AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
VLA 74-MHz Deep High-Resolution Survey Source Catalog

This table contains some of the results from a 74-MHz survey of a 165 deg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; region located near the North Galactic Pole (NGP). This survey has an unprecedented combination of both spatial resolution (25&quot; FWHM) and sensitivity (1-sigma as low as 24mJy/beam). The authors detect 949 sources at the 5-sigma level in this region, enough to begin exploring the nature of the 74-MHz source population. In their paper, they present differential source counts, spectral index measurements, and the size distribution as determined from counterparts in the high-resolution FIRST 1.4-GHz survey. They find a trend of steeper spectral indices for the brighter sources. Further, there is a clear correlation between spectral index and median source size, with the flat-spectrum sources being much smaller on average. Ultra-steep spectrum objects (power-law index alpha &lt;= -1.2, where S_nu ~ nu&lt;sup&gt;alpha&lt;/sup&gt;) are identified. These sources are excellent candidates for high-redshift radio galaxies. The data used to produce this survey come from observations taken on 1998 March 7 intended to map two normal galaxies at 74 MHz (NGC 4565 and NGC 4631). These two pointings were separated by 6.4 degrees, roughly the radius of the primary beam at 74 MHz, allowing them to be ideally combined to produce a single deep image roughly 17 x 10 degrees in size. The combination of VLA A-configuration resolution (25 arcsec), favorable ionospheric conditions, and pointings in directions near the NGP, where the background temperature is low, produced the deepest observation ever obtained below 100 MHz. The same algorithm that was used in the 1.4-GHz NVSS was used to identify and characterize sources in this 74-MHz survey. The source detection algorithm had a threshold such that sources must have both a peak and integrated flux density level of at least 5 times the local rms noise level. Since the rms noise level varied from 24 mJy/beam to 80 mJy mJy/beam at the chosen field edge, the absolute level of the source-detection threshold of 5-sigma likewise varied over the image. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2010 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/150/417/"&gt;CDS catalog J/ApJS/150/417/&lt;/a&gt; file table2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Transcriptional profiling of kidney tissue from mice flown on the Rodent Research Reference Mission-2 (RRRM-2)

In the Rodent Research Reference Mission (RRRM-2), forty female C57BL/6NTac mice were flown on the International Space Station. To assess differences in outcomes due to age, twenty 12 week-old and twenty 29 week-old mice were flown, respectively. To directly assess spaceflight effects, half of the young and old mice (10 old, 10 young) were sacrificed on-orbit after 55-58 days (ISS Terminal, ISS-T), while the other half (10 old, 10 young) were returned live to Earth after 32 days and allowed to recover for 24 days (Live Animal Return, LAR) before sacrifice. ISS-T and LAR mice were the same age at sacrifice. Both the ISS-T and LAR animals had independent ground controls (10 mice per group housed in flight hardware in matched environmental conditions), basal controls (10 mice per group sacrificed 2 days before launch), and vivarium controls (10 mice per group housed within standard vivarium habitats). Thus RRRM-2 included a total of 160 mice. This study includes bulk RNA sequencing ribodepleted gene expression data from the kidneys from 5 old and 5 young animals from each of the following groups: LAR basal (BSL), LAR ground control (GC), LAR vivarium control (VIV), LAR flight (FLT), ISS-T basal (BSL), ISS-T ground control (GC), ISS-T vivarium control (VIV), and ISS-T flight (FLT).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
IHW AMATEUR SPECTROGRAMS OF COMET 1P/HALLEY

Report of spectrograms of comet 1P/Halley taken by amateur astronomers and submitted as part of the International Halley Watch Amateur Network. No digital data are included in these files - only the observational parameters are recorded. The documented photographic plates have not been digitized or included in the archive directly.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HerMES 350 micron SUSSEXtractor Catalog

The Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) is a legacy programme (KPGT_soliver1) designed to map a set of nested fields totalling 380 sq. deg. Fields range in size from 0.01 to 20 sq. deg., using SPIRE at 250, 350 and 500 microns. These bands cover the peak of the redshifted thermal spectral energy distribution from interstellar dust and thus capture the reprocessed optical and ultraviolet radiation from star formation that has been absorbed by dust, and are critical for forming a complete multiwavelength understanding of galaxy formation and evolution.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Chandra Observations

This database table contains all of the observations made by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory (CXO, formerly known as the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility or AXAF) as part of the Performance Verification and Calibration (PVC) phase and also contains all of the subsequent Cycles&#39; Guaranteed Time Observers (GTO) and General Observer (GO) targets, and any Director&#39;s Discretionary Time (DDT) targets that have been observed. It also includes scheduled and as-yet-not-scheduled targets. The HEASARC updates this database table on a twice-weekly basis by querying the database table at the Chandra X-Ray Center (CXC) website, as discussed in the Provenance section. For observations whose status is &#39;archived&#39;, data products can be retrieved from the HEASARC&#39;s mirror of the CXC&#39;s Chandra Data Archive (CDA). The CXC should be acknowledged as the source of Chandra data. The PVC phase was during the first few months of the CXO mission; some of the calibration observations that are for monitoring purposes will be performed in later mission cycles. All calibration data (entries with Type = CAL in this database) are placed immediately into the CXO public data archive at the Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center (CXC); please see the Web page at &lt;a href="http://asc.harvard.edu/"&gt;http://asc.harvard.edu/&lt;/a&gt; for more information on the CXC data archive). GTO observations during Cycle 1 or any subsequent Cycle will probably occupy 100% of months 3-4, 30% of months 5-22, and 15% of the available time for the remainder of the mission. Guaranteed Time Observers will have the same proprietary data rights as General Observers (i.e., their data will be placed in the public CXC archive 12 months after they have received the data in usable form). For detailed information on the Chandra Observatory and datasets see: &lt;pre&gt; &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/&lt;/a&gt; for general Chandra information &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/cda/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/cda/&lt;/a&gt; for the Chandra Data Archive &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/cal/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/cal/&lt;/a&gt; for calibration information &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/caldb/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/caldb/&lt;/a&gt; for the calibration database &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/&lt;/a&gt; for data analysis &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/download/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/download/&lt;/a&gt; for analysis software &lt;a href="http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/threads/"&gt;http://cxc.harvard.edu/ciao/threads/&lt;/a&gt; for analysis threads &lt;a href="http://cda.harvard.edu/chaser/"&gt;http://cda.harvard.edu/chaser/&lt;/a&gt; for WebChaSeR &lt;/pre&gt; The HEASARC updates this database table on a twice-weekly basis based on information obtained from the Chandra Data Archive at the CXC website. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Impact of spaceflight on gene expression in cultured human mesenchymal stem/stromal cell

With technological advancements, human's desire to explore space is growing and more people are staying longer at the international space station (ISS). The impact of microgravity on stem cells (SC) is not fully understood. We explored the impact of microgravity on gene expression profile of cultured mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) at the ISS. We also evaluated how the new knowledge gained sheds light on our understanding of human physiology on Earth. Primary cultures of MSCs were expanded at the ISS for 1 or 2 weeks and mRNA was isolated from samples of the cultured cells. Gene expression profiles were determined and compared with samples from real-time ground control cultures. Differential gene expression, gene set enrichment analysis and determination of key genes were performed that revealed for the first time the existence of potential 'master regulators' coordinating a systemic response to microgravity. Cyclin D1 (CCND1), a protein-coding gene that regulates cell cycle progression and CDK kinases, was identified as the most connected regulator at week 1. Further analysis showed the impacted genes from cultured MSCs significantly correlated with known gene pathways associated with cell division, chromosomal segregation and nuclear division, extracellular matrix structure and organization, muscle apoptosis and differentiation. This study exemplifies the utility of space research to advance our understanding of human physiology both on Earth and in space. To investigate the effects of microgravity on MSC growth and understand the differences in gene expression profiles between microgravity and ground control environments, two groups of MSC were sent to the ISS. One group was cultured for one week, while the other was cultured for two weeks, with corresponding control groups processed similarly on Earth. The cells were then preserved and transferred back to the laboratory. Further Gene expression profiles were compared between samples to identify differentially expressed genes.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Planck PCCS2 143GHz Catalog

The second Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS2) is a set of single-frequency source catalogues extracted from the Planck full-mission maps in intensity and polarization. The 100, 143, 217, and 353 GHz catalogs include polarization measurements. The 857 GHz source list has six additional columns which give the flux densities and flux density uncertainties at the three adjacent lower frequencies: 217, 353, and 545 GHz.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Brera Multi-scale Wavelet ROSAT HRI Source Catalog

The Brera Multi-scale Wavelet ROSAT High Resolution Imager Source Catalog (BMW-HRI) is derived from all ROSAT HRI pointed observations with exposure time longer than 100 seconds available in the ROSAT public archives. The data were analyzed automatically using a wavelet detection algorithm suited to the detection and characterization of both point-like and extended sources. This algorithm is able to detect and disentangle sources in very crowded fields and/or in presence of extended or bright sources. Images have been also visually inspected after the analysis to ensure verification. The final catalog, derived from 4,303 observations, consists of 29,089 sources detected with a detection probability of greater or equal 4.2 sigma. For each source, the primary catalog entries provide name, position, count rate, flux and extension along with the relative errors. In addition, results of cross-correlations with existing catalogs at different wavelengths (FIRST, IRAS, 2MASS, and GSC2) are also reported. As an external check, the authors compared their catalog with the previously available ROSHRICAT catalog (both in its short and long versions) and were able to recover, for the short version, ~90% of the entries. The sky coverage of the entire HRI data set was computed by means of simulations. The complete BMW-HRI catalog provides a sky coverage of 732 square degrees down to a limiting flux of ~1x10&lt;sup&gt;-12&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; and of 10 square degrees down to ~1x10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. The authors were able to compute the cosmological log(N)-log(S) distribution down to a flux of about 1.2x10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. This catalog was ingested by the HEASARC in March 2003, based upon the &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/IX/34"&gt;CDS Catalog IX/34&lt;/a&gt; file catalog.dat.gz. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Head-Down Tilt As a Model for Intracranial and Intraocular Pressures, and Retinal Changes during Spaceflight (Subcutaneous Tissue and Subdural Space, Body Temperature and Intracranial Pressure Biotelemetry)

This ground-based program was intended to address the etiology of visual system structural and functional changes observed in astronauts during both inflight and postflight periods. Using the well-documented rat hindlimb suspension (HLS) model, functionally equivalent to human head-down bedrest, we examined the relationship between cephalic fluid shifts resulting from long-duration G-unloading and the regulation of intracranial and intraocular pressures, as well as the effects these same cephalic fluid shifts have on visual system structure and function. Animals were chronically instrumented with biotelemetry to continuously measure intracranial pressure. Additionally, regular intraocular pressure measurements were made by tonometry during long-term exposure to cephalic fluid shifts induced by suspension. MRI images visualizing the visual system morphology were collected from HLS and control animals at regular intervals. Retinal morphology and ultrastructure were examined at specified intervals both during HLS and post-HLS recovery by ophthalmic examinations. This program utilized both male and female subjects in order to examine possible sex differences in these responses. We also examined the possible contributory factors of aging and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) on these responses of the visual system. Further, in addition to mimicking the effects of long duration exposure to microgravity through the use of the HLS model, we examined the responses of our measured outcomes during long-term recovery in the post-HLS period. Collectively, these data will help  us to develop a model to both understand and predict the etiology of changes in visual structure and function in astronauts exposed to the microgravity of spaceflight and during postflight recovery. This study investigated the development of a translational mammalian model within the context of hindlimb unloading, sex, and aging by which the data generated using this model can facilitate the development of countermeasures to alleviate any visual system decrements arising from exposure to the microgravity spaceflight environment. This study derives results from Biotelemetry (body temperature and intraocular pressure) assay using implants in the subcutaneous tissue and subdural space. This study is related to results found in OSD-679 (eye) and OSD-680 (optic nerve).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
VeronCatalogofQuasars&AGN,13thEdition

This database table contains the 13th edition of the Catalog of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei by Veron-Cetty and Veron, and is an update of the previous versions. As in the previous editions, no information about absorption lines or X-ray properties is given, but absolute magnitides are provided, assuming a Hubble constant H&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 71 km/s/Mpc and a deceleration parameter q&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; = 0 (notice the change of cosmology from previous editions in which H&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; was assumed to be 50 km/s/Mpc). The present edition of this catalog contains 133336 quasars, 1374 BL Lac objects and 34231 active galaxies (including 15627 Seyfert 1 galaxies), for a grand total of 168941 objects, significantly more than the number of objects listed in the 12th edition (108080). The 13th edition includes positions and redshifts, as well as photometry (U, B, and V) and 6-cm and 20-cm flux densities, when available. 178 objects once proposed but now rejected as quasars are NOT included in the online version of this catalog: their names and positions are listed in the file &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/258/reject.dat"&gt;https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/258/reject.dat&lt;/a&gt;. This HEASARC table also does NOT contain the additional information on gravitationally lensed quasars and quasar pairs listed in Tables 3 and 4 of the published paper: these tables are available in electronic form at the CDS &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/248/"&gt;https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VII/248/&lt;/a&gt; files table2.dat and table3.dat (sic). The present edition of this catalog contains quasars with measured redshift known prior to July 1st, 2009. This online catalog was created by the HEASARC in April 2010 based on machine-readable tables obtained from the CDS (their catalog VII/258, files qso.dat, bllac.dat, and agn.dat). It was last updated in June 2012 to tweak some class values. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Effects of heavy particle irradiation and diet on object recognition memory in rats

On long-duration missions to other planets astronauts will be exposed to types and doses of radiation that are not experienced in low earth orbit. Previous research using a ground-based model for exposure to cosmic rays has shown that exposure to heavy particles, such as 56Fe, disrupts spatial learning and memory measured using the Morris water maze. Maintaining rats on diets containing antioxidant phytochemicals for 2 weeks prior to irradiation ameliorated this deficit. The present experiments were designed to determine: (1) the generality of the particle-induced disruption of memory by examining the effects of exposure to 56Fe particles on object recognition memory; and (2) whether maintaining rats on these antioxidant diets for 2 weeks prior to irradiation would also ameliorate any potential deficit. The results showed that exposure to low doses of 56Fe particles does disrupt recognition memory and that maintaining rats on antioxidant diets containing blueberry and strawberry extract for only 2 weeks was effective in ameliorating the disruptive effects of irradiation. The results are discussed in terms of the mechanisms by which exposure to these particles may produce effects on neurocognitive performance. This study derives behavior results from the novel object recognition assay. The original data derived from this study by Rabin et al. was transformed and used as part of a predictive modeling study by Dr. Mora, Dr. Wyrobek, Dr. Ben Brown et al. The study files contain both the original data and the transformed data produced by both research teams. For questions regarding the original study data and methods/assays, please contact the original study investigator and publication author Dr. Bernard Rabin (rabin@umbc.edu). For questions about the predictive modeling data files or how they were generated, please contact Dr. Mora (animora@berkeley.edu).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NEOWISE 2-Band Post-Cryo Single Exposure (L1b) Known Solar System Object Possible Association List

The NEOWISE Post-Cryo Data Release products were generated using data taken during the mission's Post-Cryo survey phase. This phase covers the time following the exhaustion of solid hydrogen in the WISE payload inner cryogen tank, when the detectors and optics gradually warmed until they reached a stable equilibrium temperature near 73.5 K. During this time, WISE's W1 and W2 detectors continued to acquire high quality imaging data with sensitivities close to that during the mission's cryogenic survey phases. The W3 and W4 detectors were fully saturated by the thermal emission from the warming telescope. WISE scanned approximately 70% of the sky during the Post-Cryo survey phase continuing with the same strategy that was used during the full cryogenic survey. \n\nThe Known Solar System Object Possible Associations List is a compendium of asteroids and comets, with orbits known at the time of WISE second-pass data processing, that were predicted to be within the field-of-view at the time of individual WISE exposures. Individual objects were observed multiple times, so may have multiple entries in the list. When the predicted position of a solar system object is in proximity to a detection in the WISE single-exposures, the WISE source position and brightness information are also provided.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Effects of Space Flight on Inflammasome Activation in the Brain of Mice (Brain, Western Blot and ECLIA)

Space exploration exposes astronauts to stressors that alter the immune response, rendering them vulnerable to infections and diseases. In this study, we aimed to determine the levels of inflammasome activation in the brains of mice that were housed in the International Space Station (ISS) for 37 days. C57BL/6 mice were launched to the ISS as part of NASA’s Rodent Research 1 Mission on SpaceX-4 CRS-4 Dragon cargo spacecraft from September 21st, 2014, to October 25th, 2014. Dissected mouse brains from that mission were analyzed by immunoblotting of inflammasome signaling proteins and Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) for inflammatory cytokine levels. Our data indicate decreased inflammasome activation in the brains of mice that were housed in the ISS for 37 days when compared to the brains of mice that were maintained on the ground, and in mice corresponding to the baseline group that were sacrificed at the time of launching of SpaceX-4. Moreover, we did not detect any significant changes in the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70 and IL-10 between the ground control and the flight groups. Together, these studies suggest that spaceflight results in a decrease in the levels of innate immune signaling molecules that govern inflammasome signaling in the brain of mice. This dataset derives results from the ECLIA and Western Blot assays using brain tissue.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration