AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Introducing a reward system in assessment in histology: A comment on the learning strategies it might engender

Background
          Assessment, as an inextricable component of the curriculum, is an important factor influencing student approaches to learning. If assessment is to drive learning, then it must assess the desired outcomes. In an effort to alleviate some of the anxiety associated with a traditional discipline-based second year of medical studies, a bonus system was introduced into the Histology assessment. Students obtaining a year mark of 70% were rewarded with full marks for some tests, resulting in many requiring only a few percentage points in the final examination to pass Histology.
        
        
          Methods
          In order to ascertain whether this bonus system might be impacting positively on student learning, thirty-two second year medical students (non-randomly selected, representing four academic groups based on their mid-year results) were interviewed in 1997 and, in 1999, the entire second year class completed a questionnaire (n = 189). Both groups were asked their opinions of the bonus system.
        
        
          Results
          Both groups overwhelming voted in favour of the bonus system, despite less than 45% of students failing to achieve it. Students commented that it relieved some of the stress of the year-end examinations, and was generally motivating with regard to their work commitment.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Being satisfied with how and what we assess in Histology, we are of the opinion that this reward system may contribute to engendering appropriate learning approaches (i.e. for understanding) in students. As a result of its apparent positive influence on learning and attitudes towards learning, this bonus system will continue to operate until the traditional programme is phased out. It is hoped that other educators, believing that their assessment is a reflection of the intended outcomes, might recognise merit in rewarding students for consistent achievement.

Tags: histology-education, learning-strategies, medical-student-assessment, nih, reward-system
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Femoral vein size in newborns and infants: preliminary
		  investigation

Background:
          The femoral vein is an important site for central venous access in
				newborns and infants. The objectives of this study are to determine whether age
				or weight can be used clinically to predict the size of the femoral vein in
				newborns and infants, and to compare the size of the vein in each individual in
				both the supine and reverse Trendelenburg positions.
        
        
          Results:
          Analysis was done in 24 euvolemic individuals, each studied in
				both the supine and reverse Trendelenburg positions. Twelve of these
				individuals were newborns and 12 were infants. We used two-factor analysis of
				variance to explore differences between groups and multiple linear regression
				analysis to estimate the strength of the relationship between variables. In the
				infant group, there was a correlation between femoral vein diameter and weight.
				There was no correlation between weight and vessel size in newborns. In both
				the newborn and infant groups, vessel diameter increased with subjects in the
				reverse Trendelenburg position (P < 0.01).
        
        
          Conclusion:
          Weight is predictive of femoral vein diameter in infants, but not
				in newborns. In infants, weight might serve as a more sensitive index for
				estimating size of the femoral vein in order to determine accurately the size
				of intravascular catheter appropriate for cannulation. The diameter of the
				femoral vein increases in the reverse Trendelenburg position compared with that
				in the supine position in both newborns and infants. A large prospective study
				is required to validate these findings.

Tags: central-venous-access, femoral-vein-diameter, newborn-infant-vein, nih, ultrasound-measurements
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2015 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Northern Mariana Islands

2015 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Northern Mariana Islands.  The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, northern-mariana-islands, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Wisconsin: 2011-2012 NSDUH

This report presents Wisconsin\'s estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2011 and 2012 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Resuts are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: illicit-drugs, major-depression, mental-health, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
4.15b Facility licensing, certification, or accreditation, by facility operation and primary focus of facility: 2010. Percent

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing facility licensing, certification, or accreditation, by facility operation and primary focus of facility in 2010. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: accreditation, facility-licensing, n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Articular cartilage and changes in arthritis: Noncollagenous proteins and proteoglycans in the extracellular matrix of cartilage

Cartilage contains numerous noncollagenous proteins in its extracellular matrix, including proteoglycans. At least 40 such molecules have been identified, differing greatly in structure, distribution, and function. Some are present in only selected cartilages or cartilage zones, some vary in their presence with a person's development and age, and others are more universal in their expression. Some may not even be made by the chondrocytes, but may arise by absorption from the synovial fluid. In many cases, the molecules' function is unclear, but the importance of others is illustrated by their involvement in genetic disorders. This review provides a selective survey of these molecules and discusses their structure, function, and involvement in inherited and arthritic disorders.

Tags: articular-cartilage, extracellular-matrix, nih, osteoarthritis, proteoglycans
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2010 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Connecticut

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2010. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, community-mental-health, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs)

View the sub-population slides on American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) based on the graphics, tables, and figures from the 2019 NSDUH Annual Report.

Tags: american-indian-alaska-native, mental-health, national-survey, samhsa, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Tobacco Cessation Services

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) short report about facilities offering \"any\" tobacco cessation service provided any one or a combination of the following services in 2011: tobacco cessation counseling, nicotine replacement medication, and/or non-nicotine tobacco cessation medication.

Tags: cessation-counseling, nicotine-replacement, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, tobacco-cessation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: West Virginia, 2013

This is a behavioral health report for the state of West Virginia. It uses the  National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) and the National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (NSSATS) to address the topics of youth substance use , youth mental health and treatment, adult mental health and treatment, substance use, substance use treatment for the years 2008 to 2012.

Tags: mental-health-west-virginia, samhsa, substance-use-trends, wv-behavioral-health, youth-substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Functional analysis of a frame-shift mutant of the dihydropyridine receptor pore subunit (α

Background
          The L-type Ca2+ channel formed by the dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) of skeletal muscle senses the membrane voltage and opens the ryanodine receptor (RyR1). This channel-to-channel coupling is essential for Ca2+ signaling but poorly understood. We characterized a single-base frame-shift mutant of α1S, the pore subunit of the DHPR, that has the unusual ability to function voltage sensor for excitation-contraction (EC) coupling by virtue of expressing two complementary hemi-Ca2+ channel fragments.
        
        
          Results
          Functional analysis of cDNA transfected dysgenic myotubes lacking α1S were carried out using voltage-clamp, confocal Ca2+ indicator fluoresence, epitope immunofluorescence and immunoblots of expressed proteins. The frame-shift mutant (fs-α1S) expressed the N-terminal half of α1S (M1 to L670) and the C-terminal half starting at M701 separately. The C-terminal fragment was generated by an unexpected restart of translation of the fs-α1S message at M701 and was eliminated by a M701I mutation. Protein-protein complementation between the two fragments produced recovery of skeletal-type EC coupling but not L-type Ca2+ current.
        
        
          Discussion
          A premature stop codon in the II-III loop may not necessarily cause a loss of DHPR function due to a restart of translation within the II-III loop, presumably by a mechanism involving leaky ribosomal scanning. In these cases, function is recovered by expression of complementary protein fragments from the same cDNA. DHPR-RyR1 interactions can be achieved via protein-protein complementation between hemi-Ca2+ channel proteins, hence an intact II-III loop is not essential for coupling the DHPR voltage sensor to the opening of RyR1 channel.

Tags: dihydropyridine-receptor, excitation-contraction-coupling, nih, ryanodine-receptor, voltage-clamp
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Compound 528567: Hexanedioic acid, bis(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) ester

Chemical compound data from PubChem database. IUPAC Name: bis[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl] hexanedioate. Molecular Formula: C18H38O4Si2. Molecular Weight: 374.7. This dataset contains comprehensive chemical information including structural data, physical properties, and biological activities. Useful for drug discovery, chemical research, and educational purposes.

Tags: chemistry, compound, pubchem, research, science
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) trial

Previous trials (Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure [MERIT-HF], Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study [CIBIS] II) have demonstrated a mortality benefit of β-adrenergic blockade in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. The recent Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cumulative Survival (COPERNICUS) trial has extended these results to a more advanced patient population. This trial did not, however, include patients who could not reach compensation, patients with far advanced heart failure symptoms, or a significant number of black patients. Future studies of β-blockade may focus on these patients or patients with asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction.

Tags: beta-blockers, carvedilol-trial, heart-failure, mortality-risk, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2024 National Directory of Drug and Alcohol Use Treatment Facilities

TheNational Directory of Drug and AlcoholUseTreatment Facilities - 2024is a listing of federal, state, and local government facilities and private facilities that provide substance use treatment services. It includes treatment facilities that (1) are licensed, certified, or otherwise approved for inclusion in the Directory by their State Substance Use Agencies, and (2) responded to the 2023 National Substance Use and Mental Health Services Survey (N-SUMHSS). The information about each facility that appears in this Directory was provided by that facility in response to the 2023 N-SUMHSS. The N-SUMHSS is conducted annually by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The 2024 Directory is available in PDF and Excel formats.The Directory is ordered alphabetically by state, by city within each state, and by facility name within each city. Each facility listing includes codes that represent the services offered and other features of the facility, including codes that indicate services for hearing impaired and non-English-speaking clients. Codes are defined in a key shown on pages v-x of the PDF file and as a separate tab on the Excel version. Please note services offered by a particular facility may change over time. It is suggested to verify the information in this Directory when contacting a facility.

Tags: alcohol-drug-services, behavioral-health, samhsa, substance-use-treatment, treatment-facilities
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Statewide Data Indicator Syntax Zip File

This group of documents provides the syntax and supporting files in SPSS format that were used to calculate data quality and observed performance. Note: Syntax to calculate risk-standardized performance for each state uses a national, risk-adjusted model that requires child-level data from all states (i.e., national datasets) and thus cannot be replicated by states or other interested parties.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: assessment, data, policy, reporting, risk
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The use of breast conserving surgery: linking insurance claims with tumor registry data

Background
          The purpose of this study was to use insurance claims and tumor registry data to examine determinants of breast conserving surgery (BCS) in women with early stage breast cancer.
        
        
          Methods
          Breast cancer cases registered in the Hawaii Tumor Registry (HTR) from 1995 to 1998 were linked with insurance claims from a local health plan. We identified 722 breast cancer cases with stage I and II disease. Surgical treatment patterns and comorbidities were identified using diagnostic and procedural codes in the claims data. The HTR database provided information on demographics and disease characteristics. We used logistic regression to assess determinants of BCS vs. mastectomy.
        
        
          Results
          The linked data set represented 32.8% of all early stage breast cancer cases recorded in the HTR during the study period. Due to the nature of the health plan, 79% of the cases were younger than 65 years. Women with early stage breast cancer living on Oahu were 70% more likely to receive BCS than women living on the outer islands. In the univariate analysis, older age at diagnosis, lower tumor stage, smaller tumor size, and well-differentiated tumor grade were related to receiving BCS. Ethnicity, comorbidity count, menopausal and marital status were not associated with treatment type.
        
        
          Conclusions
          In addition to developing solutions that facilitate access to radiation facilities for breast cancer patients residing in remote locations, future qualitative research may help to elucidate how women and oncologists choose between BCS and mastectomy.

Tags: breast-conserving-surgery, early-stage-breast-cancer, insurance-claims-data, nih, tumor-registry-data
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Missouri 2016 Potential Areas for Addressing Service Gaps for Opioid Treatment

The purpose of the medication-assisted treatment (MAT) facility maps is to identify areas on a state-by-state basis that may be potentially underserved by existing treatment facilities. The maps are created with a methodology that seeks to include the highest potential need areas from individual counties so that county-level stakeholders are also informed. The maps are meant to be used as a tool for policy makers to determine potentially underserved areas—not as a definitive representation of these areas.

Tags: mat-access, missouri-opioids, opioid-treatment, samhsa, service-gap-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 State Profile — Washington

This is a National Survey of Substance Abuse Treatment Services (N-SSATS) data table showing state profile for Washington in 2011. N-SSATS is designed to collect data on the location, characteristics, and use of alcohol and drug abuse treatment facilities and services throughout the 50 States, the District of Columbia, and other U.S. jurisdictions.

Tags: n-ssats, samhsa, substance-abuse-treatment, treatment-facilities, washington-state
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2011 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Arkansas

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2011. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, substance-abuse-services
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for South Carolina

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, national-outcome-measures, samhsa, south-carolina
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Debate: Does it matter how you lower blood pressure?

Whether it matters how pressure is lowered has been debated since antihypertensive drugs proved to prevent cardiovascular events. However, in clinical trials, while the stroke benefit predicted by a given difference in blood pressure was achieved, the results for myocardial infarction were roughly half that expected. This suggested that adverse drug effects of diuretics and β-blockers might have detracted from their hypotensive effects. Trials with newer antihypertensive classes have revealed superior effects on outcomes associated with converting enzyme inhibitor use, and that α-blockers are less cardioprotective than diuretics. These studies establish that simple blood pressure reduction is an inadequate guide to therapy. The challenge now will be to determine the optimal therapy for each hypertensive patient.

Tags: antihypertensive-drugs, blood-pressure, blood-pressure-reduction, cardiovascular-events, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Do bronchodilators have an effect on bronchiolitis?

Over the past 12 years there have been 12 randomised control trials, involving 843 infants, evaluating the effect of salbutamol or albuterol on bronchiolitis. Of these, nine (75%) showed that bronchodilators had no effect. In three studies a small transient improvement in the acute clinical score was seen. Ipratropium bromide had no significant effect. There have been five recent randomised trials involving 225 infants, evaluating the effect of nebulised adrenaline (epinephrine) on bronchiolitis. All five (100%) have shown significant clinical improvement, with reductions in oxygen requirement, respiratory rate and wheeze after nebulised adrenaline. Two showed lower hospital admission rates and earlier discharge with adrenaline. A significant improvement in pulmonary resistance was observed after nebulised adrenaline but not after salbutamol or albuterol. Currently there is no compelling evidence that bronchodilators have a role in the routine management of infants with bronchiolitis. There is better evidence for the use of nebulised adrenaline.

Tags: bronchiolitis-treatment, bronchodilator-efficacy, nebulized-epinephrine, nih, pediatric-respiratory-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
The dynamics of venous return and response to hypervolemia in the toad,

Background
          Venous return from the posterior region of amphibians travels by either two renal portal veins to the kidney or a central abdominal vein that drains into the hepatic portal system. The relative proportions of blood flow in these vessels has never been measured nor has a modification of flow been determined when venous return increases by changes in blood volume during hypervolemia or during increased volume input from the posterior lymph hearts.
        
        
          Results
          Venous return from the posterior region of Bufo marinus was measured under resting conditions and in response to a systemic hypervolemia. Doppler flow probes were positioned on the renal portal and ventral abdominal veins, and flow was recorded as injections of artificial plasma equaling 100% of the animal's plasma volume were administered through the sciatic artery. Resting flow was found to be 5.54 ± 2.03 ml min-1 kg-1 in the paired renal portal veins, and 7.31 ± 0.89 ml min-1 kg-1 in the ventral abdominal vein. While renal portal flow was found to increase by a factor of 2.4 times during the first 10 min of hypervolemia, ventral abdominal flow only increased by a factor of 1.3.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Our results quantify the contribution to circulation from posterior venous return in the toad Bufo marinus. A preferential movement of excess fluid through the renal portal pathway was also demonstrated, supporting the possibility of water elimination via the renal portal circulation, especially during periods of high water influx into the animals.

Tags: bufo-marinus, hypervolemia, nih, venous-return
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services