AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Monthly L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V006

The MOD11C3 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD11C3 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11C3.061) data product. The MOD11C3 Version 6 product provides monthly Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) values in a 0.05 degree (5,600 meters at the equator) latitude/longitude Climate Modeling Grid (CMG). A CMG granule is a geographic grid with 7,200 columns and 3,600 rows representing the entire globe. The LST&E values in the MOD11C3 product are derived by compositing and averaging the values from the corresponding month of [MOD11C1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11C1.006) daily files. Each MOD11C3 product consists of the following layers for daytime and nighttime observations: LSTs, quality control assessments, observation times, view zenith angles, and number of clear-sky observations along with percentage of land in the grid and emissivities from bands 20, 22, 23, 29, 31, and 32. Known Issues * Production of V6 Terra MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) data products was discontinued on November 16, 2022, due to [significant loss of data retrieval](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/displayissue?id=98) following the Constellation Exit Maneuvers. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * Removed cloud-contaminated LSTs from Level 2 and Level 3 LST products. * Updated the coefficient look-up table (LUT) for the split-window algorithm with comprehensive regression analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) simulation data in bands 31 and 32 over wide ranges of surface and atmospheric conditions, especially extending the upper boundary for (LST – Ts-air) in arid and semi-arid regions. Increased the overlap between various sub-ranges to reduce the sensitivity of the algorithm to uncertainties in the input data (i.e., column water vapor and air surface temperature from MOD07). * Made minor adjustments in the classification-based surface emissivity values, especially for bare soil and rocks land cover types. * Tuned the day/night algorithm by adjusting weights to improve performance in desert regions where the incorporated split-window algorithm may not work well. * Generated new gridded LST&E products with a 6 km spatial resolution for 8-day ([MOD11B2](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11B2.006)) and monthly ([MOD11B3](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11B3.006)) intervals in response to user community requests.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-emissivity, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Geolocation Angles Daily L2G Global 1km SIN Grid Day

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Global Geolocation Angle (MODMGGAD) files contain information on solar illumination and instrument viewing geometry angles. These data can be used to model the geometric relationship and distance between the area of the Earth's surface imaged, the sun, and the sensor. This is often required to perform atmospheric corrections, or to convert or calibrate spectral data to known (absolute) radiance or reflectance units.MODMGGAD files are used as input to higher-level products such as MODIS Surface Reflectance (MOD09). Geometric information for each sensor observation is stored on a geolocated grid with Level-2 geophysical parameters stored as Level-2G (gridded) products. The multiple observations stored in the L2G grids are examined by the Level-3 processes to extract only the most relevant observations per grid cell.

Tags: earth-science-sensor-characteristics-spectral-engineering-viewing-geometry
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Product subset for the VBBE region V003

VBEMIB2E_003 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Product subset for the VBBE region version 3. It contains Ellipsoid-projected TOA Radiance, resampled at the surface and topographically corrected, as well as geometrically corrected by PGE22. MISR itself is an instrument designed to view Earth with cameras pointed in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, each piece of Earth's surface below is successively imaged by all 9 cameras, in each of 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm. MISR is designed to view Earth with cameras in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, all nine cameras successfully imaged each piece of Earth's surface below in 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). MISR aims to improve our understanding of the effects of sunlight on Earth and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure.

Tags: earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid V006

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 250m SIN Grid product (MOD09GQK) provides MODIS bands 1 and 2, daily surface reflectance at 250 m resolution. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The quality information for this product is provided at three different levels of detail: for individual pixels for each band and each resolution and for the whole file.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Coarse Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 5km

MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Coarse Sea Ice Extent 5-Min L2 Swath 5km (MOD29L2C) data set contains fields for sea ice by reflectance, sea ice by reflectance pixel Quality Assessment (QA), Ice Surface Temperature (IST), IST pixel QA, latitudes, and longitudes in Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS) format, along with corresponding metadata. Latitude and longitude geolocation fields are at 5 km resolution, while all other fields are at 1 km resolution. The sea ice algorithm uses a Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) modified for sea ice to distinguish sea ice from open ocean based on reflective and thermal characteristics. Data are stored in HDF-EOS format, and are available from 24 February 2000 to present via FTP. Data can also be obtained in GeoTIFF format by ordering the data through the Data Pool.

Tags: earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-ice-extent, earth-science-sea-ice-cryosphere-ice-temperature, earth-science-sea-ice-oceans-ice-extent, earth-science-sea-ice-oceans-ice-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Snow Cover 5-Min L2 Swath 500m, Version 006

The MODIS/Aqua Near Real Time (NRT) Snow Cover 5-Min L2 Swath 500m (MYD10_L2) data set contains snow cover and Quality Assessment (QA) data, latitudes and longitudes in compressed Hierarchical Data Format-Earth Observing System (HDF-EOS) format, and corresponding metadata. Latitude and longitude geolocation fields are at 5 km resolution while all other fields are at 500 m resolution. Version 5 (V005), the latest version of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data available has two separate snow fields. The first field, snow cover, classifies each cloud-free land or inland water body pixel as snow-covered or snow-free, the second field, fractional snow cover, provides the percent of snow cover within each pixel for land and inland water bodies. MODIS snow cover data are based on a snow mapping algorithm that employs a Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) and other criteria tests. Data are stored in HDF-EOS format, and are available from 4 July 2002 to present. Data can also be obtained in GeoTIFF format by ordering the data through the Data Pool.

Tags: earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-lake-ice, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-lake-ice-fractional-snow-cover, earth-science-snow-ice-cryosphere-snow-cover, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-lake-ice, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-snow-cover, earth-science-snow-ice-terrestrial-hydrosphere-snow-cover-fractional-snow-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Land Surface Temperature/Emissivity Daily L3 Global 0.05Deg CMG V006

The MOD11C1 Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. Users are encouraged to use the [MOD11C1 Version 6.1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11C1.061) data product. The MOD11C1 Version 6 product provides daily Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) values in a 0.05 degree (5,600 meters at the equator) latitude/longitude Climate Modeling Grid (CMG). The MOD11C1 product is directly derived from the [MOD11B1](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11B1.006) product. A CMG granule follows a Geographic grid, having 7,200 columns and 3,600 rows, which represent the entire globe. Each MOD11C1 product consists of the following layers for daytime and nighttime observations: LSTs, quality control assessments, observation times, view zenith angles, number of clear-sky observations, and emissivities from bands 20, 22, 23, 29, 31, and 32 (bands 31 and 32 are daytime only) along with the percentage of land in the grid. Known Issues * Production of V6 Terra MODIS Land Surface Temperature and Emissivity (LST&E) data products was discontinued on November 16, 2022, due to [significant loss of data retrieval](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/displayissue?id=98) following the Constellation Exit Maneuvers. * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * Removed cloud-contaminated LSTs from Level 2 and Level 3 LST products. * Updated the coefficient look-up table (LUT) for the split-window algorithm with comprehensive regression analysis of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) simulation data in bands 31 and 32 over wide ranges of surface and atmospheric conditions, especially extending the upper boundary for (LST – Ts-air) in arid and semi-arid regions. Increased the overlap between various sub-ranges to reduce the sensitivity of the algorithm to uncertainties in the input data (i.e., column water vapor and air surface temperature from MOD07). * Made minor adjustments in the classification-based surface emissivity values, especially for bare soil and rocks land cover types. * Tuned the day/night algorithm by adjusting weights to improve performance in desert regions where the incorporated split-window algorithm may not work well. * Generated new gridded LST&E products with a 6 km spatial resolution for 8-day ([MOD11B2](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11B2.006)) and monthly ([MOD11B3](https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD11B3.006)) intervals in response to user community requests.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-emissivity, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Data subset for the UAE region V003

UAEMIB2E_003 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Level 1B2 Ellipsoid Data subset for the UAE region version 3. It contains Ellipsoid-projected TOA Radiance, resampled at the surface and topographically corrected and geometrically corrected by PGE22. The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm. MISR is designed to view Earth with cameras in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, all nine cameras successfully imaged each piece of Earth's surface below in 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). MISR aims to improve our understanding of the effects of sunlight on Earth and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure.

Tags: earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 1km and 500m SIN Grid

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance products are an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance as it would be measured at ground level in the absence of atmospheric scattering or absorption. Low-level data are corrected for atmospheric gases and aerosols, yielding a level-2 basis for several higher-order gridded level-2 (L2G) and level-3 products. MOD09GA provides Bands 1-7 in a daily gridded L2G product in the Sinusoidal projection, which includes 500-meter reflectance values and 1-kilometer observation and geolocation statistics. 500-meter Science Data Sets provided by this product include reflectance for Bands 1-7, a quality rating, observation coverage, observation number, and 250-meter scan information. 1-kilometer Science Data Sets provided include number of observations, quality state, sensor angles, solar angles, geolocation flags, and orbit pointers.Additional information at LPDAAC:https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/dataset_discovery/modis/modis_products_table

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Level 2 Aerosol parameters V002

Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) is an instrument designed to view Earth with cameras pointed in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, each piece of Earth's surface below is successively imaged by all 9 cameras, in each of 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). The goal of MISR is to improve our understanding of the fate of sunlight in Earth environment, as well as distinguish different types of clouds, particles and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure. MISR Level 2 Aerosol parameters V002 contains Aerosol optical depth and particle type, with associated atmospheric data.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-particulates, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-turbidity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Level 2 Aerosol parameters V003

MIL2ASAE_3 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Level 2 Aerosol parameters Version 3 product. It contains information on retrieved aerosol column amount, aerosol particle properties, and ancillary information based on Level 1B2 geolocated radiances observed by MISR. Data collection for this product is ongoing. As the instrument flies overhead, each piece of Earth's surface below is successively imaged by all nine cameras in each of the 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). The goal of MISR is to improve our understanding of the fate of sunlight in Earth's environment and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure. The entire mission has been reprocessed to version 3. The revision to the aerosol and land surface products includes both product format and significant algorithm changes, which impact the quality and performance of both aerosol and land surface retrievals.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-particle-properties, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-particulates, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-turbidity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Thermal Anomalies/Fire 5-Min L2 Swath 1km

MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) Thermal Anomalies/Fire products are primarily derived from MODIS 4- and 11-micrometer radiances. The fire detection strategy is based on absolute detection of a fire (when the fire strength is sufficient to detect), and on detection relative to its background (to account for variability of the surface temperature and reflection by sunlight). Numerous tests are employed to reject typical false alarm sources like sun glint or an unmasked coastline.MOD14 is level-2 swath data provided daily at 1-kilometer resolution. The Science Data Sets in this product include fire-mask, algorithm quality, radiative power, and numerous layers describing fire pixel attributes.The Terra MODIS instrument acquires data twice daily (10:30 AM and PM), as does the Aqua MODIS (1:30 PM and AM). These four daily MODIS fire observations serve to advance global monitoring of the fire process and its effects on ecosystems, the atmosphere, and climate.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-occurrence, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid NRT

The MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Surface Reflectance Daily L2G Global 500m SIN Grid Near Real Time (NRT) product, MOD09GHK, is a seven-band product computed from the MODIS Level 1B land Bands 1 through 7. The product is an estimate of the surface spectral reflectance for each band as it would have been measured at ground level if there were no atmospheric scattering or absorption. The correction scheme includes corrections for the effect of atmospheric gases, aerosols, and thin cirrus clouds; it is applied to all Level 1B pixels that pass the Level 1B quality control. The correction uses Band 26 to detect cirrus clouds, the approach used in MOD04 and MOD05 for water vapor, aerosol correction, and NCEP for ozone; the best available climatology data are used if the MODIS water vapor, aerosol, or ozone products are unavailable. The Level 2G surface reflectance product is the input for the generation of several land products: 8-day Surface Reflectance, Vegetation Indices (VIs), Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF), thermal anomaly, snow/ice, and Fraction of Photosynthetically Active Radiation/Leaf Area Index (FPAR/LAI).

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Near Real Time (NRT) Vegetation Indices Daily Rolling-8-Day L3 Global 500m SIN Grid

The MODIS Near Real Time (NRT) level-3 Vegetation Indices Daily Rolling-8-Day data MOD13A4N, are provided everyday at 500-meter spatial resolution as a gridded level-3 product in the Sinusoidal projection. Vegetation indices are used for global monitoring of vegetation conditions and are used in products displaying land cover and land cover changes. These data may be used as input for modeling global biogeochemical and hydrologic processes and global and regional climate. These data also may be used for characterizing land surface biophysical properties and processes including primary production and land cover conversion. Note: This is a near real-time product only. Standard historical data and imagery for MOD13Q4N (250m) and MOD13A4N (500m) are not available. Users can either use the NDVI standard products from LAADS web (https://ladsweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/search/) or access the science quality MxD09[A1/Q1] data and create the NDVI product of their own.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MISR Level 1B2 Terrain Data subset for the UAE region V003

UAEMIB2T_003 is the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Level 1B2 Terrain Data subset for the UAE region version 3 data product. It contains Terrain-projected TOA Radiance, resampled at the surface and topographically corrected, as well as geometrically corrected by PGE22. Data collection for this product is complete. The MISR instrument consists of nine push-broom cameras that measure radiance in four spectral bands. Global coverage is achieved in nine days. The cameras are arranged with one camera pointing toward the nadir, four forward, and four aftward. It takes seven minutes for all nine cameras to view the same surface location. The view angles relative to the surface reference ellipsoid are 0, 26.1, 45.6, 60.0, and 70.5 degrees. The spectral band shapes are nominally Gaussian, centered at 443, 555, 670, and 865 nm. MISR is designed to view Earth with cameras in 9 different directions. As the instrument flies overhead, all nine cameras successfully imaged each piece of Earth's surface below in 4 wavelengths (blue, green, red, and near-infrared). MISR aims to improve our understanding of the effects of sunlight on Earth and distinguish different types of clouds, particles, and surfaces. Specifically, MISR monitors the monthly, seasonal, and long-term trends in three areas: 1) amount and type of atmospheric particles (aerosols), including those formed by natural sources and by human activities; 2) amounts, types, and heights of clouds, and 3) distribution of land surface cover, including vegetation canopy structure.

Tags: earth-science-visible-wavelengths-spectral-engineering
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration