Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

In 2005, the iPod family was expanded with a video-playing model and a Nano model.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

In 2007, Apple released its first smartphone iPhone.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

In 2010, Apple released the iPad, which spawned a new computer category, tablet computers.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[41] Jobs raised only $1 an annual salary from Apple and accumulated his fortunes mainly by selling Pixar to Disney in 2006 for a price of $7.4 billion and dividends and options.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Jobs became Disney's largest shareholder with his seven percent stake.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[42] [20] Disease, termination and death In October 2003, a cancerous tumor was found in Jobs' pancreas during a routine check-up.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Although pancreatic cancer often leads to rapid death, Jobs' illness was of rare, treatable quality.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

If the tumour had been removed in surgery, the prognosis for healing would have been promising.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

However, Jobs was skeptical of medicine and resorted to belief therapies to treat his cancer.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

She hoped to avoid surgery through a special diet, which she followed for nine months.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

This produced pain for Apple's board, which ended up not disclosing the illness of Jobs, who was deemed irreplaceable, after seeking advice from two lawyers.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[43] On July 31, 2004, however, Jobs' pancreatic cancer underwent surgery.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

In April 2009, he underwent a liver transplant.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[44] In January 2011, Jobs left out of Apple's day-to-day operations citing health reasons [45].


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

In August of the same year, he resigned from the post of Apple CEO.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

No official reason was given, but the dismissal was presumed to be linked to illness.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[2] Just two months later, on October 6, Apple issued a bulletin on Jobs' death.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[5] According to a death certificate released on October 10, he passed away in Palo Alto, California, as early as 5 October at approximately 3pm from respiratory arrest caused by metastases of pancreatic cancer.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[46] Following the death, according to research by Australian firm SR7, 10,000 posts on the subject were published on Twitter per second, leading to the death being called the all-time online news.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[47] Jobs was already buried on 7 October in Santa Clara Cemetery, which is not part of the churchyard.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[46] Persona Various sources described Jobs as a flamboyant, passionate, charismatic performer, workaholic, visionary and uncompromising leader who puts workers on firm [48].


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Prior to his resignation from Apple, Jobs became known for his prickly and litigious management style.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

At the time, he is remembered as shouting at his subordinates and berating their work performance.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[49] He was considered a difficult co-worker.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[50] In 2012, the FBI released its documents on Jobs, which had been compiled in 1991 when U.S. President George H. W. Bush was considering taking Jobs as his advisor.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Many interviewed by the FBI said they questioned Jobs' integrity and criticized his way of misrepresenting reality.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[50] Private Life Jobs has four children [51].


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

With his first child, Lisa, he had with a woman named Chris-Ann Brennan.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Jobs publicly disowned his daughter but confessed as his own nearly a decade later, despite having proven himself to be the child's father already in paternity tests and paying child support.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

He did not exercise his right to visit his daughter for years.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Apple's computer model Lisa is named after the daughter, but since Jobs had not yet recognised the daughter as his own at the start of the project in 1981, Apple employees had to “gap-code” the name into Local Integrated Systems Architechture to avoid problems.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[52] In 1982, Jobs met 41-year-old Joan Baez and dated her for three years.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Jobs' friend Elisabeth Holmes believed that one of the reasons for the relationship was because Baez and Bob Dylan had been lovers in the Sixties and Jobs liked the connection with Dylan.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Eventually they became mere friends.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Jobs wanted to start a family and knew it wouldn't be possible with Baez, who had a teenage son and didn't want more children.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[53] On the occasion of the “View from the Top” guest lecture he gave, Jobs met Laurene Powell, a Stanford University student in October 1989, and married her on March 18, 1991.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

The wedding ceremony was led by Kobin Chino, a Zen Buddhist monk.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Their first child, Reed Paul was born in September 1991.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Their second child, Erin Sienna was born in August 1995 and youngest child Eve in 1998.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[54] He was a Buddhist and a pescovegetarist.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

[55] [43] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Isaacson, Walter| title= Steve Jobs| others = Translated by Jyri Raivio| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2011| version = initial work: Steve Jobs| id = ISBN 978-951-1-25645-8}} Citation with error, replace {{ cite book| author = Isaacson, Walter| title = Steve Jobs| location = New York| publisher = Simon & Schuster| year = 2011| version=Kindle edition (eBook) | id=ISBN 978-1-4516-4853-9}}} Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Beahm, George| title = Steve Jobs in his own words| location = Helsinki| publisher = Talentum| year = appears 2011| version = (I, Steve: Steve: Steve Jobs In His Own Words, 2011) | id = ISBN 978-952-14-1789-4}} Citation error , replace with {{cite book| author = Isaacson, Walter| title = Steve Jobs| publisher = otava| year = 2011| version= (Steve Jobs, 2011) | id=ISBN 978-951-1-27217-5}} On topic elsewhere Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Interviews.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

April 20, 1995.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

(PDF) Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. Wired, February 1996 Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Fortune, February 2005.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: At what age did Walt Disney start Disney?

Chris Jobs

Category:Apple personnel Category:Disney personnel Category:US billionaires Category:US business leaders Category:US IT developers Category:Hippies Category:People born in 1955 Category:Those who died in 2011 Category:99.6 Medical, representatives of technology and economics Category:Key articles on screening


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding is “the connection of parts with each other by using heat and/or compression so that the parts form a continuous connection.” [1] Electric current, friction heat, flame, laser beam or electron beam may be used as a heat source.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In welding, an additive with a melting temperature approximately the same as the base material may be used.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The main difference between welding and soldering is that when soldering, only the soldering, that is, the connecting material melts, but the pieces to be joined do not.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding is used in the manufacture of new products and repairs of various types of damage.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding can also be used to coat pieces with thick layers of matter.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Typical repair welding applications include welding various rips and cracks and repairing casting defects.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Common applications in the manufacture of new products include the joints and fabrication of various plates, pipes, beams.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Various alloys such as aluminum, steels, as well as thermoplastic plastics can be welded.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The weldability of materials such as steels [2] varies due to various reasons.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Some materials such as titanium oxidize very easily and require particularly good protection against oxygen contained in the air.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Other materials such as cast iron again result in hard-to-control internal changes.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Strong thermal expansion of the material complicates welding by most methods.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding generates changes in the material structure of the piece in the vicinity of the weld, for example stress states and deformations.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The welds themselves may be left with harmful defects, such as imperfections in penetration or form, or various pores and inclusions created by impurities.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

History of welding Already in the tombs of the ancient Egyptians, artifacts and vessels have been found, parts of which are connected to each other by silver casing.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

These solders are the first known metal interconnections.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Also welding is the old method of joining.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Among other things, swords have been found with a harder blade part connected by supercharger welding to a softer body section.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In the 19th century, other types of splicing were developed; Russian Nikolai Bernados developed what is known as carbon arc welding in 1882, in which an arc created between two electrodes was used to make the metal melt for union.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The method was used to join pieces along with riveting.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

[3] In the 20th century, methods have been developed that have led to the development of modern welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Flow welding In melt welding methods, additional and basic matter melt and join each other as melt and solidify as they cool to their final form.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The heat required to generate a weld melt is produced by an arc, gas flame or chemical reaction.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In melting processes, welding is almost always welded using an additive that fills the welding gap together with the base material melted from the edges of the slit.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Arc welding Arc welding methods include MIG/MAG, TIG, knitting, plasma, powder arc and gas arc mold welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Depending on the method, the advantages of arc welding include the affordability, availability, and portability of the equipment.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

With arc welding, all major metals can be welded.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

With arc welding, relatively small heat dissipation and narrow weld are achieved.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Beam Welding Beam Welding Radius welding refers to welding by heat generated by a high-energy beam.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In welding, electron beams or laser beams are used.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The advantages of these welding methods are low heat dissipation and thus low welding stresses and deformations.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

On the other hand, a narrow weld requires precise slit preparation and beam alignment, and in addition, the equipment required for beam welding is expensive.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In addition to conventional melt-only welding, welding can be done as diagonal welding, thanks to the high energy density achieved by beam.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

With the help of piercing welding, large material strengths can be welded while the gap remains narrow.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In particular, electron beam welding allows for a large intrusion.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Beam welding is practically always done by computer-controlled equipment and around the welding space there are shields to prevent rays from entering the working environment.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Gas welding In gas welding, the heat required to melt the substance being welded is provided by a gas flame.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Another function of a gas flame is to protect the weld from the oxidizing effect of air.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Most often, acetylene is used as a combustible gas, with which oxygen is mixed in the welding torch to enhance combustion.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Gas flames become hotter when combustion is intensified by pure oxygen.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Gas welding requires gas cylinders, pressure regulators, backlash and rear fire guards, hoses, welding whistle and additive wire, as well as appropriate protective equipment.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Termite welding Termite welding is still used today when connecting track rails.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Termite welding belongs to cast welding methods, in which the parts to be joined are cast adhering to each other.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The method involves mixing iron oxide (hematite) and aluminum powder with each other and igniting the mixture.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The reaction lasts 15—25 seconds, after which the result is molten steel protected by molten aluminium slag.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The reaction occurs in a welding gap, the flanks of which melt into the weld.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

To ensure a uniform connection between the molten and the base material (here the ends of the rails), preheat the base material near the weld approx.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

To 1000°C.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Compression welding Resistance welding In resistance welding, an electric current is passed through a point to be connected by two electrodes.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The pieces to be joined heat up and are strongly pressed against each other from the joint site.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Joining occurs with the connecting points in a voluptuous state.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Resistor welding is most often used when welding thin sheets.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Resistance welding makes it quick and effortless to connect, for example, the sheet metal parts of the car body or the body of electrical appliances together.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Resistance welding methods include point, hand, wafer, stamp and butt welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Super-welding Super-welding is also known as wicker welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

It is the oldest known welding method.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In supercharge welding, metal pieces are heated in perfume and forged together.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

However, the welding temperature is significantly higher than the usual forging temperature, typically between 50 and 90 percent of the melting temperature of the pieces.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Friction welding Friction welding is traditionally used to connect shafts and rods.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The necessary heat is provided by pressing the connecting surfaces opposite each other and rotating them relative to each other.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Connecting surfaces heated to soft weld together when strongly pressed against each other.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Friction welding is solid-state welding, that is, the materials to be joined do not melt during welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In 1994, a new friction welding process, friction welding with a rotary tool or friction pin welding, was patented.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

[4] Other names are FS welding or FSW welding,).


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In this welding, a rotating tool with a profiled tip section rotates and slowly penetrates into the gap between two pieces to be joined.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The pieces to be joined must be firmly against each other, since the place of the gap should not change during welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The welding heat is generated by the friction heat between the wear-resistant tool and the welded pieces, as well as from the deformation heat generated especially in the strong plastic shaping of welded pieces.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Tracks soften, but do not melt.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Joining occurs under the influence of solid state diffusion in the material between the tool and the resistor, under pressure and temperature (Fig.)


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The joint cools behind the tool and forms a weld.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The advantages include: neither additive nor protective gas, easy slit manufacturing, versatile joint implementation possibilities, non-existent flabby (welding deformation), excellent joint characteristics, high dimensional accuracy, working environmental friendliness, repeatability and suitability for serial production.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Friction welding is especially suitable for welding soft materials such as aluminum and copper.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The most it is applied to aluminum welding, for example, the connection of extrusions to each other in the manufacture of larger panels.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Other welded aluminum products include casings, rims, tanks and frames.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

A typical material thickness to be welded on one piece is about 2 to 20 millimeters.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Thicker plates can be welded with two pods, a pod on each side.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The thinnest material thicknesses welded by the method have been 0.3 mm and the thickest material thicknesses welded with one piece have been 50 mm.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Explosive welding Explosive welding involves connecting plates to each other by the pressure generated by the explosion.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Different pair joints, such as steel-aluminium, can also be used to manufacture explosive welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Other Separate Welding Processes Ultrasonic Welding Ultrasonic welding utilizes longitudinal waves vibrating in the ultrasonic range to transfer energy to the weld.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Ultrasound is produced using a PZT vibrator based on the piezoelectric phenomenon, into which high-frequency electricity is pied from the inverter.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The resulting mechanical vibration causes rapid heating of the welding surfaces.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Due to it and the compressive force applied to the pieces, the material of the connecting surfaces of the pieces melts and a uniform weld is achieved, which often has the same strength as the base material.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Ultrasonic welding can be used for welding plastics, ceramics and metals.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The method is also suitable for joining metals of different melting temperatures.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Typical applications are electrical and electronics industry components.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Ultrasonic welding of plastics is best suited for thermoplastic plastic grades.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The most typical users of ultrasonic welding are the electronics, automotive and packaging industries, as well as plaything manufacturers.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Plastic Welding The most typical plastics to be welded are polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP).


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

When welding plastic, the pieces (and any filler) are first heated to a specific welding heat specific to the type of plastic.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding occurs as the material cools under welding pressure.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Butt Welding In butt welding, two pieces of plastic (typically a tube) are welded together by first heating the purified pipe ends against a hot plate and immediately pressing them together.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The welding pressure is usually maintained hydraulically.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

For example, butt welding is used to connect long plumbing pipes from parts at the site.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Pipes to be butt welded can be quite thick (e.g. 800 mm), resulting in correspondingly long pressures and compression times used for welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Hot air welding In hot air welding, plastic pieces are fastened together by heating them with hot air and feeding a filler wire to the heated site.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Hot air welding is used, for example, in the repair and fittings of the outer shells of district heating pipes (typically polyethylene).


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Extruder Welding In extruder welding, plastic pieces are fastened together as in hot air welding, but instead of welding wire, the filler is the filler mass formed by the extruder device.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Extruders make the filler mass usually from welding wire, sometimes also plastic granulate.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The extruder provides a thicker welding seam than hot-air welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Hybrid Welding Hybrid welding is understood as combining two or more welding processes in the same process.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Mig Laser Hybrid Welding This combines deep penetration and effective additive yield.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

MIG laser hybrid welding has been studied at VTT for several years and is used for example in shipyard plate lines and in the automotive industry.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

It is suitable for machine welding of medium thickness materials.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

TIG plasma hybrid welding In pipe manufacturing, TIG plasma burners are commonly used.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Like a laser, plasma provides good penetration and the TIG head is preheated or post-leveled plasma weld.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Tandem welding This resembles hybrid welding, but here there are more burners of the same welding process connected sequentially.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Tandem MIG/MAG welding and powder arc tandem are typical examples.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In pipe manufacturing, TIG tricathode burners are used, i.e. it is connected, for example, three TIG burners in a row.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding Automation CNC Welding and Welding Robot CNC (, Computerized Numerical Control) -controlled welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

There are two species of robots: articulated arm and portal type.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The articulated arm robot often resembles a human arm and has an actual welding instrument attached to its end.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

With welding robots, MIG/MAG, point or laser welding is often performed.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding robots are used, among other things, in automotive body point and laser welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Today, the development of welding automation is the most important factor in improving productivity.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The most important for automation are the reproducibility and uniform quality of welding.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Against the background of the factors, there are many parameters that need to be adapted to the respective welding event.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In welding, it is also possible to use a robot as an assistant.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In this case, the robot handles the workpiece to be welded, bringing the welding slit within reach of the welder and after welding stacks the part-finished piece for further transmission.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Such flexible cooperation is also possible when seeking efficiency improvements.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Occupational Safety The welder has a number of health risks.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

When welding, hot bodies are treated, which can cause even severe burns.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

They can be avoided by observing care, as well as wearing leather gloves and other protective clothing.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Sparks often fly at the welding site, from which it is necessary to protect yourself both for convenience and safety.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

At worst, a spark that has reached the ear or eye can cause loss of vision or hearing.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The arc generates bright light and emits UV radiation.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

For these reasons, the welder's equipment includes a mask with shaded glass and clothing that protects the skin from UV radiation.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Clothing must be of low-flammable, non-melting material, which excludes most man-made fibres.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Clothing should also be protected from UV radiation.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Various very heat-conducting jewellery or watches can cause burns when fever comes into contact with welding splashes or weld seam.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

When welding, the most diverse gases are generated.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The gases may come from the material being welded, from welding additives, or from impurities in the pieces to be welded.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Inhalation of gases can cause various respiratory symptoms or metal fever, among other things.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Therefore, when welding, it is worth taking care of good ventilation.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Often, a powerful vacuum cleaner is arranged near the welding site.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Sometimes it is worth using even a fresh air mask, an overpressure face mask, into which clean air is introduced.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Electricity is often used in welding, which poses an occupational safety risk.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

High currents also cause strong magnetic fields, which has been suspected to be the reason that welders and others exposed to magnetic fields in their work have a higher risk of developing ALS [5].


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Faulty welding equipment is also a hazard factor.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

There have been several fatalities in Finland where a dangerous voltage between the electrodes has formed in welding instruments used in damaged or incorrect conditions.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

In particular, ESAB's Bantam - also known as the so-called bat transformer (Bantam - Batman) is infamed for damage so that the mains voltage can enter the welding electrode.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Leaking gas or failure of a gas cylinder can also cause a serious accident.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

Welding jobs are gunwork for which a fire work permit is required if not carried out at an appropriate fire workplace.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The welding positions are: foot position, horizontal position, law position, upright upward position, upright position down, lower small position, upper small position.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

When welding pipes, the various positions are: rotating horizontal tube (foot position), fixed vertical tube (horizontal position), fixed horizontal tube (upright position), fixed horizontal tube (upright position), inclined tube (upright upward), rotating horizontal tube (lower wether position), rotating horizontal tube (lower small position) lower pitch position), fixed vertical tube (lower small position), fixed vertical tube (upright position), fixed horizontal tube (upright position), fixed horizontal tube (upright position).


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The most common welding position is the foot position, where the welder is above the seam to be joined and looks down.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

The foot position is the fastest and safest welding position.


Question: When was TIG welding invented?

Welding

[6] See also Welder Soldering Kemppi, welding equipment manufacturer Sources On topic elsewhere Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Antero Kyröläinen and Juha Lukkari| title = Stainless steels and their welding| location = Helsinki| publisher = MET| year = 2002| id = ISBN 951-817-794-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lepola, Pertti; Makkonen, Matti| title = Welding Techniques and Steel Structures| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2005| id = ISBN 978-951-27150-8-2}} * Category:Metal industry Category:Key articles on screening


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede Maria Scholz (o.s. Remark,) was a German dressmaker and sister of writer Erich Maria Remarque.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

A kinship with the writer brother, who in National Socialist Germany had been branded a treasonous pacifist, was a burden on Scholz.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

He was turned in to the Gestapo by his landlord and clients, whom he previously considered his friends.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

He was sentenced to death by the People's Court and executed in 1943.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz's fate had an impact on Erich Maria Remarque, who criticized the Nazi regime and also the Germans for believing in Nazi promises in his postwar production.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The family Elfriede Remark was born into a poor Roman Catholic working family in Osnabrück in 1903.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

His father, Peter Franz Remark, was a book-binder by profession, and mother Anna Maria Remark (o.s. Stallknecht) was a housewife.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Brother Erich Paul, who later took the stage name Erich Maria Remarque, was five years old when Elfriede was born.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Since she was a child, Elfriede was ill with osteomalacia, a disease known as bone softening.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

After her mother died, 14-year-old Elfriede worked as a domestic servant in the Rhineland.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

In 1919 she returned to Osnabrück, where she learned the profession of a seamstress.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] Elfriede Remark moved to Dresden in 1929 and married merchant Paul Wilke in 1933.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the marriage ended in divorce after two years of cult.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Around the time of 1938—1939, Elfriede met musician Heinz Scholz.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Heinz was drafted into military service in the German War Navy in December 1940.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The couple married during Heinz's brief holiday in May 1941, and Elfriede took her husband's surname.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The marriage fell short, as Heinz suspected Elfriede of cheating on her and demanded a divorce after only a few months.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede travelled to Heligoland, where Heinz had been stationed.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The couple negotiated a separation, and according to Heinz, Elfriede agreed to break up, but retracted his decision a little later.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The distinction came to fruition in the spring of 1943 when Heinz self-initiated seeking resignation.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede concentrated on maintaining her sewing server business in Dresden in her home apartment.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

She marketed her business specifically to housewives belonging to the wealthy exalted.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [2] The People's Court In the autumn of 1943, Elfriede Scholz was made a whistleblower for the Gestapo accusing him of speeches against Adolf Hitler, the National Socialist regime and the war.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The whistleblowing was made by his landlady, Mrs. Toni Wentzel, and a young client, Mrs. Ingeborg Rietzel, whom Scholz considered a friend in addition to his client relationship and whom he had frequently visited.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] She was arrested and taken to Berlin's prison for women in Barnimstrasse.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [3] Scholz's trial took place in the People's Court of Nazi Germany in October.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

A team made up of SS men and police officers served as boarders.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Roland Freisler, chairman of the court, told Elfriede: “Sadly your brother got out of our hands, but you cannot get out of our hands.” [1] By his statement, Freisler referred to Scholz's writer brother, who had emigrated as early as 1931, two years before the National Socialist the party rose in Germany to power.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

As one of their first acts, the Nazis ordered books written by dissidents to be burned.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Top of the combustion list was the bestseller from the Western Front, Nothing New (1929), written by Erich Maria Remarque.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Although Remarque did not live in Germany, the Nazis regarded him as a disgraceful memory and continued to persecute him by any means possible, including forbidding to publish news about him and stripping him of his German citizenship.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] According to an indictment statement referring to Ingeborg Rietzel's testimony, Scholz had criticized Hitler as follows: “What happiness has he [Hitler] brought us?


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

All those who go to the front are nothing but slaughter cattle left on his conscience.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

If only I could, I'd shoot a ball into his skull myself.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

I would take responsibility for the act with pleasure.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

At least the Germans would get rid of this man.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

I would gladly sacrifice myself.” and “Is this idiot going to destroy all German cities before he makes peace?” In addition, Scholz had spoken of enemies in a positive tone: “I have traveled the world and met many people.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

When our enemies arrive, here it's not going to be so terrible.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

They are much better than we are allowed to realize, and the fact that the whole world hates Germany is its own fault.” Relative to the time, these opinions were quite typical.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Saturation with war and the Nazi regime spread in Germany especially after the Battle of Stalingrad had ended in defeat and when Western Allied bombers began bombarding cities.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

To silence the criticism, Roland Freisler's People's Court took a more harsh view of all criticism and the number of death sentences for defaitism increased throughout the period towards the end of the war.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] In the short trial, little place was left for an actual defense, although according to the transcripts he presented himself innocent.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

She was defended by a female lawyer who sought to save her client by appealing for the mercy of the court.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The defence said Scholz's illness had made her pessimistic in nature, and she had only uttered her criticising comments when her sister Erna's home had been destroyed in the Osnabrück bombings and her former husband's home had burned down in the Hamburg bombings.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The lawyer cited the writer's brother as having had a negative influence on him in his childhood, but added the brother's influence had weakened, as Scholz had not met this for 13 years.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] Sentence Appeal for Mercy was dismissed, and after an hour-long session Elfriede Scholz was sentenced to death by beheading.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Only testimony from Toni Wentzel and Ingeborg Rietzel was enough to reach the verdict, although none of Scholz's roughly 100 clients and acquaintances in Dresden joined in supporting the whistleblowing.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[3] [2] Elfriede Scholz was forever declared dishonorable for having uttered doubts about war success, mocking the Führer and making pronouncements exuding defeatism in front of Rietzel, the captain of the Wehrmacht.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The death sentence was recorded on the form to be supplemented, which applied in a number of similar cases.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [2] Scholz's defense attorney immediately sent a petition to amend the sentence, but it was overturned.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz was taken to Plötzensee Prison to await the execution of the sentence, which was to take place on 25 November 1943.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz's head was shaved bald in the morning, and he was allowed to meet the prison priest one last time.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

He waited by the hour until news finally came in the afternoon that the documents required for execution had been destroyed in an Allied bombardment.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The documents had to be recast, so his execution was postponed.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] Execution The defense attorney visited Scholz on 6 December 1943 and sent a further petition to commute the sentence the very next day.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] The petition was complemented by a statement from Scholz's client Countess Monika Finckenstem that the Countess had never heard Scholz ever utter a cross-sectional word in all the years in which she had known Scholz.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

According to Countess Finckenstem, both informants were additionally “highly unreliable persons.”


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] On December 13, Scholz was informed of a new execution date, the 16th day of the same month.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Surprisingly, on 15 December, the Ministry of Justice advocated an amendment petition and sent its amnesty decision on the death sentence on a trip to Plötzensee.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the information did not reach the prison in time, and the next morning Elfriede Scholz was beheaded.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[4] When the decision arrived, the official briefly marked it: “Time to perform!” [1] To the memory of my sister Elfriede, Erich Maria Remarque did not speak or write about her sister, and no mentions can be found in her diaries.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

After the war, he wrote the book Der Funke Leben (1952), which tells the story of prisoners of a concentration camp near the fictional town of Mellern.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

In the first edition published in the United States, a dedication inscription “To the memory of my sister Elfriede” is found.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

However, in the first edition published in Germany in 1952, there is no proprietary inscription.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

According to the Hilton Times, the reason for the omission of ownership may have been the antipathy still known in postwar Germany to the writer labelled as a traitor to the National Socialists, or a reluctance to recall the atrocities of the Nazi regime.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the proprietary inscription can be found in newer German editions.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[5] [6] [2] There is no person like Scholz in the book, but his fate is referenced a few times.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

In one scene, Remarque writes, “one of the Nazis' first achievements in the field of culture was to move from the guillotine to the use of the decapitation axe.”


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

In another, one of the characters utters to her carelessly speaking husband: “For God's sake be more careful!


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Where's the handmaid?


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

We are death's own if anyone hears us.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

The People's Court feels no mercy.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Even one whistleblowing is enough!”.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[7] Remarque knew full well that by killing her sister, the Nazis were sending her a message of their desire to kill her.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[6] Erich Maria Remarque, despite his anti-war stance, was not a very political figure, and during the Weimar Republic he had been mainly neutral towards the Nazis.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

It was not until experience with the Nazis, and especially the fate of the sister, that led him to bring up his political points.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Along with Der Funke Leben, the Black Obelisk (), published in 1956, criticises both Nazis and Germans for believing in Nazi promises.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

[8] The book contains the famous quote: “I suppose it always is.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Death manifests itself in an individual, while two million denotes a mere statistical number.” [9] in Scholz's birth town of Osnabrück, a street named in his memory in 1968, Elfriede-Scholz-Straße.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Erich Maria Remarque wrote, “I am deeply touched by this generous and noble gesture.” [10] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Wagener, Hans| title = Understanding Erich Maria Remarque| publisher = University of South Carolina Press| year = 1991| isbn = 0872497402| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tims, Hilton| title = The Last Romantic: A Life of Eric Maria Remarque| publisher = Hachette UK| year= 2013| isbn = 1472113357| language = Transclusion error: {I} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

References Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Where did Elfriede Maria Scholz perished?

Elfriede Scholz

Category:Persons of Nazi Germany Class:Germans executed Class:Those born in 1903 Class:Those who died in 1943


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede Maria Scholz (o.s. Remark,) was a German dressmaker and sister of writer Erich Maria Remarque.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

A kinship with the writer brother, who in National Socialist Germany had been branded a treasonous pacifist, was a burden on Scholz.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

He was turned in to the Gestapo by his landlord and clients, whom he previously considered his friends.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

He was sentenced to death by the People's Court and executed in 1943.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz's fate had an impact on Erich Maria Remarque, who criticized the Nazi regime and also the Germans for believing in Nazi promises in his postwar production.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The family Elfriede Remark was born into a poor Roman Catholic working family in Osnabrück in 1903.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

His father, Peter Franz Remark, was a book-binder by profession, and mother Anna Maria Remark (o.s. Stallknecht) was a housewife.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Brother Erich Paul, who later took the stage name Erich Maria Remarque, was five years old when Elfriede was born.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Since she was a child, Elfriede was ill with osteomalacia, a disease known as bone softening.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

After her mother died, 14-year-old Elfriede worked as a domestic servant in the Rhineland.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

In 1919 she returned to Osnabrück, where she learned the profession of a seamstress.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] Elfriede Remark moved to Dresden in 1929 and married merchant Paul Wilke in 1933.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the marriage ended in divorce after two years of cult.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Around the time of 1938—1939, Elfriede met musician Heinz Scholz.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Heinz was drafted into military service in the German War Navy in December 1940.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The couple married during Heinz's brief holiday in May 1941, and Elfriede took her husband's surname.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The marriage fell short, as Heinz suspected Elfriede of cheating on her and demanded a divorce after only a few months.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede travelled to Heligoland, where Heinz had been stationed.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The couple negotiated a separation, and according to Heinz, Elfriede agreed to break up, but retracted his decision a little later.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The distinction came to fruition in the spring of 1943 when Heinz self-initiated seeking resignation.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Elfriede concentrated on maintaining her sewing server business in Dresden in her home apartment.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

She marketed her business specifically to housewives belonging to the wealthy exalted.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [2] The People's Court In the autumn of 1943, Elfriede Scholz was made a whistleblower for the Gestapo accusing him of speeches against Adolf Hitler, the National Socialist regime and the war.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The whistleblowing was made by his landlady, Mrs. Toni Wentzel, and a young client, Mrs. Ingeborg Rietzel, whom Scholz considered a friend in addition to his client relationship and whom he had frequently visited.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] She was arrested and taken to Berlin's prison for women in Barnimstrasse.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [3] Scholz's trial took place in the People's Court of Nazi Germany in October.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

A team made up of SS men and police officers served as boarders.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Roland Freisler, chairman of the court, told Elfriede: “Sadly your brother got out of our hands, but you cannot get out of our hands.” [1] By his statement, Freisler referred to Scholz's writer brother, who had emigrated as early as 1931, two years before the National Socialist the party rose in Germany to power.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

As one of their first acts, the Nazis ordered books written by dissidents to be burned.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Top of the combustion list was the bestseller from the Western Front, Nothing New (1929), written by Erich Maria Remarque.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Although Remarque did not live in Germany, the Nazis regarded him as a disgraceful memory and continued to persecute him by any means possible, including forbidding to publish news about him and stripping him of his German citizenship.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] According to an indictment statement referring to Ingeborg Rietzel's testimony, Scholz had criticized Hitler as follows: “What happiness has he [Hitler] brought us?


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

All those who go to the front are nothing but slaughter cattle left on his conscience.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

If only I could, I'd shoot a ball into his skull myself.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

I would take responsibility for the act with pleasure.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

At least the Germans would get rid of this man.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

I would gladly sacrifice myself.” and “Is this idiot going to destroy all German cities before he makes peace?” In addition, Scholz had spoken of enemies in a positive tone: “I have traveled the world and met many people.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

When our enemies arrive, here it's not going to be so terrible.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

They are much better than we are allowed to realize, and the fact that the whole world hates Germany is its own fault.” Relative to the time, these opinions were quite typical.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Saturation with war and the Nazi regime spread in Germany especially after the Battle of Stalingrad had ended in defeat and when Western Allied bombers began bombarding cities.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

To silence the criticism, Roland Freisler's People's Court took a more harsh view of all criticism and the number of death sentences for defaitism increased throughout the period towards the end of the war.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] In the short trial, little place was left for an actual defense, although according to the transcripts he presented himself innocent.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

She was defended by a female lawyer who sought to save her client by appealing for the mercy of the court.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The defence said Scholz's illness had made her pessimistic in nature, and she had only uttered her criticising comments when her sister Erna's home had been destroyed in the Osnabrück bombings and her former husband's home had burned down in the Hamburg bombings.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The lawyer cited the writer's brother as having had a negative influence on him in his childhood, but added the brother's influence had weakened, as Scholz had not met this for 13 years.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] Sentence Appeal for Mercy was dismissed, and after an hour-long session Elfriede Scholz was sentenced to death by beheading.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Only testimony from Toni Wentzel and Ingeborg Rietzel was enough to reach the verdict, although none of Scholz's roughly 100 clients and acquaintances in Dresden joined in supporting the whistleblowing.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[3] [2] Elfriede Scholz was forever declared dishonorable for having uttered doubts about war success, mocking the Führer and making pronouncements exuding defeatism in front of Rietzel, the captain of the Wehrmacht.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The death sentence was recorded on the form to be supplemented, which applied in a number of similar cases.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] [2] Scholz's defense attorney immediately sent a petition to amend the sentence, but it was overturned.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz was taken to Plötzensee Prison to await the execution of the sentence, which was to take place on 25 November 1943.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Scholz's head was shaved bald in the morning, and he was allowed to meet the prison priest one last time.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

He waited by the hour until news finally came in the afternoon that the documents required for execution had been destroyed in an Allied bombardment.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The documents had to be recast, so his execution was postponed.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] Execution The defense attorney visited Scholz on 6 December 1943 and sent a further petition to commute the sentence the very next day.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[1] The petition was complemented by a statement from Scholz's client Countess Monika Finckenstem that the Countess had never heard Scholz ever utter a cross-sectional word in all the years in which she had known Scholz.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

According to Countess Finckenstem, both informants were additionally “highly unreliable persons.”


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[2] On December 13, Scholz was informed of a new execution date, the 16th day of the same month.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Surprisingly, on 15 December, the Ministry of Justice advocated an amendment petition and sent its amnesty decision on the death sentence on a trip to Plötzensee.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the information did not reach the prison in time, and the next morning Elfriede Scholz was beheaded.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[4] When the decision arrived, the official briefly marked it: “Time to perform!” [1] To the memory of my sister Elfriede, Erich Maria Remarque did not speak or write about her sister, and no mentions can be found in her diaries.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

After the war, he wrote the book Der Funke Leben (1952), which tells the story of prisoners of a concentration camp near the fictional town of Mellern.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

In the first edition published in the United States, a dedication inscription “To the memory of my sister Elfriede” is found.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

However, in the first edition published in Germany in 1952, there is no proprietary inscription.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

According to the Hilton Times, the reason for the omission of ownership may have been the antipathy still known in postwar Germany to the writer labelled as a traitor to the National Socialists, or a reluctance to recall the atrocities of the Nazi regime.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

However, the proprietary inscription can be found in newer German editions.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[5] [6] [2] There is no person like Scholz in the book, but his fate is referenced a few times.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

In one scene, Remarque writes, “one of the Nazis' first achievements in the field of culture was to move from the guillotine to the use of the decapitation axe.”


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

In another, one of the characters utters to her carelessly speaking husband: “For God's sake be more careful!


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Where's the handmaid?


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

We are death's own if anyone hears us.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

The People's Court feels no mercy.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Even one whistleblowing is enough!”.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[7] Remarque knew full well that by killing her sister, the Nazis were sending her a message of their desire to kill her.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[6] Erich Maria Remarque, despite his anti-war stance, was not a very political figure, and during the Weimar Republic he had been mainly neutral towards the Nazis.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

It was not until experience with the Nazis, and especially the fate of the sister, that led him to bring up his political points.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Alongside Der Funke Leben, Black Obelisk (), published in 1956, criticises both Nazis and Germans for believing in Nazi promises.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

[8] The book contains the famous quote: “I suppose it always is.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Death manifests itself in an individual, while two million denotes a mere statistical number.” [9] in Scholz's birth town of Osnabrück, a street named in his memory in 1968, Elfriede-Scholz-Straße.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Erich Maria Remarque wrote, “I am deeply touched by this generous and noble gesture.” [10] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Wagener, Hans| title = Understanding Erich Maria Remarque| publisher = University of South Carolina Press| year = 1991| isbn = 0872497402| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tims, Hilton| title = The Last Romantic: A Life of Eric Maria Remarque| publisher = Hachette UK| year= 2013| isbn = 1472113357| language = Transclusion error: {I} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

References Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What city did Elfriede Maria Scholz grow up in?

Elfriede Scholz

Category:Persons of Nazi Germany Class:Germans executed Class:Those born in 1903 Class:Those who died in 1943


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (often including ancient Rome) was a vast empire that grew on the basis of the ancient Roman city-state, encompassing the entire Mediterranean region.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The earliest signs of settlement in the Roman city area date from the Bronze Age to about the 14th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[1] Urbanization probably started in the 7th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Rome developed over the centuries as a world power surrounding the Mediterranean Sea.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In 395, the kingdom split in two, into the Western and Eastern Roman Empires, of which, however, Western Rome fell as early as 476, when its last emperor was deposed.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Attempts to unify the Roman Empire under Eastern Roman leadership ended with the rise of Islam in the 6th century.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Yet East Rome, or Byzantium, existed, albeit greatly diminished in its territory, until the Turkic takeover of Constantinople in 1453.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[2] Furthermore, the Empire of Trebizond survived until 1461 and the Principality of Theodoro until 1475.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

History Early stages Information about the early days of the Roman city is largely shrouded under myths and legends.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

According to contemporary conception, Rome originated as a Bronze Age village community perhaps around the year 1000 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

around, maybe somewhat earlier or later.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

There appears to have already been human habitation in the area prior to this from hunting and fishing.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Gradually, traces of nomadic, farming and burial rites appear in the archaeological evidence, then trade, social hierarchy, warfare and village-like settlement.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[3] The territory of present-day Italy was home to many peoples at the time.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The northern part, Gallia cisalpina, or “Gaul of the Alps”, was not actually considered to belong to Italy, but was read to Gaul.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This land, divided into two halves by the Padus river Po, was forested and fertile.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Its inhabitants were predominantly Gaulish.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The central part, which was actually said to be Italian, was inhabited by three main tribes: the Etruscans, the Sabinese and the Latins.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Etruscans, held together by a strong clergyman government, developed early into a locally significant civilising nation in areas such as trade and building arts.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Sabine people, ruled by the heads of the character lineages, were the largest tribe in Italy, divided into many smaller peoples.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Latins, whose society was more vernacular, made an early union of free cities among themselves, and was first led by Alba Longa, then Rome.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[4] 8th century BCE


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

there are signs of Greek influences, perhaps from the Greek colonies of southern Italy.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The cities of Greater Greece, especially Cumae and its colonist-grown Neapoli (Naples), and the Doorian Tarentum, brought Greek influences to Italy.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[4] Rome was the place where the territories of the Etruscans, Sabines and Latins coincided.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

That's how it took on itself influences from all of these three peoples.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The town's earliest population, according to stories, were exiles and vagrants of predominantly Latin descent.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Later, Sabine people migrated to the city.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Last was a period of strong Etruscan influence.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Already in Rome's oldest society, there was a strong confrontation between Sabine-Etruscan supremacy and Latin vernacularity.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[4] The Kingdom of Rome was founded, according to the lore, by the brothers Romulus and Remus on 21 April 753 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

According to lore, Romulus became the first king of the city in 753 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The six kings who followed Romulus are considered real persons, but there are believed to have been other kings besides them.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Roman historians dated the founding of the city just to the mid-7th century, as they knew the republic came into existence around 500 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

and believed the city had been ruled before it by seven kings.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[5] From the King period 753—509 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

there are no surviving documentaries.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Greek historians were, yes, aware of the growing city-state in Italy, but they did not write about it until the war between Rome and Tarentum in the 270s BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

During the two centuries preceding the beginning of the period, historians wrote a number of works on the king period, but they used Roman and Greek folklore as their sources, and many things have been invented, exaggerated or concealed.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[5] Not much is known about the six true kings of Rome, especially the first three, of whom only names are known in practice.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Historians associated with kings afterwards the genesis of various Roman customs and institutions.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Numa Pompilius' time is reported to have been peaceful, and he is reported to have founded all the religious institutes and traditions of Rome.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The time of his successor Tullus Hostilius is reported to have been belligerent.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In the time of Ancus Marcius, the religious renewal and warfare of the united is told.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

During the last three kings of the 6th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

in the late and 5th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Rome urbanized.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[5] During the period 700—650 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The hills of Rome were united, which tells, for example, the story of the robbery of the Sabinometers.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In the 6th century, Rome spread to Latium and destroyed its mother city, Alba Longa.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[6] [3] From the 7th century, signs of pilings have been found in Roman territory indicating some form of fortification.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Rome, under the influence of Etruscan culture, began to form as an urban community in the 6th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

within.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The marsh between the hills was drained.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

At this point, Rome did not much separate from the other cities of Latium.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Segregation occurs in the 5th century.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Walls, government buildings and religious buildings can be found from this period.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In addition, drawing inscriptions written in Greek letters have been found.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[3] Republic Tradition states that the last king of Rome, Tarquinius Superbus, was deposed in 509 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The stories tell a small number of people about revolution.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This may also have been a clash between the Romans and the Etruscans, or a conflict between the king and the supremacists.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The displacement may also have been gradual.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

On the other hand, a republic might not be moved to until the 4th century BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

in the conflict between plebeians and patricians.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[7] Rome became a republic led by two consuls elected from members of the Senate by the citizens for year-long terms in office.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Roman citizens were divided into hereditary privileged patricians and inferior plebeians.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Influential patrician families were represented in the Senate, so the leadership of the state was practically in the hands of a narrow segment of the people.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The consuls initially assumed the role of king, except for the position of High Priest of Juppiter.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The rex sacrorum, or king of sacred things, was elected to this position.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[8] Marriages between classes were not allowed until 445 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

For the plebeians, 494 BCE was established.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

the post of folk tribune to which no patrician could be elected.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This was the only post open to the lower class, but it had great privileges.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Religious positions had later been limited to patricians only.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Disagreements sometimes became so great between the social classes that the plebeians took their families and belongings and left the city, camping outside it until their demands were agreed to.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This was the case in 494, 450 and 287 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The most common point of contention was land allocation.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Gradually, the privileges of the patricians were dismantled and the posts were opened to the plebeians.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The old patrician lineages and successful plebeian lineages merged together to form a new upper class.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[9] [10] With its rise to world power Rome gradually expanded the territory it controlled.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In the 4th and 3rd-centuries BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

many wars were fought against the other states and tribes of Italy.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

At first Rome was just one of Italy's many city-states.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

However, victorious wars and skillful diplomacy gradually brought the Etruscan, Greek, Latin, Samnic, Celtic, etc communities under Roman rule.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Their inhabitants generally did not receive Roman civil rights.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[11] The Apennine peninsula was entirely in Roman possession by 270 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Next, expansion continued to the coasts of the western Mediterranean, resulting in the Punic Wars against Carthage.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

As a result of the Punic Wars, Rome gained control of Sicily, Hispania and North Africa.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Then it was Macedonia, against which the Romans waged the so-called Macedonian wars.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Macedonia was defeated in 197 BC.. The Seleucids were beaten in present-day Syria in 189 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Rome was said in half a century to have spread its domination from Italy throughout the world known to antiquity.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[11] A period of civil wars Rome was mired in crisis since 133 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

from.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This led to a series of civil wars and dictatorships.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Part of the problem was the change in social structure.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Considered the backbone of Roman society, the class of free peasants contracted as large farms farmed by slave labour grew.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

People applied to cities in which a restless and poor population was formed.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Gracchus brothers attempted to enact a land reform aimed at reviving the peasantry, but were orchestrated to death by the Senate representing the grand landowners.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[12] The Senate-led army suffered defeats against Jugurtha, king of Numidia, 111—105 BCE, in the First and Second Sicilian Slave Revolts, and against the Kimbres in 105 BCE.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Marius, the victor of the Kimbrie, replaced an army composed of conscribed peasants with professional soldiers recruited from among the poor population.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Over the next few decades, warlords pursuing power with the help of legions loyal to themselves became a recurring phenomenon in Roman politics.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The city-state's republican form of government no longer functioned smoothly within the empire.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[12] Slaves rose again in revolt in 73 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Led by Spartacus in the Third Slave Revolt.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Spartacus's forces struck many legions before losing to Crassus.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

As a result of the revolt, 6000 slaves were crucified along the Via Appia.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In 91 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

almost all of Italy revolted, and was pacified only by giving all the inhabitants south of Po River citizenship.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Meanwhile, King Mithridates VI of Pontos took Bithynia, and Sulla, the warlord sent to overthrow him, marched to Rome with legions proclaiming himself dictator.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

After Sulla retired in 79 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

the republic was restored.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[12] [13] The warlords Pompey and Julius Caesar conquered Syria and Gaul from the Rhine all the way to the Atlantic.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In 49 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Caesar returned to Rome with his army, starting a civil war, upon the end of which Caesar seized power, rising to dictator.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[12] In 44 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Caesar was assassinated by conspirators in the Senate, after which a new period of civil wars began.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

See also: Roman Civil War Beginning of the Imperial period After Caesar died his niece's son, Octavian, became the first Roman emperor under the name Augustus after the new civil wars.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Augustus was succeeded by emperors of the House of Juliusten-Claudiustes (e.g.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Tiberius and Nero) and these Flaviuses (e.g.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Vespasianus).


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The years 96—180 are considered the period of the Empire's greatest heyday.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In this case, Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius and Marcus Aurelius ruled.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Marcus Aurelius was forced to fight on the Danube frontier against the Germans.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This Marcomani War gave a foretaste of the problems of the centuries to come.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In 193, the powerful Septimius Severus came to power, followed by the Severuste dynasty that ruled until 235.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[14] After Augustus defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra, Egypt was annexed to Roman rule in 31 BC.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Subsequently, the Mediterranean Sea was in its entirety within Roman territories.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Augustus also made an attempt to annex Germania to the kingdom as far as Elbe.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

However, it was not successful, as the Roman army lost the Battle of Teutoburg in 9.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Subsequently, the northern border of the kingdom ran from the Black Sea to the North Sea, primarily along the major rivers, the Danube and the Rhine.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

A few more conquests were made after the time of Augustus.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Under Claudius, Rome conquered Britain.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The last significant conquests were made under Trajan.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In 106, Daak (approximately present-day Romania) was conquered, which was lost in 270.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In the east, the conquest of Mesopotamia was short-lived (114—117).


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[15] [16] See also: Roman Emperor Crisis of the 200th Century Crisis is an appellation commonly used from the period of dissolution of the Roman Empire, which existed around the years 235—275.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The kingdom then came on the brink of destruction.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

At the same time, the so-called period of military anarchy, 235—284, is also set.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[17] [18] Rome had more than 35 different rulers during the crisis period.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Most of these were warlords who had risen to the rank of emperor with the support of the warfolk and gained power either throughout the kingdom or in some part of it.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Nearly all emperors of this period, however, were murdered or died in battle usually only a few years after their admission to power; with the only exception Claudius Gothicus, who died of a pestilence.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In addition to politics, the economy was also crisis-hit.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

On the other hand, many other problems also emerged, including unrest, disease and civil wars.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Internal unrest manifested itself as separatist aspirations, for example.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Postumus, who founded the so-called Gallic Empire in the west, and Queen Zenobia in the east, both sought to achieve independence from the central government.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[19] At an earlier stage, efforts had been made to move the army further away from the centres of power, thus stabilizing the state.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Now the army returned to the centre of power and dominates society as a whole.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

It also grew significantly.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The army began to recruit outsiders, especially Germans.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Settlements in the frontier areas were deserted in many places.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In the 200th century, the empire also experienced its first serious military defeats in centuries.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Germans plundered in many places, the Goths defeated Decius, and Persia emerged as Rome's rival.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Emperor Valerianus was taken prisoner by Sapor I, King of Persia.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The story goes that she was skinned.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[20] [18] After 35 years of such spending, the kingdom was in the tongues of death.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

However, Aurelianus, counted among Rome's most talented emperors, managed to secure the borders of the empire.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Diocletian continued to consolidate conditions.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Survival from the crisis, however, was probably more by chance and dictated by structural factors than by individuals.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The Tetrarchy, or Four Emperors Power Tetrarchy, or “Four-Power”, was a system of government introduced by Emperor Diocletian in 293 to solve the kingdom's serious military and economic problems.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The kingdom was divided into western and eastern parts.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Diocletian himself kept the East in his power and gave the West to his fellow ruler Maximianus.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Eight years later, Diocletian felt that even more attention should be given to problems of both military and civilian nature.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

In this case, a sub-emperor, or “caesar”, was appointed to both emperors, an “augustus”.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

This tetrarchical system survived until about 324.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The first tetrarchs were Diocletian (Emperor of the East), Galerius (Sub-Emperor of the East), Maximianus (Emperor of the West), and Constantius Chlorus (Sub-Emperor of the West).


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

[21] [22] Late antiquity Late antiquity usually refers to the years 300 and 600 or so.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

the time between.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The development of Late Antique Rome has traditionally been perceived as decadence, manifested in the collapse of the Imperial central government and the shake-up of the basic structures of the economy and society.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

According to the criticism of this view, it was rather a process of change that should not be judged on the basis of the outcome, the Middle Ages.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The line of interpretation emphasising decadence highlights the disappearance of the Western Roman Empire, military defeats, internationals, and the decline of urban culture, especially in Western Rome.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Scholars stressing change and continuity again highlight the flourishing of (Christian) culture, the preservation of ancient heritage, and especially the heyday of Eastern Rome in the late 4th century and under Emperor Justinian.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

The most notable feature of Late Antiquity is the spread of Christianity and the consolidation of its status.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

At the same time, a monastic institution was also born.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Many emperors were hostile to Christianity and launched persecutions, but during the reign of Constantine I the Great in 313 share.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

given the Edict of Milan allowed the practice of Christianity and at the same time elevated it to one of the official religions of Rome.


Question: By what other name was the Eastern Roman Empire known?

Roman Empire

Constantine also moved the capital to Constantinople, “New Rome”, although even old Rome retained its great symbolic importance.