AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
2018-2020 NSDUH Substate Region Estimates Categorized Into Seven Groups, By Age Group

Substate estimates for these years are no longer available due to methodological concerns with combining 2020 data with data from 2018 and 2019. We apologize for any inconvenience or confusion this may cause.Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, most respondents answered the survey via the web in Quarter 4 of 2020, even though all responses in Quarter 1 were from in-person interviews. It is known that people may respond to the survey differently while taking it online, thus introducing what is called a mode effect.When the state estimates were released, it was assumed that the mode effect was similar for different groups of people. However, later analyses have shown that this assumption should not be made. Because of these analyses, along with concerns about the rapid societal changes in 2020, it was determined that averages across the three years could be misleading.For more detail on this decision, see the 2018-2020substate data page.

Tags: behavioral-health, mental-health, nsduh, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Wisconsin

These are the 2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Wisconsin. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, urs-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN): National Estimates from Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2024

This report presents data on national estimates of substance-related ED visits from 60 participating DAWN hospitals in 2024. The data includes (1) all drug-related ED visits, (2) the top substances involved in drug-related ED visits, (3) opioid-related ED visits by type, and (4) polysubstance-related ED visits.

Tags: drug-related-ed, emergency-department, opioid-overdose, samhsa, substance-abuse
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Increasing the satisfaction of general practitioners with continuing medical education programs: A method for quality improvement through increasing teacher-learner interaction

Background
          Continuing medical education (CME) for general practitioners relies on specialist-based teaching methods in many settings. Formal lectures by specialists may not meet the learning needs of practitioners and may cause dissatisfaction with traditional CME. Increasing learner involvement in teaching programs may improve learner satisfaction.
        
        
          Methods
          A quality improvement program for CME for 18 general practitioners in the Tel Aviv region was designed as a result of dissatisfaction with traditional CME activities. A two-step strategy for change was developed. The CME participants first selected the study topics relevant to them from a needs assessment and prepared background material on the topics. In the second step, specialist teachers were invited to answer questions arising from the preparation of selected topics. Satisfaction with the traditional lecture program and the new participatory program were assessed by a questionnaire. The quality criteria included the relevance, importance and applicability of the CME topic chosen to the participant's practice, the clarity of the presentation and the effective use of teaching aids by the lecturer and the potential of the lecturer to serve as a consultant to the participant.
        
        
          Results
          The participatory model of CME significantly increased satisfaction with relevance, applicability and interest in CME topics compared to the traditional lecture format.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Increased learner participation in the selection and preparation of CME topics, and increased interaction between CME teachers and learners results in increased satisfaction with teaching programs. Future study of the effect of this model on physician performance is required.

Tags: cme-satisfaction, general-practitioners, nih, quality-improvement, teacher-learner-interaction
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Molecular archeology of L1 insertions in the human genome

A detailed analysis of the anatomy and distribution of L1 elements in the human genome was carried out using a new computer program, TSDfinder, designed to identify transposon boundaries precisely. Conclusions: The sequence data give no indication that the creation of L1 structural variants depends on characteristics of the insertion locus.

Tags: human-genome, l1-retrotransposons, nih, structural-variants, tsd-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Managing Obstetric Emergencies and Trauma (MOET) structured skills training in Armenia, utilising models and reality based scenarios

Background
          Mortality rates in Western Europe have fallen significantly over the last 50 years. Maternal mortality now averages 10 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births but in some of the Newly Independent States of the former Soviet Union, the ratio is nearly 4 times higher. The availability of skilled attendants to prevent, detect and manage major obstetric complications may be the single most important factor in preventing maternal deaths. A modern, multidisciplinary, scenario and model based training programme has been established in the UK (Managing Obstetric Emergencies and Trauma (MOET)) and allows specialist obstetricians to learn or revise the undertaking of procedures using models, and to have their skills tested in scenarios.
        
        
          Methods
          Given the success of the MOET course in the UK, the organisers were keen to evaluate it in another setting (Armenia). Pre-course knowledge and practice questionnaires were administered. In an exploratory analysis, post-course results were compared to pre-course answers obtained by the same interviewer.
        
        
          Results
          All candidates showed an improvement in post-course scores. The range was far narrower afterwards (167–188) than before (85–129.5). In the individual score analysis only two scenarios showed a non-significant change (cord prolapse and breech delivery).
        
        
          Conclusion
          This paper demonstrates the reliability of the model based scenarios, with a highly significant improvement in obstetric emergency management. However, clinical audit will be required to measure the full impact of training by longer term follow up. Audit of delays, specific obstetric complications, referrals and near misses may all be amenable to review.

Tags: armenia, maternal-mortality, nih, obstetric-emergencies, skills-training
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Iowa, 2015

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Iowa. The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Uniform Reporting System. The topics addressed in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, mental health and treatment, substance use and substance use treatment.

Tags: behavioral-health, iowa-health, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Illinois, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Illinois. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: adult-mental-health, illinois-behavioral-health, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Michigan, 2014

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Michigan. It uses the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, and substance use treatment for the years 2009 to 2013.

Tags: mental-health-indicators, michigan-behavioral-health, samhsa, substance-use-trends, youth-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Upregulation of nitric oxide synthase in mice with severe hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension

Background
          The importance of nitric oxide (NO) in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension has been demonstrated using nitric oxide synthase (NOS) knockout mice. In that model NO from endothelial NOS (eNOS) plays a central role in modulating pulmonary vascular tone and attenuating hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. However, the normal regulation of NOS expression in mice following hypoxia is uncertain. Because genetically engineered mice are often utilized in studies of NO, we conducted the present study to determine how hypoxia alters NOS expression in wild-type mice.
        
        
          Method
          Mice were exposed to sea level, ambient conditions (5280 feet) or severe altitude (17,000 feet) for 6 weeks from birth, and hemodynamics and lung NOS expression were assessed.
        
        
          Results
          Hypoxic mice developed severe pulmonary hypertension (right ventricular systolic pressure [RVsP] 60 mmHg) as compared with normoxic mice (27 mmHg). Using quantitative reverse-transcription PCR, it was found that expressions of eNOS and inducible NOS (iNOS) increased 1.5-fold and 3.5-fold, respectively, in the lung. In addition, the level of lung eNOS protein was increased, neuronal NOS (nNOS) protein was unchanged, and iNOS was below the limit of detection. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated no change in lung iNOS or nNOS staining in either central or peripheral areas, but suggested increased eNOS in the periphery following hypoxia.
        
        
          Conclusion
          In mice, hypoxia is associated with increases in lung eNOS, possibly in iNOS, but not in nNOS; this suggests that the pattern of lung NOS expression following hypoxia must be considered in studies using genetically engineered mice.

Tags: hypoxia-induced, mouse-model, nih, nitric-oxide-synthase, pulmonary-hypertension
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Is it Crohn's disease? A severe systemic granulomatous reaction to sulfasalazine in patient with rheumatoid arthritis

Background
          Sulfasalazine is a widely used anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and several rheumatological disorders. Although as many as 20% of treated patients may experience reversible, dose-dependent side effects, less frequent but potentially severe, systemic reactions have also been reported.
        
        
          Case Presentation
          A severe systemic reaction to sulfasalazine developed in a 21-year old female with rheumatoid arthritis characterized by eosinophilia, granulomatous enteritis and myelotoxicity, cholestatic hepatitis, and seizures. The clinical course and management of this patient are presented as well as a review of the incidence and outcome of severe systemic reactions to sulfasalazine.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Granulomatous myelotoxicity and enteritis developed in a 21 year old female within 3 weeks of initiating sulfasalazine for rheumatoid arthritis. Following a short course of corticosteroids, the patient had resolution of her cholestatic hepatitis, rash, eosinophilia, and gastrointestinal symptoms with no residual manifestations at 7 months follow-up. Although severe reactions to sulfasalazine are rare and unpredictable, practicing physicians should be aware of unusual clinical presentations of toxicity when prescribing sulfasalazine.

Tags: drug-toxicity, granulomatous-enteritis, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, sulfasalazine-reaction
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: Michigan, 2015

This is a behavioral health report for the state of Michigan. The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Uniform Reporting System. The topics addressed in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, mental health and treatment, substance use and substance use treatment.

Tags: adult-substance-use, mental-health-treatment, michigan-behavioral-health, samhsa, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Seattle: Drug-Related Emergency Department Visits, 2004-2011 - Nonmedical Use of Pharmaceuticals

Excel file with estimates, rates, relative standard errors, trends and confidence intervals for all drug-related emergency department (ED) visits involving the nonmedical use of pharmaceuticals (prescription and over-the-counter medications and dietary supplements) for the Seattle metropolitan area, covering 2004-2011.  Nonmedical use includes patients who took a higher than prescribed or recommended dose of their own medication, patients who took a pharmaceutical prescribed for another person, malicious poisoning of the patient by another individual, and documented substance abuse involving pharmaceuticals

Tags: drug-related-ed, emergency-department-visits, pharmaceutical-misuse, samhsa, seattle-metro
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Ecdysteroids and oocyte development in the black fly

Background
          Oocyte development was studied in the autogenous black fly, Simulium vittatum (Diptera, Nematocera), a vector of Onchocerca volvulus, the causative agent of onchocerciasis.
        
        
          Results
          Oocyte growth was nearly linear between adult eclosion and was complete by 72 hours at 21°C. The oocyte became opaque at 14 hours after eclosion indicating the initiation of protein yolk deposition. The accumulation of vitellogenin was measured using SDS-PAGE. The density of the yolk protein bands at about 200 and 65 kDa increased during the first and second days after eclosion. The amount of protein in the 200 kDa band of vitellogenin, determined using densitometry, rapidly increased between 12 and 25 hours after eclosion. Ecdysteroid levels were measured using a competitive ELISA. Ecdysteroid levels increased rapidly and subsequently declined during the first day after eclosion.
        
        
          Conclusion
          These data show a correlation between the appearance of vitellogenin in the oocyte, and the rise in ecdysteroids. A possible relationship to molting of the nematode, Onchocerca volvulus, is discussed.

Tags: ecdysteroid-levels, nih, oocyte-development, simulium-vittatum, vitellogenin
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Case report: Survival after deliberate strychnine self-poisoning, with toxicokinetic data

Introduction
          Strychnine poisoning is uncommon, and in most severe cases, the patient dies before reaching hospital. The management of strychnine poisoning is well documented, although there are few data on the kinetics of elimination of strychnine after overdose.
        
        
          Case report
          A 42-year-old man presented shortly after ingestion of an unknown quantity of strychnine powder. After a respiratory arrest, with intensive supportive management requiring admission to an intensive care unit, he survived. Eight serum samples were taken over the first 5 days and analysed subsequently for strychnine concentrations.
        
        
          Results
          The initial concentration at 1.5 hours after ingestion was 4.73 mg/l, falling to 0.38 mg/l at 74 hours postingestion. Serum concentrations followed a monoexponential elimination curve with a calculated elimination half-life of 12 hours.
        
        
          Discussion and conclusion
          Strychnine poisoning presents with classical features, and with early diagnosis and supportive management, the patient can survive. The initial serum concentration of 4.73 mg/l is the highest reported concentration in a patient who has survived. Previous reports of the elimination half-life have suggested it is between 10 and 16 hours, which conforms to the elimination data in our case.

Tags: case-report, nih, self-poisoning, strychnine-poisoning, toxicokinetics
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2017 Mental Health Client-level Data (MH-CLD) Annual Report

This report presents results from the Mental Health Client-Level Data (MH-CLD) and Mental Health Treatment Episode Data Set (MH-TEDS) for individuals receiving mental health services from state mental health systems in 2017, as well as selected trends in data collected from such individuals between 2014 and 2017. The report provides information on mental health diagnoses, mental health treatment settings, and demographic and substance use characteristics of individuals in mental health treatment in facilities that reported to individual state administrative data systems. In the 2017 reporting period, 48 states and other jurisdictions submitted 5,835,429 records for individuals receiving mental health services. Alaska, American Samoa, the Federated States of Micronesia, Georgia, Guam, Kansas, Marshall Islands, New Hampshire, New Jersey, U.S. Virgin Islands, and West Virginia had submitted no data or incomplete data for the 2017 reporting period, as of July 1, 2018.

Tags: mental-health-diagnosis, mental-health-services, samhsa, substance-use-disorders, treatment-episodes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Anti-cytokine therapy in fibrosing alveolitis: where are we now?

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a condition that has a poor prognosis, with a median survival of 4-5 years irrespective of treatment. Ziesche et al (N Engl J Med 1999, 341: 1264-1269) describe an open randomised trial of 18 patients with IPF, unresponsive to corticosteroid treatment at high dose. Nine patients were treated with continued corticosteroid and nine with prednisolone plus interferon-γ 1b (IFN-γ). Significant benefits in physiological parameters are reported in the IFN-γ-treated group. An analysis of lung tissue by reverse-transcriptase-mediated polymerase chain reaction showed corresponding decreases in the transcription of transforming growth factor-β1 and connective tissue growth factor. This is the first report of treatment showing efficacy in this disease, albeit in a very preliminary study, but the data should be viewed with caution. This study is discussed in the context of other published studies of treatment for IPF and the scientific rationale on which it was based.

Tags: anti-cytokine-therapy, fibrosing-alveolitis, idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis, interferon-gamma, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Table 12. 2011-2012 NSDUH Alcohol Use and Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month among Persons Aged 12 to 20, by State

Table 12. Alcohol Use and Binge Alcohol Use in the Past Month among Persons Aged 12 to 20, by State: Percentages, Annual Averages Based on 2011 and 2012 NSDUHs.  Results are provided by State.

Tags: binge-drinking, samhsa, state-level-data, substance-use, youth-alcohol-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Evidence that the RNAseH activity of the duck hepatitis B virus is unable to act on exogenous substrates

Background
          The hepadnaviral reverse transcriptase can synthesize DNA on its native RNA template within viral cores but it is usually unable to synthesize DNA employing exogenous nucleic acids as a template. The mechanism of this template commitment is unknown. Here we provide evidence that the RNAseH activity of duck hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase may also be unable to act on exogenous substrates.
        
        
          Results
          RNAseH assays were performed under a wide variety of conditions employing substrate RNAs of Duck Hepatitis B Virus sequence annealed to complementary DNA oligonucleotides and permeabilized intracellular viral core particles. Temperature, pH, cation type, salt concentration, substrate concentration, and the sequences of the cleavage sites were varied, and the effects of ATP and dNTPs on RNAseH activity were examined. duck hepatitis B virus RNAseH activity was not detected under any of these conditions, although E. coli or Avian Myeloblastosis Virus RNAseH activity could be detected under all conditions. Access of the RNA substrate to the enzyme within the viral cores was confirmed.
        
        
          Conclusions
          These results imply that the RNAseH activity of the DHBV reverse transcriptase may not be able to degrade exogenous RNA:DNA heteroduplexes, although it can degrade heteroduplexes of the same sequence generated during reverse transcription of the endogenous RNA template. Therefore, the RNAseH activity appears to be "substrate committed" in a manner similar to the template commitment observed for the DNA polymerase activity.

Tags: duck-hepatitis-b, nih, reverse-transcriptase, rnaseh-activity, viral-cores
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2022-2023 NSDUH: Model-Based Estimated Prevalence for States

Browse state-level percentage estimates based on the 2022-2023 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). The 41 tables include estimates for measures of both substance use and mental health, by age group, along with 95% confidence intervals. The percentages are based on small area estimation (SAE) methods, in which state-level NSDUH data are combined with other data from smaller geographies. The combined data are used to create modeled state estimates of the civilian, noninstitutionalized population ages 12 and older (or adults 18 and older for mental health measures). Most tables cover a single measure by state, region, and age group. A few tables cover multiple measures for just ages 12 to 20.The tables are available as an Excel spreadsheet, a PDF file, or as a zip file containing CSV text files.

Tags: mental-health, samhsa, small-area-estimation, state-prevalence, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services