Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In total, the central area of Joensuu has 67,811 inhabitants and covers an area of 72.12 square kilometers.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[3] The bowl agglomeration extends mainly to the territory of Kontiolahti Municipality.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[2] Architecture Joensuu held a 1995 housing fair in Marjala district.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The special theme of the fair was an accessible environment.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu has a town hall designed by Eliel Saarinen from 1913.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In 1993, a new library house was completed.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The most significant buildings completed in the 21st century are Joensuu Arena, which when completed in 2003 was the largest wooden building in Finland and the Metla House of the Forest Research Institute, which when completed in 2004 was the largest wooden office building in Finland.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Beginning in the middle of the first decade of the 21st century, the city centre has been busily built.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The surroundings of the square came to a large number of new commercial buildings, the new administrative building of the university campus Aurora II was completed, Joensuu Science Park has received additional buildings, a new lyceum elementary school building was completed in 2007 to replace the demolished Lyceum Primary School.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The shopping centre Iso Myly was completed in the autumn of 2007, covering more than 70 shops.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Old shopping centres, for example Shopping Centre Metropolia and Centrumia, have also been renovated and expanded.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There is a bridge over the street between Big My and Metropol that connects shopping centers.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu has many trade centres and trade parks with large stores.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

For example, Voimatie, in the area of Joensuu Market Park, there are Prisma, and other massive department stores.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are 13 S-Markets in the area of Joensuu City.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

A third K-citymarket is planned in Karsikko, Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[4] Boroughs Before the 2005 municipal union, the city was formed of 25 boroughs: I District II District III District IV District Niinivaara (5) Otsola (6) Kanervala (7) Käpykangas (8) Sihtala (9) Mutala (10) Rantakylä (11) Utra (12) Sirkkala (13) Karsikko (14) Hukanhauta (15) Penttilä (16) Linnunlahti (17) Noljakka (18) Pilkko (20) Raatekangas (21) Marjala (22) Iiksenvaara (23) Karhunmäki (24) Fox nests (25) Iiksenniitty (26) Kuntakylä Iitos New neighbourhoods were formed from the zoned agglomerations of the joining zones: Heinävaara (27) Kyytelysvaara (28) Tuupovaara (29) Hammalahti (30) Niittylahti (31) Reijola (32) Eno (40) Uimaharju (41) Ukkola (42) Honkavaara (43) Louhioja (44) Pyhäselkä Villages Hoilola Kovero Luutalahti Mannervaara Meriinaho Ruhovaara Saarivaara Saarivaara Saaroinen Öllölä Climate Located near the eastern border, Joensuu belongs to a more continental climate than most of Finland's cities and regions.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Airport in Liperi has the highest temperature ever recorded in Finland in July 2010, +37,2 [5].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

History The area of present-day Joensuu has been inhabited since the Stone Age.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Towards the end of the Bronze Age and/or early Iron Age there was a fairly extensive textile ceramic residence on the northern shore of Varapond.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

At the beginning of the 10th century, the northwestern and northern shores of Ladoga were inhabited by a distinctive Ancient Karelian culture, whose influences gradually shifted also in the direction of present-day North Karelia.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The waterways served as wilderness access routes, bringing with them fur trappers and trading.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Joensuu region was mainly wilderness exploited by distant tribes (especially Ancient Karelians) and the Pielisjoki a passage between more significant areas, but there were also places to live in the area.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Following the attainment of the Orthodox faith, a subsidiary monastery of Valamo Monastery in Joensuu was established in the 16th century, which was nevertheless eradicated by the Lutherans during the 25-Years' War, or Long Wrath.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

A village called Joensuu can already be found on maps from the time of Swedish rule, as well as in church books.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In this case, it belonged to Kontiolahti.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Emperor Nicholas I of Russia founded the town of Joensuu on the site of the village of Joensuu in 1848.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The city began to grow rapidly.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

A lot of support reproduction has been practiced in the rapids of Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

A canal was dug past the river river river and sluices were built so that bigger ships could use the river Pielis as a passage.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu is an old timber industrial town, but today other industries have replaced the timber industry almost completely.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu maintains Sortavala's cultural heritage.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Since autumn 2010, the city of Joensuu has been headed by Mayor Kari Karjalainen [6].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

As his duties, the City Administrative Code defines the management of the city, monitoring and reporting on operational performance, and the development of the city's organizational culture.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Under the City Administrative Rule, the City Board's role is to run the administration and finances of the city in accordance with the goals approved by the City Council.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Chairman of the City Board for the period 2009—2011 is Matti Väistö (mid.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

), as 1st Vice-President Seppo Eskelinen (sd.)


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

and Liisa Väväalo, 2nd Vice-President (ECR).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[7] In addition to them, there are eight other members of the city board.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The city government may set various ad hoc committees for the duration of its term.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Examples of these include the Commission on International Affairs and the Commission on Street Names.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

distribution of seats and voter turnout in municipal electionsplace voting- activitySDPKOK.SKDL VAS.KESK.KESK.LKPSKL KDSMP PSVIHR.Other 1976171574431--73.8% 1980191556231--73.2% 19842015572266.7% 198820142714111a 64.0% 1994.0% 2113632466.6% 19962013292- -5--54.9% 200020112945--47.6% 200418123113- -4--51.6% 20081912314236--54.1% 20121710313286--51.4% a Democratic Option [8] Sources: Statistics Finland, [9] Ministry of Justice [10] The President of the City Council for the period 2009-2011 is former MEP Riitta Myller (sd.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

), Pertti Aktiainen as 1st Vice-President (mid)


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

and 2nd Vice-President MP Pekka Ravi (ECR).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[11] City service activities take place under the authority of trustee bodies known as city boards.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The members of the boards are elected by the City Council.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu City Boards are: Early Childhood Education and Education Board Leisure time Board of Health and Social Welfare Board Urban Structure Board Building and Environment Board The income tax rate of the city of Joensuu in 2005 is 19.00%.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Youth Council (Nuva), consisting of 20 full members and 19 deputies.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Nuva promotes youth status in Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Ville Honkanen is chaired, I Vice-President Rami Kiiskinen and II as Vice Chairman Heidi Lonkainen.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Youth Council has its own speech law representatives and their deputy representatives on city boards.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Nuva also actively organizes various events, mainly aimed at young people.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Municipal joints and union plans Pielisensuu merged with Joensuu in 1954.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Kiytelysvaara and Tuupovaara merged in Joensuu in 2005 and Eno and Pyhäselkä on 1 January 2009.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

On 13 November 2006, the Joensuu Municipal Board has submitted to the municipalities of Eno, Liper, Outokumpu, Polvijärvi, Kontiolahti and Pyhäselä for the initiation of a local government report.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The investigation continued only with Eno, Polvijärvi, Kontiolahti and Pyhäselä.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Kontiolahti opted out of the project in autumn 2007 and at the same time Polvijärvi's involvement also ended because the municipalities do not have a common land border.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu, Eno and Pyhäselkä continued to work out the joint of municipalities.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

On December 17, 2007 Joensuu, Eno and Pyhäselkä decided to merge as of January 1, 2009, to become the new city of Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Economy Joensuu is a growing leader whose business life is service-oriented.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The concentration of ICT companies has taken place in the premises offered by the Joensuu Science Park.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Major industrial companies include lock manufacturer Abloy, and John Deere, a forestry machinery manufacturer.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Research and product development in Joensuu is at the University, Science Park, METLA and a few companies in areas such as color research and diffractive optics.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In 2015, the companies that paid the most corporation tax were Broman Group Oy, a key company selling spare parts and accessories for cars, Assa Abloy Oy Oy, Osuuskauppa in North Karelia, E. Hartikainen Oy operating in the areas of earthworks and automobile business, and Laakkonen Oy.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[12] Jobs by industry (2002): Social services 40.6% Industry 15.8% Trade, accommodation and restaurant activities 15.7% Financial, insurance and other activities 12.1% Transport, storage and telecommunications 7.5% Construction 5.2% Unknown 1.3% Electricity, gas and telecommunications water supply 1.1% Agriculture, game, forestry and fisheries 0.6% Mining and quarrying 0.1% Joensuu's unemployment rate was 14.5% on 31 January 2007 [13] Major employers 2006: City of Joensuu (4409 employees), Municipal Corporation of North Karelia Hospital District (2220), University of Joensuu (1244), Abloy Oy (800), North Karelia Educational Association (537), North Karelia Cooperative Shop (512), VR Companies (430), North Karelian Kirjapaino Oyj (317) and Schauman Wood Oy (292).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In the 2010s, the Palkeet Agency was established in Joensuu [14] and the Finnish Defence Forces Service Centre.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[15] Population Joensuu's population has grown steadily since the city was founded.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In 1850, only 129 people lived in the town.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

By 1870, there were already 2819 residents settled in the town and by 1890 4940 inhabitants.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[16] Growth was slower in the 20th century before the Second World War (population 5971 people in 1939), [17] but significantly accelerated after the war.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The fastest growth was in the 1950s and 1970s, when the population multiplied.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The growth of the population was not only affected by the structural change of society from an agricultural society to a service society, which in general grew Finland's cities, but also by the regional union.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In 1954, the then Pielisensuu Municipality was annexed to the city and so Joensuu received its current suburbs Hukanhauda, Karsiko, Mutala and Noljaka, among others.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In the 1970s, the population was especially increased by the University of Joensuu (now University of Eastern Finland), founded in 1969.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The latest jump in population growth can be explained by the association of municipalities on 1 January 2005.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In other cases, the growth of the population of Joensuu has occurred in areas outside the “old city”, since, for example, in 1995 there were about 9200 Joensuu people living in the checkerboard area, which is approximately the same as 40 years before.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The following graph shows the population trend of the town every five years since 1980.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The regional division used is as at 1 January 2013.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Parishes According to the 2018 regional division, Joensuu has the following parishes of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland: [18] Eno Parish Joensuu Parish Pielisensuu Parish Pielisensuu Parish of Pyhäselä Rantakylä Parish Vaara-Karelia Parish These parishes form Joensuu Congregational Group.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Among the parishes of the Finnish Orthodox Church in the Joensuu region, the Joensuu Orthodox Congregation operates.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[19] Former parishes The following list lists the parishes abolished in the historical period in the present area of the city of Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[18] Kyytelysvaara Parish (merged with Tuupovaara Parish to become Vaara-Karelia Parish 2005) Tuupovaara Parish (merged with Kyytelysvaara Parish to become Vaara-Karelia Parish 2005) Education Colleges in Joensuu are University of Eastern Finland and Karelia University of Applied Sciences.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The University of Eastern Finland's Joensuu campus studies approx.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

7,700 students and Polytechnic c.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

4,000 - some of these, though, at secondary points in schools in other cities.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Vocational training in various fields is provided by North Karelia Vocational College Joensuu Technology and Culture, North Karelia Vocational College Joensuu services and North Karelia Adult College.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition, the Joensuu Conservatory offers musical education.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are a total of 18 educational institutions operated by the City of Joensuu in primary school.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Of these, there are 12 primary schools (including Nepenmäki School), 4 middle schools and 3 uniform schools.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are four upper secondary schools: Joensuu Lyceum Secondary School, Joensuu Normal School Secondary School, Joensuu Coeducational Secondary School and Upper Secondary School of Eastern Finland.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The City of Joensuu also maintains a civic college in the Joensuu Region.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Sports Academy is a collaborative network of educational institutions that provides training and coaching for athletes.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Transport links Joensuu is an important railway junction station.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

VR's long-distance services carry Joensuu south (Joensuu-Lappeenranta-Lahti-Helsinki), west (Joensuu-Pieksämäki) and north (Joensuu-Nurmes).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The eastbound rail link to Ilomants has been no longer in passenger use for years, but timber is carried along it.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Night trains to Joensuu were discontinued in September 2006.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are 16 local bus lines in Joensuu, 12 of which are operated by Savo-Karelian Line and 4 operated by Savonlinna.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Airport is located in the municipality of Liper, 11km northwest of Joensuu city centre.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There is a direct flight from Joensuu to Helsinki, where Finnair flies three to five flights a day.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Inland waterway transport is served by the deep port of Ukonniemi in Penttilä district and a passenger port in the city centre.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu is the main hub for road transport in North Karelia.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The town is bypassed by a 26-mile-long freeway which was completed in its entirety in late summer 2014.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The city can be reached by the following highways and highways: from Lappeenranta and Kajaani ((Helsinki) -Koskenkylä - Kajaani) from Kuopio and Sortavala (Turku - Niirala) to Varkaus (Pori - Joensuu) to Lieksa (Kontiolahti to Uuro VT 6) (Uuro - Nurmes) From the direction of Ilomantsi (Joensuu - Ilomantsi) Culture Joensuu is a lively cultural city.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Music is an important part of Riversuu cultural life.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Famous Finnish rock bands such as Hassisen Kone and Four Ruusua originate from Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The leading figures of these ensembles Ismo Alanko (Hassisen Kone) and Ilkka Alanko (Four Ruusua) are the most famous personalities from Joensuu today.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu has been created by the University and other educational institutions.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The University of Eastern Finland has a number of humanities, arts related and traditional studies training lines, and Karelia University of Applied Sciences offers degree programmes in fine arts, crafts, design, graphics and many media.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The town also operates a conservatory and the Pekkala School of Fine Arts.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The seven-day newspaper Karjalainen and the weekly weekly weekly weekly weekly newspaper Karelia are published in Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition, a free distribution magazine Karelian Heili appears in the city twice a week.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Joensuu Sub-Regional Library also serves as the Regional Library of North Karelia.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Events and venues among the many cultural events in Joensuu are Ilosaarirock, Ilovaarirock, Popkatu, Folk Music Festival Hippa, Joensuu Music Festival, Joensuu Literary Event, Documentary Film Festival Viscult, rock film festival Rokumentti, film event A hint of Russia, Alone in the Rain dance event, Joensuu Gospel Festival, Supasoul Fest, Parafest and Joe's Night.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Between 1981 and 1997 the Joensuu Song Festival event took place in the city, which fell into the financial loss it brought.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu is home to the Philharmonic Orchestra, City Theatre and the modern film centre Tapio, which was reopened in 2005.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The main cultural events are Lulurinne, City Theatre, Joensuu Arena, Carelia Hall, Conservatory, Karjaltalo, Iloosaari stage, Market Square, Film Centre Tapio, Pakkahuone, Art Centre Ahjo, Taitokorteli and churches.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Cultural personalities living in Joensuu include: Arto Halonen, film director Kari Hyttinen, photographic artist Simo Hämäläinen, writer Kyösti Kakkonen, art collector, businessman Jari Karttunen, dancer Matti Kettunen, writer Aino Kivi, theatre director Sanna Kurki-Suonio, musician Tuomas Lius, writer (Liperi) Timo Lavikainen, actor and musician Leena Leskinen, writer Risto Lång, dancer Matti Mäkelä, writer Tuomas Pyrhönen, organist Vihtori Rämä, theatre director Liisa Tavi, singer Tapani Tavi, poet Jaakko Teppo, songwriter Eeva Tikka, writer Heikki Turunen, writer Tuula-Liina Varis, writer Saara Tikka, painter Shrines Evangelical Lutheran and Orthodox main church are the main church running through central Joensuu at opposite ends, and at the same time on opposite sides of the center, that is, the checkerboard area.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The churches of the East and West look as if at each other across the city.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

At the southern end of Kirkkokatu on a small hill lies the main Lutheran church, Joensuu Church, representing Neo-Gothic in style.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are also four other Lutheran churches in the built-up area: Pielisensuu Church in Niinivaara, Noljaka Church, Rantakylä Church and Utra Wooden Church.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There is also a small hill at the northern end of the church street, the main church of the Joensuu Orthodox Parish, St. Nicholas Church.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Church of St. Nicholas is a traditional Northern Russian Orthodox church in which a lot of wood has been used, and which was completed in 1887.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition, there is another Orthodox church in Joensuu; St. John the Theologian Church of the Orthodox Seminary, whose architecture is Byzantine.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition to these, the city of Joensuu has new areas including a dozen prominent Lutheran and Orthodox shrines, as well as a mosque.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Literature: God's tabernacle among the people: Churches and chapels of the Evangelical Lutheran congregations in Joensuu.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

in 2003.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Sports and sports The largest sports facilities in Joensuu are near the centre in Mehtimäki district.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Multifunction Hall Joensuu Arena is the home hall for Joensuu's Kataja men's SM-national basketball team and Josba's SM-level-level floorball teams (7000 seating).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The hall is quickly transformable for simultaneous training shifts of different species.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition, the town has a racetrack, three ice rinks and a total of eight sports rinks including sports rinks in the rural area [20].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

King trotting was first held at the Bird's Bay racetrack in 1984 [21].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Behind Joensuu Areena, the home stadium of Joensuu Maila, Kerubi Stadion, is located in Mehtimäki.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The stadium has 2,500 covered seating and hosts other events such as concerts in addition to baseball matches.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The stadium is named after the restaurant Kerub in Ilosaari.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Joensuu Ice Rink next to the arena is Jokiboys' home hall (5040 grandstand seats).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In addition, there is a rallicross in the Joensuu region as well as a go-kart track at Liperi Upper Mylly, which is located near Joensuu Airport.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Central Field is the home ground of football team Jipo and the Elite Athletics Championships have been held there since 2008.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The swimming pools in Joensuu are Vesikko located in Mehtimäki and Rantakylä Swimming Pool.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Ball sports activities are offered in the commercially operated Fitness Oasis (tennis, squash, badminton and bowling).


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

There are four Frisbee golf courses in Joensuu [22].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The 1990 World's Strongest Man competition was held in Joensuu [23].


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Some of the largest sports clubs in Joensuu are Joensuun Juniper, founded in 1900, whose sports include basketball, figure skating, gymnastics, skiing and athletics.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The Juniper men's basketball team has been successful in recent years at the SM-level, achieving two golds, six silver and four bronze in the 2000s.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The basketball team has played at the championship league level in the 1970s, 1980s and 2000s.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The basketball hobby in Joensuu grimed in the 1950s.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Orienteering club Kalevan Rasto is one of the large Finnish orienteering clubs.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

It was founded in 1950 and has reaped success by winning Tiomila in 1983, 2010, 2011 and 2013 and Jukola Message in 2004, 2005, 2007 and 2012—2014, and 25-manna in 2005 and 2006.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Salibandyseura Josba is one of Finland's oldest and most successful clubs in both men's and women's series.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In ice hockey, Jokipojat plays for Men's Mestis.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Under the name JoKP, or Joensuu's Kiekko-Pojat team was in the SM-liiga during the 1989—1990 and 1991—92 seasons, and in the SM-sarja which preceded the league in 1971—1972.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In volleyball, men's club Mutalan Riento and women's club Joensuun Prihat play in 1 series.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Riento's top players have included Jimmy Hernandez and Serbian chipper Bojan Gluvajić.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

In Pesäpallo, Joensuun Maila plays in Men's Superpesis and the team won the first men's Finnish championship in the club's history in 2018.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuun Maila stepped up to Superpesis for the 2004 season and has been playing continuously at this league level ever since.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Of the men's football clubs, Jippo plays in the men's three.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Joensuu Sports Divers is one of the largest diving clubs in Finland.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

A basic course in scuba diving is held annually.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Trainers include some of the most experienced divers in the country.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

Successful athletes in the 1990s and 2000s Toomas Heikkinen, Joensuu sports motorists, Global Rallycross Championship 2013 Henri Häkkinen, Joensuu Shooters, Olympic bronze medalist in air rifle 2008 Jukka Keskisalo, Joensuun Kataja, European 3000 metres hurdles champion 2006 Aki Parviainen, Joensuun Kataja, World Javelin Throw Champion 1999 Kaisa Mäkäräinen, Kontiolahti Athletes, Biathlon World Champion 2011, three-time Biathlon Overall World Cup winner (2010-2011, 2013-2014 and 2017-2018) Markku Kyllönen, Jokipojat, former hockey player and current hockey coach.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

He represented Joensuu's Jokipoika, Kärppi, Saipa and NHL club Winnipeg Jets among others in his career.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

The twinning towns of Joensuu are: Linköping, Sweden Tønsberg, Norway Ísafjörður, Iceland Hof, Germany Vilnius, Lithuania In addition, there is a cooperation agreement with the following cities: Petrozavodsk, Sortavala and Suojärvi, Russia [24] Exploration destinations Botania, University of Eastern Finland Botanical Garden Tropical Butterfly Garden in Botania - Finland's only Joensuu Arena Joensuu Church (Josef Stenbäck, 1903) Eno Church Metla House Orthodox Church of St. Nicholas (v.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

1887) Museum of North Karelia Carelicum Sortavala miniature model (located in Carelicum) Sinkola livestock yard in Noljaka (for children) Kukkola farm Joensuu Art Museum Taito Quarter, Rantakadu's old wooden houses, opened 2006 market and market hall Change visitors interesting Karelia rowing in July Joensuu City Theatre Hasanniemi Summer Theatre Joensuu Philharmonic Orchestra Inland Sea Shipping Food culture Joensuu's keepers were named in the 1980s as Karelian grip table dishes: karelian pie, sultsina, vatruska, Discriminated, salted fish, salty, mushroom salad, sauerkraut, Karelian roast, potatoes, swede box, kiissel or berry warmth, as well as domestic beer.


Question: How many studies have Markku Kataja carried out?

Joensuu

[25] See also Joensuu beaches (beaches) Joensuu islands Mehtimäki Joensuu parks Pielisjoki bridges List of known river suites List of public works of art and monuments in Joensuu Sources On the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The presence of uranium in the Earth's crust is the result of geological processes that have enriched the relative proportion of uranium in Earth's surface layers.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In the Earth's crust, uranium has continued to be enriched through numerous processes into various deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Since uranium deposits form many different pathways, uranium is a typical lognormally distributed metal in the earth's crust [1].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Today uranium is a major source of energy, so its availability as a nuclear fuel is of considerable economic importance.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

According to the inventory carried out by the NEA and IAEA, the known economic reserves of uranium are approximately 4,7 million tonnes, sufficient for approximately 85 years at present consumption [2].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

On top of this, however, come the undiscovered uranium deposits in the earth's crust, which are estimated to have many times the quantity of recoverable uranium [1] [3] [4] [5] [6].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

There are also around five billion tonnes of uranium on Earth in seawater [7].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Based on ore mapping, scientists at the US Department of Energy have concluded that “uranium availability is not a limiting factor for nuclear development” [1] and according to the common position of Yuri Sokolov, head of the IAEA's nuclear energy division, and Luis Echávarr, NEA Director-General Luis Echávarr, there is enough uranium to be sufficient enough for a future in sight [8].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Origin of Uranium The earth's uranium resources date back to the birth days of the solar system from the interstellar material from which the sun and planets are condensed.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In this material, based on theoretical models describing the birth process, it is estimated to have been about 41 parts per billion of uranium (wppb) [9] in weight and about 57 wppb [10] on the basis of astrophysical observations, therefore the actual value is likely somewhere around 50 wppb.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Given the radioactive decay of uranium, there is probably 10 wppb of uranium present on Earth as a whole.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In other words, the Earth has about 63 trillion tonnes of uranium in total.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] Although the total amount of uranium is enormous, if it were equally distributed in Earth's matter, economic exploitation would not be possible.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Profitable uranium mining would not succeed without the enrichment of uranium through geological processes to specific rock species.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If the earth's accumulation had occurred in the cold, without the melting of aggregates, this might be the case.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The high temperature of the Earth's interior is partly due to the decay of the uranium there.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[7] Therefore, the matter of the Earth is mainly melted.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Earth's radioactive materials, coupled with the gravitational compression effect, heat the planet's innards enough to melt the minerals into liquid.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Early in its birth history, the Earth is estimated to have been completely molten based on physical models and geological data.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Due to its large ionic size and radioactive heat development, uranium is applied in molten material to the low melting temperature fraction and thereafter in the mantle and crust of the earth.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Over the ages, the magma cycle has enriched the uranium content in the earth's crust to a remarkably high level.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Based on geological models, it is estimated that as many as two-thirds of Earth's 63 trillion tonnes uranium reserves have accumulated in the Earth's crust, which contains only 0.4% of the Earth's total mass.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Comparing igneous rocks to iron meteorites with preserved early solar system chemical composition shows the estimate to be at least in the right direction.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Uranium in the Earth's crust Uranium, as a result of its physical properties and geological processes, has accumulated very high concentrations in the earth's crust compared to its general occurrence.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

On average, uranium is around 4 parts per million in the earth's crust, making it a fairly common metal — roughly as common as tin and hundreds of times more common than rare metals such as gold [11].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium also remains unchanged through geological processes, unlike fossil fuels, which might re-enter or evaporate into the atmosphere within millions of years.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Excluding the slow radioactive decay of uranium, all uranium that existed at the time of Earth's birth should therefore still exist on the planet.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

What matters in the geological distribution of elements is what types and above all how many different processes enrich and deplete minerals with respect to that element.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Elements that accumulate as deposits by only a small number of geologic processes can be expected to be multimodally distributed, while substances enriched by numerous different processes are distributed lognormally.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Picturally presented in the multimodal distribution, several spikes can be seen, each corresponding to one of the geological processes that enriched that element.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If each process were considered separately, only one spike would naturally be visible to reflect the concentration at which that process tends to pile up the element.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

When they are summed, a “multi-prong”, i.e., multimodal distribution is obtained.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

When there are enough enriching geological processes, individual peaks begin to separate more weakly from others and the curve flattens out.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

For a lognormally distributed element, there are so many enriching processes that describe each process overlap and sum into a distribution where the individual peaks no longer separate multimodally.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The peak of the distribution settles at such a concentration in which the number of enriching processes is greatest.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] My career is a typical lognormally distributed element, as uranium-enriching processes and various deposit types are known quite abundantly.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] The peak of the distribution coincides with significantly richer deposits than the average crustal uranium content.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In terms of ore exploration, uranium is therefore an opportune metal because the physical properties of uranium heap from it into inherently well-diversified rich deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] The igneous rock process as a crustal enrichment The accumulation of uranium in the earth's crust triggers a cycle of magma that enriches the concentration of uranium in the Earth's surface layers.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Young, newly solidified aggregate is relatively poor in terms of uranium, in old igneous rocks the concentration of uranium is significantly higher.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This is because the large ion size causes uranium to retrieve into partially molten matter and soar in the mantle into the earth's crust with other large ions such as sodium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

On the other hand, the radioactivity of uranium acts as a heat source which, like other heat-generating substances, causes uranium to travel from the mantle towards the surface and penetrate into the earth's crust.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The tendency of uranium to rise in molten aggregates to the surface is a major determinant of Earth's geology.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If uranium and other heavy radioactive materials were to retrieve into the Earth's core, there would be considerably stronger magma flows, which would show up as markedly more unstable tectonics than prevailing conditions.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

It is questionable whether liquid water, and hence life, could exist on Earth torn apart by such great geological forces.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In subduction zones, where tectonic plate aggregate depresses lower and melts, rock samples typically contain about 2 parts per million (wppm) of uranium, measured in weight.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In marine burial sheds, on the other hand, where new rock is formed from magma, rock samples normally contain about 0.1 wppm of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This is the result of the different geological history of the rocks: old rock that has long existed in the earth's crust, which in subduction zones is melting anew, has had time to accumulate a large amount of uranium as a result of the above-described drift process.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

By contrast, uranium in newly emerging rock has not yet had time to accumulate.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Continuously repeated, this circulation process has enriched the uranium content in the earth's crust to its current high level.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Formation of uranium deposits Some uranium deposits are a direct result of enrichment by the igneous rock process.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Such deposits are exploited by the Joachimsthal mines in the Czech Republic and Great Bear Lake in Canada, among others.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The predominantly igneous rock process alone, however, is not enough to enrich the concentration of uranium high enough to create ores profitable for modern mining.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Most geological processes that make up uranium deposits are related to the tendency of uranium to be strongly soluble in oxidizing environments and highly insoluble in reducing environments.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The oxygen content in the Earth's atmosphere increased considerably about 1.8 billion years ago, changing it from reductive to oxidizing.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

As a result, for the past 1.8 billion years, the most significant phenomenon moving uranium in the earth's crust has been the movements of oxygen-rich groundwater in the vicinity of the surface.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

1.8 billion years ago and before that, water bodies didn't exactly move uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Some very old rock species still contain substantial old uranium deposits spared from oxidizing water movements.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Such are the Elliot Lake deposit in Canada and the Witwatersrand in South Africa.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Subsequent groundwater movements have brought uranium into greater circulation, resulting in continued slow increases in uranium concentrations in oceans, aquifers and aquifers.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, mainly uranium content in water bodies still remains far from saturation levels.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

There have been areas in Earth's history where water chemistry has become reductive for a long period of time.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Over the ages, significant amounts of uranium have accumulated in these regions.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

A notable uranium deposit thus generated is, for example, the Mesozoic sandstone of the Colorado Highlands.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Areas also occur in the oceans where the oxygen content in the water is low due to low water turnover.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Even in these places, uranium tends to accumulate.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This is how uranium deposits of the Chattanooga Black Shale in the U.S. state of Tennessee have formed, for example.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Substantial amounts of uranium are also often accumulated in phosphate rocks.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Inconformity refers to an area where the age and characteristics of a rock change drastically within a thin zone [12].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In places where precambrian sandstone still overlies much older precambrian granite, uranium from the sandstone drains along with oxygenated groundwater into crevices and cracks of inconformity, often forming a very rich deposit.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium deposits in Saskatchewan, Canada, for example, are largely hereby generated.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In Oklo, Gabon, uranium has accumulated with groundwater into exceptionally rich deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

1.7 billion years ago, when the concentration of the uranium fissil isotope U-235, due to the different half-lives of the isotopes, was still 3% compared to 0.7% today, several natural nuclear reactors were started in the Oklo deposit, where groundwater acted as a neutron moderator and coolant.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The reactors will work well for a quarter of a million years.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The natural “nuclear waste” left behind has gained plenty of interest in the disposal of artificial nuclear waste in recent years, as the remains of fuel from the Oklo reactors have remained in the rock until these days.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[13] Uranium Resources and Reserves Uranium is of great economic importance and is a substantial extractive.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

It has been consumed throughout the centuries to some extent, mainly as an alloy metal, but the current demand for uranium originated after the invention of fission.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The first practical application for fission was in nuclear weapons, and for the first decades of the mass use of uranium they were its major application.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Today, the Earth's total nuclear weapons inventory is contracting, so weapons use no longer generates a net demand for uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[14] The main use of uranium today is in power plants, in the production of nuclear energy.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

So the adequacy of uranium is a very central issue from an energy economic point of view.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

When assessing uranium deposits, the recoverability of deposits from a technical and economic point of view is crucial, since even the greatest quantities of uranium are not beneficial to energy production if they are more cost than beneficial to their energy use.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Speaking of natural resources on the reserve (engl.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

reserve) means that part of the occurrence which has already been discovered and which is known to be profitable under current technology market conditions.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

With funds (engl.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

resource), on the other hand, refers to deposits in bedrock that are so far unknown.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Known reserves therefore constitute only a small, so far known portion of total tectonic resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[15] Furthermore, the size of the reserve is affected by the fact that the volume of ore increases as the price of the raw material increases.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Ore is a mineral that contains enough metal to make its use economical.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Ore reserves depend on the current market situation: the increase in price therefore expands the ore reserve because even poorer than already known deposits become economically viable to exploit.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[16] The ore reserve may also expand through advances in mining technology or new discovered deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Uranium Reserves Very few uranium deposits are known for historical reasons or discovered by chance; the main part is known due to conscious ore exploration.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The world has had two significant uranium exploration booms in times past: after World War II caused by nuclear weapons and, starting in 1972, caused by an energy crisis.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Since the 1970s, active exploration for uranium has been very limited, as the deposits discovered then have proved to be significantly richer than thought and the growth of nuclear energy use has been slower than estimated.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This is due to higher than anticipated use of oil and other fossil fuels.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Energy from uranium has also increased with advances in nuclear technology and nuclear disarmament has yielded plutonium for disposal in power plants, reducing demand for natural uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

So the current reserves are essentially the result of exploration work carried out decades ago.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, geologists estimate (see.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

e.g., [1] [3] [4] [5] [6]) that the reserve could be rapidly expanded, if necessary, by new exploration, as was done in the 1950s and 1970s.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Rising uranium prices in recent years have renewed interest in uranium exploration.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The mechanism between price and ore exploration forms a feedback loop that balances the price of uranium as well as other natural resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[17] The very low proportion of raw uranium in the price structure of nuclear electricity enables economic exploitation of even poor deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] [18] Known uranium reserves in thousand tonnes when priced 130$/kg [2] Australia1143Kazakhstan816Canada444United States342South Africa341Namibia282Brazilia279Niger225Russia172Uzbekistan116Ukraina90Jordania79India67China60Other287Total4743 The World Nuclear Association (WNA) estimates that the world's uranium mines and other well-studied deposits contain approximately 1.32 million tonnes of uranium, which would be refinable at the market price of $40/kg.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, this is only a small part of the wider uranium reserves known to exist in the bedrock from ore exploration.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Records are held internationally on the known reserve of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Every two years, the UN Atomic Energy Agency IAEA and the OECD's NEA compile data on known uranium deposits from member countries.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In 2005, Member States declared their uranium reserves of good 3.8 million tonnes at prices below $80 per kg.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If the price of uranium rose to $130/kg, the reserves would increase to more than 4.7 million tonnes.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In addition, Member States estimate that 10 million tonnes of additional reserves could be found in economically unestimated deposits so far.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In addition, about 40% of the world's nuclear electricity is currently generated from fuel sources unneeded for mining, such as old storage facilities, spent nuclear fuel reprocessing, as well as nuclear disarmament.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[2] According to an estimate by the World Nuclear Power Organization, the uranium currently known in mines is sufficient at current consumption to meet the needs of nuclear power plants for about eighty years.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] According to a report by the European Commission, current uranium reserves are sufficient at current production for 42 years.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[19] In addition to the reserves in mines, the known economic uranium reserves are taken into account in accordance with the IAEA and NEA inventory, they would be sufficient to meet the needs of current nuclear power generation for approximately two hundred years.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[2] In political discourse, estimates of uranium reserves are sometimes presented as if their depletion means an all-out of available uranium resources (see


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

e.g., [20]).


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In this case, however, no necessary distinction has been made between the uranium reserve and the uranium resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Although the uranium reserve we know so far is quite limited, it is only a small fraction of all the uranium resources that have not yet been found in the earth's crust, but which are known to exist under geology.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] [3] [4] [5] [6] Uranium Resources Various estimates of uranium resources Known uranium reserves have been comprehensively mapped in the NEA and IAEA survey discussed above.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

As long as the survey has been carried out, the adequacy of known uranium reserves has exceeded 50 years, interest in estimating total uranium resources has been somewhat limited.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] By comparison, in 1972 the known reserves of copper would have been sufficient for 36 years, gold for 11 years, lead for 26 years, mercury for 13 years, tin for 17 years and zinc for 23 years [21].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Therefore, uranium reserves have always been known to be relatively abundant compared to consumption.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Even today, according to the joint position of Yuri Sokolov, head of the IAEA's nuclear energy division, and Luis Echávarr, NEA Director-General Luis Echávarr, enough uranium is sufficient for the future in sight [8].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Some estimates of the size of uranium resources are presented below.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

IAEA-NEA inventory The researchers responsible for the IAEA and NEA uranium inventory have estimated that recoverable uranium resources from conventional sources exceed 17 million tonnes [22].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The IAEA and NEA have further estimated phosphate deposits to contain approximately 35 million tonnes of uranium [23], which would be sufficient depending on the increase in uranium demand for around 350 to 450 years [24].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In addition to this, there are more than 4 billion tonnes of potentially recoverable unconventional sources of reserves.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[22] Stanford University Estimate Measured in the amount of available energy, or exergies, The Stanford University Climate and Energy Research Project has estimated the earth's crust to contain uranium reserves of 1,000 tsettajoules.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The exergy resources contained in uranium are about four times that of coal, nine times that of oil, and twenty times that of natural gas.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, uranium is currently used significantly less than other energy resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[25] U.S. Department of Energy Mapping The most comprehensive geological survey to date [1] of crustal uranium resources has been prepared by scientists from the United States Department of Energy at the time of the energy crisis.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The point was to explore the potential of nuclear power as a replacement for fossil fuels.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Different minerals are known to contain uranium in varying concentrations typical for each of them, based on geological studies and knowledge of their emergence.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Combining data on the prevalence of various minerals in the earth's crust on the one hand and data on their uranium concentrations on the other, an estimate of the magnitude of the world's total uranium resources was obtained.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The researchers at the Department of Energy had to rely on known deposit types in their estimates, so they could underestimate the total number of rich uranium deposits significantly if some significant hitherto unknown deposits fell outside the estimate.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, the possibility of a miscalculation is reduced by comprehensive ore-exploration flights systematically conducted from the early 60s based on soil radiation measurements.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

So it is unlikely that at least very substantial pre-unknown rich uranium deposit types will ever be discovered again.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Currently, in uranium exploration, attention is focused on deposits with more than 1000 ppm of uranium [3].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Such uranium concentrations include mainly vein-like uranium deposits, pegmatites, inconformity deposits, alluvium petrification, and sandstones.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

These deposits contain an estimated 90 million tonnes of uranium in the earth's crust.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Calculating the concentration of the deposit 2 to 10 times lower extends the total alluvium and sandstone deposits in particular by another 100 million tonnes, more than doubling said uranium reserves.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

According to volcanic deposits, the reading still lowers concentration by a one-time order, but expands assets by as much as two billion tons of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Since the annual consumption of uranium is measured in tens of thousands of tonnes, it is clear that the geological scarcity of uranium in the prospective future will not significantly limit the availability of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] The link of the price of uranium to the size of uranium resources is essential to the recoverability of the deposits is the price of uranium and the contribution available to uranium mining.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Due to the geology of uranium, a relatively small increase in the price of uranium can greatly increase economically viable uranium resources, for example, a doubling of the price leads to a tenfold increase in assets.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This should also be taken into account when assessing the adequacy of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

At more expensive prices, more resources can be consumed for mining, so the amount of available uranium increases as increasingly poorer deposits become recoverable.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Due to the very rich variety of mechanisms for uranium accumulation in deposits, uranium is a typical lognormally distributed element in the earth's crust.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Current mining is focused on ores that are profitable to exploit at the current long-term price level of approximately $25/kg of uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

When a uranium distribution curve is studied in this region, one can estimate how much the transition to poorer deposits would increase uranium resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In the accompanying figure, the distribution curve of uranium is shown on a 2-progenitor logarithmic scale.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

It has been drawn on a tangent to the area where the interest in ore exploration is currently focused.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

When calculating the slope for the tangent with respect to the step spacing of the logarithmic scale, we obtain a value of approximately +3.5.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Since on a 2-progenitor logarithmic scale, one step interval always implies a large doubling of the measured, it can be estimated that by doubling the input used for mining, the profitable uranium reserves will increase to 23.5-fold, or more than tenfold.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Further, on the basis of this estimate, uranium reserves would increase 300-fold if the price of uranium increased tenfold.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In recent years, the world price of uranium has actually increased more than tenfold [26]; if even part of that price increase is permanent, the consequence of increasing economically viable uranium resources to a whole new order of magnitude.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Mining companies have again launched uranium exploration activities around the world.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[27] Naturally, with the increase in uranium prices, the expanding ore reserve can only be exploited if the price of the energy produced does not increase unsustainably as a result.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, the share of uranium in the price of energy produced by it is quite low.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In the past couple of decades, raw uranium has accounted for about 2% of the price of nuclear electricity.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Consequently, a doubling of the price of uranium would increase the price of energy produced by roughly 2%, a tenfold increase of only about 20%.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This, too, is an overestimation of the price impact, since with further enrichment of depleted uranium and more efficient use of the fuel, a markedly smaller increase in electricity prices would be likely.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium could therefore be bought at a far higher price than today without energy prices rising nearly as much.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[3] Uranium as a by-product Even relatively poor deposits of uranium may be profitable as metal deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium is quite a typical byproduct in gold mining, for example.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Gold and uranium retrieve as heavy metals to many of the same types of minerals.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium is also used in gold exploration because it is easier to detect due to its radioactivity.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

A good example is the Witwatersrand mine in South Africa.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

During its first 60 years of operation, the mine produced mainly gold, but as the price of uranium rose in the fifties, its low-value byproduct, uranium, suddenly became a sought-after extractive [1].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Also, the world's largest known uranium deposit at Olympic Dam in Australia produces mainly copper (75% of revenues), uranium (20%), gold and silver (together 5%) being by-products [28].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The possibility of uranium recovery at the Talvivaara nickel mine is being explored in Finland.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Without recovery, uranium remains in mining wastes [29].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Phosphate deposits often contain substantial amounts of uranium due to their geological history.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Phosphates are in demand mainly as fertilizers, and until now their uranium content has mostly gone unexploited.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, as the price of uranium rises, separating it might become profitable, which would greatly increase economic uranium deposits even further.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

For example, the United States, with its current phosphate production, would be able to cover its entire nuclear fuel needs if segregation was taken.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] Uranium in Finland Finnish bedrock, together with the main part of Sweden, belongs to the Fennoscandia Shield region, where very old bedrock has been unearthed over a large area.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Very old rocks typically accumulate higher than average concentrations of uranium through the igneous rock process explained above.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The most common rock species in Finland are granites, which cover most of the bedrock area (approx.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

They normally have a uranium content of 3—10wppm, which is quite high compared to the tectonic average (4wppm).


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[30] [1] As the Fennoscandian shield resembles in many ways the geology of the world's largest uranium producing regions in Canada and Australia, there have been hopes in Finland and Sweden for the discovery of economically important uranium deposits.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Uranium mines in Finland have operated in Eno Paukkajanvaara and Askola, but the operations did not proceed beyond the test extraction when the deposits were found to be too poor.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, uranium exploration in the area around Eno continues after the Ministry of Trade and Industry granted Areva to take over the area in 2006.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[31] [32] At present there are no uranium mines operating in Finland, and no mining company has indicated its desire to establish such a thing.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Nor is a single uranium deposit known in Finland that is rich enough to establish a profitable uranium mine.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, interest in ore exploration has arisen as demand for uranium has increased and exploration in the Fennoscandia Shield region has started in Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

So far, no uranium deposits close to commercial viability have been found in the Finnish territory.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The discovery of an excavable deposit is considered to be quite unlikely and even if a rich enough deposit is found, with further research, permit processing, test excavation and construction work, it may take 20 years to produce.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The restart of uranium exploration has received plenty of public attention, although the search for uranium per se by plane, specimens collected from terrain and drilling does not really have any meaningful effects on nature or humans.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If a significant deposit were to be found, the next stage would be the test mining, which is why Finland has already been conducted at two sites in the 1950s and 1960s.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In the case of uranium, the start of actual mining would, exceptionally, require government authorization due to the nuclear energy law.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Landowners and local residents would also be consulted for the decision.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The permit is entirely discretionary, the Government has freedom under the law to refuse it as well.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[33] [31] Constraints on Utilization of uranium The theoretical limit for the utilization of uranium as an energy source is set by the amount of energy consumed in its extraction relative to the energy derived from uranium.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

As the uranium content decreases, separating it from the ore consumes more and more energy.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

According to calculations by Peter Chapman in the 1970s, when the concentration of uranium decreases to about 20 wppm, it consumes more energy to separate it than can be produced from it in a nuclear reactor.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

As uranium mining and reactor technology evolves, this limit may fall to less than 10 wppm in the future.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[19] However, such a calculation is hypothetical in nature, as currently ore exploration focuses on deposits with concentrations greater than 1000 wppm [3].


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Due to the lognormal distribution of crustal uranium concentrations, simply halving the searchable concentration to 500 wppm would increase the uranium resources of economic interest more than 10-fold.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If all deposits that are richer than 20wppm were profitable to exploit would increase uranium resources compared to current already multithousand-fold.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

If instances up to 10 wppm were profitable, the assets would grow hundreds of thousands of times larger than they are today.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Such large assets would be immense compared to humanity's entire energy consumption.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

This does not yet take into account utility reactor technology, which can increase the amount of energy from uranium to many times what is today.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In addition, in the 1990s, Japanese scientists have estimated the isolation of uranium from seawater containing 0.003 wppm to be feasible at a cost of about $250/kg, a level of which the world uranium price has already exceeded during the 2007 price spike.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[1] [34] [18] Social, ecological and political reasons may also be impeded to exploitation of uranium reserves.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Australia, for example, which is estimated to have the world's largest uranium reserves, has only three uranium mines as one of the country's main parties, the Australian Labor Party, until 2007 opposed new mining projects.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In addition, in the traditional habitation areas of the country's indigenous population, where many uranium deposits are located, indigenous people are currently able to forbid exploration and exploitation of natural resources.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

The stocks of the indigenous population have varied: in some cases a permit has been granted, in others not.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[35] [36] An example of current practice is the Kakadu National Park, where there would be very substantial additional funds near the currently operating Ranger uranium mine.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

However, their exploitation cannot begin without the permission of the aboriginal people, which so far has not been obtained by the mining company.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[37] The rising price of uranium has led mining companies to look for uranium in Finland as well.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

In the municipality of Nummi-Pusula, local residents have mainly opposed exploration due to its potential environmental impact.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[38] In Eastern Finland, attitudes have been ambivalent.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

Some municipalities, such as Kontiolahti, have welcomed the takeovers, [39] while other municipalities, such as Eno, have opposed uranium exchanges.


Question: Where does uranium occur?

Presence of uranium

[40] Sources Category:Ore Geology Category:Uranium


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō () is a martial art based on Japanese fencing.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

In Finland, kendō has been practiced since 1986.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

There were over 1000 kendō practitioners in Finland at the end of 2009 and a total of 23 kendō clubs in the 20th locality.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

In addition, the Finnish Confederation of Kendo Clubs (FKA) includes five iaidō clubs where no kendō is practiced.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The Confederation of Finnish Kendo Clubs Association is a member of SLU.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[1] Beginning of Kendō in Finland Finland The first kendō camp in Finland was organized in Porvoo in 1986 by Heiwa No Yumi (now known as the Kyūdō Society).


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Yosaiki Association.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The idea of holding the kendō camp was conceived by the porvooese Mitsuo and Tarja Takayama.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

During her school days, Tarja, the wife of Mitsuo Takayama, who practiced kendō in Japan, had become acquainted with Feliks Hoff, a kyūdō teacher who also had a 4.dan in kendō in the camps.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[2], [3] However, the first kendō clubs were established in Helsinki and Turku.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Angela Neumeister of Germany also visited the camps regularly in Finland during the late 1980s.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

In 1990, the Japanese kendō federation, ZNKR, showed Finland what was needed: the first annual kendō teacher, Tōru Takahashi (6th dan at the time), who was a kendō teacher at the Tokyo School of Music and Arts.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

He and other kendō teachers sent by the ZNKR who visited Japan significantly developed the Finnish kendō [2].


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Today, the Finnish Confederation of Kendo Clubs has 28 member clubs in 23 different locations and members in the association's clubs total about 1000 people.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Mentioned as the largest kendō city is Helsinki, where up to four Kendolion clubs operate, three of which practice all three of the Kendolito's three types of fencing, kendō, iaidō, and jōdō, and the fourth merely iaidō.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

A significant expansion kendō experienced in Finland in 1999, when operations were started in Oulu.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

From there, kendō has spread first to Kokkola, and a little later to Tornio and Kannus as well.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Tornio is reportedly home to the northernmost kendo club in the world.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō camps an important part of practice Camping is an integral part of Finnish kendō practice.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Several camps of national importance are regularly held in Finland, such as the summer Pori Jazz kendō camp held during the Pori Jazz festival, the Helsinki-kendō camp held in the autumn winter, and the Linnakendō camp aimed at the Kyū-people in early summer.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

People from all kendō clubs in Finland are seeking for these people.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō clubs also organize smaller-scale camps.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Developing in Kendō requires practice with many different people.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

This will avoid the development of harmful mannerisms.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

This is accomplished nicely in kendō camps.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō camps have often acquired teachers from abroad: especially from Japan, but also elsewhere.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Teachers often bring along their own students, who also diversify their practice in the camps.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō camps often have different themes related to kendōho and may also practice other species practiced in Finnish Kendolfederation clubs, such as ZNKR jōdō, ZNKR iaidō, or related species of koryūs.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō camps also, as a rule, hold all kendō level examinations in dan values conducted in Finland.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

In this case, a sufficient number of advanced high-dan kendō enthusiasts required for graduation have been received.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The success of the Finnish kendō national team Finland has excelled several times in international kendō competitions, although the number of people doing kendō in Finland is less than marginal compared to national sports.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[4] The abbreviations WKC and EKC in the table stand for World Kendo Championships - (Kendō World Championships) and European Kendo Championships (Kendō European Championships).


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The World Cup is held every three years.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The European Championships are held in the intervening years of the World Cup.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Each year, only either WKC or EKC competitions are held.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[2] Annual CompetitionNo.Maakaupunki Finland National Team Achievements1989EKC10.NetherlandTamsterdamFinland was admitted to the European Kendōfederation1990EKC11.Saksaberlinimarkus Frey received the Fighting Spirit award1991WKC8.Kanadatoronto1993EKC12.Finnish Turkuwomen's team won bronze with Mikko Salonen (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award1994WKC9.FranceParismen's team in the top 8 Markus Frey (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award1995EKC13.ScotlandGlasgow1996EKC14.HungarianSkolcWomen's team won gold men's team won bronze1997WKC10.Japanesewomen's team 8 among the best* Mikko Salonen (KKTI) and Susanna Porevuo (KKTI) won the Fighting Spirit award1998EKC15.SwissBaselwomen's team won silver Susanna Porevuo (KKTI) won bronze1999EKC16.FranceLourdesWomen's team won gold Outi Kärriäinen (KKTI) won bronze2000WKC11 .United StatesSanta Clara2001EKC17.ItaliaBolognanWomen's team won gold2002EKC18.FranceAntesSusanna Porevuo won silver2003WKC12.ScotlandGlasgowmikko Salonen (KKTI) in the top 8 in the men's individual championship and won the Fighting Spirit award [2] 2004EKC19.HungariBudapestMen's Team won silver, the women's team won bronze Mia Raitanen (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award2005EKC20.SwissBernmia Raitanen (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award2006WKC13.Taiwanantaipeimarkus Frey (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award2007EKC21.Portuguessabon Johanna Pitkänen (Rendaino) and Markus Lyyrtö (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award Emilia Vuorinen (KKTI) was in the top 8 in the Women's Individual Championship.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

2008EKC22.FinlandHelsinkinwomen's team won bronze.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Mia Raitanen (KKTI) in the top 8 in the Women's Individual Championship, Johanna Pitkänen (Rendaino) and Markus Frey (KKTI) received the Fighting Spirit award 2009WKC14.Brasiliasão PauloWomen's team in the top eight Mia Raitanen (KKTI) and Heini Inkinen (KKTI) received Fighting Spirit - Award2010EKC23.HungaryBrecenWomen's team won bronze Otto Seppänen (HY-kendoseura) received the Fighting Spirit award Akseli Korhonen (KKTI) men's individual race silver.2011EKC24.Polagdyniaaxeli Korhonen (KKTI) men's team race Fighting Spirit award.Sakari Jokinen (HY- kendoclub) in men's individual race Fighting Spirit prize.2012WKC15.Italianovarasakari Jokinen (HY kendoseura) in the men's individual race Fighting Spirit prize and top 16 in the men's individual race.Katja Piipponen (KKTI) in the top 16 in the women's individual race.Akseli Korhonen (KKTI) in the men's team race Fighting Spirit award.2013EKC25.German Aberlinmen's team in the top eight Sakari Jokinen (HY-kendoseura) and Otto Seppänen (Hy-kendoseura) won the Fighting Spirit awards in the men's team race.2014EKC26.20150WKC16.Japanikioo2016EKC27.2017EKC28.2018WKC17.South KoreainCheainon (* The 1997 WKC did not yet include the Women's World Cup, but instead took place separately an international women's tournament.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The race release used as a source.)


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō's Finnish Championship through time Main article: Kendo's Finnish Championships in Kendō are contested over the Finnish championships in three categories: the adult and under-18 individual categories and the five-person teams categories.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō's team swimming championship at the Team Finnish Championships is held with five-person teams, but the maximum team line-up is 7 people.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The minimum age for competitions is 16 years, but they do not have a defined kyū/dan value limit.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The matchmakers and match order must be announced before the match.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The competitions feature a pool qualifier, from which the top two in each pool advance to the playoffs.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Mixed teams and aggregate teams are allowed.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Kendō Individual Finnish Championship Kendō are eligible to participate in the Kendō Individual Finnish Championship, kendōkas in member clubs of the Confederation of Kendō Clubs who have graduated at least 1st kyūn in the FKA level examinations.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Women and men matched in the same series until 2007.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The Kendō Women's Individual Finnish Championship Kendō Women's Individual Finnish Championship has been held for people over 18 years of age since 2008.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Participants are required at least the 3rd kyū of kendō.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The Kendō Men's Individual Finnish Championship Kendō Men's Individual Finnish Championship has been held for people over 18 years of age since 2008.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Participants are required at least the 1st kyū of kendō.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The Kendō Under-18 Individual Finnish Championship qualification for the Kendō Under-18 Individual Finnish Championship are eligible to participate in FKA member clubs, on competition day, under 18 years old kendōkas without level restriction.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Boys and girls match in the same series.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Teachers sent by ZNKR to Finland, the Japanese kendō federation has maintained the practice of sending a kendō teacher from among its midst to Finland annually to guide the development of Finnish kendō.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[5] This practice originated in the late 1980s from a letter sent to ZNKR by the Finnish kendōkos requesting kendō guidance to Finland because they trained in Finland on their own without presenting or guidance.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The influence of the letter was evident as it was shown to Daishachirō Uematsu at the premises of the Japanese Kendō Federation (ZNKR), after he had received a secondment to arrive as military attaché at the Japanese Embassy in Finland in 1986.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

After the Finnish kendō came of “coming of age” after 20 years of “sensei transmission” in 2006, ZNKR ceased that activity partly due to financial and partly other reasons.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

However, in 2009, FKA got her guest again, in a long pest, a kendō teacher visiting Finland.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The support of the Japanese kendō union for the Finnish kendō ZNKR's assistance to the Finnish kendō has been very useful and fruitful.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The FKA, Finnish kendō clubs and Finnish kendō practitioners have therefore established close and warm relations with numerous teachers of the sport in Japan, made counter-visits to their training halls and even arranged private visits where a familiar teacher has travelled to Finland with his fellow teachers and some of his students to a purpose-organised camp.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

These teachers have also been successfully invited to instruct large national camps, which, due to their high-class Japanese guidance, have been transformed into international kendō camps.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

The kendō cooperation and friendship between the two countries have thus significantly deepened due to the ZNKR's “sensei transmission”.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[6] Daihachirō Uematsu — the first Japanese teacher The first kendō teacher to receive his authorization from ZNKR was Colonel Daishachirō Uematsu (5th dan at the time), who for three years taught and primed Finnish the development of kendō in his own spare time [2] Upon completion of Uematsu's deployment, the ZNKR started a program in which a kendō teacher was sent to Finland every year for about three months at a time.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

After retiring from the Japan Self-Defense Forces (General ret) and his post-service civilian work, Uematsu-sensei moved to Turku in the autumn winter of 2012.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Year Nimidan value (year in which the teacher has been based in Finland) DAN value (achieved dan value) Teacher- or Shōgō domicile visits in Finland afterward1987 1988 1989Daihachiro Uematsu6.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan KyōshimMove from Japan to Finland at the end of 2012 lived in Turku 2012-2014 and since 2014 in Helsing1990 1991 1992Tōru Takahashi7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan (November 26, 2014) KyōshitokioTokyo School of Art 2004also serves as a FIK functionar|80px1993Saburō Iwatate8.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan Hanshichiba2005 2007 2010Chiba Police, ret Iwatate directs Arman Alizad in kendō in the fifth episode of domestic reality program Kill Arman1994Shizuo Mutō7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan KyōshifukushimaFukushima Police 2006 2009Kendō World Champion 19911995Yoshifumi Ishizuka7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan Hanshiosakaosakaosaka police2012Japan champion 19851996Kōji Onda7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan KyōshitokiokioTokyo Metropolitan Police 1997Kōichirō Ōshige7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan Kyōshimiyazakimiyazaki Police 1998Wataru Kondō7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan Kyōshitokushimatokushima Police 20101999Naoya Yokoyama7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan KyōshiyokohamaMayokohama National University2000Yoriyasu Ōta7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan Kyōshiosakaosakaosaka School of Education2007 2009 2010 20122001Ryūichi Takeda7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan Kyōshiyamagatayamagata University2002, 2004 2005, 2006 2007, 2008 2009, 2010, 2011, 20142002Shin'ichi Yamagami7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan Kyōshitakamatsukagawa University2007 20092003Makoto Yagisawa7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan KyōshitokioJapan Physical School20072004Kimiharu Iwakiri7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 8. dan (May 1, 2014) KyōshichibaInternational Budō Higher Education 20082005Toshinobu Sakai7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan KyōshitSukubatsukuba University 2009 authored the book 2006 (spring) Hisaya Yoshino7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan RenshichiBachiban Police 2006 (fall) Toshiyuki Hara 7. dan 7. dan KyōshitokioJapan Police Agency Imperial Japanese Bodyguard Guard2009 Seiji Hashimoto a.k.a.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

“Seppo Hassinen” 7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan Kyōshiokayamaokayama police2010 Mutsushi Kadota7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan KyōshimatsuyamaeHime police2011 Hideo Natsumeda7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan 7. dan the coach of Kyōshihihiroshimahimahiroshima Police kendō team2012Yoichi Shigetomi7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan Kyōshitoyama in PoliceFinland from March 2012 to early June 20122013Kubo Takanori7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan Kyōshihyogon Police Coaches in Finland from 23.1—17 April 2013 2014Kazuhiko Shimohashi7.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

dan Kyōshikagoshima Police Coaches in Finland during 29.1—.April.2014 Tōru Takahashi Takahashi was born in Ōita Prefecture in 1950.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

He studied at the Tokyo Educational College (today the University of Tsukuba), founded in 1872, and earned a bachelor's degree there in 1973 and a master's degree in 1976.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

He studied kendō in his master's thesis, and was an assistant professor at the Tokyo School of Art from 1994 and professor since 2002 [7] As coach of the Finnish kendō national team, he was a kendō at the Eurooman Championship in Berlin, Germany in 1990 and at the World Kendō Championships in Berlin, Germany in 1990 and at the World Kendō Championships 1991 in Toronto, Canada.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

[7] Evolution of members of the Finnish kendo federation The staggering growth in the number of enthusiasts in 2004 must be understood with the interest in samurai culture sparked by the Last Samurai film.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Also, according to the narration of those starting in undergraduate courses, parts I, II, and III of the Star Wars film have had a clear impact on interest in kendō.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

Also notable is the fact that most of the new trainees have remained in the sport.


Question: Is kempo a different species than kendō?

Kendō in Finland

(The FKA membership method includes the current year's basic course students also included in the current year's membership count.)