AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Direct Broadcast Burned Area Monthly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V061

The Terra and Aqua combined MCD64A1 Version 6.1 Burned Area data product is a monthly, global gridded 500 meter (m) product containing per-pixel burned-area and quality information. The MCD64A1 burned-area mapping approach employs 500 m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Surface Reflectance imagery coupled with 1 kilometer (km) MODIS active fire observations. The algorithm uses a burn sensitive Vegetation Index (VI) to create dynamic thresholds that are applied to the composite data. The VI is derived from MODIS shortwave infrared atmospherically corrected surface reflectance bands 5 and 7 with a measure of temporal texture. The algorithm identifies the date of burn for the 500 m grid cells within each individual MODIS tile. The date is encoded in a single data layer as the ordinal day of the calendar year on which the burn occurred with values assigned to unburned land pixels and additional special values reserved for missing data and water grid cells. The data layers provided in the MCD64A1 product include Burn Date, Burn Data Uncertainty, Quality Assurance, along with First Day and Last Day of reliable change detection of the year. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-occurrence, earth-science-environmental-impacts-human-dimensions-biomass-burning, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-wildfires, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-wildfires-burned-area
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Aerosol Optical Depth Daily L2G Global 1km SIN Grid NRT

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Near Real Time (NRT) Combined Terra and Aqua Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Land Aerosol Optical Depth gridded Level 2 product (MCD19A2N) produced daily at 1 kilometer (km) pixel resolutions. The MCD19A2N product provides the atmospheric properties and view geometry used to calculate the MAIAC Land Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) or surface reflectance, MCD19A1N product. The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua BRDF/Albedo White Sky Albedo VIS Daily L3 Global 30ArcSec CMG V061

The MCD43D59 Version 6.1 Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function and Albedo (BRDF/Albedo) White-Sky Albedo dataset is produced daily using 16 days of Terra and Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data at 30 arc second (1,000 meter (m)) resolution. Data are temporally weighted to the ninth day which is reflected in the Julian date in the file name. This Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) product covers the entire globe for use in climate simulation models. Due to the large file size, each MCD43D product contains just one data layer. MCD43D42 through MCD43D61 are the albedo products of the MCD43D BRDF/Albedo product suite. There are 10 black-sky albedo and 10 white-sky albedo layers representing MODIS bands 1 through 7 and the visible, near-infrared (NIR), and shortwave bands. The black-sky albedo (directional hemispherical reflectance) is defined as albedo in the absence of a diffuse component and is a function of solar zenith angle. White-sky albedo (bihemispherical reflectance) is defined as albedo in the absence of a direct component when the diffuse component is isotropic. Users are urged to use the band specific quality flags to isolate the highest quality full inversion results for their own science applications as described in the [User Guide](https://www.umb.edu/spectralmass/modis-user-guide-v006-and-v0061/mcd43d-cmg-30-arc-second-products/). MCD43D59 is the white-sky albedo for the MODIS visible broadband. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-anisotropy, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Surface BRF Daily L2G Global 500m and 1km SIN Grid NRT

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Combined Terra and Aqua Multi-Angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Land Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) gridded Level 2 product (MCD19A1N) produced daily at 500 meter (m) and 1 kilometer (km) pixel resolutions. The MCD19A1N product is corrected for atmospheric gases and aerosols using a new MAIAC algorithm that is based on a time series analysis and a combination of pixel- and image-based processing. The MODIS MAIAC Land Surface BRF products provide an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground-level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB).

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Downward Shortwave Radiation Daily/3-Hour L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V062

The MCD18C1 Version 6.2 is a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra and Aqua combined Downward Shortwave Radiation (DSR) Level 3 product produced daily in a 0.05 degree (5,600 meters at the equator) Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) with estimates of DSR every 3 hours. DSR is incident solar radiation over land surfaces in the shortwave spectrum (300-4,000 nanometers) and is an important variable in land-surface models that address a variety of scientific and application issues. The MCD18 products are based on a prototyping algorithm that uses multi-temporal signatures of MODIS data to derive surface reflectance and then calculate incident DSR using the look-up table (LUT) approach. The LUTs consider different types of loadings of aerosols and clouds at a variety of illumination/viewing geometry. Global DSR products are generated from MODIS and geostationary satellite data. Additional details regarding the methodology used to create the data are available in the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD). Provided in the MOD18C1 product are layers for instantaneous DSR array for each individual MODIS overpass and 3-hour DSR array along with a View Zenith Angle layer. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=62). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * MODIS shortwave infrared bands are included in the retrieval algorithm, which significantly reduces estimation uncertainties in cloud- and snow-covered pixels. * Inclusion of a new multispectral algorithm has been implemented to replace the blue band retrieval algorithm. * An improved climatology of surface spectral and broadband albedo was produced and used in the retrieval algorithm.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Aerosol Optical Thickness Daily L2G Global 1km SIN Grid V006

The MCD19A2 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD19A2 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD19A2.061) data product. The MCD19A2 Version 6 data product is a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra and Aqua combined Multi-angle Implementation of Atmospheric Correction (MAIAC) Land Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) gridded Level 2 product produced daily at 1 kilometer (km) pixel resolution. The MCD19A2 product provides the atmospheric properties and view geometry used to calculate the MAIAC Land Surface Bidirectional Reflectance Factor (BRF) or surface reflectance, MCD19A1 product. The MCD19A2 AOD data product contains the following Science Dataset (SDS) layers: blue band AOD at 0.47 µm, green band AOD at 0.55 µm, AOD uncertainty, fine mode fraction over water, column water vapor over land and clouds (in cm), smoke injection height (m above ground), AOD QA, AOD model at 1km, cosine of solar zenith angle, cosine of view zenith angle, relative azimuth angle, scattering angle, and glint angle at 5km. A low-resolution browse image is also included showing AOD of the blue band at 0.47 µm created using a composite of all available orbits. Each SDS layer within each MCD19A2 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file contains a third dimension that represents the number of orbit overpasses. This factor could affect the total number of bands for each SDS layer. Known Issues * The longname in the internal metadata is provided incorrectly. The correct longname is "MODIS/Terra and Aqua MAIAC Land Aerosol Optical Depth Daily L2G 1 km SIN Grid." * Additional known issues are described on page 14 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6).

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Type Yearly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V006

The MCD12Q1 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD12Q1 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.061) data product. The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Type (MCD12Q1) Version 6 data product provides global land cover types at yearly intervals (2001-2020), derived from six different classification schemes listed in the User Guide. The MCD12Q1 Version 6 data product is derived using supervised classifications of MODIS Terra and Aqua reflectance data. The supervised classifications then undergo additional post-processing that incorporate prior knowledge and ancillary information to further refine specific classes. Layers for Land Cover Type 1-5, Land Cover Property 1-3, Land Cover Property Assessment 1-3, Land Cover Quality Control (QC), and a Land Water Mask are provided in each MCD12Q1 Version 6 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file. Known Issues * The "units" field is missing in the metadata, however, this information can be found in the table above or on page 5 of the User Guide. * Known issues are described on pages 3 and 4 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * Version 5 used five classification schemes whereas Version 6 uses six classification schemes, including an entirely new classification scheme based on the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) from the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). * New gap-filled spectro-temporal features developed by applying smoothing splines to the Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) time series. This change results in significant changes between land cover classifications in Version 5 and Version 6 data. * Algorithm used in Version 6 includes a post-processing Hidden Markov Model (HMM) that reduces spurious year-to-year variation in class labels. * Algorithm refinements were implemented in upstream MODIS data used as inputs, such as the cloud mask, surface reflectance, and NBAR data products. * The value of "Water" in the IGBP classification scheme has changed from "0" to "17." * The data product should not be used to determine post-classification land cover change between years due to the uncertainty in the land cover labels for any one year. More information can be found on page 2 of the User Guide. * File size is smaller due to HDF internal compression.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Dynamics Yearly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V006

The MCD12Q2 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MCD12Q2 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q2.061) data product. The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Dynamics (MCD12Q2) Version 6 data product provides global land surface phenology metrics at yearly intervals from 2001 to 2019. The MCD12Q2 Version 6 data product is derived from time series of the 2-band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) calculated from MODIS Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR). Vegetation phenology metrics at 500 meter spatial resolution are identified for up to two detected growing cycles per year. For pixels with more than two valid vegetation cycles, the data represent the two cycles with the largest NBAR-EVI2 amplitudes. Provided in each MCD12Q2 Version 6 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file are layers for the total number of vegetation cycles detected for the product year, the onset of greenness, greenup midpoint, maturity, peak greenness, senescence, greendown midpoint, dormancy, EVI2 minimum, EVI2 amplitude, integrated EVI2 over a vegetation cycle, as well as overall and phenology metric-specific quality information. A low-resolution browse image showing greenup is also available when viewing each MCD12Q2 granule. SDS layers may be multi-dimensional with up to two valid vegetation cycles. For areas where the NBAR-EVI2 values are missing due to cloud cover or other reasons, the data gaps are filled with good quality NBAR-EVI2 values from the year directly preceding or following the product year. Known Issues * Known issues are described on pages 5 and 6 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=TerraAqua&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Version * Additional Science Dataset (SDS) layers were included in Version 6. * Changes were implemented to better capture phenometrics in systems with multiple vegetation cycles per year. * Version 6 methodological approach increased the reliability of retrieved phenometrics in tropical, arid, and semi-arid ecosystems. * Modifications were designed to more accurately represent phenometrics in systems where NBAR-EVI2 time series do not closely resemble logistic growth patterns. * Version 6 delivers phenometrics in a more usable and intuitive way when vegetation cycles cross calendar boundaries, particularly in the Southern Hemisphere. * Vegetation cycles in a product year are determined by the date of peak NBAR-EVI2 within the product's calendar year. * Date representation changed to days since January 1, 1970. * Overall quality improvements with phenometric-specific quality layers provided.

Tags: earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-phenology
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NCEP/DOE Reanalysis II in HDF-EOS5, for GSSTF2c, 1x1 deg Monthly grid V2c (GSSTFM_NCEP) at GES DISC

These data are the Goddard Satellite-based Surface Turbulent Fluxes Version-2c Dataset recently produced through a MEaSURES funded project led by Dr. Chung-Lin Shie (UMBC/GEST, NASA/GSFC), converted to HDF-EOS5 format. The stewardship of this HDF-EOS5 dataset is part of the MEaSUREs project. This is a Monthly product; data are projected to equidistant Grid that covers the globe at 1x1 degree cell size, resulting in data arrays of 360x180 size. A finer resolution, 0.25 deg, of this product has been released as Version 3. The input data sets used for this recent GSSTF production include the upgraded and improved datasets such as the Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) Version-6 (V6) product of brightness temperature [Tb], total precipitable water [W], and wind speed [U] produced by the Wentz of Remote Sensing Systems (RSS), as well as the NCEP/DOE Reanalysis-2 (R2) product of sea skin temperature [SKT], 2-meter air temperature [Tair], and sea level pressure [SLP]. The short name for this product is GSSTFM_NCEP.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-sea-level-pressure, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-atmospheric-heating, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-skin-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-total-precipitable-wate, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-water-vapor, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-processes-evaporation, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-dynamics-turbulence, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-dynamics-wind-stress, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-conduction, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-evaporation, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-heat-flux, earth-science-ocean-pressure-oceans-sea-level-pressure, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-turbulence, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-stress
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Type Yearly L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V061

The Terra and Aqua combined Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Land Cover Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) (MCD12C1) Version 6.1 data product provides a spatially aggregated and reprojected version of the tiled [MCD12Q1 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.061) data product. Maps of the International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP), University of Maryland (UMD), and Leaf Area Index (LAI) classification schemes are provided at yearly intervals at 0.05 degree (5,600 meter) spatial resolution for the entire globe from 2001 to 2022. Additionally, sub-pixel proportions of each land cover class in each 0.05 degree pixel is provided along with the aggregated quality assessment information for each of the three land classification schemes. Provided in each MCD12C1 Version 6.1 Hierarchical Data Format 4 (HDF4) file are layers for Majority Land Cover Type 1-3, Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Assessment, and Majority Land Cover Type 1-3 Percent. Known Issues * Known issues are described in Section 2.2 of the User Guide. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&as=61). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * The Version 6.1 Level-1B (L1B) products have been improved by undergoing various calibration changes that include: changes to the response-versus-scan angle (RVS) approach that affects reflectance bands for Aqua and Terra MODIS, corrections to adjust for the optical crosstalk in Terra MODIS infrared (IR) bands, and corrections to the Terra MODIS forward look-up table (LUT) update for the period 2012 - 2017. * A polarization correction has been applied to the L1B Reflective Solar Bands (RSB). * The MCD12C1 Version 6.1 product has a minor fix to UMD Land Cover Class.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Surface Reflectance Daily L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance products provide an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. Low-level data are corrected for atmospheric gases and aerosols, yielding a level-2 basis for several higher-order gridded level-2 (L2G) and level-3 products.MOD09CMG provides Bands 1???7 in a daily level-3 product gridded on a simple 0.05 degree (5600-meter) Geographic projection. Data for each pixel is selected on the basis of low solar zenith angle, minimum Band 3 (blue) reflectance, and absence of cloud from level-3 intermediate files. Science Data Sets provided for this product include reflectance values for Bands 1???7, brightness temperatures for Bands 20, 21, 31, and 32, solar and view zenith angles, relative azimuth angle, ozone, granule time, and quality assessment.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration