Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In September 1930, however, in Turku, Kosola tried to appease statements belonging to the radical wing, saying: “The Lapua movement has not sought and does not seek to dominate the country.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

For that are the government, the parliament and the various governing bodies”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Onni Happonen murder Along with the slaying of Suutari Erik Itto, the most famous blood act of the Lapua movement was the murder of Social Democrat Onni Happonen, chairman of the Heinävesi Municipal Board.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 1 September 1930, he was kidnapped in connection with a local council meeting in front of a large crowd of people by forcing Happone using violence into a passenger car.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

His body was found two years later buried in the forest just off the Karvio Canal along the road between Joensuu and Varkaus.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The body showed signs of a fierce beating and an autopsy determined the death had been caused by a bullet fired in the head.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[22] Otto Pakarinen, a laborer, was condemned for the killing of Happonen, who, however, had apparently taken the blame for a large sum of money.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Despite eyewitnesses to the abduction, the true culprits of the murder went undetermined and unpunished.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Members of the Lapuan movement from Kuopio or Heinävesi's own activists, who have been considered at least named Onni Hartio, are suspected of being the real culprits.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[23] After the funeral of Onni Happonen, the wreaths laid on the tomb during the following night were dispersed and spread around the churchyard.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[22] Autumn Parliamentary elections 1930 and the decline in support of the movement Parliamentary elections 1 to 2.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

October raised a political storm.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua movement pressured bourgeois parties to create a pan-bourgeois front.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Although the unity of the popular movement began to crack, as moderates and radicals began to take together even more.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, the movement's leadership urged its supporters in mid-September to stop the rides under pressure from the government.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In September, an electoral alliance called the Patriotic Electoral Alliance was created, in which all patriotic, or practically anti-communist elements, according to the definition of the movement, regardless of party affiliation, were to be assembled.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, the electoral alliance received no more than 10000 votes.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Intellectuals and power figures appealed before the election both for and against the popular movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

For example, Mannerheim and Danielson-Kalmari became supporters of the Lapua movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the elections, the bourgeois parties received 134 delegates and the Social Democrats 66.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The National Coalition increased its seat count from 28 to 42 delegates.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Communists' Electoral Organisation, whose nomination was subject to partial hurdles, received only 11504 votes, or 1.02% of the vote, yielding no seats in parliament.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The new parliament voted with the smallest possible two-thirds qualified majority to enforce the Republic Protection Act, which officially banned communist activities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In Finland, the far left did not have any legal rights to operate until after the Continuation War in 1944.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In December, the Labor Peace Act was enacted, by which time the movement's key objectives had been pushed through.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Around the same time, support for the movement began to decline.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The main factor in the popularity of the popular movement was particularly the late-summer and autumn 1930 ride-hailing scandals.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Most of the fall rides were done locally as acts by individual individuals in the name of the Lapua movement and the spirit of Lapua, many without the knowledge of the movement's leading figures.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On the other hand, the movement did not condemn rides either, so the rides ate up the movement's endorsement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Finally, the worst blow to the endorsement was the famous ride of the first President of Finland (25 July 1919 — 1 March 1925) K. J. Ståhlberg to Joensu on 14 October 1930.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The ride idea was an ill-conceived project under the chief of the General Staff, Ice Kuussaari, Major-General Kurt Martti Wallenius.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Wallenius, too, was considered to have been involved in the ride.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

He lost office and served time in prison until July 1931, when he was acquitted by the Supreme Court as innocent.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, for service in the defence forces, Wallenius was unable to get back until the Winter War.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] [24] Ståhlberg's ride was a bad blow to the whole Lapua movement, as the movement was generally considered to be the culprit of the act.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The ride can also be attributed to the radicalisation of the movement's supporters.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Ståhlberg was opposed from his old age in a circle of activists and the right wing of the Coalition, but still the whole Lapuan movement did not consider the ride sensible.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

For the Social Democrats and the libertarian bourgeoisie, a bourgeois legalman, Ståhlberg, the first president of the republic, was a symbol of constitutional democracy.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The ride led to the abolition and merger of Suomen Luko into the Lapuan movement after its secretary, Mikko Jaskari, was involved in the case.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] After Ståhlberg's ride, the Agrarian League and the National Progress Party broke away from the pro-Lapua Movement group.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The parties formed a so-called Legality Front with the Swedish People's Party, of which the Social Democrats served as a kind of external member.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Svinhufvud government decided that the riders had to be brought to justice and demanded the Lapuan movement stop protecting the paraphrasers.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

When the police began to capture suspects of the mullet, Lapua's movement responded with mass force and organised a mass enrollment of paraphernalia in a building managed by Ostrobotnia in Töölöö, Helsinki, where 400 people arrived.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Similar events took place around the country and eventually police had 10,000 suspects to question.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The government again found itself in an embarrassing situation.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lord of Vaasa, K. V. Martonen, on the other hand, did not even agree to continue the investigations, justifying that the province was so pro-Lapuan that it was impossible to catch the riders.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In Ostrobothnia, the violence against communists was seen as patriotic acts, not crimes.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The mass enrolments of riders across Finland were the last events of the anti-communist movement known as the Lapuan movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] In the end, 14% of those taking part in the ride were challenged.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

There were 656 charges filed for the rides, 38 per cent of which lapsed.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

10% of those convicted were handed an unconditional prison sentence.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

So, of the riders, the vast majority did not receive any kind of conviction.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

One in five people who were victims of political violence during the rides demanded and received justice.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Although the rides of Väinö Hakkila and K. J. Ståhlberg were a bad blow to Lapua's movement, in a sense these two rides had the effect the mulletters hoped for.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

After his amusement, Hakkila sharpened his attitude towards the Communists and got along well with the MPs of the Patriotic People's Movement, or former Lapuans, during the wars.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Ståhlberg continued to stand on his line of legality, but no longer criticised the actions of the Lapua movement as strongly.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] However, this was not enough for the more radical supporters of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In February 1931, with the presidential election battle at its hottest, the main pro-Lapuans' activist magazine called for the assassination of President Ståhlberg.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

By order of the Minister of the Interior, the edition of that issue was confiscated, but editor-in-chief Vihtori Kosola was not dared to be arrested.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[25] The Lapua Liika Ry Presidential election 1931 and the objectives of Lapuan Liika Ry With the radicalization of Summer and Autumn 1930, moderate circles left the Lapua Movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

22—23 p.m.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

At a popular movement meeting on November 1930, the Lapuan Liika Ry was established.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The founders were practically representatives of the radical wing of the popular movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The purpose was to create more organizational features of the popular movement and to clarify its ambiguous leadership.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua Joko Ry introduced district division and local divisions according to patron municipal districts.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

At the turn of 1931—1932, the organization had a membership of about 30,000.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Although it is difficult to calculate, and it is not exactly known how much active part of the Spring—Summer 1930 Lapuan movement, the number of members of the organisation was probably considerably less than that of the previous popular movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] However, the organisation of the movement remained halfway.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In late autumn 1931, the former Chief of the General Staff Kurt Martti Wallenius, who as a good organiser, was elected General Secretary, Kurt Martti Wallenius, who, as a good organiser, was able to hold the wires in some way in his hands.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Although the organisation had important financial supporters from the business and business world, such as Rafael Haarla and Petter Forsström, Wallenius' salary was paid by a volunteer group of Ostrobothian men assembled by Jussi Muilu.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] However, the Lapua Movement, which transformed itself from the People's Movement to Lapua Ry, still managed to influence the country's politics in the future, especially in the March 1931 presidential election, which can be counted as the last show of political strength for the movement before the Mäntsälä rebellion.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Although it was already more difficult to influence, as support for the movement had diminished considerably in the circles of the Agrarian League, the National Progress Party and the Swedish People's Party.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The presidential elections in March 1931 were becoming another political crisis for good reason, because Pehr Evind Svinhufvud, who was firmly supported by the Lapua Movement, and K. J. Ståhlberg of the Legality Front.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the Agrarian League, leaders such as Juho Niukkanen tried to get supporters behind Svinhufvud.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Svinhufvud's endorsement was partly based on the fact that the election of Ståhlberg might lead to unrest and derail the country into a really bad crisis.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Svinhufvud was also believed to hold with his authority the Lapua Movement and the extremists that sympathize with it in check.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

This was especially hoped for in agrarian circles.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Svinhufvud tried to cool the feelings of the sharpest Lapuans by releasing a communique through STT in February saying that all districts should accept the election result, whatever it may be.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

A couple of days after this communication, the ingredients for the crisis emerged when Activist magazine, which advocated the steep line of the Lapua Movement, published a writing that was interpreted to mean that Ståhlberg should be fired if Svinhufvud did not get elected.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Owned by Yrjö Nikula, Activist was edited by Vilho Viita and also had its Swedish language sister magazine, Aktivisten.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The activist's cover featured a picture of Mannerheim, set by Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen, under which read “History always repeats”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

An article written by Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen called “Shots” was found on the inside pages.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the article, it was written to readers that heroes like Eugen Schauman and Bobi Sivén would still be needed.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

New Finland tried to explain and understand the writing in its editorial, writing that Eerolainen's “uneasy mood can be embraced in light of recent state cases”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Erkki V. Kuokkanen, an agrarian minister of the interior, ordered the magazine's entire edition to be seized and the editor arrested.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, since the formal editor-in-chief of the magazine was Vihtori Kosola, the arrest was not carried out so as not to escalate the situation.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[26] [2] Eventually, in the first round of electors in the presidential election, they were facing off against P. E. Svinhufvud, K. J. Ståhlberg and Kyösti Kallio, who was still in the second round.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Ståhlberg did not become selected in the third round, as the Agrarian selectors went behind Svinhufvud.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

When it was announced in parliament that Svinhufvud was elected president by a vote of 151—149, the audience in the parliament's galleries erupted into applause, but Svinhufvud roared, “Shut up, this is no theatre!”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Those who supported the Lapua Movement had come to follow the election, as was the case when voting for the Republic's Protection Act.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The receding Relanderkin found the result easing, writing in his diary: “The cause of the fatherland came to be saved.”


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Svinhufvud managed to keep the Lapuans practically in complete silence for the next six months.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

And even so Svinhufvud played a great role in stopping the Mäntsälä rebellion.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Later, it has been concluded that the election of Ståhlberg would have raised a larger wave of Lapuan lawlessness than in the summer of 1930.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] [27] Svinhufvud also generally implemented policies desired by bourgeois circles and the Lapua Movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

For example, he decided to improve the state of national defence, which failed to improve for party political reasons, and was not easy in the future.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua Movement had called for Mannerheim as Chairman of the Defence Council, whom Svinhufvud immediately appointed to this post.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Svinhufvud also secretly appointed Mannerheim as wartime commander-in-chief.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Ståhlberg, on the other hand, disliked Mannerheim.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The Lapuan Movement really went silent for six months.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Support for the movement fell further once the last goal had been achieved.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Support for the movement had fallen all along as it had achieved its objectives.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In general, the movement thus began to be seen as futile, once communism and the far left had been eradicated, a bourgeois government erected, site terror removed and Svinhufvud elected president.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The movement began to focus on its next target, the eradication of social democracy.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua Movement had already shown signs of anti-social democracy in the autumn of 1930, but in November at the founding meeting of the Lapua Joint RY it adopted the abolition of the SDP as its official goal.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The whole of the popular movement had been based on high and strong risks for and against feelings, but the goal of eradicating the Social Democrats has many times been regarded as its biggest mistake.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Finnish people did not consider the SDP a threat, but they were not sympathetic to communism, as demonstrated by the results of the parliamentary elections.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, the movement began to believe truly in its phrase “We do what we will” and considered it possible that the SDP could be removed wherever the communists were.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Especially it believed in direct action, because the demands of a popular movement, would not have passed without foreign parliamentary direct means, lawlessness and violence.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The eradication of social democracy was justified by the fact that the SDP had voted against the Republic's Protection Act and tried to slow down the implementation of communist legislation.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Similarly, it held that the remaining communists or other far-leftists in Finland had infiltrated this only remaining left-wing party.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Accordingly, it was necessary to eradicate the entire left.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Some extremists of the Lapuans were also apparently planning to get rid of the legal front, which was on good terms with the SDP.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] With the radicalisation and destruction of the Lapua Movement on 17 September 1931, the RKP Minister of the Interior Ernst von Born gave the order to open the Lapua Workers' House, which had been nailed up in November 1929 immediately after the Communist Challenge Party.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The movement had lived in silence, but von Born re-raised its will to fight, especially as von Born had challenged to ask which one would impose, the government or Kosola.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

A citizens' assembly was again held in Lapua, at the conclusion of which on 21 September 1931, the Lapua Workers' House was nailed and boarded up with a force of two thousand men.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Iivari Koivisto gave a speech before nailing, and after nailing, a telegram was sent to the makers which read: “The house is closed and remains”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The nailing of the Labour House became a true Lapuan folk celebration and the government was forced to bend again in the face of Lapuan mass force.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Threat of coup The incident caused the coup rumours to start swirling again as it did among the left in the autumn of 1930.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The rumours gained further impetus when statements were released from the Lapuan movement that spoke only vaguely of the need to change the state order.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Union of Revolutionary War Frontmen and the Provincial Movement were suspected as possible planners of the coup project.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In November, the domestic political situation began to escalate and rumors grew.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On November 14, 1931, a meeting was held in Lapua at which the so-called Programme Declaration was drawn up, calling for a transition to a majority electoral system, the tying of voting rights to the ability to pay taxes, the abandonment of social reforms, the transfer of power of parliament to the government, agricultural production support for the liberation of those involved in illegal activities in the Lapua movement and the prohibition of social democratic activities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The majority electoral system was intended to create a strong one-party bourgeois government, which would be strengthened by delegating the power of parliament to it.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Tying the right to vote to the ability to pay taxes was apparently to guarantee that the poorer working population would not be allowed to vote Left, which would, however, be effectively wiped out by the banning of the Social Democrats (in which case the majority of voters on the left would probably have moved to vote “left-wing burghers”).


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The demands tell the Lapuan Movement, with its demands, moved considerably more to the right from the original popular movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[28] In particular, the restriction of the right to vote by wealth informed this, especially since the adherence to the original popular movement included many underprivileged peasants and entrepreneurs affected by the depression.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[4] On 7 November 1931, in an editorial in Helsingin Sanomat, Eljas Erkko wrote that a coup d'état was going to be carried out in the country, probably led by K. M. Wallenius, who had just been elected secretary-general, and Arne Somersalo, editor of Aika's Suunta magazine.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Instead, Esko Riekki, the chief of the Detective Central Police (EK), said, along with the Coalition and the press supporting it, that no action was planned in the country, at most a level of vandalism.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Late in the year, the rebellion among the Lapuans was the failure of Svinhufvud to carry out the measures advocated by the Lapuans to bring down social democratic activities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

As the BC was not trusted, the secret society Pro Patria et Lege — For the Fatherland and Law, which, as a moderate-bourgeois counterforce to the Lapua Movement, had been founded in autumn 1931.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[29] The situation really began to escalate on January 25, 1932.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

A citizens' meeting was held in Mäntsälä, at the end of which, according to the Social Democrat of Finland, it was decided to nail down all the working houses in Mäntsälä.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Ohkola Workers' House and many other workers' houses had time to close and Bruno Jalander, the mayor of Uusimaa County, sent the Mobile Police Department to calm the situation.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapuans began to regard von Born as a traitor to the earth because he protected the socialists and their activities by his actions.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 27 February, Mikko Erich, MP Mikko Erich, who had defected from the Coalition Party to the Social Democratic Party, was scheduled to be held at the Ohkola Workers' House in Mäntsälä.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Erich was considered a traitor to the ground, as he had before unveiled statues commemorating the Revolutionary War and had been an active Coalition, but later converted to socialist.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 24 February 1932, support troops from the Lapua Movement arrived in Mäntsälä and the district chief of the Patron Municipal District of Northern Uusimaa, Paavo Susitaival, asked to cancel Erich's speaking event because unrest might arise, but this request was refused.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Mäntsälä Rebellion Finally, on 27 February 1932, 400—700 patrons interrupted by shooting Erich's speech session at the Ohkola Workers' House.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Initially it was supposed to disperse after the meeting was broken up, but the patrons, under Lieutenant Artturi Vuorimaa, moved to the Mäntsälä patronage house and refused to surrender to the authorities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 28 February 1932, Vuorimaa issued a rebellion declaration and the Mäntsälä rebellion, or nerve battle between the government and the Lapuan Movement, began.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On the same day, Pro Patria et Lege — For the Fatherland and the Law was activated.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 29 February, the Lapuan Movement leadership positioned itself to support the rebellion after evening and nightly reflection.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The next day the Coalition positioned itself to support the rebels and the rebels as well as the Lapua Movement appeared to be on the head of the neck.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, Ostrobothian troops arrived in Mäntsälä and 5000 to 7000 patrons moved throughout the country.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Jyväskylä was held by the rebels and 1000 armed patron municipalities had gathered at Pori's patron council house.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Similarly, there was movement in Salo.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Although President Svinhufvud was right-wing, he could not allow another civil war and the wreckage of democracy.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Thus, he gave his famous radio speech on 3 March 1932, appealing to the patron municipalities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

This promise and appeal caused the rebellion colonies to disintegrate: [2] [30] 4—5.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On March 1932, the Lapuan Movement leadership decided to put down the rebellion.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

On 5 March, the rebellion colony in Jyväskylä broke up, and the following night it was reported that the rebels in Mäntsälä would surrender.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

By 10:00 in the morning of 7 March, the insurgency leadership reported and thus definitively the rebellion came to an end.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Lapuan Movement leadership was sentenced to prison terms.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The activities of Lapuan Joko Ry had been banned in practice as early as 29 February under the Republic's Protection Act, but Interior Minister Arvo Mainland disbanded the organisation on 24 March.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The decision was upheld by the Court of Racing 28.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

May.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[31] The heirs of the Lapuan movement Vihtori Kosola returned from captivity on 20 October 1932 to Lapua and the event was a great folk festival.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

To continue the legacy of the Lapuan movement, the Patriotic People's Movement was founded on 5 June 1932.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The party began its activities on 14 June 1932 at the Assembly of Representatives in Lapua.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Patriotic People's Movement continued to see the goal of eradicating social democracy in its party program, but operated as a party with the rules of the game of democracy and parliamentarism, despite the background of its predecessor.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Patriotic People's Movement was only a parliamentary party among others in its emphasis on legality, parliamentarism and democracy.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

This annoyed many old representatives of the radical wing of the Lapuan Movement, such as Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen, who relied on active direct action.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, the Patriotic People's Movement was quite a different political movement from the Lapua Movement and operated in a completely different social situation.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The Patriotic People's Movement formed a “Patriotic Electoral Union” with the Coalition in the 1933 parliamentary elections, obtaining 14 seats, eating the votes of the Coalition so that the Coalition's number of seats fell from 42 to 18.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the 1936 elections it gained 14 seats again and in the 1939 elections 8 seats.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The party sat in Rangell's government from 4 January 1941 to 5 March 1943.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Article 21 of the Moscow Interim Peace Treaty called for the abolition of all “pro-Hitlerite organisations”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

These were interpreted by Finnish policymakers as referring to patriotic and national defence organisations such as the Academic Karelala-Seura, Lotta-Svärd, Patronuskunta and Patriotic People's Movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, the Finnish Brothers-in-Arms Federation had to be abolished.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Patriotic People's Movement was ordered disbanded four days after the conclusion of a peace treaty on 23 September 1944.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

[4] Leadership of the Lapuan Movement Many times the Lapuan movement is thought to have been a more derived organisation than it was.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The only region under the effective control of the Lapuan movement was Southern Ostrobothnia, which was almost in mystical value during the Lapuan years.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In fact, the “Lapua Movement” was commonly referred to as the anti-communist movement in the country, as well as the events connected to it.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Ultimately, the movement was united only by anti-communism, in the signs of which quite diverse persons, directions and circles participated in the movement's activities.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua movement did not have any membership book or card; anyone could act in the name of the Lapua movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the provinces outside southern Ostrobothnia, the spirit of Lapua, or anti-communist movement, relied on local organisations, patrons and former activists, as well as anyone who considered it necessary to eradicate communism in Finland.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

From the House of Kosola, contact was maintained by telegram and telephone with these major non-Ostrobothnian anti-communist circles; however, these were not directly under the command of Kosola or Lapua.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The vaguely and sporadically assembled leadership of the Lapua movement made no more than a few line-pulling decisions, which included organising “uprisings”, preparations for eradicating Communist printings for 16 June 1930, the capture of communist MPs from the Reichstag before 1. Reichstag meeting on July 1930, cessation of direct action for the duration of the Peasant March (7 July 1930) and Communist Acts and its resumption on 18 July 1930 with the Väinö Hakkila ride, purges of local councils from communists Lapua Movement based on the recommendation of the delegation on 24 July 1930, the purges ending in confrontation with the state power on 8—10.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

September 1930 and the cessation of violence on 15 September 1930 to guarantee a bourgeois electoral victory and a pan-bourgeois front in parliamentary elections 1—2.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

on October 1930.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Even these, the capture of the communists did not work like the capture of Rötkö-Pekkala by Eerolainen and Vuorimaa.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Especially K. R. Kares, as a former Reichstag, had opposed the capture of communist representatives in the middle of the Reichstag.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

A kind of general staff of the informal Lapua movement (before becoming an organization) was the House of Kosola in Lapua.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The attention of the media, citizens and politicians was just drawn to Kosola in the summer of 1930.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The leadership in Kosola as well as throughout the popular movement was not very tightly organised.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Communications were sent from Kosola and contacted by telegram and telephone with various provinces and politicians.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

A lot of support telegrams also arrived in Kosola, but also barking telegrams, especially from the American-Finnish Communists.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Kai Donner referred to Kosola's house as “the post office.”


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Similarly, several different persons visited the house with different requirements.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Lieutenant Artturi Vuorimaa, who worked in Kosola, described the leadership of the popular movement thus: defining the personnel leadership of the movement in Lapua is not easy either.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Many times, only Lapuan management has been spoken of, which is intended only for “Kosola and partners”.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the spring of 1930, Gustav Tiitu, Artturi Leinonen and Vihtori Kosola were the leaders of the movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

His inner circle also included the rector Hilja Riipinen and the vicar of Lapua, K. R. Kares, whose position was important especially at the beginning.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Martti Pihkala also played a role in the organization of the early stages.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Like the Agrarian League, Pihkala advocated maintaining a popular movement as a support movement for the government, rather than as a protest movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

So did docent Kai Donner, who had always been involved in various activist circles and right-wing organizations.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

Donner was not among the leading figures; he was essentially laying the ideological underpinnings of the movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

He had prestige in the old activist circles of Helsinki and thus was a major player in the Lapua movement in southern Finland.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

He remained a strong background influence throughout the existence of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Who led the Lapuan movement?

Lapuan Movement

The moderate legal line Suomen Lukko, led by Leinonen, operated from March to October 1930, but drifted to sidings from the popular movement shortly after its founding, after direct action began.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Originally, the Finnish Lukko was intended as an anti-communist umbrella organization.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

However, the Lukko operated as an independent anti-communist organization and had footholds in various provinces of Finland, although in Lapua, a leadership of its own had formed around Kosola.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Kosola's own management came about after the sledgehamming of the Voice of Work (28 March 1930) and the Vaasa riot (4 June 1930).


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

In the summer of 1930, the so-called Lapua Triumvirate, or the Tri-Lead of the Popular Movement, was born, consisting of the bank manager Iivari Koivisto and Vihtori Duke in addition to Vihtori Kosola.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

K. R. Kares' influence in the movement grew after the Peasant March (7 July 1930) and by autumn he was actively included in the leadership and his place in photographs alongside Koivisto, Kosola, and the Duke.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

To some extent, the election of Kares informed the rise in power of the radical wing.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapuan movement had many organizers who put Lapuan activities into practice.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The most famous of these organisers are Heikki Castrén, Lieutenant Artturi Vuorimaa and former detective Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen of the Detective Central Police (EK).


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The latter two represented the steep wing of the movement.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Eerolainen turned Activisti magazine into a radical wing sympathizer while working as a journalist at the magazine and was known as a hard paraphraser.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Later, Lieutenant Colonel Paavo Susitaival, older brother of Bobi Sivén, Repola's titular man, rose to become a well-known representative of the radical wing.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Susitaival served as district chief of the patron municipal district of Northern Uusimaa and is known to have taken part in the activities of the Lapuan movement at least as early as the time of the peasant march.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Since then, Susitaival was involved in the final stages of the radical Lapuan Movement and in the leadership of the Mäntsälä rebellion.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Several powerful men revolved around the leadership of the Lapuan movement, so the leadership was not entirely in the hands of these three, then four men.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

There has always been controversy over Kosola's leadership.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

He was more of an ideological leader, elevated to the great peasant leader of the peasant uprising, who was made the new James Ilkka.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

In late November 1930, the People's Movement was organized into an organization, thus becoming somewhat easier to define its leadership.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The new leading name was Kurt Martti Wallenius, who remained from the Reich's policy for siding in Ståhlberg, who became the organisation's general secretary.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Similarly, leading figures in the business world such as Rafael Haarla and Petter Forsström grew in importance as sponsors of the organisation.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

Hilja “Hurja-Hilja” Riipinen, who was known for his radical opinions, was also raised in the organisation.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The main voice supporter of the Lapua Movement Activist in 1930 was counted as the leaders of the movement: farmer K. V. Huhtala farmer and Vihtori Hertzen ice steward Antti Isotalo farmer Matti Malkamäki farmer Erkki Perheentupa Lt. Col. P. A. Helped farmer Juho (Jussi) Tala Captain Torsten Hedman Vicar of Lapua, Asseror K. R. Kares Later found guilty of the Mäntsälä revolt The basis can also be deduced from the organization's leading figures.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

These individuals, though, represented the last radical phase of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

The main persons responsible for the Mäntsälä revolt (27.2.-6 March 1931) were considered: Vihtori Kosola (farmer and peasant, leader of the Lapua Movement) Kurt Martti Wallenius (Major General, General Secretary of the Lapua Movement) Arne Somersalo (Lieutenant Colonel, Editor-in-Chief of Ajan Sanaa magazine, Finnish Former Commander of the Air Force) Paavo Susitaival (Lieutenant Colonel, District Head of Northern Uusimaa Patron District) Artturi Vuorimaa (Lieutenant, Chief Operating Officer of the Mäntsälä Rebellion) Arvo Lindh (former City Viscal of Kokkola, Treasurer of the Lapua Movement) Rafael Haarla (trade advisor, financial supporter of the Lapua Movement) Walde Sario (leader, Mäntsälä insurgency leader and leader of the Lapua movement alongside Wallenius and Kosola) Professor Juha Siltala has mentioned as leading hit-and-ride hitmen and organisers following Lapua movement actives: (In parentheses, the locality of which the person was the leader and organizer of the strike force.)


Question: Who led the Lapua movement?

Lapuan Movement

bank manager Yrjö Nikula (Lapua) Jaakko Muilu (Lapua) Jaakko Muilu (Lapua) deputy judge Ilmari Talvitie (Ilmajoki) businessman Arvo Sihto (Ilmajoki) Detective Central Police Detective Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen (Kokkola) Executive Secretary Vilho Viita (Kokkola) Captain Eino A. Laitakari (Turku) Paavo Markkula (Loimaa) National Coalition MP, peasant Erkki Perheentupa (Loimaa) leader Ahto Sippola (Helsinki) activist, farmer Toivo Pohjala (Pori region) War of Independence President of the Association of Front Men Eino Haarla (Tampere) Secretary of the Association of Front Men of the War of Independence, journalist Eero Rekola (Tampere) Chief of the Kainuu Patron District Major Pauli Kontio (Kajaani) Detective Central Police Detective, Head of Order of Kajaanin Puutavara Oy Albin Tolonen (Kajaani) bank manager Isak Kaitera (Oulu) former Group Vientipeace Principal Agent, Ilmari Takkala (Karstula) former Power League active, activist, innkeeper Einar Sarlin (Viitasaari) activist, peasant Paavo Jauhiainen (Kiuruvesi) veterinarian Aaro Hokkanen (Leppävirta) Member of the Joensuu patron district staff, pharmacist Karl Mannelin (Joensuu) Founder of the Nurmes patron council, organizer of tribal wars, member of district staff, pharmacist Matti Calonius (Nurmes) Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Perälä , Reijo| title = Lapuan Lieutenan| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Historical Society of Northern Finland| year = 1998}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Torsten Edgren, Merja Manninen and Jari Ukkonen| title = Epic, Finnish History Handbook | location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| id = ISBN 951-0-27651-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Niinistö, Jussi| title = Lapua Movement — Photo history of uprising 1929—1932| location = Helsinki| publisher = NIMOX KY| year = 2003}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| publisher = NIMOX KY| year = 2003}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| | author = Nestori Parkkari| title = Years of Violence: Memoirs in Tammisaari Prison | location = Tampere| publisher = Folk Culture| year = 1961}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heikki Ylikangas| title = Finnish History Nodes| publisher = WSOY| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951 -0-32864-4| accessdate = 20.10.2007| page=236}} References on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Kari Juhani Cantell (born 23 August 1932 in Mäntyharju [1]) is a Finnish medical researcher.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Cantell's parents were lecturer Lauri Oskar Immanuel Cantell and Hilma Esteri Haapakoski.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

He married in 1958 to nurse Aila Onnia Koko.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Cantell matriculated from the Mikkeli Lyceum in 1950 and graduated as a licentiate in medicine in 1956.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

He received his doctorate in medicine in 1959.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

At the beginning of his career, Cantell held positions at the University of Helsinki and the State Serum Institute.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

[2] For four decades, Cantell has researched interferons and published over three hundred scientific papers on interferons and viruses.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Among other things, his research has contributed to the development of cancer drugs.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

With his research, Cantell has also won several science awards.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

He has been awarded the Finnish Cultural Fund Recognition Prize 1972, the Matti Äyräpää Prize in 1978, the MTV Cultural Prize in 1979, the Eric K. Fernström Nordic Prize in 1981 and the Milstein Prize 1995.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

About the life of a scientist, Cantell has written in his book The Story of Interferon.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Cantell received the Finnish State Information Disclosure Award in 1994, the Tieto-Finlandia Honorable Mention and the Lauri Jänti Foundation Honorary Prize.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

For the book The Scientist's Reflections on Faith he received the Väinö Voipio Prize.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

Cantell was elected a member of the Finnish Academy of Sciences in 1981.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

[3] Works Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Cantell, Kari| title = Scientist's Reflections on Faith: Invitation to Lifetime Reflection | location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1996| version = 2nd edition 1996| id = ISBN 951-0-21018-8}} Citation error, error replace with {{cite book| author = Cantell, Kari| title = The Story of Interferon.


Question: Where was Kari Cantell born?

Kari Cantell

The life of a scientist — joys and sorrows| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1993| id = ISBN 9789510188897}} Sources Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) References Category: Finnish doctors Category:Finnish inventors Category:Finnish scientists Category:Matti Äyräpää Prize Laureates Category:Born in 1932 Category:Living persons


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Armando Anthony “Chick” Corea Jr.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

James James (born June 12, 1941 in Chelsea, Massachusetts) is an American jazz pianist and composer who began his recording career in the 1960s and has, since the 1970s, been among the most popular jazz musicians of our time.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[1] In addition to acoustic jazz records, Corea has done a lot of electronic fusion jazz, and has sometimes been called “the chameleon of jazz” because he constantly changes his style.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea's most long-lived and well-known ensembles are Return to Forever in the 1970s and the Chick Corea Elektric Band, formed in 1985.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Jazz standards composed by Corea include “Litha”, “Matrix”, “Windows”, “Crystal Silence”, “La Fiesta”, and “Spain”.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea has also composed a piano concerto.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Major contributors to Corea's piano playing have been Bud Powell, Thelonious Monk and Béla Bartók.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea himself has later been an influencer to succeeding generations of jazz pianists and also musicians more widely.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In Finland, for example, Iiro Rantala considers Corea one of his main influences, and another Finnish pianist, Lenni-Kalle Taipale, has even said that he initially moved on to jazz music after seeing Corea's performance.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[2] The nickname “Chick” means son (cf.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

spanish chico 'son').


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Life and career Adolescence Corea's father Armando was a trumpeter who led a band that played Dixieland music in the Boston area during the 1930s and 1940s.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

She put her son at the piano when he was four years old.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[1] Corea grew up surrounded by jazz music, and his important influences included major figures who represented bebop, such as Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, Bud Powell, Horace Silver, and Lester Young.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

By the age of eight, Corea had started playing drums as well and getting piano lessons from concert pianist Salvatore Sullo.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Through him, Corea became more familiar with classical music as well and became interested in composing.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

During his high school days, Corea began doing performing gigs, and also had a trio lineup playing Horace Silver's songs at a local jazz club.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Around this time, percussionist Bill Fitch introduced Corea to Latino music, which became an important influence for him.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In particular, Corea considered Cuban dance music to be a good “antidote” to the seriousness of the jazz styles he played.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Among Corea's greatest Latino favorites was Tito Puente and his ensembles.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In addition to Latino music, Corea was also attracted to Spanish flamenco music.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea left to study music in New York City, where he studied for one month at Columbia University and less than six months at the Juilliard School.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[3] He was not enthusiastic about studying in institutions, but New York music circles still became the starting point of his professional career as a musician.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Early days of career Professional career began in the 1960s with trumpeter Blue Mitchell as well as bands of big names in Latino music such as Willie Bobo and Mongo Santamarian.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea's first solo album, Tones for Joan's Bones, came out in 1966 and contained the jazz known as hard bop characteristic of that time.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

The final breakthrough came with the label Now He Sings, Now He Sobs (1968), where he plays with bassist Miroslav Vitouš and drummer Roy Haynes.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

That record is still considered one of jazz's most important piano trio recordings.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

At the end of the 1960s, Corea played electric piano on Miles Davis' most famous fusion albums In a Silent Way and Bitches Brew, and subsequently formed a band called Circle that played avant-garde jazz with bassist Dave Holland.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In the early 1970s, however, Corea became attracted to Scientology, which became his religion.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

As a result of his conversion, Corea said he wanted to “communicate” with people, that is, make more popular music.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

As a result, he left avant-garde jazz and formed a fusion band called Return to Forever.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Return to Forever Return to Forever's first two records, Return to Forever (1972) and Light as a Feather (1973) were electrified latter-influenced jazz.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

There was a then-still unknown Stanley Clarke on bass, Flora Purim acting as vocalist, Flora's husband Airto Moreira on drums, and multiblower Joe Farrell also featured multi-blower Joe Farrell.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

After two lattar-influenced records, Corea transformed Return to Forever into a jazz-influenced rock playing lineup.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

With the exception of Stanley Clarke, the old members were allowed to leave, with Lenny White now coming on drums and Bill Connors being taken as guitarist, who after the first record was replaced by Al Di Meola.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

This rock period resulted in the records Hymn of the Seventh Galaxy (1973), Where Have I Knew You Before (1974), No Mystery (1975), and Romantic Warrior (1976).


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Stanley Clarke and Al Di Meola became the most influential skilled in their instruments in the 1970s.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea himself developed a personal way of using synthesizers alongside his jazz piano style.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In 1976, Corea released the Spanish-influenced fusion album My Spanish Heart, which is often read among his best releases.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Corea collaborated on brands of more traditional jazz with artists such as drummer Steve Gadd, bassist Eddie Gomez, and saxophonist Michael Brecker.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Perhaps the most notable records of that time were Friends (1978) as well as Three Quartets (1981).


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Corea also continued his association with Gary Burton that he started earlier.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In addition, Corea was inspired by classical music and recorded Mozart with pianist Friedrich Gulda.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Elektric Band In 1986, Corea founded the Chick Corea Elektric Band, which consisted of young, talented musicians.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Through this band playing mainly fusion jazz, such as drummer Dave Weckl, bassist John Patitucci, guitarist Frank Gambale, and saxophonist Eric Marienthal became known.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Elektric Band released numerous popular fusion albums of varying style including Elektric Band (1986), Light Years (1987), Eye of the Beholder (1989), and Inside Out (1990).


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

As a counterweight to Elektric Band, Corea also had a trio with Patitucci and Weckl called the Akoustic Band, releasing their only studio album in 1989.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In 1992, after the Elektric Band, Corea founded his own record label, Stretch Records.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Other jazz musicians have also recorded under it.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

Later times Corea has not been left to rest on his laurels, but has recorded acoustic and electric jazz at a steady pace often with young, promising musicians.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

At the end of the 1990s, he formed a band called Origin, with players such as bassist Avishai Cohen and drummer Jeff Ballard, with whom he formed a new piano trio line-up in the early 2000s.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In 1999, Corea recorded his Piano Concerto with the London Philharmonic Orchestra.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

His work with art music he has continued by composing, for example, a string quartet, which was first performed in 2004.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In the 2000s, Corea has also received Grammy awards and released ambitious theme albums that draw from traditional jazz and fusion, such as To the Stars (2004) and The Ultimate Adventure (2006).


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

His records are usually still filled with new compositions.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

In Finland, Corea first visited Finland at the age of 31 at the Pori Jazz Festival with his quintet in 1972.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[4] [5] Other appearances in Pori have included Chick Corea Quartet 1981, Chick Corea & Origin 1998, Chick Corea New Trio 2001 and Return to Forever 2008.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

[6] Corea performed with his band The Vigil at Finlandia House first in March 2013 [7] [8] and again the following year.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

The discography of Solo Career Tones for Joan's Bones (1966) Now He Sings, Now He Sobs (1968) Is (1969) Sundance (1969) The Song of Singing (1970) Circulus (1970) Piano Improvisations Vol.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

1 (1971) Piano Improvisations Vol.


Question: When was Chick Corean born?

Chick Corea

2 (1971) The Leprechaun (1976) My Spanish Heart (1976) Friends (1978) The Mad Hatter (1978) An Evening with Chick Corea & Herbie Hancock (1978) Secret Agent (1978) Delphi I (1979) CoreaHancock (1979) Delphi 2 & 3 (1980) Tap Step (1980) Live in Montreux (1980) Three Quartets (1981) Touchstone (1982) Trio Music (1982) Again & Again (1983) On two pianos (1983, with Nicolas Economu) The Meeting (1983, with Friedrich Gulda) Children's Songs (1984) Fantasy for Two Pianos with Friedrich Gulda (1984) Voyage - with Steve Kujala (1985) ) Septet (1985) Trio Music Live in Europe (1987) The Acoustic Band (1989) The Acoustic Band: Alive (1991) Play (1992, with Bobby McFerrin) Expressions (1994) Time Warp (1995) The Mozart Sessions (1996, with Bobby McFerrin) Remembering Bud Powell (1997) Like Minds (1998, Gary Burton, Chick Corea, Pat Metheny, Roy Hanes, Dave Holland) corea.concerto (1999) Solo Piano - Originals (2000) Solo Piano - Standards (2000) New Trio: Past, Present & Futures (2001) Rendezvous In New York (2003) The Ultimate Adventure (2006) with Gary Burton Crystal Silence (1972) Duet (1979) In Concert, Zurich (1980) Lyric Suite for Sextet (1983) Native Sense - The New Duets (1997) Circle Circle Gathering (1970) Circle Live in Germany (1970) ARC (1970) Circle - Paris Concert (1971) Return to Forever 1972) Light as a Feather (1973) Hymn of the 7th Galaxy (1973) Where Have I Known You Before (1974) No Mystery (1975) Romantic Warrior (1976) MusicMagic (1977) RTF Live (1978) Chick Corea Elektric Band Chick Corea Elektric Band (1986) Light Years (1987) Eye of the Beholder (1988) Inside Out (1990) Beneath the Mask (1991) Elektric Band II: Paint the World (1993) To the Stars (2004) Chick Corea & Origin Live at The Blue Note (1998) A Week at The Blue Note (1998) Change (1999) with Béla Fleck in The Enchantment (2007) Others Janis Ian: Night Rains (1979) Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:American jazz pianists Category:Fusion jazz Category:US keyboardists Category:American jazz music composers Category:Scientologists Category:Grammy Award winners Category:Born in 1941 Class:Living Persons Category:Miles Davis


Question: What is the longest river in Finland?

List of rivers over a hundred kilometers in length in Finland

This is a list of rivers over a hundred kilometers long that are located wholly or partially in Finland.


Question: What is the longest river in Finland?

Length of river river on the Finlandborderriver Overall lengthNotesAkemijoki550 km550 kmiijoki330 km330 kmounasjoki298 km298 km298 kmKemiriver tributary Kitinen278 km278 kmKemiriver tributary of the river Muonionjoki230 km230 kmTornionriver tributary, for the entire length of the Finnish-Swedish border 227 km227 Kmkemijoki TributatoryKymiriver180 km180 kmLatThe waters extend over 600 km from Inner Finnish Tornionriver180 km522 kmylärun on the Swedish side, downstream of the Finland-Swedish border with Sweden 172 km172 kmValojoki170 km170 kmKiiminkiriver170 km170 km170 kmpyhäriver162 km162 kmPerhonjokikijoki Ki155 km155 kmtenoriver152 km344 kmosa Finland's border with Norway, other part of NorwayAikajoki152 km152 kmKokemäenjoki150 km150 kmRaudan river150 km150 km150 kmKemiriver tributary Puanjoki147 km147 kmPorvoonjoki130 km130 km130 kmKyrönjoki127 km127 kmLivojoki125 km125 kmSiuruanjoki120 kmSiruanjoki 120 kmloimiriver114 km114 kmKokemäenjoki Tributaries KarvrianRiver110 km110 kmVaskojoki110 km110 kmouluriver107 km107 kmoulankariver105 km135 kmoski RussiaYouthriver105 km105 kmKiehimänriver105 km105 kmPaimionRiver105 km105 km105 kmVantaRiver101 km101 kmLieksanRiver80 km132 kmalka from the Russian side Niöriver62 km126 tributary of the river Kmkem; about half of the Russian side15 km150 kmmost of the Russian side See also List of 100 largest lakes in Finland List of water bodies in Finland Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Great encyclopedia | publisher = WSOY| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-0- 26053-3}} Finland's rivers more than one hundred kilometers long from Jota, more than a hundred kilometers long *


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

Robbie Coltrane, right named Anthony Robert McMillan, OBE (born 30 March 1950 in Rutherglen, South Lanarkshire, Scotland) is a Scottish actor.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

He adopted as his stage name Coltrane as a tribute to the late jazz musician John Coltrane.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

[1] Coltrane has played the lead role in the television series Fitz Solves [1] as well as appearing in numerous films such as Buddy, Mona Lisa, Message from the Sea, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as well as the Bond films When the World Is Not Enough and 007 and Golden Eye.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

He has also enjoyed success as the sympathetic semi-giant Rubeus Hagrid in films based on J. K. Rowling's seven-part Harry Potter book series [1] Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone (2001), Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (2002), Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (2004), Harry Potter and the Flaming Goblet (2005), Harry Potter and the Guild of the Phoenix (2007), Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (2009) Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Part 1 (2010) and Part 2 (2011).


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

Filmography MoviesAnniversary Movie RoleAttentions1980Flash Gordon — the striking lightnman in the field1983Ghost DanceGeorgeKrull and the Invisible EnrageRhun1985Mindless MiddleMan in the Restroom 1986Caravaggioscipio1987Pin your cheeks and nautiJeremy1988The Fruit MachineAnnaBelle1989King Henrik Vfalstaffbert are you crazy !! Sid TempleGive returns! TicketsalerDanny, the Champion of the WorldVictor HazellVoice RoleSlipStreamMontClaire1990Midnight BreaksfatNuns on the RunaCharlie McManus/Sister InviolataPerfectly NormalAlonzo Turner1991The Pope Must DieThe PopeTriple Bogey on a Par Five Holesteffano Baccardi1992Rock and summer roll 1955Todd1993Boswell & Johnson's Tour of the Western IslesDr.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

Samuel JohnsonThe Adventures of Huck FinnDuke1995007 and the Golden Eye by Valentin Dmitrovich Zukovsky1997BuddyDr.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

Bill Lintz1998Frogs for SnakeSalmontanapomo1999When the world is not enoughValentin Dmitrovich ZukovskyMessage in a BottleCharlie Toschi2001Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone Rubeus HagridThe first film of the Harry Potter film seriesIs the NosedelaneyFrom HellSergeant Peter Godley2002Harry Potter and Chamber of SecretsRubeus Hagrid2004Ocean's TwelvematSharry Potter and Prisoner of Azkaban Rubeus HagridVan Helsing: The London AssignmentMr.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

HydeSoundIvan HelsingMr.


Question: Who starred as Hagrid in the Harry Potter films?

Robbie Coltrane

HydeSound2005Harry Potter and the Flaming Goblet Rubeus Hagrid2006Alex Rider & StormbreakerEngland's Prime MinisterProvokedLord Edward Foster2007Harry Potter and the Phoenix GuildRubeus Hagrid2008Desperon TaruGregoryVoiceThe Brothers BloomCurator2009Harry Potter and the Half-Blood PrinceRubeus HagridgoobygoobyVoice2010Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, part 1Rubeus Hagrid2011Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, part 2Rubeus HagridtelevisionnameRoleReports1987Blackadder the ThirdSamuel JohnsonTutti FruttiDanny McGlone1988Blackadder's Christmas CarolChristmas Spirit 2007Fitz Solutionerpsychologist Eddie “Fitz” Fitzgerald1998The Ebb-Tidechisholm1999Alice in WonderlandEd Tweedledum2001Tuomas Locomotive the Great Western BrakeVanSound2003Comic Relief: The big hair Dorubeus HagridThe PlanmanJack Lennox QC2004PrideJames2005Still GameDavieProduction Season 4 Episode 3: Dial-A- Bus2016The death of a comedianPaulMain role Sources on topic elsewhere Category:Scottish actors Category:Born in 1950 Category:Living Persons Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Crimean War, or Oriental War [1], was fought between Russia and an alliance formed by the Ottoman Empire, Britain, France and Sardinia between 1853 and 1856.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[2] The Crimean War was one of the greatest European wars of the colonial era.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

At the end of the war, Britain and its allies achieved the war objectives they had set, but as a whole, it is difficult to find a clear winner from the Crimean War.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The war was run carelessly and was characterised by logistical problems as well as indifference to soldiers' conditions of service.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Crimean War was also the first major war in which political processes were influenced by the mass media, particularly in Britain.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[3] This was made possible by the introduction of the telegraph, which enabled faster communication of information to newspapers and magazines than previously thought, as well as photographs taken from the war domain and drawings made.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The war was fought mainly in the Crimean Peninsula and the Balkans, but also in the Baltic Sea (the Oolann War), the Russian Pacific coast and the White Sea.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The name “Oriental War” was commonly used from the war until the post-World War II period until the name became established as “Crimean War”, when historian Yevgeny Tarle linked the war to the Crimean battles of World War II in his books.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[4] Overview of War Causes of War The Crimean War was prompted by the dispute between the Russian Orthodox and the Ottoman Empire, following Russia's insistence on the Ottoman acceptance of the Russian Emperor as the protector of all Christians living in the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Prior to this demand were the French Roman Catholic and Russian-Orthodox monks who started a dispute in 1850, who had disagreements over control of the Church of the Nativity of Jesus in Bethlehem and the Second Church in Jerusalem.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[5] In order to defend the Orthodox, Nicholas I began to exert pressure on the Ottoman, thus seeking to influence the situation in favour of the Orthodox against the Catholics.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In France as president, emperor Napoleon III, who hijacked power, in turn supported Latin monks.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Britain allied with France to prevent the growth of Russian influence at the expense of the Ottoman Empire in the Black Sea towards the Mediterranean.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[6] Russia Occupies Wallachia and Moldavia as Pledge The dispute caused violent rioting in the region and under the guise of these events to pressure Ottoman Tsar Nicholas I occupied Wallachia and Moldavia, semi-independent Ottoman vassal states in the territory of present-day Romania.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The occupation led to the Ottoman declaration of war on Russia in late 1853.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Ottoman people would not have dared declare war on Russia had they not been sure of British and French support.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Russian action also threatened British foreign policy interests.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The British wanted to keep the Russian fleet out of the Mediterranean by preventing Russia from gaining control of the Turkish niches, and to limit the growth of Russian power north of India.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Napoleon III of France, on the other hand, was interested in restoring to France the prestige it had lost with the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Accordingly, Britain, together with the conquested France, offered its troops in support of the Ottoman.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The beginning of the war effort in London was seriously alarmed when, on 30 November 1853, the Russians managed to encircle and destroy the Ottoman fleet to the port of Sinope.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Battle of Sinope on 13 November 1853 ships of the Turkish Black Sea Fleet were sent to Sinope.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Admiral Osman Pasha had denied firing on the Russians unless they fired first.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Six Russian ships from Sevastopol sailed just from the front of the fortress, which Osman pasha protested against.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Osman warned the Russians that if the situation continues the same and if the Ottoman did not receive reinforcements, the Imperial Russian Navy could face an accident.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

On the morning of 30 November, the Russians issued an ultimatum that the Ottoman should have surrendered and raised a white flag as its sign.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Osman fired in response and the Russian ships destroyed the Turkish ships that were at Sinope.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In addition, 3000 Turks were killed.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Russian might in the Black Sea worries the British the Bosphorus appeared to be falling under Russian control.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

At the end of a long diplomatic pecking, the Crimean War began in truth when Great Britain and France declared war on Russia on 28 March 1854.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Anglo-French ground forces arrived in the Balkans in March 1854.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The English were led by a veteran of the Battle of Waterloo, Lord Raglan, and the French colonial-war generals Jacques Leroy de Saint Arnaud and François Certain Canrobert.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The original purpose of the expedition was to force Russia to withdraw its forces from the region, and this was successful in the first six months of war.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The victories achieved strengthened the Allies' belief in their military superiority and so it was decided to extend the war effort to the Crimean peninsula and, above all, to the city of Sevastopol, which was a vital naval base for Russia.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Military action on the Crimean peninsula In September 1854, Allied forces came ashore in northern Crimea and marched fighting towards Sevastopol.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The first significant struggle of the war took place on the Alma River, where the Russians failed in their attempt to halt the advance of the allied armies.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Russians retreated further inland and the federal army laid siege to the massively fortified city of Sevastopol on 20 September 1854.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Returned from the loss of the Alma River, the Russians regrouped and posed a threat to the supply links of the Federal Army, and especially to the vital port city of Balaklava.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

On October 25, 1854, the Russians attacked Balaklava.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Poorly run and suffering from the mutual rebellion of the commanders, the defence managed only with enormous losses to halt the Russian attack and ensure Balaklava remained a lifeline of maintenance.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Due to the tactical ineptitude of the British, the Battle of Balaklava took place one of the most famous failures in military history — an English light cavalry scramble in which the cavalry advanced rattle-headed in a valley surrounded by Russian artillery positions on three sides.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Of the seven hundred horsemen who came under immense fire, just under two hundred made it back to their own lines.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The case achieved great attention in the world, which followed the war for the first time with an extremely small delay through the press, because the telegraph to convey news had been invented.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

After the defeat of Balaklava, the Russians tried once more to break the siege of Sevastopol at the Battle of Inkerman on 5 November 1854, but only succeeded in inflicting huge losses on both sides.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

After six hours of fighting, total losses on the parties were 16,000 fallen and wounded.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

After this, the war turned into a war of positions.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The winter of 1854—1855 exposed in brutal fashion the failings in the maintenance of the Federal armies and, above all, British soldiers were allowed to suffer endless agonies due to inadequate medical care, clothing and victualling.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

England and France sent land forces to Crimea totalling 450,000 men, of whom 25600 fell in battle and 38800 died of disease.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Images and reports of the soldiers' suffering circulated widely in the papers and greatly influenced the civil opinion and domestic politics of warring countries.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

As an example, Florence Nightingale, the daughter of a wealthy British family who, horrified by newspaper accounts, set out to organise medical care for soldiers for the Crimean war tanks.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Florence Nightingale has been called the mother of modern military medical care.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In January 1855, Austria threatened to join the side of the allies, causing the Russians to withdraw from the territories of Wallachia and Moldavia.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

After the Russians withdrew, Austria occupied the territories in August 1855.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

To the relief of soldiers languishing in the siege action, the city of Sevastopol surrendered on 8 September 1855.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The defeat of Sevastopol effectively marked the end of the war effort, although the Russians still managed to defeat the Turks in the Caucasus.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Peace of Paris 1856 Crimean War received its conclusion in Paris, where on 30 March 1856 the Treaty of Paris Peace was signed.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Under the treaty Sevastopol was returned to the Russian Empire, which renounced demands that the Ottoman Empire should recognize the Russian Emperor as the protector of all Christians in the Ottoman Empire, Moldova and Valacia remained autonomous states under the Ottoman, Black Sea and Åland was demilitarized.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In practice, this meant a ban on replacing the British fleet with their broken cannons fired by the Bomarsund Fortress with a new fortress.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

As a whole, peace did not stabilize the region politically.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

As early as the 18th century, the Russo-Ottoman Wars continued.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In the 18th century, Russia and Turkey were at odds in the Great Northern War of 1700—1721, the Russo-Turkish Wars of 1735—1739, 1768-1774, 1787—1792, and in the early 19th century 1806—1812 and the Greek War of Independence of 1828—1829.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

A growing Russia seized territories from the weakened Ottoman Empire, which it sought to respond to when the opportunity arose.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

However, Alexander II became convinced that the Crimean War had exposed fundamental weaknesses in the Russian state, which contributed to reforms in Russia, among them the liberation of 55000,000 serfs.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The liberation and industrialisation of society began to form the rise of Zapadniks who were aiming for modernisation in Russia, to which the nationalist pan-Slavists were drawn from basic Russification, who saw Russia as a protection state for all Slavs both West and Islamic Against the Ottoman Empire.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Most accentuated, this was evident in the Balkans, which became a powder keg of European politics at the end of the 19th and early 20th centuries.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The next war between Russia and the Ottoman Empire was fought copious 20 years later, 1877—1878.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Turkey also entered World War I on the side of the Central Powers, but suffered no defeat to Russia due to the Peace of Brest-Litovsk.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In World War II, 1939-1945, Turkey remained neutral.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Oolannian War in Finland During the war, the British-French fleet fought to destroy the Bomarsund fortress in Åland, the Svartholma sea fortress south of Loviisa and the Ruotsinsalmi sea fortress in Kym (now.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

in the Eagle).


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The fortress of Viapori off Helsinki was also bombed for 46 hours from the sea.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The war effort extended as far as Kokkola and Oulu.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The information obtained from Oulu and Raahe led the Kokkolans to be equipped with trade advisor Anders Donner.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Before the arrival of the British, two Russian companies had come to the aid of Vaasa.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Nine lander boats were lowered into the waters from HMS Vulture</i>and HMS Odin, some equipped with cannons.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Beached on Halkokar by one boat, Lieutenant Wise and Lieutenant Burton demanded the surrender of the ships and non-existent ferry in the harbour, as well as property servicing the Russian fleet, to be handed over to the British.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Mayor Roos and trade adviser Donner, with help from sea captain Wiklund, who served as interpreter, rebuffed the claim.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The British set out to attack.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Led by General A. J. von Wendt, the defenders knocked down a fake fence erected between the macasins and began firing.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The strait had been cut off by erecting trees, and it seemed out to sea that the waterway would end.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In addition, a kettinki had been pulled to prevent them from entering the shore of Kokkola by Polttimoniemi.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

As the invasion invasion failed, HMS Odin and HMS Vulture began firing cannon fire, but it failed to hit the defenders.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

According to diary entries from the ship doctor Edward Cree of HMS Odin, the British had not expected the Finns to be able to defend themselves and later heard two Russian regiments had come to their aid.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The defenders had opened fire, according to diary entries, from between the merchants by knocking down the ferry fences that had been built on it for surprise and defence.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

In addition to rifles, the British were also shelled with two field guns.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The landings boats were forced to retreat despite returning fire.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

A boat equipped with a gun from HMS Vulture, carrying 20 men, was hit.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Personal losses for the British were three officers and fifteen matruses as fallen and three officers and 31 matruses as prisoners.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The defenders were caught as spoils of war by one lander boat whose crew were taken prisoner.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The population took spoils of war and enjoyed the wine they received as spoils of war.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Cossacks were under the influence of alcohol for another day and were unable to properly care for their horses.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The victory culminated into a folk holiday.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The war effort in the Baltic Sea is referred to in Finland as the Oolann War after Åland's Swedish name Åland.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

The Crimean War and the Freedom of Information in the Crimean War was introduced and influenced for the first time by a new invention of information, the telegraph.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

It was not yet controlled and information from the warfields directly and quickly brought down the government of Lord Aberdeen, among others, in Britain.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Palmerston became Prime Minister after him.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Mainland Finland's first optical telegraph was built on the coast of the Gulf of Finland during the Crimean War of 1854-1855, beginning with an imperial decree notified by Governor-General Aleksandr Sergeyevich Menšikov on 23 February 1854.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Major General and Freeman Casimir von Kothen, who served as governor of Vyborg County, was assigned until 1853 as the head of the construction works.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Forty-two optical telegraph stations were built from Hanko to Saint Petersburg.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

Hostilities in the Oolann War paused for August 1854, but an order to build a continuation further west was issued as early as the following year.


Question: What were the parties in the Crimean War?

Crimean War

[7] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Wallin, Väinö| title = Oriental War in Finland| location = Porvoo| publisher = WSOY| year = 1905}} References elsewhere * Category: Wars affecting autonomous Finland Category:Screening key articles


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Saha or Yakutia (,) is a republic belonging to the Russian Federation in northern Asia in the central and northern part of East Siberia.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

In addition to the continental area, the republic includes the islands of New Siberia from the Arctic Ocean in the North.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

During its history, the Sakha region has been ruled by the Yakuts until the early 17th century, when Russia began to conquer the region.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

In the Soviet Union, the region was formed in 1922 into the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, out of which, with the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the present Sakha Republic emerged.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Significant events have included political persecution against the Yacutes, industrialization, migration of Russian population to the region, sovereignty, and transition to a market economy.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The population of Sakha, which is extensive in area and sparsely populated, is concentrated in river valleys, especially in the central part of the country.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The region's climate is one of the harshest in the world.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The largest ethnic groups are Yakuts (45.5%) and Russians (41.2%).


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Official languages include Yakut and Russian.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The sawmill has extensive natural resources, including diamonds, precious metals, coal, oil and gas.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The sawmill is the largest autonomous community in the world by area and belongs to the Northern Territory Council.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Close relations Saha has with some countries of Central Asia, Japan, as well as other republics of the Russian Federation, especially Tatarstan.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Geography and nature The saha is bounded in the north by the Laptevin Sea and the East Siberian Sea belonging to the Arctic Ocean, in the northeast by Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, in the east by Magadan Krai, in the southeast by Khabarovsk Krai, in the south by the Amur and Chita oblasts, in the southwest by Irkutsk to the region and to the west to Krasnoyarsk Krai.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The sawmill comprises a geographically huge area covering much of Northeast Asia.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The length of the sawmill in the north-south direction is about 2,000 km and in the east-west direction is about 2500 km.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

If Saha were an independent state, then it would be the eighth largest state in the world by area, immediately after India.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Nearly 80% of Sakha's area lies within the 60th parallel and more than 40% north of the Arctic Circle.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

[1] [2] Due to its wide area, the Saha region is divided into three different time zones.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Surface forms More than 70% of the area of the sawmill is uplands or mountains.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

[1] The continental area can be divided according to its topography into five parts.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The coast of the Arctic Ocean in the north of the country and the river valleys pushing south are lowland (elevation less than 200 meters).


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Of these, the Lenjoki valley extends as far as the southern border of the country.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The western part of the country belongs to the Central Siberian Uplands, the altitude of which varies between 500 and 700 meters.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The southern part, in turn, belongs to the Aldai Uplands, the altitude of which varies between 650 meters and one kilometer.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

South of the Aldai Massif, just off the southern border of the Sakha rises the Stanovo Mountains, whose highest point on the Saha side is 2482 metres.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Extending to the south-east of the sawmill are the westernmost parts of the Džugdžur Mountains.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The eastern part of the sawmill belongs to the East Siberian highlands, the highest points of which in the Saha region are the Verkhojansk and Chersk mountains.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The highest point in the Verkhojansk mountain range is 2959 meters.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Pobeda, the highest mountain in the Chersk Mountains and at the same time in the whole Sakha, rises to 3147 meters.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

[3] In the northern Arctic Ocean, the New Siberian archipelago consists of three parts of the Ljahov Islands, the De Long Islands and the Anžun Islands.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The archipelago is mainly lowland.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Water bodies There are many rivers flowing across the Sakha, all of which descend into the Northern Arctic Ocean.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The longest and most significant of these is the 4400 kilometre-long Lena River, of which about four fifths are in the Sakha region.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The Lena River basin comprises more than half of the entire Sakha area.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Lena begins south of the Sakha in Irkutsk Oblast, west of Lake Baikal.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Of the more than 100 tributaries of the Lena, the most significant are the Alda in the southeast of the country, the Viljui in the central part of the country and the Oljokma in the south of the country.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Lena descends into the Arctic Ocean across a 28,000-square-kilometre estuary in numerous branches.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The northeastern part of the Sakha belongs to the 1700 kilometre-long Kolyma river basin, whose source branches and most significant tributaries lie to the east of the Sakha.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

Between Kolyma and Lena, the 1030 kilometre-long Jana and the 1050 kilometre-long Indigirka flow into the Arctic Ocean, which also has an extensive estuary.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

To the west of the Lena flow the 1900 kilometer-long Olenjok and the 939 kilometer-long Anabar.


Question: What is the main source of livelihood for Yakutia residents?

Sakha Republic

The country has numerous lakes, the largest of which are Mogetojevo (323km²), Nerpitšje (237km²), Ožogino (157km²) and Nidžily (119km²) [4].