AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
CYGNSS Level 2 Science Data Record Version 3.2

This dataset contains the version 3.2 CYGNSS level 2 science data record which provides the time-tagged and geolocated average wind speed (m/s) and mean square slope (MSS) with 25x25 kilometer resolution from the Delay Doppler Mapping Instrument aboard the CYGNSS satellite constellation. This version supersedes Version 3.1: https://doi.org/10.5067/CYGNS-L2X31. The reported sample locations are determined by the specular points corresponding to the Delay Doppler Maps (DDMs). A subset of DDM data used in the direct processing of the average wind speed and MSS is co-located inside of the Level 2 data files. Only one netCDF data file is produced each day (each file containing data from up to 8 unique CYGNSS spacecraft) with a latency of approximately 6 days (or better) from the last recorded measurement time. <br><br> The L2 Geophysical Model Function (GMF) that maps L1 observables to ocean surface wind speed and the Significant Wave Height (SWH) second order correction to the wind speed retrievals were rederived to be consistent with the v3.2 L1 calibration. The method used for deriving the GMF and SWH correction is the same as for v3.1. An additional swell wave correction has been added to better account for the long wave dependence at low wind speeds. The FDS and YSLF retrieval algorithms are otherwise the same as v3.1. The v3.2 L2 YSLF wind speed is now designated as an intermediate product and should not be used ‘as is’. Additional quality control filters have been added to the Level 3 gridded product derived from the L2 YSLF wind speed to detect and remove outlier L2 samples, and use of the L3 product is recommended.<br><br> The CYGNSS is a NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder Mission that is intended to collect the first frequent space‐based measurements of surface wind speeds in the inner core of tropical cyclones. Made up of a constellation of eight micro-satellites, the observatories provide nearly gap-free Earth coverage using an orbital inclination of approximately 35° from the equator, with a mean (i.e., average) revisit time of seven hours and a median revisit time of three hours. This inclination allows CYGNSS to measure ocean surface winds between approximately 38° N and 38° S latitude. This range includes the critical latitude band for tropical cyclone formation and movement.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-surface-winds-wind-speed
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
CYGNSS Level 3 Soil Moisture Version 3.2

The CYGNSS Level 3 Soil Moisture V3.2 dataset is provided by the CYGNSS Science Team of the University of Michigan. It estimates volumetric water content for soils between 0-5 cm depth at a 6-hour discretization for most of the subtropics from the V3.2 reflectivity measurements provided in the CYGNSS L1 SDR dataset (https://doi.org/10.5067/CYGNS-L1X32). CYGNSS was launched on 15 December 2016, it is a NASA Earth System Science Pathfinder Mission that was launched with the purpose of collecting the first frequent space‐based measurements of surface wind speeds in the inner core of tropical cyclones. Originally made up of a constellation of eight micro-satellites, the observatories provide nearly gap-free Earth coverage using an orbital inclination of approximately 35° from the equator, with a mean (i.e., average) revisit time of seven hours and a median revisit time of three hours. <br><br> The soil moisture retrieval algorithm is an update of the previous version developed by UCAR-CU using a linear regression of CYGNSS angle-normalized effective surface reflectivity trained against collocated SMAP soil moisture during the calibration period 8/1/2018 to 11/15/2023. The data are archived in daily files in netCDF-4 format. Volumetric soil moisture water content in units of cm3/cm3 is provided with two gridding resolutions, 9x9 km and 36x36 km. The variable SM_subdaily contains data reported in six hour intervals. The variable SM_daily provides a daily average. The time series covers the period from August 2018 to present.

Tags: earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daily Arctic Ocean Rawinsonde Data from Soviet Drifting Ice Stations, Version 1

This archive of daily rawinsonde measurements of wind direction and speed, atmospheric pressure, humidity, air temperature, and geopotential height as well as surface-based observation of cloud cover (amount, type and height) from Soviet North Pole drifting stations was assembled under the direction of Dr. J. Kahl, with funding from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the National Science Foundation, and the Electric Power Research Institute. Soundings were recorded from April 19, 1954 to July 31, 1990 at drifting stations located in the Arctic Ocean, north of approximately 70 degrees North. Data were obtained from several different sources. All of these data are ultimately derived from the set of bound volumes of handwritten tables kept at the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) in St. Petersburg, Russia. Data are in 21 ASCII text format files with an average size of under 10 MB.

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere-geopotential-height, earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-dew-point-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-frequency, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-height, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-types
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daily 30-second GLONASS (GLObal NAvigation Satellite System) broadcast ephemeris data from NASA CDDIS

GNSS receivers collect the signals from orbiting satellites to determine their location in three dimensions and calculate precise time. GNSS receivers detect, decode, and process both pseudorange (code) and phase transmitted by the GNSS satellites. The satellites transmit the ranging codes on two or more radio-frequency carriers, allowing the locations of GNSS receivers to be determined with varying degrees of accuracy, depending on the receiver and post-processing of the data. The receivers also calculate current local time to high precision facilitating time synchronization applications. This dataset consists of ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) GLONASS Combined Broadcast Ephemeris Data (daily files of all distinct navigation messages received in one day) from the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS). GNSS provide autonomous geo-spatial positioning with global coverage. The GLONASS data sets from ground receivers at the CDDIS consist of observations from the Russian GLObal NAvigation Satellite System (GLONASS); Russia's GLONASS is similar to the U.S. GPS in terms of the satellite constellation, orbits, and signal structure. The daily GLONASS broadcast ephemeris files contain one day of GLONASS navigation (30-second sampling) data in RINEX format from a global permanent network of ground-based receivers, one file per day.

Tags: earth-science-geodetics-solid-earth-techniques-gnss-global-navigation-satellite-systems, earth-science-tectonics-solid-earth-plate-tectonics-crustal-motion
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daily Global Land Parameters Derived from AMSR-E and AMSR2, Version 3

This data set contains satellite-retrieved geophysical parameter files generated from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) instrument on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Aqua satellite and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) sensor on the JAXA GCOM-W1 satellite. The geophysical parameters include daily air surface temperature, fractional open water cover estimates, vegetation optical depth, surface volumetric soil moisture, and atmosphere total column precipitable water vapor. The global retrievals were derived over land for non-precipitating, non-snow, and non-ice covered conditions.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-total-precipitable-wate, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daily SnowModel Outputs Covering the ABoVE Core Domain, 3-km Resolution, 1980-2020

This dataset provides daily SnowModel simulation outputs on a 3-km grid for the period 1 September 1980 through 31 August 2020, covering the Core ABoVE Domain. The daily outputs include: air temperature (deg C), relative humidity (%), wind speed (m/s), wind direction (deg from True North), total precipitation (rain+snow) (m), rainfall (m), snowfall (m), snow melt (m), snow sublimation (m), runoff (m), surface temperature (deg C), bulk snowpack thermal resistance (K/W), snow depth (m), snow density (kg/m3), and snow-water-equivalent (SWE) depth (m). Model data inputs included land cover and topography, ground-based observations of snow, remote sensing observations of snow from satellites and aircraft, and meteorological forcing data from weather stations and reanalysis data. The SnowModel includes the processing modules MicroMet, Enbal, SnowDunes, SnowAssin, SnowPack, and SnowTran-3D. The data are provided in NetCDF format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-skin-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-speed, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-liquid-precipitation-rain, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-snow-water-equivalent, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-solid-precipitation-snow, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-density, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-melt
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DC-8 Navigation Data CPEX

The DC-8 Navigation Data CPEX dataset is a subset of airborne measurements that include GPS positioning and trajectory data, aircraft orientation, and atmospheric state measurements of temperature, pressure, water vapor, and horizontal winds. These measurements were taken from the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the Convective Processes Experiment (CPEX) field campaign. The CPEX campaign collected data to help explain convective storm initiation, organization, growth, and dissipation in the North Atlantic-Gulf of America-Caribbean Oceanic region during the early summer of 2017. These data files are available from May 25, 2017 through June 28, 2017 in ASCII format.

Tags: earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-flight-data-logs
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DC-8 Meteorological and Navigation Data CPEX-AW

The DC-8 Meteorological and Navigation Data CPEX-AW dataset is a subset of airborne measurements that include GPS positioning and trajectory data, aircraft orientation, and atmospheric state measurements of temperature, pressure, water vapor, and horizontal winds. These measurements were taken from the NASA DC-8 aircraft during the Convective Processes Experiment – Aerosols & Winds (CPEX-AW) field campaign. CPEX-AW was a joint effort between the US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) with the primary goal of conducting a post-launch calibration and validation activities of the Atmospheric Dynamics Mission-Aeolus (ADM-AEOLUS) Earth observation wind Lidar satellite in St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Data are available from August 17, 2021 through September 4, 2021 in ASCII format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-atmospheric-temperature-indices, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-platform-characteristics-spectral-engineering-flight-data-logs
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daymet: Annual Climate Summaries on a 1-km Grid for North America, Version 4 R1

This dataset provides annual climate summaries derived from Daymet Version 4 R1 daily data at a 1 km x 1 km spatial resolution for five Daymet variables: minimum and maximum temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure, and snow water equivalent. Annual averages are provided for minimum and maximum temperature, vapor pressure, and snow water equivalent, and annual totals are provided for the precipitation variable. Each data file is provided as a single year by variable and covers the same period of record as the Daymet V4 R1 daily data. The annual climatology files are derived from the larger datasets of daily weather parameters produced on a 1 km x 1 km grid for North America (including Canada, the United States, and Mexico), Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Separate annual files are provided for the land areas of continental North America, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Data are distributed in standardized Climate and Forecast (CF)-compliant netCDF (*.nc) and Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (*.tif) file formats. In Version 4 R1, all 2020 and 2021 files (60 total) were updated to improve predictions especially in high-latitude areas. It was found that input files used for deriving 2020 and 2021 data had, for a significant portion of Canadian weather stations, missing daily variable readings for the month of January. NCEI has corrected issues with the Environment Canada ingest feed which led to the missing readings. The revised 2020 and 2021 Daymet V4 R1 files were derived with new GHCNd inputs. Files outside of 2020 and 2021 have not changed from the previous V4 release.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-maximum-minimum-temperatur, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-water-vapor-indicators-vapor-pressure, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-snow-water-equivalent
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Daymet: Station-Level Inputs and Cross-Validation for North America, Version 4 R1

This dataset reports the station-level daily weather observation data and the corresponding cross-validation results for three Daymet model parameters: minimum temperature (tmin), maximum temperature (tmax), and daily total precipitation (prcp) across continental North America (including Canada, the United States, and Mexico), Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Each data file contains the daily observations and cross-validation results for one parameter for each modeled region and each year, that is, from 1980 to the current calendar year for stations across continental North America and Hawaii and from 1950 to the current year for Puerto Rico. Also included are corresponding station metadata files listing every surface weather station used in Daymet processing for each parameter, region, and year and containing the station name, station identification, latitude, and longitude. The data are provided in netCDF and text formats. In Version 4 R1, all 2020 and 2021 files were updated to improve predictions especially in high-latitude areas. It was found that input files used for deriving 2020 and 2021 data had, for a significant portion of Canadian weather stations, missing daily variable readings for the month of January. NCEI has corrected issues with the Environment Canada ingest feed which led to the missing readings. The revised 2020 and 2021 Daymet V4 R1 files were derived with new GHCNd inputs. Files outside of 2020 and 2021 have not changed from the previous V4 release.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-temperature-maximum-minimum-temperatur, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount-24-hour-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DC3 In-Situ DC-8 Aircraft Aerosol Data

DC3_Aerosol_AircraftInSitu_DC8_Data are in-situ aerosol data collected onboard the DC-8 aircraft during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. Data collection for this product is complete. The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign sought to understand the dynamical, physical, and lightning processes of deep, mid-latitude continental convective clouds and to define the impact of these clouds on upper tropospheric composition and chemistry. DC3 was conducted from May to June 2012 with a base location of Salina, Kansas. Observations were conducted in northeastern Colorado, west Texas to central Oklahoma, and northern Alabama in order to provide a wide geographic sample of storm types and boundary layer compositions, as well as to sample convection. DC3 had two primary science objectives. The first was to investigate storm dynamics and physics, lightning and its production of nitrogen oxides, cloud hydrometeor effects on wet deposition of species, surface emission variability, and chemistry in anvil clouds. Observations related to this objective focused on the early stages of active convection. The second objective was to investigate changes in upper tropospheric chemistry and composition after active convection. Observations related to this objective focused on the 12-48 hours following convection. This objective also served to explore seasonal change of upper tropospheric chemistry. In addition to using the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V (GV) aircraft, the NASA DC-8 was used during DC3 to provide in-situ measurements of the convective storm inflow and remotely-sensed measurements used for flight planning and column characterization. DC3 utilized ground-based radar networks spread across its observation area to measure the physical and kinematic characteristics of storms. Additional sampling strategies relied on lightning mapping arrays, radiosondes, and precipitation collection. Lastly, DC3 used data collected from various satellite instruments to achieve its goals, focusing on measurements from CALIOP onboard CALIPSO and CPL onboard CloudSat. In addition to providing an extensive set of data related to deep, mid-latitude continental convective clouds and analyzing their impacts on upper tropospheric composition and chemistry, DC3 improved models used to predict convective transport. DC3 improved knowledge of convection and chemistry, and provided information necessary to understanding the processes relating to ozone in the upper troposphere.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-cloud-condensation-nuclei, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-nitrate-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-organic-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
DC3 In-Situ NSF/NCAR GV-HIAPER Photolysis Rate Data

DC3_jValue_AircraftInSitu_NSF-GV-HIAPER_Data are in-situ photolysis rate data collected onboard the NSF/NCAR GV-HIAPER aircraft during the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign. Data collection for this product is complete. The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) field campaign sought to understand the dynamical, physical, and lightning processes of deep, mid-latitude continental convective clouds and to define the impact of these clouds on upper tropospheric composition and chemistry. DC3 was conducted from May to June 2012 with a base location of Salina, Kansas. Observations were conducted in northeastern Colorado, west Texas to central Oklahoma, and northern Alabama in order to provide a wide geographic sample of storm types and boundary layer compositions, as well as to sample convection. DC3 had two primary science objectives. The first was to investigate storm dynamics and physics, lightning and its production of nitrogen oxides, cloud hydrometeor effects on wet deposition of species, surface emission variability, and chemistry in anvil clouds. Observations related to this objective focused on the early stages of active convection. The second objective was to investigate changes in upper tropospheric chemistry and composition after active convection. Observations related to this objective focused on the 12-48 hours following convection. This objective also served to explore seasonal change of upper tropospheric chemistry. In addition to using the NSF/NCAR Gulfstream-V (GV) aircraft, the NASA DC-8 was used during DC3 to provide in-situ measurements of the convective storm inflow and remotely-sensed measurements used for flight planning and column characterization. DC3 utilized ground-based radar networks spread across its observation area to measure the physical and kinematic characteristics of storms. Additional sampling strategies relied on lightning mapping arrays, radiosondes, and precipitation collection. Lastly, DC3 used data collected from various satellite instruments to achieve its goals, focusing on measurements from CALIOP onboard CALIPSO and CPL onboard CloudSat. In addition to providing an extensive set of data related to deep, mid-latitude continental convective clouds and analyzing their impacts on upper tropospheric composition and chemistry, DC3 improved models used to predict convective transport. DC3 improved knowledge of convection and chemistry, and provided information necessary to understanding the processes relating to ozone in the upper troposphere.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-photochemistry-photolysis-rates
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration