AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Downscaled CHELSA projections for the Hawaiian Islands under four representative concentration pathways (RCPs; 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) for mid- (2040-2059), and late-century (2060-2079) scenarios

Global downscaled projections are now some of the most widely used climate datasets in the world, however, they are rarely examined for representativeness of local climate or the plausibility of their projected changes. Here we show steps to improve the utility of two such global datasets (CHELSA and WorldClim2) to provide credible climate scenarios for regional climate change impact studies. Our approach is based on three steps: 1) Using a standardized baseline period, comparing available global downscaled projections with regional observation-based datasets and regional downscaled datasets (if available); 2) bias correcting projections using observation-based data; and 3) creating ensembles to make use of the differential strengths of global downscaling datasets. We also explored the patterns and magnitude of change for these regional projected climate shifts to determine their plausibility as future climate scenarios using Hawaiʻi as an example region. While our ensemble projections were shown to largely reduce the deviations between model and observation-based current climate, we show projected climate shifts from these commonly used global datasets can fall well outside the range of future scenarios derived from fine-tuned regional downscaling efforts, and hence should be carefully evaluated. This data release includes a baseline (1983-2012) model as well future climate projections for mid- (2040-2059) and late-century (2060-2079) for three regionally-adapted global datasets (CHELSA, WorldClim2, and an ensemble). We considered mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) as our primary variables for comparison since they are the most widely used and desired datasets for climate impact studies. These regionally-downscaled future climate projections are available for various individual Global Circulation Models (GCMs) under four representative concentration pathways (RCPs; 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5) for each global dataset.

Tags: climate-shifts, downscaling, future-scenarios, global-circulation-models, hawaii, main-hawaiian-islands, regional-projections, usgs-62ce67c4d34e82ff904ac9a0
Organization: Department of the Interior
Probability of nitrate concentrations exceeding multiple thresholds of nitrate in shallow groundwater, Mid-Atlantic Region of the United States

This data release consists of rasters representing the probability of exceeding multiple thresholds of nitrate in shallow groundwater for the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States.  Each raster represents the results from multiple spatial-probability models that were developed using U.S. Geological Survey water-quality data in conjunction with geographic data such as land cover, geology, and soils. There are 10 rasters of predictions (PRED_1 through PRED_10) and 10 rasters of the highest possible probability (UPPER_1 through UPPER_10). The highest probability is the upper limit of the prediction confidence interval calculated as part of each model. Geospatial data provided are in the North American Albers equal-area conic projection at 1500-meter resolution.  
Please refer to the Supplemental Information and Process Steps elements of this metadata record for specific geographic data layers and statistical processes.

Tags: environment, geoscientificinformation, groundwater, inlandwaters, logistic-regression, mid-atlantic, national-water-quality-assessment, nitrate, region, united-states, usgs-62cf39c4d34e82ff904acb86
Organization: Department of the Interior
Measurements of mercury stable isotopes during planktonic uptake and photochemical demethylation of methylmercury

Laboratory experiments were performed between 2019 and 2020 to examine how dissolved organic matter (DOM) and phytoplankton (Raphidocelis subcapitata) cells alter mercury (Hg) uptake and isotope fractionation. Experiments were performed at ambient Hg to thiol ratios using natural organic matter isolates received from collaborators at the University of California-Davis. Two types of experiments were performed: (1) one set with SRFA isolates at two concentrations and Hg, termed uptake experiment, and (2) one set with DOM isolates, Hg, and cultured Raphidocelis subcapitata cells, termed sunlight exposure experiment. For additional experimental details, including culturing conditions, experimental set-up, and analysis, refer to the companion publication (Armstrong and others, 2023, TBD).

Tags: freshwater-ecosystems, isotope-geochemistry, mercury-analysis, mercury-contamination, usgs-62d0405dd34e82ff904ad2cf
Organization: Department of the Interior
Western bumble bee predicted occupancy (1998, 2020) and future projections (2050s), western conterminous United States

These data represent occupancy estimates for western bumble bee across the western conterminous United States. This product contains five raster layers (appearing as separate bands in a multi-band raster). The first two bands represent the predicted occupancy of western bumble bee in 1998 and 2020. We modeled western bumble bee occupancy as a function of climate and land cover. The last three bands represent future occupancy projections of western bumble bee into the mid-century (2050s). The future projections cover a range of expected changes in climate and land cover and are ranked as best-case (band 3), middle-case (band 4), and worst-case (band 5).

Tags: arizona, biota, bombus-occidentalis, california, colorado, ecosystems, future-projection, idaho, montana, nebraska, nevada, new-mexico, north-america, north-dakota, occupancy-probability, oregon, pollinators, south-dakota, united-states, usgs-62d06e91d34e82ff904ad3b4, utah, washington, western-bumble-bee, wildlife-biology, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chemistry data for assessment of the containment pond sediment at Pinyon Plain Mine, 2021

These data are comprised of measurements of elements (e.g., uranium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, etc.) in Pinyon Plain Mine containment pond sediment samples collected in calendar year 2021.

Tags: arizona, coconino, dissolved-metals, environment, grand-canyon, mine-sites, mining-and-mineral-extraction, mining-hazards, pinyon-plain-mine, sediment-analysis, usgs-62e143c3d34e10763b598fbd
Organization: Department of the Interior
Continuous Water Level, Salinity, and Temperature Data from Creeks and Monitoring Wells in Natural and Restored Wetlands on Cape Cod, Massachusetts, 2019

Environmental parameters affecting plant productivity and microbial respiration, such as water level, salinity, and groundwater temperature included in these datasets, are key components of wetland carbon cycling, carbon storage, and capacity to maintain elevation. Data were collected to (1) provide background data to evaluate potential differences in water level and carbon flux between wetland sites with differing elevation and tidal inundation and (2) facilitate applications of Blue Carbon projects in coastal wetlands. Associated child pages include continuous water level, salinity, and temperature from shallow wells installed in coastal wetland sites on Cape Cod, Massachusetts. These datasets are grouped by the project they support or by study site. Project study sites include salt marshes with natural tidal flow, salt marshes that were previously tidally restricted and have been restored, impounded coastal wetlands with restricted tidal flow inclusive of various vegetation types, and Phragmites dominated areas fringing natural salt marshes.

Tags: atmospheric-pressure, barnstable-county-606927, bass-creek-617465, boat-meadow-river-616844, cape-cod-606914, cape-cod-canal-619536, commonwealth-of-massachusetts-606926, ctd-measurement, dock-creek-616591, ecological-restoration, environment, field-experiments, field-inventory-and-monitoring, groundwater-level, inlandwaters, mill-creek-616621, sagamore-beach-617797, salinity, salt-marshes, scusset-beach-616340, surface-water-level, town-of-bourne-619412, town-of-eastham-619414, town-of-orleans-618257, town-of-sandwich-618259, usgs-62d18f37d34e87fffb2d4d1a, water-level-measurements, water-temperature, wetland-ecosystems, wetland-soils, wetlands
Organization: Department of the Interior
Estimated crop irrigation water use withdrawals in Ranegras Plain Groundwater Basin, Arizona for 2021

Observations of irrigated agricultural land within the Ranegras Plain Groundwater Basin in Arizona. Crops were verified in situ twice in 2021, first on May 19th and again on September 1st; based on digitized field boundaries. Field boundaries were digitized from U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Imagery Program images dated 2021 and supplemented with Landsat and Sentinel2 imagery collections accessed via the Sentinel Hub, Sentinel Playground (https://apps.sentinel-hub.com/sentinel-playground). Satellite images were also used to identify the length of the growing season and crop condition. Water withdrawals were calculated using the modified Blaney-Criddle model of calculating consumptive use (U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, 1992 appendix A) using crop coefficients from Doorenbos and Pruitt (1975), the number of acres with active crops, crop condition, and irrigation system efficiency. The withdrawal equation was modified from "Water withdrawals for irrigation, municipal, mining, thermoelectric-power, and drainage uses in Arizona outside of active management areas, 1991-2000" (Tadayon, 2005) to account for variations in water application.

Tags: agricultural-sites, arizona, groundwater, irrigation, la-paz, ranegras-plain-groundwater-basin, usgs-62d1d867d34e87fffb2d4e17, water-use
Organization: Department of the Interior
Stillwater Complex, Montana: Logs of core drilled by Chrome Corporation of America in the Mountain View area, 1988 to 1990

This dataset includes TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) images of graphic drill core logs showing associated drill core information, a TIFF image of the explanation for the lithology and structure sections of the logs, an Esri shapefile of the locations of the drill holes, and 17 individual .csv files of tabular data that were compiled from handwritten drill core logs. The drill core is from the Mountain View area of the Stillwater Complex, Montana and was drilled from 1988 to 1990 by the Chrome Corporation of America. The data shown in the graphic drill logs and contained within the .csv files includes lithologic, structure, grain size, sulfide, chromite, chromium, platinum, palladium, copper, and nickel mineralization information. The graphic drill logs were created using Golden software's Strater 5 drill core visualization software and are provided with both logarithmic and linear scales. The graphic drill logs are plotted using the depth recorded in the drill logs and do not reflect true thickness.
Two of the drill holes, MV89-550 and MV89-551, were logged by two different geologists (Dr. Roger Cooper and Rob Kell). The data shown in the graphic logs for those two holes were taken from Roger Cooper's logs, with the exception of the interval from 0 to 133 feet for drill hole MV89-550, which was taken from Rob Kell's log, as Roger Cooper did not log that interval for that particular drill hole. The .csv file names for Roger Cooper's logs contain "RC" in the file name and Rob Kell's contain "RK".
Some intervals of the drill core that correlate to chromitite zones were logged at two different scales: 1"=1' and 1"=10'.
All instances of question marks ("?") represent original data as written by the geologist. In areas where the hand-written notes were unreadable, the notation of "[unreadable]" was used.
See USGS SIR 2014-5183 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2014/5183/) for report and spatial data relating to the Stillwater Complex.

Tags: core-analysis, geochemistry, geoscientificinformation, montana, stillwater, usgs-62d1e675d34e87fffb2d4e1e
Organization: Department of the Interior
Biome-wide sagebrush core habitat and growth areas estimated from a threat-based conservation design

These data were compiled as a part of a landscape conservation design effort for the sagebrush biome and are the result of applying a spatially explicit model that assessed geographic patterns in Sagebrush Ecological Integrity and, a new quantitative measure of the intactness of sagebrush plant communities, used these results to identify Core Sagebrush Areas (CSAs), Growth Opportunity Areas (GOAs), and Other Rangeland Areas (ORAs). Our overall objective in this study was to characterize geographic patterns in ecological integrity of sagebrush ecosystems. These data represent the estimated integrity of sagebrush ecosystems, estimated from a spatial model that assigns high integrity in areas with abundant big sagebrush and perennial grass/forb cover and with minimal annual grass/forb cover, minimal conifers, and minimal human modification. This spatial model was applied over the entire sagebrush and was estimated for 5 historical time periods between 1998 and 2020, and for one future time period (2030-2060). For each time period, input data were derived from satellite imagery, and the spatial model used those input values to estimate Sagebrush Ecological Integrity. This approach to estimating ecological integrity was developed by consultation with experts from across the biome, allowing for the relationship between integrity and plant cover to vary among regions, as described in Doherty et al (2022). These data can be used to inform and prioritize conservation and restoration efforts across the sagebrush biome.

Tags: arizona, biogeography, biota, california, climate-change, colorado, conservation, conservation-design, core-sagebrush-areas, data-release, ecological-integrity, ecological-processes, ecosystem-resilience, environment, geographic-patterns, growth-areas, growth-opportunity-areas, habitats, human-impacts, human-modification, idaho, montana, natural-resource-management, nebraska, nevada, new-mexico, north-dakota, oregon, other-rangeland-areas, overlay, quantitative-data, remediation, remote-sensing, restoration, sagebrush-biome, south-dakota, temporal-scale, time-series-datasets, usgs-62d57e89d34e87fffb2dda62, utah, washington, western-united-states, wildlife-habitat, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
U.S. range-wide spatial prediction layers of lek persistence probabilities for greater sage-grouse

This dataset contains two predictive lek (breeding site) persistence raster layers covering the U.S. greater sage-grouse distribution. In the United States, locations where males display and breed with females (i.e., leks) are often monitored annually by state wildlife agencies, providing valuable information on the persistence of birds in the surrounding areas. A U.S. range-wide lek database was recently compiled for greater sage-Grouse (O’Donnell et al. 2021), providing a standardized source of information to build statistical models to evaluate environmental characteristics associated with lek persistence. The compiled lek database classified a subset of leks as being either active (leks currently used for breeding activities) or inactive (leks no longer used for breeding activities) based on count data collected over a 20-year monitoring period. We fit the outcome of a lek being active or inactive as a function of environmental predictors characterizing surrounding conditions in a logistic regression model. Covariates included sagebrush cover, pinyon-juniper cover, topography, precipitation, point and line disturbance densities, and landscape configuration metrics. We included the Bureau of Land Management habitat assessment areas (termed mid-scales) as regional random effects in the form of random intercepts and random slopes (for a subset of covariates). The final model included 13 covariates. We predicted conditional probabilities of lek persistence across the U.S. occupied range using the covariate layers and regional mid-scales, which we make available here as a 30-meter resolution continuous raster dataset. The predictions were conditional because they were specific to each mid-scale factor level (i.e., pixel predictions were influenced by the regional mid-scale polygon they fell within via the associated mid-scale intercept and random slope deviations). We applied sensitivity thresholds (capturing percentage of leks correctly classified as active) to the continuous probability layer to bin persistence probabilities into high, medium, low, and marginal areas of persistence, which we make available here as a 30-m categorical raster dataset.

Tags: biota, california, colorado, greater-sage-grouse, idaho, lek-persistence, montana, nevada, north-dakota, oregon, south-dakota, united-states, usgs-62d75444d34e3b97e58cad4b, utah, washington, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data Supporting Analysis of Relations Between Nutrient Concentrations in the Herring River on the Ebb Tide, near Wellfleet, Massachusetts and Environmental Conditions, 2015-2022.

This data release supports analyses of the relations between monthly average nutrient concentrations in the Herring River on the ebb tide near Wellfleet Massachusetts and monthly average precipitation, temperature, runoff, solar radiation, ocean water temperature, mean sea level, nutrient concentrations in Wellfleet Harbor, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen 2015-2021.
The Environmental_Variables.csv file contains the monthly average precipitation, temperature, runoff, solar radiation, ocean water temperature, mean sea level, nutrient concentrations in Wellfleet Harbor, and atmospheric deposition of nitrogen data.
The Velocity_andgage_height.csv file contains the data on surface water velocity that were used to determine the time of the beginning of flood and ebb tides from June 2020 through December 2021.  The gage height data were used as a backup to the velocity data for determining the time of the beginning of flood and ebb tides.

Tags: biota, cape-cod-massachusetts, herring-river-watershed-wellfleet-massachusetts, nutrients, suspended-sediments, usgs-62d82037d34e83b67d134f16, water-quality
Organization: Department of the Interior
MODFLOW-NWT model to simulate the groundwater flow system near Puget Sound, Pierce and King Counties, Washington

A three-dimensional groundwater flow model, constructed in MODFLOW-NWT, was developed to evaluate the groundwater flow system near Puget Sound, Pierce and King Counties, Washington. A steady-state model version was constructed to simulate equilibrium conditions, while a transient model version was constructed to simulate monthly variability from January 2005 to December 2015. The model was used to simulate several hydrologic scenarios. This data release contains the input and output files for the simulations described in the associated model documentation report (https://doi.org/10.3133/sir20245026v2).

Tags: environment, geoscientificinformation, groundwater, groundwater-model, inlandwaters, king-county, modflow-nwt, pierce-county, puget-sound, usgs-62d823d6d34e83b67d134f25, usgsgroundwatermodel, washington
Organization: Department of the Interior
Structural measurements and their calculated surface traces, South Kawishiwi area, Duluth Complex, Minnesota

This dataset includes a point shapefile representing structural measurements taken from a study area near the South Kawishiwi Intrusion in the Duluth Complex, Minnesota and a line shapefile representing the surface traces of the structural measurements. The structural measurements point file consists of a compilation of data from multiple published and unpublished sources. The surface trace file was created from these point data using an ArcGIS toolbox 'surface trace' tool (Open-File Report 2019-1136). The surface trace lines represent the lateral extension, projected onto the ground surface, of a geologic feature represented by the structural measurements.

Tags: geologic-structure, geoscientificinformation, usgs-62d82640d34e83b67d134f32
Organization: Department of the Interior
Bathymetric survey and stage-storage assessment of Quail Lake, Calif., collected in 2022

This bathymetric dataset provides an update to the stage-storage relation for Quail Lake (reservoir) located in the El Dorado National Forest, Calif. Bathymetric data was collected using a multibeam echo sounder to provide near-complete coverage and was merged with USGS 3DEP lidar to compute a DEM of the lake and near shore. The DEM was used to computed storage and surface area for a range of stage elevations. Results show that  the spillway elevation was 6799.3 feet (NAVD88) and the crest elevation was 6802.5 feet (NAVD88). At the spillway elevation the storage was 141.74 ac-ft with a surface area of 14.20 ac. At the crest elevation the storage was 190.05 ac-ft with a surface area of 15.89 ac.

Tags: bathymetric, california, eldorado-national-forest, elevation, quail-lake, reservoir-sedimentation, stage-storage-relation, usgs-62d86c8bd34e2842e1ed4f96
Organization: Department of the Interior
Chemistry data for assessment of the containment pond vegetation at Pinyon Plain Mine, 2021

These data are comprised of measurements of elements (e.g., uranium, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, etc.) in Pinyon Plain Mine containment pond vegetation samples collected in calendar year 2021.

Tags: arizona, biota, coconino, environment, grand-canyon, metals, mine-sites, mining-and-mineral-extraction, mining-hazards, pinyon-plain-mine, u-s-geological-survey-columbia-environmental-research-center, usgs-62e14535d34e10763b598fc3
Organization: Department of the Interior
2019 Hydrologic Data Summary for the Central Pine Barrens Region, Suffolk County, New York (ver. 2.0, February 2024)

This U.S. Geological Survey data release provides surface-water quality, streamflow, and groundwater-elevation data collected within the Central Pine Barrens (CPB) Region of Suffolk County, New York. The data were collected in cooperation with the Central Pine Barrens Commission and the Town of Brookhaven as part of a five-year comprehensive water-resources monitoring program.  Water quality and quality-assurance data from seven sites on two rivers (Carmans River- 5 sites and Peconic River - 2 sites) in the CPB are included. Carmans River sites were sampled four times throughout the year (fall, winter, spring, and summer) and Peconic River sites were sampled twice throughout the year (fall and spring). Water-quality field parameters measured during each site visit are included. All samples were analyzed for nutrients, major inorganics, and alkalinity. An annual set of organic samples for pesticide and pharmaceutical analysis were collected at one Carmans River site and two Peconic River sites. Periodic groundwater-elevation data collected from six CPB wells are included. Continuous (15-mimute interval)  groundwater-elevation data is included for one of the six wells.
First posted September 29, 2020, ver. 1.0 
Revised December 2022, ver. 1.1
Revised February 2024, ver. 2.0

Tags: carmans-river, central-pine-barrens, environmental-health, long-island, new-york, peconic-river, pine-barrens, river, stream, suffolk-county, surface-water, surface-water-quality, united-states, usgs-62d96502d34e2842e1edcf56, water-quality
Organization: Department of the Interior