Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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However, the last two games KalPa lost and Lukko advanced to the semi-finals with wins 4—2.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In June, a historic moment occurred when Kalpa-raised Kimmo Timonen's Chicago Blackhawks won the Stanley Cup championship and consequently Timonen became the first Stanley Cup championship-winning player of Kalpa-background.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2015—16 season, KalPa finished ranked number 8 in the regular season and faced the Pelicans in the wild card round.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa won the first game in Kuopio, but the Pelicans won two games to go behind and KalPA's season ended in a wild card round.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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During the season, the club honoured owner Sami Kapasta by freezing his player number 24 on the ceiling of the Niirala montu.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2016—17 season KalPa was not the favorite of many sports magazines and experts, and among them the season was already believed to end in the regular season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa surprised many and was ultimately third in the regular season with 112 points.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The team's best point man was Jaakko Rissanen with a power of 9+34.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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With 24 goals, Janne Keränen was one of the top scorers in the series.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The club did re-credit to their own foster when it froze Kimmo Timonen's playing number 44.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa was matched against the previous season's wild card-round opponent the Pelicans.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa passed the Pelicans on leave with a 4—1 win after winning the final match 6—0 in Kuopio.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa advanced to the semifinals for the first time since spring 2010.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa received JYP in the semifinals.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa led the series 2—0, but JYP evened the gains later.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa immediately took the driver's place, and had a finals berth by break in the sixth game.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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However, JYP won the sixth match 2—4, and the finals place was decided in the seventh game in Kuopio.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa defeated JYP in the deciding match 5—1 and advanced to the finals for the first time since the spring of 1991.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa was matched in the finals by advance favourite and previous spring champion Tappara.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa won the first two matches, but Tappara managed to turn the series in his favour and won the championship for the second time in a row.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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For KalPa, the silver was the second in the club's history, and in total medals KalPa has received three.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPA's previous medal was from spring 2009, when KalPa won bronze.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The 2016—17 season was also the last season for Pekka Virra as head coach, and continues his head coaching career at Lukko in Rauma.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The 2017—2018 season may have shown hockey followers that KalPa would not be successful this season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KALPA owner Sami Kapanen moved on to coach the former team from his playing career.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Good players went away, including Jaakko Rissanen to the KHL, last season's captain Jussi Timonen to the German league, Jesse Mankinen to Pelicans, Jyri Junnila and Joonas Lyytinen to Kärppi, Arttu Ilomäki and Janne Keränen to Lukko and star goalkeeper Eero Kilpeläinen to Örebroho in Sweden.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The season kickoff match against Jukurs in Mikkeli turned in a 3—0 victory for KalPA.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Out of the first 12 matches, KalPa won three matches.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Injuries were part of the early season too: Konsta Mäkinen was already injured in the CHL, but was able to play quickly.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The worst injuries occurred to Niko Hovinen, who held zero games in Mikkeli, and to CHL point man Kai Kantola.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Due to Hovinen's injury, KalPa acquired a loan keeper from Jokers, Riku Helenius, who won the title in 2012 JYP, who later moved on to continue his season at his breeder club Ilves.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The Champion Hockey League season did not produce a playoff berth this season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Goalkeeper Niko Hovinen, who came to the club, was in top tune when he greeted, playing four nil games in six games.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The team made social history when it broke the record in a winning streak by getting its ninth win on December 5 against HPK.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The previous record was eight games from the 1988—1989 and 2015—16 seasons.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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KalPa was eventually sixth in the regular season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the quarter-finals, Tappara was set against, for whom KalPa deflected to win 4—2 and the season ended.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2018—2019 season, KalPa made it to the Spengler Cup final against Canada.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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[6] Emblems Game outfit KalPa usually plays its home games with yellow-black shirts, black trousers, dark grey socks and a black helmet.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Away matches the team plays in a yellow-black shirt.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Sometimes KalPa plays home and away matches wearing black and yellow shirts.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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For the 2012-13 season, the jerseys saw a couple of changes: on the home team shirt the sleeve badge is yellow and the away shirt is black.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The image adorning the jersey is bigger than the previous shirt.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The former name of the supporters herd of KalPA was Supporters Club, founded in 1985.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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It became famous for its support cries, which were accompanied by drums.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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After the 1999 bankruptcy, its operations ceased.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Since 2005, the club's group of supporters has carried the name “Black Network”, which, like its predecessor, encourages the team to be accompanied by drums.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In 2010, KalPA's loss to JYPS in the bronze match 0—4 gave the Black Network a major tribute to JYP goaltender Sinuhe Wallinheimo, for whom this match was the last.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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As of the 2008—09 season, Black Network has organised the “Great Savolainen Gathering” event, usually attended by hundreds of KalPA supporters.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2008—09 season, the first SSK was held in Tampere.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The following season, the gathering took place in Espoo for a match against the Blues.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2010—11 season, the “Great Savolainen Kollusku” took place in Helsinki against IFK.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2011—12 season, the gathering took place in Lahti against Pelicans.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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400 KalPA supporters were present at the time.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The 2012—13 season gathering was in February 2013, when KalPa played against the Jokers.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Approximately 1000 KalPA supporters were present at this match.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2013—14 season, the event was in December 2013, when KalPa played against TPS.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The gathering for the 2014—15 season was in Espoo in March, when the Espoo Blues were set against.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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There were about 300 fans at the venue.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2015—16 season, the Great Savolainen Kollutu was in Helsinki in January 2016, when they were against HIFK.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The name of the KalPA supporters' club residing elsewhere in Finland is “Susiklubiyhdistys”, founded in 1997 by KalPA supporters living in southern Finland.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2014—15 season on 17 January 2015, a new supporter group Veljmies debuted in the KalPa — Ilves match.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In the 2017-2018 season, the Great Savolainen Kolling was held in October 2017 in Turku, where against TPS came.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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TPS won the match 3-2.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Logos KalPA's original and current logo (1947—1979) and (2009—) KalPA's old logo (1979—1996) KalPA's old wolf logo (1996—1999) KalPA's previous logo (1999—2009) Players Current team Coaches Head coach Sami Kapanen Assistant coach Marko Tuomainen Video Coach, Team Manager Atte Kinnunen Goalkeeper Coach Jarkko Rissanen Captains in the SM-liiga 1986—1987 Tuomo Jormakka 1987—1988 Petteri Lehto 1988—1989 Jari Härkälä 1989—1990 Jari Härkälä 1990—1991 Jari Härkälä/Erik Hämäläinen 1991—1992 Erik Hämäläinen 1992—93 Antti Tuomenoksa 1993—1994 Arto Sirviö 1994—95 Arto Sirviö 1995—96 Pekka Tirkkonen 1996—1997 Mika Laaksonen/Marko Ojanen 1997—1998 Jermu Pisto 1998—1999 Pekka Tirkkonen 2005—2006 Samuli Suhonen 2006—2007 Martin Sonnenberg 2007—2008 Jarkko Kauvosaari 2008—2009 Sami Kapanen 2009—10 Sami Kapanen 2010—2011 Tommi Miettinen 2011—12 Sami Kapanen/Tommi Miettinen 2012—13 Sami Kapanen/Tommi Miettinen 2013—2014 Jukka Voutilainen/Adam Masuhr/Jussi Timonen 2014—15 Mikko Jokela/Jukka Voutilainen 2015—2016 Mikko Jokela 2016—2017 Jussi Timonen 2017-2018 Tommi Jokinen Club records Career Most seasons: Jari Börje Järvinen [7] 12 Most matches: Jussi Timonen, 403 Most goals: Sami Kapanen, 105 Most assists: Tuomas Kiiskinen, 156 Most points: Sami Kapanen, 250 Most minutes: Janne Jalasvaara, 317 Most wins: Pasi Kuivalainen, 75 Most zero games: Ari Ahonen and Eero Kilpeläinen, 13 Most playoff games: Jussi Timonen, 53 Most points in the playoffs: Sami Kapanen, 27 Most wins in the regular season by a coach: Pekka Virta , 167 Regular season Most goals: Darius Rusnak, 29 (1989—1990) from defenceman: Juha Tuohimaa, 17 (1989-1990) Most assists: Jouni Rinne, 42 (1988—1989) assists from defender: Juha Tuohimaa, 28 (1989-1990) Most points: Darius Rusnak, 60 (1990—1991) points from defender: Juha Tuohimaa, 45 (1989-90) Most goals by a rookie: Teemu Hartikainen, 17 (2008—09) assists from rookie: Santeri Lukka, 17 (2015-16) points from rookie: Artturi Lehkonen, 30 (2012—13) Most ice minutes: Kyle Rossiter, 187 (2005—06) Best +/-: Tuomas Kiiskkka Inner, +25 ( 2011-2012) Most wins: Ari Ahonen, 23 (2010-11) Most zero games: Mikko Koskinen, 7 (2012—13) Best tackle percentage: Ari Ahonen, 94.1% (2011-2012, 18 games) Best goalscoring average: Ari Ahonen, 1.48 (2011-2012, 18 games) Most points in playoffs: Sami Kapanen, 13 (2009—10) Team statistics Best season in regular season: 2011—12; 115 p Most wins by actual playing time: 37 (2011-2012) Most losses in regular game time: 41 (2005-2006) Most wins in a streak: 9 (2017-2018) Most goals scored: 205 (1989—1990) Most wins in a streak: 9 (2017-2018) Most goals scored: 205 (1989—1990) Most wins in a streak: 9 (2017-2018) Most goals scored: 205 (1989—1990) Most Goals conceded: 237 (2005—06) Most ice minutes: 1134 (2005—06) Top playoffs: SM-silver in 1991 and 2017 Statistics in SM-sarja/SM-liiga regular season and playoffs in Regular season (situation 13.12.2017) Note!


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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After the 2003-04 season in the SM-liiga, draws were no longer counted 30 through 1400 matches 491 wins 75 draws 681 losses 77 wins in overtime and in shot competitions 76 losses in overtime and goals scored and conceded in shot competitions Distinction: 3909 - 4767 In playoffs Nine times in playoffs 28 wins and 44 losses Difference of goals scored and conceded: 140 - 209 2 silver (1991, 2017) and 1 bronze (2009) Illustrious players Frozen game numbers 1 Pasi Kuivalainen 27 Jouni Rinne 24 Sami Kapanen 44 Kimmo Timonen These numbers are not used: 19 (Tuomas Kiiskinen) and 70 (Teemu Hartikainen) KALPA Ice Hockey Lions In some ways, those who have been involved in KALPA's activities.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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In parentheses, hockey lion number, year of nobility and category.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Juhani Wahlsten (#43, 1986, player).


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Played SM-sarja in 1957-59.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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26 matches, 26+14=40, 6 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Matti Keinonen (#50, 1987, player).


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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As head coach in Division 1 season 1982-83 Raimo Sepponen (#54, 1987, referee).


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Played SM-sarja in 1957-59.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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23 fights.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Veli-Pekka Ketola (#72, 1990, player) Played in Division 1 season 1982-83.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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6 games, 4+8=12, 6 minutes Mikko Leinonen (#101, 1995, player) Played in the 1986-87 SM-liiga season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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8 matches, 4+0=4, 30 minutes Reijo Ruotsalainen (#122, 2000, player) Played in the 1995-96 SM-liiga season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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16 games, 3+5=8, 4 minutes Hannu Kapanen (#159, 2005, player) Served at the club as junior coaching manager, assistant coach and head coach in the SM-liiga years 1988-94, 1999 SM-liiga qualifiers and 2006-07 season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Since 2003, he has been an assistant coach at Mestis, as an assistant coach, a member of the board and host of the VIP Aition called Hannes-Klubi.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Jouni Rinne (# 166, 2005, player) Played for the club in 1984-90 and one SM-liiga match in the 1998-99 season, both 1st division and SM-liiga.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Served as head coach of the club in the 1998-99 SM-liiga season since 14 December.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Division 1:82 matches, 73+105=178, 49 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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SM-liiga: 163 matches, 84+122=206, 56 minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Pekka Järvelä (#175, 2006, player) Played for the club during the 1993-94 SM-liiga season.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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40 matches, 11+12=23, 32 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Riikka Välä (#190, 2007, player) Played for the women's SM-sarja team in 1994-96.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Erik Hämäläinen (#193, 2009, player) Played for the club in 1988-92.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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175 matches, 42+59=101, 102 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Mika Strömberg (#209, 2011, player) Played for the club in 2007-10.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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129 matches, 13+49=62, 179 minutes Sami Kapanen (#224, 2014, player) Played for the club Liiga in 1990-94, 2008-10 and 2011-14 and for Mestista 2004-05.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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The main owner of the club since 2002, in the 2010-11 season as CEO and personal coach of junior teams.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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League: 353 matches, 105+145=250, 187 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Mestis: 10 matches, 6+3=9, 4 ice minutes.


Question: Which SM-liiga hockey team has Martin St. Pierre played for?

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Juha Tuohimaa (1990) and Peter Slanina (1991) SISU Player of the Year: Juha Jokiharju (1992) Ice Hockey SM-liiga Player of the Month: Sami Kapanen (January 1994 and October 2008), Tuomas Kiiskinen (September 2009) and Matti Kuparinen (September 2009) October 2011) Sami Kapanen (1994, 2009 and 2010), Sakari Salminen (2013), Eero Kilpeläinen (2017), Jaakko Rissanen (2017) Jarmo Wasama Award: Teemu Hartikainen (2009) and Artturi Lehkonen (2013) Raimo Kilpiö Award: Sami Kapanen (2009) Golden helmet Sakari Salminen (2013) Urpo Ylönen Award Eero Kilpeläinen (2017) Kalevi Numminen Award Pekka Virta (2017) Players who have represented KALPA in Valuable Tournaments A-national team Juhani Wahlsten: World Cup 1959 Jarmo Kekäläinen: Canada Cup 1991 Pekka Tirkkonen: Canada Cup 1991 Erik Hämäläinen: World Cup 1992 Sami Kapanen: Olympic Games 1994, World Cup 1994, World Cup 1995, World Cup 1998, World Cup 2001, 2009, 2010 and World Cup 2004 Pasi Kuivalainen: Olympic Games 1994 and World Cup 1994 Adam Hall: World Cup 2005 Kimmo Timonen: World Cup 2005 and Ice Hockey World Cup 2004 Tuomas Kiiskinen: World Cup 2012 Sakari Salminen: World Cup 2013 Youth National Team Mikko Laaksonen: World Championships 1987 Timo Kulonen: Under-20 World Cup 1987 Ari Hilli: Under-20 World Cup 1988 Tero Arkiomaa: Under-20 World Cup 1988 Vesa Savolainen: Under-20 World Cup 1988 Janne Kekäläinen: Under-20 World Cup 1990 Pasi Kuivalainen: Under-20 World Cup 1991 and 1992 Sami Kapanen: Under-20 World Cup 1992 and 1993 Kimmo Timonen: Under-20 World Cup 1993 and 1994 Tommi Miettinen: Under-20 World Cup 1994 and 1995 Jussi Tarvainen: Under-20 World Cup 1994, 1995 and 1996 Mikko Jokela: Under-20 World Cup 1999 Juha Alastalo: Under-18 World Cup 1999 Juho Kuronen: Under-18 World Cup 1999 Juho Kuronen: Under-20 World Cup World Cup 2000 Tuomas Nissinen: Under-18 World Cup 2001 Jussi Timonen: Under-18 World Cup 2001 Eero Kilpeläinen: Under-18 World Cup 2003 Olli-Pekka Komulainen: Under-18 World Cup 2003 Mikko Kukkonen: Under-18 World Cup 2006 Jani Savolainen: Under-18 World Cup 2006 Juuso Puustinen: Under-18 World Cup 2006 Jarkko Malinen: Under-20 World Cup 2008 Teemu Hartikainen: World Under-20 World Cup 2009 and 2010 and Under-18 World Cup 2008 Ville Hyvärinen: World Under-18 World Cup 2009 Petteri Similä: World Under-20 World Cup 2010 Jasse Ikonen: 2010 Under-20 World Cup and European Under-18 World Cup 2008 Iiro Pakarinen: Under-20 World Cup 2010 and 2011 and European Under-18 World Cup 2009 Rasmus Rissanen: Under-20 World Cup 2011 and European Under-18 World Cup 2008 Toni Kallela: Under-18 World Cup 2011 Simo-Pekka Riikola: World Under-20 World Cup 2012 and Under-18 World Cup 2010 Henri Ikonen: Under-18 World Cup 2012 Kasperi Kapanen: Youth Olympics 2012, Under-18 World Cup 2013 and World Under-20 Championships 2016 Miikka Pitkänen: Youth Olympic Games 2012 Juuso Riikola: World Under-20 Championships 2013 Saku Kinnunen: World Under-20 World Cup 2014 and Under-18 World Cup 2013 Artturi Lehkonen: World Under-20 World Cup 2013 and 2014 and World Under-18 World Cup 2013 Niko Mikkola: World Under-20 World Cup 2016 Joni Ikonen: Under-20 World Cup 2018 Coaches in SM-liiga 1986—1987 Esko Nokelainen 1987—1988 Esko Nokelainen, Juha Junno from 30 January 1988—1993 Juha Junno 1993—1994 Hannu Kapanen 1994—95 Anatoly Bogdanov 1995—1996 Anatoly Bogdanov, Pekka Hämäläinen from 23 January 1996—97 Pekka Hämäläinen, Markku Keinänen from 16 November, Jari Härkälä from 22 November 1997—1998 Jari Härkälä, Markku Keinänen since 23 October, Risto Kerminen 30 October 1998—99 Jan Neliba, Jouni Rinne from 14 December 2005—06 Mika Pieniniemi 2006—07 Mika Pieniniemi, Pekka Virta from 29 September 2007—2011 Pekka Virta 2011—12 Tuomas Tuokkola 2012—13 Jari Laukkanen 2013-2014 Jari Laukkanen, 27.2 from Anssi Laine 2014-2017 Pekka Virta 2017- Sami Kapanen Sources Jouni Huttunen, Mikael Juntunen: On the shield heart - 80 years of full feeling: KalPA 80th Anniversary History Book (2009) ISBN 9789529257638 Ari Mennander, Pasi Mennander: Liiga stars - 30 years of ice hockey's SM-liiga 1975—2005 2004) ISBN 951-20-6684-X (statistics of KALPA in SM-sarja and -liiga) (via the link you can view league table statistics since 1975-76 season) References on the topic elsewhere The club's website: Club Junior Division site: Supporter site: Away matches Radio Commentary: * Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Niels Henrik Abel (5 August 1802 in Finnøy, Norway — 6 April 1829) was a Norwegian mathematician.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[1] He proved that neither fifth nor higher order equations can be solved in generalities algebraically (by root-taking).


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He invented and proved the so-called Abel aggregation claim.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The theory of elliptic functions is almost entirely constructed by him.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[2] Abel's father was Søren Georg Abel, a priest, and the mother was Anne Marie Simonsen, the daughter of a merchant mariner.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The father received a priesthood from the village of Gjerstad as a successor to his own father.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Niels Henrik's childhood years hit the middle of a serious threat of war around the time of the Napoleonic Wars.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Norway, which was part of Denmark, was threatened from the sea by the British fleet and from land by the Swedish army.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The lack of sea links caused a severe famine in the country.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Reverend Abel tackled hunger in his congregation by advising people to eat horse meat previously considered taboo.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1814, the Great Powers clarified the situation in Europe after the defeat of Napoleon.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At the same time, the National Assembly of Eidsvoll was held in Norway, where the country received its own constitution and parliament.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, after various political operations, King Charles XIV of Sweden (as King Charles II of Norway) came to the seat of the king, and Norway was united by personal union with Sweden.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

These matters of state also had an impact on the stages of the mathematician Abel's life: without state independence, Norway was as if some remote hinterland, and the scientist from there wanted to be sidetracked in academia, however capable.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Away from home and into mathematics, Abel's father taught his son until he was 13, but in 1815 he checked himself into the cathedral school in Christiania (now.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Oslo).


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The departure from home was caused by the separation of the parents' marriage due to alcohol and other problems.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The cathedral school was in a bad situation at the time when the newly established Christiania University had taken the best teachers from it.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The math teacher in particular was a sadist who beat students to bruises.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel was prone to depression, and his grades steadily deteriorated.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1817, however, the mathematics teacher was dismissed on charges of assault, and only seven years older than Abel was hired Bernt Michael Holmboe.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel's mathematical abilities did not come to light until Holmboe's inspiring and competent teaching.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A teacher might, in 1819, proclaim of his pupil: “Amazing mathematical genius!


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

“, when, in addition to basic education, he had time to get acquainted with the work of great mathematicians such as Euler, Laplace, Gauss and Lagrange.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[3] In his final year of school, Abel tackled with a young man's open-mindedness a major problem that the world's most famous mathematicians had been grappling with hundreds of years.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He even claimed to have solved the fifth degree equation.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

No one was found in Norway who could have evaluated Abel's calculations, and the work was sent to Denmark to Ferdinand Degen, the leading mathematician in the Nordic region.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

As a practical man, this came up with giving some concrete examples for Abel to solve.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In trying to solve them, Abel found, to his chagrin, his solution flawed.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

On this occasion, however, Degen had become convinced of Abel's great talent.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Breakdown of his childhood family At the same time as Abel's mathematical abilities came to light, his father, who was elected to Parliament in 1817, was subjected to account for one of his utterances and the subject of public anger.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The disgraced pastor returned to Gjerstad, where he lost his health through drunkenness.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He died in 1820 and mother Anne Marie received a small widow's pension to support herself and her children.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Three university professors began to support Abel's study.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He succeeded in 1821 to enroll as a student at the University of Christiania.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 1824, he received a scholarship for his study.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

By then, Abel had published one article in a periodical founded by Christopher Hansteen, a professor at that time.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Study trip to Denmark Professors Hansteen and Rasmussen aim to seek support for a talented youngster.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

When an appeal to the College of the Academy failed to pay off either, Rasmussen donated Abel as a travel grant from his own funds one hundred bucks, which he used to travel to Copenhagen in the summer of 1823.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

There he met Degen and other Danish mathematicians.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At his uncle's invitations in Copenhagen, Abel also confronted his future fiancee, Christine Kemp.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The fifth degree equation solution The fifth-order equation troubled Abel's mind even after his return from Copenhagen, although Degen even earlier had proposed more fruitful areas of research to him than equations, for example elliptic integrals.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel turned to the idea that there might not be a formulaic solution for all fifth-order equations.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel was not familiar with Paolo Ruffini's previous work, which nevertheless had a fatal flaw.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The error had not been successfully corrected, so the problem was still open.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel set out from the counter-assumption, that is, that for all fifth-order equations, there really would be a formula containing only four basic calculations and root-taking.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

From that he eventually came into conflict with this counter-assumption.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Thus, the problem that has plagued mathematicians for hundreds of years had obtained a solution (see Abelin-Ruffin theorem).


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It should therefore be noted that Abel did not prove that the fifth-order equation can never be solved by basic calculations at all, but that there are fifth-order equations for which these basic calculations do not suffice.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This study was published in 1824 for austerity reasons in such concise form (only six pages) that it was difficult to find out about it.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Thus, one of the masterpieces of the history of mathematics received little attention.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Publishing in Berlin In 1824, Abel was granted a modest travel grant abroad, but no money was set aside at all for living when he would return back to Norway.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This deficiency later turned out to be downright something of a trap.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

After a brief visit to Copenhagen, Abel continued on to Berlin, although initially he had to go directly to Paris.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In Berlin he met August Leopold Crelle, an influential engineer enthusiastic about mathematics.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle was the founder of a periodical focused on mathematics called Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (in many contexts briefly just “Crelle's Periodical Book”).


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Its first issue contained no fewer than six articles written by Abel.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It now appeared a more detailed and detailed version of an earlier article showing that there is no general solution formula for fifth-order equations.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Abel's finances were quite weak throughout, especially as he still had to assist his siblings out of his short wealth.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He also experienced serious disappointment when Holmboe was appointed to the vacant professorship at Christiania University, although he would have been clearly more qualified.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, Abel maintained his friendship with Holmboe.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In this situation, Abel also had to tell his fiancee Christine, nicknamed Crelly, that their marriage plans needed to be changed.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Despite the difficulties, Berlin's time was lucrative for Abel.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He authored significant articles dealing with integral calculus, properties of sums of some endless sets, and functions which were later named after him as Abel functions.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

An important spirit hole for the young mathematician was theatre, which had been his passion already in Norway.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The festivities of mathematics scholars in Berlin may also have been quite loud at times, occasionally disturbing the philosopher Hegel, who lived in the same house.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

The harshness of French mathematical culture In the summer of 1826, Abel finally travelled to Paris, which had been the main goal of his journey in the first place.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

During his first months in Paris, he worked feverishly on Abel's theorem (name given later).


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It dealt with a broad class of functions named transcendental.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A long, remarkable article arose on the subject.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

With greatest expectations, Abel left it for publication to the French Academy of Sciences.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He believed that great French mathematicians certainly understand the value of the article.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Even in Paris, theatre was a great source of entertainment and joy for the young mathematician.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

But time passed, and there was no word from the article.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Cauchy and Legendre, who were assigned as evaluators of the study, were, despite their reputation, unfit for the job.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Legendre couldn't dwell on the article, and Cauchy had lost it somewhere at the bottom of a stack of papers.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

To Berlin to study elliptical functions in Paris Abel both health and especially economy began to threateningly deteriorate, and in December 1826 he travelled back to Berlin.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In Berlin, he got worse sick.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle helped Abel financially and Holmboe from Norway also borrowed money.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Despite the illness, Abel wrote an extensive and important treatise there on elliptical functions.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Crelle recommended to Abel to stay in Berlin.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He believed he would be able to arrange for him a post there.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In the spring of 1827, Abel, forced by homesickness, returned to Christiania, however, without knowledge of subsistence domestically.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Livelihood worries in Norway with a small loan stipend and giving private lessons, Abel somehow made it ahead.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

With his fiancee Crelly went to governess the Smith family, who had an iron pot in Froland in southern Norway.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Two articles on elliptic functions appeared in the autumn of 1827.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

One was the first volume of an article written by Abel in Berlin, and the second was an article by German Jacob Jacob, with some results closely related to Abel's article.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

As the subject seemed to be the subject of other studies, Abel hastened the publication of the second part of his article and made changes to it showing how Jacob's results are obtained from his results.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Only now began Abel's magnitude as a mathematician to note in Europe.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Knowledge of this dire financial situation also worried many.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

It churned e.g.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

a petition by four mathematician members of the French Academy of Sciences to the then King of Sweden and Norway in the matter.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, King Charles XIV did not intervene.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

On the side of 1828, Abel received the deputation of Professor Hansteen and at last a regular income.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

At the same time, however, the finance minister insisted his previous stipend be clawed back from pay now that he, for once, had an income.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

However, the university did not, but still, due to the financial strains of previous years, Abel was still living in abject poverty.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Death In the summer of 1828, Abel lingered and enjoyed residence in Froland with his fiancée Crelly and Smith's family.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Towards the end of the year, Abel's health began to deteriorate forever.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

He died in the spring of 16 April 1829 of tuberculosis in Froland by his side, his fiancée Crelly and daughter of the Smiths.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

By early April 1829, Crelle had acquired a post for Abel in Berlin, but the letter did not arrive until two days after Abel's death.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A talented mathematician, of whom Legendre said “quelle tête celle du jeune Norvégien!”


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

(“whatever kind of head a young Norwegian may have”), an early death cut off a brilliant and promising career.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

His works, which form much of the Crelle periodical of some years, were later edited in full by Holmboe and published by the Norwegian government in 1839.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

A more complete edition was published in 1881 by Ludwig Sylow and Sophus Lie.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Honours in honour of the Poor Mathematician was established in 2002 as the Abel Prize, the most monetary prize in the discipline.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

There is a statue of Niels Henrik Abel in Oslo.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

This is thought to be the only portrait to show a naked mathematician.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Four stamps were printed in honour of Abel in Norway on 6 April 1929, after exactly one hundred years had passed since the mathematician's death.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

In 2002, four commemorative stamps were issued before the 200th anniversary of Abel's birth.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Norwegian Air Shuttle has painted an image of Abel on the tail of one of its Boeing 737-800 planes.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[4] Abel's image has also been on a Boeing 737-300 aircraft (LN-KKV) that has left the Norwegian fleet.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

[5] See also Abel group Abel's theorem Abelian Varisto Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mario Livio| title = Equation that could not be solved | others = Translated by Kimmo Pietian | publisher = Terra Cognita| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-952-5697-10-0}} References Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Where was Niels Henrik Abel born?

Niels Henrik Abel

Category:Norwegian mathematicians Category:Those born in 1802 Category:Those who died in 1829 Category:Key articles in screening


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The Renaissance (, 'rebirth' <, from the word rinascere 'to be reborn again') was an art, cultural and creature history transition from the Middle Ages to the New Age.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

It is mainly about changes in culture at the beginning of the 15th century (in Italian: millequattrocento), which manifested themselves in fields such as fine arts, literature, music, sciences and Renaissance philosophy.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

These changes had global significance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Depending on whether one considers the phenomenon in terms of art, cultural or historical history, Renaissance can therefore mean: A period of style in the arts from the 14th to the 16th century in Italy and elsewhere in Europe.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The change of culture that occurred during the transition from the Middle Ages to the New Age.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The change in attitudes and mindset that occurred at the same time.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Precisely defining the Renaissance concept and drawing borderlines to humanism is tricky.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Sometimes the phrase Renaissance is also used purely as a period expression, the same meaning for the beginning of a new age.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The Early Renaissance is normally considered to have begun as early as the 14th century in the Italian city-states and spread to other parts of Europe as known to the 16th century.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Scandinavia it reached only much later.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Origin of appellation Italian Giorgio Vasari, painter and architect, also known as art historian and art critic, published the word rinascita in his book Artist Biographies (Vite or Vite de' più eccellenti architetti, pittori, et scultori Italiani 1550—1556).


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

[1] Admittedly, this word for the rebirth of the arts had already been known from the time of Leon Battista Albert.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

However, it was not until the 19th century that the concept became widespread in Western European language use.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The French word renaissance began to be used by the Frenchman Jules Michelet in the 1820s and 1830s (as a translation for the Italian word rinascimento) and later by the Swiss Jacob Burckhardt in the 1860s as an expression that verbially means reincarnation.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Antiquity's admiration for Renaissance thought is characterized by admiration for the values of antiquity and the concepts of beauty in both literature and visual arts, but nevertheless seen through a filter typical of the New Age.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Humanists reported that they had rediscovered ancient writers and philosophers in oblivion in the Middle Ages, and translated texts already thought to be lost not only from Arabs who had translated Greek works into Arabic in the Middle Ages, but also directly from those now brought to the West from Greek manuscripts.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Later translations made in the Middle Ages have also been found directly from Greek to Latin, but humanists were keen to downplay their significance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

[2] During the closing decades of the Byzantine Empire, and especially after the Ottoman Conquest of Constantinople (1453), Greek scholars had arrived in the West, which also expanded the language skills of the humanists.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The spread of written text and new ideas was greatly influenced by improvements in book printing skills developed by Gutenberg, such as bulk typefaces.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The cradle of capitalism to the Renaissance can also be attributed to non-strictly speaking cultural phenomena.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

A budding early capitalism also developed in Italian city-states during the Renaissance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

In the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church had taken a relatively nuve approach to profit, and usury from another Christian was considered a sin.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Turning to active profit-making, the returns were high and Italian trading towns achieved economic heyday during the Renaissance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The Renaissance is central to the so-called new age, which brought with it as a social transformation centralised states to replace the former feudal states.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Many Renaissance Medieval history scholars have emphasized classical humanism and the Renaissance as being recurring cultural phenomena even during the Middle Ages.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The idea of the so-called Carolingic Renaissance, as well as Charles Homer Haskins' claim of the so-called 12th-century Renaissance, has become the most widely accepted.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

For both these periods, an increased interest in classical, particularly Latin literature, was marked by a stronger interest.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The term Renaissance is now also used in a broader sense, allowing almost any new cultural phenomenon or style to experience a Renaissance, hence rebirth and re-entry into fashion.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

For example, The Harlem Renaissance refers to African American literature, art, music, dance and social criticism, previously known as The New Negro Movement in the early 20th century and especially in the 1920s , which began to flourish in the Harlem borough of New York City.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Causes of birth Why did the Italian Florence, for example, have a renaissance?


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

A clear reason for the birth of the Renaissance has not been established.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

One of the oldest explanations is that the support given by the Medici family, especially during the time of Lorenzo de' Medici, would have laid the groundwork for the development of art life.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

This, in turn, led to a renaissance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

However, the beginning of the Renaissance can be dated as early as 1410—1420, the time before the Medici rose to power.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

According to the great man theory, Donatello, Brunelleschi and Michelangelo were geniuses who, by their own contribution, brought about a renaissance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

This is an orbital conclusion that cannot explain the circumstances under which the influence of these three geniuses might have materialized.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The development of individual theory is a similar claim to the above.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

According to it, it is claimed that there was a change from the collective neutrality of the Middle Ages to the solitary genius of the Renaissance.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The birth of the Renaissance has also been attributed to refugees from Byzantium to Italy, who brought with them ancient Greek masterpieces and rekindled interest in the sciences and arts of antiquity.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

In Byzantium, the culture of antiquity had outlived throughout the Middle Ages, and there the three legacies — Greek, Roman and Christian — were all intertwined.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

According to the Black Death theory, it is estimated that the European population died out of about 70 million to about 20 million in the 14th century.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

The plague did not choose the enactment, age or wealth of its target, and according to Christianity, one could not protect yourself from it by paying indulgences, confessing their sins, or otherwise.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

According to this theory, it was the Black Death that caused the Christian worldview to crack, which again led to more thought of life on this side than post-mortem.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

This fact, together with the wide spread of Gutenberg's printmaking (1450s) and Greco-Roman humanist philosophies, created its intellectual climate that fostered the appearance of humanism, as well as an interest in man himself.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Renaissance period notables Dante Alighieri Giovanni Boccaccio Sandro Botticelli Niccolò Machiavelli Michelangelo Paracelsus Francesco Petrarca François Rabelais William Shakespeare Leonardo da Vinci Galileo Galilei Erasmus Rotterdamese Johannes Gutenberg Martti Luther See also 12th century Renaissance Humanism Italian History Chinese Renaissance Golden Age of Islam Renaissance philosophy Renaissance music Renaissance art Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Burckhardt, Jacob| title = Italian Renaissance civilization| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1999| version = (Die Kultur der Renaissance in Italy, 1860.)


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Translated by A.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

A. Koskenjaakko (1st edition 1956.)


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

2nd edition: Quality book| id = ISBN 951-0-23524-5}} Hauser, Arnold: The Social History of Art 2: Renaissance, Manierism, Baroque.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1977 [1951].


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Stier, Richard| title = The Unrepentant Renaissance: From Petrarch to Shakespeare to Milton| location = Chicago| publisher = The University of Chicago Press| year = 2011| isbn = 978-0-226-77751-1}} Vasari, Giorgio: Artist Biographies of Giotto Michelangelo.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Translated by Pia Mänettari.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

Publishing company Taide, Helsinki 1994.


Question: Why did the Renaissance come about?

Renaissance

References * Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The phrase autism spectrum, also “autism spectrum” or “autism spectrum”, refers vaguely either more narrowly to certain so-called pervasive developmental disorders such as Asperger's syndrome, autistic disorder or more specifically undefined pervasive developmental disorder, [1] [2] or more broadly the phenomenon that some, approximately half to a couple of percent of people, exhibit a trait similar to that of an autistic disorder according to medical diagnostics.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The use of the term “autism spectrum” seeks to suggest that in all these phenomena, both in cases classified as a disease according to medical diagnostics, and in the “wider spectrum of autism”, there would be a question of essentially the same phenomenon, the root cause of which would be possibly a certain type of genetic abnormality from the average.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In the narrower sense of the term, sometimes in addition to the aforementioned Asperger's syndrome, autistic disorder, and more specifically undefined pervasive developmental disorder, the autism spectrum can also be read as atypical autism, intellectual mental retardation, and hyperactivity syndrome associated with schematic movements and extremely rare Rett syndrome and Heller's disease.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Many researchers are of the opinion that the latter three do not belong to the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[3] [4] Rett syndrome and hyperactivity syndrome associated with intellectual retardation and schematic movements have not been included in the DSM-5 autism spectrum disorder diagnosis of the American Psychiatric Association's latest classification of mental disorders, which has replaced others separate diagnoses of conditions of the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[5] Illness or difference?


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The use of the coloured phrase 'disorder' has been negatively criticised by some researchers, particularly in the case of Asperger's syndrome and intellectual mental retardation non-autism (HFA), as they believe they would be a question of difference rather than disease.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[6] [7] [8] [9] In English-speaking countries there have been signs of a change in attitude that comes to light so that people have abandoned the use of the word “disorder” in this context and started talking about autism spectrum conditions, engl.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

“autism spectrum condition”.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[10] [11] On the other hand, experimental evidence has emerged that autism conditions are associated with inflammation that disrupts neuronal function in the brain [12] [13] and also various abnormalities of autonomic nervous system function.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[14] The DSM-5, a US manual of mental disorders published in 2013, concluded that the term autism spectrum disorder was used, “autism spectrum disorder”.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[15] Incidence During the 2010s, more studies based on population screenings have been conducted, which have given more reliable results than previous studies.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to these studies, the proportion of the population of persons with autism spectrum including cases of PDD-NOS according to the DSM classification ranges from 0.9% to 2.6% [16] [17] [18].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The magnitude of the estimate bracket is mainly due to the fact that some studies have sent potential rainbirds for further studies more sensitive than other studies.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The lower the required minimum score threshold obtained from the screening form is set, the greater the proportion of autism rainbots will be found in the diagnostic follow-up study following screening.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[16] [19] The largest and most comprehensive of population screening surveys conducted to date has resulted that 2.6% of the population would be placed on the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to this, there would be about 140,000 autism booklets in Finland.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

A large percentage of people who receive an autism spectrum diagnosis are men, but this is at least in part because men get the diagnosis more easily than women.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Mismatched diagnostic practices have resulted in three times more gene copy errors found on average in women with an autism spectrum diagnosis than in diagnosed men.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[20] New research has found that male overrepresentation is significantly lower than previously estimated [19] [21].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Yet even in light of new studies, it seems that there are more than double the number of men on the autism spectrum compared to women [22] [19].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There is an overrepresentation of men, especially among the mentally disabled rainbow [22] [19].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The number of new autism spectrum diagnoses has risen in the United States between 1975 and 2012 from 0.2 per cent [23] to two per cent [24] .However, a large epidemiological population study in England in 2011 found no prevalence of autism spectrum conditions.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The result may mean that the increase in diagnoses could be explained by the addition of Asperger's syndrome to the disease classification and better diagnosis of Kanner syndrome than previously thought.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Another possibility is that Kanner syndrome has become more prevalent, as the population living in institutions was restricted to the exclusion of that study.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[25] The potential increase in Kanner syndrome could be explained by increased antidepressant use [26] [27] and by the fact that parents of birth children are older than previously thought [28].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Differences between Kanner and Asperger syndrome Kanner syndrome differs from Asperger syndrome in three ways.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

One difference is that the hallmarks of Kanner syndrome can be detected as early as less than three years of age.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

People with Kanner syndrome may also experience language development problems, while those with Asperger syndrome often exhibit linguistic talent [29].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The third difference is that Kanner syndrome may be associated with significant problems in cognitive development, while lower than normal intelligence excludes the possibility of Asperger's syndrome [30].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to researcher Lorna Wing, Asperger's and Kanner's syndromes were basically about the same phenomenon, but a person's level of intellectual development largely determined how problems with social interaction appeared in practice [31].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to Hans Asperger, pioneer of autism research, other autistic traits manifested more strongly in people with developmental disabilities than in other rainbow people [32].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The majority of researchers still think that Kanner and Asperger syndromes are all about different ends of the same continuum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, some scholars think that there would be two clearly distinctive subsets of each other.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, a US study published in 2013 found that the brains of the vast population, Kanner autists and people with Asperger syndrome process language in a manner specific to each group [33] [34].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Genetic Base of Autism Spectrum Some genera have a higher incidence than usual of individuals with either a diagnosable broad-spectrum developmental disorder, or who have a so-called broader autism phenotype, meaning they have genetic variants associated with autism or behavioral features, but not to the extent that they could be given a diagnosis of some pervasive developmental disorder.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[35] [36] [37] The root cause of autism spectrum syndromes has not been established, but there is some research evidence that the causative agent is structural or functional changes in genes.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[38] [39] The question often would have the combined effect of many gene changes, [40] [41] which would explain the diversity of symptoms present in autism spectrum syndromes.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some of the changes would come from previous generations, some would only come about during fetal development.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[38] Started in the early 2000s, the International Autism Genome Project has focused on the study of chromosomal mutations that cause autism spectrum states.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There have been hundreds of such predisposing gene changes that increase the likelihood of autism occurring at population level.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[42] Some changes would appear to be related to Asperger's syndrome, some to Kanner's autism and some to both.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[43] According to the latest studies, half of genetic variants causing autism conditions would be hereditary, i.e. from previous generations and half were new mutations caused by environmental factors.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[44] [45] Among other things, the use of psychotropic drugs, [46] [47] [27] [48] smoking [49] and exposure to air pollution [50] [51] or pesticides [52] [53] [54] have been found to increase the likelihood of giving birth to an autistic child.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Also, complications in childbirth and diseases of the pregnant mother increase the likelihood of autism spectrum syndromes.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[44] [45] [55] [56] [57] There are clearly more children born to older parents, especially older men, but it is unknown whether this is due to age-related changes or because people with autism often have children at an older age.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[58] [59] Physiological changes associated with autism spectrum In children with autism, widespread changes in the immune system have been observed in studies at both the cellular and metabolic level [60].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Most symptoms of autism spectrum are closely related to a regulatory disorder of the brain's neuronal glutaminergic messaging system, accompanied by an increase in receptor function of immunocytokines that cause inflammation [12].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

A research team at the University of Texas found in 2016 that on average, autistic boys have more than half less immunoglobulin G-one in their blood serum [60].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There is therefore research evidence that a chronic inflammatory condition is underway in different parts of the brain of children with autism spectrum [13].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, there is research evidence that anti-inflammatory antibodies found only in the bodies of some mothers of autistic children cause symptoms associated with autism spectrum conditions in laboratory animals exposed to these antibodies before birth [61].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

A team of researchers from New York University discovered in 2015 that the structure of blood vessels in the brain of people with autism spectrum is uneven, among other things, in the cortex, intermediate and cerebellum, and the brain region that regulates facial recognition.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The unevenness of blood vessels leads to circulatory unevenness that disrupts brain function.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[62] New research has also shown that in autism spectrum disorder, brain function is characterized by lower than normal inter-neuronal traffic in some areas of the brain, as well as abnormally large ripples caused by an increase in abnormally low traffic between neurons wave-like, reaching between peaks, during which traffic moms exceptionally abundant.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[63] [64] Autism writers often show abnormal hormone metabolism, for example for serotonin, cortisol and testosterone [65] [66] [67] [68] [69] [70] [71] [72].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Approximately two-thirds of those with autism also have abnormally scarce melatonin secretion [73], which may explain poor sleep quality [74] in rainbots and the fact that rainbots often have an atypical circadian rhythm [75].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, there are fewer RORA genes (retinoic acid-related orphan receptor-alpha gene) that regulate the body's circadian rhythm [76] [77].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some people in the autism spectrum have dysfunction of the mitochondria responsible for the energy production of cells, leading to extensive functional disorders, for example in the central nervous system, muscles and digestive organs [78].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Biochemical abnormalities associated with autism spectrum states are typically gender specific, meaning autism spectrum states produce different biomarkers for women than men.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Among other things, elevated levels of male hormone and abnormal levels of growth hormone and insulin metabolism can be found in women with autism.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In turn, elevated levels of cytokines and other inflammation-related substances can be found in men of the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[79] According to the latest research evidence, it would be possible to screen the majority of men with autism spectrum as early as the age of 1-2 years on the basis of biomarkers found in their blood related to infections and immune system function, among other things [80].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Studies based on MRI of the brain have found that the brains of women with the autism spectrum are more manly in structure than those of other women.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

No similar overmasculinisation has been observed in the brains of men with the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[81] However, in boys of the autism spectrum, a recent study has found nearly 40% less testosterone to estrogen-converting enzyme as well as more than one-third fewer estrogen-beta respeptors with beneficial effects on emotional life and memory functions.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

No similar study has yet been conducted for girls in the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[82] A similar excess of specialised neural structures (mini-colums) has also been found in the cortex of autism writers, which is present in researchers' brains.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Brain researcher Kamila Markram calls these structures microprocessors in the brain. [83].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Anomalies in grey brain matter structure have been found in both Asperger's and Kanner syndromes, but the abnormalities are slightly different in the two groups [84].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In 2013, there were indications that people with Asperger's and Kanner syndrome process language in different brain regions [33] [34].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

This might explain why autistic people in Kanner often have linguistic difficulties while Aspergers are often linguistically gifted [29].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Researchers have also found that autism writers' brains process sounds more slowly, the more they have social problems, repetitive behaviours and limited interests [85] [86].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Several studies have also found that many autism writers have more short, intra-brain neuronal connections than usual, and fewer long connections connected to different brain regions [43] [87].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

This might explain the fact that autism writers often find it easier than the mainstream population to delve into the broad sets of subjects, but harder to monitor the flow of rapidly changing and unrelated issues and stimuli.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, said 'connection theory' has been undermined by findings published by three research groups in 2012 that even small head movements during MRI results in distortion of results such that the subjects appear to have fewer long connections than usual and the usual more short connections.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The remarkably strong head-wiggling tendency found in a proportion of autism writers would therefore cause results to be distorted in this regard.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[88] [89] Researchers suspect that over- and under-sensitivities of the nervous system are caused by abnormal functioning of the almond nucleus and temporal lobes [90].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Autism Spectrum Comorbidities and Diseases People on the autism spectrum often experience some other hereditary neurological abnormalities or diseases.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to a Finnish population study, up to 44% of rainbots with autism aged 8 years would experience neural irritation, or tic symptoms [91].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to a population survey conducted in England, forty per cent of children with autism also show symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD to a significant extent [92].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Other studies have found that diagnostic criteria for ADHD are met in approximately 30% of children with autism spectrum [91] [93].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Sleep disorders are also common ancillaries of the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, 28 percent of children aged 8 and under the autism spectrum have trouble falling asleep [94].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Approximately 20% of people on the autism spectrum have extensive learning disabilities or intellectual retardation [95].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, the above figures should be treated with reservations, as they are not based on diagnoses of mental disabilities given or identified learning difficulties, but on scores obtained from IQ tests, i.e. the so-called IQ [96].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, IQ is not a reliable tool for evaluation of intellectual abilities for rainbots with autism, even in individual areas.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, author Donna Williams obtained an IQ indicative of mental retardation in an intelligence test conducted by a psychologist.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

He also scored very poor in the test section measuring linguistic skills, although he had completed a minor in linguistics and had written an international success piece.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[97] Epilepsy also belongs to the possible neurological comorbidities of the autism spectrum [98].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There are indications that sympathicotonia, or dysautonomy, is commonly observed in rainbows with autism [99] [100].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Sympaticotonia may, in turn, be accompanied by depression [101] or the onset of chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia or obsessive oropharyngeal disorder [102].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to a Finnish population study, the incidence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in rainbow people with autism is many times higher than the rest of the population [103], since 10% of children and early adolescents with autism spectrum were found [91].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Seventeen per cent of children with AS aged eight have experienced defiance disorder, significantly more than the average ten per cent [104].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, the result may have been related to the fact that the pre-screening form used in the study [91] contained questions of self-importance and disregard for other people.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Rainbow people with autism also have more gastrointestinal symptoms than usual.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, children on the autism spectrum have a multiple risk of developing chronic diarrhea or constipation [105].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some people with autism have gluten intolerance [106], which is manifested in a different way than celiac disease.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There are plenty of indications that excluding gluten from the diet reduces autism symptoms in these individuals.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[107] [108] In genera of people with the autism spectrum, there are more autoimmune diseases and abnormally high concentrations of inflammatory products [61].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, people with autism spectrum have about four times the risk of developing type two diabetes [109].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Diagnosed autism spectrum individuals are given mental health diagnoses more often than the mainstream population.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, according to a U.S. study published in 2015, men in the autism spectrum had received a depression diagnosis at some point in their lives three times more often than other men and twenty times more often with a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For AS women, the corresponding figures were two and eight.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The diagnosis of bipolar disorder had been given six times more often to people in the autism spectrum than to controls.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[110] At least some of the psychiatric diagnoses given to individuals with the autism spectrum are due to the fact that not all physicians know how to identify autism spectrum syndromes [111] [112] [113] [114].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

History Grunja Suhareva, a Russian doctor of neuropsychiatry, published in 1926 the first scientific case study of five children dealing with persons from the spectrum of autism.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Suharewa described the boy children in question as sufferers of “childhood schizoid psychopathy”.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[115] The children in question would now be classified as aspergers.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The topic was seized on the scientific front again in 1938 when Hans Asperger, an Austrian paediatrician and pioneer of special pedagogy, mentioned schizoid psychopaths in his scientific article Das psychisch abnorme Kind.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Asperger's had presumably not been familiar with Suharewa's article, having used these patients to be referred to as autistic psychopaths.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[116] Leo Kanner, a child psychiatrist emigrated in the United States, published a study on early childhood autism in 1943.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The data from the study consisted mainly of children classified as developmentally disabled, whose lives were monitored until adulthood [117].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Kanner suggested that the excellent ability of the patients he described to memorize names and poems, as well as the ability to carefully recall complex patterns, suggested that they were intelligent in the sense of how intelligence at that time was most often understood [118].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, according to a follow-up study published in 1971, only one of the patients described by Kanner had been able to lead an independent life after all living in an institution or in his childhood home.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In particular, Kanner criticized the way public hospitals populate autists with profound developmental or psychotic people because it did not allow them to develop socially.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[119] Hans Asperger published an upper-level dissertation on the autism spectrum in German the following year, whose data consisted of autistic children transferred to a hospital school run by Asperger's who were taught with Asperger's developed by pedagogical methods [120] [121] [122].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Hans Asperger did not mention Kanner or Kanner Asperger in his study.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

It's possible that their investigations didn't pass on the opposite side of the censorship institution of a country waging war.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Asperger's dissertation highlighted the fact that only a small percentage of autists were developmentally disabled [123], but autistic traits are more pronounced than usual for people with developmental disabilities.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

According to Asperger's, autism was about a continuum ranging from developmentally disabled people with difficulty or no communication to intellectuals converging on genius [124].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

This continuum later began to be called the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In the 1960s, Hans Asperger suggested that linguistic talent was one factor clearly dividing the autism spectrum.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

He attributed early language development and linguistic talent greater than the mainstream population to Asperger's syndrome, while Kanner syndrome is often associated with disturbances in language development.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[29] According to Asperger's, an autistic person who does not learn to understand language would be left intellectually disabled [125].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The result of a 2013 US study supports Asperger's views in that it found that Aspergers process language in different brain regions than the mainstream population or Kanner autists [33] [34].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In 1963, Dutch Van Krevelen compared autism and Asperger's syndrome in his English-language article [126].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Van Krevelen published a new article on the subject in 1971 which concluded that autism would be about a psychotic process with a low prognosis, i.e., a mental disorder seriously affecting human mental function, whereas Asperger's syndrome would be about personality traits with significantly better prognosis [127].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, the idea of autism as a psychotic process has since been rejected [128].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In 1979, the British National Autistic Society published in its Communication magazine a translation of a lecture in German given by Hans Asperger in Switzerland in 1977 [129].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

English psychiatrist Lorna Wing published her own case study of five people diagnosed with Asperger syndrome in two years.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[130] However, individuals described by Wing would today be given Kanner syndrome as a diagnosis because they experienced significant overall delay in linguistic and cognitive development.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Problems linking people with autism Autism are associated with a certain type of stress sensitivity that occurs in such a way that a wide range of situations and environments cause overcrowding and the need to apply to situations and environments where no corresponding load is created [131] [ 83] [101].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

People with the autism spectrum scored 50% more than controls in a 2015 Swedish study measuring participants' experience of everyday stressful achievement, as well as whether they had the opportunity to make a difference in their lives and things that matter to themselves and whether they felt they could survive everyday requirements [132].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Ability profile unevenness is observed in people with autism spectrum, and sensory hypersensitivity worsening has been observed in autistic patients.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[133] [134] Other hallmarks of the spectrum of autism Autism have a different way of demonstrating sociability and interacting with other people.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, rainbow people often experience the need to spend time with their own special interest.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Monoprocessing, or monoprocessing, is also characteristic of people with autism.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Among the strengths of autism people at Microsoft in the United States, it has been noted that autists often have zero tolerance for errors and a focus on detail and completion of the task [135].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some autistic people have an amazing ability to acquire knowledge and combine depth and detail in thinking [136].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Tony Attwood, an English psychologist specialising in the spectrum of autism, has said: 'I have found that people with Asperger's are, among other things, honest, loyal, trustworthy and uncomplicated and have a strong sense of morals and a sense of justice.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Their intellectual abilities include an exceptionally good memory, enthusiasm and knowledge of specific interests, an original mindset, good imagination, and a unique ability to think visually.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

These character traits not only apply to Asperger's syndrome, but become stronger thanks to it.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Today, it is aware that significant scientific and artistic achievements have been the accomplishments of people who have had a different way of thinking and who have exhibited many of the traits associated with the cognitive profile of Asperger's syndrome.”


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Swedish psychiatrist Lena Nylander in her book The Spectrum of Autism in Adult Age, translated in 2010: “... Individuals with Asperger's syndrome or autism and a normal level of talent often have strengths, such as, for example, a good memory.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

They can be precise, punctual, persistent and honest (which is not always appreciated in social situations).


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

They may have a lot of factual information about the object of their interest.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some of them have truly original and innovative ideas, others have distinct tendencies towards artistic activity or research.”


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

British psychology professor and director of the Autism Research Centre under Cambridge University, Simon Baron-Cohen, says people with AS don't need the company of other people to feel comfortable.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, they are capable of careful observation of details and notice what remains hidden from others.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

As individuals also have the ability to explore and understand complex systems.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Development in Childhood and Adolescence Many children on the autism spectrum do not entertain in the arms of an adult and may find it difficult to make friends with other children.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, a child on the autism spectrum might find playing children his age as childish.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The child's communication is often deviant in some ways, for example, he may speak in a very adult way.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The child might also take things literally.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Some children on the autism spectrum are easily irritated if they are not understood.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Routines and their adherence are often important.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Difficulty falling asleep are common.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

A child may adopt basic social skills later than other peers.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

There may be an identity crisis associated with puberty because the importance of social networking is usually emphasized during adolescence [137].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The external essence that seems different and problems with sociability and communication may also make it difficult to find a dating partner.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Many rainbow people don't realize until puberty how different they are compared to others.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Diagnosing Autism Spectrum Conditions According to the most comprehensive screening prevalence study of the entire population, 66 percent of children on the autism spectrum would be left without a diagnosis [19].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

However, this is not true in the United States, where already 2% of school-age children have a diagnosis of autism [24].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

If an autistic child learns to speak, they may go undiagnosed before school age, as autistic traits can be seen as part of a child's character traits.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

For example, the child may be considered more accurate and shy than usual.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[138] If a child does not have strikingly large outward problems, they are unlikely to be taken away at any stage for diagnosis.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Rainbow people diagnosed as children have higher rates of, for example, ADHD and difficulty falling asleep [139].


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Increased Asperger awareness over the new millennium has led to an increasing number of adults seeking diagnosis after discovering that their problems could be caused by Asperger syndrome.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Autism spectrum syndromes can be diagnosed at any age, as long as it is possible to determine if symptoms were already present in childhood.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Autism spectrum states are diagnosed on the basis of typical behavior.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

Diagnosis summarises the symptoms of the subject's behaviour and communication found in the diagnostic list.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The three main areas to explore are communication, social interaction, and interests.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In addition, people with autism almost always experience hypersensitivity to one or more senses.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

These hypersensitivities are currently included in the American DSM criteria [140], but not in the ICD classification criteria.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

In particular, Kanner syndrome also manifests repetitive behaviours, namely sensorism and a strong need for the same repetitive routines.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

If, even before the age of three years, an abnormality has occurred in childhood in play, linguistic or social development, or if the cognitive development of a child with autistic features is significantly delayed, the diagnosis in accordance with the diagnostic criterion will usually become childhood autism.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

[141] In other cases, Asperger's syndrome is usually diagnosed.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The United States and Canada do not use the International ICD Classification, but the US-based DSM classification.


Question: How are pervasive learning disabilities defined?

Autism spectrum

The DSM classification has differed somewhat from the ICD, which is why these countries have been given diagnoses with different names to people of an autim spectrum than in other parts of the world.