AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
One-second USGS San Juan (SJG) magnetic observatory data collected before 2013

The USGS Geomagnetism Program operates a network of magnetic observatories that collect vector and scalar magnetometer data for use in Earth main-field modeling, geophysics research, space physics research, and space weather hazard assessment and mitigation. Until mid-2011, only 1-minute time resolution magnetic field measurements were archived with the INTERMAGNET consortium following international magnetic observatory standards. 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements, which had already been collected by all the USGS observatories for up to almost a decade prior, started being archived with INTERMAGNET on June 13, 2011, or July 27, 2012 in the case of the more recently constructed Deadhorse (DED) magnetic observatory. This data release contains 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements collected up through the end of 2012, after which time 1-second data from USGS magnetic observatories may be obtained from INTERMAGNET. There is some overlap between data in this release and those data archived with INTERMAGNET. Any discrepancies that may exist between these two data sources should resolve in favor of INTERMAGNET.
SJG-specific notes:
- there are significant gaps in the 2005 data, most notably in September through December
- there are significant gaps in the 2006 data, most notably in January though mid-July
- some filenames originally possessing a ".sec" extension were renamed to ".raw"

Tags: geologic-hazards-science-center, geomagnetism-program, geoscientificinformation, magnetic-observatory, magnetic-scalar-field, magnetic-variometer, magnetic-vector-field, magnetometer, north-america, san-juan-puerto-rico, united-states, usgs, usgs-6334f232d34e900e86c71757
Organization: Department of the Interior
One-second USGS Shumagin (SHU) magnetic observatory data collected before 2013

The USGS Geomagnetism Program operates a network of magnetic observatories that collect vector and scalar magnetometer data for use in Earth main-field modeling, geophysics research, space physics research, and space weather hazard assessment and mitigation. Until mid-2011, only 1-minute time resolution magnetic field measurements were archived with the INTERMAGNET consortium following international magnetic observatory standards. 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements, which had already been collected by all the USGS observatories for up to almost a decade prior, started being archived with INTERMAGNET on June 13, 2011, or July 27, 2012 in the case of the more recently constructed Deadhorse (DED) magnetic observatory. This data release contains 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements collected up through the end of 2012, after which time 1-second data from USGS magnetic observatories may be obtained from INTERMAGNET. There is some overlap between data in this release and those data archived with INTERMAGNET. Any discrepancies that may exist between these two data sources should resolve in favor of INTERMAGNET.
SHU-specific notes:
- there are significant gaps in the 2003 data, most notably in late November through December
- there are significant gaps in the 2004 data, most notably in January and February
- some filenames originally possessing a ".sec" extension were renamed to ".raw"

Tags: geologic-hazards-science-center, geomagnetism-program, geoscientificinformation, magnetic-observatory, magnetic-scalar-field, magnetic-variometer, magnetic-vector-field, magnetometer, north-america, shumagin-alaska, united-states, usgs, usgs-6334f1bbd34e900e86c71744
Organization: Department of the Interior
Genetically informed seed transfer zones for Astragalus lonchocarpus, Cleome serrulata, and Heliomeris multiflora across the Colorado Plateau and adjacent regions

These data were compiled to provide seed transfer and native plant materials development guidance to managers and practitioners across the Colorado Plateau and in adjacent regions. This data release contains empirical seed transfer zones derived from molecular genetic data for Cleome serrulata (syn. Peritoma serrulata), Heliomeris multiflora, and Astragalus lonchocarpus. These species show distinct population structure (i.e., genetic differentiation) across their ranges; as such, seed transfer zones reflect both patterns of genetic differentiation and information on each species' unique  adaptations to climatic gradients. These shapefile data may support successful restoration outcomes if, for example, seed transfer follows seed transfer zones depicted herein and/or composite seed strategies for native plant materials development utilize seed transfer zones when determining which seed accessions may be combined. The ultimate goal of these seed transfer zones is to protect natural patterns of genetic variation and maximize (or at least better understand) species' adaptations to local environmental conditions. This work was funded by the Bureau of Land Management's Colorado Plateau Native Plant Program.

Tags: adaptation, air-temperature, arizona, astragalus-lonchocarpus, biogeography, biota, cleome-serrulata-syn-peritoma-serrulata, climatic-gradients, colorado, colorado-plateau, data-release, differentiation, effects-of-climate-change, environment, environmental-restoration, field-inventory-and-monitoring, flora-restoration, genetic-differentiation, genetic-diversity, genetic-resources, genetic-variation, heliomeris-multiflora, intermountain-west, mean-annual-precipitation, molecular-biology, molecular-genetic-data, native-plant, native-species, natural-resource-management, nevada, new-mexico, north-america, plants-organisms, population-and-community-ecology, population-differentiation, population-dynamics, precipitation-atmospheric, precipitation-seasonality, restoration, seed-accessions, seed-strategies, seed-transfer, seed-transfer-zones, species-adaptations, species-diversity, temperature-seasonality, united-states, usgs-63374f2cd34e900e86cbad0c, utah, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
One-second USGS Newport (NEW) magnetic observatory data collected before 2013

The USGS Geomagnetism Program operates a network of magnetic observatories that collect vector and scalar magnetometer data for use in Earth main-field modeling, geophysics research, space physics research, and space weather hazard assessment and mitigation. Until mid-2011, only 1-minute time resolution magnetic field measurements were archived with the INTERMAGNET consortium following international magnetic observatory standards. 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements, which had already been collected by all the USGS observatories for up to almost a decade prior, started being archived with INTERMAGNET on June 13, 2011, or July 27, 2012 in the case of the more recently constructed Deadhorse (DED) magnetic observatory. This data release contains 1-second time resolution magnetic field measurements collected up through the end of 2012, after which time 1-second data from USGS magnetic observatories may be obtained from INTERMAGNET. There is some overlap between data in this release and those data archived with INTERMAGNET. Any discrepancies that may exist between these two data sources should resolve in favor of INTERMAGNET.
NEW-specific notes:
- some filenames originally possessing a ".sec" extension were renamed to ".raw"

Tags: geologic-hazards-science-center, geomagnetism-program, geoscientificinformation, magnetic-observatory, magnetic-scalar-field, magnetic-variometer, magnetic-vector-field, magnetometer, newport-washington, north-america, united-states, usgs, usgs-6334f18ad34e900e86c71730
Organization: Department of the Interior
High-resolution seismic data from the Frijoles Fault of the San Gregorio Fault zone, Año Nuevo, California

The U.S. Geological Survey acquired high-resolution P- and S-wave seismic data across the Frijoles Fault strand of the San Gregorio Fault Zone (SGFZ) at Año Nuevo, California in 2012. The SGFZ is a Holocene-active, dominantly right-lateral fault system that trends more than 200 km along the California coastline. The Frijoles Fault is one of several onshore strands of the SGF system, and together the strands represent a 3- to 4-km wide fault zone at Año Nuevo. Prior paleoseismology studies indicate highly variable slip-rate estimates, indicating considerable uncertainty about the slip history of the SGFZ and the seismic hazard it poses. Amongst the onshore strands of the SGFZ at Año Nuevo, the Frijoles Fault presented the fewest logistical challenges for our seismic survey; thus, the goal of this data acquisition was to better understand the structure, geometry, and precise location of the Frijoles Fault strand of the SGFZ at Año Nuevo.

Tags: ano-nuevo, earthquake-occurrences, earthquake-zone, earthquakes, fault-zones, faulting-geologic, geoscientificinformation, hazards, northern-california-coastal, san-mateo, seismic-reflection-profiling, seismic-refraction-profiling, seismology, usgs-6334e0ead34e900e86c6e3f9
Organization: Department of the Interior
Katahdin Woods and Waters National Monument Seboeis Unit Vegetation Mapping Project: Accuracy Assessment Sites and Vegetation Plots Field Data

During summer 2019, botanists with the Maine Natural Areas Program collected data from 94 vegetation plots for plant community characterization. The sampling data were entered into the National Park Service PLOTS version 4.0 (National Park Service 2015) for analyses to characterize vegetation associations in the U.S. National Vegetation Classification.
An accuracy assessment was performed on the draft version of the vegetation map layer. During the summer of 2020, field crews collected data from 107 stratified and randomly selected sites for evaluating the accuracy of the vegetation map layer for those map classes representing U.S. National Vegetation Classification associations. The accuracy assessment field data were then compared to the vegetation map data. Results from the accuracy assessment study show an overall accuracy of 87.6% (kappa index of 87.0%) based on an analysis of data from 105 of the 107 accuracy assessment sites.

Tags: accuracy-assessment, biota, data-collection, environment, katahdin-woods-and-waters-national-monument, maine, map, national-park-service, national-vegetation-classification-standard, natural-resources-preservation-program, nvcs, observation, u-s-national-vegetation-classification, united-states, usgs-6334bd19d34e900e86c6dc31, usnvc, vegetation-plot
Organization: Department of the Interior
SWAT Model Archive for Simulation of Hydrology, Suspended-Sediment and Nutrients in Selected Tributary Watersheds of Lake Erie, New York

This U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) data release contains model scenario input and output files and nine hydrology and water-quality models developed using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The models represent nine watersheds in eastern New York that drain to Lake Erie or the Niagara River and were created, calibrated, and validated for hydrology, sediment, and nutrients as baseline scenarios. Twenty-six additional scenarios were created to explore the effects of agricultural and urban best management practices, point source discharges, and green infrastructure on the water quality of tributaries to Lake Erie/Niagara River. Model documentation and scenario development are described in Merriman and others (2024).

Tags: allegany-county, biota, cattaraugus-county, chautauqua-county, erie-county, genesee-county, geoscientificinformation, great-lakes, inlandwaters, lake-erie, modeling, new-york, niagara-county, niagara-river, orleans-county, physical-modeling, swat, usgs-6345c015d34e342aee0863da, usgswaterqualitymodel, watershed-model, wyoming-county
Organization: Department of the Interior
Physicochemical measurements of the coastal aquifer and coastal groundwater discharge on Kalaupapa, Moloka'i, Hawaii

This data table includes in-situ near-shore seawater measurements of excess radon (Rn-222), tide and crater lake water levels and salinity collected in Kalaupapa, Moloka'i, Hawaii.

Tags: biota, cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, geoscientificinformation, kalaupapa, marine-water-quality, molokai, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pcmsc, physical-oceanography, state-of-hawaii, time-series-datasets, u-s-geological-survey, united-states-of-america, usgs, usgs-6345dc5fd34e342aee086456, water-column-features
Organization: Department of the Interior
Developmental stage and length of Pallid Sturgeon and Shovelnose Sturgeon free embryos reared at a constant temperature

This dataset documents the length and developmental stage of pallid sturgeon and shovelnose sturgeon free embryos from the time of hatch through melanin plug expulsion (the approximate onset of exogenous feeding) reared in the laboratory at a constant temperature.  Free embryos from 4 pallid sturgeon crosses and 7 shovelnose sturgeon crosses were reared separately in the laboratory at a mean temperature of 17.8 degrees Celsius (range 17.3–18.4 ).  Beginning on the day of hatch, a minimum of three to six free embryos from each cross was randomly sampled and preserved in 10% neutral buffered formalin at 2 to 12-hour intervals, depending on age.  Free embryos were microscopically examined and assigned a developmental stage (i.e., 36–45) following those described for Acipenser guldenstadti, A. ruthenus, and A. stellatus by Dettlaff and others (1993) using a suite of selected morphological characteristics and total length was recorded (to the nearest 0.01 millimeter).  Time at fertilization was considered the beginning of ontogenetic development for age calculations and accumulation of thermal units.  Developmental stages were related to days post-fertilization (DPF) and cumulative thermal units (CTU).  CTU are calculated as the sum of water temperature, in degrees Celsius, from the time of fertilization to the time of sample preservation.  The onset of the developmental stage for each family cross was defined as the time of sample collection when at least half of the free embryos exhibited the characteristic traits of the specific stage.

Tags: biota, early-life-stage, endangered-species, fish-larvae, fishery-management, fishery-resources, fishes, free-embryo, free-embryo-development, mississippi-river, missouri-river, ontogenetic-development, pallid-sturgeon, shovelnose-sturgeon, usgs-6346d2c9d34ec63c539c97ab, yellowstone-river
Organization: Department of the Interior
Core locations, segment depths, and estimated compaction from vibracores collected in Searsville Lake, Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford, California

This portion of the data release presents measurements and data from two vibracores (JRBP2018-VC01A and JRBP2018-VC01B) collected from Searsville Lake, a reservoir in the Jasper Ridge Biological Preserve, Stanford, California, on October 29, 2018 (USGS Field Activity 2018-682-FA). Vibracoring introduced significant amounts of sediment compaction. The core depths in other datasets of this data release are not corrected for compaction. Translated depths are provided in this portion of the data release that return the tops of each core to the lakebed surface (0 cm).

Tags: cmhrp, coastal-and-marine-hazards-and-resources-program, core-analysis, geoscientificinformation, inlandwaters, jasper-ridge, limnology, pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center, pcmsc, san-mateo-county, searsville-lake, sediment, stanford, state-of-california, substrate, u-s-geological-survey, usgs, usgs-634737abd34ec63c539d22ac
Organization: Department of the Interior
Hierarchically nested and biologically relevant range-wide monitoring frameworks for greater sage-grouse, western United States

We produced 13 hierarchically nested cluster levels that reflect the results from developing a hierarchical monitoring framework for greater sage-grouse across the western United States. Polygons (clusters) within each cluster level group a population of sage-grouse leks (sage-grouse breeding grounds) and each level increasingly groups lek clusters from previous levels. We developed the hierarchical clustering approach by identifying biologically relevant population units aimed to use a statistical and repeatable approach and include biologically relevant landscape and habitat characteristics. We desired a framework that was spatially hierarchical, discretized the landscape while capturing connectivity (habitat and movements), and supported management questions at different spatial scales. The spatial variability in the amount and quality of habitat resources can affect local population success and result in different population growth rates among smaller clusters. Equally so, the spatial structure and ecological organization driving scale-dependent systems in a fragmented landscape affects dispersal behavior, suggesting inclusion in population monitoring frameworks. Studies that compare conditions among spatially explicit hierarchical clusters may elucidate the cause of differing growth rates at local scales affected by changes in habitat quality compared to larger scaled processes affecting growth rates, such as regional climate/vegetation communities. Therefore, the use of multiple scales (hierarchical cluster levels) that group demographic data can provide information driving population changes at different spatial scales, thereby providing a tool for population monitoring and adaptive management.

Tags: adaptive-management, biota, boundaries, california, centrocercus-urophasianus, colorado, graph-theory, greater-sage-grouse, habitat-connectivity, hierarchical-sampling-units, idaho, montana, nevada, north-dakota, oregon, population-monitoring, south-dakota, united-states, usgs-63473c8fd34ec63c539d250c, utah, washington, western-united-states, wyoming
Organization: Department of the Interior
Field-Verified Irrigated Lands Dataset in the Milk River Basin of Montana and Alberta, 2021 and 2022

Field-verified irrigated lands data were collected for the Remote Sensing Component of the St. Mary-Milk Rivers Consumptive Use study to aid in the identification and delineation of agricultural fields that are irrigated in 2021 and 2022 in the Milk River basin. This field verification of irrigated fields will provide data that will be used to ground truth evapotranspiration estimates obtained in the Milk River basin using remote sensing methods. This work is part of a larger project aimed at developing a historical database representing monthly actual evapotranspiration (ETa) totals in the Milk River basin from 1985-present using remote sensing. This database will lay the foundation for the establishment of a remote sensing tool with which to objectively estimate ETa in the upper Milk River basin on a monthly interval using high spatial resolution (100 meter) satellite imagery.

Tags: agriculture, canada, evapotranspiration, irrigation, milk-river-basin, montana, remote-sensing, usgs-6348249dd34ec63c539d93d7
Organization: Department of the Interior
Vegetation height in open space in San Diego County, derived from 2014 NAIP imagery and 2014/2015 lidar

Shrublands have seen large changes over time due to factors such as fire and drought. As the climate continues to change, vegetation monitoring at the county scale is essential to identify large-scale changes and to develop sampling designs for field-based vegetation studies. 
This dataset contains two raster files that each depict the height of vegetation. The first layer is restricted to actively growing vegetation and the second is restricted to dormant/dead vegetation. Both layers cover open space areas in San Diego County, California. Height calculations were derived from Lidar data collected in 2014 and 2015 for the western two-thirds of San Diego County. Lidar point clouds were pre-classified into ground and non-ground. Rasters for the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Digital Surface Model (DSM) were calculated using ArcGIS software using ground classified points and last returns for the natural surface (DEM) and non-ground first returns for the surface model (DSM). The spatial resolution for both layers is 1 meter and aligns with 2014 National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery. Object height was calculated by subtracting the DEM from the DSM in meters. To remove structures or non-natural objects from the imagery, layers were clipped to open space areas using the National Land Cover Database, building footprints, roads, and railways. This ensures that objects above the natural surface are vegetation, even when Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) numbers are very low. 
NDVI measures the amount of photosynthetically active vegetation in the raster cell. Healthy vegetation reflects high levels of near-infrared and low levels of red electromagnetic radiation. NDVI ranges from -1 to 1 with low values indicating little or no presence of healthy vegetation and higher values indicating the presence of healthy vegetation. The NDVI was calculated from the 2014 NAIP imagery and a cutoff of 0.1 was used to separate photosynthetically active vegetation from non-vegetated or dormant/dead vegetation areas. The imagery was collected during 2014, an exceptional drought year. It is not possible to separate extremely water-stressed plants from truly dead plants using only NDVI. 
The natural surface was verified using established National Geodetic Survey (NGS) benchmarks and exceeded 98 percent accuracy. Vegetation structure was validated using visual assessments of high-resolution aerial imagery to verify the vegetation form and greenness. Vegetation form and health (NDVI) had an accuracy of 82 percent.

Tags: biota, california, digital-elevation-models, grasslands, image-collections, imagerybasemapsearthcover, lidar, lidar-point-cloud-lpc, remote-sensing, san-diego, shrub-height, shrublands, usda-national-agriculture-imagery-program-naip, usgs-6348540fd34ec63c539d9491, vegetation, vegetation-form, vegetation-height
Organization: Department of the Interior
Fundamental Datasets for Wyoming StreamStats

This dataset was produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with the Wyoming Water Development Office for the purpose of delineating drainage basins and performing hydrologic analysis in the Wyoming StreamStats application. The data are raster representations of the fundamental dataset layers necessary for the functionality of StreamStats application within the Wyoming StreamStats study area. The StreamStats application provides access to spatial analytical tools that are useful for water-resources planning and management, and for engineering and design purposes. The map-based user interface can be used to delineate drainage areas, calculate basin characteristics, and estimates of flow statistics, and more. The study boundary for data in this data release is defined by the extent of all HUC08 watersheds flowing in or out of the state of Wyoming.

Tags: digital-elevation-model, flow-accumulation, flow-direction, geoscientificinformation, geospatial-datasets, stream, usgs-634880fdd34e47431c0ebc96
Organization: Department of the Interior