Surface-Water Network for the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM)

This digital dataset contains the surface-water network for the Central Valley Hydrologic Model (CVHM).  
The Central Valley encompasses an approximate 50,000-square-kilometer region of California. The complex 
hydrologic system of the Central Valley is simulated using the USGS numerical modeling code MODFLOW-FMP 
(Schmid and others, 2006).  This simulation is referred to here as the CVHM (Faunt, 2009). Utilizing 
MODFLOW-FMP, the CVHM simulates groundwater and surface-water flow, irrigated agriculture, land 
subsidence, and other key processes in the Central Valley on a monthly basis from 1961-2003.  The total 
active modeled area is 20,334 square-miles.  The CVHM includes complex surface-water management 
processes.  The hydrology of the present-day Central Valley and the CVHM model are driven by surface-water 
deliveries and associated groundwater pumpage.  The Streamflow Routing Package (SFR1) is linked to 
MODFLOW-FMP to facilitate the simulated conveyance of surface-water deliveries. If surface-water deliveries 
do not meet the farm delivery requirement, the FMP invokes simulated groundwater pumping to meet the 
demand.  The surface-water network represents a subset of the entire stream network in the valley.  Even 
so, it covers about 3,000 kilometers of surface-water and is simulated using 208 stream segments that 
represent 2244 stream reaches, with 43 inflows and 66 diversion locations providing 64 routed and 41 
non-routed deliveries.  Most of these inflows are regulated by dams and most of the deliveries conveyed 
are through an extensive canal network.  The routed deliveries are convyed through the simulated surface-water 
network, while the non-routed delivery conveyance typically occurs through small canals or diversion ditches 
and are not directly simulated. Much of the surface-water diversion and delivery information was compiled by 
the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) for 21 water-balance subregions (WBSs) covering the 
valley floor (C. Brush, California Department of Water Resources, written commun., February 21, 2007).  The 
CVHM is the most recent regional-scale model of the Central Valley developed by the U.S. Geological Survey 
(USGS).The CVHM was developed as part of the USGS Groundwater Resources Program (see "Foreword", 
Chapter A, page iii, for details).

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Organization: Department of the Interior