AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Surface Meteorological Station - PNNL 10m Sonic, Physics site-4 - Derived Data

**Overview**

This set provides estimation of the turbulent fluxes obtained with EddyPro v6.2.0 software (15-min averaging). 

**Data Details**

Each meteorological station had one sonic anemometer (Gill R3-50, omnidirectional) mounted on top of a 10-m tower. Sensor verticality (within a degree) was verified by the analog inclinometer mounted on the base plate alongside the sonic anemometer. NOTE: the sonic anemometer has been oriented to the magnetic North. The serial data stream was transmitted via radio link (9XTend RF modem by MaxStream) to the data acquisition computer housed in a temperature-controlled enclosure at the base of the 80-m tower. 

The original data were stored in flat ASCII files in 30-min pieces (".00." level). The raw data were preprocessed to conform with EddyPro software. All evidently erroneous and/or broken lines were marked as bad. All erroneous or missed data were replaced with "baddata" place holder (99.99), the housekeeping data were stripped off, and the data were split into 5-min portions with no internal time stamp. The preprocessed data are available from the archive as “.a0” level data.

The current dataset is the result of processing the preprocessed data (“.a0”) with EddyPro v6.2.0 <https://www.licor.com/env/products/eddy_covariance/eddypro.html> for 15-minute intervals. The dataset contains results and metadata that should fully cover all software settings and options used in data processing.

**Data Quality**

Beyond the Quality Control (QC) procedures implemented in EddyPro, nothing additional is included.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, c0, derived-data, eere, met, pnnl-10m-sonic-physics-site-4, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z09
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - PNNL 10m Sonic, Physics site-10 - Derived Data

**Overview**

This set provides estimation of the turbulent fluxes obtained with EddyPro v6.2.0 software (15-min averaging). 

**Data Details**

Each meteorological station had one sonic anemometer (Gill R3-50, omnidirectional) mounted on top of a 10-m tower. Sensor verticality (within a degree) was verified by the analog inclinometer mounted on the base plate alongside the sonic anemometer. NOTE: the sonic anemometer has been oriented to the magnetic North. The serial data stream was transmitted via radio link (9XTend RF modem by MaxStream) to the data acquisition computer housed in a temperature-controlled enclosure at the base of the 80-m tower. 

The original data were stored in flat ASCII files in 30-min pieces (".00." level). The raw data were preprocessed to conform with EddyPro software. All evidently erroneous and/or broken lines were marked as bad. All erroneous or missed data were replaced with "baddata" place holder (99.99), the housekeeping data were stripped off, and the data were split into 5-min portions with no internal time stamp. The preprocessed data are available from the archive as “.a0” level data.

The current dataset is the result of processing the preprocessed data (“.a0”) with EddyPro v6.2.0 <https://www.licor.com/env/products/eddy_covariance/eddypro.html> for 15-minute intervals. The dataset contains results and metadata that should fully cover all software settings and options used in data processing.

**Data Quality**

Beyond the Quality Control (QC) procedures implemented in EddyPro, nothing additional is included.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, c0, derived-data, eere, met, pnnl-10m-sonic-physics-site-10, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z10
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - HilFlowS - LLNL 52m tall tower - EOP - Processed Data

**Overview**

The WindCube v2 was co-located with Site 300’s 52-m-tall meteorological tower so that measurements below 40 m could also be observed. The meteorological tower has three measurement levels: 10 m, 23 m, and 52 m. Wind speed was measured with a cup anemometer; wind direction with a wind vane. Data are available as 15-minute averages.

**Data Details**

Data Begins:  2019-07-08\
Data Ends:  2019-09-23

Date/Time PST Standard\
Wind Speed m/s (Site 300 10 m)\
Wind Speed m/s (Site 300 23 m)\
Wind Speed m/s (Site 300 52 m)\
Wind Speed Sigma m/s (Site 300 10 m)\
Wind Speed Sigma m/s (Site 300 23 m)\
Wind Speed Sigma m/s (Site 300 52 m)\
Wind Direction (from) degrees (Site 300 10 m)\
Wind Direction (from) degrees (Site 300 23 m)\
Wind Direction (from) degrees (Site 300 52 m)\
Air Temperature Celsius (Site 300 2 m)\
Air Temperature Celsius (Site 300 10 m)\
Air Temperature Celsius (Site 300 23 m)\
Air Temperature Celsius (Site 300 52 m)\
Relative Humidity percent (Site 300 2 m)\
Relative Humidity percent (Site 300 10 m)\
Atmospheric Pressure (above ground level) mb (Site 300 2 m)\
Air Density (above ground level) g/m^3 (Site 300 2 m)\
Precipitation in (Site 300 2 m)

Tags: a0, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, eop, hilflows, llnl-52m-tall-tower, met, processed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wfip2-hill-flow-study-hilflows, wind, z01
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Wasco Airport - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, a fully processed secondary dataset is provided. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

For b0 quality-controlled data, wind speed and direction data have been reviewed for potential icing events, and suspect data have been flagged.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, esrl-short-tower-wasco-airport, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z06
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Wasco Airport - Raw Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, a fully processed secondary dataset is provided. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

For b0 quality-controlled data, wind speed and direction data have been reviewed for potential icing events, and suspect data have been flagged.

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, esrl-short-tower-wasco-airport, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z06
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Troutdale - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, a fully processed secondary dataset is provided. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

For b0 quality-controlled data, wind speed and direction data have been reviewed for potential icing events, and suspect data have been flagged.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, esrl-short-tower-troutdale, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z04
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Troutdale - Raw Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, a fully processed secondary dataset is provided. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

For b0 quality-controlled data, wind speed and direction data have been reviewed for potential icing events, and suspect data have been flagged.

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, esrl-short-tower-troutdale, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z04
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Prineville - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, we provide a secondary dataset that is fully processed. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

The quality-controlled .b0 dataset includes a column with a QC (quality control) flag, indicating if the cup and vane are likely to be frozen. Remove QC > 0.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, esrl-short-tower-prineville, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z34
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - PNNL 3m Tower, Physics site-7 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

In support of the Wind Forecasting Improvement Project, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) deployed surface meteorological stations in Oregon.

**Data Details**

A PNNL computer is used as the base station to download the meteorological data acquired by the data logger at each site via a cellular modem. The data collected will be made available to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) each hour and used to support the short-term forecasting project by providing an independent evaluation of the added value of new data to meteorological forecasts.

Each meteorological station consists of a solar-powered data acquisition system and wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, and solar radiation sensors on a 3-meter tower. Specifically, the stations comprise the following instruments and equipment:

*  Campbell Scientific CM10 Tripod  
*  Campbell Scientific CR10X Measurement and Control System  
*  R.M. Young 05106 Wind Monitor  
*  Vaisala HMP45C Temperature and Humidity Probe  
*  Vaisala PTB101B Barometric Pressure Sensor  
*  Li-Cor LI200X Pyranometer  

The data logger is used to sample, at 1-second intervals, the horizontal wind speed and direction at 3 meters above ground level (AGL); the air temperature, relative humidity, barometric pressure, and solar radiation at 2 meters AGL; and the logger temperature and power supply. The logger outputs the 1-minute averages of these measurements to final storage and power on the cellular modem, so the data can be retrieved and downloaded to a base-station computer. The data are archived as 1-hour comma-delimited ASCII files (see "Table 2. Format of the WFIP2 Comma-delimited ASCII Data Files" in **wfip2-met-data.pdf**). All dates and times in the file names and data records are in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) and denote the end of the 1-minute average. Data known to be of bad quality have been replaced with "-9999."

**Data Quality**

Data for each primary measurement at every site are automatically plotted daily and reviewed about every three days. Instrument outages or events are reported with the Instrument and Model Data Problem Log at: <https://drive.google.com/drive/u/0/folders/0BxsU-HyQ5RggOFR0MndhYlFYVGc>. Data known to be of bad quality have been replaced with "-9999."

**Constraints**

None

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, pnnl-3m-tower-physics-site-7, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z07
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Condon - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, we provide a secondary dataset that is fully processed. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

The quality-controlled .b0 dataset includes a column with a QC (quality control) flag, indicating if the cup and vane are likely to be frozen. Remove QC > 0.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, esrl-short-tower-condon, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z33
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Condon - Raw Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, we provide a secondary dataset that is fully processed. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

The quality-controlled .b0 dataset includes a column with a QC (quality control) flag, indicating if the cup and vane are likely to be frozen. Remove QC > 0.

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, esrl-short-tower-condon, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z33
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Bonneville - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology and precipitation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

An additional column exists in the .b0 dataset that flags instances when wind speed and direction are likely faulty due to freezing of the prop and vane.

Tags: a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, esrl-short-tower-bonneville, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z35
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Bonneville - Raw Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology and precipitation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

An additional column exists in the .b0 dataset that flags instances when wind speed and direction are likely faulty due to freezing of the prop and vane.

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, esrl-short-tower-bonneville, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z35
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 80m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: a2e, anl-80m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z29
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ANL 80m, Sonic, Physics site-12 - Reviewed Data

**Overview**

Measurements of surface sensible heat flux, momentum flux, wind components, and virtual temperature.

**Data Details**

*  X (column 1) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward north.  
*  Y (column 2) is a component of wind cm/s plus toward east.  
*  Z (column 3) is a component of wind cm/s plus up.  
*  T (column 4) is sonic virtual temperature in degrees C*100.
*  hh:mm:ss is data collection time in UTC.

**Data Quality**

The Argonne National Laboratory sonic anemometer measurements are visually inspected weekly for data outliers or instrument problems. The final dataset sent to the DAP will have all outliers or problematic data removed using automated and visual processes, including minimum/maximum checks, in a similar process used for Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program eddy correlation (ECOR) data.

**Uncertainty**

The uncertainties of the basic sonic anemometer measurements are taken to be the accuracy of the individual measurements as specified by the instrument manufacturer. Based on historical experience with this measurement technique, flux measurement uncertainty is +/- 10 percent, although the uncertainty can be much greater during stable atmospheric conditions when turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients are small and advection from beyond the normal fetch can occur. In particular, the Physics Site-12 tower's sonic anemometer measurements can have greater uncertainty when the wind blows through the tower structure.

**Constraints**

During stable atmospheric conditions, turbulence intensity and atmospheric gradients often are small, approaching or exceeding the measurement resolution of sonic anemometers. Under these conditions, advection from beyond the normal fetch also can occur, making interpretation of the fluxes difficult. Notably, the Physics Site-12 tower sonic anemometer measurements can be affected when the wind blows through the tower structure. Some unusual biases in the vertical velocities measured at the Physics Site-12 tower with west wind conditions also have not been adequately explained.

Tags: a2e, anl-80m-sonic-physics-site-12, atmosphere-to-electrons, b0, eere, met, reviewed-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z28
Organization: Department of Energy
Surface Meteorological Station - ESRL Short Tower, Prineville - Raw Data

**Overview**

A diversity of instruments are used to measure various quantities related to meteorology, precipitation, and radiation near the Earth’s surface. Typically, a standard suite of instruments is deployed to monitor meteorological state variables.

**Data Quality**

Data collected in real time are minimally processed with basic thresholding done on the software ingest layer. Normally, for post-case analysis, we provide a secondary dataset that is fully processed. Unwanted artifacts reflecting an instrument's failure may be present in the real-time datasets.

The quality-controlled .b0 dataset includes a column with a QC (quality control) flag, indicating if the cup and vane are likely to be frozen. Remove QC > 0.

Tags: 00, a2e, atmosphere-to-electrons, eere, esrl-short-tower-prineville, met, raw-data, surface-meteorological-station, weto, wfip2, wind, wind-forecast-improvement-project-2, z34
Organization: Department of Energy