AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Head-Down Tilt As a Model for Intracranial and Intraocular Pressures, and Retinal Changes during Spaceflight (Optic Nerve, MRI)

This ground-based program was intended to address the etiology of visual system structural and functional changes observed in astronauts during both inflight and postflight periods. Using the well-documented rat hindlimb suspension (HLS) model, functionally equivalent to human head-down bedrest, we examined the relationship between cephalic fluid shifts resulting from long-duration G-unloading and the regulation of intracranial and intraocular pressures, as well as the effects these same cephalic fluid shifts have on visual system structure and function. Animals were chronically instrumented with biotelemetry to continuously measure intracranial pressure. Additionally, regular intraocular pressure measurements were made by tonometry during long-term exposure to cephalic fluid shifts induced by suspension. MRI images visualizing the visual system morphology were collected from HLS and control animals at regular intervals. Retinal morphology and ultrastructure were examined at specified intervals both during HLS and post-HLS recovery by ophthalmic examinations. This program utilized both male and female subjects in order to examine possible sex differences in these responses. We also examined the possible contributory factors of aging and elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (hypercapnia) on these responses of the visual system. Further, in addition to mimicking the effects of long duration exposure to microgravity through the use of the HLS model, we examined the responses of our measured outcomes during long-term recovery in the post-HLS period. Collectively, these data will help  us to develop a model to both understand and predict the etiology of changes in visual structure and function in astronauts exposed to the microgravity of spaceflight and during postflight recovery. This study investigated the development of a translational mammalian model within the context of hindlimb unloading, sex, and aging by which the data generated using this model can facilitate the development of countermeasures to alleviate any visual system decrements arising from exposure to the microgravity spaceflight environment. This study derives results from Magnetic Resonance Imaging assay using Optic Nerve tissue. This study is related to results found in OSD-679 (eye) and OSD-681(subcutaneous tissue and subdural space).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SpUDS MIPS Catalog

Spitzer Public Legacy Survey of the UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (SpUDS) is a survey of the ~1 square degree UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey (UDS). The survey consists of deep IRAC and 24 micron MIPS observations. The UDS is the largest deep near-infrared (JHK) survey in existence, and the first capable of sampling representative cosmological volumes (100x100 Mpc) out to the highest redshifts (z>6).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
PEP SPIRE 250 micron Catalog

The PACS Evolutionary Probe (PEP, Lutz et al. 2011) is a Herschel guaranteed time deep extragalactic survey (KPGT_dlutz_1) targeting six among the most popular "blank fields", ten lensing clusters of galaxies, and two z ~1 clusters at wavelengths of 100, and 160 microns. PEP includes SPIRE observations of the two z ~1 clusters at wavelengths of 250, 350, and 500 microns. SPIRE coverage of all other fields is available from the HerMES survey (Oliver et al. 2010). In addition, deep SPIRE GOODS-N data are provided by the GOODS-Herschel program (Elbaz et al. 2011).\n\nPEP used the Starfinder IDL code (Diolaiti et al. 2000a,b) to blindly extract the PACS catalogs, by means of PSF-fitting. PEP adopted the "direct" noise maps and extracted PSFs directly from the observed maps (see documentation). The released catalogs include all sources above a S/N threshold of 3 sigma, derived directly from the measured fluxes and flux uncertainties. Users should keep in mind that the error estimate does not take into account confusion noise. PEP recommends to use any flux below 0.6 mJy in the green band and below 2.0 mJy in the red band with care.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Effects of Space Flight on Inflammasome Activation in the Brain of Mice (Cortex; ECLIA)

Space exploration exposes astronauts to stressors that alter the immune response, rendering them vulnerable to infections and diseases. In this study, we aimed to determine the levels of inflammasome activation in the brains of mice that were housed in the International Space Station (ISS) for 37 days. C57BL/6 mice were launched to the ISS as part of NASA’s Rodent Research 1 Mission on SpaceX-4 CRS-4 Dragon cargo spacecraft from September 21st, 2014, to October 25th, 2014. Dissected mouse brains from that mission were analyzed by immunoblotting of inflammasome signaling proteins and Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLIA) for inflammatory cytokine levels. Our data indicate decreased inflammasome activation in the brains of mice that were housed in the ISS for 37 days when compared to the brains of mice that were maintained on the ground, and in mice corresponding to the baseline group that were sacrificed at the time of launching of SpaceX-4. Moreover, we did not detect any significant changes in the expression levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha, IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12p70 and IL-10 between the ground control and the flight groups. Together, these studies suggest that spaceflight results in a decrease in the levels of innate immune signaling molecules that govern inflammasome signaling in the brain of mice. This dataset derives results from the ECLIA assay using brain tissue.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSAT International X-Ray/Optical Survey Source Catalog

The ROSAT International X-Ray/Optical Survey (RIXOS) is a medium-sensitivity survey and optical identification program for X-ray sources which were discovered in ROSAT high Galactic latitude fields (|b| &gt; 28 degrees) and observed with the Position Sensitive Proportional Counter (PSPC) detector. The survey made use of the central 17 arcmin of each ROSAT field. A flux limit of 3 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (0.5-2.0 keV) was adopted for this survey, and a minimum exposure time of 8000 seconds was required for qualifying ROSAT observations. X-ray sources in the survey are therefore substantially above the detection threshold of each field used, and many contain enough counts to allow the X-ray spectral slope to be estimated. Spectroscopic observations of potential counterparts were obtained of all sources down to the survey limit in 64 fields, totaling a sky area of 15.77 square degrees. Positive optical identifications are made for 94% of the 296 sources thus examined. A further 18 fields (4.44 sq deg), containing 105 sources above the 3 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; survey limit, are completely optically identified to a higher flux of 8 x 10&lt;sup&gt;-14&lt;/sup&gt; erg/s/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (0.5-2.0 keV). Optical spectroscopic data are supplemented by deep CCD imaging of many sources to reveal the morphology of the optical counterparts, and objects too faint to register on Sky Survey plates. The faintest optical counterparts have R ~ 22. This table contains the catalog of the RIXOS sources and their optical identifications. This table was originally ingested by the HEASARC in June 2005 based on CDS table J/MNRAS/311/456/rixos.dat. It was updated in November 2013 shortly after the CDS released an update with the previously inadvertently omitted source RX J111809.9+212554 (RIXOS 123_84) included. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Exposure to elevated relative humidity in laboratory chambers alters fungal gene expression in dust from the International Space Station (ISS)

Microbes are present in all occupied indoor environments, including the International Space Station (ISS). An unexpected ventilation system failure may lead to microbial and fungal growth that is associated with material degradation or negative health effects. There is a need for improved understanding of fungal function when exposed to moisture in indoor spaces. A de novo metatranscriptomic study was performed using dust collected from within the ISS. After returning to Earth, dust was incubated in laboratory chambers to simulate relative humidity conditions of 50%, 85%, or 100% equilibrium relative humidity (ERH) for 1-week. Changes in fungal function (gene expression) were associated with moisture exposure. Genes associated with secondary metabolism and fungal growth were significantly upregulated (p ≤ 0.001, log2FC ≥ 2) at elevated RH conditions (85% or 100% ERH). Elevated moisture conditions showed an increased expression of mycotoxin and fungal allergen genes such as Asp f 4 and Alt a 7 (log2FC ≥ 5). These results demonstrate that understanding microbial gene expression in response to elevated moisture will help improve microbial monitoring standards for confined spacecraft environments and help protect astronaut health and spacecraft integrity.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
The impact of deep space radiation on cognitive performance: From biological sex to biomarkers to countermeasures (Flow Cytometry, Blood)

In the coming decade, astronauts will travel back to the moon in preparation for future Mars missions. Exposure to galactic cosmic radiation (GCR) is a major obstacle for deep space travel. Using multivariate principal components analysis, we found sex dimorphic responses in mice exposed to accelerated charged particles to simulate GCR (GCRsim); males displayed impaired spatial learning, whereas females did not. Mechanistically, these GCRsim induced learning impairments corresponded with chronic microglia activation and synaptic alterations in the hippocampus. Temporary microglia depletion shortly after GCRsim exposure mitigated GCRsim induced deficits measured months after the radiation exposure. Furthermore, blood monocyte levels measured early after GCRsim exposure were predictive of the late learning deficits and microglia activation measured in the male mice. Our findings (i) advance our understanding of charged particle induced cognitive challenges, (ii) provide evidence for early peripheral biomarkers for identifying late cognitive deficits, and (iii) offer potential therapeutic strategies for mitigating GCR induced cognitive loss. This study derives results from the Flow Cytometry assay using blood. These data are related to OSD-479 (behavior assays), OSD-777 (Microglia), and OSD-778 (Synapse).

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
10C Survey at 15.7 GHz Radio Source Catalog

In a previous paper (AMI Consortium 2011, MNRAS, 415, 2699: Paper I), the observational, mapping and source-extraction techniques used for the Tenth Cambridge (10C) Survey of Radio Sources were described. Here, the first results from the survey, carried out using the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI) Large Array (LA) at an observing frequency of 15.7 GHz, are presented. The survey fields cover an area of ~ 27 deg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; to a flux-density completeness of 1 mJy. Results for some deeper areas, covering ~ 12 deg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, which are wholly contained within the total areas and complete to 0.5 mJy, are also presented. The completeness for both areas is estimated to be at least 93 per cent. The 10C survey is the deepest radio survey of any significant extent (&gt;~ 0.2 deg&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) above 1.4 GHz. The 10C source catalogue contains 1897 entries detected above a flux density threshold of &gt; 4.62 sigma, and is available here and at the authors&#39; web site &lt;a href="http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/10C"&gt;http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/10C&lt;/a&gt;. The source catalog has been combined with that of the Ninth Cambridge Survey to calculate the 15.7-GHz source counts. A broken power law is found to provide a good parametrization of the differential count between 0.5 mJy and 1 Jy. The measured source count has been compared with that predicted by de Zotti et al. (2005, A&amp;A, 431, 893, and the model is found to display good agreement with the data at the highest flux densities. However, over the entire flux-density range of the measured count (0.5 mJy to 1 Jy), the model is found to underpredict the integrated count by ~ 30 per cent. Entries from the source catalog have been matched with those contained in the catalogues of the NRAO VLA Sky Survey and the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm survey (both of which have observing frequencies of 1.4 GHz). This matching provides evidence for a shift in the typical 1.4-GHz spectral index to 15.7-GHz spectral index of the 15.7-GHz-selected source population with decreasing flux density towards sub-mJy levels - the spectra tend to become less steep. Automated methods for detecting extended sources, developed in Paper I, have been applied to the data; ~ 5 per cent of the sources are found to be extended relative to the LA-synthesized beam of ~ 30 arcsec. Investigations using higher resolution data showed that most of the genuinely extended sources at 15.7 GHz are classical doubles, although some nearby galaxies and twin-jet sources were also identified. This table was created by the HEASARC in August 2011 based on an electronic version of Table 1 of the reference paper which was obtained from the 10C Survey web site &lt;a href="http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/10C/"&gt;http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/surveys/10C/&lt;/a&gt;. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ARC Code TI: NodeMon

NodeMon is a resource utilization monitor tailored to the Altix architecture, but is applicable to any Linux system or cluster. It allows distributed resource monitoring via the Growler software infrastructure. It is modular, with existing modules for monitoring of cpu, memory, network, and numalink activity.

Tags: growler, modular, monitor, nodemon, resource, utilization
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Spitzer Deep Wide-Field Survey 3.6 micron Epoch 4 Catalog

The Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey (SDWFS) is a four-epoch infrared survey of 10 square degrees in the Boötes field of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey using the IRAC instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope. SDWFS, a Spitzer Cycle 4 Legacy project, occupies a unique position in the area-depth survey space defined by other Spitzer surveys. The four epochs that make up SDWFS permit - for the first time - the selection of infrared-variable and high proper motion objects over a wide field on timescales of years. Because of its large survey volume, SDWFS is sensitive to galaxies out to z ~ 3 with relatively little impact from cosmic variance for all but the richest systems. The SDWFS data sets will thus be especially useful for characterizing galaxy evolution beyond z ~ 1.5.\n\nThe delivery consists of four band-matched catalogs for each of the four epochs and for the total SDWFS coadd data, a total of 20 catalogs. Vega magnitudes are reported for each IRAC band: 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8 microns. Each source was measured three ways: 4 arcsec diameter aperture, 6 arcsec diameter aperture, and Kron radius aperture (MAG_AUTO in SExtractor). Source coordinates correspond to 2MASS catalog positions to within 0.2 arcsec. The tabulated uncertainties are twice the SExtractor (statistical only) uncertainties as an attempt to account for systematic uncertainties.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ABoVE: Wildfire Carbon Emissions and Burned Plot Characteristics, NWT, CA, 2014-2016

This dataset provides estimates of wildfire carbon emissions and uncertainties at 30-m resolution, and measurements collected at burned and unburned field plots from the 2014 wildfire sites near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada. Field data were collected at 211 burned plots in 2015 and include site characteristics, tree cover and species, basal area, delta normalized burn ratio (dNBR), plot characteristics, soil carbon, and carbon combusted. Data were collected at 36 unburned plots with characteristics similar to the burned plots in 2016. The emission estimates were derived from a statistical modeling approach based on measurements of carbon consumption at the 211 burned field plots located in seven independent burn scars. Estimates include uncertainty of field observations of aboveground and belowground combustion, as well as prediction uncertainty from a multiplicative regression model. To apply the model across all 2014 NWT fire perimeters, the final model covariates were re-gridded to a common 30-m grid defined by the Arctic Boreal and Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) Project. The regression model was then applied to burned pixels defined by a threshold of Landsat-derived differenced Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) within fire perimeters. Derived carbon emissions and uncertainty in g/m2 are provided for each 30-m grid cell. The modeled NWT domain encompasses 29 tiles within the ABoVE 30-m reference grid system.

Tags: earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-emissions, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-fire-ecology-fire-occurrence, earth-science-forest-science-agriculture-forest-fire-science, earth-science-soils-land-surface-carbon, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-dominant-species, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
HERITAGE LMC PACS 160 micron Catalog

The HERschel Inventory of The Agents of Galaxy Evolution (HERITAGE) open time key program mapped the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) at 100, 160, 250, 350, and 500 microns using Herschel's PACS and SPIRE instruments. The overriding science goal of HERITAGE is to study the life cycle of matter as traced by dust in the LMC and SMC.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ASCA GIS Source Catalog (AMSS-I + AMSS-II)

This is the complete X-ray source catalog of the ASCA Medium Sensitivity Survey, AMSS, or the Gas Imaging Spectrometer (GIS) catalog project. It has been constructed from data for fields covering Galactic latitudes |b| &gt; 10 degrees which were obtained with the GIS instrument onboard the ASCA satellite between 1993 May and 1996 December (part I) and between 1997 January and 2000 May (part II). Part I of this catalog (AMSS-I) utilizes 368 combined fields, and contains 1343 sources (including target sources) with detection significance above 5 sigma in at least one of the 3 survey bands of 0.7-7.0, 2-10, or 0.7-2.0 keV, while AMSS-II uses 306 fields, and contains a total of 1190 sources, using the same criteria. The AMSS-I and AMSS-II catalogs together contain 2533 sources from an area of 278 square degrees and provide a unique database of X-ray sources in the flux range of 10&lt;sup&gt;-13&lt;/sup&gt; to 10&lt;sup&gt;-11&lt;/sup&gt; erg cm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt; s&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; (0.7-10 keV). The published paper contains a summary of the statistical properties of a complete X-ray sample consisting of 1969 serendipitous sources selected from AMSS-I and AMSS-II. For each source, the ASCA source name, position, 90% error radius, count rates (both observed and as corrected for Galactic absorption) in the 3 energy bands, detection signifances and fluxes in the 3 energy bands, and hardness ratio and associated error are provided. This version of the Browse ASCAGIS table containing the combined AMSS-I and AMSS-II source lists was created by the HEASARC in February 2006 based on the CDS version of the AMSS-I source list (&lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/133/1"&gt;CDS catalog J/ApJS/133/1&lt;/a&gt;) and the electronic ApJS version of the AMSS-II source list. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
ROSAT All-Sky Survey/NVSS Bright X-Ray Source Sample

By cross-identifying the RASS (ROSAT All-Sky Survey) Bright Source Catalog (RBSC, &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/IX/10"&gt;CDS Catalog IX/10&lt;/a&gt;) with the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS, &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/VIII/65"&gt;CDS Catalog VIII/65&lt;/a&gt;), the authors have constructed the RBSC-NVSS sample of the brightest X-ray sources (&gt;= 0.1 counts/s ~ 10&lt;sup&gt;-12&lt;/sup&gt; erg/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;/s in the 0.1 - 2.4keV band) that are also radio sources (S &gt;= 2.5 mJy at 1.4 GHz) in the 7.8 sr solid angle of extragalactic sky with galactic latitude |b| &gt; 15 degrees and declination &gt; -40 degrees. The sky density of NVSS sources is low enough that they can be reliably identified with RBSC sources having rms positional uncertainties &gt;= 10&quot;. The authors used the more accurate radio positions to make reliable X-ray/radio/optical identifications down to the POSS plate limits. They obtained optical spectra for many of the bright identifications lacking published redshifts. The resulting X-ray/radio sample is unique in its size (1557 objects), composition (a mixture of nearly normal galaxies, Seyfert galaxies, quasars, and clusters), and low average redshift [&lt;z&gt;~0.1]. This table was created by the HEASARC in September 2003 based on &lt;a href="https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/129/547"&gt;CDS Catalog J/ApJS/129/547&lt;/a&gt;, files table1.dat and table2.dat. This is a service provided by NASA HEASARC .

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Aboveground Biomass for Howland Forest, Maine, 2012-2023

This dataset holds aboveground biomass (AGB) estimates at 10-m spatial resolution for the Howland Research Forest in central Maine for 2012, 2015, 2017, 2021, and 2023. Forest inventory data were collected using 50 fixed-area plot sampling during the summers of 2021, 2023, and 2024. Plots included permanent inventory plots around existing flux towers and additional plots to ensure representation of various forest conditions. Each plot had a radius of 7.98 m. In addition, leaf-off airborne LiDAR data were collected by the USGS 3DEP project in 2012, 2015, and 2023, and leaf-on data were obtained from the NASA G-LiHT project for 2017 and 2021. The LANDIS-II forest landscape model along with its Biomass Succession extension was used to simulate ecosystem dynamics in Howland Forest. Then, a random forest (RF) model was used to generate wall-to-wall biomass maps for the research forest from the LiDAR data. The RF model was calibrated from in situ AGB measurements from plots and simulated AGB values for the LiDAR acquisition years. Howland Research Forest is a low-elevation transitional forest dominated by spruce and hemlock, with conifer and northern hardwood species. The data are provided in cloud optimized GeoTIFF format.

Tags: earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-terrestrial-ecosystems-forests, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Apollo 17 Challenge System - Seed Germination (Cabbage, Brussel Sprouts, Radish and Lettuce)

Analyses of effects of lunar materials on plants: This study was designed to determine if lunar material can cause disease in plants grown under controlled conditions and to assess the effects of lunar materials on the germination and subsequent development of seeds of species belonging to the Tracheophyta (vascular plants). Due to the historic nature of these experiments some metadata is absent or unclear in the available documentation. At OSDR we welcome contributions from our community. If you review the material associated with this dataset and have a suggestion for an improvement, correction or addition please let us know at arc-dl-osdr-data@mail.nasa.gov.

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Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration