AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Trend Tables (Prevalence Estimates) - 7.1 to 7.45

These detailed tables show trends in population totals and prevalence estimates of illicit drug use, risk and protective factors, substance initiation, substance dependence/abuse, and need/receipt of substance use treatment from the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH). Substances examined include illicit drugs (e.g., marijuana, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens (including LSD, PCP, Ecstasy, Ketamine, DMT/AMT/Foxy, Salvia divinorum), inhalants, and the nonmedical use of prescription-type pain relievers (including OxyContin), tranquilizers, stimulants (Adderall) , sedatives (GHB, Ambien), non-prescription cold medicine, alcohol, and tobacco products (including cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, cigars, pipes). Results are provided for lifetime, past year, and past month use by age group, gender, race/ethnicity, education level, employment status, and geographic area. Comparisons are made between 2010 and 2002 through 2009.

Tags: drug-prevalence, nsduh-data, samhsa, substance-use, trend-analysis
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Evolution and phylogeny of insect endogenous retroviruses

Background
          The genome of invertebrates is rich in retroelements which are structurally reminiscent of the retroviruses of vertebrates. Those containing three open reading frames (ORFs), including an env-like gene, may well be considered as endogenous retroviruses. Further support to this similarity has been provided by the ability of the env-like gene of DmeGypV (the Gypsy endogenous retrovirus of Drosophila melanogaster) to promote infection of Drosophila cells by a pseudotyped vertebrate retrovirus vector.
        
        
          Results
          To gain insights into their evolutionary story, a sample of thirteen insect endogenous retroviruses, which represents the largest sample analysed until now, was studied by computer-assisted comparison of the translated products of their gag, pol and env genes, as well as their LTR structural features. We found that the three phylogenetic trees based respectively on Gag, Pol and Env common motifs are congruent, which suggest a monophyletic origin for these elements.
        
        
          Conclusions
          We showed that most of the insect endogenous retroviruses belong to a major clade group which can be further divided into two main subgroups which also differ by the sequence of their primer binding sites (PBS). We propose to name IERV-K and IERV-S these two major subgroups of Insect Endogenous Retro Viruses (or Insect ERrantiVirus, according to the ICTV nomenclature) which respectively use Lys and Ser tRNAs to prime reverse transcription.

Tags: endogenous-retroviruses, insect-genomes, nih, phylogenetic-analysis, retroelement-evolution
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Survey of transcripts in the adult

Background:
          Classic methods of identifying genes involved in neural function include the laborious process of behavioral screening of mutagenized flies and then rescreening candidate lines for pleiotropic effects due to developmental defects. To accelerate the molecular analysis of brain function in Drosophila we constructed a cDNA library exclusively from adult brains. Our goal was to begin to develop a catalog of transcripts expressed in the brain. These transcripts are expected to contain a higher proportion of clones that are involved in neuronal function.
        
        
          Results:
          The library contains approximately 6.75 million independent clones. From our initial characterization of 271 randomly chosen clones, we expect that approximately 11% of the clones in this library will identify transcribed sequences not found in expressed sequence tag databases. Furthermore, 15% of these 271 clones are not among the 13,601 predicted Drosophila genes.
        
        
          Conclusions:
          Our analysis of this unique Drosophila brain library suggests that the number of genes may be underestimated in this organism. This work complements the Drosophila genome project by providing information that facilitates more complete annotation of the genomic sequence. This library should be a useful resource that will help in determining how basic brain functions operate at the molecular level.

Tags: cdna-library, drosophila-brain, gene-expression, neural-function, nih
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2015 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Hawaii

2015 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Hawaii. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant, hawaii, mental-health-services, noms-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Benzodiazepines in Combination with Opioid Pain Relievers or Alcohol: Greater Risk of More Serious ED Visit Outcomes

This short report examines emergency department (ED) visits involving benzodiazepines, which are medications prescribed to relieve symptoms of anxiety, panic attacks and seizures.  It looks at the effect of combining benzodiazepines with opioid pain relievers or alcohol, both substances that also depress the central nervous system.  The report quantifies the increased risk of more serious outcomes such as hospitalization or, rarely, death in the ED, when benzodiazepines are combined with alcohol or opioid pain relievers.  The relationship between the patient’s age and the risk of more serious outcomes  between the risk of more serious outcomes and the age of the patient is also described.

Tags: benzodiazepine-overdose, emergency-department-visits, opioid-benzodiazepine, samhsa, substance-use-outcomes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Psychosocial primary care – what patients expect from their General Practitioners A cross-sectional trial

Background
          Psychosocial Primary Care (PPC) is a model of service delivery for patients with mental disorders and psychosocial problems which was established in Germany in 1987. This study was performed as part of the evaluation of a PPC training program. We investigated patients' expectations of the psychosocial treatment offered by GPs trained in PPC.
        
        
          Methods
          Ten general practitioners trained in PPC were randomly selected. Two hundred and twenty patients were surveyed in the waiting room regarding their expectations concerning psychological treatment.
        
        
          Results
          Eighty-five per cent of patients could envisage making use of psychosocial treatments. Counselling by the GP was considered most important (65%). Fifty-four per cent of patients indicated that there was sufficient counselling, but further distinctions revealed dissatisfaction with both the extent and content of the counselling. Lack of time was the most frequent reason (53%) cited for insufficient counselling. A willingness to discuss the psychological aspects of illness was exhibited by between 55% (current illness) and 79% of patients. Two-thirds of patients believed that discussing psychological aspects and counselling by the doctor could exert a healing effect or contribute to symptomatic improvement in physical illnesses. Younger patients and patients with experience in psychotherapy expected referral to mental health services.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Primary care patients desire and accept psychological treatment from their GP. Training in psychosocial competence in primary care should be offered more frequently.

Tags: general-practitioners, mental-health-services, nih, patient-expectations, psychosocial-care
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 CMHS Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Washington

2014 Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Washington. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, outcome-measures, samhsa, state-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Beverage specific alcohol intake in a population-based study: Evidence for a positive association between pulmonary function and wine intake

Background
          Lung function is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Previous studies suggest that alcohol exposure may be linked to impaired pulmonary function through oxidant-antioxidant mechanisms. Alcohol may be an important source of oxidants; however, wine contains several antioxidants. In this study we analyzed the relation of beverage specific alcohol intake with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in a random sample of 1555 residents of Western New York, USA.
        
        
          Methods
          We expressed pulmonary function as percent of predicted normal FEV1 (FEV1%) and FVC (FVC%) after adjustment for height, age, gender and race. To obtain information on alcohol intake we used a questionnaire that reliably queries total alcohol and beverage specific recent (past 30 days) and lifetime alcohol consumption. Results: Using multiple linear regression analysis after adjustment for covariates (pack-years of smoking, weight, smoking status, education, nutritional factors and for FEV1%, in addition, eosinophil count), we observed no significant correlation between total alcohol intake and lung function. However, we found positive associations of recent and lifetime wine intake with FEV1% and FVC%. When we analyzed white and red wine intake separately, the association of lung function with red wine was weaker than for white wine.
        
        
          Conclusion
          While total alcohol intake was not related to lung function, wine intake showed a positive association with lung function. Although we cannot exclude residual confounding by healthier lifestyle in wine drinkers, differential effects of alcoholic beverages on lung health may exist.

Tags: alcohol-intake, fev1-fvc, nih, pulmonary-function, wine-consumption
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Anti-TNF-α therapy as a clinical intervention for periprosthetic osteolysis

Aseptic loosening of total joint arthroplastics due to periprosthetic osteolysis is a frequent cause of implant failure. The absence of clinical interventions to arrest or prevent this complication limits the use of total joint replacement especially in younger patients. Here we review recent studies implicating tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in periprosthetic osteolysis and the rationale for clinical studies of anti-TNF therapy and other interventions for periprosthetic loosening.

Tags: aseptic-loosening, joint-arthroplasty, nih, periprosthetic-osteolysis, tnf-alpha-therapy
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Workforce Part 4 — Creating Change at the Local Level

This Child Welfare Information Gateway Podcast is available on Apple Podcasts
  
  

, GooglePlay
  
  

, Spotify
  
  

, Stitcher
  
  

, SoundCloud
  
  

, and the Child Welfare Information Gateway
  
  

 website. Subscribe to receive new episodes as they are released.

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: child, local, podcast, policy, social
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Hormone replacement therapy use dramatically increases breast oestrogen receptor expression in obese postmenopausal women

Background
          It is known that use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by postmenopausal women increases the risk of breast cancer.
        
        
          Method
          In this study, oestrogen receptor (ER)-α expression is examined using standard immunoperoxidase technique.
        
        
          Results
          Normal breast samples of 11 Australian postmenopausal women have been included in the ER-α study; the result showed a strong correlation (r2 = 0.80) between ER-α expression in normal breast epithelial cells and body mass index (BMI) in normal women who currently use HRT.
        
        
          Conclusion
          This finding confirms that the possibility of increased risk of breast cancer associated with increased ER-α expression in normal breast epithelial cells, in turn associated with high BMI and the use of HRT.

Tags: breast-cancer-risk, estrogen-receptor-alpha, hormone-replacement-therapy, nih, postmenopausal-women
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Reduced natriuretic response to acute sodium loading in COMT Gene deleted mice

Background
          The intrarenal natriuretic hormone dopamine (DA) is metabolised by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and monoamine oxidase (MAO). Inhibition of COMT, as opposed to MAO, results in a potent natriuretic response in the rat. The present study in anaesthetized homozygous and heterozygous COMT gene deleted mice attempted to further elucidate the importance of COMT in renal DA and sodium handling. After acute intravenous isotonic sodium loading, renal function was followed.
        
        
          Results
          COMT activity in heterozygous mice was about half of that in wild type mice and was zero in the homozygous mice. MAO activity did not differ between the genotypes. Urinary sodium excretion increased 10-fold after sodium loading in wild type mice. In heterozygous and homozygous mice, the natriuretic effects of sodium loading were only 29 % and 39 %, respectively, of that in wild type mice. Arterial pressure and glomerular filtration rate did not differ between genotypes. Baseline norepinephrine and DA excretions in urine were elevated in the homozygous, but not in heterozygous, COMT gene deleted mice. Urinary DA excretion increased after isotonic sodium loading in the wild type mice but not in the COMT gene deleted mice.
        
        
          Conclusions
          Mice with reduced or absent COMT activity have altered metabolism of catecholamines and are unable to increase renal DA activity and produce normal natriuresis in response to acute sodium loading. The results support the hypothesis that COMT has an important role in the DA-mediated regulation of renal sodium excretion.

Tags: comt-gene, natriuretic-response, nih, renal-function, sodium-loading
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
PII - Evaluation Team (PII-ET)

The Evaluation Team (ET), overseen by the Office of Planning, Research & Evaluation, is charged with designing and carrying out a cross-site evaluation and rigorous, grantee-specific evaluations. PII-ET examines the implementation and effectiveness of the evidence-supported interventions developed and adapted under PII.

Learn more about PII-ET.

Materials

Metadata-only record linking to the original dataset. Open original dataset below.

Tags: child, grant, intervention, policy, scope
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2009-2010 State-specific Tables

This page presents the tables of State-specific tables of State estimates for 25 measures of substance use and mental health based on the combined 2009 and 2010 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health (NSDUHs). Topics covered include past month substance use (e.g., illicit drugs, marijuana, cocaine, pain relievers, alcohol, tobacco), substance dependence, abuse, and treatment need, past year serious mental illness (SMI), any mental illness (AMI), suicidal thoughts, and major depressive episode (MDE). Results are provided by State and for five age groups: 12 to 17, 18 to 25, 26 or older, 18 or older and all persons 12 or older.

Tags: mental-health, nsduh-data, samhsa, state-estimates, substance-use
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Electroacupuncture versus Diclofenac in symptomatic treatment of Osteoarthritis of the knee: a randomized controlled trial

Background
          The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA), diclofenac and their combination in symptomatic treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee.
        
        
          Methods
          This study was a randomized, single-blind, placebo controlled trial. The 193 out-patients with OA of the knee were randomized into four groups: placebo, diclofenac, EA and combined (diclofenac plus EA). Paracetamol tablets were prescribed as a rescue analgesic during the study. The patients were evaluated after a run-in period of one week (week 0) and again at the end of the study (week 4). The clinical assessments included the amount of paracetamol taken/week, visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) OA Index, Lequesne's functional index, 50 feet-walk time, and the orthopedist's and patient's opinion of change.
        
        
          Results
          One hundred and eighty six patients completed the study. The improvement of symptoms (reduction in mean changes) in most outcome parameters was greatest in the EA group. The proportions of responders and patients with an overall opinion of "much better" were also greatest in the EA group. The improvement in VAS was significantly different between the EA and placebo group as well as the EA and diclofenac group. The improvement in Lequesne's functional index also differed significantly between the EA and placebo group. In addition, there was a significant improvement in WOMAC pain index between the combined and placebo group.
        
        
          Conclusion
          EA is significantly more effective than placebo and diclofenac in the symptomatic treatment of OA of the knee in some circumstances. However, the combination of EA and diclofenac treatment was no more effective than EA treatment alone.

Tags: diclofenac-treatment, electroacupuncture-therapy, nih, osteoarthritis-knee, pain-management
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Comparative transcription map of the

Background
          To support the positional cloning of the mouse mutation wobbler (wr) the corresponding regions on human Chr2p13-14 and mouse Chr11 were analyzed in detail and compared with respect to gene content, order, and orientation.
        
        
          Results
          The gene content of the investigated regions was highly conserved between the two species: 20 orthologous genes were identified on our BAC/YAC contig comprising 4.5 Mb between REL/Rel and RAB1A/Rab1a. Exceptions were pseudogenes ELP and PX19 whose mouse counterparts were not located within the analyzed region. Two independently isolated genomic clones indicate an inversion between man and mouse with the inverted segment being identical to the wobbler critical interval. We investigated the wobbler critical region by extensive STS/EST mapping and genomic sequencing. Additionally, the full-length cDNA sequences of four newly mapped genes as well as the previously mapped gene Otx1 were established and subjected to mutation analysis. Our data indicate that all genes in the wr critical region have been identified.
        
        
          Conclusion
          Unexpectedly, neither mutation analysis of cDNAs nor levels of mRNAs indicated which of the candidate genes might be affected by the wr mutation. The possibility arises that there might be hitherto unknown effects of mutations, in addition to structural changes of the mRNA or regulatory abnormalities.

Tags: chromosome-2p13-14, gene-mapping, mouse-chromosome-11, nih, wobbler-mutation
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Table for Federated States of Micronesia

These are the 2019 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for Federated States of Micronesia. The URS state reporting system is collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence-based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: block-grant-program, mental-health-services, micronesia, national-outcome-measures, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Cell-cell interactions in synovitis: Interactions between T lymphocytes and synovial cells

Mechanisms whereby T lymphocytes contribute to synovial inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis are poorly understood. Here we review data that indicate an important role for cell contact between synovial T cells, adjacent macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Thus, T cells activated by cytokines, endothelial transmigration, extracellular matrix or by auto-antigens can promote cytokine, particularly TNFα, metalloproteinase production by macrophages and FLS through cell-membrane interactions, mediated at least through β-integrins and membrane cytokines. Since soluble factors thus induced may in turn contribute directly to T cell activation, positive feedback loops are likely to be created. These novel pathways represent exciting potential therapeutic targets.

Tags: cell-interactions, nih, rheumatoid-arthritis, synovitis, t-lymphocytes
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2014 National Survey on Drug Use and Health: Mental Health Estimates Computed Directly from the Clinical Sample of the Mental Health Surveillance Study and Measures of their Standard Errors

This document focuses on how the prevalence estimates and their standard errors were derived from the 2008 to 2012 MHSS clinical sample. In particular, it describes how the prevalence estimates covering the 2008 to 2012 time period were computed using sampling weights that had undergone a number of calibration adjustments with an emphasis on the last adjustment: poststratification—the annual calibration of the clinical sample to the NSDUH control totals. It then discusses several alternative methods for measuring the standard errors of those estimates.

Tags: clinical-sample, drug-use-survey, mental-health-surveillance, prevalence-estimates, samhsa
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
Behavioral Health Barometer: South Dakota, 2015

This is a behavioral health report for the state of South Dakota. The report utilizes data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), and the Uniform Reporting System. The topics addressed in the report include youth substance use, youth mental health and treatment, mental health and treatment, substance use and substance use treatment.

Tags: behavioral-health, samhsa, south-dakota, substance-use, youth-mental-health
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services
2012 Uniform Reporting System (URS) Tables for Nevada

Center for Mental Health Services (CMHS) Uniform Reporting System (URS) Output Tables for 2012. The Uniform Reporting System (URS) is a state and national reporting system collected annually to support the Community Mental Health Services Block Grant program. State Mental Health Authorities report on National Outcome Measures (NOMS), evidence based practices, and utilization measures providing an overview of state mental health delivery systems.

Tags: community-mental-health, mental-health-services, nevada-urs, samhsa, services
Organization: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services