Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

The project includes e.g.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

ships and combat system.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

Funding for the project is included in the 2018 budget and funding will begin in 2019.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

Vesicles e.g.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

mounted on the outbound ships stock, mm.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

surface interceptor missile and torpedo system.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

In addition to the price of the ships, the operation, maintenance and maintenance costs, which is financed from the regular annual budget of the Armed Forces.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

According to the schedule, the test run of the first corvette will be in 2024.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

[11] Multifunction corvettes provide mm surface control capability in the open seas they are capable of marine mining they can combat submarines to lead maritime operations.


Question: How many barracks were there in Finland in 2018?

Finnish Navy

long periods at sea Corvettes may be used year-round Sources in the General Staff War Finance Department's public book “”, which has appeared on 5 October 2004, discusses naval forces in the second volume in Chapter 7 entitled “Sea Defense Weapons Systems” References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Merens, Timo| title = Vesikko — Silent Guard of the Gulf of Finland| publisher = Hobby-Kustannus Oy| year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-5334-07-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Marine Officers' Association ry| title = Finnish Navy 1969- 2003| publisher = Marine Officers' Association and Finland at Sea Foundation| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-95298-4-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Navy 100| publisher = Naval Staff | year = 2018| id = ISBN 978-951-25-2946-9}} on the website YLE Living Archive YLE Living Archive Category:Screening Key Articles


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In Finland, the 1960s were marked by major upheavals, the influence of which still stands out in Finnish society.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finland evolved from an agricultural-dominated society in the postwar period to an industrialized country.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[1] [2] Living standards rose, but at the same time the countryside began to decline as industry was concentrated in the south.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The 1960s experienced a strong wave of migration from rural areas, mostly from Eastern Finland or Lapland to southern Finland or Sweden.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The population of Finland in the 1960s was about four and a half million.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] The 1960s also experienced a rebellion of the young large age class against the then prevailing system.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[1] Left radicalism and the student movement were stigmatized in Finland as in Western Europe, but Finland did not see any major violent demonstration as, for example, in France in May 1968.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The most attention-grabbing case of radicalism was the takeover of Old in November 1968.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The solidified era of the 1950s also came to an end, and liberalist thinking and development began.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The rise of the hippie movement also began, signaling the emergence of a freer lifestyle in the commune.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[4] In Finland, the so-called Kekkonen Period existed throughout the decade, as well as the YYA- or “Agreement on Friendship, Cooperation and Mutual Assistance” with the Soviet Union.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The decade still remembers include the notes crisis between Finland and the Soviet Union of 1961, the Helsinki Youth Festival 1962 and the liberation of middle beer in 1969.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

New phenomena and violations of taboos were evident in the literature, film and art of the 1960s.


Question: In what decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Several works that have caused a stir are remembered, such as Hannu Salama's novel Midsummer Dances, Mikko Niskanen's film Käpy under the back, Arvo Salo's Lapualainen opera play and Harro Koskinen's artwork Sikamessias.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Several protest singers have also attracted attention, including Irwin Goodman and M.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A. Numminen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The novelty of the previous decade, television, became widespread at a breakneck pace.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Politics Kekkonen time Urho Kekkonen served as President of the Republic of Finland throughout the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Presidential elections were held in Finland in 1962 in which Urho Kekkonen was nominated, supported by the Agrarian League, the Swedish People's Party, and the Finnish People's Party.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Kekkonen received 145 electors and won the election.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Paavo Aitio was the SDKL candidate, Rafael Paasio of the SDP and Emil Skog Labour and Small Farmers Social Democratic League (TPSL) candidate.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Coalition sided with the SDP in the so-called Honka alliance, and its presidential candidate was Rafael Paasio.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the new elections of 1968 there were only two candidates besides Kekkonen: Matti Virkkunen (Coalition Party) and Veikko Vennamo (SMP).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

This election also came as a victory for Kekkonen, as he was supported by almost all parties.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The president had much broader powers than in the present day: he was entitled, among other things, to grant dispensation for the application of laws and even the dissolution of parliament.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The age for voting rights was 21 years for state elections (presidential and parliamentary elections) until 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Between 1969 and 1972, the age limit was 20 years.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In municipal elections, the voting age until 1968 was 21 years, and from 1968 to 1972 20 years.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

You could vote if you had reached that age before the start of the election year.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Foreign policy Foreign policy Finland was committed to adhering to a policy of neutrality in the spirit of the Paasikivi line, which was continued by President Urho Kekkonen, leaning on the YYA agreement.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Good relations with the Soviet Union guaranteed the Finnish state the basis of the YYA treaty.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finland did not fall at the feet of any international crisis.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The most famous foreign policy crisis was the note crisis in October 1961.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The note crisis arose on 30 October when the Soviet Union had submitted a note to Finland in which it submitted consultations in accordance with the YYA Treaty: “The measures to safeguard the defence of the borders of both countries were manifested on the part of the Federal Republic of Germany and the states in alliance with it. in response to the threat of military attack”.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[5] Finland also participated in UN peacekeeper missions to the Middle East in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

As a member of the EFTA Free Trade Organization, Finland joined in 1961 and the OECD in 1968.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[6] After World War II, the Saimaa Canal had largely remained behind the new border on the Soviet side, which meant that ships could not operate from Greater Saimaa to the Gulf of Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The structures of the canal had experienced damage in the war and the sizing of the canal's sluices was obsolete.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The question of the Saimaa Canal took a new twist in 1955 when the Soviets had restored the Porkkala leased area.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Saimaa Canal lease was intended to return to Finland the Vyborg Gulf regions and parts of Karelia.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Soviet Union agreed to negotiations for transit in the canal, and a lease agreement was being concluded in 1962 by President Urho Kekkonen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The third construction of the canal was able to begin in 1963.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The canal had to be widened due to increasing ship sizes, and the canal currently in use was inaugurated on 5 August 1968.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[7] Parties and Parliament Parliamentary elections were held on two occasions in the 1960s: in 1962 and 1966.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1962, the largest parties in the order were the Agrarian League, the People's Democratic League of Finland, the Social Democratic Party of Finland and the National Coalition Party.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[8] In these elections, voter turnout was 85.1%, which was the busiest voter turnout in Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[9] In the 1966 parliamentary elections, Finland entered a left-majority parliament, and discussions began to be made about creating a welfare state.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Trade union influence rose.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The largest parties at the time were the Social Democratic Party of Finland, the Centre Party and the People's Democratic League of Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[10] In the 1960s, Finland had two minority governments as well as three majority governments and one civil service government.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[11] Domestic political reforms The governments of Paasio and Koivisto initiated and implemented significant social policy reforms affecting the people as a whole.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

They were e.g.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

elementary school law, reimbursement of medical expenses for health insurance, survivor pensions, pensions for entrepreneurs and agriculturalists, and a new more libertarian alcohol law, which also included the liberalization of middle beer early in 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[12] The Copyright Act was enacted in 1961 and the Party Act 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[13] In 1968, Koivisto's government achieved a major revenue policy solution called Linnamaa I, according to the proposal of the regency conciliator Keijo Liinama.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[14] Chief negotiators were CEO Päiviö Hetemäki and President of the Confederation of Finnish Trade Unions Niilo Hämäläinen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[12] In 1967, the Survivors Pensions Act was also enacted to safeguard a minimum income.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[15] In the 1960s, the Coalition was in only one government, the Estonian government, which sat from 12 September 1964 to 27 May 1966.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Party politics The great party reform was when the Agrarian League changed its name to the Centre Party in 1965.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

While support for the centrist was still widespread in rural areas, it had sought to develop into a centrist party nationwide since the 1950s, presenting very liberal alignments at times.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In this, its development resembled the transformation of other Nordic agrarian parties into centrist general parties.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

However, compared to other Nordic parties of agrarian background, the Centre was by far the strongest.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[16] Founded in 1959, the Finnish Rural Party, under the leadership of its leader Veikko Vennamo, rose to raise the issues of the 'forgotten people', namely small farmers and others left on foot in society.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The party was initially called the Finnish Small Peasants' Party; the name was changed to the Finnish Rural Party in 1966.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1968 presidential election, Vennamo, to everyone's surprise, received 33 electors, foreshadowing an electoral victory of 18 seats in the 1970 parliamentary elections.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The party was supported mostly in Eastern and Northern Finland, where times were economically very bad.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A new political term was born: vennamolism.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[17] SKP split in two in 1968.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The minority communists led by Taisto Sinisalo separated from the Communist Party of Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Majority Communists led by Aarne Saarinen condemned the occupation of Czechoslovakia [18] Saarinen terminated SKP from its cooperation agreement with NKP.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

He also knocked out the doctrine of the dictatorship of the proletariat, while Sinisalo advocated it.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The political struggle between Saarinen and Sinisalo continued throughout the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Prominent politicians Urho Kekkonen, President of the Republic 1956—1982 V. J. Sukselainen, Prime Minister 1959—1961 Martti Miettunen, Prime Minister 1961—1962, Ahti Karjalainen, Minister of Agriculture 1962—1963, Foreign Minister Reino Ragnar Lehto, Prime Minister 1963—1964 Johannes Virolainen, Prime Minister 1964—1966, Speaker of Parliament 1966—1968, Minister of Agriculture, Minister of Education Rafael Paasio, Prime Minister 1966—1968, Speaker of Parliament 1966, prominent Social Democrat politician, presidential candidate 1962 Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister 1968—1970, Minister of Finance Paavo Aitio, MP of the SKDL, 1962 Ele Alenius, Minister of Finance, Chairman of the SKDL Georg C. Ehrnrooth, MP of the RKP and POP, Karl-August Fagerholm, critic of Kekkonen's foreign policy line and communism President 1958—1962 and 1965—1966 Tuure Junnila, Coalition MP, Kekkonen foreign policy line and communism critic Kauno Kleemola, Speaker of Parliament 1962—1965 Hertta Kuusinen, MP for SKDL, one of the leading communists of his time, Juha Rihtniemi, Coalition Party President Aarne Saarinen, SKP President Taisto Sinisalo, SKDL MP Emil Skog, TPSL President, 1962 Vieno Johannes Sukselainen, President of Parliament 1968—1970 Väinö Tanner, SDP President Veikko Vennamo, President of the SMP, Presidential candidate 1968 Matti Virkkunen, Coalition politician, longtime President of Kansa-Osa-Bank, presidential candidate 1968 Demografia Natural population changes Finland's population was approximately 4,446,000 at the end of 1959 and about 4,703,000 at the end of 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The population rose by around 5.8 per cent in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Population growth was significantly slower than in the 1950s, but slightly faster than in the 2000s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[19] By the end of the decade, population growth slowed markedly due to both the decline in the birth rate and the mass migration to Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The increase in population was over nine per cent in 1961, but by 1969 it had already fallen to one per cent.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[20] Post-World War II large baby boomers moved from childhood to adulthood: they were between 10 and 25 years of age during the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] Birth rates declined in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Between 1960 and 1963, more than 18 children were born per 1,000 inhabitants, but by 1969 this figure had fallen to less than 15 already.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

An average of about 78,000 children were born each year.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The mortality rate rose slightly from 9.0 at the beginning of the decade to 9.8 at the end of the decade; an average of about 43,000 Finns slept away each year.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The infant mortality rate was still 28.6 per million in 1951 to 1960, almost twice as high in the counties of Oulu and Lapland than in Uusimaa County.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

By 1969, infant mortality had dropped to 14.2 prom, and the gap between counties had narrowed markedly.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] Internal migration Immediately after the war kept about 425,000 people from Karelia, Salla and Petsamo resettled all over Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The deployments were made mainly in rural areas, which caused extensive migration from eastern and northern Finland to the south a decade later.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

It was the largest internal migration in the entire history of independent Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The largest wave of migration began in the 1950s, accelerated in the 1960s and peaked in the early 1970s, after which migration began to clearly slow down.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finland's internal migration was mainly based in Uusimaa County.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

North Karelia, Kainuu, Lapland and Savo suffered from this, as thousands of people, mainly small farmers, slammed boards into the windows of their huts and left for growth centres in the south.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The largest cities and commercial areas in 1969 were Helsinki (533,080 inhabitants), Tampere (155,490 inhabitants), Turku (154,719 inhabitants), Espoo (92,717 inhabitants), Lahti (89,360 inhabitants) and Oulu (86,608 inhabitants).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The population of these increased by about 15 to 50 per cent in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Until late 1959, just under 38% of Finns lived in cities and commercial establishments, but by the end of 1969 the proportion of urban and merchant population had risen to just over 50%.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] The cause of migration was first and foremost unemployment.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Although Finland was becoming an industrial country and the standard of living was rising, rural areas mainly in Central Finland had begun to decline.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Most of the migrants were young adults, so the rural population became obsolete.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In rural areas, many services such as schools, shops and hospitals lost customers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[1] Mass migration to Sweden The structural change in Finnish society was uniquely drastic after World War II.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Small farming, which had been heavily invested even after the war, quickly became unprofitable.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Rising living standards in cities guaranteed better opportunities for rural people.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Migration from northern and eastern Finland was directed not only to the growth centres of Southern Finland, but also to neighbouring Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Sweden quickly needed additional manpower.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Approximately 80% of the Finnish diaspora settled in Sweden's major growth centres in the Stockholm region, Gothenburg and Malmö.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Mass migration had begun as early as the late 1940s and accelerated as the 1950s and 1960s folded.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Between 1968 and 1969, about 40000 people migrated from Finland annually to Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

About 300,000 working-age Finns operated in Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the same time, Finns became one of the largest minority groups in Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In Sweden, Finns worked mostly in fields that the Swedes shunned.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Thousands of Finns worked at Saab and Volvo factories, for example.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Ericsson, too, was a large employer.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[21] Regional distribution of population The table shows the population of the counties of Finland on the last day of 1960 and 1969 according to Statistics Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The county division, land area and population density date back to 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] Population grew fastest in the counties of Uusimaa and Häme, and decreased fastest in North Karelia County.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

19601969Changeland area (km²) 1969inhabitants/country-km² in 1969Uusimaa county 832,9361 014 640+21.8 %9 868102,8Turku and Pori county 660 269683 040+3.4 %22 01431,0Häme lahni580 765639 657+10.1 %17 71536,1kymen ni337 772348 338+3.1 %10 73632,4Mikkeli County 234 629223 358-4.8 %16 42513,6Kuopio county 270 504263 120-2.7 %16 73415.7North Karelia County 207 742190 589-8.3 %17 98010.6Vaasa county 443 505434 691-2.0 %26 11916,6Oulu county 406 992418 932+2.9 %56 7077,4Lapland County 205 11318 192+6.4 %93 9322,3Central Finland245 014246 938+0.1 %15 76415.7Åland20 98121 577 +2.8% 1 48114,6Finland4 446 2224 703 072+5.8 %305 39615.4 Radicalism The Underground movement rose in Finland in the 1960s mainly in cities, many protest singers such as Irwin Goodman and M.A.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Numminen sang about the problems of society.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Student radicalism did not rise nearly as fervent in Finland as it did in France or West Germany.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Protests did occur, but they were not violent but mostly very peaceful.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Students demand the same things as in France or West Germany, for example that the national school-grammar school system should be transformed into a primary school.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[22] The 1960s were a time of youth activation.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

There were a record number of young people, with the post-World War II big baby boomers aged between 10 and 25 during the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Young people were more aware of society and their empowerment.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The phenomenon is explained by the enrichment of youth culture from the United States in Finland, the growth of leisure time and the admission of larger numbers to grammar school.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[23] [24] Pacifism also rose to prominence among academic youth, and the Conscription Act was defied.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Conscientious objector Erik Schüller was convicted in an incitement trial in 1969, which attracted much publicity in the media.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[25] The takeover of the Old One of the most attentive cases of radicalism was when, on 25 November 1968, a group of students took over the Old Student House for a couple of days.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The only act of violence was breaking one of the exterior doors.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The year 1968 was the anniversary of the Student Union of the University of Helsinki.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The centenarian student union of the University of Helsinki held the festivities, but the student opposition protested the celebrations.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

While the elite celebrated at Old, no representatives of the student organization had been invited to attend.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The student opposition decided to take over the Old.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Student Opposition, using the name Studenterna - Studenterna, called for student democracy, the establishment of Marxist-Leninist groups in faculties to deepen studies, the abolition of forced membership of the Student Union, and a change in the line of the Student Journal.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[26] Lapland problems Social problems in Lapland began to come to light.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Lapland was not only a land of ruskish colours and fells.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Lapland's natural resources were mainly used for the welfare of the south; for example, power plants built on Lapland's rivers provided electricity for industrial centers in the south.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Many people in Lapland migrated to Norway or Sweden because conditions in Lapland were characterised by poverty, unemployment, doctor shortages, poor educational opportunities and small autonomous power to decide.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[27] At the same time, the problems of the Sami people came to light.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

It was not until the 1960s that the status of the Sámi language was discussed.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Sami felt that they had been considered only one minority in Finland, and their status as an indigenous people had not been taken into account unlike Norway and Sweden, where the Sami were better positioned than in Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Nils-Aslak Valkeapää was the most famous person in Finland who pursued Sami rights.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

His message was that Lapland is not just a country of rusks and fells, but it is part of Finland and so he brought Lapland's problems to the south as well.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

We started talking about Finnish colonial rule in Lapland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[28] Economy Finland's gross domestic product rose in the 1960s, although not as fast as in the 1970s, 1980s and 2000s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Gross domestic product was just over 14 billion marks in 1960, and around 34.4 billion marks in 1969 (at 1970 prices).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Finnish state economy was predominantly in deficit, but experienced a slight surplus in mid-decade and a larger surplus in 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] [29] Livelihoods and working life At the end of 1960, 2,033,268 persons in the profession were recorded in Finland.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Of them, about 61 percent were men and 39 percent were female.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

By industry, they were divided as follows: Agriculture and forestry: 720,817 (35.5%) Industry: 444,516 (21.9%) Construction activity: 176,157 (8.7%) Electricity, gas and water utilities: 18,861 (0.9%) Trade: 236,381 (11.6%) Transport: 128,844 (6.3%) Services: 301 63 (14.8%) Unknown: 6,229 (0.3%).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] By the end of 1970, the proportion of people working in agriculture and forestry had fallen to 20%, while those working in processing had risen to 34% and those working in the third sector to up to 44% of the population in the profession.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[30] Monetary reform 1963 After World War II, the value of the Finnish mark had collapsed year by year.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the beginning of 1963, a new monetary law came into effect and the mark was reformed.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

After the reform, the new mark corresponded to one hundred old marks and the return penny equal the old mark.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[31] Although the name of the currency remained the same, even for quite a long time after the transition, the new mark was often referred to as “contemporary markka” and the abbreviation nmk.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The former marka, on the other hand, was referred to as “old markka” and the abbreviation vmk.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

However, the inflation spiral could not be stopped; the depreciation of the value of money and uneven economic growth continued until the fold of the 1970s and 80s, after which a strong boom began.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

According to the coefficient of value, one thousand euros in 2017 corresponded to about 30000 1955 marks and 43000 in 1960 marks.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The 1963 figure is about 475 marks and the 1969 figure is about 670 marks.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[32] Foreign trade In 1960, Finland's exports were worth about 316.5 billion old marks and imports were valued at around 340.3 billion.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1969, the figures for exports amounted to about 8.3 billion new marks (834.4 billion billion.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

old marks) and new marks 8.5 billion for imports (850.5 billion billion.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

old marks).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

For almost the entire decade, the trade balance was in deficit.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finland's most important export products were paper industry products, such as paper, cardboard and paperboard.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Towards the end of the decade, exports of machinery, equipment and vehicles increased.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Clearly most of the imported products came from other European countries, and even the majority of exported products were exported to other parts of Europe, especially the Soviet Union.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Exports to the West, especially to West Germany and Britain, also began to grow in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[33] [3] Crime in the 1960s there were several unsolved homicides: the Bodominjärvi murders in June 1960 Uunisurma in December 1960 The murder of Leo Savioja in August 1962, the murder of Pirkko Ryhänen in March 1963.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Overall, about 215,000 crimes came to the attention of the police in 1960 and about 326,000 in 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Property crimes and assaults in particular increased.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In terms of homicides, the 1960s were quite a peaceful time: murders and manslaughter were recorded between 1965 and 1969 at around 90 to 110 pieces, well below those in previous decades.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

With a significant alcohol reform in 1969, the homicide rate again turned to a rise.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] [34] Traffic in the 1960s registered just over 600,000 passenger cars, well more than in the 1950s but less than in the present day.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Import rationing of passenger cars ceased in 1962, after which their first registrations increased considerably until 1965, after which they began to reverse decline.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

On the other hand, registrations of motorcycles decreased compared to the 1950s, but there was still a comparable abundance of motorcycles.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The highest number of British and West German vehicles were registered.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the very end of the decade, in November 1969, the Uusikaupunki automobile factory produced the first Finnish Saab 96 passenger car.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The first serial production individual was awarded to the ownership of President Urho Kekkonen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Previously, a test specimen had been produced in Finland to ensure safety.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The amount of paved road network nearly eightfold over the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the end of 1962, Finland's first motorway (originally Tardontie) was completed on Highway 1 from Munkkiniemi in Helsinki to Gumböle in Espoo.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

During the decade, several short motorway sections were completed in the vicinity of cities: the Turku—Raisio motorway section of Highway 8 was completed in 1963, the Hämeenlinna bypass of Highway 3 in 1964 and the Tampere—Kulju section in 1968, as well as the Vanhacity—Viikki section of Highway 4 in 1967.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Train services were handled mostly by diesel and steam locomotives.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Wooden carriages were still common; the first blue express railcars were introduced in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the electrification of the railways, Finland was in the aftertrain: the first to electrify the Helsinki-Kirkkonummi section was in 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The total annual performance of bus services increased from around 340,000 at the start of the decade to nearly 500,000 at the end of the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

On the other hand, the annual number of journeys made by passenger services decreased from nearly 40,000 at the beginning of the decade to around 25,000 at the end of the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] In 1960, Aero Ltd introduced its first jet passenger aircraft, the Sud SE-210 Caravelle.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1968, Aero changed its name to Finnair, and the following year the company took over its first long-haul jet, the Douglas DC-8.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The new type of aircraft was used mainly on flights to the United States, but also on holiday flights mostly to the Mediterranean and the Canary Islands.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Road safety was poor in the 1960s: traffic fatalities and injuries occurred far more than in the 2000s, although traffic volume was lower.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[35] With the rise in the number of passenger cars, Finland's road safety deteriorated throughout the 1960s and was at its darkest in 1972.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Speed limits had occasionally been tried, but they were believed more to restrict individual freedom than increase safety.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[36] Two crashes of the Aero airliner are also commemorated from the 1960s: the Koivulahti plane crash on 3 January 1961 and the Mariehamn plane crash on 8 November 1963.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Education in the 1960s was still in use as a parallel school system formed by folk and grammar schools.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

There was a phased transition to the primary school system in the 1970s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1960s, schooling was different in many ways than it is today: Saturdays were still school days, writing was often practised in ink, and pupils might even be physically disciplined (although bodily discipline was banned in state schools as early as 1914 [37]).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Girls and boys were at least in different classes, if not different schools.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The largest localities had so-called observation classes for special needs pupils.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

It was possible to enter the grammar school after the fourth grade if you passed their entrance exam.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Getting into grammar school was the only path to higher education, so those dreaming of higher education had to invest in schooling even in their first years of school.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[38] In 1960, the Community College moved from Helsinki to Tampere, and six years later that institution changed its name to Tampere University.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the late 1960s several universities were established: Kuopio University was founded in 1966, University of Vaasa in 1968, University of Joensuu in 1969 and Lappeenranta University of Technology also 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The level of education of Finns rose in the 1960s, but it was still low.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

By late 1960, 7.6% of Finns aged 15 and over had completed grammar school and 4.2% had matriculated.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The number of matriculates doubled over the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[39] The percentage of the educated in the urban and merchant population was three times that of the rural population.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] As recently as the early 1970s, nearly three out of four people of working age had completed no more than a national or grammar school, 15% a secondary degree and 11% a tertiary degree.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[40] Architecture The period of post-war reconstruction had come to an end, and migration from the countryside to the cities was strong.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Urban suburbs began to grow strongly.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

1960s architecture is characterised by bare concrete, prefabricated construction, black and white and streamliness.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A distinctive representative of housing was a flat-roofed lamellar house, the outer walls of which could be cast at the site or assembled from elements.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[41] [42] Architects did not have very much say in the design of residential apartment buildings in the 1960s, when the volume of production was the main starting point.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

However, the top architecture was represented by numerous public buildings, including Reima Pietilä's Otaniemi Student Union House Dipoli (1966), Timo Penttilä's Helsinki City Theatre (1967), Bertel Saarnio and Juha Leiviskä's Kouvola Town Hall (1969) and a wide variety of Alvar Aalto City Hall buildings designed by them.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Examples of Aalto's creations include the headquarters of Stora Enso called “Sugar Piece” (1961) and the main building of the University of Technology (1965).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

There was a modernist breakthrough in church architecture.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Many church buildings boldly experimented with the possibilities of concrete, and interiors were often left starkly expressive.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Representatives of church architecture in the 1960s include Alvar Aalto's Lakeude Cross (1960), Aarno Ruusuvuori Hyvinkää Church (1961) and Tapiola Church (1965), Reima Pietilä Kaleva Church (1966) and Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen's Temppeliaukio Church (1969).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[43] In 1966, H-House was opened in Kuopio, Finland's first shopping centre designed by Kaj Michael.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Two years later, Heikintori, a shopping centre, designed by Aarne Ervi, was opened in Tapiola, Espoo.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Other notable buildings completed in the 1960s include Seppo Ruotsalainen Puijo Tower (1963), Viljo Revelli's Kop Triangle (1964), Jaakko Paatela and Reino Koivula's Meilahti Tower Hospital (1965), Jaakko Kontio and Kalle Räiken Helsinki Ice Rink (1966), and Viljo Revelli and Heikki Castrén's Sausage House (1967).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Housing Housing levels A strong wave of migration from rural to cities and the overall improvement in housing infrastructure were reflected in the improvement in housing equipment levels.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

As recently as 1960, the aqueduct and sewer were in only about half of all dwellings, with water in just over a third.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Central heating was in just under a third in 1960 and warm water in just under a quarter of all dwellings.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1970 the plumbing and sewer was in over 70%, waterwater at over 60%, and central heating and hot water in just over half of all dwellings.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Of the new residences completed as early as 1968, almost all had plumbing, hot water, sewer, toilets and central heating.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

There was also an increase in housing space: in 1960, the average area of dwellings per capita was 14.3 square metres and in 1970 was 18.9 square metres.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

On the other hand, the proportion of owner-occupied dwellings decreased slightly and the proportion of rental dwellings


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1960s, about 60% of dwellings were owner-occupied dwellings and just under 40% were rented.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The popularity of Arava loans rose in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[3] [44] Decoration and design for Sixties décor is marked by wallpaper decorated with intense colours (such as orange, yellow and green) and patterns, counterbalanced by the often gestured slab construction taking over the surfaces of the home.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Painting walls with latex paint was also common.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The walls of the kitchen and bathroom were often coated with melamine finish IKI board, which was obtained, for example, with precious wood and tile patterns.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Hexagonal clinker tiles were also typical of the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Listings were often as narrow and modest as possible.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Fixed furnishings such as window seats and curtain boards were of sheet construction, smooth-faced and pale painted.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Along with the wall structures, the fixed window seats became melamine-faced window sills.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The floor was often coated with light plastic carpet, chipboard-based parquet, or the novelty carpeted floor of the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Ceilings were plated and painted or boarded with wood, and ceiling lights were often brass.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[45] The rapid generalization of television changed the interior of the living room, now built around the television.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The use of plastic in furniture and other home accessories became widespread.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Eero Aarnio designed the “ball chair” in 1963.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Also popular were tableware by Tapio Wirkkala, Timo Sarpaneva and Kaj Franck, as well as textiles from Marimekko and Marjatta Metsovaara.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[46] Finnish language 1960s new words or words used in media abundance during the decade: astronaut, cosmonaut cohabitation contraception conditional hippie mass media midsummer developing country brag consumption form, form tape recorder consequently shopping mall precinct pizza policy protest radical racism pollution spared taboo entity measure state communication unify [47] Literature Upgrades in society as well as radicalism were also reflected in the 1960s in literature, and the decade is considered a decade of participatory literature.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The literature of the time revolted against the governing power of political and economic systems, opposed traditional bourgeois values, and questioned taboos of sexuality.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Moral and ethical questions of literature were even addressed in courtrooms: for example, Hannu Salama's novel Midsummer Dances (1964) brought him an indictment for blasphemy [48], though he was pardoned by the President of the Republic of Finland Urho Kekkonen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[49] Polemics were also caused by Väinö Linna's Here Under the North Star II (1960), as well as Paavo Rintala's Grandma and Mannerheim trilogy (1960—1962) and Lieutenant Sissi (1963).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The taboos of portraying sexuality were particularly broken by Timo K. Mukka and Christer Kihlman.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Sixties lyric rebelled against the modernism of the previous decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

New means of expression in the poems were, for example, snippets from conversations, statistics, lists, and poems by other authors.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The sound print became jagged as well as imagery related to the urban environment.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Pentti Saarikoski, a poet, prosaist, Finnish writer, listener and pachinist, became the leading figure of the new generation.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

He is especially remembered for the collection What's happening really?


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

(1962), which describes the world in a very reality-oriented manner with restless, moving and relaxed colloquial poetry.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The strongest political voice weights in the lyric of the era were represented by Matti Rossi and Pentti Saaritsa.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Väinö Kirstinä, on the other hand, was considered a prophet of the most trying trend of the decade, Finnish Dadaism.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finnish-Swedish socially oriented poets included Lars Huldén, Claes Andersson and Robert Alftan.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The 1960s also saw the appearance of Ulla-Lena Lundberg's first-born poetry collection Utgångspunkt (1962) and Henrik Tikkanen's first-born novel Hjältarna är döda (1961).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Tove Jansson debuted as an adult writer with the autobiographical novel The Sculptor's Daughter (1968).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Admittedly, one of the most notable works of the decade is also Marianne Alopaeus' Core of Darkness (1965).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[50] Theatre Theatre's ratings were increasing in the 1960s, due to improved transport links, urban population growth and increasing leisure time.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A lot of wars were depicted in theatrical productions of the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The left was still clearly divided into communists and social democrats, but Eino Salmelainen declared that the division in the Workers' Theatre had to be forgotten, as the theatre was to be a place of recreation.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Raising the Civil War as a topic for the first time underscored the common roots of the history of the Left.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

For example, for the 60th anniversary of Tampere's Workers' Theatre in 1961, Salmelainen declared folksy was realised by Eugen Terttula's flamboyant adaptation of the second part of Väinö Linna's Here Under the Pohjanstar trilogy, where the description of the 1918 civil war was central to it.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The adaptation became a great success, for which there were also successful sequels.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

World War II was covered, for example, in Edvin Laine's play The Unknown Soldier (1961) and Ilmari Turja's play Headquarters (1965).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Towards the end of the decade, radicalised young theatricans scolded plays describing wars and demanded anti-war performances, resulting in director Edvin Laine trying to convince young people of Väinö Linna's anti-war spirit by adding blood effects and the presentation of suffering.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The desolation of the countryside was also evident in some plays, exemplified by Jouko Turka's Goodbye Strawberry (1969).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[51] Kalle Holmberg made his breakthrough in the 1960s: he became director of the Helsinki City Theatre 1965—1970 and principal of the Finnish Theatre School 1968—1971.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

He is remembered for several directorships, including the Lapuan Opera (1966) and Richard III (1968).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Lapuan opera is probably the best-known domestic play of the 1960s; it is a pacifist and neo-leftist detachment from the long-held right-wing climate of attitude and the burdens of patriotic tradition, perceived as revolutionary.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

There were also a lot of amusement and musical plays performed.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the course of the 1960s, the wide spectrum of operettas had, admittedly, been pruned into use by theatres and the National Opera, mainly classics of the genre, such as the foreigners Strauss's Bat, Lehár's Merry Widow and the Gypsy Duchess of Kálmán.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

As recently as the 1960s, a theatre manager always had to ensure that there was someone fit to be an operetta hero in the house, but very few professional theatrics had the skills required to perform operetta heroes.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[52] The Lapualaisopera Lapualaisopera was a play premiered on 21 March 1966 and written by Arvo Salo.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The music was composed by Kaj Chydenius.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Lapualainen opera was written as a commemorative play for the 40th anniversary of the Helsinki Student Theatre.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The premiere was directed by Kalle Holmberg.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1960s, the radicalism of the Lapua movement was still sorely in memory, and many bourgeois oriented citizens were offended by the play.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Lapuan opera was also the subject of a lawsuit when Captain ret.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Artturi Vuorimaa filed a lawsuit for damages against Arvo Salo for plagiarism because Salo had borrowed passages from Vuorimaa's book Three Months in Kosola without Vuorimaa's permission.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Court of Appeal sentenced Salo to fines for copyright infringement and ordered him to pay damages of 2000 marks to Vuorimaa.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Supreme Court rejected the fine penalty, but upheld the damages.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[53] Press The largest domestic newspaper, the unbound Helsingin Sanomat, had also grown to one of the largest newspapers in the Nordic countries.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The second largest domestic newspaper was Rural Future.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[54] The most widely circulated magazines of the 1960s were still Apu and the Society, both of which had already been established in the 1930s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

During the decade, the youth magazine Favourite (1961), the women's magazine Anna (1963) and the interior design magazine Avotakka (1967) were founded.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Investigative journalism reared its head, most famously as the case of the “great margarine war” started by the New Image Magazine in 1961.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The yellow press exponentially increased its popularity.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the fall of 1959, “Hymy” magazine was established initially as a youth magazine, which it did not prosper.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

So the magazine's editor, Urpo Lahtinen, quickly twisted Smile into an unabashed sensational magazine whose stories were particularly related to celebrity revelations, alcoholics and crime.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[55] Television and Radio Television channels and technology in the 1960s Finland had two TV channels TV-programme 1 and TV programme 2 (nowadays Yle TV1 and Yle TV2).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In addition, there was one commercial television channel Advertisement Television, which broadcast a program from the Yle network.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Television came to the home of almost every Finn.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[56] Almost all television broadcasts were still black and white; Finland's first color broadcast was Kekkonen's New Year's Speech on 1 January 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1960s, a large number of television insurance policies were sold to replace the home damage caused by the TV crashing, igniting or exploding.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Sales of insurance peaked in 1964, when about 175,000 copies were sold.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The sale of television insurance was discontinued in 1968.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Some of the most popular television programmes in the Sixties were Hanski, a comedy series about the life of a merchant, and Heikki and Kaija, a drama series about the life of a Tamperean wage-earning family.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The period also commemorates the sitcom Hulukkoet, the hidden camera series Nut and Hidden Camera and the drama series The Adventures of Private Svejk and Me Tammelat.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1969, a drama series about suburban life was started on a new major phenomenon at the time.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Domestic sketch series in the 1960s include Lasse Pöysti show, Piikkis and Kivikasvot Show, which started at the end of the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Spede Pasanen scripted several sketch series including 50 Small Minutes, Spede Show and Spedevisio.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The long-running music program Levyraati started in 1961, presented by Jaakko Jahnukainen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Double or Receipt quiz show, presented by Kirsti Rautiainen, was aired throughout the decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Drawer and Puzzle, founded by Niilo Tarvajärvi, were also popular.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

On Sunday evenings, a quarter-long Sunday coffee concert was broadcast, a coffee concert by conductor Toivo Lehtelä and his two daughters.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The 1960s are also remembered for the current affairs pakina programme Apropos, as well as the talk show Overtime, aired as the last programme on every other Saturday night.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The issue programme Topical Kakkonen started in the autumn of 1969 and was aired until 2015.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Niksulan TV aired throughout the decade was Finland's first television children's program.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Another children's programme was the Circus Parrot, broadcast every second Sunday, from 1961 to 1967.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Children's favourites were also Aunt Kylli and Aunt Arja.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At Reporadio Yleisradio, the new Director General Eino S. Repo proclaimed the Declaration of Informational Programme Policy in 1966, based on the provision of a world view based on correct information and facts [57] and encouraged breaking with old traditions and bringing out the taboos of society.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Let's start talking about Reporadio, the politically-coloured state media.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[56] At the same time, left-wing student radicalism gained ground in Yleisradio.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Repo gave ample space to young journalists and their socio-critical programmes, prompting accusations of the politicisation of Yleisradio and bringing it the mock name “Reporadio”.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Broadcasting was also accused of outright support for the left during the 1966 parliamentary elections.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

One of Revo's reforms was the establishment of a Special Editorial Office directly subordinate to the Director General.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The special editorial director was Reino Paasilinna, whose initial programme (“Insurance is a matter of heart”) 1966 created a huge stir in the public eye.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[58] Due to the above considerations, Repo was not elected as Executive Director for a further five-year term.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

He was replaced by Erkki Raatikainen whose period was known as the period of normalization.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[59] Music in the early sixties began to shape youth idols more consciously than before.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In place of the alto leids of the previous decade, many young women with sparkles rose in popularity, such as Laila Kinnunen, Pirkko Mannola, Rauni Pekkala and Marion Rung.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Finland participated in Eurovision for the first time in 1961 with Laila Kinnunen's song Valoa in the window, and the following year Marion Rung represented Finland with her song Tipi-tii.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the beginning of the decade, wireframe music also rose into fashion.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Well-known bands in wireframe music included The Sounds, whose action-packed twist-rhythmic version of the Emma Waltz, released in early 1963, suddenly rose to the top of the sales charts.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Other Wire music hits were notably The Strangers' version of the Russian classic Three Guitars, The Scaffolds' Tullalla twist and The Esquires' Run You Humma.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The tango was also recorded a lot and its main target group was people living in the countryside.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The tango boom was at its most intense coinciding with the wireframe boom, and tango even became its own culture.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the 1960s, the tango was recorded by artists such as Annikki Tähti, Eino Grön, Reijo Taipale, Veikko Tuomi and Olavi Virta, the latter's career was already ending due to illness and alcoholism.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Some of the biggest tango hits were Black Rose sung by Veikko Tuomen and Satumaa, recorded by Reijo Taipale, who put its author Unto Mononen into the front row of Finnish tango composers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Romani youth Taisto Tammi and Markus Allan started the success path of gypsy singers in Finnish iskelmämusic.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A decade marked by radicalism will also be remembered for its protest singers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Irwin Goodman's songs, among others, criticised politicians, taxation and old Finnish attitudes, and described alcohol consumption.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Some of his songs were even banned from radio play.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Irwin's well-known songs include Työmies Saturday (1965), No Drip Way (1966) and Ryysyranta (1967).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

M.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

A. Numminen, on the other hand, recorded gender-education songs and often made a conscious effort to annoy people, for example by interpreting Franz Schubert's lieds in his own singing voice.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The lyrics of songs became more free-spirited, among other things, the use of profanity in songs became more common.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Later bands of The Beatles style conquered Finland as well, little by little supplanting the wireframe craze of 1960—1964.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Among the best known recording artists for Beatles versions were The Esquires, Cay and the Scaffolds, Jormas, and Eero and Jussi and the Boys.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Many artists, including Danny, Lea Laven and Kai Hyttinen, also chose Beatles' hits for their recording repertoire.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Beatles' songs were diligently translated into the Finnish language, exemplified by Jormas Rööper (Penny Lane) (1967), to which Juha Vainio's text brought the same kind of nostalgia the Beatles exerted in the original version for their growing environment in the outskirting city of Liverpool.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the late 1960s, popularity was gained by the pioneer Blues Section of Finnish blues and psychedelic rock, who were known for the band itself composing and lyrics their own songs, unlike the vast majority of Finnish rock groups who made translation scovers of foreign songs.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The new blues-psychedelic-influenced rock music was not very popular in the countryside; it mostly stayed in big cities when foreign vinyl records came to Finland almost invariably a couple of months late after release, unlike in Sweden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[60] Examples of long-line Finnish artists who debuted in the 1960s include Katri Helena, Danny, Hector, Paula Koivuniemi, Kirka and Tapani Kansa.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Katri Helena's breakthrough song was Teleponlangat sings (1964), Danny's Kauä (1965), Hector's Mercenary (1966), Paula Koivuniemi's Butterfly (1966), Kirkan Häkki Läö (1967) and Tapani Kansan Delilah (1968).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The film Sixties was a dramatic period of adolescence in the history of Finnish cinema.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Between 1963 and 1965 there was an actors' strike in Finland, with which traditional studio cinema came to the end of its way.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the same time, the first steps of the new wave were taken, and the Pilot Guard changed radically.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the same time as television became more widespread, cinema attendance decreased in the 1960s with the result that almost half of them closed their doors.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Finnish Film Foundation was founded in 1969.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Years of the Crisis Finnish cinema was in crisis in the early 1960s, but studio production was still high.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Films from the beginning of the decade include iskelmäcavalcades such as Ville Salminen's Toivelauluja (1961) and more daring films with crime and sexual tones, for example Toivo Särinen's Moon is Dangerous (1961) and Åke Lindman's Jengi (1963).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The rillumarei tradition of the previous decade was also continued, among others, with three films built on comedian Eemel, the first of which was Ville Salmisen Oho, said Eemeli (SF, 1960).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

However, the studio production of the early 1960s left cold both audiences and the young generation of critics who grew up in film clubs and film archive screenings of the previous decade.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Åke Lindman debuted as a director in 1961 with his film Tell it to Him..., Mikko Niskanen again in 1962 with his film Poiji.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The decade is also remembered for his “Inspector Palmu” films, four of which appeared in all.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The State Film Award was established in 1961.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the first year, the last blooms of traditional quality production were awarded, Ritva Arvelo's Golden Calf and Jack Witika's Little Peter's Yard.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the future, however, the award specifically promoted the emergence of a new generation of authors and producers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

From early 1963 to the summer of 1965, there was an acting strike in Finland, in which the Finnish Actors Association forbade its members from entering into new film contracts.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The studio period of Finnish cinema is considered to have ended in 1965 when Oy Suomen Filmiteollisuus filed for bankruptcy.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Few films emerged during the strike, including the first Spede film X-Baroni (1964) that started the directorial careers of Risto Jarva and Jaakko Pakkasvirta.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The studio film was replaced by more varied means of expression: auteur-style directors of the “new wave” emerged in the front row of the Directors' Guard, in addition to Jarva and Pakkasvirta, among others Erkko Kivikoski, Maunu Kurkvaara and Eino Ruutsalo.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Instead of studio filming and literary subjects, dispersal began to be dispersed with small film crews in the middle of issues of the present.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The career of film director and screenwriter Aarne Tarkas went down in history: between 1960 and 1966 he directed almost 20 more films, including Branches Away... (1961) and the last Johan now is the market (1966).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Erik Blomberg, Veikko Itkonen, Armand Lohikoski and Toivo Särkkä also made their final directorships.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Maunu Kurkvaara and Eino Ruutsalo can be considered pioneers of modern film aesthetics and a new production model.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Kurkvaara is remembered for her intimate contemporaneous dramas such as Dearest... (1961), Private Area (1962) and Merie's Feasts (1963), as well as reportage films that grappled with topical problems such as Autogirls (1960) and Report aka ballad about ship girls (1964).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In the circumstances of the time, Ruutsalo represented the most drastically experimental and detached aesthetics of story film; his films include Moments in Night (1961) and Jaiuri (1965).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Accounts of the decade The film crisis is considered to have ended in 1966, when Mikko Niskanen directed the film Käpy under the back, which became a big success.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Niskanen broke many taboos, among them sex had not previously been portrayed as spectacularly in a Finnish film.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Another first success of modern cinema was Risto Jarva's Diary of Työmies (1967), which combined fiction and documentary, diving into class society and the pain points of Finnish history.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Jarva's film can also be seen as a starting shot into the participatory period of domestic cinema, which was followed by Jaakko Pakkasvirta's own directorial debut, suburban portrayal Green Widow (1968) and Jarva's society analysis The Time of Roses (1969), set in Jarva's future.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Bold subject choices were also seen in Erkko Kivikoski's most famous film about politic dividing lines (1969) and films about sexual liberation directed by Jörn Donner, such as Sixtynine 69 (1969).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Donner was an exceptional international author, starting his directorial career in Sweden with the film September Sunday (En söndag i September, 1963).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

One of the producers of the decade chose Spede Pasanen, a comedian familiar from radio and television, who is remembered for example in the film Pähkähullu Suomi (1967) directed by Jukka Virtanen.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Spede films were made by a standard group, which included Ere Kokkonen and Jukka Virtanen as directors and screenwriters alongside Pasanen, actors including Vesa-Matti Loiri and Simo Salminen as well as composer Jaakko Salo.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The most watched film of the decade, however, is Edvin Laine's Here Under the North Star (1968), which deals with life in the Finnish countryside in the fold of the 19th and 20th centuries.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The film is still the third most-watched Finnish film of all time with just over million viewers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[61] Sports Ice Hockey World Championships were held for the first time in Finland in 1965; they were held in Tampere at that time.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The Finnish ice hockey national team won its first European Championship medal in 1962 (silver).


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

During the Winter Olympics of the decade, Finns won several gold medals in cross-country skiing.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The most successful Finnish skier of the 1960s is probably three Olympic gold medals and two World Championship gold medals winning Eero Mäntyranta, other Olympic champions include Kalevi Hämäläinen and Väinö Huhtala.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Veikko Kankkonen won one Olympic gold in ski jumping and Kaija Mustonen in speed skating.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Gold at the Summer Olympics has been won by fixture gymnast Eugen Ekman, javelin thrower Pauli Nevala, shooters Pentti Linnosvuo and Väinö Markkanen and weightlifter Kaarlo Kangasniemi.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Among the athletes of the decade are also remembered Pentti Nikula, who jumped the world record in the pole jump at Kauhavava in June 1962, and Olli Mäki, who became European champion of professional boxing lightweight in 1964.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Some of the most successful Finnish motorsports players of the 1960s is at least Timo Mäkinen, who won the Jyväskylä majors in 1965, 1966 and 1967.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Simo Lampinen and Hannu Mikkola were also successful in the rally.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The zoo runs were discontinued in May 1963 due to a serious accident there.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Leisure Due to the rise in living standards and the increasing prevalence of women in employment in particular, the 1960s can be characterised as the breakthrough decade of modern Finnish consumer society.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

TVs were bought in large numbers, and as they became more widespread, watching television became a social pastime.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The whole family often watched TV together, and neighbours were invited to the TV too.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Sports and outdoor pursuits, reading, tourism and various cultural services, from music to theatre, increasingly competed for increasing leisure time.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[62] Tourism also began to increase.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Travel agencies were established at a fast pace: Solar tours were established in 1963, Vingresor or current TUI 1964, Javelin tours 1965 and Tjäreborg 1966.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In particular, club tourism and beach holidays increased in popularity.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1962, the first direct flights were flown from Helsinki to Majorca, Rhodes and Rimini.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Kalevi Jaihänen of Spear Journeys is remembered as a public figure.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[63] Fashion for women of the 1960s included plush, feminine hairstyles as an integral part.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The mini skirt was developed in 1966 and quickly spread to Finland as well.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

It has even been considered a symbol of women's liberation.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Women continued to wear skirts and dresses more often than trousers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Kajal makeup pens used to draw beauty spots on the skin.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The hippie movement was beached in Finland in the second half of the decade, especially with wide-leg trousers, colourful clothing, collars and long hair in both sexes.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Otherwise, long hair in men was quite unusual.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Marimekko first made headlines worldwide in 1960 when the first lady of the United States, Jacqueline Kennedy, known for her style, became enamored with the brand's dresses.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[64] Food and drink The struggle with food shortages caused by Halla and loss had gone down in history.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Some of the most popular dishes in the 1960s included mince and sausage dishes, liver dishes, soup and box dishes, and white sauce.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[65] A bun was still often enjoyed at breakfast.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

New foods came to Finland, including yogurt, milkash, chicken and ketchup.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Consumption of vegetables and fruits began to rise as the supply of fresh and frozen vegetables increased and at the same time they began to be educated as healthy.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

At the same time, meat consumption also rose sharply, but consumption of milk and rye, for example, had declined.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Bread was often baked at home.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[66] Refrigerators quickly became widespread.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In 1964 Finnish households owned 578,000 refrigerators and 4,000 freezers.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Several farmhouses did not yet have a fridge, but a freezer was instead quickly acquired after it came to market to provide good preservation of large quantities of butchery meat and crop from one's own garden.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

In rural areas, self-sufficiency flourished still strong.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[67] A novelty of the previous decade, supermarkets, became heavily prevalent in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

With them, there was no need to spend as much time as before on food sourcing.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Milk was often sold in plastic bags.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

[68] The first pizzerias were established in Finland in the 1960s.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Going to restaurants was still rare, and strict alcohol laws held back the development of restaurant culture.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

Middle beer was released in 1969, after which the number of anniskels restaurants began to increase in rural areas.


Question: What decade did Finland have the so-called great hunger years?

Finland in the 1960s

The release of middle beer brought alcohol consumption to a sharp rise, but the public was still widely unaware of the dangers of alcoholism.