Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

moved from Norway to Petsamo only on 22 June, [13] [14] for preparations German pioneers in civilian attire had already been allowed into the country a day earlier.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Petsamo's German divisions began an attack towards Murmansk on 29 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Events just before the start of the war by order of the Finnish Air Force Staff, automatic morsing equipment was installed in the Lahti Radio Station and Turku and Oulu radio masts on 21 June for radio navigation of German bombers.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[15] According to Dr. Hannu Valtonen, who studied aviation history, German bombers flew at night 21—22.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

June from East Prussia through southern Finnish airspace to the north of Ladoga and thence south to the Leningrad region, where Germany and the Soviet Union engaged in the first air battles of the operation after about three o'clock in the early hours of the morning.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The German bombers then flew to Utt, Finland, where they refueled and from where they continued on to their home fields in East Prussia.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[16] 21—22.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

During the night between, the Germans in cooperation with the Finnish State Police took over the Soviet consulate in Petsamo and the Finns arrested the entire staff of the consulate and their families.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The German Gestapo confiscated the consulate's archives for examination and later forwarded them to Valpo.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[17] The German naval forces were taking advantage of Finnish territory, they had been relying on the Finnish coast and ports since mid-June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[16] The Finnish warfare command had already ordered the U-boat squadron on 17 June to take part in mining the Estonian coast and on the evening of 21 June the U-boat squadron received an execution order for its mission.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the 22nd, Finnish submarines and Finnish and German ships began mining the Gulf of Finland to prevent the free passage of the Soviet Baltic Fleet.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The effort was to ensure that the Soviet fleet would not be able to distract from the Gulf of Finland to the flank of the Germans' land front to the Baltics, and to prevent an attack on Åland, the control of which was vital for Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Mining was extended on the 22nd off Soviet-occupied Estonia (including Tallinn).


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finnish submarines laid mines on the Estonian coast between 7:28 a.m. and 9:06 a.m. on 22 June 1941.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[18] [19] When information arrived in Finland about the start of the German invasion, the Finnish Navy immediately began Operation Kilsailing, i.e. the transfer of troops to the demilitarised Åland Islands.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Soviet aircraft carried out the first air attack of the war against the Finns after attacking warships involved in this operation as well as coastal forts at 6:05am on 22 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In addition, artillery fire began from Hanko to Porsöhu, Storholm and the mainland at 6:50am [20] Adolf Hitler declared in a radio speech on 22 June that Finland would fight together (Im Verein) with Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland announced that it would remain neutral in foreign policy, but Hitler's speech was embarrassing for the country's leadership, it signaled to the world that Finland was allied with Germany in the war against the Soviet Union.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[21] These actions also led the Soviet Union to initiate military action against Finland, as it considered Finland to allow its territory to be used to attack itself.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Despite the coordinated naval warfare initiated with Germany and the army stationed by Germany from the level of Nurmes as far as Petsamoo, Finland declared that it remained neutral in foreign policy.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[22] [23] [24] [25] [26] The course of the war The war begins Soviet attacks against Finland began at 06:05 on 22 June, when the Soviet Union bombed a Finnish naval division at sea.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Subsequently, on the same day, Finland participated in the mining of the southern Gulf of Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the same day Germany launched its invasion of the Soviet Union.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

German planes returning from the bombing flight stopped in Finnish territory for refueling.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviets responded by bombing Finnish military targets in Finland with aircraft and cannons.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland refrained from returning fire and tried to assert neutrality in the new war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

A significant war effort was avoided between Finland and the Soviet Union for a few days.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On June 24, 1941, the Soviet Union evacuated its legation in Helsinki.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[11] On 25 June 1941, the Soviet Air Force bombed Helsinki, Turku and Porvoo, as well as a dozen other localities, with about 500 planes, of which 27 planes were shot down on Finnish territory.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Based on these bombings and past events, in its communique to parliament, the government had reached the conclusion that the country had fallen into a state of war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

This position was adopted by Parliament [27].


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the same day 25.6, Prime Minister Jukka Rangell stated on the radio that Finland was again at war with the Soviet Union.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

War was declared on 26 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finnish army and German troops in Finland began a ground offensive.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finnish army launched a major offensive in Ladoga Karelia in the direction of Korpiselä on 10 July with its focus on the left wing.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The brunt of the attack was the advance of the 1st Ice Brigade commanded by Colonel Ruben Lagus, which reached the shores of Ladoga within days.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[28] By the end of August, the Karelian Army commanded by Lieutenant-General Erik Heinrichs had reached the limits preceding the Winter War.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finnish people who experienced the Winter War were, with rare unanimity, behind the country's leadership and the reclamation of lost Karelia.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The new war was seen as a continuation war of the Winter War, aimed at righting the wrong suffered.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[21] On several occasions the Soviet Union demanded Britain declare war on Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

British Prime Minister Winston Churchill sent Marshal Mannerheim a personal, private and secret letter expressing regret that Britain will soon have to declare war on Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Churchill also urged Finland not to cross the old border.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The letter is preserved at Britain's Imperial War Museum.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[29] Britain severed diplomatic relations on 1 August and threatened with war on 22 September unless the advance was cut off.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Following Finland's accession to the Anti-Comintern Treaty on 25 November, Britain filed an ultimatum demanding a cessation of hostilities by 5 December.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

After remaining without a satisfactory response, London announced on Finnish Independence Day, 6 December, a declaration of war on Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Relations with foreign countries deteriorated as Finnish forces advanced.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, the actual war effort between the two countries was already limited to the earlier bombing of Liinahamar on 30 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Australia, Canada and New Zealand also submitted a declaration of war to Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Already during the civil war in 1918, Mannerheim had issued a declaration in Antrea on the Karelian Isthmus stating that we should not put his sword in a sheath until Finland and East Karelia were free.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In the Continuation War, Mannerheim issued his famous so-called sword-sheath day order, in which he referred to his declaration.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

There were also mentions of a large Finland in the daily order, which even at that time caused negative attention in political circles.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

During the Continuation War, Finland occupied the most extensive territory in its history.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Many people outside the right wanted to annex East Karelia to Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The grounds were not only ideological and political, but also military: the so-called Three Isthmus Line was easier to defend than the previous frontier.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

With Germany backed, there was an opportunity to do so.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the other hand, there were economic motives in the form of exploitation of forest reserves in East Karelia.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, the territories were not legally annexed to Finland; only the territories lost in the Winter War were declared by Parliament as belonging to Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The management of the territories was provided by the Military Administration of East Karelia, which made preparatory measures to annex the conquered territories to Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Internment camps were established in the conquered territory, which in their own time were referred to at first as “concentration camps” and later as “displacement camps”.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[30] They were excluded: [31] (a) “unnational population from those areas where their stay in view of military action could not be permitted”; (b) “politically unreliable persons belonging to the national and non-national population of the military administrative territory”; (c) “in exceptional cases other persons belonging to the population of the Military Administrative Region whose vacancy was deemed undesirable”.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

When defined as the national population, the Finnish population was perceived as a native population.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[32] [33] The population of Väisniemi, Syyrinlaakso and Maanselänänänänänisthus, who traditionally happen to speak Russian, were moved from the front line to camps not only to prevent attacks by Soviet partisans, but also to protect civilians themselves.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In addition to this, refugees of non-Finnish descent were packed in Vänisniemi from all over the Karelian-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic; while waiting in vain for transport across Sänisjärvi, they remained in the hands of the Finnish Defence Forces.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Based on the research literature, it can be estimated that evacuees or refugees from near the fronts may have numbered up to 16600 of the people placed in camps in East Karelia.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

This would mean more than 69% of the camps” highest population, which was 23984 people, on April 1, 1942.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[34] Mortality in the concentration camps of occupied East Karelia was up to 3.75%, significantly higher than among the free population of the same region (2.6%), in Finland (1.31%).


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The main reason for the high mortality rate among East Karelian campers appears to have been poor nutritional status and, to some extent, their age structure: a high relative proportion of women aged 20—30 years and minor children (almost 50%).


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[35] During the Continuation War, about 62000 Inger Finns migrated to Finland from the German-occupied Inger region.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The war of positions Mannerheim and Ryti had a negative view of the conquest of Leningrad and its direct support, as well as the severing of the Muurmann line in order to hold the argument for a separate war and to keep Finland better prospects for peace negotiations even after Germany's eventual defeat context [36].


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The advance of the Finns stalled on Mannerheim's orders in December 1941, when the so-called positional warfare phase began.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

It lasted two and a half years.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On 6 December, the territories lost in the Winter War were annexed back to Finland by the Parliament in restoring the borders of the Peace of Tartu.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

During the Continuation War, production and foreign trade declined, creating problems for the country's food supply.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The most difficult food situation was during the winter between 1942—1943.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In this case, for example, frontmen experienced deficiency diseases, and especially in some younger men general weakness due to lack of food.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The situation was saved by imports of food supplies, mostly from Germany and the countries under its influence.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In addition, the situation of the frontmen was facilitated by German troops in northern Finland, who victualled 50,000 Finnish soldiers in their area of responsibility.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Despite the practical problems brought with them by long transport journeys, monotonous food and limited portions the victualling of the frontmen was satisfactorily successful.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

There were a total of 300 cases of deficiency disease that required hospitalisation among frontmen during the Continuation War, which can be considered quite a small number.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[37] In 1942 fighting continued fragmented at Syvär and Kiesting.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finns' only offensive war during the entire war of positions remained the capture of Suursaari in March.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[38] On June 4, Mannerheim reached the age of 75 and was promoted to Marshal of Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The day was designated by defensive force as a flag feast day.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In Helsinki, a street was announced to be named in his honour.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Adolf Hitler unexpectedly visited Mannerheim's birthday party in Immola and complained that he had not been able to ensure Romanian oil for Germany to do anything for Finland before or during the Winter War.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

A recording of Hitler's “soliloquy” by the Finns also clarified the level of Soviet arms race that had surprised Hitler.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On his return visit to Germany, Mannerheim had apparently received further information about the German “expedition to the East” because, after his return, assessed to Defence Minister Walden the German “expedition to the east” as ending in disaster.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviets sent a military detachment behind the Finns front line around Rukajärvi.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, the Finns defeated the attempt in a short chase.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

After Germany suffered defeat at Stalingrad, efforts began to be made in Finland to distance themselves from Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The parliament began to show dissatisfaction towards Ryti, which was manifested by Secretary of State R.J.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On Witting's criticism of Ryti's signing of an anticomintern contract.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Parliament refused to extend the power law granted to Ryti.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, this did not prevent his re-election to an additional two-year term in February 1943.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, Prime Minister Rangell's government was switched to a less pro-German one led by Edwin Linkommies.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The government held together mainly thanks to Väinö Tanner, the finance minister of the Social Democrats.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Initial peace talks on Peace were held through the year, but no agreement was reached.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

As early as 8 February, the Soviet Union declared its willingness for peace.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The United States insisted on maintaining Finland's independence, and the Soviet ambassador to Washington, A. Litvinov, stated that the Soviet Union did not intend to occupy Finland as a whole.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finns received the same insurance from Aleksandra Kollonta in Stockholm.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland insisted on the 1939 borders as the basis for peace negotiations, but the Soviet Union was informed that Finland's representative is welcome to negotiate in Moscow, but Finland's proposal should not include territories not belonging to it before the war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Peace terms were locked up among the Allies at a Tehran conference in December.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Josif Stalin's terms included the borders of the 1940 peace, Hanko or Petsamo permanently for the Soviet Union and the replacement of half war damage, expulsion of Germans from the country, and demobilization.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In order to more easily persuade Finland to acquiesce to peace, Churchill and Roosevelt proposed that Vyborg be left to Finland, but Stalin insisted Vyborg was strictly for the Soviet Union and refused to even discuss the matter.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[39] When the new Finnish government inquired about peace terms in the spring of 1944, it was still unable to accept them.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Helsinki Grand Bombing Finland rejected peace terms it had judged impossible in April 1944.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union sought to persuade Finland to peace with the Grand Bombing of Helsinki (“Peace Bombing”) during February.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union wanted a quick solution to the war so that it could concentrate its forces on the recapture of Berlin.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Thumble|400px|Mannerheim and Ryti inspect troops in Enso on June 4, 1944.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Grand Offensive of 1944 The Red Army ended the war of positions with a major offensive on the Karelian Isthmus on 9 June 1944 and two weeks later in the direction of Maaselä.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On June 10, four days after the Normandy landings, the United States declared Finland and its leaders to be pro-German and asked Envoy Procopé to leave the country.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

After the major offensive began, the Soviets responded to Finnish peace enquiries, demanding an unconditional surrender.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[40] Soviet artillery concentrations and superiority broke the Finnish defences [40] (at Valkeasaari, 10 June 1944).


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The VT line (Vammelsuu—Taipale) was broken in Kuuterselä on 14 June and Vyborg was recaptured from the Finns almost without battle on 20 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the same day, the Elisenvaara Station was carried out the most devastating aerial bombardment of the war, with over 100 deaths, and injuring over 300 lives.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Preparations had already been made in Moscow before the invasion that Finland would be occupied.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On 22 June, the Finnish government announced that the front was about to implode, Moscow that it was willing to abandon the war and break its relations with Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In response, the Soviets demanded unconditional surrender.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the same day, German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop arrived in the country and announced that Germany would only continue to provide support if Finland entered into an alliance with Germany and continued to wage war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Germans demanded a commitment to the war from Finland because the Narva Front was important to them.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On 26 June, President Risto Ryti made a so-called settlement with the Germans. The Ryti—Ribbentrop agreement, which obliged Finland not to negotiate a separate peace and increased supplies of materials to the Germans.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In the early 2000s, however, the importance of the treaty has been questioned


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

When Ryti signed his letter to Adolf Hitler, most of the German anti-tank guns, plunge bombers, assault cannons and infantry divisions were already in Finland or en route.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Ryti-Ribbentrop Treaty was not a binding state treaty, but merely Ryti's personal assurance that he would not make a separate peace while serving as President of the Republic.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The peace of separation was made after Ryti had resigned his post and the Parliament had elected Marshal Mannerheim as President by exceptional law.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Army captured Petrozavodsk on 28 June 1944.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

From Syvär, the Finns managed to retreat orderly, while on the Isthmus the troops had dispersed in many places.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, the front organisation endured even great losses on the front line if the artillery fire command, anti-tank and the net of machine-fire weapons only remained.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, trespassing from the front line, even troops detaching by unit was a problem for the Finns which greatly affected the outcome of the battle.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[40] From Valkeasaari there is about a hundred kilometers to Vyborg, which the Red Army spent ten days to fold.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Although the rate of withdrawal of the Finns thus averaged about ten kilometers per day, what can be considered a militarily successful performance.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

However, it caused great problems for the Finns, manifesting itself in the rapid loss and desertion of Vyborg, among other things.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[40] In the defensive battle, the Finns were also supported by German troops.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Particular importance to the fighting against the Isthmus has been said to have been the anti-tank armament supplied by Germany earlier, since the pst artillery used by the Finns was not effective against the latest Klim Vorošilov and Josif Stalin tanks of Soviet forces.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

For a short time, a very significant part of the battle for the defence of the isthmus was carried out by the German Air Detachment Kuhlmey, especially against ground combat aircraft, supply contacts and maintenance, but the material air supremacy was that of the Soviets.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

According to the most common estimate, the skillful concentration of field artillery and good cooperation with the tenaciously fought infantry helped the Finns as the only ones in World War II to stop the Soviet strategic major offensive at the Battle of Talin—Ihantala from 25 June to 9 July 1944, In Äyräpe—Vuosalmi and Vyborg Bay.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Some historians felt that German support was crucial to the success of the interceptor battle.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

From Syvär, the Red Army's advance continued as a so-called major offensive in East Karelia, but it was stopped in fierce fighting at U position up to Impilahden—Jänisjärvi.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Also in the north, the Finns retreated.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The more than two-division-strong force that had crossed the old border at Ilomants was repulsed and destroyed in the Battle of Ilomants, which ended on 9 August.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

After mid-July, the situation on the Isthmus stabilised and Aleksandra Kollontai announced via the Swedes on 12 July that the demand for unconditional surrender had been the result of her “misunderstanding”.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union renounced the demand for unconditional surrender and through Sweden informed Mannerheim that the Soviet Union was ready for an armistice, provided it would be signed by Mannerheim and not by a representative of the then government.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Ryti resigned on 1 August and Mannerheim was appointed as his successor.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Mannerheim appointed a new government on 7 August.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland had fourteen infantry divisions, seven brigades and an armoured division in the summer of 1944.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On the Finnish front, the Red Army deployed a total of 54 divisions, eleven infantry brigades and seven troops from the fortress area, i.e. a total of 68 groups, a total of about 605000 men with superior combat equipment.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Total Finnish losses were around 44500 on the Isthmus and around 19500 men in East Karelia fallen and wounded, Red Army losses were at least 96,400 men.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Professor Heikki Ylikangas interprets the various sources as saying that the Soviet Union reduced the importance of the Finnish Front's war efforts during the summer of 1944.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

According to him, among other things, Mannerheim considered the situation in Finland hopeless yet, for example, on 16 and 18 June.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On 19 June, Mannerheim received intelligence material from Colonel Aladár Paasonen, according to which the Soviets aimed not at occupying Finland, but at peace, took place at the headquarters.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Ylikangas interprets the main focus of the Soviet war effort to have been in more southern Europe, where countering the German invasion was most important.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[41] Prisoners of war The number of Soviet prisoners of war in Finland is estimated to be around 64,000 people.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Of these, 56,000 prisoners had been taken as early as 1941.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

About 2700 prisoners were exchanged for the Baltic Finns of the Germans, of which there were about 2200.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Due to the poor harvest of 1942, many prisoners of war died from starvation.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Soviet prisoners of war died in 18318 in Finnish POW camps.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finnish prisoners of war numbered 2377 according to official Soviet statistics.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The homeland was restored in 1969 lives.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

According to Timo Malmi, 3402 Finns were prisoners, 1388 died in the camp, and the number of repatriated persons was 1938, or 57 per cent.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The difference in numbers to the official figures is partly explained by the fact that Soviet statistics only account for those prisoners of war who survived to the camp.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[42] After the resignation of Peace Ryti from office and on 4 August, Mannerheim, who took office as the new President-elect, considered Ryti's assurance, known as the Ribbentrop Agreement, to be invalid to bind Finland to Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Peace terms were received at the end of August.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet condition for the armistice was the severing of relations with Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

On 2 September, Parliament voted to break relations by a vote of 113—43 and the Soviet Union was ready to initiate an armistice at 8:00am on 4 September 1944, on condition that Finland informed of the severing of relations with Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finns ceased the war effort at that time, but the Soviets continued to fire for another 24 hours, apparently due to the delay in the release of the bulletin.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[43] The terms of peace were the secession from Germany and the expulsion of German troops, despite the fact that at the same time the army came to a peaceful position, i.e. the demobilization of the troops.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Lapland War broke out between Finland and Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviets pressured Finland into the fighting, but the withdrawal was initially carried out according to a common timetable secretly agreed with the Germans.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The more significant war effort began with the Tornio landings by the Finns on 1 October and fierce fighting in the Tornion valley.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The German army retreated in good order towards the north, with motorised retroop fighting with the Finnish troops coming behind.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The German forces withdrew to Norway and to a ready-fortified defensive line at Arm Lapland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Since the main forces of the Finnish Army came to be demobilized in early December 1944, the final phase of the war became a “children's crusade”, with the army's regular staff leading only the youngest age groups.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union did not agree to immediately conclude a final peace, and an intermediate peace was signed in Moscow on 19 September: Finland ceded to the Soviet Union, in addition to the territories lost in the Winter War, Petsamo and was forced to lease Porkkala for 50 years and guarantee there to Soviet soldiers free access through the territories of Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

German troops had to be expelled from the country and the Germans' possessions handed over to the Allies.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland had to reduce the strength of its army to 42,000 men.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

War reparations came to pay US$300 million in six years, and to replace all property exported and disposed of from the ceded territory.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Anti-Soviet and “fascist” organizations (among them Lotta Svärd) had to be permanently abolished.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

War criminals had to be tried.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The end of the Continuation War practically extinguished the Greater Finland cause as there were no longer political or military prerequisites for its implementation.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union had won the war and established harsh peace terms for Finland, in which, among other things, the territory of Finland was further reduced.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

During the Continuation War, the Inger Finns transferred to Finland were to be returned back to the Soviet Union under the terms of the intermediate peace.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

They were met in the Soviet Union by deportation to Siberia.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union defined Finland's peace terms and territorial losses for its Western allies in advance in the early stages of the war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

When Anthony Eden, the British Minister for Outside, travelled in December 1941 to Moscow to intensify military cooperation, the Soviet Union raised the situation on 22 June 1941 that Britain should recognise the Baltic states, south-eastern Finland, eastern Poland, as a first condition. Belongation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina to the Soviet Union.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In addition to these, the NL claimed parts of East Prussia, Petsamo and additionally bases from Romania and Finland.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Soviets wanted to record all the listed conditions with a secret additional protocol.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Having been informed of the terms by the British, the Americans categorically rejected the proposal to draw up a secret additional protocol.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Stalin's proposal was considered to have been contrary to the principles of the Atlantic Declaration.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The British government in principle did not consider itself opposed to Stalin's proposal, but it just couldn't be decided at that very moment.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[44] The relationship between Finland and Germany during the Continuation War The discussion of the beginning of the Continuation War, the surprise of the Grand Offensive, the combat victory and the contribution of the Germans still continues both in memoir literature and in studies.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

From the end of the war until the end of the 1980s, there was a debate about the beginning of the war, where the so-called driftwood theory was considered to explain Finland's path to war.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In the subject of great attack, according to traditional perception, Stalin needed the forces primarily against Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Continuing the attack on the commanded Kymijoki line would have required new plans and reinforcements concentrations, and again the general situation and the change of seasons would not have allowed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Therefore, the Soviet Union agreed to a negotiated separate peace, even though the Allies had agreed to demand surrender from Germany and its allies.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The Finns considered themselves to be “co-hosts” of Germany with their own goals and not allies.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The debate over whether Finland was allied with Germany or whether it was fighting its own separate war, your separate war, has continued in Finland until the 21st century.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

According to the official political view, Finland and Germany were not in the union (including President Tarja Halonen's statements ahead of the 60th Victory Day [45]).


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

There has long been a prevailing perception in foreign historical studies that Finland was an ally of Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[46] A considerable number of Finnish scholars also think that Finland was effectively an ally of Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The basic work on further war research, Markku Jokisipilä's dissertation “Brothers-in-arms or allies?” According to the fact that the war began to be talked about in Finland only when the fortunes of war began to turn and Germany's defeat seems increasingly clear.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

In 2008, Professor of History Henrik Meinander also took a position in favour of abandoning the concept of separate war [47] In October 2008 Helsingin Sanomat conducted a survey among Finnish history professors.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Of the 28 professors who responded, 16 (57%) said that Finland did not wage a separate war in the Continuation War but was an ally of Nazi Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Six (21%) of professors were in favour of a separate war, and six did not give a direct answer.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[48] Supporters of the Alliance view draw attention, for example, to the fact that a number of high-ranking Finnish officers received prior information about Operation Barbarossa in such a way that the Continuation War was essentially tied to this operation.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Thus, the Finnish Continuation War as it was fought would not have been fought without significant material and strategic support from Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Finland was not an ally of Germany by law, as there had been no treaty of alliance between Finland and Germany, but in practice Finland was an ally of Germany, as it waged war with German resources and weapons, making Northern Finland available to the Germans and subjugating its forces to the German army seconded.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Especially in the early stages of the Continuation War, Finnish operations were fully intertwined with and dependent on Germany's own operations.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Similarly, the countries' security police had firm relations.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[47] During the war, Germans were called brothers in arms, as were Finns in Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The term was also used by the Finnish state leadership when talking about Germany.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

[49] [50] [51] See also Ilomants' defeat 1944 East Karelian concentration camps Eastern Front (World War II) Continuation War Finnish aircraft of the Continuation War Finnish aircraft of the Continuation War Offensive phase Continuation War Resistance solution battles Northern Finland during the invasion phase of the Continuation War 1941 Salpalinja History of the Finnish Air Force — Continuation War Planes and Air War Grand Attack from Syvär 1944 Unknown Soldier Sources Books, magazines Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Alftan, Robert (ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Brothers-in-Arms: German-Finnish Brother-in-Arms 1942—1944| publisher = WSOY| year = 2005| version = Introduction and footnotes: Markku Jokisipilä}} Glantz, David: The Siege of Leningrad 1941—44, MBI Publishing Company 2001 Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Continuation War history| publisher = Department of Military Science, WSOY| year = 1988}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jokipii, Mauno| title = Genesis of Continuation War: Studies on German and Finnish Military Cooperation 1940—41| publisher = Otava| year = 1987| version = Finnish Literary Society editorials 848}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jussila, Osmo & Hentilä, Seppo & Nevakivi, Jukka| title = Political History of Finland 1809—2006| publisher = WSOY| year =}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jussila, Osmo & Hentilä, Seppo & Nevakivi, Jukivi Kkka| title = Finnish Political History 1809—2009| publisher = WSOY Study Materials| year = 2006| version = 5. uud.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

p.}} Historical Studies 148.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Helsinki: Finnish Historical Society.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Junila, Marianne| title = Brotherhood of the Home Front: Coexistence between Finnish civilian population and German military personnel in Northern Finland 1941—1944| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature | year = 2000| version = Doctoral dissertation: University of Oulu.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Bibliotheca historica 61}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Järventaus, Jorma etc.| title = Finland at war| publisher = Oy Chosen Palat — Reader's Digest Ab| year = 1983}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kijanen, Kalervo| title = Dive Alert | publisher = Submarine veterans ry| year = 1977}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hans Peter Krosby| title = Nickel Diplomacy in Petsamo 1940—1941| location = Helsinki| publisher = Book| year = 1966| page = 240—243}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Land, Jukka| title = Sound Castle.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Years of Finnish occupation of Petrozavodsk 1941—1944| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Historical Society| year = 1989| version = Historical Studies 148| page = 67—75}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Laine, Antti| title = Two Faces of Greater Finland: East Karelia status of civil population in the Finnish occupation administration 1941—1944| publisher = Otava| year = 1982| version = Doctoral dissertation, University of Joensuu}} Mannerheim, G.: Memoirs II.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Huddersfield: Otava 1952.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Meinander, Henrik| title= | publisher = xx| year = 2008}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Paasilinna, Erno| title = World in the throes | publisher = Otava| year = 1983}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pranttila, Anneli| title = Victualling of front men in Finland during the war years 1939—1945| chapter = abstract| location = Helsinki| publisher = University of Helsinki, Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology | year = 2006| version = Dissertation | accessdate = 14.6.2008}} Citation error, replace with {{ cite book| author = Raunio, Ari & Kilin, Juri| title = Fighting Continuation War 1942—44| publisher = Map Centre| year = 2008}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Silvennoinen, Oula| title = Brothers-in-arms: Finnish and German Security Police Cooperation 1933—1944| publisher = Otava| year = 2008| version = Dissertation: University of Helsinki}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Skyksi, Kyösti| title = No other glory.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Risto Ryti's alley run 1939—1945| location = Jyväskylä| publisher = Gummerus, Bookgrou| year = 1989}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Vahtola, Jous| title = History of Finland — From the Ice Age to the European Union| publisher = Otava| year = 2003}} Citation error, replace with {{ cite book| author = Ylikangas, Heikki| title = One man's Continuation War| publisher = Otava| year = 2009}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ziemke, Earl F.| title = German military action in the Nordic region 1939—1945| publisher = WSOY| year = 1963}} Daily newspapers Web Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = History of Continuation War 1—6| location = Porvoo| publisher = WSOY| year = 1988| version=ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Military History Office of the Department of Military Science}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Moisala, U.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

E.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

& Alanen, Pertti (eds.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = When the attacker's road was closed — the Soviet Grand Offensive in the summer of 1944 on the Karelian Isthmus under the light of veteran research and Soviet sources | publisher = Publications of the Department of Military Science XXVI| year = 1988}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Siilasvuo, Ensio et al.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

(ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Continuation War: Chronicle| location = Jyväskylä Helsinki| publisher = Gummerus| year = 1991 (2nd edition 1997)}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kuusela, Kari| title = Wehrmacht armours in Finland: German armoured units in Finland 1941—1944| location = Helsinki| publisher = Wiking-division Oy| year = 2000}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Raunio, Ari (ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Defenders of Independence -series| publisher = Weilin+Göös etc.| year = 2002—2003}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Leskinen, Jari & Juutilainen, Antti (ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Petty Giant of Continuation War| publisher = WSOY| year = 2005}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Drabkin, Artem & Irincheev, Bair (ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Continuation War with the eyes of the Red Army| location = Jyväskylä| publisher = Atena| year = 2007| version = In Finnish ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Tiilikainen, Heikki & Laine, Jukka-Pekka}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Raunio, Ari & Kilin, Yuri | title = Continuation War Attacks 1941| publisher = Karttacentr| year = 2007}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Näre, Sari & Kirves, Jenni (ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

) | title = Ugly War: The Silent History of the Winter and Continuation War| location = Helsinki| publisher = Johnny Kniga| year = 2008}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Ari & Kilin, Yuri | title = Continuation War Fighting 1942—44| publisher = Map Centre| year = 2008}} error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rantanen, Sponge| title = Difficult road to peace: Finland under German, Swedish and Soviet compression | location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Atena| year = 2010}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kankare, Vilho| title = Let's go when told!


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Young Men's Continuation War| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2011}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Stalin's Secret Continuation War| publisher = Docendo| year = 2014| version=ed.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Vihavainen, Timo & Manninen, Ohto}} Films in front of the front line, a film about JR 61 on the Syvärs and Isthmus, Åke Lindman, 2004 Silence, film about the evacuation centre for the fallen, directed by Sakari Kirjainen, 2011 Abandoned houses, deserted courtyards, film Laila Hietamies by the same name novel, about the last days of Vyborg in summer 1944, directed by Lauri Törhönen, 1999 Lupaus, film about lot in winter and continuation war, directed by Ilkka Vanne, 2005 Headquarters, film about the moods of the headquarters in summer 1944, directed by Matti Kassila, 1970 Rintamalotta, a film about the lot fronts Continuation War, directed by Aarne Tarkas, 1956 Rukajärvi tie, Olli Saarela, screenplay by Antti Tuuri and Olli Saarela, 1999 Tali-Ihantala 1944, Åke Lindman and Sakari Kirjainen, screenplay by Stefan Foss, Benedict Zilliacus and Esko Salervi, 2007 The Unknown Soldier, Edvin Laine, 1955 Unknown Soldier, Rauni Mollberg, 1985 Unknown Soldier, Aku Louhimies, 2017 On the topic elsewhere Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= ( help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Search Engine.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Book review of Pilke, Helena and Kleemola, Olli: Life in the Trenches.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

The amusements and hobbies of soldiers on the fronts of the Continuation War.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

SKS, 2015.


Question: How many YYA contracts were entered into?

Continuation War

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Cyanosis is caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[1] Cyanosis can cause a bluish color of the skin, lips, nails or mucous membranes depending on the type of cyanosis.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

The blue color caused by cyanosis is due to the optical properties of the skin.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

When the oxygen-collecting part of the blood from the lungs - hemoglobin is oxygenated, appears through the skin blood red.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Instead, oxygen-free hemoglobin causes a blue hue visible through the skin.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

When the portion of oxygen-free hemoglobin in the blood exceeds 5g/dL, there is a symptom of blueness of the skin.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[2] The name cyanosis means “blue disease” or “blue state”.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

It is derived from the cyan color, the name of which is derived from the Greek language word κυανός (kyanos), blue.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[3] Typing cyanosis Cyanosis can be classified into two types: peripheral and central.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Central cyanosis In patients with central cyanosis, the concentration of oxidized hemoglobin in the arteries is less than 85%.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[4] This causes the tongue and lips to become bluish.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Central cyanosis can be caused by e.g.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

diseases of the lungs or heart.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Peripheral cyanosis Peripheral cyanosis is caused by a low amount of oxygen in the capillaries.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

This type of cyanosis is localized and is symptomatic of blueness in the fingers or limbs.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

Peripheral cyanosis can be caused by e.g.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

from a cold environment, low cardiac pumping power, or heart failure.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[5] This type of cyanosis is difficult to detect in dark-skinned individuals.


Question: Can the heart be worked out?

Cyanosis

[4] Sources Category:Symptoms Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The Mainila Shots was an incident in the village of Mainila, staged by the Soviet Union, which led to the unilateral dissolution of the non-aggression pact between Finland and the Soviet Union.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Four days later, the Winter War between Finland and the Soviet Union began as the Soviet Union took advantage of Finland.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

According to the Soviet Union, on 26 November 1939, four Frontier Corps soldiers in the border village of Mainila on its territory had been killed by cannon and hurling fire from the Finnish side.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[1] [2] The Russians have subsequently admitted [3] [4] this was an artillery attack staged by the Soviet Union itself, which was intended to make Finland look like an aggressor in the Winter War.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Mainila was not within range of Finnish artillery at the time, as the cannons had been withdrawn far from the border, on the express orders of Mannerheim, as the Soviets were expected to orchestrate some provocation similar to what had happened.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Finland offered to investigate the case in cooperation with the Soviet Union.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

However, the Soviet Union said that the non-aggression pact was in force.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

On 26 November 1939, the first note of the Soviet Union Foreign Minister Molotov sent a note to Finnish envoy to Moscow Yrjö-Koskinen stating that seven artillery rounds had been fired from the Finnish side at 15:45 p.m. on 26 November 1939.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

According to Note, they had killed three privates and one sub-officer, and wounded seven privates and two members of the officers.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[1] The note went on to say: [1] the shots in Mainila were promptly exploited by Soviet propaganda authorities in shaping the mood of the Soviet population.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Already the following night, threatening protests were held at workplaces with an ongoing night shift, and the following day, expressions of interest continued.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Across the country there were calls for “the relocation of Finnish kulak troops armed by capitalists from the reach of the Soviet border”, “the expulsion of Cajander and other bandit chiefs of capitalism to join the Poles Beck and Mościcki”, and “the swiping of Finnish adventurers from the surface of the earth”.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[5] A similar propaganda campaign had been organised even earlier, before the Red Army's invasion of Poland.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

On 14 September 1939, when Hitler's Germany had already occupied almost entirely the part of Poland reserved for it in the secret Additional Protocol of the Molotov—Ribbentrop Pact, Pravda, the main vocal supporter of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, had accused Poland's “leading circles” for oppressing minority nationalities.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The magazine had reminded its readers that there were eight million Ukrainians and three million Belarusians living on Polish territory.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

When the Red Army had been ready to occupy the territory reserved for it from Poland, Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov had declared it incumbent on the Soviet Union to rush to protect its tribal brethren, who, by the dissolution of the Polish state, had been left vulnerable to “all sorts of dangers.”


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[6] The Finnish government's response due to the Soviet note, the Finnish government immediately put in place an investigation into the matter.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

It stated that cannon shots had been heard on the Finnish side, but they had not been able to be fired from the Finnish side.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The next day, Yrjö-Koskinen forwarded to Molotov a Finnish government response note stating in the events: The note further stated that no artillery in Finland had been deployed so close to the border that they could even have been fired on the Soviet side.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

However, the Finnish government was willing to negotiate that troops on both sides would be moved within a certain distance of the border.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The note also proposed that the border agents of both countries should jointly settle the case as agreed in the 1928 Treaty on Border Agents.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[1] On 28 November, the Soviet reply note Molotov left a new note for Yrjö-Koskinen, in which the Finnish government's reply note was considered to reflect “the deep hostility of the Finnish government towards the Soviet Union” and to lead to “extreme relations between both countries to escalation”.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The note went on to say: In the same note, the Soviet Union also announced that it was terminating the 1934 non-aggression treaty, although it could not even have been terminated by the treaty until 1945.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[1] On 29 November, Yrjö-Koskinen, another reply note from the Finnish government, forwarded a new note to Molotov invoking Article 5 of the Non-Aggression Treaty.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

According to it, all disputes between Finland and the Soviet Union, whatever their quality, had to be resolved in a spirit of justice and exclusively by peaceful means.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The note proposed convening a special mediation board to deal with the disagreement that has arisen, or alternatively to subject the settlement to execution by an external neutral intermediary.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Finland also declared its readiness to move troops on the Karelian Isthmus, except for border and customs guard troops, “to such a distance from Leningrad that it cannot be claimed that they threaten its security.” [1] The last note of the Soviet Union of Finland's government 29. The note sent on November was not answered.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

But before Yrjö-Koskinen had delivered it, he had to receive one more note from the Soviet Union: This note thus meant the severing of diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Finland.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[1] Subsequent studies According to some historians, Mainila shots never even existed: for example, Vladimir Baryshnikov, a professor of new history at St. Petersburg State University, published an article in 2004 stating that no shots were fired at Mainila.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

According to Baryshnikov, the question was only about a claim made on Moscow radio, which had no reality basis.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

This is what Baryshnikov justifies on several points: the identities of the alleged gunshot victims and their grave sites are not known, and no consistent and clear eyewitness accounts of the incident are found in Finnish archives.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

To justify the war, Moscow radio made a bogus claim about the shots in Mainila.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

According to Baryshnikov, Finnish authorities began looking for evidence of shots fired by the Soviets themselves.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The result was a collection of obscure witness statements.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Historian Pavel Aptekar () went through documents later released from encryption and found no sign of loss of life in the area, from which he concluded that the shots at Mainila had been staged [7].


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Other sources also state that no reports of casualties from the gunshots in Mainila have been found in Soviet archives, so no one was reportedly killed [8].


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

It has been suggested that five cannon shots were heard and detected from the Finnish Border Guard lookout tower between 14:30 and 15:00 and two launcher rounds between 15:00 and 15:05, and that according to the testimony of the border guards it was possible to verify that the grenades came from the Soviet side [8].


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Mikko Kopra, who had been a pilot in the Soviet Air Force, reported seeing the following on a training flight on 26 November 1939: “... during the flight, a compartment was observed on a bend at Kirsalo in the Inker area by the cannon fire of Soviet troops.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The direction of the tubes was pretty much 240 degrees.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The goals were in their own half for Mainila.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The projectiles flew over a strip of land pushing from Finland.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The boundary was not a line straight on the terrain.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Viewed from Mainila, the shots came as if from Finnish territory.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The day was 26 November 1939 and the clock was pretty much exactly 3pm.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

“[9] The plot of the shots in Mainila was possibly copied from the initial setting of the 1939 March Red Army strategic war game.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Its starting point was the alliance of Germany, Poland, Finland, Estonia and Latvia against the Soviet Union.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The still-life included that border skirmishes had occurred on the Karelian Isthmus in the Mainila region, which would soon lead to open war between Finland and the Soviet Union.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[10] Actual Mainila shots in 1941 During the Continuation War, troops of the 18th Division advanced to the Raja River on 31 August 1941 and began preparing for the takeover of Mainila village.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

Colonel Pajari, the division commander, realised the propaganda value of the incident and arranged for the TK men an artillery concentration in Mainila.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

The village was recaptured a few days later.


Question: Why did the Soviets faked the shots in Mainila?

Mainila Shots

[11] Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Finland 1939—1945 Category:Political history of Finland Category:Relations between Finland and Russia Category:Winter War Class:1939 Category:Key articles of screening Category:Scams


Question: What is the Hippocratic Oath?

Hippocratic Oath

The Hippocratic Oath is an oath inherited from ancient Greece that were forced to swear by persons entering the medical profession.


Question: What is the Hippocratic Oath?

Hippocratic Oath

The oath is associated with the name of Hippocrates known as the “father of medicine”.


Question: What is the Hippocratic Oath?

Hippocratic Oath

The Hippocratic Oath is no longer taken at present, but instead in 1997 Finland has voluntarily introduced a medical oath which graduating doctors can take.


Question: What is the Hippocratic Oath?

Hippocratic Oath

The Hippocratic Oath reads as follows: [1] (Translated by Heikki Solin) See also Medical ethics Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Ancient Greece Category:Oaths Category:Medical ethics Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Melanie Oudin (born September 23, 1991 in Marietta, Georgia, United States) is an American professional tennis player.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[1] In the world list of juniors, he was best ranked second.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[2] At her best, Oudin was ranked number 31 in singles and number 125 in doubles.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

She won one WTA tournament in her career in singles.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[1] Oudin announced the end of his career in August 2017.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[3] Tennis Career Beginning In his junior career, Oudin won 27 consecutive matches on the junior ITF tour in late 2007.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[4] [5] In 2008, Oudin made it to the semi-finals of the U.S. Open girls' tournament, where she lost to Gabriela Paz.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[5] On the ITF tour, Oudin made his debut in 2006 playing in the United States.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In 2007, she toured ITF tournaments and participated in both the Memphis and U.S. Open qualifiers.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the first round of U.S. Open qualifying, Oudin, who was ranked 548 on the world list, defeated Ayumi Morita, who was ranked 152.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round of qualifying, she lost to Regina Kulikova.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] ITF tournaments and a wild card to the US Open (2008), Oudin moved on to become a professional player in February 2008 [1], when she survived to a final in the ITF tournament at Fort Walton Beach, losing it to Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová by figures of 3—6, 7—5, 6—7 (5).


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In March, she qualified by wild card to enter the WTA Tournament at Indian Wells, where she defeated Maret An in the first round.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round, she lost to Francesca Schiavone, ranked 22 on the world list.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In April, she received a wild card to the WTA Tournament in Miami, where she lost in the first round to Tathiana Garbin in three sets.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In July, Oudin made it to the final at the ITF Tournament in Lexington, where she lost to Carly Gullickson.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In August, Oudin received a wild card into the main series of a Grand Slam tournament at the U.S. Open.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

She lost in the first round to Jessica Moore by figures of 6—7 (5), 6—7 (5).


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In October—November, Oudin played in the Bell Challenge tournament in Quebec City.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the first round, Oudin defeated second-placed Sybille Bammer 6—4, 3—6, 7—5.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round came against Olga Putškova, whom Oudin defeated 6—1, 7—6 (3).


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

After reaching the quarterfinals for the first time in a WTA tournament, she lost to her sixth-placed compatriot Bethanie Mattek-Sands by figures of 6—7 (7), 1—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] Going into the fourth round at the U.S. Open (2009), Oudin started the season by qualifying for the Australian Open.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

After qualifying, she lost in the first round of the main series to Akgul Amanmuradova by figures of 1—6, 4—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the WTA tournament in Memphis, Oudin, who was ranked 150 on the world list, defeated Jill Craybas in the first round.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round, she lost to Marina Erakovic.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In March, Oudin lost in the first round of Indian Wells to Lucie Šafářová and in the first round of the Miami tournament to Daniela Hantuchová.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In April, Oudin made it to the third round at the WTA Tournament in Charleston, where she defeated Aleksandra Wozniak, who was ranked 29 on the world list in the second round.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the third round, she lost to Marion Bartoli.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In May, Oudin won both the Indian Harbour Beach and Raleigh ITF tournaments.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In June, Oudin qualified through qualifying to enter the Wimbledon tennis tournament, where she advanced to the fourth round after defeating Sybille Bammer, Yaroslava Švedova and former world list number one, the current top six, Jelena Janković.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Oudin defeated Janković with figures of 6—7, 7—5, 6—2, but lost in the fourth round to Agnieszka Radwańska 4—6, 5—7.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In the first round of the U.S. Open, Oudin defeated Anastasija Pavljutchenkova 6—2, 6—1.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round, she defeated fourth-placed Jelena Dementjeva 5—7, 6—4, 6—3.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Ranked 70, Oudin defeated the 2006 champion, Marija Šarapova, 3—6, 6—4, 7—5, in the third round.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the fourth round, she defeated the next Russian, 13th-placed Nadja Petrova, reading 1—6, 7—6, 6—3.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[7] Oudin became the youngest American tennis player to make it to the quarterfinals since Serena Williams in 1999.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[8] However, Oudin's tournament ended in the quarterfinals as she lost to ninth-placed Caroline Wozniacki by figures of 2—6, 2—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] Poor success in Grand Slam tournaments (2010) In January, Oudin participated in the Hopman Cup along with John Isner.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[9] [10] At the Australian Open, Oudin lost in the first round to Alla Kudryavcheva.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In February, she reached the semi-finals at the WTA Tournament in Paris, where she lost to first-placed Svetlana Kuznetsova.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

The following week in Memphis, Oudin made it to the quarterfinals.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In April, he reached the quarterfinals at the Ponte Vedra Beach and Charleston tournaments.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In the French Open, Oudin's games ended in the opening round as he lost to Spain's Anabel Medina Garriques by figures of 5—7, 2—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At Wimbledon, she defeated Anna-Lena Grönefeld in the opening round, but lost in the second round to Jarmila Groth 4—6, 3—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the U.S. Open, Oudin defeated Olga Savchuk, but lost in the second round to Alona Bondarenko by figures of 2—6, 5—7.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In September, at the Quebec City tournament, Oudin reached the quarterfinals.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In November, she reached the final at the ITF tournament in Phoenix, which she lost to Varvara Lepchenko.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] The mixed doubles championship at the United States Open (2011) Australian Open, Oudin lost in the first round to Klára Zakopalová.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the Indian Wells tournament in March, Oudin defeated Jelena Vesnina, but lost in the second round to Yanina Wickmayer.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Also in Miami, Oudin made it to the second round after defeating Julia Görges.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the second round, she lost to Daniela Hantuchová.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the tournament in Fes, Oudin reached the quarterfinals where she lost to Alberta Briant.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the first round of the French Open, Oudin lost to the reigning champion of the tournament, Francesca Schiavone.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] At Wimbledon, Oudin lost in the first round to Ana Ivanović 0—6, 1—6.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the U.S. Open, Oudin's poor Grand Slam success continued as she lost in the first round to Romina Oprand.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] He won the mixed doubles title at the US Open, however, along with Jack Sock.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

On a wild card, the pair qualified for the tournament defeated eighth-placed Gisela Dulko and Eduardo Schwank by figures of 7—6 (4), 4—6, [10—8] in the final.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[11] First WTA tournament win (2012) Oudin lost in the first qualifying round of the Australian Open to Laura Robson.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the French Open, she defeated Johanna Larsson in the first round, but lost in the second round to Sara Errani.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In June, Oudin achieved her first WTA tournament win in singles after winning the Birmingham grass court tournament.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Oudin, who cleared her way to the main series through qualifiers, defeated Jelena Janković in the tournament final.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

He was ranked 208 on the world list after winning the tournament.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[12] At Wimbledon, Oudin lost in the first round to Tímea Babos in three sets.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the U.S. Open, Oudin lost in the first round to Lucie Šafářová.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In September, he advanced to the quarterfinals at the Quebec City tournament.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] In the first round of the 2013 Australian Open, Oudin lost to Laura Robson.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

He also suffered first-round losses in tournaments at Memphis, Indian Wells, and Charleston.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In Rome, she reached the second round after defeating Yekaterina Makarova.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

At the French Open, she lost in the second round to Zheng Jie, after defeating Tamira Paszek in the opening round.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[6] Fed Cup Oudin played its first Fed Cup match in February 2009.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

In the quarterfinals, she lost to Argentina's Gisela Dulko, but defeated Betina Jozam.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

After the United States made it to the finals, Oudin played against Italy's Francesca Schiavone and Flavia Pennetta, but lost to both.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Italy defeated the United States cleanly 4—0 in the Fed Cup final.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[13] Tennis fans voted Oudin as the Fed Cup concluding Heart Award winner.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

The award is given to a player who has represented his country with distinction, shown exceptional courage on the field and committed to the team during the Fed Cup.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[14] In February 2010, Oudin again played for the U.S. team.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

She defeated both Pauline Parmentier and Julie Coin of France in the quarterfinals.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[15] [16] In the semi-final against Russia, Oudin defeated Alla Kudryavcheva, but lost to Yelena Dementjeva.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[13] However, the US team made it to the final, where it faced Italy again.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[17] Oudin defeated Schiavone by figures of 6—3, 6—1, and levelled the score at 1—2 with Italy leading.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[18] However, Italy eventually won the championship when Pennetta defeated Coco Vandeweghe in a singles match.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[19] In the quarterfinals played at the 2011 Fed Cup against Belgium, Oudin lost to both Kim Clijsters and Yanina Wickmayer [13], and when the U.S. team won only doubles, so the team was relegated from the sequel.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

[20] Statistics Singles Success by Year [1] Sources on the topic elsewhere {{WTA}} template missing ID and not present in Wikidata.


Question: When was Melanie Oudin born?

Melanie Oudin

Category:79.35 Tennis Class:American tennis players Category:Born in 1991 Class:Living persons


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Tauno Valdemar Palo (ex.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Brännäs, Paloniemi; 25 October 1908, Hämeenlinna — 24 May 1982, Helsinki) was a Finnish actress and singer.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He began his theatre career on the Sörnäinen labour scene in Helsinki in 1927 before moving to the Finnish National Theatre in 1932, from which he retired in 1973.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo's role jobs spanned from side to edge, from first lovers to comedic characters and from macho types to historical grandees.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Early in his career, he was given the burden as the “Tauno Palo of the whole Finnish people” and as the most Latin charmer of the Northern Empire.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[1] Fire's stage artistic triumphs included starring roles in the plays The Apple Falls, Strange You and The Chariot of Seduction.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo's film career spanned 30 years, from the lead role of The Bride of Jääkäri in 1931 to the Scarlet Dove in 1961.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In between, more than 60 film assignments were accommodated, including the male lead roles of Wifeokke, The Tramp Waltz and Robber Roope.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Together with Ansa Ikonen, Palo formed a popular big screen pair that together made twelve films.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo also made a remarkable singer's career.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He recorded about 85 compositions in two seasons, 1934—1951 and 1967—1975.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In addition to acting and singing, she acquired additional income from advertising work.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo received three Jussi Awards (1946, 1950 and 1952) along his film career.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In 1958 he was awarded the Pro Finlandia Medal for his career as an artist.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo was married to Sylvi Saki since 1934 and since 1962 to Kirsti Ortola.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

From these unions, three sons were born to him.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

A 496-page book about Tauno Palo's life appeared published by Otava in 2009 as Tauno Palo, a 496-page book written by Lauri Mere.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Private life Childhood and youth Family background Tauno Palon, birth name Tauno Brännäs, parents were Lars Petter Brännäs and Olga Andersson.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[2] His birth home was located in Hämeenlinna at number 43 of present-day Jaakonkatu.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[3] Tauno was a Sunday child and the third child in his family.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[4] Tauno had a brother, Gösta, born in 1904, and an older sister, Alli.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

His maternal father Antti Andersson [5] worked as a crofter in the Hämeenlinna area [6] and his grandfather Johan Brännäs was a St. Petersburg organist.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[7] According to Lars Brännäs, the genus got its name from a St. Petersburg island cape that burned.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[8] Lars and Olga Brännäs worked at the Hämeenlinna tobacco factory.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

After marrying in 1903, they lived for a while in Lars Brännäs's home region of Pietarsaari, but soon returned to Hämeenlinna.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[9] Gösta and Alli learned to speak both Finnish and Swedish, Tauno instead became Finnish-speaking.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[10] Brännäs family moved to Sörnäis, Helsinki in early 1912.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[11] The growth environment for Tauno Brännäs was rich and international.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

It was safe to venture out with Big Brother in the neighbouring quarters.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[12] During his childhood summers, Tauno spent most often in the Hämeenlinna region of Luuaja, visiting his Grandpa Antti.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

The maternal father was a prominent figure in Tauno's childhood, and the country environment left an indelible mark on his soul from which, during his acting career, he could draw strength in interpreting his characters.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[13] Brännäsi lived in Helsinki for a short time on Kirstinkatu but bought a condominium in the Alppila district at Porvoonkatu 15 in the summer of 1915.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[14] Olga Brännäs got a job at Fazer confectionery factory, Lars Brännäs continued his work as an installer at the Tobacco Factory in Helsinki.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Tauno, his father, experienced as a “great wacko”, to which he was treated with fear-ridden awe.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

With his mother, he had a closer relationship.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In his own words, he was a “mama's boy” who received “an appearance from his father, but a spirit from his mother.”


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[15] Tauno Palo's childhood home was musical.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

His favorite songs from his childhood were, among other things, Finland ompi Suomi.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

She received plenty of musical influences from her mother, who sang a wide variety of songs both at her home and in the Salvation Army.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[16] Big Brother Gösta, on the other hand, was engaged in violin and banjo playing alongside boxing and was also involved in a small orchestra in his 20s.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[17] Gösta Brännäs was successful in the 1920s as a middleweight boxer.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Months of the Finnish Civil War Tauno Brännäs was nine years old when civil war broke out in Finland.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

From the horrors of the spring of 1918, he had nightmares even on the communion side of his life.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In the woodland near his home, he saw bodies of German soldiers and, on his childhood playground, the Kallio school yard had been piled shapeless with burnt corpses.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Perhaps the most shocking horror experiences in Tauno were associated with Hämeenlinna, especially barracks and Ahvenisto, where reds were executed.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[18] According to another source, the nightmares were not related to front events but to the suicide of Big Brother in 1928.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[19] Olga Brännäs rescued Tauno's cousin Ilmari Paasikivi from the reds hands, Tauno's playmate Lauri Koskinen, in turn, volunteered on the red side, was captured and perished in dropsy.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Lars Brännäs remained neutral in the war, even as the Reds tried to get a man trained in the Tark'sniper battalion halfway on their side.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

The Brandnäs family was not branded a supporter of either side of the war.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[20] School years Tauno Brännäs was not very enthusiastic.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

His studies remained in the four classes of national school.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Sport, on the other hand, was enthusiastically engaged in, both at school and in his leisure time.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Following the example of his older brother, he dabbled in boxing and achieved moderate success in the junior standings as a 57-pounder.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Lars and Olga Brännäs did not accept the boxing hobby of their bumps at all and eventually denied it to him.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[21] Gösta Brännäs also had a negative attitude towards his little brother's boxing enthusiasm.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[22] Like his friends, young Tauno Brännäs belonged to the sports club Kallion Pyrintöö, where he engaged in both indoor and outdoor sports.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Through her sister Alli, Tauno also dabbled in theatre in Porvoonkatu's “laundry room theatre” and school plays.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Princess Ruusunen, which premiered at the Finnish National Theatre in January 1918, sparked an interest in theatrical art in her.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[23] Tauno Brännäs entered employment at the age of 13.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He started out as an errand boy.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In 1923, he obtained a position at the Defence Forces chemical test facility on Magpie Island.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He worked there in various capacities for nine years and began to consider laboratory work already his possible life mission.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[24] Marriage Tauno Palo married actress Sylvi Saki in 1934.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Two sons were born from the union, Pertti Palo (1934—2010) and Martti Palo (1943—2009).


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Tauno Palo had a love affair with actress Kyllikki Vären during the union, and in the late 1940s a relationship with actress Kirsti Ortola began.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo and Saki's marriage became mostly formal over time, but was not officially terminated until 1962, when Palo married Ortola.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

A common child, Jukka-Pekka Palo, had been born as early as 1954.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo and Ortola became acquainted with each other in the late 1940s when Ortola began his acting studies in Helsinki.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[25] Romance was rekindled in 1949 when they were working together on the film Robber-Scrooge, in which Palo was starring and Ortola was mentioned in the ballad “The Maiden of the Estonian Coast”.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In 1955, Ortola made a break from the relationship and moved to Tampere with Jukka-Peka.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He returned to Helsinki in 1959.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

In the 1960s, the Palo-Ortola family had two apartments in Helsinki: a large apartment in the artists' home in Lalluka and the usual family residence in Merimiehenkatu.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[26] Paternity issues during Palo's film career rumours circulated that he would have other offspring besides Pert, Marti and Jukka-Peka.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[27] The most famous of these hearsay is probably the claim that Esko Salminen, an actor born in 1940, was the son of Tauno Palo.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Salminen's mother was actress Kyllikki Väre (1912—1951) and father actress Unto Salminen (1910—1972).


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[27] [28] Old age In his last years Tauno Palo lived a quiet life in Kulosaari, Helsinki.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Tauno Palo was diagnosed with throat cancer in 1980. At the time, brash sensational newspaper journalists even burst into the hospital to pry from him for information about the illness, but Palo denied publishing interviews and photographs.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[29] [30] Tauno Palo received the Finnish Cultural Foundation Recognition Award in 1981 for her life's work.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Tauno Palo died of throat cancer in May 1982.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

He is buried in Helsinki Malmi Cemetery, block 1-32-318.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

Palo specifically wanted to be buried in Malmi instead of Hietaniemi artist hill, as Malmi also rests with his parents and older brother Gösta Brännäs.


Question: At what age did Hella Wuolijoki die?

Tauno Palo

[31] Acting career Sörnäinen Labour stage opens career in the 1920s Tauno Brännäs's acting career began in 1927, when theatre manager Aarne Salonen attached him to the evening actor of the Sörnäinen Workers' Stage.