AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
NOAA Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) 15-minute Precipitation Data, Version 1

The NOAA Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) 15-Minute Precipitation Data consists of quality controlled precipitation amounts, which are measurements of 15 minute accumulation of precipitation, including rain and snow for approximately 2,000 observing stations around the country, and several U.S. territories in the Caribbean and Pacific operated or managed by the NOAA National Weather Service (NWS). Stations are primary, secondary, or cooperative observer sites that have the capability to measure precipitation at 15 minute intervals. This dataset contains 15-minute precipitation data (reported 4 times per hour, if precipitation occurred) for U.S. stations along with selected non-U.S. stations in U.S. territories and associated nations. It includes major city locations and many small town locations. Daily total precipitation is also included as part of the data record. The dataset period of record is from May 1970 to December 2013. The dataset is archived by the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI).

Tags: altitude, american samoa, atlantic ocean, atmosphere, caribbean sea, central pacific ocean, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, guam, land surface, liquid precipitation, marshall islands, micronesia, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, north atlantic ocean, ocean, pacific ocean, palau, precipitation, precipitation amount, precipitation rate, rain, snow, solid precipitation, station height, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, virgin islands, wake island, western pacific ocean
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
United States Climate Reference Network (USCRN) Heat Indices

The U.S. Climate Reference Network (USCRN) was designed to monitor the climate of the United States using research quality instrumentation located within representative pristine environments. This heat index product is designed to provide heat index variables calculated hourly for each USCRN station location. Beyond the hourly average air temperature, relative humidity, and global solar radiation observed at the station, an hourly 10 meter wind speed average is estimated from station observations 1.5 meters above ground, and surface atmospheric pressure is extracted from either ERA5 reanalysis historically, or NCEP RUC in near real time. The file contains three heat exposure variables beyond air temperature: heat index (HI), apparent temperature (AT) and wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT). Air temperature and the three heat exposure indices have been provided in both metric (Degrees Celsius) and standard customary units (Degrees Fahrenheit) for convenience of the user.

File names are structured at CRNHE0101-STATIONNAME.csv.  HE stands for Heat Indices. The first two digits of the trailing integer indicate major version and the second two digits minor version of the product.

Tags: 1 meter - < 10 meters, 1 meter - < 30 meters, 1 minute - < 1 hour, 250 km - < 500 km or approximately 2.5 degrees - < 5.0 degrees, air temperature, alaska, anemometers, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric temperature indices, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geographic region, hawaii, heat index, hygrometers, land surface, meteorological stations, mid-latitude, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, north america, polar, pyranometers, surface temperature, thermistors, u.s. climate reference network, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, uscrn, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1981-2010)

The U.S. Monthly Climate Normals for 1981 to 2010 are 30-year averages of meteorological parameters for thousands of U.S. stations located across the 50 states, as well as U.S. territories, commonwealths, the Compact of Free Association nations, and one station in Canada. NOAA Climate Normals are a large suite of data products that provide users with many tools to understand typical climate conditions for thousands of locations across the United States. As many NWS stations as possible are used, including those from the NWS Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Network as well as some additional stations that have a Weather Bureau Army-Navy (WBAN) station identification number, including stations from the Climate Reference Network (CRN). The comprehensive U.S. Climate Normals dataset includes various derived products including daily air temperature normals (including maximum and minimum temperature normal, heating and cooling degree day normal, and others), precipitation normals (including snowfall and snow depth, percentiles, frequencies and other), and hourly normals (all normal derived from hourly data including temperature, dew point, heat index, wind chill, wind, cloudiness, heating and cooling degree hours, pressure normals). In addition to the standard set of normals, users also can find "agricultural normals", which are used in many industries, including but not limited to construction, architecture, pest control, etc. These supplemental "agricultural normals" include frost-freeze date probabilities, growing degree day normals, probabilities of reaching minimum temperature thresholds, and growing season length normals. Users can access the data either by product or by station. Included in the dataset is extensive documentation to describe station metadata, filename descriptions, and methodology of producing the data. All data utilized in the computation of the 1981-2010 Climate Normals were taken from the ISD Lite (a subset of derived Integrated Surface Data), the Global Historical Climatology Network-Daily dataset, and standardized monthly temperature data (COOP). These source datasets (including intermediate datasets used in the computation of products) are also archived at the NOAA NCDC.

Tags: agriculture, atmosphere, atmospheric phenomena, atmospheric temperature, continent, degree days, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, freeze/frost, frost, land surface, liquid precipitation, maximum/minimum temperature, meteorological stations, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, point resolution, precipitation, precipitation amount, precipitation anomalies, puerto rico, rain, rain gauges, surface temperature, temperature anomalies, thermometers, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, virgin islands, weather events
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
United States Air Force 14th Weather Squadron Surface Weather Observations (Restricted)

The 14th Weather Squadron of the U.S. Air Force (USAF-14WS) creates a comprehensive dataset of weather observations; these observations stem from hundreds of domestic and international networks on a daily basis. Observations cover a broad spectrum of information that are incorporated into the NOAA Integrated Surface Data product. This dataset includes: cloud height and quality observations; extreme temperature; wind observations; ocean observations covering temperature, salinity, current speed and direction, waves, ice data; visibility; air temperature; precipitation; snow depth; atmospheric pressure; station metadata; etc. Up-to-date station metadata is included with every data submission, though not all stations described are included with every data submission. This is one of the primary source feeds into the NOAA Integrated Surface Data product.

Tags: air quality, air temperature, altimeters, anemometers, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - air temperature, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric - surface - wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric pressure measurements, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric winds, barometers, buoys, cloud types, clouds, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, drifting buoys, earth science, geographic region, global, ground stations, gust probes, ice depth/thickness, ice edges, land surface, maximum/minimum temperature, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, ocean circulation, ocean currents, ocean platforms, ocean temperature, ocean waves, oceanic - surface - sea ice, oceanic - surface - surface current, oceans, precipitation, precipitation amount, precipitation rate, pressure gauges, rain gauges, salinity, salinity/density, salinometers, sea ice, sea ice concentration, sea surface, sea surface temperature, ships, snow, snow depth, snow measuring rod, solid precipitation, surface temperature, surface winds, swells, temperature probes, thermometers, u.s. air force 14th weather squadron, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, visibility, visual observations, water temperature, wave height, wave height gauges, wave period, wind monitor, wind vanes
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA GOES-R Series Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Level 2 Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)

The GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Aerosol Optical Depth product contains an image with pixel values identifying a measure of the extinction due to atmospheric aerosols at a wavelength of 550 nm over land and ocean. The product includes data quality information that provides an assessment of the quality of the algorithm retrievals for on-earth pixels. The aerosol optical depth value is a dimensionless quantity. The Aerosol Optical Depth product image is produced on the ABI fixed grid at 2 km resolution for Full Disk and CONUS coverage regions from GOES East and West. Product data is produced under the following conditions: Clear sky; snow-free; Geolocated source data to local zenith angles of 90 degrees, to solar zenith angles of 90 degrees, and sunglint angles greater than 40 degrees when over the ocean.

Tags: 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree, 1 minute - < 1 hour, abi, abi-l2-aod, abil2paodi, abil2paodr, abil2paodt, abil2prod, advanced baseline imager, aerosol optical depth/thickness, aerosol particle properties, aerosols, atlantic ocean, atmosphere, atmospheric - composition - aerosol properties, center for satellite applications and research, central america, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nesdis/ospo, doc/noaa/nesdis/star, earth science, equatorial, geographic region, geostationary operational environmental satellite 16, geostationary operational environmental satellite 17, geostationary operational environmental satellite 18, geostationary operational environmental satellite 19, geostationary operational environmental satellites, goes, goes-16, goes-17, goes-18, goes-19, gov.noaa.class:grabiprd, grabiprd, mid-latitude, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, northern hemisphere, ocean, office of satellite and product operations, pacific ocean, south america, southern hemisphere, tropics, troposphere, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, western hemisphere
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Summary of the Day (CDMP)

This Summary of the Day data file contains daily selected elements of observations recorded by certified observers. The stations were located in the U.S. and were operated by the United States Weather Bureau (later the National Weather Service) and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). This data file spans 1945-1948. These first and second order stations were usually fully instrumented and therefore recorded a complete range of meteorological parameters. The observations were generally recorded for the 24-HR period midnight to midnight. There are a total of 169 stations with recorded observations in this dataset. Stations have varying periods of record and varying types of data elements. In the early years of aviation most stations were located in major cities. As aviation became more sophisticated, stations shifted to airports. Official surface weather observation standards can be found in the Circular N manuals. Images from which the data originated are available on a web based system owned by the National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)

Tags: air quality, air temperature, atmosphere, atmospheric pressure, atmospheric pressure measurements, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric winds, cloud fraction, cloud height, cloud properties, clouds, continent, dew point temperature, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, fixed observation stations, land surface, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, point resolution, precipitation, rain gauges, surface temperature, surface winds, thermometers, troposphere, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, visibility, wind direction, wind speed
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
2014-2015 Untrawlable Habitat Strategic Initiative (UHSI) Video and Still Imagery Data Collection

The data collection deals with the optical data (i.e., video and still imagery) collected by natural light stereo cameras mounted on a MOdular Underwater Sampling System (MOUSS). The data collection consists of natively collected still images (5 frames per second) as well as the full length video and video segments that were created from original still images. Video annotations exist for the video segments; annotations are currently housed within a spreadsheet. The purpose was to execute a testbed study designed to evaluate the performance of transitional advanced technologies.  All data are spatially located in the Florida Middle Grounds in the Gulf of Mexico.

Tags: < 1 second, aquatic sciences, cameras, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nmfs/sefsc, earth science, fisheries, national centers for environmental information, national marine fisheries service, nesdis, noaa, ocean platform/ocean stations, oceans, point resolution, sea floor, southeast fisheries science center, u.s. department of commerce, untrawlable habitat strategic initiative (uhsi), vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
GOES-R Series Satellite Instrument Calibration Ephemeris Data

The Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite-R Series (GOES-R), the latest generation of geostationary weather satellites, significantly improves the detection and observation of environmental phenomena, resulting in improved public safety, more accurate forecasts, better protection of property, and greater assurance on our nation's economic health and prosperity. The satellites provide advanced imaging with increased spatial resolution and faster coverage for more accurate forecasts, real-time mapping of lightning activity, and improved monitoring of solar activity and space weather. The GOES-R Series is a four-satellite program (GOES-R/S/T/U) that will extend the availability of the operational GOES satellite system through 2036.

Tags: attitude characteristics, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, geostationary operational environmental satellites, goes, gricsat, infrared wavelengths, national centers for environmental information, nesdis, noaa, orbital characteristics, ospo, platform characteristics, sat-inst-cal-eph, satincal, sensor counts, spectral/engineering, u.s. department of commerce, visible wavelengths
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) - Daily, Version 1.2 (Version Superseded)

**This version has been superseded by a newer version. This version of the data should not be used except in rare cases (e.g., when reproducing studies that used this earlier version). The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) comprises a total of 27 products. The Version 1.2 Daily product covers the period October 1998 to the present, with a delay of two to three months for data reception and processing. Version 1.2 supersedes all previous versions of the GPCP daily product. (Previous versions are not available from the NOAA/NCEI archive). All the GPCP products are produced by optimally merging precipitation estimates computed from microwave, infrared, sounder data observed by the international constellation of precipitation-related satellites, and precipitation gauge analyses, taking advantage of the strengths of each data type. Files are provided monthly, and the newest daily data are appended to a monthly data file as they are available. Data are available on a 1 degree grid. Code and documentation are also available.

Tags: 100 km - < 250 km or approximately 1 degree - < 2.5 degrees, airs, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, atmospheric infrared sounder, daily - < weekly, defense meteorological satellite program, dmsp, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, earth science, earth sciences division, geographic region, gewex, global, global energy and water cycle experiment, global precipitation climatology project, goddard space flight center, goes, gpcp, gpm project office, laboratory for atmospheres, land surface, nasa, nasa/gsfc/sed/esd/la/gpm, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, noaa geostationary operational environmental satellites, noaa poes, noaa polar orbiting environmental satellites, precipitation, rain gauges, science and exploration directorate, sea surface, special sensor microwave imager/sounder, special sensor microwave/imager, ssmi, ssmis, television infrared observation satellite, tiros, tiros operational vertical sounder, tovs, u.s. department of commerce, vertical location, weather stations
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
NOAA GOES-R Series Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Level 2 Land Surface Temperature (LST)

The GOES-R Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) Land Surface (Skin) Temperature product contains an image with pixel values identifying the instantaneous land surface skin temperature or surface radiometric temperature. Measured from the perspective of the satellite, the product is limited to clear conditions over land and represents the effective land temperature over an isothermal mixed pixel. The product includes data quality information that provides an assessment of the quality of the algorithm retrievals for on-earth pixels. The units of measure for the land surface (skin) temperature value is kelvin. The Land Surface (Skin) Temperature product image is produced on the ABI fixed grid at 10 km resolution for Full Disk and 2 km resolution for CONUS and Mesoscale coverage regions from GOES East and West. The product's spatial resolution increased from 10 km to 2 km on 10 September 2021. Product data is produced under the following conditions: Existence of land; Clear sky; Geolocated source data to local zenith angles of 85 degrees for both daytime and nighttime conditions.

Tags: 1 km - < 10 km or approximately .01 degree - < .09 degree, 10 km - < 50 km or approximately .09 degree - < .5 degree, abi, abi-l2-lst, abi-l2-lst2km, abil2plsti, abil2plstr, abil2plstt, abil2prod, advanced baseline imager, atlantic ocean, atmospheric - surface - surface radiation budget (including solar irradiance), center for satellite applications and research, central america, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncdc, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nesdis/ospo, doc/noaa/nesdis/star, earth science, equatorial, geographic region, geostationary operational environmental satellite 16, geostationary operational environmental satellite 17, geostationary operational environmental satellite 18, geostationary operational environmental satellite 19, goes-16, goes-17, goes-18, goes-19, gov.noaa.class:grabiprd, grabiprd, land surface, land surface temperature, mid-latitude, national centers for environmental information, national climatic data center, nesdis, noaa, north america, northern hemisphere, ocean, office of satellite and product operations, pacific ocean, south america, southern hemisphere, surface thermal properties, tropics, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location, western hemisphere
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce
Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) Precipitation Data - 15 minute (CPD - 15 min), Version 2

The Cooperative Observer Program (COOP) 15-Minute Precipitation Data consists of quality controlled precipitation amounts, which are measurements of 15 minute accumulation of precipitation, including rain and snow for approximately 2,000 observing stations around the country, and several U.S. territories in the Caribbean and Pacific from the National Weather Service (NWS) Fischer-Porter Network. This new version of COOP HPD with faster automations due updated stations will result in faster access for the public. The data are from 1940 to present, depending upon when each station was installed. These stations, nearly all of which were part of HPD version 1, also known as DSI-3240, were gradually upgraded from paper punch tape data recording systems to a more modern electronic data logger system from 2004-2013. Access to 15-minute data past 2014 was halted. Access restarted in 2025. 

The 15-min gauge depth time series are processed at NCEI via automated quality control and filtering algorithms to identify and remove spurious observations from noise and malfunctioning equipment, and also those due to natural phenomena such as evaporation and the necessary occasional emptying of the gauge. Data and metadata are ingested on a daily basis and combined in a single integrated dataset. 

As with the legacy punch paper instrumentation, the electronic loggers record rain gauge depth every 15 minutes. Monthly site visits to each station are still performed, but instead of collecting punched paper (that would subsequently need conversion to a digital record via a MITRON reader), data are downloaded from the station's datalogger to a memory stick and centrally collected at the local Weather Forecast Office (WFO) for all stations in the WFO area. The WFO subsequently combines all data into a single tar file and transfers the data to NCEI via ftp upload nominally each month. 

This updated 15-Minute dataset includes the historical data from the punch paper era and the recent digital era in order to provide the full period of record for each location. These data are formatted consistent with practices for NCEI Global In-situ datasets.

Tags: 1 minute - < 1 hour, 50 km - < 100 km or approximately .5 degree - < 1 degree, < 1 meter, atmosphere, atmospheric - surface - precipitation, continent, doc/noaa/nesdis/ncei, doc/noaa/nws, earth science, fixed observation stations, gauges, in situ/laboratory instruments, land surface, national centers for environmental information, national weather service, nesdis, noaa, north america, precipitation, u.s. department of commerce, united states of america, vertical location
Organization: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Department of Commerce