Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

The film follows the style of the television series in both animation and story.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

[104] The film was seen in Finland on the premiere day of the animated film with a record of over 30000 viewers and 176543 viewers in the first week.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

[105] [106] In addition to Finland, the film was also the most watched of the weekend in its native United States, where it garnered over $70 million in revenue on its opening weekend.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

[107] A number of music albums have been released from the Simpsons.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

A music album by The Simpsons Sing the Blues featuring songs inspired by the series was released on December 4, 1990.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

The songs were performed by the series' voice actors along with guest soloists.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

The single “Do the Bartman”, secretly written by Michael Jackson and sung by Nancy Cartwright in Bart's voice, became a chart hit, and the album sold double platinum in the United States.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

[108] The Yellow Album was soon recorded as a “sequel” to the album, which, however, was not released until 1998.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

Songs and background music heard in the series itself have been released on three soundtrack albums: Songs in the Key of Springfield (1997), Go Simpsonic with The Simpsons (1999), and The Simpsons: Testify (2007).


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

DVD releases of episodes of The Simpsons have also been available for sale on VHS cassettes, but as the DVD became more widespread, entire production seasons of the series have gone on sale as DVD boxsets and subsequently as blu-ray compilations as well.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

Episodes have also been released as various, including Halloween and Christmas-themed collections.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

Released in 2001, the first production season became the best-selling DVD of the television series by then; though it was overtaken by the first production season of Chappelle's Show in 2004.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

[109] Twentieth Century Fox announced in spring 2015 that season releases of The Simpsons would no longer be released on DVD or blu-ray in the future.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

However, the seventeenth production season, with a total release appearing in December 2014, [110] received a follow-up in late 2017 when it was decided to continue publishing and the eighteenth production season appeared on DVD.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

Sources Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehtinen, Jari| title = Animation history| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finn Lectura| year = 2013| isbn = 978-951-792-572-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Paakkinen, Jouni| title = The Simpsons: Two decades of the yellow family| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Atena| year = 2009| version = 2. exact.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

institution| isbn = 978-951-796-581-1}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Paakkinen, Jouni| title = The Simpsons: Two Decades of the Yellow Family | location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Atena| year = 2010| version=3rd revised edition: Atschi! -paperback | isbn = 978-951-796-639-9}} On topic elsewhere Finnish fan site.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

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Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When has Simponit series started to be aired?

Simpsons

* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Daniel “Dani” Pedrosa (born 29 September 1985 in Sabadell) is a Spanish track motorcyclist driving in the MotoGP class for Repsol Honda stable who has announced that he would end his career for the 2018 season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[1] He has won the 250-cube world title twice in 2004 and 2005, as well as once the 125-cube world title.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the MotoGP category, Pedrosa has finished second in his best World Cup points in the 2007, 2010 and 2012 seasons.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa is 159 cm tall and weighing 51 kg.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Racing career 125cc Pedrosa raced the first track motorcycling season of his career in 2001 at Honda's factory stable on a Honda RS125 bike.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He was only 15 years old at the time, but surprised by driving twice to finish third.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Points accrued 100, which were enough in points to place 8th.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the 2002 season, Pedrosa raced the first win of his career in the Dutch GP.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He won two other races in addition to this and finished third after accumulating points of 243.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[2] Pedrosa raced a total of nine podium placings and six pole positions during the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He raced, among others, in the first two races of the season to pole position, but finished eighth in the first and third in the second.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

However, Pedrosa managed to drive three times from pole position to victory in Holland, the Pacific and the closing race in Valencia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

2003 Pedrosa ran the first championship of his career by a 57-point difference to second-placed Alex de Angelise.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[3] Pedrosa won five races during the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He raced six times for the podium, one of which was runner-up.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also raced three times to pole position in Holland, Brazil and the Pacific, the latter two coming in consecutive races.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

After securing the title following the Malaysian race, Pedrosa broke both of his ankles during practice for the penultimate race of the season in Australia, which saw him forced to miss the final two races of the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

250cc For the 2004 season, he switched to 250-cubes, still staying in the Telefónica Movistar Honda stable, but after breaking both of his ankles in the previous season Pedrosa was unable to test his new Honda RSW250 bike.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

However, already in his first 250-cube season Pedrosa won the world championship and seven sectionals with it.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He beat fellow Argentinian Sebastian Porto, who came second, by 61 points.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa ran a best of eight races in a row for the podium and thirteen times in total.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He raced four times to pole position in France, Portugal, Japan and Valencia, in all but Portugal, Pedrosa raced off pole to outright victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the 2005 season, Pedrosa won his second world title in a row in the 250-cubes when second placed Australian Casey Stoner, for whom the season was the first in the 250 class.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa beat Stoner with a 55-point difference.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[4] After the season Pedrosa and Stoner rose to the MotoGP category, both only in their 20s.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

During the season, Pedrosa raced exceptionally at No 1, while before that he raced only at number 26.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He won eight races during the season one more than in the previous season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

At his best, Pedrosa ran three races in a row to victory in France, Italy and Catalonia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He also managed to run four prize podium placings in a row in the same winning streak after running second in Holland.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In total, Pedrosa drove eleventimes to the podium, and no less than seven times the fastest lap time of the race.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He also raced five times to pole position, of which he raced four times straight to victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

After two 250-cube seasons in MotoGP, Pedrosa switched to MotoGP and remained a driver for Honda's factory stable.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He was powered by Repsol Honda's Honda RC211V wheel, which, in the first leg of the 2006 season at his home track in Jerez, Spain, Pedrosa was already third fastest in practice on Friday after experienced drivers, leaving among others Italian Valentino, who dominated the MotoGP class Behind Ross.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

For the contest, Pedrosa left screen 5th, alongside fellow stablemate Nicky Hayden and on the other side Toni Elías.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa was close to even victory during the race, but was eventually second behind Loris Capirossi of the Ducati stable.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

The previous season, Stoner, who had struggled with Pedrosa for the 250ccs championship, was sixth in the race.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

At the Chinese GP on 14 May, Pedrosa won the first MotoGP class sectional race of his career and also drove the first fastest lap of his career in that class in the same race.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

The day before that, Pedrosa also ran the first pole position of his MotoGP class career.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He eventually finished fifth in World Championship points as stablemate Hayden won the first world title of his career.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa fell 13 points clear of fourth-ranked Marco Melandri.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[5] Pedrosa raced twice to victory during the season, the latter of which came in Britain.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He also managed to run three times in a row for the podium and eight times in total.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also raced four times in his rookie season to pole position, of which he raced in China and Britain to outright victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In his second season in MotoGP, 2007, Pedrosa finished second in World Championship points, losing by 125 points to championship-winning Casey Stoner.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[6] Pedrosa rose to second place in World Cup points in the final race of the season with a one-point difference to Valentino Rossi, who interrupted the closing race of the season as Pedrosa raced to victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the period, the wheels were reduced from 990-cubic to 800-cubic and the Honda stable used a new model Honda RC212V wheel.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa drove almost the same result as in his rookie season by driving two wins and achieving eight podium finishes.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

However, he managed to run five pole positions and four fastest laps.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

From pole positions he raced four in a row in the final four races of the season, one of which Pedrosa once raced to outright victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

His first pole position of the season came in the second race of the season at his home race in Spain, where Pedrosa eventually finished second.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Prior to the start of the 2008 season, Pedrosa suffered during tests including a hand injury, a fracture of another metacarpal, which caused him to miss development of the bike.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa continued as Hayden's stablemate at Honda and used exceptionally as race number 2, while prior to that Pedrosa had the number 26 in use.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He led the World Cup series after nine races until injuring, among other things, his wrist and ankle at the next race in Germany, after falling down and having to miss the next race in the United States.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa returned for the subsequent Czech race, where he finished only 15th, but managed to improve his performance in the final races of the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa eventually finished third in World Cup points, losing the world title by 124 points to Valentino Rossi.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[7] Pedrosa's stablemate Hayden, by contrast, finished sixth.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa raced to victory twice in Spain and Catalonia during the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In addition, before his injury, he managed to run eight times for the podium in the first nine races.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Only in France he finished fourth despite leaving the race from pole position.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In total, Pedrosa raced to the podium eleventimes, which was his new record in the MotoGP class.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He also ran two pole positions, the first coming in France and the second at the end of the season in Malaysia, where he finished second in the race eventually.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also twice ran the fastest lap time of the race during the season and managed to win both races in the process.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the 2009 season, Pedrosa experienced the same fate as in the previous season after being injured in pre-season tests.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He started the season weakly by finishing fourth in Qatar's time-honours and ranking 11th in the race as Pedrosa's new stable mate Andrea Dovizioso ran the race to fifth place.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

However, after the opening race, Pedrosa improved his performance and was third in the final points of the World Cup series, while stablemate Dovizioso stayed sixth.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He achieved two victories in the United States and the season's closing race in Valencia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also raced twice to pole position first in France and later in Indianapolis, but missed the race itself to finish 10th while in France he raced third.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also managed to run eleven times for the podium in the sides of his performance from the previous season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

At his best, he raced five times in a row to the podium, coming in the final five races of the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also managed to run five of the fastest lap times of the race, which was the new record for his MotoGP career.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Season 2010 progressed promisingly for Pedrosa, although the level of performance slipped from race to race at the start of the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

After Rossi was injured in the fourth race of the season, Pedrosa emerged to compete strongly with Jorge Lorenzo, who started the season, for the championship.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the 14th race of the season, Pedrosa missed his chance at the championship due to injury.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He was found to have, among other things, a fracture of his collarbone.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa was forced to miss three races, during which Lorenzo had had time to secure the world title.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa eventually finished second in the World Cup series with a 138-point difference to Lorenzo.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

His stablemate Dovizioso, by contrast, finished fifth.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa raced four times to the victory, which was his new record in the MotoGP class.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He won the Italian and German races, as well as consecutive Indianapolis and San Marino.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa managed to drive nine times for the podium, the best of which he raced four times in a row.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa ran the most fastest laps of the race during the season (8), which he used to side his single-season record of running in the 2004 250-cubes with the same number of fastest laps in the race.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

For the pole, Pedrosa drove four times, for which he raced twice to outright victory.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In the 2011 season, Pedrosa raced for Repsol Honda along with Casey Stoner and Andrea Dovizioso when the stable decided to introduce a third wheel.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa started the season strongly by finishing on the podium in the first three races, one of which was a win in Portugal.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

However, he had a crash with Marco Simoncelli in May's race in France and injured his collarbone after having to miss the next three races.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He returned back to compete in July at the Italian race, where Pedrosa finished eighth.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

At the end of the season, he finished fourth in the World Championship series, with Stoner driving a Honda to become World Champion and Dovizioso finishing third.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Despite an unlucky season, Pedrosa managed to win three races in addition to Portugal, the German and Japanese races.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He also raced his best four times in a row for the podium being three times second and once first.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In total, Pedrosa raced nine times for the podium, as well as twice for pole position in the Czech Republic and Malaysia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

To his misfortune in the Czech Republic, Pedrosa was forced to suspend and the Malaysian race had to be suspended when, in an accident on the second lap, Marco Simoncelli died from injuries he sustained.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

The 2012 season was the best of Pedrosa's career in MotoGP as Honda decided to bounce back with two drivers for the new season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In addition, with the new rule changes, the MotoGP wheels were changed from 800-cubic to thousand cubes, with which the stable introduced the new Honda RC213V wheel.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa finished third in the second race of the season in Spain, which was the hundredth race of his MotoGP career.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

After Stoner was injured in the second half of the season, Pedrosa was ever closer to the world title, but eventually lost by an 18-point difference to Jorge Lorenzo, who was driving on Yamaha, who drove considerably more evenly, being the worst second.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa won the most races during the season with seven wins, which was at the same time his career-best achievement in MotoGP.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also raced 15 times out of 18 races in the season for a podium finish, which he used to break his old record of 13 podium placings in the 250-cube series.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa also ran the most fastest lap times with nine apiece, which was also his single-season record.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

For pole position he raced five times, twice of which he raced straight to victory in the Czechs and Valencia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Mid-season in July, Honda announced during the Italian race weekend that it had signed a two-year extension deal with Pedrosa.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

For the 2013 season, Pedrosa received last season's Moto2 World Champion Marc Marquez as his stable mate.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa amassed 300 points in the season, which was enough to finish third as stablemate Márquez won the title in his rookie season with 334 points.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Between the duo was Jorge Lorenzo on 330 points.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa was forced to miss one race during the season in Germany due to a broken collarbone, after falling during Saturday's practice.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[8] This time Pedrosa won three races, of which the Spanish and French races he won consecutively in the third and fourth races of the season.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

At the end of the season, Pedrosa still won the Malaysian competition.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

For the podium he managed to drive 13 times, the best of which Pedrosa raced five times in a row to finish in the top three.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

He was also recorded four fastest laps of the race, as well as the two pole positions he raced in successive races in Italy and Catalonia.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

Pedrosa finished second in both races.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

In May 2016, prior to the Italian race, Pedrosa announced that he had entered into a two-year extension contract with Repsol Honda.


Question: When was Daniel Pedrosa born?

Daniel Pedrosa

[9] Statistics Sources Category:Spanish track motorcyclists Category:World champions of track motorcycling Class:Born in 1985 Category:Living persons


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company (abbreviation FoMoCo) is an American automobile manufacturer founded in 1903 by Henry Ford in Detroit.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford has factories of its own independent design work in addition to the United States in Britain (founded 1911), Germany (founded 1925), Australia (founded 1925), Brazil (founded 1925) and Turkey.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company brands include Lincoln in addition to Ford.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford owns a minority stake in Mazda.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In 2008, Ford produced 5.532 million cars and employed approximately 213,000 people in 90 factories worldwide.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

2009 Ford produced 4.817 million cars.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford had an operating profit of $2.7 billion in 2009.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

The group's assets are estimated to be around $200 billion.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

History Ford's European operations headquarters is located in Cologne, Germany.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In March 2008, Ford sold British-based Jaguar and Land Rover to Indian company Tata Motors for US$2.3 billion.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In 2010, Ford sold Swedish Volvo to Chinese company Geely.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In the mid-1990s, Ford made a profit selling big S.U.V."s.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

On the 21st century side, the company mired in financial difficulties.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

It made a loss of $12.7 billion in 2006 and 2.7 billion in 2007.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Under Alan Mulally, Ford avoided the bankruptcy that faced its rivals General Motors and Chrysler in 2009.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In 2011, the company had revenues of $136264 million and operating profit of $20213 million.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[1] The company was ranked ninth on the 2012 Fortune 500 list.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[2] Ford in Finland The first Ford car came to Finland in 1904.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

The car was sold by G.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

F. Stockmann and was purchased by assistant priest Walter Lampen, for whom the salesman also acquired a chauffeur.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

This was the only car dealership made by Stockmann for years, since the business did not return to car imports until 1912.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[3] In 1911, the brothers Aleksander, Fritiof and Tor Nyberg, who were emigrants in the United States, received Ford's representation to Finland from Ford's representative in Paris.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

The following year the brothers started their sales operations in Helsinki and their first batch of sales comprised three Ford T cars.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Until the outbreak of the First World War, Fords were sold in Finland through eight dealers across the country, around one hundred copies.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[4] The reconstruction of Ford's sales network in Finland began in 1919, when a Ford car assembly plant was established in Copenhagen for Scandinavian countries and Ford Motor Company agents began to look for dealers in Finland.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In the same year, Oy Argos Ab obtained exclusive rights to sell Fordson tractors in Finland.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In 1921, Ford Motor Company entered into an import agreement with Korpivaara & Halla Ltd.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

However, the two sides soon fell into disagreements over the marketing of the cars and the agreement unraveled in 1924.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Ford Motor Company then leased factory and branch facilities in Hernesaari, Helsinki, where an assembly plant was also planned.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In 1926, Ford Motor Company of Finland Oy, a subsidiary under the main company, was founded, which was the first automobile factory subsidiary established in Finland.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

The company's name was changed in 1937 to Oy Ford AB.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Before the outbreak of World War II, imports of Ford cars began, along with the United States, also from Britain.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[5] During the 1920s and 1930s, Ford of Finland was also subordinated to Ford car sales and service operations in Estonia.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Oy Ford Ab was listed on the Helsinki Stock Exchange in 1938.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[6] In 1939 Ford was the most common passenger car brand in Finland with more than a quarter (26.7%) of registered cars.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[7] By the same year, more than 5000 Fordson tractors had been imported into Finland.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[6] After the Winter War, all Ford operations were evacuated to Vaasa, from where they returned to Helsinki in the summer of 1940.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

In order to ease the emergency situation caused by the war, 4400 Ford trucks were ordered from the United States; however, only during the intermediate peace period.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

During the Continuation War, new trucks damaged and made as spoils of war were assembled in Hernesaari, Helsinki, for use by the armed forces.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[6] Immediately after the Second World War, Fordson Sussex and Thames lorries with right-hand drive were imported from Britain in 1945—1948, with large motor vehicle loans issued by the Ford Motor Company.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[8] In the postwar years, Ford cars began to be imported from then West Germany as well.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[9] In 1946—1947 Oy Ford Ab set aside a total of 15 million marks for the promotion, teaching and research of motor transport and agricultural mechanization, and in 1947 the Henry Ford Foundation was established, providing grants to students in the field of technology and agricultural colleges and for agricultural and transport research projects.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[10] In 1946, President J. K. Paasikivi received the Lincoln V-12, the finest car in its collection, as a gift from Ford Motor Company.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[11] In the decades following the wars, Ford cars have been imported into Finland from the Group's factories in the United States, Britain, Germany, Belgium, France and Brazil.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Until the 1960s, Fords produced in each country were cars so different in nature that they could have been classed each as their own brand.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

At the end of 1969, Finland had more than 73000 British and more than 24000 German Fords on the register.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[12] The most popular passenger car models from the 1960s to the 1980s were the Anglia, Cortina, Taunus, Escort, Capri, Fiesta and Sierra.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[10] The port of importing Ford cars was moved from congested Helsinki to Hanko in 1963 [13], but due to Hanko's traffically-cumbersome location, imports were moved to a new free port built in Turku in 1969.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[14] Fords manufactured in the United States were actively marketed in Finland until 1967, after which they have been imported mainly by special order.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[15] Oy Ford AB's net sales in 1982 amounted to Marks 813.9 million.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[16] At the end of 1988, 170,791 Ford passenger cars were registered in Finland and was the third most common passenger car brand after Nissan and Toyota.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Fords then made up just under ten per cent of Finland's total passenger car fleet (1795908 pieces).


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[17] Administration Jorma Ollila was on Ford's board from 2000 to 2008 as was Vodafone board chairman John Bond.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

[18] Models Models, Europe Ford B-Max Ford C-Max Ford Fiesta Ford Focus Ford Galaxy Ford Ka+ Ford Mondeo Ford Ranger Ford S-Max Ford Transit Ford Transit Connect Ford Transit Courier Ford Transit Courier Ford Transit Custom Ford Kuga Ford Mustang Ford Fiesta Van Ford Tourneo Ford Tourneo Custom Ford Tourneo Connect Ford Tourneo Courier Ford EcoSport Trucks, Europe Ford Rhein/Ruhr/FK (Ford Cologne) Ford Thames Trader Ford D Series Ford Cargo Ford Transcontinental Ford StreetKA 2004 Ford Focus 2004 Ford Mondeo Discontinued Models, Europe Ford 12M Ford 15M Ford 17M Ford 20M Ford 26M Ford Anglia Ford Capri Ford Comete Ford Consul Ford Consul Capri Ford Consul Cortina Ford Cortina Ford Cortina Ford Cougar Ford Courier Ford Cwt Van Ford De Luxe Ford Econovan Ford Eifel Ford Eight Ford Escort Ford Granada Ford Model Y Ford Orion Ford Pilot Ford Popular Ford Prefect Ford Probe Ford Puma Ford Rheinland Ford RS200 Ford Taunus Ford Thames Ford Scorpio Ford Sierra Ford StreetKa Ford Ten Ford Vedette Ford Vendôme Ford Zephyr Ford Zodiac 1996 Ford Escort RS Ford Scorpio Limousine Ford Sierra Sapphire Current Models, United States Ford Fiesta Ford Focus Ford Fusion (USA) Ford Taurus Ford Mustang Ford GT Ford EcoSport Ford Escape Ford Explorer Ford Expedition Ford C-Max Ford Transit Ford F-150 Ford Super Duty Ford E-Series Ford F-650 2018 Ford Expedition.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

2017 Ford F-150.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

2009 Ford Taurus.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Discontinued models, United States Ford 300 Ford Bronco Ford Bronco II Ford Custom Ford Crestline Ford Elite Ford Escort Ford Five Hundred Ford Focus (USA) Ford Freestyle Ford Galaxie Ford GT40 Ford Falcon Ford Fairlane Ford LTD Ford Mainline Ford Ford Model A Ford Model C Ford Model F Ford Model F Ford Model F Ford Model N Ford Model N Ford Model R Ford Model S Ford Model T Ford Ford Ranchero Ford Skyliner Ford Sunliner Ford Taurus X Ford Tempo Ford Thunderbird Ford Torino Ford Parklane Ford Pinto Ford Probe Ford Quadricycle Ford V8 Ford Victoria Ford Windstar Ford ZX 2 1921 Ford Model T roadster 1931 Ford Model A coupe 1932 Ford Deuce Coupe Hot Rod 1955 Ford Fairlane Victoria 1961 Ford Galaxie Sunliner 1965 Ford GT40 1973 Ford Pinto Pangra Ford Gran Torino Models, Australia Fairlane Falcon LTD Territory Models, Brazil P100 EcoSport Fiesta Ka Models, South Africa Figo Models, India Figo Ikon Models, China Ford Escort (2015) Tractors Ford Motor Company has also manufactured tractors.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Sources Literature Rahunen, E.: Oy Ford Ab 50 years 1926—1976.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Features of the history of Ford—Finland.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Huddersfield in 1976.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

On the subject elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Who owns the Ford company?

Ford Motor Company

(in Finnish) Category:United States Companies * Category:Key Articles in Screening


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant; April 27, 1822 — July 23, 1885) was a general who led the Army of the Northern States during the American Civil War, as well as the 18th President of the United States (1869—1877).


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Prior to his ascension to president, he served in the Union Army, eventually rising to be commander of the armed forces of the entire country.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In his ascension to president, he had little political experience: before his presidency, he served only a few months as United States Secretary of War.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

As president, Grant's most notable achievement was improving the U.S.-Great Britain gap.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, Grant's administration suffered from extensive corruption and the status of Indians in particular deteriorated considerably during Grant's period.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Life Youth Hiram Ulysses Grant was born on April 27, 1822 in Point Pleasant, Ohio.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, he moved with his parents, Jesse and Hannah Simpson Grant, as early as the following year to Georgetown, where Jesse ran a tavern.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In 1839, Jesse arranged for Hiram Ulysses to have a site at the illustrious West Point Military Academy.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Congressman Thomas L. Hamer, who served at West Point, mistakenly labeled Hiram's name as Ulysses Simpson Grant.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Hiram never corrected the error, instead setting about using his incorrect name.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

During his time at West Point, Grant became known as an accomplished horseman, though otherwise regarded as a weaker than average student.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He graduated from the academy in 1843.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Following his graduation, Grant was assigned as a second lieutenant to the 4th Infantry Regiment, whose base was located in Barracks, Missouri.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In 1844, he met the sister of his fellow student at West Point, Julia Dent.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Two years later, Grant fought with his regiment in the Mexican-American War, from which he returned to Missouri after the end of the war in 1848.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

That same year he married Julia Dent; the couple had four children in total, all of whom survived to adulthood.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

After the marriage, Grant was forced to spend time away from his family, as he was always called up for army service in between.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He resigned from the army in 1852.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Civil War and Return to the Army After resigning from the Army, Grant moved with his family to White Haven Farm in Missouri, where Julia had spent her youth.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

While in White Haven, Grant first tried to farm land and later work as a real estate dealer, failing at both.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In 1860, Grant and his family moved to Galena, Illinois, where he got a job in his father's leather store.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] When the Civil War broke out in April 1861, Grant enlisted in the 21st Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment, where he was made colonel and regimental commander.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Shortly after this, Grant and his troops waged their first battle when Grant attacked Confederate forces in Missouri.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Later, in the summer of that year, President Abraham Lincoln made Grant a brigadier general.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant became well known around the Union when he pounded Confederate forces at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

When the Confederate commander at the end of the Battle of Fort Donelson asked Grant the terms of his surrender, the latter uttered his famous words: “No terms except an unconditional and immediate surrender can be accepted” ().


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant derived his nickname from this, Unconditional Surrender.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In April, Confederate forces surprised Grant in Tennessee, and the latter's force suffered heavy losses.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, Grant received reinforcements and forced the Confederate forces to withdraw the next day.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Although the victory was strategically very important to the Union, many blamed Grant for too great losses.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Lincoln, however, stood by Grant: he appreciated Grant's aggressive warfare that forced the Confederacy on the defensive.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant's eccentric behaviour in the midst of the fighting astounded almost everyone in his company; he remained calm throughout the battle, smoking cigars, giving simple instructions to his commanders and not otherwise intervening in their battles.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] [2] In July 1863, Grant, who was by then reaping a reputation as a persistent and determined leader, achieved one of the most significant victories of his career when he defeated Confederate forces at the Battle of Vicksburg.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant had first attempted to attack the Vicksburg Fort from the north, but upon finding this desirable, he marched his troops to the other side of the Mississippi River.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He pounded the Confederate defenses at Jackson as well as Champion Hill and managed to lay siege to Vicksburg.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

After six weeks of siege, the fort surrendered.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In March 1864, Lincoln appointed Grant lieutenant general and commander of the entire Union Army.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant was transferred to Washington, D.C., where it was hoped he would get the best overall picture of the war.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, Grant soon decided to leave Washington for the warfield in support of General George Meade's forces.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Forces led by Grant and Meade suffered heavy losses at Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor, for which Grant was given the business name The Butcher () by the Democratic press.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant, however, continued his war expedition and was encircled by the main forces of the Confederate Army at Richmond in April 1865.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

On April 9, Robert E. Lee, commander of the Confederate forces, surrendered and the Civil War ended.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Five days later, President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated at Ford's Theatre.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant, too, had been invited to join the theatre, but had refused.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

After the assassination, pro-slavery Andrew Johnson rose to the presidency.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] [2] Rising to president after the end of the Civil War, Grant became a national hero in the United States.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In 1866, President Johnson appointed Grant as the nation's first four-star general.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

At the same time, however, relations between Johnson and Congress became increasingly strained as Congress accused Johnson of slowing the abolition of slavery.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In the summer of 1867, Johnson fired Secretary of War Edwin Stanton, who had been critical of his policies, and appointed Grant to replace him.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In January 1868, Johnson resigned his post, causing him to split between him and Grant.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In May, Congress brought 11 impeachment charges against Johnson, which, however, were rejected in the Senate with a one-vote difference.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Later that same month, Republicans nominated Grant for their presidential nomination as the Democrats nominated his opposing candidate to former New York Governor Horatio Seymour.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In the election, Grant won both the electorate vote (by a vote of 214 to 80) and the popular vote (52% of the vote).


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He rose to become the 18th President of the United States when he was only 46 years old; this made him the youngest president in the country's history to date.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] At Grant's oath of office in 1869, the United States lived through a period known as Reconstruction: efforts were made to restore the Confederate States of America, which had lost the Civil War, back to the Union.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

As president, Grant sought to make the reaccession of the Confederate States of America as peaceful as possible.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He pardoned several senior Confederate officials, but at the same time sought to safeguard the rights of freed blacks in the Confederate States of America.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In 1870, Congress passed the 15th Amendment to the Constitution, which guaranteed all blacks the right to vote throughout the United States.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

The amendment allowed the so-called Black Codes laws to be blocked.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant also passed a number of laws restricting the activities of extremists, including the Ku Klux Klan, which rose to fame.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He also had to rely frequently on the federal armed forces to absorb conflicts between blacks and whites.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

For this reason, some of the public criticized Grant for violating states' rights, some again for taking too lax attitudes towards racist movements.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] In addition to efforts related to Reconstruction, Grant established the United States Department of Justice, the Weather Bureau (now the National Weather Service), and the United States' first national park, Yellowstone National Park.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant also sought, with varying degrees of success, to improve federal relations with Native Americans.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

One of the most notable achievements of the Grant administration was the Treaty of Washington with Great Britain in 1871: the treaty greatly improved the intervals between countries that had previously been very poor.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

One of the failures of Grant's period was an attempt to annex Santo Domingo (now Dominican Republic) to the United States.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Regarding Native Americans, Grant drove a policy of peace during his presidencies.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant sought to Americanize the Indians by helping them build houses on reservations and encouraging them to farming.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

In addition, Grant established the Board of Indian Commissioners, which pursued Native American status.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Among other things, it succeeded in obtaining a new law in the United States that ended the political appointment of Indian agents.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Despite Grant's good intentions, the status of Native Americans continued to deteriorate during his presidency: white settlers with federal support behind them drove the Indians increasingly crowded, and the Indians were unable to farm on the bad lands assigned to them.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Because of this, Native Americans and federal armed forces were often mired in armed conflicts, such as the famous Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[3] In 1872, a group of Republicans who opposed Grant's policies and believed he had been corrupt founded the new Liberal Republican Party.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

The party put together with Democrats to run for the 1872 election against New Yorker Horace Greeley.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant won the electorate election by a vote of 286 to 66 and the popular vote with about 56% support.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

His second term was marred by the economic slump and numerous scandals that rocked the United States.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant did not seek another third term; instead, in 1876, Republican Rutherford Hayes rose to the presidency.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Scandals Grant's periods as president were marred by several scandals and corruption, although Grant himself was not involved in them.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

During his first term, a group of stock market speculators, the most famous of whom were James Fisk and Jay Gould (1836—1892), sought to influence the operation of the Grant administration and thus manipulate the value of gold.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

What followed was the stock market crash known as Black Friday, 24 September 1869.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Although Grant himself was not aware of the speculation, his reputation declined because he knew both Fisk and Gould personally.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Another major scandal occurred in 1875, when a tax scam worth millions was uncovered in the United States.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Distillers and alcohol dealers made millions of dollars when federal authorities helped them evade alcohol taxes.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

One of the conspirators was Grant's personal minister Orville E. Babcock.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Despite this, Grant was acquitted of all charges related to the case.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] During Grant's presidency, it had become a custom for politicians who had reached their posts to reward their supporters by appointing these to other posts.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant sought to prevent this by establishing a Civil Service Commission that worked against corruption, whose purpose was to get people into federal posts based on qualifications rather than political reasons.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, Congress opposed the commission, causing its funding to be discontinued in 1876.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

A solution to the civil service problem was not obtained until 1883, when President Chester Arthur passed the Pendleton Civil Service Act bill.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Later years and death After leaving the White House in 1877, Grant set out with his family to tour the world for two years.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

During this time Grant also visited Finland and visited the Phoenix Hotel in Turku and the Imperial Alexander University in Helsinki as a guest of Rector Topelius.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[4] Grant returned to the United States in 1879, and the following year he was nominated for the Republican presidential nomination.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

James A. Garfield, however, won the race and later rose to US 20.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

for president.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] In 1881, Grant moved to the Upper East Side in New York City, where he invested his savings in a financial firm along with his son.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

However, the other owner of the company defrauded the people who invested in it, and the company drifted into bankruptcy in 1884.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

To guarantee his family's livelihood, Grant decided to take up writing his memoirs.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Later that year, he was diagnosed with throat cancer.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Grant finally completed his memoirs just a few days before his death on July 23, 1885, in the Adirondack Mountains.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

His friend Mark Twain published the memoirs later that year, and they became a huge financial success.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Grant's funeral spending in New York was watched by more than a million people.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

He was buried in Riverside Park in Manhattan, where his wife Julia was also buried in 1902.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

[1] Sources Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) References Elsewhere White House Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

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Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: When was Ulysses S. Grant born?

Ulysses S. Grant

Category:Presidents of the United States Category:Generals of the Northern States of the American Civil War Category:American Republican politicians Category:Those born in 1822 Class:Key articles of screening Category:99.3 Representatives of society


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Hanko's Coastal Patteristo (HanRPSTO) was a force division of the Finnish Defence Forces.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It was established on August 1, 1921 and dissolved on December 31, 2002 [1].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It operated in the area of Hanko and its archipelago.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Its name, strength, armament and area of responsibility changed many times, but the mission was always the same, coastal defense in Hanko and Hankoniemi.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[2] Throughout his time in office, Hanko's Coastal Patteristo was stationed in various factions in one of Finland's main strategic priorities in the same frontline position during peace, war and the Cold War.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In its area of responsibility, it conducted armed control of the Finnish territorial border with heavy and heavy cannons and maritime combat missiles.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It maintained radar— coastal interception— and lookout stations for maritime surveillance.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It trained the reserve to be deployed to its wartime duties and formed a hull for its wartime troops.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[3] Emblems Flag The flag of Hanko Coastal Patteristo is blue on the base.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In its centre there is a yellow five-horned pattern depicting the citadel, the bastion, and in its centre the image of the Russarö lighthouse inherited from the old coat of arms of the city of Hanko.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

At the corners of the flag are yellow cannon tubes inherited from its predecessor fortress artillery on a diagonal cross depicting coastal artillery.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The flag pole is tipped with the lion of the coat of arms of Finland.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The height of the flag is 80 cm and the width is 95 cm.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The flag was first nailed on 30 May 1958 and handed over by President of the Republic Urho Kaleva Kekkonen on 4 June 1958.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The flag was first renewed in 1970 and a second time in 1994.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

When the patteristo was abolished in 2002, the flag was handed over to the tradition association as a heritage ticket.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[1] Pennants Unit pennants are usually carried only by special forces.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Coastal artillery units operated in demanding conditions away from their HQ and from each other.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Therefore, the Russarö fort of Hanko's Coastal Patteriston, Hästö-Busö fort, missile battery and service radiator also have unit pennants.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The pennants were confirmed for service on 25 March 1983, except for the missile battery pennant, which was turned over to service on 1 August 2001 while other pennants, as refurbished, were turned over for use by units.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[1] Troop compartment emblem Hanko Coastal Patteristo has a lighthouse pattern with beacons and under it cannon tubes in diagonal cross.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The troop compartment insignia was most commonly found on shoulder tokens of gun suits.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It has also been used on some valuables and office insignia.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The year of validation of the emblem is unknown.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[1] The colors of Hanko Coastal Patteristo are black and red like other coastal artillery troops.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Black depicts iron and red depicts fire.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The colours of the collar plaque on the gun suit are black tile and red border.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

There was also a time when the Coastal Artillery collar plaque was red and its rim blue, as a distinction from the field artillery, whose collar plaque was also red but edged black.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

However, the colour of the Coastal Artillery collar plaque was changed to conform to the “original” artillery and as a distinction from the field artillery facing the other way, namely black tile and red border.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Deviating from common practice, nevertheless, the seam colors of the trousers remained red.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Similarly, red also remained the insignia platforms of the shirt blouse on shoulder tokens.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Hankoniemi Cross For Meritorious Service in favour of Hankoniemi Coastal Patteristo is the Hankoniemi Cross, the Hankoniemi Cross, which is a symbol of cohesion, issued to soldiers and civilies.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It is a blue silver lined cross with a gold beacon pattern in the centre inside a polygon depicting the fortress and a diagonal cross of cannon tubes remaining beneath them.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Hankoniemi Cross was approved for use on 20 September 1979.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[1] Groups and names When the Defence Forces were established in 1918, the Royal Navy was established in the context of the Navy and, in addition, coastal artillery.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It was not until decades later that coastal artillery was attached to the ground forces.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

First, three coastal artillery battalions were formed.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It soon proved necessary to unify the corps units.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

That's when Hanko's Coastal Patteristok started working.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[4] Establishment by day order number 45 of the Chief of War was established on 1 August 1921 Separate Coastal Parreristo of Turku in the area of Hanko and Turku archipelago.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

This date is considered to be the founding date of the Hanko Coastal Patteristo.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The entire troop detachment was stationed in the islands, which were Russarö, Örö, Utö, and Lypertö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[2] Patteristo's entire staff was initially in Örö and the staff was in Suomenlinna.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Eventually, the HQ was decided to be located in Hanko, although other options were considered.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Due to poor telephone connections, the HQ was still in Örö until 1926 and only then was it moved to Hanko.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Patteristo was renamed Separate Coastal Artillery Patteristo on 25 October 1921.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The troops urgently needed to be moved to their own strongholds.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The men of the Russarö battery marched nearly 50 km along the ice from Örö to Russarö in the winter of 1922.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

After the ice left, radiators were shipped to Uö and Lypertöö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

By June 1922 had all the bastions occupied.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[4] The separate Coastal Artillery Battery received its conscripts mostly from the Hankoniemi region and was bilingual.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The name was changed in 1932 and the new 1.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Separate Coastal Artillery Battery, 1.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Avdelta Kustartillerisektionen was purely Swedish.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The recruitment area and grouping remained the same.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[5] Time of World War II Before the start of the Winter War there had been intergovernmental negotiations, where the essential issue was the lease of Hanko and the nearby islands to the Soviet Union as a naval base.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

At the last stage, the negotiators were able to make demands so that the Soviet Union would have settled for the mere island of Russarö [6].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In another source, the “tingitty” offer of the final stage of the negotiations, which stressed that it was not a transfer, but an exchange or purchase, encompassed Hanko as an alternative to the islands of Tammisaari: Hermansö, Koö, Hästö, Busö, Långskär, Furuskär, Ekko and some other islands.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The source does not list Hästö-Busö, which is quite a different island than Hästö or Busö, which are also in the region [10].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Coastal artillery troops were also invited to additional refresher exercises and they settled into the wartime organization.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In this context 1.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The separate Coastal Artillery Patteristo was divided into two:Turku Lohko and Hankon Lohko.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Örö belonged to the Turku Lohko.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Hanko Lohko included Russarö, Hästö-Busö and Jussarö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Fortress works in Hästö-Busö were still carried out during the war.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Hanko Block also included other troops.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The strength of the group was 196 officers and crews and sub-officers at the start of the war 849 [6].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

After the Winter War, peace in Moscow was concluded and accordingly Hanko was leased to the Soviet Union as a naval base and Russarö's strong cannons were evacuated [11].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The grouping was changed so that Hankon Lohko was divided into lower blocks of Hankoniemi, Bromarvi and Prästkulla.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The western boundary of the area of responsibility was moved to Hanko's western back.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

On 1 September 1940 the Navy switched to regimental organization and Hanko Lohko became Coastal Artillery Regiment 4 and further on 1 March 1941 the Raseborg Coastal Artillery Regiment, which in turn was part of the Hanko Group.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Rasebori Coastal Artillery Regiment comprised three bastions with staffs at Jomalvik, Bromarv and Hittis.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The regiment thus gained the familiar Örö fort as well.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[7] On the night of 2 and 3 December 1941, Soviet troops secretly left Hanko as it froze behind difficult supply links.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Finns took control of the heavily mined Hanko on 4 December 1941.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Hiittinen block was detached from the Hanko group and the other blocks formed the stronghold of the Hanko Group in the winter of 1942.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Its headquarters were in Russarö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The name changed again on 20 April 1942 when the Hanko Group was disbanded and the Hanko Fortress was established.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Two new bastions were added to the fort on 17 May 1942 and the area of responsibility shifted to Porkkalanniemi in the east.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Renamed Coastal Artillery Regiment 11.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The main bastions were Russarö, Hästö-Busö and Mäkiluoto.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Post-war period With the coming of Peace, the organisation was changed and on 28 November 1944 the new name became the Hanko Coastal Artillery Regiment.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

On 30 November 1944, it was attached to the Archipelago Sea Coastal Brigade.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

On 4 December 1944 it was renamed Turku Coast Artillery Regiment II Fortress.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It included the HQ, Russarö fort and Åkerholma fort.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

From the beginning of 1945, instead of Åkerholm, Hästö-Busö was assigned as a training fort and a guard post was established at Morgonlandet.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In March 1945, the bastions of Örö and Bogaskär were annexed to the II Fortress, and a guard fort was established in Bengtskär.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The robust cannons in the Russarö Evaco were mounted back.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

II Fortress had now grown in importance because the eastern part of the Gulf of Finland coast of the Soviet Porkkala Base had been stripped of heavy and robust cannons at the insistence of the Control Commission, and II Fortress was the western neighbour of Porkkala Base.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[8] The organization was changed again on December 1, 1952.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Turku Coastal Artillery Regiment became Coastal Artillery Regiment 2.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It was detached from its II Fortress, which became 2.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Separate Coastal Pattern.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It now included Örö, Russarö, Hästö-Busö and Jussarö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[9] In 1956, the entire naval coastal artillery was upgraded to land forces.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

A separate Coastal Artillery Patteristo received the name Hankon Coastal Patteristo.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

At the same time, traditional red-black collar tiles were abandoned and the red collar tile for artillery was introduced, however with a blue border.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Örö Barracks was renovated in 1958.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Russarö Barracks was renovated in 1961.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

A new Asikuntapatter barracks were built in Hanko on Korkeavuorenkatteri.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Hankoese seafarers have traditionally given houses names such as Java, Sumatra, Corsica and there is also a farm called Bangladesh.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The new building on Korkeavuorenkatu also received an unofficial but long-preserved name, Mau-Mau, after the African Sisio organization.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[9] Abolition The rationalisation formulated by the Finnish Defence Forces also applied to the Hanko Coast Battery and was reincorporated into the Sea Defence Area of the Gulf of Finland on 1 July 1998 to its original roots.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

For austerity reasons, several buildings were abandoned and staff were reduced.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Conscript age classes became smaller and the need for training places decreased.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Several wars fought around the world showed the potential for use of fixed coastal artillery to little and the need for heavy bastions exhausted.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Hanko's Coastal Patteristo was dissolved on 31 December 2002


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[1] Some coastal defence tasks with still modern and usable equipment parts are continued by the Suomenlinna Coastal Regiment of the Finnish Naval Forces and also regularly trains in the area of the former Hanko Coast Patteristo [12].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Commanders Capt Otto Nylund (1 August 1921—17 November 1923) Ev Jarl Christian Olin (17 November 1923 — 13 March 1940) Maj Hille Aarva (1 January 1942—7 April 1942) Evl Jarl Wickström (7 April 1942—20 May 1942) Evl Norman Simonen (20 May 1942—1 December 1944) Ev Niilo Kesämaa (1 December 1944—4 October 1946) Ev Niilo Kesämaa (1 December 1944—4 October 1946) Niilo Heiro (4 October 1946— 22 April 1950) Evl Reino Aaltonen (22 April 1950—25 November 1953) Evl Mauno Loikkanen (25 November 1953—15 July 1958) Evl Aake Merilä (15 July 1958—22 February 1961) Evl Paavo Heikkilä (22 February 1961—30 November 1963) Evl Aarre Kurki (30 November 1963—12 August 1966) Evl Esko Havo (13 August 1963) 6—6 June 1968) Evl Aarni Kajaani (6 June 1968— 21 August 1970) Evl Pentti Silvast (21 August 1970—6 October 1971) Evl Olavi Aspinjaakko (5 November 1971 to 19 March 1976) Evl Olavi Vehmas (19 March 1976—17 February 1978) Evl Torsti Lahti (17 February 1978 to 31 December 1980) Evl Timo Sario (1 January 1981 to 31 January 1984) Evl Asko Kilpinen (1 February 1978) 4—30 September 1986) Evl Heikki Rinne (1 October 1986— 10 May 1992) Evl Jouko Ovaska (11 May 1992 — 30 September 1993) Evl Stig-Göran Grönberg (1 October 1993 to 30 June 1998) Maj Sakari Kinnarinen (1 July 1998 to 31 December 1998) Kom Kari Mäkinen (1 January 1999 to 30 November 2000) Komkapt Jarmo Valtimo (1 December 2000 — 1 August 2001) Kom Kaunko Isto (2 August 2001 to 31 December 2002) (Sources: [13] [1 ]) Arming the history of the “Emperor's Legacy” The Russian Empire built the world's strongest sea-fortress system, Peter the Great Sea Fortress, in the early 20th century as a shelter in St. Petersburg.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It stretched from Kronstadt along both shores of the Gulf of Finland to Åland and the Estonian islands as a multiple system of fixed fortifications.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The westernmost part of it is the Outer Outpost and the Turun-Åland Islands Archipelago Station, which later became Hanko's Coastal Patteristo.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[14] The outer outpost closed the mouth of the Gulf of Finland with a sea mine between Örö and Tahkunanniemi, Hiiumaa.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The robust 356 mm Obukhov-Vickers (14-inch) guns were to protect the sea mine and complete the cutoff.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

However, their delivery was delayed and they were replaced by robust (12-inch) 305 mm Obukhov cannons, four of which were stationed at Öröö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In addition to them, Örö received four heavy (6-inch) 152 mm Canet guns.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The firepower of the outer outpost was to be reinforced by the strong 356 mm batteries at Russarö and Naissaari.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Construction work on them commenced in 1912, but after the guns were delayed, robust (9-inch) 234 mm Bethlehem guns were fitted as “training guns”.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[14] The archipelago of Turun-Åland included e.g.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Utö and Lypertö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Their fortification work was carried out in 1915.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The use of Uö's sea areas as a support area for light fleet and submarines was desired to be prevented and Uö was equipped with two four-gun 152 mm heavy batteries and the nearby Enskär with two 152 mm heavy sea howitzers.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Lyperö fort off Uusikaupunki was to prevent the use of sea areas from the northern direction of Åland.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It was fitted with two heavy four-gun radiators, one 152 mm and the other 120 mm.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[14] When Finland gained independence, half the part of the Finnish coast was inherited from this chain of fortifications with weapons.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

While leaving the forts, Russian Empire soldiers destroyed and damaged the armament much, but some remained in place in good condition.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The stock was new and the best the industry of that time could manufacture.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[5] Hanko Treaty When the German Baltic Division came ashore in Hanko 1918, Russian naval detachments wintering in Finland sent a delegation to Hanko to agree with the Germans to opt out of the events of the Finnish Civil War and hope that the German division would leave untouched in Finnish ports wintered their warships.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

This is how it was agreed and a hand was slammed on the issue.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

There is hardly a proper documentary on this matter other than the power of attorney, which the Russian sent immediately hastily took to the ships involved.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

If this had not been done, Finland would have received galore warships to establish a decent fleet, and no coastal artillery would have even been established.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[15] [16] Artillery at various times 4 pieces of 305/52 O strong coastal guns.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

(in Örö) Manufacturer: Obukhov Steel Plant Russia.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Maximum shooting distance of 36 km.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In the early 1930s, the alignment and charging machinery of the cannons was electrified and the concrete stations were improved.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The two guns were moved in the 1930s to Ristiniemi in Vyborg Bay.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[5] 6 pieces of 234/50 Be strong coastal guns.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

(Russarö) Manufacturer: Bethlehem Steel Co.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The U.S.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The cannons were originally ordered by the Chilean government, but it did not redeem them.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Russia bought them and invested in its new sea fortress.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

On leaving in 1918, Russian Empire soldiers took away the cannon shut-off equipment as they went, but new sealing equipment could be purchased from Bethlehem Steel Co. in the United States.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[14] The guns were fitted with electric alignment from 1935 onwards and were improved anyway, so their range improved from the original 18 km to over 25 km [5], as seen at the Battle of Russarö [6].


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

For the period of peace in Moscow, the cannons were evacuated and, after the Continuation War ignited, three of them were mounted back.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The remaining three were installed in 1945.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

All six guns were in Russarö until 1983, when four of them were scrapped and two guns, a spare tube and a spare cradle were museumed on Russarö Island to their original locations.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

16 pcs of 152/45 C heavy shore guns.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Heavy cannon were designed by the French Gustave CANET (1846 - 1913) and manufactured both in France and under licence at various machine shops in Russia.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In Finland, Tampella factories made new tubes for them in the 1950s, when the length caliber became 50, 152/50 T. When starting in the 1930s the cannons were improved by turning the spring feeder and the liquid loader over the tube, the firing range was improved to 20 km.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The charging system was improved so that the cannon did not need to be reversed to the charge rate when loaded, and the rate of fire was obtained higher.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[5] These guns had a hundred pieces and became the main weapon of coastal artillery after the strong guns became old fashioned.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

They were used until the 1990s.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

2 pcs of 152 mm sea howitzers.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

4 pcs of 120 mm guns.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Numerous light cannons.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

This was the case in 1921 when Turku Separate Coastal Patteristo began operations.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Until the war, the situation remained about the same.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

As the wartime grouping changed depending on the situation, the forts, and the weapons with them changed several times.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

New bastions were also fortified, e.g.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Hästö-Busö, which was fortified just as the war began and lasted and was equipped with four heavy Canet's.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[6] After the Winter War, the pitchfork had to be cleared.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Armament was also evacuated from the strongholds of Russarö and Hästö-Busö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The only result of haggling peace terms was an extension of the evacuation period from three days to ten days.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

At first, no one believed the evacuation of the Bethlehem in Russarö, but by assembling all possible resources, they were finally brought to Turku.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The performance is considerable when it is known that the pipe of the cannon alone weighs 30 tonnes, the frost was 25 degrees, the sea had a thickness of more than a metre and the Russarö pier had been bombed apart.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[17] When the new boundaries of the Hanko lease area began to be controlled in the new organisation, the total number of main arms, batteries and heavy batteries was six and nine for light batteries.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[7] When the Continuation War began and Hanko was occupied on 4 December 1941, Russarö's 9 inches were also installed in place.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The first kome arrived at Russarö wharf on the steamer Tervsund on Christmas Eve 1941.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

By August 1942, they were in firing condition.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The remaining three guns were installed in place after the end of the war in 1945.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[8] 3 pieces of 305/52 ORAUT solid iron inserts.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Manufacturer: Obukhov Steel Plant Russia.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The cannon is basically the same as a coastal cannon, but when mounted on a railway platform.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

For firing it was to have a concrete cannon rail yard for which the cannon was hydraulically lifted from the railway platform.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

After the Soviet Union withdrew its troops from Hanko's leased area, it left three solid iron installations on the artillery track it had built at Täktom, which it had brought there by rail during Moscow peacetime.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The cannons were badly broken, but were repaired as the war wore on.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The first test shots were fired in February 1943 and the last cannon was restored in July 1943.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

In these test shootings, the Finnish artillery length record of 51 km was fired with an increase of 50 degrees.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The record still stands.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

After the war, the cannons were handed over to the Soviet Union.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[18] MTO-66 Marine Anti-Missile Battery.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The battery itself was manufactured in Finland and the missile was manufactured in the Soviet Union.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Range approx.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

45 km.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Weight 2 tons, of which explosive 500 kg.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Fuel kerosene and starting rocket gunpowder.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Speed 0.9 mach.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Independent radar searchhead.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

As the strong guns became old-fashioned and, on the other hand, as the interpretation of the Paris Peace Agreement changed and enabled the use of missile armament, missile boats and their missiles were acquired from the Soviet Union.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The Hanko Coastal Patteristo began constructing land-firing missile lavettes for firing these missiles.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Development work was carried out on the Hästö-Busö fort in a fenced secret area for it.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The entire staff involved in the matter were paid, not conscripted, and were not allowed to speak to anyone.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

That's why they were called “black-bearded men,” according to the pachinist Olli's corresponding quixotic pakina figure.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The first missile was fired in 1968 at a target off Russarö.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The missile was hit and the paint was destroyed, but so was the lavette destroyed.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Several different lavet designs were tried and eventually a workable solution was found.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

It was a rubber-wheeled towed model.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

There were two batteries and were in service until 1991 when was their last maneuver.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Missiles were museumed in 1995.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

One lavet experiment, a Comet tank built on top, is also museumed in Kuivasaari.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[19] [20] MTO-85 Marine Anti-Missile Battery


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Manufacturer: Swedish company Saab Bofors Dynamics.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Range approx.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

100 km.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Weight 800 kg, of which explosive 200 kg.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Standalone GPS and radar search head.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Starting platforms built on top of an all-terrain truck.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

The missile fleet began to be renewed and modernized in the late 1980s and the battery was commissioned in 1991.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

[19] [20] 12 pcs 100 TK tower cannons.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Manufacturer: Russian Bolshevik (formerly Obukhov).


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

As a replacement for the light, ageing guns and to protect the bastions, held areas and avenues, a rock mined stock fortress was designed, in which the rather little-modified T-55 tank turret and its 100 mm cannon were placed.


Question: Why was Hanko's Coastal Patteristo abolished in 2002?

Hanko Coastal Patteristo

Patteriston, and Finland's first four-gun battery was completed in the early 1970s at the top of Tulliniemi.