AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Hourly air temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and associated three-digit data-source flag, January 1, 1948 - September 30, 2019

The text file "Air temperature.txt" contains hourly air temperature data in degrees Fahrenheit and associated data-source flags from January 1, 1948, to September 30, 2019. The primary data for water year 2019 (a water year is the 12-month period, October 1 through September 30, designated by the calendar year in which it ends) were downloaded from the Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) (Argonne National Laboratory, 2019) and they were processed following the guidelines documented in Over and others (2010). The processed data were appended to ARGN18.WDM (Bera, 2019) and renamed as ARGN19.WDM. Missing and apparently erroneous data values were replaced with adjusted values from nearby weather stations used as “backup”. The Illinois Climate Network (Water and Atmospheric Resources Monitoring Program, 2019) station at St. Charles, Illinois, was used as "backup". Each data source flag is of the form "xyz", which allows the user to determine its source and the methods used to process the data (Over and others, 2010).
References Cited:
Argonne National Laboratory, 2019, Meteorological data, accessed on November 6, 2019, at http://www.atmos.anl.gov/ANLMET/.
Bera, M., 2019, Meteorological Database, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois, January 1, 1948 - September 30, 2018: U.S. Geological Survey data release, ​https://doi.org/10.5066/P9H8P0F7.
Over, T.M., Price, T.H., and Ishii, A.L., 2010, Development and analysis of a meteorological database, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2010-1220, 67 p., http://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2010/1220/.
Water and Atmospheric Resources Monitoring Program, 2019, Illinois Climate Network: Champaign, Ill., Illinois State Water Survey, accessed on November 6, 2019, at http://dx.doi.org/10.13012/J8MW2F2Q.

Tags: air-temperature, argonne-national-laboratory-illinois, data-source-flag, dekalb-illinois, dupage-county-illinois, flood-forecasting, hydrology, ohare-international-airport-illinois, runoff, st-charles-illinois, usgs-5ea1f44a82cefae35a19190d
Organization: Department of the Interior
Data Release for "Direct evidence for fluid pressure, dilatancy, and compaction affecting slip in isolated faults"

Earthquake instability occurs as a result of strength loss during sliding on a fault. It has been known for over 50 years that fault compaction or dilatancy may cause significant weakening or strengthening by dramatically changing the fluid pressure trapped in faults. Despite this fundamental importance, we have no real understanding of the exact conditions that lead to compaction or dilation during nucleation or rupture. To date, no direct measurements of pore pressure changes during slip in hydraulically isolated faults have been reported. We show direct examples of fluid pressure variations during nucleation and rupture using a miniature pressure transducer embedded in an experimental fault.  We demonstrate that fluids are not only significant in controlling fault behavior, but can provide the dominant mechanism controlling fault stability. The effect of fluid pressure changes can exceed frictional variations predicted by rate- and state-dependent friction laws, exerting fundamental controls on earthquake rupture initiation.

Tags: earthquake, fault-zone, usgs-5ea896b182cefae35a1faf3a
Organization: Department of the Interior
High-resolution object-based image classifications of biological soil crusts and vegetation (Beef Basin, Utah)

This dataset contains 10 classified raster images identifying the distribution and condition of biological soil crusts using high-resolution imagery from Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS).
Also included are: a supplemental accuracy report and accuracy matrix for each classified image, and all associated accessory files.
These images are located in Beef Basin, Southeastern Utah, and focuses on two ecological site types: Semidesert Shallow Loam, and Upland Stony Loam ('Sagebrush' and 'Pinyon-Juniper') sites. Five 50 x 50 m field sites were established for a total of 10 sites.

Tags: beef-basin, biological-soil-crust, biota, colorado-plateau, dryland-ecosystem, indian-creek, object-based-image-analysis, remote-sensing, unmanned-aerial-systems-uas, usgs-5ea1d58782cefae35a16eb97, utah
Organization: Department of the Interior
Mapped fire perimeters from the Sky Island Mountains of US and Mexico: 1985-2017

Polygon locations of fire perimeters in the Sky Island mountain ranges in the Madrean Archipelago Ecoregion of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. These fires occurred from 1985 to 2017 and were mapped using Landsat satellite imagery.

Tags: arizona-usa, biota, burn-mapping, chihuahua-mexico, madrean-archipelago, mexico, new-mexico-usa, remote-sensing, sonora-mexico, us, usgs, usgs-5ea1d4d982cefae35a16eb8c, wildfire
Organization: Department of the Interior
Geospatial Datasets for the Geohydrology and Water Quality of the Unconsolidated Aquifers in the Enfield Creek Valley, Town of Enfield, Tompkins County, New York

From 2013 to 2018, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Town of Enfield and the Tompkins County Planning Department, studied the unconsolidated aquifers in the Enfield Creek Valley in the town of Enfield, Tompkins County, New York. The objective of this study was to characterize the hydrogeology and water quality of the unconsolidated aquifers in the Enfield Creek valley and produce a summary report of the findings. The spatial extent and hydrogeologic framework of these unconsolidated aquifers were delineated using existing data, including soils maps, well records, geologic logs, topographic data, and published reports. An interactive ArcGIS Online web map of the geospatial datasets is available here: https://usgs.maps.arcgis.com/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=b53518b0b6b74694932605c4578c00c3.
These geospatial datasets support U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigations Report 2019-5136, "Geohydrology and Water Quality of the Unconsolidated Aquifers in the Enfield Creek Valley, Town of Enfield, Tompkins County, New York."

Tags: aquifer, enfield, groundwater, hydrogeology, new-york, surficial-geology, tompkins-county, united-states, usgs-5ea1cf4082cefae35a16eb64, water-quality, wells
Organization: Department of the Interior
Tributary sand input data, Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

These data were compiled from sampling pre-dam flood terraces and sand bar deposits of the Colorado River in Glen Canyon between Glen Canyon Dam and the Paria River confluence. This includes sand deposits from the 2008, 2012, 2013 and 2014 high flow experiments (HFE) in Marble Canyon. Sand sources from these locations were sampled in September/October of 2013 and 2014. Also, samples of suspended sediment from a selection of Paria River flash floods that preceded the 2013 and 2014 high flow experiments were collected. The suspended sediment samples were wet sieved to separate the &lt;63-micron fraction at the Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center. A Niton XL3-t 955 portable XRF was used to measure the elemental concentration of half-phi grain size fractions from every sand sample. Samples were tested 3 times, for 90 seconds each, measuring the concentration of seven elements (Fe, Ca, K, Ti, Rb, Sr, and Zr). The average concentration for each element over the three tests is used in all subsequent analyses. MixSIAR Bayesian mixing model using JAGS for Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the relative contribution of Paria River- versus Glen Canyon-derived sand in Marble Canyon HFE deposits.

Tags: alluvial-terraces, arizona, bulk-elemental-composition, colorado-river, deposition-features, field-sampling, flash-floods, floods, glen-canyon, glen-canyon-dam, grain-size, grain-size-analysis, grand-canyon, high-flow-experiment, marble-canyon, measurements, mixsiar, niton-xl3-t-955-portable-xrf, paria-river, post-dam, samples, sampling, sand, sand-deposits, sand-stores, sandbar, sandbar-deposits, sediment, sediment-analysis, sediment-fingerprinting, sedimentation, sieve-size-analysis, source-contribution, suspended-sediment-samples, terrace, usgs-5ea1af8f82cefae35a16e1b1, wet-sieved, x-ray-fluorescence
Organization: Department of the Interior
Historical Ice Breakup Dates for Chequamegon Bay, Lake Superior, 1911 to 2020 (ver. 3.0, June 2020)

Ice breakup dates of Chequamegon Bay, Lake Superior from 1911 to 2020 were compiled by Lori Evrard (USGS, GLSC, Lake Superior Biological Station, Ashland, WI).  Ice breakup date is the day in spring when winter ice cover substantially leaves a water body.  Local residents deem "ice breakup" as when the ice moves northeast of a line straight across Chequamegon Bay out from Ellis Avenue (State highway 13).  Another way ice breakup was determined has been if you could drive a boat from the outlet of Fish Creek to Houghton Point.  The ice may move back and forth over that line but the ice is breaking up, moving and melting from that date on.  Ellis Avenue ends on a bluff (46.5925 degrees North, 90.8827 degrees West) that provides a clear view of Chequamegon Bay from Fish Creek to Houghton Point.  Mrs. C. J. Hoskings recorded the dates from 1911 to 1980.  Mr. LeRoy C. Margenau recorded the dates from 1981 to 1991.  The Ashland Marina recorded the dates from 1992-1999 and 2001.  Lori Evrard (USGS) recorded dates after 1999 except 2001.  USGS converted the dates to Julian dates.  The date of ice breakup will be updated annually to append that year's date.

Tags: ashland, bays, chequamegon-bay, climatologymeteorologyatmosphere, great-lakes, lake-ice, lake-superior, usgs-5ea184c282cefae35a16e155
Organization: Department of the Interior
Seedling Mortality of Ohia by Treatment Group at Keaukaha Military Reserve 2019-2020

This data release includes monthly census data of 120 out-planted ohia seedlings in different treatment groups and associated metadata from February 2019 - February 2020 at Keaukaha Military Reservation in Hilo, HI. Six seedlings each were planted around 20 focal trees, half of which tested positive for Rapid Ohia Death, half of which tested negative. Three of the six seedlings were weeded for nearby invasive species and the other three were not. Initial height of seedlings, whether they were damaged at time of planting, and whether they were initially grown in a dibble tube or pot was also recorded. After initial damage to many seedlings by ungulates, we decided to apply a fencing treatment for ungulate exclusion to half of the remaining seedlings (102) in July 2019.

Tags: environment, usgs-5eb4a31682ce25b5135ac2ec
Organization: Department of the Interior
Tidal hydrologic and constitutent loads from First Mallard Water Quality Station in the Rush Ranch Marsh Complex of the San Francisco Bay Estuarine Research Reserve (SFBNERR) 2016-2018

The data herein report continuous field measurements and specific discrete sampling events associated with water quality and carbon consitutents – both dissolved and particulate forms.  These data were coupled with atmospheric flux measurements during the 2017-18 water year to estimate the net storage of fixed carbon within the marsh on an areal basis.  Direct and indirect measurement showed 47 to 59% of fixed carbon is stored on site, and most loss is through dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) export.  Comparing this with other tidal wetlands in the U.S. showed similar rates of loss, and a global meta-analysis showed that lateral loss is a proportionally larger term in coastal wetland carbon budgets, relative to other terrestrial systems.

Tags: atmospheric-properties, carbon-cycling, environment, usgs-5ea0bf4182cefae35a14b898, wetlands
Organization: Department of the Interior
2018 Santa Ana Reach Habitat Data

This dataset includes reach habitat data for the Santa Ana Sucker (Catostomus santaanae) and the Arroyo Chub (Gila orcutti) in the Santa Ana River.

Tags: arroyo-chub-gila-orcutti, california, habitat-use, population-estimate, santa-ana-river, santa-ana-sucker-catostomus-santaanae, usgs-5ea0895582cefae35a13e89d
Organization: Department of the Interior
Microplastics data collected from streams in the northeastern United States, 2017-2018

These data were collected to characterize the quantity and quality of microplastic particles found in 17 streams in the northeastern United States, from New York to Virginia.  USGS staff who represent the Urban Landscapes Capabilities Team (ULCT) within the North Atlantic-Appalachian Region designed the study and collected the water samples on which the data are based.  Data were collected during 2017 and 2018 and included a baseflow and stormflow sample at each site.  Additionally, the various microplastic particles in each sample were characterized by one of two different size-fraction categories (categories of 355-1000 micrometers and 1000-5600 micrometers), by type of particle (fiber/line, fiber clump, bead/pellet, film, foam/rubber, or fragment), and by the number of particles of each type per sample. Quality control data also are included.

Tags: connecticut, contamination-and-pollution, human-impacts, inlandwaters, microplastics, new-jersey, new-york, pennsylvania, rhode-island, surface-water-quality, usgs-5ea07ab282cefae35a135323, virginia, washington-dc
Organization: Department of the Interior
North American Breeding Bird Survey Dataset 1966 - 2019

The 1966-2019 North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) dataset contains avian point count data for more than 700 North American bird taxa (species, races, and unidentified species groupings).  These data are collected annually during the breeding season, primarily in June, along thousands of randomly established roadside survey routes in the United States and Canada. Routes are roughly 24.5 miles (39.2 km) long with counting locations placed at approximately half-mile (800-m) intervals, for a total of 50 stops. At each stop, a citizen scientist highly skilled in avian identification conducts a 3-minute point count, recording every bird seen or heard within a quarter-mile (400-m) radius.  Surveys begin 30 minutes before local sunrise and take approximately 5 hours to complete.  Routes are sampled once per year, with the total number of routes sampled per year growing over time; just over 500 routes were sampled in 1966, while in recent decades approximately 3000 routes have been sampled annually.  In addition to avian count data, this dataset also contains survey date, survey start and end times, start and end weather conditions, a unique observer identification number, route identification information, and route location information including country, state, and BCR, as well as geographic coordinates of route start point, and an indicator of run data quality.

Tags: avian-point-counts, biodiversity, birds, canada, north-america, population-distribution, population-trends, relative-abundance, united-states, united-states-of-america, usgs-5ea04e9a82cefae35a129d65
Organization: Department of the Interior
Inundation predictions for vernal pools of the northeastern United States at various seasonal time points under various weather and climate scenarios

This data release includes data-processing scripts, data products, and associated metadata for a study to model the hydrology of several hundred vernal pools (i.e., seasonal pools or ephemeral wetlands) across the northeastern United States. The dataset described in this metadata document contains predicted wetness probability (PWP) values for vernal pools under a variety of weather and climate conditions at several seasonal time points, generated using inundation models as described in the processing steps section of this metadata document and in the annotated R script included in this data release ("annotated_R_script_for_pool_inundation_modeling.R"). PWP values represent the predicted likelihood of a pool holding water according to a specified inundation threshold, as defined in this metadata document. PWP values can theoretically range from 0 (pool is predicted to have no chance of inundation) to 1 (pool is predicted to have 100 percent likelihood of inundation), with higher PWP values indicating greater predicted likelihood of inundation. PWP values were generated for each pool for each combination of 4 inundation metrics, 5 seasonal time points, 3 weather scenarios, and 5 climate scenarios, yielding a total of 300 PWP attributes. This dataset also contains an assessment of the confidence associated with inundation predictions, representing combined criteria concerning the number of inundation observations for each pool along with cross-validation accuracy of the inundation modeling approach.

Tags: environment, hydrology, inlandwaters, maine, maryland, massachusetts, new-hampshire, new-jersey, new-york, pennsylvania, usgs-5e9fb07382cefae35a128ce1, vernal-pools, west-virginia, wetland-ecosystems
Organization: Department of the Interior
Stable isotope analysis of San Francisco Bay-Delta primary producers (1990-2000)

This dataset is a compilation of multiple studies over different periods and in many environments as described below. These data were collected to measure temporal fluctuations in plant isotopic composition associated with seasonal cycles of growth and environmental variability. In 1990, 1992, and 1998-2000, a total of 868 samples were collected and analyzed to determine carbon and nitrogen mass and 13C:12C and 15N:14N ratios by mass spectrometry. Intensive sampling was done in 1990 when species of vascular plants common to wetlands of northern California were sampled biweekly to monthly for one year (1999) along a gradient of habitats (salt-marsh creek, freshwater brackish marsh, seasonal wetland) within the San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. Additional spatial variability was measured from seasonal sampling in the freshwater–brackish marshes, river channels, tidal lakes, and riparian corridors of the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta and from salt marshes and mudflats of the other marine embayments of San Francisco Bay. Target plant communities included terrestrial woody perennials of riparian habitat (e.g., Populus fremontii, Acer negundo, Alnus oregona, Salix spp., Rubus vitifolius); emergent vascular plants of freshwater and brackish marshes (Typha spp., Juncus balticus, Scirpus spp., Phragmites australis); floating (Eichornia crassipes, Hydrocotyle ranunculoides) and submerged (Egeria densa, Myriophyllum sp.) vascular plants and multicellular freshwater algae (Chara sp., Mougeotia sp.); benthic diatoms from intertidal mudflats; and C3 (Salicornia sp., Grindelia stricta) and C4 (Spartina foliosa, Distichlis spicata) salt-marsh plants. Seston samples were collected in 1990-1992 and 1999-2000 during algal blooms in river/lake habitats and San Francisco Bay to provide surrogate measures of the isotopic signatures of freshwater and estuarine–marine phytoplankton. The taxonomic identifications are based on 1994 naming conventions.

Tags: carbon, isotope, nitrogen, primary-producers, usgs-5ea70aaa82cefae35a1d9030
Organization: Department of the Interior
1930-1932 Gill net data from Lake Michigan

These data describe the catch and biological data from 363 bottom-set gill-net lifts distributed throughout Lake Michigan (including main basin and Green Bay) between April and November in 1930–1932.  Data collected from the R/V Fulmar were recorded in notebooks and are now archived at the U.S. Geological Survey’s Great Lakes Science Center. Each lift included 1–7 gangs of linen gill nets. Each gang comprised 3–5 panels each having a length of 155 m, a height of 1.5 m, and a (stretch-)mesh size of either 60, 64, 67, 70, or 76 mm. The digitization of the Fulmar data notebooks was started in the late 1990s and finished in this study.

Tags: benthic-ecosystems, biota, cisco, fish, fisheries-biology, fishery-management, fishing-with-benthic-fixed-gear, freshwater-ecosystems, gill-net, habitats, inland-fishery-resources, lake-michigan, usgs-5e9f635482cefae35a128c38
Organization: Department of the Interior
USGS National and Global Oil and Gas Assessment Project-Gulf Coast Mesozoic Province,  Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk Group and Tokio and Eutaw Formations Assessment Units and Input Data Forms

This data release contains the boundaries of assessment units and input data for the assessment of oil and gas resources in the Upper Cretaceous Austin Chalk Group and Tokio and Eutaw Formations in Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida and Arkansas. The Assessment Unit is the fundamental unit used in the National Assessment Project for the assessment of undiscovered oil and gas resources.  The Assessment Unit is defined within the context of the higher-level Total Petroleum System.  The Assessment Unit is shown herein as a geographic boundary interpreted, defined, and mapped by the geologist responsible for the province and incorporates a set of known or postulated oil and (or) gas accumulations sharing similar geologic, geographic, and temporal properties within the Total Petroleum System, such as source rock, timing, migration pathways, trapping mechanism, and hydrocarbon type.  The Assessment Unit boundary is defined geologically as the limits of the geologic elements that define the Assessment Unit, such as limits of reservoir rock, geologic structures, source rock, and seal lithologies.  The only exceptions to this are Assessment Units that border the Federal-State water boundary.  In these cases, the Federal-State water boundary forms part of the Assessment Unit boundary.  Methodology of assessments are documented in USGS Data Series 547 for continuous assessments (https://pubs.usgs.gov/ds/547) and USGS DDS69-D, Chapter 21 for conventional assessments (https://pubs.usgs.gov/dds/dds-069/dds-069-d/REPORTS/69_D_CH_21.pdf).  See supplemental information for a detailed list of files included this data release.

Tags: assessment-unit, continuous-assessment-unit, downdip-salt-basins-conventional-gas, eastern-shelf-continuous-oil, eastern-updip-fault-zone-conventional-oil, energy-resources, geology, geoscientificinformation, middip-fault-zone-and-salt-conventional-oil, national-assessment-of-oil-and-gas, natural-gas, natural-gas-resources, noga2000, oil, oil-resources, oilgas, petroleum, resource-assessment, state-of-alabama, state-of-arkansas, state-of-florida, state-of-louisiana, state-of-mississippi, state-of-texas, unconventional-assessment-unit, united-states-of-america, updip-salt-basins-conventional-oil-and-gas, usgs-5e9f54d582cefae35a128bfc, western-shelf-continuous-oil, western-shelf-edge-continuous-gas, western-updip-fault-zone-conventional-oil
Organization: Department of the Interior
Metadata for manuscript entitled: Physiological and Endocrine Responses of Hatchling American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) following Embryonic Exposure to Technical Short-Chain Chlorinated Paraffins (C10-13)

-	Observations of test subjects and hatching data
-	Body weight, organ/tissue weights 
-	Biomarker data (oxidative stress indicators, oxidative DNA damage, thyroid hormones, histological findings) in various tissues
-	Chemical residues in tissues

Tags: american-kestrel-falco-sparverius, avian-toxicity, developmental-toxicity, emerging-contaminants, short-chain-chlorinated-paraffins, usgs-5e9f18d282cefae35a128b4c
Organization: Department of the Interior