Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The operation was fully in line with the contract with the crofter.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Under it, the estate had the right to take possession of the croft without any compensation whatsoever.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Crofter Matti Uusi Majamaa asked to stay until the following summer, but Wirzén did not agree to this, but insisted that the family leave immediately.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

He also ordered the grain threshing that took place in riihe to be stopped, because, according to him, it now belonged to the estate.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, the talkoovfolk continued to work, whereupon Wirzén pushed his gun through the door of the riihe and announced that he would shoot unless threshing was stopped.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, Matti Mattila, a crofter boy who was standing in the doormouth, grabbed the barrel of the gun and twisted it away from Wirzén's hand.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Next, men rushed out of the dark riiha, who attacked Wirzén and beat them with their steals.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

After Wirzén's entourage fled to the nearby Old Majamaa croft, the house people continued their work and began celebrating in the evening when, in addition to the domestication offered by the croft, they also had at their disposal the lunches left over from the evictors.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

They included, among other things, coffee and a barrel of liquor, which was emptied by the Talkooans during the evening.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Wirzén returned carefully to New Majama the next morning, where there was only one Talkooist lying passed out in front of the riihen.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Soon, however, a house crowd arrived at the scene, who, under threat, ordered the evictors to leave.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Eerola croft incident A week after the attempted eviction of New Majamaa, Kiika's titular man Philemon Gallén went to the northern parts of the keeper to carry out the viewing and measurement of the crofts.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

This was a task imposed by the Senate and conveyed by the Governor of Turku and Pori County, Lars Gabriel von Haartman, to the crown vouti Gustaf Hästesko.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

This in turn gave it to Gallén, who could hardly afford to choose his entourage, but had to include those who agreed to leave.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Therefore, the same men who had visited New Majamaa a week earlier were selected.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

They included the Wirzén brothers, Antti Setälä, bridge vouti Heikki Enegren and seven other men.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] During the week, information about the events of New Majamaa spread throughout the Upper Satakunta region.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

At the same time, rumours circulated that all crofters in Kulsunmaa would be evicted, with the help of Crown officials, in retaliation for the defeat suffered by the apothecary.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, evicting all crofters was not the intention of the owners of Ruotsila, since the success of the estate nevertheless depended on their labour.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

To resist the evictions they feared, crofters had assembled over the course of the week to organise a contingent of hundreds of men preparing to fight the evictors by croft croft.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] By embarking on the journey, Gallén's entourage was largely at the mercy of crofters.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The roads were bad and occasionally had to cross waterways, at which point they had to rely on the help of locals.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Breaks were also taken in the croft and one also had to file foreclosure due to tax arrears.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Due to the events of the previous week and the rumours that spread around the region, their reception was not favourable.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

After crossing Kiikoisjärvi by boat, the troupe stayed at Mäkipää croft and headed for the deep nowhere in the morning towards Eerola croft.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Dozens of men armed with guns and manholes passed ahead of them, prompting Gallén's force to come back.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Even more men were gathered in the yard of Eerola's croft, and more were arriving at the scene all the time.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Gallén read the order of the lord in the courtyard and explained why he had come.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

After this, Gallén ordered the boarder and the bridge voud to measure the croft buildings and went inside himself to meet the crofter Antti Eerola.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Surprisingly, he informed Gallén that certain guests have no business in Snoring Land, since the Governorate has given permission to drive them away if necessary, even by force.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Gallén, for his part, tried to explain that it was not an eviction and warned the crofters gathered at Eerola of the consequences as well.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The mood eventually formed so pressing that the titular man decided to interrupt the delivery and exited with his men back to Kiika.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] The Governor's Measures In his report to Kruununvouti Hästesko and Landlord von Haartman, he estimated that there were as many as hundreds of men in the yard of Eerola and listed the names of the 35 he identified.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Gallén also asked the land lord to take measures against the rebels due to the increasingly tense situation.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

He was himself in a very awkward situation, since the management of the office required the trust of the local population, however.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Kronununvouti proposed to the governorate that soldiers be sent to Kulsumaa.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, this did not inspire Haartman, who was struggling for Finnish autonomy, as relying on a Russian military patrol would give Emperor Nicholas I, who is clammy about autonomy, a poor image of the Finnish authorities' abilities to carry out their duties.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

It might even give an excuse to interfere with Finnish autonomy, for example, Poland's autonomous status had been abolished somewhat earlier due to peasant revolts.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Haartman decided to refuse the deployment of military forces and instead ordered the Crown Voud to travel to Snoring Country himself to clarify the situation and calm the crofters.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

In addition, the Governor directed the Judiciary Judge to conduct an impartial investigation into the matter.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, Haartman considered the matter serious enough to inform the Governor-General's office in Helsinki.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Work on the crofter revolt began at the Tyrva September district later in November 1836.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Judicial proceedings The Kulsumaa crofter revolt was first dealt with in the September district of Tyrva's betrothal on 19 November 1836, when Judge Carl Reinhold Mellin connected the events of Uusi Majamaa and Eerola in the same court case.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The Nominee Gallén had identified 35 crofters in Eerola, which were challenged to the districts, but it was only managed to deliver it to a few.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

When none of them showed up either, the magistrate ordered the crofters to be subpoenaed to the additional tribunals to be held in a month, where they were to be brought by force of authority if necessary.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, the titular man Gallén considered importing the rebels to be an impossible task and asked Crown Vouti Hästeskko for additional forces.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

This turned to Governor Haartman and again suggested inviting Russian military personnel.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, Haartman still refused and ordered Gallén to get along with the help of bridge vouchers and bailiffs from Tyrva's engagement.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] When the extra litigation began on 19 December, only a few defendants had been brought in.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

None of them confessed to doing anything illegal, but claimed to have come to Eerola's croft by chance or out of sheer curiosity.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

In turn, Academy vouti Carl Adolf Björkbom, who served as defence lawyer, made allegations against the hosts in Sweden.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Björkbom demanded that they be held liable for an illegal eviction attempt when the owners of Ruotsila had dismissed Riitta Tuomaandaughter, the crofter's widow, the previous autumn.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The croft had for years been cared for by the late crofter's son, Matti, who, according to the lawyer, could have been legally terminated and by no means his elderly mother, who was unrelated to the croft's hold.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, it was still decided to postpone the case when none of the most prominent figures of the rebellion were present, and it was next ordered to be heard at the Spring Trials in April 1837.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Initially, the incident in New Majamaa was dealt with by Spring Fires.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

All the defendants who were present assured me they hadn't seen anything because it was a blur.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

On the other hand, Antti Setälä, who was present, testified that the men who beat the host of Sweden were crofter Juho Salo, former lampuot Matti Kesi and renki Taavetti Liisanpoika.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, they were all out of reach, so the judge adjourned the case further until the September District of 1837, where everyone was ordered, under threat of a fine, to appear.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] In September, the case of Eerola croft was initially dealt with.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The court found there was only evidence of noise and crowding, but that neither the titular man nor his companions had been assaulted.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Gallén, the titular man, was still trying to seek punishment for holding an unauthorised meeting of the people, to which the court did not agree to.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The judge said the titular man had unnecessarily interrupted the review at Eerola, but did not punish him.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The case brought by the owner of the Ruotsilan manor house was not processed because the perpetrators had still not been brought to the scene.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, the court allowed the host to file a new lawsuit, should they ever be reached.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The crofters, in turn, sought punishment for Wirzén through their attorney for having attempted to shoot them, but that charge too was dismissed when witnesses said the weapon was not operational.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The vexatious crofter revolt for the authorities had thus been dealt with without much attention.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] While the lawsuit was still pending, the Senate confirmed in February 1837 the allocation of Kuorsunmaa.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

Kiikanoja's nine crofts were located, according to the new interpretation of the Senate, on surplus land which instead of houses belonged to the Crown.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The decision marked the independence of crofters and the end of forced labour into the house as the Senate made them tax-paying new farms.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

The 30 crofts located around Lake Kuorsunmaa were instead left at Kiikanoja's houses.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

They also included Eerola and New Majamaa crofts.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

However, thanks to the crofter revolt, the eviction of the New Majamaa crofter was not successful.


Question: Why did the Snoring croft rebelling start?

Snoring crofter rebelling

[1] Sources Category:1836 Category:Revolts in Finland Category:Kiikka Category:Grand Duchy of Finland Category:History of Pirkanmaa


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Peloponnesian War was fought mainly between alliances led by Athens and Sparta between 431—404 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After the Persian Wars, Athenian power had grown tremendously, and other city-states feared that Athens would become too powerful.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Eventually war broke out between Sparta and Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Peloponnesian War was one of the turning points in ancient Greek history.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The war drew almost all Greek city-states with it, and an unprecedented number of people died during it.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

During the war, both sides also committed atrocities which had previously been spared.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The early phase of the war is usually referred to as the War of Arkhidamos, after the Spartan king Arkhidamos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In the early years of the war, Athens, led by Pericle, tried to avoid fighting.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Pericles, however, died of the plague that struck Athens in 430 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The first phase of the war ended in 421 BC, when the parties concluded the so-called Peace of Nikia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

until 415 BC, when the Athenians sent an expedition to Niciah under the direction of Sicily to assist their allies against Syracuse.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians' Sicilian war expedition failed when the Athenians were completely defeated by the Spartans' own expedition.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After the failure of the Sicilian war expedition, the Ionian cities under Athenian rule revolted, inspired by the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Persian Empire, too, began to assist Sparta after this.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Led by Alkibiadee, however, the Athenian fleet defeated the Spartan fleet, and by 406 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

by Athens had reclaimed most of its former kingdom.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The final turning point of the war was when the Spartan Lysandros regained control of Hellespontos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartan fleet completely destroyed the Athenians fleet in 405 BC, and Athens surrendered in 404 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The course of the Peloponnesian War was documented by historian Thukydides in his book The Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides served as a strategist, or warlord, during the war, but was removed from office after he had been unable to prevent the Spartans from taking Amphipolis.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides was himself present during more of the events of the early part of the war, and in other respects his book is based on eyewitness accounts.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides begins his book as follows: The war parties of the Delos Maritime Union, namely the Athenian Empire After the Persian Wars, some of the Greek city-states formed Athenian led by the Delos Maritime Union, whose members were to equip the union for the use of ships in common for defense and to secure Greece against the Persians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The union took its name from the island of Delos, on which the union's common treasury had been stored.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Over time, union members began paying the union money in lieu of equipping ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the start of the Peloponnesian War, apart from Athens, only Khios and Lesbos maintained their own fleets.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 454 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

the funds of the union were also transferred to Athens, which was clearly the strongest member of the union.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Over the next few decades, Athens took advantage of its leading position, interfering in the internal affairs of other members of the union.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The union is sometimes anachronistic referred to as the “Athenian Empire”.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[1] The Peloponnesian Federation in Greece's other leading city-state Sparta also had its own alliance, which included most of the cities in the Peloponnese.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The union also included Corinth and Thebes.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Although Sparta was clearly the strongest member of the union, all members had one vote in the union's decisions.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[2] The war forces of Sparta and its allies were, for the most part, infantry-oriented.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartan army was arguably the best-trained in Greece and much larger than Athenian.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Of the members of the Peloponnesian Federation, only Corinth had a significant fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

With their fleets, Athens and its allies were able to control the Aegean Sea and disrupt commerce between Sparta and its allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Because the parties in the war were so different, it was difficult for them to produce a decisive battle.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[2] War Background The Athenian-Spartan feud had begun as early as the so-called First Peloponnesian War of 460—445 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The reasons for the war are usually counted as Athens' arbitrary behaviour against Sparta's allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to Thukydidee, the main reason for the war was that Sparta feared the growing power of Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

There were many events leading up to the war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Corinth complained to its ally Sparta about Athens being involved in a dispute between it and Kerkyra (now Corfu).


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Kerkyra was a former colony of Corinth, and had in 435 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

started a dispute with his own colony Epidamnos (present-day Durrës in Albania).


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Corinthians intervened in the dispute, aiding the Epidamnosans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens, in turn, gave its support to Kerkyra.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

As Kerkyra had one of the largest fleets in the Greek world at the time, Corinth was concerned that the Athenian and Kerkyra fleets would collectively be too difficult a resistance to overcome.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[3] In 433 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians and Kerkyran fleets defeated the Corinthians at the Battle of Sybota and prevented Corinth from attacking Kerkyra.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Around the same time, Athens began besieging the Poteidaia Colonia on the Khalkidike Peninsula.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Poteidaia was once founded by Corinth, although it at that time was part of the Union of Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians feared that Poteidaia would revolt and draw other cities with them as well, and demanded, among other things, that the Poteidaians should tear down the walls of their city.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, to this the Poteidaians could not agree.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians decided that Poteidaia was compelled to submit to Athenian demands.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 432 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians began the siege of Poteidaia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After the Battle of Sybota and the Poteidaia Controversy, Corinth tried to persuade its allies, and especially Sparta, to declare war on Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the Spartans were reluctant to start a war because of these events.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[4] Year 433 BC


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

towards the end, Athens also placed Sparta's ally Megara under embargo because the Megarans had cultivated land consecrated to Demeter.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In reality, the embargo was probably in retaliation for Megara having sent ships to Corinth's aid against Kerkyra.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens would also have wanted Megara to resign from her alliance with Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Megara was located namely in the western part of Attica, and the Peloponnesian army could easily attack Athens through it.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Megarans complained, of course, about Athenian behaviour to Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The inhabitants of the island of Aigina, near Athens, also complained to Sparta that the Athenians had deprived the island of its sovereignty by stationing their own garrison on the island.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[1] After hearing the Megarans' complaints, the Spartans sent envoys to Athens to demand that Athens end the embargo on Megara.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Pericles objected to this because Athens and Sparta had previously agreed that all disputes would be resolved through mediation.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans, on the other hand, could not agree to this and began a war against Athens and its allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides argues that the embargo on Megara was only a suitable pretext to start a war, and that in reality the reason was Sparta's fear of the growing power of Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[5] The beginning moment of the war is considered to be March 431 BCE, when 300 Thebans attempted to take Plataia by surprise attack.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The territory controlled by Plataia was located between Thebes and Megara, and prevented the Thebans from reaching their allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thebes and Plataia were, of course, old enemies, and the Thebans had long dreamed of the conquest of Plataia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A Plataian traitor allowed the Theban soldiers into his city, but the surprised Plataites were able to capture all the invaders and, in a fit of rage, killed them all.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The devious surprise attack by the Thebes and the brutal execution of prisoners of war by the Plataians was against the notion the Greeks had of warfare at the time.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[6] The course of war The Peloponnesian War can be divided into different phases: the Arkhidamos War (431—421 BCE.)


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Peace of Nicias (421—414 BCE)


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Union of Argos and Athens (419—418 BC)


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sicilian War Expedition (415—413 BC)


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Dekeleian or Ionian War (|413—404 BC)


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

War of Archidamos Athens and Sparta Plans Early in the war The plan of Pericle, an influential Athenian politician, was to evacuate the inhabitants of the rural Attica city walls that surrounded Athens and its port city of Piraeus today known as Themistoklee's walls to the shelter.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The cattle, on the other hand, would be sent to the island of Euboia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to Pericle's plan, Sparta would be in no position to defeat Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta's strategy was to invade Attica surrounding Athens under King Archidamos II and force the Athenians into a decisive battle.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Although the Spartans disposed of the environs of Athens in the first year of the war, no greater suffering was inflicted upon the city itself, as it could be serviced by sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Spartan troops would only be able to hold Attica for a short period of time before their food supplies would run out.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[7] However, Pericle's plan was not to the liking of all Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

When the Spartans plundered the Attica countryside, some Athenians, among whom Kleon was the loudest, began to accuse Pericle of cowardice.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the Spartans were unable to do any lasting damage.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Arkhidamos had also been against the war at first and hoped that the whole dispute could still be sorted out through negotiations.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to Pericle's strategy, Athens would win if it avoided larger battles.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[7] Before the war, Athens had gained control of Naupaktos, which was located north of the Gulf of Corinth.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians had inhabited Messenians hostile to Sparta there and might thence block Corinth's contacts facing west.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians decided to do just that and sent Formion with twenty ships to Naupaktos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Corinth and Sparta sent with their allies to Brasida and a fleet led by Knemos to defeat Formion, but this defeated the much larger fleet of the Peloponnesians at the Battle of Naupaktos in 429 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[8] Plague strikes Athens in the year 430 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the summer the plague spread to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to Thukydide, the plague spread from Egypt initially to the port city of Athens, Piraeus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

From there it spread to Athens itself, where most of the inhabitants of Attica had been stomped inside the walls in the escape of Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In such circumstances, the plague was probably easy to spread among the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

When the Athenians sent reinforcements to the siege of Poteidaia, the plague also spread among the besiegers.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The plague didn't hit as drastically the rest of Greece.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The pestilence killed one-third of the inhabitants of Athens, including Pericleen and his son.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The plague was a major blow to Athens, which lost a significant portion of its male power.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[9] The following year, the Spartans began besieging Plataia, under pressure from Thebes and perhaps because they did not want to attack plague-stricken Attica.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Plataians sent their women and children to evac Athens and left only 400 soldiers in the city itself, who could easily defend the city against overwhelming enemy forces.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 428 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athenian ally Mytilene on the island of Lesbos began to revolt, and soon the entire island except Methymna had settled behind Mytilene.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians immediately sent 40 ships to subdue the rebels.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, the Mytileneans sought help from Sparta, who decided to send a fleet of their own and those of their allies to the aid of Mytilene.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, the Spartans decided to make another attack on Attica


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the fleet was not completed in the same year.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians also failed to defeat Lesbo, but did get Mytilene surrounded by land and sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Mytileneans held their ground because they believed the Spartans would soon come to their aid.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[10] Year 427 BC


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the summer, the Spartan fleet under Alkida embarked on a voyage towards Lesbo.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkidas soon learned, however, that Mytilene had surrendered to the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In the same summer, the Plataians defending the city of Plataia also surrendered.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans sentenced them all to death.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians also decided to sentence the inhabitants of Mytilene to death, but they regretted their decision as early as the next day.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A ship sent to Mytilene quickly got there just before the verdict could be put into practice.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[11] With the death of Pericle, Athens had lost its distinct leadership figure.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A new more belligerent line began to be driven by Periclee's greatest opponent, Kleon.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athenian strategy became much more aggressive after this, and in 427 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athenian strategist Nikias captured the island of Minoa, from which the port of Megara could be blockaded.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[12] To counter the Empire, the Athenians made several attacks on the Peloponnese from the sea during the war, but these had hitherto failed to produce greater damage to Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to Demosthenee's plan, the Athenians fortified a small cape of Pylos in the Peloponnese in 425 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The intention was to make Pylos a base from which to conduct war expeditions against Sparta and where Helots tired of Spartan power might flee.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans in turn fortified the neighbouring island of Sfakteria, but they were trapped on the island after an Athenian fleet arriving on the scene defeated the Spartan fleet at the Battle of Pylos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Demosthenes and Kleon defeated the remaining Spartans at the Battle of Sfakteria and took prisoner 292 Spartan soldiers.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The prisoners of war were transported to Athens, where they were threatened with execution if Sparta still invaded Attica.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[13] After the victories of Pylos and Sfacteria, the Athenians' enthusiasm grew, and they decided to attack Sparta's allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The first target was Megara, where Democrats were poised to plunge from power the city's oligarchic leadership.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians' attack failed when the Spartan warlord Brasidas unexpectedly arrived on the scene with an army.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 424 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians made an attack on Boiotia, where they planned to fortify the Temple of Delion.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians' intention was to sever the land link between Sparta and its Boiotian allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athenian forces and the Boiotians led by Thebes clashed at the Battle of Delion.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians lost this battle, which is characterized by the philosopher Socrates taking part in it.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[14] Coinciding with the Battle of Delion, Brasidas led an army of allies and helotes through Thessaly to Khalkidike.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Brasidas received support from the Macedonian king Perdikkas II.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In Khalkidike, he occupied the Athenian Colony at Amphipolis, which included many silver mines.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A few other nearby towns also rebelled and sided with Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides, commander of the Athenian fleet who was nearby, was sent to prevent the takeover of Amphipolis, but he was unable to save the city.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

For this he was exiled from Athens, and toured Greece before beginning to write a book on the Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Shortly after the takeover of Amphipolis, war-burdened Athens and Sparta concluded peace for a year.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Immediately after the conclusion of the peace treaty, the Athenians sent an army under Kleon to recapture Amphipolis.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, Brasidas caught the Athenians by surprise and defeated them in the Battle of Amphipolis.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Kleon and Brasidas both died in the battle.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians who supported the continuation of the war lost their leadership figures with Kleon, and it was easy for those who wanted peace to persuade others to accept a peace treaty with Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans had already, after the defeat of Sfakteria, been ready for some kind of peace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[15] The Peace of Niciah between Athens and Sparta in 421 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The peace concluded is called the peace in Nikia, according to Nikia, the then leading figure in Athens and the greatest advocate of the peace treaty.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

According to the peace treaty, Spartan came to hand back Amfipolis to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Most important for Sparta was that the Spartan prisoners of war held by Athens were handed back.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens came in turn to hand back Sfakteria and Pylos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Plataia was ceded to Thebes by the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the Thebans feared that without the threat of Sparta, Athens would soon come to attack them.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens was in turn allowed to keep Megara's port city of Nisaian.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The peace deal infuriated Sparta's allies, who felt betrayed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Boiotia, Megara, Corinth and Elis did not agree to accept the deal at all.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[16] [17] Since the Spartans were unable to persuade their allies to accept peace in Niciah, they decided to try to conclude an alliance with Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Shortly after the acceptance of the peace treaty, Athens and Sparta still agreed on a joint defence alliance for five to ten years.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens also came to assist Sparta if the Heloths would revolt.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[17] [16] The alliance of Argos and Athens for Peace did not become long-lived, as neither side felt that the war had been resolved.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta's allies in particular were unhappy with the peace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In Athens, the leader of those who were pro-war now rose to Pericle's nephew Alkibiades, who intended to have Sparta defeated without war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[18] Argos, independent of Sparta, one of the largest cities in the Peloponnese, allied with Mantineia and tried to persuade Sparta's allies to rise in rebellion against Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Argos was a democracy like Athens, and they were seen as natural Athenian allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Democratic Elis also went along with the Argos alliance.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiadeen induced Athens into an alliance with Argos, thus gaining three allies in Sparta's home field, the Peloponnese.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, it was able to break the land link between Sparta and its main allies Corinth and Thebes.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta tried by all means to prevent the creation of the Union of Argos, but failed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Although the Athenians had already violated the peace in Niciah, no one wanted to return to the pre-peace situation.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[18] In 419 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Argos threatened to take over the small town of Epidauros.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartan forces were twice ready to attack Argos, but the omens were poor of them, and they turned back home.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, Sparta was able to assist Epidaurous by secretly sending 300 soldiers there.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians, in turn, reoccupied Pylos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 418 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans, with their allies, attacked Argos under the leadership of their young king Agis II.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans took Argos's troops completely by surprise.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Agis nevertheless agreed a truce with the Argosans, even though his troops had very good positions tactically.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Agis' decision not to attack caused a tantrum in Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Agista was accused of cowardice, and had little to depose him.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[19] The Argos were not happy with what happened either.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

With their allies, they took Orkhomenos and soon began attacking the city of Tegea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

If Argos had captured Tegea, it would have been able to block transport between Sparta and Messenia, which is important to the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Agis again had to march against Argos and its allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

It remained up to the Athenians whether to help their new allies or stick to their peace treaty with Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians chose their new democratic allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The troops faced off at the town of Mantineia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans, led by Agis, defeated the Argos and Athenian forces at the Battle of Mantineia, the largest battle of the Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After the Spartans defeated their opponents, they regained control of almost the entire Peloponnese.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans allowed the Athenian forces to withdraw after the battle without greater losses.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

With Argos, Sparta concluded a fifty-year peace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta-backed oligarchs attempted to capture power in Argos, but by 417 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

by the time the Democrats regained control of the city.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[20] [21] The takeover of Melos In 416 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians began the siege of Melos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Melos was the only one of the Aegeian islands who was not an ally of Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

It was initially inhabited by the Doorians, and may have supported Sparta in the early years of the war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Melos was overrun and experienced the same treatment when Skione, all male residents were killed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Women and children were sold into slavery.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[22] Sicilian War Expedition The Athenians decide to send a fleet to Sicily In 415 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians received a request for assistance from their Sicilian ally Segesta (also from Ege).


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Segestans wanted aid from Athens against their neighbouring city of Selinus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

They also sent money with which to equip 60 ships for a month.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Even earlier in the war, Athens had sent smaller fleets to Sicily to assist its allies there.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

As the main opponent in Sicily, Athens had Syracuse, which was the old colony of Corinth.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Nikias opposed sending the entire fleet and tried every way possible to prevent the fleet from leaving.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Nikiah felt that Athens should not get involved in another distant war while the real enemy, Sparta, had not yet been defeated.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Nikias soon discovered, however, that his words did not bite the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Eventually, he decided to change tactics and began arguing that the expedition being sent should be much bigger if it was desired that it would accomplish something.


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Peloponnese War

Nikias suggested that 100 ships and more than 5000 soldiers would be sent.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

He believed that the Athenians would not dare to send such a large fleet but would cancel the whole plan.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

To Niciah's dismay, the Athenians agreed to his proposal and also decided that Alkibiades, Nikias and a certain Lamakhos should be sent to lead the fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[23] Shortly before the fleet was ready to leave, an act that shocked the people took place in Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Someone desecrated the statues of the god Hermes that were in town.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Hermes was the god of journeymen, and the desecrators apparently wanted to inflict damage on the upcoming Sicilian expedition.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, there were also accusations that Alkibiades had taken part in the expenditure parodying the mysteries of Eleus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiadee's political enemies also accused him of desecrating Herme.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades responded to the accusations by saying he was immediately ready for trial.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, his opponents did not want to start proceedings until after the fleet had left because they knew Alkibiade was popular with soldiers.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Eventually the fleet left for Sicily, but in Athens the search for the culprits continued.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

It was soon decided to amend the law so that Athenian citizens could be tortured in order to impair the obtaining of evidence.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

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Some of the accused opted for exile, some were also executed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[24] Fleet arrives in Sicily The fleet initially sailed to Kerkyra, where it was to meet the fleets sent by the Allies.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

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In total, there were 134 ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

From Kerkyra, the fleet continued its journey to southern Italy.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In Italy, the Athenians had difficulty gaining allies, perhaps because they were frightened by the sight of Athens's vast fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Clearly the Athenians' intention was no longer just to help their allies, but to retake all of Sicily.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, the Athenians learned that Segesta could not afford to pay the amount he promised after all.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Nikias suggested that the fleet sail along the coast of Sicily, showing others the might of Athens in order to return home afterwards.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades, on the other hand, wanted the Athenians to try to bring about rebellions among the Sicilians and at the same time attack Syracuse and Selinus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The fleet continued its journey to Athenian ally Katane.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

While the fleet was in Katane, a message arrived ordering Alkibiade to return to Athens for trial.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades, however, made it on his way to Athens to escape and took shelter in Sparta, where he tried to persuade the Spartans to send their own expedition to Sicily.


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Peloponnese War

In Athens, Alkibiades was sentenced in absentia to death.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[25] Before the arrival of the Athenian fleet in Syracuse, it was feared that the fleet was directed against them.


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Peloponnese War

The Syracusan warlord Hermocrates suggested that Syracuse seek help from other Sicilian cities against Athens.


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Peloponnese War

He also suggested seeking help from Carthage, Syracuse's old enemy.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[25] Athenian troops landed ashore near Syracuse.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The army of Syracusans sent against them was equal to that of the Athenians, but the Syracusans had much more cavalry.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Despite this, the Athenians and their allies defeated their opponents.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the Syracusan cavalry was protected by the retreat of their own army to the shelter of the city walls.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians then returned to Katane over the winter.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[25] Siege of Syracuse under Hermocrates, Syracuse reformed its army, at the head of which three warlords now came: Hermocrates himself, Heracleides, and Sikanos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Syracuse also sent a request for help to Corinth and Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In Sparta, Alkibiades advised the Spartans to send their own expedition to Sicily and also to fortify Dekeleia, a town near Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans decided to send Gylippos to Sicily, though with only four ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[26] Year 414 BC


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the spring, the Athenians got along again: they began to build a wall around Syracuse.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Their fleet, on the other hand, blocked access to the city from the sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Syracusans, in turn, built their own “counter-walls”, the purpose of which was to thwart the Athenians' intentions.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Lamakhos, who was one of the Athenians' chiefs, was killed in a skirmish in which the Syracusans attempted to seize an Athenian battering snippet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Only Nikias remained in charge of the Athenians, who had not believed in the success of the expedition.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[27] [28] Shortly after this, Gylippos came ashore at Himera and gathered together an army composed primarily of Sicilians opposed to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Gylippos marched to Syracuse, where he struck the Athenians and built his own counter-wall, which cut the Athenians' cordon.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[27] [28] Nikias thought that after what happened, taking Syracuse would be impossible.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

He sent a message to Athens requesting that the Athenians either call back the entire expedition or send reinforcements.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians decided to send reinforcements under Pylos's hero Demosthenes and Eurymedon.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The new fleet consisted of 5000 soldiers and 73 ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Immediately upon reaching his destination, Demosthenes decided to attack the enemy and recapture the walls he had built.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A nocturnal attack led by Demosthenee failed, and the Athenians suffered heavy losses.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Demosthenes and Eurymedon decided that the situation for the Athenians was now hopeless and they would be forced to retreat.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

They were persuaded to Niciah to give the order that the expedition should return to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, the night before departure, a lunar eclipse occurred, which frightened the Athenians so badly that Nikias reversed his decision.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Syracusans now saw their chance and attacked the Athenians fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Eurymedon, who led the fleet, was killed in the battle at the Great Harbour of Syracuse.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[27] [28] After the battle, the Syracusans began to besiege the Athenians from the sea by tying together ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

On 9 September, the Athenians decided to attack the enemy's siege ring, but this attack too failed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Subsequently, the morale of the Athenians collapsed completely.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A retreat overland to some Athenian-friendly city was seen as the only possibility.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians' army marched for eight days with Syracusan cavalry all the while following on their hocks.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the slightest opportunity, the Syracusans attacked the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Eventually, the forces led by Demosthenee and Nikia found themselves separated.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

When Demosthenee's troops were surrounded, he decided to surrender.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The troops, led by Nikia, were soon trapped on the banks of one of the rivers as they thirsty rushed there for a drink.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Demosthenee and Nikia were executed by the Syracusans, although Gylippos would have preferred to take them as prisoners to Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians who remained prisoners and their allies, of whom there were about 7000, were swamped in an abandoned stone quarry, where most also perished.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[27] [28] Ionian War The war continues in 413 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta announced that they would start the war again.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Following the advice of the Athenian renegade Alikibiade, the Spartans fortified the town of Dekeleia near Athens, which, thanks to its location, prevented the Athenians from transporting food by land.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens had to be serviced entirely by sea thereafter.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Previous Spartan invasions of Attica had lasted only a short time, but now the Spartans may have prevented Athenian farmers from returning to their farms throughout the year.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In addition, Athens was suffering from money shortages and it had lost most of its best sailors in Sicily.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta was also able to block grain shipments vital to Athens from Sicily and Egypt.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Grain now came to Athens only through Hellespontos from Crimea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, Sparta received requests for help from Athenian subjects in Ionia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

On Euboia, Khios and Lesbos, groups dissatisfied with Athenian rule also began to rebel.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[29] Persian threat Also from the Persian landlords, namely the satraps Tissafernes and Farnabazos, arrived with emissaries to the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Tissafernes ruled the Arch under Persian rule, as well as Lydia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Farnabazos, in turn, ruled the Phyygia of Hellespontos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The satraps hoped that Athens would fall and that the Greek cities of Ionia would once again fall under Persian rule.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[30] The Spartans decided to help the Chhiosans because they still had their own fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, they decided to accept help from Tassaferne.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans sent their own fleet consisting of Laconians and Allied ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

While on its way to the Aegeian Sea, the Spartan fleet came under attack from the Athenian fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans took shelter in one of the abandoned harbours where they were surrounded by the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The surprising adversity caused the Spartans to almost abandon their intentions to assist the Ionians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

However, Alkibiades persuaded the Spartans to send him and five ships to incite the Ionians to revolt before word of the Spartans' defeat hurried into their ears.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Upon reaching Ionia, Alkibiades incited the Chhiosans into open revolt against Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Soon Miletos, Mytilene, Ephesus, Lesbos and several other cities also rose in revolt.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[30] In Athens, the rebellions were considered so important that it was decided to put into service the hundred ships which at the beginning of the war had been earmarked for just such a situation.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A small fleet (46 ships) comprising was sent from Athens to quash the rebellions.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians regained Mytilene by a surprise attack.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Lesbian rebels were also soon defeated.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Subsequently, the Athenians encircled Khios and defeated their army on land.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Chhioslais fled to the shelter of their cities.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians sent yet another fleet, which enabled them to secure Samos, which became Athens' main base on the Aigeian Sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

When a Spartan fleet arrived, which also included Sicilian ships, the Athenians' chief did not dare to engage in battle.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The year 411 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Until the spring, the Athenian and Spartan fleets avoided battle.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[30] Coup d'état in Athens In 411 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades left the Spartans and applied to the Persian satrap Tissaferne.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartan king Agis had reportedly learned that Alkibiades had been conceived by his wife.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades easily fell out of favour at Tissaferne, and soon the Athenians received the suggestion that the Persians should start supporting them instead of the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The aim of Alkibiade was to return to Athens in such a powerful position that his enemies would not be able to shy away at him.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Persians proposal also included a demand that Athens had to abandon democracy and move to an oligarchic form of government.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In Athens, supporters of the oligarchy decided to capture power and established a group of four hundred oligarchs who intended to rule Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

They covered up the coup by the fact that real power soon was going to be transferred to the so-called “five thousand”.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

These were citizens rich enough to equip themselves as hoplite.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Consequently, the majority of Athenian citizens who served primarily as rowers in the navy would no longer be allowed to take part in legislation and government offices.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[31] However, supporters of democracy soon rose up against the oligarchs.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The oligarchs had already appealed to the Spartans for their aid, but were defeated before the Spartans could record getting involved in the situation.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Power in Athens was initially transferred to five hundred thousands, but after a while returned back to democracy.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the same time, Alkibiades arrived at the Athenian fleet on Samos, where the soldiers voted him one of their chiefs.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[32] War on Hellespontos The Spartans decided to take advantage of the turmoil situation in Athens by sending a small army to Hellespontos from Miletos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Abydos and Lampsakos, who were located on the shore of Hellespontos, immediately revolted against the Athenians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

An Athenian fleet sent to aid from Samos regained Lampsacus, but soon Byzantion, Kyzikos and Kcracdon also joined the rebellion.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the Battle of Kynossema at Hellespontos, the Spartan fleet was short of beating the Athenians, but the action of the Athenian Thrasybulos saved the situation.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After their victory in Näpäri, the Athenians recaptured Kyzikos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[33] The bigger blow to the Athenians was when the Spartan fleet invaded Euboia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans attacked the Athenian fleet sent to aid after it was beached, and they captured 22 ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[34] Year 410 BC


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the spring, the Spartans had a fleet larger than the Athenians on Hellespontos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Due to cash shortages, the Athenians were forced to reduce their fleet, and ships were also needed elsewhere to keep mutineers in check.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The chief of the Spartan fleet, Mindaros, in cooperation with Farnabazos, decided to attack Kyzikos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians sent a fleet under Alkibiades, Theramenes and Thrasybulos to attack Kyziko.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the Battle of Kyzikos, the Athenians had their Spartan fleet thoroughly destroyed.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Subsequently, the Athenians invaded Byzantium and forced Kcracdon to pay tax.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 409 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

only Abydos was no longer in the hands of the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In the same year, Carthage made an invasion of Sicily, which caused the Sicilian ships who had warred as allies of the Spartans to return home.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[34] After Kyzikos, the Spartans were ready to make peace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

For the Athenians, however, peace terms were not to their liking, and they rebuffed the Spartan proposal.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians also sent envoys to the Persian king, but they soon learned that the king had already decided to continue supporting the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[34] Return to the Alkibiade Year 407 BCE


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the summer Alkibiades was again able to return to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

He was received as a hero and was chosen to lead the fleet whose task became to defeat the Spartan forces still present in Asia Minor.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The navark Lysandros, who had strong links to the Spartan royalty, had been sent to lead the Spartan fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Lysandros also found a collaborator in a new satrap sent to replace Tissaferne, Cyrus, who was the younger son of Dareios II, king of Persia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Cyrus promised to pay the salaries of the Spartan rowers and, at the wish of Lysandros, even increased the wages further.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

This made it easy for the Spartans to find experienced rowers for their ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Rowers even deserted from the Athenian fleet to join the Spartans, and soon the Athenians even had a shortage of rowers.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[35] When Alkibiade reached Ionia, he made a fatal mistake.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiades left the fleet in the custody of the inexperienced Antiochus, while he himself set out to deliver a mission.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Having reached the lead of the Grand Fleet alone, Antiokhos decided to attack the Spartan fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans led by Lysandros defeated the Athenians at the Battle of Notion.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Alkibiadeen then had to escape again from the Athenians, this time for good.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

To succeed Alkibiade, the Athenians sent eight new chiefs.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[36] In 406 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A new navark Kallikratidas was sent to succeed Lysandros.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Under Spartan laws, a navark was only allowed to hold office for one year at a time.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Kallikratidas immediately wanted to show himself equal to Lysandros, but he was defeated by the Athenians at the Battle of Arginusai, where the Spartans lost 70 ships.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After the victory, the eight chiefs who led the Athenians left the dead and shipwrecked Athenians at the mercy of the sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

When word was learned of what had happened in Athens, charges were immediately brought against all eight.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The chiefs defended themselves by the fact that a storm had begun after the battle that had prevented them from rescuing all those who had fallen to the mercy of the sea.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Six chiefs were executed, including Pericle's son.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Two were able to escape but were sentenced to exile in absentia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenians soon regretted the executions, but what was done was done.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens had, in one fell swoop, lost most of its most experienced fleet commanders.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[37] End of war Siege of Athens In 405 BCE


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Lysandros was appointed deputy head of the Spartan fleet, in reality, however, he was the real chief of the fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

With the assistance of Cyrus, she re-equipped the Spartan fleet and headed with it to Hellespontos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At the Battle of Aigospotamoi, Lysandros destroyed the Athenians fleet.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[38] After the victory at Aigospotamoi, the Spartans began to besiege Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Another of the Spartan kings, Pausanias, arrived from the Peloponnese with an army, while Agis attacked from Dekeleia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Lysandros in turn blockaded the Athenian port city of Piraeus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The year 404 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the spring Athens surrendered.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[39] [40] The consequences of the war with the surrender of Athens, the maritime alliance of Delos was officially dissolved.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Athens was forced into the Peloponnesian League, and thirty oligarchs rose to the leadership of Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Spartans also broke down the so-called Long Walls between Athens and Piraeus.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Sparta's ally Thebes would have wanted Athens destroyed, but the Spartans did not agree to.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[41] However, the return of Athenian democracy The Athenian Democrats found a new leader in Thrasybulos.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

He assembled a small army with which he recaptured the fortress of Fyle on the border of Attica and Boiotia.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The thirty rulers of Athens tried to send an army of their own against Thrasybulo, which, however, did not get anything done.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The oligarchs' only option was to ask the Spartan army for assistance.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The year 404 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the end the democrats took over Piraeus and were able to easily hold it because the long walls had been broken down.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The civil war between Democrats and oligarchs continued into 403 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

until Sept.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

At that time, the Spartan king Pausanias intervened and restored democracy to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The oligarchs were given permission to settle in Eleus and were allowed for some time to return to Athens.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[42] Sparta and Persia following the surrender of Athens, Sparta became embroiled in internal Persian disputes.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Cyrus the Younger who helped the Spartans rebelled against his brother Artaxerxes II, and a Spartan Klearkhos led Greek mercenaries during the so-called Cyrus War Expedition.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

After Cyrus was defeated, Agesilaos, the new king of Sparta, occupied territories belonging to Persia in Asia Minor.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Subsequently, the Persians began to support Athens, which rebuilt its long walls, and in 395 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

other Greek city-states started the so-called Corinthian War against Sparta.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

This war ended in Antalkida with peace whose peace terms had been dictated by the Persian king.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Intra-Greek wars had only strengthened Persia, which regained the Ionian cities.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[42] Historical Sources The Peloponnesian War of the Athenian historian Thukydides is our main source on the Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Thukydides deals with events all the way to 411 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

until.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

About the end of the war wrote Xenofon in his Hellenica.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Comedy writer Aristofanes wrote most of his works during the war, and he refers to war in several of them.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The Athenian statesmanship purported to have been written by Aristotle also gives further details about the war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The works of Diodoros Sicilian and Plutarchus, who lived in the Roman period, also provide further details about the Peloponnesian War, as they used sources that have later been lost.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Parts 12 and 13 of Diodoros' World History deal with war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Among Plutarchus's writings, biographies of Pericle, Alkibiade, Lysandros and Nikia relate to the Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[43] Many other writers of antiquity also wrote about the Peloponnesian War.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Among other things, Ephoros dealt with war in his world history.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

This work is lost, but Diodoros used it as his source.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Also Theopompos wrote his own Hellenica, beginning from 411 BCE.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

This work, too, has been lost, and we only know about its contents thanks to Diodoros.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[44] Aristofanes wrote several comedies during the war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Several of them take a stand against the war and joke at the expense of Athenian politicians.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In an Akharnese comedy aired in 425 BC, the war-weary farmer Dikaiopolis concludes his own peace treaty with the Spartans.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 411 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

in the written Lysistrate, Athenian women again go on a sex strike to persuade their husbands to end the war.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

In 424 BC.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

shown in the Knights is Aristophane's attack on Kleon.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

A character named Demos (“the people”) appears in the knights, who owns two slaves: “Nikiaan” and “Demostheneen”.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

The slaves complain about Demos' guardian “Paphlogonian” (Kleo) behaviour towards Demo.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

[44] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Donald Kagan| title= The Peloponnesian War — Athens and Sparta in Savage Conflict 431—404 BC| publisher = Harper Perennial| year = 2003| id = ISBN 0-00-711506-7| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Philip de Souza| title= The Peloponnesian War 431-404 BC| publisher = Osprey Publishing| year = 2002| id=ISBN 1-84176-357-8| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Thukydides| title = Peloponnesian War| others = Translated by J.A.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

Hollo| publisher = WSOY Quality Books| year = 1995| id=ISBN 951-0-19871-4}} Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

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Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

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Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

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Question: Which city-state won the Peloponnese War?

Peloponnese War

References on the topic elsewhere


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Basketball is a sport and mainly a ball game played inside, with two teams playing against each other.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Basketball is a contact sport, but tackles are not allowed.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The purpose is to try to score points by throwing the ball through a circular ring on the ends of the field into the basket (upper season) and defending the basket of one's own field half from opposing attackers without making fouls.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Court Basketball court platform is usually lacquered parquet.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In International Basketball Federation rules, the dimensions of the field are 28 × 15 meters.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In the NBA, the field is slightly larger, at 29.5 × 15.2 metres.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] The field is marked with lines such as sidelines, center boundary, center circles, free-throw lines, three-second zone dash, and three-point throwing zone dash.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In international basketball, the free-throw line is 5.80 metres from the end, the three-second range is 4.90 metres wide between the end and the free-throw line, and the three-point throw zone dash is for the most part 6.75 metres from the basket but closer to the edges.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The inside of the three-second area is painted monochrome.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[2] Basket There are baskets at each end of the field.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The center of the basket is 1,575 meters from the end boundary.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[3] The bodywork ring is a metal rod 16−20 millimetres thick.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The inner diameter of the bodywork ring is 45.0−45.9 centimeters.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The upper edge of the body ring is about 305.0 centimeters from floor level.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[4] Behind the basket ring is a rectangular basket plate.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

A basket sock hangs from the basket ring, which slows the ball down to facilitate the detection of the made basket and allows the ball to fall out of the basket at all times conveniently in the same place.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Ball Basketball is an air-filled ball whose surface material is usually leather or rubber.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The surface material of balls used in official matches is natural leather or synthetic leather.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In the kits of the youngest, as well as in hobby use especially outdoor games, rubber coated balls are also used.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The men's official ball weighs 567 to 650 grams and is 74.9—78.0 centimeters in circumference.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The ball for women and boys starting with C youth is slightly smaller, and in mini and micro sets even smaller.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[5] Gameplay The purpose of the game is to score more points than the opponent.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Players feed the ball to each other, carry it by bouncing, and attempt to throw the ball through the opponent's basket ring.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

If the ball returns to play from the basket plate, play continues.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

If the ball touches the floor or basket stand behind the sideline, the other team receives a boundary throw.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The game clock is always stopped for a time when the ball is not in play.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] For a free throw that went to the basket, a team scores one point, three points for a basket thrown from outside the three-point arc, and two points for all other baskets.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The winning team often scores more than a hundred points.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Tactics Players play positions are playmaker, throwing backman, small wide receiver, big wide receiver and centre-back.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The backman's job is to bring the ball up in attack and run the game.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Centter is usually the longest player on the team, and he tends to pick up rebounds and fend off opponent's throws under the basket.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Place-defence or male guarding may be used as defensive tactics.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In place defence, the players of the defending team guard their own territory and the attacking players coming to it.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In man-guarding, they each shadow their own attacking player and try to prevent him from carrying, pitching, or throwing.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Rules Composition The team consists of up to 12 players, five of whom are on the field at a time.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Rounds According to international rules, there are four rounds of 10 minutes in a basketball match.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Batch breaks are 2, 15 and 2 minutes.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[6] Four 12-minute rounds are played in the NBA.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Four rounds of eight minutes are played in mini basketball.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

If the game is tied after the fourth round, five-minute extension rounds are played to determine the winner.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[6] Handling The ball must be played by hand: by entering, throwing, hitting, scrolling or bouncing.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The ball in the hands should not run, nor should it be deliberately played with feet or hit with fists.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[7] Time limitations In order for the game to be offensive, the rules impose different time constraints on teams.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] The player is allowed to hold the ball in his hands for a maximum of five seconds.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] A player may be in the opponent's three-second range for up to three seconds at a time.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[8] The team must bring the ball to its front court over the middle boundary in eight seconds, and the team must attempt a basket throw in 24 seconds from taking possession of the ball.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[9] Any basket will be accepted after the closing buzzer if the ball was already in the air.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[10] Personal and technical fouls If a player is fouled, the team receives an inthrow or two free throws if the infraction occurred in a throwing situation.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

A team can also receive one free throw if a player offended in a throwing situation receives a basket for it.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Personal foul is condemned if an opponent is touched in violation of the rules.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

A technical foul is usually condemned for unsportsmanlike conduct and is more serious than a personal foul.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Violations An infraction is any act contrary to the rules when handling the ball.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Violations include bouncing the ball outside the boundary, a step offence, that is, walking the ball in hands, improper handling of the ball, double carrying the ball again or bouncing with two hands, or returning the ball to their own field half.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

Violations are usually condemned by a throw-in to an opponent.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

[1] Penetration and kits Basketball is one of the most popular sports in the world.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

It is particularly hobbied and followed in the United States, but also in countries such as South America, Southern Europe and the former Soviet states.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In Lithuania, basketball is the national sport [11].


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

The world's most famous and hardline basketball league is the United States' National Basketball Association (NBA).


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In Europe, their own professional series called the EuroLeague is also played.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In Finland, the main league of basketball in Finland today is called Korisliiga.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

For the 2004—05 season, the name Sparliiga was used.


Question: How many basketball teams are there in Finland?

Basketball

In addition to the main league level, Finland has six lower division levels for men and four for women.