Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

9, Part 1: The Ch'ing Dynasty to 1800| number= The Shun-chih Reign| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 2002| id = ISBN 0-521-24334-3| format = [online version] | pages = 73-119}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chao-ying Fang| title = Chao-ying Fang| title = | publisher = United States Government Printing Office| year = 1943| pages = 255-259}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lynn Struve| title = Cambridge History of China, Volume 7, The Ming Dynasty, 1368—1644| number = The Southern Ming| location = Cambridge| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = | id = ISBN 0-521-24332-7| pages = 641-725}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Frederic Wakeman| title = The Great Enterprise: The Manchu Reconstruction of Imperial Order in Seventeenth-century China| publisher = University of California Press| year = 1985 | id = ISBN 0-520-04804-0| page = 34}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Beatrice S. Bartlett| title = Monarchs and Ministers: The Grand Council in Mid-Ch'ing China, 1723—1820| location = Berkeley and Los Angeles| publisher = University of California Press| year = 1991| id = ISBN 0-520-08645-7}}.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Elisabeth Benard| title = New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde| number = The Qianlong emperor and Tibetan Buddhism| location = London and New York| publisher = RoutledgeCurzon| year = 2004| id = ISBN 0-415-32006 -2| pages=123—35}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Anne Chayet| title = New Qing Imperial History: The making of Inner Asian empire at Qing Chengde| number = Architectural wonderland: an empire of fictions| location = London and New York| publisher = RoutledgeCurzon| year = 2004| id = ISBN 0-415-32006-2| pages=33—52}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chang Chia-feng| title = Disease and its Impact on Politics, Diplomacy, and the Military: The Case of Smallpox and the Manchus (1613—1795) | year = 2002| pages = 177—97}} Citation, error replace with {{cite book| author = Michael G. Chang| title = A Court on Horseback: Imperial Touring and the Construction of Qing Rule, 1680—1785| location = Cambridge (Mass.)


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

en London| publisher = Harvard University Asia Center| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-0-674-02454-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Pamela Pamela Kyle Crossley| title=A Translucent Mirror: History and Identity in Qing Imperial Ideology| location = Berkeley and Los Angeles| publisher = University of California Press| year = 1999| id = ISBN 0-520-21566-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = dai Yingcong| title= The Sichuan Frontier and Tibet: Imperial Strategy in the Early Qing| location = Seattle and London| publisher = University of Washington Press | year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-0-295-98952-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mark C. Elliott| title = The Manchu Way: The Eight Banners and Ethnic Identity in Late Imperial China| publisher = Stanford University Press| year = 2001| id = ISBN 0-8047-4684-2| publisher = Stanford University Press| year = 2001| id = ISBN 0-8047-4684-2| online version]}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Benjamin A. Elman| title = A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China| publisher = University of California Press| year = 2001| id = ISBN 0-520-21509-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Benjamin A. Elman| title = Cambridge History of China, Vol.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

9, Part 1: The Ch'ing Dynasty to 1800| number = The Social Roles of Literati in Early to Mid-Ch'ing| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 2002| id = ISBN 0-521-24334-3| pages = 360—427}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Fang Chao-ying| title = Eminent of Chinese the Ch'ing Period (1644—1912) | number=Sharhûda| publisher = United States Government Printing Office| year = 1943b| page = 632}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Antonia Finnane| title = Cities of Jiangnan in Late Imperial China| number = Yangzhou: A Central Place in the Qing Empire | publisher = SUNY Press| year = 1993| id = ISBN 0-7914-1423-X| pages = 117—50}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Baoli Gong| title= Shunzhi shidian ["Events of the Shunzhi reign"] | location = Beijing| publisher = Zijincheng chubanshe ["Forbidden City Press"] | year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-7-5134-0018-3| language = Chinese| page = 84}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Charles Hucker| title = A Dictionary of Official Titles in Imperial China| location = Stanford| publisher = Stanford University Press| year = 1985| id = ISBN 0-8047-1193-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lawrence D. Kessler| title= K'ang-hsi and the Consolidation of Ch'ing Rule, 1661—1684| publisher = University of Chicago Press| year = 1976| id = ISBN 0-226-43203-3}}.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kim Kwangmin| title = Saintly brokers: Uyghur Muslims, trade, and the making of Central Asia, 1696—1814| publisher = Ph.D.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

diss., History Department, University of California, Berkeley| year = 2008| id = ISBN 9781109101263}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Philip A. Kuhn| title = Soulstealers: The Chinese Sorcery Scare of 1768| location = Cambridge, Mass.| publisher = Harvard University Press| year = 1990| id = ISBN 0-674-82152-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Donald F. Lach, Edwin J. van Kley| title = Case in the Making of Europe, Volume III, A Century of Advance, Book Four, East Asia| location = Chicago| publisher = University of Chicago Press| year = 1994| id = ISBN 978-0-226-46734-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Li Wai-yee| title= The Cambridge History of Chinese Literature, Volume II: From 1375| number=Early Qing to 1723| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year= 2010| id = ISBN 978-0-521-11677-0| pages = 15978-0-521-11677-0| pages = 150| id = ISBN 978-0-521-11677-0| pages = 1567-0| 2—244}} (2-volume set).


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Li Zhiting) | title= Qingchao tongshi: Shunzhi fenjuan| location = Beijing| publisher = Zijincheng chubanshe ["Fordidden City Press"] | year = 2003| id = ISBN 7-80047-380-385/K.177| language = chinese}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Frederick W. Mote| title= Imperial China, 900—1800| publisher = Harvard University Press| year = 1999| id = ISBN 0-674-44515-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title= Beijing: Temples and City Life, 1400—1900| location = Berkeley and Los Angeles| publisher = University of California Press| year = 2000| id = ISBN 0-520-21991-0}}.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Robert B. Oxnam| title= Ruling from Horseback: Manchu Politics in the Oboi Regency, 1661—1669| publisher = University of Chicago Press| year = 1975| id = ISBN 0-226-64244-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Zhao Erunx| author = Zhao Erunxx | title = Qingshi gao ["History of the Qing Dynasty"] | location = Beijing| year = 1927| language = Chinese}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = evelyn S. rlast=Rawski| title= The Last Emperors: A Social History of Qing Imperial Institutions| publisher = University of California Press| year = 1998| id = ISBN 0-520-22837-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Morris Rossabi| title = From Ming to Ch'ing: Conquest, Region, and Continuity in Seventeenth-Century China| number = Muslim and Central Asian Revolts| publisher = Yale University Press| year = 1979| id = ISBN 0-300- 02672-2| pages = 167—99}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jonathan D. Spence| title= To Change China: Western Advisors in China, 1620-1960| location = Boston| publisher = Little, Brown & Company| year = 1969| id = ISBN 0-14-00.5528-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book | author = Jonathan D. Spence| title= The Search for Modern China| location = New York| publisher = W. W. Norton & Company| year = 1999| id = ISBN 0-393-97351-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jonathan D. Spence| title = Cambridge History of China, Vol.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

9, Part 1: The Ch'ing Dynasty to 1800| number=The K'ang-hsi Reign| publisher = Cambridge University Press| year = 2002| id = ISBN 0-521-24334-3| pages = 120—82}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Frederic Wakeman| title = Conflict and Control in Imperial China| author = Frederic Wakeman| title = Conflict and Control in Imperial China| Localism and Loyalism During the Ch'ing Conquest of Kiangnan: The Tragedy of Chiang-yin| location = Berkeley| publisher = Center of Chinese Studies, University of California, Berkeley| year = 1975| id = ISBN 0-520-02597-0| pages = 43—85}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = John E. Wills| title = Embassies and Illusions: Dutch and Portuguese Envoys to K'ang-hsi, 1666-1687| publisher = Harvard University Press| year = 1984| id = ISBN 0-674-24776-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Silas H. L. Wu| title = Passage to Power: 'ang-hsi and His Heir Apparent, 1661—1722| location = Cambridge, Mass.| publisher = Harvard University Press| year = 1979| id = ISBN 0-674-65625-3}}.


Question: Who decided at the time of the Qing dynasty who would become the next emperor?

Shunzhi

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Peter Zarrow| title = New Qing Imperial History: The Making of Inner Asian Empire at Qing Chengde| number = Qianlong's inscription on the founding of the Temple of the Happiness and Longevity of Mt Sumeru (Xumifushou miao) | location = London and New York| publisher = RoutledgeCurzon| year = 2004b| id = ISBN 0-415-32006-2| pages = 185-87}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Zhou Ruchang| title = Between Noble and Humble: Cao Xueqin and the Dream of the Red Chamber, edited by Ronald R. Gray and Mark S. Ferrara, translated by Liangmei Bao and Kyongsook Park| location = New York| publisher = Peter Lang| year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-1-4331-0407-7}} References Category:Emperors of China Class:Born in 1638 Class:Dead in 1661


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

The history of agriculture describes the development of agriculture from the genesis of farming to modern times.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Farming originated in several locations across the globe without any interference.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

One of these was the ancient Near East.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Along with this, farming also developed in China, Central America, South America, the eastern parts of North America and New Guinea at the same time.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[1] The agrarian society spread around the world.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

After the Industrial Revolution, a development towards an industrial society began.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Agriculture has been forced to intensify and expand enormously as a result of population growth.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

From intensification, the latest technologies are called the Green Revolution.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Early stages of agriculture in the highlands of the Middle East, barley and wheat grasses proved to be easily protected plants and as certain species became popular, they gradually became more common and then adapted biologically as man wanted.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[2] Similar developments occurred with useful animal species: sheep and goat were first domesticated, then pig and cattle.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[3] These processes took place in the Middle East and Turkey around the period 9000—7000 BCE.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[4] The development process caused by agriculture is best known from the Middle East and for a long time thought industrial economy was born there.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Today, it is thought that similar processes leading to food production have also been running independently in Southeast Asia and the Americas.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[5] It has been suggested that cattle would have been domesticated in North Africa without an example from the Middle East and this invention is timed on the basis of pottery finds around the same time as in the Middle East.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[5] The Far East took place no later than 5000 BCE.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

domestication of local plant species, such as rice and millet, and for animal species domesticated pig, cattle and water buffalo.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[5] The first to move to agriculture in the Americas were the Central American Indian tribes cultivating maize and bean around the year 5000 BCE, but e.g.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

keeping domestic animals only started a thousand years later.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[5] To Europe, farming and animal husbandry began to spread from the Near East by two routes: along the Mediterranean coast between 4500 and 5000 BCE.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

and through the Balkans along the banks of the Danube towards Ukraine and the Rhine Valley, reaching Western Europe no later than 4000 BCE.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[5] Early crops The earliest cereal crops grown in the Middle East have been emmer wheat, single-grain wheat and barley.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

The fig is the oldest crop of all.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Evidence has been found from archaeological excavations in Jordan that they were cultivated for human consumption 11400 years ago, a thousand years earlier than, for example, millet, wheat or pea plants.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[6] Often plants found in excavations are difficult to associate with farming developments, but in the case of figs it is easier: certain commonly edible figs are unable to reproduce without human assistance and thus it can be archaeologically almost certain that they exist bred on purpose.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[6] New Guinea was likely the first banana farming site.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[1] There, the cultivation of not only bananas but also taro beets began around 10220 — 9910 years ago.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[1] The intensification and mechanization of agriculture in the new age The agricultural subversion caused an unprecedented increase in agricultural production in England between 1690 and 1800, as both farming and other agricultural labour increased productivity.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] The rapid change was driven by developments that began in the 17th century and had its roots in Flanders.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

The Netherlands were a model country for agriculture in the 17th century, but in England, spared war, economic activity was already visible at the end of the 17th century as an intensification of agriculture, which can be said to be an agricultural revolution, although development was held back between 1650 and 1750 by what remained low between 1650 and 1750. grain price.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] In the 18th century, the prestige of agriculture rose.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Physiocrats emphasized the status of agriculture as real production.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] This propaganda led the civilisation to take an interest in agriculture and their activities became their amusement.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] According to Jethro Tulli (1674—1741), mold was a source of food for plants and the purpose of the row planting machine he developed was to conserve mulch.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

The planter became important for development, although not exactly according to Customs criteria.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] The cast-iron swivel plough, developed by James Small in 1770, was an important step in improving yields.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] Previously, in two-mountain farming, another field had been fallow, but now beans, peas and alfalfa began to be grown in the fallow sector and crops needed by industry such as flax, hemp and hops.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

At the same time, the amount of feed for livestock increased, and livestock again produced more manure for fertilizer.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

A working threshing machine was built by Andrew Meikle in 1786 and a mower by Patrick Bell in 1826.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[7] With increasing population growth and growing feed, grain prices rose in the late 18th century beyond the ability of laborers to pay.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

In this case, the cultivation of potatoes previously only fit for fodder increased rapidly.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

In England, the mechanization of agriculture was part of the Industrial Revolution and the rest of Europe came behind.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

The German Justus von Liebig explained in his 1840s book the physiology of plants, and this quickly led to the construction of an artificial fertilizer plant in 1847 England.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[8] The new machinery for agriculture was used by large farms, and small farms continued mainly using the old methods.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[8] Mechanization also required an increase in space size.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[8] The intensive mechanization of agriculture began in the 19th century in the United States, where there was a shortage of labour.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[9] An 1819 cast iron plow was presented there, parts of which were standardized and spare parts were thus available.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[9] They were produced in the 1850s at John Deere's factories in 15000 pieces per year.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[8] World trade in grain expanded at the end of the 19th century thanks to trains and steamships.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] Before fertilisers, the United States was able to produce cereals so cheaply that a self-sufficient Europe had to put more emphasis on meat production.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] Making linen was a handiwork until Cyrus McCormick in 1870 made a machine that cut the grain and tied it with iron wires into logs.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] In the 1890s, horse-drawn combine harvesters appeared in California, which could be pulled by 24—36 horses.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] In the 1860s, American agricultural machinery was overpowered in the European market.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] Due to the development of means of transport and the mechanisation of agriculture, the number of horses in England and France began to decline in the early 20th century.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] The first tractor powered by an internal combustion engine was seen in a field in 1904, and a showcase in Winnipeg in 1908 convinced many of the future of the tractor.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] The tractor was common in the United States as early as World War I, but in Europe wider use began in the 1930s.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] The internal combustion engine self-slice combine harvester was introduced by the Holt Caterpillar company in 1911.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[11] Mechanization also extended to the manufacture of butter.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Wilhelm Lefeldt made the first separator in Germany in 1876, and the Swede Gustaf de Laval made a well-functioning version of it in 1879.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[10] Plant and livestock breeding received a theoretical background from the work of Charles Darwin and Gregor Mendel.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Artificial insemination had been developed in Venaja in the 1910s, and spread to Europe in the 1930s.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] Semen freezing was developed in 1949.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] Processing was used to increase agricultural production.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] Before artificial fertilizer, fields had been fertilized with barn yield, Peruvian guano or Chilean saltpeter.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] However, these began to deplete in the late 19th century.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

At the beginning of the 20th century, there was success in isolating nitrogen from the atmosphere, which has increased the production of food very much indeed.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] Its use as fertiliser has grown rapidly, 2.5 million tonnes in 1938 and 30 million tonnes in 1970.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] The Green Revolution, which began in the 1960s, took the results of agricultural development since the 18th century into practice in developing countries.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] Without the increase in food production, the size of mankind could not have increased to the current level.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Thomas Malthus's predictions about the conflict between food production and population growth remained unrealized.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

[12] See also Fertile Crescent Domestication Agricultural Collectivization History of Technology Sources Ari Siiräinen: Prehistory.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

In The Petty Giant of World History, WSOY 2002.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kero, Reino and Kujanen, Hannu (ed.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

) | title = From Kivaxe to Information Technology, Social History of Technology from Stone Age to Today | publisher = Turku: Department of History at the University of Turku | year = 1989| id = ISBN 951-880-296-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Chaline, Eric| title = 50 machines that changed world (50 Machines that Changed the Course of History) | publisher = Quid Publishing, (English version Moreni 2013) | year = 2012| version = Finland. Veli-Pekka Ketola| id=ISBN 978-952-254-160-4| accessdate=22.2.2015}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rousi, Arne| title = Sunflower to vine.


Question: Why did the world mechanized?

History of agriculture

Dietary plants| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-0-21295-4}} On topic elsewhere Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


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History of agriculture

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History of agriculture

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History of agriculture


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History of agriculture

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History of agriculture


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History of agriculture

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History of agriculture


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History of agriculture

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Question: Why did the world mechanized?

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* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Matti Ensio Nykänen (ex.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Paanala (1996—1998), born 17 July 1963 in Jyväskylä) is a Finnish four-time Olympic champion in ski jumping.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen won five Olympic medals in his career (including four gold medals, three personal, one team), 14 world championship medals (six gold medals) and 22 Finnish championship medals (including 13 gold medals).


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He won the World Cup in ski jumping four times, and in sectional victories he has 46, which was a record until February 2013.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In addition, Nykänen has achieved three medals at the Veterans' World Championships, two of them gold.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Jyväskylä has a jumping hill named after Matti Nykänen, Matti Nykänen hill.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen has remained in the public eye even after his sports career and has made a career as a singer.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Sports career Nykänen rose to the top level of ski jumping in 1981, when he won the World Youth Championship as well as his first adult Finnish Championship.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In 1983 he won the Central European hill week and plane hill at the World Championships he achieved bronze.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen also won the season's World Cup.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In 1984, she won Olympic grand hill gold at the Sarajevo Olympics and Olympic silver in normal hill.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the World Team Championships held in the same year, the Finnish team, where Nykänen jumped, won World Championship gold.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[1] Nykänen improved the world record for ski jumping four times in 1984 and 1985.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The first record was 182 metres and the last was 191 metres.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the 1985 World Championships in Seefeld, he won World Championship bronze in the big hill and was involved in winning team World Championship gold.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He also won the Flight Hill World Championship and World Cup during the same season.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the end of the year he was chosen as Finland's Sportsperson


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen won the World Cup bronze in Flight Hill in 1986 and the overall World Cup competition.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The following season he won a normal hill World Cup silver at the Obestdorf World Championships and World Championship gold in the team competition.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[1] Nykänen won the Central European Hill Week again in spring 1988.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the Calgary Olympics, she won three Olympic gold medals: the normal and big hill personal competitions, as well as the team competition.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He also won the Flight Hill World Championship bronze in the same year, the World Cup and the Finnish Athlete of the Year vote.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The following year, Nykänen won the World Cup bronze in Suurmäki at the World Championships in Lahti and a team World Cup gold.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[1] Nykänen is 177 cm tall and weighed 60 kg during his active career.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He represented the Jyväskylä Skitosclub.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

His coaches are Matti Pulli and Risto Pirttimäki.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[1] Achievements Nykänen's most notable achievements are four Olympic gold medals and one Olympic silver in ski jumping: Winter Olympics 1984 Sarajevo: gold in grand hill (P90) and silver (P70) Winter Olympics 1988 Calgary: three golds, namely two personal and team base.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In Calgary, Nykänen was the first to win both major and normal hill competitions at the same Olympic Games, as well as winning gold in the first ski jumping team competition in Olympic Games history.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

With his three gold medals, Nykänen was the most successful athlete at the Winter Games in Calgary.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the World Ski Championships, Nykänen won five golds, one silver and three bronze.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

At the Flyhill World Championships, she won one gold, one silver and three bronzes, and broke the then flying hill world record at the Planica Games in 1985 with her jump of 191 metres.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The record was broken in 1987 on the same hill when Polish Piotr Fijas jumped 194 metres.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen won the World Youth Championship in Schonach, Germany in 1981.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen won her first adult world title in 1982 from the competition in Suurmäki.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He won team gold in 1984, 1985, 1987 and 1989.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen won the World Cup in Ski Jumping four times.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Sectionalist victories he has as many as 46.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He won the Central European Hill Week twice (1982—1983 and 1987—1988).


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He has eight Finnish championships.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He was selected Sportsman of the Year in 1985 and 1988.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen is the only one so far to have won the five greatest achievements in ski jumping at least once on a personal level; Olympic gold, world championship, flying hill world championship, World Cup and hill week overall win.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen was selected in a 1989 vote by Finnish sports journalists as the best Finnish athlete of the 1980s.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He received 65% of the vote and won the vote overwhelmingly.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In the vote for the best athlete of the decade, Nykänen finished in a split 12th.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

position.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[2] In the vote for the best Finnish athlete of the 20th century, Nykänen finished second behind Paavon Nurmi ahead of Lasse Virén.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[3] He was also elected Jyväskylä of the 1980s.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[1] After a peak season, Nykänen's top career began to a close when Nykänen finished in the top thirty for the last time after finishing 16th in a World Cup race in Thunder Bay on 9 December 1990.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The causes were vertebrae wear and back pain from long periods of hard training and jumping, which were attempted to alleviate with painkillers and surgeries.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen jumped his last jumps in Kajaani in the summer of 1992, and in December of the same year he travelled to Sapporo.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The intention was to train in Japan, but over the course of three weeks, only six jumps were accumulated.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen was not selected for the Finnish team for the Japan Sectionals.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Return to the hill at the Veterans Games In 2007, Nykänen returned to ski jumping training with the intention of participating in the 2008 Veterans World Championships in Taivalkoski.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

On February 27, 2008, the hill legend returned to the jump tower at the Finnish Veterans Championships in Taivalkoski, finishing fifth in the K-50 hill race.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

On February 28, 2008, he won gold at the World Veterans Championships in the wee hill series aged 40—44.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen made the longest jumps in both rounds.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Competitors who finished ahead of Nykänen in K-50 hill were not involved in the race, as they took part in a large hill in which Nykänen did not participate.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The rules only allow entry into two competitions.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The race featured ten jumpers from seven different countries.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[4] [5] In March 2011, three years after the Taivalkoski Games in Harrachov, Czech Republic, Nykänen won the Veterans' World Championship gold in the over-45s series.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The jumps carried the HS 40 hill at 34 and 36.5 metres.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[6] World Cup qualification victories Nykänen participated 130 times in Mailmancup competitions, where he was on the podium 76 times.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Overall, 46pc of profits came in.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He took the Mailmancup overall victory four times in 1988, 1986, 1985, 1983.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[7] Standings in the overall competition of the World Cup in Publicity Singer Firstborn Record Night of Surprises was completed in 1992.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen's second album Samurai did not reach sales like the first.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[8] In 2002, Nykänen released the return single “Life on laiffii”.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In 2006 followed a third full-length album Maybe I took, maybe I didn't.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Subsequently, Nykänen has scored singles with lyricist and composer Jussi Niemi.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Matti Nykänen's singing career has been successful compared to other singing athletes.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Finland has only two athletes who have won a gold medal at the Olympic Games as well as earning a gold record for their record sales: Tapio Rautavaara (won Olympic gold in javelin throw in 1948) and Matti Nykänen.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Other publicity Nykänen has often been in the public eye due to the instability of his marriages.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Some phrases often cited as Nykänen's words, such as “life is laiffii”, “maybe I took, maybe I didn't”, “fifty-sixty”, “life is the best time of man” and “every tsace is a chance” have been left to live as flying phrases.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In the parliamentary elections of 1995, he stood as the SMP candidate in Turku County South Constituency [9], receiving 525 votes [10].


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen was elected to the Uurainen Municipal Council in 1996 from the list of PerusFinns.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He sat on the council until 1998.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[11] Nykänen has been named Finland's most vain celebrity in 1996, 2003 and 2005.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[12] Matti Nykänen's film, Matti, premiered on Friday 13 January 2006.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The title role in the film directed by Aleksi Mäkelä is played by Jasper Pääkkönen.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[13] Nykänen received one-third of the film's proceeds.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In 2012, the Nykäsen Matti reality television series began, which follows Nykänen's daily life.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[14] In September 2016, a documentary about Nykänen was released in Nykänen's own words.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The documentary was directed by Kim Finn.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[15] His long-time friend and manager Mikko “Mike Sierra” Senilä died on 30 July 2018, aged 77 [16] Private life Matti Nykänen is from Kangaslammi, Jyväskylä.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[17] Nykänen is married for the sixth time, there have been five spouses: married to Tiina Hassinen 1986—1988 (son, Sami b. 1987) and married to Pia Hynninen (now.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Mäntykangas) 1989—1991 (daughter, Eveliina b. 1990) married to Sari Paanala 1996—1998 married to Mervi Tapola (born 1954) 2001—2003 and 2004—2010 [18] married to Pia Peasanpoika 2014— [19], living together in Joutseno, Lappeenranta.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[20] Nykäse additionally has one daughter from the rest of the relationship.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[21] Nykäse was diagnosed with diabetes in autumn 2018.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[22] Criminal convictions Matti Nykänen was caught on 24 August 2004 and arrested for attempted manslaughter as well as eventually jailed on suspicion of stabbing a 59-year-old family acquaintance.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He was sentenced in Tampere District Court on 27 October 2004 to a prison sentence of two years and two months.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

He was released on September 21, 2005, on parole.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen served only half of his sentence of two years and two months as a first-time offender.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Already on Sunday of the same week, September 25, Nykänen was arrested on suspicion of assaulting his wife Mervi Tapola and ended up in police custody.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

On September 29, 2005, Nykänen was filed with a crime report because he was suspected of stabbing a former friend with a pizza knife.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen was convicted of assaulting his wife in Tampere District Court on 16 March 2006 to four months of unconditional imprisonment, as he was on parole at the time of the act.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[23] In December 2006, the Turku Court of Appeal commuted the sentence.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Nykänen received 60 days in prison, minus three days of deprivation of liberty.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In lieu of jail, Nykänen settled the sentence as 57 hours of community service.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

The Court of Appeal did not order Nykänen's parole freedom forfeited.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[23] On Christmas Day 2009, Nykänen stroked his wife with a kitchen knife and tried to strangle her bathrobe with a belt.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

As a result of the incident, Nykänen was arrested and charged with aggravated assault [24] [25].


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

On August 24, 2010, Nykänen was sentenced to one year and four months of unconditional imprisonment.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

In addition, he was sentenced to pay €5000 in compensation for pain and aches as well as emotional distress and €3000 in legal costs.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[26] Both Nykänen and the prosecutors appealed the sentence to the Turku Court of Appeal, which kept the prison sentence intact [27].


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Matti Nykänen was granted supervised probation release on 29 February 2012.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[28] Nykäse has been diagnosed with the neurological disease ADHD, which causes hyperactivity and poor concentration, apparently due to some of his difficulties.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[29] Achievements and awards In 1988, a postage stamp with Nykänen's portrait was issued [30] In 1988, Laajavuori jumping hill was named Matti Nykänen hill.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

2011 all-time ski jumper as selected by Ilta-Sanomat International Expert Board.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

[31] 2013 Finnish Sports Gala event award for a career in ski jumping.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Recordings Albums Night of Surprises (Audiovox 1992) Samurai (Audiovox 1993) Maybe I took, maybe I didn't (Edel 1 March 2006) Singles Life is laiffii (2002) This is my life (2004) Jump and Fly (unreleased) Häkikotka and caged bird (2005) From victory to victory (2007) Anna mulle sexii (2008) Lly Nykänen Matti (2008) Bomminproof love (2009) Again Christmas is (2009) Tuusula in mind (with Teflon Brothers) 2013 Every tsässi is a chance (2013) Books Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Nykänen, Matti & Ainasoja, Päivi & Syrjänen, Manu| title = Mattihan se sopan keitti: Cookbook| location = Vantaa | publisher = Finrila| year = 2007| version=Celebrity Lives -series| id = ISBN 978-952-99900-0-9}}} Books written about Matti Nykänen Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Arve, Antti| title = Matti Nykänen, best in the world| location = Helsinki| publisher = Bookgroup| year = 1988| id = ISBN 951-26-3218-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Heiskanen, Benita (ed.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

) | title = What does Matti mean?


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Essays about Matti Nykänen | location = Turku; Tampere| publisher = Cigarettes | year = 2013| id = ISBN 978-952-268-073-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kyheröinen, Kari & Miettinen, Hannu| title = Backboard full: Matti Nykänen's road to the top of the world | location = Tampere| publisher = Newspapers| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-95532-4-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kujala, Antero| title = Matti Pulli, winning jump| location = Helsing| publisher = Thought | year = 1999| id = ISBN 951-9440-92-5}} Citation, error replace with {{cite book| author = Theiner, Egon| title = Matti Nykänen: At the top and montus| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2004| version = (Grüsse aus der Hölle, 2004.)


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Translated by Pauliina Jäntti| id = ISBN 951-1-19573-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Merilä, Kai| title = Matin and my rough trip! | location = Helsinki| publisher = Aller publication| year = 2005| id = ISBN 952-5029-14-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jokinen, Juha Veli (ed.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

) | title = Life is laiffii and other flying phrases by Matti Nykänen | location = Helsinki Jyväskylä| publisher = Minerva| year = 2006| version = Original texts: Matti Nykänen| id = ISBN 952-5591-84-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jokinen, Juha Veli (ed.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

) | title = Where we are and there is a hill: Matti Nykänen's flying phrases 2| location = Helsinki Jyväskylä | publisher = Minerva| year = 2007| version = Original texts: Matti Nykänen| id = ISBN 978-952-492-016-2}} Theatre roles Show Not - Matti Nykänen Revyy.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

MagnumLive, 2017- [32] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Theiner, Egon| title = Matti Nykänen: Top and montus| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2004| version = (Grüsse aus der Hölle, 2004.)


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Translated by Pauliina Jäntti| id = ISBN 951-1-19573-5}} References on the topic elsewhere.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

... Yle Living Archive.


Question: What did Yukio Kasaya once win?

Matti Nykänen

Category:Finnish ski jumpers Category:Finnish Olympic champions Category:Finnish pop singers Category:Uurainen municipal councillors Category:Persian Finnish politicians Category:Persons born in 1963 Category:Living persons Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Heinrich Hoffmann (13 June 1809, Frankfurt am Main — 20 September 1894, Frankfurt am Main) was a German psychiatrist and writer.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

His main work is the educational picture book Jörö-Jukka (1845) aimed at children.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Heinrich Hoffmann's father was a building inspector for the city of Frankfurt.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

His mother died before he reached the age of one.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

His father married the sister of his wife, who died in 1813, from whom Heinrich gained a new loving stepmother.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[1] Heinrich Hoffmann studied medicine at the University of Heidelberg from 1829 to 1832 and at the University of Halle from 1832 to 1833, and then in Paris.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

In 1835 he returned to Frankfurt and began practice as a general practitioner in Frankfurt-Sachsenhausen.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

He took care of the poor for free as well.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[2] He wrote several poems at the time, which he published as a book in 1842.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[1] Hoffmann married, in 1840, Therese Donner, the daughter of a merchant.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

They had three children.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

In 1841 a son Carl Philipp was born, in 1844 a daughter Antonie Caroline and in 1848 a second son Eduard.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[2] In 1844, he was on the lookout for a Christmas present for his 3-year-old first-born son.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

However, he did not find his liking and decided to write and illustrate a children's book himself.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

She bought an empty booklet, and on Christmas Eve a children's book was ready under the Christmas tree.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

The following year, publisher Zacharias Löwenthal read the book and pressured Hoffmann to publish it.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Hoffmann agreed, but wanted to use the pseudonym Reimerich Kinderlieb in the book.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

The book Der Struwwelpeter (Jörö-Jukka) became a success.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

He wrote five children's books in all.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Other books did not receive as much acclaim.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Only the book König Nußknacker und der arme Reinhold (King the Nut Grinder and the Poor Reino) achieved moderate popularity.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[1] In 1848, Hoffmann attended the pre-parliament at the Paavalin Church in Frankfurt.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[2] His actual life's work he discovered in 1851, when he became director of the Frankfurt Hospital for Mental Illness and Epilepsy (Anstalt für Irre und Epileptische).


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

He wanted to give the mentally ill the right treatment and medicine for their illness.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

In the past, the mentally ill had been seen as lazy, unwilling to act, or that they were possessed by the devil.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

After all, they were often treated as criminals and locked up in prisons.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

The project had a lot of opposition.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Nevertheless, he built a psychiatric hospital on the outskirts of town.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

It was commissioned in 1864.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

The hospital building was neo-gothic, and it was named 'the crazy castle' in the mouths of the people.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Hoffmann lived there and his family until 1888, when he retired.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[1] Heinrich Hoffmann died in 1894 in Frankfurt am Main and is buried in Frankfurt's main cemetery.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

[2] Works 1833 - Das Breviarium der Ehe 1842 - Gedichte 1843 - Die Mondzügler (Comedy) 1845 - Der Struwwelpeter (Jörö-Jukka), first translated 1869 1848 - Handbüchlein für Wühler oder Kurzgefaßte (political satire) 1849 - Heulerspiegel (political satire) political satire) 1851 - König Nußknacker und der arme Reinhold (King The Nut Grinder and the Poor Reino), translated 1923 1851 - Die Physiologie der Sinnes-Hallucinationen 1854 - Bastian der Faulpelz 1857 - Im Himmel und auf der Erde.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Herzliches und Scherzliches aus der Kinderwelt 1858 - Allerseelen-Büchlein, eine humoristische Friedhofsanthologie 1859 - Beobachtungen und Erfahrungen über Seelenstörungen und Epilepsie in der Irrenanstalt zu Frankfurt, 1851-1858 1860 - Der Badeort Salzloch (satire) 1867 - Ein Liederbuch für Naturforscher und Ärzte 1871 - Prinz Grünewald und Perlenfein mit ihrem lieben Eselein (Prince Grünewald and Pearl and the Dear Donkey Pet), translated 2004 1873 - Auf heiteren Pfaden.


Question: When did Heinrich Hoffmann die?

Heinrich Hoffmann (writer)

Gesammelte Gedichte Jörö-Jukka Frankfurt Hospital for Mental Illness and Epilepsy Heinrich Hoffmann's Tomb Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:German children's and adolescent writers Category:German poets Category:German psychiatrists Category:Those born in 1809 Class:Those who died in 1894


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Zachris (Zacharias, Z., Sakari) Topelius () was a Finnish writer, poet, journalist, historian and rector of the University of Helsinki.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Zachris Topelius was officially called Zacharias like his father.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

He used the abbreviation Z. or name form Zachris as his first name himself, also in official contexts.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

A Finnised form of Topelius's given name Sakari has also often been used.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Biographer Zachris Topelius was born on Kuddnäs farm near Uuttakaarlepy in 1818.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

His father was Zacharias Topelius the Elder, a physician and collector of folk poetry, and his mother a wealthy merchant daughter Catharina Sofia Calamnius.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

His grandfather was the church painter Mikael Toppelius.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Topelius was a pupil of the Trivial School in Oulu 1829—1832 and matriculated in Helsinki as a private pupil of J. L. Runeberg in 1833.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

He then began his studies at the University of Helsinki, where he was promoted master's in 1840 and doctorate in 1847.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[2] In 1841, Topelius became editor of the “Helsingfors Tidningar” newspaper and the magazine's circulation soon began to rise.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius was in the process of editing the paper until 1860.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

In 1854 he was appointed extraordinary personal professor of Finnish history at the University of Helsinki, in 1863 he became professor of Finnish, Russian and Nordic history, and in 1876 professor of general history, in which post he held until 1878.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

From 1875—1878, Topelius was also rector of the university.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] In 1870 he was the founder of Maj Föreningen, Finland's first animal protection association, whose main conservation site was small birds.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[3] Zachris Topelius was married from 1846 until the death of his wife to Maria Emilia Lindqvist (1821—1885), whose father was Isak Lindqvist, a neo-arlepyan merchant and town manager.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

They had six children, Toini, Aina and Eva, Rafael, Michael and Rosa, the latter three of whom died already young.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Known of the children were the writer Toini Topelius and the painter Eva Topelius, later Acke.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Librarian, author Paul Nyberg was the son of Aina Sofia Topelius (1846—1916), the eldest daughter of Topelius.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[4] In 1897, Topelius became a jubilant doctor.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[5] He died on 12 March 1898 at Koivuniemi farm in Östersundom.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[6] Production Topelius was one of the earliest Finnish novelists.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

His work Hertiginnan af Finland, published in 1850 (Finnish. Duchess of Finland, 1874) was the first Finnish historical novel.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Better known, however, is Topelius' historical novel series Fältskärns berättelser (Finnish. Välskär's narratives), which appeared initially as a follow-up story in Helsingfors Tidningar.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

The theme of Välskär's narratives was the long-running power struggle between the nobility and the peasants, which promoted the freedom of society.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius wrote poetry from a young age.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

However, most of his juvenile poems were not published in collections, but only in the collection series Samlade skriften, which appeared from 1899 onwards.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius published some of his poems in the Necken Album, but his first collection of poems was Heather Flowers (Ljungblommor, 1845).


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Its second volume appeared in 1850 and a third in 1854.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Topelius is known for his works depicting Finnish landscapes, such as the poem “Kesäpäivä in Kangasalla”, which belongs to the Sylvia Songs series.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

There is also a production of Topelius in “Sparrow Christmas Morning” (Sparven på julmorgonen).


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius contributed to the work of the Hymnal Committee, and for example the hymns En Seek Power for Splendor (Hymn 31) and the Spirit of Truth (hymn 484) are written by him.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

As a journalist, Topelius wrote much also for women and children.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

He is remembered as a “fairy tale uncle” because he wrote educational and popular children's fairy tales.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius presented the children as brisk and initiative.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

His pedagogy represented neo-humanism, which emphasized the building of positive character.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius took issue with fragments of diffuse knowledge, negativity and cynicism.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius authored two elementary education textbooks, the Book of Nature (1860) and the Book of Our Country (1875).


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Thinking Topelius learned Finnish while studying in trivial school and, as a journalist, urged mothers to teach their children Finnish.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius believed that Finnish culture became predominantly Finnish-speaking, but he also stressed the historical and cultural importance of Swedish heritage and Swedish language in Finland.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Topelius's historical novels emphasize patriotism, religion, and a society that requires social classes to cooperate in harmony.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius's conception of history originated from G. W. F. Hegel.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

He held that Providence guided the course of history, while Hegel again viewed reason as guiding it.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius thought history was the history of peoples, in which each nation sought to become aware of their vocation and create a state for themselves.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[7] Honours As is often the case for senior professors, Topelius was awarded the Second Class Cross of the Order of St. Anna in 1877.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

He was granted the rank of Privy Councillor in 1878, which was usual for one-term principals.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

The Swedish Academy awarded Topelius two prizes and he was also awarded a few honorary memberships, including to the Society of Finnish Literature.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

However, neither the Finnish Science Society nor the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences elected him as their member.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland did not take Topelius as an honorary member until late.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius himself felt that he did not receive enough appreciation from his contemporaries.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

It was not until his 80th birthday celebrations and especially at the grand funeral that followed the celebrations that soon followed.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[1] Statues and monuments have been erected in honour of Topelius.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

A grave statue carved by Walter Runeberg towards Valo was erected on Topelius' grave grave at Hietaniemi Cemetery (V21-12-3) in 1905.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Funds for the grave monument had been obtained through a civic collection organised by the Finnish Women's Association.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

A statue sculpted by sculptor Emil Wikström, showing Topelius surrounded by children, was unveiled in Vaasa in 1915.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Funds for the statue of “fairy tale uncle” came mainly as donations from Vaasa schoolchildren.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[8] Topelius also wanted to have a statue in the capital, and Svenska litteratursällskapet started raising funds for the project in 1908.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

This resulted in one of Finland's most famous statue controversies, in which adherents of traditional-looking realism and modern monument art were contrasted.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Sculptor Ville Vallgren sculpted a realistic memorial statue in which Topelius is depicted surrounded by children in the manner of the statue of Vaasa, and offered it to both Litteratursällskapet and the City of Helsinki.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

However, these were unwilling to take on the sculpture.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

In 1929, Litteratursällskapet held a memorial competition which was won by Gunnar Finne's proposal for Fairy Tale and Truth.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Finne's sculpture was more modernist than Vallgren's: it was not a statue of Topelius, but depicted two allegorical nude female figures.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Finne's sculpture generated fierce opposition among people who preferred Vallgren's realistic Topelius, and a popular movement quickly emerged around the writer Maila Talvio, who acquired the funds to erect a statue of Vallgren in Helsinki.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Because of this, two statues commemorating Zachris Topelius were unveiled in 1932 in Helsinki: Vallgren's Realist Topelius and the Children in the School Puistikko and Finne's Symbolist Fable and Truth in the Esplanade Park.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[8] Topeliuksenkatu is named after Topeliuksenkatu in Töölö, Kokkola and Lohja, Topeliuksentie in Mikkeli and Topeliuksenpuistikko in Uussakaarlepyy.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

The Topelius study of Zachris Topelius has been published numerous biographies.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

The most extensive and notable is the six-volume Zacharias Topelius: Hans lif och skaldegärning (1912—1930) written by his pupil, literary scholar Valfrid Vasenius.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius' grandson Paul Nyberg, who organised his grandfather's literary estate in the National Library into the Topelius Collection, published his diaries under the name Zacharias Topelius dagböcker (1918—1924) and selections of his correspondence under the name Konstnärsbrev (1956—1960), as well as the biographer Zachris Topelius: En biografisk skildring (1949).


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

There have also been a large number of historical and literary scholarly specialised studies published on Topelius, such as Matti Klinge's Idyll and the Menace: The Ideas and Politics of Topelius (1998).


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Topelius' compiled works have been published twice, first in Swedish from 1904 to 1907 and then in Finnish from 1929 to 1939.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

These series of works, however, include only Topelius's works of fiction, not, for example, his newspaper writings, diaries, or correspondence.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Svenska Litteratursällskapet i Finland launched the Zacharias Topelius skrifter edition in 2005, which aims to publish “literary works and other literary estate as comprehensively as possible”.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

The edition is digital and freely available, and some of the material is also published in print.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

By autumn 2017, eight volumes of the edition have been published.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

[9] Works The Hunting of Charles the King (Kung Karls jakt) Princess of Kypro (Princess af Cypern) My book of insanity pamphlets (Blad ur min tänkebok) Readings for children (Läsning för barn), including fairy tales: The Pearl of Adalmina Birch and the Star (Björken och stjärnan) Sampo Lappalainen Nature Book (Naturens bok) Our country book (Boken om vårt land) Traveling in Finland (En resa i Finland) Old Baron of Rautakylä (Gamla baron på Rautakylä) Regina von Emmeritz Sylvia's songs: Summer day in Kangasa (En sommardag i Kangasala) Sylvia's Christmas Carol (En sommardag i Kangasala) Sylvias hälsning från Sicilien) Winter Evening Stories (Vinterqvällar — listed below have also appeared as separate books) King's Glove (Kungens handske) Linnainen Manor Green Chamber (Gröna kammaren i Linnais gård) Duchess of Finland (Hertiginnan af Finland) safeties (Planeternas skyddslingar, later Stjärnornas kungabarn) Välskär narratives (Fältskärns berättelser) Simeon Levis resa i Finland framställdt i teckningar Bride and other horror novelties, Faros 2013 Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{ cite book| author = Klinge, Matti| title= Idyll and Threat: Topelius Ideas and Policy| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-0-22952-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mazzarella, Merete| title = No longing, not sadness: The day Zacharias Topelius| publisher = January| year = 2009| id = ISBN 951-31-4758-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tiitta, Allan| title = Land of Grey Stone: Zacharias Topelius and Geography of Finland| location = Helsinki | publisher = Finnish Science Society | year = 1994| version = Bidrag till kännedom av Finland natur och folk, 147| id = ISBN 951-653-273-X}} On the topic elsewhere in Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

(in Swedish) Freely downloadable e-books by Zacharias Topelius National Library Referenced 9.4.2008.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

(in Swedish) Booksampo.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

375 humanists as of June 20, 2015.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

University of Helsinki.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

Enni Mustonen: “Shepherd Girl”.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

A novel about a maid girl who served Zachris Topelius in old age days mainly in Koivuniemi.


Question: What did Zachris Topelius die of?

Zachris Topelius

* Category:Those born in 1818 Class:Those who died in 1898 Class:Key articles of screening


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine, or forest pine (Pinus sylvestris), is a conifer in the genus of pines (Pinus) that grows wild in Eurasia.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Designations used for pine in Finnish are also honka used in western dialects and petit used in eastern dialects.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Honka, in the Old People's parlance, meant more precisely the old pine, dried up and the pine that grew large.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[1] Appearance and size Pine is an evergreen tree whose needles usually remain in the tree for 3—5 years.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The oldest needle vintage crows away from the tree in autumn.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Needles are in pairs on dwarf shoots.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The pine grows 15 to 30 meters tall, [2] rarely 40 meters tall.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In rugged neighborhoods, it is often left considerably shallower.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine trees normally live to 200—300 years old, but specimens over 600 years old are known.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[2] The oldest pine tree in Finland reportedly dates back to around 780 years.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[3] Pine is wind-pollinated and bare-seeded.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The flowering period of the pine is set in early June and its pollen is yellow and stains the waters in some places.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine cones are conical, short and rather small.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The development of pine cone and seed takes two summers.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine has powerful roots that bite deep into the ground.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

A large pine has a thick, straight downward protruding main root.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

It is thought that if the main root is damaged, for example, when planting, the pine will remain stunted.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Of mushrooms, among other things, you canlive in symbiosis with pine.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Old pines, at least 150 years old, have a tortoises-patterned thick bark, or so-called turtle, to protect the wood from wildfires.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The bark may show ulcers caused by wildfires, known as fire corns.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Distribution and breeding sites The pine range extends from Spain through Central Europe to the Nordic countries and eastern Siberia.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

It has also been common in the British Isles in the past, but due to overfelling there are no more fragmented original occurrences left in Scotland.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine is a tree of barren conditions that can withstand cold, drought and nutrient scarcity, but as a light plant requires a lot of light.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In the northern parts of its range, pine grows from sea level to 1000 m altitude, but in the southern parts it is a tree of high mountain ranges, growing at elevations of 1200—2500 m.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

There are three officially accepted variants of forest pine: var.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

mongolica in Mongolia, as well as the nearby regions of southern Siberia and China, var.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

hamata in the Balkans, northern Turkey and the Caucasus, as well as the most common variant var.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

sylvestris elsewhere in the pine distribution area.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In Finland, pine makes up almost half of the country's tree and grows all over the country except the highest fells and outermost archipelagos.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Use Pine is an important tree species in forestry and forestry industry.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In forest cultivation, the rotation period is 50—120 years, the longest in the northeastern parts of the occurrence range, where growth is slowest.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine forests can be regenerated by sowing or planting or naturally regenerating.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In Finland, pine was an important raw material for tar burning before the period of industrialization.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

In the hunger years, traitor flour was made from the trace and nylon layer of pine.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The wood material of pine is soft-electric.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Heartwood is resistant to decay and clearly darker than sapwood.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[4] The wood material is light brown to reddish-brown in colour.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine is used as a building tree and is well suited for outbuildings.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

It is also used as a paper tree and for the manufacture of furniture.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[4] Forms and varieties of forest pine Pinus sylvestris f. aurea — gold pine [5] Pinus sylvestris f. condensata — broom pine [5] Pinus sylvestris' Globosa '— sphere pine [6] Pinus sylvestris' Watereri '— dwarf pine [6] Pinus sylvestris f. virgata — snake pine [6] Pinus sylvestris f. virgata — snake Pine [5] Vertebrate pine pests Mammals Elk (Alces alces) eats young seedlings especially in early spring.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The lapine vole (Microtus oeconomus) corrupts pine trees under snow in winter.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The forest vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) occasionally eats pine buds.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The field vole (Microtus agrestis) is a major destroyer in seedlings, especially when it occurs in abundance approximately every four years.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

The water vole (Arvicola terrestris) destroys the root systems of seedlings, killing seedlings.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[7] Birds Metso (Tetrao urogallus) can corrupt small buds, but is rare.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Teer (Tetrao tetrix) eats needles and buds.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

[7] Pine insect Pest (Polygraphus poligraphus) Conifer (Rhagium inquisitor) Conifer (Lymantria monacha) Conifer beetle (Trypodendron lineatum) Giant woodcist (Urocerus gigas) Glossbook printer (Ips amitus) Book Printer (Ips typographus) Aphididae Spruce star (Pityogenes chalcographus) Aphids (Aphididae) Spruce star registrar (Pityogenes chalcographus) Pine fly fly fly (Pissodes piniphilus) Uri (Hylastes brunneus) Pine sprout (Rhyacionia buoliana) Pwn (Bursaphelenchus xylophilus) Pine aphid (Pineus pini) Pine Gauge (Bupalus piniarius) Pine piniarius (Pineus pini) Pine notcher (Panolis flammea) Quadtooth Registrar (Pityogenidae) Quadridens) Needlehorn ( Calomicrus pinicola) Okabark beetle (Ips acuminatus) Papinkiller (Callidium violaceum) Couple tooth registrar (Pityogenes bidentatus) Peltolude (Lygus rugulipennis) Ringwort (Retinia resinella) Stenographer (Ips sexdentatus) Pinebook Printer (Ips duplicatus)) Diprion pini (Aradus cinnamomeus) Vertical Blood (Tomicus piniperda) French tailor (Monochamus galloprovincialis) Brown Pine Cross (Neodiprion sertifer) Hornwort (Acanthocinus aedilis) Blueberry (Sirex juvencus) Shoemaker ( Monochamus sutor) Pissodes castaneus Loggerhead louse (Hylobius abietis) Basal pitchwort (Pissodes pini) Spotwort (Eupithecia abietaria) Pissodes pini (Thecodiplosis brachyntera) Thunder needle midge (Thecodiplosis brachyntera) Horizontal (Dendroctonus micans) Horizontal (Tomicus minor) Hylurgops palliatus (Hylurgops palliatus) Core peers (Tomicus spp.)


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine pests mushrooms Kuplamörsky (Rhizina undulata) Mesiches (Armillaria spp.)


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Pine coro (Lachnellula pini) Pine greywort (Lophodermella sulcigena) Pine root wort (Heterobasidion dosum) Pine snow mold (Phacidium infestans) Pine needle carrot (Lophodermium seditiosum) Pine needle rust (Coleosporium tussilaginis) Pine sprout cancer ( Ascocalyx abietina) Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Väre, Henry & Kiuru, Heikki| title = Trees and Shrubs in Finland | publisher = Metsäkustannus Oy| year = 2006| id = ISBN 978-952-5118-89-6| accessdate = 11.11.2011}} References Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

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Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

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Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

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Pine


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Pine


Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

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Question: How old can a pine tree grow?

Pine

Category:Pines Category:Key articles on screening


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Carl Barks (March 27, 1901, Oregon — August 25, 2000 in Grants Pass, Oregon) was an American comic book artist known as a draughtsman and screenwriter of Disney comics, particularly Donald Duck stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks is among the most respected and influential artists in the US comic book world.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Carl Barks did not invent Donald Duck, but he invented the Duck Castle, the dwelling place for the ducks and created many well-known minor characters including Scrooge the Duck, Hansel the Goose, Pelle the Fearless, Bear Kopla, Milla Magia and many others.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks drew about 6500 pages of comics during his life.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks began his Disney career as an animator, but gradually moved on to illustrating cartoons.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

After retiring, he still continued working on Disney characters, initially drawing up scripts for other cartoonists.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

He then took to painting Duck-themed oil colour tables based on his own stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Life and Career Before pursuing a career in comics, Carl Barks became interested in gags and drawing them as early as the age of nine while the family lived in Santa Rosa, California.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks was 15 years old when his mother died.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks was forced to drop out of school and help out on the farm because the extra workers could not be afforded and the rest of the family was unable to do all the work after her mother died.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[1] However, he received permission from his father to attend a letter course at the Landon Drawing School, and from it was his interest in drawing that was finally awakened.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, he did not complete the letter course.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[2] Two years later he tried to get a job as a cartoonist in San Francisco, but there was no demand for his work.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[1] In 1921, he contracted his first marriage to Pertle Turner.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Two children were born to them, Peggy and Dorothy.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks forgot about drawing and began doing work as a car dealer, track rail bolter, and locomotive repair shop, among other things.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[2] The cartoonist's career still remained his great dream and he spent his free time making caricatures.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks quarreled with his wife constantly because he wanted to advance as a draughtsman while Pertle insisted on more time together.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In 1928, Barks finally got the job he wanted from the Calgary Eye Opener magazine, which agreed to publish his caricatures.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Three years later, Barks got a permanent job at the same magazine, allowing him to concentrate on drawing fully.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Around this time, Barks and Pertle divorced.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[3] Barks began looking for a new job and heard Walt Disney was looking for screenwriters and artists.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

He sent his sketch samples to the company and got a job in the animation industry in 1935.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

For seven years, Barks served as both assistant animator and gag-man, responsible for the jokes in the story.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In 1942, however, he quit his work on animation because his health could not withstand the poor ventilation of the Disney studio.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[2] Barks began working in his home and focused solely on comics.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In 1938, Barks had remarried, to Clara Balke.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The marriage was initially successful and Clara helped Carl with his work.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, Clara got drunk and, in her drunken rage scenes, might occasionally destroy Carl's drawings and possessions.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks of the first Scrooge Duck told me he had drawn at a motel to which Clara's scenes of rage had escaped.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[3] This marriage too ended in divorce, in 1951.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The first comics Barks drew his first Donald Duck series in 1941.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

“Donald Duck and the Pirate's Gold” was based on the script for the abandoned cartoon film Morgan's Ghost, edited by Bob Karp, scriptwriter of Aku newspaper strips drawn by Al Taliaferro.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Half the story was drawn by Jack Hannah.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[4] Barks switched entirely to comics in 1942.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

His first full-length story was the war propaganda series “Pluto Saves a Ship”, which he co-authored with Jack Hannah.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Soon Barks moved on to work for Western Publishing Company, a major comic book publisher in the United States.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In the early part of his career, Barks had trouble, too.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

He used examples such as Floyd Gottfredson's long Mickey Mouse adventures and sent a letter to Green Lantern comic book creator Martin Nodell asking for help in making comics [5].


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Western also owned the rights to Anselmi Panda, Nakke Nakuttaja, Lurppa, Barney Bear, and Benny Donkey, which is why in his early days Barks also drew stories starring one of these characters.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, there are very few stories in question (33) compared to Barks' Disney stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Stories that are not part of the duck world feature approximately 270 pages in Barks' production, most of them the adventures of Barney the bear and the Benny donkey [4].


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

All of Barks' non-Disney animal comics were published in the late 1970s in English in the book Barks Bear Book.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Some of these stories have also been seen in Finnish in the 1980s and 1990s (including Tom and Jerry) [2].


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The golden age Barks drew his first Disney story for Western in 1943.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

It was the ten-page story “Ryytimaa”, the script of which he reworked from the beginning.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In the same year, Barks' first long story, “The Mummy's Ring”, appeared.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks developed as a comic book maker rapidly, and in the mid-1940s the famous stories “Christmas on Bear Mountain” and “The Phantom of the Coral Cave” emerged.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Often they featured distant references to films and comic books of the time.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Most of the 1940s stories, however, were ten-page joke comics, and the long adventures were still waiting to come.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, in the United States, Walt Disney's Comics and Stories magazine rose to the top selling comic books mainly thanks to Barks' stories [2].


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The end of the 1940s and the beginning of the 1950s can be said to be the golden age of Barks.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In this case, the stories “The Secret of the Old Castle”, “Angled Eggs”, “Donald Duck Saves the Empty Christmas”, “Golden Helmet” and “Back to the Klondike” were born.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

These stories also represent an era when Don Rosa had just started reading Barks.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Rosa has drawn sequels to much of these stories of the late 1940s and early 1950s.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

References to “The Secret of the Old Castle” and the story “Back to the Klondike” can be found in many stories depicting Rosa Roope's youth.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The “Angled Eggs” story is a direct continuation of Rosa's story “Call of the Andes”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

“Donald Duck Saves Empty Christmas”, meanwhile, gets a continuation in Rosa's story “The First Invention”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks' long adventures often took the Ducks on long trips, all the way to Europe and Asia.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, Barks himself had never visited outside the borders of the United States.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

He used articles and photographs from National Geographic magazine to help him.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

As his second source, Barks used the Encyclopædia Britannica encyclopedia.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks married, in 1954, for the third time, this time to the painter Margaret Williams.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Margaret, better known by her stage name Garé Barks, often acted as Barks' assistant, including texting much of the speech bubbles.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[3] By the mid-1950s, Barks was already starting to get a little tired of the hard work pace.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In addition, Barks was discouraged by the censorship-minded restriction of stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In the United States of the 1950s, comics were accused of giving harmful influences to young people, and the publisher of Disney comics also censored their stories in the name of makeshift.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks focused on Roope's adventures in exotic landscapes.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[4] Barks remained an anonymous draughtsman right up until 1957, when admirers found out his name.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Prior to this, Barks was known by the nickname “That Good Duck Drawman”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[6] After the revelation, he began to receive fan mail, although he considered his first fan letters a prank.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[7] In 1966, Barks retired.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The post-comics period, Barks did not finish work on Disney characters, despite retiring.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

He did manuscripts until 1974 and drew cover art until 1969.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Most of these screenplays were wolf-puppy-themed stories illustrated by Kay Wright or Tony Strobl.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Later, these wolf puppy adventures were redrawn by Daan Jippes.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Jippes' versions are considered considerably more spiritual than Barks.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks' final manuscripts were “Horsing Through History”, drawn by William Van Horn, chosen by Barks for the work, and “The Postman of the Arctic Circle”, which was completed by Byron Erickson and John Lustig and drawn by Daan Jippes.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[8] In 1971, at the suggestion of his admirer Glenn Bray, Carl Barks set about painting oil colourwork based on his own duck stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[9] Initially he sold his paintings for about $150 a piece, but today the most valuable have been paid up to $150,000.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Most of these paintings were direct copies of the cover illustrations he drew, although later he also painted paintings loosely related to his stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, the copyrights to them and the characters featured in them belonged to the Disney company, but surprisingly, the company granted Barks permission to make paintings of them, though the company has never granted similar permission to anyone else.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

However, when unauthorized print copies of the paintings began to be made as well, in 1976 the company banned Barks from painting any more Disney-themed paintings.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

By then, he had completed more than 120 paintings.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[7] Thereafter he painted fantasy and western motifs [2].


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

In the early 1980s, permission for paintings rattled again, and Barks continued to make them.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

At the same time, the value of the paintings also soared, and Another Rainbow, which owns the licence, began publishing lithographs of these paintings.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

All of the printing tiles have been destroyed except for the first five, which have been scratched to be unusable and preserved as mementos in the Disney company's archives.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[4] [2] Only a fraction of the original pages drawn by Barks remain, as much of its original drawings were burned and disposed of by the Disney company due to lack of space.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Last years In 1991, Barks received the Disney Legends Award, which is given for distinguished work for the benefit of the Disney company.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Three years later, Barks made his first trip abroad.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

En route, she visited eleven European countries: Iceland, Norway, Denmark, Finland, Sweden, Poland, Germany, Italy, France, the Netherlands and Britain.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[4] As his last Disney-themed work, he wrote the praise poem “Ode to Disney Ducks”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The writing in question has been published in Issue 26/1999 of Donald Duck magazine, among others.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[2] Barks died at his home in Grants Pass, Oregon, of leukemia [10] at the age of 99 in 2000.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[4] Barks as an artist Barks' influence on Donald Duck Barks' influence on Donald Duck comics is very large.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Almost every cartoonist considers him his paragon.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The most famous of them is Don Rosa, few of whose stories contradict Barks' stories.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Many other Disney cartoonists, including Romano Scarpa and Daan Jippes, have also said Barks was their biggest influencer.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks invented Aku, ducklings and female friend Iines alongside the characters of several additional personalities.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Of particular significance was Aku's uncle Scrooge the Duck.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[11] According to Barks, Scrooge is specifically the brother of Aku's mother, but Ankkalinna's uncles have been traditionally translated into uncles in Finland.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Initially, Roope was only intended to be a minor character only in the story “Christmas on Mount Bear”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

[12] Roope's enemies Bear Kopla, Milla Magia and Golden-Into Pii are also characters created by Barks, as are the inventor Pelle the Fearless and the good-fated Hansel the Goose.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Of Roope's enemies, Kroisos Pennonen is also a character created by Barks, although Barks himself only used the character once in the story “Wonder Benzine”.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

Barks also developed the characters of the ducklings Tupu, Hood, and Lupu.


Question: When was Carl Barks born?

Carl Barks

The Wolf Puppies Organization and their information pack The Wolf Puppies Handbook was Barks' invention.