Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[20] Release versions Prepare to Die Edition In 2012, a special edition of the game was released, which includes the Artorias of the Abyss add-on and other new features in addition to the original game.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

The version features an even wider map, as well as more enemies and weapons.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

The version also comes with an arena where players can fight opposite each other.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Several programming errors have been fixed.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Around the same time, the game was also released for the Windows platform.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

The add-on has received criticism that its content is really hard to access.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

A lot of players have had to start the game from scratch just to get into add-on content after dozens of hours of toiling.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[8] Dark Souls Remastered The game is becoming a “Remastered” version for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Nintendo Switch, as well as Microsoft Windows platforms.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[21] [22] [23] [24] [25] This version also includes the add-on Artorias Of The Abyss.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Reception of the game received almost a full score from most critics.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

G4 and Eurogamer gave the game a full score.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

The game has received plenty of plaudits for its challenge, boss resistors, level design, fluid battle system, overwhelming atmosphere, and visual look.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[8] The game won several prizes on its appearance.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Dark Souls received several “Game of the Year” awards and, among others, the “Best Boss Fight” award.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[26] Change Dark Souls and Demon's Souls have served as a source of inspiration for Sony's PlayStation 4 game console online features.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

They are also absolute favorites of one of Sony's main developers, Shuhei Yoshida, on the PlayStation 3 game console.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[27] Players' own theories The plot and story of the game series are mysterious, and no important details are revealed about the story, but instead the game is to find out the events of the story itself and come up with the rest.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Because of this, many videos have been made on YouTube in which the player tells their own view of what has happened in the game world.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

These videos are called Dark Souls Lore videos.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Currently, the most famous authors of DKSL videos are requiredVidya, as well as EpicNamebro.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[28] [29] [30] Ornstein is believed to appear in the game's sequel: there are beliefs that Ornstein did not die during the first game at all, and another theory is that Ornstein would have suffered a curse of immortality, whereby, like the player, he would have been reborn to the game sequel.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

A youtube user posting videos under the pseudonym Demanding Vidya has suggested that Dark Souls' degree of difficulty is as part of its game world story.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

In it, people are cursed to become monsters named hollows unless they find a purpose for their lives in a world full of death.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

All the people in the game are reincarnated after death, but each death brings the person closer to giving up, turning the human into a hollow.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Due to the difficulty of the game, this reflects the player's emotions and makes them part of the game's story: The player is likely to feel plenty of despair when he dies in the game constantly, but it will be possible for him to overcome all the challenges of the game if he does not give up but continues to try again and again until he finally finds and reaches his goal.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

[31] Sources References On the topic elsewhere at MobyGames Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was Dark Souls released?

Dark Souls

(in Japanese) Category:Action Role Playing Games Category:Open World Games Category:Video Games of 2011 Category:PlayStation 3 games Category:Xbox 360 games Category:Windows games Category:Screening Key Articles Category:From Software


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

The spine () supports the body and protects the spinal cord.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

The spine consists of vertebrae.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Humans have seven cervical vertebrae (singular vertebra cervicalis); 12 thoracic vertebrae (vertebra thoracica); five lumbar vertebrae (vertebra lumbalis); five sacral vertebrae (vertebra sacralis) fused into the sacrum (os sacrum); and four (sometimes three or five) tail vertebrae (vertebra coccyx) gea ), which are united into the tailbone (os coccygis).


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

[1] Each of the twelve ribs attaches to two thoracic vertebrae except the first, which attaches only to the first thoracic vertebra.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Between the vertebrae is the intervertebral disc (discus intervertebralis).


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Sections of the intervertebral disc are the circumferential annulus fibrosus, formed from ciliary cartilage, and the gel-like nucleus pulposus surrounded by it.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

[2] The dorsal side of the vertebrae has vertebrae arches (arcus vertebrae) with an opening in the middle (foramen vertebralis).


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Through the vertebral openings passes the vertebral canal (canalis vertebralis).


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

[1] In addition to the spinal cord, the vertebral canal contains blood vessels, nerves, liquor, i.e. cerebrospinal fluid and spinal membranes.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

With exceptions, between each pair of vertebrae leaves a pair of spinal nerves, which innervate different parts of the body.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

The number of ribs corresponds to the number of thoracic vertebrae in each animal species.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

The shape of the spine The human spine is normally on a bend looking from the side: there is a kyphosis in the thoracic spine, that is, a bend that makes the spine backwards convex.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

In the cervical and lumbar region, there is usually lordosis, i.e. a bend that makes the spine concave from behind.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

[1] Below the lumbar spine, the sacrum and coccyx together form a small kyphosis.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Scoliosis is a divergent (lateral) bend in the spine that is different from the median level.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Persistent scoliosis is an abnormal finding.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

[1] Fractures of the spine Fractures of the spine can be roughly divided into either traumatic or osteoporotic fractures, of which traumatic fractures usually arise to healthy bone as a result of high energy, for example a fall or a car crash.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Osteoporotic fractures are compression fractures of brittle bone that usually arise without injury when the vertebrae or vertebrae are pressed together.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Another important breakdown in fractures is whether they are stable or instable.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Instable fractures have a tendency to change their posture for the worse, which matters when choosing a treatment line.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Osteoporotic fractures are practically always stable.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Diagnostics The most common symptom of fractures of the spine is pain at the site of the damaged vertebral structure.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

If the fracture causes a surface of nerve structures, there may also be pain and dysfunction.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

in parts of the body innervated by nerve structures, such as the upper, or lower extremities.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Important in diagnostics is also to take into account the operating conditions of urination and defecation reflexes.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

The most common diagnostic tool for a fracture is an ordinary X-ray, but more accurate diagnostic relevance is provided by computed tomography examination, which is also of great help in assessing the stability of the fracture and the act of treatment line.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Symptoms can also be abnormal with more heat, that is, fever.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Treatment Treatment of vertebral fractures, in addition to the general state of health and requirements of the patient, must take into account the stability and neurological symptoms of the fracture.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Fractures can be treated conservatively, for example, with sedentary or bowed constraints or various orthoses, or by surgical treatment by stabilizing the spine with steel or titanium instruments.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Osteoporotic fractures can also be supported by medical cement.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Usually fractures begin to stabilize in a couple of three months, but actual ossification can last six months or more.


Question: How many vertebrae are on a person's back?

Backbone

Sources Category:Body Bone Class:Key Articles in Screening


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

The films generate revenue from a variety of revenue sources including theatrical screenings, DVD and Blu-ray sales, performing rights on television, and marketing.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

However, box office receipts in cinemas are the most important and principal metric when defining the success of a film.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

This is because, in addition to the old practice, that box office information is readily available compared to other revenue sources.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

This list lists the highest-grossing box office films and movie series of all time, and shows how box office receipts have grown over time.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

The list does not list income from other sources of income.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Traditionally, war films, musicals and historical dramas have been the most popular genres, but in the 21st century film series have been the most successful.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Seven of the eight Harry Potter films and all of Peter Jackson's films set in Middle-earth are among the fifty most successful films, in addition to which Transformers and Pirates of the Caribbean have been popular.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Superhero films are also of interest to cinema audiences: DC Comics' Superman and Batman and films based on Marvel Comics comics such as Spider-Man, X-Men and Marvel Cinematic Universe have been largely successful.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Of the 10 most-produced films, only two, the James Cameron-directed films Titanic and Avatar, are ones that have not been adapted from previously existing material.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Animated films are also popular: Disney has enjoyed success with the films Frozen — Frosty Adventure (the highest-grossing animated film) and The Lion King, in addition to which the company's Pixar films Toy Story and Looking for Nemo have received the most acclaim.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

While inflation has worn away the success of most films of the 1960s and 1970s, there are film sets from that period that continue to receive new films.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

For example, new Superman, James Bond and Star Trek films are released intermittently, while the Star Wars and Planet of the Apes film series were brought to life after a long hiatus; Indiana Jones also made a successful return to the big screen after a twenty-year hiatus.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Some of the older films that have dominated the title of the most producing film are incapable of competing with contemporary films, although their returns are considerable in modern money.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

For example, Gone with the Wind, which was the highest-grossing film for 25 years, wouldn't even fit into the top 50, but when adjusted for inflation, it would still be the highest-grossing film.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

All yields are expressed in U.S. dollars at their nominal values unless otherwise noted.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Highest grossing films In this list films are listed according to their revenue in cinemas.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Thirty films have reached box office takings of more than $1 billion, with Avatar in first place.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

No account has been taken of ticket price inflation, population size or ticket-buying trends.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

means the movie is still being shown in theaters.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Highest grossing films — inflation-adjusted list Most lucrative films Highest-grossing movie series means that something from the movie series is still being shown in theaters.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Highest grossing films (You can see films in the series by pressing “View”) See also List of most watched films in Finland Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Block, Alex Ben & Wilson, Lucy Autrey| title = George Lucas's Blockbusting: A Decade-by-decade Survey of Timeless Movies Including Untold Secrets of Their Financial and Cultural Success| publisher = Harper Collins| year= 2010| isbn=978-0-06196-345-2| language = Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

References Revenue Sources Elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: How much return has the Avengers: Infinity War movie made?

List of highest-grossing films

Category:Lists of films


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked animals (Monotremata) are mammals that, rather than giving birth to live chicks, reproduce by laying eggs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[1] [2] Beaked animals are the only mammals to have an egg-laying inherited from reptiles and therefore belong to the subclass of egg-laying mammals (Prototheria) as the only surviving order.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[3] [4] [5] Beaked animals belong to mammals because they are able to breastfeed their chicks with milk secreted by the mammary glands and have a coat of hair.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

However, they do not have nis.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Other mammalian features include a uniform lower jaw, a four-part heart, three middle ear bones, and a flat thermality.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Reptile-like features in addition to egg-laying include several buttrestrial features, such as the orientation of the femur and humerus along the ground and the cloac, or opening, with which the animal handles reproduction, defecation, and urination.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[6] The scientific name Monotremata () for beaked animals refers to cloac.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Nowadays beaked animals are found only in Australia and New Guinea, where this very primitive and ancient order of mammals has been present for millions of years.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked animals are among the few mammals that have an electric sense.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The reproductive and lifestyle patterns of beaked animals completely distinguish them from other current mammalian species.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

They've changed quite a bit, which is why they call them living fossils.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The order of beaked animals today includes two tribes with a total of five surviving species.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[5] [7] The only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae (Ornithorhynchidae) is the semi-aquatic seagull (Ornithorhynchus anatinus).


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[1] In the family of nettle hedgehogs (Tachyglossidae), there are four terrestrial species in two genera; the beak hedgehog (Tachyglossus aculeatus), probossus beak (Zaglossus bruijni), Zaglossus bartoni and Zaglossus attenboroughi.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[5] [8] The beak and aquatic pigtail have been assessed as vibrant, but the other three species are extremely endangered.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[9] In addition to the living species mentioned above, a number of extinct prehistoric species are classified within the order of beaked animals, known only from fossils.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Evolution and Taxonomy Evolution The first animals to be classified as mammals evolved from reptiles about 200 million years ago.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The first mammals were miniature insectivores that moved around at night.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Using DNA studies, the differentiation of the developmental arm of Ptotheria mammals from other mammals has been timed back 166 million years.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The earliest known beaked animal is the Teinolophos beaked animal.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The fossil found is 123 million years old.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Another Cretaceous beaked animal fossils belongs to the Steropodon beaked animal, which was one of the most large-sized mammals of its time.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[10] Even the larger beaked animal was the Kollikodon, whose body length may have been up to one metre.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Today, living species of beaked animals have very similar characteristics to their ancient ancestors.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

It is plausible that the beaked animals had spread over large areas around Gondwanamannerta in the southern hemisphere, as a 62 million-year-old tooth belonging to the Monotrematum sudamericanum aquatic species has been found in Patagonia in South America.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

A very rich group, however, it was not.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The earliest beaked silicon fossils date back to the Middle Iocene period, or about 15 million years ago, and belong to the “Zaglossus robusta” species.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The kinship relationship between beaked hedgehogs and beaked animals that lived in the Cretaceous is still unknown, nor is it known when the beaked hedgehogs have differentiated into their own tribal lineage [5].


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Aquatic pigs and beaked hedgehogs have sometimes been divided into separate orders Platypoda and Tachyglossa [5].


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Naked herbs include the two genera Tachyglossus and Zaglossus.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[11] There is one known prehistoric genera, Megalibgwilia, which disappeared about 50,000 years ago.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Taxonomy The first aquatic pigtail animal skin was introduced to Europe in the late 18th century and George Shaw had it examined.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The discovery was considered an exceptionally well-made hoax among many other animal species hoaxes.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

However, unable to verify signs of a hoax, Shaw was forced, after lengthy studies, to describe the species in his 1799 edition of The Naturalist's Miscellany.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Seven years earlier he had already had time to photograph a beaked hedgehog, but it didn't seem a very interesting case because he resembled a hedgehog very familiar to Europeans.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

It was not until 1802 that the first complete aquatic species was obtained to Europe, when it could be identified with certainty as a genuine animal species.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Zoologists in the 19th century were unable to believe that beaked animals reproduced by laying eggs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

In the 1880s, William Hay Caldwell, a Scot, set out to study beaked animals and found them with Aboriginal assistance.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

On the second day of September in 1884, he sent a brief telegram to the Baas Science Society in which he noted information already familiar to Aborigines: “Beaked animals oviparous, eggs meroblastic.” Scientists could not but accept as true that some mammals actually lay eggs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

In the case of beaked hedgehogs, studies had fallen short as attention had turned to aquatic pigtails.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The German Richard Semon, through his extensive studies, patched this gap and answered many questions about cam hedgehogs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[12] At the end of the 19th century, two species of beaked hernia were known and in 1907 a third species was discovered.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[5] The most recent species of beaked hedgehog, Zaglossus attenboroughi, was not described to science until 1998.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[5] Appearance and Physiology Appearance Beaked animals include two very different tribes.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Of these, aquatic pigtails resemble a waterfowl due to their beak and webbed feet, but they move on four legs and have five toes on each flipper.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The tail of the aquatic pigtail is very wide and thin, like that of a beaver, as well as hair-coated.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Aquatic pigs have adapted to aquatic life because their streamlined physique and their flippers allow them to swim in water at a fast pace.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The fur is soft, silky and brown in color like otters.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The pelts were sought-after and valuable, which is why aquatic pigtails were hunted so much that their population was clearly deteriorating.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The beaked hedgehogs, on the other hand, resemble common hedgehogs or small spiny pigs because of their dorsal spines, but differ from these especially in the structure of the nose.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

In beaked hedgehogs it is long and thin, while in hedgehogs it is short-shaped.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Spikes also have distinctly longer spines.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The broad five-toed limbs of beaked hedgehogs are great for rooting insects from beneath the ground, and in physique they are very vanter and muscular.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[13] The beaked hedgehogs are dark brown in colour, but the spines are yellowish-whitish.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The adult aquatic pigtail weighs a couple of kilograms (1.5—2.5 kg) and is less than 60 centimeters long, of which the tail accounts for about 15 centimeters.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked hedgehogs are clearly bulkier than aquatic pigs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The beaked hedgehog (Tachyglossus aculeatus) weighs six pounds, has a body length of half a meter and a tail less than ten centimeters long.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked hedgehogs of the genus “Zaglossus” are the most bulky of the beaked animals, weighing about 10 kilograms.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Their length varies between 45 and 75 cents and their beaks are markedly longer compared to “Tachyglossus aculeatus” species.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

All beaked animals are united by the fact that males are larger than females.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[14] Physiology Both female and male aquatic pigs as well as male beaks have spiny spurs on their hind legs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Only the male aquatic seagot secretes poison through these.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[15] The clumsy toddling of beaked animals on land is due to their reptile-like limb bone structure.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Their shoulder and femur are oriented directly away from the body, perpendicular to their direction of travel.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

In other mammals, limb skeletal structures have evolved so that the bones are parallel to the direction of travel.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[15] Beaked animals have ribs on both the neck and thoracic vertebrae.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[6] Exceptional features of beaked animals also include the thousands of specialised cells located in their leather-coated beak that form a characteristic electric sense.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

With it, they easily localize other animals around them.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked animals, along with the undertoothed, are the only mammals that have no teeth at all, or at least they are very vestigial.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Naked herbs have only one tooth during life, which they need only to break an egg at the hatching stage.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Aquatic pigtails develop baby teeth, but they do not need them for anything.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked animals also completely lack tactile hairs, mammals and external ears.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Beaked animals, like other mammals, are flat-tempered, but have a low body temperature (30-33°C) compared to other mammals.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[6] [16] Nutrition and habitats The diet of the beaked hedgehogs consists of terrestrial invertebrates such as ants, termites and earthworms found at digging depths.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

They crush their prey by pressing their tongues against the palate.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The good sense of smell of beak hedgehogs is an advantage when it comes to food sourcing.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

In contrast, there is no consensus among scientists on the role of electric sense in predation.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

It is possible that the electrogenicity of the beaks has begun to slowly decline.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[17] The beaked herb (T. aculeatus) is the most widely distributed of the existing beaked animals and can be seen throughout Tasmania, Australia and New Guinea.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

It is not picky about habitats, as it is visited by the dry regions of Australia as well as the moist tropics forests of New Guinea.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[18] The aquatic pigtail is found in the wild only in the fresh waters of the temperate east coast of Australia.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

It preys completely under cover of its electric senses, as it closes its eyes in water and not very deep in the water the visual sense would be useful.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Nutrition involves the smallest aquatic animals it stores in its cheeks and rises to the water level to eat them until diving into the water again.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Behavior Beaked animals are nocturnal animals because they try to avoid sunshine.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

If they are disturbed or the temperature is low enough during the day, they can be seen moving around during the day.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

During cold times and due to lack of food, the beaked hedgehog may fall into hibernation.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[16] Beaked animals move alone, meaning they do not form colonies.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Reproduction Beaked animals reproduce oviparally, meaning they lay eggs and incubate them in a small pouch structure for 10—12 days until the chicks hatch.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The female lays eggs about three weeks after mating.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[17] Other mammals reproduce viviparously, that is, giving birth to live chicks.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

At one time, beaked animals receive between one and three, or in the case of beaked hedgehogs of the genus “Zaglossus”, four to six eggs, and once the chicks have hatched, the mammary glands of the parents begin to produce milk.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Other mammals have mammals through which the mother feeds offspring, but beaked animals do not have these structures.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Instead, they secrete milk into their fur, from which the chicks suck it.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The trait is important evidence for mammary developmental history research, as beaked animals have been used to conclude that mammary glands evolved from large sweat glands.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[19] The eggs of beaked animals are rounder than the eggs of birds and very small in size, approximately 13—15 millimeters in diameter.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The eggs resemble reptile eggs, for example, due to their leather-like superstructure.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Both beaked herbs and aquatic pigtails have two ovaries, but only one is functional in the aquatic genus.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The beaked hedgehogs take care of their chicks by shielding them in the pouch with which they previously incubated the eggs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Instead, the aquatic pigtail does not act in this way.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

After hatching, the beaked chicks are a few inches long and do not yet have a coat of hair.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

After hatching, they should not be exposed to sunlight as they die easily due to their fragile skin.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Because of this, the chicks of the beaked hedgehog remain for three months in the mother's pouch and the chicks of the aquatic pigtail in their nest.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Even at three months old, they are not ready for independence.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The mother begins weaning chicks after 4—7 months after hatching.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[6] [20] The estrus period for aquatic pigtails is set in spring, when male individuals struggle for the right to mate with turf females.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Because aquatic pigtails are clumsy on land to fight, they fight in water where they can use poison stickers located on their hind legs.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

After the winner is resolved, a pair of beaked animals begin a rotating motion dance in the water where the male has grabbed the female's tail.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

After courting, the male and female mate while still remaining in the water.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Males have a penis, which they use solely for mating, not for urination.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The beaked males, on the other hand, begin after the mating season begins to follow the female.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

At best, one female can be followed by six or seven males.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

After two to three weeks of following, the female enters the estrus and the males go into a circle formation trying to evict the contestants away.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

The male who remains last in the playoff gains the right to mate with the female.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[21] Also, beaked males have a penis that is not used for urination.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[16] The proportion of males in caring for offspring remains in mating, while the female is forced to live alone for the gestational period.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

During gestation, the female begins to build a nest burrow with a tunnel length that can be up to 20 meters long.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

[21] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Olendorf, Donna (ed.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

) | title = Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I (Volume 12) | publisher = Thomson| year = 2004| id = ISBN 0-7876-5788-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = McDade, Melissa C.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

(ed.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

) | title = Grzimek's Student Animal Life Resource: Mammals| publisher = Thomson| year = 2004| id=ISBN 0-7876-9183-6}} References on the topic elsewhere.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Arkive.org.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. Beaked animals in the Encyclopedia of Life web dictionary.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: What length is an adult beaked animal?

Naky beaks

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The Battle of Värtsilä was a battle of the Finnish Civil War fought on 8 February 1918 in the industrial agglomeration of Värtsilä, which was part of the keeper of Tohmajärvi.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The confrontation, which lasted less than a couple of hours, was the disarmament of the Red Guards of Värtsilä by the Joensuu Patronage Council.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The battle quickly ended with the surrender and exodus of the Reds, who barricaded themselves at the Workers' House, after which the village was left in the possession of the Whites.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The importance of the Battle of Värtsilä was great for North Kareliala.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

It ensured white supremacism, for which the region was spared subsequent clashes.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The takeover of Värtsilä also secured the retention of the Karelian Track, vital to the maintenance of the troops on the Karelian front.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

As the front line settled further south on the Karelian Isthmus, the clash eventually remained the only battle in North Karelia, and no fighting north of the front line was seen elsewhere in Karelia either.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The site of the Battle of Värtsilä remained in the territories ceded to the Soviet Union after World War II and is today located in the Värtsilä municipality of the Republic of Karelia, which belongs to Russia.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Before the civil war broke out, the Social Democrats had strong support in North Karelia, as in the autumn 1917 parliamentary elections the SDP received 45% support.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[1] However, the region remained wholly north of the front line in white-held territory.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[2] Since the autumn, the keepers of the Karelian Track had seen numerous conflicts between the Red Guards and the patron municipalities.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] From mid-January onwards, patrons of the region flocked to train in the surroundings of Joensuu.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

After the war started, they participated in the battles of the Karelian Front north of Vyborg and later North Karelian men also went to the front as conscripts.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Those stranded in turn protected the Karelian Track and other strategically important sites, as well as guarding the Soviet-Russian border.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[1] The leading social democratic agitator in North Karelia was August Wesley, who moved to his spouse's hometown of Joensu in the summer of 1917, who later became known as the Chief of Staff of the Red Guard.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[4] He was known for his unconditional line, Wesley announced as early as the November 1917 general strike that he would not agree to any kind of negotiation with the patronage municipalities.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[5] However, Joensuu's Red Guards were disbanded by the Whites as early as February, when Wesley fled the city and skied a distance of more than 300 km behind the front line to Lappeenranta.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[6] At that time, Värtsilä, which was still part of the municipality of Tohmajärvi, was one of the strongest red-supported areas in North Karelia.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Along with Kuopio, Oulu and Varkaus, the industrial community created around Wärtsilä Iron Rautaruukki was the most significant agglomerations located north of the front line, which at the beginning of the war remained in the possession of the Reds.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[7] The battle of Värtsilä and the stages leading up to it have been described by Pastor Kaarlo Aulis, who was the head of the local coeducational school, but his memoirs written almost ten years after the war are strongly coloured by the white vision.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[4] Events leading to the clash after the disbanding of the Joensuu Red Guards, the Whites decided to take control of Värtsilä as well, which nevertheless required the disarming of the local Red Guards.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] The weapons of the Red Guard in Värtsilä came from a shipment from Helsinki, delivered to August Wesley, Chief of the Joensuu Workers' Guard, following a general strike in early December 1917.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The rifles were confiscated by Joensuu Customs as a sluk, but after the city's Russian military personnel took possession of them, the weapons eventually ended up in the red.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[8] Some of the rifles were also obtained by the Värtsilä Red Guard, who stored them in the warehouse of Värtsilä Workers and Small Farmers Cooperative.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The head of the Red Guard was Juho Koski, a stockkeeper at the cooperative store, but apparently the store manager Ilmari Aura also knew about the secret weapons cache.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] The seizure of the Red Guard rifles in Värtsilä was part of a larger operation launched before the start of the Civil War to disarm the Russian garrisons in the Joensuu region and Ladoga Karelia.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[5] Initially convened negotiations in Värtsilä, on the initiative of the Council of Guardians, were nevertheless inconclusive.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] The Värtsilä Guardian Council now issued an ultimatum and set the deadline for surrendering the rifles on 2 February.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Subsequently, the holder of every unlicensed weapon would be viewed as an enemy of society.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[5] A department of patrons arrived from Joensuu on the day of the deadline, whose purpose was to carry out the searches, arrests and interrogations deemed necessary.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

However, no weapons were found and eventually the arrested Red Guards had to be let go free when they reported that the executive roads threatened the security of the locality.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

According to Reverend Aulis's memoirs, local laborers ran after the patrons, from whom women in particular shouted outrages and called them bays.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

On leaving, the Rivermouths gave a new deadline for the surrender of the arms, which expired at 9pm on 4 February.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[5] According to Aulis', after a failed attempt to confiscate Värtsilä, the Red Guard considered the patron to be weak and began disarming the bourgeoisie of the locality itself.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

However, his claim is apparently untrue, as on the new deadline day the Red Guards of Värtsilä and the environmental villages held a meeting resulting in the decision to surrender the weapons.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

However, at a new meeting a day later, a new decision was taken to engage in armed resistance.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[5] The Red Guard was preparing, in their own words, to fight “at least for bread.”


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

North Karelia was plagued at the time, like the rest of Finland, by severe food shortages and even partial famine.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Two dozen burghers of Värtsilä were still captured by the Reds before the clash, whose execution was prevented by Koski, chief of the Red Guards.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] The train carrying the patrons of Joensuu arrived at Värtsilä station on Friday 8 February at around 6 a.m.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

A group of just under 100 men led by Lieutenant Urho Peltonen was also joined by a small mounted crew from Lieksa.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Some 90 Sortavala patrons under Captain Aleksander Pell were also to come to the aid, but the train carrying them was late to the agreed timetable.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Lieutenant Peltonen did not wait for reinforcements, but after hearing that the Red Guards were in the Wärtsilä factory area a couple of kilometres away, turned the train onto the track leading there.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The patrons arrived at half past seven o'clock and immediately got off the train in the vicinity of the Värtsilä Workers' House, which served as the Red Guard's accommodation.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[9] [10] After noticing from the factory tower a train had arrived, the Reds performed the alarm by sounding a fire siren.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The Patronymen, who had emerged from the train, meanwhile, set out to advance in a broad chain towards the Workers' House behind the partridge, from where the Red Guards immediately opened fire on them.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The Labour House was located in the middle of the industrial colony of Värtsilä, so the Reds defended themselves against the invaders from their own cottages as well.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Women from their side also took part in the battle.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Eventually, after about an hour and a half of fighting, the whites managed to blockade the Labor House and take it with a scramble.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The sortavala patronage detachment, which marched from Värtsilä station, only reached the scene at this stage and apparently only the Reds fleeing from the battle scene.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[9] [10] The total number of Red Guards was around 220, [5] of whom another hundred were captured by patrons during the evening.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

There were also members of the Värtsilä Workers' Association who were not part of the Red Guard, such as Ilmari Aura, the leader of the cooperative movement, who was arrested at night from his home.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] Some of the Red Guards managed to escape to the surrounding dangers, from where whites tracked them for the weekend.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

After the battle, women and children also fled from Värtsilä, who returned after a couple of days.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Of those caught, 19 men and one woman were eventually transported as prisoners to Joensu and the others were let free.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[9] After the Riversuites left, the retrospective of the incident was left to Captain Pell's forces.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[10] There were demands among them for the immediate execution of all Reds, but the bank manager Raino Hallberg, who was head of Värtsilä's patronage, managed to thwart the intentions with his influence.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

In the end, only two Red Guards lists were executed, one of whom was the Chief of the Guard, Juho Koski.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Some of the Reds, such as Ilmari Aura, who was let free, escaped skiing to the Soviet-Russian side.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] The stubborn activities of the Joensuals received criticism afterwards from the Patronage Municipality of Sortavala.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

According to Viljo Jääskeläinen, who wrote in Kuvalehte in Finland, the heavy losses suffered in the battle were attributed to Peltonen's rash when he did not wait for reinforcements on the way.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[11] After the Battle of Värtsilä, armed activities of the working people ceased completely in North Karelia.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Despite this, the Reds were still openly supported, including the Rääkkylä Citizens' Assembly expressing support for the Finnish People's Delegation, and did not agree to stand behind the municipal patronage.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Eventually, however, even the last labour organisations were forced out of business by the end of February.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[2] In early March, the Whites began general conscription calls in North Karelia to get men to fight on the Karelian front.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

However, the invitations were boycotted in several localities.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

A Red Guard meeting had already been held in Rääkkylä a month earlier, where the decision to refuse invitations was respected by about half of the conscripts.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Attached fugitives were sent to Sortavala prison camp and at least one of those who refused invitations was also executed as part of the arrests.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

On the other hand, invitations went without refusals.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[12] However, some of the men who took part in the call-outs proved so unreliable that the whites did not allow them into the fighting.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

For example, 260 men were sent from Nurmes to the Raudu Front, who began rebelling already on the train journey.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Upon reaching their destination, they were disarmed and placed in fortification works.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[13] The refusals of Ränkkylä, Tohmajärvi and Kymytelysvaara fled to the forests of nearby areas.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Fearful of their reunification, the Patronage Corps received one hundred rifles from the White Army General Staff as well as sixteen thousand cartridges in case of possible guerrilla warfare.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

However, the situation in North Karelia remained calm until the end of the war.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[14] According to Pastor Kaarlo Aulis, however, the victory of the whites also encouraged people to join the patronage.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Värtsilä became a place of training and gathering of patrons, where volunteers going to the Karelian Front were trained.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[15] Losses and monuments in the Battle of Värtsilä fell seven patrons and three Red Guards.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[3] Six of the fallen whites belonged to Joensuu and one belonged to the patron of Sortavala.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

In addition, 15 Joensuuans were wounded.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[11] The White Hero Tomb in Värtsilä remained on the Soviet side after World War II.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

The site today houses a monument unveiled in 1992.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[16] Some of the fallen in Värtsilä were buried in a white hero tomb located at Joensuu Cemetery.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

Among them is the painter Kaarle Lintula, who worked as a teacher at the Kyytelysvaara folk college, who died of wounds he received in Värtsilä a day after the battle.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[17] After the battle, the Whites began purges, during which at least eleven Reds were executed in the locality during February—March.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[18] [19] Six of the prisoners transported to Joensu were subsequently executed.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[20] A monument to Red Guards shot in Joensuu is located at the execution site in Sialainen.


Question: What was the outcome of the Battle of Värtsilä?

Battle of Värtsilä

[21] Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Erkkilä, Jukka| title= “Everyone had to step into the ranks of the defenders of the country or its embezzlers”: Priests of Lower Karelia as interpreters of the Finnish Civil War 1918—1929| location = Joensuu| publisher = University of Eastern Finland | year = 2014| version=master's thesis in church history| format = [online version] (PDF)}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tainio, Jukka| title = From crossroads to left: Siberia as trade agent and Soviet-Karelia | location = Helsinki| publisher = Workers' history and tradition research| year = 2012| format = [online version] (PDF)}} References Coordinates: Category:Finnish Civil War Battles Category:Tohmajärvi Category:Värtsilä Category:History of North Karelia Category:History of ceded territories


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica is an American metal music band founded in Los Angeles, California in 1981 by vocalist and guitarist James Hetfield and drummer Lars Ulrich.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Famed for its fast-paced and heavy music, Metallica is one of the most prominent bands in metal music throughout the ages, and is known along with Megadeth, Slayer and Anthrax as one of the “big four” bands of the thrash metal genre.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In addition to James Hetfield and Lars Ulrich, who had been involved in the band since its inception, Metallica's line-up includes solo guitarist Kirk Hammett, who has played in the band since 1983, and bassist Robert Trujillo, who joined the band in 2003.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[1] Early in their career, Metallica garnered fans with their music especially in underground metal circles, but the band's first five albums also gained acclaim among critics.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica's third album Master of Puppets (1986) has been considered one of the heaviest and most influential thrash metal albums.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

With their fifth album, Metallica (1991), the band had musically moved closer to more conventional heavy metal, elevating the band more prominently to mainstream audiences.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[2] The album has sold over twenty million copies worldwide.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

After Metallica, the band recorded albums Load and ReLoad, which represented a lighter style, a cover album with Garage Inc., and a live album with S&M in association with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra, until making a return to their thrash roots with their 2008 album Death Magnetic.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2000, Metallica attracted attention with a lawsuit against file-sharing service Napster, launched by drummer Lars Ulrich after learning Napster was distributing the band's songs for free on the internet.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2004, the band appeared in a positive reception documentary film Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which depicted the band's harrowing crisis and strife and the recording of their eighth album, St. Anger (2003).


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2009, the band was nobly inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[3] A cross between concert video and film, Metallica: Through the Never, scripted by band members, premiered in 2013.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica have released ten studio albums, the latest being 2016's Hardwired... to Self-Destruct.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band has been a nominee for Grammy Award winners 23 times, winning nine Grammys in all.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[4] In the United States, where Metallica has sold over 58 million albums, the band's six most recent studio albums have debuted at the number one spot on the Billboard 200 album charts.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Worldwide, by 2018, Metallica's record sales have surpassed the mark of 125 million albums sold, making the band one of the most successful musical artists of all time.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Some of the band's best-known songs include “Master of Puppets”, “Fade to Black”, “One”, “Enter Sandman”, “For Whom the Bell Tolls” and “Nothing Else Matters”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

History Early Years (1981—1983) In the summer of 1981, Lars Ulrich met James Hetfield through one of his friends.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, Ulrich's audition for Leather Charm, composed of James Hetfield, Hugh Tanner and Ron McGovney, was not a success.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[5] Later, however, Lars contacted James after receiving permission from Brian Slagel to release one song on his Metal Massacre compilation album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[6] James agreed and, to his surprise, found that Lars's drumming skills had developed significantly.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

They recorded Leather Charm's early song “Hit The Lights” on which Hetfield and McGovney worked out guitars, bass tracks as well as sang and Ulrich played drums.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, the song still needed solos, but James Hetfield's skills were not yet sufficient for believable solos.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Eventually, judging by newspaper announcements, there were two viable candidates for Ulrich and Hetfield: one was Lloyd Grant and the other was Dave Mustaine.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[7] Both were allowed to attempt to play the solos for the song, and eventually Lloyd's version ended up on tape, albeit with Dave getting a spot as Metallica's second guitarist.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica's first song made it onto the Metal Massacre compilation, though, much to the chagrin of the band, its name was written in the form “Mettallica”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On later editions of the album, however, the typo was corrected and they also included a re-recorded version of “Hit The Lights”, with solos played by Mustaine, and bass played by Ron McGovney, familiar to James from pre-existing band activities.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[8] However, McGovney's career as the band's bassist did not continue for very long after he got tired of the constant drunkenness and partying of the rest of the trio, especially when he had to do the work.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Hetfield and Ulrich took note of McGovney's displeasure and began looking for a new bass player.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

They saw future bassist Cliff Burton at a concert by his then-band Trauma in San Francisco and became convinced of what they saw.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On the way home to Los Angeles, intervals between the band members became tense.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Black violent behavior while drunk began to conjecture others.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

McGovney grew tired of the other members' drunken antics and announced his resignation from the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The trio Ulrich, Hetfield and Mustaine began persuading Burton to join the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[9] This was conditional on him not having to leave his friends and family in San Francisco.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The members of Metallica moved to San Francisco and on December 28, 1982, the bassist became incumbent Cliff Burton.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band did not perceive Los Angeles as a suitable environment for them surrounded by the city's glam rock scene and were well received in San Francisco.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[9] Hetfield and Ulrich liked Burton's playing style and stage performance: “It felt like there was a solo guitar player playing on stage instead of a solo bassist.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

“[9] Burton, on the other hand, liked Metallica's aggressive and unpretentious style, and he had long been tired of Trauma.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[10] Crew changes continued in the spring of 1983 when the band went to New York to record their first-born album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On this trip, the band decided that a successor needed to be obtained for Mustaine.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In New York, after a couple of concerts, they fired Mustaine and took the place of Kirk Hammett, a founding member of the band Exodus.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[11] The difference was heavy for everyone.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, Mustaine made an impact in the band for almost a year.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[9] [12] Kill 'Em All and Ride the Lightning (1983—1984) In 1983, the band's first-born album, Kill 'Em All, was released.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Released by Megaforce Records in the United States and Music For Nations in Europe, the album was initially not a commercial success, but gained an increased Metallica fan base and rose to number 120 on the Billboard 200 chart with its 1987 reissue.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] Two singles were released from Kill 'Em Alli, 'Whiplash' and 'Jump in the Fire'.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Also, the song “Seek & Destroy” has become a fan favorite.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

With the release of the album, the band embarked on a United States tour.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The second album Ride the Lightning was released in 1984, from which the singles releases “For Whose the Bell Tolls”, the band's first ballad “Fade to Black”, and “Creeping Death”, about the plagues of ancient Egypt, emerged as hits.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On the album, the band went in a more melodic and ambitious direction.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

At the time of that album, Metallica asked John Bush (ex-Armored Saint, ex-Anthrax) as their vocalist, as Hetfield did not consider himself a good enough singer.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Bush, however, refused.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[9] Ride the Lightning ranked it at number 100 on the Billboard 200 list.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] Master of Puppets and first steps towards major success (1985—1986) In late 1985, the band's third album Master of Puppets was completed, which was released in March 1986.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album was a major success in metal music circles, although no singles were released from it.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Tracks such as the fast-paced “Battery”, the slow ballad-like “Welcome Home (Sanitarium)”, the instrumental “Orion” and especially the album's title track “Master of Puppets” emerged as classics.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The seventh track on the album was an over eight-minute piece of skill by Cliff Burton.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album was ranked on the Billboard 200 chart peaking at number 29 and it stayed on the chart for 72 weeks.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[14] The album was awarded a gold disc on November 4, 1986, and a six-time platinum album in 2003.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Many critics, including All Music Guide's Steve Huey consider the album to be “the best heavy metal album ever”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[15] Following the album's release, Metallica toured the United States with Ozzy Osbourne.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[16] The death of Cliff Burton and the new bass player (1986—1987) as Metallica travelled through Sweden towards Copenhagen, Cliff Burton and Kirk Hammett were pulling cards from sleeping places, leaving Burton with an upper bed in the back of the bus.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[17] At night, the tour bus drifted into a ditch in Dörarp in Ljungby Municipality, Sweden after the driver lost control of the bus.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In the accident, Burton flew out of the bus window, the bus rolled over on top of him, and he died instantly.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The official cause of death for Burton, who died at the age of 24, was a chest compression injury and resulting lung damage.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[18] It remains undetermined whether the driver was under the influence of alcohol or whether black ice was caused by the accident.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The rest of the band survived what happened without serious injury at Cliff Burton's funeral was played mainly a song he made, “Orion” and his body was cremated in the presence of a close circle.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Burton's death left the band's future in doubt.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, Hetfield, Ulrich and Hammett concluded that Burton would have preferred them to continue playing.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band began looking for a new bass player, and about 40 entrepreneurs visited the auditions.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Bassist Jason Newsted, who played in the band Flotsam and Jetsam, had learned all the songs in the band and, after auditioning, received an invitation to San Francisco.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Newsted became the band's new bassist, but had to endure bullying from the rest of the band for about a year, as the other members wanted to see if Newsted would be tough enough to hold ground in the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[19] Metallica played the end of the tour that had broken off due to Burton's death in early 1987.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In March 1987, Hetfield broke his wrist while skateboarding, causing the band to be forced to cancel their Saturday Night Live appearance.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In August, Metallica released an EP composed of covers, The $5.98 E.P.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

: Garage Days Re-Revisited, which aimed to test the playing skills of new bassist Newsted, to make use of the band's new recording studio and alleviate the grief caused by Burton's death.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 1987, the band released a still video compilation Cliff 'Em All in Burton's memory, which contained mainly footage of Burton shot by fans.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

... And Justice for All (1988—1990)... And Justice for All, the band's first album after Burton's death, was released in the fall of 1988.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album was a success and it reached number six on the Billboard 200 charts.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] The album sold a platinum album eligible for nine weeks after its release.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The mischief directed at Newsted reached the extreme during the recording sessions for the album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

His musical ideas were discarded and his playing was mixed on the record into almost inaudible ones.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[9] The album also featured the instrumental track “To Live Is To Die”, which remained as the last composition by the late Cliff Burton, containing a short poem written by Burton as recited by James Hetfield.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The song “Dyers Eve”, lyrics by Hetfield, is dedicated to his parents.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Three singles were released from the album, “Eye of the Beholder”, “Harvester of Sorrow” and “One”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

... From the And Justice for All album, Metallica's first music video, One paraphrasing Dalton Trumbo's anti-war novel Military Boy, was produced, which emerged as a hit.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The video was voted number 38 on MTV's “Top 100 Videos of All Time” list in 1999, and was the most desirable song on MTV's heavy metal programme Headbangers Ball.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[20] In 1988-89, the band was on a major Damaged Justice world tour.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The tour's Seattle gig has later been considered one of the band's best appearances.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 1989, Metallica received its first Grammy nomination for... And Justice For All.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica was an advance favourite, but the win eventually went to Jethro Tull's album Crest of a Knave.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

This decision caused controversy among fans and in the music press.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The decision also made it into Entertainment Weekly's magazine's “The 10 Biggest Disappointments” list of the Grammy Awards.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[21] Three years later, Lars Ulrich referenced what happened after Metallica won a Grammy Award for their song “Enter Sandman”, saying “We have to thank Jethro Tulli for not releasing an album this year”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Black Album/Metallica (1991—1993) In October 1990, Metallica relocated to North Hollywood to record their next album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Bob Rock, who had worked with artists such as The Cult, Bon Jovi and Mötley Crue, was hired as the album's producer.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica, also known as “The Black Album,” was remixed three times and cost $1 million to make.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 chart.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] The major radio hits that emerged from the album, “Enter Sandman” known for its guitar riff, the heavy “Sad But True”, and the melodic “Nothing Else Matters” put the band once and for all into the mainstream of metal music.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album has sold 15-times platinum in the United States and is thus the 25th highest-selling album in the United States.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica embarked on a world tour that lasted more than two years.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The tour began in Europe in the summer of 1991 when Metallica played on the Monsters of Rock tour along with Pantera and AC/DC, among others.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The European section ended on 28 September 1991 in Moscow, where a massive free concert was held at Tushino Airport.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Next, the band continued their tour of their homeland with a nearly year-long section of “Wherever I May Roam”, which ended in July 1992.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

At one concert on this tour, James Hetfield was in the wrong place at the wrong time while standing on a shower of fire.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

He received second- and third-degree burns.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[22] However, the tour was brought to a close and with Hetfield focusing solely on singing and in his place guitar was played by Kirk Hammett's longtime friend and the band's guitar technician John Marshall.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The “Wherever I May Roam” tour continued with a US stadium tour with Guns N' Roses, lasting until October 1992.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In late autumn 1992, Metallica toured indoor rinks in Europe, also stopping at the Helsinki Ice Hall on December 16.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 1993, the band continued their tour under the name “Nowhere Else To Roam”, stopping in Finland at Oulunkylä Sports Park in June 1993.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The long tour put a strain on the band members and problems began to pile up especially between Lars Ulrich and James Hetfield, who suffers from substance abuse problems.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica released a live compilation Live Shit: Binge & Purge in 1993, which included material from their 1989-93 appearances.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Load, ReLoad and Garage Inc.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

(1994—1999) After almost three years of touring, Metallica returned to the studio for a year to write and record their sixth album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Load was released in 1996 and it immediately rose to number 1 on Billboard's chart.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] On the album, Metallica again changed their style to a more pronounced lighter direction.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

It came as a shock to many fans that the band members had cut their long hair off.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Although the album rose to the top of the charts after appearing, it split fan opinions in two.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album did not become the same kind of classic as the band's previous output, but the songs “Until It Sleeps” and “Mama Said” received a lot of radio play.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

During the early stages of Loaded's production, the band produced enough material to allow them to release a double album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, the band decided to release half of the songs and finish the remaining songs the following year.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

This resulted in the album ReLoad, which, like Black Album and Loaded, ranked number 1 on the Billboard chart.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[13] James Hetfield said in the 2004 film Some Kind of Monster that Loaded and RELOAD's songs were mediocre in quality.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

To promote RELOAD, Metallica performed the songs “Fuel” and “The Memory Remains” on NBC's Saturday Night Live program in December 1997, the latter of which Metallica performed with Marianne Faithfull.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[23] The band took a lengthy touring hiatus during which Metallica recorded a collection of cover songs for Garage Inc.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

album, which included two discs.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The first disc of the album contained covers from Diamond Head, Black Sabbath and Thin Lizzy, among others.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The second disc briefly contained the Garage Days Re-Revisited EP released after Cliff Burton's death.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On April 21 and 22, 1999, Metallica recorded two more appearances with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The symphony orchestra was conducted by Michael Kamen, who had worked with Metallica previously on “Nothing Else Matters”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica wrote two new songs to play with the symphony orchestra, “No Leaf Clover” and “-Human”.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The appearances were released in 1999 as a double album and video, renamed S&M.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Problems (2000) In 2000, the mutual relations between the members of Metallica were inflamed.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band's internal division of labour had become pregnant for the members.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Drummer Lars Ulrich practically ran Metallica's business, guitarist-vocalist James Hetfield wrote almost all of the songs for the band and composed them together with Lars Ulrich.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Bassist Jason Newsted felt he was a “new” member of Metallica even after all his years, and didn't feel he was gaining the necessary appreciation in the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[24] Newsted also reported that James Hetfield did not tolerate the solo ventures of various members even during the band's season.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Newsted, for example, had several ensembles of their own over the years, including Echobrain and IR8.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[25] Metallica was on a trough: the previous two official studio albums Load and ReLoad failed to perform as expected, drummer Ulrich received negative publicity due to a Napster yupaka, Hetfield's substance abuse problems worsened and eventually bassist Newsted thought Metallica would break up.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[26] Newsted parted ways from the band in 2001.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Members other than Newsted, who already left the band, began to fear the band would break up.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[26] Napster (2000—2001) Metallica recorded the song “I Disappear” for the soundtrack of Mission: Impossible II, which turned out to be on radio play even before the song's release.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

While finding out the source that responded to the song leak, found the band file in the Napster file sharing program.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band also discovered that their entire production was on Napster for free download.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Of this, drummer Ulrich had enough and sued Napster, who distributed the songs.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[27] [28] He also won the trial.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The incident sparked protests among Metallica fans.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[29] [30] Metallica did not go to court with Napster alone.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 1999, the band also sued lingerie company Victoria's Secret [31] and, in 2000, the Guerlain cosmetics company for abuses of its trademark, the Metallica name.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[32] Compensation claims were settled outside the courtrooms.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[31] St. Anger album and new bassist (2001—2006) Despite problems, the trio Hetfield, Hammett and Ulrich, who were at the break-up point, decided to continue as a band through intensive therapy.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Recordings for the St. Anger album began in early 2001, but work was interrupted after Hetfield went into substance abuse rehab.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

There, Hetfield spent six months, keeping no contact whatsoever with the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The new album was not completed until 2003, following many misfortunes and shared therapy sessions, which were captured in Metallica's documentary Metallica: Some Kind of Monster.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Although making the album was difficult, for the first time in Metallica's history, for example, the lyrics of songs were actively involved by members other than James Hetfield.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The writing of the songs and the album's recordings were also slowed down by unconditional time limits for work imposed by Hetfield, who returned from substance abuse rehab and who began substance abuse therapy.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

James Hetfield, at the urging of therapists, was practically working day jobs at Metallica from twelve to four, after which Lars Ulrich and Kirk Hammett stayed with producer Bob Rock in the studio with each other to work on the material.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Among other things Ulrich this arrangement did not please, but Hetfield, despite requests, did not flex his time.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[26] Despite the clammy process, the album was completed in April 2003.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On the St. Anger album, producer Bob Rock played bass.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

During the album's completion, the band held auditions involving artists such as Jeordie White (Marilyn Manson), Scott Reeder (Kyuss), Eric Avery (ex-Jane's Addiction), Pepper Keenan (Corrosion of Conformity), Les Claypool (Primus), and Danny Lohner (former live bassist of Nine Inch Nails).


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

However, the final choice fell on bassist Robert Trujillo, who had previously played in Suicidal Tendencies and Ozzy Osbourne's band, who soon joined the band.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Trujillo's first public appearance occurred on May 6, 2003, at an MTV Icons event in New York City.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

According to the St. Anger album, a DVD was attached, with all songs from the album played in the band's rehearsal space live with Trujillo.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

St. Anger marked Metallica's return to heavier sound again.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band now played on lower-tuned guitars and bass than ever before, with almost all of the songs being played in Drop C tuning.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The aforementioned documentary film, Metallica: Some Kind of Monster, which had its world premiere at the cinema on May 21, 2004, details the recording sessions at St. Anger, and how the band got out of their difficulties with help from therapist Phil Towle, among others.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

From St. Anger, the title track “St.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Anger”, whose highest ranking on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks list was 2.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Another song that performed well on the same list was “Frantic”, which rose to number 21.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2004, the band released the Some Kind of Monster EP, supporting the film of the same name.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The EP included live tracks from the 2003 Paris concert as well as two versions of the new “Some Kind of Monster” song.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2004, Metallica played their first post-bass player change Finland concert on 28 May 2004 at the sold-out Helsinki Olympic Stadium.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

More than half a year earlier, the approximately 41,000 tickets that went on sale on December 15, 2003 were sold out in four hours.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[33] Tickets that went on sale later also went into trade, causing audience numbers to almost 50,000 spectators.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band played as an additional encore song on the Kill 'Em All album, “Jump In The Fire”, which was first played at the time as a live version in Europe throughout the band's history.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[34] Sweden was also tough, with 55,802 spectators at Gothenburg's Ullevi Stadium two days after the Helsinki concert.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[35] Slipknot's drummer Joey Jordison and Slayer's drummer Dave Lombardo tucked Metallica drummer Lars Ulrich for one concert at the 2004 English Download Festival due to Ulrich being sidelined for health reasons.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In December 2006, Metallica released a DVD, The Videos: 1989-2004, which contained all of the band's music videos from 1989—2004.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On February 16, 2006, with Death Magnetic and two world tours (2006—2009), Metallica announced on their website that over fifteen years of collaboration with producer Bob Rock had ended.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica's tenth official full-length studio album would be produced by Rick Rubin.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica toured around the world in 2006 with the “Escape From The Studio '06” tour.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band did a similar tour in 1995.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2006, Metallica's only concert in Northern Europe missed an appearance on the Tallinn Song Stage on 13 June.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The appearance was part of the Master of Puppets' 20th anniversary tour.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Among other things, the band played all the songs on the Master of Puppets album as well as other hits in front of over 78,000 people.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The touring concerts also saw the instrumental song “Orion” heard for the first time since Cliff Burton's death.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In week 22 of 2007, Metallica made Finnish chart history when the band simultaneously had ten albums on the official Finnish Top 40 Albums Chart by the label.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[36] [37] Metallica also went to play 2007 in July at the Live Earth concert in London.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band embarked on the 2007 “Sick of the Studio '07” tour from Portugal on June 28, 2007.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

After an eighteen-year hiatus, among others, the song “... And Justice For All” was heard at the concert.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

During the “Sick of the Studio '07” tour, Metallica performed in Finland on 15 July 2007 at the Helsinki Olympic Stadium.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The first 40000 tickets for the concert in Finland were sold out in about 45 minutes.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On Metallica's previous tour to Finland in 2004, the Olympic Stadium sold out in about four hours.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[33] [38] The band played a new song from their upcoming album, later revealed to be “Cyanide”, at Ozzfest in Dallas on August 9, 2008.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album's first internet single release was “The Day That Never Comes” on August 21, 2008, whose music video was later released.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Four days later, a new “My Apocalypse” song was audible on Metallica's website.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Finally Death Magnetic was released on September 12, 2008.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The band made a return to their 1980s thrash metal style, long songs, guitar solos and ambition on the album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[39] The band has said the return is partly due to producer Rick Rubin.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The Death Magnetic album ranked number one on the album charts of many different countries, including Australia, Canada, Mexico and the European album charts.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The album also ranked number one on the Billboard 200 chart in the United States.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

A week after the album's release, the album remained at number one on the Billboard 200 charts and the European charts.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

By the end of September, the album had visited the number one spot in 32 different countries.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[40] In Finland, Death Magnetic sold double platinum as early as 12.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

on Sept.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[41] Several fans of the band feel that Death Magnetic's album sound is too compressed on the CD, causing the dynamics of the playing to suffer.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

According to Ted Jensen, who mastered the album, the record is a victim of the so-called volume war.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[42] In May 2009, Activision released Guitar Hero: Metallica.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The game additionally features songs from bands that influenced members of Metallica.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The songs on the album sound noticeably better on Guitar Hero: Metallica.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[42] The Death Magnetic album was followed by a world tour that began in 2009, during which Metallica also visited Finland on the 14th and 15th.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

on June.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[43] Both of the band's performances at Helsinki's Hartwall Arena sold out in about 40 minutes.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Metallica also performed in 2009 for the third time in Finland, at the Sonisphere Festival in Kirjurinluoo, Pori.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[44] [45] Lou Reed, his own record label and world tours (2011—2015) In the spring of 2011, Metallica recorded an album with Lou Reed in San Francisco.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Lou Reed had made the songs into a theatrical musical called Lulu, which was being performed in Germany.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On August 22, 2011, the band announced the release date of their upcoming album, Lulu, on November 1 in North America and the rest of the world on October 31.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

There are ten tracks on the album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

In 2012, Metallica toured the world performing their Black album in its entirety, also stopping at Finland 4.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

on June.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[46] The songs The Struggle Within, My Friend of Misery and Don't Tread On Me were performed live for the first time.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

That same year, the band left Warner Bros.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

:in and started his own record label, called Blackened Recordings.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[47] The new label will release Metallica's upcoming albums as well as reprints of old albums.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[48] In December 2013, Metallica became the only rock group in the world to have played on all seven continents.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

On 8 December, Metallica performed at the Antarctic-based Carlin Research Station, located in the South Shetland Islands belonging to Argentina.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The audience included 120 members of the research station staff, as well as a few South American fans who won the competition organised by Coca Cola.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[49] Ten songs from the concert under the name Freeze 'Em All can be downloaded from the band's website.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[50] 2013 Metallica released the film Metallica - Through the Never.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Hardwired... To Self-Destruct (2015—) Guitarist Kirk Hammett reported in November 2015 that the band's next record would be released in late 2016 or early 2017.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[51] James Hetfield said in an interview with EMGTV in October 2015 that the band is in the studio working on a new album.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

[52] On August 18, 2016, Metallica announced on their website the track list and cover art of their tenth album Hardwired... to Self-Destruct.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

Also, the album's first single “Hardwired” with its music video saw the light of day.


Question: Who founded Metallica?

Metallica

The release date for the upcoming album was announced as November 18, 2016, when it was released by Blackened Recordings, the band's self-managed record label.