Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] In his life, Runeberg became the “first great man of Finland”.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] Runeberg Day was always celebrated on 5 February until his 50th birthday.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Later, teenagers from Porvoo started singing under Runeberg's window on his birthday.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[12] The phrase “speaks like Runeberg” refers to skillful use of words, to being able to evoke emotion, and to speak beautifully and profusely.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Runeberg recited her poems by heart and was happy to perform, especially for women.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[13] Death and funeral Runeberg died on 6 May 1877, and was buried on the highest mound of Näsinmäki Cemetery.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The crypt quarried into the rock was decorated with plants.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Runeberg's funeral on 12 May 1877 was large and solemn.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Three train carriages came from Helsinki and the entire Riksdag attended the funeral.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The route of the funeral reception from the Runeberg household was covered in spruce conifers and edged with small spruce trees.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The spruce conifer was also decorated with buildings in Porvoo, shops in the city were closed all day and in Helsinki for three hours too.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The procession was so long that its beginning end was already by the tomb and the last had not yet been able to leave the deceased's household.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The procession was led by the Finnish Guards Ring Association and the Singers of the Student Union, who sang at the tomb a Maamme song written by Runeberg, under the direction of Fredrik Pacius.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The grave speech on behalf of the entire people was given by J. V. Snellman, Zachris Topelius and City Council President Georg Wallgren also spoke.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[14] [15] Runeberg's wife, writer Fredrika Runeberg was buried alongside her husband in 1879, her name is on the other side of the monument.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[16] A civic collection was held shortly after Runeberg's death and a design competition in 1879, the first of its kind in Finland.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The competition had to be renewed between 1880 and 1885 because the proposal of Swedish sculptor Per Hasselberg, who won the first competition, proved too expensive to implement and the second time the prize committee was not satisfied with the submission proposals.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The third competition was won by Kuopian architect Ferdinand Öhman.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[17] [18] The monument was finally unveiled on 5 May 1888.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

It is a high black granite pase, the front side of which is adorned by a star and the back side by a star and lyre.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The words “Fosterlandet reste vården” are written on it.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[19] [20] Family Runeberg's spouse was writer Fredrika Tengström.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Fredrika's uncle was an archbishop.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Fredrika and Johan were married in January 1831.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

They had eight children, two of whom died as infants: [2] [21] Anna Carolina (1832—1833) was the first child of the Runebergs.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

He is reported to have had long, brown hair and brown eyes.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

He was ill throughout and passed away in August 1833 after completing the year.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The girl's death was traumatic for the family, and Fredrika, while expecting a child, had always hoped to have a daughter.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Louis Michael (1835—1902) Lorenzo (1836—1919) Walter Magnus (1838—1920) Johan Wilhelm (1843—1918) Jakob Robert (1846—1919) Edvard Moritz (1848—1851), died of complications of scarlet fever.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Fredrik Karl (1850—1884) Written production Runeberg wrote his entire production in Swedish.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

His most famous work is the stories of Ensign Stool, which includes a total of 35 poems.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The poems tell of the heroes of the Finnish War of 1808—1809.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Composed by Fredrik Pacius, the opening poem of the collection, “Maaan” (“Vårt land”) became the national anthem of Finland.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] One theme recurring in the stories of Ensign Stool, and apparently close to Runeberg, is the sincere love of patriotism by the poor and the lesser people and the consequent happiness that compensates for their lack of part.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[22] The Elk Skiers (Elgskyttarne, 1832) is a hexametre poem comprising nine songs, depicting folk life.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Its subject is a moose drive, which is also intertwined with a proposal story.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

However, the events themselves have no independent meaning.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

They form the frames of the description.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[23] Each of the persons represents some general idea presented as an epithet (“acting Anna” and “mindful Pekka”).


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] [24] Runeberg was a very noted lyrical and epic poet; he was respected as early as the 1830s in Sweden and Russia.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

In the eyes of the Finns, Runeberg's importance was enhanced by the era in which he acted.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Together with Elias Lönnrot, he was creating Finnish culture in its own eyes and in the eyes of others.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

In the 1830s and 1840s he created an ideal image of the Finnish people and the nature of Finland and gave Finland a moral identity in the stories of Vänrikki Stool.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] Style Runeberg began as a European poet of Romanticism: especially in the collections Poems Runeberg as Poems finds himself in nature.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

She also used women as a speaker in her poems, due to her interest in Kantelettare.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

With the advent of a poetry series of Idylls and Epigrams, Runeberg changed his style from international to national romanticism.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Among other things, the poem “Saarijärvi Paavo” appeared in the collection, in which a folk man fights against the forces of nature, thus forming the identity of a resilient Finn.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Runeberg disguised patriotic thoughts in the glorification of the natural period.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Runeberg emphasized a lot of lakes and heights in his poems.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

He also wrote romantic-tragic poems, such as in the series Nights of Jealousy and in the poetry book Nadeschda.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The Elk Skiers was a national epic poem by Runeberg.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

He used a hexameter poem at the time.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Another classic epic is Hanna.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Hanna and the Kings of Salami play have influences from ancient Greek poetry.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Runeberg's patriotic poetry appealed to the academic Finnish-speaking elite.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[25] [26] Runeberg's early poems, made during the school years, include Anna Maria Lenngren, Carl Michael Bellman, Michael Choraeus and Frans Mikael Franzén in the 18th century.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

During his university years, he became acquainted with more modern Swedish poets and European writers.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

He was greatly influenced by Johann Gottfried von Herder and Henrik Gabriel Porthan.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Among the poets of antiquity, Runberg was acquainted with Homer.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[8] Tributes Runeberg received numerous national honours shortly after his death.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Among the earliest of these was the transformation of his Runeberg home, located in the centre of Porvoo, into Finland's first home museum.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The museum opened to the public in 1882, just five years after J. L. Runeberg's death and three years after the death of his wife Fredrika Runeberg.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] It is still one of the most significant tourist attractions in Porvoo.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[27] There are several statues or memorials erected to Runeberg in Finland.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The oldest and most remarkable of these are the statues of Helsinki and Porvoo, unveiled in 1885, both sculpted by the poet's son Walter Runeberg.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The statue of Helsinki, located in the Esplanade Park, features two bronze figures: Runeberg, standing atop a tall pedestal, depicted in his official attire by a lyceum lecturer, and a Finnish maiden at his feet carrying the words of the Maamme song engraved on a copper tablet.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The Runeberginpuisto statue in Porvoo is a replica of the statue of Helsinki, but in a smaller size and without the figure of the Maiden Finland.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[28] In the city of Runeberg, Pietarsaari, a statue was unveiled in 1904 in the handwriting of Walter Runeberg.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[29] In addition, the fishing lodge outside the city, where Runeberg spent his summers with his parents as a child, is museumed and is known as Runeberg tua.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[30] A monument to Runeberg was unveiled in 1954 at Ruovesi, and the main attractions of the municipality include the source of Runeberg, on the verge of which he allegedly wrote his well-known poem “Sua source beautiful I watch”.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[31] In Turku, Runeberg is immortalized in a statue sculpted by Harry Kivijärvi by Runeberg, Lönnrot, Snellman, nicknamed “Three vekkulia”.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The statue was unveiled in 1968 in memory of these three great men who studied at Turku Academy and is located in front of the main building of the University of Turku.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[32] Runeberg has title streets, squares and parks in several Finnish cities and Stockholm.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The most notable are Runeberginkatu in Kamppi and Töölö in Helsinki, as well as the Runebergin parks in Porvoo and Pietarsaari.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The Runeberg Project, an electronic publishing project of Nordic literature, and the Runeberg Prize, one of Finland's most notable literary prizes, have also been named after him.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

The Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland, which fosters Finnish-Swedish literature and culture, was founded in 1885 to honour Runeberg's memory.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

In 2004, a silver commemorative coin with a denomination of ten euros was minted in Runeberg's honour.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] [33] [34] [35] The most prominent of the honours Runeberg receives for his part is Runeberg Day, which is celebrated annually on the poet's birthday on 5 February and is an established day of flagging.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[2] The day is celebrated by eating runeberg tarts, a sweet pastry that Runeberg is reported to have happily enjoyed.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[36] Norwegian Air Shuttle has painted a picture of Runeberg on the tail of one of its aircraft.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

[37] Works of Runeberg's works: [2] Dikter, poems, 1830 Serviska folksånger, Swedish versions of Serbian folk poems, 1830 Elk skiers, poems, 1832 Hanna, poetry, 1836 Dikter II, poems, 1833 Friaren från landet, play, 1834 Nadeschda, poetry, 1841 Christmas evening, poetry, 1841 Dikter III, poems, 1841 King Fjalar, poetry epic, 1844 Vänrikrik Stool's stories, first part 1848, second part 1860 Kan ej, play, 1862 Kings of Salami, play, 1863 See also Saturday Society Finland picture Polish chalice Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kannisto, Päivi| title = Salted Verses: Discursive Formation of Finland and Finns from the 17th Century to Topelius.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

E-book| publisher = Ellibs, Turku| year = 2007| version = Printed dissertation: Rantanen Päivi, Salted Verses, Finnish Literature Society (SKS), Helsinki 1997.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

ISBN 951-71794-7-2| isbn = 978-952-99867-3-6 (PDF) | format = [book online]}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Karkama, Pertti| title = Variations of Freedom: J. L. Runeberg's worldview from the bottom of his epith| location = Helsinki| publisher = SKSHER | year = 1982}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kirstina, Leena| title = Brief History of Our Literature | location = Helsinki| publisher = Januar| year = 2000| isbn = 951-26-4513-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Varpio, George & Huhtala, Liisi| English title = Finnish title = literature history 1, From pious songs to happy novel| location = Helsinki| publisher = SKS| year = 1999| isbn = 951-71788-6-7}} References Literature Majamaa, Raija & Paulaharju, Marjut J. L. Runeberg.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

Finnish poet.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

SKS 2004.


Question: In which city was J. L. Runeberg born?

Johan Ludvig Runeberg

ISBN 951-746-585-8 On the subject elsewhere Free to download Johan Ludvig Runeberg e-books from the National Library and Check date values in: |accessdate=, |date= (help) * Category:Born in 1804 Class:Dead in 1877 Category:Screening key articles


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Bridle refers to equipment used to steer a horse that is fastened around the horse's head.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Bridles consist of ends formed by different leather straps, a drool attached to the headbutt, as well as guides attached to the drool.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The purpose of the bridle is largely to hold in place the actual control instrument, namely a drool in the mouth of the horse, with which the rider is connected via the reins.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Mainly based on the length of the reins, the bridle can be roughly divided into driving and riding bridles.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In addition to this, for example, there are special mouldings of their own for horse shows.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The best bridles are made of soft leather, but there are also bridles made of synthetic materials.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

European type bridles are divided according to the basic type of drool, mainly into joint and canister.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Western-riding commonly uses westerns where there may be considerably fewer belts.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In addition, there are different types of droolless bridle, the effect of which is based on the pressure applied to the muzzle or neck of the horse using the reins.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

A certain type of droolless bridle based on a hardened muzzle belt and lever arm is known as hackamore.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Hackamore, however, means very different types of bridle in European-type riding, trotting and western riding.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

For leashing a horse, instead of a bridle, a halter similar to the headstock part of a bridle may also be used.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

However, the halter straps are looser and generally wider, as well as attach to each other in different ways than bridle straps.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Horses, due to the risk of head and mouth injuries, are never tied up by a bridle, nor are they left, for example, on the head of a horse being let out into pasture; a halter is used for these purposes.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Bridle parts The turpa strap Main article: A turpa strap (also muzzle strap, more informally a turf strap) runs around the muzzle (safety) of the horse with the intention of keeping the horse's mouth closed, making it harder for it to avoid the correct effect of the drool in its mouth.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

However, the fur strap doesn't completely stop the horse from opening its mouth.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

There are several types of fur straps that are adapted to the horse in slightly different ways and are suitable for different purposes.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The fur strap usually attaches to a separate narrow strap running around the horse's neck, which connects to other parts of the bridle by passing, like a neck strap, through the loops at both ends of the forehead strap.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The fur strap is usually easy to remove from the bridle and can be changed to another type if necessary or omitted altogether if a well-trained horse does not need it, for example, on a cross-country loop.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In western riding, when using drooled joint or deck mouths, the turf strap is often not used at all.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Chin Strap The purpose of the chin strap running from beneath the chin strap of a horse is to hold the bridles in place to prevent them from slipping over the horse's ears.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Adjusting the chin strap to an appropriate length is especially important because an overly taut chin strap may make it difficult for a horse to breathe.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

When properly fitted, the strap is quite loose, meaning a fist can easily fit between it and the jaws.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The original purpose of the chin strap has been to prevent the bridle from slipping over the horse's ear, but it is basically not possible to prevent it if the chin strap is kept loose enough for the horse's breath in mind.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Forehead Strap The forehead strap runs, as its name suggests, over the forehead of the horse.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Its purpose is to prevent the bridle from spilling down the horse's neck.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Especially in competitions, a decorative brow strap is often used, which may be called a headband.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In insect season, a long-fringed fly guard may be attached to the forehead strap to keep insects away from the horse's eyes.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Neck strap and cheek straps The neck strap from behind the ears of the horse holds the bridle together and continues directly as cheek straps to which droolers are attached.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Also, the aforementioned chin strap is a direct extension of the neck strap.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The length of the cheek straps is adjusted to apply pressure to the mouth of the dribbler horse.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Too loose cheek straps fail to hold the drool properly in place and significantly worsen the horse's maneuverability, while overly strained cheek straps rub the horse's corners of the mouth broken.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Kolai Main Article: Kolai Kolai is a steering device placed in the mouth of a horse that is attached to the cheek straps of the bridle.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Drobbers are usually made of stainless steel, but droolers coated with plastic and leather (or made entirely of plastic, sometimes flavoured with apples, for example) are also in use.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The most common type of drool is joint necrosis.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The effect of the drool is stronger the thinner the drool is.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Dressage often uses cloth footing, which combines a thin articulated drool, or bridong, and a lever-arm canister with chains.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In this type of canvas insertion, cacks instructions are used.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The canki dribblers used in western riding differ from English canvases and no articular drool is used with them.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Their own droolers have also been developed for foals and stallions.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The right kind of drool is of paramount importance, because an incorrectly selected drool may even make it impossible to steer a horse.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Reins The reins are attached to rings or arms coming outside the mouth of the drool.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

They are usually a uniform leather strap running from one dribble ring to another on European-style bridles, with which the rider or rider controls the horse's movements.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The length of the reins is determined by their intended use.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In close proximity to the drool, the instructions usually have so-called stoppers, which prevent the rings of a would-be running martingal from sliding too close to the drool and sticking to the buckle or drool rings.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Many instructions also feature evenly spaced small notches in the central area entering the hands of the rider or rider, which prevent the steers from easily sliding out of the rider's hands, and also make it easier to hold them on both sides exactly the same length.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Bridle Fitting Suits are sold in a wide range of different sizes, where the right one for each horse can be found mainly through experimentation.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The cheek straps and the neck of the fur strap have adjustment, and each time the straps that are attached separately (the pin and chin strap) can be attached to different tightness.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The length of the cheek straps is adjusted so that when the bridle is in place, a couple of small wrinkles form in the corners of the horse's mouth.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The length of the neck of the fur strap is adjusted so that the fur strap is positioned in its right position according to its type and cannot, for example, press the horse's nostrils and thus make it difficult to breathe.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The tension of the fur belt itself is usually adapted to such that under it, on the side of the muzzle, it is able to easily thread 2-3 fingers.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The chin strap is left so loose that you can easily get a whole fist between it and the jawbones.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

Use and care of bridles Bridling and taking off bridles Putting on a bridle for a horse is called bridling.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The most common ligament horse is usually bridled like this: The turf and chin strap are opened.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

In one hand we take the reins, to the other the neck strap of the bridle.


Question: Who has invented the bridle?

Bridle

The reins are lifted over the horse's ears to the neck.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Positioning from the horse, looking to the left of the horse's head, looking forward.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The right hand is wrapped from below around the horse's head and grasps the cheek straps of the bridle on the top of the muzzle, the left hand takes the drool.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The drool is pulled from the cheekbones and offered with the left hand gently against the horse's front teeth.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

If the horse does not openly open its mouth, the thumb of the left hand is inserted from the corner of the horse's mouth into the dental leave, causing the horse to open its mouth at the latest.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The right hand pulls from the cheekbones to the drooler's mouth into place and then the neck strap over the horse's ears, taking care of the horse's eyes and treating the ears gently.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Strap the neck, cheek and forehead straps at their correct points, fasten the fur strap and chin strap, and strap any horse bangs and brushhair that may have been left under the straps.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The fastening of the chin strap and chin strap should not be delayed because the buckle of the chin strap, especially when struck in the horse's eye, can cause a bad eye injury.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Harsh or, on the other hand, excessively cautious, uncertain and long stretching incense causes the horse to take a negative view of the incense, perhaps refusing to open its mouth or stand still, or lift its head up so that the incense does not succeed.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

For the same reason, especially a metal drool should be warmed up in cold weather until comfortable heat before incense.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The ligament bridle is stripped from the horse like this: You open the butt and chin strap.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Lay down from the horse, looking to the left of the horse's head.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Grab the middle of the reins with the right hand and then also the neck strap and pull them over the horse's ears, treating the ears gently.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Supporting the bridle from the neck strap and the guideline, letting the horse itself open its mouth, allowing the drooler to fall out of the mouth without rattling it against the horse's teeth.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Also, when taking off the bridle, you should act calmly quickly, especially after the turf and chin strap have already been opened.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Care and storage of bridles Leather bridles should be cleaned and greased regularly and always as needed with suitable care products (saddle soap, harness grease).


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

For thorough cleaning, the bridle is usually disassembled into parts, and a damp loofing sponge is used for cleaning itself.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Metal buckles can be polished.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

After use, the drool should always be carefully washed clean of horse saliva, feed residues and other dirt to avoid hardening of dirt and easily caused by jagged or even sharp surfaces in the horse's mouth.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The drool is not usually removed from the bristles for washing, but it is worth avoiding wetting the leather straps.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The bridle is usually hung on a simple wall hook as a “package”, which depends a bit on the manners of each stable.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The usual simple and neat method of hanging arises when the bridle is hung on a hook from the neck strap, the reins are raised twice over the same hook over the neck strap, the fur strap is fastened around the drooling and reins, and the chin strap is wrapped for a jog around the cheek straps and then fastened.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

This allows the different straps and reins of the bridle to be arranged and the bridle is easy to pick up from the hook.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

When travelling to competitions with a horse, for example, bridles can be packed into a special bridle bag, into which they are placed in the same way wrapped.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Accessories Auxiliary instructions are mainly used in horse training or rider coaching most often to correct the position and shape of the horse.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The purpose of the tongue bandage is to prevent the horse from throwing the tongue over the drool, thus decreasing maneuverability.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

In crayfish and gallop horses the tongue bandage is used to prevent the horse from swallowing its tongue and even choking on it, on steeds you can't see the gear.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The guitar board is attached to the obercheck of the racehorse to facilitate the manoeuvring of the horse.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

It also prevents the horse from pressing its head downwards and thus prevents stumbling.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The jaw loop is the most common part attached to the obercheck that holds the obercheck in place and which the horse can rely on when tired.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

A play chain means a loose chain hanging from the horse's mouth by means of a cheek-strap that the horse can play with.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

This promotes salivation, allowing the horse's mouth and lips to remain moist and soft, as a result of which the droolers work better.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The stallion is not a part of the bridle per se, but it is a mandatory addition to the incense of galloping horses for safety reasons related to leash situations in some countries.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Eye patches prevent the horse from looking to its sides, causing it not to pay too much attention to things happening around, instead focusing on its rider or rider.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

However, when riding, eyepatches are rarely used, as when riding the horse should see its sides.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Eye patches are attached to the cheek straps of the bridle.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

There are several different designs of eyepatches, such as size and half tags: half-tags prevent backward viewing but allow the horse to see its sides.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Many different eyepatches and domes are used on gallop and racehorses.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

Ravihackamore distributes the effect of the guide grip on top of the mouth in addition to the safety.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

The usual hackamore is forbidden at trotting and montelo departures.


Question: Who invented the bridle?

Bridle

See also Saddle On the topic elsewhere Category:Equipment for horses Category:Harness


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

International Women's Day is an international anniversary that has been celebrated on 8 March since the early 20th century.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

In 1975, which was celebrated as the International Year of Women, the celebration of the day was confirmed by the United Nations [1] and at the same time received the title “United Nations Day of Women's Rights and International Peace”.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Celebration International Women's Day is an official day of celebration in several countries.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

According to tradition, men honor their mothers, wives, girlfriends, co-workers and other close women with flowers or other small gifts.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Somewhere in countries, daytime occupies as solid a position as Mother's Day.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[2] In socialist countries, International Women's Day was a national holiday, with open workplaces and generally men remembered women with roses and organizing a different program.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The corresponding celebration of “Men's Day” took place on Red Army Day on 23 February.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Every year, on March 8th there are thousands of events worldwide meant to praise women and celebrate their achievements.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[2] Since 1996, the United Nations has dedicated Women's Day around a particular theme.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Many other organisations and entities have followed suit.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[2] History The first United States National Women's Day under the Proclamation of the Socialist Party of America was declared to be on February 28, 1909, in honor of the 1908 Garment Workers' Strike.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[3] According to a story circulating in French communist circles, International Women's Day would have been based on an 1857 strike by women in a textile factory in New York City.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

However, according to Liliana Kandel and Françoise Picq, the accession of the strike to Women's Day would have been invented 1955, so that the connection of the day with the world communist movement and the Soviet Union could be disconnected, thus improving the equality of women in Western Europe without the ideals associated with it there prejudice.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[4] Socialist International Women's Second, Copenhagen 26—27.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

On August 1910, at a conference at the Nørrebro Workers' House, at the suggestion of German socialist Clara Zetkin, more than one hundred women from 17 countries unanimously endorsed International Women's Day.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The conference did not specify an exact date.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

German Clara Zetkin, Russian Aleksandra Kollontai and Italian-Ukrainian Anželika Balabanova took centre stage at the meeting.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Nina Bang, a Dane who attended the meeting, became the world's first female minister in Denmark's first social-democratic government in 1924.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Five Finnish women who were members of the first parliament of the Grand Duchy of Finland were present at the meeting.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The official Finnish representative was Ida Aalle-Teljo.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The other four were Hilda Herrala, Aura Kiiskinen, Hilja Pärssinen and Miina Sillanpää.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

International Women's Day was first celebrated on 19 March 1911, when more than one million women and men attended gatherings in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

They demanded women the right to vote, the right to work, the right to vocational training and an end to employment discrimination.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Around the time of World War I, Women's Day was associated with the peace movement.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

As a result, the celebration of the day spread in 1913 to the Russian Empire as well.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Elsewhere in Europe, women also protested against the war.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[3] On March 8, 1917, women of the textile industry began in Saint Petersburg with strikes due to the food situation and as the strike expanded was forced by Emperor Nicholas II of Russia to hand over his crown to his brother, who refused it and Russia entered the era of provisional government.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

International Women's Day has grown over the course of the 20th century to accompany the socialist movement into a truly global holiday.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The United Nations holds an annual Women's Day conference to promote women's rights and opportunities for women to participate in social, political and economic processes.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

The UN declared 1975 to be the International Women's Year.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[5] The World Conference on Women's Year adopted a plan to promote the status of women, and the UN General Assembly declared its implementation the Decade of Women (1976—1985).


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

[6] See also International Men's Day Sources on the topic elsewhere.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Workers' Archives Publication


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Huddersfield 1990.].


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

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Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead. Jenni Jeskanen:.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

Yle North Karelia on 8 March 2010. Yle Living Archive. Yle Living Archives.


Question: In what country is the strike invented?

International Women's Day

MTV3 Tourism March 8, 2012 Category:Feminism Category:Awareness Days Category:United Nations Days Category:March Holidays Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Labour market aid is a form of unemployment protection granted by Kela, which is part of Finnish social security and financed by the state and municipalities, which can be obtained mainly by an unemployed jobseeker aged 17 to 64 years old, available to the labour market and living in Finland in need of financial support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[1] Labour market support may also be granted in some cases to an incapacitated person who does not receive sickness benefit, rehabilitation allowance or disability allowance [2].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Approximately half of the recipients of labour market aid have a disability or illness identified by a doctor that hampers work.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[3] Labour market support may also be paid to persons who participate in an employment-enhancing service if this is agreed in the Employment Plan.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Labour market support shall be paid in the event that a person belonging to the above categories is not eligible for an earnings-related unemployment allowance or basic allowance.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

If a person is under 25, they must meet additional conditions to be eligible for labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[1] Labour market support is the most common form of unemployment protection in Finland.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

In 2014, it received 268,300 people and approximately EUR 1.5 billion in aid was paid out.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[4] Labour market aid is taxable income and is subject to a withholding of 20%.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Apart from the applicant's income, the applicant's age, the number of dependent or spousal children living in the same household, and sometimes the income of the parents, is affected by the receipt and the amount of support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Support may be refused, for example, when a jobseeker's unemployment is due to his or her own dismissal or if the Bureau of Employment and Economy has issued a declaration [5].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

In 2014, the Committee on Social Rights of the Council of Europe pointed out Finland that the low level of labour market support violates the provision of the European Social Charter that minimum social benefits must be at least 50% of the country's median income.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[6] [7] Nevertheless, the level of labour market support has not been increased, but was reduced further in 2018 [8].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Amount and payment In 2017, total labour market aid amounts to EUR 32.40 per day (in 2016 it was 32.68 e/day).


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The subsidy is paid five days a week and the average amount, excluding increases, is EUR 702 per month before taxes.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[9] The aid is subject to a withholding of 20%.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[10] The aid will be paid retroactively in four-week periods.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

At the onset of unemployment, you can apply for labour market aid after the first two weeks.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[11] Dependent children raise the amount of support, but parental income may lower it.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[9] The unemployed person's own earned income of more than EUR 300 reduces labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[12] If the recipient of labour market aid participates in an employment-enhancing service, he or she may be eligible for an increase in the labour market subsidy of EUR 4,74 per working day in gross terms.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The increase component can be obtained for up to 200 days.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[9] Payment of labour market aid and earnings-linked unemployment benefit is conditional on the fact that the recipient of labour market aid does not have an obstacle to being available to the labour market under the Unemployment Protection Act.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The obstacle under the Unemployment Protection Act is noted by the TE Mechanical Office, which shall notify the unemployment fund in the case of earnings-related unemployment benefit and, in the case of labour market support, to the National Pensions Institution which pays it.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Labour market aid is fully financed by the State until the end of the payment period during which labour market support has been paid on the basis of unemployment for a total of 300 days.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

From the next payment period until the end of the payment period during which a total of 1000 days of labour market support has been paid on the basis of unemployment, is financed by half the home municipality of the unemployed and half by the state.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

30% of the next unemployment payment period shall be financed by the State and 70% by the home municipality of the unemployed.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[13] Factors affecting the granting and amount of aid Age impact The conditions for granting labour market aid are looser for people aged 55 and over and more strained for those under 25 years of age.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

If a person aged 55 or over has met the working condition when he remains unemployed, capital income does not reduce their labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[14] Labour market support shall be paid to the unemployed 17 year old only for the period of his participation in a service promoting employment.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Unemployed persons aged 18 to 24 are entitled to labour market support even during the period of unemployment if the person has not refused work or training offered by the TE Office and has applied for vocational training and has not refused, resigned or dismissed for their own reasons from such training.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[1] A person shall apply for at least two places of study in vocational training leading to the qualification during the spring joint application.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[15] Impact of minor children Labour market support is increased if the unemployed person has minor dependent children or if the spouse's minor children reside in the applicant's household.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Increase for one child 5.27 e/day, for two children a total of 7.74 e/day and for three or more children a total of 9.98 e/day.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[9] Effect of own, spouse and parental income As of 2014, own earned income of up to EUR 300 does not reduce the amount of labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[16] An unemployed jobseeker's earned income exceeding EUR 300 reduces the amount of labour market support so that the total gross income of the beneficiary increases by only half the amount of earned income acquired.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Extraordinary income like inheritance, gift and occasional capital gain do not reduce the amount of labor market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Spousal income stopped affecting the amount of labour market support at the beginning of 2013.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[17] If the applicant for aid does not meet the working condition and lives in their parents' household, the parents' income may decrease labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The subsidy will not be reduced if the parents' income does not exceed €1781.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Each other dependent child living in the same household raises the income threshold by €106 a month.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

If the income threshold is exceeded, labour market support will be deducted by half unless the claimant can reliably demonstrate that the parents are not supporting him financially.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[18] Effect of property and capital income Property reduces labour market support only if the unemployed person receives capital income from it, such as rent, dividend or interest.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Those over 54 years of age who have fulfilled the working condition when they become unemployed may have unlimited capital income without affecting labour market support [19].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

As a rule, an unemployed person living alone is allowed to earn EUR 311 in capital income every month without any reduction in labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

If the limit is exceeded, 75% of income above the income limit will be deducted from labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[20] As a rule, an unemployed person who is married or cohabiting may earn EUR 1 044 in capital income every month without reducing his or her labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

If the limit is exceeded, 50% of income above the income limit will be deducted from labour market support.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[21] In addition, the income limit for the unemployed person with a duty of care will be increased by EUR 130 for each dependent child [22].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The amount of labour market support is not affected by the spouse's capital income [23].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

For example, if capital income is paid only once a year, Kela will divide it into deferred income for the whole year.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[24] Active model Labour market support may be cut according to the so-called “active model” if the unemployed person does not meet the activity condition from the beginning of 2018.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

In order to fulfil the condition, the unemployed person must engage in paid employment, engage in business activities or participate in the TE Centre's employment-enhancing services to an adequate extent.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[25] Withdrawal of aid for persons who have received labour market aid for at least 500 days shall be terminated if the beneficiary refuses, resigns or is suspended from work or from a labour policy measure in which the participant is entitled to labour market support and maintenance allowance.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Such measures include labour force training and unpaid work under the name of internships, work-life coaching or rehabilitative work activities.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Purchasing power and development of labour market aid purchasing power is weakened by the fact that the tax levied on it is approximately two and a half times higher than the tax levied on comparable wages.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Furthermore, the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health has stated that labour market aid is not sufficient to cover the minimum consumption considered reasonable, even when the recipient of labour market aid is also eligible for housing and income support [26].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

However, few recipients of labour market aid are eligible for income support [27].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Approximately half of the recipients of labour market aid are granted universal housing benefit [27], but on average it covers only half of the rent or company consideration [28].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The level of labour market support was initially tied to the development of the country's overall wage level [29].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

However, in 1997 the Unemployment Security Act was amended to tie the amount of labour market support to the cost-of-living index, which tracks price increases, but not at all overall wage or property income trends [30].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

The amount of labour market aid therefore consistently lagged behind the overall increase in living standards: Finns' real earnings rose by 38% between 1991 and 2011, but the purchasing power of labour market aid by only 5% [31].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Labour market support also decreased relative to earnings-related unemployment security [32].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Furthermore, the income limits for the needs-examination based on the income of a spouse who had previously been in labour market aid were not revised from 2005 to 2009, although there was a provision in the Unemployment Protection Acts that means-tested income limits must be changed to reflect a change in wage levels if the country's overall wage level changes materially. [33].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

After years of political debate, labour market support was the subject of a one-off level increase of about 22 per cent that took effect in early 2012.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

According to Kela's research department, basic security still lagged badly behind the general cost of living in 2013 [34].


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

In 2013, Kela's lead researcher Yrjö Mattila reported that some of the recipients of labour market aid cannot cope with their bills and are unable to obtain medications prescribed by a doctor.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

Mattila recommended that the amount of labour market support be increased at least twice.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[35] In 2014, the Committee on Social Rights of the Council of Europe pointed out to Finland that the low level of labour market support violates the provision of the European Social Charter that minimum social benefits must be at least 50% of the country's median income.


Question: What was the average amount of unemployment benefit from KELA in 2018?

Labour market support

[36] [37] See also Abuse of Social Security Unemployment Security Ombudsman Job security Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Finnish labour policy Category:National Insurance Institution


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

Bandy, or bandy, is a traditional team game played on ice.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The most popular species is in the Nordic countries and the territory of the former Soviet Union, but in recent years the species has started to a greater extent in other countries.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The species resembles ground hockey and hurling in many respects.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

Bice ball is played on skates in an area the size of a football field.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The rules and principles are similar in many respects to the rules of football, for example the offside rule and the playing time of 2 × 45 minutes.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

Unlike in hockey, nudges and tackles such as shoulder and hip blocking are prohibited in ice ball.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The ball should also not, for example, be played with a hand or hit with a bat above the shoulder.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

For violations, the umpire orders a free pass from the place of infringement, or, if the violation occurs within the penalty area of the defending team, the punch on the boundary of the semi-circular penalty area, 17 yards from the goal.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

For serious violations, a penalty punch from the penalty spot, located 12 metres from the goal, is condemned.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

History Prehistory Games like Bandy have been played for thousands of years.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The first signs of an ancient “ice ball” are in Egyptian tomb drawings in Beni Hasan, near Minia.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

It is unclear whether the instrument of play was in the shape of a ball or a circle, but for example, the shape of the rackets is similar to that of ice ball today.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

Other similar games played around the world include “polo” played in southern Central Asia, which was reportedly played without horses, “kachi” or “dakyu” in Japan, and the “cheuca” in the Aztecs, where a wooden ball was struck with elk bones.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] There was also known to be a similar game in Greece around the time of the Battle of the Marathon, where a ball filled with leather feathers was played with curves on rackets.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Later, the game is believed to have spread to Rome under the name paganica, and with the expansion of Rome into various parts of Europe and the Mediterranean environment.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] During the Middle Ages, numerous ball games were played in the northern parts of Europe.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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A game called knattleikr appears in Icelandic legends and folktales, which is believed to have spread with Icelandic settlers to the British Isles.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Knattleikr has many similarities to traditional later games played on the islands such as hurling for the Irish, shinty for Scots and bandy, or ice ball for the Welsh, who are believed to have descended from the same ancestor, probably paganica.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Several heroes appear in Irish lore showing off their skills in hurling.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In Scotland, King Alexander I (1078—1124) is reported to have played shinty.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] [2] The oldest evidence of ice ball as an ice ball is in 13th-century Canterbury Cathedral window paintings depicting a curved bat in one hand and a boy holding a ball in the other.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] Welsh are also known to have played the species under the name bando, which comes from the Germanic word bandja for curve bat or stick.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In Wales, a museum has exhibited some ancient bando rackets very similar to current ice ball bats.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Both hurling, shinty and bandy were played on both grass and ice, but due to climatic considerations, the version played on grass was more popular.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] Other historical ballgames like ice played on European rackets were colv played on ice in the Netherlands in the 16th and 17th centuries.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Kolv, however, wasn't a team game, but was more akin to golf.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Games played in Russia included julas, kotol and kubar, among others.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] In the past, the terms “bandy” and “hockey” meant the same thing, but coming to the present day, the ice and grass versions have differentiated.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Bandy, or ice ball, is played on ice and hockeya, or ground hockeya, on grass courts.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Later, North Americans developed their own version based on the sport, in which the number of players was halved and the field as well as goals were reduced.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Based on this, hockey was born.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] The genesis of the present-form ice ball To its present form, ice ball developed in the 18th century in the Fen region of England.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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A game called bat and ball had been played in England for hundreds of years.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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It was also developed into a version played on ice and skates, which could be played during the winter.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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This was in an area called The Fens in the east of England, where low-lying swampy land received ice cover in winter.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The centre of the game served as the village of Bury-on-Fen, where hockey played on ice was practiced at least as early as the winter of 1813—1814, but most likely the game had developed even earlier.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] In the mid-19th century, the hobby of the species spread to cities as well.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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One of the first clubs was Nottingham Forest Football anf Bandy Club, founded in 1865, which later concentrated only on football.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] [4] Another one of the early ice ball clubs still operating is Sheffield United, founded in 1889.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[5] Common rules for the game were established in the FENS region in 1882 and the species' union was established in 1891.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Accompanied by the British, the species spread across the European mainland beginning in the 1890s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] The first international match was played in 1891 when a team from Bury Fen travelled to Holland.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[6] The species got the best foothold from Sweden, where Count Clarence von Rosen brought the species in the winter of 1895—1896.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Stockholm was played among club teams for the first time at the 1901 Nordic Games.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The Swedish championship was played for the first time in 1907.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] The species also spread into the Russian Empire and St. Petersburg became another important base for the species.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] In Russia, the Exalted had already played a similar game in the 18th century on the ice of the Neva River.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] The current form of ice ball has been considered to have begun in St. Petersburg in 1898.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] In the 1890s, the hobby of the species also spread to Central Europe.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[1] Beginning of competitive activities International ice ball activities began in 1913, when the first international ice ball tournament was played when the European Championships were held in Davos, Switzerland.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The tournament involved the Netherlands, Belgium, England, Italy, Austria-Hungary, France, Germany and Switzerland.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The championship was won by the England team.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The First World War, however, cut off the development of the species' international activities.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[7] In the Nordic countries, national team activities began after the war years, when in 1919, Sweden and Finland faced in Helsinki, this was the first ice ball game for both countries.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[8] [6] Since 1919 Finland and Sweden faced off in a country match each year.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[9] Sweden began annual matches against Norway in 1927.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Finland and Norway faced each other for the first time in 1940.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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During the 1920s—1930s, Finland also faced Estonia in friendlies.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[10] [11] National championships began to be played in Sweden 1907, Finland 1908 and Norway 1912.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[6] [12] [13] The national championship also began to be played in Estonia and the first competition was held in 1921.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In Estonia, however, activity soured in the 1930s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[14] In the Soviet Union, the national championship was not played for the first time until 1936.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[15] In the early 20th century, Canadian ice hockey also spread to Europe, which suppressed the budding development of ice ball in Central Europe, but the popularity of ice ball remained in the Nordic countries and Russia.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Elsewhere, the game began to be played under Canadian rules.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Crucial to the development was hockey's entry into the Olympic program in 1920, which suppressed the bandy game from Central Europe by the end of the 1920s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] [16] Russian Bandy History The modern rules of ice ball were written in England, but in a sense the sport has also developed in Russia, as a game like ice ball was played in St. Petersburg even before the spread of the game from the British Isles.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[17] [1] A considerable influence on the spread of the game in the Russian Empire had on Brits working in Saint Petersburg.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In St. Petersburg, common rules for the species were developed in 1898, in what is considered the year of the birth of Russian ice ball.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] St Petersburg became the base of the sport and it started playing ice ball at the turn of the 18th—20th century, and as the species waned elsewhere, it maintained its popularity in Russia.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[3] In 1900 there were eight ice ball clubs operating in Saint Petersburg, playing matches between themselves and also doing away game tours.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The first game trip was to the Grand Duchy of Finland when Sport in St. Petersburg went to play a match in Vyborg.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In 1905, play for the local championship began to be played in St. Petersburg, and the first clubs were founded in Moscow in 1902.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Moscow developed into another center for Russian ice ball.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Other cities where early ice ball competitions were held in the early 20th century were Blagoveshchensk, Vladivostok, Riga, Tver, Arkhangelsk, Kharkiv and Novgorod.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] In the early 20th century, teams from Moscow and St. Petersburg played yearly matches in both cities and the first foreign trip was headed to Sweden in 1907.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In 1914, there were more than 30 clubs in the country, but the war prevented play for the championship.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] The Russian Revolution and Civil War slowed the development of ice ball in the country.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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After the war, the Russian Empire formed the Soviet Union and the development of the species in the country continued.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The sport was also included in the national curriculum and competitions were organised for children and young people, as well as for women and men.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the 1920s, inter-city matches were played, but the Soviet championship was not yet played.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] In 1928, the Soviet Union of Bandy and Ground Hockey was founded.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the same year, the Soviet national team was also born and the team participated in the Workers' International Winter Sports Competitions held in February in Oslo.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Subsequently, international contacts between the Soviet Union and the rest of the ice ball world were broken for a quarter of a century and international matches resumed in the mid-1950s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] The Soviet Championship was played for the first time in a tournament format in Moscow in 1936.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The 12-team tournament was won by Moscow Dynamo.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The next time the national championship was not played until 1950.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the intervening years, a cup format competition was played, with the exception of the war years when competitive activities were interrupted.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The win in the cup competition was always shared with either Moscow Dynamo or the Soviet Army Central Sports Club TSSKA's ice ball team.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] There were also national cup competitions and tournaments for women since the inter-world wars period.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] [19] Despite its relatively high popularity, women's competitive activity waned for three decades in the 1950s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[19] Since 1950, the Soviet Bandy Championship was played annually.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The Moscow CSKA won the championship three times in the 1950s, in other years right up to the 1970s the country championship was always won by either Moscow Dynamo or Sverdlovsk SKA.


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Only in 1977 the championship managed to be won by some other club, when Alma-Atan Dynamo won the Soviet Championship Series.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the 1980s, the country's series was dominated by the Yenisei of Krasnoyarsk, who won a record ten consecutive championships between 1980 and 1989.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Its eleventh championship it won in 1991.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In addition, the Soviet championship was capable of Krasnogorsk Zorki twice.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The latter of the Zork championships came in 1992, when this was the CIS championship series following the transformation of the Soviet Union into the Commonwealth of Independent States.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[18] In 1992, the Russian Bandy Federation was founded, which continued to operate the Soviet Bandy Federation.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The Russian championship was played for the first time in the 1992—93 season.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The championship was achieved by Krasnogorsk Zorki.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the early years of the series, Ska-Zens of Yekaterinburg and Sibselmash of Novosibirsk were also promoted to the championship, before Vodnik of Arkhangelsk won ten titles between 1996 and 2005.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Only in 2001, Krasnoyarsk Yenisei achieved the championship, breaking Vodnik's championship streak.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Since 2005, the series has been dominated again by Moscow Dynamo.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the 2010s, Dynamo-Kazan and Yenisei have also promoted to the championship.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[20] Swedish Bandy history In Sweden, ice ball arrived in the winter of 1895—1896 and the sport immediately gained a solid foothold in the country.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The first club, Hockeyklubben i Stockholm, was founded in 1896.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The first match between clubs from Stockholm and Uppsala was played in 1901 on the Nybroviken ice.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The following year, 1902, the first ever ice ball series was played among eight teams organised by the Swedish Ball Games Federation.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In 1906, the Swedish Football Association was formed in place of the ball-playing federation to administer the country's ice ball operations.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[6] The year 1907 was something of a breakthrough season for bandy in Sweden.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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That year Sweden got its first international touches when St Petersburg Eislaufverein, St. Petersburg, made a playing trip to Sweden, and Sweden's unofficial national team also travelled to Helsinki, where it played matches against St. Petersburg and Polyteknikkot Sports Club.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Further south in Sweden, Malmö's Hockeyklubb and Köpenhamns Skjötelöperförening also faced off in an international match.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The first Swedish Championships were also held in 1907.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Five teams participated in the competition and IFK Uppsala survived as champion.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The early Sweden Championships were dominated by Stockholm and Uppsalan clubs.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Women's ice ball activities also took off in the 1910s.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[6] [21] In 1925, the Swedish Bandy Federation was founded, which took over administration of the country's ice ball operations instead of the football association.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the 1920s, public interest in the sport also grew, when in the 1910s the finals of the first championships were watched by hundreds of spectators, so in the following decade there was already talk of several thousand.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The largest crowd was seen in 1925 when the final played at Stockholm Stadium was watched by more than 9,000 spectators.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[22] [21] At the turn of the 1920s—1930s, Swedish bandy entered a kind of adolescence when the country's leading ice ball clubs no longer wanted to play a cup-shaped competition for the Swedish championship.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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In the cup competition there was a risk of dropping out of the competition early on, when only a few matches would have come for the team in the winter.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Because of this, the country's leading six clubs did not participate in the cup-shaped 1930 championship organised by the country's federation, but played their own six-team series, the sexlagsserien.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Clubs that boycotted the competition, organised by the Swedish federation, played their own series separate from the official championship.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The national championship was won by SK Tirfing, but it is likely that would not have happened if six of the country's top clubs had entered the competition.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The following year 1931, the Swedish championship was settled in a series-format competition for the first time and the clubs that boycotted the competition were back in the competition.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The country's main series was played in two blocks, with the winners facing off in a final match.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Stockholm AIK went down in history as the winner of the first series-format competition.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[22] [23] [24] By the 1940s, audience numbers continued to grow strongly and the final of the 1944 season already allowed over the 20,000 spectator limit.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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1948 saw the biggest reading of the decade when 26,617 spectators watched the final.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[25] [21] [24] One of the most memorable and written finals of the decade, however, was the 1949 final between Edsbyns IF and Nässjö IF.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Due to the mild winter, the match could not be played at Stockholm Stadium, so the match was played on the ice of the lake, the venue being Eksjön Perstorpgölen, in the middle of the forest.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The official audience count for the match was 14,819 spectators, but in reality 17,000 spectators were present.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The match remained the last final match played on Lake Ice.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[25] [26] [27] The following decade already saw the arrival of artificial ice, when Rocklunda in Västerås became the world's first artificial ice field.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[25] [24] [28] Subsequently, artificial ice tracks were built in Sweden at a high speed, in 1969 there were already 50 artificial ice tracks in the country that could be used to play ice ball.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The construction of artificial ice tracks enabled the development of a high ice ball culture in Sweden.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[29] In the 1970s, the country began hosting the Bandy World Cup, which was originally played in Ljusdal every year.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The annual tournament became part of the ice ball culture in Sweden.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[30] The ice ball culture was also spread to other countries as Swedes spread the sport specifically to the United States from the 1970s onwards.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[31] In the 1970s, competitions for the Women's Swedish Championship were also started.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[32] The national series was also developed and in the early 1980s, Allsvenskan, divided into two geographical blocks, was formed from the main series of the country.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The most successful club of the decade was IF Boltic from Karlstad, who won the national championship eight times between 1979 and 1988.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[33] [31] [34] In the 1990s, the country's main series was again dominated by Västerås SK, the country's most successful bandy club in terms of number of championships.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[21] In the women's series, the most successful club is AIK.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[32] In 2003, the first ice ball rink was completed in the country when the Dina Arena in Edsbyn was completed.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[35] With Hall, Edsbyns IF emerged as the number one club in the country, it won the country championship five times in a row, between 2004 and 2008.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[21] Since then, new ice ball rinks have been made in Sweden at a steady pace and there are already twenty ice ball rinks in the country.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[36] The move to the halls has also generated criticism and crowd averages for home matches of many clubs that have moved to the halls have dropped.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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Critics say the shift of traditional open-air play to indoor facilities has affected the game and has changed the nature of the match event, as indoor rinks do not have the same ambience as open-air matches.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[37] [38] Finnish Bandy history In Finland, ice ball came from St. Petersburg at the end of the 1890s and most firmly took root in Vyborg.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The sport was brought to Finland in the winter of 1896 by Otto Wächter, a Vyborg merchant and chairman of Viborgs Skridskoklubb, who had become acquainted with the game during his business trips in Saint Petersburg.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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[16] [39] Wächter founded the first ice ball club in Finland, Wiborgs Hockeyklubb.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

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The club played Finland's first international ice ball matches in the winter of 1900.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

[39] A multi-sport joint Winter Games was held in Helsinki in 1907, in connection with which a bandy tournament was played, also featuring Swedish and Saint Petersburg teams.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

After the Games, those who worked with the sport became convinced of the need to establish a national sport federation and in May 1907 the Finnish Palloliitto was founded, which included football as a summer sport in addition to bandy.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The ball federation organized the first Finnish championship tournament in 1908.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

All matches of the tournament were played on sea ice off Helsinki.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

Later that summer, the Finnish championship was also played in football and water polo, so ice polo is honoured with the title of Finland's oldest Finnish ball sport competition.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

The historic championship was won by the Helsinki-based Polyteknikkot sports club.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

[16] [12] [13] [10] In the 1910s, Canadian ice hockey was not yet practiced in Finland, but there was a terminological discrepancy, as there was still little difference between the words bandy and ice hockey.


Question: What period did France play continuously in the A Series of the Hockey World Cup in the 2000s?

Bandy

In the Finnish-national spirit, the terms bandy and hockey originated abroad no longer qualified.