AndreaBozzo/ceres-open-data-index huggingface dataset:
Multi-Satellite Air Quality Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Database Long-Term L4 Global V2 (MSAQSO2L4) at GES DISC

These data are a part of Multi-Decadal Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Climatology from Satellite Instruments (MEaSUREs-12-0022 project). Version 2 of the global catalogue of emissions from large SO2 point sources combines data from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA's EOS Aura spacecraft, the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) on the NASA-NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP), and the TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) on the ESA/Copernicus Sentinel-5 Precursor (S-5P) spacecraft. The catalogue MSAQSO2L4 file contains the site coordinates, source type, country, source name, annual SO2 emissions, annual emission uncertainties, and the number of satellite pixels in the fitting area for three satellite instruments as well as for their weighted average. The emission estimates are based on operational version 2 OMI and OMPS Principal Component Analysis (PCA) retrieval algorithm SO2 slant column density (SCD) data (Li et al., 2020) as well as on new TROPOMI Covariance-Based Retrieval Algorithm (COBRA) SCD data (Theys et al., 2021). A single time-independent site-specific Air-Mass Factor (AMF) value for each site was calculated (McLinden et al., 2014) and applied consistently to each satellite SCD dataset to derive SO2 vertical column densities (VCDs=SCDs/AMFs). The emission estimate method is based on a fit of satellite VCDs to an empirical plume model developed to describe the SO2 spatial distribution near emission point sources. The plume model assumes that the SO2 concentrations emitted from a point source decline exponentially with distance and that they are affected by turbulent diffusion that can be described by a two-dimensional (2D) exponentially modified Gaussian function. The total SO2 mass is derived from the fit and the annual emission rate is calculated as the ratio between the total mass and the prescribed SO2 lifetime.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles, earth-science-air-quality-atmosphere-sulfur-oxides, earth-science-atmospheric-chemistry-atmosphere-sulfur-compounds-sulfur-dioxide, earth-science-natural-hazards-human-dimensions-volcanic-eruptions
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Local Satellite Time) 10-Day L3 Global 2.0x5.0deg Lat/Lon Grid V1 (MSLERLSTL3d10) at GES DISC

The Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Local Satellite Time) 10-Day L3 Global 2.0x5.0deg Lat/Lon Grid data product is derived from multi-satellite Solar Backscatter UltraViolet (SBUV) observations made by the Nimbus-7 SBUV, and NOAA 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18 SBUV/2 instruments at 340 nm. The Local Satellite Time (LST) data are uncorrected for the drift of the local equator crossing time of the spacecraft. The table below lists the date ranges for each instrument (note A = ascending node, D = descending node): Instrument Start Date End Date ------------------ ---------- ---------- Nimbus-7 SBUV 1978-11-01 1990-06-21 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (A) 1985-02-02 1991-09-03 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (D) 1990-04-25 1997-05-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (A) 1988-12-01 1995-03-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (D) 1997-07-15 2001-03-26 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (A) 1995-02-05 2002-09-11 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (D) 2002-04-09 2006-09-28 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (A) 2000-10-03 2009-09-15 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (D) 2008-04-28 2012-12-31 NOAA-17 SBUV/2 2002-07-10 2012-12-31 NOAA-18 SBUV/2 2005-06-05 2012-12-12 The scene reflectivities of the Earth at blue and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (320 nm to 415 nm) are low over most surfaces (except ice and snow), and are almost independent of the seasonal changes in vegetation on land and in the oceans. This makes it ideal for examining changes in radiation reflected back to space from changes in cloud and aerosol amounts, especially as affected by the start of climate change. The MSLERLSTL3d10 data are archived in the HDF-EOS5 file format using the Grid model. The product consists of a single data file representing the entire data set containing the reflectivity data in a single time versus latitude versus longitude data field array or variable. The data array contains attributes describing the variable, and the file contains metadata stored in the HDFEOS file attribute section.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance-lambertian-equivalent-reflectivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Noon Normalized) 1 day L3 Global 5.0deg Lat Zones V1 (MSLERNNL3zm) at GES DISC

The Multi-Satellite Lambertian Equivalent Reflectivity (Noon Normalized) 1 day L3 Global 5.0deg Lat Zones data product (MSLERNNL3zm) is derived from observations made by the Nimbus-7 SBUV, and NOAA 9, 11, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19 SBUV/2 instruments (340 nm), Nimbus-7 and Earth Probe TOMS (331 nm), OMI (340 nm) and SeaWiFS (412 nm) from 1978 to 2011. The Noon Normalized (NN) data have been corrected to local noon equator crossing time. The NN correction was applied only to data between latitudes 60 degrees north and 60 degrees south due to insufficient diurnal data at higher latitudes. The table below lists the date ranges for each instrument (note A = ascending node, D = descending node): Instrument Start Date End Date ------------------ ---------- ---------- Nimbus-7 SBUV 1978-11-01 1990-06-21 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (A) 1985-02-02 1991-09-03 NOAA-9 SBUV/2 (D) 1990-04-25 1997-05-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (A) 1988-12-01 1995-03-31 NOAA-11 SBUV/2 (D) 1997-07-15 2001-03-26 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (A) 1995-02-05 2002-09-11 NOAA-14 SBUV/2 (D) 2002-04-09 2006-09-28 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (A) 2000-10-03 2009-09-15 NOAA-16 SBUV/2 (D) 2008-04-28 2012-12-31 NOAA-17 SBUV/2 2002-07-10 2012-12-31 NOAA-18 SBUV/2 2005-06-05 2012-12-12 Nimbus-7 TOMS 1978-11-01 1993-05-06 EarthProbe TOMS 1996-07-25 2004-06-21 Aura OMI 2005-01-01 2008-12-31 SeaStar SeaWiFS 1998-01-01 2008-12-30 The scene reflectivities of the Earth at blue and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths (320 nm to 415 nm) are low over most surfaces (except ice and snow), and are almost independent of the seasonal changes in vegetation on land and in the oceans. This makes it ideal for examining changes in radiation reflected back to space from changes in cloud and aerosol amounts, especially as affected by the start of climate change. The MSLERNNL3zm data are archived in the HDF-EOS5 file format using the Zonal Average (ZA) model. The product consists of a single data file representing the entire data set containing the individual instrument data in separate time versus latitude arrays. Each data array contains attributes describing the variable, and the file contains metadata stored in the HDFEOS file attribute section.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-radiation-atmosphere-reflectance-lambertian-equivalent-reflectivity
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
MODIS/Terra Thermal Bands Daily L2G-Lite Global 1km SIN Grid V006

The MODTBGA Version 6 data product was decommissioned on July 31, 2023. The MODTBGA Version 6 Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Level 2 Gridded Lite (L2G-lite) Thermal Band product consists of brightness temperature data from MODIS bands 20, 31, and 32 and albedo data from band 20 along with the orbit and granule pointer fields. MODTBGA is a daily product with a pixel size of 1 kilometer (km). The MODTBGA, as with other L2G data sets, stores the “best available pixel” from all the qualifying observations in the first layer and any subsequent observations are stored in either full or a compact layers within the Hierarchical Data Format (HDF) file. Known Issues * For complete information about known issues please refer to the [MODIS/VIIRS Land Quality Assessment website](https://landweb.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/knownissue?sensor=MODIS&sat=Terra&as=6). Improvements/Changes from Previous Versions * New product for MODIS Version 6.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-thermal-properties-land-surface-land-surface-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Monthly SIF Estimates from TROPOMI over the Arctic Ocean, 2004-2020

This dataset provides solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) estimates over the Arctic Ocean at a 0.05-degree resolution for each month from January 2004 through December 2020. Red SIF data from TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) (2018 to 2021) were extended over the study period using a random forest machine learning model trained using TROPOMI SIF climatological records. These data are useful for monitoring the physiological responses of phytoplankton to ongoing climate change over this ocean region. The data are provided in cloud optimized GeoTIFF format.

Tags: earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-photosynthesis, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-primary-production, earth-science-ecosystems-biosphere-aquatic-ecosystems-plankton, earth-science-ocean-optics-oceans-fluorescence
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multispectral Imagery, NDVI, and Terrain Models, Big Trail Lake, Fairbanks, AK, 2019

This dataset provides multispectral reflectance imagery (green at 550 nm, red at 660 nm, red edge at 735 nm, and near-infrared at 790 nm), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and digital surface and terrain models for a 0.5 km2 area surrounding Big Trail Lake (BTL) in the Goldstream Creek Valley north of Fairbanks, Alaska. These high spatial resolution maps (13 cm x 13 cm) were generated by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery collected on 2019-08-04. Raw images (n=908) were combined into mosaic layers that incorporated ground control points with centimeter accuracy. These layers were then used to generate vegetation, water body, and elevation maps and then combined with in situ measurements of methane flux to improve upscaling models of greenhouse gas emissions.

Tags: earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-reflectance, earth-science-topography-land-surface-terrain-elevation-digital-elevation-terrain-model-dem, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-cover, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-vegetation-index-normalized-difference-vegetation-index-ndvi
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Monthly Summaries of Soil Temperature and Soil Moisture in China, Version 1

This data set contains soil temperature and soil moisture data from nine sites in China. Temporal coverage varies by station; the earliest record is from June 1998, and the latest is from May 2002. Data from individual stations are available in tab-delimited ASCII text files. An Excel spreadsheet contains the same data compiled together in a single file. NSIDC currently provides these summary data via ftp; the full soil temperature and moisture data set is available from Ron Paetzold, USDA.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-temperature-atmosphere-surface-air-temperature, earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere-humidity-humidity, earth-science-atmospheric-winds-atmosphere-surface-winds-surface-winds, earth-science-frozen-ground-cryosphere-soil-temperature-soil-temperature, earth-science-frozen-ground-land-surface-soil-temperature-soil-temperature, earth-science-precipitation-atmosphere-rain-rain, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-temperature-soil-temperature
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Multisensor Advanced Climatology Mean Liquid Water Path Diurnal Cycle L3 Monthly 1 degree x 1 degree V1 (MACLWP_diurnal) at GES DISC

The Multi-Sensor Advanced Climatology of Liquid Water Path (MAC-LWP) data set contains monthly 1.0-degree ocean-only estimates of cloud liquid water path (MACLWP_mean), total water path (MACTWP_mean) which includes both cloud and rain water, and monthly climatologies of cloud liquid water path diurnal cycle amplitudes and phases (MACLWP_diurnal). The MACTWP_mean field can also be used as a quality-control screen for the MACLWP_mean field as discussed in Elsaesser et al. (2017), where uncertainty increases as the ratio of cloud to total water path increases. The MAC-LWP algorithm uses as input the Remote Sensing Systems (RSS) Version 7 0.25 degree-resolution retrieval products (produced using the SSM/I, AMSR-E, TMI, AMSR-2, GMI, SSMIS, and WindSat satellite sensors), and performs a bias correction on all input RSS cloud water path products based on AMSR-E matchups to clear-sky MODIS scenes. The MAC-LWP algorithm ensures that spurious trends and variability in the cloud fields arising from drifting satellite overpass times are mitigated by simultaneously solving for the monthly average cloud and total water paths and monthly-mean diurnal cycles, as discussed in O&#8217;Dell et al. (2008). Additional details on the algorithm and data fields can be found in Elsaesser et al. (2017).

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-liquid-water-ice
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAAMES C-130 Cloud In Situ Data, Version 1

NAAMES_Cloud_AircraftInSitu_Data are in situ cloud measurements collected onboard the C-130 aircraft during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). These measurements were collected from November 4, 2015 – November 29, 2015, May 11, 2016 – June 5, 2016 and August 30, 2017-September 22, 2017 over the North Atlantic Ocean. The primary objective of NAAMES was to resolve key processes controlling ocean system function, their influences on atmospheric aerosols and clouds and their implications for climate. The airborne products link local-scale processes and properties to the larger scale continuous satellite record. Data collection for this product is complete. The NASA North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) project was the first NASA Earth Venture – Suborbital mission focused on studying the coupled ocean ecosystem and atmosphere. NAAMES utilizes a combination of ship-based, airborne, autonomous sensor, and remote sensing measurements that directly link ocean ecosystem processes, emissions of ocean-generated aerosols and precursor gases, and subsequent atmospheric evolution and processing. Four deployments coincide with the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Winter Transition (November 5 – December 2, 2015), the Bloom Climax (May 11 – June 5, 2016), the Deceleration Phase (August 30 – September 24, 2017), and the Acceleration Phase (March 20 – April 13, 2018). Ship-based measurements were conducted from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Vessel Atlantis in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, while airborne measurements were conducted on a NASA Wallops Flight Facility C-130 Hercules that was based at St. John's International Airport, Newfoundland, Canada. Data products in the ASDC archive focus on the NAAMES atmospheric aerosol, cloud, and trace gas data from the ship and aircraft, as well as related satellite and model data subsets. While a few ocean-remote sensing data products (e.g., from the high-spectral resolution lidar) are also included in the ASDC archive, most ocean data products reside in a companion archive at SeaBass.

Tags: earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-droplet-distribution, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-microphysics-cloud-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-clouds-atmosphere-cloud-properties-cloud-top-height
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAAMES C-130 Aerosol In Situ , Version 1

NAAMES_Aerosol_AircraftInSitu_Data are in situ aerosol measurements collected onboard the C-130 aircraft during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). These measurements were collected from November 4, 2015 – November 29, 2015, May 11, 2016 – June 5, 2016 and August 30, 2017-September 22, 2017 over the North Atlantic Ocean. The primary objective of NAAMES was to resolve key processes controlling ocean system function, their influences on atmospheric aerosols and clouds and their implications for climate. The airborne products link local-scale processes and properties to the larger scale continuous satellite record. Data collection for this product is complete. The NASA North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) project was the first NASA Earth Venture – Suborbital mission focused on studying the coupled ocean ecosystem and atmosphere. NAAMES utilizes a combination of ship-based, airborne, autonomous sensor, and remote sensing measurements that directly link ocean ecosystem processes, emissions of ocean-generated aerosols and precursor gases, and subsequent atmospheric evolution and processing. Four deployments coincide with the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Winter Transition (November 5 – December 2, 2015), the Bloom Climax (May 11 – June 5, 2016), the Deceleration Phase (August 30 – September 24, 2017), and the Acceleration Phase (March 20 – April 13, 2018). Ship-based measurements were conducted from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Vessel Atlantis in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, while airborne measurements were conducted on a NASA Wallops Flight Facility C-130 Hercules that was based at St. John's International Airport, Newfoundland, Canada. Data products in the ASDC archive focus on the NAAMES atmospheric aerosol, cloud, and trace gas data from the ship and aircraft, as well as related satellite and model data subsets. While a few ocean-remote sensing data products (e.g., from the high-spectral resolution lidar) are also included in the ASDC archive, most ocean data products reside in a companion archive at SeaBass.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-extinction, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-optical-depth-thickness, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-cloud-condensation-nuclei, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-nitrate-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-organic-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-particulate-matter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NACP MsTMIP: Global 0.5-degree Model Outputs in Standard Format, Version 1.0

This data set provides global gridded estimates of carbon, energy, and hydrologic fluxes between the land and atmosphere from 15 Terrestrial Biosphere Models (TBMs) in a standard format. Model estimates are at monthly and yearly time steps for the period 1900 to 2010, with a spatial resolution of 0.5 degree x 0.5 degree globally, excluding Antarctica.

Tags: earth-science-atmospheric-water-vapor-atmosphere, earth-science-ecological-dynamics-biosphere-ecosystem-functions-respiration-rate, earth-science-ground-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-ground-water-processes-measurements-discharg, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-depth, earth-science-soils-land-surface-soil-moisture-water-content, earth-science-surface-radiative-properties-land-surface-albedo, earth-science-surface-water-terrestrial-hydrosphere-surface-water-processes-measurements-runoff, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-biomass, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-carbon, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-leaf-characteristics, earth-science-vegetation-biosphere-photosynthetically-active-radiation
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
NAAMES R/V Atlantis Aerosol In Situ Data, Version 1

NAAMES_Aerosol_ShipInSitu_Data are in situ aerosol measurements collected onboard the R/V Atlantis vessel during the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES). These measurements were collected from November 4, 2015 – November 29, 2015, May 11, 2016 – June 5, 2016, August 30, 2017-September 22, 2017 and March 18, 2018 – April 13, 2018 over the North Atlantic Ocean. The primary objective of NAAMES was to resolve key processes controlling ocean system function, their influences on atmospheric aerosols and clouds and their implications for climate. The ship-based measurements provide detailed characterization of plankton stocks, rate processes, and community composition. Ship measurements collected during NAAMES also characterize sea water volatile organic compounds, their processing by ocean ecosystems, and the concentrations and properties of gases and particles in the overlying atmosphere. Data collection for this product is complete. The NASA North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study (NAAMES) project was the first NASA Earth Venture – Suborbital mission focused on studying the coupled ocean ecosystem and atmosphere. NAAMES utilizes a combination of ship-based, airborne, autonomous sensor, and remote sensing measurements that directly link ocean ecosystem processes, emissions of ocean-generated aerosols and precursor gases, and subsequent atmospheric evolution and processing. Four deployments coincide with the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton in the North Atlantic Ocean: the Winter Transition (November 5 – December 2, 2015), the Bloom Climax (May 11 – June 5, 2016), the Deceleration Phase (August 30 – September 24, 2017), and the Acceleration Phase (March 20 – April 13, 2018). Ship-based measurements were conducted from the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Vessel Atlantis in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, while airborne measurements were conducted on a NASA Wallops Flight Facility C-130 Hercules that was based at St. John's International Airport, Newfoundland, Canada. Data products in the ASDC archive focus on the NAAMES atmospheric aerosol, cloud, and trace gas data from the ship and aircraft, as well as related satellite and model data subsets. While a few ocean-remote sensing data products (e.g., from the high-spectral resolution lidar) are also included in the ASDC archive, most ocean data products reside in a companion archive at SeaBass.

Tags: earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-aerosol-backscatter, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-cloud-condensation-nuclei, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-nitrate-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-organic-particles, earth-science-aerosols-atmosphere-sulfate-particles
Organization: National Aeronautics and Space Administration