Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

In voice roles Sources On topic elsewhere in Anime News Network encyclopedia Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

In Anime News Network encyclopedia Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When is Persona 3 released?

Persona 3 The Movie

Category:Megami Tensei Category:Anime Films Category:Film Series


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Broadband is a generic term used when talking about always-open internet connections.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Typically, a broadband subscription is charged a fixed monthly fee, which does not depend on its uptime or the amount of data transferred.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

[1] In practice, broadbands are defined as internet connections with a bandwidth greater than that of a modem connection (56 kbit/s) and ISDN (two 64 kbit/s B channels) used on a dial telephone network.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Generally, the term is used to refer to connections with speeds of 512 kbit/s or more, but in the United States, according to the FCC, the sufficient speed is 200 kbit/s and 256 kbit/s in Finland according to the Communications Agency.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

According to some definitions, the minimum requirement is 1, 2 or 10 Mbps, in which case the premise is that the connection must be sufficient to meet the needs of certain services, for example to monitor a TV program over the Internet without loss of quality.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Using the term broadband in this context is misleading because, for example, a cable modem uses only a narrow band from a cable TV network.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

On the other hand, both 56 kbit/s modems and ADSL connections use a wide band, but only the latter is broadband internet access.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Broadband access can be fixed or wireless mobile broadband.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Mobile broadband Mobile broadband is based on the transmission of data via microwave radiation through air and media.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

The pre-march of mobile broadband began with the advent of large-screen touch smartphones in 2007, when DNA introduced mobile broadband to the Finnish market [2].


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Tablet PCs began to become more common in 2010 and the number of mobile broadband subscriptions jumped from 2,700,000 to 4,700,000 during 2011 [3].


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Mobile broadband usage overtook fixed broadband utilization in the United States in January 2014 [4].


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Finland used more mobile data per capita than any other country in 2017, [5], and the volume of data transmission increased, for example, on Elisa's network at an annual rate of 65% [6].


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

According to Matti Latva-aho, Academy Professor of Telecommunications Engineering, Finland had the best performing mobile broadband in the world in 2018 [7].


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Fixed broadband Telecommunications run in fixed broadband band band up to the end-user modem on a fixed fiber optic network or a combination of fixed fiber optic and copper networks.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Internet service providers can buy a wide range of internet subscriptions such as cable modem and ADSL subscriptions.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

HomePNA technology may also be used in internal networks of condominiums.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

The above are suitable for the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises in some cases, but most providers have separately business-use connections, such as SDSL.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Cable modem access is generally the most affordable option in those areas where the cable TV network has been converted to two-way.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In general, however, the service is provided by only one provider on the cable network, which thus has a monopoly.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

DSL connections operate on telephone networks where local monopolies also occur, but telephone wires must be leased to other operators and the Communications Agency oversees operations.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Thus, in most cases, it is possible to obtain an ADSL interface from a provider other than the network owner.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

The fiber optic network in major cities has expanded drastically in the early 2010s.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

For example, TeliaSonera announced in May 2010 that it would offer up to gigabit connectivity to its consumer customers.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

[8] However, despite Sonera's announcement, no 1000Mbps broadband has entered the market by the end of 2012.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In Helsinki, a growing number of apartment buildings have already been pulled up to the house chamber, allowing 100 Mbit/s connections to be offered via the old copper network in the house or 1000Mbps connections via the refurbished fiber, cat5e or cat6 network.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

When comparing prices and features, it is worth noting that most connections for consumer use are asymmetric.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

This means a wider lane is reserved for traffic coming from the internet than for return traffic.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

However, moving big files both ways, video conferencing connections, as well as online games require lanes in both directions.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In addition, other customers nearby may affect the speed of the connection, especially in the case of a cable connection.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In comparison, you should also take into account the opening fee and delivery time of the subscription.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Obtaining a terminal To use the connection, a special terminal is usually required between the computer and the connection.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

On the other hand, more and more networks of condominiums use Ethernet on the internal network, in which case there is no need for a special terminal for individual apartments.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Service providers often offer a “turnkey” installation service, but some providers have limitations due to the operating system or another reason; as such, the Internet and internet connections are completely operating system independent, but for changing settings or ancillary services you may use a specific operating system by default.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Sometimes self-installation can be the only option or clearly more advantageous.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In general, the installation of the connection can be done in a few minutes without problems, when purchasing a connection and a terminal, attention has been paid to a few things.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Most interfaces use dynamic IP addresses, whereby machines and other devices automatically receive IP addresses from the provider's DHCP server, making installation easier.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Some interfaces use fixed, or static IP addresses, allowing addresses to be entered manually, and the DHCP server is usually not in use.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

On the other hand, without a fixed address, running your own servers and using certain services is difficult or, in certain cases, impossible.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Instructions for entering addresses are usually obtained from the provider.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In some interfaces (PPPoE), the dynamic address is obtained based on the username and password.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

If a terminal is supplied by the provider, you should make sure that the device has an Ethernet interface.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Most modern computers have a ready-made Ethernet connection on the motherboard or a separate card.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

It may be necessary to get an Ethernet card for older machines.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Terminals that are installed inside the computer or with only a USB connection usually require separate drivers that may not be available for the operating system (or its version) used.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

If you need to purchase the terminal yourself, you should purchase a device with an Ethernet connection and make sure from the seller that the terminal has ready settings for the ordered connection.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Terminals are also available equipped with a wireless network access point, but a separate wireless network access point is often used, which connects to the terminal via an Ethernet cable.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Cable, ADSL and fiber network terminals differ and for this reason, for example, an ADSL terminal cannot be used in a cable network as a terminal.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Installation The terminal is connected to the interface and the computer or computers to the terminal using an Ethernet cable or a wireless network.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In most operating systems, as a standard setting, the address is retrieved from the DHCP server, allowing the connection to work without changing the computer's settings.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

If necessary, it is worth checking the network settings of the machine


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In connection with dial-up networks, such as ADSL and HomePNA, it is also necessary to install ADSL or HomePNA filters at the same interface to devices that use telephone frequencies, such as telephones, voice mails and faxes.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Security When connecting a computer firmly to the Internet, increased attention must also be paid to security.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

In particular, Windows operating systems have open ports and features that allow various malware to spread across the machine.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Also, when using other operating systems, it is worth paying attention to the security of the system.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Although Unix-related operating systems (e.g.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

GNU/Linux and BSD systems) are considered quite secure, their security essentially depends on the fact that any servers listening to the system's network are properly maintained.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

The promotion of broadband in Finland The promotion of broadband at the state level is the responsibility of the National Broadband Working Group set up by the Ministry of Transport and Communications, which is responsible for implementing and monitoring the national broadband strategy.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

See also Broadband ISDN ADSL Cable Modem HomePNA Security Sources On topic elsewhere.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

, Tieke Association.


Question: What is wireless broadband based on?

Broadband (Internet access)

Digita wireless broadband @450 Category:Internet access Category:Broadband Category:Key articles of screening en:Internet access #Broadband access


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Caring for a horse is caring for the needs of the horse.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Caring for a horse is part of the everyday routine of all horse stables.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Feeding Horse natural nutrition is coarse and low-nutrient hay and to a lesser extent other types of plants such as leaves of shrubs and trees.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Captive horses are most often fed either by letting them graze on natural or grass-farmed pastures, or by giving them dry - or otherwise preserved - hay.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

As a small-bellied animal, the horse in natural conditions grazes almost continuously.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Eating corsage feed is therefore very important for the horse both for its organic nutrition and mental well-being.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Getting too little corsy feed can lead to numerous problems, including stereotypical behaviour, eating contaminants such as stall litter or orchard sand, and even a stomach ulcer.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

When feeding easily fatter horses, for example certain breeds of land, some of the hay may be replaced by a more low-energy straw than hay.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Concentrated feed, often cereals such as oats, or industrial feed products are used to feed high-energy working and sport horses.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Caring for hair cover in horses includes regular brushing, washing and, if necessary, cutting and plucking the hair.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Horses are usually brushed or mouthed every day to avoid skin diseases and abrasions, especially in the place of equipment.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Initially, dirt and loose hair are removed with a rubbing rubber mud.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

As a second, a soft brush is used to remove finer-grained dirt and the rest of the loose hairs.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The tail and brush are first cleared with the fingers, after which a comb or sparse sock can be used.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Daily sanitation also involves cleaning hooves with a hoof hook.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

At the same time, check that the hoof is healthy and possible shoe in proper condition.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

A horse is usually washed when it is sweaty or particularly dirty.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

In addition, horses are washed in pursuit of special cleanliness, for example, for a competition or exhibition.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

For washing the horse, special gentle detergents, loofah and brushes are used.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

For washing, a separate raccoon or corner can be equipped.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Depending on the breed, purpose of use, and individual differences, a horse's mane and tail may be cut or thinned by plucking in different ways.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

In particular, the mane of racecars is thinned and braided and wrapped into small cycles for competitions.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Different breeds and riding and driving sports have a wide variety of traditions regarding mane and tail style.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Usually the hair of an old pony/horse goes out of shape.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Equipment maintenance Horse leather fittings are wiped with a damp sponge and saddle soap after use and washed only in special cases.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Leather fittings are also regularly treated with saddle grease, which keeps the leather elastic and durable and gives the leather a slightly shiny, deeper colour.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Fabric and plastic fittings can be brushed dry to remove hair and dirt, and if necessary, washed.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Drobbers are always washed after use to prevent drool hardens that are unpleasant to the horse.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Stables Domesticated horses most often live in stables in individual premises, either standing by their heads attached from behind in open stalls or pars or free stalls, i.e. boxboxes.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

In modern stables, each stable site usually has an automatic drinking cup from which the horse can drink freely at will.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Otherwise, watering should be carried out several times a day.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

A horse stables can be dried with, for example, straw, cutter gum or peat.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The litter is cleaned at least of feces, for most litter also the wettest urine spots daily.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Outdoor Activities Free horses are up and moving most of the day.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Exercise in captive horses often remains only a few hours a day, and outdoor activities in the pasture or in the orchard are an important part of horse care.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Ideally, the horse can be outdoors in a safe, calm and sheltered extensive paddock with your preferred speciesmate for much of the day.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Maintenance of orchards and pastures and maintenance of fencing structures is an important part of the health and safety of horses.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Feces are removed from orchards and possibly also pastures to prevent disease and parasitic infestations.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The base of the orchard is maintained, aiming for a substrate that is sturdy enough but soft and non-slip in all weather conditions and does not collect water.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Plants poisonous to horses are prevented from the pastures, and the condition of the fence structures and the activities of the potential electric shepherd are regularly checked.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Water dishes are regularly filled and washed.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

If necessary, the pasture can be renewed by sowing.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

A pasture canopy to protect against wind, rain and sunshine can be erected on unprotected pasture.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Horses in the pasture around the clock are checked at least once a day for possible injuries or cases of illness.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Shoeing and fluttering The horse is shoed if necessary to prevent overwear of the hooves, sometimes for other reasons as well.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The first shoe is made, depending on the intended use of the horse, usually at the age of 1—3.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Shoeing is usually renewed every 6-8 weeks.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The condition of the shoe is checked daily when cleaning the hooves.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

The hooves of shoeless horses can be fluffed if necessary.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Dental care Horse teeth are mainly serviced by greasing, i.e. grinding, if necessary.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Unfit or interfering with drool use may be removed.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

Passively, dental health can be promoted by avoiding giving sweet tidbits and making sure the horse doesn't eat, for example, its boredom with, say, sand.


Question: How to clean horse hooves?

Horse care

On the topic elsewhere Treatment


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

A soap series (sometimes a soap opera according to the English term soap opera) is an ongoing medley serial programme presented on television or radio, set in its time of completion and has an ongoing plot: the story has no ending but plot twists leading to more and more events and thus form a continuous open narrative.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

[1] Soap series began in the 1930s in the United States on radio.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

On television, they began to be aired in the late 1940s.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

In the United States, they are usually aired during daytime hours, hence the sometimes referred to them as “daytime serial” (“daytime series”).


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

The designation soap series (or opera) comes from the fact that early radio series had very much detergent manufacturers as sponsors, as they were aimed almost exclusively at women, especially housewives.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

[1] The most popular soap series are broadcast every day (often on weekdays), and continue for years.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

Due to the generous number of episodes in a soap series, typically some of the cast changes as production seasons change.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

Some series feature the same character may have been played by more than one actor.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

On the other hand, the return of a popular actor to the series may cause some incredible plot twists (including Patrick Duffy's character rising from the dead in Dallas, Teemu Lehtilä's character rising from the dead in Salatu Lives, and Hunter Tylo's character's double rising from the dead in Beautiful and in bold).


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

One typical feature of soap sets is the rapid aging of children.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

During the summer break, for example, the babies in the series might grow into school-age children and school-age children into teenagers.


Question: Where does the titular soap series (or opera) come from?

Soap series

The most famous soap series Concealed Lives (Finland) (1999 — still) New Day (Finland) (2010—2018) Miracle Workers (Finland) (1996—1998) Best Years (Finland) (2000—2002) Coronation Street (UK) (1960 — still) Emmerdale (UK) (1972 — still) Doctors (UK) (2000 — still) Eastenders (UK) (1985 — still) Hollyoaks (UK) (1995 — still) Dallas (USA) (1978—1991, 2012—2014) Dynasty (United States) (1981—1989) Falcon Crest m. Winery Falcon Crest (USA) (1981—1990) Guiding Light (United States) (1937—2009) Beautiful and Bold (United States) (1987 — still) Passions (United States) (1999—2008) Peyton Place (United States) (1964—1969) Gone by Days (United States) (1965 — still) Feelings and Fragrances (United States) (1973 — still) General Hospital (United States) (1963 — still) All My Children (United States) (1970—2011, 2013) Taken by Lemmen (Germany) (2005 — still) Vengeance (United States) (2011—2015) Marienhof (Germany) (1992—2011) As the World Turns (United States) (1956—2010) Sunset Beach (USA) (1997—1999) One Life to Live (United States) (1968—2012, 2013) Another World (United States) (1964—1999) Search for Tomorrow (United States) (1951—1986) Loving (United States) (1983—1995) Ryan's Hope (United States) (1975—1989) Parodies of the Bubble (“Soap”, United States) Mary Hartman, Mary Hartman ( USA) See also Telenovela Sources


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Vegetables are called plants that can be used for human consumption and are not fruits, nuts, herbs, spices or cereals.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

In a broader sense, root vegetables are also considered to be vegetables.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

In a narrower sense, the word refers mainly to vegetables grown in gardens, the above-ground succulent parts of which are used for sustenance.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[1] The edible part of the plant may be leaf (for example kale, lettuce and spinach), stem (celery), leafy (rhubarb), onion formed underground from modified leaves, or inflorescence base (for example, cauliflower and broccoli).


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Some fruits of herbaceous plants grown as annuals, such as cucumber and tomato [2], as well as legume seeds that are edible as annuals, such as green peas and beans [3], are also usually included as vegetables.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Most globally important vegetable crops originate in the Middle East and Mediterranean countries.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

However, a few species, such as cucumber, originate from East Asia, tomato from Central America.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[4] Health Effects Most vegetables contain only scarce energy but are of great importance as a source of vitamins, minerals and fiber.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

They contain a lot of minerals and trace elements necessary for the body, such as potassium, magnesium and manganese.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

They are also high in folates and antioxidants such as vitamin C and carotenoids.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[5] Beta-carotene is one of the most common carotenoids and acts as a precursor to vitamin A.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[5] International studies have shown that people who eat the most vegetables are 15 to 40 per cent less likely to develop cardiovascular disease than those who eat little.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Men aged 54 to 80 who eat the most portions of fruit were longer-lived.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Vegetables and fruits contain a lot of soluble and insoluble fiber, which promotes bowel function by accelerating passage and acting as an energy source for probiotic gut microbes.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

The fibers also bind cholesterol to themselves and thus reduce the absorption of dietary cholesterol.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Vegetables have a low energy density, they are low-salt and contain many phytochemicals.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Vegetables belong to every meal.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[6] There is no limit on how much vegetables and fruits should be eaten, but rather the following applies: the more, the better.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Also, a slight increase brings health consequences.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[7] [8] Vegetable of the Year in Finland, the Garden Association and Finnish Vegetables Association have chosen the Vegetable of the Year since 1967.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

The goal of selection is to diversify the use and knowledge of vegetables.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Herbs were chosen as the 2012 Vegetable.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

[9] See also List of vegetables Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rousi, Arne| title = Sunflower to vine, food crops in human service| publisher = WSOY| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-0-21295-4}} References on the topic elsewhere Aro, Antti: Terveyskirjasto.fi.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Domestic vegetables.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Domestic vegetables.


Question: Is cauliflower a vegetable or a fruit?

Vegetable

Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali (originally named Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr., January 17, 1942 [1] Louisville, Kentucky — June 3, 2016 [2] Scottsdale, Arizona [3]) was an American heavyweight boxer.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali was a three-time world champion of professional heavyweight, widely regarded as one of the greatest boxers and most outstanding athletes of all time.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He adopted the name Muhammad Ali in 1964 after converting to Islam, but had time before that to also use the name Cassius X. As an amateur boxer, Ali won gold in the medium-heavyweight at the Rome Olympics in 1960.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After turning professional, he dominated the world heavyweight championship on three occasions.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He won his first world title by technical knockout from Sonny Liston in 1964.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, he lost the title in 1967 undefeated after refusing to participate in the Vietnam War.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali also lost his boxing licence, for which he did not fight the next time until 1970.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After his return, he won the world title back from George Foreman in 1974.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He became the first World Heavyweight Champion since Floyd Patterson to have been able to win back the title he lost once.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In 1978, he lost his championship to Leon Spinks, but won it back in a rematch, after which he announced he was quitting boxing.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, he made a comeback, losing in 1980 in a world title match to Larry Holmes.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali was known as a boxer especially for his speed with which he could patch up his match technical shortcomings.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[4] [5] In the early stages of his career, Ali often left off protection and fought with his hands down, seeking to dodge his opponent's blows.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In his later career, he relied heavily on his impact resistance.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After a career, Ali was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, but there is no certainty about the impact of his boxing background on the condition.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In addition to boxing, Ali also worked as an actor, recording music and performing the starring role in a musical.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

His match against George Foreman, known as Rumble in the Jungle, was made into a 1997 documentary film The Ring Kings, which was awarded with the Academy Award for Best Documentary.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In 2001, a film about Muhammad Ali's life appeared, Ali, in which he was played by Will Smith.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

It was nominated for two Academy Awards, as well as many other film industry awards.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali has been honoured in many ways since his career: The Ring rated him the “best boxer” and “best fighter” in 1997.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Sports Illustrated selected him as the “Athlete of the Century” in 1999.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[6] In the same year, French club L'Équipe lifted Ali to second place, Finnish Helsingin Sanomat to third and Swede Dagens Nyheter to seventh in the list of the most outstanding athletes of the century.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[7] He lit the Atlanta Olympic Fire in 1996.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He was named King of Boxing by the WBC Boxing Federation in 2012.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[8] Childhood Cassius Marcellus Clay Jr.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

was born on January 17, 1942, in Louisville, Kentucky.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] According to memoirs published in 1975, after giving birth, the Odessa mother was initially brought the wrong baby, which she noticed on the name tag.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

She called in the nurses, who soon brought the real baby to her: 'I knew straight away something was askew because that other baby was so quiet and kind.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

As soon as Cassius came, he screamed so hard he made all the babies in the ward cry,” Odessa told reporters later.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[10] Cassius Clay's family included, in addition to his Odessa mother, his father, Cassius Marcellus Clay Senior, who supported the family by working as a sign painter, and younger brother Rudolph (later Rahaman Ali).


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Cassius Sr.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

considered himself an artist and also painted murals for Louisville Baptist churches.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The family lived on the west side of town.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Cassius Sr, their home was located in the best area he could afford.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] The paternal profession guaranteed a reasonable standard of living for the family, [11] [12] although Ali claimed in his memoirs published in 1975 that he had grown up in poor conditions and separately denied that his family belonged to the so-called “black middle class”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[13] Clay's mother was Baptist and father Methodist, but the children, like their mother, were raised Baptists.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Clay, his mother took him every Sunday to church, and taught him Christian values such as that hate and prejudice are wrong.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

When Cassius converted to Islam at a later age, the mother accepted the cause: “The most important thing was that he believed in God”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay himself said in his biography that after converting to Islam, he switched his religion and some beliefs, but continued to believe in the same God as his mother.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] Father-Cassius ran into clashes with the police a few times because of disruptive behaviour, selling mortgaged property, and overindulgence.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The parents often quarreled with each other due to Cassius Sr.'s female adventures, and the father is known to have occasionally behaved drunkenly violently.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] With Cassius Sr, both his own drinking buddies and his spouse and sometimes also his own sons [11].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali did not agree to talk about these issues to his biographer [9].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Rahaman, racism was commonplace in Louisville, but despite that, boys only faced racism when moving through certain areas of the city.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Around this time, racial segregation was still permitted in Kentucky.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] At the age of 13, Clay saw a picture on the cover of Life magazine of a 14-year-old black boy who had been murdered because he had whistled at white girls.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The memory of the picture haunted him for years.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] First touches to boxing Cassius Clay Sr.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

often used to take his son to see the lamppost on which former world heavyweight champion Joe Louis had, according to legend, sometimes leaned while chatting with people on the street.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

On one occasion, a father asked his son Cassius to touch a pillar, after which his speaking is said to have increased.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[14] Verbal annoyance of an opponent (trash talk in sports terms) later became an integral part of Clay's performance [15] in his boxing career.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Boxing partner Clay drifted when he was 12 when his bicycle was stolen.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In October 1954, Clay was pedaling with a friend to black bazaars events, but on leaving home, Clay discovered his bike has been stolen.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He reported the matter to police officer Joe E. Martin, who coached young boxers in the basement facilities of the marketplace.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Martin, a crying Clay was furious, and wanted to beat up the bike thieves, leading Martin to urge that he needed to learn how to fight first.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

At first Martin did not consider Clay any special case, but already after a year of training, he began to consider the talents of the young boy considerable.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The reason for this Martin attributed Clay's determination and motivation.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“The boy was ready to make the sacrifices required of a successful athlete, and he was almost impossible to discourage.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Of all the youngsters I coached, he was by far the most gluttonous”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay practised, in his own words, six days a week and, thanks to boxing, mostly stayed away from intoxicants.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] Martin guided Clay to boxing, but Clay also trained with black coach Fred Stoner.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[9] Stoner, who owned a boxing gym, taught Clay how to move around the ring like a dancer.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[12] [16] Career Amateur Boxing After Cassius Clay had fought his first fight as an amateur, his father declared that the boy would be the next World Heavyweight Champion and “the new Joe Louis”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[17] In his amateur career, Clay took 108 fights, of which he won one hundred.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[18] [19] Clay's accomplishments as an amateur include six different league Kentucky Golden Gloves championships, two national middleweight Golden Gloves championships, and the AAU Middleweight United States Championship.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[12] [19] [20] According to Chuck Bodak, who served as an amateur series trustee, Clay made an immediate impression on him when he saw a young boxer fight for the first time at a national Golden Gloves tournament in Chicago: “You had to be blind if you didn't notice the boy's talents”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Bob Sorkein, who has also been an Amateur Federation judge, has spoken of Clay's talent in the same vein: “After watching him in the ring a few times I knew there was something special about this youngster”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[21] Future world heavyweight champion, Louisvillean Jimmy Ellis became friends with Clay during his amateur career.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to him, Clay never behaved aggressively outside the ring, although he was already inclined at that time to loud shenanigans and self-praise.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Ellis, Clay took the practice seriously.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[21] In September 1958, Clay began studying at Lousville Central High School.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He graduated in June 1960 with weak honours and finished at the tail end of his own yearly course.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[22] To be precise, he was the 376th highest grades graduating pupil out of 391 in his year course.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] Clay received better-than-average assessments solely for his health.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[22] After graduating, Clay participated in the 1960 Rome Olympics.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Joe Martin says Clay wouldn't have wanted to leave because he was afraid of flying.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay tried last night to cancel the whole trip.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, Martin convinced Clay that winning the gold medal would help him emerge as world heavyweight champion.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Prior to the competitions, US sports magazine Sports Illustrated named Clay the nation's greatest gold medal effort.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[23] Expectations were rewarded, as Clay won an Olympic gold medal in boxing's middleweight.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He won his first three fights, including two by judge points and one by knockout in the second round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[23] Clay emerged as one of the tournament favourites after defeating middleweight reigning Olympic gold medalist, Soviet Union Gennady Šatkov by overwhelming points.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In the final, he beat experienced Polish Zbigniew Pietrzykowski, who was boxing's three-time European champion.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[12] Clay's victory did not receive much attention in the United States media, but he became a well-known figure in the Olympic Village, where when passing he used to shake hands and get to know other athletes.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[24] Clay was so proud of his medal, he kept it constantly around his neck.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He walked the streets of Rome with the medal, and when he returned to the United States, he wore a tie around his neck as he stepped off the plane.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[12] “I didn't take it off for 48 hours.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

I even wore it in bed.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

I didn't sleep very well because I had to sleep on my back so the medal wouldn't cut me.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

But I didn't care, I was an Olympic champion,” said Clay.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[24] When a Soviet journalist asked Clay how he felt about winning a medal for a country where, because of the colour of his skin, he couldn't go to all restaurants, Clay replied: “Tell your readers that qualified experts are solving that problem for a good time, and I'm not about the outcome at all worried.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The US is better than any other nation in the world, your home country included.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“[25] Later in his biography, published in 1975, Ali claimed to have thrown his medal into the Ohio River when a Louisvillean restaurant refused to serve him because of racial segregation.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Later, Ali said he lost the medal or someone stole it.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[26] Beginning a professional career and assembling background influencers After winning an Olympic medal, Clay returned to Louisville with the intention of embarking on a professional career.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He negotiated a sponsorship deal with Billy Reynolds, the deputy director in charge of the Reynolds Metals Company, but negotiations broke off after Clay's father intervened in them.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Reynolds had suggested that Clay's former coach, police officer Joe E. Martin, might be involved in coaching him.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Cops hated Cassius Clay Sr.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

could not accept this though.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay eventually struck a deal with a group of investors led by Bill Faversham.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Faversham was an avid follower of boxing, having first noticed Clay when he won the Amateurs' Golden Gloves award at heavyweight in 1960.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He decided to put together a group of eleven investors to support the young professional after hearing negotiations with Billy Reynolds had broken off.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[27] The investor group was known as the Louisville Sponsoring Group.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

It included eleven white men, ten of whom were millionaires.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

All of the company's shareholders except Faversham invested $2800 in the operation.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Faversham paid $1400 less because of the work he had done to organize the company.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay made a $10,000 signing bonus.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Among other premiums, Clay was guaranteed a monthly salary of $333.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[28] For the first four years, the proceeds were split equally, but thereafter Clay would receive 60 per cent under the contract and 40 per cent of his profits by investors.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In its own time, the contract was considered fair and was equal to what Reynolds offered.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[27] [28] Already three days after signing his contract on October 29, 1960, Clay fought for the first time as a professional.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He defeated Tunney Hunsaker, who worked as a police officer, by points.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[20] [29] Clay trained for the bout under the coaching of Fred Stoner, but Clay's background influencers wanted to replace him with someone more experienced and chose boxer Archie Moore to replace him.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[30] A group of businessmen sent their investment to a training camp run by boxer Moore in California near San Diego.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The camp was colloquially referred to as the “salt mines”, and Dick Sadler (who later rose to fame as George Foreman's manager) was to serve as an assistant coach.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[31] [32] Clay did not feel comfortable in primitive camp and went away after being bored washing floors and washing dishes.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[32] Coach Angelo Dundee says the crucial turnaround was when Moore told Clay to clean the kitchen.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay wouldn't, because, in his own words, he didn't even help his own mother in the kitchen.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[33] According to Moore, he did not have the resources to organise staff at training camp who would have taken care of the chores, so each camper had to deal with their share of the financial work in turn.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay's departure home left annoying him: “I tried to pressure him into discipline, but it was something Ali was never willing to accept: he always sought to command his superiors, the people he worked with.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Frankly, that kid would have needed a real beating, but I don't know who would have given him one.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“[34] After an unsuccessful training trip, Faversham called Madison Square Garden and asked Harry Markson, who was responsible for its boxing operations, for recommendations on coaches.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Markson recommended Angelo Dundee.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Dundee had first met Clay as early as 1957 while coaching Willie Pastrano and a second time in 1959 when 17-year-old Clay had asked permission to spar against Pastrano and won a round against the future middleweight champion of the world.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Dundee agreed, and Clay arrived shortly after signing his contract on December 19 to train at Dundee's gym in Miami, Florida.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Already eight days later, Clay won the second fight of his pro career by knockout of Herb Siler in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[35] Angelo Dundee, early in Clay's career, sought to pick opponents who were not too much ahead of his protégé in areas of maturity, power or speed.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In his third fight, Clay knocked out Tony Espert in the third round, then Jim Robinson in the first.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Around the same time, Clay sparred with former World Heavyweight Champion Ingemar Johansson, who was in Miami coaching his match against Floyd Patterson.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to promoter Harald Conrad, Clay danced around Johansson, who moved clumsily in the ring, calling her a “coward”: “I'm supposed to be fighting Patterson here, not yours”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The practice session was stopped after the second round after Johansson tired herself out.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Gilbert Rogin, the editor of Sports Illustrated, too, had watched Clay and Johansson sparring and became so convinced of the young boxer's skills that he glowed on his return to New York after only four professional fights won Clay to the magazine's editor-in-chief as a future world champion.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[36] Rising to world champion contender Clay won his next two fights and faced Duke Sabedong in Las Vegas in the seventh match of his pro career.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

It was there that Clay met show wrestler Gorgeous George, who was a guest on the same radio show.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Gorgeus George threatened to 'destroy' his opponent in his next fight.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Meeting the wrestler made a big impression on Clay, as the match against Gorgeus George was sold out: “I had never been shy about my speeches, but at the time I realised that if I was even more, people would pay anything to get to see me,” recalled Ali Hauser writing in biography.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Coach Dundee helped Clay in the media game by showing him the right reporters with which to move forward the young boxer's career.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[37] Clay had his first televised match on July 22, 1961, against Alonzo Johnson.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Although Clay won the ten-round bout by points, his style drew criticism from sportscasters.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Clay, he was allegedly “jumping too much to become a heavyweight.”


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[4] Due to criticism, Dundee advised Clay to knock out his next opponent Alex Miteff as early as the first round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The bout ended with Clay winning by technical knockout in the sixth round as Miteff had trouble staying on his feet.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Although Miteff didn't crash into the canvees early in the bout, Clay's displays were enough for Sports Illustrated's Rogin to proclaim him in the pages of the magazine as boxing's “prodigy”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[4] After Miteff, Clay faced Willi Besmanoff, and promised before the fight that “Besmanoff would be knocked out in the seventh round”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Besmanoff tired early in the match and according to biographer Thomas Hauser, Clay had to stretch the match because of the promise he made in the media.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Coach Dundee did not like his fighter's “messing around”, but the incident boosted Clay's reputation to such an extent that Madison Square Garden decided to take him on as a fixture.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Sonny Banks was chosen as the opponent, whom Clay promised to knock out in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[38] On February 10, 1962, Cassius Clay faced Sonny Banks, whose punch knocked him down for the first time in his pro career in the first round of a scuffle.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, Clay powered quickly and won the fight via technical knockout in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[39] On February 28, 1962, Clay fought Don Warner, knocking out his experienced opponent in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Before the fight, however, Clay had promised to knock Warner out only in the fifth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

When reporters asked Clay why the “prediction” didn't come true, he said he was angry that Warner didn't shake his hand before the match.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Angelo Dundee, Clay claimed he had deducted one round due to unsportsmanlike conduct.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After that, Clay defeated on April 23, 1963, George Logan by knockout in Los Angeles.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

On the same trip, Clay met photographer Howard Bingham, who photographed for a living as a freelancer for Life and Sports Illustrated magazines.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He became a good friend of Clay, who over the next several decades took more than five hundred thousand photographs of him.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[40] After Logan, Clay defeated Billy Daniels in New York and Alejando Lavorante in Los Angeles.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

At this point, Clay's background influencers decided that their protégé is ready to face the experienced Archie Moore, who had previously coached Clay.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to biographer Thomas Hauser, it was a typical bout in which a rising star faced a well-known boxer who had seen his peak moment.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay had only fought fifteen fights as a professional, while Moore had already accumulated more than two hundred fights.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[41] The match took place on 15 November 1962.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Before the fight, Clay announced in rhyme terms that he would knock out Moore in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Moore had earlier in August expressed a desire to button Clay's mouth shut.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[42] Moore's tactic was to strike as much of the body as possible.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He tried to tire Clay by moving, but due to his opponent's speed, Moore had to tie up, leaving his head unprotected.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[43] Moore was knocked out by Clay in the fourth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] The match was watched on site by 16200 spectators.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[44] Former World Heavyweight Champion Jack Dempsey was also present.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the bout, Dempsey told the press he doesn't care whether Clay can box or not because, thanks to him, things are “great again.”


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[14] Two months later, Clay knocked out Charlie Powell in Pittsburgh.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After that, he took a fight against Doug Jones in New York, where a newspaper strike made it difficult to market the match.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Without magazines, Clay was forced to market the match in addition to television interviews by visiting public spaces such as nightclubs and bowling alleys.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Despite the newspaper strike, the match became a success, as the Garden was exceptionally sold out.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to journalist A. J. Liebling, he had not seen anything like it since Joe Louis and Rocky Marciano took a measure of each other in the same arena in 1951.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay had promised to knock Jones out in the fourth round, but the bout lasted full rounds and ended in a points win for Clay.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

During the match, the crowd turned on Clay and soon afterwards local newspapers also began to criticise his personality.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“The very nice and well-liked Clay has damaged his public image with endless retouching, and it's high time he changed his style,” wrote Arthur Daley of The New York Times.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[45] Clay had his final match before his world title fight against Henry Cooper.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

A few days earlier, Clay had said Cooper was only a warm-up for Liston and promised to knock out his opponent in the fifth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[46] Clay arrived in the ring with a crown on his head and dressed in a cloak with “Cassius the Great” on his back.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He again predicted the outcome of the bout, and promised to knock Cooper out in the fifth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[47] Clay started the match in his typical manner.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He was constantly in motion, striking Cooper with a jab in the face.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[48] After three rounds, Cooper was in knockout condition and Clay's alertness diminished.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He wasn't determined to knock out his opponent as he promised until the fifth round, so he put his hands down and danced.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The behaviour irritated William Faversham, the head of Clay's sponsorship company.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[47] Clay kept his hands down in a close-match situation, causing Cooper to slam a furious left hook into Clay's face.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay fell down the canvas while the batch clock announced the fourth round had run out and he walked with shaky feet back to his corner.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

During the batch break, a hole was spotted in Clay's gloves and coach Dundee figured to enlarge it so that Clay would have to find a new pair of gloves, giving him time to recover for a few more moments.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[48] “It was maybe about one extra minute but that was enough for him,” reckoned Dundee.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Eventually, the match was resumed despite a broken chap.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In the fifth round, Clay earnestly attacked Cooper, and the umpire was forced to abort the struggle at the 2 minute and 15 second mark.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[49] After the match, Ali said he underestimated Cooper, called him the toughest opponent he faced and told him he considered him his first challenger.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[33] First World Championship on September 25, 1962, Cassius Clay traveled to Chicago to watch a world title fight between champion Floyd Patterson and challenger Sonny Liston.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Liston subdued Patterson within two minutes.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the match, Clay got up in the ring and challenged the fresh champion to a match for the title.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Liston next decided to face Patterson in a rematch that took place in Las Vegas.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay was also present and continued his bullpen.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After defeating Patterson a second time, Liston accepted Clay's challenge.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[50] The contract for the match was signed on November 5, 1963.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Gordon Davidson, a lawyer who was part of Clay's sponsorship group, said at a press conference following the signing that the decision to go to the match came from Clay himself.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

From the sponsor company's point of view, the world title fight came too quickly, but the fighter refused to listen to their views: “We came to the conclusion that Cassius doesn't even want to develop into the greatest fisher in the world.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[...] He just wants to get rich.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Whether it is wise or not, then it is about his career, and he has made his choice.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“[51] Cassius Clay was only 22 years old and only had 19 professional fights when he got to fight for the world boxing heavyweight title for the first time on February 25, 1964 in Miami Beach.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[52] [53] During his short professional career, Clay had twice gone to canvees against boxers considered mediocre and the Liston bout was expected to remain one-sided.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Boxing experts generally did not believe in the challenger's chances and betting odds were 7—1 in favour of Liston.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Las Vegas bookmakers, only one in five bettors betting on the winner of the match and the rest were betting on which round Liston would knock out Clay.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[54] Many were also amused by Clay's extraordinary assertiveness.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He declared in good time that he was the next heavyweight champion of the world and described himself in words: “I am the greatest, I am the most beautiful!” [53] [55] Liston said he was only concerned about his fist getting stuck in the challenger's big mouth.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[51] When a reporter asked Clay if he was afraid of Liston, he replied, “Blacks fear whites much more than blacks”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] Subsequently, Clay has admitted that he considered Liston a formidable opponent.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[50] [51] In preparation for the struggle, Clay studied Liston's match style and observed his movements outside the ring.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He wanted to stir the thoughts of a world champion and insulted his opponent to anger him.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“I thought that way I would bring him to the edge of rage: in a match he would just want to list me and forget how he fists.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“[51] Before the match, Clay began calling Liston an “ugly bear”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He also attracted attention by invading Liston's practice room and even his home in Denver.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[14] On the latter occasion, Clay called from a telephone booth to all Denver newspapers and television channels.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

She posed as an old woman and told Cassius Clay that she intended to “penetrate at night into Liston's home cave.”


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay took with him a pair of bear irons and a fur coat and went into Liston's yard, but Liston, armed with a coal rod, told him to leave.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Police were able to arrive at the scene before the situation escalated.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[50] Clay continued his interference at the pre-fight weigh-in, where he yelled out to knock out Liston in the eighth round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He arrived at the scene wearing a jacket that read “Bear Hunter” on the back.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Six men were forced to hold Clay down when Liston arrived at the weigh-in.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay's heart rate was elevated.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Doctor Alexander Robbins found Clay to be mentally unbalanced and frightened, and many others present also interpreted Clay's behaviour as fear.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[56] The Miami Boxing Commission punished Clay for his conduct at the weigh-in with fines of $2500.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[57] In the first round of the bout, Clay avoided the aggressive Liston and dodged his firm punches.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

By the start of the third round, Clay was leading the fight and had caused Liston's eye corners to bleed.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] The most dramatic moment of the match was seen after the fourth round, when Clay's eye began to show symptoms.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He returned to the angulation and claimed he couldn't see anything.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

It is not known for certain where the loss of sight came from, but Angelo Dundee believes Liston's shoulder cream got into his eyes through Clay's own gloves.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay led the match overwhelmingly in points, but was nonetheless poised to drop out.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Dundee, however, did not agree to interrupt the struggle and instead rinsed Clay's reddened eyes and patted him to continue.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Midway through the fifth round, the eyes were back in order and in the sixth round Clay took a clear victory.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

At the start of the seventh round, Liston no longer left his corner and Cassius Clay was declared the new World Heavyweight Champion.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The reason for Liston's extradition was a sore shoulder.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[58] At the time of its conclusion, the match was a tie according to the calculations made by the ring judge and the rating judges.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[59] After winning the world title, Clay boasted that he had shaken the world and asked the audience by shouting who is the greatest now.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[55] As the result of the match was surprising, rumours began to circulate in the press about betting fraud orchestrated by the Liston camp.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, Las Vegas betting agencies confirmed that no suspiciously large sums of money had been gambled on Clay's behalf.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[60] Converting to Muslim, name change and rematch Muhammad Ali recounted while living several different versions of what prompted him to convert to Islam.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In a letter written to his second wife sometime in the late 1960s, he recounted reading Muhammad Speaks, a magazine published by the Nation of Islam, and described a cartoon published in the magazine's December 1961 issue.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In the comic, black slaves were forced to abandon their original religion and worship Jesus.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“I liked the comic.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

It did something for me.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

And that made sense,” wrote Ali.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[61] Later, Ali told his biographer: “I happened to glance at the NOI newspaper before I travelled to the Olympics.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

I did not pay special attention to it at the time, but a wide variety of things began to circulate in my mind "[62].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Cassius Clay went to a mosque for the first time in 1961 in Overtown Miami for the Nation of Islam organization (so-called: Black Muslims) called by Sam Saxon (later Adbul Rahama [62]) who belonged to him.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay was impressed by what he saw and heard.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to the organization's Muslim preachers, Christianity was the religion of whites that had been forced upon their black slaves by slave owners, whose original religion was Islam.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[63] Thereafter, Clay regularly read the organisation's magazine and began attending gatherings.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[64] In 1962, Saxon invited Clay and his Rudolph brother to a gathering in Detroit, where Clay met Malcolm X for the first time [65].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Malcom X's widow, Betty Shabazz, Malcolm loved Clay like his own brother, and taught him self-respect [66].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Later, the friends drifted apart due to differences between Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X when the young world champion decided to continue as Elijah Muhammad's successor [67].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Clay kept his membership secret for three years prior to the world title fight because both the Nation of Islam and Clay himself knew that membership could hinder getting a title match.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[68] Rumors of Clay joining took off even before the first Liston match.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In 1963, the Philadelphia Daily News was the first to report that Clay had attended a show of mind organized by the Nation of Islam in Philadelphia.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The news received only minimal attention because at this point Clay had yet to fight Liston and the Nation of Islam was not very well known.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

There was a greater buzz when Clay attended a gathering of the organization on January 21, 1964, in New York City, to which he travelled together with Malcolm X.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the gathering, Clay admitted to the Louisville Courier-Journal newspaper that he had been involved with and liked the Muslim organization, but on his own religious affiliation he did not comment.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, journalist Pat Putnam got word from Clay's father that his son has converted to Muslim and plans to change his name after the title match.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Putnam claimed he received death threats because of a story he wrote.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The promoter of the first Liston match, Bill MacDonald, threatened to cancel the entire bout due to rumors if Clay did not say his release from the Nation of Islam, to which Clay would not agree.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Eventually, the controversy was resolved when Malcolm X agreed to leave Miami for the period leading up to the match, calming the situation down.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[69] Clay announced that he officially joined the organization in a radio interview the day after the championship game.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[70] Furthermore, he announced that he had changed his name to Cassius X to show his contempt for his former “slave name”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[52] [60] On 6 March 1964, the leader of the Nation of Islam, Elijah Muhammad, announced on radio that the name Cassius Clay had no sacred meaning, and gave him the new name Muhammad Ali.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Muhammad meant “worth praising” and Ali in turn was a reference to the Prophet Muhammad's cousin, Caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib, explaining Ali his name to his biographer.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He considered the name change to be one of the most important turning points in his life.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[71] Ali also began making statements to the press showing that he had adopted the radical racial vision of the Nation of Islam.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He believed the integration of blacks and whites was wrong and did not approve of mixed marriages.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

He also said he supported creating his own state for blacks.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[72] During the first trip of his life to Africa, Ali said when he visited Ghana everything in America was so white that he is happy “here with my true people.”


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[73] On July 3, 1964, Ali met Sonji Roi, who worked as a waitress and photographic model, with whom he married as early as two weeks later on 21 August 1964.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

According to Roi, Ali proposed to her already during their first meeting.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[74] The marriage ended in divorce after eleven months.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali filed a complaint in Florida with the Dade County court alleging that Roi had, among other things, refused to follow the Nation of Islam rules he had sworn to abide by at the start of the marriage.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Roi, for example, did not agree to abide by the organization's dress code.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The final distinction went into effect on January 10, 1966.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali was ordered to pay Roi $15,000 a year for 10 years as well as pay $22500 worth of Roi's legal costs.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Before the breakup took effect, Ali sent Roi a message telling her the woman had swapped heaven for hell.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Later, Roi described Ali as an “excellent husband” and said the resignation was because he questioned Elijah Muhammad's teachings and did not agree to obey those who held power in the Muslim organisation who had an influence on Ali.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[75] Ali's membership of the Nation of Islam had a significant impact on his image, as according to biographer Thomas Hauser, Clay's public image prior to the change of religion “pleased the Caucasian population of the country”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Also, according to boxing promoter Harold Conrad, Ali was formerly known as a “good black” whom whites were able to encourage.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[69] Following the announcement of the membership and the change of name, sportscaster Jimmy Cannon wrote that he “despised” Ali and “abhorred” what he stands for.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Promoter Harry Markson, meanwhile, found Ali's antics unfortunate: “We've done a huge amount of work to get rid of cross-racial boundary fences, so it's a shame to watch the heavyweight champion preach in favour of hate religion.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

“[76] After the championship, the attitude towards Clay of Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad also became more positive than previously thought.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Earlier, he had accused those involved in converting Clay of “messing around with boxers” and urged Malcolm X to keep his distance from Clay because he believed Liston would win the fight.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Two days after Clay's victory, Elijah Muhammad glowed at Clay's achievement at the Nation of Islam's annual meeting in Chicago.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[77] The change of name was not appreciated either, as most of the media and some public figures refused to use the new name [78].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

In official contexts, however, Ali was used by the name Cassius Clay for years to come.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[79] On June 19, 1964, Ali lost one of the two world title belts he controlled when the boxing federation WBA did not approve his decision to agree to a rematch against Liston [80].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the first match, Ali's weight had risen to 105 kilograms and he had to work to get to the fitness required for the match [81].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

With training, Ali's weight dropped ten pounds and the girth of his biceps increased by several centimeters.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The match was due to take place as early as 16 November 1964, but three days before the scheduled encounter, Ali suffered a bout of illness due to a congenital stricken inguinal hernia.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Ali immediately underwent surgery, for which the world title fight had to be moved by half a year.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The match venue, too, had to be changed from Boston, Massachusetts, to Lewiston, Maine.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[82] The match took place on 25 May 1965.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The bout was more straightforward than the previous but also more questionable, as Ali defeated Liston by knockout already in the first round.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

During the match, Ali hit Liston with three powerful punches, the last of which a punched right straight in the face knocked Liston down the canvas.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the knockout, however, Ali did not go for a neutral corner and instead stayed beside his beaten opponent to uproot.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[83] Ring umpire Jersey Joe Walcott was so amazed by the situation that he forgot to start counting.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[59] Walcott tried to push Ali away from Liston even though he should have refused to start counting until the champion has gone into a neutral corner.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After 17 seconds of lying in the canvas, Liston stood up and the fight was resumed for a short while until Ring magazine publisher Nat Fleischer shouted that Liston had been knocked out.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

After the debate, Walcott declared Ali the winner of the match by knockout.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Two years after the match, Liston explained that he didn't get out of the canvees because Ali was left standing next to him: “Everybody knows Ali is wacky.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

You can predict the movements of a normal person, but you never know from a madman”.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Liston had again been the bettors” favourite.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[83] Defending the championship, Muhammad Ali defended his title against two-time world champion, 30-year-old Floyd Patterson, at the Convention Hall in Las Vegas on November 22, 1965 [80].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The marketing of the match took a nasty turn when Patterson announced his intentions to “return the championship belt to the Americans" [84].


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Patterson wrote an article for Sports Illustrated magazine detailing his disdain for the Nation of Islam and noting the world champion belonging to “black Muslims” to discredit both his country and his sport with his speeches.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[85] Ali felt no respect for Patterson, who he felt had betrayed his race by moving to an ethnically white borough.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[80] [86] The intervals between the matchmakers became even tighter as Patterson continued to use the Cassius Clay name.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] Ali could not tolerate Patterson's behavior because he had demanded everyone call him by his new name.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

A week before the match, Ali threatened to punish Patterson over the allegations he made in the writing, saying he would hit him “so badly that he needs a shoe spoon to put his hat on.”


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[87] [88] Ali continued to taunt Patterson through the entire long bout, which was settled in Ali's favor in the 12th round by technical knockout.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[11] [89] It has been claimed that Ali would have intentionally prolonged the fight and would not have attempted to secure a quick knockout victory.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[90] [91] The media didn't like the match, and for example, New York Times reporter Robert Lipsyte equated Ali with a little boy ripping off a butterfly wings piece by piece.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[92] In 1966, the contract between Ali and the Lousvillean millionaires who served as his managers expired.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

The reason for the end of the deal has been considered Ali's membership of the Nation of Islam, something that was likely difficult for senior businessmen to tolerate.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[93] Jabir Herbert Muhammad, the son of Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad, was chosen as Ali's new manager.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[94] Ali had met his future manager for the first time in 1964 after his world title fight when he went to photograph himself in a Chicago shop.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

Herbert Muhammad's business instinct and understanding of the boxer's ambition impressed Ali and a deal was born.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[95] Herbert Muhammad paid Ali's training expenses and received 40% of the proceeds from the matches.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[94] Next, Ali was to face Ernie Terrell, who dominated the WBA world title deprived of Ali.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

However, the match, originally intended to take place in Chicago, had to be cancelled.


Question: Why did Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier box in the Philippines?

Muhammad Ali

[96] Ali defended his title in Toronto on 29 March 1966 when he defeated Canadian George Chuvalo by points.