AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
GHRSST Level 4 CMC0.2deg Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis (GDS version 2)

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 4 sea surface temperature (SST) analysis produced daily on an operational basis at the Canadian Meteorological Center. This dataset merges infrared satellite SST at varying points in the time series from the (A)TSR series of radiometers from ERS-1, ERS-2 and Envisat, AVHRR from NOAA-16,17,18,19 and METOP-A, and microwave data from TMI, AMSR-E and Windsat in conjunction with in situ observations of SST from drifting buoys and ships from the ICOADS program. It uses the previous days analysis as the background field for the statistical interpolation used to assimilate the satellite and in situ observations. This dataset adheres to the GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS) version 2 format specifications.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-foundation-sea-surface-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 CMC0.1deg Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis (GDS version 2)

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 4 sea surface temperature (SST) analysis produced daily on an operational basis at the Canadian Meteorological Center. This dataset merges infrared satellite SST at varying points in the time series from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) from NOAA-18,19, the European Meteorological Operational-A (METOP-A) and Operational-B (METOP-B), and microwave data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) onboard the GCOM-W satellite in conjunction with in situ observations of SST from drifting buoys and ships from the ICOADS program. It uses the previous days analysis as the background field for the statistical interpolation used to assimilate the satellite and in situ observations. This dataset adheres to the GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS) version 2 format specifications.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-foundation-sea-surface-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 AVHRR_OI Global Blended Sea Surface Temperature Analysis (GDS2) from NCEI

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) global Level 4 sea surface temperature dataset is produced daily on a 0.25 degree grid at the NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. This product uses optimal interpolation (OI) by interpolating and extrapolating SST observations from different sources, resulting in a smoothed complete field. The sources of data are satellite (AVHRR) and in situ platforms (i.e., ships, buoys, and Argo floats above 5m depth), and the specific datasets employed may change over time. In the regions with sea-ice concentration higher than 30%, freezing points of seawater are used to generate proxy SSTs. A preliminary version of this dataset is produced in near-real time (1-day latency), and then replaced with a final version after 2 weeks. The v2.1 (Huang et al. 2021) is updated from the previous AVHRR_OI-NCEI-L4-GLOB-v2.0 data. Major improvements include: 1) In-situ ship and buoy data changed from the NCEP Traditional Alphanumeric Codes (TAC) to the NCEI merged TAC + Binary Universal Form for the Representation (BUFR) data, with large increases of buoy data included to correct satellite SST biases; 2) Addition of Argo float observed SST data as well, for further correction of satellite SST biases; 3) Satellite input from the METOP-A and NOAA-19 to METOP-A and METOP-B, removing degraded satellite data; 4) Revised ship-buoy SST corrections for improved accuracy; and 5) Revised sea-ice-concentration to SST conversion to remove warm biases in the Arctic region. These updates only apply to data after January 1st, 2016. The data pre 2016 are still the same as v2.0 except for metadata upgrades. NCEI has panned to update the entire dataset from 1982 to fix the In-Situ data ingest and bias correction which exist prior 2016.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-foundation-sea-surface-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 3U NOAA STAR SST v2.80 from VIIRS on S-NPP Satellite

The Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS), starting with S-NPP launched on 28 October 2011, is the new generation of the US Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES). The ACSPO SNPP/VIIRS L3U (Level 3 Uncollated) product is a gridded version of the ACSPO NPP/VIIRS L2P product available here https://podaac.jpl.nasa.gov/dataset/VIIRS_NPP-STAR-L2P-v2.80 . The L3U output files are 10-minute granules in netCDF4 format, compliant with the Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Data Specification version 2 (GDS2). There are 144 granules per 24hr interval, with a total data volume of 0.5GB/day. Fill values are reported at all invalid pixels, including pixels with >5 km inland. For each valid water pixel (defined as ocean, sea, lake or river, and up to 5 km inland), the following layers are reported: SSTs, a subset of l2p_flags (including day/night, land, ice, twilight, and glint flags), wind speed, and ACSPO SST minus reference (Canadian Met Centre 0.1deg L4 SST; available at https://www.doi.org/10.5067/GHCMC-4FM03). Only L2P SSTs with QL=5 were gridded, so all valid SSTs are recommended for the users. Per GDS2 specifications, two additional Sensor-Specific Error Statistics layers (SSES bias and standard deviation) are reported in each pixel with valid SST. The ACSPO VIIRS L3U product is monitored and validated against iQuam in situ data in SQUAM. The v2.80 is an updated version from the v2.61 with several L2P algorithm improvements including two added thermal front layers, mitigated warm biases in the high latitudes, and improved clear-sky mask.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-skin-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 GAMSSA_28km Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis v1.0 dataset (GDS2)

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 4 sea surface temperature analysis, produced daily on an operational basis at the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) using optimal interpolation (OI) on a global 0.25 degree grid. This Global Australian Multi-Sensor SST Analysis (GAMSSA) v1.0 system blends satellite SST observations from passive infrared and passive microwave radiometers with in situ data from ships, drifting buoys and moorings from the Global Telecommunications System (GTS). SST observations that have experienced recent surface wind speeds less than 6 m/s during the day or less than 2 m/s during night are rejected from the analysis. The processing results in daily foundation SST estimates that are largely free of nocturnal cooling and diurnal warming effects. Sea ice concentrations are supplied by the NOAA/NCEP 12.7 km sea ice analysis. In the absence of observations, the analysis relaxes to the Reynolds and Smith (1994) Monthly 1 degree SST climatology for 1961 - 1990.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-sea-surface-foundation-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 DMI_OI Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature Analysis (GDS version 2)

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) Level 4 sea surface temperature analysis produced daily on an operational basis by the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) using an optimal interpolation (OI) approach on a global 0.05 degree grid. The analysis is based upon nighttime GHRSST L2P skin and subskin SST observations from several satellites. The sensors include the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI), the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2), the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on Aqua. An ice field from the EUMETSAT OSI-SAF is used to mask out areas with ice. This dataset adheres to the version 2 GHRSST Data Processing Specification (GDS).

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 MW_OI Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature analysis version 5.1 from REMSS

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) global Level 4 sea surface temperature analysis produced daily on a 0.25-degree grid at Remote Sensing Systems. This product uses optimal interpolation (OI) from microwave (MW) sensors including the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI), the NASA Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E), the WindSat on the Coriolis satellite, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI), and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) onboard the GCOM-W1 satellite. These MW sensors are used through the SST production based on the sensor data availability. The through-cloud capabilities of microwave radiometers provide a valuable picture of global sea surface temperature (SST). This analysis does not use any in situ SST data such as drifting buoy SST. Compared with the previous version 5.0 dataset, version 5.1 is processed using updated input files, the sensor-specific error statistics (SSES) for each microwave sensor are updated, and deficiencies in the OI processing have been addressed.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-sea-surface-foundation-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
GHRSST Level 4 MW_IR_OI Global Foundation Sea Surface Temperature analysis version 5.1 from REMSS

A Group for High Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (GHRSST) global Level 4 sea surface temperature analysis produced daily on a 0.09-degree grid at Remote Sensing Systems. This product uses optimal interpolation (OI) from microwave (MW) sensors including the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI), the NASA Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer-EOS (AMSR-E), the WindSat on the Coriolis satellite, the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI), and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) onboard the GCOM-W1 satellite, as well as infrared (IR) sensors such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the NASA Aqua and Terra platforms and the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi-NPP and NOAA-20 satellites. These MW sensors are used through the SST production based on the sensor data availability. The through-cloud capabilities of microwave radiometers provide a valuable picture of global sea surface temperature (SST) while infrared radiometers (i.e., MODIS) have a higher spatial resolution. This analysis does not use any in situ SST data such as drifting buoy SST. Compared with the previous version 5.0 dataset, version 5.1 is processed using updated input files, VIIRS on NOAA-20 is included, the sensor-specific error statistics (SSES) for each microwave sensor are updated, and deficiencies in the OI processing have been addressed.

Tags: earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature-sea-surface-foundation-temperatu
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FIREX-AQ NOAA-MET Twin Otter Data

FIREXAQ_N46_Data are the wind profile and fire temperature data collected onboard the NOAA-MET Twin Otter during FIREX-AQ. This product includes data collected by the Nighttime Fire Observations eXperiment (NightFOX) UAS and wind lidar. Data collection for this product is complete. This data was collected by the NOAA Chemical Sciences Laboratory (CSL). Completed during summer 2019, FIREX-AQ utilized a combination of instrumented airplanes, satellites, and ground-based instrumentation. Detailed fire plume sampling was carried out by the NASA DC-8 aircraft, which had a comprehensive instrument payload capable of measuring over 200 trace gas species, as well as aerosol microphysical, optical, and chemical properties. The DC-8 aircraft completed 23 science flights, including 15 flights from Boise, Idaho and 8 flights from Salina, Kansas. NASA’s ER-2 completed 11 flights, partially in support of the FIREX-AQ effort. The ER-2 payload was made up of 8 satellite analog instruments and provided critical fire information, including fire temperature, fire plume heights, and vegetation/soil albedo information. NOAA provided the NOAA-CHEM Twin Otter and the NOAA-MET Twin Otter aircraft to measure chemical processing in the lofted plumes of Western wildfires. The NOAA-CHEM Twin Otter focused on nighttime plume chemistry, from which data is archived at the NASA Atmospheric Science Data Center (ASDC). The NOAA-MET Twin Otter collected measurements of air movements at fire boundaries with the goal of understanding the local weather impacts of fires and the movement patterns of fires. Additionally, a ground-based station in McCall, Idaho and several mobile laboratories provided in-situ measurements of aerosol microphysical and optical properties, aerosol chemical compositions, and trace gas species. The Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign was a NOAA/NASA interagency intensive study of North American fires to gain an understanding on the integrated impact of the fire emissions on the tropospheric chemistry and composition and to assess the satellite’s capability for detecting fires and estimating fire emissions. The overarching goal of FIREX-AQ was to provide measurements of trace gas and aerosol emissions for wildfires and prescribed fires in great detail, relate them to fuel and fire conditions at the point of emission, characterize the conditions relating to plume rise, and follow plumes downwind to understand chemical transformation and air quality impacts.

Tags: earth-science-altitude-atmosphere, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-profiles, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-dynamics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere Model Output

DCOTSS-Model-Output features numerical model output for the Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere sub-orbital campaign. Featured in this product are trajectory calculations, convection-permitting model simulations, and chemistry model output. Air parcel trajectories are computed using the TRAJ3D trajectory model. Two types of trajectory products are created: flight trajectories and overshoot trajectories. Flight trajectories will be initialized every second along each Dynamics and Chemistry of the Summer Stratosphere (DCOTSS) flight track and run backwards for up to 10 days. Overshoot trajectories will be initialized in overshoot volumes identified from both GridRad radar and GOES satellite data every 10 minutes and run forward for up to 5 days. Convection allowing model simulations are carried out using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). These will aid in the evaluation of aircraft observations and evaluate the ability of numerical models to represent overshooting convection and transport. Photodissociation frequencies (J values) will also be computed using a radiative transfer model of the UV and Visible (UV/Vis) spectral regions. Data collection for this product is ongoing and currently only features the first deployment. Each summer the North American Monsoon Anticyclone (NAMA) dominates the circulation of the North-Western Hemisphere and acts to partially confine and isolate air from the surrounding atmosphere. Strong convective storms in the NAMA regularly reach altitudes deep into the lower stratosphere, with some ascending above 20 km. These storms carry water and pollutants from the troposphere into the otherwise very dry stratosphere, where they can have a significant impact on radiative and chemical processes, potentially including destruction of stratospheric ozone. The DCOTSS field campaign is a NASA Earth Venture Suborbital research project aimed at investigating these thunderstorms. DCOTSS utilizes NASA’s ER-2 aircraft and conducted two ~8-week science deployments based out of Salina, KS spanning early to late summer.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-dynamics, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Explorer-7 Thermal Radiation Experiment Selected White Sensor Temperature (Nighttime) Values V001 (EXP7L1TRTWHT) at GES DISC

Explorer-7 Thermal Radiation Experiment Selected White Sensor Temperature (Nighttime) Values product contains the temperatures measured by the white sensor at night. The white sensor was designed to measure terrestrial radiation. There is a single file for the entire mission (Nov. 15, 1959 to May 24, 1960). The data were originally written on IBM 7094 machines to magnetic tapes. In addition to the temperature values, the file contains radiance, geolocation and orbit information. The data have been restored and are archived in their original IBM EBCDIC text format. The Explorer-7 satellite was successfully launched on October 13, 1959. The radius of the circle of coverage was about 23 deg (~2500 km) at perigee and 31.5 deg (~3500 km) at apogee. Half the radiation is received from an area below the satellite with a radius of 5.3 deg (545 km) at perigee and 9 deg (~1015 km) at apogee. The Thermal Radiation Experiment successfully returned the first set of Earth looking data from space. The instrument was operational from launch until Feb. 28, 1961. The Principal Investigator for these data was Verner E. Suomi from the University of Wisconsin. This product was previously available from the NSSDC with the identifier ESAD-00248 (old ID 59-009A-01A).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-earth-radiation-budget
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Earth Radiation area average time series through Wide-field-of-view nonscanner aboard Earth Radiation Budget Satellite

Understanding the mean and variability of the Earth’s radiation budget (ERB) at the Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA) and surface is a fundamental quantity governing climate variability and, for that reason, NASA has been making concerted efforts to observe the ERB since1984 through two projects: ERBE and CERES, that span nearly 30 years to date. The proposed project utilizes knowledge gained in the last 10 years through CERES data analyses and apply the knowledge to existing data to develop long-term (nearly 30 years) consistent and calibrated data product (TOA irradiances at the same radiometric scale) from multiple missions (ERBS and CERES). This project proposes to produce level 3 surface irradiance products that are consistent with observed TOA irradiances in a framework of 1D radiative transfer theory. Based on these TOA and surface irradiance products, a data product will be developed which contains the contribution of atmospheric and cloud property variability to TOA and surface irradiance variability. All algorithms used in the process are based on existing CERES algorithms. All data sets produced by this project will be available from the Atmospheric Science Data Center.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-net-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-outgoing-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) S-10 Wide Field of View (WFOV) Numerical Filter (NF) Earth Flux and Albedo

ERBE_S10_WFOV_NF_NAT_1 is the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE) S-10 Wide Field of View (WFOV) Numerical Filter (NF) Earth Flux and Albedo data product. Data collection for this product is complete. It is available in the Native (NAT) Format. ERBE was a multi-satellite system designed to measure the Earth's radiation budget. The ERBE instruments flew on a mid-inclination National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) and two sun-synchronous National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) satellites (NOAA-9 and NOAA-10). Each satellite carried both a scanner and a non-scanner instrument package. The non-scanner instrument package contained four Earth-viewing channels and a solar monitor. The Earth-viewing channels had two spatial resolutions: a horizon-to-horizon view of the Earth, and a field-of-view limited to about 1000 km in diameter. The former was called WFOV and the latter the medium field-of-view (MFOV) channels. The solar monitor was a direct descendant of the Solar Maximum Mission's Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor detector. Due to the concern for spectral flatness and high accuracy, all five of the channels were active cavity radiometers. The MFOV (medium-field-of-view) SF (shape factor) S-10 contained inverted daily, monthly hourly, and monthly averages of shortwave and long-wave radiant fluxes at the top-of-the-atmosphere for one month. This data set was produced for each of the satellites (ERBS and NOAA-9) and the combination of satellites, which were operational during the data month. The values for this data set were derived using the shape factor technique (Smith et al. 1986). As described in the Earth Radiant Fluxes and Albedo, Scanner S-9, Non-scanner S-10/S-10N User's Guide, the data contains a 30 byte header, 67 scale factors which were used to scale the data in the first record, and 26 scale factors which were used to scale the data in the second record. The data set also contained two records for each processed region. The first record was of fixed length (990 words) and contained averaged data. The second record was of variable length and contained individual hour box estimates. The length of the second record, in words, was calculated by multiplying the number of hour boxes (978th word of record one) by the number of values stored for each hour box (38 for the non-scanner).

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-outgoing-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-irradiance, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-solar-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration