AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Circadian rhythm of glycoprotein secretion in the vas deferens of the moth,

Background
          Reproductive systems of male moths contain circadian clocks, which time the release of sperm bundles from the testis to the upper vas deferens (UVD) and their subsequent transfer from the UVD to the seminal vesicles. Sperm bundles are released from the testis in the evening and are retained in the vas deferens lumen overnight before being transferred to the seminal vesicles. The biological significance of periodic sperm retention in the UVD lumen is not understood. In this study we asked whether there are circadian rhythms in the UVD that are correlated with sperm retention.
        
        
          Results
          We investigated the carbohydrate-rich material present in the UVD wall and lumen during the daily cycle of sperm release using the periodic acid-Shiff reaction (PAS). Males raised in 16:8 light-dark cycles (LD) showed a clear rhythm in the levels of PAS-positive granules in the apical portion of the UVD epithelium. The peak of granule accumulation occurred in the middle of the night and coincided with the maximum presence of sperm bundles in the UVD lumen. These rhythms persisted in constant darkness (DD), indicating that they have circadian nature. They were abolished, however, in constant light (LL) resulting in random patterns of PAS-positive material in the UVD wall. Gel-separation of the UVD homogenates from LD moths followed by detection of carbohydrates on blots revealed daily rhythms in the abundance of specific glycoproteins in the wall and lumen of the UVD.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Secretory activity of the vas deferens epithelium is regulated by the circadian clock. Daily rhythms in accumulation and secretion of several glycoproteins are co-ordinated with periodic retention of sperm in the vas deferens lumen.

Tags: circadian-rhythm, glycoprotein-secretion, moth-reproduction, nih, vas-deferens
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Alabama, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Alabama. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment, and medicare enrollees for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: adult-mental-health, alabama-behavioral-health, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 26. Major Depressive Episode in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2013 and 2014 NSDUHs

Table 26. Major Depressive Episode in the Past Year, by Age Group and State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2013 and 2014 NSDUHs

Tags: depression-prevalence, major-depression, mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase inhibits lipid peroxidation
		  in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury

Background:
          Hepatic injury after ischemia/reperfusion is attributed to the
				development of oxygen free radical (OFR)-mediated lipid peroxidation - a
				process that can be measured through its byproducts, specifically
				malondialdehyde. The use of free radical scavengers can offer significant
				protection against OFR-induced liver injury. We hypothesize that a new potent
				OFR scavenger, polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD), can inhibit
				OFR-mediated lipid peroxidation in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
        
        
          Methods:
          Twelve male Sprague-Dawley rats (300-350 g) were subjected to
				occlusion of the left and middle hepatic arteries and portal veins for 90 min,
				followed by 120 min reperfusion. PEG-SOD (5000 units/kg) was given intravenously
				before vascular occlusion and again immediately upon reperfusion to six rats.
				Normal saline was given to the remaining six rats to be used as a control
				group. The right hepatic lobe (used as internal control) and left hepatic lobe
				were harvested separately and tissue malondialdehyde was measured.
        
        
          Results:
          A marked increase in lipid peroxide was found in the normal saline
				group after 2 h reperfusion. Treatment with PEG-SOD prevented the rise in tissue
				malondialdehyde. The mean difference in the malondialdehyde between the left
				and right hepatic lobes were 13.20 ± 6.35 and 1.70 ± 3.65 nmol/g in the
				normal saline (control) and PEG-SOD groups, respectively. This difference was
				found to be statistically significant (P < 0.005) using
				Student's t-test.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          PEG-SOD can effectively attenuate hepatic ischemia/reperfusion
				injury by inhibiting OFR-mediated lipid peroxidation.

Tags: hepatic-ischemia, lipid-peroxidation, nih, peg-sod, reperfusion-injury
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Washington

This is the 2020 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Washington. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Missouri

These are the 2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Missouri. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: mental-health-services, missouri-mental-health, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table For Georgia

This is the 2021 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Georgia. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: georgia-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS): 2002-2012, State Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services

This report uses data from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) to examine treatment admission data in 2012, and trend data from 2002 to 2012, nationally, regionally (by the nine Census divisions), and by state or jurisdiction. The report provides information on the demographic and substance abuse characteristics of admissions to treatment aged 12 and older for abuse of alcohol and/or drugs in facilities that report to individual state administrative data systems.

Tags: alcohol-drug-abuse, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-admissions, treatment-episodes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
High correlation between the turnover of nucleotides under mutational pressure and the DNA composition

Background
          Any DNA sequence is a result of compromise between the selection and mutation pressures exerted on it during evolution. It is difficult to estimate the relative influence of each of these pressures on the rate of accumulation of substitutions. However, it is important to discriminate between the effect of mutations, and the effect of selection, when studying the phylogenic relations between taxa.
        
        
          Results
          We have tested in computer simulations, and analytically, the available substitution matrices for many genomes, and we have found that DNA strands in equilibrium under mutational pressure have unique feature: the fraction of each type of nucleotide is linearly dependent on the time needed for substitution of half of nucleotides of a given type, with a correlation coefficient close to 1. Substitution matrices found for sequences under selection pressure do not have this property. A substitution matrix for the leading strand of the Borrelia burgdorferi genome, having reached equilibrium in computer simulation, gives a DNA sequence with nucleotide composition and asymmetry corresponding precisely to the third positions in codons of protein coding genes located on the leading strand.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Parameters of mutational pressure allow us to count DNA composition in equilibrium with this mutational pressure. Comparing any real DNA sequence with the sequence in equilibrium it is possible to estimate the distance between these sequences, which could be used as a measure of the selection pressure. Furthermore, the parameters of the mutational pressure enable direct estimation of the relative mutation rates in any DNA sequence in the studied genome.

Tags: dna-composition, dna-mutation, nih, nucleotide-turnover, substitution-matrices
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2013 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for New Jersey

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for New Jersey for 2013. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program.  State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, evidence-based-practices, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) 1992-2002 National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services

This report presents results from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) for 2002 and trend data for 1992-2002. The report provides information on the demographic and substance abuse characteristics of the 1.9 million people admitted to treatment for abuse of alcohol and drugs in 2002 to facilities that report to individual state administrative data systems.

Tags: alcohol-drug-abuse, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-data, treatment-admissions
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Mycosin-1, a subtilisin-like serine protease of

Background
          Exported proteases are commonly associated with virulence in bacterial pathogens, yet there is a paucity of information regarding their role in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. There are five genes (mycP1-5) present within the genome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv that encode a family of secreted, subtilisin-like serine proteases (the mycosins). The gene mycP1 (encoding mycosin-1) was found to be situated 3700 bp (four ORF's) from the RD1 deletion region in the genome of the attenuated vaccine strain M. bovis BCG (bacille de Calmette et Guérin) and was selected for further analyses due to the absence of expression in this organism.
        
        
          Results
          Full-length, 50 kDa mycosin-1 was observed in M. tuberculosis cellular lysates, whereas lower-molecular-weight species were detected in culture filtrates. A similar lower-molecular-weight species was also observed during growth in macrophages. Mycosin-1 was localized to the membrane and cell wall fractions in M. tuberculosis by Western blotting, and to the cell envelope by electron microscopy. Furthermore, M. tuberculosis culture filtrates were shown to contain a proteolytic activity inhibited by mixed serine/cysteine protease inhibitors and activated by Ca2+, features typical of the subtilisins.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Mycosin-1 is an extracellular protein that is membrane- and cell wall-associated, and is shed into the culture supernatant. The protein is expressed after infection of macrophages and is subjected to proteolytic processing. Although proteolytically active mycosin-1 could not be generated recombinantly, serine protease activity containing features typical of the subtilisins was detected in M. tuberculosis culture filtrates.

Tags: macrophage-infection, mycobacterium-tuberculosis, mycosin-1, nih, serine-protease
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume precede the general circulatory effects of mechanical ventilation: a case report

Background:
          The haemodynamic as well as the ventilatory consequences of mechanical ventilation can be harmful in critically ill neonates. Newly developed ventilatory lung protective strategies are not always available immediately and in an acute situation the haemodynamic changes caused by mechanical ventilation can affect the oxygen delivery considerably. We report the case of a male neonate who was treated with conventional pressure-controlled mechanical ventilation because of respiratory distress and progressive respiratory acidosis resulting from meconium aspiration. Because of poor arterial oxygenation despite 100% inspired oxygen and increased ventilator settings, echocardiography was performed to exclude central haemodynamic reasons for low oxygen delivery.
        
        
          Method:
          Doppler echocardiography was used for the measurement of stroke volume and cardiac output. Pulse oximetry and aortic blood pressure were monitored continuously.
        
        
          Results:
          Echocardiography revealed no cardiac malformations or signs of persistent fetal circulation. When inspiratory pressures and duration were increased, beat-to-beat variation in stroke volume preceded decay in cardiac output. Stroke volume variations and oxygen saturation values guided ventilator settings until extracorporal membrane oxygenation could be arranged for. After recovery and discharge 4 weeks later the boy is progressing normally.
        
        
          Conclusion:
          Because oxygen delivery is dependent on both blood flow and arterial oxygen content, measurement of cardiac output as well as left heart oxygen saturation is a useful guide to optimizing oxygen delivery. This case report demonstrates how Doppler echocardiographic monitoring of beat-to-beat changes in stroke volume can be used to detect early negative haemodynamic effects of increased mechanical ventilation settings before cardiac output is affected.

Tags: echocardiography, mechanical-ventilation, neonatal-health, nih, stroke-volume
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Risk of mortality in a cohort of patients newly diagnosed with chronic atrial fibrillation

Objective
          To estimate the mortality rate of patients newly diagnosed with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) and compare it with the one in the general population. To evaluate the role of co-morbidity and other factors on the risk of dying among AF patients.
        
        
          Methods
          We used the General Practice Research Database in the UK to perform a retrospective cohort study. We followed a cohort of chronic AF patiens (N = 1,035) and an age and sex matched cohort of 5,000 subjects sampled from the general population. We used all deceased AF patients as cases (n = 234) and the remaining AF patients as controls to perform a nested case-control analysis. We estimated mortality risk associated with AF using Cox regression. We computed mortality relative risks using logistic regression among AF patients.
        
        
          Results
          During a mean follow-up of two years, 393 patients died in the general population cohort and 234 in the AF cohort. Adjusted relative risk of death in the cohort of AF was 2.5 (95%CI 2.1 – 3.0) compared to the general population. Among AF patients, mortality risk increased remarkably with advancing age. Smokers carried a relative risk of dying close to threefold. Ischaemic heart disease was the strongest clinical predictor of mortality with a RR of 3.0 (95% CI; 2.1–4.1). Current use of calcium channel blockers, warfarin and aspirin was associated with a decreased risk of mortality.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Chronic AF is an important determinant of increased mortality. Major risk factors for mortality in the AF cohort were age, smoking and cardiovascular co-morbidity, in particular ischaemic heart disease.

Tags: atrial-fibrillation, cohort-study, general-practice, mortality-risk, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) 1996-2006 National Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment Services

This report presents results from the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) for 2006 and trend data for 1996-2006. The report provides information on the demographic and substance abuse characteristics of the 1.8 million people admitted to treatment for abuse of alcohol and/or drugs in 2006 to facilities that report to individual state administrative data systems.

Tags: alcohol-drug-abuse, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, teds-admissions, treatment-episodes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Th1 and Th2 cytokines regulate proteoglycan-specific autoantibody isotypes and arthritis

BALB/c mice immunized with human cartilage proteoglycan (PG) develop arthritis accompanied by the production of autoantibodies to mouse cartilage PG. To determine whether the autoantibody isotype contributes to the onset and severity of arthritis, PG-specific serum IgG1 (Th2, IL-4-cytokine-supporting) and IgG2a (Th1, IFN-γ-controlling) concentrations were monitored during immunization with PG in IL-4-deficient and IFN-γ-deficient mice. Paradoxically, despite elevated IFN-γ, the PG-specific IgG1 isotype was significantly higher than the PG-specific IgG2a response, and the PG-specific IgG1 isotype was independent of IL-4. In contrast, the serum concentration of PG-specific IgG2a isotype was six times higher in IL-4-deficient mice than in wild-type controls. Moreover, the high concentration of PG-specific IgG2a isotype in IL-4-deficient mice corresponded to an increased severity of arthritis. The concentration of PG-specific IgG2a isotype was lower in IFN-γ-deficient mice than in wild-type mice, and the incidence and severity of arthritis also were significantly lower. Concentrations of PG-specific IgG2a isotype autoantibody correlated with the onset and severity of arthritis, suggesting a pathological role of this isotype, probably locally in the joint.

Tags: arthritis-mouse-model, autoantibody-isotypes, nih, proteoglycan-arthritis, th1-th2-cytokines
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Expression of the C5a receptor (CD88) on granulocytes and monocytes in patients with severe sepsis

Introduction
          Treatment of patients with severe sepsis with agents antagonising the effects of C5a has been proposed based on beneficial effects in animal experiments and in vitro studies demonstrating upregulation of the C5a receptor (CD88) on granulocytes by endotoxin.
        
        
          Materials and methods
          CD88 expression on leukocytes from 12 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock was analysed by flow cytometer, and serum complement factors C3a and C5b-9 were measured by enzyme immunoassay techniques.
        
        
          Results
          The granulocyte CD88 expression on day 1 was lowered (36; range, 2–59) in comparison with controls (63; range, 25–88) (P < 0.001), despite complement activation, while the monocyte CD88 expression was unchanged. The receptor reduction correlated significantly to the APACHE II score (r2 = 0.35, P < 0.05). The recovery of CD88 expression was slow.
        
        
          Discussion
          In contrast to the findings in animals, it is concluded that granulocyte CD88 expression is reduced at the time when the diagnosis of severe sepsis or septic shock can clinically be made. The reason for this needs further investigation but it may be due to a previous complement activation or to cytokine effects.

Tags: complement-activation, granulocyte-cd88, monocyte-cd88, nih, sepsis-cd88-expression
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 NSDUH Mental Health Surveillance Study Data Collection

This report describes the supplemental Mental Health Surveillance Study data collection to the 2012 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The MHSS staffing, data collection procedures and materials, data collection staff training, response rates, and quality control procedures.

Tags: data-collection, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use, survey-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: New Mexico, 2014

This is a behavioral health report for the state of New Mexico. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment, and medicare enrollees for the years 2009 to 2013.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, new-mexico, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Clinical review: Immunodepression in the surgical patient and increased susceptibility to infection

Several studies indicate that organ failure is the leading cause of death in surgical patients. An excessive inflammatory response followed by a dramatic paralysis of cell-mediated immunity following major surgery appears to be responsible for the increased susceptibility to subsequent sepsis. In view of this, most of the scientific and medical research has been directed towards measuring the progression and inter-relationship of mediators following major surgery. Furthermore, the effect of those mediators on cell-mediated immune responses has been studied. This article will focus on the effect of blood loss and surgical injury on cell-mediated immune responses in experimental studies utilizing models of trauma and hemorrhagic shock, which have defined effects on the immunoinflammatory response. Subsequently these findings will be correlated with data generated from surgical patients. The results of these studies may generate new approaches for the treatment of immunodepression following major surgery, thus reducing the susceptibility to infection and increasing the survival rate of the critical ill surgical patient.

Tags: cell-mediated-immunity, hemorrhagic-shock, nih, postoperative-infection, surgical-immunodepression
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services