Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Airsoft (“softaus”) is a Japanese-oriented fighting game in which players aim to complete a variety of tasks, aided by 6 millimeter plastic ball-firing weapons.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Plastic balls do not leave a paint mark when hit.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The most significant difference between airsoft and its related species paintball and laser tag/megazone is the emphasis on airsoft experiences, while paintball focuses heavily on competitive sports and laser tag fun.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In addition to gun imitations resembling genuine firearms, airsoftplay is also characterised by the use of military props.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

At Airsoft, special attention is paid to safety.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

All players are required to wear approved protective equipment.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In addition, it is also good to be aware of how to handle a gun and how to move with a gun in public places.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In Finland, the number of enthusiasts of the species has risen rapidly, especially with the arrival of the 2010s, and the number of hobbyists has been on an upward trend since the species was beached in Finland.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Also common is the enthusiasm of a parent of young people starting a hobby.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The sport is most often dabbled in weekend games organised by airsoft associations, which mainly focus on doing together.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

For the game, a battle situation can be created, for example, a robbery of the flag or the conquest of a fortress.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Different airsoft events differ greatly from each other and are diverse in content.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

For example, games can be slow-paced or physically demanding and the number of players can vary from a few tens (weekend games) to several thousand.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

International major games include Berget in Sweden and Border War in the Czech Republic.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The history of Airsoft had its roots in Japan in the 1980s with local gun laws banning possession of most real firearm types.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

After several unsuccessful experiments, the current guns firing balls with spring and air pressure remained the most popular model.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In the early 1990s, Tokyo Marui, known for its remote-controlled cars, developed the first automatic ball guns powered by an electric motor, such as the FAMAS replica.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

With the advent of electrically powered weapons, interest in airsoft began to spread.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Modes of games in Airsoft can be played a wide variety of games including scenario games, which are usually disguised according to some theme.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The theme of the game can be built around a real war historical event.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

More or less fictional still lifes blending reality and imagination, however, are commonplace.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The scenario often calls for embellishment and themed equipment in terms of terrain suit and armament.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In themed games, a combat situation may sometimes be based on an event, such as a known war such as World War II or the Vietnam War.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

However, normal domestic games generally do not practice similar empowerment.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Airsoft can be played indoors or outdoors.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In Finland, games are usually held in abandoned industrial buildings or forest terrain.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Old airports and schools operated as indoor games venues in the United States.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Indoor play is also referred to as CQB () or sometimes also CQC (), meaning hand-to-hand combat.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In any case, regardless of the scenario, the player will come to a certain number of hits after receiving a shout of “hit”, raise a hand up, impersonate dead or other similar and walk away to a pre-agreed area.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Other forms of play include flag robbery, in which one attempts to rob an opponent's flag or attempting to take a flag located in the middle of the playing field to the opponent's base.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Flag robbery also means defusing a bomb or stealing it.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Usually the “bomb” is an old backpack or briefcase, from which you need to remove some object.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The “King of the Hill” game format attempts to take over a prearranged area and the “VIP” game format aims to protect a particular player from shots from the opponent.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

MILSim (short for Military Simulation) is a subgenre of airsoft whose idea, as its name suggests, is to simulate the armed forces.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

MilSim can be understood in many different ways, and these customs vary widely from country to country: in the United States, for example, MilSim means, above all, equipping yourself in the manner of real soldiers.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In Finland and Estonia, MILSIM embraces a game format that seeks to simulate military hierarchy and activity, with equipping and using weapons as sidelines.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In a typical Finnish MILSIM event, two different parties operate for at least one day over a large area of up to several square kilometers with the main objective of completing predetermined tasks.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Unlike regular airsoft, in a Finnish-type MILSIM, eliminating the other party is usually not very central.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Weapons Airsofting uses different types of weapons with appearance as well as technical differences.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In practice, there are four different types of airsoft weapons: electric, gas, compressed air, and spring action.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

They use balls of different weights, usually between 0.12 and 0.48 grams.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Airsoft guns are often made to paraphrase real firearms, sometimes even down to markings.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The most common airsoft weapons are pistols, submachine guns, assault rifles, sniper rifles, and shotguns.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

There are also machine guns sniper rifles and bazookas.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Grenades and mines made for airsoft use, mortars and small ball-firing RC tanks are also available for enthusiasts.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

It is also possible to acquire red dot sights, binocular sights, lamps and laser sights for weapons.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Tuning weapons is also possible, but tunings occur more among more experienced softers.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

You can also acquire or make genuine wooden parts and metal frames for weapons that bring more realism to them.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

There are a few models available with throttle tuners: Blow-back and non-blow-back pistols, as well as rifles and gas-action sniper rifles.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The principle of operation of gas guns is as follows: a small amount of propellant gas, either from the magazine or from a separate CO2 capsule, is released and pushes the ball already manually loaded into the inner barrel, and at the same time the barrel with a skate backwards.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The slide charges the spring with force to the front when returning to the barrel of a new ball.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The previous action is only visible if the weapon is blow-back type.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In non-blow-back weapons, the slide does not move even if the same operations are performed.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Spring-tuned guns are always multiplier, meaning the gun needs to be reloaded after each shot, either by 'pumping' the shotgun, pulling the pistol's slide behind, or pulling the lock of the rifle, this always repeats after firing, whereas electric guns or blow-back gas-powered weapons with the function load themselves.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Electric tuned weapons are the most complex.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

They are powered by the power of the motor that rotates the gearbox.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Generally, the gearbox in the gun is designed according to the correct firing rate of the weapon that serves as a model.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

You can change the gearbox if you want a different rate of fire.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The gearbox therefore feeds the ball and pulls the air piston behind to the tuning position.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

When fired, the gun acts like an air rifle.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Protective equipment Airsoft gun projectile output velocities commonly vary depending on the weapon and tuning level, from less than 30m/s up to over 170m/s.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In most large games, the velocity upper limit has been set, for example by serial firearms with a ball of 0.2 grams measured in CQB at 100m/s (~1 J) and otherwise 126m/s (~1.6 J).


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Despite the protection used, it is assumed that, at least, users of a tuned weapon are not firing from quite close ranges, but that they are using their possible lower-power spare weapon.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Airsoft weapons should be handled just like real weapons, and even if they are not dangerous when used correctly, accidents can occur if the weapons are handled incorrectly or negligently.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

There are three categories of shields available: eye shields, which fall into two categories: glasses that protect virtually any projectile but somewhat impair visibility.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Mesh glasses, which are steel mesh instead of plastic, do not blur, but a ball hit with high force may crush and its fragments hit the eyes.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Both glasses help aim but do not protect teeth.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The second category is masks: masks have the same properties as glasses, but additionally protect teeth.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

However, masks interfere with aiming.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The third category includes all other protections, for example knee, groin, wrist, elbow, ankle, etc.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

In particular, eye protection is mandatory in all Airsoft related activities, both in game events and in testing weapons, without exception.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Protecting teeth is also recommended, as a low-power projectile is capable of causing serious injury to the teeth.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Gaming without airsoft and CE approved eye protection is a dangerous misuse of Airsoft weapons.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Clothing Usually Airsoft uses off-road clothing.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The most popular are terrain suits of different armies with cross-country patterns suitable for different terrains.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

WWII as well as Vietnam War outfits are popular to some extent, but you rarely see them used anywhere other than in games of that theme.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The face is well protected, as even a low-power gun can seriously injure the eyes.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Common equipment also includes combat vests used to carry the paraphernalia used in the game (balls, spare flaps, propellant gas, lunch boxes) and belt or thigh cases.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Face The general rule is that in addition to the eyes, other delicate places such as teeth are also covered.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Finnish law makes eye protection mandatory, since responsibility for a hit is always with the shooter.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Glasses suitable for Airsoft use are manufactured by companies such as ESS, Bollé and Sansei.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Masks protect the entire face.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

For example, chemist's glasses, glasses, ski goggles or glasses used when shooting fireworks are not suitable for airsoft use.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Following a joint decision by the Finnish airsoft associations, it is not recommended to use shooter glass goggles for children under 18 years of age.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Goggles designed for the face of an adult do not always give the necessary protection to the underage wearer.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Dental protectors for hockey are often used to protect teeth, but there are other possibilities: for example, a mesh covering the mouth, a plastic sheet or a shemagh scarf.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Specifically designed for paintball games, but also suitable for airsoft use, cover at least the mouth and often the ears.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Airsoft in Finland has been widely practiced in Finland since the 1990s, but airsoft came to the attention of a wide audience in the 2000s.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The most significant changes in Finnish airsoft have been the proliferation of low-cost Chinese weapons since 2007, as well as the rejuvenation of the hobbyist population: unlike most other countries, airsoft in Finland has no legal age limit.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

A typical Finnish airsoft event is the so-called weekend game: either a Saturday or Sunday event usually lasting about six hours, during which several smaller games are held.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Another typical type of event is the scenario, which means longer than a regular weekend game in duration and usually a continuous game.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Typical features of scenario games include scope — one scenario might garner hundreds of players at best — as well as a specific idea: scenario games are usually based on a specific fact-based or entirely fictional plot that controls gameplay and player behavior.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Ideas of scenarios may vary widely: some scenarios stand out from weekend games only by their length, while games at the other extreme may even use LARP elements so as not to have the lens typical of weekend games, i.e. eliminating the other party, It is no longer important if there are parties at stake.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Associations in Finland do not yet have a national airsoft umbrella organization, but regional associations have been established all over Finland and are more organized than before.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

These regional associations seek to drive the cause of enthusiasts in their area through organized activities, member benefits, and better hobby venues.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Regional associations are the cornerstone of the Finnish airsoft pastime: they are the main organizers of weekend games in their region and, at best, drive the rights of airsoft enthusiasts in their area.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Some of the largest and most famous Finnish airsoft associations include Ehasa Ry, PKS-Airsoft, Turkusoft, Jalasjärvi Airsoft, PPA-Airsoft and KS-Airsoft.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Ehasa [1] and Kotiniemenmaa have also been rehabilitated in organising thematic scenarios.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Larger airsoft games are announced in the online publication softaaja.fi/game calendar of the former Softaaja magazine, and on the kulaportti.fi website maintained by Ehasa.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Softaaja magazine (2005—2009) and Leka-Airsoft (2002—) were successful in bringing the species to prominence and serve as data banks for enthusiasts on the initial meters of the species in Finland.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

Player associations organise guidance for novice players to teach the rules of the game as well as the proper handling of the plastic ball gun.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

The ethos and values of the prestigious airsoft association include the training of so-called gentleman players, where relevant language and consideration of others in all situations, both in games and outside games, is key.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

See also Paintball Resources on the topic elsewhere — Airsoft Wiki — First commercial airsoft magazine published in Finland — General information on weapons and equipment — Extensive English-language industry site — Independent Finnish airsoft- a site that, among other things, has reviews of various weapons — an Airsoft site with news and various articles.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

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Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

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Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

— Helsinki Helsinki Airsoft Association — Airsoft Association based in Pieksäma — airsoft association based in Jalas Lake, South Ostrobothnia.


Question: Who developed airsoft?

Airsoft

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The PIK-11 Tumppu is a Finnish wood-built single-engine single-seat sports aviation aircraft.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The tump was developed in the early 1950s as a motor machine for the Polytechnicians Aeronautical Club so that members who had acquired the club's motor flight licence could continue their hobby.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

In addition to the prototype built by PIK, three Tummps were built in Mikkeli from the mid-1950s to the early 1960s.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Two aircraft specimens were on the Finnish aircraft register in 2015.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[1] Development and Production Background When the Polytechnicians Aeronautical Club was set up, its first objective was the construction of the VL Sääski engine aircraft, but the plan for construction remained unrealized due to the lack of know-how it required.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The club ended up buying a second-hand Klemm or de Havilland Moth engine aircraft, but even this venture eventually foundered on weak financial assets.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

By the end of World War II, the motor plane would not have been allowed to fly anyway because of the ban on flying imposed by the Control Commission.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

However, the ban did not apply to gliders, and PIK's construction activities were started with gliders.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

By 1947, there were so many gliders going on that no further need was seen for a larger number.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

We moved on to consider the design of the engine machine.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The PIK-8 and PIK-9 pre-designs by Juhani Heinonen and Raimo Häkkinen as master's theses laid the foundation for the club's upcoming motor machine project.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[2] Pressure to develop the machine increased with several active members of the club flying A1 flight licences on the planes of the Academic Aviation Club and the Finnish Aviation Association.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

For the continuation of the motor-flying hobby, the Polytechnicians Aviation Club had to have its own plane.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The poor availability of import licenses for foreign types increased the desire to design their own domestic machine type.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

At the club's annual meeting in October 1948, a decision was made to build a motor aircraft.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

There was no consensus among the members of the meeting on whether the plane should be made single or two-seater, though the plane eventually ended up being made into a single-seater.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The background was the lower cost and the smallness of the basement of the University of Technology used as a building space.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[2] The design of the machine type was taken over by Ilkka Läämaa and Kai Mellén, and work was completed in August 1949.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The top 40 horsepower Continental A-40-5, of the kind acquired in Britain for £75, was chosen for the machine type.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

However, a more powerful 65-horsepower engine was later acquired for the prototype.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The low engine power determined the limits of the machine's achievement values.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

A free-range subplane was chosen as the basic design solution, on which both the main designers drew up their own sketches of the machine, which were eventually taken forward by the Southwest Draft.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Mellén did most of the aerodynamic design and strength calculations of the aircraft as his aerodynamic engineering practice work.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[2] The construction of the prototype Tumpu construction was started in the basement facilities of the University of Technology, and the first parts of the plane wing were completed in spring 1950.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Next were completed ailerons, rudders, and finally the fuselage.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The finished parts were moved in May 1950 to Jämijärvi, where their assembly was continued in the more spacious and better equipped premises of the Aviation School.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

However, construction work slowed down as builders involved in the project declined.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Jämi was awkwardly accessible by its early means of transport.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Construction did not begin to progress until the Southwest after Mellén was completed in December 1951, allowing them to work on the machine at full time.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

In addition to them, students from the University of Technology Per Andersson, Tuomo Tervo and Keijo Tiusanen participated in the project.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

It took an estimated 1750 man-hours to work the wooden parts of the machine.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

A more powerful 65-horsepower engine from the United States was ordered for the prototype and four others in the pipeline instead of the original 40-horsepower engine.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The engines acquired were Continental A-65-8 boxer engines used for 114—300 hours.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[2] In the final stages of construction, work stopped for two months as the PIK team participated in the World Gliding Championships held in Spain in the summer of 1952.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Around the same time, Southwest moved to work in Tampere, and the management of the project remained in charge of Mellén.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

Later in the fall, a final hatch was taken, after which the prototype was completed after four years of work and 3500—4000 man-hours in January 1953.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The final assembly was carried out at 20 degrees below freezing at Jämi, and the centre of gravity was subsequently noticed as a result of a more powerful but at the same time heavier powertrain, [2] which caused Tumppu to crash on test drives already with the engine's subpower.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[3] Structural modifications were made to the body of the machine, which took a month to complete.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

After the modifications, the entire structure was test-loaded before upholstery for a load of 4.4 g.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The wing was deflected by about 16 centimeters, and nothing out of normal was observed during experiments.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

After test loading, the landing gear with attachments was still tested, dropping the plane to a weight of 325 kilograms laden from a height of 26 centimeters.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[3] The construction of three Tumpu was started in Mikkeli around the same time as the PIK prototype.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The first Mikkelian plane, the OH-YHB, was completed and made its maiden flight in March 1955.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The plane was destroyed quite soon, though, having flown only 20 hours when it was destroyed in Lappeenranta in April of the same year The next plane, OH-YMC, was completed five years later in July 1960.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The machine was later sold to Joensuu, from where it moved to Helsinki and finally to Lappeenranta.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[4] The last Mikkelite tumppu, OH-YMD, was completed in June 1966 and stored in the 1970s.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

The machine was refurbished and returned to the register in 1990, after which the machine was sold from Lappeenranta ownership to Helsinki a year later.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[4] There were two representatives of the machine type in the Finnish aircraft register in 2015, machines OH-YHC and -YHE.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

[1] Later machines were about 40 kilograms heavier than the prototype, and were top aerobatic aircraft.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

There was a later desire to get rid of the ban, but there was no perceived time for time-consuming strength calculations.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Bump

In the summer of 1967, Tumppu OH-YMC was loaded with a flight mass of 417 kilograms, and Tapio Kilpinen flew the plane's strain tests as a representative of the Aviation Division of the Ministry of Transport.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

For the positive side, the limit was set at a force of 5.5 g and a force of -1.5 g for the negative.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

[4] The use of the test flight program At that time, Kai Mellén, who had about 50 flight hours of experience, flew Tumpu's 15-minute first flight flight on 15 March 1953 at Jämi.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

Esko Halme, a test pilot at the State Aircraft Factory, was originally supposed to fly the first flight of the prototype with the OH-YMA registration designation, but due to Halmee's delay, Mellén decided to leave waiting aside and fly the first flight himself, with a positive first impression.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

Despite the potential shortcomings that plagued the minds of designers, the plane's flight characteristics proved to be better than expected, and no aerodynamic modifications were needed.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

A few short flights were still flown at Jämi during the same day, after which Mellén flew the plane via Tampere to Malmi Airport in Helsinki.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

Test flights continued and minor modifications were made to the aircraft to correct minor defects that came into it.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

At the end of the same month, the machine was presented at an invited guest event, among others, to Professor Bernard Wuollee, Government Secretary K. T. B. Koskenkylä and the first president of PIK Jorma Serlachius.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

A couple of months later, in May 1953, the plane was flown over Helsinki in a student stunt involving the Academic Aircraft Club Praga E.114 OH-PRB.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

PIK flew the prototype after the first test flights to complete a rather thorough flight test program based on US-based CAR part 3 airworthiness requirements.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The plane was also flown by Eero Juurikkala, editor of the Finnish magazine Teknologian World, whose article about the machine was published in issue 5/1960 of the magazine.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

[3] The active-duty PIK used a prototype flown under the symbol OH-YMA until 1966.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

During its years of use, it was basic repaired and the engine was changed to the more powerful 75-horsepower Continental engine.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The plane was flown at several Finnish and Nordic championships and visited Central Europe all the way.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The prototype also appeared at aerobatic displays while the rest of the fleet was undergoing maintenance.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

PIK's Tumppu also appeared in Edvin Laine's The Unknown Soldier film as well as the German 08/15 war film series.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

[3] Structure miniature|Tumppu at the Finnish Aviation Museum in Vantaa.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

Due to its small tip span, the wood-framed wing was one-piece, and trapezoidal in shape.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

Its profiles included NACA 2415 at the base and NACA 4409R at the tip.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

There were five degrees of V-angle and a geometric rotation of 2.8 degrees.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The fuselage used cam dampers except for the load-bearing plywood shell construction.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The plane had a cylindrical 65-litre fuel tank attached by belts to the forward fuselage arch.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The landing gear was machined from the spring of a half-inch railcar and had no brakes.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

The spur had to be maneuvered.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

[2] The start of the Continental A65-8 engined machines occurred by throwing from the propeller.


Question: When was Tumpu's prototype built?

PIK-11 Tumble

[3] Technical data Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Raunio, Jukka| title = Pilot's Perspective 3: PIK Series Airplanes| location = Kerava| publisher = Self-Publish| year = 1995| isbn = 951-96866-1-4}} References on the topic elsewhere Category:Polytechnicians Aviation Club Aircraft Category:Finnish general aviation aircraft Class:1950s general aviation aircraft


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering is a field of engineering incorporated into process engineering with a focus on the development and technical implementation of chemical processes on an industrial scale.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering is an engineering skill in which natural sciences are applied, for example physics and chemistry, as well as mathematics to engineering development.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

From an industrial point of view, process engineering is a broader concept than chemical engineering because the production engineering of industrial process plants includes parts that are not chemical engineering.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

One might use orange juicing as an example.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

In the laboratory, it would be done by hand squeezing.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

However, the method does not extend to a large scale because it would require army workers to squeeze every orange by hand.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Industrial scale process is automated.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

For example, a machine peels an orange that another machine crushes and filters out the juice.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering fields Process automation, information technology focusing on process measurement and management Catalysis research and surface chemistry, i.e. research on phenomena on surfaces and membranes Reaction technology, reactor design and reaction transmission Chemical equipment engineering, unit operations, mass transfer, and separation equipment such as pipes, pumps, distillers Plant design, process equipment design and price settlement of factory units Bioprocess technology, implementation of biological processes such as fermentation on an industrial scale Polymer technology, manufacturing technology of plastics and polymers, such as polymerization catalysts Metallurgical process engineering aka process metallurgy Chemical engineering is not chemistry that is natural science.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical engineering does not include papermaking or woodworking itself.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

The forestry industry or paper and pulp industry are separate sectors that are subscriber, that is, customer sectors for chemical engineering.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

For example, paper machine water purification is a typical assignment for chemical engineering specialists in woodworking.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Background A sufficient amount of expertise in chemistry is also required to apply chemical engineering: Organic chemistry, complex carbon-based molecules, especially organic and bioactive (pharmaceutical) Inorganic chemistry, use especially in mining and semiconductor development and in engineering Physical chemistry: for example thermodynamics, electrochemistry, as application for example research in fuel cells, fuel cell reactors and nanotechnology Analytical chemistry: chemical analysis is central to quality control and process management in industry.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering in Finland The chemical industry is the second largest industry in Finland after the forestry industry.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering Applications and Companies in Finland: Oil Refining, Liquid Paints and Coatings, Tikkurila Pharmaceutical Production, Orion Fine Chemicals, KemFine DNA Tests, Finnzymes Food Processing, Valio Industrial Chemicals, Kemira Cleaning Products and technical chemicals, e.g. Berner and Kiilto Groceries, e.g. Cederroth Cosmetics, Lumene Catalytic Converters, Ecocat Explosives, Forcit Finland also has mining industries such as Kemi Chrome Mine.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Finland has also developed an atomic layer deposition (ALD) method used in the semiconductor industry to produce atomic layer at a time.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

The manufacture of many metals (cobalt, nickel, copper) is done chemically, although companies belong to the metal industry.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

Education Finnish vocational university degrees in Chemical Engineering include process manager and laboratory and polytechnic degrees in engineering and master's degree in engineering.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

There are programmes in the University of Applied Sciences in Chemical Engineering at Turku University of Applied Sciences and Metropolia, previously also at Satakunta University of Applied Sciences.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

University degrees in Chemical Engineering include Bachelor of Science in Engineering, Master of Science, Licentiate of Technology, and Doctor of Technology.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

University level education in chemical engineering is available in Finland from the following universities: Aalto University, University of Oulu, Åbo Akademi and Lappeenranta University of Technology.


Question: What does bioprocess technology study?

Chemical Engineering

See also Industry Technology on the topic elsewhere *


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down (also used as the acronym SOAD) is an alternative metal band formed in California, Los Angeles in 1994.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band consists of four members: Serj Tankian (vocals), Daron Malakian (guitar), Shavo Odadjian (bass) and John Dolmayan (drums).


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

All four members of the band have Armenian lineage roots.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Through its work, the band has earned one Grammy and three nominations; it has won the award for Best Metal Performance of 2006 with their song “B.Y.O.B.”.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down are some of the best-known and most successful alternative metal bands of its time, combining death metal style guitar sounds, Serj Tankian's oriental-style vocal style, intermittent growl vowels, and a rapid change in song structure from heavy to calmer.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In 2006, the band announced that they would go on an unspecified length hiatus, after which all members worked on their own side projects.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band began touring again in 2011.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down has released five studio albums, which have sold over 40 million copies worldwide.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down's all albums were produced by Rick Rubin.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Daron Malakian is almost always responsible for the production of the ensemble.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Some of the band's best known and popular songs include “B.Y.O.B”, “Toxicity”, “Aerials”, “Chop Suey!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

“, “Sugar”, “Soldier Side” and “Lonely Day”.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

History Soil (1992—1994) In the early 1990s, Serj Tankian and Daron Malakian became acquainted at a rehearsal studio.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

They played in different bands but separated from them and formed a band called Soil along with Domingo Laranio (drums) and Dave Hakopyan (bass).


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Later, Shavo Odadjian came along.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

About a year later, Laranio and Hakopyan left because they believed the band would never be successful.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Beginning (1994—1997) After Soil disbanded Serj Tankian and Daron Malakian formed a new band which was initially called Victims of the Down after a poem by Malakian, but Shavo Odadjian felt that the word System would be better than Victims because it would sound more impressive and touch larger audience.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Another reason for the name change was that the band — and specifically Malakian — wanted the band's albums to be in a record store near Slayer's albums.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Shavo Odadjian was originally the band's manager and founder, but he stuck to the bass and David “Beno” Benveniste became manager.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Malakian asked his youth friend, Andy Khachaturian, to join System of a Down as a drummer.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

(Khachaturian and Malakian had, at the age of 15, played in Malakian's first band called Snowblind.)


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Khachaturian, however, went his separate ways.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

As a reason, he recounted his desire to express himself as more than a drummer.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In 1997, he was replaced by the band's current drummer John Dolmayan.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down's popularity in Los Angeles grew.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

SoAd gigged at many clubs as a warm-up for other ensembles.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

As the fame spread, record companies began contacting the band, offering record deals.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

However, the band did not want to write the contract immediately, but wanted to make sure that the right timing and that the agreement would happen to everyone.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Eventually, a deal was reached with Rick Rubin.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Debut album (1998—2000) In the summer of 1998 System of a Down released their debut album titled System of a Down.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album was very successful, with its first single Sugar becoming a radio favourite.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

A little while later, SOAD released their second single, titled Spiders.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The third single was War?.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

After the album came out, the band gigged extensively as a warm-up for Slayer before they were able to perform at Ozzfest.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

After Ozzfest, they gigged together with other bands around the United States, but also on smaller tours in Europe.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Breakthrough and success (2001—2003) In 2001, the band released a new single.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The song first bore the name Suicide, but prior to release it was eventually changed to Chop Suey!.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Chop Suey!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

got a lot of playtime on the radio, and that language already from the upcoming record.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The day before the Toxicity album was released, the band decided to hold a record unveiling gig, but eventually the concert was cancelled due to too many people turning up and police say the situation was starting to get dangerous.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Nonetheless, Toxicity, released on 4 September, was a giant success.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

It immediately claimed its place at number one on the US and Canadian singles charts and sold multiple platinum.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Toxicity has sold over 12 million copies to date, making it the band's most successful album.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The biggest hits on the album rose to be among others.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Chop Suey! , Toxicity, Aerials and Prison Song, as well as Forest.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The song Chop Suey!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

also received a Grammy nomination.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In 2001, System of a Down went on tour along with Slipknot.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The bands toured throughout the United States.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

After a successful tour, the bands embarked on the Pledge of Allegiance tour a year later, along with Rammstein, Mudvayne and No One.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Towards the end of 2001, a few unreleased tracks made it to leak onto the Internet.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band went public with a communique stating that the tracks leaked online were unfinished material.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Fans of the band complained about the unfinished sounds of the songs, and so the band decided to record them again.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

During the recording phase, some of the songs were composed, lyrics, or re-adapted.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Eventually the result was the album Toxicity II, which, however, was given the name Steal This Album! prior to release.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Steal This Album!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

was released in 2002.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album resembles a burned CD that would be sold dark.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album title is a reference to Abbie Hoffman's book Steal This Book, and a message to those who steal the bands' production and publish them as illegal on the internet.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The song Innervision had been released as a promo single and received considerable radio play on alternative radio channels.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The music video for the Boom song was shot with film director Michael Moore and featured opposition to the Iraq War.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Also ending up on the album were tracks that were from the band's early days, such as Mr. Jack (acting before being re-released under the name P.I.G.)


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

as well as an acoustic track by Roulette, which was to be already on the band's debut album.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In general, fans of the band do not like Steal This Album!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

album not as a thoroughbred album, but as a so-called compilation album, but the band members have said that that album should be considered an album wherever there are others.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Mezmerize and Hypnotize (2004—2006) Finally, in 2004, SOAD returned to the recording studio.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Daron Malakian had recorded about 100 songs, and the band selected the most suitable of them for the new album.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Eventually, however, so much material became selected that the band decided to make a double album, one of which would be released six months later than the other.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The first album, Mezmerize, was released on May 17, 2005.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album received good reviews from critics, rising directly to number one in the United States, Canada, Australia and many other countries in making it the band's second album ever to reach the chart top.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album sold over 800,000 copies worldwide in its first week.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The first single from the album was the song B.Y.O.B.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

(Bring Your Own Bombs), which spoke out against the Iraq War.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

B.Y.O.B.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

was the song that brought the band once and for all to the world's consciousness.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The song also won a Grammy.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The second single from the album was Question!.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The music video for the song was directed by the band's bassist Shavo Odadjian, who had also directed e.g.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Aerials music video.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Following the album's release, the band toured extensively in the United States, Canada as well as Europe.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Mezmerize has sold over 10 million copies worldwide.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The second part of the double album, Hypnotize, was released on November 22, 2005.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Similar to Mezmerize, Hypnotize cashed in its place as number one on the album charts.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The album's title track Hypnotize was released from the album as a single.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Hypnotize also received a positive reception from critics, although it is considered a weaker entity than Mezmerize.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Break and the band's future (2006—2011) In May 2006, System of a Down announced that they would go on hiatus.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Daron Malakian has confirmed the break will last for the longest five years.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Later Shavo Odadjian announced the hiatus would last the longest 3 years in an interview with Guitar Magazine.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Shavo Odadjian said this to MTV: We are not falling apart.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We're going to take a very long break after Ozzfest and do our own thing.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We've been playing at System of a Down for over ten years now and I think it's healthy for a bit of a rest.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

While performing in Houston, Texas, Malakian got an opportunity for a mouth shift too: There have been a lot of rumors circulating that we were about to break up, but don't listen to them.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The four of us are and always will be System of a Down!


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Malakian and John Dolmayan played in the band Scars on Broadway, founded by Malakian in 2003, but after six months of gigging, the band went on hiatus.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Their first album was released on July 29, 2008.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Shavo Odadjian currently works with Wu-Tang Clan in a band called Achozen.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Serj Tankian's first solo album Elect the Dead was released on October 23, 2007.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Dolmayan, meanwhile, plans to open a comic book store.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down's last appearance before going on hiatus was seen on August 13, 2006 in West Palm Beach, Florida.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Tonight is going to be our last gig, after which we won't be playing together for a long time.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Daron had said in an interview as his final comment this: We're still going back, we just don't know when.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In April 2008, System of a Down members Daron Malakian and John Dolmayan shared their opinions on the band's future.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

When a lot of people had been asking about the future of the band and that when they would come back, had Daron responded like this: We all know when the time is right, it just happens.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

In his July 2010 interview, John Dolmayan gave bright signs of System of a Down's return.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

“We've been on hiatus for over four years now.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We'll probably come gigging next year.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Nothing is certain yet, this has not been discussed much yet, but it seems that it will happen.”


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Shavo Odadjian has been seen on a couple of occasions gigging with Scars on Broadway, most recently in March 2010.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

This, too, tells us that the band members still have warm relationships with each other.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Serji's new solo album comes out in the fall of 2010.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

After the gig, it's highly likely System of a Down will start to do a comeback in earnest.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Serj Tankian said during a press conference on 12 August that a System of a Down gig in Yerevan (Armenia's capital) would be a good idea.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

“On whether we should get back together or play a gig in Yerevan, we will certainly inform you on our website.”


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band's return tour is anticipated to be formalized on Monday 29 November (the same day when Download will release its first performers as well as a highly anticipated headlining trio including SOAD), with details of numerous festival appearances in Europe, e.g.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

UK Download Festival.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down will be rumoured to be headlining on Saturday 11 June at the Download Festival.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

System of a Down will also be one of the headliners at next year's Metaltown festival on June 18 in Gothenburg, Sweden.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Official confirmation of this will take place on Monday, November 29, on the festival's official website, at 2pm local time.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Return (2011) With the long-running rumor, official information was finally received.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band's European tour will roll off on June 2, 2011.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The tour covered ten gigs, including Seinäjoki Provinssirock.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Expected for many years, the appearance was the first in the band's history in Finland.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

“We're excited to tell you that System will play a few gigs together next year.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We also want to thank you for your loyalty and support, not only to SOAD, but to each band member who has made a solo career.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We don't have any bigger plans for the future, we play these gigs just because we want to play together again and we want to call you, our great fans.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

We are very much looking forward to seeing you already”.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

[1] Due to very high demand, SOAD added a second gig day on French soil early in the year.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Two gigs had already sold out of the European tour.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The Finnish gig was also expected to be sold out no later than spring, as the pace of sales of the Provins Christmas batch for Sunday 19.6 was very tough.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

On February 9, 2011, the band added Russia to their gig calendar.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band performed in Moscow after a show in Finland on 21 June.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Bassist Shavo Odadjian said on Twitter the band had started rehearsals for their summer comeback gigs.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The orchestra rehearsed for the first time in nearly five years on Tuesday, February 8.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

At the same time, he confirmed that there were “financial problems” and “artistic conflicts” behind System Of A Down's break decision.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

On March 1, 2011, the band opened their new home pages and performed ten North American gigs in May before their European tour.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Two shows in America sold out in a day, a total of four gigs were sold out, as was Europe.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band returned to the gig stage on May 10.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

A Rio De Janeiro gig in Brazil was also added to the gig calendar.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Tickets were also sold out in an instant.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

On June 7, Provinssirock's Sunday tickets sold out, so the band got to perform for the full Törnää.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band toured during the fall of 2011 for the first time in South America.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The band meanwhile released gigs in Australia, into early 2012.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

New Album (2012—) According to the band's drummer John Dolmayan, a new album is coming as the band feels “able to challenge their earlier albums”.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The drummer admitted he was looking forward to the band's new studio album “as eagerly as fans.”


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Drummer John Dolmayan thinks System of a Down needs to do something new because the band doesn't want to repeat themselves.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

SOAD, he says, needs to be able to do something special for a new generation of music listeners.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Things with regards to the new album only move forward after a year because at Christmas the band members focus on their families.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

The break from music might even last for months at the turn of the year.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Plus, singer Serj Tankian is bailing off to New Zealand for a few months - he lives there for part of the year.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Of the new tour next summer, he says it's possible.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

[2] [3] In February 2013, it was announced that System Of A Down has been attached as the headliner for the Mikkelian Jurassic Rock festival.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

SOAD performed at Jurassic Rock on 11 August 2013 on Sunday.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

Lineup Current Serj Tankian — vocals and keyboards and acoustic guitar Daron Malakian - guitar and vocals Shavo Odadjian - bass and backing vocals John Dolmayan — drums Former Andy Khachaturian - drums Discography Albums System of a Down (June 30, 1998) # 124 U.S.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

; RIAA: Platinum Toxicity (September 4, 2001) #15 U.S., #56 UK; RIAA: 2x Platinum Mezmerize (May 17, 2005) #1 U.S., #2 UK, #2 Ireland, #2 Norway, #1 Australia, #1 Canada; RIAA: Platinum Hypnotize (November 22, 2005) #1 U.S., #11 UK, #10 Ireland, Canada, Australia; #1 #3 RIAA: Platinum Singles Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ben Myers| title = System of a Down| publisher = Like| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-952-471-947-6}} On topic elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only use for File namespace.


Question: When did the SOAD break start?

System of a Down

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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Question: When did the SOAD break start?

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* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Bosnian War was a series of bloody war actions that had been part of the Yugoslav Wars, mostly in the territory of present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

It was fought from 29 February 1992 to 21 November 1995 between Serbs, Croats and Bosniaks, or Bosnian Muslims.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Nationalist Serbs started the war because Muslim-Croat-led Bosnia gained independence from Serb-led Yugoslavia, and Serbs wanted to keep all Serbs in the same state.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The most famous war events are probably the Siege of Sarajevo by the Serbs and the massacre of Srebrenica, which targeted Bosniaks.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The war was more severe than the Croatian war, as in Bosnia-Herzegovina the different nationalities were patchwork interspersed with each other.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Thus many fronts emerged among three different national-political factions.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In addition, local chiefs of the same nationality could wage war against each other.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

For example, thousands of Serbs fought on the Muslim side, which is why it is more correct to call Bosnian government forces Bosniaks than Muslims.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the Bosnian War, ethnic cleansing involving mass deportations, killing, pillaging, arson, house blows up, torture and rape were more widespread than in the Croatian war.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Bosniaks were confined en masse to concentration camps, where thousands of them died.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Concentration camps were not closed, although the Serbs promised to do so.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The big-nationalist Serbs justified their Muslim-Bosniak purges by the fact that Islam threatened to spread to Yugoslavia and Europe, whereby the Serbs had to halt the Muslim advance [1] even with violence.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Croats and Muslims also engaged in purges for their part.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the siege of Sarajevo, dozens of Bosniak civilians were killed in some isolated Serb grenade attacks.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Although the war was outwardly a confusing tangle of fighting between different factions, Slobodan Milošević launched it with the idea of creating a Greater Serbia in the disintegrating Yugoslavia by driving Muslims, Croats and other nationalities out of large areas.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

At the beginning of the Bosnian War, Muslims and Croats collaborated to defeat the Serbs, but soon the ultra-nationalist Croats started a war against Muslims as well.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Eventually Croats and Muslims reached an agreement and fought victoriously against the Serbs until peace was reached.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In total, more than 100,000 people were killed in the war, mostly Bosniaks.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Background History The Islamic, Turkic Ottoman Empire spread to Bosnia in the 15th century.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the following centuries, many Slavs in the region converted to Islam.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

When the Ottoman withdrew from Bosnia-Herzegovina, the region fell under Austro-Hungarian control.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

This also saw Croatia's western influence extend to Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In this case, Bosnia became a patchwork of nationalities, which was like Yugoslavia in miniature.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Preceding events, Tito's Yugoslavia was mired in economic difficulties in the late 1980s.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The cause of nationality rose to the surface in the various constituent republics, especially among Serbia and scattered Serbs living in Yugoslavia, acquired bigoted characteristics.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serbs wanted to keep all Serbs in the same state, and they felt their rights were being trampled by other nations.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

So they drove either Serb-led Yugoslavia or Greater Serbia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

These were taken to independence by the national movements of Slovenia and Croatia in the summer of 1991.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The war in Slovenia, and especially Croatia, also foreshadowed war in Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The political situation in Bosnia-Herzegovina held the first multi-party elections on 18 November 1990.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Support for Ante Marković's multinational party, representing a united Yugoslavia, was low [2].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The most votes were received by the nationalist parties that pushed for the interests of the various popular groups.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

None of the parties supported Bosnia's independence at this point, but Radovan Karadzic's SDS declared its opposition to Bosnian secession [3].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

There was much debate about sovereignty within Yugoslavia [3].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The largest parties in the elections were Bosniak Socialist Action Party SDA (Stranka Demokratske Akcije) as leader of anti-communist and lawyer Alija Izetbegović, Serb Democrat Party SDS (Srpska Demokratska Stranka, psychiatrist and Serb nationalist Radovan Karadžić, party affiliations with the Socialist Party led by Slobodan Milošević of Serbia [2]) and Croatian Democratic Union of Croats (HDZ, Stjepan Kljuić, a party practically sister party to the Croatian party of the same name, but with line differences over the Croatian party [3]).


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Even before the elections, Muslims feared the rise of old enemies between Serbs and Croats [4].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Muslims considered Croats closer to Serbs because of the killing of Muslims by Serb Cetniks in Foca during World War II [4].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The HDZ and the SDA, or Bosniaks and Croats, generally cooperated at that time in Bosnia-Herzegovina [4].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Communists were also prepared for more than a federal state if necessary [5].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

SDA gained 41, SDS 34 and HDZ 20 seats [5].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Communists won 10 and Ante Marković's Union of Reform Forces 11 seats.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Thus, 95 out of 130 MPs were supported by national parties of different nations [5].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The 7-member Council of Presidents came to the head of the Muslim Alija Izetbegovic, as the SDA won the most votes [5].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

From the Serb side, Biljana Plavsic and Nikola Koljevic [4] entered the Council of Presidents.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Even before the start of the Bosnian War, the Serbs occupied a large area around Banja Luka, the so-called Bosanska Krajina [6].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In June 1991, Muslims arrested Milan Martic, “Interior Minister” of Krajina, the Serb region of Croatia, who had been leading Serb forces exercises in Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Martic was soon released by the regime, lest war begin in Bosnia [6].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

When the Croatian War began, the situation in Bosnia was known to be close to explosion.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 16 December 1991, due to the warring situation in Croatia, the EC pledged to recognise those states on the territory of the former Yugoslavia which fulfilled the conditions of the Badinter Committee.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

This created pressure for Bosnia-Herzegovina's declaration of independence and war, as the Serbs opposed gaining independence.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Serbs wanted to avoid war in Bosnia for a while, as the war was still raging in Croatia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Thus, the Serbs did not have to use their powers on two battlegrounds at once.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Prior to Croatia's declaration of independence, Serbs established Bosanska Krajina, a Serb autonomous community in Bosnia-Herzegovina in the surroundings of Banja Luka.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

This and other established Serb Territories (SAO) comprised about half of the area of Bosnia-Herzegovina.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Bosnia-Herzegovina's Serbs were mostly armed by the Yugoslav Federal Army in 1991, and the Serb party SDS declared Bosnian Serb regions as autonomous communities in May.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Federal Army troops retreating from Croatia settled in Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Signs of war Bosnia-Herzegovina drifted to the brink of war as early as autumn 1991.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In July, Serbian arms supplies to Bosnia-Herzegovina Serbs were revealed, and in early June militias from Krajina, Croatia's Serb region, held exercises on the Bosnian side.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In reality, the Sarajevo government controls only a small part of the country.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

By the beginning of September, four Serb autonomous communities had already been established in Bosnia-Herzegovina requesting the protection of the Yugoslav Federal Army.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Three Columns of the Federal Army arrived in the country.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

By the autumn the signs of war were clear, at the same time there was fierce fighting in Croatia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Bosniak leader Alija Izetbegović asked the UN to come to Bosnia, but the UN did not agree as Bosnia was officially not in a state of war.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the fall of 1991, Croats in West Herzegovina refused to give their weapons to the Yugoslav Federal Army.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On September 19, the Federal Army moved additional troops around Mostar, something the city administration publicly opposed.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 30 September, the Federal Army destroyed a small Croat-inhabited village called Ravno in Herzegovina by the JNA.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In Višegrad with barricades and machine-fire weapons, Muslims and Croats stopped a federal army detachment of about 60 armours for a while, but the army drove them out with 1000 inhabitants the following day [7] However, these incidents were not immediately followed by violence expansion.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 18 November, Croats in Herzegovina established their own “Herzeg-Bosna Croat Community” (Hrvatska Zajednica Herceg-Bosna), which drove the Croat cause in the region.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the autumn, the Serb army moved in Bosnia-Herzegovina [8] and, among other things, Dubrovnik was attacked partly from Eastern Herzegovina [9], and tension between the peoples grew.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In October, the EC expressed support for a confederation once proposed by Slovenia and Croatia [10], supported by the Muslim Itzetbagovic, probably believing the EC would help.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In October, Croats and Bosniaks (mainly Muslims) voted a joint Serb party game and declared Bosnia-Herzegovina sovereign, causing Serbs to walk out of parliament.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Karadzic felt that Yugoslavia was the only internationally recognized state, and that Muslims and Croats were trying to capture power in Bosnia, and that Serbs remain in Yugoslavia [10].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the sovereignty decision, Bosnia-Herzegovina would be part of the lax confederation of Yugoslavia only if Croatia was also involved [10].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Karadzic said Serbs would restore legal order in the spirit of the Yugoslav constitution [10].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serb leader Karadžić threatened Muslims with massacre should Bosnia-Herzegovina become independent [11].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Soon the Serbs established their own parliament, which left Bosnia-Herzegovina firmly in the context of Yugoslavia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

To the idea of Bosnian sovereignty, Karadžić was sharply negative.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Here, too, the SDS wanted to keep the Serbs under the same sphere of state power.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In December 1991, the Yugoslav Federal Army and Serb paramilitaries were ready for war in Bosnia-Herzegovina.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Slovenia and Croatia were recognised by the EC in January 1992 under pressure from Germany [8].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In January 1992, Stjepan Kljuić, the moderate leader of the Bosnian Croat nationalist HDZ party, ducked aside, giving way to the towering Mate Boban, who represented the West Herzegovinian faction and Franjo Tuđman.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Croats in Bosnia-Herzegovina received some weapons from Croatia, although the country itself had a shortage of weapons.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Croatia was shelled and attacked from Bosnia-Herzegovina.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

War Events The beginning of the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina had a few scattered clashes as early as September 1991.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

A wide variety of gun guards of a volunteer nature had sprung up in the country.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The strength of the Bosniak police was increased, and the Serbs declared the autonomous community they had established would break away from the Bosniak state should the country become independent.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In December 1991, Radovan Karadžić, a leading Serb politician in Bosnia-Herzegovina, even threatened Muslims with destruction when war breaks out.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Karadzic also said the federal army would intervene if the country becomes independent from Yugoslavia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Nationalist Serb propaganda blamed Bosnian Muslims and Croats [12].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serbs showed propaganda by Serb nationalist officers on television, denigrating Muslims and Croats [13].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

According to these television programs, Serbs came to avenge the wrongs committed to them by Muslims and Croats over hundreds of years [13] because the Serbs were proud.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

According to television reports, e.g.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Muslims intended to kill all Serbs over 13 and rape Serb women so that these would give birth to Muslims [13].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

According to Belgrade television, all Serbs should live in the same state, and that only solidarity will save the Serbs, and that Serbs are the leading nation in the Balkans [13].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In January 1992, Portuguese European Community peace mediator Jose Cutileiro tried to mediate the conflict by proposing to divide Bosnia into three cantons.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In early March, the Serbs tried in vain to amend the proposal with their own division of territories.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The two sides signed the plan on 18 March 1992 in Lisbon.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 28 March, the US envoy to Yugoslavia visited, lending his country's support to a unified cantonal undivided Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Izetbegovic then rejected the Lisbon Treaty.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In this case, Izetbegovic took a conscious risk of war breaking out.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Izetbegovic considered the war to be the price for his country's independence.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Although the Serb party SDS boycotted the referendum, it still allowed it to be held [8].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In early March 90% of those who voted supported Bosnia-Herzegovina becoming independent [14], but Serbs had opted out of the election.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

When the election result was published, Serbs set up roadblocks across Sarajevo and Bosnia supposedly in retaliation for the killing of a Serb man and an Orthodox priest wounded at a Sarajevan wedding [14].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serbs with Cethnics fired non-stop for 24 hours [8].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

From Pale, the administrative centre of the nationalists led by Karadzic, it was declared that a political solution would not succeed [14].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

So, too, Muslims bought weapons for their defensive guards [14].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Bosnia-Herzegovina declared independence on 5 April 1992.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 4 April, the Belgrade mafioso Arkan attacked Bileljina with his gangs, who killed a hundred Muslims [16] in summamutika [15].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 6 April, the United States and the EU recognised Bosnian independence [16].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Subsequently, Serb forces, with heavy weapons, began shelling Sarajevo.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

During the same month, Serb paramilites and Serb army troops attacked many Bosniak-majority cities [17], such as Zvornik, Foča and Višegrad, from where almost all Muslims were driven out by the end of April [16].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Most Bosniak residents were expelled from cities that had to experience the first ethnic cleansing of the war, which were the expulsions, killing, looting, burning of houses or blasts, and so on.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The perpetrators of ethnic cleansing differentiated between men and women.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Men may have been put in hunger camps to die, women to rape camps [18].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On many occasions, persons of Muslim prominence came to death camps [16].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Serbs themselves justified their purges by the fact that Serbs were threatened by Islamic and other non-Serbs [1].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In six weeks the Serbs managed to take over about two-thirds of Bosnia-Herzegovina. [19].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

This was due, among other things, to the fact that the Muslims (Bosniaks) did not have an organised regular army at their disposal, but defence was on the basis of local volunteer gun guards with minimal weapons [20].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The motive for the activities of many militias was the economic gain from plundering, such as the “Arkan” tigers [21].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serbia and Montanegro formally established stub Yugoslavia at the end of April, which was imposed under a UN arms export and oil embargo and EC embargo.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Officially, the Federal Army withdrew from Bosnia-Herzegovina at the end of April, but in practice its forces there were designated as the Bosnian Serb Army.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Of course, about 14000 soldiers left Bosnia-Herzegovina away [18].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

This 80,000 man-strong [18] BSA block was led by the notorious General Ratko Mladić, who had reaped fame in the Croatian War, whose relatives had died in the Yugoslav Civil War of World War II.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The UNPROFOR forces securing peace in Croatia would not have been sufficient for action in Bosnia [18].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

From March to August, a few Western powers, including the United States, dropped large quantities of food and medicine in Bosnia-Herzegovina cities blockaded by the Serbs.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Estabilization of front lines The frontal lines were roughly stabilized in early June.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Croat region of West Herzegovina broke away from Bosnia-Herzegovina in the summer and practically joined Croatia, thus foreshadowing war between Bosniaks and Croats, and joined the division of Bosnia-Herzegovina by Croat politicians such as Franjo Tuđman and Gojko Susak between Croats and Serbs in the middle.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Around the same time, however, Croatia and the Bosniak government entered into a military alliance.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Large numbers of refugees were already circulating in early June [17], when the blockade of Sarejevo expired.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

before that, the city had already begun to be shelled, among other things, from Mount Trebevic [17].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The influx of refugees increased enormously in the summer.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Ethnic cleansing began to be spoken publicly only in July 1992, although they had already been committed in the Croatian war the previous year.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Concentration camps erected by Serbs rose to public prominence on 4 August with their torture, starvation and arbitrary slayings of prisoners, although the Serbs promised to close the camps, they continued to operate nonetheless.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

More than 3 million people had been displaced in Bosnia-Herzegovina, and some 40,000 civilians were killed by Serbs by August 1992.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Peace Attempts and Bosniak-Croat Disputes In late June 1992, UN troops entered Bosnia-Herzegovina, but they did not prevent war or ethnic cleansing.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Their task was mainly to help civilians caught at the feet of the war, where they also failed on many points.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Serbs drove Muslims from their homes and made these write a certificate of the donation of property.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Peace was negotiated a few times in the spring of 1993, but peace talks tapered off one after the other.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

At least one party leading the nation was unhappy with the peace plan at each time.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In May 1993, the Serbs rejected the Vancen-Owen peace plan.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the same year, Serbs and Croats gained the idea of partitioning Bosnia into Greater Croatia and Greater Serbia, after Bosniaks had become very crowded in the war.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Formally, Bosnia-Herzegovina would be divided into three ethnic states.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Under this Owenin-Stoltenberg peace plan, the Serbs would have gained 53% of the territory, the Croats 17% and the Bosniaks 30%.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Bosniaks did not accept the peace proposal presented in August.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Serbs and others fought with each other during the war over the Brco, or Posavina Corridor, which connected the Serb region of Banja Lukan-Derventa with Serbia [22].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

At its narrowest point at Brcko, the corridor was only a few miles wide.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Muslims and Croats tried many times fighting to cut off the corridor.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Usually the corridor was open to Serbs.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Bosniak-Croat War Bosnian Croats set up their own army in spring 1992 and sought to purge Muslim areas for themselves.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The first Croat attacks took place in the spring of 1992.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Although in the summer of 1992 the Muslim-Croat leadership agreed to cooperate, Croats started many local skirmishes and carried out ethnic cleansing.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Croats also eliminated from their midst the HOS, which collaborated with Muslims.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Thus the Croats gained control of a large area.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Foreign fighters arrived to defend Muslims in late 1992.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Open war between two peoples at a loss to the Serbs only broke out when the Croats attacked the Bosniaks in May 1993.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The bitter war was evident in Mostar, among other places, where Croats shelled a Muslim neighbourhood.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Croats purged Bosniaks in the spring of 1993, among others, in Ahmić in central Bosnia.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Although official Muslim policy did not favor ethnic cleansing, some of them committed ethnic cleansing and massacres, and other nationalities fled Muslim areas.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The Croat invasion failed to defeat the Bosniaks.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

[23] The Croat-Muslim war was probably related to the desire of Serbs and Croats to divide Bosnia-Herzegovina at the expense of Bosniak Muslims.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

It has often been thought Bosniaks had defended multicultural Sarajevo and Bosnia in the war, but as the war progressed, the Muslim position increasingly sharpened to pursue the interests of their own group.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Of the Bosniak cities, the most genuinely multicultural was Tuzla, not Sarajevo.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the summer of 1993, the UN declared blockaded Bosniak and Croat cities as protected areas, and a ban on flights over Bosnia-Herzegovina.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

From the protected areas, the troops were ordered to withdraw, and humanitarian organizations and UNPROFOR were to be allowed to operate in peace.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

[24] The safe cities were Sarajevo, Bihać, Goražde, Tuzla, Srebrenica and Žepa.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In June 1993, Muslims recaptured the town of Travnik from the Croats.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

Mostar's famous old arch bridge, Stari most, collapsed on November 9, 1993.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

It had endured a miraculously long period of fire from various parties.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In August, UN troops were held captive for a short time in Mostar.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In the autumn of 1993, the Bosniaks were in a very cramped state.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

At the same time, the economy of the Serb regions was just short of everything, and the Serb struggle had subsided, and many Serbs capable of clawing fled to or out of Serbia [25].


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

In January 1994, the Serbs withdrew out of fear of NATO airstrikes for a while from the surroundings of Sarajevo.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

On 6 February, a grenade fired by Serbs killed 61 lives and the entire shelling session about 200.


Question: By what name are the Serb territories of Croatia called?

Bosnian War

The NATO threat drove the Serbs to withdraw their heavy weapons to within 20 miles of Sarajevo's surroundings, somewhat calming fighting throughout Bosnia-Herzegovina.