Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, Andrew Cook claimed in his book Ace of Spies: The True Story of Sidney Reilly that Reilly was born under the name of Solomon (Shlomo) Rosenblum a year earlier in the Herson region of southern Ukraine.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Cook, Shlomo Rosenblum was the illegitimate son of his mother Paulina (Perla) Rosenblum and Dr. Mikhail Abramovich Rosenblum.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The latter was a cousin of Paulina's spouse and Reilly's titular father, Grigori (Hersh) Rosenblum.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Sidney Reilly left his home after his parents disapproved of the boy dating his cousin Felicia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly began studying chemistry at Novorossiysk University and, according to his own narration, in 1892 he was arrested by Ohrana, the Russian secret police, after carrying his overcoat under a lining secret messages from the Friends of the Enlightenment, a revolutionary student group.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After his release, Reilly learned from his father, Grigor, that his mother Paula had died and that his real father was Mikhail Rosenblum, who served as his mother's doctor.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After changing his name to Sigmund Rosenblum, Reilly said he faked his own death in the port of Odessa and then travelled as a hare on an English ship to Brazil in South America.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In Brazil, Reilly used the name Pedro and worked in miscellaneous jobs: as a dock laborer, a road laborer, and a plantation laborer.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In 1895, Reilly was admitted to the service of one of the British expeditions as a cook.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

When hostile Indians attacked the expedition, Reilly intercepted the gun of an English officer and shot the attackers dead, thus saving the life of Major Charles Fothergill, who was part of the expedition.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

As a reward for his deed, Reilly allegedly received a reward of £1500 from Fothergill and, in addition, a British passport was arranged for him and was allowed to travel to England.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After reaching England, Reilly began performing under the name Sidney Rosenblum.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Andrew Cook disputes in his book the veracity of Reilly's stay in Brazil described in Bruce Lockhardt's book and claims that Reilly actually came to London in December 1895 from France.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In France, on 25 December 1895, Reilly and his partner Russian Jan Voitek had attacked two Italian anarchists on a train in the Paris suburb of Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, robbing them of a large sum of money intended for revolutionary activities.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

One anarchist had his throat slit and the other, called Constant Della Cassa, was thrown off the train and he perished three days later at Fontainbleu Hospital from knife wounds he received in connection with the robbery.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The police found out that the description of the other robber matched Reilly's, but he had fled to England at that point.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly in London Regardless of whether Reilly came to London from France or Brazil he lived anyway in early 1896 under Sigmund Rosenblum's name Albert Mansions in a high-rise dwelling house along Rosetta Street in the Borough of Waterloo.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After settling in England, Reilly established a company called Rosenblum & Company in the City of London, which in 1898 changed to Ozone Preparations Company.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The company produced patent medicines and was soon successful, but Reilly spent more money on luxurious living, travel and gambling than the company produced.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Due to a shortage of cash, Reilly, who controls several languages, also became a paid purveyor of information for the intelligence network set up by William Melville, head of Scotland Yard's special branch, among the London-based emigrants.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Andrew Cook, Melville later ran the English Secret Service in the early years of its operation and he then used the codename “M”.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly obtained information for Melville about exiles, emigrants, revolutionaries and anarchists living in England, and he gradually got into the world of espionage.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In 1897, Reilly became acquainted with a 63-year-old wealthy Reverend Hugh Thomas who was interested in the miracle cures offered by Reilly's company.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly also became acquainted with Thomas's 24-year-old wife, Margaret Callaghan and over the next six months as Reilly supplied Reverend Thomas with his medication, a relationship developed between them.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Hugh Thomas amended his will on 4 March 1898 so that his wife became executor of the will.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

A week later, Thomas and his nurse arrived in Sussex at Newhaven's The London and Paris Hotel.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reverend Thomas was found dead in his bed at the same hotel on 12 March and then the mysterious Dr. T. W. Andrew arrived at the scene who examined the deceased and reported that Thomas had died as a victim of influenza.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After signing the death certificate and other relevant papers, Dr Andrew indicated that there was no need for a further investigation into the cause of death and then left the scene.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Subsequently, it has been investigated and found out that a doctor named T. W. Andrew was not found in the English official records of 1897 and Dr Andrew's external descriptions corresponded to those of Reilly.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Thomas's nurse who had been hired by his wife Margaret had previously been suspected of poisoning one of his employers with arsenic.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

At the insistence of Thomas's widow, he was buried already a day and a half after death and 6 weeks from this the widow inherited Thomas' fortune of £800,000.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

English police did not subsequently investigate any ambiguity surrounding Thomas's death.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly married Thomas's widow four months later on 22 August 1898 and they moved to their new house, which was located along Upper Westbourne Terrace, London's Hyde Park.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On this occasion, Reilly also renounced the Sigmund Rosenblum name and began using the name of Sidney George Reilly from now on.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

It is alleged that William Melville arranged for Reilly to have his new identity in order to facilitate Reilly's future missions in Russia and the Far East.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On assignments in the Far East, Reilly travelled in June 1899 with his wife to Russia using his British passport and new identity.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Andrew Cook, this sudden departure was because Reilly had been involved in a gang of criminals that had manufactured false ruble banknotes in England and distributed them in the western regions of Russia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

William Melville then arranged for Reilly to be removed from the country so that his activities as a Scotland Yard pry would also have been revealed.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

It is claimed that while Margaret Reilly stayed in St. Petersburg, Reilly himself travelled to the Caucasus region to acquire knowledge of oil deposits and other natural resources in the region.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

This reconnaissance mission of Reilly was related to the “big game” between England and Russia, the struggle for control of Central Asia, Persia and Afghanistan.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On his return from the voyage, Reilly handed over the information he had compiled to the English government and received his reward for completing the mission.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly has also said he posed as a Russian arms dealer during the Boer War in order to spy on arms deliveries made by the Dutch to the Boers.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly arrived with his wife in 1901 in the port city of Port Arthur, Manchuria, acting initially as a partner in a lumber company.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

He also began working at the export and import firm of his friend Moisei (Moses) Akimovich.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

This company had business connections around the world and supplied considerable quantities of material to the Russian Pacific Fleet stationed at Port Arthur since 1898.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly and Ginsburg traded with both the Russians and Japanese and are also alleged to have passed intelligence information to either party.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In January 1904, Reilly and his Chinese engineer pilot, Ho-Liang-Shung, allegedly usurped the defence plans for Port Arthur's harbour and sold them to the Japanese Navy.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Using this information, destroyers of the Japanese Navy would have managed to circumvent the minefields laid to protect the harbour and attack with success the Russian Navy ships that were in port.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to historian Winfried Ludecke, as soon as the Russo-Japanese War broke out in February 1904, Reilly left Port Arthur with a mistress named Anna and visited Japan to pick up a reward for the duties he had completed.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In June 1904, Reilly was in Paris and then met William Melville whom he had last seen in 1899 when he left London for Russia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Melville was by this stage already the head of MI5, the English intelligence service, and he already had a need for Reilly's abilities.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's marriage also fell apart around this time.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was constantly unfaithful to his wife and he no longer needed her financial support either.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Margaret Reilly returned in the autumn of 1903 from Port Arthur to England but the marriage remained formally effective.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

D'Arcy incident In 1904, the English Admiralty predicted that oil would in future overtake coal as fuel for ships of the English Navy.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On this occasion, they found out that William Knox D'Arcy had obtained a valuable concession from the Persian government for oil exploration in the southern Persian regions and that he was also engaged in similar negotiations with the Turkish government on the oil rights of Mesopotamia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The Admiralty now initiated action to persuade D'Arcy to sell these rights to the English government instead of the French House of Rotschild, which had acted as rivals.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Lochardt describes in his book how Reilly, on commission from the Admiralty, sought out D'Arcy for his hands in the south of France.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly ascended the Rotschilds amusement disguised as a Catholic priest and managed to persuade D'Arcy, who had been on the yacht, to end negotiations with the Rotschilds and go to England to conclude a treaty with the Admiralty.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Andrew Cook, however, at the time of the incident in February 1904, Reilly had been still in Port Arthur and D'Arcy's persuasion was in reality handled by William Melville and English intelligence officer Henry Curtis Bennett.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, soon after the D'Arcy incident, Reilly is known to have lived with certainty on the French Riviera near the place where the Rotschilds were moored, so that he may have been involved in some ways.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Shortly after D'Arcy's matter had been concluded, Reilly travelled to Brussels and from there on to Saint Petersburg where he arrived in January 1905.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

At the Frankfurt Aviation Exhibition, Lockhardt explains in his book how, during the 1909 Frankfurt International Aviation Exhibition (Internationale Luftschiffahrt-Ausstellung), Reilly acquired a new type of magneto recently developed by the Germans.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On the fifth day of the show, a German aircraft crashed as the pilot was killed.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

A new type of magneto was used in the engine of the plane and, as soon as the accident happened, Reilly and another agent from the English Intelligence Service sprinted to the wreckage of the plane, removed the magneto from the engine without attracting attention and attaching another magneto to the site.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's partner then examined the magneto and quickly made detailed drawings of it.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

They later returned the original magneto again to the wreckage of the plane taken to the aircraft shelter.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Andrew Cook's research, there were no plane accidents during the aviation exhibition in question and the whole thing is therefore in this form a blaze.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was indeed interested in aviation and participated in both the Franfurt Exhibition and also the 1911 Aviation Exhibition in Saint Petersburg.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

He was also involved in the development of aviation in Russia through a company called Krylia (Wings) and acquired a tract of land near Saint Petersburg for the airport.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

As a spy at the Krupp factories In 1909, Germany was accelerating its arms race and the English government wanted to get information on what types of weapons were being manufactured in German armaments factories.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Lockhardt's account, Reilly arrived in Essen, Germany in 1909, performing as a shipyard worker named Karl Hahn from the Baltics.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

For this task, Reilly had learned to weld at a Sheffield metal works.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was hired at the Krupp factory as a welder and he soon joined the factory's own fire department as well.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly convinced the plant foreman in charge of the fire department that the fire department would need the plant's floor plans to see the locations of water posts and fire extinguishing equipment.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The foreman brought the floor plan to be seen by the fire brigades and based on the drawing, Reilly managed to find out where the plans for the weapons manufactured by the factory were kept.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

One morning, Reilly penetrated the office where gun drawings were stored by picking open the office door.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In the middle of it all, the foreman surprised Reilly but Reilly managed to strangle him to death and could then usurp the plans.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

He immediately travelled by train from Essen to Dortmund and, upon reaching a safe place there, cut the papers into four pieces and then sent them as separate postal deliveries.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Even if one shipment had not arrived, the other three would be able to conclude the importance of the weapons plans.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Andrew Cook is skeptical of this case in his book, but notes that a person named Karl Hahn was actually employed by that factory at that time and the factory also had its own fire department.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In the same year, Reilly arrived in Istanbul where he managed to become the local representative of the German shipyard Blohm & Voss after framing his predecessor for leaking a secret report from one of the shipyards into the public domain.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly now acquired a significant order for the shipyard from the Turkish Navy and after collecting his brokerage commission left Turkey.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In the following years, Reilly worked as a shipbroker in Saint Petersburg and here he became acquainted in 1910 with 22-year-old Nadine (Nadezhda) Zalessky who was a Ukrainian Jew and whose family originally came from Switzerland.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Zalessky's father and brothers served as officers in the Russian army and through this Reilly managed to establish new business relations useful to him.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was in Saint Petersburg as a representative of the Blohm & Voss shipyard, engaged in industrial espionage for its benefit, and also acquired orders for the shipyard from the Russian Navy.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly had managed to establish relations with Admiral Gregorovich, the Russian Minister of Navy, with the help of Lieutenant Petr Zalessky, who served as his adjutant.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly and Sir Basil Zaharoff Richard Deacon's book History of the Russian Secret Service mentions that in April 1912 Reilly would have been commissioned by the Russian Ohrana to get acquainted with Sir Basil Zaharoff, a well-known international arms dealer, and to draw up a personal profile of him.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's biographer Richard B. Spence argues that in this case Reilly would have learned from Zaharoff a strategy called “le systeme” to play different sides in a conflict against each other in order to maximise their own financial gain.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Andrew Cook, for his part, denies in his book that there was any contact between Reilly and Zaharoff.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's activities during World War I After World War I began, Reilly moved from Russia to New York City and became an arms dealer, supplying the Russian Army with weapons and ammunition from American and Japanese manufacturers.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly became rich on these trades, receiving brokerage fees of several million dollars from them.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In February 1915, Reilly married his longtime mistress 29-year-old Nadine (Nadezhda) Zalessky although his marriage to Margaret Reilly was still formally valid.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly lived in New York City from 1915 to 1917 in a management position in a company called the Allied Machinery Company, which supplied ammunition, machinery parts and other supplies to the Allies.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In 1917, Reilly travelled to Toronto, Canada and enlisted in the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) there.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was under training at the Toronto Military Aviation School (School of Military Aeronautics) and was then sent to England.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly is reported to have parachuted several times behind German lines both in Belgium and also on German soil.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

He posed as a peasant or wounded German private or officer on recuperation leave.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

During one such assignment, Reilly spent three weeks moving as a German officer, appearing to gather intelligence on the impending major attack by the Germans.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly and Lockhart's conspiracy to overthrow the Bolsheviks, called Lockhart's conspiracy, the plan to overthrow Vladimir Lenin's Bolshevik government in Russia and kill Lenin was the most grandiose and daring project in which Reilly was involved.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly had entered the duties of English Intelligence under Sir Mansfield Smith-Cumming (known by the codename “C”) in early 1918 and in March 1918 he was posted to Moscow.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly arrived in Murmansk, was detained there for a while, but was able to continue his journey, first to St. Petersburg and then to Moscow.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Immediately after arriving in Moscow, Reilly went straight to the Kremlin, saying he was a representative sent by David Lloyd George, the English prime minister, and wanted to meet Vladimir Lenin.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly did not get to Lenin, but he was allowed to meet with Vladimir Bruevich, his assistant.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

He was later criticised by Reilly's commissioners for this defiant stunt, but Reilly denied the whole affair, admitting only that he visited the Kremlin that day.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In May 1918, Bruce Lockhart and Sidney Reilly, who served as agents of English intelligence, met several times with General Boris Savinkov who headed the Alliance for the Defense of the Fatherland and Freedom and had served as Minister of War in Aleksandr Kerensky's provisional government.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Savinkov had previously belonged to the Socialist-Revolutionaries and he was one of the main opponents of the Bolsheviks.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After these meetings, Lockhardt and Reilly contacted groups operating near Savinkov, arranging funding for these activities and also creating contacts with intelligence officers from the U.S. and French consulates in Moscow.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In June 1918, a group of Latvian soldiers dissatisfied with the Bolsheviks made contact in Saint Petersburg with Bolshevik opponents.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

These Latvians were directed to the speeches of Captain Cromie, the naval agent in England, and Reilly, who appeared as a Turkish merchant named Constantine.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Since the Latvian troops were the Bolshevik “Praetorian Guard” and were responsible for the security of the Kremlin, among other things, Reilly concluded that their presence would be necessary for the conspiracy to succeed, and so Reilly arranged a meeting between the Latvians and Lockhardt England at the embassy in Moscow.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

At this point, Reilly was already planning a coup d'état with the Bolsheviks, and he also made a list of Russian generals who would be willing to join the captors.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In the middle of planning the capture, English troops came ashore at Arkhangelsk on 4 August 1918.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The purpose of the operation was to prevent German troops from gaining control of Allied military equipment depots located in northwestern Russia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, the Bolsheviks considered the invasion to be directed against themselves and, in retaliation, they raided the English Legation on 5 August 1918, while interrupting the negotiations held there by Reilly and Lockhardt over the capture with Latvians and representatives of the Savinkov Organization.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On 17 August, Reilly held several meetings with the chiefs of Latvian regiments and also contacted another English agent operating in Russia, Captain George Hill.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

At these meetings it was agreed that the hijacking would take place on 6 September 1918 at the same time as a meeting of the Council of People's Commissars and the Moscow Council was taking place at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow, where Lenin and Lev Trotsky would also be present.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, the course of events changed unexpectedly when Moisei Uritsky, who was in charge of the Czech Republic in St. Petersburg, was shot dead by a cadet on 30 August 1918.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On the same day, Faina Kaplan, who was part of the Socialist Revolutionaries, wounded Lenin with a gunshot just as he was leaving a meeting at the Michelson factory in Moscow.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The Czeka saw this as a major anti-Bolshevik conspiracy and launched the Red Terror during which thousands of Bolshevik opponents were arrested and executed.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The Bolsheviks also arrested, based on lists they received from their agents, those involved in Lockhart and Reilly's coup project and attacked the British legation to St. Petersburg.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Captain Cromie, who attempted resistance, was killed and Bruce Lockhardt was arrested.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Elizaveta Otten and Maria Fride, used by Reilly as couriers, and Reilly's mistress Olga Staržeskaja were also among those arrested.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Lockhart was later traded for Maksim Litvinov, a Bolshevik representative arrested in London.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

On 3 September, plans for the hijacking were published in Russian magazines and Czeka raided the hideout of Reilly, who was considered the chief planner of the hijacking.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, Reilly managed to avoid arrest and went to meet another SIS agent, Captain Charles Hill.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Hill suggested that Reilly leave Russia via Ukraine, taking advantage of a network of English agents there.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, Reilly preferred the shorter but more dangerous route through Finland.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly exited Moscow in a train carriage reserved for use by the German embassy, performing as a Baltic German.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After reaching Kronstadt, he travelled from there by ship to Helsinki and on to Stockholm, finally arriving in London on 8 November 1918.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Both Lockhart and Reilly were sentenced to death in absentia by the Bolshevik Revolutionary Tribunal for the attempted coup and ordered that the sentence should be served immediately if either were caught on Russian soil.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

As far as Reilly was concerned, this was accomplished in 1925.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

It has also been claimed that the whole coup project would have been initiated by the Bolsheviks themselves, and Reilly would have acted as a double agent in it.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After arriving in London, Reilly and Hill, who had fled another route from Russia, made accounts of what had happened during a meeting with Sir Mansfield Smith-Cumming.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In December 1918, they already left back to Russia, this time performing as English Trade Commissioners.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

They were now tasked with acquiring information about the Black Sea coastal areas for a peace conference in Paris, and assessing the political and military situation in the region.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

For their services, Reilly and Hill received the Military Cross Commendation Badge on 22 January 1919.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly returned from southern Russia in March 1919.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

After completing the mission, Reilly eventually returned to New York to be with his wife Nadine.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, they already divorced quite soon and Reilly entered into a new marriage to Caryll Houselander.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, the divorce and the dissolution of the business partnership at the same time caused Reilly to spend money and he was forced to sell by auction his Napoleon-themed art collection at the American Art Gallery in New York.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Next, Reilly left for Poland, where a war was currently underway between Poland and Soviet Russia.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In Poland, Reilly met again with Boris Savinkov with whom he began to develop a new plan to overthrow the Bolshevik government.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly invested his own money into the project and also raised funding from SIS and private funders.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, the plans did not materialise and eventually the English intelligence agency SIS decided in 1922 to sever all relations with Reilly.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The reason was, among other things, that Reilly had posed as a Navy officer and had also obtained a visa for Boris Savinkov to England by trespassing.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly moved to Prague and launched the manufacture and sale of patent medicines there.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, this time his business did not go smoothly and soon the marriage to Caryll also ended in divorce.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

However, Reilly was not discouraged; as early as December 1922 he got engaged to Pepita Bobadilla, a wealthy South American widow he had met, and in May 1923 Reilly entered into his fourth marriage with her.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly is alleged to have been involved, along with Arthur Maundy Gregory, in organising the 1923 so-called Zinovyev Letter, which is said to have caused an electoral defeat for the English Labour Party the following year.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Operation Trusti and Reilly's execution In September 1925, representatives of the OGPU, which had become the successor to the Czech Republic, succeeded in luring Reilly to the Soviet Union.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

They claimed that the Trusti, a secret counter-revolutionary organisation, was operating in the Soviet Union and offered to arrange for Reilly to meet with the leaders of the Trust if he arrived in the Soviet Union himself.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly was informed of the matter through his former SIS colleague Ernest Boyce and he travelled with Pepita to Paris to meet Boyce and obtain further information from the Trust.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly then left for Helsinki and continued his journey further to the Soviet Union despite the warnings he received.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Toivo Vähä, a border guard officer with Finnish background who organised his border crossing on the Soviet-Russian side, was in reality employed by the OGPU and informed his superiors of Reilly's arrival.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Immediately after Reilly crossed the Finnish border at the Raja River on 25 September, he was arrested by OGPU men.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

A shootout was arranged at the scene so that those who reached Reilly's border might have thought he had been shot as soon as he crossed the border.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

In reality, Reilly was transported for questioning in Moscow to Lubjanka prison.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

As part of the setup, Vää was also captured and reported executed as a traitor, although in reality he was rewarded and transferred with a new identity to another station.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

[1] [2] Under questioning, Reilly maintained his cover that he was a British citizen born in Clonmel, Ireland, and refused to divulge any intelligence.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

During the interrogations, Reilly kept a secret diary in which he analyzed the interrogation techniques used by representatives of the OGPU.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The diary was written on cigarette papers that Reilly hid inside the wall plaster of his cell.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The diary was found in Reilly's cell only during a search after his death.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Andrew Cooke, Reilly was not tortured during interrogations except for arranging fake exams used for psychological pressure.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The death sentence given to Reilly in 1918 was finally enforced by order of Josif Stalin on 5 November 1925 in the Sokolniki Forest near Moscow, where Reilly had previously been regularly transported for walks.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to Boris Gudzi, who was an eyewitness, the execution was overseen by OGPU officer Grigory Feduleyev and the actual execution was carried out by OGPU officer Yuri Syroježkin.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's body was transported back to Lubjanka Prison to be examined and photographed and he was buried in the prison yard.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Even after Reilly's death, rumours circulated that he was alive and became an advisor to the OGPU.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Reilly's co-conspirator Boris Savinkov had also the previous year been similarly lured to the Soviet Union.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Savinkov received a 10-year prison sentence but he died on 7 March 1925 after committing suicide in the Lubjanka prison by jumping down from a window, according to the official version.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The events of Operation Trust came into public view in their entirety with the release of documents made public in the Soviet Union in the early 1960s.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

[1] [3] Reilly as a paragon of James Bond, Reilly is one of those who have been claimed to be a prequel to James Bond.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

[4] Sir Ian Fleming, author of the James Bond books, was a perennial friend of Bruce Lockhart.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

According to the narration, Fleming received consultation from Lockhart about Reilly's persona and activities, and these stories, as well as newspaper stories published about Reilly after his death, are said to have given him influences for the development of James Bond's character.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

The common traits of James Bond and Sidney Reilly included mastery of several foreign languages, an interest in Far Eastern culture, many love adventures and a penchant for sweet living and gambling.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Literature by Andrew Cook, Ace of Spies: The True Story of Sidney Reilly; 2004, Tempus Publishing, ISBN 0-7524-2959-0.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Andrew Cook, On His Majesty's Secret Service, Sydney Reilly Codename ST1; 2002, Tempus Publishing, ISBN 0-7524-2555-2.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Richard Deacon, Spyclopaedia; 1987, Macdonald & Company Publishers Ltd, ISBN 0-356-14600-6.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Michael Kettle, Sidney Reilly: The True Story of the World's Greatest Spy; 1986, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 0-312-90321-9.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Robert Bruce Lockhart, Memoirs of a British Agent (reprint); 2003, Folio Society, ASIN B000E4QXIK.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Andrew Lycett, The Man Behind James Bond; 1996, Turner Publishing, ISBN 1-57036-343-9.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Robin Bruce Lockhart, Reilly: Ace of Spies; 1986, Hippocrene Books, ISBN 0-88029-072-2.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Richard B. Spence, Trust No One: The Secret World Of Sidney Reilly; 2002, Feral House, ISBN 0-922915-79-2.


Question: Where did Sidney Reilly die?

Sidney Reilly

Sources References Category:British spies Category:Executed for espionage Category:Year of birth unknown Class:Dead in 1925


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is one of the water-soluble vitamins needed by man.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid is an optically active compound.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Vitamin C is the L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

For humans, as well as some few animals, ascorbic acid is a vitamin; many species of animals (e.g., dogs) are able to self-synthesize vitamin C.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The need for vitamin C and deficiency diseases have been known since long before the vitamin itself was recognized.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

By the time of the Discoveries in the 18th century, the benefits of fresh vegetables and fruits in the prevention of scurvy began to be felt.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Vitamin C has also become a popular supplement believed to improve general condition and prevent or cure disease.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The ingestion of daily doses of several grams during the flu has been found to shorten the duration of the flu.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[1] According to a study conducted by the University of Helsinki and the Australian National University, vitamin C would not prevent colds.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[2] A review published in 2013 concludes that for those under severe physical exertion, symptoms may be alleviated and the duration of the disease is reduced.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[3] Vitamin C in the body Vitamin C has several different functions in the body, many of which are related to its ability to reduce other substances (i.e. act as an antioxidant).


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Among other things, it promotes the absorption of calcium and non-heme iron (iron from vegetables and dairy products), prevents the oxidation of fatty acids, vitamins A and E, is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12 and folic acid, affects the synthesis of steroid hormones and bile salts to the formation of cholesterol and prevents the formation of nitrosoamines.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Tissues need vitamin C to form collagen, on which depends, among other things, the strength of blood vessels, bones, teeth and all connective tissues.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid has also been observed beneficial effects in the treatment of cancer.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[4] Deficiency causes severe scurvy, which is no longer usually present in Finland.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Mild deficiency symptoms occur in individuals who eat too little or too unilaterally.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Symptoms are nonspecific such as reluctance, fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath and joint pain.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Need and intake of vitamin C Very small amounts, up to 10 mg of vitamin C daily is enough to prevent deficiency symptoms.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

However, to achieve a good state of health, significantly higher amounts are recommended.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The recommendation of the State Advisory Board on Nutrition is 75mg/day for adults and 20-40mg/day in children depending on age [5] According to the Nordic dietary recommendations, the maximum daily intake considered to be harmful is 1000mg/day.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[6] The average intake of vitamin C in Finland is 118 mg/day for women and 98 mg/day for men.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

On average, the intake is adequate, but especially in a proportion of men, the intake could be better.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Camu Camu fruit (Myrciaria dubia) is by far the most vitamin C-rich nutrient, followed by rose hips, peppers, nettle, sea buckthorn, blackcurrant and asparagus and kale [7].


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The main sources of vitamin C for Finns are fruits, berries and vegetables, as well as potatoes.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[8] Chemistry The chemical name of vitamin C is ascorbic acid.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

When pure, the compound is a white to nearly white crystalline powder with a melting point of 190 °C.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[9] Its chemical structure is based on a ring formed by four carbon and one oxygen atoms, joined by a single bond by two hydroxy groups OH and a double bonded one oxygen O.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

In addition, 1,2-dihydroxoethyl CH2 (OH) -CH (OH) - is attached to the 5th carbon of the ring.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[9] The vitamin C molecule therefore contains six carbon atoms.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid is water-soluble due to its structure; the molecule is, like a water molecule, a poolic compound.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

In the hydrogen and oxygen bond of ascorbic acid, H-O hydrogen has a positive and oxygen has a negative partial charge.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The positive charge of ascorbic acid (hydrogen) attracts the negative end of the water molecule (oxygen) and vice versa.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

In this case, ascorbic acid dissolves in water.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

[9] It breaks down easily when cooking.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Functional groups contained in ascorbic acid include the double bond and hydroxyl groups, and the heterocyclic lactone ring.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid has an exceptional stable, acidic enol — usually enols turn themselves into ketones very quickly through keto-enol tautomeria.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The double bond of the enol is conjugated to the adjacent carbonyl, thus stabilizing the enol form.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Another way to describe the same thing is that ascorbic acid is a vinylogical carboxylic acid: through a double bond (“vinyl”), hydroxyl and carbonyl get to exchange electrons when in ordinary carboxylic acid they exchange them directly.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Ascorbic acid has two possible ketone forms, which are always present in ascorbic acid in equilibrium with enol.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Both have two ketones (carbon-oxygen double bond), as well as one hydroxyl instead of a carbon-carbon double bond.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

In the body of many animals, L-ascorbic acid is generated from glucose, but the enzyme needed for this is lacking in humans and other primates.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Physiologically acting forms of ascorbic acid are L-ascorbic acid and its oxidation product dehydroascorbic acid (dehydroascorbate).


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Commercial vitamin preparations usually contain L-ascorbic acid and its salt (ascorbate).


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

The food industry uses ascorbic acid and its salts as additives, among others, with E code E300 (ascorbic acid, C6H8O6), E301 (sodium ascorbate, C6H7NaO6) and E302 (calcium ascorbate, C12H14CaO12).


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

These compounds are less often used to vitaminize foods, mostly they are added as preservatives to slow down oxidation, that is, antioxidants.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Also used as an antioxidant is D-ascorbic acid, which does not occur in nature and has no actual vitamin effect.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Sources Leena Peltosaari, Hilkka Raukola: Nutrition Information.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Otava in 1995.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

ISBN 951-1-13655-0 Mole.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Otava.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

References On the topic elsewhere (pdf), Medicina Ltd, 6th edition, web version Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C


Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

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Question: What are vitamins C?

Vitamin C

Category:Vitamins Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Richard Samuel Attenborough, Baron Attenborough (29 August 1923, Cambridge — 24 August 2014 [1] London) was an English theatre and film actor and film director and producer whose most successful film is Gandhi, narrating Mahatma Gandhi with eight Oscars.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough began his career in Britain in theatre and film, appearing for two years in the original composition of Agatha Christie's play The Mousetrap.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

In 1959, Attenborough, with Bryan Forbes, founded Beaver Films, for which Attenborough produced some films.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

His first Hollywood film was The Great Escape Trip (1963) and his first directorial work for Oi!


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

What a Wonderful War (1969).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Finally, in 1982, Gandhi, designed by Attenborough for some 20 years, appeared, for which Attenborough was awarded the Best Directing Oscar.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Even after Gandhi, many of Attenborough's directorships were biography films, and in addition he returned to still acting in Jurassic Park and its sequel.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Adolescent Richard Attenborough was born in 1923 in Cambridge to Frederick and Mary Attenborough.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Richard was the eldest of three children in the family.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

His younger brother David became a well-known biologist and documentarian and John a leading figure in the automotive industry.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[2] When Richard was nine years old, the family moved to Leicester, where Frederick's father began working as Principal of University College Leicester.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] The mother of the family was socially active: during the Spanish Civil War she chaired the committee that handled the evacuation of Basque children, and was involved in the march protesting the bombing of Guernica.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

At the start of World War II, Attenborough took two Jewish girls into their home, where they lived for eight years.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] Richard did not aspire to an academic career, unlike his brothers, but he was interested in acting at a young age.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

He decided, in his own words, to become an actor after witnessing Charles Chaplin's Gold Fever in 1935.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[2] Career Beginning a career as a student Attenborough first exhibited at Leicester's Little Theatre and was admitted in 1941 to study at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

During his time as a student, Attenborough made his film debut in the film The Sea Is Our Fate (1942).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] The same year she appeared at the West End Theatre in Clifford Odets's play Awake and Sing!.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[2] Attenborough's breakthrough was in the 1943 theatre adaptation of Graham Greene's play Brighton Rock, where he played Pinkie Brown, a young and vicious Catholic gangster.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

It was written in the New Statesman that Attenborough deserved to be made famous for his role “overnight.”


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough still joined the British Air Force during 1943.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] There he was assigned to the film production unit, in the film Journey Together made by which he also starred.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] In theatre and film After his discharge from the Air Force, Attenborough starred in 1946 as a soldier in the films Question of Life and Death and School for Secrets.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Son of a Smuggler (1947) was one of Attenborough's few costume dramas.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

After that, she returned to the role of Pinkie Brown in the film version of Brighton Rock Harder than Stone.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough still played other teenage roles in the late 1940s, although in film The Guinea Pig, for example, the 25-year-old Attenborough was hard to believe as a 15-year-old student.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] Attenborough performed in both theatre and film in the 1950s.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

He scored a neurotic role at the theatre in 1949, as a mind-shaken soldier in Arthur Laurents' play Home of the Brave.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

In the West End, starting in November 1950, she starred in the farce To Dorothy a Son, which has been spinning for more than a year.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough was also a member of the original line-up of The Mousetrap, which premiered Agatha Christie in 1952.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] He was attached to the play for two years.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] Along with theatrical performances, he also starred in films and did roles in films such as Operation Normandy (1952) and Ship Died of Shame (1955).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

In the mid-1950s, Attenborough starred in a few satirical films by the Boulting brothers attacking British social institutions.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] With his own production company and a place out of Hollywood Attenborough's 1950s film roles largely began to repeat themselves.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Disillusioned with the direction of his career, he reached out to his old friend Bryan Forbes, whose career was also pedalling in place.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

They started their own production company, Beaver Films, in 1959.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Forbes scripted it for the first film Angry Silence, starring Attenborough.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Made for just under £100,000, the film was timely about the influence of trade unions.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Beaver Films' subsequent films weren't as impressive.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough starred in films including Bank Robbers Club and Behind Locked Doors, as well as producing the films Innocents and Concealed Love.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Behind locked doors remained Beaver Films' last production.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

The people distributing the films didn't like it, which is why it was only disseminated in a fragmented way.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

This forced Beaver Films to go out of business.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] Attenborugh already had an idea in the early 1960s for a film about Mahatma Gandhi.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

However, she did not get funding for it, so decided to continue to focus on her career as an actress and accept offers from Hollywood.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough's first Hollywood film was the very successful Great Escape Excursion (1963).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

His next films in the United States, namely Desert Flight (1965), Gunboat on the Yangtze River (1966) and Doctor Dolittle (1967), were not quite as successful.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough's most impressive role since the film Harder than the Stone was as serial killer John Christie in the film The Rillington Strangler (1971).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] For the 1966 film Gunboat on the Yangtze River, he received the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

From his first directing to his Gandhi success, Attenborough was given the chance in 1969 to direct his first film when John Mills asked him to do a film version of Joan Littlewood's play.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough's Oi!


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

What a wonderful war prospered both artistically and financially.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

It was a promising start for the fledgling director, but his next films The Young Adventurer (1972), about a young Winston Churchill, and the war spectacle One Bridge Too Many failed to live up to the expectations caused by the first film.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough also pursued an acting career in the 1970s, appearing in the film Chess Players by Indian Satyajit Ray, among others.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] Attenborough finally managed in the early 1980s to realise his long dream of a film about Gandhi.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

He eventually produced his film himself, as Hollywood producers did not believe the film would garner an audience.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Among other things, he mortgaged his London house and sold works of art he owned.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[2] Recommended by Gandhi, the National Film Company of India ultimately invested a third of the film's $22 million budget into the film.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] No one thought the massive film would even make it into its own, but its return in theaters eventually exceeded 20 times its budget.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[2] Gandhi received eight Academy Awards, or more than any British film before.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough himself received the Best Film Oscar as its producer and the award for Best Directing.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

In addition, for example, lead actor Ben Kingsley was awarded for Best Actor.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] In the final years after Gandhi, Attenborough directed another theatrical film, a Broadway adaptation of Chorus Line (1985).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough's attempt to bring a Broadway musical to the big screen, however, was unsuccessful.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

However, he testified with the film Shout for Freedom (1987), which told the story of the friendship between South African freedom fighter Steve Biko and Caucasian journalist Donald Woods, that he was at home working on biography films.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough sought to make a film about philosopher Thomas Paine, but after that project fell, he directed the film from his second prequel.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] In Chaplin, which appeared in 1992, the title part was played by Robert Downey Jr.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[3] After Chaplin, Attenborough continued to work on biographies, Lands of Shadows (1993) narrated by C.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

On the friendship between S. Lewis and Joy Davidman.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

That same year, Attenborough returned to the big screen after 13 years as an actor when Steven Spielberg's Jurassic Park premiered.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

He also reprised his role in its sequel The Lost World — Jurassic Park (1997).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] There were also films directed by Attenborough in the 1990s about young Ernest Hemingway in War and Love (1996) and about conservationist Archie Belaney about Love in the Wilderness (1999).


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

His final film was the love story Closing the Ring, released in December 2007.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

[4] Attenborough served as Chairman of the Board of Trustees of RADA, BAFTA, the Gandhi Foundation, the British National School of Film and Television (NFTS) and Capital Radio, among others, and as Chancellor of the University of Sussex.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

He was also honorary chairman of Chelsea FC.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Titles Attenborough was awarded the rank of Commander of the British Empire (CBE) in 1969.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

The rank of knighthood he received in 1976.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

In 1993, Attenborough was awarded a lifetime principal rank and became Baron Attenborough of Richmond upon Thames.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Family Attenborough was married to Sheila Sim since 1945.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

The family included three children.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

His eldest daughter Jane Holland, his daughter and mother-in-law died in the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Attenborough's brother is renowned BBC nature documentaries maker David Attenborough.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

A third brother, John Attenborough, has forged a career as a car dealer.


Question: When was Richard Attenborough born?

Richard Attenborough

Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:British film directors Category:British film producers Category:English actors Category:Best Directing Academy Award winners Category:Golden Globe Award recipients Category:BAFTA Award winners Category:People born in 1923 Class:Those who died in 2014 Category:Key articles in screening


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Kerstin Lillemor Ekman (o.s. Hjorth, born 27 August 1933 in Risinge, Finspång) [1] is a Swedish writer.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Ekman studied literary history, Nordic languages and German at Uppsala University, graduating in 1957.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

He started out as a detective writer, and the firstborn novel appeared in 1959.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

He later moved on to social and psychological themes.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Ekman has also written film and opera scripts.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

[2] Ekman was elected to the Swedish Academy as the third woman in 1978, but she stopped acting at the academy in 1989 because, in her view, it did not support enough fatwa death row recipient Salman Rushdie with her prestige of Nobel Prize in Literature.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

[3] However, Ekman is, according to academy rules, a nominal member for the rest of his life.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

The book Happened by the Water (1993) was awarded the Nordic Council Literature Prize.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

[4] Ekman has received the Swedish August Prize in 1993 and 2003.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

[5] Works 30 meter mord, 1959 (30 meters murder, 1960) Han rör på sig, 1960 Kalla famnen, 1960 De tre små mästarna, 1961 (Three Little Masters, 1963) Den brinnande ugnen, 1962 Dödsklockan, 1963 Pukehornet, 1967 Menedarna, 1970 Mörker och blåbärsris, 1972 Häxringarna, 1974 (Vicious Circles, 1975) Springkällan, 1976 (Source of Life, 1977) Änglahuset, 1979 (Enkel House, 1980) En stad av ljus, 1983 (City of Light, 1985) Mine Herrar..., 1986 Hunden, 1986 Rövarna i Skuleskogen, 1988 Knivkastarens kvinna, 1990 Händelser vid vatd ten, 1993 ( Happened by the water, 1994) Rätten att häda, 1994 Gör mig levande igen, 1996 (Wake me alive, 1998) Guds barmhärtighet, 1999 (The Lord's Grace, 2002) Urminnes tecken, 2000 (Mark of Memorable, 2001) Sista rompan, 2002 (Last Uitto, 2004) Skraplotter, 2003 (Scratch Cards, 2005) Herrarna i skogen, 2007 Mordets praktik, novel, 2009 Se blomman, essay collection, 2011 Grand final i skojarbranschen, novel, 2011 Jorun orm i öga (opera libretto) 2013 Grand final i skojarbranschen (Paraat of impostors</i>i 2014) Completed works 30 metres murder Detective novel.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

swampland. R. Terhomaa.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

(Lightning Series 79).


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Three Little Masters: A Detective Novel.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

swampland. Marja Tuovinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Gummerus: Gummerus, 1963.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

(Lightning Series 113).


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Vicious circles.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

swampland. Elvi Sinervo.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Jummerus: Gummerus, 1975.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

ISBN 951-20-1102-6 Source of Life.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

</i>Suom.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Elvi Sinervo and Alice Ryömä.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Jummerus: Gummerus, 1977.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

ISBN 951-20-1434-3 House of Angels.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

swampland. Alice Crawl.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Gummerus: Gummerus, 1980.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

ISBN 951-20-1998-1 City of Light.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

swampland. Alice Crawl.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Jyväskylä: Gummerus, 1985 ISBN 951-20-2574-4 Happened by the water.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Oili Suominen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: Otava, 1994.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

ISBN 951-1-13319-5 Bring me to life.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: January, 1998 ISBN 951-31-0992-5 Memorable mark.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: January, 2001 ISBN 951-31-2109-7 Sudentalja trilogy: Sudentalja 1: The Lord's Grace.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: January, 2002 (Yellow Library 339) ISBN 951-31-1731-6 Sudentalja.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

2: Last swim.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: January, 2004 (Yellow Library 356) ISBN 951-31-2678-1 Sudentalja 3: Scratchcards.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: Jan., 2005 (Yellow Library 363) ISBN 951-31-2977-2 Parade of cheats.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Translated by Pirkko Talvio-Jaatinen.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsinki: January, 2014 (Yellow Library 451) ISBN 978-951-31-7010-3 (KV), ISBN 978-951-31-7010-3 Prizes August Prize 1993 Happened by the Water 2003 Scratchcards Nordic Council Literature Prize 1994 Happened by the Water Pilot Prize 1995 Sources Literature Foreign contemporary narrators 1.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Edited by Ritva Aarnio and Ismo Loivamaa.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

BTJ Library Service, 1998.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Favorite foreign authors.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Edited by Ismo Loivamaa.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

BTJ Cost, 2007.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

On topic elsewhere Timo Hämäläinen:.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Helsingin Sanomat 21.7.2002.


Question: Who was Neville Goddard?

Kerstin Ekman

Category:Swedish fantasy writers Category:Swedish writers Category:Nordic Council Literature Prize Laureates Category:Swedish Academy Members Category:People born in 1933 Category:Living persons


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

Poseidon was in Greek mythology the god of the sea.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

In Rome, the corresponding god was Neptune.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

Poseidon was the son of the Titans Kronos and Rhea.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

When Poseidon and his brothers Zeus and Hades rolled the dice out of the universe, Poseidon fell to Poseidon the supremacy of the seas.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

Poseidon received a triceps as a gift from the Cyclops, with which he, according to the Greeks, caused earthquakes.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

He was quite a violent god, and several of his sons inherited their father's character.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

He was also known as the Lord of Horses.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

Poseidon was believed to be living at the bottom of the Aegean Sea in a magnificent palace.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

From there he was believed to be disembarking in a carriage drawn by seahorses.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

He had a wife Amfitrite, but like Zeus, he seduced many other women, including Medusa.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

His symbols include a triceps, a horse and a dolphin.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

The Isthmian Games were celebrated in his honour.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

When Odysseus punctured the eye from Cyclops Polyphemos, who was the son of Poseidon, the angered god of the sea sank Odysseus' ship.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

In popular culture, in the Percy Jackson book series written by Rick Riordan, Percy is the son of Poseidon.


Question: What is the god of Poseidon?

Poseidon

On topic elsewhere Category:Ancient Greek Gods Category:Key articles of screening Category:Gods of the Sea


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Tennis is a racket game played by two players (singles) or two two-person teams (doubles) in which players (or teams) separated by a net strike a hollow felt-covered ball from side to side of the net using a racket.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The current game of tennis was developed in England in the mid-19th century.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

[1] The species first spread in English-speaking countries, especially among the upper class.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Today, tennis is an Olympic sport estimated to have around 50 million enthusiasts worldwide.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Tennis is also a popular bench sport: professional level Grand Slam tournaments in particular garner high ratings.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are four of these tournaments around the world and each year they gather the best tennis players.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Doubles and doubles are played in the same tournaments, so a player can choose to participate in singles and doubles of the same tournament.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Tennis also involves a number of rules that have changed over the years.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Known as the best tennis players through the ages on the men's side include Roger Federer, Pete Sampras, Andre Agassi, John McEnroe, Rod Laver, Ivan Lendl, Jimmy Connors, Bjorn Borg, Rafael Nadal and Novak Đoković and on the women's side including Chris Evert, Martina Navrátilová, Margaret Smith Court, Serena Williams and Steffi Graf.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Tennis Court Tennis is played on a 23.77 metres (78 ft) long and singles 8.23 metres (27 ft) wide court.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

When playing a four-player game, it has a width of 10.97 metres (36 feet).


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The longer side of the field is divided into two equal parts by a net that is 1.07 meters (three feet and six inches) high at the net posts and 91.4 centimeters (three feet) high at the center.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are three basic types of tennis courts: a hard-bottomed court, a grass court, and a mass court.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Hard-based fields include concrete-based, asphalt-based, artificial turf based, and wood-based fields for exercise halls.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The grass field is grassland, and the base material of the mass field consists of crushed shale, stone, or brick.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The mass field is a slow platform on which excellent competence in all aspects of tennis is required to succeed.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In a grass field, the bounce of the ball is extremely low, making down-threaded strokes difficult to recover.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Hard bases are faster, giving a higher bounce of the ball and greater importance of the pass.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The grass field is the fastest platform where the pitch is the main subdivision and the pitch to the net directly from the pass is more common than in other field types.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

By mass, the ball rallies are significantly longer than on other platforms.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Of the Grand Slam tournaments, the French Open will be played on mass, Wimbledon on turf and the US Open, as well as the Australian Open on hard platforms.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Other tournaments are also played almost invariably on one of these courts, such as the Rome Tennis Tournament on Mass and the Cincinnati Tennis Tournament on hard ground.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are also some tournaments played on the carpet.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

[2] Racket and Ball A tennis ball is a felt-covered rubber ball with a diameter of about 7 centimeters and a mass of about 60 grams.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The ball was originally white, but as it did not stand out very well on the black and white TV, the colour was changed to yellow.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The tennis racket has an oval-shaped mesh section with cross-running tendons.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The tension of the horizontal and vertical tendons is a significant issue in terms of stroking.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Match Match Composition A match is a game in tennis that lasts from the first ball to victory, forfeit or disqualification of the match ball by the second player.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The match is won by the player who first has won a pre-agreed number, two or three rounds.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In the former case, the often practical term 'best of three' is used for the manner of winning a match and in the latter 'best of five' terms to indicate the maximum number of rounds needed to win a match.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Items consist of games.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The game score is calculated so that whoever wins one ball has 15 points, the winner of two balls has 30, and the winner of three balls has 40 points.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

However, if the game progresses to 40—40, it is said the game is tied.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In this case, the player who wins the next ball gains an advantage for himself, after which must win the next ball to win the game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If a player loses the ball, he loses the advantage, and the score is again tied at 40—40.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If a pitching player loses advantage to a pass recipient in a 40—40 situation, a break ball is involved.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A batch is won by the player who first wins six games with a difference of at least two games.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

However, if both players have won five games in a round, not only the sixth but also the seventh won game is required to win the round.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If both players have time to win six games, solve the round using the tie-breaker method.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In a tie-break, the balls won are counted.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Whichever wins seven balls first with a difference of at least two balls wins the tie-break and at the same time the round.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If one receives a seventh ball, or a point, and the other has six points, the tie-break will continue until the necessary two won balls, i.e. two points, has arisen.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In the tie-breaker, both pitch alternately twice except for the first pitch inning, allowing whoever starts the tie-break to pitch only once.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The tie-breaker method was developed by Jim Van Allens.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

He created it to shorten the match.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In Grand Slam tournaments, the decisive final round of the match is played however without a tie-break rule so long until one has won two more games, meaning it is a so-called long set.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

As an exception to this, even the final round at the United States Open Tennis Championships (New York) is settled by the tie-break rule, as US television has so demanded.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The other three major tournaments are the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament (Wimbledon), French Open (Paris) and Australian Open (Melbourne) Tennis Championships.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Beats Punching is in tennis the contact of the bat with the ball.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are many punches to be struck in different ways and with different threads.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A pass is a punch in tennis that starts a playable ball.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In a pass, the ball is thrown into the air and struck in a cross into the opponent's feed box.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

It is permissible to enter two passes, which allows for a harder attempt at the first time.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

When two passes fail, the question has a double foul, giving the opponent a point.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are many types of feedings.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Losing your own pitch shift brings the opponent a breach and holding a pass is easier overall than breaking.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Because of this, losing even one pass can solve the whole lot.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

An ace refers to a pass entered in such a way that the opponent does not manage to hit the ball at all, but goes straight as a through pass.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A good pass is important on the platform than on the platform, though on turf the most important, as hard passes are harder to return than slow passes.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Most commonly, a player's first pitch is hard and the second pitch quieter, but very threaded, as it is not very easy to return a threaded ball either.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are several terms associated with the pitch, which include: Ace, which refers to a successful pass that goes to the corner or center in general and from there through the opponent without touching the ball.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A big pass is a powerful pass that's hard to recover.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Breach, on the other hand, is a game where a pitcher loses a game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Breaking ball refers to when the person receiving the pass wins the game if he wins the last, deciding ball.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A foul means hitting the ball into the net or outside the feed box, or punching past.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In a double error, the pitcher pitches twice into the net or outside the pitch screen or punches past two times and the receiver wins the point.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A foot foul means stepping into the boundary line or playing area before hitting the ball on a pass.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A pass hold is a game won by a pitcher.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A new pass comes if on the pass the ball hits the net tape, but goes to the receiver's feed box.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In this case, the pitcher receives a new pitch, whether it's the first or second pitch.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Palm batting is a punch in right-handed players that they hit from the right side of their body and left-handers from their left.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The palm beat can be struck straight, bottom threaded, top threaded, or side-threaded, depending on the location.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Pancho Segura, who played later in the 1940s, is probably even more famous for his legendary two-handed palm beat.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Of modern players, the palm of two hands is struck by Fabrice Santoro, for example.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Former top palm hitters included Swede Bjorn Borg and US Jim Courier.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

These days, the best palm hitters are, for example, Swiss Roger Federer and Spaniard Rafael Nadal.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The backhand is the opposite of a palm punch.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

It is a punch hit by a right-hander from his left side and a left-hander from his right side.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The knuckle can be struck with either one or two hands, but the two-handed knuckle is a little more common in men especially.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Women, on the other hand, most commonly have a one-handed backhand.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The knuckle can be struck with multiple threads, which are side twist, bottom thread, top thread, or threadless, straight beat.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

With two hands, their backhand beats such as Rafael Nadal and Andy Roddick and, with one hand, Roger Federer and Fernando Gonzalez, for example.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Of the former players, for example, Michael Chang slammed his backhand with two hands.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A flyer game is a game that includes fly strokes, a strike punch, a stop punch, and a pitch-flight punch game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Those beats are most commonly struck from the net, although for example the bounce stroke and stopgap punch (stopper) are also often struck from elsewhere in the field.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Flight beats are struck with a sub-thread like a stop beat.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Flight strokes are struck from the palm or knuckle.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

An override refers to an event when a player gets on the net and the opponent manages to knock a player on the net from the left or right side past this so that the player in the net cannot get his racket between them.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

A punch punch is a punch from above the head after a high but too short punch by an opponent that can occur directly or through a bounce.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The punch punch is struck somewhat in the same style as the pitch.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Assist-flight batting is a game in which a player pitches and runs after his pass into the net to play a fly game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The hot shot name is used for strokes not normally used in the game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Such are situations when a player is in the net and gets overrun.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

He runs after the ball and knocks it backwards from between his legs.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

You can do the same thing going forward.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Also an event when, for example, a right-handed player puts his bat behind his back and puts it there on the left side and punches.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Also, hitting over the shoulders to beat backwards is kind of a hot shot.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The Rules of Tennis involves a number of different rules relating to things such as field, points count, standard equipment, and various errors such as foot error and wrong pass.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The field must be in the shape of a rectangle, and the center with a mesh divided in half.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The mesh must be stretched so that it completely fills the space between the grid posts.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Nor should the ball fit into going through the net.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

At the top of the mesh must be a mesh tape covering the metal wire.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The network tensioner, as well as the mesh tape, must be completely white.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The diameter of the rope or wire must not exceed 0.8 cm, and the width of the tensioner should not exceed 5.0 cm.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The mesh tape must extend between 5 and 6.35 centimeters on both sides of the mesh.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In a two-player game, a singles network must be used, in which case the middle of the net posts must be 0.914 metres outside the singles limits.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Similarly, in a doubles network, the grid must be supported by two singles sticks with a height of 1.07 metres and the centre must be 0.914 metres outside the singles limits on both sides.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The names of the boundaries at the ends of the field are the rear borders and the sidelines on the sides.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The maximum width on the side of the singles stick is 7.5 centimeters.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The width or diameter of the net post shall not exceed 15 centimeters, and the net posts and singles sticks in question shall receive a maximum of 2.5 centimeters over the top edge of the net.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The pass should be cross and the foot should not go to the wrong side of the center mark when feeding.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

When feeding, the middle and middle border should be no more than five centimeters wide.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The feed limit is a limit of 6.4 meters from the grid, of which there is one on both sides.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The pass should take place in such a way that the player entering before the pitch must be positioned so that both his legs are behind the back line between the side line and the extensions of the center mark.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

When a pitcher throws the ball into the air, it is up to him to hit the ball before it touches the ground for the pitch to be accepted.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If he punches past the ball, you still count the point.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

You're allowed to throw the ball in any direction.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If the player is only able to use one hand, he can feed the ball into the air with the bat.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If a pitcher throws a bad throw has the right to take the ball in his hand and throw again without losing that pass.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

There are also several standard equipment associated with tennis, which are side and back walls or fences, as well as, for example, grandstands, the crowd and their seats, as well as various referees, which include the head judge, net judge and line judges, as well as ball boys giving balls to players.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Other standard features include mesh balusters, singles cues, as well as the off-grid part of the singles cues.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Balls are a significant part of tennis and must meet the requirements of the Tennis Federation.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The tennis federation either approves or rejects balls.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In competitive match, six balls are most often used, but two, three or four balls may also be used.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Most often, there is also the practice of changing balls, which occurs first after seven games played and onwards all the way after nine games played.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The ITF accepts or rejects balls used in competitions created by STLN.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The International Tennis Federation also decides whether rackets are acceptable or discarded.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

By the way, the same rules apply to the evaluation as when choosing balls.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The batting surface of the bat must contain only one set of tendons.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

You can put vibration dampers on the bat, which are supposed to be put on the outside of the intersecting tendons.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

If, for example, a tendon breaks on the bat, the point will still be played out unless it is specifically banned in the tournament.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

After the point played, the player has the right to change a new racket.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

[2] History Tennis can be compared to a game called “sphairistike” played in ancient Greece.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Major Walter Wingfield borrowed this Greek name after creating the modern equivalent of the Greek game, which he patented in 1874.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The game eventually came to be referred to as “lawn tennis”, or “turf tennis”, which was another name patented by Wingfield.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The genesis of the current sports format can be traced back to two sources.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1856, lawyer Alex Ryden and his friend, Portuguese Batista Pereira were playing a game in Birmingham, England, which they named after the Spanish game pelota.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1872, the men moved to the town of Leamington Spa and played a game with one of the hospital's doctors.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Pereira and doctors Frederick Haynes and A. Wellesley Tomkins founded the first turf tennis club.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1874 they founded the Leamington Tennis Club, which defined the first rules of the game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

On 23 July 1884, a paper reported on one of the first tennis tournaments on the Shrubland Hall court.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In December 1873, Major Walter Clopton Wingfield created a similar game in Nantclwyd, Wales, to the delight of his guests and as a circuit for garden parties.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

[1] His game was based on an older game of indoor tennis, jeu de paumen, which had been invented in 12th century France and had been played by French aristocrats.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

According to most tennis historians, much of modern tennis terminology is inherited from this period, because Wingfield borrowed not only the game but also much of the vocabulary of the French game.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

For example, the word “tennis” derives from the French word tenez, an imperative form of the verb tenir, to hold.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The game's commercial potential was obvious, so Wingfield patented it in 1874.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

However, the patent was of little benefit to Wingfield.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Tennis spread rapidly among the upper classes in Britain and the United States.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Reportedly the first match in the United States was played on Staten Island in 1874.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1881, a desire for a more competitive playing of tennis had sprung up, so tennis clubs were established.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The first championships were held at Wimbledon, London, 9—19.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

July 1877.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

That Wimbledon final was won by Spencer William Gore, who defeated Marshall in the final by scores of 6—1, 6—2 and 6—4.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

At the time, there were about 800 spectators.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Today, spectators can accommodate around 15000 in the central field.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The women's first singles at Wimbledon was played in 1884, when the first men's doubles were also played.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The first women's doubles and mixed doubles were played in 1913.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In the same year the International Tennis Federation was also founded.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1881, the United States Tennis Federation was created to standardize the rules of the game and hold competitions.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The first US Open was held that year in Newport, Rhode Island.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In 1887, the first U.S. Women's Championships were held.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The Davis Cup had its start in 1900.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The detailed so-called, published in 1924. The ILTF rules proved to be long-lived.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The most notable change to them over the next 80 years was James Van Alen's tie-breaker system.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

[3] Tennis was originally an Anglo-American game and was dominated by Australia in addition to the United States and Britain.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

In France, too, it was popular.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The French Open was first held in 1891.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

The Australian Open got its start in 1905.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Those two tournaments, with Wimbledon and the US Open, emerged as tennis's most valuable tournaments, making up the so-called Grand Slam.


Question: In what year is tennis invented?

Tennis

Winning these four tournaments is highly valued among tennis players.