AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
ISLSCP II Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) Radiation Data

This data set contains global Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) and a few top-of-atmosphere (TOA) radiation budget parameters on a 1-degree x 1-degree spatial resolution. These parameters are provided as monthly, monthly-3 hourly (i.e. monthly average for a particular 3 hourly period) and 3-hourly averages. All monthly parameters include files with a monthly mean value, a monthly standard deviation, and monthly minimum and maximum values. The surface and TOA Shortwave (SW) radiative parameters were computed with the Pinker and Laszlo (1992) radiation model. The Longwave (LW) SRB parameters were derived with the Gupta et al. (1992) model. Meteorological inputs for all processing were taken from the Goddard Earth Observing System version 1 (GEOS-1) reanalysis data sets (Schubert et al., 1993) from the Data Assimilation Office (DAO), at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC). Required cloud parameters were derived at NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC) from International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) DX data using the algorithms developed at the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) (Rossow et al., 1996). Surface albedos are derived internally in the Pinker and Laszlo SW model. There are 30 compressed data files (*.zip) with this data set. When the *.zip files are expanded, there are 114,912 3-hourly files, 42,064 diurnal files, and 6,254 monthly files.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-longwave-radiation, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-flux, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-radiative-forcing, earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-shortwave-radiation, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-top-temperature, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-radiative-transfer-cloud-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Monthly Snow-Free Albedo, 1982-1998, and Background Soil Reflectance

This data set contains monthly average snow-free surface shortwave albedo calculated for the period 1982-1998 and estimates of background soil/litter reflectances in the visible (0.4-0.7 Î¼m) and near-infrared (NIR) (0.7-1.0 Î¼m) wavelengths. Biophysical Parameters derived from the FASIR-NDVI (Fourier Adjusted, Solar zenith angle correction, Interpolation, and Reconstruction of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) data set developed for the ISLSCP Initiative II data collection for the months of January 1982 through December 1998 were used to calculate monthly mean surface albedos at 1 X 1 degree spatial resolution for vegetated land surfaces (Sellers et al, 1996b) for the wavelength interval from 0.4 to 3.0 Âµm. The instantaneous albedo is a function of the properties of the land surface and the solar zenith angle. The monthly mean albedo is an average weighted over time weighted by the incident radiation. NDVI data are used to generate the biophysical parameters leaf area index (LAI) and green fraction of vegetation (Greenness) used by the canopy radiative transfer model of the Simple Biosphere (SiB2) model (Sellers et al, 1996a), which computes the instantaneous albedo. This is coupled to the Colorado State University (CSU) General Circulation Model (GCM) (Randall et al, 1989) which integrates the SiB2 radiative transfer through time. The incident radiation for weighting the time-averaged albedo was provided by a previous run of the GCM using the atmospheric radiation parameterization of Harshvardhan et al (1987). The Harshvardhan parameterization models radiative transfer through the atmosphere in both the longwave and shortwave bands, including the effects of cloudiness and water vapor, carbon dioxide and ozone. The shortwave radiation distinguishes between the direct and diffuse components of the solar beam.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Total Plant-Available Soil Water Storage Capacity of the Rooting Zone

This data set provides two estimates of the geographic distribution of the total plant-available soil water storage capacity of the rooting zone ("rooting zone water storage size") on a 1.0 degree global grid. Two inverse modeling methods were used. The first modeling approach (optimization) was based on the assumption that vegetation has adapted to the environment such that it makes optimum use of water (Kleidon and Heimann 1998). The second method (assimilation) was based on the assumption that green vegetation indicates sufficient available water for transpiration (Knorr 1997). The data set was developed to provide alternative means to describe rooting characteristics of the global vegetation cover for land surface and climate models in support of the ISLSCP Initiative II data collection. There are three files in this data set.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-respiration-rate, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-erosion-sedimentation-land-surface-sediment-transport, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-respiration, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-carbon, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Sea Surface Temperature

Sea surface temperature (SST) is an important indicator of the state of the earth climate system as well as a key variable in the coupling between the atmosphere and the ocean. Accurate knowledge of SST is essential for climate monitoring, prediction and research. It is also a key surface boundary condition for numerical weather prediction and for other atmospheric simulations using atmospheric general circulation models and regional models. SST also is important in gas exchange between the ocean and atmosphere, including the air-sea flux of carbon. Gridded SST products have been developed to satisfy these needs. There are 3 .zip files provided with this data set. Gridded monthly and weekly sea surface temperature (SST) and long term SST monthly climatology for the period 1971-2000 are provided here. Weekly normalized error variance fields are also provided with the weekly data. The data are derived using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Optimum Interpolation (OI) global sea surface temperature analyses that use seven days of in situ (ship and buoy) and satellite SST observations and SST values derived from sea ice concentration. These analyses are produced weekly using optimum interpolation (OI) on a 1-degree grid. The data sets included in the ISLSCP II data collection are produced using version 2 of the OI analyses, called OIv2. In this data set, the ISLSCP II staff have masked land areas based on the ISLSCP II land/water mask. A file describing the differences between the ISLSCP II mask and the original mask used is provided.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-heat-flux, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ocean-chemistry-oceans-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ocean-heat-budget-oceans-heat-flux, earth-science-ocean-temperature-oceans-sea-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II River Routing Data (STN-30p)

The Simulated Topological Network (STN-30p) data set provides the large-scale hydrological modeling community an accurate representation of the global river system at 0.5 degree and 1.0 degree spatial resolutions. STN-30p represents the potential connectivity of the continental land mass by assigning one of eight (E, SE, S, SW, W, NW, N, NE) possible flow directions to each continental grid cell (Jenson 1988, Band 1993). The potentiality of STN-30p reflects the fact that flow direction is assigned to every land cell regardless of the existence of actively flowing rivers. STN-30p can be viewed as a river network which would exist if sufficient surface runoff was available to form river channels everywhere. There are two data files with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-hydrop, earth-science-topography-land-surface-terrain-elevation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II NOAA 5-year Average Monthly Snow-free Albedo from AVHRR

The objective of this work was to produce a monthly climatology of broadband surface albedos for use in global numerical weather prediction models at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). Monthly means of clear-sky, surface, broadband, snow-free albedos for overhead sun illumination angle were determined using data from a five-year period from April 1985-December 1987 and January 1989-March 1991. The data set is compatible in temporal coverage and spatial resolution with a monthly climatology of green vegetation fraction (Gutman and Ignatov, 1998) delivered earlier and currently in use at NCEP. Files showing the differences between the original data set and the Land/water mask used in the International Satellite land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative II are also provided.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification-vegetation-in, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II MODIS (Collection 4) Albedo, 2002

This International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP II) MODerate resolution Image Spectroradiometer (MODIS) dataset, ISLSCP II MODIS (Collection 4) Albedo 2002, provides albedo data for the period January 2002 through December 2002.The MODIS bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) albedo product (MOD43B) provides measures of clear sky surface albedo every 16 days. Both white-sky albedo (bihemispherical reflectance) and black-sky albedo (directional hemispherical reflectance) at local solar noon are provided for 7 spectral bands and 3 broadbands. Since black-sky albedo represents the direct beam contribution while white-sky represents the completely diffuse contribution, these measures can be linearly combined as a function of the fraction of diffuse skylight (itself a function of optical depth) to provide an actual or instantaneous albedo at local solar noon.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II HYDRO1k Elevation-derived Products

This data set contains coarse scale elevation and elevation-based parameters at 1.0 and 0.5-degree spatial resolutions that were developed to support a wide variety of global modeling activities through the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative II data collection. These coarse scale data have sufficient statistical information (up to fourth moment) to allow a good statistical description of the sub-cell distribution of any particular elevation parameter (i.e. elevation, slope and aspect). The database used in the development effort was the HYDRO1k product (http://eros.usgs.gov/#/Find_Data/Products_and_Data_Available/HYDRO1K) with a native spatial resolution of 1 km, the highest resolution database of global coverage of standard elevation-based derivatives (slope, aspect, elevation, compound topographic index, etc.).

Tags: earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-features-rivers-streams, earth-science-topography-land-surface-terrain-elevation, earth-science-topography-land-surface-terrain-elevation-digital-elevation-terrain-model-dem, earth-science-topography-land-surface-topographic-effects
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Global Population of the World

Global Population of the World (GPW) translates census population data to a latitude-longitude grid so that population data may be used in cross-disciplinary studies. There are three data files with this data set for the reference years 1990 and 1995. Over 127,000 administrative units and population counts were collected and integrated from various sources to create the gridded data. In brief, GPW was created using the following steps: * Population data were estimated for the product reference years, 1990 and 1995, either by the data source or by interpolating or extrapolating the given estimates for other years. * Additional population estimates were created by adjusting the source population data to match UN national population estimates for the reference years. * Borders and coastlines of the spatial data were matched to the Digital Chart of the World where appropriate and lakes from the Digital Chart of the World were added. * The resulting data were then transformed into grids of UN-adjusted and unadjusted population counts for the reference years. * Grids containing the area of administrative boundary data in each cell (net of lakes) were created and used with the count grids to produce population densities. As with any global data set based on multiple data sources, the spatial and attribute precision of GPW is variable. The level of detail and accuracy, both in time and space, vary among the countries for which data were obtained.

Tags: earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-population-human-dimensions-population-distribution, earth-science-population-human-dimensions-population-size
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II IGBP NPP Output from Terrestrial Biogeochemistry Models

This data set contains modeled annual net primary production (NPP) for the land biosphere from seventeen different global models. Annual NPP is defined as the net difference of annual carbon uptake (grams CO2/m2/yr) from the atmosphere through photosynthesis by the land vegetation and that lost back to the atmosphere through autotrophic and maintenance respiration. NPP is also related to the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) of carbon accumulated by or lost from the surface by its vegetation and soils. NPP is NEE plus heterotrophic (decomposition) respiration of the vegetation and soils. Only NPP values are included in this data set as some models did not estimate NEE. Data for the mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of NPP for the 17 models are provided at spatial resolutions of 1.0 degree and 0.5 degrees. There are two compressed (*.zip) data files with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) Intensity V1

The Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) Statistical Hurricane Intensity Prediction Scheme (SHIPS) Intensity dataset was obtained from March 18, 2014 through September 30, 2014 during the Hurricane and Severe Storm Sentinel (HS3) field campaign. Goals for the HS3 field campaign included assessing the relative roles of large-scale environment and storm-scale internal processes, addressing the controversial role of the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) in tropical storm formation and intensification, and the role of deep convection in the inner-core region of storms. The SHIPS model provides tropical storm intensity forecasts for the Atlantic Ocean and the eastern and central North Pacific Ocean storms and invest areas. SHIPS uses GOES infrared imagery as input to the systems. These SHIPS data are available in ASCII format.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-pressure-atmosphere-atmospheric-pressure-measurements, earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-upper-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-upper-level-winds-wind-direction, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-wind-dynamics-wind-shear-vertical-wind-shear, earth-science-ocean-winds-oceans-wind-shear
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II GPPDI, Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Class B Point Data

The Global Primary Production Data Initiative (GPPDI) was set up as a Focus 1 activity of the IGBP Data and Information System, a coordinated international program to improve worldwide estimates of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP) for parameterization, calibration, and validation of NPP models at various scales. The GPPDI data collection contains documented field measurements of NPP for global terrestrial sites compiled from published literature and other extant data sources. The point measurements of NPP were categorized as either Class A, representing intensively studied or well-documented study sites (e.g., with site-specific climate, soils information, etc.), Class B, representing more numerous “extensive” sites with less documentation and site-specific information available, or Class C, representing regional collections of half-degree latitude-longitude grid cells. This data set in the ISLSCP II collection represents the GPPDI Class B NPP data. The Class B NPP data file contains biomass dynamics, climate, and site-characteristics data georeferenced to each site. There is one ASCII data file with this data set.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-biogeochemical-cycles, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Global Precipitation Climatology Project Version 2, Monthly Precipitation

The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) Version 2 data set includes global, monthly precipitation rates and associated random errors (RMSE), and a monthly precipitation climatology derived as an average from all GPCP data sets from January 1979 to December 1999. The data are derived from measured gauge data and merged with satellite estimates of rainfall. This is a portion of the version 2 GPCP data and covers the ISLSCP II period from 1986 to 1995. There are six data files included with this data set: the original precipitation rates, errors and climatology at 2.5 degrees spatial resolution, and the same data re-gridded to a 1 degree spatial resolution by the ISLSCP II staff.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-liquid-precipitation-rain, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II C4 Vegetation Percentage

The photosynthetic composition (C3 or C4) of vegetation on the land surface is essential for accurate simulations of biosphere-atmosphere exchanges of carbon, water, and energy. C3 and C4 plants have different responses to light, temperature, CO2, and nitrogen; they also differ in physiological functions like stomatal conductance and isotope fractionation. A fine-scale distribution of these plant types is essential for earth science modeling. The C4 percentage is determined from datasets that describe the continuous distribution of plant growth forms (i.e., the percent of a grid cell covered by herbaceous or woody vegetation), climate classifications, the fraction of a grid cell covered in croplands, and national crop type harvest area statistics. The staff from the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative II have made the original data set consistent with the ISLSCP-2 land/water mask. This data set contains a single file in ArcInfo ASCIIGRID format. This data set is one of the products of the International Satellite Land-Surface Climatology Project, Initiative II (ISLSCP II) data collection which contains 50 global time series data sets for the ten-year period 1986 to 1995. Selected data sets span even longer periods. ISLSCP II is a consistent collection of data sets that were compiled from existing data sources and algorithms, and were designed to satisfy the needs of modelers and investigators of the global carbon, water and energy cycle. The data were acquired from a number of U.S. and international agencies, universities, and institutions. The global data sets were mapped at consistent spatial (1, 0.5 and 0.25 degrees) and temporal (monthly, with meteorological data at finer (e.g., 3-hour)) resolutions and reformatted into a common ASCII format. The data and documentation have undergone two peer reviews. ISLSCP is one of several projects of Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) [http://www.gewex.org/] and has the lead role in addressing land-atmosphere interactions -- process modeling, data retrieval algorithms, field experiment design and execution, and the development of global data sets.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-albedo, earth-science-land-use-land-cover-land-surface-land-use-land-cover-classification, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-canopy-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-plant-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ISLSCP II Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC) Monthly Precipitation

The Global Precipitation Climatology Centre (GPCC), which is operated by the Deutscher Wetterdienst (National Meteorological Service of Germany), is a component of the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) with the main emphasis on the treatment of the global in-situ observations. The GPCC simultaneously contributes to the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS) and other international research and climate monitoring projects. This rain gauge-only data set was acquired from GPCC and resampled to 0.5 degree grid boxes for use in the International Satellite Land Surface Climatology Project (ISLSCP) Initiative II. The GPCC collects precipitation data which are locally observed at rain gauge stations and distributed as CLIMAT and SYNOP reports via the Global Telecommunication System of the World Weather Watch (GTS) of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO). The Centre acquires additional monthly precipitation data from meteorological and hydrological networks which are operated by national services.

Tags: earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-liquid-precipitation-rain, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-precipitation-amount
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration