Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

This all came to be called the Joker effect, which was essentially a youth movement, but the charm struck again even on older supporters whose zeal had diminished slightly in the difficult 1980s years.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[60] Nowadays, the largest fan organization of the Jokers is called Etelähäty ry.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The Old Chiefs, meanwhile, are an association for the club's older supporters.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In addition, a supporter group called Ultras Jokerit was in operation between 2004 and 2010, which occasionally received negative publicity.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[61] [62] According to the stereotypical perception, the supporters of the Jokers live in Eastern Helsinki and Vantaa.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Although the old demarcation lines still hold true to some extent, the mutual support of Helsinki hockey teams in the metropolitan area today is fairly steady.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

For example, the myth was broken by the Helsingin Sanomat survey in February


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

According to it, in the city of Helsinki, Jokerie's seasonal pass rate was only two dozen lower than HIFK, while in East Helsinki, IFK supporters were almost half.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

According to Mika Wickström, Finnish society has changed, and folk strata intermingled strongly.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[46] In 2012, Jokerie supporters founded a football team called Jokerit FC, which has played in the Finnish sub-leagues.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[63] Fans also have their own floorball team called Jokerit Salibandy, which participates in the Finnish Floorball Federation series.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[64] Popularity According to a 2014 study, 115000 Jokerit consumers live in the metropolitan area.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In June 2013, the Jokers had plenty of 60000 Facebook likes, over 7000 Twitter followers and nearly 3000 YouTube channel subscribers.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[65] In the 2013—14 SM-liiga season, the audience average for Jokerie's home matches was 9,252 spectators, compared to the league average of 4,974.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The Jokers meanwhile averaged the ninth highest in Europe including KHL teams.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[66] In his first KHL season, 2014—15, the average increased.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Jokerit garnered an average of 10,932 viewers per match, which was the second most in the KHL and seventh most in Europe.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[67] Since the 2016—17 season, the Jokers had had the highest audience average in the Nordic countries for three seasons in a row.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[68] During the 2017—2018 regular season, Jokerie's home games averaged 10,415 spectators, which was still the most in the Nordic countries as well as the third most in the KHL after SKA Saint Petersburg and Dinamo Minsk.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In the overall European comparison, Jokerit was sixth.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[69] In April 2014, Radio City organised a poll to determine the most hated and loved sports club in Finland with 1,699 male respondents.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Jokerit won the title of most hated club by far, as it garnered three times as many votes as second-placed HIFK.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

On the list of the most loved club, Jokerit finished fourth behind Kärppien, HIFK and Tappara.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[70] In addition, in August 2006, Jokerit had achieved the title of the most disliked SM-liiga club in a poll organised by Iltalehti, which was answered by 2,500 people.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The victory was overwhelming, with the Jokers polling nearly four respondents out of ten, with second-placed HIFK garnering just over 14% of the vote.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[71] In 2017, Jokerit was identified as the third most famous sports brand in Finland after the Finnish national ice hockey team and Kimi Räikkönen.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[72] Style of play as a gameplay trademark of the Jokers has been considered to be the skill spinner.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[73] Head coach Matti Lampainen brought it to the Jokers in the early 1970s and the club held on to it firmly over the years.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Sheep were not fascinated by heavy and bulky physical players; they were allowed to be no matter how small as long as they possessed sufficient skill.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

An example of this is Jokerie's famous “teddy gun chain”: Timo Turunen (164 cents), Pentti Hiiros (172 cents) and Timo Kytelolä (171 cents).


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[74] The team skated a lot, pitched accurately and quickly, and played honed patterns.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The Helsinki public was offered a clear alternative alongside HIFK's physical playing style.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[75] Aimo Mäkinen also appealed for spectacular hockey: Lampainen's successor, Rauli Virtanen, tried later in the 1970s to transform the Jokers into a physical team.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

However, this failed, as was the case with Matti Vääänen at the end of the decade.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Virtanen should have changed all the players, and even Väänsen's team couldn't find enough physical crew.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The Jokers had no desire to change a proven system.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[74] However, this has been said to have caused the fact that it was not until the 1990s that Jokerit no longer lost in force and tackle play to any SM-liiga team.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[8] Seppo Aalto said in his 1992 book “Jokerit on Slippery Ice” that “Jokerit is a well-known skill-playing team that does not fight and ice in vain”.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[76] Kotihalli Jokerie's home hall from 1967 until 1997 was the Helsinki Ice Rink located in Nordenskiöldinkatu, Taka-Töölö.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[77] In 1997, Helsingin Jokerit moved to its current home hall, Hartwall Arena, located in Keski-Pasila.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[77] In September 2017, the capacity of the arena was 12946 spectators.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[78] For the Jokers' first KHL season, the name of Hartwall Arena was changed to Hartwall Arena.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The hall's sound system was also overhauled, the vertical posts on the rink plexes were replaced with new ones, with separately controlled led lights, and the arena-circling led panels familiar from the NHL were installed inside the arena.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[79] In addition to the ice, there was a large Joker logo on the centre circle, which was changed to be even bigger for the next season.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[80] Organization and Finance Jokerit consists administratively of two separate organizations.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The representative team is managed by Jokerit HC Oy and the junior teams are managed by Helsingin Jokerit ry.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Both organizations have their own boards and boards of directors.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[81] Jokerie's representative team has been active since 1988, when Jokeri-Hockey Oy bought the club from Jokeriklubin Tuki ry.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The purchase was prompted by financial difficulties and the club's relegation from SM-liiga to I-division.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

At the same time, Jokers became Finland's first joint-stock hockey club.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[82] [83] Today, the background organisation of the Jokerie representative team is Jokerit Hockey Club Ltd, which was founded in spring 2013.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[84] As of October 2013, 49% of Jokerit Hockey Club Oy's shares have belonged to Arena Events Oy, which also owns the club's home arena.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The company's principal owner and chairman is businessman Harry Harkimo.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[85] [86] Arena Events Ltd is a Russian-owned entertainment company that organizes music and entertainment events.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Arena Events Ltd acquired Jokerie's home arena in June 2013 and in connection with the transaction, Arena Events was granted a purchase option for the shares of Jokerit Hockey Club Ltd.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Arena Events exercised their right of refusal in October of the same year.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[87] [88] Prior to the current ownership relationship, the ownership of Jokerie and its home arena was held between 2011 and 2013 by Helsinki-Halli Oy.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[89] In recent years, the Jokerit Group's earnings have been loss-making.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Before the merger of Jokerie into Helsinki-Halli Oy, the result of Helsinki-Hall was victorious.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The hockey club itself made a total loss of over €10 million between 2000 and 2014.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[84] [89] [90] [91] For the first three seasons in the KHL, the Jokers accrued a loss of over EUR 40 million, offset by the club's minority owners.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[92] In the financial year 2017, the club's turnover decreased markedly and was lower than that of some SM-liiga clubs.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[93] Economic key figures for 2013-2017Financial period turnover 201318 €409,000 to €40,000 20146,889,000 €20146,889,000 €201511,597,000 €2016€10,224,000 to €15,384,000 2017 [94] €7,669,000 to €14,867,000 2013: Helsinki Halli Oy (merged) [95] 2014—: Jokerit Hockey Club Oy [96] Logos Logos The original and currently used logo of Jokerie was designed by Jorma Hinkka, a graduate of Ateneum and who worked at the Yleisradio illustration company.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Raimo Kähkönen, an active member of Töölön Vesa, had received a recommendation from his spouse who worked at Yleisradio.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Kähkönen gave Hinka a bundle of different wild cards, based on which he had to make his own version.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

As a reward, Hinkka received free tickets to the Jokers' home matches.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

However, they went unused, as Hinkka had no interest in hockey.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[97] In 1983, a new logo was introduced, with the traditional emblem of the Jokers emblazoned with Canadian type momentum lines.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The club, led by Tapani Korpela, sought to make a difference with it to former Aimo Mäkinen Jokers.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

A name change was also planned.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[98] The logo was in use until 1988 when a return to the original emblem.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[99] In 1997, The Hockey News selected the Jokers' logo as the best club symbol in the world.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[100] The logo used by the Jokers since 2014.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The logo used by the Jokers in 1967—1983, 1988—1998 and earlier in the 2000s.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The logo, which was in use between 1998 and 2000.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Jokers' jerseys have been predominantly blue, white or red.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In the 1990s, the team wore a combination of green, lilac and white colors, as well as silver helmets.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[101] In October 2012, Jokerit played in his 45th anniversary match against Ilve wearing a red-yellow jersey.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The inspiration for it was provided by fans who had brought red yellow to display in all its activities.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The shirt, designed by club cinematographer Matti Korve, was originally only used in this match.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[101] With numerous supporters' requests and feedback received, Jokerit adopted the red-yellow outfit as a game three outfit for the 2013—14 season.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The team used it for their Saturday and Sunday home matches.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[102] In addition, it was used in an away match against TPS in honour of the biggest fan haul of the season.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[103] In the 2014 Winter Classic, Jokerit honored his predecessor Töölön Vesa by playing in green shirts reminiscent of its outfit.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In addition to the Joker logo on the front, Vesa logos had been added to both shoulders.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Jokerit once appeared in the first match in their history specifically in Vesa's old jerseys, as the new outfits had not yet been completed.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[104] Music In home matches after every goal scored by the Jokers, a snippet of the song “Gonna Fly Now” performed by The Rocky Orchestra is played.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Occasionally alternate versions of the same song have been used as the paint song, but nowadays (2017) a performance by The Rocky Orchestra is once again used.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Additionally, in the 2003—04 season, the song “Never Gonna Stop” by Rob Zombie served as the Jokers' goal song for the first few games, but due to fan protest, “Gonna Fly Now” was restored to the replacement.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[105] [106] One of the club's theme songs is Problems? “Song of the Street Boys” performed by the band, which at the end of the 1980s was played before installments began.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[105] A kind of theme song has also risen to the status of R.L.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Burnside's “It's Bad You Know”, which has been played before installments began since the early 2000s.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[106] Official songs include the song “Jokerit!” recorded by Freud Marx Engels & Jung in 1991.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[106] In 2014, Finnish rappers Gracias and Noah Kin made the official theme song “I Am” for the Jokers' KHL season.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

A music video was also filmed featuring Joker players and other spirits belonging to the club's activities.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[107] Players and Coaches Team for the 2018—2019 season (Situation as of December 24, 2018) [108] Goalkeepers #PelaajaPituusPainoHanskakäsiSopimusSyntymäpaikka1Juho Ratilainen18173L2019Liperi, Suomi30Ryan Zapolski18393L2020Erie, PA, USA38Eetu Mäkiniemi18980L2019Vantaa, Suomi98Jānis Kalniņš18287L2020+1Limbazi, Latvia Defenders #PelaajaPituusPainoKätisyysSopimusSyntymäpaikka3Karl Stollery18082L2019Camrose, Alberta, Canada4Tommi Kivistö 18891L2020Vantaa, Finland7Oliver Lauridsen197108L20Gentofte, Denmark18Sami Lepistö (A) 18589L2019Espoo, Finland44Jesper Jensen Aabo18385L2019Rødovre, Tanspo44Jesper Jensen Aabo18385L2019Rødovre, Tanskow ka50Viktor Löööv19198L2020+ 1Södertälje, Sweden51Alex Grant19195R2020+1Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada52Eetu Torpström18584R2019+1Kuopio, Suomi53Nico Lawn18484L2019Espoo, Finland56 Santeri Hatakka18479L2019Riihimäki, Suomi63 Roope Reini17981L2019Raisio, Suomi77Eemeli Räsänen20095R2020Joensuu, Finland Attackers #PelaajaPituusPainoKätisyysPaikkaSopimusSyntymäpaikka6Jesse Joensuu (A) 19397LVLH2020pori, Finland11Steve Moses17579RolH2020Leominster, MA, USA12Marko Anttila203104rolh2021lemPäälä, Finland14Tomi Mäki18187LKH/LH2019Helsinki, Finland16Geoff Platt1768LVLVLVLVLVLHLVLHLVLH/LH2019Helsinki /KH2019Mississauga, IS, Canada21Brian O'Neill (A) 17578rkh/olh2021Yardley, PA, United States22Mika Niemi18687lkh2019+1pori, Finland25Pekka Jormakka17484rolh2019Jyväskylä mlk, Finland,37John Norman18083LKH2020Stockholm, Sweden41Antti Pihlströskylä mlk m18082lvlh/OLH2021Vantaa, Suomi48Henri ikonen18387lvlh/kh2021Savonlinna, Suomi54Erik Embrich18485lkh/vlh2019Helsinki, Finland64Viliam Čacho18382lkh2019+1Trencin, Slovakia65Sakari Manninen178lkh/vlh2019oulu, Finland71Nicklas Jensen19198LOLH/VLH2019herning, Denmark72 Aleksi Halme18485lkh/VLH2019herning, Denmark72 Aleksi Halme18485LKH/VLH2019herning LVLH2019Tampere, Suomi76Kristian Vesalainen19294LVLH/OLH2019Helsinki, Finland81 Joona Monto18585LKH2019Hyvinkää, Suomi84Max Wärn18894llh2019Helsinki, Suomi93Peter Regin (C) 18790LKH2020herning, Denmark Team management Sports management General manager: Jari Kurri Player coordinator: Janne Vuorinen [109] Coaching management Head coach: Lauri Marjamäki Coach: Raimo Helminen Coach: Mika Saarinen Goalkeeper coach and team manager: Markus Ketterer Video coach and statistics: Janne Hietaniemi [110] Physics coaching and maintenance Physics coach and physiotherapist: Hero Mali Equipment manager: Esa Maunula Customers: Antti Nuortila, Tuukka Hurskainen Masseur: Niko Toivonen Physiotherapist: Kai Turkulainen Doctors: Peter Åström, Mathias Bäck, Aleksi Kallioniemi Logistics Director: Vesa Vilkkula [111] Captains 1967—1969: Osmo Kuusisto 1969—1971: Erkki Mononen 1971—1976: Timo Turunen 1976—1977: Pentti Hiiros 1977—1978: Pentti Hiiros, Timo Turunen, Ari Mäkinen 1978—1979: Jari Kapanen 1979—1980: Jari Kapanen, Henry Leppä 1980—1981: Henry Leppä 1981—1982: Jussi Lepistö 1982—1984: Risto Kerminen 1984—1985: Markus Lehto 5—1986: Jari Lindroos 1986—1987: Jari Lindroos, Jussi Lepistö 1987—1989: Jarmo Koskinen 1989—1991: Anssi Melametsä 1991—1999: Waltteri Immonen 1999—2000: Antti-Jussi Niemi 2001—2002: Ville Peltonen 2002: Antti Törmänen 2002—03: Ville Peltonen 2003—2004: Sami Helenius 2004— 2005: Juha Lind 2005: Petri Varis 2005: Marko Jantunen 2006—2009: Petri Varis 2009—2010: Antti-Jussi Niemi 2010—2014: Ossi Vääänen 2014-2016: Niko Kapanen 2016-: Peter Regin [112] Head coaches 1967—1968: Jorma Salmi 1968—1969: Martti Sarlin, Jorma Kytelolä 1969—1970: Aulis Hirvonen 1970—1973: Matti Lampainen 1973—1974: Rauli Virtanen, Matti Lampainen 1974—1976: Boris Maiorov 1976—1977: Jorma Borgström 1977—1978: Jorma Borgström, Pentti Katainen, Timo Turunen 1978—1980: Matti Father 1980—1982: Olli J. Hietanen 1982—1985: Reino Ruotsalainen 1985—1987: Matti Väisänen 1987—1988: Henry Leppä 1988—1990: Kari Mäkinen 1990—1991: Kari Mäkinen, Boris Maiorov 1991—1993: Boris Maiorov 1993—1994: Alpo Suhonen, Leo Äikas, Hannu Aravirta 1994—1996: Hannu Aravirta 1996—1997: Curt Lundmark 1997—98: Sakari Pietilä, Curt Lundmark, Hannu Kapanen 1998—1999: Hannu Kapanen, Leo Äiikä, Timo Lahtinen 1999—2001: Erkka Westerlund 2001—2003: Raimo Summanen 2003—2005: Hannu Jortikka 2005—06: Waltteri Immonen, Curt Lindström 2006—2008: Doug Shedden 2008—09: Glen Hanlon 2009—2010: Hannu Aravirta, Hannu Jortikka 2010—2011: Hannu Jortikka, Erkka Westerlund 2011—2012: Erkka Westerlund 2012—2013: Tomi Lämsä 2013—2014: Tomi Lämsä, Tomek Valtonen 2014—2016: Erkka Westerlund 2016—2018: Jukka Jalonen 2018—: Lauri Äki [113] Frozen Game Numbers 5 Esa Tikkanen.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Tikkanen's number freeze has drawn heavy criticism that Tikkanen did not play for the Jokerie representative team beyond the end of his less than a season NHL career, 1999—2000.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[114] Furthermore, he played that season at number 5 only until Christmas, for the rest of the season he carried number 10 on his back.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[115] Tikkanen served as the club's “mascot” in his younger years by shooting pucks at goal during batch breaks of home matches.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[116] Although Tikkanen played as a junior for Jokers, [115] he also represented HIFK in juniors, and also played for the same club for four seasons of SM-liiga.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[114] Tikkanen was in the ranks of HIFK winning the Finnish championship in the 1982—83 season, when Jokerit lost the finals series with match wins 2—3.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[117] However, Tikkanen is listed as a breeder of the Jokers.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[118] The background of Esa Tikkanen's shirt freezing is detailed in the work 45 Jokers from the deck published in 2012.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In the book, Tikkanen tells how he had been like a son of his own to the childless Aimo Mäinen.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Mäkinen had once hoped that Tikkanen's mascot shirt number 5 would be raised to the ceiling of the Helsinki ice rink.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In September 2001, Harry Harkimo and Matti Virmanen partially granted the wish.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[115] The number was frozen on September 13, 2001, prior to a regular season match against Ilve.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[119] 15 Henry Leppä transferred to the Jokers for the 1969—1970 season and spent a total of eleven years with the club.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Alder is the third best point man of all time for the Jokers, as well as the third most effective scorer.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

At the end of his career, during the 1979—1981 seasons, Leppä also served as captain of the Jokers.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Alder's playing number was frozen in a match against the Pelicans on March 5, 2014.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[120] 17 Jari Kurri joined the Toronto Maple Leafs of the Jokerien Kanada series Vuosaari at the age of 9, and won the Finnish Championship in Jokers D and C in the 1970s.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

On the representative team, he played puck in 1977—1980 as well as 1994—95.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[121] Kurri did not represent clubs other than Jokers in Finland.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[122] His famous playing number 17 was frozen in the Jokers' 40th anniversary match against Lock on October 27, 2007.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Admittedly, in the jokers, Kurri never played at number 17, but at Nos. 11 and 71.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[123] 17 Timo Turunen was the face of the club in the early years of the Jokers and the manifestation of skill hockey.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

He represented only the Jokers at the Finnish main league level.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

In the 263 matches he played, he scored 317 power points, and was team captain for the years 1971—1976 as well as part of the 1977—1978 season.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Turunen's game number was frozen simultaneously with Henry Lepä's number on 5 March 2014.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[120] 23 Petri Varis is the top name on the Jokers' all-time point exchange with power points 200+220=420.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Varis played for the Jokers in 12 seasons and won three Finnish championships.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

As captain of the Jokers, Crow served for the 2005—09 seasons.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[124] Jokerit froze the Crows number on December 13, 2013, prior to their match against TPS.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[119] 24 Waltteri Immonen captained the Jokers for almost the entire 1990s.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[125] He played a total of 452 SM-liiga regular season games for the team.


Question: when was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[126] The jokerie bred did not represent any other teams at club level.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[127] Immose's number was frozen immediately after his career ended, on August 31, 1999.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

It was a party match in which Jokerit faced the Finnish national team.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

It was at the same time the first frozen number of the Jokers.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[119] 91 Otakar Janecký is the foreigner who scored the most points ever in SM-liiga history [128] and the second most powerful player in the history of the Jokerie, right after Petri Crows.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[129] Janecký played a total of eight seasons in the Jokers and won four Finnish championships during that time.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[130] Janecký's number was frozen on November 7, 2004, before the TPS match.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[119] So far unfrozen but decommissioned game numbers 8 Teemu Selänne played for the Jokers at the main league level from 1987 to 1992 and during the 1995 NHL lockout.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Seläntee was also under contract at the Jokers during the 2004—05 lockout, but he did not play a match at the time.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Selänne is considered one of the greatest Joker growers of all time and the game number 8 he wore on the Jokers has not been used by any other player since Seläntee left for the NHL in 1992.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[131] [132] Awarded Aarne Honkavaara Award — top scorer of regular season [133] 1991—1992: Teemu Selänne 1996—97: Petri Varis 1998—99: Pasi Saarela 2006—07: Jani Rita 2009—2010: Jukka Hentunen 2010—2011: Janne Lahti Jari Kurri Award — Best of playoffs player [134] 1993—1994: Ari Sulander 1995—1996: Petri Varis 1996—1997: Otakar Janecký 2001—2002: Kari Lehtonen Jarmo Wasama Award — Best Newcomer [135] 1993—1994: Juha Lind 2010—2011: Teemu Pulkkinen 2011—2012: Teuvo Teräväinen Kalevi Numminen Award — Best Coach [136] 1982—1983: Reino Ruotsalainen 2001—02: Raimo Summanen Lasse Oksanen Award — Best Player of the Regular Season [137] 2004—05: Tim Thomas 2007—2008: Ville Leino 2008—2009: Juuso Riksman Matti Keinonen Award — Power Player [138] 1983—1984: Arto Sirviö 1991—92: Waltteri Immonen 1992—93: Erik Hämäläinen 1995—96: Petri Varis 2006—2007: Martti Järventie Pekka Rautakallio Award — Best Defender [139] 1982—1983: Nikolai Makarov 1992—93: Erik Hämäläinen 1995—96: Mika Strömberg 2001—2002: Tom Koivisto Raimo Kilpiö Award — Gentleman Player [140] 1974—1975: Jari Kapanen 1990—1991: Teemu Selänne 1991—1992: Keijo Päänoja 1995—96: Waltteri Immonen 2002—03: Ville Peltonen Urpo Ylönen Award — Best Goalkeeper [141] 1982—1983: Rauli Sohlman 1995—96: Ari Sulander 1999—2000: Pasi Nurminen 2001—02: Kari Lehtonen 2002—03: Kari Lehtonen 2008—2009: Juuso Riksman Veli-Pekka Ketola Award — winner of points exchange [142] 1996—97: Petri Varis 2000—2001: Petri Varis Golden Helmet — Most Valuable Player 1990—1991 voted by players: Teemu Selänne 2004—2005: Tim Thomas 2007—2008: Ville Leino 2008—2009: Juuso Riksman Statistics Achievements Finnish Championship (6): 1973, 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2002 [143] Finnish silver (6): 1971, 1983, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2007 [143] Finnish bronze (2): 1998, 2012 [143] Aaro Kivilinna award — best club (6): 1976, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2003 [143] Harry Lindblad Award — SM-liiga regular season win (6): 1983, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2013 [143] European Cup Championship (2): 1995, 1996 [143] European Cup bronze (1): 1993 [143] European Trophy silver aa (1): 2011 [143] Continental Cup Championship (1): 2003 [143] Marathon Tables SeriesRanking SeasonwinsGamesLossMPisteetSM-sarja /SM-liiga [144] 7.431973956276741692661052519I Division/Mestis [145] 35.288501028471355110 Seasonal serial success The statistics show the last ten seasons.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

Regular Season Playoffs SeasonSeriaovjavJAvJahHTMPMPYSijaovHTMPMySijalÄHDE2008—2009SM-Liague582846201341329884564.514101780247. [146] [147] [148] [149] 2009—2010SM-Liague5822442814415778829510.3101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101013594510. [150] [151] [152] [153] 2010—2011SM League602569201651509684876.7341315134467. [154] [155] [156] [157] 2011-2012SM- league60248131518316510191736.10642419107643. [155] [158] [159] [160] 2012—2013SM league60281071516813611198281.624151680045. [161] [162] [163] [164] 2013—2014SM-League256058605860045 221561459392527.2023856419. [165] [166] [167] [168] 2014-2015KHL60355416171136119109324.10552725123826. [45] [169] [170] 2015— 2016KHL60315519167140108104685.6241518915210. [45] [171] [172] 2016-2017KHL6023612191491659395958.40461113. [45] [173] 2017—2018KHL56294815151108103104153.116529245.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[45] [69] Explanations KhlFinland's highest league levelThe second highest league levelsMatchwinnsDraws (actual playing time) HlossJAVOvertimeWinnsJavOvertime LossMade GoalsPMAdmitted GoalsThe crowd average of home matches Juniorit Jokerien's junior activities are responsible for the youth hockey club Helsinki Jokerit r.y. There are teams since G1 juniors, and the youngest of them are assembled when players are around 6 years old.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

There is a program for children under school age at the skating school.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The club offers children who have been involved in the activities an opportunity to play hockey.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The child will be taught to the basic skills of the sport, a healthy lifestyle, group activities that consider others, as well as the opportunity for balanced growth as part of the sports team.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

The ultimate goal is also to produce new players for use by the representative team.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

However, the club reminds us that for the vast majority of children, hockey is just a good hobby.


Question: When was Ambrose Burnside born?

The Jokers

[174] Achievements A-juniors Finnish Championship (4): 1988, 1996, 1999, 2000 SM-silver (5): 1972, 1980, 1998, 2003, 2012 B-juniors Finnish Championship (7): 1976, 1999, 2002, 2008, 2012, 2013, 2014 SM-silver (5): 1974, 1987, 1996, 2001, 2003 SM-bronze (9): 1977, 1979, 1979 5, 1986, 1998, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2015 C-juniors Finnish Championship (8): 1976, 1977, 1978, 1997, 2000, 2006, 2009, 2010 SM-silver: (5): 1990, 1993, 1995, 1998, 2008 Finnish bronze (4): 1979, 1986, 2005, 2007 [175] [176] [177] [178] See also List of players who have played in Jokers List of ice hockey players List of ice hockey players in the KHL Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Aalto, Seppo| title = Jokerit on slippery ice — 25 years of joker hockey | location = Jyväskylä| publisher = Team-Erica| year = 1992| id = ISBN 952-9743- 01-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hannula, Matti| title= 45 Jokers from the deck | location = Helsinki| publisher = Print Line Helsinki| year = 2012| id = ISBN 978-952-93-1225-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kostiainen, Pasi| title = Jokerit — Finnish Ice Hockey Cinderella Story| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-0-22191-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mennander, Ari| title = Hjallis — Hartwall Areena| location = Helsinki | publisher = Otava| = 1997| id = ISBN 951-1-14874-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mennander, Ari & Mennander, Pasi| title = Lions Story | location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Gummerus| year = 2003| id = ISBN 951-20-6455-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mennander, Ari & Mennander, Pasi| title = League Star| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Gummerus| year = 2004| id = ISBN 951-20-6684-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Wickstöm, Mika| title = HIFK—jokers — battle for supremacy in Helsinki | location = Helsinki| publisher = January| 2012| id = ISBN 978-951- 31-6869-8}} References on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles in screening


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

Zarïna Dïas (, born 18 October 1993 in Almaty) is a Kazakh tennis player.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At her best she has been ranked number 31 on the singles WTA list in January 2015.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She has won one WTA tournament and seven ITF tournaments in singles in her career.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In Grand Slam tournaments, Dïas' best achievement in singles is qualifying for the fourth round at Wimbledon in 2014 and 2015, and a doubles quarterfinal spot at the 2014 U.S. Open.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] Tennis Career Adolescence Dïas was born in Kazakhstan, but moved at the age of six with his family to Prague, Czech Republic, where he attended his schooling.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She became interested in tennis after watching it on TV, and her mother took her to learn tennis.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

While training in the Czech Republic, his coach was Jaroslav Jandus.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[2] [3] Junior career and start of professional career (2008—09), Dïas was ranked best ranked 17 in the junior world list in January 2009.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[4] In 2008, Dïas participated in the ITF tournament in Astana, where he played for the first time in his career in the main series of an ITF tournament.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She won the tournament after being completely without any WTA rankings at that moment.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In the final, she defeated Ukrainian Tetjana Arefyeva.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] In June 2009, Dïas won the ITF tournament in Stuttgart after defeating Hungary's Katalin Maros, who was ranked 157 on the world list in the final.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] In July, in her first WTA tournament of her career, Dïas advanced to the quarterfinals at the age of just 15, after defeating eighth-placed Petra Kvitová, among others.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[5] She lost in the quarterfinals to Iveta Melzer.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In qualifying for the U.S. Open, Dïas lost in the first round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She finished the season ranked 206 on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] WTA tournaments and ITF tournament victories (2010—2013) Dïas opened the 2010 Acapulco WTA Tournament, which she qualified for by wild card.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She lost in the first round to Edina Gallovits-Hall.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In qualifying for the French Open, Dïas advanced to the second round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In June, she lost in Rome in the final of an ITF tournament to Patricia Mayr-Achleitner.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In July, Dïas received a wild card into the main series of the WTA Tournament in Prague, losing in the opening round in three sets to Patty Schnyder.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the Tashkent WTA tournament played in September, Dïas advanced to the main series after making it through qualifying.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

However, she lost in the opening round to Monica Niculescu.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At the WTA tournament in Moscow, she reached the quarterfinals by defeating, among others, former world ranking number one and number one placed Jelena Janković in the tournament by figures of 6—1, 6—2.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[6] She lost in the quarterfinals to Marija Kirilenko.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She finished the season ranked 173rd on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] In 2011, Dïas began his season with the qualifiers for the Australian Open, where he advanced to the third round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In February, she participated in the qualifiers for the WTA tournament in Pattaya and advanced to the main series, where, however, she lost in the opening round to Nungnadda Wannasuk.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Kuala Lumpur, she lost in the first round to Lucie Šafářová.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In March, Dïas lost in the final of an ITF tournament in Kunming to Iryna Brémond.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the French Open, he participated in the qualifiers, but nevertheless lost immediately in the first round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In Baku, she lost in the opening round of the WTA Tournament to Jelena Bovina.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In qualifying for the U.S. Open, Dïas qualified for the second round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Canton, Dïas cleared the qualifiers and reached the second round in the main series, where lost to fourth-placed Petra Martić.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She finished the season ranked 223rd on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] In 2012, Dïas played mostly in ITF tournaments.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In June, he won the ITF tournament in Buhara.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In June, she participated in the WTA Tournament in Baku where she lost in the first round to Alberta Briant.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the Canton tournament in September, she lost in the first round to Volha Havartsova.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In October, Dïas reached the final at the ITF tournament in Taipei.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In October, she played in the same city in the main series of the WTA tournament and advanced to the quarterfinals where she lost to Kurumi Nara.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She finished the season ranked 265 on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] In 2013, Dïas participated in qualifying for the Australian Open, where lost in the first round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In February, she advanced to the second round at the WTA Tournament in Kuala Lumpur after defeating Kristýna Plíšková until losing in the second round to Ashleigh Barty.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In qualifying for the French Open, he lost his opening match.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Suzhou in August, Dïas advanced to the second round, where lost to Shahar Pe'er.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the U.S. Open, he lost in the second qualifying round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In October, Dïas won the ITF tournament in Makinohara and qualified for the final at the ITF tournament in Taipei in October/November.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She finished the season ranked 163 on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] During the year, Dïas moved to Canton, China, where his coach is Alan Ma.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[7] Grand Slam debut and top 50 of the world list (2014—15), Dïas opened the season with the 2014 Hong Kong ITF tournament, where he lost in the final.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

He made his Grand Slam main league debut at the Australian Open, which he qualified for through qualifying.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

She advanced to the third round in the tournament after defeating Marina Erakovic, who was ranked 52 on the world list in the second round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In the third round, she lost to Simona Halep, ranked number 11 on the world list.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In March, Dïas won the ITF tournament in Quanzhou.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Miami, she qualified through qualifiers to the main series and there to the second round where she lost to Sloane Stephens.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

After the tournament, Dïas rose to the top 100 on the world list for the first time.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Kuala Lumpur, she reached the quarterfinals where she lost to Dominika Cibulková, who was ranked number ten in the world list, in a three-set match.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In May, she advanced to the quarterfinals at the WTA Tournament in Strasbourg, where she lost to Christina McHale after forfeiting in the second set.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the French Open, Dïas lost in the first round to Petra Kvitová, who was ranked number six on the world list.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In June, she reached the final at the ITF tournament in Nottingham.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Birmingham, she lost in the first round to Coco Vandeweghe.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At Wimbledon, Dïas reached the fourth round after defeating Carla Suárez Navarro, who was ranked number 15 on the world list, among others.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In the fourth round, she lost to Simona Halep, who was third on the world list.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Washington, she lost in the second round to Kurumi Nara after forfeiting in the third round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Cincinnati, she lost in the second round to Lucie Šafářová.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] Dïas entered the top 50 on the WTA World Rank for the first time in her career on 18 August 2014, following her ranking of 46th on the list, while becoming the first starter Kazakh player to reach the top 50.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[8] [9] At the U.S. Open, Dïas advanced to the third round, where lost to Yekaterina Makarova.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In doubles, Dïas reached the quarterfinals with Xu Yifan, where they lost to third-placed pair Cara Black and Sania Mirza.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At the WTA Tournament in Canton, she lost in the first round to Zhang Ling.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the WTA Tournament in Wuhan, she reached the second round after defeating Klára Koukalová until losing to Angelique Kerber.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In Beijing, Dïas again defeated Koukalová, but lost in the second round to a repeat to Kerber.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At the Osaka WTA Tournament played in October, Dïas advanced to the semi-finals and final for the first time in her career.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[10] In the final, she lost to Samantha Stosur, who won the Osaka tournament for the third time in her career.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[11] In September—October, the WTA Rising Stars voting held by the WTA, Dïas earned a spot with votes received from her fans for the WTA Rising Stars invitational competition held in Singapore.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[12] There, Dïas lost all three matches he played.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[13] In November 2014, Dïas was one of four WTA Rookie of the Year nominees, eventually receiving the second most fan votes.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[14] [15] Dïas finished the season ranked 34th on the WTA World List.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] Dias started the 2015 season by participating in the WTA Tournament in Shenzhen.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

There she advanced to the quarterfinals where she lost in three sets to Zheng Saisai.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the tournament in Hobart, she lost in the quarterfinals to Alison Riske.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the Australian Open, Dïas advanced to the third round where lost to Marija Šarapova.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In Dubai, as well as Indian Wells, he qualified for the third round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the French Open, she lost in the second round to Alison Van Uytvanck.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At Wimbledon, Dïas advanced to the fourth round, like last year, where she lost to Marija Šarapova.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[16] [17] In the North American tournaments, she lost in all five tournaments she played in the opening round, including the United States Open, where she lost to Polona Hercog.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

The same spending continued for him in the final four tournaments in September/October, where he achieved only one victory.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

Dïas was ranked 52nd on the world list at the conclusion of the season.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] Vicious excerpts continue, declining list ranking (2016—) Dïas started the 2016 season with the tournament in Shenzhen, where she lost in the true round to Kateřina Siniaková, ranked number 102 in the world list.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In Hobart and the Australian Open, his games ended in the opening round.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

At the Miami tournament played in March, she made it beyond the second round for a long time as she advanced to the third round, where she lost to Serena Williams.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

In May, she played in two ITF tournaments, losing in them to those who were ranked 154 and 124 in the world list, respectively, in the quarterfinals and semi-finals.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] At the French Open, Dïas made it to the second round, where lost to Simona Halep.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[18] In 2017, Dïas achieved her first singles WTA tournament win at the Japanese Open in Tokyo.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[1] Fed Cup Dïas first played for the Kazakhstan Fed Cup team in 2009.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

He has played in eight country matches and won all six of the singles titles he played.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[19] Style of play Dïas considers his strengths include powerful pitching as well as palm batting.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[2] Private life Dïas' mother, Aida Aubelova, lives in Kazakhstan, and her younger sister, Alisa, studies in England.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[3] [1] Dïas moved in 2013 to Canton, China.


Question: When did Zarïna Dïas start her pro career?

Zarïna Dïas

[7] ITF tournament wins [1] [20] Singles (5) Sources on the topic elsewhere at the Women's Tennis Association at the International Tennis Federation Category:79.35 Tennis Class:Kazakh tennis players Category:Born in 1993 Category:Living persons


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Blessed Charles the Great (,,) was king of the Franks from 768—814 and king of the langobards since 774.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

From 768—771 he reigned jointly with his brother Kaarloman, and after his death from 771 he was the sole king of the Franks.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was crowned Roman Emperor by the Pope in 800.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great was a reformer of Western emperor power.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Today, both Germany and France regard him as the founder of their states.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great was proclaimed a saint in 1166.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne vigorously reformed the legislation.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Under stable conditions, economic life also progressed strongly: Charlemagne was the first Western European ruler after the Roman emperors to mint a gold coin in large measure.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Most of the surviving records concerning Charles are written by scholars and advisers of his court.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Their accuracy has been much mooted.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Deficiencies have been found in Master Einhard's writings, and the text is perhaps all too laudatory.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Administrative documents have survived, as well murals in churches of Charles as well as a bronze statue depicting him mentioned earlier.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

From the time of Charles the Great there are many Frankish uses and ornaments, money, buildings and weapons.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Among other things, Roland's song contains information about Charles, but they are often quite exaggerated and inaccurate, later written recordings of old oral knowledge.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Pedigree and early life Charlemagne was descended from an old Frankish lineage and was the eldest son of Pip the Little, the first Caroling king, and grandson of Charlemagne Martel.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Upon Pipin's death, the Frankish kingdom was divided between Charles and his brother Kaarloman.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charleoman died on 4 December 771 and left the whole kingdom to his brother.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne was most probably born in 742 (according to some estimates in 747 or 748), the traditional birthday having been considered 1st/2nd.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

april.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The place of birth is not known.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Although Charles the Great was not royal by birth, he was raised from a child to the duties of monarch.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

His ancestors had held senior positions and stewards of society for five generations before him, including the high post of major domus, or de facto rulers of the Franks.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

One guarantee of Charles's success may have been that no specific succession disputes to the throne emerged during his time.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

A brother had died young, and doubts have been raised that Charlemagne contributed to this.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's father, the major domus Pipin deposed the last Merovingi king with papal blessing in 751 and crowned himself the new Frankish king, and thus Charles became the second Frankish heir to the throne along with his brother.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Upon Pipin's death, relations between Charles and his brother Kaarloman deteriorated; each felt that he was a legitimate king, Charles by virtue of being the elder, Charles because Charles was rumored to have been born before his parents' marriage.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The brothers allegedly plotted against each other.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Kaarloman's sudden death at the age of only about 20 prevented the situation from escalating into a succession dispute or even war.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Personal image Although his father was particularly short, came from Charles 184 cm tall [1] [2].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He has been described as violent, but quite often his physical strength is briskly exaggerated.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The appearance of Charles is not exactly known.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Pictures and statues of him have been produced in later times, usually using a bronze equestrian statue which has preserved from the 8th century.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles was regarded as a pleasant and humorous socialite who, however, was very strident in nature.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

As a warlord, by contrast, he was tenacious and unconditional.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Along with doctrinal pursuits and warring, Charles was interested in hunting and swimming.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was also versed in farming, and for food he had a great fondness for (this resulted in a laudable sized tummy), but drunkenness, on the other hand, he could not tolerate.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

She was said to have dressed in a very simple linen outfit on weekdays, but on festive occasions the situation was different.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles had five spouses during his life, contrary to what was dictated by the principles of the Catholic Church.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, Charlemagne viewed religion very positively.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

There were also several children for him during life, according to various sources from 14 to 20 children [3].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne as king In 772, Pope Hadrian I asked Charles for help against the langobards.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne besieged and took Pavia and made himself king of the langobards in 774.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Returning to his capital Aachen, Charlemagne began the expansion of the Frankish Empire by defeating the Saxons.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The pagan peoples of the territories conquered by Charles were forced converted to Christianity.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In 778, Charlemagne made war in Spain against the Moors.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

On the way back, the Basques attacked the Franks.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The famous Roland song was later written about Count Roland (Hruotland), who died in battle.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Aquitaine was made to an underage son, Louis, his own sub-kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was crowned and anointed by the Pope in 781 along with his brother Pippin, who had been appointed sub-king of Italy.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In 788, Bavaria was also definitively annexed to the kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Most of the Christians in Western Europe had been consolidated into a single kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Crowning as Roman Emperor on Christmas Day in 800, Pope Leo III crowned Charles Roman Emperor.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

[4] The last Western Roman emperor, Romulus Augustulus, had relinquished power in 476.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The time was well-chosen: Byzantium was then ruled by an empress, Basileios Irene, who was not accepted in the West.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This was the first time a pope had taken upon himself the right to appoint an emperor.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

From now on, Europe had two emperors, in the West and East.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Pope Leo III's position was difficult.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Leo III had initially relied more on Byzantium than on the Franks, but now Byzantium was in power by Irene, whose status as the first female ruler was uncertain, and Byzantium, in many's view, had no emperor at all.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Leo III had already in 799 been forced to flee his Roman enemies to Charles the Great, who, on Alutin's advice, helped bring him back to power.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

It is evident that Charles's crowning as emperor took place at the initiative of the Pope.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Thus the pope safeguarded his own and that of the church's state.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

[5] On Christmas Day in 800, while Charles was praying in St. Peter's Basilica, the pope appeared and crowned Charles Roman Emperor (Imperator Romanorum).


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This is an event that historians have many minds.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles is said to have been surprised by the crowning and that he would have failed to appear at the church if he had known about it.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, in the opinion of some historians, the pope would not have dared to crown Charles out of the blue.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

[6] Without Byzantine approval, crowning as Roman emperor was an illegal, actually revolutionary act.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great is reported to have sought Byzantine approval by seeking to marry Irene, whereby Frankish territories would have been united with Byzantium and Charlemagne elevated to its emperor.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

If there were such plans, they tapered no later than Irene's impeachment of 802.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

It meant that Charlemagne, as emperor, ruled only the Duchy of Rome and the former exarchate.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In other territories, he was only king of the Franks and the Langobards.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The purpose of the crowning was not to divide the empire into western and eastern, but led to it indirectly.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Although, after a bygone war, Michael I of Byzantium had a weak recognition of Charles's Empire in 812, it was only about the Empire, not the Roman Empire.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Byzantium still considered himself the sole heir to the Roman Empire.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

[5] In his book Michael Hart considers the title of the 100 greatest Roman emperors of mankind to be inappropriate, on the grounds that Charlemagne was not Roman by origin, culture, or appearance, and the capital of his kingdom was not Rome, but Aachen, and the kingdom was not anyway of ancient Roman magnitude.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Although Charlemagne admired and revived the culture of antiquity, united Europe and was the strongest leader in Europe at the time.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The family Charlemagne married the langobard Himiltrude apparently around the year 768.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, the relationship was short-lived, as around 769—771 her consort was named the daughter of an unknown langobard king.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was followed by Hildegard (ca.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

771—783), Fastrada (783—794), as well as Luitgard (ca.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne crowned his son Louis the Pious as king of the Franks in 811.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Wives of Himiltrude langobard Desiderata, daughter of King Desiderius.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Svaabian Hildegard (marrying ca.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

771) (758—783) the East Frankish Fastrada (married 784) (died 794) the Alemanni Luitgard (married 794) (died 800) After Luitgard's death, Charles had three concubines, Gersuinda the Saxon, and Regina and Adelind.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Children of Pipin (died 811), illegitimate child of Charles the Younger, King of Neustria (772—811) Pipin, King of Italy (773—810) Louis the Pious (778—840) Lothar (died 780) with daughters Rotrud, Bertha and Gisla Hildegard.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Daughters Theoderata and Hiltrud with Fastrada.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Daughter Rotheid, with a concubine.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

With concubines, he also had a daughter Adaltrud and sons Drogo, Hugo and Theoderik.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Old age and death Charlemagne was allowed to spend his days in peace from the wars.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He had good health, but in the last four years of his life it degenerated.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

At that time, he often manifested fever, and the gait turned into a limp.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The deaths of the children worsened Charles's state of mind, and he died of severe fever on 28 January 814 in Aachen, the capital of the kingdom [7].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

That 28 January is still considered to be the day of remembrance of Charles the Great.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

His earthly remains are preserved in the Cathedral of Aachen [8].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Of Charles's decent sons, only the weakest, Louis, was still alive when his father died, and he inherited the kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

When there was no strong leader, times of turmoil in the kingdom began.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The papal position was clearly strengthened and at last in the Treaty of Verdun in 843 the kingdom was divided into three parts between Charles's grandsons.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Background of the Frankish Empire, the Franks belonging to the Germanic peoples migrated across the Rhine River into Gaul at the time of the Great International migrations.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In 481, the Frankish Klodovig gained the throne, fighting later successfully against many European peoples, among them the Romans.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Klodovig's consort was a Christian, and she also gradually induced her husband to convert from paganism.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

After Klodovig, the rule of the Frankish kings, or Merovingians, began to decline, and in fact the kingdom was then ruled by top court officials, or major domuses.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

A major domus, called Charlemagne, defeated the Arabs in 732 at the Battle of Poitiers and was given the additional name Martell (“hammer”).


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne's son Pipin the Small (or Pipin the Short) finally ascended the throne instead of the titular king, and his eldest son Charles was to become emperor, according to which the period of administration of their lineage would be called the Carolingic period.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's Wars War on the langobards Charles became, along with his brother Kaarloman, king of the Franks upon the death of their father in 768.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

When Charlemagne also died after some time, Charlemagne was alone at the top of the kingdom and began the expansion of his kingdom [9].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The northern part of Italy was inhabited by langobards who threatened the Church State ruled by the Pope.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

At first there was peace between Charles and the langobards, and Charlemagne even married the daughter of the langobard king Desiderius.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This was by no means accepted by Pope Hadrian I, but Charles's determination and firm grip on the Catholic Church and the Pope came to light when he entered into that marriage trade [10].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

It is not known further why Charlemagne abandoned his wife after a year-long union.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Certainly, he had calculated what was to follow from the breakup.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Langobards, angered by the separation, attacked the Pope in retaliation [11].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In that situation, the pope invited Charles and his troops to help.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne went on a war expedition, soon defeating the whole kingdom of Langobard and saving the Pope.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Langobard princess could only serve as a vessel for Charles's plans.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Now that Charlemagne had received his troops into the surroundings of the Church State and his papal ally, he crowned himself King of Italy in 774.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Wars against the Saxons As early as Charles the Great's grandfather Charles Martell had fought against the pagan Saxon tribes who lived on the northern and northeastern frontier of his kingdom between the Rhine and Elbe rivers.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great continued his grandfather's work and wanted to unite in his circle of power the Saxons.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Saxons were pagans, and that deficiency Charles had to rectify.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He certainly believed he would make an ally out of them.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Attempts had been made to convert the Saxons before, but without success.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Saxons were made up of separate tribes who in war joined forces against a common enemy.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

After concluding some sort of treaty with the Saxons, Charlemagne returned home and then embarked on the earlier mentioned war expedition to the lands of the Langobards.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

But the insulted Saxons broke the treaty and ravaged Charles's kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

On his return from Italy, he then went out again against the Saxons and had them most of them defeated.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Only one Saxon chieftain named Widukind tenaciously held his sides [12].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was a man of high esteem and had a flame of rebellion in the Saxons when Charles went on his expedition to Spain.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The rebels mainly destroyed churches and generally anything associated with Christianity in retaliation for cutting down the Irminsul tree.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

From that began a lengthy war between the Franks and the Saxons.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Alternately, the parties experienced gains and losses.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

At last Charlemagne succumbed to error: he executed 4,000 warriors whom the Saxons, under duress, had handed over to him.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Saxon rebellion just overcame this.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Years of wars had consumed both sides, and at last Widukind, realizing the inconclusiveness of the fighting, converted in 785 to Christianity [13].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great eventually treated the Saxons favourably.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

To Widukind he handed over numerous gifts and gained from this a friend and ally.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Widukind came to be one of Charles's most important chiefs.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Thus came the fragmented tribes united.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The wars had finally paid off, but it was not until 804 [14] that the Saxons were fully pacified.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In addition to other wars with the Langobards and the Saxons of Charles the Great, Charlemagne conquered small territories from Spain, as well as gaining control of the friezes that lived along the Rhine, a well-known trading nation.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Also against the Avaars, as well as Slavs and Danes, Charlemagne fought successfully.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In 809, Charlemagne also subjugated parts of eastern Rome under his control.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In total, Charlemagne made 54 expeditions during his life, and many wars were very lengthy.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The defeated nations also revolted from time to time.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's relationship with religion and the church Charlemagne saw himself as a protector of the weak and needy, and it was important for him to instill in the people the love of his fellow man.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He severely punished those who did not follow this principle.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne favored the church and the priests.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

These played a great role in spreading the spiritual civilization that unites the people.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, for the church he was at the same time both a patron and a stern ruler.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Churchmen had to be obedient and strictly Christian.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Unworthy priests who squeaked and spent their time for pleasure were dismissed from their duties by Charlemagne.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, it was not easy to keep these “unclean” in check, as they themselves had riches and armed entourages, as well as exalted relatives to support them.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In his old age days, Charles the Great apparently had noticed the church's grievances, as notes referring to the Reformation have been found.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

These include questions that were apparently intended to be asked at some ecclesiastical assembly.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In his questions, he refers to indulgence trading among other things.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

There was also a negative attitude towards collecting relics by Charlemagne.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

To redress the church's grievances, the emperor's admonitions were not enough; a new law was needed, by which those who lost their inheritance in the supplicant trade regained it.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne was a devout Christian who, however, did not blindly follow those doctrines of the Catholic Church which he himself considered false.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He felt entitled, and had a firmer grip on the church than the church had on him.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This was certainly influenced by the fact that the Franks had already been Christians for centuries.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's great-grandfather, Arnulf, had served as bishop of the city of Metz.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne was thus a holier man than many of the church's priests and bishops.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, in the spirit of the time, he used very brutal judgments of worship, among them the water test.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne also found the usefulness of cooperation between religion and state and knew how to use it too for the benefit of his kingdom, while respecting the principles of religion.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's style of governance was suited by Christianity's requirement that the individual had to be obedient to the pre-power.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The phase of adolescence in which Europe switched from paganism to Christianity was a really important factor in Charles's success and the growth of the kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He had to use the sword to defeat the heathen peoples and convert them to Christians.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This was also the papal objective, allowing Charlemagne to gain ample approval for his actions.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

If in Europe the neighbouring Frankish peoples had already been Christians, Charlemagne would have come into conflict with the Church and had to come up with justifications other than converting.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Organizing the administration of the Frankish Empire Laws and Justice Charles the Great enacted his laws, namely capitulars (statutes divided into pieces), to guarantee justice, peace and order in his kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

His bill he submitted to the State Assembly for consideration.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

These meetings were held twice a year, in spring and autumn.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The laws limited the swelling of the power of the superiors and safeguarded the rights of the poorer people, prevented crime and imposed dimensions and weights for commerce.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

There were a couple of thousand laws, and they covered the most diverse spheres of life.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Punishments at that time were tough, especially for violations against the Church and the faith.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

On the other hand, harsh penalties intensified well.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

For example, those who violently invaded a church, robbed or burned churches were sentenced to death at the stake, failure to comply with fasting ordinances carries a death sentence, and so does a death sentence for killing a bishop or priest, or, say, cremation.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

To enforce the laws, Charlemagne appointed counts who, in addition to controlling the county's holdings, collected taxes.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The Counts represented the territory they controlled and were chiefs of the warmen of their territories, as well as the heads of the courts.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Disobedience and illegal acts of the Counts were prevented with the help of Inspectors General.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The people were allowed to complain to these inspectors if necessary, and efforts were made to rectify matters.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

To the judges, Charlemagne was absolute: they were not allowed to take bribes.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The taking of bribes was therefore a major and large-scale problem in the kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne himself was the highest judge, and the people did not doubt his justice.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Not only judges, but also witnesses in court were often dishonest.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Even the accused was able to exploit bribed witnesses.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

When the legal problem could not be resolved through witnesses, sentences of worship were usually used.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The fiefdom Warlike tribes threatened the ranchers, and these were often forced to cede their land to a more heavily equipped landowner for this reason in order to gain access to his patronage.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The grand ranchers thus increasing their fortunes devoted themselves mostly to warring with their cavalry, handing over farms back to ranchers as counties, as long as these merely committed themselves to performing mounted service.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Farming work was left to peasants in the position of serfs.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Gradually, the rulers, too, began to distribute fiefdoms to gain cavalry.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The economy of Charles the Great's empire was mainly based on agriculture, so he used this very fiefdom in his kingdom, and the people were clearly divided into different classes: workers, fighters, as well as prayers.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He gave rehabilitated men counties as deadlines meaning they became grand vassals.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Subvassals acting under them, in turn.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The disadvantage of the fiefdom was that the state became fragmented, with the grand vassals deciding for themselves quite significant matters in their county.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This may have led to mutual wars among the vassals unless a powerful state leader could keep them in check.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne was strong enough to do so, and upon his death the fiefdom became a hereditary feudal institution again, contributing to the dissolution of the state more than a fixed-term fiefdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Military service The aforementioned Spring Meeting was also inspected by military personnel at the so-called May Fields.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Previously, all the men of the kingdom had been conscripted, but by the act of Charles, war service became only the duty of landowners.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The great ranchers could equip even a large number of soldiers, but the smallholders together chose one private from among them and procured him weapons and food.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, war service duty seemed onerous to small farmers, and Charles had to allocate more fiefdoms to the grand vassals to keep the powerful and necessary cavalry for the kingdom in order.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The greatest threat to the kingdom may have come from within it, as chiefly the superiority formed the most powerful forces.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The great vassals, however, respected their mighty leader, and Charles had a knack for dealing with them and keeping them happy.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Cultural Work Although Charles the Great's own doctrinal civilization was weak, he wanted to improve it and the level of civilization of his kingdom as a whole.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He admired ancient civilization and diligently practiced writing and Latin and Greek languages, and established libraries.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, it was not until his old age that he knew how to write.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

That favourable attitude towards the sciences eventually came to be a driving force for modern Western civilization, whose roots go back as far as the cultures of ancient antiquity.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne understood the valuable aspects of the cultures of peoples that fell under his rule and did not want to eradicate information about the past of these peoples.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He made a note of old Germanic songs about ancient heroes and feats.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

However, these writings were destroyed as a result of his son and successor Louis the Pious's zeal for the eradication of paganism.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne also reformed the school establishment of his kingdom.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

This gave ordinary citizens the right and the opportunity to learn.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Convent schools operate in connection with the monasteries and cathedral schools in connection with the cathedrals.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

A palace school operated at the court of Charles in Aachen.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Other than those who intended to become priests studied in what is known as an outdoor school.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The first was taught reading and writing skills, singing, counting, and the rudiments of the Latin language.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne often went to inspect his educational institutions and was quite harsh towards lazy pupils.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles the Great gathered scholars from his circle in the otherwise austere and brutal environment of that time.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The kingdom did not hold together by mere war skills.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Spiritual and spiritual culture enabled the development of the system of government.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles is said to have been as happy to succeed in getting a learned man into his court as he was to conquer the city.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

At Charles's court, the scholars formed an academy, in whose discussions he enthusiastically took part.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

All things had to be sorted out to him thoroughly.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Ancient writings were copied, and his will was to create a “new Athens” from the Frankish kingdom, which was to become even better than the original, Christian cradle of culture.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

There was a Carolingic Renaissance.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The guarantee of the existence of Charles's kingdom, the civilized and cultural base was already ready and it was the culture of antiquity.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

That culture had begun to decline, but was still in the memory.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Important for its preservation was the monasteries of the Middle Ages, and monks carried out the dissemination of culture.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne himself admired many customs of antiquity and took an example from them.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Among other things, he invited friends, relatives and other guests to his spa and discussed important issues with them there.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Also in building culture, Charlemagne followed Roman customs and initiated the stylistic direction of Carolingic architecture that existed throughout the 8th century [15].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne took advantage of enlightened, learned persons in developing and keeping his kingdom in size.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne was a skilled orator and negotiator, he knew how to express his opinions clearly and was able to react quickly to the actions of the opposing party.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Although he did not learn an avoidant writing skills until a later age, he was nevertheless linguistically gifted.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Einhard and Alcuin The most important of the scholars of Charles's court were the Frankish Einhard and the Anglo-Saxon monk Alcuin.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

They contributed to the role of Charles's doctrinal fathers.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Without them, much of the knowledge of ancient times (especially mathematical doctrines) would have been left in pimento from modern knees.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Master Einhard was among Charles's most trusted advisors, and was he was remarkably gifted in mathematics and architecture.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He was responsible for the design of the cathedral of the city of Aachen and the palaces of Aachen and Ingelheim, as well as serving in diplomatic positions.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

His most important work is Vita Caroli Magni (“The Life of Charlemagne”), recounting the life work of Charlemagne.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

It is considered to be the best biographical writing of the entire medieval period.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Most of the information on Charlemagne is precisely written by Einhard.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

His handwriting also includes the Annales Empirium Carlovingi (“Annals of the Carolingian Empire”).


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charles's biographer Vita Caroli Magni was written by his scribe Einhard, who consciously imitated the style of the Roman Suetonius in the spirit of the so-called Carolingic Renaissance.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

[16] The monk Alcuin, on the other hand, developed the Roman literal to better suit mathematical purposes.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

He too was a talented architect and diplomat.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Alcuin was director of Charles's palace school in Aachen and wrote textbooks at a time when doctrinal civilization in Europe was only beginning.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Roland's song of Charles the Great plays a central part in the French national epic in Roland's song.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The work tells the story of Charlemagne's great vassal, Roland, Count of Brittany, who fell at the Battle of Roncevaux to an ambush by the Saracens [17].


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

One of Charles's Counts, named Ganelo, betrayed him.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Plot When Charlemagne and his troops were returning from their successful Spanish expedition, the Saracens attacked the Afterward Force and Roland who led it.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Roland and his men fought valiantly against a superior enemy, agreeing too late to blow his ivory horn called Olifant to summon his king to help him.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Roland was killed, but Charlemagne avenged the death of his best hero in the poetry heavily and the treacherous Ganelon had his share of revenge.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The importance of Charles the Great The kingdom of Charles the Great was later formed by the great nation-states France, Germany and Italy.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Charlemagne's influence on Western civilization was significant.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Without him, Central Europe would most obviously have attracted powerful and warlike peoples from the east.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The closest state threat was East Rome.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Without Charles the Great, the importance of the Catholic Church and the Pope could have remained quite limited.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

Western jurisprudence is based on so-called Roman law, which has been mediated until modern times thanks to the rule of Charlemagne.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The norms created by that conception of law unite the countries of Europe today.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The idea of universal monarchy The title of Emperor and the idea of a universal monarchy unifying all Christians in the West lasted long after Charles the Great.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

In particular, there were attempts to implement universal monarchy in the Heart Middle Ages in the Holy German-Roman Empire and in the 16th and 17th centuries, when the Habsburgs, who dominated Spain and Austria, sought to unify Europe.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

The idea of universal monarchy was not definitively buried until World War I.


Question: Where was Charles I born?

Charles the Great

See also Frankish Empire Carolingic Renaissance Karlspreis, European prize awarded by the city of Aachen Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Carl Grimberg| title = History of Peoples| publisher = WSOY| year = 1956—59}} References Elsewhere Category:Frankish kings Class:Medieval Persons Class:Those born in 742 Class:Those who died in 814 Class:Key articles of screening Category:Saints


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The Medieval Stone Churches of Finland are medieval churches built of natural stone, with the base formula most often rectangular.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The building material has usually been granite.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The oldest stone churches in Finland were built in Åland at the end of the 13th century.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The oldest of these is the Jomala Church, built in 1275—1285, which is at the same time the oldest stone building in the whole of Finland.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

[1] In mainland Finland, stone churches began to be built at the beginning of the 15th century, initially in Varsinais-Suomi and Uusimaa.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

Early stone churches were influenced by churches on Gotland, and the basic type of churches is probably well established in the 14th century.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

There was a sacristy on the north side of the rectangular churches and an arms room on the south side.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The interior ceiling was initially a wooden barrel vault, brick vaults only becoming common in the 15th century.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

In their interior, the churches are either one-, two or three-ship.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

The pediments are masonry of bricks and decorated with Late Gothic closet motifs.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

[2] Timing of Stone Churches Contemporaneous sources tell little of the medieval stone churches in Finland.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

Only a few written records have survived, most of them in the structures of churches themselves.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

More than 95 percent of churches have to be scheduled by other means.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

In addition to natural history means, buildings can be timed based on the stylistic and other features of the buildings, requiring careful examination of churches.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

Nor can you take scientifically justified samples of buildings without this knowledge as a basis for natural-history timing.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

[3] The churches were first studied by the Finnish Society for Ancient Monuments, whose expedition examined the churches of Southwest Finland and Åland Islands in 1871.


Question: Where is the oldest church building in Finland?

Medieval stone churches in Finland

Emil Nervander, the leader of the expedition, later published a presentation in which he divided churches into groups, relying on international style studies.