Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[3] [4] [5] [6] The city of Pori was founded in 1558 [7] to the north of the then city of Ulvila, when the port of Ulvila had become impassable for large ships due to land uplift.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori was established on the then-coastline, but due to land uplift, the Bothnian coastline has fallen out about ten kilometres from the city centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The oceanfront neighbourhoods (Meri-Pori) are 20—30 km from the city centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori is still a major port city on the Finnish scale; the harbours are today located in Mäntyluoo and Tahkoluoto.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, Pori has an airport and a railway station.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Of the highway connections, the most important are Highways 2, 8, 11 and 23.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

When Noormarkku and Lavia were annexed to Pori [8], the territory of the city expanded tens of kilometres inland.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

From the remainder of the town's Swedish name Björneborg, -borg (town, castle) is derived from the Finnish name Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[9] The full Swedish name means Bear Town (Bear Castle) and the Latin name Arctopolis derived from Ancient Greek also means Bear Town.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Porista is often used in Finnish as a nickname for the same.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[10] The President of the Republic confirmed the use of the current coat of arms of the city of Pori on 11 December 1931, [11] and has subsequently been redrawn by Olof Eriksson.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The city council confirmed the introduction of a redrawn version on 27 October 1959.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The bear motif of the coat of arms is derived from a 17th-century seal and the motto, Deus protector noster meaning “God our protector”, is from the coat of arms of the town's founder, John the Duke.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Geography Pori had an area of km² according to the surveying institute's measurements, of which km² is land, km² is inland areas and the remaining km² is seawater areas.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[12] The Kokemäjoki river flows through Pori, which has had a great impact on the history of the city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The width of the river is just under 200 metres at the centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The flow rate of the river in the city area is minimal.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Its estuary, where the river's mouth branches, known as Pori's caverns, remain between the mouth branches of the river, begins at the centre of Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Soils in and around Pori range from flat or more broken moraine soil in the southern and northern peripheral parts to the ridge of Yyterinniemi and clay, soot and sand deposits of the Kokemäenjoki estuisto and riverside.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The coastal areas of the city are low-lying and flat land, the average height above sea level is less than ten meters.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Marine bays in the area are generally shallow.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

On the coast, sand is piled up into locational dunes, which can be seen in Yyteri, whose sandy beaches are some of the most famous in Finland.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The most common stone species in Pori is sandstone.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It is spread out on bedrock into a flat mattress, and is covered by thick layers of loose soil.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The highest point in Pori is the Kiimacliffs, which rise to a height of 50.7 metres.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[13] [14] Pori is an archipelago municipality, meaning its archipelago parts are subject to the provisions governing the archipelago.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[15] Regional Joints Prior to regional junctions, the city of Pori had an area of 66.1 square kilometers, of which 35 square kilometers were land area and 31.1 water area.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[16] Attached areaLand of the magnitudewater area Magnitode TotalYear Part of Porin MLK0.5km²4,2km²4,7km²4,7km²1911part of Porin MLK3,0km²21,1km²24,1km²1939part Porin MLK37,5km²2.9km²2.9km²40,4km²1941part Ulvilasta20,5km²1,4km²21.9km²1941part Porin MLKM² :sta0,8km²0,5km²1,3km²1960porin mlk completel184,4km²19,0km²203,4km²1967Lattomeri meadow from Ulvila and Nakkilasta32,0km²0,0km²32,0km²32,0km²1971Ahlainen186,3km²100,0km²286,3km²1972NOORMARKKK316,9km²15,2km²332,1km²2010LAVIA1321,1km²36,6km²36,6km²357,7km²2015 1 Lavia was forced into Pori by Government Decision.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[17] Bedrock Bedrock appears as rock cliffs of sea coasts and ledges and even as ridges of hills.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The exposed bedrock has in some places been plastered into large boulder clusters.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

You see this, for example, in Ahlais.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The bedrock of the Kokemäjoki valley and its southern and southwestern sides is sandstone.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Through the sandstone layer are penetrated by the diabase cliffs in Luvia and the southwestern parts of Nakkila.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

North and northeast of Kokemäenjoki, the bedrock is predominantly diverse diorites.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Bedrock plots often follow the direction of Kokemäenjoki, i.e. they are in a bullet—southeast direction.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The provincial stone of Satakunta is sandstone.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Satakunta sandstone is a river estuary sediment based on structural studies, where the main transport directions of material have been northwest and north.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Exploration for ore has been underway in the regions of Pori, especially Ahlais.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Studies have found ore minerals, but the ore content has been so low that it is not advisable to start mining operations The soil in the periphery of Pori is a moraine consisting of aggregates of all sizes, especially in the direction of Viasvesi and Kuuminaistenniemi.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Normally, moraine soils are covered with spruce forest.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In Ahlaisi and Ruosniemi, the moraines erupt rock deposits and the imprints contain clay and peaty soils.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The ridge is especially in Yyterinniemi.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Sand and gravel have been taken from the ridges for various purposes, so that only large bumps remain.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Sand along the coast has at some points piled up into sand dunes.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The most common soil species in low-lying plains and river bogs are clay, hiesu, and fine sweat.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[18] Layers of clay have formed in other places, up to 50 metres thick.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Fields containing clay and sand are excellent farmlands.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The largest marshes around Pori are located in Kulla and the eastern parts of Noormarkku.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Few of these swamps are in a state of nature anymore.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Swamps have been dried and taken for cultivation and peat in some places.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Water bodies There are a lot of water bodies in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The coast of the Bothnian Sea is about 20 kilometres from Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The bays of the sea are shallow.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Seawater flow directions are along the coast from south to north.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The variation in water height averages 130 centimeters.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The temperature of seawater in the deeplands is 2—3 degrees, while surface water warms up to 14—15 degrees in July.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Coastal waters freeze in November—December and solid ice strength is 30—50 centimeters.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The water in the Kokemäenjoki River in Pori has been very polluted, but it has started to clean up once the treatment plants imposed by the new water laws have been brought into operation.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Climate History The city is born in the delta of the river as a precursor to Pori can be considered the city of Ulvila founded on the Kokemäenjoki side in the 14th century.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Sailing on the river, however, became constantly difficult.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The importance of Kokemäki and Ulvila diminished as ships could no longer get up the river.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 1550, Gustavus Vasa abolished the city of Ulvila and ordered its inhabitants, as well as the people of Rauma, Porvoo and Tammisaari to move to Helsinki.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

However, the bourgeoisie did not feel comfortable in the newly formed Helsinki, and after several pleas, residents of the abolished cities were given permission to leave back to their former neighbourhoods.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

However, a new order to migrate awaited the Ulvilans, as John the Duke wanted to establish a new port and trading city, Pori, closer to the sea, where the Ulvilans had to move.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

His letter of 8 March 1558 founding the city of Pori says: “Since we have seen good that a strong market town should be built on the sea side, and we cannot find any place suitable for fortification in Ulvila, we have chosen another place away from Pori”.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[19] In the early stages, Pori was home to about 300 reluctant residents.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

However, they quickly began to discover the upsides of their new residence, among them an advantageous location.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the era of counter-attacks, the city of Pori grew and became rich, and the King's Mansion of Pori was built there.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In late 1563, however, the situation abruptly changed when John and his brother King Eerik XIV quarreled.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The people of Pori found themselves in a situation where they had to choose between Eerik and Juhana.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

They rejected John, submitting to Eerik's subject.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Eerik was pleased, and gave the Porites as a prize in 1564 city and free trade rights.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The development of the town looked very good until it had to be destroyed by fire in the 1570s.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The fire destroyed about a third of the town; however, the town soon got back on track.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

By the early 17th century, Pori had grown to become the third largest city in Finland.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

There were just under 1,000 inhabitants and there was no end in sight to the growth of the population figure.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the 1640s, the region of Pori was about to be separated into its own county, but the county of Pori was short-lived.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[20] However, it was not the only setback experienced by Pori at that time.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori's pedagogy was discontinued in the 1630s, and its pupils were forcibly moved to Turku.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Peter Brahe tried to ease the city's educational deficit by establishing a trivial school there, but that prestigious educational institution was completely destroyed in the city fire of 1688.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The trivial school was transferred to Rauma and a much more modest pedagogy was opened in its place.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

As a result of that sequence of events, Pori drifted into discount mode.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori had been overrun in the Great Northern War, and Russian squatters destroyed the city's infrastructure to great lengths.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

However, with the coming of peace, the city began to recover again when it was exempt from taxes.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the middle of the 18th century, the population of Pori exceeded 1,000 inhabitants.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori had come to the taste of good development again, with locomotives such as abundant foreign trade and land trade in Pori and its neighbouring regions.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Clapper rights Pori were reacquired in 1765 after a hiatus of more than a hundred years.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Exported goods included grain, livestock, flax, and timber.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori also had a mighty merchant fleet whose ships even visited Germany.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The manufacture of sailing ships was significant.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The manufacturing industry also raised its head in Pori around this time and the establishment of a tobacco factory started an industrial revolution, which also resulted in the establishment of a dyeing plant and a flannel weaving plant in the city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The town was doing relatively well again until the fire returned to the city again in 1801.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The fire destroyed the town almost completely leaving about 3000 residents homeless.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Reconstruction work began quickly.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori was still an economically significant city, shipping traffic was significant due to the export of sawn timber and tar.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The merchant navy became even more formidable and in the 1840s the first steamers were introduced.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

But it didn't take long for Jo fire to return again to ravage the city on 22 May 1852.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

This fire destroyed 3/4 of Pori's buildings, and poor townspeople built temporary housing from fire debris.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Those who lost all their possessions moved into pit flats, which they dug for sand canvas.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The city leaders had enough of the fires, and decided to expel the fires from Pori now once and for all.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

They designed a new downtown with its grand park streets.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Shipping and merchant shipping faded during the mid-nineteenth century.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Shipbuilding continued to be bustling along the coast e.g.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Luvia, Reposaari and Ahlais.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Some of the city's newly established factories ended up bankrupt, but Pori had nonetheless turned into an industrial city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The sawmill, metal and textile industries were the largest employers.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 1852, Rosenlew was founded and in 1900 the Pori cotton mill.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Industrial activity gave rise to an upper-class in Pori, which quickly took over the beach blocks of Eteläranta and became a residential area for wealthy people.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

At the same time, however, an even poorer working class emerged.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The gap between rich and poor caused rebellion, and at the beginning of the 20th century the working population began to demand better treatment.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

After the wars, the city's population rose at a rapid pace.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The limit of 75,000 inhabitants was crossed in 1970.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The highest spike was in the mid-1970s, when Pori had more than 80000 inhabitants.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

After that, however, the population went into decline.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Cityscape Pori has burned down no fewer than nine times in history.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The cityscape of Pori began to develop as it is today after 1852, the last major fire, when the city was wanted to be made more spacious and when the county architect G.Th.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Chiewitz designed the current city plan with Emperor Nicholas I's approval of it.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[21] The centre of Pori is on the southern shore of Kokemäenjoki.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The downtown street grid forms a typical checkerboard pattern.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It also includes two esplanad-type park streets that intersect perpendicularly, much wider than other streets, one named North Park on the north side of these intersection, South Park on the south side, and the other respectively East Park and West Park respectively.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

A significant part of the cityscape is the shop-lined Yrjönkatu leading south of the river river, which in 1977 was transformed into a pedestrian street and is Finland's first pedestrian street established by the city plan, [22] as well as extensive park concentrations.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Subsequently, raising the look of the city centre in particular has been considered important, and Maa-Pori's sub-general formula 1993 introduced a project that would create a particularly light axis of transport and services in the city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Promenadi-Pori, which the name of the project began to be used since 1995, would start in the northern parts of the city, the joint centre of the Toejoki and Isonsanna neighbourhoods at the end of the former Vaasantie end and continue across Isonsanna past the present University Centre and across Kokemäenjoki at Yrjönkatu to the pedestrian street.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

From the other end of the pedestrian street, the axis would continue through the railway station and the extensive sports complex of Isonmäki to the commercial hub of western Pori on the side of Turku road, namely Highway 8.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Promenade project continued the renovation of the city centre, which was opened in 1977 and the first permanent pedestrian street in Finland.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The aim of the project has been to keep the urban centre alive, improve amenity and services, and develop light and public transport and transport and parking arrangements.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Key street spaces were spatially periodised through new structures such as canopies, furnishings, plantings and signage, as well as materials, colouring and lighting.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The project has had a particular impact on the amenity of downtown.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, the Promenade Centre for Music and Cinema was built on the side of the pedestrian street in 1999, the footbridges running from Kirjurinluoo to the south and north banks of the river, and the Delta Arena designed specifically for the concert use of Pori Jazz in Rajatimieenluoto , which was introduced in 2002.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The establishment of a travel centre in connection with the railway station in 2017 complemented the project.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[23] In 1997, the Promenadi-Pori Project was awarded the annual SAFA Award of the Finnish Architects Association for its successful project promoting architecture and living urban environment.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2002, the Pori National Urban Park was established in Pori, the core of which is formed by the park axes belonging to Promenadi-Pori, associated cemeteries, and which continues further to the caves of the Kokemäenjoki estuary in the north and into the Pori Forest in the south.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[24] The most architecturally spectacular parts of Pori include the stone Neo-Renaissance style beach blocks of the South Bank, and the North Park, which includes, among other things, the neoclassical Pori Town Hall, designed by Carl Ludvig Engel and August Krook's main work, Junnelius Palace.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The neo-Gothic Keski-Pori Church also serves as a landmark in the centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Representing the objects of the Art Nouveau period is the Cygnaeus school designed in 1910 by Usisto Nyström.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Population The population of Pori has been rising in recent years with the municipal associations and the city had a population of inhabitants.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[1] Women make up 51.4% of residents.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The proportion of foreign nationals is 2.1 per cent.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the 21st century, birth rates have been lower than the mortality rate except for 2006.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2016, 722 children were born and the death rate was 1,104.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

3247 new residents moved to the town from the home country, while 3359 people moved out of it.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Adding to the allotment, the number of residents decreased by 304.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[16] [25] Language Pori is a unilingually Finnish-speaking city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Swedish language is spoken as their native language by 0.5% of residents.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Finnish has been the administrative language of Pori since 1905.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The single largest language in the Other Languages group is Russian.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Development of the population Pori's population rose to 80000 in the 1970s and decreased until the 2000s until the 2010 municipal association with Noormarku raised the population to a generous 83000.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The population rose further with the incorporation of the municipalities of Lavia in 2015.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Large leaps in population numbers can be explained by regional junctions.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The table has used the regional allocation that was in force at any given time.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The following graph shows the population trend of the town every five years since 1980.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

On 1 January 2016, the regional division used is in accordance with the situation.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Data from regional federations have been combined.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Regional division Pori is divided in statistics into eight larger regions, which are: Central City (12,745 as.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

North Maa-Pori (14,435 p.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Eastern Maa-Pori (17,514 p.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Läntinen Maa-Pori (18,220 p.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Meri-Pori (8,857 p.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

North Pori (7,268 p.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Southwest Pori (1,376 as.)


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The previous Meri-Pori can still be divided into Meri-Pori I and Meri-Pori II.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

These areas are formed of villages and boroughs.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The territories of the former Ahlainen municipality belong to Meri-Pori and North Pori, the former municipality of Noormarku in turn to North Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[16] Boroughs Pori has 92 boroughs.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[28] Conurbations At the end of 2017, Pori had 84,587 inhabitants, of whom 78,302 lived in built-up areas, 5,377 in sparsely populated areas and the coordinates of the residence of 908 inhabitants were unknown.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The agglomeration rate is calculated from residents whose residence coordinates are known; the agglomeration rate of Pori is 93.6%.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[29] The agglomeration population of Pori is divided between ten different agglomerations: [30] The city centre area is shown in bold.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The agglomerations marked with an asterisk (*) belong to this city only partially.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, the central conglomeration of Pori extends to the areas of the cities of Harjavalta and Ulvila and the municipality of Nakkila.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[30] In total, the central district of Pori has 84,190 inhabitants and covers an area of 121.37 square kilometres.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[31] In addition to the neighbourhoods of Kyysaari and Pihlava, the agglomeration includes Eäjärvi, Paarnoori and Uusininitty.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Parishes According to the 2018 regional division, Pori has the following parishes of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland: [32] Keski-Pori Parish Lavia Parish Länsi-Pori Parish Meri-Pori Parish Noormarku Parish Pori Telja Parish These parishes form Pori Evangelical Lutheran Congregational Group.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

As of the beginning of 2019, Noormarku parish is also active within the Pomarku Municipality.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Among the parishes of the Finnish Orthodox Church in the Pori region, Tampere Orthodox Congregation operates.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[33] Former Parishes The following list lists the parishes abolished in the historical period in the present area of the city of Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[32] Ahlainen Parish (annexed to Meri-Pori Parish 2015) Pihlava Parish (annexed to Meri-Pori Parish 2015) Pori Urban and Country Parish (divided into Keski-Pori, West Pori and Pihlava Parish 1961) Reposaari Parish (annexed to Meri-Pori Parish 2015) Services Education University education University education started in Pori in 1983.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In this case, the Pori Training and Research Centre started, where, in cooperation with Tampere University of Technology and Turku School of Economics, continuing technical and business education was organised.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Further vocational education from engineering to Master of Science began in 1987.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Operations moved to Pori's Cotton premises in 1999.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The functions of Tampere University of Technology and Turku School of Economics were merged into a higher education unit in Pori in 2000.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The University of Turku and the University of Art and Design became involved in the activities in 2001—2002.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The name of the higher education unit in Pori changed to Pori University Centre in 2003.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[34] Pori University Centre is home to Aalto University, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere University and University of Turku.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

You can study engineering, business sciences, humanities, social sciences and visual culture at the University Centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Pori Student Association Pointer ry operates at the University Centre of Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

University of Applied Sciences in Pori is located at Satakunta University of Applied Sciences (SAMK), which started its permanent operation in 1997.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Approximately 6000 students study at the University of Applied Sciences and they are organized into Student Union Frogs.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

At SAMK, teaching is organised in four areas of expertise: wellness and health, service business, logistics and marine technology, and technology.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The University of Applied Sciences operates in four locations: Pori, Rauma, Kankaanpaa and Huittisi.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

There is also a unit of the Diakonia University of Applied Sciences in Pori, where you can take Bachelor's degrees in socionomy and nursing.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The degree of socionomy may be accompanied by the rank of deacon, and correspondingly, to the degree of nurse the deaconess.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Other education More than 800 children attend preschool education in Pori every year, more than 90% of the entire age category.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Primary school education is diverse in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Twenty-five city-operated primary schools and three special primary education schools operate in the town.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, the private Pori Christian School, Pori steinerkoulu and Swedish-language Björneborgs svenska samskola operate in the town as replacement schools.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The total number of primary school children is approximately 7300.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

There are three secondary schools: Pori Lyceum Secondary School, Pori Finnish Joint Lyceum Secondary School and Pori Adult Secondary School.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Meri-Pori Secondary School and Lavia Secondary School were dissolved in 2015 and West Pori Secondary School a year later.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The high school offers emphasis on fine arts, expression, sports and natural science, as well as the option to select specific business courses.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, there is a Swedish-language high school.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[35] Pori Service College, Pori Tekniikkaopisto and Pori Metsäopisto merged to become Pori Vocational College in 2005.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2010, Pori Vocational College, Pori Adult Education Centre, Rauma Vocational College and Innova Western Finland Adult Education Centre merged into WinNova.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Secondary vocational education is also provided by the Palmgren Conservatory, from which graduates as a music technologist and musician.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

There are about 3000 students studying vocational training.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2009, JAKK, a nationwide adult educator and developer, started working in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Healthcare in Pori is the Satakunta Central Hospital of Satakunta Hospital District.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori Basic Safety Centre organises social and health services, including e.g.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Maantiekatu Hospital (aic.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori City Hospital).


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The services of doctors, health nurses and nurses are handled in three neighbouring service areas: West Pori, North Pori and East Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The doctor's reception is offered at Maantiekatu Main Health Station, Itä-Pori Local Service Centre, Pihlava Health Station, Reposaari Health Station, Noormarkku Health Station and North Pori Health Station connected to the Cotton shopping centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[36] Traffic Pori Mäntyluoto serves as the terminus of Highway 2.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The highway originally terminated in downtown Pori, but in the 1996 road numbering reform, sub-road 265 from Pori to Mäntyluoo Harbour was renumbered as Highway 2.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori also serves as the starting point for Highways 23 and 11, with Highway 8 running through the city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori is Finland's largest city with no motorway running on its territory.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Local bus services in Pori and its surrounding municipalities are mainly operated by Pori Lines 26 on its line.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It has about 1.7 million passengers annually.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In autumn 2017, a city traffic line with dense tidal lines started as a new line on the Central Hospital—Matkakeskus —Kauppator—Cotton route.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

During the summer time, public transport in Pori is also operated by the city train, which operates once an hour the Kauppatori—Railway Station—Porttaali—Sports Centre — Kirjurinluoto—Kauppatori route.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori Train Station provides daily direct connections to Tampere.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Train services are handled by VR Intercity trains.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The direct intercity shift between Helsinki and Pori was abolished in 2006, but resumed in June 2010 with a single round-trip daily shift.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Port of Pori is one of the largest sawn timber ports in the Nordic countries, one of Finland's leading container ports and the deepest port in the Gulf of Bothnia (15.3 metres).


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It consists of three separate parts: Mäntyluoo, Tahkoluoto Deep Harbour and Oil and Chemical Harbour.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition to the port of Pori, the central fishing port of Reposaari is also located in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Between 1971 and 1972, Vaasan shipping company Vaasanlaivat operated from Pori to Sundsvall in Sweden on board the Polar Express.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori's pedestrian and cycling network has a length of more than 300 kilometers.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[37] Pori is a great cycling destination because the ground surface is almost flat throughout.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Direct bike paths are available to Yyteri, which is about 18 kilometres away from the city centre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori has the highest number of moped cars out of all Finnish municipalities in proportion to the population and absolute number.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[38] Pori Airport has from time to time provided scheduled services e.g.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Helsinki and Stockholm.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

There are also direct flights from the airport to foreign resorts.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The airport caters to a large number of business travellers, and during the time of Pori Jazzie, charter traffic is busy.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2013, the station had approximately 26229 passengers.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Finnish Aviation College is located in Pori and is one of the biggest users of the airport.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Distance to major Finnish cities: Helsinki 237km to Tampere 114km to Turku 139km to Oulu 501km Lahti 240km to Kuopio 407km to Jyväskylä 262km to Lappeenranta 388km to Rovaniemi 708km to Kotka 354km to Vaasa 193km Tornio 632km to Hämeenlinna 182km.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Kuusamo's 721km Politics City Council Pori City Council has 59 seats.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the 2017 municipal election, 40,473 votes were cast, an increase of 58.3% of those eligible to vote.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[39] For the period 2017—2021, the city council is chaired by Krista Kiuru of the SDP.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The first vice-president is Oili Heino of the Left Alliance, the second vice-president is Laura Huhtasaari of the Persian Finns and the third vice-president is Juha Vasama of the Coalition Party.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[40] Mayors and mayors Mayors Peter Matinpoika Cat 1562—1571 Johan Eilosson 1593—1612 Melker Larsson 1617—1629 Henrik Tomasson 1630—1646 Johan Berndtsson Röper 1646—1650 Lars Larsson 1650—1652 Hans Hansson Gode 1652—1659 Gustaf Henriksson 1659—1671 Gabriel Keckonius 1671—1709 Henrik Elfving 1710—1720 Pehr Ståhlfoot 1721—1749 Nils Gotteleben 1747—1748 (Acting.) Henry Lidin 1748 (acting) Anders Gilberg 1749 (acting) Erik Miltopaeus 1749—1750 (acting.) Lars Sacklén 1750—1791 Karl Mörtengren 1791—1812 Jakob Reinhold Sarin 1808—1812 (acting.) Kristian Johnsson 1812—1828, 1831 Erland Rosenback 1828—1830 (Acting.) Johan Hertell 1831—1832 Gustaf Henrik Ignatius 1832—1844 Klaus Wahlberg 1844—1859 Abraham Vilhelm Montin 1860—1866 August Herman Alm 1867—1869 Frans Edvard Molander 1870—1896 Johan Arvid Hjorth 1898 Harald Wilhelm von Hellens 1900—1903, 1906—1915 A.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

E. Caselius 1903—1906 Torsten Malinen 1915—1919 Wilho Rewell 1919—1941 Väinö Hahta 1941—1946 Mayors Frans Härmä 1929—1946 Martti J. Ekblom 1946—1962 Vilho Rantanen 1962 (acting) Oiva Kaivola 1963—1969 Heikki Koski 1970—1975 Martti Sinisalmi 1975—2004 Aino-Maija Luukkonen 2004— Business life There were 35216 jobs in 2014.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

7548 residents of other municipalities worked in Pori and 5710 Porians outside the city in 2014.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The unemployment rate was 10.7% in May 2018.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[41] The largest employers in Pori by number of employees in 2016: [16] City of Pori (5,136) Satakunta Hospital District (3,599) Satakunta Group (1,150) Enersense International (481) Huntsman P&A Finland Oy/Venator (450) Technip Offshore Finland Oy (449) Sampo- Rosenlew Oy (400) Ruskatalojen Service Association (365) Luvata Pori Oy (351) West Coast Education Oy (320) Satakunta University of Applied Sciences Oy (293) Pori Energia (245) Aurubis Finland Oy (244) Pori Establishment Ltd.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Congregational group (216) Culture Pori has been organised annually since 1966, one of the largest festivals held in Finland, and the most famous of the events held in Pori and throughout Satakunta.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Jazz are traditionally set in July.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Another major international event, the folk culture festival Pori Folkia, has been held in Pori since 1999.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition to these, Pori also hosts the Outlaws Theatre Festival, and since 2011, Kirjurinluoto has hosted the Porispere rock festival during the summer.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Theatre art has a long tradition in Pori, since Finland's first Finnish language professional theatre started its operation in Pori in 1872.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Today, that theatre bears the name Finnish National Theatre, and is located in Helsinki.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The most famous of Pori's existing theatres is Pori Teatteri, which was formed in 1931 when Pori Stage and Pori Workeren Theatre were merged.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition to that, there are several other theatres in Pori, such as the Lovers Theatre.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Among the visual artists in Pori was born Akseli Gallen-Kallela in 1865 and Elin Danielson-Gambogi in 1861 in Noormarku.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Of the composers in Pori, Selim Palmgren was born in 1878.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Satakunta Museo and the internationally acclaimed Pori Art Museum are responsible for museum offerings in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Art Museum was started in 1979, and the museum's collections consisted of 300 works donated by Maire Gullichsen (o.s. Ahlström).


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Gullichsen's collection encompassed mostly domestic modern art from the 1910s onwards.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Satakunta cultural heritage is cherished by the Korsman House and the Building Culture House Toivo under the auspices of the Satakunta Museum.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Satakunta Museum also operates Arkki, an exhibition of Satakunta wetland nature.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Pori City Library also serves as the Satakunta Provincial Library.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition to the main library, the library's offices are Ahlainen Library, Käppärä Library, Lavia Library, Nakkila Library, Noormarku Library, Pihlava Library, Reposaari Library, Ruosniemi Library, Sampola Library, Satakunta Central Hospital Library and Library Car.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In 2008, the library celebrated the 150th anniversary of its founding.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori is also known for children's culture and many different cultural actors orient their activities and services towards children's culture.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori Children's Culture Centre — Satakunta Children's Culture Network has started its activities in 2003 and is part of the national network of Taiklamppu children's culture centres.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The Centre contributes to the coordination of children's cultural work throughout the Satakunta region.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Other major actors in children's culture include SEKK, Satakunta Centre for Living Kuva and Kultutalo Annankatu 6, namely Annis.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Basic education in fine arts is provided by the School of Fine Arts for children and young people in Pori and for adults by the Pori Art School.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Basic education in dance art is given by the School of Ballet and Flamenco in Pori and the School of Dance Liisa Nojonen.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Vocational training in the field of music and basic arts education is provided by the Palmgren Conservatory.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori is also home to its Philharmonic Orchestra Pori Sinfonietta.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The orchestral activity itself in Pori began as early as 1877.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Concerts of the symphonieta are mainly held at the Promenade Centre, which was completed in 1999.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It is located in the heart centre of Pori, along the main and pedestrian street Yrjönkatu.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It is also responsible for the cinema supply of Pori, since the same building houses a cinema comprising Finnkino's five halls.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Popular Porite ensembles, especially in the 1980s, have been e.g.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Dingo, Mamba and Night, also known as the phenomenon of Porirock.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the early years of the 21st century, Porista has developed into one of Finland's most vibrant alternative art centres.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Several country-famous alternative pop and rock bands, a few alternative theatres, an active performance art group and performance festivals, as well as NYTE, the Artists' Society, which organizes other alternative art activism, are active in the city.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Published in 2008, the Pori book describes the development of the city's recent past and the present in an unadorned realistic way.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Three newspapers appear in Media Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The largest and most famous of them is Satakunta's Kansa, which is the eleventh largest newspaper in the country by circulation.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[42] It has been accompanied by a weekly newspaper called Porilaine on Fridays since June 2013, when the former Porin Sanomat was merged with Satakunta Kansa.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[43] The other two papers are Social Democratic New Aika and Satakunta Work, a voice supporter of the Left Alliance.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the 2000s, due to their financial situation, they have been forced to reduce their appearance to one time per week and Satakunta's Work turned into an online magazine in 2016.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition to these, the centrist newspaper Lalli, which was defunct in 2009, appeared during his final years in Pori


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The city's last Swedish-language magazine, Björneborgs Tidning, ceased its appearance in 1965.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Two free distribution magazines are also published in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Satakunta Week and New Pori appear once a week.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In the Pihlava district, Meriporalainen, a free distribution magazine, and in 2010, the North-West Väylä, which appears once a week in the municipality of Noormarku, annexed to Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In addition, the Pori Student Association Pointer ry publishes free distribution [44].


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Yle Pori has its own regional delivery, Yle Pori, which makes news and programmes for both regional and national broadcasts on television, radio and online.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It is one of Radio Finland's provincial radios.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[45] Radio Pori, on the other hand, is one of the oldest local radios in the country.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[46] It began broadcasting in December 1985.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Local radio Eazy 101 operated from 2012 to 2015.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

[47] [48] Sports Pori is home to Finland's oldest sports club, the sailing club Segelföreningen i Björneborg (BSF) founded in 1856.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It was founded in the midst of a winter storm in Pori on January 26, 1856.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Finland's oldest sports club is still active in promoting sailing and boating activities.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Its home port is located in Mäntyluoo District, Kallo Island.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In Ice Hockey's SM-liiga, Pori is represented by Pori Ässät.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It has won the Finnish championship three times; in 1971, 1978 and 2013.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Silver Aces has achieved in 1979, 1980, 1984 and 2006.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It was founded in 1967 when the Pori Bears, who won the championship in 1965, and Rosenlewin Athletes -38, who celebrated the 1967 championship, were merged.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Aces ice rink serves as the 6350-seat Isomäki Areena, originally built in 1964 as an artificial ice track.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

It was covered in 1971.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Pori is also home to the ice hockey club Karhu HT, founded in 2000, and its home rink is Isomäki Areena.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In football, Poria has been represented most successfully in 1934 under the name Pallo-Taverit and acquired a new name in the early 1990s by FC Jazz, which has won the Veikkausliiga championship two times, in 1993 and 1996.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The club's representative team filed for bankruptcy in 2005.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The club was relegated to the sixth league level after bankruptcy, but has risen from there during the decade back onto the Finnish football map.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Nowadays FC Jazz plays in Kakkonen.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Other active bore teams include PoPa, Musan Salama and Toejoen Veikot.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Musan Salama rose to Ykköse at the conclusion of the 2018 season and is thus the men's football team playing at the highest league level in Pori.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Rosenlewin Athletes '38 was awarded silver in the 1959 championship series.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Female football in Pori is represented by Nice Futis.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Since 1964, the stadium in Pori has served as the main stage for Porese football.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

The most important of the winter internships is the Bear Hall.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

In athletics, Pori is represented today by Pori Athletics and in the municipal association Noormarkun Nopsa.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Both clubs have several athletes who have excelled at youth level and a few athletes at SM-level.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Year-round training facilities are also great for athletics thanks to Bear Hall.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Other sports clubs in Poria include Pesäpallo team Pesäkarhut, floorball team FBT Karhut, rink ball team Pori Kärpät, football team Pihlavan Workeren Athletes, ice ball team Narukerä, Pori Swimming Association, Pori Bears, volleyball team Pori Bears, volleyball team Pori Lentis, Pori Kendoseura Dai Kuma Ken Kai, Koiviston Isku, gymnastics/cheerleading/gymnastics club Pori female gymnasts and water polo club Sentterit.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Places to visit Buildings Cygnaeus School Juselius Mausoleum Pori Market Hall Pori City Hall Pori Airport Pori Bus Station Pori Cotton Pori Town Hall Pori Train Station Pori Theatre Villa Mairea Places Ahlainen Eteläranta Kallo Kirjurinluoto Noormarkku Ironworks Pori Market Square Pori Stadium Isomäki Sports Centre Reposaari Yyteri Museums Nature House Arkki Pori Art Museum Rosenlew Museum Satakunta Museo Cygnaeus School Juselius Mausoleum Central -Pori Church Pori City Hall Promenade Centre Signelinna Friendships Sundsvall, Sweden, since 1940 Sønderborg, Denmark, since 1952 Porsgrunn, Norway, since 1956 Riga, Latvia, since 1965 Bremerhaven, Germany, since 1967 Stralsund, Germany, since 1968 Eger, Hungary, since 1973 Kołobrzeg, Poland, since 1975 Mâcon, France, since 1990 See also List of known Porites List of statues and monuments in Pori Category:Pori attractions Category:Pori church buildings Sources Marja-Liisa Lehto, Ilari Järvinen: Deus Protector Noster.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Satakunta Museum 1998.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Aarne Seppälä, Heikki Tokila: Book of the Pori Side.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

Otava in 1986.


Question: In what year is Pori founded?

Pori

References On Topic Elsewhere * Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic () is a denomination used in historical research from Germany between 1919 and 1933, when the country was a republic.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Officially, the state was even then called the German Empire (Deutsches Reich).


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The era is considered to have begun when the new German constitution enacted in the city of Weimar on 11 August 1919 went into effect after Germany suffered defeat in World War I.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The period of the Weimar Republic came to an end with the rise of Adolf Hitler and the National Socialists and the abolition of the democracy that existed in the country.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Beginning of the Republic 1918—1919 From 1916, German policy was effectively led by the Army and its High Command (Oberste Heeresleitung, OHL) under its chief Field Marshal Paul von Hindenburg.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

When it became apparent that the war had been eradicated, the OHL insisted that responsibility would pass to a civilian government with the goal of secession from the war.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

There was a change of government in the German Empire.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The new Reich Chancellor (Reichskanzler) Prince Max von Baden thus offered US President Woodrow Wilson an armistice agreement on October 3, 1918.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On 28 October 1918, the Constitution of the Empire was amended so that the country became a parliamentary democracy.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This made the Reich Chancellery accountable to the Reichstag rather than to the Emperor.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

However, the plan to turn Germany into a parliamentary monarchy failed as the country plunged into chaos as troops returned from the front.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The war had emotionally and physically ravaged many soldiers and acclimatised them to violence, which was resorted to even when peace returned.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Bloody clashes broke out between the left and the right.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Rebellious soldiers and laborers When the army leadership ordered permission from the Reichstag without asking for the offensive patrol mission of the German Navy's Ocean Fleet (), a mutiny broke out.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

If the order had come to pass, the peace talks would in all likelihood have lapsed.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The crew of two ships mutinied at Wilhelmshaven and the army arrested about 1000 sailors and transported them to Kiel.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This led to the spread of local rebellion over the entire kingdom.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The mutinying soldiers, sailors and labourers who sympathised with them formed the 1918 Revolutionary Council and took power in many cities.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

By 7 November, the revolt had spread to Munich, where Louis III of Bavaria was the first German monarch to go on the run.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Initially the demands of the councils were minimal, they merely demanded the release of captured sailors.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

From the Bolshevik coup in Russia, they differed in such a way that they were not controlled by the Communist Party.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Because of events in Soviet-Russia, Germany's upper class and middle class feared that Germany would become a Soviet republic.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The intermediate between Social Democrats and Communists, the German labour movement was divided.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The left-wing social democrats USPD, advocated the power of Workers' Councils and the majority Social Democrats SPD, parliamentarianism.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The division had been formed even before World War I 1914.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The left wing of the Social Democrats had opposed Germany's entry into the war, and in 1919 some of them supported a socialist Spartakist rebellion as communists.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

A majority of the Social Democrats supported defending German interests.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

When the Spartacists attempted a socialist revolution in Germany by coup, the Spartakists were responsible for suppressing the rebellion as the minister responsible for the Reichswehr, the Social Democratic Gustav Noske.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Communists accused the Social Democrats of betraying the cause.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

A republic or a Soviet power?


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

All socialists demanded the resignation of Emperor William II.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On 9 November, the majority Socialists at the Reichstag House in Berlin declared the birth of a German republic, at the same time that a minority elsewhere — led by Karl Liebknecht, among others — declared the country a Soviet republic.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Still on the same day, Reich Chancellor Max von Baden transferred power to Friedrich Ebert, leader of the majority Socialists.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

However, this was not seen to appease the popular forces, and a day later a revolutionary administration Council of People's Councillors (Rat der Volksbeauftragten) was established, which included both majority and minority socialists and represented workers and soldiers.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

However, this administration was opposed by the minority socialists left wing, the Spartakists, led by Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Ebert called together the National Congress of Councils, which met 16—20.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

December and where the majority socialists had a majority.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The Soviet Congress decided that enactment of a future constitution would fall to the National Assembly elected by universal suffrage.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Thus Ebert managed to marginalize the supporters of Soviet rule.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Ebert defeats the rebellion To ensure his government's jurisdiction, Ebert allied himself with the army, led at that point by General Wilhelm Groener.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The agreement guaranteed the military that the government would not attempt to reorganise it if it remained loyal to the government.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On the other hand, the treaty ensured cooperation between the government and the military, which convinced the upper and middle classes of its intentions to maintain order in the country and that the army remained a stabilizing force.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

For the left wing, this meant betraying the workers' cause.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The alliance with the military was one of the factors that permanently divided the left into Social Democrats and Communists.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Once and for all, the left torn up when Ebert called in the army to put down one of the Berlin military rebellions on 23 November 1918.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The rebels had captured the city's Commandant's HQ and the Reich Office, where the government kept its lodge.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The rebellion was brutally defeated and no casualties and wounded were avoided.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

As a result, the left wing broke away from the majority Socialists, who had, according to it, allied with the Counter-Revolutionary Army in an effort to defeat the revolution.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The distinction deepened when the Communist Party of Germany was formed out of Spartacists and the radical left groups that joined them.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In January 1919, several violent attempts were made to bring about a socialist revolution.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

These rebellions were defeated by the Freikorps, or Freikorps, made up of volunteer soldiers and right-wingers.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The situation culminated when Spartacist leaders Liebknecht and Luxembourg were beaten to death on 15 January.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

With Ebert's approval, the killers were sentenced in a military trial instead of a civilian court to lenient punishments.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This increased Ebert's unpopularity in the eyes of left-wing groups.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Weimar National Assembly Elections to the National Assembly were held on 19 January.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Minority Socialists and other left-wing groups failed to gain almost no delegates to the National Assembly because they had been beaten apart when the rebellions were defeated.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

To avoid being at the centre of the riots, the National Assembly moved to the city of Weimar to work on a new constitution.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

It formed a presidential-led republic from Germany, with Reichstag representatives elected by proportional representation.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

During the rallies in Weimar, violence and rebellion continued in the country.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Munich momentarily declared itself a Soviet republic, but the revolt was defeated by Freikorps' forces.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In addition, there was fighting in the eastern provinces because they were loyal to the emperor and did not want to belong to the republic.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Ebert, the first Reich President of the Republic, signed the new constitution on 11 August 1919.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

At the same time, in France, the Treaty of Versailles, concluded in peace negotiations with the Circum-Powers, greatly shrunk the strength of the army, brought Germany large war reparations and demilitarised the Rhineland.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In the treaty, Germany was also forced to plead unilateral guilt to World War I.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Later, Adolf Hitler blamed the republic and democracy for this “peace of shame”.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Germany lost territories to its neighbours in the treaty.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The Greater Poland Rebellion that broke out in Poznan benefited from internal German dispersal and ended with the victory of Polish rebels, resulting in the peace annexation of Posen Province into newly independent Poland.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Early years of the Young Republic 1919—1923 From its founding, the Weimar Republic was under pressure from extremism on the left and right.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The left accused the Social Democrats of betraying the cause by allying with the old power rather than the socialist revolution, while the right opposed the democratic system and would sooner have reverted to the old authoritarian model.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

To destroy the credibility of the Republic, the right wing blamed (especially within the army circle) the regime for Germany's defeat in World War I.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

A legend emerged of the backstabbing that the defeat had been caused by the machinations of Communists and Jews on the home front.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On March 13, 1920, a group of Freikorps troops conquered Berlin and installed right-wing newspaperman Wolfgang Kapp as Reich Chancellor of the new government.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

As the Freikorps' troops were Ebert's only means of retaining power, he had no choice but to withdraw his parliament to Dresden, from where it called a general strike.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This brought the economy to a complete standstill and Kapp's administration collapsed as early as March 17.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The communists impressed by the power of the general strike staged an uprising in the Ruhr region in 1920 when 50,000 laborers formed the Red Army and took control of the province.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The uprising was defeated by the army and the Freikorps without instructions from the government.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Communist revolutions were also suppressed in March 1921 in Saxony and Hamburg.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In 1923, the Republic was no longer able to pay war reparations as had been agreed in the Treaty of Versailles and the new government fell behind in payments.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In retaliation, French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr region, one of the largest concentrations of industry in Germany, taking over mines and production facilities in the area in January 1922.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In January 1923, the Germans declared a general strike as a retaliatory measure, urging the population and workers for passive resistance.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The strikes lasted eight months, which the German economy suffered, and the country had to rely on imports.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

As the striking laborers also had to be paid wages by the state, more money was printed, causing hyperinflation.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Before hyperinflation, one US dollar had gained 4.2 Deutschmark.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In August 1923, the dollar received one million marks and on November 20, $4200 billion.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In early December, a currency reform was carried out in which 1000000000000 old marks received one new Rentenmark.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

War reparations continued and the Ruhr was returned to Germany.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In 1923, Adolf Hitler also staged an attempted coup d'état in Munich, known as the Beer Met Coup.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In 1920, the German Workers' Party had become the National Socialist Party and Hitler had risen to become its chairman in 1921.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The paramilitary organisation SA was founded in 1921, and served as Hitler's personal army in taking power.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On November 8, 1923, Hitler, along with his party comrades, staged an attempted coup and declared a new government, with the goal of taking control of Munich the next day.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

A hundred police officers defeated a crowd of 3,000 mutineers.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Four police officers and 15 protesters were killed in the clash.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hitler was arrested and sent to serve a mild, ultimately reduced sentence for good behavior for a year to prison in Landsberg.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

After a year spent in captivity, Hitler used his political programme declaration to write the book My Struggle.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In his book, Hitler set out ideas that were later realised in World War II.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The failure of the coup convinced Hitler that taking power was next worth pursuing a legitimate path.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Weimar's golden age, 1923—1929, Gustav Stresemann, leader of the centre-right People's Party, served as Reich Chancellor for a short time in 1923 and Foreign Minister from 1923 to 1929.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This era was a time of relative stability in the Weimar Republic, with riots and revolts diminishing and the economy recovering.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Stresemann's first measure was a currency reform, in which the old mark was made Rentenmark.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The push for reform was to break the hyperinflation that riven Germany socially and economically.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The reform was successful because Stresemann refused to print more currency.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

To rebalance the economy, he also reduced government spending and bureaucracy, while tightening taxes.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The era also saw the implementation of the Dawes Plan, which tied war reparations to Germany's ability to pay.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The country was also included in the League of Nations, agreed to ambiguities regarding the western border, signed a neutrality treaty with the Soviet Union and violated a few disarmament provisions of the Versailles Peace Treaty.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Finance was sought from external debt, although at the same time trade fell and unemployment rose.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Stresemann's reforms did not eliminate the weaknesses of the republic, although created an image of stable democracy and economy.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

With Stresemann's death in 1929, the Weimar golden age came to an end and the intensification of political extremists severely destabilized the republic, especially as the Depression of the 1930s collapsed its economy.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The collapse and rise of the National Socialists 1930—1933 Loss of credibility for the last years of the Weimar Republic was marked by greater political instability than before.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

On 29 March 1930, after months of lobbying by General Kurt von Schleicher, Paul von Hindenburg appointed Reich Chancellor Müller to succeed economic expert Heinrich Brüning.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The new government did not have a majority in the Riksdag, so under the constitution the Reich President had been given extra emergency powers for this reason.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

So the government was assumed to be shifting the political line in a more conservative direction.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

A bill was introduced to rebalance the state's finances on 18 July 1930, which was narrowly rejected.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The Social Democrats, Communists and then the National Socialists, who were still in marginal representation, voted against the proposal.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Because of the rejection, Hindenburg introduced emergency rights in the constitution and made a presidential proposal to the Riksdag to dissolve the Riksdag.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

New Reichstag elections were held on 14 September 1930.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

There was a significant political shift in power relations: the National Socialists won 18.3% of the vote, five times more than in the previous election of 1928.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This had disastrous consequences for the Republic, as moderate parties were now no longer held by the majority in the Riksdag.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This emboldened the National Socialists to take more power through foreign parliamentary means — principally by the paramilitary SA.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic was menacingly heading towards civil war.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Between 1930 and 1932, Brüning attempted to govern and stabilize the state without a parliamentary majority, using President Hindenburg's emergency privileges as his aid.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

At the same time, the Great Depression reached its high point.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Following liberal economic theory, Brüning cut government spending, including the social sector.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

He assumed that the economic slump would get even worse before the economy turned upward again.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Among other things, the state stopped subsidizing mandatory unemployment insurance, which meant more spending for those working and fewer benefits for the unemployed.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This led to growing dissatisfaction with the government.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The economic decline continued into the second half of 1932 before signs of recovery were visible.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

By this point, however, the Weimar Republic had lost all confidence in the eyes of the majority of the German people.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Historians disagree on how Brüning's economic policies should be judged, but it is clear nonetheless that the solutions made crumbled the republic by capturing its popular popularity.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Brüning resigned his post on 30 May 1932 after losing Hindenburg's support.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Five weeks earlier, Hindenburg had been re-elected Reich President with Brüning's active support in the electoral struggle against Hitler in a direct referendum.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hindenburg appointed Franz von Papen as Reich Chancellor, who had Hitler's support but not unconditionally.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In return, Hitler wanted the Reichstag to be dissolved again and elections held, the SA Declaration of Abolition should be withdrawn and the Prussian Social Democratic government should be sacked with emergency rights.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The July 1932 election The general election on 31 July 1932 gave the National Socialists a 37.2% vote catch, making the National Socialist Party by far the largest party in the Reichstag.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hitler now claimed the seat of Reich Chancellor.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

However, President Hindenburg offered him only a seat of government.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Many Nazis insisted on engaging in a coup, but Hitler wanted to gain the legal path of power.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Parties opposed to Hitler plotted a new election which it was hoped would undermine the latter's position.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[1] New elections were held on 6 November 1932.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

They gave the National Socialists 33.1% of the vote.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Franz von Papen resigned his post as Reich Chancellor and was succeeded by General von Schleicher.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

He envisaged a Reichstag majority by merging the trade union wings of several parties and the left wing of the National Socialists, or Strassers.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

They couldn't get the government together.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[1] Hitler and von Papen met secretly on 4 January 1933 and agreed to form a new government together, which would feature only two other National Socialists besides Hitler, Wilhelm Frick and Hermann Göring.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hitler would become Reich Chancellor and von Papen Vice-Reich Chancellor.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This plan was presented to Hindenburg.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Although he was staunchly opposed to the National Socialists and had won the presidential election, he reluctantly accepted von Papen's theory of the NSDAP's vanishing popular popularity and that, as Reich Chancellor, Hitler would be controllable.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[1] Hindenburg appointed Hitler as the new Reich Chancellor on 30 January 1933.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

This date is generally considered to be the beginning of National Socialist Germany and in Nazi propaganda it was called the Machtergreifung, the take on power.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[2] Hitler as Reich Chancellor Only a week after Adolf Hitler came to power, the new government had begun to restrict the activities of the opposition.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Left wing party meetings were banned, and members of several parties were threatened.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The German Reichstag House burned to rubble on 27 February 1933.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hitler blamed the act on the communists and arrested the party leadership.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

He also declared the country to a state of emergency and persuaded President Hindenburg to sign an order (Reichstagsbrandverordnung) that revoked most of the human rights provided for in the 1919 Constitution.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

In March 1933, the Power Act was enacted, granting the government for four years the right to legislate without the consent of the Reichstag.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934, after which Hitler combined the posts of Reich Chancellor and President, and installed himself as Führer and Reich Chancellor.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

At the same time, the post was changed for life.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Subsequently, there was virtually nothing left of the constitution of the Weimar Republic.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Formally, however, it was not repealed in its entirety; the Nazis made only a few changes to it, some most noticeable on 15 September 1935.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[3] Cultural heritage of the Weimar Republic during the Weimar Republic, culture and science lived through a period of intense flourishing.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Germany experienced a major boom in film, aided by directors Friedrich Murnau and Fritz Lang.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Bertolt Brecht and Thomas Mann represented high-class literature, and Walter Gropius created modern architecture with his Bauhaus school.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

Expressionism and neofacialism prevailed as trends in the visual arts.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[4] Existing parts of the Constitution A few paragraphs of the Constitution of the Weimar Republic are currently in force in Germany.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

The 140th article of the Basic Law of the Federal Republic of Germany, enacted in 1949, stipulates that 136.—139 of the Constitution of 1919.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

and the 141st Articles are valid as part of the new constitution.


Question: Where Germany did I get the designation Weimar Republic?

Weimar Republic

[5] See also Weimar Republic Glossary Sources on the topic elsewhere CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) * Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Don Adolfo Suárez González, Duke of Suarez, Grande of Spain (25 September 1932 — 23 March 2014 [1]) was a Spanish lawyer and politician.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

He served from 1976 to 1981 as Prime Minister of Spain.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In June 1977, the Democratic Centre Union under his leadership won the country's first parliamentary elections, becoming the first democratically elected Prime Minister since the death of caudillo Francisco Franco.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Private life Suárez was born in Cebreros, Ávila.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

His parents were Hipólito Suárez Guerra and Herminia González Prados (Ávila, 1910 — 18 July 2006).


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Suárez's sister is Doña María del Carmen Suárez González, who is married to Aurelio Delgado Martín.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

[2] Suárez's wife Amparo Illana died of cancer in 2001, as did his elder daughter Maria in 2004.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

On 31 May 2005, Suárez's son announced his father had Alzheimer's disease.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Background The Marquis of Estella, General Miguel Primo de Rivera committed a military coup and led the country until his death as dictator in 1923—1930.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Thereafter, King Alfonso XIII tried for a year to run the country, but had lost confidence among the military and political groups alike and fled the country in April 1931.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

This was followed by the Second Spanish Republic, which was in a worsening economic and political crisis throughout its existence.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Beginning in 1934, the country was mired in ever worse chaos and the radicalisation of political parties.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In July 1936, the military attempted a coup, but the government managed to hold part of the country, and the coup turned into a rebellion in the supporting areas of the right.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The Spanish Civil War broke out.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The “nationalists” or “nationalists” led by General Francisco Franco were formed from a broad spectrum of the entire right: Christian Democrats, Conservatives, Pan-Right, Monarchists (Alfonsists), Carlists, Traditionalists and Phalangists.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The government-led “republicans” were made up of centre-left, liberals, social democrats, socialists, communists and anarchists.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

As the war wore on, radical ingredients from both sides rose to the lead.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In April 1939, the civil war ended with the victory of the Nationals led by Franco.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Franco did not restore the monarchy, instead announcing the establishment of an authoritarian dictatorship.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The only legal party in the country became the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las JONS, into which all national political parties were merged.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

FET y de las JONS formed the political wing of the National Movement (Movimiento Nacional).


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The national movement was again the core of the entire Francoan political system, which included both trade union, civil servants as the only permitted party FET y de las JONS.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The leader of the movement (Jefe de Movimiento) was Francisco Franco, and under him the movement was led by the Secretary General of Ministro (Ministro Secretario General del Movimiento), who was also a member of the Spanish government.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

One could not take a part in Spanish public life without the Movement, and as it covered a number of different political “families” (Familias del Regimen) from the centre-right to the National Syndicalists, its main political line was only loyalty to the prevailing regime (El Regimen).


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Because the republican constitution had been repealed after the end of the war, the country did not have a constitution until 1978.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The “Basic Laws of the Kingdom” (Leyes Fundamentales del Reino), which formed not the Constitution, but the body of Spanish legislation from 1938 to 1978 served as the legitimizing basis of the administration.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Life Suárez studied law at the University of Salamanca and graduated with a doctorate in law from the Central University of Madrid.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In 1955, Fernando Herrero Tejedor, an experienced National Movement (Movimiento Nacional) who had belonged to Opus Dei, became governor of Ávila.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Herrero appointed Suárez as his secretary, and in 1957 Herrero was admitted to the movement's general secretariat.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

This also meant Suárez's career progressed, and in 1958 he too began his career in the General Secretariat.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In 1961 he became Chief of the Technical Board of the Assistant Secretary-General (Jefe del Gabinete Técnico del Vicesecretario General) and in 1967 procurator of the Cortes representing Ávila.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

(As party politics had been eliminated from society, in keeping with old-time monarchies, MPs represented their neighbourhoods.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

You could reach procurator fiscal by descent, election, or appointment as head of state.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

[3]) In 1968, Suárez was appointed Governor of Segovia, and the following year he became General Director of Radio Television Española, holding the position until 1973.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

From 1964-1968 he had held various positions at RTVE.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

On March 4, 1975, Herrero was elected Minister-General Secretary of the Movement, and in April Herrero appointed Suárez Deputy Secretary General of the National Movement, and he held the position until Herrero's death in a car accident on June 12, 1975.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

When Arias Navarro formed the government after Franco's death on December 11, 1975, Suárez became involved in this in the position of Minister-General Secretary.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Caudillo had asked Suárez only a month before his death about the latter's perceptions of Spain's political future, and Suárez had replied bluntly that he did not believe the Movement would survive after Franco and that democratization was inevitable.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

[4] On June 9, 1976, the “Law on Political Associations” (Ley de Asociaciones Políticas) was discussed in the Cortes, which allowed the establishment of political associations (not parties), as long as they accepted the Principles of the Movement (los principios del Movimiento) and recognized the Basic Laws.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In a speech to the Cortes, Suárez, who advocated the passing of the law, quoted Antonio Machado, a poet in voluntary exile: on 3 July 1976, King Juan Carlos I of Spain appointed Adolfo Suárez as his second regency and 138 of Spain. as Prime Minister, Suárez was a person unknown to the majority of the people.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The anti-Franco left, particularly the Communist Party, opposed Suárez's election because he was raised by the Movement.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

However, Suárez, as a nationalist monarchist, became convinced that democratic reforms would be best done under the leadership of the king, without annoying the left-wing opposition and conservatives (especially the military).


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The transition to democracy had to be done legally and in compliance with legislation.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In this position, he had the backing of Parliament Speaker and former Prime Minister Torcuato Fernández-Miranda, who had served as an officer in the National Forces in the Civil War, Juan Carlos's teacher of politics, professor of law and long-line influencer in the Movement.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Contact with the army was maintained by the 1st Deputy Prime Minister in charge of defence, Captain-General Manuel Gutiérrez Mellado, who had himself fought in the National Forces.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The main backer, however, was King Juan Carlos, to whom the Basic Laws gave absolute monarch power.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

Suárez originally introduced the law on political reform (“Ley para la Reforma Política”), which started the Transitional Period (La Transición), drafted by Fernández-Miranda, which was also supported by the king.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

The intention was a phased transition to a constitutional monarchy.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

It was passed in the Cortes on 18 November 1976, and still in a referendum on 15 December 1976, when it was supported by 94.17% of the electorate with a turnout of 77.8%.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

This was the eighth and last of the Basic Laws, and allowed for the establishment of political parties, as well as obliging the election of the composition of the Cortes by universal and equal suffrage.


Question: What year was Adolfo González born?

Adolfo Suárez

In passing the law, the old Cortes practically abolished itself.