Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[24] Faith provided Waltar with a justification for adopting a positive outlook on life, despite the disappointments caused by humans.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Despite this, the author repeatedly appeared as an incessant skeptic.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Waltari recognized that one cannot live without faith, but a thinking person cannot live without suspicion either.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Nonetheless, Waltari's late production shows the writer to have found in Christianity such hope for the future of mankind that seemed completely lost in his main work Sinuhe Egyptian (1945).


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[51] Political views Mika Waltar is often seen as right-wing, yet liberal and tolerant.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[52] Katri Vala called Waltar a “Coalition moralist and Mother's Day speaker.”


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[53] Waltari described himself in 1972 as being a “stray voter” whose choice to vote is based more on person than party.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

He also told me he would always vote for a woman because women are much more rational than men in his opinion.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[54] Waltari translated the cult work of the National Socialists, Horst Wessel: A German Fate (WSOY, 1933), written by Hanns Heinz Ewers.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[1] In his memoirs, Waltari explains that at that time he did not know the National Socialist cause very well.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[9] In 1939, before the start of World War II, he wrote an article about his journey in Europe describing Nazi Germany in a rather positive tone.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[55] Interest in visual arts Mika Waltari's texts are very visual, and visual art influenced his writing.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Waltari has told me he surrounded himself with fine art.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

The boards were friends and companions to him.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

He was also a diligent visitor to art exhibitions and museums.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

According to Waltari himself: [56] The exhibition presented at the Ateneum Art Museum in autumn 2008 included works by Eemu Mynt, Yrjö Saarinen, Otto Mäkilä, Mauno Markkula and Aimo Kanerva, important to Mika Waltari.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Among other things, a book was published in conjunction with the exhibition, which compiles all of Waltari's writings on the five artists in the exhibition.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Other articles in the book detail Waltar's relationship with the visual arts.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[56] Commendations Waltari was awarded in 1952 with the Pro Finlandia Medal.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

In honour of Waltari, the Finnish Writers' Union annually awards the Waltari Prize to distinguished young writers [57].


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

There is a monument to Mika Waltari near Waltari's home in Etu-Töölö, Helsinki.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Veikko Hirvimäki's sculpture The idea of the king takes its idea from the phrase Turms immortal “There are the longest journeys in man himself” [58] Once upon a time there was a heated debate about what it should be like.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

A lot of people would have preferred a statue of sight.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Waltari himself stated that when he left time, a public urge could be built in the centre of Helsinki in his memory [59].


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

The memory of the writer is cherished by the Mika Waltari Society, founded in 2000, which, among other things, publishes a yearbook called Illusioni.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[60] The multifunction space on the fourth floor of the Töölö Library in Helsinki was opened on 19 September 2007, named Mika Waltari Hall.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[61] Nominal celestial bodies dedicated to Waltar include asteroid No 4266 (Mika Waltari) and asteroid No 4512 (Sinuhe).


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[62] 2008 was the centenary year of Waltari's birth, and Waltar was commemorated on many occasions, newspaper articles, and radio and television programmes.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

The Mint issued a silver commemorative coin of €10 in denomination in honour of Waltar.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Sinuhe Egyptian was voted the loveliest book by Finns at the time.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[63] In autumn, WSOY published an 850-page biography of Waltari written by Panu Rajala, Unio mystica: The Life and Works of Mika Waltari, and the English-language work Mika Waltari the Finn, written by Marketa Hejkalová, which is a translation from the Czech language.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[64] Donald Duck magazine published an 11-page comic-book dedicated to Waltari by comic artist Kari Korhonen, featuring Waltari himself as well as “obsolete” Kieku and Kaiku.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

[65] Selection of works Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = God in Escape | publisher = Seaman Church| year = 1925| isbn = 978-951-98549-4-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Great illusion| publisher = WSOY| year = 1928| isbn = 78-951-0-03814-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Lonely man's train| publisher = WSOY| year = 1929| isbn = 978-951-0-34016-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Orange seed| publisher = WSOY| year = 1931| isbn = 978-951-0-34013-34013-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Where men are made | publisher = WSOY| year = 1931| isbn = 951-0-21470-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Father to son| publisher = WSOY| year = 1942| version = Joint Institute of Helsinki Trilogy 1933—35| isbn = 978-951-400-30-34014-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Are you going to be a writer? | publisher = WSOY| year = 1935| isbn = 951-0-19264-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = City of Sorrow and Joy| publisher = WSOY| year = 1936| isbn = 978-951-0-34015-81}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Miraculous publisher = WSOY| year = 1938| isbn = 951-0-18835-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Who murdered Mrs. Skrof? | publisher = otava| year = 1939| isbn = 978-951-1-23273-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Inspector Palm Error| publisher = WSOY| year = 1940| isbn = 951-0-32099-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Woman came dark from and other short stories | publisher = WSOY| year = 1943| isbn = 951-0-15019-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Fine van Brooklyn| publisher = WSOY| year = 1942| isbn = 978-951-0-34017-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Kaarina Maundaughter | WSOY| publisher = SOY| year = 1942| isbn = 951-0-18930-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Love of stalker| publisher = WSOY| year = 1943| isbn = 951-0-19679-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Dance over graves| publisher = WSOY| year = 1944| isbn = 978-951-0-35682-1}} error, replace with {{cite book| title = Sinuhe Egyptian| publisher = WSOY| year = 1945| isbn = 951-0-20749-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Four Days| publisher = WSOY| year = 1949| isbn = 951-0-28426-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| Source title = Istanbulin| publisher = WSOY| year = 1948| isbn = 978-951-0-34018-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Michael Hairfoot| publisher = WSOY| year = 2004| version=1948| isbn = 951-0-20748-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Mikael Hakim| publisher her = WSOY| year = 1949| isbn = 951-0-20747-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Young Johannes| publisher = WSOY| year = 1981| isbn = 951-0-20746-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Johannes Angelos| publisher = WSOY| year = 1952| isbn = 951-0-20745-4}} Citation with error, replace {{cite book| title = Turms , undeath| publisher = WSOY| year = 1955| isbn = 951-0-22633-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Frisky Waltari| publisher = WSOY| year = 1957| isbn = 978-951-0-34055-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| Feliks happy| publisher = WSOY| year = 1958| isbn = 978-951-0-35683-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Kingdom secret| publisher = WSOY| year = 1959| isbn = 951-0-20751-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Stars tell, Inspector Palm! | publisher = WSOY| year = 1962| isbn = 951-0-32100-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Enemies of Humanity| publisher = WSOY| year = 1964| isbn = 951-0-20744-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Miniature Novels| WSOY| publisher = WSOY| publisher = SOY| year = 1966| isbn = 951-0- 03805-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Locked box and other narratives| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| isbn = 951-0-28427-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Mika's poems and notes 1925—1978| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| publisher = WSOY| year = 1978| publisher = 9| isbn = 951-0-28425-4 }} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title= 10 Waltaria| publisher = WSOY| year = 1985| isbn = 951-0-12890-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Christmas stories| publisher = WSOY| year = 1985| isbn = 951-0-20722-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Travelogues — Mika Waltari's journey 1927-1968| publisher = WSOY| year = 1988| isbn = 951-0-28005-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Five aces and other narratives| publisher = WSOY| year = 1999| isbn = 951-0-23843-0}} Citation, error replace with {{cite book| title = Mika Waltari plays| publisher = WSOY| year = 1999| isbn = 951-0-23508-3}} Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Envall, Markku| title = The Great Illusionist: Mika Waltari Novels| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1994| | id = ISBN 951-0-19650-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Haavikko, Ritva| title = Mika Waltari, conquer| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-0-32484-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Haavikko, Ritva (ed.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

) | title = Mika Waltari: Giant of Imagination| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1982| id = ISBN 951-0-11565-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hejkalová, Markéta| title = Mika Waltari: The Finn| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-0-34335-7| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Järvelä, Juha| title = Waltari and the gender| location = Helsinki| publisher = Key| year = 2013| id = ISBN 978-951-692-972-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lindstedt, Risto & Vahtokari, Reijokari | title = Mika Waltari: Stranger in the world| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951-0-32457-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Nummelin, Yuri | title = Forgotten Waltari| location = Helsinki| publisher = BTJ| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-| 951-692-712-4}} Citation error , replace with {{cite book| author = Rajala, Panu| title = Witch returns to the scene: Mika Waltari in the limelight| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-0-23014-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rajala, Panu| title = Unio mystica: Mika Life and works| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-0-31137-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Waltari, Mika| title = Recollection| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1980 (4th edition) 1998) | version = Edited by Ritva Haavikko| id = ISBN 951-0-10083-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Waltari, Mika| title = Mika Waltari's musings | location = Porvoo| publisher = WSOY| year = 1982| version = Edited by Kalevi Haiko| id = ISBN 951-0-11433-2}} On topic elsewhere .


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Yle Living Archive.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

. Helena Pilke: Book review: Järvelä, Juha: Waltari and gender worlds.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

Huddersfield 2013.


Question: How many plays has Mika Waltarin written?

Mika Waltari

(Agricola review publication 22.4.2013) Jukka Kemppinen 2007 Lasse Lehtinen: SK 20/2016 * Category:Finnish writers Category:Born in 1908 Category:Persons who died in 1979 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to Saint Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line, often briefly referred to as the Saint Petersburg line, is a line running from Riihimäki via Lahti, Kouvola and Vyborg to Saint Petersburg.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to Saint Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Its length was originally 371km [1] and today 385km.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to Saint Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

In the 1850s, the Riihimäki—Lahti line, planned but not implemented, could be built until Saint Petersburg in 1867 and completed in its entirety in 1870.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The line was the second broad-gauge line built in Finland in order after the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Built as emergency relief work during the Great Hunger Years, the track was given the additional name “The Hunger Track”.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The track was built for military-strategic reasons at the time to a distance of one hundred kilometres from the southern coast of Finland, so that the English fleet would not have been able to cut it off.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[2] History The first planning phase during the planning phase of Finland's first railway, the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line, in the 1850s, was already thinking about connecting the Päijänne water route to southern Finland.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The plans were prompted by a request by the Russian Emperor and Grand Duke of Finland Alexander II to clarify the provision of transport links between the hinterland and ports, and to the Empire's capital, Saint Petersburg [3].


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

After the plan of the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line was completed and the Emperor's approval decision, it was necessary to extend the line plans to the rest of Finland and Saint Petersburg.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The two most meaningful options for line alignment were the lines from Hämeenlinna to Anianpelto, and the lines from Riihimäki to Lahti.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The alignment to the bay was intended to take advantage of water transport through Vesijärvi, but even with the Anjalpello canal project (now.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Väksy Canal) had been discussed as early as the 1850s, a more specific plan, and no decision had yet been made to implement it.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Anianpello alternative, put forward by Knut Stjernvall in December 1857, would have been directly connected with the water transport in Päijänne, but it in turn traversed more difficult terrain and further connections from there to Saint Petersburg were poorly feasible.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The line alignment quickly became a major class political issue, which was resolved by a committee set by the Senate in favour of the Riihimäki—Lahti line in 1861.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

In the second planning phase, plans for the extension of the railway terminating in Hämeenlinna were solved in the Reichstag of 1863—1864, where the Riihimäki—Lahti line was still a competitor to Tampere.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Both lines ended up being built in the Riksdag, although their implementation tapered off due to the state economy weakened by the several successive years of shortages that hit the 1860s.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Board of Directors took yet another decision to implement only the track from Riihimäki to Lahti, which, too, remained short of funds to wait for the economy to improve.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Final Decision In the Reichstag of 1867, a new decision was made to build a track from Riihimäki to Saint Petersburg; it was promised to fund it by the Russian state.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The rail link to and from Russia through abroad was seen as important.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Finnish economy was still so bad that no line lines or other alignments became a dispute at that point.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

In addition, the rail line from Hämeenlinna to Tampere was once again put on hold for economic improvement.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The construction of the track was calculated to be considerably more economical if implemented as narrow-gauge.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Johan Vilhelm Snellman, a member of the Senate and at the head of the Finance Editorial Board, stubbornly supported the narrow-gauge option, while in turn Governor-General Nikolai Adlerberg, with several others, advocated the broad gauge railway used by the Russian Railways.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[4] Disagreements led to Snellman's resignation from his post as senator and the 1524mm broad gauge line which was currently in use in Russia, which funded the building, was eventually chosen as the gauge line.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The line alignment from the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line eastwards to Saint Petersburg also affected the locations of the stations on the current main line, which had to be decided on the basis of assumptions before the final decision on the line alignment.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[3] Construction phase and commissioning Construction began in 1867 at the same time from both ends of the line [n 1].


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The design work and drawings of the track were prepared by Finnish engineers.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[5] Track construction work was practically carried out using local labour, but e.g.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

On the Russian side, the local quality of work was very poor.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

This led to the Finnish Railroad Administration finding it wiser to build the railway without the help of the Russians, with the exception of Saint Petersburg Finland Station and Vyborg railway station.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

First, the Riihimäki—Lahti section of the line was completed, which opened to traffic on 1 November 1869.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The first train from Saint Petersburg to Pargolovo was sent for the journey on 22 June 1869 [5] and the Saint Petersburg-Vyborg section was opened in its entirety to traffic on 1 February 1870.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The track was built quickly and inexpensively and was fully completed until St Petersburg on 11 September 1870.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The cost of construction per kilometre was half the cost of the Helsinki-Hämeenlinna line.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Immediately upon completion, the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line was a major traffic artery linking Finland and Russia's then capital, Saint Petersburg.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Its early length was 371 kilometers.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Impacts of track effects Riihimäki Riihimäki was an original station built along the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line opened in 1862 and was located in a sparsely populated corner of Hausjärvi.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

With the opening of the first section of the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line to the east, Riihimäki—Lahti in 1869, Riihimäki became the first junction station of the State Railways.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The settlement began to grow, and in Riihimäki was established e.g.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

cavalry corps and glass factory.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Growth was followed by resignation from Hausjärvi to become an independent merchant in 1922, as well as independence as a city in 1960, after which Riihimäki has maintained its place as a bustling railway town until the present days.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Kerava—Lahti Oikorata, completed in 2006, slightly silenced the long-distance train service through Riihimäki, as trains from Helsinki to Saint Petersburg no longer diverge in the locality as a rule.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Effects on Lahti Village (now.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

From an economic point of view, the city of Lahti) benefited significantly from the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line, the railway station, and the traffic brought by the port track built at Vesijärvi harbour in the same connection.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The growing and developing Lahti also proved useful to the Vääksy Canal, completed in 1871, which opened water transport from Central Finland via Päijänne and Vesijärvi to the south.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The traffic increased by the connections of Central Finland, Helsinki and Saint Petersburg contributed to the growth of Lahti, first into a merchant business in 1878 and later in 1905 into an independent city.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The bay is also still a bustling railway town, strengthened in part by the Kerava—Lahti Oikorata completed in 2006.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The construction of the line has also indirectly had a negative impact on the Lahti, which has been formed as a junction and through point.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Liquor makers and traders are also striving for the growth trend in industry and commerce.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Around the time of the rapid industrialisation of the bay in the early 1870s, crime, promiscuity and speakeasy had created social problems which neither the municipality nor the state could handle.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The village was said to be so dangerous that one would actually have to pass with a revolver in your pocket, to be safe [6].


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The Hunger Track A partial reason for the start of construction work on the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line was to alleviate the shortages and famine that had been going on in the country for several years.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Knowledge of the track-building decision contributed to the arrival of a huge number of unemployed people in trackside localities; many of them had family with them.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Pestimonies brought by the population from all over the country in cramped dwellings began to spread, particularly typhoid fever very quickly.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Temporary hospitals set up in the localities were not able to alleviate the situation either.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

With the start of construction of the track, the situation only worsened when the workers bought food with their first wage money and after eating too much, several of them fell ill or even perished.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The plight also affected the localities” own residents.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

For example, of the approximately 7000 inhabitants of Hollola, more than 1,000 died in 1868 alone, contributing to the prohibition of burials of outdoor localities in the Hollola Parish Cemetery.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

As a result of the years of hunger and pestilence, about 400 orphans remained in the four children's homes set up in the municipality of Hollola.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Built as an emergency relief work during the Great Hunger Years, the track received the additional designations “Hunger Track” and “Luurata”.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

It is estimated that at its worst in one year, about 20% of the Labour population perished.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

In addition to problems caused by shortages, hunger and disease, the outdoor workers who arrived at the trackside sometimes brought disarray, fights, drunkenness and other uncivilisation.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Stock and Transport The railway's first locomotives were steam locomotives acquired from England.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[5] The carriages had been built to pass through from one carriage to another during the journey.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Sleeping carriages made in Helsinki were attached to the night trains.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Travel tickets for night trains were slightly more expensive than day tickets because sleeping carriages with bedding were very popular for the sake of their comfort.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Ticket prices were not cheap, but suitable for the length of the trip.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Special wagons were produced for the Imperial family's own use, which were stored at the Finnish station in Saint Petersburg.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[5] Three of the Imperial chariots are museumed at the Finnish Railway Museum in Hyvinkää.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Railway Stations Finland Station Rada initially had only one first class railway station, the Finnish station in Saint Petersburg, completed in 1870, which was the main station of the railway.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The station was designed by an experienced railway station designer and architect of the Railway Administration, engineer Pyotr S.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Kupinski.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

[5] This single-storey station building had two storeys high pavilions and its interiors were decorated with Wolmar Westling and P.E.S.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

According to Dagenaer's handwriting [7].


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The station complex also included a separate side facade and a dedicated pavilion reserved for the imperial family, which could be accessed along the newly completed Finskij pereulok street.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Other stations The railway additionally had three second class railway stations and 16 third-class railway stations, as well as 12 fourth-class railway stations.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

The modest railway stations between Vamelimek and Saint Petersburg had been designed by Wolmar Westling, who graduated as architect at Helsinki Polytechnic University in 1868.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Finland's wooden 3rd and 4th class railway stations were made according to the plans of the famous construction sketcher Knut Nylander [8].


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Station changes The overall number of stations increased from 31 to 43 by 1910.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Some names were Finnishised after Finland became independent and in turn in 1948 some station names were Russified in connection with the Sovietisation of the ceded names.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Names were not only Russified, but also given content related to the history of the Soviet Union.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

For example, Perkjärvi became Kirillovskoye (selo) hero V.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

In honor of P. Kirillov.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

See also Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line sections Riihimäki—Lahti line Lahti—Kouvola line Karelian line (part of Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line) Vainikkala line Vainikkala—Vyborg line Vyborri—Saint Petersburg line Larger stations along the track Riihimäki Lahti Kouvola Vyborg Saint Petersburg (Finland station) Change Anianpelto Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line (part of the line affected by the implementation of the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line) Hämeenlinna—Anianpelto line Loviisan—Vesijärvi railway Rajajoki Vainikkala border station Remarks Sources Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - complete list of opening years of VR railway lines.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) The City of Lahti Historical Archives webpage Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) References on the topic elsewhere Border bridge Finland and On the Soviet border (), (), () - Finlyandsky Railway Station - “Timetable for railway trains from May 13 (1) p 1878 until further notice”.


Question: What is the distance from Helsinki to St. Petersburg by train?

Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg

showing the Vesijärvi railway station and a plot leased by Carl J. Unonius and Hjalmar Cassel in 1869 from August Fellman for the establishment of a steam sawmill,, Lauri Muranen - History and photos of the Rajajoki region of the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line (in Russian) () Saint Petersburg line and Terijoki railway stations Category:Finnish network Category:Russian network


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Niels Henrik Abel (5 August 1802 in Finnøy, Norway — 6 April 1829) was a Norwegian mathematician.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[1] He proved that neither fifth nor higher order equations can be solved in generalities algebraically (by root-taking).


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He invented and proved the so-called Abel aggregation claim.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The theory of elliptic functions is almost entirely constructed by him.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[2] Abel's father was Søren Georg Abel, a priest, and the mother was Anne Marie Simonsen, the daughter of a merchant mariner.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The father received a priesthood from the village of Gjerstad as a successor to his own father.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Niels Henrik's childhood years hit the middle of a serious threat of war around the time of the Napoleonic Wars.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Norway, which was part of Denmark, was threatened from the sea by the British fleet and from land by the Swedish army.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The lack of sea links caused a severe famine in the country.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Reverend Abel tackled hunger in his congregation by advising people to eat horse meat previously considered taboo.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1814, the Great Powers clarified the situation in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At the same time, the National Assembly of Eidsvoll was held in Norway, where the country received its own constitution and parliament.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, after various political operations, King Charles XIV of Sweden (as King Charles II of Norway) came to the seat of the king, and Norway was united by personal union with Sweden.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

These matters of state also had an impact on the life stages of the mathematician Abel: without state independence, Norway was as if some remote hinterland, and the scientist from there wanted to be sidetracked in academia, no matter how capable he may be.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Away from home and into mathematics, Abel's father taught his son until he was 13, but in 1815 he checked himself into the cathedral school in Christiania (now.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Oslo).


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The departure from home was caused by the separation of the parents' marriage due to alcohol and other problems.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The cathedral school was in a bad situation at the time when the newly established Christiania University had taken the best teachers from it.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The math teacher in particular was a sadist who beat students to bruises.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel was prone to depression, and his grades steadily deteriorated.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1817, however, the mathematics teacher was dismissed on charges of assault, and only seven years older than Abel was hired Bernt Michael Holmboe.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel's mathematical abilities did not come to light until Holmboe's inspiring and competent teaching.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A teacher might, in 1819, proclaim of his pupil: “Amazing mathematical genius!


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

“, when, in addition to basic education, he had time to get acquainted with the work of great mathematicians such as Euler, Laplace, Gauss and Lagrange.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[3] In his final year of school, Abel tackled with a young man's open-mindedness a major problem that the world's most famous mathematicians had been grappling with hundreds of years.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He even claimed to have solved the fifth degree equation.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

No one was found in Norway who could have evaluated Abel's calculations, and the work was sent to Denmark to Ferdinand Degen, the leading mathematician in the Nordic region.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

As a practical man, this came up with giving some concrete examples for Abel to solve.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In trying to solve them, Abel found, to his chagrin, his solution flawed.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

On this occasion, however, Degen had become convinced of Abel's great talent.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Breakdown of his childhood family At the same time as Abel's mathematical abilities came to light, his father, who was elected to Parliament in 1817, was subjected to account for one of his utterances and the subject of public anger.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The disgraced pastor returned to Gjerstad, where he lost his health through drunkenness.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He died in 1820 and mother Anne Marie received a small widow's pension to support herself and her children.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Three university professors began to support Abel's study.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He succeeded in 1821 to enroll as a student at the University of Christiania.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1824 he received a scholarship for his study.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

By then, Abel had published one article in a periodical founded by Christopher Hansteen, a professor at that time.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Study trip to Denmark Professors Hansteen and Rasmussen aim to seek support for a talented youngster.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

When an appeal to the College of the Academy failed to pay off either, Rasmussen donated Abel as a travel grant from his own funds one hundred bucks, which he used to travel to Copenhagen in the summer of 1823.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

There he met Degen and other Danish mathematicians.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At his uncle's invitations in Copenhagen, Abel also confronted his future fiancee, Christine Kemp.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The fifth degree equation solution The fifth-order equation troubled Abel's mind even after his return from Copenhagen, although Degen even earlier had proposed more fruitful areas of research to him than equations, for example elliptic integrals.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel turned to the idea that there might not be a formulaic solution for all fifth-order equations.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel was not familiar with Paolo Ruffini's previous work, which nevertheless had a fatal flaw.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The error had not been successfully corrected, so the problem was still open.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel set out from the counter-assumption, that is, that for all fifth-order equations, there really would be a formula containing only four basic calculations and root-taking.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

From that he eventually came into conflict with this counter-assumption.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Thus, the problem that has plagued mathematicians for hundreds of years had obtained a solution (see Abelin-Ruffin theorem).


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It should therefore be noted that Abel did not prove that the fifth-order equation can never be solved by basic calculations at all, but that there are fifth-order equations for which these basic calculations do not suffice.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This study was published in 1824 for austerity reasons in such concise form (only six pages) that it was difficult to find out about it.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Thus, one of the masterpieces of the history of mathematics received little attention.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Publishing in Berlin In 1824, Abel was granted a modest travel grant abroad, but no money was set aside at all for living when he would return back to Norway.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This deficiency later turned out to be downright something of a trap.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

After a brief visit to Copenhagen, Abel continued on to Berlin, although initially he had to go directly to Paris.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In Berlin he met August Leopold Crelle, an influential engineer enthusiastic about mathematics.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle was the founder of a periodical focused on mathematics called Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (in many contexts briefly just “Crelle's Periodical Book”).


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Its first issue contained no fewer than six articles written by Abel.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It now appeared a more detailed and detailed version of an earlier article showing that there is no general solution formula for fifth-order equations.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel's finances were quite weak throughout, especially as he still had to assist his siblings out of his short wealth.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He also experienced serious disappointment when Holmboe was appointed to the vacant professorship at Christiania University, although he would have been clearly more qualified.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, Abel maintained his friendship with Holmboe.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In this situation, Abel also had to tell his fiancee Christine, nicknamed Crelly, that their marriage plans needed to be changed.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Despite the difficulties, Berlin's time was lucrative for Abel.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He authored significant articles dealing with integral calculus, properties of sums of some endless sets, and functions which were later named after him as Abel functions.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

An important spirit hole for the young mathematician was theatre, which had been his passion already in Norway.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The festivities of mathematics scholars in Berlin may also have been quite loud at times, occasionally disturbing the philosopher Hegel, who lived in the same house.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The harshness of French mathematical culture In the summer of 1826, Abel finally travelled to Paris, which had been the main goal of his journey in the first place.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

During his first months in Paris, he worked feverishly on Abel's theorem (name given later).


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It dealt with a broad class of functions named transcendental.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A long, remarkable article emerged on the subject.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

With greatest expectations, Abel left it for publication to the French Academy of Sciences.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He believed that great French mathematicians certainly understand the value of the article.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Even in Paris, the theatre was a great source of entertainment and joy for the young mathematician.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

But time passed, and there was no word from the article.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Cauchy and Legendre, who were assigned as evaluators of the study, were, despite their reputation, unfit for the job.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Legendre couldn't dwell on the article, and Cauchy had lost it somewhere at the bottom of a stack of papers.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

To Berlin to study elliptical functions in Paris Abel both health and especially economy began to threateningly deteriorate, and in December 1826 he travelled back to Berlin.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In Berlin, he got worse sick.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle helped Abel financially and Holmboe from Norway also borrowed money.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Despite the illness, Abel wrote an extensive and important treatise there on elliptical functions.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle recommended to Abel to stay in Berlin.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He believed he would be able to arrange for him a post there.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In the spring of 1827, Abel, forced by homesickness, returned to Christiania, however, without knowledge of subsistence domestically.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Livelihood worries in Norway with a small loan stipend and giving private lessons, Abel somehow made it ahead.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

With his fiancee Crelly went to governess the Smith family, who had an iron pot in Froland in southern Norway.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Two articles on elliptic functions appeared in the autumn of 1827.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

One was the first volume of an article written by Abel in Berlin, and the second was an article by German Jacob Jacob, with some results closely related to Abel's article.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

As the subject seemed to be the subject of other studies, Abel hastened the publication of the second part of his article and made changes to it showing how Jacob's results are obtained from his results.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Only now began Abel's greatness as a mathematician to note in Europe.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Knowledge of this dire financial situation also worried many.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It churned e.g.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

a petition by four mathematician members of the French Academy of Sciences to the then King of Sweden and Norway in the matter.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, King Charles XIV did not intervene.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

On the side of 1828, Abel received the deputation of Professor Hansteen and at last a regular income.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At the same time, however, the finance minister insisted his previous stipend be clawed back from pay now that he, for once, had an income.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, the university did not, but still, due to the financial strains of previous years, Abel was still living in abject poverty.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Death In the summer of 1828, Abel lingered and enjoyed residence in Froland with his fiancée Crelly and Smith's family.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Towards the end of the year, Abel's health began to deteriorate forever.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He died in the spring of 16 April 1829 of tuberculosis in Froland by his side, his fiancée Crelly and daughter of the Smiths.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

By early April 1829, Crelle had acquired a post for Abel in Berlin, but the letter did not arrive until two days after Abel's death.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A talented mathematician, of whom Legendre said “quelle tête celle du jeune Norvégien!”


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

(“whatever kind of head a young Norwegian may have”), an early death cut off a brilliant and promising career.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

His works, which form much of the Crelle periodical of some years, were later edited in full by Holmboe and published by the Norwegian government in 1839.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A more complete edition was published in 1881 by Ludwig Sylow and Sophus Lie.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Honours in honour of the Poor Mathematician was established in 2002 as the Abel Prize, the most monetary prize in the discipline.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

There is a statue of Niels Henrik Abel in Oslo.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This is thought to be the only portrait to show a naked mathematician.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Four stamps were printed in honour of Abel in Norway on 6 April 1929, after exactly one hundred years had passed since the mathematician's death.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 2002, four commemorative stamps were issued before the 200th anniversary of Abel's birth.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Norwegian Air Shuttle has painted an image of Abel on the tail of one of its Boeing 737-800 planes.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[4] Abel's image has also been on a Boeing 737-300 aircraft (LN-KKV) that has left the Norwegian fleet.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[5] See also Abel group Abel's theorem Abelian Varisto Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mario Livio| title = Equation that could not be solved | others = Translated by Kimmo Pietian | publisher = Terra Cognita| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-952-5697-10-0}} References Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

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Question: When was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Category:Norwegian mathematicians Category:Those born in 1802 Category:Those who died in 1829 Category:Key articles in screening


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Area 51 () is a United States federally owned area in the southern part of the state of Nevada, north of Las Vegas.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

On its fringes are armed forces structures, for example, a secret air force base.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Top secret aircraft such as U-2 reconnaissance aircraft [1] and F-117A stealth bombers were developed and tested there.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Located at Nellis Air Force Range Air Base, Area 51 is approximately 36 km² in size.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

[2] Area 51 is adjacent to the salt lake at Groom Lake.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

It is not a conventional air base with its active duty units but a test and training base.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The first aircraft was brought to Area 51 on 14 July 1955.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The aircraft was a prototype of a U-2 reconnaissance aircraft.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Three weeks later, the plane was ready for its first flight.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Two weeks after the first test flight, on August 19, 1955, U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed “Executive Order 10633” closing Area 51's airspace to outsiders.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

U.S. authorities, with a couple of rare exceptions (1994), have neither denied nor admitted the existence of the site.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The cost of the region is also not mentioned in the Armed Forces budget.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Officially, the area is a test range at Groom Lake (Nellis Air Base Test Range), part of Nellis Air Base, but it is thought that its operations are under the administration of Edwards Air Base.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In addition, Nellis pilots are not permitted under any circumstances to fly into that area “R-4808 N”, known in the Air Force as “Dreamland” ().


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The CIA finally acknowledged in August 2013 that Area 51 exists.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

At the request of George Washington University, it released a 400-page report detailing aircraft tested in the region, such as the U-2 reconnaissance aircraft used during the Cold War.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

[1] At the same time, UFO sightings at the site were scuppered, as U-2 flew higher than the other planes of the time, even at an altitude of about 18 km, and the plane reflected sunlight even when dark had descended and thus stood out clear in the night sky.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

[3] Area 51 in fiction with Google Earth, the general public has been able to explore fresh satellite images as well as three-dimensional images of the area.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

There are many UFO and conspiracy theories associated with Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The area appears in several fictional media products dealing with UFOs, [4] of which the most famous in Finland are: The Movie Independence Day — War of the Worlds.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In this film, Area 51 is used to store an attacker patrol vessel that has made a forced landing underground, and part of the final battle takes place on top of Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Movie Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

There is Hangar 51 at the beginning of the film, which is a reference to Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The Ark of the Covenant and a crystal-skeletoned creature are preserved in this hangar in the desert.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The television series C.S.I.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In the first episode of the fifth production season, a body resembling an alien is found in Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Television series Young MacGyver.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In one episode, MacGyver and Riley leave Area 51 to escape armed criminals.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Television series Knight Ace.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In one episode, Michael Knight infiltrates Area 51 to recover KITT taken by NSA officers, the television series Secret Files.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Two Dreamland episodes in the sixth production season try and sabotage 'UFOs' based on stealth technology, which in reality are developed by US military authorities.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Television series Stargate.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In this series, Area 51 is a research and storage area for technology imported from other planets.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video game Perfect Dark.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In the game, Agent Joanna Dark infiltrates Area 51 to find the body of an alien.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video game Call of Duty: Black Ops.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In the game's two maps are played in Region 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video game Tomb Raider III.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In the game, Lara Croft infiltrates Area 51 to find an artifact known as Element 115.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video game World of Warcraft.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

There is a place called Area 52 in Netherstorm, which is a reference to Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

In the game, you can find an area called Area 69, which is a reference to Area 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Video Game Deus Ex.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

At the end of the game, the protagonist infiltrates Area 51's stoves.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

A video game in the SimCity 4 Rush Hour add-on can be awarded as a reward to Region 5.1, which is a reference to Region 51.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

The video game Area 51 is set in the future.


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Smith, Daniel| title = Access denied!


Question: When was AREA-51 founded?

Area 51

: 100 most secret destinations in the world| publisher = January| year = 2013| isbn = 978-951-31-7343-2| pages = 30-32}} References Category:United States Air Force Bases Category:Geography of Nevada Category:UFOs Category:Conspiracy theories Category:Urban stories Category:Screening key articles


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The history of the Finnish network can be considered to extend at least to March 20.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

1849, when Colonel Alfred Stjernvall, the head of the Department of Road and Civil Engineering, proposed the construction of a horse-drawn railway from Helsinki to Turkhau.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The track would have crossed Salpausselät and connected the country's capital with navigable Järvi-Finland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Governor-General ordered the matter to be investigated, and in 1851 a plan was completed to build a locomotive railway from Helsinki to Hämeenlinna.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[1] In 1862, the first section of the Finnish network was opened in 1862, which is now part of the Finnish main line.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] At the end of the 19th century, trains in Finland were designed to travel only 25 kilometres per hour, so the journey was slow but still faster than horse rides.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The main part of the line was built between 1850 and 1900.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Finland was poor and the wages paid to the workers small.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

An efficient mode of transport was needed to transport both finished products and raw materials.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

After all, the United States and England had seen their watershed impact on the economy.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Finland was going through rapid industrialisation.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The tracks were built around that time by the Grand Duchy of Finland, and the building funds for the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line were raised, among other things, through a liquor burning tax, when the Crown received little money elsewhere.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Accumulation of this tax was slowed, among other things, by the great years of disappearance at the end of the 1850s.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

There have been quite a few new sections of track in the latter part of the 20th century.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Some of the biggest projects have been the Äänekoski—Haapajärvi line in 1960 [3] and the Martinlaakso commuter rail line in 1975 [3].


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Since 1970, mainly short tracks have been built.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

These include the track from Tampere via Parkano to Seinäjoki, completed in 1971 [2] [3], and the Kerava—Lahti Oikorata, completed in 1978 [2] [3], and the Kerava—Lahti Oikorata completed in 2006 [3] [4].


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Shorttracks were made to short the bends that slowed the running of trains and to increase capacity.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Railroads were in some degree of depression from the 1960s onwards because it was believed automobiles would be the mode of transportation of the future.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The perception has had to be revised in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, as traffic congestion and growing environmental awareness advocate a new rise in railways.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Development The construction of railways began relatively late in Finland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The first section of the line was opened on 17 March 1862 between Helsinki and Hämeenlinna [5]; this later became the main line in Finland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In 1870 [2] [3] a connection to Saint Petersburg was completed, which at that time was an important link with the capital of the Tsarist Empire.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Since Finland was part of the Russian Empire, Russian gauge (1,524mm/5', now 1520mm in Russia) began to be used here.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The extension of the Helsingin-Hämeenlinna line through Toijala to Tampere and the branch line from Toijala to Turku were opened to traffic on 22 June 1876.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[5] [6] Thus the three largest cities in the country were combined.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In 1883 there followed a connection from Tampere via Haapamäki to Seinäjoki and Vaasa [2] [3] and in 1886 Oulu was also connected to Seinäjoki. [2] [3].


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In 1909, the railways finally also took to Rovaniemi, the capital of Lapland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[3] [7] Thereafter, construction of new lines was reduced for an extended period of time, and the wars did not improve the situation.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Since the main line that ran to Joensuu, starting from Vyborg in the Peace Treaty of 1944, was built to replace the connection from Parikkala to Onkamo in 1966.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] [3] In the next decade, more track was finally built, for example the Tampere—Lielahti—Parkano—Seinäjoki line, which significantly shortened the travel time between Southern Finland and Northern Finland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

1965 began an extensive electrification project.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The advantage of the late start was that the latest technology could be used, namely 25 kV and 50Hz, which even today is the best technology.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Electrification has the advantage of lower energy consumption and pollution free.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Electrification was started on the section of line from Helsinki to Kirkkonummi.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Timetable electric train services to Kirkkonummi began on 26 January 1969.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[8] Many routes were electrified only in the 1990s, such as Tampere—Jyväskylä in 1994 and Helsinki to Turku in 1995.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Electrification to the Oulu—Rovaniemi section was completed after a few years of construction in December 2004 [9] and the Oulu—Iisalmi/Vartius sections in 2006.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Southern Finland Finland's first railway for public transport, the current main line, from Helsinki to Hämeenlinna was completed in 1862.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] The rail link from Helsinki via Riihimäki and Vyborg to Saint Petersburg was opened in 1870.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] [10] Finland was then an autonomous Grand Duchy under Russian rule.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The track from Riihimäki to Saint Petersburg was built deep inland for military reasons so that enemies could not easily use it for their own needs.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Helsinki Metropolitan Railway has been a major factor in the development of Vantaa.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The railway has the advantage of being a much more efficient route than road in terms of transport capacity for transferring passengers and goods.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The railway has had a very significant impact on Vantaa's population and economic structure.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

With that, people moved to new areas as the track made it possible to work in Helsinki.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The first section of line was opened from Helsinki to Hämeenlinna on 17 March 1862, construction work began in 1857.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[11] The second track was built between Pasila and Tikkurila in 1899, the following year it was extended as far as Kerava.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The third track was made from Helsinki to Tikkurila in 1972 and north of Tikkurila in 1981.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Vantaankoski track, which separates from the beach track in Huopalahdi, was completed in 1975.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[3] When electrified, traffic began running regularly from Helsinki to Kirkkonummi in January 1969 and to Sääharju in September 1970.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[12] Eastern Finland Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line was completed in 1870, [3] and in 1890 the Kouvola—Kotka line was built.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[3] From the 1860s, railway issues arose in Savossak.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Several alternative plans existed for the railway network; one plan already presented in the early 1860s required the construction of the lines Helsinki—Hämeenlinna—Tampere—Vaasa and Viipuri—Lappeenranta, Kuopio—Oulu, as well as transverse connection lines for these, including Hämeenlinna—Mikkeli.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

However, the first to reach Finland was the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line and the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Savo line from Kouvola to Kuopio was complete in 1889, [3] and opened to traffic on 1 October 1889.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[5] The original Karelian line from Vyborg via Sortavala to Joensu and the branch line from Antrea to Imatra were built between 1890 and 1894.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] [3] It was later extended from Joensuu to Lieksa in 1910 [3], to Nurmes in 1911 [3] and from there further through Kontiomäki to Oulu.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The section of the line between Nurmes and Oulu was completed in stages between 1926 and 1930.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[3] The cross track from Elisenvaara along the Karelian line via Savonlinna, Pieksämäki and Jyväskylä to Haapamäe, along the Ostrobothnia line, was built in stages between 1897 and 1918.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The first section between Haapamäki and Jyväskylä was completed in 1897, the last between Jyväskylä and Pieksämäki in 1918.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[2] [3] This rail link from St. Petersburg through the interior of Finland to the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia to Nikolainkaupunki (now.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

For strategic reasons, the Russian government considered it very important because the old Riihimäen-Saint Petersburg line was located so close to the coast of the Gulf of Finland that it might have fallen into enemy control during the war [13].


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

As recently completed, the track really gained considerable strategic significance, but not for the Russians, but for the Whites of the Finnish Civil War, since the Riihimäen—Vyborg line was the Red, this new line instead entirely in the White-dominated area and connected the old north— southbound sections of track.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[13] Since the southern part of the Karelian line remained in the area ceded after World War II, it was built to replace the track from Parikkala to Onkamo in the 1960s.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Prior to that, the line from Varkaus to Joensuu had served shortly before the war, the line from Varkaus to Joensu, completed in 1939 [2].


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Ostrobothnia Tampere—Vaasa railway was built between 1879 and 1883.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The track site was divided into three districts.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Of these, the first extended from Tampere to Pollar, the second from Pollar to Alavude and the third from Alavude to Vaasa.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

At the busiest time, up to 4000 track builders were at work.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The track circled around the eastern side of Lake Näsijärvi and was tens of kilometres longer than the later-built short track through Parkano.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The planning of the lines from Hämeenlinna in Southwest Finland to Turku and Tampere began even before the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line was completed.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The first plans were made by the Corps of Engineers under Colonel Knut Stjernvall as early as 1860.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Governor-General Berg presented the plans to the Senate, which in 1861 installed a committee to study the extension of the railway from Hämeenlinna to Tampere.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[14] In the spring of 1861, a group of Tampereans led by Adolf Törngren, the master of the Linen factory, left the government with calculations on the benefits of the Hämeenlinna-Tampere railway, and the Senate submitted to the Emperor that, after the completion of the Helsinki—Hämeenlinna line, it would be planned to build a line from Hämeenlinna to Hämeenlinna. To Tampere, but the Russian Emperor moved the project to a later date due to the construction of the main east-facing tracks.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[15] [16] [17] [18] Since the Riihimäki—Saint Petersburg line became an emergency relief site during the shortage and, on the other hand, because the then Grand Prince of Russia wanted, the Hämeenlinnan-Tampere line moved to the Hämeenlinnan-Tampere line as well as the railway line that branched from it all the way to the 1870s.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In the first half of the 1870s, the state had agreed to build the line with a subcontractor from Turku.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The contract included a condition that the contract would be cancelled if the subcontractor did not start work by a certain date.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The area pohatas agree with the subcontractor on the direction of the track.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

For example, Axel Wilhelm Wahren, founder of the Forssa Companies, had agreed with a subcontractor to build a line through Forssa.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

To Wahreen's disappointment, the subcontractor did not begin construction by the agreed date when the contract was cancelled, and Wahren failed to get the track to Forssa, despite trying everything still afterwards.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

However, a narrow-gauge railway connection was obtained to Forssa from Humppila in 1898 when the Jokioinen Railway was built.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Having learned from the mistake, the Grand Duchy of Finland decided not to acquire a subcontractor and built the track itself.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The track was built with Russian labour, as it was cheaper at the time.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Russian crew, on the other hand, were also more brawl-prone and lazier.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Russian track builders also left their own handprint in some places, namely trees along the track.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

While constructing the Siberian Track, these workmen had learned to sow trees along the tracks; in Siberia, trees protected the railroad from the wind.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The Hämeenlinnan—Tampere and Toijal—Turku lines were completed on 13 January 1876 [2] [3] [6] [16] [19], although it was not until 22 June 1876.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[5] According to statistics, at first there were occasional people on the track, but as summer passed, the daily need for travel grew drastically.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[19] On the Turku—Toijala line, a diesel-powered VR locomotive regularly ran between Kyrö—Turku in the 1920s.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In 1903, another line to Turku was completed, from Pasila in Helsinki to Karja and the waterfront track through Salo.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

[3] It was largely built as single track.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

After World War II, the track ran across the Porkkala rental area and remained out of use for a few years in this regard.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

An agreement was later reached on the right of way, but there were still difficulties with the issue, which led President J. K. Paasikivi to propose the construction of a new track to circumvent the leased area from its north side.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Already on the same occasion there were plans to electrify the line.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The president considered the idea quite extensively in his diaries, but eventually the idea lapsed when Porkkala was restored much earlier than planned, in 1956.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The initial section of the line from Helsinki to Kirkkonummi was electrified as Finland's first track in 1969.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In other respects, it was not until the 1980s that the track began basic improvement.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

It was not fully electrified until 1995 when the Pendolinos entered service.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Northern Finland Before the wars there were plans to build railways in Northeast Country to Kuusamo and from Rovaniemi to Petsamo.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Other rail plans to be mentioned have also included so-called. Rahja harbour track in Kalajoki, as well as a line straight so called. Kairanmaa track from Vuolijoki to Otanmäti.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The influence of railways on municipal structure The railways played a major role in the creation of the Finnish settlement structure.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Many new cities such as Hyvinkää, Riihimäki, Karjaa, Kouvola, Seinäjoki, Pieksämäki and Ylivieska have emerged around railway junction stations.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

As recently as the 1960s, railways had a station on average every 3.4 km (3.1km for metropolitan commuter rail), and a significant proportion of the population lived in detached houses in station villages forming long strip towns along the tracks.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Things were taken care of by train in bigger towns and neighbouring villages in the absence of cars.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

In this case, today's ideal of single-family housing was realised at the end of good and environmentally friendly transport links.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Even today, Finland's population is concentrated along the railways and the tracks pass through almost every little larger municipality, even if the actual passenger traffic has ceased.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

As station villages have become quiet and passenger depletion caused by motoring, stops have been reduced.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

The role of trains today is to provide high-speed connections between major cities and commuter rail in a densely populated metropolitan area.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Literature Schivelbusch, Wolfgang: History of Train Journey, Vastapaino, 1996, ISBN 951-768-010-4 Lindeqvist, K. O.: History of Finland, WSOY, Porvoo, 1906 Sinisalo, Uuno: Tampere Book: description of the stages of Tampere and the current city, Tampere, 1947 Voionmaa, Väinö: History of Tampere III: History of Tampere in the last decades (1856—1905), Tampere, 1907—1910 Editorial board: Suolahti, Gunnar et al.: Cultural History of Finland.


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network


Question: Where did Finland's first train track run?

History of the Finnish rail network

Time of industrialism and national ascent, Gummerus, Jyväskylä, 1936 See also History of gauge lines - Includes history of Finnish gauge Riihimäki-Saint Petersburg line - Includes early history of the Finnish rail network Sources On the topic elsewhere, Finnish Rail Administration (FRA) Opeko.fi/Tiina S., 2006 Tampere Book Printing Oy, 1920, Tampere Fennada-Filmi Junior — * Category:History of Technology


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

A marsh is a plant colony whose plant remains form bog peat.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Peat is most generated in northern regions because decomposition is slower in cold and humid environments.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[1] Peat has a largely preserved structure of plant remains in a state of decay.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Among them, one can often define which genus of plants or even species they belong to.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Swamps are formed as a result of overgrown waters, flooding and flood-free forest land, as well as land uplift on sea coasts.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

The marshes are rich in biodiversity ecosystems and many popular hiking areas.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Definition of bog in various disciplines In geology, a marsh is defined as a peat deposit formed from the landfall of marsh plants with a thickness of more than 30 centimeters, an area of at least 20 hectares and an ash content of less than 40%.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[2] According to the biological Finnish definition, a marsh is a type of terrain pattern where the organic soil layer covering the mineral soil is peat or where 75% of the undergrowth is marsh vegetation.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

The three-quarters requirement is based on A.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

K. Cajander's forest type doctrine, which has long been the basis of Finnish forest and also marsh classification.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[3] Forestry bogs, in turn, include geological marshes and biological bogs, but also marshes of less than 20 hectares.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[4] The number of marshes in the world is about 400 million hectares, or about 5% of all land area.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[5] Peat swamps account for 3% of the Earth's land surface and exist on all continents except Antarctica.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[1] According to an estimate published in 1996, 95% of the world's marshes are natural.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[6] According to more recent data, about 80% of the world's peatlands are still relatively untouched and are mainly located in North America and Siberia.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[1] Western Siberia is also home to the world's most extensive peatlands, with a common extent of 60 million hectares.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[7] In Canada, bogs account for 12% of the land area of the country.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[7] Tropical regions, for example, Indonesia have 20 million hectares of marshland, 11% of the land area.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[8] Scandinavia is one of the world's most swampy regions.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[9] For example, 5.8% of Norway's area is marshy and wetlands.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[9] In the 1930s there were 2.1 million hectares, or 12% of the land area (13.5% of the total area), and the number has therefore halved due to ditches and drainage.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[9] Protected areas in Norway comprise 68600 ha, or 3.7% of all marshland area, in addition to marshlands in national parks.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[9] In Britain, according to The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, 90% of bogs are damaged or already destroyed.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[10] The marsh increases in thickness by some millimeters per year.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

In Finland, the thickness increase is most often around 0.5 mm per year, although the range is between 0.2 and 4.0mm.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[11] Finland Finland is the sixth most swampy country in the world.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[12] However, estimates of the swamp area vary from source to source.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Finland has about 5.1 million hectares (15%) of geological marsh and about 8.9 million hectares (26%) of forestry marsh, most in northern Finland and in the region of watershed areas.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[4] In Finland, one third of the original extent of the marsh remains.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[6] However, according to most other estimates, the marsh area is between 9.3 and 10.4 million hectares, which is approximately 26% of the total area of Finland excluding marine areas and 29% of the land area.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

[12] [13] [14] [15] [5] Energy volume of Finnish swamps The energy content of the peat resources of the kingdom is approximately 13000 TWh.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

marshy

Energy from peat resources is equivalent to 1100 million tonnes of oil.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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Finland's peat reserves are double the known oil reserves of the North Sea and 2/3 of Norway's known oil reserves.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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Finland's peat resources are almost ten times the energy of our country's wood resources and 35 times the volume of the tree.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[16] According to Metsähallitus, the use of Finnish swamps for peat production is one third of the original marsh area as natural.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[17] For its part, the Peat Industry Union estimates that as a natural state, swamps account for 47.7% of the current marsh area, or 4.3 million hectares.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[18] The largest single bog in Finland is Teuravuoma in the municipality of Kolar, with an area of 7000 ha.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[12] Finland has protected marshlands 1.2 million hectares, or almost 13% (2013).


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[19] A large number of protected areas are located in northern Finland, and there are not many bogs left in southern Finland.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[6] Bog types Classification The Finnish classification of forest types based on habitat factors, also used for the classification of marshes, is based on the system established by Aimo Kaarlo Cajander 1909—1949, in which soil structure, its nutrients, moisture and temperature conditions are considered to play a key role in determining the structure of plant colonies.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[3] Classification differs from European and Nordic classifications.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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Bog types are most often classified on the basis of tubular plants, but more accurate determination occurs on the basis of mosses.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[20] Swamps can also be divided into two main types depending on whether they receive their water from soil or rain.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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Minerotrophic swamps are called those bogs that have contact with groundwater through mineral soils.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[9] As peat formation continues, the connection with groundwater may be lost and the marsh receives water from the rain thereafter.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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Then it's an ombrotrophic swamp.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[9] Ombotrophic marshes are always acidic, but minetrophic marshes can still be grouped into more specific groups according to pH.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[9] In minetrophic swamps, species variation is high: pH neutral swamps, for example, have five times more tubular plants than more acidic ones, and the number of endangered plants is also higher.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[9] Marshes are the most diverse ecosystem in Finland: there are a lot of different types of marshes that are only common to the wetness of the soil.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[6] In Europe, marsh nature is the most diverse in Finland and Russia.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[17] In Finland, marshes are grouped into different types according to vegetation.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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There are more than a hundred different combinations of habitat types.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[17] The Forest Research Institute classifies marshes into three main types: raven, swamp and open marshes (neva and letto).


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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There are numerous additional attributes to these main types.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[21] The ears and swamps are further divided into genuine and mixed types which are combinations of wooded and open bog.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[22] For example, Scotland has a large number of globally rare bogs called blanket bogs (Finnish blanket bog), which have even been proposed for the UNESCO World Heritage List.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[23] [24] These marshes have very watery peat, where sphagnum moss, rare marsh orchids and dwarf shrubs grow; in addition, the bird species is abundant.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[23] A similar marsh type is also found at least in Argentina and New Zealand.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[23] Raven ears are woody swamps where the most common tree species is spruce.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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The peculiarity of the ears is that both salt species and species of the forest type corresponding in nutrients are present in them.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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In the ears, the peat layer is thin and common plants include grey alder, forest geranium, meadowsweet and squirrelberry, among others.


Question: How many marshes are there in Finland?

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[25] The lush ears, or groves, ferns, grass and hay horns, are precious habitats as defined by the Forest Act as natural or natural.