Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

[5] Habitat Nightbushes grow in old, mossy spruce forests, often in hilly or rocky areas.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

It is quite demanding in terms of its growing environment: the forest must be allowed to grow undisturbed until at least 50 years of age before the nocturnal crop appears on the habitat.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

[1] [2] Sources Kämmekät, Finnish orchids.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Ed.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Korhonen, Mauri & Vuokko, Seppo.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Forssan costing Ltd., Forssa 1987.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Plants of Oulu.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

From Buttermilk to Pilpasuou.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Ed.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Kalleinen, Lassi & Ulvinen, Tauno & Vilpa, Erkki & Väre, Henry.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Finnish Natural History Museum, Plant Museum, Norrlinia 11/City of Oulu, Oulu Region Environment Agency, publication 2/2005.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

University Weight, Helsinki 2005.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Hiking flora.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Ed.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Hämet-Ahti, Leena & Suominen, Juha & Ulvinen, Tauno & Uotila, Pertti.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

Finnish Museum of Natural History, Plant Museum, Helsinki 1998.


Question: What is the most common palm plant?

Nightbustle

References on the topic in the rest of Category:Palm plants


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Thomas Robert Malthus (14 February 1766 — 23 December 1834) was an English clergyman, demographer and economist.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

He is known for his pessimistic prediction of population growth.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

[1] Life Malthus was born into a wealthy family.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

His father was a friend of philosopher David Hume.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Young Malthus was initially homeschooled, and from 1784 he studied at Jesus College, University of Cambridge.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

[1] Malthus completed his final degree in mathematics [2], but he also enthusiastically studied languages such as Latin and Greek.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

He graduated MA in 1791, and in 1797 he was ordained a priest of the Anglican Church.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus married Harriet Eckersall in 1804, and they had three children.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

In 1805, he became Britain's and perhaps the world's first professor of national economics at the East India Company College, located in Haileybury.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

During his tenure as professor of economics, Malthus developed a theory of the problems of supply responding to demand.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

The theory was not held in appreciation at the time, but re-emerged with the Great Depression and the economics developed by John Maynard Keynes.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus died in 1834 near Bath, Somerset.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

[1] The theory of population growth Malthus's views developed mostly in response to the optimistic views of representatives of his father's circle of friends, such as William Godwin and Jean-Jacques Rousseau.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

In 1798 Malthus published his main demographic work, An Essay on the Principle of Population, in which he predicted population growth would lead to a reduction in foraging per capita.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

The prediction was based on the idea that the population will grow unlimited according to geometric series (such as 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128...) while nutrients grow in arithmetic series (such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7...).


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus did not endorse contraception but urged people to limit birth rates only through sexual abstinence and late marrying.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

In Malthus's theory, the problem of a growing population is seen to concern mainly the working people and the poor, and birth control also, in his view, had to target only these categories.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus's later influence Malthus theory had a great influence on later population theory.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Prior to Malthus, the high birth rate had been seen economically only as a positive point, as it increased labour supply in the national economy.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus looked at the issue from a new perspective, convincing most economists of his time that a high birth rate would reduce output per capita, even if increasing output in an absolute sense.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

In the 1830s, Malthus's writings had a great influence on the reforms undertaken by the Whig Party to curtail welfare grants (Amendment of the Poorest Laws, 1834).


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

As early as 1801, a census begun in Britain was also associated with Malthus's writings.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Malthus's theory also influenced the major developers of the theory of evolution, Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Darwin explained his main work as being an application of Malthus's doctrines to the realm of non-human activity.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Similarly, Wallace, who developed an equivalent theory of evolution without Darwin's knowledge, admitted Malthus's influence was crucial to his own theory.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Although Malthus himself had opposed contraceptives, his theory inspired Francis Place (1771-1854), who led a movement advocating the use of contraceptives called Neo-Malthusian.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

There are still a considerable number of demographers known as Neo-Malthusians, who say that unlimited population growth will eventually lead to a major catastrophe.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Likewise, population growth has been regulated a lot in practice as well.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

China, for example, has had a one-child policy governing population growth since the late 1970s.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Among Malthus's most notable followers was Paul Ehrlich, published in the 1960s by Paul Ehrlich, a book called The Population Bomb, which predicted a major population explosion would come in the 1970s.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Among the most famous Neo-Malthusians today is, for example, Lester Brown, director of the Worldwatch Institute.


Question: What did Thomas Malthus die of?

Thomas Malthus

Sources “Thomas Robert Malthus”, Encyclopaedia Britannica References Category:Classical economists Category:Demography Category:British economists Category:Those born in 1766 Category:Those who died in 1834 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi (right called Alexis Stenvall [1], 10 October 1834, Nurmijärvi — 31 December 1872 Tuusula) was a Finnish writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Kivi wrote the novel Seven Brothers (1870), plays such as Nummisuutarrit (1864), and poems.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] [3] Stone texts have both romantic and realistic features.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Kivi was able to create a high level of production in several fields of literature at a time when the tradition of Finnish-language literature, with the exception of folk poetry, did not exist.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] [3] Kivi was the first Finnish professional writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[4] Since the Kivi Renaissance of the early 20th century, he has been Finland's national writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[5] A number of Aleksis Kivi's poems and song texts included in his works have been composed as songs.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

These include “The Happy Ones”, “The Swing”, “Song of the Forest Man”, “Song of the Squirrel”, “Song of My Heart”, “The Power of Seven Men”, “What I Worried About”.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[6] Family background Kivi's grandfather Johan Stenvall had had a military croft in Nurmijärvi Palojoki since 1766.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The oldest known ancestors are, according to Yrjö Blomstedt, from Janakkala.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

His maternal father Antti Hamberg lived as a blacksmith in Nahkela, Tausula.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Stone's paternal grandfather Anders Johan Stenvall was a sailor.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The writer's own father, Erik Stenvall, had lived in Helsinki during his childhood.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Art historian Jaakko Puokka suggested in his 1979 book “Paloon Stenvallit” that Stone's father would have been an illegitimate son of the noble family of Adlercreutz.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Scientists have queried this.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] [8] Teemu Keskisarja also considers this in his biography of Kivi the Bootskin Tower, [9] which in turn Mervi Kantokorpi is surprised when previous biographers have already rejected the gossip that is devoid of fact [10].


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Biographer Aleksis Stenvall was born in 1834 in Nurmijärvi in the village of Palojoki to the family of tailor Erik Johan Stenvall (1798−1866) and Anna-Kristiina Hamberg (1793−1863).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The family had a pre-existing three sons, John, Emanuel and Albert.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis also had a sister Agnes, who died in 1851 aged just 13.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Literary tendencies Aleksis showed evident early in his exploitation of “runeberg” to the home crowd.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[11] Aleksis Stenvall wrote in the form of his first name Alexis and performed through his life as Stenvall.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone was essentially a writer's name.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Stone's native language was Finnish, but his parents also knew Swedish.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Aleksis Kivi acquired proficiency in Swedish after moving to Helsinki at the age of 12 for school, which was a prerequisite for reading as a matriculation and still a priest.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] The mother wished Alexis to become a priest.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Lack of funds forced Stone to suspend regular schooling and resign from the third grade in 1852.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Thereafter, he continued his chapters privately, matriculating at the age of 23 in the autumn of 1857.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

In 1821—1868, only seven Nurmijärvi boys wrote matriculation.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Of these seven, Aleksis was the only child of the common people; all the others were children of weathermen.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

In his matriculation year 1857, Kivi decided to abandon priestly dreams and become a Finnish-language writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] After his university studies, Kivi moved to Siuntio, first in a rented residence, but he subsequently found a benefactor in Charlotta Lönnqvist, twenty years older, who allowed Stone to live in full board practically free of charge.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Later scholars have argued over whether the relationship between Stone and Lönnqvist was erotic or not.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Stone's most prominent supporter was Fredrik Cygnaeus, to whom Kivi matriculated.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Cygnaeus repeatedly placed his entire expertise and prestige in support of Stone's career as a writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Financial support Kivi also received from Julius Krohn and his father.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] [12] Stone's best friends were a group of J. V. Snellman's pro-Finnish upbringing from Ostrobothnia: Jaakko Forsman, Johan Calamnius and C.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

G. Swan.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Other important friends of Stone included A.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

R. Svanström, Adolf Theodor Forssell, Ernst Albert Forssell, Emil Nervander, Thiodolf Rein and Viktor Löfgren-Lounasmaa.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[4] Since the performance of the play Lea in 1869, Kaarlo Bergbom, the theatre manager who made Kivi's plays familiar with him since 1864.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

As his best friend, he has mentioned his fellow forester Robert Svanström in his letters.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Aleksis Kivi had no regular income at all.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone suffered in the last years of his life from insomnia and worsening alcoholism.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Shortages of money, debts, poor track record of books, constant criticism of Professor August Ahlqvist and compulsory living in rural areas depressed Stone.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[13] Alexis Kivi had suffered pains and bodily weakness all his life, and he also had typhoid fever on more than one occasion.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone's condition took a distinct turn for the worse beginning in the spring of 1870, and he began to suffer from severe headaches, heart problems, attacks of nausea and thermoregulation disorders, among other things.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[14] Stone's only first-born novel The Seven Brothers was first published as a booklet from the Novelli Library.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[15] [14] Following criticism from Ahlqvist, the publisher suspended the sale of the booklets. [16] [17].


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The reason was that August Ahlqvist, Professor of Finnish Language and Literature at the University of Helsinki, who had slated all of Kivi's previous works, wrote a murderous review published in Finlands Allmänna Tidning immediately after the novel appeared.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Numerous people agreed with Ahlqvist's reproaches without anyone rising up to defend the novel.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[14] Kivi began to have transient “mental attacks” in the autumn and was delivered in spring 1871 to the New Clinic in Helsinki, from where he was sent further to Lapinlahti Asylum.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

In Lapinlahti, Kivi's illness was diagnosed as chronic melancholy, thought to be caused by blood loss, drunkenness and insulted writer glory.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

As treatments, quinine [14], defecation and expectorants and morphine [16] were used.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone was still able to speak when he was hospitalised in June, but lost his ability to speak and exercise during the fall and did not even recognise his brother in the end.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The stone was discharged in February 1872 after doctors found that the treatments had no desirable effect on the condition of the patient.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Alpertti brother took him to live with him at that time in Syvälahti, Tuusula, where he died aged just 38 in December 1872.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[14] There is no definite information as to the true disease and cause of death of the stone.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Psychiatrist Lauri Saarnio said Kivi's symptoms were indicative of some organ brain disease.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

In the 2010s, it has been suggested that Stone's symptoms and death would have been caused by encephalitis or Alzheimer's disease caused by the bacterium borrelia.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[18] Aleksis Kivi's grave is in the Tuusula Church cemetery.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[19] After the death of the stone, Ahlqvist wrote a poem of desecration which appeared in the collection Saken (1874): [20] [21] A poet from his grave “Poets” was crossed, was said to be Shakespeare, Verra Väinö claimed: Other' I was not like The most inept grower and crazy liquor drinker but.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Production, style and reputation The early stages of Stone's literary development were marked by romanticism, but his actual inclinations clearly suggested realism.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi — whose name he first used as a writer in connection with the Kullervo manuscript of 1860 — was unable to go abroad for financial reasons, but at least he did visit Turku.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

However, the circle of his readership extended from school and university books to world literature.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone read everything from Held and Corvin's World History to works on chemistry analyses, newspapers, plays by Erik Stagnelius and William Shakespeare.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Literary influences he received especially from Shakespeare, Miguel de Cervantes and Louis Holberg.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] Stone's most significant literary production can be considered to have started with the subsequently lost Swedish play Bröllopsdansen.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] In 1860, Kivi won a competition organised by the Finnish Literature Society with Kullervo.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] As a result of the Finnish version of Bröllopsdansen, Nummisuutarit was awarded the State Prize in 1865.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The prize was presented for the first time at the time and was competed for by Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the leading author of his time.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Moor mutars is still the most produced domestic speech play.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[3] In 1866 the plays Fugitive, Betrothal and Olviretki appeared in Schleusingen, as well as Kanervala, a poetry collection published by Kivi himself.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The following year appeared the plays Leo and Liina, Night and Day, Heroics, Lea and Canzio.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Of Kivi's fifteen plays, only Lea was performed during his lifetime, whose first performance in 1869 is calculated to have originated the Finnish theatre.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] The Seven Brothers, which attained the status of national novel, were published in 1870 as booklets from the Novelli Library.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Finnish Literature Society's scholars issued a commendable statement about the novel and defended the writer at a meeting of the Society after August Ahlqvist's crushing criticism.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Subsequent readers have spoken to include the novel's character description, humour and rich language [2].


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Stone's plays and novel combine realism and humour.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The combination is still one of the most distinctive features of Finnish literature.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The proximity to nature and the understanding of non-adaptable individuals, folk people, have also been central themes of Finnish literature since those times.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[22] Stone became a national writer.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

He was the first professional writer published in Finnish.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[23] He showed with his work that in Finnish you can write poetry and plays, even a novel.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[24] The stone fulfilled Snellman's ambitions for national literature better than the writers of the National Romanticism period: he wrote in Finnish and told of his own time.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[22] The best plays of Kivi have been part of the permanent repertoire of Finnish theatre.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Film adaptations have also been made of Nummisuutari, Seven Brothers, Betrothal and Life of Kivi.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

His works have been translated into an estimated 40 languages [25], including the Seven Brothers into more than 20 languages and the Kullervo play being translated into Chinese.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[26] Selected works of stone have appeared as several institutions, first appearing in 1877—1878.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Otava published in 1969 a trinite selection of Aleksis Kivi's masterpieces illustrated by Erkki Tantu.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[27] In 2010, text-critical editions of Kivi's works began to be published by the Finnish Literature Society.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The editions are based on research into manuscripts and first editions and other original material.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Attached to the text are an introduction and an extensive commentary section.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

So far, a selection of letters has been published under the direction of Jyrki Nummi and the plays Nummisuutarit and Kullervo.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[28] Commendations National writer Aleksis Kivi's day is celebrated on his birthday on October 10, which is also the day of flagging.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

At the same time, it is also the Day of Finnish Literature and the anniversary of the University of Helsinki University of Southern Finland.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Until the 1960s, it was also a public holiday in Finnish schools.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Seven brothers have had a strong position in Finnish school education.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[2] In memory of the writer and poet, the Aleksis Kiven Society has been founded in 1941.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Aleksis Kivi club of Turku has been based in Turku since 1945.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

His birth home in Palojoki, Nurmijärvi, was restored and organized as a museum in 1952.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's death cottage, purchased by the University of Helsinki Student Union from Albert Stenvall in 1910, can be seen in Tuusula.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

In the cottage you can see the Stone Bible and the deathbed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[29] There are plaques marking the writer's residence in Katajanokka, the Forum Business Centre and Tapaninkylä in Helsinki.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[30] During their tenement, the Russians dismantled the croft of Fanjunkars in Siuntio, where Kivi wrote the main part of his production.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

New Fanjunkars was inaugurated as a cultural house in 2006.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[31] Since 1953, in Aleksis Kivi's birthplace, Palojoki, Nurmijärvi, a Kivi-Juhti theatre event has been held during the summer, where Kivi's production is performed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The performance venue is Stone's childhood playground.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Streets called Aleksis Kivi street can be found in several Finnish cities, including Helsinki Alppiharju and central Tampere.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[32] On the 100th anniversary of Kivi's birth in the Helsinki Alppiharju in 1934, Finland's largest national school was named Aleksis Kivi School.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Today it is a unified elementary school for grades 1-9.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[33] [34] The following films have been made about the life of the stone: [35] I Live, Dir.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Ilmari Unho in 1946.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi starred as Rauli Tuomi.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi, Dir.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Tapani Itäranta in 1984.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi starred as Asko Sarkola.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Life of Aleksis Kivi, Dir.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Jari Halonen in 2002.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi was played by Marko Tiusanen.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Harri Saksala has composed and recorded an album of Kivi's poems.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Aleksis Kivi album containing eleven works appeared in 1984.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[36] Einojuhani Rautavaara has composed an opera by Aleksis Kivi, which tells stylistically about Kivi's life.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The opera makes extensive use of both Stone's own texts and that of his opponent August Ahlqvist.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[37] In the Great Finns competition 2004, the stone was voted to ninth place.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[38] Monuments There are a total of 11 statues and monuments of Aleksis Stone.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

No photographs have reportedly survived of him; therefore all sculptures and images made of him are based on drawings.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[39] At the Helsinki Rautatientori, in front of the National Theatre, there is a statue of Aleksis Kivi sculpted by Wäinö Aaltonen in 1939.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The park in front of Nurmijärvi Library contains a statue sculpted by Aukusti Veuro in 1934.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[7] The stone busts are in the ballroom of the Nurmijärvi Community School and sculpted by Erland Stenberg (1879) at the National Theatre.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Erland Stenberg, who may have known or seen the stone, also designed the writer's grave statue (1877).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[19] In the park of the Old Library Hall in Tampere there is a sculpture of the Poet and the Muse, sculpted by Wäinö Aaltonen, unveiled in 1928.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

A statue of Aleksis Kivi by Wäinö Aaltonen was unveiled in 1949 in front of the former Hotel Phoenix, the main building of the University of Turku, which was reerected in 1962 in front of the theatre building.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[40] There is also a memorial statue of Aleksis Kivi by Wäinö Aaltonen (1930) at the Central Market in Mänttä.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[41] There is a statue of Aleksis Kivi by Alpo and sculpted by Nina Sailo in Hyrylä, Jääkäri Park (1984).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

[42] Works Plays Kullervo (1864).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Lea (published 1869).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Moor Moors (1864).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Fugitives (1865).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Engagement (1866).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Straw excursion in Schleusingen (1866).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Night and Day (1866).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Leo and Liina (1867).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Canzio (1868).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Margareta (published 1871).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Selma plots.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Novel of Seven Brothers (1870).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Poetry collection Kanervala (1866) Poems; Short narratives (1916).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The Tales of Mountain Trolls.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Story from Nurmijärvi (1864) Erika (1859) Koto and shackles (1850s) The stories of Aleksis Kivi.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Illustrated by Matti Visanti.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Publishing company Nide Oy, Hämeenlinna (no year of publication).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Letters (Agricola-Finnish History Network, Finnish Languages Research Centre) Kivi, Aleksis, Letters.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Critical edition.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Ed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Juhani Niemi (editor-in-chief), Sakari Katajamäki, Ossi Kokko, Petri Lauerma and Jyrki Nummi.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Editorials of the Finnish Literature Society 1386, Science.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Huddersfield: SKS 2012.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

ISBN 978-952-222-390-6 Translations into other languages by Alex Matson, Seven Brothers.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

1st Institution, New York: Coward-McCann, 1929.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

2nd institution, Helsinki: January, 1952.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

3. institution, ed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Irma Rantavaaran, Helsinki: January, 1973.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Impola, Richard A., Seven Brothers.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

New Paltz, NY: Finnish-American Translators Association, 1991.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Douglas Robinson, Heath Cobblers (Moor Mugglers) and Kullervo.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

St. Cloud, MN: North Star Press of St. Cloud, 1993.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Douglas Robinson, The Brothers Seven.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Bucharest, Romania: Zeta Books, 2017.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Teemu Middleweight| title = Boot Leather Tower| publisher = Bridge| year = 2018| isbn = 978-952-234-497-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Finnish encyclopedia 4, kanar—kar| location = Espoo| publisher = Weilin + Göös| year = 1990| id = ISBN 951-35-4648-9| page = 307-308}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Large persony| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-0-26140-8| page = 336}} Check date values in: |daaccessory te= (help) References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Aaltonen, Jukka & Lahti, Ilpo & Salminen, Jouko K.| title = Now neither fear nor tremor helps.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's health, letters, dreams and seven brothers| location = Turku| publisher = Turku Aleksis Kivi -Club| year = 2015| id = ISBN 978-952-93-5532-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Holma Jaakko| title = True or Fable?


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

The museum value and authenticity of Aleksis Kivi's death cottage| publisher = University of Jyväskylä | year = 2011| version = pro gradu| format = [online version] | accessdate = 28.3.2016}} Juutinen, Juha: Birds in Aleksis Kivi's production.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Birdman 4/1985, p.174—181.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ketonen, Oiva| title = Destiny Options.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi, August Ahlqvist and the low civic bravery of civilization| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1989| id = ISBN 951-0-16013-X}} Kinnunen, Aarne: Nummisuutarrit comedy in five acts (1994) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kinnununen En, Aarne| title = Plays by Aleksis Kivi.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Analysis and examination of time flows in light | location = Porvoo Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1967| version = Dissertation: University of Helsinki}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kivi, Aleksis| title = Letters.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Critical editio| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = 2012| version = Editor-in-Chief Juhani Niemi| id = ISBN 978-952-222-390-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehtonen, J. V.| title = Nurmijärvi's son.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Photos of Aleksis Kivi's life| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1934| id = ISBN 978-951-0-34891-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Meri, Veijo| title = Aleksis Stenvall's life| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1975| version = 4th augmented edition (1st edition 1973) | id = ISBN 951-1-10489-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sea, Veijo| title = Elon island here.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi background| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-1-07994-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Kivi| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Gummerus| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-20-| 2525-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Snow-White Cloth.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi and love| location = Helsinki| publisher = Like| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-578-579-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Son of the Forest.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi life| location = Helsing| publisher = Thought | year = 2004| id = ISBN 951-20-6677-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Impivaaran Kaski.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi as a corner| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature | year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-222-107-0}} Douglas Robinson, Aleksis Kivi and/as World Literature.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Leiden and Boston: Brill.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sihvo, Hannes| title = Living Stone: Aleksis Kivi during his time | location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = 2002| isbn = 951-746-421-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tarkiainen, Viljo| title = Aleksis Stone.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Life and works| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1984| version = 6th edition (1st edition 1915) | id = ISBN 951-0-12389-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Yli-Paavola, Jaakko & Laaksonen, Pekka (ed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

) | title = Fire whimper.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's Society album| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature | year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-222-135-3}} On the subject elsewhere Free to download Aleksis Kivi e-books from the National Library, and.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

. (The page publishes current writer-related news.)


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

. web publication, Finnish Literature Society, 2007.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Ed.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Sakari Katajamäki, Ossi Kokko and Elina Kela.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

FIN-CLARIN: Finnish Language Resource Infrastructure/CSC — Centre for Science Technology: Kielipankki 2013.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

(A corpus of Aleksis Kivi's letters, works manuscripts and editions published during the writer's lifetime.).


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Material from the Kivifooty seminars organised by the University of Helsinki in Finnish Literature 1999-2002.


Question: Where was Aleksis Kivi born?

Aleksis Stone

Category:86.1 General history of literature * Category:Those born in 1834 Category:Those who died in 1872 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Finnish Air Force fighter procurement 1940—1944

Fighter procurement for the Finnish Air Force refers to setting, comparing, selecting, purchasing and building the selection criteria for fighter aircraft of the Finnish Air Force between 1940 and 1944, i.e., during the Winter War and Continuation War and the intermediate peace between them.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Winter War destroyer acquisitions The ignition of the Winter War on 30 November 1939 forced Finland to attempt the acquisition of machinery from anywhere.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Eyes were directed especially towards Great Britain, France and the United States, where strong Finnish sympathy had arisen.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In realpolitik, the influences for British and French action were the undermining of Nazi Germany's scope for action.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It was important to them that Germany did not gain control of the Baltic Sea.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Because of this, Great Britain had sought to bring closer relations with the Soviet Union and from this point of view Soviet actions in 1939 towards the Baltic states and Finland had even been desirable.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Molotov—Ribbentrop Pact, and especially the German invasion of Poland in September 1939, changed the situation.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In December 1939, Great Britain positioned itself to support France in separating the Soviet Union from the League of Nations.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The League of Nations, in turn, committed itself to supporting Finland's fight against the Soviet Union.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Towards the end of the Winter War, Great Britain and France planned to send a relief expedition to Norway and via Sweden to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

France had proposed the invasion of Petsamo and the aid of 20000—30000 Allied troops.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Since France did not have the resources of its own to carry out the operation the main responsibility for planning the mission was given to Great Britain.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Great Britain amended the plan of action proposed by France and made the ore fields of northern Sweden as its main objective.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Assisting Finland remained only in second place.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The purpose of the relief expedition was to occupy the ore fields of northern Sweden and thus block Swedish ore shipments to Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The measure might have provoked a German war effort in northern Europe, thereby diminishing interest in France and Great Britain, a French objective in particular.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The experience of World War I had driven the United States to isolate itself, particularly from Europe and its crises.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Defence laws had been enacted in support of this isolationist policy, or isolationism, which placed military equipment under state control and prevented their delivery to warring countries.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

For Finland, shipments from the United States were long and expensive and dollar currency was scarce.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Finland's interest in purchasing arms from the United States fizzled in 1938, when Marshal Mannerheim put forward the establishment of a post of Military Attaché in the Embassy in Washington.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

This was done so that the Deputy Director of the Finnish Cellulose Society, Colonel Paavo Talvela, remained in the spring of 1939 to be used by Ambassador Hjalmar Procopé.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In December 1939, the target number of destroyer squadrons was increased to four.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[1] 30 Gladiators and 12 Hurricanes from Great Britain - Blacburn Roc remains unavailable after the Winter War started Finland requested arms and aircraft from the British Government.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, its aviation ministry was not willing to sell its newer Supermarine Spitfire and Hawker Hurricane fighters.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The War Cabinet authorized the sale of obsolete Gloster Gladiator fighters on December 5, 1939 and a week later Ambassador Gripenberg signed a contract with Gloster Aircraft Corporation for 20 Gladiators.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On December 28, 1939, Gloster announced that the machines had been tested.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

After Finland requested more aircraft, Great Britain donated ten Gladiators.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

These planes were collected from maintenance units and all planes were transported via Bergen to Malmö, where the planes were assembled and flown to Barkarby, where Finnish pilots picked up the planes to Finland from 18 January — 16 February 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were initially assigned to Air Squadron 26, which was operating at Ut.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Gripenberg also negotiated another batch of 30 Gladiators, but the machines were not obtained in Finland [2].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The needs list presented by Finland to Great Britain on 9 January 1940 included 30 or preferably 60 Supermarine Spitfire or Hawker Hurricane destroyers.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The British Air Force leadership as well as the Ministry of Aviation were against the sale of the machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, Navy Minister Winston Churchill advocated the sale of Hurricane machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On December 17, 1940, Ambassador Gripenberg entered into another procurement contract with Gloster, purchasing 12 Hawker Hurricane destroyers for Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Although the contract was awarded to Gloster, the machines were second-hand and refurbished RAF machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were tested 21—27.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

February 1940 and was handed over to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were flown 25—28.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

February 1940 to Västerås via Edinburgh, Wick, Stavanger and Oslo.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

One of the planes was damaged on landing at Wick (and cashed in for the British Air Force) and one was destroyed on 28 August 1940 off the coast of Norway.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The remaining 10 planes did not arrive in Finland until 7—10.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

March 1940, so they did not have time to participate in the Winter War battles [3].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Great Britain also released 30 Blackburn B-25 Roc fighters to Finland for sale.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

This was a two-seat support ship destroyer developed from the Skua crash bomber, deliveries of which to the Navy Air Force had begun in April 1939.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 27 February 1940, Finland accepted Blackburn's bid for 33 Roc Mk I aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Four of the planes could be flown to Dyce in Scotland to be flown to Finland and equipped with Finnish Air Force insignia (RO-141... 144), but the Winter War on 13 March 1940 stopped the planes there [4].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Roc missed out, which was probably not a major damage, as this fighter aircraft had a top speed of only 359 km/h and all four 7.7 mm machine guns were located in the machine gun turret behind the pilot.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The plane could not fire forward [5].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

30 Morane-Saulniers and 6 Caudrons from France Before the Winter War, France had been reluctant to sell its weapons to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

During the Winter War, Prime Minister Édouar Daladier sought to patch up his poor endorsement by acting in Finland's favor.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 28 December 1939, France telegraphed to Finland for France to donate 50 Morane-Saulnier M.S to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

406 fighter jets.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Only 30 machines were eventually obtained and were shipped to Sweden to be assembled.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were flown to Finland during February 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were received by Air Squadron 28, which had time during the Winter War to make 288 war flights on the Morans, achieving 14 aerial victories [6].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Later, 80 Caudron C.714 and 46 Koolhoven F.K.58 fighters were donated.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It was originally planned to assemble and send a ready to operate Caudron squadron with pilots and mechanics to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, this did not materialize and only six Caudrons arrived in Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Koolhovens went completely unreceived.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[4] France had ordered a large number of Caudrons on 5 October 1938 but production was stopped in March 1940 after 90 built Caudrons.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Caudron C.714 was withdrawn from active service in France in February 1940 due to poor performance.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The six aircraft (manufacturing number 2-7) that arrived in Finland were handed over to the aircraft factory in May 1940 and were to be given to the Pori based Lentolaivue 30.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The squadron accepted only two of the machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Caudron C.714 was placed under permanent no-fly status in September 1940 [7].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Of the planes remaining in France, 40 were equipped with the so-called Polish pilots assembled. The Warsaw group that fought Germany 2—13.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

on June 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The remaining machinery remained in Vichy French and German use, which was probably scarce [8].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Koolhoven F.K.58 made its maiden flight on 17 July 1938.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In January 1939, France ordered 50 planes and Holland 36.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Only 18 machines besides the two prototypes were completed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Forty-seven war flights were made with the planes before France was defeated.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The remaining planes were scrapped.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[9] 44 Brewsters from the United States Colonel Paavo Talvela contacted several gun and aircraft factories in the United States in the spring of 1939.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

He held negotiations with Douglas and Curtiss-Wright, among others.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The latter offered Model 75A fighters with a delivery time of 3 to 8 months; Curtiss was also prepared to enter into a binding contract in case Finland went to war.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[10] On July 7, 1939, Colonel Per Zilliacus was appointed Military Attaché of Finland in the United States.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In August 1939, he and Ambassador Hjalmar Procopé began high-level negotiations on arms procurement with U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Welles.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Procopé's unprioritized purchase list was long including, among other things, 230 fighter aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[10] In addition, Procopé requested a $60 million credit for improving Finland's defence capability.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[11] The Air Force commander, Major General Lundqvist, electrified on October 17, 1939, to the embassy in Washington.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In his telegram, he reported that the situation with the Soviet Union had escalated to the point where fighter jets were needed, ignoring the sign.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[10] In early November, three variants were explored, being the Grumman F4F Wildcat, Seversky EP-1 and Brewster F2A “Buffalo”.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[12] The third prototype of the F4F, the XF4F-3, had made its maiden flight in March 1939 and by 8 August 1939 Grumman had received an order for 78 planes from the United States Navy.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Production was therefore just starting up; the first machinery was not delivered until February 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[13] Sweden had ordered 15 Seversky EP-1s and later 120 more in the summer of 1939, taking Seversky's production capacity.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Sweden received 135 of its ordered Seversky out of 62 in the spring and summer of 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Of the remaining 60 were taken for the United States Army Air Forces under the insignia P-35A.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

48 of the planes took part in the fighting against Japan in the Philippines; 40 of the planes were lost in the two days of fighting.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The remaining 12 planes were delivered to Ecuador.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[14] Brewster was not at all a potential candidate for editorship at first.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It was small and unknown and its first destroyer delivery to the United States Navy was late.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, modifications had been made to the machine's prototype XF2A-1, among other things the engine had been changed to a more powerful one, and had flown modified its maiden flight in the summer of 1939 under the designator XF2A-2.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Since only 11 of the 54 planes ordered had been delivered, the United States felt it could sell the remaining 43 to Finland and order the same number of the higher-performance F2A-2 in their place.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The deals were made on 16 December 1939 for some reason for 44 machines, of which 38 (manufacturing numbers 18-55) were taken from a batch intended for the U.S. Navy and six (manufacturing numbers 57-62) from the Belgian order of 48 machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Finland also negotiated 60 additional machines that would have been manufactured right after the 44 ordered.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

This would have required the transfer of Belgian supplies; Finland negotiated with Belgium but no trade arose.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The reason may also have been a lack of engines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[15] The 44 Brewster Model 239s ordered were shipped from New York via Bergen to Sweden for assembly; only three machines were assembled and tested in the United States.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first batch of 11 machines left New York on 13 January 1940 and the last batch arrived in Bergen on 13 March 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were assembled at SAAB's factories in Trollhättan.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first machines were received in Finland on 1 March 1940 and before the end of the Winter War it was possible to obtain six machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, the planes didn't get involved in the fighting.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The last plane arrived in Finland on 1 May 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were received by Air Squadron 22, which, however, was forced as early as April 1940 to hand over its aircraft to Air Squadron 24, which was fighting on the Fokkers.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[16] In early March 1940, Marshal Mannerheim sent a personal letter to President Roosevelt requesting that Finland have 150 fighter aircraft and 36 bombers with their crews.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Roosevelt urged the Air Force to explore the possibility of sending planes.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, the United States Air Force felt that it did not have enough planes for its own need, so the matter lapsed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[17] The Fokker G.1 falls short of receiving Fokker designed at his own risk the twin-engined Fokker G.1 fighter, which made its maiden flight in March 1937.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The plane had been shown at the previous year's aviation show in Paris, where it was subject to great attention.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The plane originally had a Hispano-Suiza 14Ab engine, which was however swapped for the Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior engine.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Twenty-six machines were sold in 1937 to Spain but due to the outbreak of civil war the machines went undelivered.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Dutch Air Force ordered 36 Bristol Mercury-powered aircraft in October 1937, with the model designation G.1A — and at the same time the model to be built in Spain became the model designation G.1B.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first discussions between Fokker and Finnish authorities regarding the Fokker G.1 fighter took place in May 1937, when the commander of the Air Force, Major General Jarl Lundqvist, was interested in purchasing one finished plane and 23 aircraft manufacturing license.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Apparently, the Fokker G.1 was intended to replace additional purchases from Bristol Blenheim.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Finns went to test fly the G.1 in the autumn of 1937.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In April 1938, Fokker was informed that the twin-engine fighter issue was not current.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Fokker invited a Finnish test pilot to fly the Fokker G.1 in February 1939, which was accomplished.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machine was still traded and in the autumn of 1939, Fokker offered G.1B machines for Finland for Spain.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Commander Lundqvist considered the requested price to be high and no deal emerged.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

After the Winter War ignited, the Fokker G.1 was good enough for Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In January 1940, an attempt was made to purchase 18 G.1As.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Fokker would have been able to deliver the machines with a delivery time of 4—6 months but in February 1940 the matter lapsed due to difficulties in obtaining propellers and Bristol Mercury engines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[18] Machinery and assistance from other countries Great Britain pressured South Africa to donate 29 Gloster Gauntlet machines to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were shipped from the British Isles to Sweden on 10 March 1940, where nine were assembled and flown to Finland by 12 April 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The rest were shipped to Finland on 17 May 1940 [19].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, the Gauntlet was obsolete as a fighter and the 24 planes that arrived were used as training aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Sweden donated eight machines to Finland on 8 December 1939.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Two Bristol Bulldog and three J6B Jaktfalken aircraft arrived on 15 December 1939.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Bulldogs were Finland's equivalent of the older IIA model and were used like the Jaktfalkens as training machines.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 23 December 1939, three Fokker C.V.D planes arrived in Finland and used as liaison machines [20].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

More significant assistance than these eight planes was the Air Squadron Flygflottilj 19, consisting of Swedish volunteers, which flew 12 Swedish Gloster Gladiator fighters, four Hawker Hart reconnaissance aircraft as well as a few joint action aircraft from 10 January 1940, responding to in practice on Lapland air defense.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The unit scored seven aerial victories, losing three Gladiators and three Hart in aerial combat and accidents.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Three Swedish pilots crashed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A significant help was also the aircraft-assembling operations organised by the Swedes.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Machines were assembled at AB Aerotransport in Bulltofta near Malmö, Centrala Flygverkstaden in Malmslätt near Linköping, and at Götaverken in Torslanda and SAAB in Trollhättan, both near Gothenburg.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

These units assembled 157 machines (including Brewsters, Moranets, Gladiators and Fiats) between December 1939 and April 1940 [21].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

My own aircraft-building operation on 9 September 1939]] was placed in a pre-order for 50 Fokker D.XXI fighter jets to the State Aircraft Factory.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The final order came on 22 January 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

As the intake of Bristol Mercury engines had stopped, it was decided to acquire Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior engines [22].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On December 13, 1939, the commander of the Air Force, Major General Lundqvist prioritized the aircraft factory in operation for only the third replacement of the Fokker D.XXI series (first place came the refit of warplanes, second place exercise and school aircraft pl.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

VL Pyry, which was prioritized to the fourth place).


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

VL Storm work was suspended [23].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The spoils of war Finland received several Polikarpov I-15bis and Polikarpov I-153 fighters as spoils of war in the Winter War, as well as a few Polikarpov I-16 fighters.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Two of the Polikarpov I-15bis- planes were brought into flight condition during the Winter War and three were repaired during the intermediate peace.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Eight of the Polikarpov I-153 aircraft and one of the Polikarpov I-16 planes were repaired to flying condition during the interim peace.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[24] Repair and maintenance of spoils consumed resources in comparison with the machinery's operating value.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[25] Only Polikarpov I-153 machines were of real significance; they were the spoils of war in the Winter and Continuation Wars, as well as purchases from Germany in use 21.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The aircraft was used as a fighter at the beginning of the Continuation War


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

I-15bis were used mostly as advanced training aircraft in replenishment squadrons and the I-16 aircraft was used as a reference aircraft in Air Squadron 24.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[26] Interim Peace Aircraft Procurement The Winter War ended with the Peace of Moscow on 13 March 1940, beginning the period known as the Intermediate Peace.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The period was marked by severe pressure from both the Soviet Union and Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In April 1940, Germany invaded Denmark and Norway, thus sealing Finland's access to the North Sea.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The only spirit hole was Petsamo, through which, among others, 62 Seversky EP-1 aircraft ordered by Sweden were transported.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[27] With its ultimatums, the Soviet Union obtained the annexation of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in August 1940.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

An extensive aircraft fleet procurement programme was undertaken in September 1940, including six 30-aircraft fighter squadrons.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It was decided to make 90% of purchases from abroad; either from Germany or through it from other countries.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[28] Attempts were made to purchase aircraft both in December 1940, when General Talvela met Marshal Göring and in March 1941, when Grandell, the Inspector General of War Finance, met General Thomas.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 9 March 1941, Reich Marshal Adolf Hitler decided that the wishes of the Finns, among other things, to obtain aircraft were not “satisfiable for the time being”.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[29] In late 1940, a German team of pilots visited Russian warplanes.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In December that year, a German pilot took a test flight of a Polikarpov I-153 (VH-14) plane at Malmi [30].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In spring 1941, Finland handed over to Germany for test flight, among other things, one Polikarpov I-16 aircraft which was not recovered [31].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

50 Fokker D.XXIs from the State Aircraft Factory, the Department of Defense successfully procured new Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior engines and used propellers for the Fokker D.XXI aircraft from the United States.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were built in Kolho.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first of the machines was completed on 29 October 1940 and the remainder except one in January—June 1941.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Twin Wasp Junior was heavier than the Mercury and supercharged for a lower flying altitude.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

An armour-seat was ordered for the plane, as well as rubbering for petrol and oil tanks.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The modifications increased the weight and as a result the performance of the machine worsened to the training machine class [32].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes went to intelligence squadrons.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The design of the VL Storm destroyer to be ordered was started in April 1940 as a matter of urgency.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Efforts were made to increase engine power and the specification of the machine was changed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The prototype was ordered on 20 December 1940 and it did not make its maiden flight until 23 December 1941.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[28] 25 Morane-Saulniers and 29 Curtiss Hawks of German war booty stocks The Chief of War Economy, Major General Leonard Grandell negotiated with Germany's highest war economy officer, General Thomas, about supplies of war supplies in May 1940 but received an absolutely negative response.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[33] The situation changed in August/September 1940 after Germany requested the right of transit for soldiers to Kirkenes.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The contract was concluded on 22 September 1940 and prior to this the acquisition of weapons and aircraft from Germany had already started.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Under contract number 1187 reached in early October 1940, 55 Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and 30 Curtiss Hawk destroyers were included.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Germany did not want and could not sell its own modern equipment, as it was still an ally of the Soviet Union and supplies had to fit its explanation to the Soviet Union that it supplied arms as compensation for supplies it had stopped during the Winter War.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[34] 25 Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 machines were eventually obtained.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Ten came in boxes to the aircraft factory at the turn of the year 1940—1941, another ten between June and August 1941, and the remaining five in November 1941.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Some of the machines were of the M.S.410 model with four wing machine rifles and a fixed radiator.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[35] The planes went to Air Squadron 28 and Reconnaissance Squadron 14.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Twenty-nine Curtiss Hawk machines were purchased.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were German spoils of war from France and Norway.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Seven of the machines had a 1200 hp Wright R-1820 Cyclone engine and the rest effectively had a 1065 hp producing Pratt & Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were new or used and refurbished by the Germans.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Twenty-seven planes were received in the summer of 1941 and two in December


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[36] The planes went to Reconnaissance Air Squadron 12 and 14, which however had to hand over their new planes in July 1941 to Air Squadron 32.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Macchi and Falco deals from Italy tapered to gold and special metals Finland negotiated with Italy during 1940 for Macchi M.C.200 and Reggiane Re.2000 Falco fighters.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Sweden ordered 60 of the latter.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 1 November 1940, Finland received a bid for 30 Falcos that would have been delivered at the turn of the 1940—1941 season.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In addition, Finland received a bid for 50 Fiat G.50bis fighter jets.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Finns had bad experiences with the machine and especially its engine.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On the other hand, 88 enemy aircraft were dropped in the Continuation War, so capacity was found in the plane.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, transactions with Italy fall due to Italy's demand for gold and special metals; no clearing trade took place for it [37].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A Brewster manufacturing license was not acquired Although the 44 Brewsters purchased from the United States never made it to the Winter War, the plane had time to prove to be a surprisingly good fighter aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Finland inquired about the possibilities of purchasing a manufacturing licence in April 1940 and the price was obtained for the licence.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

For some reason, however, negotiations broke off in late May 1940 and the manufacturing license went unobtained.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

[37] Procurement of fighter jets in the Continuation War When negotiating Finland's participation in Operation Barbarossa, Lieutenant-General Heinrichs forwarded to Germany a request to quickly obtain 100 to 200 aircraft — without success [38].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Even at the beginning of the Continuation War, Germany did not agree to sell Finland its current fleet of aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

From the German point of view, there was no need: the Finnish front was peaceful and Germany's own squadrons were undernumbered.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

War spoils and spare parts could be purchased, but even that trade was slow and bureaucratic [39].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

30 Morane-Saulnier M.S.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

406s from France 1942 France offered Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 fighters to Finland in February 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were at Chateauroux and they were little flown but in poor condition from outside storage.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Air Force ordered 30 aircraft selected by the Finnish Command in June—September 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were put in flight condition and tested at Chateauroux.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

These planes were flown to Finland, the first batch embarked on a transfer flight on 11 July 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The last planes arrived in Finland in October [40].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Mörkö-Morane commissioned 1942 Meanwhile (in September 1942) the commander of Air Regiment 2, Colonel Richard Lorenz sent a letter to Morane-Saulnier M.S.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

From the 406's shortcomings to Air Force HQ.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In his pleading, Lorenz states that the plane is unsuitable for being a fighter aircraft due to its engine power, maintenance characteristics and insufficient spare parts stocks.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

He suggested that the Hispano-Suiza 12Y engine would be fitted to replace either the Klimov M-105 or the Klimov M-103.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Planning for the modification work began immediately and test installation on MS-631 commenced in October 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The plane was completed for test flights in February 1943.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The installation was very successful and the performance characteristics of the machine improved significantly.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The top speed was between 490 and 510 km/h while on the worn Hispano-Suiza the top speed was barely more than 430 km/h.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Armament was also improved when a 20 mm Mauser MG-151/20 cannon was fitted to the propeller shaft - the same gun was in the Messerschmitt BF-109.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Preparation for series modifications began in October 1943 but the engines were not obtained from German war booty stocks until February 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Four machines modified as serial work were handed over in August 1944, by the end of 1944 17 machines had been modified and with the handover of the last in March 1945 all the remaining 41 Morane-Saulnier M.S.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The 406 aircraft had been converted to Mörkö-Morans [41].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A domestic fighter aircraft for the serial manufacture of the Storm 50 planes 1942 50 machine VL Storm series (3 test planes + 47 serial aircraft) was ordered on 18 August 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The test series was completed between April and September 1943 but one of the test aircraft (MY-2) was destroyed already in June 1943, another (MY-3) in November 1943 and a third (MY-4) in March 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Due to the overweight of the prototype (MY-1), the test series had been lightened to the extreme, encountering problems due to oscillation.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Both the wing and especially the rudder and stabilizers had to be strengthened.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Of the 47 serial aircraft, one was completed in January and the rest between July and December 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Reconnaissance Air Squadron 12 and Reconnaissance Air Squadron 16 engaged the Storms during the Continuation War.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In addition to vibration problems, the use value of the Storm was lowered by wartime substitute glues and varnishes that did not protect the wood-built machine enough.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were imposed on a final no-fly on 9 May 1947 [42].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A Brewster clone for serial manufacture of VL Humu 90 aircraft in 1942 The State Aircraft Factory had made both a wood and metal wing on the Brewster fighter in the autumn of 1942, as well as fitting a 1000 hp Shvetsov M-63 war booty engine on it in May 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Since Brewster's drawings were already largely in existence and good experience with Brewster, on 16 October 1942 the Air Force Staff ordered a pre-series of five planes and in November it was confirmed that the intention was to make a series of 90 machines for which to begin reserving raw materials.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In October 1942, more than 200 M-63 engines and auxiliaries were ordered from the German war booty stock.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The profitability of the VL Humu project began to be doubted in September 1943 when the strong development of the Soviet Air Force was noted.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, the project was not aborted as it was thought the machines would be fit when completed, at least for reconnaissance squadrons.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A large series of 90 machines was ordered in November 1943, reduced to 60 machines in May 1944, and suspended in June 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Only a prototype belonging to the pre-series of five machines (HM-671) was completed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It made its maiden flight on 8 August 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Otherwise, the entire 90-plane series was cancelled in September 1944 [43].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first squadron of 30 Messerschmitt Bf 109 aircraft from Germany 1943 Finland had tried throughout the Continuation War to purchase up-to-date equipment from Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In late 1942, hopes began to be fulfilled.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

German misfortunes on the Eastern Front (Russian counterattacks in August—September on Leningrad and November 1942 on the Stalingrad fronts), Germany's growing aircraft production, as well as Finnish dreams of a separate peace were the proponents of sales of one squadron.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The squadron of 30 planes included 16 new and 14 used but repaired Messerschmitt Bf 109G-2s.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The procurement contract was signed on 1 February 1943 and the contract involved keeping the squadron to full strength by replacing the destroyed machinery with new ones.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Sixteen new planes were received to Finland in March 1943, but 14 were not used until May 1943 due to the arms supply ban imposed by Germany due to the peace pledges in Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Six replenishment aircraft were received between August and November 1943 and, early in 1944, 12.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Thus, the number of G-2 machines became 48.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The G-2s were handed over to Air Squadron 34, which in turn turned over the planes in March—April 1944 to Air Squadron 24 while receiving G-6 aircraft themselves [44].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The cyclone prototype ordered in 1943 The incomplete performance of the Storm fighter prototype was noticed when the prototype was given to be flown to the Test Squadron in 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In this case, the idea of installing a more powerful Daimler-Benz DB 605 engine in the Storm was smirked.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

However, it did not turn out because the bow of the plane would have become too long and, moreover, the fuselage of the plane was designed for a star engine.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

For this reason, it was decided to design a new machine based on the DB 605.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

At the end of May 1942, the State Aircraft Factory sent a proposal, on the basis of which pre-design of the plane was started.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Air Force Staff placed a preliminary order for the plane's design and two prototypes in November 1942 and confirmed the order on 13 April 1943.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In September, the State Aircraft Factory produced achievement value calculations for five different variants.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machine, which was named VL Cyclone, was implemented on the basis of the PM-1 option, although the specification was changed as development progressed.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

VL Puuska was born on the basis of the PM-5.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Works at the State Aircraft Factory were prioritised on 3 March 1944, when VL Cyclone was reassigned to fill work.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The prototype made its maiden flight on 21 November 1945.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Test flights were discontinued in April 1947; VL Cyclone had time to fly in 27 hours.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machine became equal to the Messerschmitt Bf 109G-6 [45].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

MiG-3s remain unavailable 1943 Germany offered Finland the MiG-3s it received as spoils of war in December 1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

There were 22 planes and they were new and little flown but without weapons and radios.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were packed in boxes, some of which had been damaged in transports.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were ordered on 22 December 1942 and the Finns prepared in spring 1943 to receive the machines until on 13 May 1943 came the information that the planes had been destroyed by aerial bombardment [46].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The MiG-3 was difficult to fly.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

It was fast at high altitude (640 km/h: the world's fastest fighter aircraft between 1940 and 1941) but relatively slow at low altitude.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machine was not agile, making it unsuitable for curve combat.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Armament consisted of one 12.7 mm and two 7.62 mm machine guns.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

A total of over 3400 pieces of the machine were produced 1940—1942.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The use of the machine as a front fighter ended in 1943.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

15 Curtiss Hawk aircraft from Germany in 1943 Although the Curtiss Hawk was obsolete as a front fighter, the Air Force Staff decided in June 1943 to replenish the losses suffered by Air Squadron 32 to full strength.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 18 June 1943, 15 Curtiss Hawk aircraft originating from the Free France Air Force were ordered from Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines had been idle for three years.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were flown to Finland between June 1943 and January 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 29 June 1943, it was decided to switch the engines of the Curtiss Hawk fleet to the fresher Twin Wasp engines, which had been renovated for the VL Storm series by Aero Ltd.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Similarly, 7.7 mm hull machine rifles began to be exchanged for 12.7 mm machine guns [47].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The second and third Messerschmitt Bf 109 squadrons of 30 planes from Germany in 1944 after the Front betrayed and the German Army withdrew against promises to the Narva River in Estonia, Marshal General Wilhelm Keitel inquired about Finland's needs to compensate for the increased threat.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 2 February 1944, Marshal Mannerheim sent a letter to Keitel, with an attached list requesting additional Bf 109 and Bf 110 fleet to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The supply contract for the 2nd Squadron was awarded directly to Messerschmitt AG in early March 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The first G-6 aircraft came to Finland as early as 16 March 1944 and all 30 aircraft were delivered between March and April 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes went to Air Squadron 34, which handed over its G-2 aircraft to Air Squadron 24 [48].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The squadron received 14 G-6s as replenishment aircraft in June 1944 [49].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On 9 June 1944, the Soviet Union launched a major offensive on the Isthmus.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Finland asked Germany for help 11—12.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

on June 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

As a result of the request for help, Germany detached a third 30-plane Messerschmitt Bf 109 squadron to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Twenty-eight of the planes were flown to Finland at the turn of June/July 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were received by Air Squadron 28.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Two planes were left damaged on the voyage.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

As a complement to the 2nd and 3rd Squadrons, 29 G-6 aircraft were received in July—August 1944 [49].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Detachment Kuhlmey to Finland Following the start of the major invasion of the Isthmus, and after Finland requested help from Germany to repel the invasion, Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler decided to send a flight detachment in support of the Finns on the Isthmus.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

This was no charity on Hitler's part; he was trying to prolong Finland's voluntary struggle alongside Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Hitler has also had a better view than the Finns of what it was to come, since Lieutenant Colonel Kurt Kuhlmey was informed to assemble a department in Tartu to support Finland already on 10 June 1944 — before Finland's request for help [50].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Flight Detachment Kuhlmey arrived in Finland on 17 June 1944 and received use of Immola Airfield.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Flight Section had Junkers Ju 87 crash bombers, Focke-Wulf Fw 190A fighters, Focke-Wulf Fw 190F fighter-bombers and Messerschmitt Bf 109G-8 reconnaissance aircraft at the same time around 70 aircraft.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Airborne Division dropped hundreds of bombers on the attackers, destroying, among other things, about 200 tanks.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The division's destroyers shot down more than 100 Soviet destroyers [51].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The division left Finland on 23 July 1944 except for the Focke-Wulf Fw 190F fighter-bomber squadron which disembarked on 13 August 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

11 Messerschmitt Bf 109 aircraft as Ribbentrop aid from Germany 1944 German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop came to Finland on 22 June 1944 to persuade the Finnish leadership to continue the war alongside Germany.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The Soviets demanded that Finland surrender at the same time.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Eventually, President Risto Ryti sent a letter to German Reich Chancellor Adolf Hitler promising that neither he nor his government will make peace with the Soviet Union without German permission.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Against this personal assurance of Ryti, Germany had to supply Finland with aid.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Germany's chances of supplying Finland with aid were undermined by the fracturing of the front in Belarus, which began with the Soviet Grand Offensive on 22 June 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

“Ribbentrop-apuna” made it 24—29 to Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

On August 1944 ten Messerschmitt Bf 109 G-6 aircraft, as the eleventh was left damaged on the voyage.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The replenishment of the machinery would apparently have continued at a good pace since already in June Germany had released 242 Bf 109s and 180 spare engines for Finland [49] (five squadrons of 30 planes and 92 replenishment aircraft).


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The spoils of the Continuation War At the beginning of the Continuation War, Finland received a few Polikarpov I-153 aircraft as spoils, of which three were repaired to flying condition.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

As spoils of war in the Winter War, eight machines were obtained.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

In addition to these, ten I-153 aircraft were purchased from the German war booty depot on 18 November 1942, seven of which were flown to Finland in December 1942 and three damaged en route in January—September 1943.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were used at the beginning of the Continuation War by Air Squadron 6, subjected to the Navy, which was later formed into Air Squadron 30.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Although the squadron was a fighter squadron its duties mostly included reconnaissance in the Gulf of Finland.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Another user was Reconnaissance Air Squadron 16, which received I-153s 25—27.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

on June 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

During the Continuation War, Polikarpov I-16 planes were obtained as spoils of war, one of which was put in flight condition.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

One two-seat I-16 (UTI-4) was also obtained.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The planes were not used in combat missions.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The LAGG-3 was obtained as spoils of war several, three of which were put into flight condition between 1942 and 1944.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

The machines were used until December 1944 by Air Squadron 32 [52].


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Donald, David| title = The Encyclopedia of World Aircraft| location = Enderby, Leicester, UK| publisher = Bookmart Ltd| year = 1997| id = ISBN 1-85605-375-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Haapanen, Atso| title = Finnish Air Force Fighter Acquisitions 1918-1945| location = Helsinki| publisher = Koala cost| year = 2002| id = ISBN 952-5186-16-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jakobson, Max| title = Diplomats Winter War| location = Vantaa | publisher = Dark Oy| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-0-27536-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Keskinen, Kalevi, Partonen, Kyösti & Stenman, Kari| title = Finnish Air Force 1928-1940| location = Porvoo| publisher = Kari Stenman| year = 2006| id = ISBN 952-99743-0-2}} error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Jukka| title = Pilot's view| location = Forssa| publisher = Jukka Ruinio| year = 1991| id = ISBN}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Jukka| title = Pilot's Perspective II| location = Forssa| publisher = Jukka Ruunio| year = 1993| id = 9BN 51-96866-0-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Jukka| title = History of State Aircraft Factory.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Part 1: Pioneer Years 1921-1932| location = Forssa| publisher = Jukka Ruunio| year = 2005| id = ISBN 951-96866-5-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Jukka| title = History of the State Aircraft Factory.


Question: How many G-class destroyers did Britain have?

Part 2: Tampere and the wars 1933-1944| location = Forssa| publisher = Jukka Raunio| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951-96866-7-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Saarinen, Ahti| title = Air Force operations in Finland 1918-1920| location = Lahti| publisher = Eugenher TA Cooperative & Ahti Saarinen| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-98755-0-6}} References Category:Fighter aircraft * Category:Finnish air forces of the Winter War Category:Finnish air forces of the Continuation War


Question: What was Aarne Orjatsalo's first directorial?

Archive 44

To designate disability sports I propose the following: Disability riding → Paratriding and Disability Swimming → Parswimming.


Question: What was Aarne Orjatsalo's first directorial?

Archive 44

—Pe-ga-sos (debate) 25 February 2018 at 2:43pm (EET) Why?


Question: What was Aarne Orjatsalo's first directorial?

Archive 44

—Jmk (debate) 25 February 2018 at 3:40pm (EET) Paralympic sports are/may be para-beginning.


Question: What was Aarne Orjatsalo's first directorial?

Archive 44

—Huhdanjo (debate) 25 February 2018 at 15:54 (EET) It is not intended for the Paralympics only.