Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen worked for the International Department of the Comintern 1926—1934 and was in Germany for anti-fascist activities 1932—1933.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

At the Lenin School, she used the name Greta Kraft and in the Nordic positions of the International Department of the Comintern the name Iris Pettersson.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Underground life and imprisonment in Finland Hertta Kuusinen secretly came to Finland under the name of Iris Pettersson in the spring of 1934.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] He only had time to be in the country for a couple of weeks when he got caught.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[3] In October 1934, the Turku Court of Appeal sentenced Kuusinen to four months imprisonment for mistaking the authorities and four years and eight months in a discipline room for preparation of state fraud.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The verdict attracted attention abroad, too: it was harsh and there were only suspicions, not evidence, of unlawful conduct.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen was in prison in Turku and Hämeenlinna and was released in spring 1939.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] While in prison, he wrote letters, memoirs, prose and poetry, read and painted, and learned new languages.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen already knew Swedish, German and Russian and was now learning English, Spanish and French.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] After his release, Kuusinen met Yrjö Leino, who was also a communist.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

They fell in love and went into hiding during the Winter War together so as not to get arrested again.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

After the war, Kuusinen was in contact with his father, the activities of SKP were revived and the Free Sana magazine was established.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Leino was arrested by Valpo in December 1940 and was imprisoned.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[4] Kuusinen was captured on June 18, 1941, just before the German invasion of the Soviet Union.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] In autumn 1941, Leino was transferred to Riihimäki for military training.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

He was to be sent to the front — happy to die there — but at Riihimäki station he escaped the train.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Leino was in hiding in Helsinki for the duration of the Continuation War.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[4] Kuusinen was in protective custody in Hämeenlinna from June 1941 to September 1944.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] Reich politics After the war, communist activities were allowed in Finland.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen was one of Finland's leading communists.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Leino and he were the party's natural leaders: Leino became minister in 1945, and when he resigned in 1948, Kuusinen became minister without portfolio.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[5] They were married 1945—1950, during which time Herta's surname was Six-Leino.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] The spruce became a symbol of communism and popular democracy for both supporters and opponents.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

After the wars, he also toured the country and was among the movement's most prominent speakers and performers.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] Kuusinen became a member of the Central Committee of the SKP in 1944.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The Free Sana magazine was re-established after the war, and he was its political editor from 1944—1946.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

He also wrote pachinas under the pseudonym “Ordinary Man” for magazines.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen became known to a wide audience for the 1945—1949 radio programme Miniature Parliament, in which party representatives debated current affairs.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] The representatives of the other five sides in the program were all men.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen received a lot of admirer and hate mail from the programme.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] Early in his political career, Kuusista supported the Helsinki chief of Soviet foreign intelligence, Yelisei Sinitsyn, whom Kuusinen met every day.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen's most prominent political role was his father, Otto Wille Kuusinen, who influenced the activities of SKP, particularly through his daughter.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Otto Wille Kuusinen gave Hertta Kuusinen instructions face to face, by letter and telephone.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] Political career In the first post-war parliamentary elections in 1945, Kuusinen was elected MP from the SKDL list.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] She was chairman of the Committee on Education 1945—1946 and at the same time the first woman to chair a parliamentary committee.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[6] In 1948, Kuusinen served as Finland's second Minister for Women, after Miina Sillanpää.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen held two functions in Pekkala's government: from 26 May to 4 June, he was Minister without Portfolio and from 4 June to 29 July, Minister in the Prime Minister's Office.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen was chairman of the SKDL parliamentary group 1945—1966.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

During the 1950s and 1960s, he was a strong leader of his parliamentary group, who had a significant influence in driving social and civilisational reforms.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

She was involved in pushing through child benefit reform, equal pay, a reduction in the working week and maternity leave.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen received 58770 votes in the 1948 parliamentary election.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The figure is not comparable to later vote totals, as the electoral system changed in 1970.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The figure was the highest number of votes received by a parliamentary election candidate until the 2007 parliamentary election, when Sauli Niinistö received 60563 votes.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen is still the second parliamentary election candidate with the highest number of votes ever (see


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

a list of voting rakes in parliamentary elections).


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[7] He was a Presidential Elector for the elections of 1950, 1956, 1962 and 1968.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen was a member of Helsinki City Council 1947—1950, 1954—1957 and 1960—1964.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] From 1952 to 1958, Kuusinen was General Secretary of the SKDL and 1958—1969 Vice-President.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

He was Vice Chairman of the Executive Board of the Finnish Group of the Interparliamentary Union.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen was a member of the Central Board of the Suomi—Soviet Society from 1944 to 1974.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] She became a member of the Federal Commission of the Finnish Women's Democratic League in 1944, and from 1969 to 1974 she was president of the Women's International Democratic League.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] As president, Kuusinen pushed for women in developing countries in particular.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

While carrying out the position, he lived on several occasions in East Berlin.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] From the second half of the 1960s onwards, there were divisions within the SKP, which came to a head in 1968 when the party's political committee disapproved of the occupation of Czechoslovakia.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

There was a visible minority in the party who supported the occupation and in the party assembly in 1969 the party split in two.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Unlike most of his other old comrades, Kuusinen sided with the majority.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[3] Aarne Saarinen considered it a personal victory that Kuusinen continued in the political committee of the party.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] For the last years Kuusinen continued to work until the end of his life.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] He was an MP until 1972, when he was appointed honorary chairman of the SKP.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] In 1974, Kuusinen travelled to Moscow to receive treatment for his advanced illness.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[3] He died there on 18 March 1974 and was buried at Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The ashes were sprinkled behind the urn grove so that Kuusinen did not receive an identifiable burial site.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Private life Almost all of Kuusinen's Finnish-born acquaintances in Moscow died in Stalin's persecutions, including his brother, brother's wife, sister's first and second husband, and uncle.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

However, this did not shake Kuusinen's firm faith in the Soviet Union and communism.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen was married between 1923 and 1933 to Tuure Lehén.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The marriage ended in divorce.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

One child was born from the marriage, son Yrjö (Yuri, Juraj, Jurkka), in 1924.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

George died of pneumonia during the war in 1942.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen's relatives did not want to tell him that the boy was dead, so Kuusinen didn't find out about it until the spring of 1945.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen and Yrjö Leino were married 1945—1950.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Leino has said he suffered a non-profit collapse.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen had difficulties with the conflict between her husband and her party, and after becoming minister in 1948 she moved out of their shared home.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[4] Kuusinen and Olavi Paavolinen became life partners in 1952.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] The relationship was not public.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[1] Kuusinen would have wanted to marry, but as SKP's inner circle did not think it was appropriate, the union was never formalised.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Kuusinen and Paavolainen lived together until Paavolainen's death in 1964.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[3] From his years in prison, Kuusinen had around him an inner circle of close women, about whom he planned to write memoirs.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

The inner circle included Kuusinen's mother Saima Kuusinen, fellows Martta Koskinen, Aili Mäkinen, Kaisu-Mirjami Rydberg and Hella Wuolijoki, and musician Lilly Kajanus-Blenner.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[2] Kuusinen in fiction, Heidi Köngäs has written Hertta Kuusinen's novel Hertta (Otava, 2015) and directed and scripted the television play Red Triangle on the same theme.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

[8] Works Hertta Kuusinen works: [1] Hertta Kuusinen, Markku Böök.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Emmi and moose, 1. p.1952, 2nd new.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

facility.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

in 1977.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Folk culture.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

ISBN 951-615-152-3.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Seasonal storms — letters, poems and prose from the 1930s-60s, ed.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Marja-Leena Mikkola.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Folk Culture, 1975.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

ISBN 951-615-092-6 (nid.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

), ISBN 951-615-093-4 (sid.).


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Hamlet my friend — letters to Olavi Paavolainen, edited by Marja-Leena Mikkola.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Jan., 1999.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

ISBN 951-31-1429-5.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Sources Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Leino, Be| title = One more letter — Hertta Kuusinen dramatic life and love of George Leinoon| others = Translated by Eeva Heikkinen| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1990| isbn = 951-0-16575-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Polttila, Brita| title = Hertta Kuusinen — human road| location = Helsinki| publisher = January| year = 1975| version = 2nd edition 1976| isbn = 951-30-3128-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heidi Köngäs| title = Hearts.


Question: Where was Hertta Kuusinen born?

Hertta Kuusinen

Novel| publisher = Otava| year = 2015| isbn = 978-951-1-28991-3}} On topic elsewhere Category:People affected by SKDL Category:Persons influenced by SKDL (1918—1990) Category:General Secretaries of the Finnish People's Democratic League Category:Finnish People's Democratic League ministers Category:People born in 1904 Class:Persons who died in 1974 Category:Key articles of screening Category:99.3 Social representatives


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A motorway is a road for rapid movement solely for motor vehicle traffic.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

On the freeway, the different directions of travel are physically separated, and the freeway does not intersect on the same plane with other thoroughfares.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The motorway practically always has at least two driving lanes in both directions and intersections with other roads have been implemented at interchanges.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The world's first motorway was completed in 1924 to Italy between Milan and Varese.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The first highways in Germany and the United States were built in the 1930s


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In actual terms, however, the construction of motorways did not get off the ground until after World War II.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Finland's first motorway was completed in 1962 between Munkkiniemi in Helsinki and Gumböle in Espoo.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Definition of motorway In the 1968 International Convention on Road Traffic, the so-called Vienna Road Traffic Agreement, a motorway is defined as follows: From the last point, it is incurred that a road that meets all the requirements for the motorway but which is not marked as a motorway by road signs, is not a motorway.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

So, for example, Itäväylä, the initial part of Hämeenlinnanvää from The Haaga to Kehä III, and part of Kehä I with dual carriageways and interchanges resemble motorways but are not marked as motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Although it is not directly prescribed by the road contract, there are mostly at least two lanes on the motorway in both directions.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highways are also always duration-paved.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The exact definition of a motorway and the technical requirements for highways vary somewhat from country to country.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Traffic rules to be followed on motorways Also, traffic rules followed on motorways vary somewhat from country to country.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, the Road Traffic Agreement [1] provides for some general principles: The use of the road is prohibited for pedestrians, animals and vehicles who cannot reach the specified speed on a flat road.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Stopping and parking on a motorway for no compelling reason is prohibited.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Doing a U-turn is forbidden.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highways typically have a speed limit of 80 to 130 kilometres per hour.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Germany, some of the motorways have no speed limits at all.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Finland, only a motor vehicle with a maximum permissible or design speed exceeding 50km/h is allowed on motorway.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[2] Since not all vehicles can use the motorway, it must also have a parallel connection.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A frequent parallel connection is the so-called old road, which has been the main road before the freeway was completed.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A parallel connection can also run on the downtown street network.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In countries where motorways or some of them are tolled, parallel access is usually free of charge.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highways in Finland Finland is a sparsely populated country and traffic volumes are generally small.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Therefore, it has not been necessary to build a comprehensive motorway network similar to that in Germany, for example.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

At the beginning of 2018, there were 893 km of motorways in Finland.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[3] The longest continuous motorways are the section between Vantaa and Ylöjärvi on highway 3, the Helsing-Turku section on highway 1, the Helsing-Hamina section on highway 7 and the Helsing-Heinola section on highway 4.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Other highways tend to be short stretches in major cities.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

There is also a freeway along Highway 9 for about 130 kilometres on a total of six sections separate from each other.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The definition of a motorway in Finnish legislation follows the definition of the Vienna Road Traffic Agreement: Almost all motorways in Finland are 2+2 lanes: there are several lanes in the Helsinki and Tampere regions, as well as Turku, Lahti, Hyvinkää and Akaa.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In addition, there is a parallel ramped section in Kotka.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Only the widest section of motorways defined by law is on road 51 in Espoo, where the road with parallel ramps reaches a total of 12 lanes.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Parallel ramp sections exist only on Kantatie 51 in Westend in Espoo, Highway 3 in Tampere Lakalaiva and Highway 7 in Karhula, Kotka.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Without taking into account parallel ramps, the widest sections are on Highway 1 in Espoo Leppävaara, Highway 4 in Viikki in Helsinki, road 45 in Pakila in Helsinki and Tikkurila in Vantaa, and on road 51 from Espoo between Haukilahti and Westend, which are all 4+4 lane sections.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Parallel ramps are generally intended to separate mixing areas of local and long-distance traffic on busy stretches of road.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Specific requirements for road geometry, interchange and other technical characteristics are imposed on motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

On just under two-thirds of highways, the speed limit is 120 kilometres per hour.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

On other highways, the limit is usually 100 kilometres per hour, sometimes lower than this as well.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In winter, the speed limit is no more than 100 kilometres per hour on all highways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highways are divided into four categories based on their significance: [4] Category A comprises national motorway sections with rural sections.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The speed limit is usually 120km/h.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Category B includes national motorway sections on bypass sections of urban agglomerations.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The speed limit is between 100 and 120km/h.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Category C comprises motorways (1st class urban motorways) serving as a trunk road in urban urban areas.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The speed limit is 80—100km/h.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Category D comprises motorways that serve as a feeder ring for city centres, integral to the built-up structure and do not have transit traffic (2nd class urban motorways).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The speed limit is usually 80km/h.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Classification relates mainly to road planning and there is no way to mark the class on the road by road signs.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

On lower-class highways, the technical requirements for the road are not so strict.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The name urban motorway is also sometimes used for motorway roads, e.g. Perimeter III, which, however, are not motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Finland, a parallel road running parallel to a motorway is usually a sub-regional road.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A parallel connection can also run on the downtown street network.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Building and impacts of motorways When deciding on the construction of a motorway, the solution is made on the basis of factors such as traffic volumes, road safety, community structure and environmental considerations.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In general, the construction of a motorway may be justified if the average traffic volume exceeds 15000 vehicles per day, [5] although the construction of a motorway always requires a closer examination of the hourly variation and composition of traffic.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[6] In terms of road safety, motorways have the advantage of the absence of opposite-directional and intersecting traffic, eliminating encounter and crossing accidents almost completely.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

On the other hand, higher speeds increase the number of derailment accidents.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Due to high volumes of traffic, the risk of rear-end accidents also increases, although this is not directly related to road type but more to traffic volumes regardless of road type.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Statistically, fewer fatal accidents and other personal injury accidents occur on highways relative to traffic volumes than other roads.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[7] The environmental impact of motorways is twofold: on the one hand, motorways streamline traffic and allow steady speeds, which may reduce exhaust emissions, at least in the short term.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, motorways also decentralise the community structure and generate traffic when, for example, work is possible for longer periods, thus increasing air pollution.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In addition, motorways take up a lot of space compared to other types of roads, and buildings often need to be demolished under motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Admittedly, the latter problem can be countered by planning for a sufficiently long term.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The Transportation Agency has developed a central railed motorway that lacks the traditional wide green lane between carriageways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Today, a through road similar to the Hämeenlinna motorway, which was built in the 1960s, would hardly be built anymore through the city centre.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A shopping centre is currently under construction in Hämeenlinna on top of the motorway as well as street connections, the obstacle effect will also be reduced.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Lauttasaari also has a concrete deck planned on top of the highway in Lauttasaari on which housing would come.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Noise caused by high traffic volumes and high speeds adversely affects the environment, which can be countered by noise barriers, fences and railings.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highways also create a barrier effect, which can be countered by building greenbacks and flyovers and tunnels, for example.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Finland, the cost of building a motorway is on average between 3 and 5 million euros per kilometer [8], although the cost varies from case to case: bridges and especially tunnels increase road prices.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

List of motorways in Finland Listed below are Finnish motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[9] If a motorway section is part of several roads, this is noted at the end of the line.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highway 1 Helsinki—Turku (length 165km) [10] Highway 2 Palojärvi, Vihti (length 1km, joins another motorway) Highway 3 Vantaa—Hämeenlinna—Tampere—Ylöjärvi (length 180km, partly shared with highway 9) Helsingby, Mustatasaari—Vaasa (length 15km, part joint Highway 8) Highway 4 Helsinki—Lahti—Lusi, Heinola (length 140km, partly shared with highway 7) Vaajakoski—Jyväskylä (length 6km, shared with highways 9, 13 and 23) Jyväskylä — Kirri (length 5km, joint with highway 13) Huutionmäki, Äänekoski (length 3km) Haaranilta, Liminka—Kello, Oulu (length 30km) Maksniemi, Simo—Kemi—Keminmaa (length 21km) Highway 5 Lusi, Heinola (4,3km) Humalajoki—Kuopio—Siilinjärvi (length 47km, partly shared with highway 9) Highway 6 Strawberry — Käpykangas— Imatra (length 10,4km) Käpykangas— Niittylahti, Joensuu (length 14 km, shared with highway 9).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Highway 7 Tatttarisuo, Helsinki—Kotka—Vaalimaa (length 173km, partly shared with Highway 15) Highway 8 Turku—Nousiainen (length 20km) Mustatasaari—Vaasa (14km, partly shared with Highway 3) Highway 9 Turku—Lieto as.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

(length 13km) Järviö—Konho, Akaa (length 1,2km) Konho-Lakalaiva— (length 32 km, shared with highway 3) Lakalaiva—Atala, Tampere (length 11km) Pukinniitty—Pumperi, Jyväskylä (length 4,8km) Vaajakoski—Jyväskylä (length 6 km, common highways 4, 13 and 23 with) Hop River- Kuopio-Vuorela (length 34 km, common share with highway 5) Ylämylly—Niittylahti, Joensuu (26 km, common share with highway 6 14 km and 11 km with highway 23) Highway 12 Tampere—Nokia (length 8.2km) Highway 25 Lohja, (length 1km, joins another motorway) Highway 29 Keminmaa—Tornio (length 14km) Kantatie 45 Helsinki—Ruotsinkylä, Tuusula (length 17.9km) Kantatie 51 Helsinki—Kirkkonummi (length 27km) Yhtetie 3495 Viinikka—Lakalaiva (Tampere Southern Entrance Road, length 2km) Yhtetie 6018 Jyväskylä (Jyväskylä — Vaajakoski motorway Jyväskylä, length 0,5km) The construction of Finland's first motorway, Helsinki Eastern Motorway (part of present-day Itäväkylä), started in 1950 on the Kulosaari Bridge.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The bridge and section through Kulosaari to Herttoniemi were opened in 1957 and a short section at Herttoniemi was completed in 1962 [11].


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The road is similar to a motorway (interchanges, separated carriageways), but does not fully meet the existing quality requirements for the motorway (there are bus stops, acceleration lanes very short, etc.).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Finland's first actual motorway, Tarvontie (now.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Turunväylä), began to be built in 1956 between Munkkiniemi in Helsinki and Gumböle in Espoo.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The road was commissioned in 1962.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Over the next ten years, a large number of short motorway sections were built in Finland near major cities, especially Helsinki.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[12] In the order, the following motorways were completed in 1963 to Highway 8 from Turku to Raisio and the 1964 Hämeenlinna bypass to highway 3.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

1968 completed the motorway Lempääläntie from Tampere to Lempäälän Kulju.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Helsinki Helsinki, Lahdenväylä was first completed in 1967 from Old Town to Viikki, from where it was extended to Tattariharju in 1971 and Järvenpää in 1974.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The first section of Porvoonväylä was completed in 1972.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Compared to what is now, highways were generally aligned to run from a considerable close proximity to the city centre.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

During the 1960s, three sections parallel to the city centre were built; in Hämeenlinna, highway 3 was built to run as a motorway through the centre, as was Highway 7 to Karhula city centre in present-day Kotka as well as motorway but not fully meeting current motorway standards Passage of Rovaniemi on highway 4.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A motorway was also planned in Jyväskylä and Tampere just off the centre.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Jyväskylä, the road would have started from Keljo, running between Hippos and the university, beyond Harju and along Rajakata to Taulumäki.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[13] It was possible to implement a 1.8 kilometre-long section of the planned road to the south of the centre.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

After the plans changed, the road has been classified as a regular road and is now called Länä-Päijänteentie, thus Finland's only discontinued motorway.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In Tampere, the road that bisects the centre would have run from Ratina to Lielahti.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

A tunnel would have been built in Pyynikki and the terrain in Pispala was leveled with a cross-country cut.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In the 1960s and 1970s, a motorway was planned in Helsinki from Länväkylä Ruoholahti through the centre to Sörnäinen in Itäväkylä.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

It would have run in the shaft of the harbour track from Ruoholahti to Parliament House and continued east of Mannerheimintie through Kaisaniemi Park to the North Shore and further along the Sörnäinen boardwalk to Itäväylä.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

There were also plans for a motorway next to the railway line, Liberty Street, from central Helsinki to Pasila.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Many variations of the plans were put forward, many of which would have required the demolition of several historic buildings.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

According to some later plans, the freeway leading through the centre would be built in its entirety as an underground tunnel.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

According to the plans, among other things, the Northern Shore would have been motorway level, and the current Mallaskatu Tunnel was intended to be the southern ramp of the Länväkylä branch running along Hietalahti beach.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

For the first time motorways were proposed for the Helsinki city area already in the Kråkströmin-Lindegren plan of 1954.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

As a result of the first oil crisis, the construction of motorways was greatly reduced, but because the effects of the crisis were visible in Finland somewhat later than other European states; for example, the 23 km motorway between Sipoo Massby and Porvoo was completed in 1979.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Many motorway lanes with interchanges were also built in major cities, including Hämeenlinnanväylä from The Hague to Kehä III in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area 1975-1977, among others.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Green motorway road signs were introduced in 1982.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[14] In the late 1980s, on the basis of the new economic outlook, it began to design new motorways again on a large scale, and with the coming into the 1990s, longer sections of motorway began to be built.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

First, a motorway was built from Vantaa to Hämeenlinna in 1988-1992 and later on to Lempäälä in 2000.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The motorway section of Lahdenvää (highway 4) was extended from Järvenpää first to Lahti and later to Heinola in 2005.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The most recently completed motorways include Highway 7 from Helsinki to Hamina (2015) and further from Hamina to Vaalimaa (2018).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Finland committed to building the entire E18 road between Turku and Vaalimaa as a motorway by 2018.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[15] The sections of the E18 road on Kehä III and the Turku Ring Road will not be signposted as motorways, although they will be upgraded to motorway levels in all respects.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The table at the end of the article lists the motorway sections in Finland by year of completion.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The future of Finland's motorways The table below lists the motorway projects to be implemented in the next few years.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[16] [17] In addition, some motorway sections were still built in major urban areas, but otherwise the construction of highways is likely to decline.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Instead, the Transportation Agency will focus on improving the main road network with lighter solutions, such as building midrailed bypass lanes.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The proposal of a Task Force of the Ministry of Transport and Communications for a trunk road network, completed in 2006, envisages the construction of a total of 240 km of motorways for the proposed trunk road network by 2030.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[8] Between 1990 and 2013, 595 km of new motorways have been completed.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[18] [19] On the other hand, 2+2 lanes, practically motorway lanes such as the Luumäki-Imatra road section, will be built roughly the same, including between Kangasala and Orivesi and Lauka and Äänekoski.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

[17] In Finland, the definition of motorway is very strict and, like the aforementioned section of Highway 6 or Rehä III, there are many road sections in Finland which in many other European countries would be defined directly as motorways.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

History of highways in the rest of the world United States The world's oldest actual freeway Automobilisation progressed fastest in the United States and there state and federal road administrations began building highways mostly for urban commuter rail in the 1920s halfway through.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, until the end of the 1930s they were generally short and single carriageway, known as motor transport roads.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

After the Depression period in the 1930s, public power would rather invest in more employable projects rather than building roads.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The oldest freeway in the world, subsequently partially demolished and partially converted into parkland, was the six-lane West Side Elevated Highway in New York City, the first sections of which were completed between 1929 and 1930.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Development of interurban motorways began in the United States in the 1930s when private companies built a few toll automobile only roads.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Of these, too, the first served only commuter rail lines to major cities.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Such was apparently the world's first actual freeway built between 1914 and 1925 on the Bronx River Parkway in New York City (25km).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, it was designed for a speed of only 40 kilometres per hour, which admittedly was quite adequate for 1910s cars in mind.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Toll urban commuter motorways built in the 1930s included the Henry Hudson Parkway in New York City in 1934 (16km), the Merrit Parkway in Boston in 1940 (60km), and the Arroyo Seco Parkway in Los Angeles in 1940 (15km).


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, due to the clammy attitude adopted by the federal government for building highways, the United States had already fallen behind Germany, where construction of a unified highway network had begun in 1933.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In the United States, freeways were sporadic and there was no overall plan, although car traffic there was many times that of Europe.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Freeway in the United States from highways are used for historical reasons with a variety of designations.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The oldest of the designations is Parkway (Parkway), which meant roads built in urban parks, which were intended to serve before the rest of the leisure movement of urban dwellers into the countryside.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The generic name was defined in 1930 as Freeway (Freeway), which meant a road that was free of intersections, light traffic, and pedestrians and thus allowed traffic to flow freely.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

First Interurban Motorway in the United States The first actual interurban freeway in the United States was the 160-mile (257km) long Pennsylvania Turnpike, built in 1935—40.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The road, made with private funding, relayed traffic across the Appalachian Mountains from the direction of Pittsburgh toward the East Coast.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Significantly, there was no major city near either terminus of the road; its only function was to speed up and ease traffic across the mountainous area.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Construction was facilitated and costs reduced by the fact that it could exploit sections of the railway which remained unfinished and nearly finished tunnels.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Construction of the Interstate highway network The federal attitude towards interurban highways began to change in the late 1930s.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Particularly getting acquainted with the German motorway network helped to understand its economic and military importance.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

In the United States, it was determined that it would not be possible to achieve a unified highway network through private funding and only by state action.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The federal government began planning for a nationwide freeway barrier in 1941 and in 1944 a plan was adopted to build a 65,000 mile long highway network under federal guidance and support, The Federal-Aid Highway Act.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

However, World War II delayed the start of its implementation.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

It was not until 1947 that construction of some sections of road was initiated, but spending on the Korean War, which broke out just three years later, forced the federal government to cut road appropriations again.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

States were not willing to fund roads serving non-local transportation needs.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The federal contribution was also understated.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 thus did not yet result in the desired outcome.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Dwight D. Eisenhower, who became president in 1953, had seen the value of German highways in practice while serving as commander-in-chief of Allied forces during World War II.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

He had become an ardent supporter of motorway construction and, by his order, the 1944 plan was thoroughly overhauled in 1956.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The new Federal-Aid Highway Act initiated the construction of the 66,000 kilometre freeway network as federal funding accounted for 90% of expenditure.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

For funding, steps were taken to tax fuels.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The United States highway system is officially referred to as The Eisenhower Interstate System.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The plan period was 20 years, meaning the network was to be ready in 1975.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Implementation started at a rapid pace: in the first five years, i.e. by 1961, about 9000 km of new highway had been built, and the total length of the Interstate network was already 16000 km, after previously built public and toll roads were connected to the system.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Since the mid-1970s, construction of highways has continued such that in 2000 the total length of highways in the United States was already nearly 90,000 miles.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Sweden Europe's first urban motorway was completed in 1943 as Söderleden across southern Stockholm.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Later the section is tunneled.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The first rural motorway, which is not considered an actual motor road today, was completed in the late 1940s near Gothenburg.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Europe's first complete interchange Slussen was also completed in Stockholm as early as 1935.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The then rural section from Malmö to Lund was completed as early as 1952-1953, when Britain, for example, had not even put the first to the structures.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

The Germany Autobahn is a German concept roughly equivalent to a motorway.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Motorway standards abroad See also Motorway Traffic Road Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Traffic and Fairways I| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Association of Civil Engineers RIL r.y.| year = 2005| id = RIL 165-1.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISBN 951-758-459-8.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISSN 0356-9403}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Traffic and Fairways II| location = Helsinki| publisher = Association of Finnish Civil Engineers RIL r.y.| year = 2006| id = RIL 165-2.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISBN 951-758-464-4.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISSN 0356-9403}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Highways differential interfaces.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Part A| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tielaitos, Development Centre| year = 1994| id = TIEL 2130009.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISBN 951-47-6844-2| format = [online version] (PDF) | accessdate=23.9.2007}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Highways interfaces.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Part B| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tielaitos, Development Centre| year = 1993| id = TIEL 2130008.


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

ISBN 951-47-6843-4| format = [online version] (PDF) | accessdate = 23.9.2007}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Castrén, Sampo & Wicker, Ances| title = Monoa for highways!


Question: Where was Finland's first motorway?

Motorway

Pamphlet against the further construction of motorways | location = Helsinki| publisher = Like| year = 2003| id = ISBN 952-471-092-7}} On the subject elsewhere The locations of the ends of motorway sections are mentioned in parentheses.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Jean Marie Untinen-Auel (born February 18, 1936, Chicago, Illinois, United States), internationally named Jean M. Auel, is an American author of Finnish ancestry who is the author of the Children of the Earth book series set in pre-glacial prehistoric Europe.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Personal History Jean Auel's books in Finnish also use his own surname, as all his grandparents were Finnish emigrants.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Auel has been married to Ray Auel since 1954, and they have five children.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Jean Auel worked as a chancellor in the 1960s, and after completing an MBA as an adult student, he was promoted to chief credit officer at the company.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

After completing his studies, he resigned from his job and, looking for a new job, got the idea of writing a short story about prehistory.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

[1] Her novel about Ayla girl's struggle to survive among Neanderthal people expanded into a series of books in which six volumes have appeared.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

This Children of the Earth series has sold more than 30 million copies and has been translated into 28 languages.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Based on the first part of the series, Clan of the Cave Bear, a film was also made in 1986.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

However, the writer himself was unhappy with the execution of the film, in which Daryl Hannah played the lead, bought himself back the film rights for the other parts of the series and has not entered into any contracts for them.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

[2] Auel has received several literary awards, and the Cave Bear Clan was nominated for the American Book Award for Best Pre-Work.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Auel is an honorary doctorate of four universities.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

General about the works Clan of the Cave Bear surprised readers by giving a very true-to-life view of the lives of Neanderthal people.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Although many interpretations were based on the author's own reflection, he had conducted broad-based research in the area of archaeology.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

In order to gain firsthand experience, the author took a course in survival skills, where he learned how to make fire and tools like the Stone Age, and to live in nature in winter conditions.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

As the book prospered, Jean Auel's opportunities to conduct research continued to improve, and now he was also able to visit the prehistoric sites and universities of his books.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Thus, as the book series progresses, many descriptions of nature, people, and events are grounded in scientific research.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

The events of the series are set in an ice age around 30,000 years ago, when populations were small and livelihood was based on hunting and gathering.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Metal processing had not yet been invented, so the implements were made mainly of flint.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Many readers of the Children of the Earth series feel that the author has, in the last works, perhaps too focused on bringing out anthropological authenticity and botanical accuracy, but still a continuation of the book series is expected all over the world.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

[3] The highly anticipated closing part of the series, “Land of Painted Caves” (The Land of Painted Caves), was released worldwide on 29 March 2011.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

The release took place in at least the United States, Britain, Germany, France, Holland, Spain, Italy, Serbia, Croatia, Norway, Denmark, Japan, Sweden and Finland.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Part 6 of the series continues the story of Ayla, her partner Jondalar and their little Jonayla daughter.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Ayla gets to experience the challenges of motherhood and acting as a tribal healer.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

[4] Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Clan of the Cave Bear | publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version = (The Clan of the Cave Bear, 1980.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Erkki Hakala.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

18. Revised edition| id = ISBN 951-0-26758-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Valley of Horses| publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version = (The Valley of Horses, 1982.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Erkki Hakala.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

15. revised edition| id = ISBN 951-0-26759-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Mammoth Hunters | publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version=( The Mammoth Hunters, 1985.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Erkki Hakala.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

7. revised edition| id = ISBN 951-0-26760-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Plain Wanders| publisher = WSOY| year = 2011| version = (The plains of passage, 1990.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Tiina Ohinmaa, Aulis Rantanen, Kirsti Kattelus.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

4. revised edition| id = ISBN 951-0-26761-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Protectors of Caves| publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| version = (The Shelters of Stone, 2002.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Ulla Selälä and Ilkka Ärelä| id = ISBN 951-0-26756-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Land of Painted Caves | publisher = WSOY| year = 2011| version = (The Land of Painted Caves, 2011.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Hilkka Pekkanen| id = ISBN 978-951-0-36599-1}} Other literature Preface to Adrian Lister and Paul Bahn's book Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Mammoths: Ice Age Giant| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2000| version = (Mammoths — Giants of the Ice Age, 2007.)


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

English. Arja Hokkanen| id=ISBN 951-0-25064-3}} Sources Elsewhere Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Leena Peltonen:.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Time Machine 1/1991.


Question: When was Jean M. Auel born?

Jean M. Untinen-Auel

Untinen-Auel, Jean M. Untinen-Auel, Jean M. Untinen-Auel, Jean M. Untinen-Auel, Jean M. Untinen-Auel, Jean M.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The history of settlements in Finland is an interpretation of how people have spread across the territory of present-day Finland and what population changes have occurred in the region at different times.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Population history can be clarified by combining studies from archaeology, linguistics, history, paleoecology and population genetics.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Information is available only from the period after the last ice age, since the Ice Age has eradicated all archaeological remains older than that.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[1] Settlement history also wants to emphasise the national identity of Finns by demonstrating their long-term residence in Finnish territory.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[2] Theories about the origin of the Finns speak a Finno-Ugric language, and the language relates them to the Finno-Ugric peoples living in the south and east.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

From its old age, it was thought that the Finns have left the Volga bend region around 2500 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

moving towards Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[3] Archaeology and genetics have not accepted the idea, but have since the 1960s emphasised the continuity of settlement, according to which Finland has been uninterruptedly inhabited since the end of the Ice Age.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Linguists have brought up evidence opposing continuity theory in recent years.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Some of them support the idea that there were Sami and Germans in Finland even before the coming of the Finns, which would have occurred at the beginning of the Iron Age.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Finnish language may therefore have come from a bend in the Volga, although the Finnish population apparently does not originate there.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[4] A Finnish study published in 2008 revealed major differences in the lineage of Eastern and Western Finns.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

According to the study, East and West Finns differ more genetically than English from Germans.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The cause of large differences is considered isolation.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The genetic roots of Finns lie mainly in Central Europe, according to the study.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[5] However, Eastern Finns do not appear to be any closer to Russians than Western Finns, but quite the opposite: the genetic FST distance of Western Finns to both Russians and Swedes is about 30, Eastern Finns to both about 70.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Finns from different parts of the country may therefore be genetically farther apart at present levels than people from different parts of Europe.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The closest genetic relatives of Finns are Estonians and Swedes.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Indirectly from the same accounts, it can be concluded that Finns are genetically different from the Sami.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[4] Mesolithic and Neolithic period of the Stone Age The first humans arrived in Finland around the 8850s before the beginning of the period.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

When the first inhabitants arrived, Northern Finland was still covered with ice year-round, the forests were composed of hardwoods and the water level was so high that Central Finland and Savo-Karelia were the coast of the Gulf of Bothnia.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In total, the early stage of settlement can be considered the period 8850-8000 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The settlement came to Finland from the Kundan-Butovon-Veretjen cultures as well as through the Norwegian coast.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Initially, the new areas did not freeze permanently, but after the warm season the hunters returned back to the areas they had left.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Because of the unpredictable winters, exploring the new area was safest in summer.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The conditions of the new area, and as its animals became familiar, small groups of families followed the fishing teams.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[6] The oldest signs of permanent settlement date back 10700 years in southern Karelia on the shores of Lake Ancylus, where today is the Kuurmanbottom of Joutseno.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Excavations have found ovals of seven metres long and three metres wide excavated to a depth of half a metre.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Digging into the ground suggests permanent settlement.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

From the excavation sites, the inhabitants of the older one, Kuurmanpohja Saareoja 2, are likely to have come from the east.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[7] The colonisation of the North began in the Stone Age about 20,000 years ago, when the ice age receded.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Ruijaan was born around 9000 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Early Mesolithic Komsa culture, the remains of which have also been found on the Finnish side.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[2] At the same time, the early Mesolithic Estonian Kunda culture spread to the Finnish side, as evidenced by the ancient settlement of Ristola in Lahti.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[8] As the culture from the south spread to Finland, the Suomusjärvi culture developed on the trail of axes, chisels, and red dirt graves along the shoreline of the Gulf of Bothnia.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[2] In the traces of people from the Younger Stone Age (Neolithic period), earthenware is found that were not known to the Mesolithic culture.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Based on the styles of dishes, different cultures can be distinguished.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Comb ceramic culture (5000—3200 BC)


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

is the findrichest phase of the Stone Age.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Its remains are abundant in Lake Finland, so almost all of Finland was inhabited, but there were still quite a few people.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Residents who lived in the Younger Stone Age have left behind regional styles of asbestos pottery, Kierik pottery (3600—3100 BCE.)


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

as well as pottery of Pölja and Jysmaa (3100—1900 BCE).


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The artifact found includes skis, sleighs, chisels and fishing equipment, among other things.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

It has been speculated that the cultures of asbestos pottery in Inner Finland were Sami, but there is no definite information.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Kierik culture of the Oulu region may have had links to the south.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[9] [10] The next wave of migration brought a tightrope culture, or hammeraxe people, to the coast of southwestern Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

It flourished around 3200/2900 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

— 2300/1800 BC.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

It is speculated that they were a people from the south who also engaged in farming.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Some scholars deny, for example, on the basis of coffin graves, that this is about a new people who came to the country.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Separately, there is still Åland pit pottery, whose livelihoods included seal hunting, fishing and birding.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

At the end of the Neolithic period, 1200 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Kiukaisten culture spread to southwestern Finland, which is interpreted to have represented the Scandinavian seafarer people.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[10] The so-called Gökhem skeleton found in Sweden suggests that a people arrived in the Nordic region 5000 years ago from the Mediterranean culture who brought with them the art of farming.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

One discovery alone does not change the matter, but it strongly supports the notion that people who knew the principles of farming existed in the Nordic region five thousand years ago.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[11] Bronze and Iron Ages The name early metal age is often used from the period beginning with the introduction of bronze in Finland in 1500 BCE.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

and ends at about 300 share., by which time the iron was already in use.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The transition to farming (cascading) took place no later than that.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In the coastal region, the Bronze Age caused quite distinct changes to everyday life.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Commerce busied and many professions (merchant, soldier, sailor) emerged.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There are more object discoveries from this period than from the beginning of the Early Metal Age, suggesting an increase in population numbers.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[12] [13] Inland changes are less pronounced.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

For example, it was not until the 6th century that Kaski was cleared in the Gulf of Voud in Lake Saarijärvi.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

from.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There was a shift to arable farming there, according to pollen analysis, in the 13th century.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[14] The transition from bronze to iron at the beginning of our time did not bring a rapid change to life in Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Language conditions were being outlined, for the year 1000 divide.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Around this time, the main dialects of the Finnish language were born.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

When the Baltic Finnish dialects of Ancient Karelian, Antiquity and Ancient Northern Estonian were mixed, two main dialects emerged: Ancient Savo on the basis of the first two and Ancient Finnish based on the last two.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[15] It is difficult to estimate the prehistoric population.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

After counting back in time from the known population of the 1560s, Finland's population at the end of the prehistoric period (13th century) has been estimated at 50000—80000 people.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[16] As there were few people, distant wilderness areas in Inner Finland could be considered wilderness holdings.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

This wilderness economy included the use of wilderness areas in the form of batch pleasure for catching big game and fur, fishing, and to a small extent for irrigation and animal husbandry.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Wilderness holdings were economically important to the houses and villages of the fronts.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In the summer, land was cultivated, in winter fishing trips were made to the wilds of the north.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The batch gradually began to attract the overpopulation of the South to move into the wilderness as regulars.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The movers were also fleeing taxes and military-taking.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[9] For example, in the late Middle Ages, the Jyväskylä region was a wilderness ownership of the houses of the present Hauho, [17] and the distance to its own wilderness was about 200 km.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

New settlement on the coasts and wilds The Swedish-speaking settlement of the coasts The Swedish population migrated to the side of present-day Finland from the 12th to 13th centuries.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Swedish settlement spread especially to archipelagos and coasts.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

By the end of the 14th century, the coastal areas were already almost completely inhabited by Swedes.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[18] From the Iron Age onwards, the Savonian settlement of the wilderness countryside was under pressure from the Finns to the north and east.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Permanent holdings began to form from wilderness holdings in the early 16th century.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Finns and Lower Catakuns who settled in place did not participate in this, but other areas moved north and east down to the waterways.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The present Northern Savo was inhabited from 1542 onwards after Klemetti Henrikinpoika Krook, a scribe of Savonlinna, started organising settlement activities that had already occurred in the Middle Ages.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[19] [9] The colonisation of the wilderness took place at the will of King Gustav Vasa.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Attempts were made to increase tax revenues, to take wilderness into state ownership and to tie border areas into part of Sweden.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The settlers then headed from Southern Savo to Eastern Finland, Northern Ostrobothnia and Lapland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[20] The Savonian settlement activity spread in places to areas of the Hämälinen wilderness holdings.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Hämäläs claimed the right to their lands, but from the 1550s the state favoured the Savonians, who gave rise to permanent settlement by cascading the lands by making huhtakasks.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

These former Hämäläinen areas were named Rautalamm keeper at the end of the 16th century.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Similar settlement activity also occurred further west in the areas of Upper Satakunta, Ruovesi Pirkkala and Kangasala, meant for settlers from the south: Savonians were forbidden from migrating to these areas.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

However, this happened both in Ruovesi and in the Lake Region of Southern Ostrobothnia, where Savonian features (Savonian wedge) came to the local dialect.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Migration of Savonians also occurred to North Karelia, Northern Ostrobothnia and Viena Karelia.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[19] Thus the strong genetic distribution of the Finnish population between Western and Eastern Finns was formed.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[20] After the Savonian settler movement, there were inhabitants throughout Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There were 700 houses in North Karelia too.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Still, the focus of settlement was clearly in the south: about half of the inhabitants of Finland lived in the regions of Southwest Finland, Satakunta and Häme.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Savo and Karelia Isthmus were sparsely populated.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The total population of the kingdom is estimated at around one million people based on the silver tax list of 1571, of which in Finland around 300000.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Population growth was low, with infectious diseases, wars and years of disappearance taking people prematurely to the grave.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[19] Uniform population statistics began to be compiled in Sweden in the 1740s.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The kingdom had fewer people than thought: the population of Sweden was 1.8 million and Finland's population was just over 420,000 people.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[21] The population growth of the 19th century Finland's population grew very rapidly during the 19th century.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There had been growth as early as the late 18th century, but about 40 years of rapid growth began from the 1830s.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There were big regional differences.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The fastest growth was in rural areas of Central, Eastern and Northern Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

For example, the number of people in Vaasa County doubled between 1815 and 1865.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

This growth was based on the development of agriculture, the establishment of new farms and a belief in the future.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The number of crofts also increased.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The fastest of all, however, was the increase in the rank-free population: the number of hilly smoked and parasitic populations doubled between 1815 and 1865.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Although agriculture developed, no grain was sufficient for the entire population as in good years.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[22] The livelihood of the farm population depended on the grain harvest.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In bad years, their survival was difficult.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The great hunger years of the 1860s forced hungry people to mobilize, “the way of miero and death.”


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

With hunger came infectious diseases, for example, typhoid fever, whooping cough and dysentery.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

During the Great Hunger Years some 270,000 people died, but population growth soon recovered again.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The population of Finland was approximately 2.7million people in 1900.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[23] Leaving the way to Miero, on the other hand, increased migration to the factory localities.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The base for Finnish industrialization was laid during this period.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Industrialization required labor and began the first migration from the countryside to the cities.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The number of urban workers grew rapidly: in 1870 the urban workforce and their families numbered 150,000 people and in 1910 608000 people.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[24] The period of Russian rule brought to the country with the participation of Russian soldiers e.g.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Russians, Jews, Tatars, and East Asian immigrants.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Russian rule marked the growth of internationalization and foreign entrepreneurs emigrated to the country e.g.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Russia, Germany, England and Norway.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

There was also an influx of immigration, especially to America.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[23] Many Savonians went to America by way of Kotka, but stayed to work, for example, in the sawmill and factories of the Norwegian company Hans Gutzeit.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Because of this, the Eagle is even more called the “America of the Savonians”.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Karelian settlers and migration to Sweden After the Winter War, Finland had to settle around 420,000 people who lived in the ceded territory, of whom 230000 had received their livelihood from agriculture.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Quick Settlement Act aimed at establishing 35,000 farms.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The express settlement was not fully implemented until plans were messed up by the Continuation War.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Upon its completion, about 450,000 people had to be re-evacuated and populated.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[25] In 1944, 12% of the total land area had to be handed over to the Soviet Union.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Similar to the Express Settlement Act, efforts were now being made to form farms to be handed over to the colonists.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

This meant that the Karelians settled among the rest of the population, to which they adapted very quickly.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In addition, frontmen began to be colonised, some of whom were able to colonise the so-called cold space, which was an uncleared smallholding.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

16,000 of these were born mostly in Eastern and Northern Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[26] In the 1960s, Finland saw a strong wave of migration to Sweden.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Its source areas were the eastern and northern parts of the country, where some farms were unproductive due to their small size (for example, former cold farms).


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

During 1969—1970 there were 80,000 migrants, including 40% from the counties of Oulu and Lapland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Around 350000 Swedish Finns currently live in Sweden.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Beginning in the Second World War by the 1980s, 700000 people migrated from Finland, although about half returned.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[27] Migrants and internal migration in the 1970s saw a surge in settlement in Finland with the reception of Chilean refugees and Vietnamese boat refugees in the 1980s.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

President Mauno Koivisto made a promise of return change for the Ingerians in the early 1990s.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

This has meant settling 30,000 Inger Finns living in the territory of the former Soviet Union and those of Finnish descent in Finland.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Repatriation of former Finns does occur, but it is less than the exodus of Finns.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In late 2009, the Finnish government decided to limit the special treatment of Ingrian returnees.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[28] The 1990s also saw the beginning of the colonization of Somali and Kosovan refugees.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In the 2000s, refugees from war-waged countries have come to Finland e.g.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Afghanistan and Iraq.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Finland's internal migration was strong in the 1970s.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The issue is measured by the rate of inter-municipal migration, which in the early 1970s was 51.5 migrations per 1,000 inhabitants per year.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In the early 1990s, migration was slightly lower, but in the 2010s it has accelerated again to 50.5 migrations per 1,000 inhabitants.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In practice, this is tantamount to emigration and a migration victory for university towns.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[29] Settlement history and Finnish disease heritage Finnish settlement history is an explanatory factor of Finnish disease heritage.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

A mixture of eastern, western and southern genes typical of the Finnish gene lineage was formed along with population changes.


Question: In what year did the Savonist migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In terms of hereditary diseases, the small number of Finnish population of the population was not significant in itself, but a more important part in the formation of the Finnish disease tradition has played by the spread of settlement in Eastern and Northern Finland, which was set at the end of the 16th century.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

In this case, individual or few family municipalities from the same village left the territory of the old settlement and established a new village, beginning with only a few houses in its new place of residence.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[30] Villages grew, and the genes of a few founding members were subjected to random variation ().


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The Finnish disease heritage was thus formed by the combined effect of two bottleneck phenomena.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

The first bottleneck about 2000 years ago [31] only selected a small part of the European gene lineage here.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

This is the reason that certain hereditary diseases common elsewhere in Europe do not occur here.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Another bottleneck at the end of the 16th century, with the beginning of house settlement in Eastern and Northern Finland, brought about the regional enrichment of some disease genes and thus caused the birth of the Finnish disease tradition.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

[32] See also population of Finland Sources on the topic elsewhere Jalanen, Kaarlo Jonathan:.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

PhD dissertation in 1865.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Tarkiainen, Kari: Swedish Oriental Country.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

From prehistory to Gustav Vasa.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Swedish History of Finland 1.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

(Finland Österland.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Från forntiden to Gustav Vasa.)


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

Svenska litteratursällskapet in Finland, 2010.


Question: In what year did the Savonian migration begin?

Settlements history of Finland

* Category:Demography


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Continuation War was fought between Finland and the Soviet Union from 25 June 1941 to 19 September 1944.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Continuation war was fought on the Finnish front at the same time as Germany was carrying out a widespread invasion of the Soviet Union known as Operation Barbarossa.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Finnish front had been divided between German and Finnish forces, with the Finns in charge of the Southern Front and the Germans for the Lapland Front.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Finland was not, by law, an ally of Germany, as there was no treaty of alliance.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Instead, Finland was effectively an ally of Germany, giving its territory at German disposal, subjecting its forces to Germany, and receiving arms aid from Germany.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

At the beginning of the war, on the southern front section, Finnish troops recaptured areas lost in the Winter War and advanced across Syyr and the Leningrad defensive lines.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

In December 1941, the offensive was halted and a station warfare phase that lasted more than two years began.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The northern front sections were unable to obtain the severed Muurmann track and the German forces were unable to advance on Murmansk.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Soviet Grand Offensive in June 1944 broke through the Finns' foremost defensive lines.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

After heavy interceptor fighting, the guns were lowered to 4—5.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

on Sept.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Moscow Intermediate Peace was signed on 19 September 1944 and was confirmed in the Peace of Paris 1947.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The intermediate peace terms of the Continuation War included, among other things, forcing German troops out of Finland, leading to the Lapland War against Germany.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Pre-war events The peace in Moscow, which ended the Winter War in March 1940, was not peace in the truest sense of the word.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Europe was at war and Finland remained under martial law as well.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

During peacetime, the 100000 members of the lifting crew who remained untrained were ordered to enter service and their military training in the final stages of the Winter War to increase the low perceived reserve was commenced.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Squad leaders who had rehabilitated in the Winter War were asked to remain as loyal sub-officers for the training mission.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Finland was targeting an internationally identified possible maximum of the population, which could be disconnected from other duties to army service, i.e. 16%.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

In the case of Finland, this was considered sufficient only for the operational defence of the entire eastern border.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

General Aksel Airo had written a book on the subject after the Winter War, Honor - Motherland, in which he considered Finland's own defence possibilities superficially viewed only in the light of numbers to be almost non-existent.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Foreign countries' estimates of Finland's defence capabilities before the Winter War were based on the same criteria.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

[1] Germany invaded Denmark and Norway in April 1940 and quickly captured the countries.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

In May, Germany invaded France.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The northern part of the country was occupied directly by Germany and the southern part was formed by the German-controlled Vichy government, which refused to continue fighting.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Britain prepared for major air battles to prevent extensive German bombardment aimed at capturing the British Isles against it.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Baltic Sea had been closed by the Soviet Union and Germany, the only free passage to the oceans for foreign trade was the troublesome and long Liinahamar route to Petsamo.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

When Germany had also occupied Northern Norway by mid-June, Finland's physical isolation was almost complete: Germany would have been able to quickly cut off Finland's last open foreign trade route to the west if it wished, [2] and the same could have been done by the Soviet Fishermen and From the central blockade.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

In June 1940, following the German takeover of Denmark, Norway and finally France, the Soviet Union began pressuring Finland.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The first demand was to recover all equipment taken away from the Karelian Isthmus and Hanko rental area.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

A stake in Petsamo's nickel mines was also called for.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

In July, the Soviet Union made a demand for the demilitarization of Åland, and the right to train transport across Finnish territory to Hanko.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

[2] The agreement for transit from Finland's eastern border to Hankoniemi was signed in early September.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Soviet Union did not reduce its pressure on Finland until early spring the following year.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

[3] The political climate during the intermediate peace was pressing; for example, the demonstrations and the resulting riots of the Finnish and Soviet Peace and Friendship Society and the downshooting of the Aero airliner Kaleva in the Gulf of Finland in June 1940 at the same time as the occupation of the Soviet Union The Baltic States, was perceived very strongly in Finland.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

Finland was in a tight gap in foreign policy when Norway and the Baltics were overrun, Germany and the Soviet Union were in a diplomatic state of peace with each other, and Sweden's proposed confederation with Finland in October 1940 fell into opposition from the Soviet Union and Germany.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Soviet Red Army Staff had issued instructions to the Leningrad Military District for a new war against Finland on 18 September 1940.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The order was further refined on 25 November with the requirement to draw up an attack plan in case of a situation in which Finland would be the enemy alone.


Question: When did Finland make peace with the Soviet Union?

Continuation War

The Baltic Fleet drew up a plan to take over Åland and the forces of the Hanko base were transferred under the Leningrad Military District and its defensive direction was reversed on 12 November 1940 parallel to the mainland.