AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
<b>Data from: </b><b>Soil Responses to Inclusion of Corn, Soybean, and Cover Crops under Rainfed Conditions in the Northern Great Plains</b>

<p dir="ltr">Increased prevalence of corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] throughout the northern Great Plains has impacted the delivery of ecosystem services from agricultural lands. Such service-related impacts are often manifested through alterations in soil properties and processes. A study was conducted to quantify the impacts of crop rotation and tillage on a suite of soil properties near Mandan, ND USA, six years after rotation treatments were updated to include corn, soybean, and annual forages (i.e., full-season cover crop mixture). Crop rotations included spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean, spring wheat–corn–soybean, and spring wheat–corn–cover crop each split by no- and minimum tillage. The cover crop was comprised of spring triticale (Triticale hexaploide Lart,), millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.], canola (Brassica napus subsp. Rapifera), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), forage pea (Pisum sativum L.), soybean, and pasja turnip (Brassica campestris spp. L.). All crop phases in each rotation were present every year and treatments were replicated three times. Soil samples were collected in 2018 with a hydraulic probe to a 152.4 cm depth in increments of 0-7.6, 7.6-15.2, 15.2-30.5, 30.5-61.0, 61.0-91.4, 91.4-121.9, and 121.9-152.4 cm. Separate samples for aggregate stability analysis were collected with a trowel from the 0-7.6 cm depth. Soil samples were evaluated for soil bulk density, water-stable aggregates (WSA), electrical conductivity, soil pH, nitrate-nitrogen, available phosphorus, sulfate-sulfur, exchangeable cations (Ca, Mg, K, Na), micronutrients (B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn), total soil nitrogen, total carbon, inorganic carbon, and particulate organic matter (POM) carbon and nitrogen. Particulate organic matter (POM) was estimated from material retained on a 0.053 mm sieve analyzed for carbon and nitrogen content by dry combustion. Analyses for POM and WSA were conducted for the 0-7.6 cm depth only. Data may be used to better understand soil property responses to crop rotation and tillage practices under rainfed conditions within a semiarid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Temvik, Wilton, Grassna, Linton, Mandan, and Williams.</p>

Tags: annual-forage, crop-rotation, semiarid-cropping-systems, tillage
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Integrated crop-livestock system effects on soil N, P, and pH in a semiarid region

<p dir="ltr">Efficient use of plant nutrients is an important attribute to concurrently achieve production and environmental goals in integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems. Unfortunately, there is a lack of published findings on soil nutrient dynamics for ICL systems, particularly in semiarid regions. Effects of residue and grazing management on soil nitrate, available phosphorus, and soil pH were evaluated over a 12-yr period for an ICL experiment near Mandan, ND USA. From 1999 to 2011, soil nitrate and phosphorus were measured in three residue management treatments [grazed (GRAZE), mechanical harvest (HAY), no residue removal (CHOP)] every third year across a 122 cm depth, while soil pH was measured prior to deploying ICL treatments in 1999 and again in 2011. Soil samples were collected in each treatment on a grid pattern representing distinct zones differing in livestock impact based on distance from water and shelter. Soil nitrate-N was determined from 1:10 soil KCl (2M) extracts using cadmium reduction, while plant-available soil phosphorus was estimated by bicarbonate extraction. Soil pH was estimated using a 1:1 soil-water ratio. Gravimetric data were converted to a volumetric basis for each sampling depth using field measured soil bulk density from the 2011 sampling. Data were expressed for four soil depths: 1) near-surface (0-8 cm), 2) primary rooting (0-31 cm), 3) subsoil (31-122 cm), and 4) whole profile (0-122 cm). Data may be used to investigate soil nitrate-N, phosphorus, and pH responses to residue and grazing management for ICL systems under dryland conditions in a semiarid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Temvik, Wilton, Grassna, Linton, Mandan, and Williams.</p>

Tags: livestock, long-term-research, northern-great-plains, rainfed-cropping-systems, soil-acidification, soil-nitrate
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data and Code from: Association studies of salinity tolerance in sunflower provide robust breeding and selection strategies under climate change

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p>
<p>Phytotoxic soil salinity is a global problem, and in the northern Great Plains and western Canada, salt accumulates on the surface of marine sediment soils with high water tables under annual crop cover, particularly near wetlands. Crop production can overcome saline-affected soils using crop species and cultivars with salinity tolerance along with changes in management practices. This research seeks to improve our understanding of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) genetic tolerance to high salinity soils. Genome-wide association was conducted using the Sunflower Association Mapping panel grown for two years in naturally occurring saline soils (2016 and 2017, near Indian Head, Saskatchewan, Canada), and six phenotypes were measured: days to bloom, height, leaf area, leaf mass, oil percentage, and yield. Plot level soil salinity was determined by grid sampling of soil followed by kriging. Three estimates of sunflower performance were calculated: 1) under low soil salinity (<4 dS/m), 2) under high soil salinity (> 4 dS/m), and 3) plasticity (regression coefficient between phenotype and soil salinity). Fourteen loci were significant, with one instance of co-localization between a leaf area and a leaf mass locus. Some genomic regions identified as significant in this study were also significant in a recent greenhouse salinity experiment using the same panel. Also, some candidate genes underlying significant QTL have been identified in other plant species as having a role in salinity response. This research identifies alleles for cultivar improvement and for genetic studies to further elucidate salinity tolerance pathways.</p>
<p><strong>Contents</strong></p>
<p> This link to GitHub contains the data and analysis scripts used in this research, including R analysis scripts, and data analyzed.</p>

Tags: kriging-based-approach, soil-salinity, sunflowers, western-canada
Organization: Department of Agriculture
SWIFT - Small Watershed Nutrient Forecasting Tool

<p><a href="https://swift.brc.tamus.edu/">SWIFT (Small Watershed Nutrient Forecasting Tool)</a>, a component of the <a href="https://soilandwaterhub.brc.tamus.edu/Home/Index">USDA/ARS Soil and Water Hub</a>, is a web-based tool that allows the rapid estimation of sediment and nutrient loads from small watersheds for a given ecoregion in the US. </p>
<p>SWIFT can be used to estimate loads given relatively common information such as watershed size, landuse, and location. Estimated loads are provided as a distribution to illustrate the relative uncertainty inherent in the methods used. The web interface supports charting of precipitation, runoff, water yield, sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen forecasts by ecoregion, watershed, and landuse (rangeland, cropland, urban, forest, pasture/hay) across the contiguous United States as annual averages.</p>
<p>SWIFT is based on the concept of export coefficients and delivery ratios. SWIFT uses export coefficients for major landuse categories in the US derived from SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) predictions. Delivery components are based on data derived from the CEAP (Conservation Effects and Assessment Project).</p>
<div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: Website Pointer to SWIFT - Small Watershed nutrIent Forecasting Tool.</p> <p>File Name: Web Page, url: <a href="https://swift.brc.tamus.edu/Home/About" target="_blank">https://swift.brc.tamus.edu/Home/About</a> </p><p>The web dashboard interface for charting of precipitation, runoff, water yield, sediment, phosphorus, and nitrogen forecasts by ecoregion, watershed, and landuse (rangeland, cropland, urban, forest, pasture/hay) across the contiguous United States as annual averages.</p></li></ul>

Tags: ars, data-gov, np211, np212, np215, small-watershed-nutrient-forecasting-tool, swift
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Late-Seeded Cover Crops in a Semiarid Environment:  Overyielding, Dominance, and Subsequent Crop Yield

<p dir="ltr">Interest in cover crops is increasing but information is limited on incorporating them into crop rotations especially in the relatively short growing season on the northern Great Plains. A three-year study, initiated in 2009 on the AREA IV Soil Conservation Districts Cooperative Research Farm near Mandan, North Dakota, USA, evaluated 1) what impact cover crops may have on subsequent crops yields and 2) whether cover crop mixtures are more productive and provide additional benefits compared to cover crop monocultures. The study evaluated 18 different cover crop monocultures and mixtures that were seeded in August into dry pea residue (Pisum sativum L.). Biomass yield of the cover crops was collected by species following a killing frost the same year the cover crops were seeded. The following year, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), corn (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max L.) and dry pea were seeded into the different cover crop treatments and a non-treated control. Yield, test weight, crop moisture percent and thousand kernel weight (TKW) were collected for each crop by cover crop combination. This data can be used to understand biomass yields of late-seeded cover crop monocultures and mixtures and their effect on subsequent annual crops under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid continental climate. Applicable USDA soil types include Grassna, Linton, Mandan, Temvik, Williams, and Wilton.</p>

Tags: cool-season-cover-crops, diversity-indices, growing-degree-days-gdd, north-dakota, northern-great-plains, semi-arid-cropping-system, warm-season-cover-crops
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Kentucky bluegrass growth curves and nutritive values

<p>Dataset describes Kentucky bluegrass production and height throughout two growing seasons in a rangeland system in the northern Great Plains. One year of sampling was during a drought year and one year had average precipitation. 2017 was a drought year and 2018 was an average precipitation year. Dataset also includes the nutritive value of Kentucky bluegrass throughout the season. Dataset can be used for modeling or for grazing planning. Some plots were mowed before the growing season to simulate early defoliation.</p>
<p>Sampling occurred at the USDA Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory near Mandan, ND (46.7673 N, 100.9184 W) The 6-hectare pasture is at an altitude of 502 m above sea level and is within the temperate steppe ecoregion of the United States. This region is characterized by long, cold winters and short, hot summers. Predominant soil types include Temvik-Wilton silt loams (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, frigid Typic and Pachic Haplustolls). The pasture is on a loamy ecological site (site ID 054XY030ND) and is managed as a native grassland with no fertilization or irrigation. The average soil texture is a clay loam (31% clay, 49% silt, and 20% sand). Average soil chemical characteristics were: pH (H2O) = 6.4; OM = 7.4% LOI; Na (ppm) = 8.25; K (ppm) = 362.4; Ca (ppm) = 1925.4; Mg (mmolc/dm3) = 417.6; CEC (me/100 g) = 17.5; S (ppm) = 8.3; Cu (ppm) = 0.74; Fe (ppm) = 33.7; Mn (ppm) = 18.5; and Zn (ppm) = 9.7. </p>
<p>Data can be used for planning of animal grazing or for modeling grazing systems in the northern Great Plains of the USA.</p>

Tags: ars, data-gov, grass-productivity, growth-curve, kentucky-bluegrass, np216, nutritive-value, poa-pratensis
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Data from: Can measurements of foraging behaviour predict variation in weight gains of free-ranging cattle?

<p>Technologies are now available to continuously monitor livestock foraging behaviours, but it remains unclear whether such measurements can meaningfully inform livestock grazing management decisions. Empirical studies in extensive rangelands are needed to quantify relationships between short-term foraging behaviours (e.g. minutes to days) and longer-term measures of animal performance.  The objective of this study was to examine whether four different ways of measuring daily foraging behaviour (grazing-bout duration, grazing time per day, velocity while grazing, and turn angle while grazing) were related to weight gain by free-ranging yearling steers grazing semiarid rangeland.  These data include measurements interpreted from yearling steer outfitted with neck collars supporting a solar-powered device that measured GPS locations at 5 minute intervals and used an accelerometer to predict grazing activity at 4 second intervals.  Average daily weight gains of steers are included as well as an estimate of standing forage biomass derived from the Harmonized Landsat-Sentinel remote-sensing product.  These data support research to advance knowledge regarding the use of on-animal sensors that monitor foraging behaviour, which have the potential to transmit indicators to livestock managers in real time (e.g. daily).  This approach can help inform decisions such as when to move animals among paddocks, or when to sell or transition animals from rangeland to confined feeding operations. </p><div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: Means of Moonitor Metrics from 2019-2020 Study Periods.</p> <p>File Name: Moo2019-20_dailymetrics_w_ADG_by_studyperiod.csv</p></li><br><li><p>Resource Title: Data Dictionary for Means of Moonitor Metrics from 2019-2020 Study Period.</p> <p>File Name: Moo2019-20_dailymetrics_w_ADG_by_studyperiod_dictionary.csv</p></li><br><li><p>Resource Title: Daily Moonitor Metrics from 2019-2020.</p> <p>File Name: Moo2019-20_dailymetrics_database.csv</p></li><br><li><p>Resource Title: Data Dictionary for Daily Moonitor Metrics from 2019-2020.</p> <p>File Name: Moo2019-20_dailymetrics_database_dictionary.csv</p></li></ul><p></p>

Tags: accelerometer, ars, average-daily-gain, cattle-weight-gain, data-gov, forage-limitation, grazing-bout-duration, grazing-velocity, np215, semiarid-rangeland, shortgrass-steppe
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Mississippi School Food Service Directors' Interest in and Experience with Farm to School

<p>The dataset contains information collected from 122 K-12 public school food service directors in Mississippi, USA, who completed an online survey designed for Mississippi school food service directors. The survey was created using Snap Surveys Desktop software. Information includes school size (number of enrolled students), percent of students participating in free or reduced-price lunch, foods sourced locally (defined as grown or produced in Mississippi), desire to purchase more or start purchasing locally sourced foods, fresh fruit and vegetable purchasing practices, experience purchasing fruits and vegetables from farmers, challenges purchasing from farmers, and interest in other farm to school (F2S) activities. School food service directors' demographic characteristics collected include gender, age, ethnicity/race, marital status, and education level. The data were collected from October 2021 to January 2022 using an online mobile and secure survey management system called Snap Online. The data were collected to obtain updated demographic and school purchasing characteristics from school food service directors in Mississippi and to determine their current abilities, experiences, and desires to engage in F2S activities. The dataset can be used to learn about K-12 public school food service directors in Mississippi but results should not be generalized to all school food service directors in Mississippi or elsewhere in the USA. </p><div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: Mississippi Farm to School Food Service Director Dataset.</p> <p>File Name: MS F2S School Data Public.csv</p><p>Resource Description: The dataset contains information collected from 122 K-12 public school food service directors in Mississippi regarding their experience with and interest in farm to school, including purchasing local foods. It also contains demographic characteristics of the school food service directors and their fresh fruit and vegetable purchasing practices.</p><p>Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel,url: <a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/excel">https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/excel</a> </p></li><br><li><p>Resource Title: Mississippi Farm to School Food Service Director Data Dictionary.</p> <p>File Name: MS F2S School Data Dictionary Public.csv</p><p>Resource Description: The file contains information for variables contained in the associated dataset including names, brief descriptions, types, lengths, and values.</p><p>Resource Software Recommended: Microsoft Excel,url: <a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/excel">https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/excel</a> </p></li></ul><p></p>

Tags: ars, data-collection, data-gov, farm-to-school, local-foods, mississippi, np107, online-survey, purchasing-challenges, school-food-service-director
Organization: Department of Agriculture
AmeriFlux ecosystem observation datasets - University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Agricultural Research Service irrigated maize-soybean rotation site

<p>The study site is one of three fields (all located within 1.6 km of each other) at the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research and Development Center near Mead, Nebraska. This site is irrigated with a center pivot system. Prior to the initiation of the study, the irrigated site had a 10-yr history of maize-soybean rotation under no-till. A tillage operation (disking) was done just prior to the 2001 planting to homogenize the top 0.1 m of soil, incorporate P and K fertilizers, as well as previously accumulated surface residues. Since this tillage operation, the site has been under no-till management.</p> <div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: GeoData catalog record.</p> <p>File Name: Web Page, url: <a href="https://geodata.nal.usda.gov/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/UniversityOfNebraska2_eaa_2015_March_17_1535" target="_blank">https://geodata.nal.usda.gov/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/UniversityOfNebraska2_eaa_2015_March_17_1535</a> </p></li></ul>

Tags: affiliation-id-73, agriflux, ars, ceptometer, croplands, data-gov, daylight, daymet, earth-science-agriculture-agricultural-plant-science-cropping-systems, earth-science-agriculture-soils-soil-temperature, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-radiation, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-radiation-incoming-solar-radiation, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-temperature-air-temperature, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-water-vapor, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-water-vapor-humidity, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-winds-surface-winds-wind-speed-wind-direction, earth-science-atmosphere-precipitation, earth-science-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-land-cover, earth-science-land-surface-soils-soil-temperature, eddy-covariance-flux, environment, farming, incident-shortwave-radiation-flux-density, maize, net-radiometers, open-path-co2-h2o-gas-analyzer, portable-photosynthesis-system, precipitation-gauge, pyranometers, pyrgeometers, rotation, site-952, snow-water, sonic-anemometer, soybeans, stream-gauges, temperature-humidity-probe, trace-gas-analyzer, us-ne2, water-vapor-pressure
Organization: Department of Agriculture
Amplicon sequencing data for: Heritable genetic differences affect sunflower rhizosphere archaeal, bacterial, and fungal communities across all taxonomic levels

<p dir="ltr">Amplicon sequencing data (16S and ITS) was deposited to NCBI Genbank under BioProject ID PRJNA1200133 (<a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA1200133" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA1200133</a>).</p>

Tags: assembly, diversity, genotype, heritability, rhizosphere, sunflower
Organization: Department of Agriculture
UV-B Monitoring Climatological and Research Network Program - Agronomy Center for Research and Education, United States Department of Agriculture

<p>The UV-B Monitoring and Research Program operates a national network of solar irradiance monitoring stations equipped with instruments which provide measurements to meet the needs of both agricultural and atmospheric researchers. Two of the instruments deployed in the network are unique since they provide the important and useful direct component of solar irradiance without the expense and complexity of a solar tracker.

Instrumentation includes:
- Ultraviolet Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer: Direct, Total Horizontal, and Diffuse UV Irradiance at nominal 300, 305, 311, 317, 325, 332 and 368 nano-meter wavelengths
- Photosynthetically Active Radiation Sensor: 400 - 700 nano-meter wavelengths
- Broadband UVB-1 Pyranometer: (280-320 nm, erythemal weighted for skin damage)
- Multifilter Rotating Shadowband Radiometer: Direct, Total Horizontal and Diffuse Visible Irradiance at nominal 415, 500, 615, 673, 870, 940 nano-meter wavelengths, plus one unfiltered (open) silicon photodiode of 300-1040 nm.
- Barometric Pressure Sensor
- Air Temperature and Relative Humidity Sensor
- Downward Looking Photometer
- UV-A biometer

All instruments have on-board data logging capability. Measurements are provided as 3-minute averages, aggregated from 15/20 second readings of each instruments' raw output voltage.</p> <div><br>Resources in this dataset:</div><br><ul><li><p>Resource Title: GeoData catalog record.</p> <p>File Name: Web Page, url: <a href="https://geodata.nal.usda.gov/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/AgronomyCenter_eaa_2015_March_30_1213" target="_blank">https://geodata.nal.usda.gov/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/AgronomyCenter_eaa_2015_March_30_1213</a> </p></li></ul>

Tags: alfalfa, ars, corn, data-gov, earth-science-agriculture-agricultural-plant-science-cropping-systems, earth-science-agriculture-agricultural-plant-science-plant-breeding-and-genetics, earth-science-agriculture-agricultural-plant-science-weeds, earth-science-agriculture-soils, earth-science-atmosphere-atmospheric-radiation-ultraviolet-radiation, environment, farming, grains, noxious-plants-or-invasive-plants, purdue-university, sorghum, soybeans, west-lafayette
Organization: Department of Agriculture