the effects of rat interferon-α, interferon-β, and interferon-γ on the proliferation and activation of rat hepatic stellate cells.
        
        
          Results
          Rat interferon-β and interferon-γ significantly inhibited rat hepatic stellate cell proliferation while rat interferon-α did not affect the cell proliferation under the same culture condition. Inhibition of cell proliferation was confirmed by both WST-1 cell proliferation assay and 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine incorporation assay. Similar results were observed regarding interferons regulation of hepatic stellate cell activation. Both rat interferon-β and interferon-γ reduced smooth muscle α-actin abundance after 6 days treatment, but rat interferon-α did not alter smooth muscle α-actin level.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Our results indicate that rat interferon-α and interferon-β have different biological effects on rat hepatic stellate cells and suggest that there are different signaling events between interferon-α and interferon-β in hepatic stellate cells.

Tags: hepatic-stellate-cells, interferon-alpha, interferon-beta, liver-fibrosis, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 21. 2011-2012 NSDUH Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State

Table 21. Needing But Not Receiving Treatment for Illicit Drug Use in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2011 and 2012 NSDUHs. Results are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: illicit-drug-use, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, unmet-treatment-need
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Roughing up Smoothened: chemical modulators of Hedgehog signaling

Small-molecule antagonists of Hedgehog-pathway signaling, such as cyclopamine, have been known for some time. Now, small-molecule agonists of the Hedgehog pathway have also been identified. The finding that both antagonists and agonists target the protein Smoothened supports the emerging hypothesis that Smoothened may be regulated by endogenous small molecules.

Tags: chemical-modulators, hedgehog-signaling, nih, small-molecule-agonists, smoothened-protein
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services