Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

In addition to official figures, there is a large number of people living in the city illegally in Shenzhen.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

They often change locality seasonally, temporarily doing the jobs on offer.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

Because of their position, they can't take advantage of many public services.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

[10] Shenzhen's main language is, unlike the rest of the surrounding area, Cantonese Chinese instead of Mandarin Chinese.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

The difference is due to the large number of movers in the city area.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

However, a large proportion of young people in particular also speak Cantonese Chinese and English.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

[2] Education in Shenzhen operates a total of 12 higher education institutions with a total of 91900 students in 2016.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

Universities operating in the city include Shenzhen University and South University of Science and Technology of China.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

The Chinese University of Hong Kong opened a campus area in Shenzhen in 2014 and the University City of Shenzhen is home to companies such as Tsinghua University, Peking University and Sun Yat-sen University.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

There were 337 primary schools in Shenzhen in 2016 and 911000 students in them.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

[11] Sports The city organised the 2011 Summer Universiades.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

More than 7500 athletes from 152 countries participated in the competitions.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

[12] Larger sports complexes in Shenzhen include the Universiade Center and the Shenzhen Bay Sports Center.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

Shenzhen Football Club is the local football club.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

Sporting events held in the city include the WTA Shenzhen Open, the ATP 250 Shenzhen Open and the Shenzhen International Marathon.


Question: How big is Shenzhen's surface area?

Shenzhen

[13] Sources on the topic elsewhere * Category:Key articles on screening


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Vladimir Ilyich Lenin (; usually V.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

I. Lenin), from the original name Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, () (22 April (J: 10 April) 1870 Simbirsk — 21 January 1924, Gorky) was a Russian revolutionary, leader of the Bolshevik Party and founder of Leninist ideology.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The name Lenin was originally one of Vladimir Ulyanov's revolutionary pseudonyms, [1] which according to one explanation is a variant of the Siberian Lena River.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[2] Early years Lenin's father Ilya Nikolaevich Ulyanov (1831—1886) was a Russian civil servant.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

From his world of thought, he was libertarian and served as his goal the promotion of democracy in Russia and, for example, free universal education.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The genus was originally called Ulyanin and in background according to some sources Mordavian [3] [4], some sources claim Chuvassi [5].


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's mother, Maria Aleksandrovna Blank (1835—1916), was also known as a libertarian.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Through the mother, in Lenin's ancestry, German blood heritage can be found on the maternal side of the mother, the mother father, in turn, was Alexander Blank, a Jew who converted to Christianity.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In addition, Lenin is said to have had a Kalmuk or Kyrgyz pedigree on his paternal side and his mother's maternal mother was of Swedish ancestry that migrated to Peter.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[5] [4] Lenin's father died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1886 when Lenin was only sixteen years old.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin was baptized into the Russian Orthodox Church.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

At the age of 16, however, he converted to atheist after becoming acquainted with 18th-century Enlightenment philosophy.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's interest in Enlightenment information theory was evident in his later works.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[6] Studies and Political Awakening In May 1887, Lenin's eldest brother, Aleksandr, who was involved in the narodnik movement, was hanged for taking part in an assassination attempt on Emperor Alexander III.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This caused Lenin to become radicalised, and after taking part in student protests, he was arrested and expelled still that same year from Kazan University.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin continued to study independently, learning five foreign languages, Latin, Greek, German, French and English, among others.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[7] In 1891 he obtained the right to act as a lawyer.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin, however, did not stay on for a career in law, but joined revolutionary activities and ran Marxist study clubs, concentrating their activities in Saint Petersburg for the most part.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

As a result of his revolutionary activities, he was arrested on 7 December 1895 and held by the authorities for a year.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He was then deported for three years to Siberia to the village of Šušensko in Yeniseisk Governorate.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

There, the deportees were allowed quite peacefully to continue their literary works and enter into cooperative relations with each other.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[8] Šušenskoje was also exiled by Finnish revolutionary Oskar Engberg, with whom Lenin became friends.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the deportation period of July 10 of 1898, Lenin married socialist activist Nadežda Krupskaya.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[9] In 1899 he published a work on The Development of Capitalism in Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The book was published under the pseudonym Vladimir Iljin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The work dealt comprehensively with the national economy of the Empire, largely drawing on the views of Georgi Plekhanov, the founder of Russian Marxism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[10] In 1900, Lenin's deportation sentence ended.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He traveled in Russia and then traveled to Zurich, Switzerland, where he met Georgi Plekhanov.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

With this and Aleksandr Potresov, he planned to establish the magazine Iskra.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After founding the magazine, Lenin travelled to Nuremberg, Germany, to negotiate with his friends belonging to the Social Democratic Party of Germany.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The following autumn he spent in Munich editing the magazine Iskra, the first editions of which were small, amounting to a few hundred copies.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Iskra magazines were smuggled across the German, Austrian and Turkish borders into Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[11] [12] Lenin's wife Nadežda Krupskaya arrived in Munich on 1 April 1901 and Nadežda's mother Yelizaveta Vasilyevna in May 1901.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Nadežda took care of Iskra's correspondence and Yelizaveta Vasilyevna assisted in writing letters in secret language.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[13] Lenin moved the 1902 editorial staff of Iskra magazine from Munich to London after noticing their actions were being monitored by the Bavarian police.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[14] In the autumn of 1902, Lev Trotski, who fled Siberia, met Lenin in London and Lenin suggested him to be a member of the editorial board of the magazine “Iskra”, following Georgi Plekhanov's objection to this.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[15] Juli Martov, a member of the editorial board of Iskra magazine, proposed at the Second Assembly to move the editorial staff of the magazine to Geneva in Switzerland due to Georgi Plekhanov.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin voted against this proposal with all the other members supporting it.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In April 1903, the editorial staff of Iskra magazine moved to Geneva.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The genesis of the Bolshevik Party, Lenin rose to an influential position within the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Between 1901 and 1902, Lenin wrote a book entitled What Must Be Done, which dealt with a pure-docile Marxist view of the party's organisational problems.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This book he wrote under the pseudonym N. Lenin, by which he was known ever since.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The book received a highly mixed reception in Marxist circles.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The book became a political classic of the 20th century and has been said to have led to the controversy that allowed the Communist Party to emerge.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[16] [17] The organizing committee of the Assembly, established in March 1902, decided, with Lenin as one to decide which groups in Europe and Russia were allowed to participate in the second Belgian assembly of the party in Brussels.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin had arranged for Iskra delegates to the Assembly a majority.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[18] The assembly was begun on 17 July 1903, but due to inconvenience caused by the Belgian police, the meeting was moved to England, London, where the meeting was held at the Church of the Brotherhood on 30 July 1902 and continued still at the English Club in Charlotte Street.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The meeting dealt with the party's programme, the agra issue, and party rules.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The debates over the leadership of the party ended with the victory of Lenin and Plekhanov's vision, causing representatives of the Bund and other factions to march out of the meeting.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin referred to his victorious group as the Majority, or Bolsheviks, and the losing Juli Martov group as the Minorities, or Mensheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[19] At this meeting, the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Russia was established, Gleb Krzizanovski, F.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

V. Lengnik and V.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

A. Noskov.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The editorial council of Iskra magazine now had only Juli Martov, Lenin and Georgi Plekhanov instead of the former seven members.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

At the Assembly of the Foreign Union of Russian Socialists held in Geneva in October 1903, after Juli Mortov attacked Lenin, Georgi Plekhanov switched to the side of Juli Mortov and the Mensheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Axelrod and Martov accused Lenin of seeking to make the party a force of generals without an army.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[20] The Bolsheviks now became a minority, Lenin resigned from Iskra and the party council.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[21] Lenin founded Vperyod magazine (Forward) together with Anatoly Lunatsarsky and Bogdanov.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On December 22, 1904, the magazine began its appearance.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[22] In 1903, Lenin headed the Bolshevik section following its separation from the Mensheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[23] This division was largely due to Lenin's pamphlet What is to be done?.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The party should be limited exclusively to professional revolutionaries, Lenin wanted the other working people and sympathetic idealists out of the party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The party should also be made tightly centralist in order to be capable of revolution.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[24] [25] Lenin had noticed that the workers themselves did not have the common will demanded by the revolution, because under capitalism their conditions had improved slightly.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin admitted this was not due to capitalism but to the colonies (imperialism) and said the improvement in conditions was a form of bribery of workers.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Later, Lenin was also persuaded by Lev Trotsky that instead of working people, the repeal would only succeed from the professional revolutionaries, resulting in Trotsky, who remained with the Mensheviks, eventually switched sides.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[26] The Mensheviks operated more by the law of Western European parties, while the Bolsheviks were a fighting organization that sought to overthrow the Tsarist power through terror, among other things.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The most prominent leaders of the Mensheviks were Juli Martov, Georgi Plekhanov and Vera Zasulich.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Bolsheviks were later joined by many of the former Mensheviks including Lev Trotski, whose skills contributed to the success of the October Revolution, and Aleksandra Kollontai.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[27] The Mensheviks kept party membership open and also cooperated with other parties and its members later even ended up in another interim government headed by Aleksandr Kerensky.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[28] Lenin was in Genve from late 1904 to early 1905.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[29] Russia had started a war against Japan in 1904 and the war had turned to a loss at the end of the year.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Eserrie had been murdered by Home Secretary V.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

K. Plehwen in the summer of 1904.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[30] On 9 January 1905, St. Petersburg workers marched under priest Georgi Gapon to take a supplication to the Winter Palace to Emperor Nicholas II to convene the Legislative Assembly.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Among other things, the petition envisaged bringing about the Progressive Income Tax and Labor Protection Act legislation and ending the Russo-Japanese War.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In front of the marchers marched Orthodox Church priest Georgi Gapon.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Upon reaching near the Winter Palace, they were instructed to disperse, but continued their march, and soldiers opened fire, killing dozens of people.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Every part of Russia began to strike and riots arose.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[31] The Bolshevik Central Committee convened the Third Assembly in 1905.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Mensheviks; Plekhanov, Yuri Martov and other Iskrans who did not agree to attend the London meeting met in Geneva.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The London meeting was attended by Bolsheviks and a few Menshevik delegates.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The meeting was initiated on 12 April 1905 in a secret chamber, the place of which is unknown, with Lenin expressing strident opinions during the meetings, leading the Mensheviks to say Lenin had betrayed Marxism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin insisted that the party should take advantage of the revolutionary situation that has arisen and the party must therefore change its policies.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[32] Lenin travelled with Nadežda Krupskaya from Geneva via Germany to Stockholm, from where they travelled by steamship to Helsinki, arriving by train in Saint Petersburg on 8 November 1905.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

During his time in St. Petersburg, Lenin wrote newspaper articles and maintained contacts with his fellow party members, visiting to speak at party events and people's assemblies.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin, among other things, urged Bolshevik departments to take active action.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[33] In December 1905, the Social Democratic Labour Party held a party conference in Tampere, where Lenin and Stalin met each other for the first time.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After the Russian Revolution of 1905 in December in Moscow, an armed coup attempt by the Bolsheviks failed and Lenin was forced to go into exile in Finland for security reasons in 1907.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin lived several times in Finland thereafter and travelled in Europe, attending various socialist meetings and other activities.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[34] Lenin began collaborating with the Mensheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Menševiks opposed many of Lenin's views, but Lenin supported their proposal to participate in the electoral campaign in the Caucasus.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The party's central committee now included seven Mensheviks and three Bolsheviks, but Lenin was not among them.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Bolshevik group established a secret Bolshevik centre, of which Lenin, Bogdanov and Leonid Krasinin were elected as members.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[35] On the Finnish side of Kuokkala, the Bolshevik group established their base in the large two-storey Villa Vasa villa, where Lenin and a few other Bolsheviks worked for 15 months.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

From Kuokkala, Lenin traveled to important meetings held in Finland and London, as well as in Stuttgart, Russia Lenin no longer travelled until 1917.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[36] [37] Lenin had achieved his political goals for the Mensheviks and ceased cooperation in 1907.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[38] From Kuokkala, Lenin and other Bolsheviks were forced to leave in June 1907, a new Bolshevik center was established in Paris.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[39] February Revolution The humiliations and shortages of the First World War brought the tsarist power to the bottom of its popularity.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Yet as recently as January 1917, Lenin estimated that the tsar power would not be overthrown in his lifetime.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[40] [41] In the February Revolution of 1917, the Duma took power in its hands and installed a provisional government.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

It was led by Prince Georgi Lvov of the Liberal Democratic Cadet Party and nine other ministers of the Cadet Party due to the liberal majority in the Duma.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[42] Since the Petrograd Council was already as significant, or more significant, a centre of power than the government, the Council's second-in-command, Aleksandr Kerenski of the Socialist Revolutionaries, was included in the government as the sole socialist.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Provisional Government gave human rights to the people, abolished censorship and the death penalty, and released political prisoners but did not bend to German peace terms, where all parties, down to socialist ones, supported it.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, the people were still extremely dissatisfied with the continuing war, which over the months took away the government's favour.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[43] Back to Russia 1917, the German government saw its opportunity and sent Lenin through Finland to Russia to make a revolution so that the country would break away from the war.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

With permission from the German government, Lenin was able to travel from Switzerland in a “sealed train” through Germany to Sweden and from there on to Finland.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[44] Despite “sealing” in July, SR's Kerenski, who received the Prime Minister's seat from the Liberals, later claimed Lenin as an agent for the Germans.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[45] [46] On 16 April 1917, Lenin arrived in Saint Petersburg (at that time Petrograd) at the Finnish Station and took command of the Bolshevik movement, berating the Pravda journalists Lev Kamenev and Josif Stalin, who supported the Provisional Government.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin positioned himself in the April Theses to support Soviet rule, although the Bolsheviks did not yet have significant power in the councils.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[47] October Revolution The Bolsheviks already attempted a coup d'état under Trotsky's plans in July, but the attempt failed.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

At that time, rumours circulated within the machine-gun company supporting the Bolsheviks that the unit would be moved to the front against Germany.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The regimental assembly urged the soldiers to revolt and the Matruses moved on to ships and set out to take control of Petersburg.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The force headed for the Bolshevik headquarters at Krzezińska Palace, where Lenin was required to take the leadership.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On the way to the Tauria Palace to demand the Council take control, Viktor Chernov, the leader of the SR, was met, who was being taken to be shot, but Trotsky had him rescued.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Eventually, troops from the front laid siege to Krzezińska Palace and the Provisional Government ordered the Bolshevik leaders Lenin, Trotsky, Zinovyev, Kamenev and Lunazharski arrested.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[48] The Liberals soon withdrew from the government and it remained to the Socialists with Kerensky in charge.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

With the failure of the invasion planned by Kerenski and the loss of one hundred thousand men by the army, the position of the Provisional Government was further weakened.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Kerenski feared that accusations against the Bolsheviks would strengthen the right, and the Bolshevik newspapers were allowed to continue appearing, and the Red Guards were not disarmed.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[49] Commander-in-Chief Lavr Kornilov demanded full powers to restore order and prevent a Bolshevik capture and sent Krymov's cavalry army corps to Saint Petersburg.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The provisional government interpreted this as a rebellion and Kerenski asked for help from “all democratic forces”, including the Bolsheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Bolsheviks were allowed to arm their Red Guards and the matruses of the armoured canister cruiser Aurora were called in to defend the Winter Palace.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After the Kornilov rebellion, Bolsheviks began to be released from prisons and the leaders returned, except for Lenin, who was hiding in Finland.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[50] In September, Lenin sent letters announcing that the moment of the uprising had come.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The provisional government experienced its last defeats as the Germans occupied the Baltic islands, and Kronstadt and Peter were preparing for the attack and the evacuation of the city was being prepared.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The palaces of the Grand Dukes began to be looted and rebellion was already widely spoken of.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Trotsky was named president of the St. Petersburg Council.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

An armed clash ensued between the garrison and the government as the government sought to move the unreliable troops to the front.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[51] The Bolsheviks started a revolt under Trotsky.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Its centre was the former Institute of Noble Maidens in Smolna.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The hijacking proceeded discreetly, encountering no resistance whatsoever.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The force of perpetrators was quite small, among them some thousands of garrison soldiers and some hundreds of Bolsheviks, but the Kerensky government had become so weak that opposition was nonexistent and the subversion actually bloodless.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Overnight, Lenin convened a central committee to form a government.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Ministers were appointed People's Commissars on the model of the Great French Revolution.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin proposed Trotsky as chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, but this was refused, among other things, because of his Jewishness and Lenin took the position.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

For Trotsky came foreign affairs.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[52] On the same evening, the Second Pan-Russian Assembly of Workers' and Soldiers' Councils began in the Smolna Ballroom.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Trotsky declared the Provisional Government had ceased to exist and the Lenin Workers' and Peasants' Revolution had won.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the meantime, the provisional government was still sitting in the Winter Palace, from where Kerenski fled to the front in search of reinforcements.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The defenders of the Winter Palace quietly went away, and at last a single shot was fired from the Aurora cannon and the Winter Palace was overrun and the ministers were hurtled into the Peter — Paul Fortress.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[45] [53] With the leadership of Soviet-Russia, the Bolshevik Party blessed the land distributions made by many village communities already in the summer of 1917, but in a couple of months it stripped power from the councils, trade unions, socialist parties, block committees and others, which had independently fought against the old power.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In December, extensive strikes against the Bolsheviks ensued.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin set up the secret police of the Czech Republic on 20 December 1917 to pursue “opponents of the revolution”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[54] On November 8, 1917, Lenin was elected Speaker of the Council of People's Commissars, or leader of Soviet-Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin wanted to make immediate peace with the Germans, while many other Bolsheviks judged the war to lead to revolution in Germany too, and Lenin did not win approval for Germany's strict peace terms until Germany took over the Baltics and drew closer to Saint Petersburg.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty of 3 March 1918, Soviet-Russia gave up the Baltic states, its territories in Poland, Ukraine and Finland.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[55] [56] Lenin bans other parties in the elections to the Constituent National Assembly held on 25 November 1917, the Bolsheviks received only 25% of the vote.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Socialist-Revolutionary Party (SR) emerged as the largest party, receiving about 40% of the vote.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, the left wing of the SR party, or Left Socialist-Revolutionaries, were allied with the Bolsheviks and Lenin sent the Matruses who supported the Bolsheviks to close the Constituent Assembly on 19 January 1918.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[57] Instead of a Constitutional Assembly, the Bolsheviks declared their government accountable to the councils (“sovjet”), in whose assembly Bolsheviks and Left-SRs gained a majority of over 90%.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Bolsheviks formed a government together with the Left-SRs who supported them, but subsequently dissatisfied with the Peace Treaty (3 March 1918), the Left-SR:S began to oppose the Bolsheviks.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[58] In an effort by all non-Bolshevik groups (socialist and non-socialist) to counter Bolshevik power aspirations, Lenin imprisoned or shot their members as well as disbanded organizations.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In July, the Left-SR:S Jakov Bljumkin assassinated the German envoy, Count von Mirbach, with the intention of restarting the war against Germany.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On the same occasion, the party staged a revolt in Moscow, where the government had relocated.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On 30 August, the SRs assassinated Bolshevik leaders Moisei Uritsky and V.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Volodarsky.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[59] An assassination attempt on August 30, 1918, Lenin was shot three times by socialist revolutionary Faina Kaplan; this wounded but healed.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The incident may still have contributed to the subsequent deterioration of Lenin's health.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[60] Kaplan, who belonged to the Left-SRs, had served life imprisonment 1906—1917 for the attempted assassination of a Tsarist official.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He supported the Constitutional Assembly and regarded Lenin as a traitor to the revolution.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

It is estimated that Kaplan acted on his own initiative.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[61] Even under interrogation by the Czech Republic, Kaplan refused to reveal his accomplices, so he was shot on 3 September 1918.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On the same day, in the Izvestiya magazine, the Bolsheviks demanded to “crush the hydra of the counter-revolution with massive terror”, and on September 5, the Czech Republic, led by Polish Feliks Dzerzhinsky, issued an order for “red terror.” In the following months, 800 SR and other opponents of the trial were also executed.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Over time the numbers only went up, even the official figures spoke of thousands, some estimates of 200,000 victims.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Socialist-Revolutionary Party was banned.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The Mensheviks were allowed to resume operations in November after pledging to remain loyally in the opposition.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[62] Civil War The Russian Civil War broke out in a way in May—June 1918, six months after the revolution, initially in cities along the Volga between the councils supporting the Bolsheviks and the Czechoslovak Legion assembled from Austro-Hungarian prisoners of war.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The fighting encouraged the SR opposition to set up a committee in Samara for the Saving of the Constitutional Assembly (Комуч).


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This prompted the Bolsheviks to expel the SRs and Mensheviks from local councils.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In turn, the Cadet Party convened in July 1918 in Omsk, establishing the Siberian Provisional Government.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

These parties even allied themselves in Ufa in September, but Admiral Kolchak declared himself supreme leader and expelled the Socialists.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[63] In actual terms, the Civil War is considered to have broken out in March 1919.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

White armies made up of mixed groups (including those supporting the Tsarist power, Cossacks) fought against the Red Army, supported by Western powers.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The White Guard initially achieved significant success, but by early 1920 the Red Army had virtually defeated the Whites and the war was largely over, though with Pyotr Wrangel's forces in Crimea the Red Army could not reach the end of the year.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The 1919 victories in the civil war had prompted the Red Army to attack Poland, which had conquered Ukraine, with the intention of reaching as far as Germany.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Former Emperor Nicholas II was executed and his family in July 1918 in Yekaterinburg with Lenin certainly aware of the order.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[64] Lenin claimed capitalism was linked to imperialism and in 1917 declared unlimited sovereignty for all peoples and minorities.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, when after the civil war he had the strength to limit it, he also did so and conquered the independents of Armenia, Georgia and Azerbaijan.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[65] The radical transition to socialism, the Tsarist reign of terror had formally executed 3932 people between 1825 and 1917 through legal trials in which “defence lawyers had at least the same amount of speaking power as the prosecutors”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Under Lenin, the Bolsheviks exceeded this number in four months (by March 1918).


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[66] However, it should be noted that most of the people killed by the Tsars never came to official knowledge.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[65] The Bolsheviks violently attacked the opposition, and Lenin did not prevent the execution of numerous executions.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[67] After the February Revolution, the Liberal Provisional Government had abolished capital punishment, released political prisoners and declared freedoms of speech, printing and assembly.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, these freedoms were of no use to the people in the squalid conditions created by prolonged war and famine.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After the revolution, Lenin saw no reason to restore these rights, as it could have harmed the young communist regime.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He is reported to have intended to restore these rights at a later date when conditions have leveled and socialism materialised at will.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[68] Russia, under the leadership of the tsar, had fought a war in which more than a million Russians had fallen in the preceding three years.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Most of those killed were forced recruited rowmen, used in World War I battles mainly as cannon fodder.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Civilian losses caused directly and indirectly by the war, which have not been reliably statised, were also not negligible.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Despite its liberal domestic political line, the Provisional Government sought to continue this same war effort during 1917.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The final nail in this coffin was the miserably unsuccessful summer of 1917 and the lives of up to 400,000 Russians claimed by the invasion of Kerensk, as a result of which the Russian army practically collapsed.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Opposing the war was Lenin's main goals, and he wanted to end it as soon as possible.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[69] Lenin was very harsh on his opponents.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Even in his speeches before the revolution, he had vowed to destroy the bourgeoisie class altogether.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

For this reason, he meticulously intervened in countless details of persecutions, as evidence of which his numerous letters have survived.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

For example, in his letter on August 10, 1918, Lenin wrote: In support of this, Lenin commanded to exclude “kulaks” (peasants), priests and burghers into concentration camps on the basis of social class or profession, regardless of their actions.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[70] An instruction from the Czech Republic of 1 November 1918 read: Lenin wrote in 1917: Discontent leads to revolts Soviet-Russian leadership began a radical transition to socialism on 13 May 1918 by forming huge command municipalities to confiscate the extras of the peasants foods.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Members of the commanding municipalities received a portion for themselves as a reward, plus money.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Thus, incentives were taken away from the peasants.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This did not prove to be a good solution, as food production collapsed and food shortages worsened further.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[71] There was no satisfaction among the people with the way socialism was implemented.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Shortage, economic collapse and hunger prompted countless revolts of peasants, sailors and even laborers across the country, occasionally with hay pitchforks and spears against cannons and machine guns.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[72] The uprisings were suppressed by, among other things, shooting protesters, declaring lockouts against striking workers and arresting them and opposition activists, bombing and burning villages, using chemical weapons and hanging suspects, and closing dozens thousands of rebel family members held hostage to concentration camps (mainly women, children and the elderly).


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[73] Lenin himself said the mistreatment of the innocent bothered him, but did not interfere in these matters.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

For him was the most important goal and he gave orders separately to destroy opposition demonstrations.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

For example, about the most famous of the peasants, namely the Tambov Revolt (where there had been calls for the abolition of confiscations and the Czech Republic, free elections and freedom of trade), Lenin wrote to the Czech Republic: This movement must be crushed sooner and in such a way as to make an example as possible clear.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[74] These participants in the rebellion were clearly harmful to the construction of socialism and representatives of the opposition.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

An army of over 30,000 men led by General Mikhail Tuhachevsky took two years (1919—21) to destroy the resistance despite superior armament and brutal grip.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The concentration camps of the Tambov rebellion held 50,000 “hostages” et al and the death rate was 15— 20% per month.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Although the Tambov Rebellion had also arisen spontaneously, unlike other uprisings it was orchestrated as systematic by SR's former active Aleksandr Antonov.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[75] Famine The radical transition to socialism scuppered the country's economy, and in 1921 the Great Famine arose.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Despite food shipments from Western countries, at least five million people perished from starvation in 1921—22.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the earlier famine of 1891, Lenin himself had lived in the famine zone but resisted giving food aid.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

His friend A. Beljakov recalled in his book “The Youth of the Road Setter”: [76] In a letter to Politburo members on 19 March 1922, he explained, in his characteristic cynical way, how famine could be exploited New Economic Policy (NEP) Socialism did not materialized in Russia nearly as easily as Lenin had perhaps imagined.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[77] The peasants did not want to give their cereals for the benefit of the whole people, because food was short anyway.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The laborers, on the other hand, did not want to work for small or entirely missing wages.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

You couldn't build a socialist society without funds.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Because of this, Lenin launched a new economic policy, the NEP, in which he restored partial private ownership in the hope that the land would prosper and then be able to transition to a socialist model of society.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Factories were returned to the possession of the private and the peasants were guaranteed the right of ownership and sale to their own products.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[57] In 1928, the Soviet economy reached pre-World War I levels, but at that time, Stalin disbanded the NEP despite opposition from a minority of the party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

It is alleged that Lenin had intended the NEP to be longer term.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Admittedly, it was already put forward in 1920 by Lev Trotski (who later advocated for its abolition), but at that time the motion was rejected.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In his books, however, Lenin has implied that NEP was meant to be short-lived.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[78] Death of Lenin In May 1922 Lenin had his first heart attack, after a December seizure he left active politics.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In May 1923, Lenin, on the advice of a doctor, moved to a villa in Gorky near Moscow.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the Kremlin, he visited only a few times before his death in January 1924.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The cause of death was apparently a hardening of the cerebral vessels, atherosclerosis, and a part of the cause was a Kaplan bullet preserved in his neck.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[60] In his “Will”, Lenin criticised all senior figures of the Central Committee, but it was not read at the party conference.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Stalin was allowed to keep his Secretary-General seat, granted in 1922, and emerged victorious in debates and infighting.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[79] After his death, Lenin's body was embalmed and placed on display in a mausoleum built on the edge of Red Square.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[80] The embalming of Lenin was chiefly an idea of Stalin admired by Lenin, as Stalin regarded Lenin as a divine teacher.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin himself would have liked to be buried in all the silence.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin, in 1924, doubted Stalin's prowess as a leader.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He considered Stalin too crude to lead the Communist Party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[81] Lenin and Finland Lenin often acted from Finland during their expulsion.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In Finland, Lenin had supporters and also friends.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin expressed his sympathy for Finland's independence for the first time at meetings held in Tampere in 1905 and 1906.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The meetings were held in the same house where Lenin for the first time met his future successor Josif Stalin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Today, that house houses the Lenin Museum unique to the West.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The museum has been proposed to be turned into a museum for victims of totalitarianism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[82] In Helsinki, Lenin lived at the following addresses: [83] Vironkatu 7, November 1905 Liisankatu 19, February 1906 Vuorimiehenkatu 35, March—April 1906 Yläänkötie 8, Oulunkylä, autumn 1907 K. H. Wiikin street, Malmi, one night in August 1917 Sörnäinen Rantatie 1 B, August—September 1917 Fredrikinkatu 64, August—September 1917 Töölönkatu 46, September 1917 After the revolution, Lenin incited the Finnish SDP in his letters to carry out an armed revolution in Finland and sent Stalin to the party conference to support his demands.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, the party convention of the SDP voted against this on 26 November 1917 by a vote of 59 to 43; [84] a similar decision was already taken by the Labour Revolutionary Central Council on 10 November by a vote of 18—8).


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After the Parliament of Finland declared Finland unilaterally independent with a bourgeois majority on 6 December, Lenin recognised Finland's independence on 31 December 1917.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Various assessments have been given as to why Lenin accepted bourgeois Finland's independence.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The most obvious are the ideological reasons enshrined in Lenin's party programme, which also led to a number of other countries — including Estonia and Ukraine — gaining independence from Soviet Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin has been shown to have hoped for a revolution in Finland that would return Finland to Soviet Russia again.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The request of the Finnish SDP may also have played a role.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin issued orders to supply weapons “for the Finnish proletariat” on 7 January 1918 - 10,000 rifles and on 17 January 1918 - 25,000 rifles to the “Commissar of the Finnish Railway”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[85] Lenin declared in his closing speech to the General Russian Conference of the Councils on 30 January 1918 that Finland was the circumference power of revolutionary Russia and in confederation with it, in the way of the International.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[85] In Finland, Lenin's position as a confessor of independence has been emphasised above all by leftists.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Ideologically, those on another stance see it as a falsification of history.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[86] Recognition of Finnish independence was not an end in itself for Len, but was primarily a means of facilitating the implementation of the socialist revolution in Finland.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[87] After World War II, the Finns, citing recognition, said “Lenin gave Finland independence” so that the followers of this would not dare “take it away”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[88] The character of Lenin has been presented by Lenin's supporters as a humane and gentle Soviet leader.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[78] Lenin was hardly nationalistic, but, in accordance with Marx's doctrines, advocated internationalism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin thought Soviet Russia was the first piece of the communist ideal world.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[78] He considered that he built it best by destroying the obstructionists, namely the bourgeoisie, the clergy and the upper class.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He condoned violence against these “enemies of the working people.”


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This contrasts with the pacifist and gentle image given of Lenin, but Lenin felt that he thought primarily in the interest of the Russian ruling population.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On the other hand, studies have also appeared in Finland describing Lenin as mainly a petty criminal and an inherently anarchist “professional revolutionary” in nature.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

This is also accompanied by the emphasis that the original and driving force behind Lenin's actions was personal bitterness and outright antagonism towards the prevailing system.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[89] Lenin and Stalin Lenin met Josif Stalin for the first time in 1905 at the Bolshevik Conference in Tampere.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[90] In 1913, Stalin wrote his renowned book Marxism and the Issue of Nationality, which Lenin considered so brilliant that he wanted to publish it as the party's official political programme.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[91] There were almost no political differences between Lenin and Stalin, and Stalin considered himself a student of Lenin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the party's debates, Stalin almost invariably joined Lenin's side in opposing, among others, the former Menshevik Trotsky and other opposition.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In 1922, Stalin was appointed general secretary of the party at the suggestion of Lenin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[92] After Lenin fell ill, doctors denied him political activity, and Stalin was appointed by the Politburo of the party as an information broker.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

During this time, Stalin quarreled with Lenin's spouse Nadežda Krupskaya.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Upon hearing of the dispute, Lenin took offence and dictated his “will”, in which he criticised Stalin's manners and criticised other leading figures in the party as well.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After Lenin's death, the “will” was read at the Bolsheviks 13th party congress and the councillors willed Stalin to continue as the party's secretary-general.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[93] Even Trotsky did not oppose the continuation of Stalin's leadership.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[94] Worldview and Politics Lenin's worldview had taken shape in the last decades of the nineteenth century, and he subsequently reckoned that there was no longer much intellectual or informational to give him in the 20th century.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[95] Instead, he focused on Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Georgi Plekhanov and Karl Kautsky, for the last two of whom he later turned his back.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin, however, admired Niccolò Machiavelli and Charles Darwin (his study in the Kremlin had a small monkey-shaped table ornament reading Darwin's name), later returned to Aristotle as well, and discovered during World War I G. W. F. Hegel and the German war theorist Carl von Clausewitz, who left their own marks in Lenin's thinking.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

As his absolute paragons, he regarded Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, and himself as the only true and irreplaceable interpreter of Marx.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[95] The relationship with Friedrich Nietzsche's moral philosophy was ambivalent.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[96] Lenin was essentially a theorist and disliked the sensibility of politics.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Therefore, he also stressed the leading role of intellectuals in politics, considering foreign the idea that the working people themselves would govern themselves.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He was not really in touch with the poor, but regarded statistics and studies of personal experiences as a more true description of the living conditions of the Russian people.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[95] Based on these statistics and studies, he, among other things, suggested that Russia was already a capitalist country in the 1860s.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's character traits also included a strong confidence that he was always right.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

He trusted himself, and this is how he ended up leading the revolution.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[97] Lenin speculated that the “democratic dictatorship of the proletariat” he called for (see:


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

dictatorship of the proletariat) would especially appeal to the lower social class.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

At the same time, he believes it would also be the most effective way to safeguard general civil liberties and economic development.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin initially advocated the model of two-stage revolution commonly put forward by Russian Marxists: first a democratic and capitalist state, followed by a socialist revolution and finally communism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, as the revolution progressed, he did not commit to this, but moved quickly to implement in Russia his own model of socialism.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[98] Bolsheviks sought to gain popular favour for their party by participating in general propaganda, as well as in the activities of the Reich Duma and other general decision-making.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

According to some claims, the Russian secret police Ohrana also provided Lenin with an opportune opportunity.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Ohrana was somewhat well-informed about the mutual disputes between socialist revolutionaries and sought to foment the polemic that ripped the party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Ohrana supported the Bolsheviks position in Russia also by imprisoning Mensheviks and other opponents of Lenin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[99] During World War I, Lenin adopted the position that socialists should oppose all warring governments and the workers of every country had to oppose their own country's war effort.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin emphasized the Marx doctrine that proletarians have no homeland: thus, the primary sympathy and assistance of the Russian laborers should have been directed towards other laborers — including those of enemy countries — and not the bourgeoisie of their own country.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's internationalism was also emphasized by the International, which was chosen as the national anthem


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin believed the Russian Revolution would expand very quickly into a global socialist revolution.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[100] Lenin's death and legacy Lenin was paralyzed from his right side in May 1922 and retired definitively from political life as early as December of the same year.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin, due to his stroke, found his condition hopeless and asked Stalin to poison himself, which Stalin refused.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[101] Upon Lenin's death in January 1924, his body was embalmed and is still on display in his mausoleum in Moscow's Red Square.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Petrograd, formerly Sankt-Peterburg (Saint Petersburg) was named Leningrad after Lenin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The name was changed back to Sankt-Peterburg only after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Known as Leninism, the system of doctrine was formulated on the basis of his works and was later made into a kind of state religion.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

All this happened against Lenin's own wishes.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[102] However, his understanding of popular power was different from that of, say, Western democracy or the social democratic system.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin opposed grassroots democracy and a multi-party system.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[103] He opposed the 1917 idea of a country ruled by democratic, people-elected councils, and advocated a “dictatorship of the proletariat” in which all power would be centralized to the Bolshevik Party.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The rejection of the ideas of 1917 led, among other things, to the rebellion of his most loyal soldiers, the Matrimony of Kronstadt.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's concept of popular power was well illustrated by the response he gave Trotsky to the demands of the matrus when asked about Lenin's opinion: “The parliamentary and democratic system is a step backwards, the dictatorship of the proletariat led solely by the Bolsheviks is a step forward in the way of revolution”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Among the heads of the Soviet Union, Lenin has always been the most popular, thanks to his cult of


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The retrospective criticism levelled at the directors” persons and actions almost never extended as far as Lenin.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In addition, for example, in murals inspired by the Mexican Revolution, Lenin was often painted next to local revolutionary leaders such as Emiliano Zapata.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[104] A person cult around Lenin formed the first person cult of the Soviet Union, which has been described as “semi-religious” by several historians and biographies.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[105] [106] [107] [108] [109] His ascetic, industrious and orderly nature set him apart from many other Communist Party leaders.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Partly against his own will, he soon came to be regarded as a “good tsar”, modest and folk, but at the same time the creator of a new just system.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

From 1918 onwards, he began to be appointed vožd, that is, leader.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

In the 1920s, the term expanded to the entire Communist Party leadership.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

During the Russian Civil War, the party already began to consciously exploit and spread this view of Lenin when, through religious-tinged interpretations of the revolution, the Civil War began to be regarded as good and evil, revolutionary saints and counter-revolutionary evil spirits as a battle between.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin became the main saint of the revolution, the author of the Holy Bible of the Work, as he was described by the poet Demjan Bednyi in 1918 in the poem “To the Leader”.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Until his death, Lenin was able to prevent this cult that had arisen among the people from ending up as part of official party propaganda.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

However, immediately upon his death, this Christ-like Savior-Lenin was taken into the official party's Lenin cult, although many of the party's leaders, including Lenin's widow Nadežda Krupskaya, opposed it.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[110] [78] Monumental propaganda Monumental propaganda was a plan put forward by Lenin at the beginning of the Russian Revolution, which began to be implemented in the Soviet Republic starting in 1918.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

It introduced visual monument art, revolutionary slogans and monumental sculpture as important propagoers of revolutionary causes and communist ideals.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The plan created a demand for monumental, state-commissioned sculpture, laying the foundations for the entire later school of Soviet sculpture.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Statues of Lenin There are three statues of Lenin in Finland, several memorial plaques and other memorials dedicated to him.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

After the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Great Destruction of Lenin statues began in Eastern European countries and Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Almost all Lenin statues on the side of Eastern European states have been destroyed or moved to museums.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

On the Russian side, many more statues of Lenin have survived.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

The southernmost statue on Earth is located at the pole of inaccessibility to Antarctica.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

A few surviving Lenin statues: Lenin statue in the city of Tula, Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

A statue of Lenin in the city of Tiraspol in Transnistria, Moldova.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

A statue of Lenin in Donetsk city, Ukraine.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin statue in the city of Abakan, Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin statue in Eagle.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin statue in the city of Norilsk, Russia.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Lenin's works What is to be done?


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

[111] Materialism and Empiriocritism (1909) The Wraths of Philosophy (1914/1915, published only in the 1920s) Socialism and War (1915, together with Grigory Zinovyev) [112] State and Revolution (1917) [113] Imperialism as the highest stage of capitalism (1917) [114] Leftism as a child disease in communism (i.e. “Penikkatau') Development of capitalism in Russia Some of Lenin's writings have been published in the Finnish section of the Marxist Internet Archive Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Materialism and Empiriocritism| location = Moscow| publisher = Progress| year = 1975| version = (Materializm i empiriokritisizm, 1909)}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Selected works| location = Moscow| publisher = Progres| year = 1976—1977| version = 10 parts}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Works| location = Petrozavodsk & Moscow| publisher = Karelian-Finnish SST State Publishing Movement & Progression| year = 1953—1970| version = 45 parts}} Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Courtois, Stéphane etc.| title = Black Book of Communism: Crimes, Terror, oppression| others = Translated by Kaarina Turtia, Matti Brotherus and Heikki Eskelinen| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-0-25073-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Marek, Franz & Fischer, Ernst| title = What Lenin really said| others = Translated by Erkki Murto.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

2nd edition (1st edition 1970).


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

Pocket information 57| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1980| version = (Was Lenin wirklich sagte, 1969.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

) | id = ISBN 951-0-02557-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Service, Robert| title = Lenin: Biography| others = Translated by Arto Hälä| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2001| version = (Lenin: A biography, 2001.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

) | id = ISBN 951-0-26280-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Polvinen, Tuom| title = Russian Revolution and Finland, Part 1| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1967}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Karlgren, Anton| title = Red Dictator: Development of Stalin and Bolshevism from Leninism to Stalinism| others = Translated by J. W. Tuura| location = Helsinki| publisher = Gummerus| year = 1942}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Montefiore, Simon Sebag| title = Stalin: The Red Czar's Court | Translated others = by Kari Klemelä| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2004| version=( Stalin: The court of the red tsar, 2004.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

) | id = ISBN 951-0-29502-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Service, Robert| title = Stalin: A Biography| publisher = Harvard University Press| year = 2005| id = ISBN 978-0-330-41913-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Massie, Robert K.| title = Nikolai and Aleksandra| others = Translated by Mirja Rutanen.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

2nd edition (1st edition 1968) | location = Helsinki| publisher = Tamil| year = 1987| version = (Nicholas and Alexandra: An intimate account of the last of the Romanovs and the fall of imperial Russia, 1967.


Question: What was Lenin's original name?

Vladimir Lenin

) | id = ISBN 951-30-6733-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kochan, Lionel| title = Revolution Russia 1890—1918| location = Helsinki| publisher = Oak| year= 1966}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jussila, Osmo| title = Soviet tragedy| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2012| id = ISBN 978-951-1-26521-4}} References on the topic elsewhere (Red — against, Dark blue — for, Grey — I abstain) * Category:Born in 1870 Class:Dead in 1924 Category:Key articles on screening


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The earliest roots of Slavic mythology and Slavic antiquity date back very far to the past of Indo-European peoples, even at a time before the differentiation of the Slavic language form.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Some parts have been dreamed to be inherited from the Neolithic or even Mesolithic period.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Slavic mythology shares a lot of common features with the mythology and religion of other Indo-European peoples, which is why they are thought to have evolved from a single Indo-European religion.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Slavic mythology has almost no written sources of information, so most myths have been reconstructed as a result of long research work only recently.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Traces of the beliefs of the ancient Slavs are found especially in the folklore of Slavic peoples, but comparisons with other Indo-European mythologies have also proved fruitful.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, almost all information has therefore been questioned, and there are very divisive views on the Slavic family of gods, for example.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

According to the most commonly accepted conception, the main deities of the Slavs were the god of thunder Peru and the god of the underworld Veles.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Furthermore, it is important to note that the ancient faith of the Slavs was by no means a unified system; beliefs and objects of worship varied greatly both geographically and temporally.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Sources of knowledge of Slavic mythology Unlike Greek or Egyptian mythology, the study of Slavic mythology has no written original sources at its disposal.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Slavs cannot be proven to have had any kind of writing system before the arrival of Christianity, although some controversial cases exist (for example, the Book of Veles).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Therefore, all beliefs and traditions were passed down orally from generation to generation, many of them descended into oblivion in the centuries that followed the arrival of Christianity.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The literary language for Slavs was created in the 8th century by the brothers Kyrillos and Methodios, the fathers of the Glagolitic letter that preceded the Cyrillic alphabet, who were sent by the Byzantine emperor to teach Slavs.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, written Slavic remained the exclusive domain of a small spiritual folk section that lived in cities, and Slavic texts were heavily tied to Christianity.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The rural population continued to live as before, and their beliefs continued to be transmitted only by word of mouth.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Non-Slavic Christian missionaries wrote down some sparse entries about the religion of the Slavs, but they did not view the pagan beliefs with much objectivity or interest.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Archaeological remains of old images of worship and places of worship have been found, but not much additional illumination has been obtained.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Pieces of old mythical beliefs and pagan celebrations are inherited to this day in folk songs, customs and stories of all Slavic peoples.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Examining age-old myths about these remnants that have passed through folklore for thousands of years is a complex and difficult task that often leads scholars astray.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This can lead to misinterpretations and confusion, and pure fakes further complicate the investigation.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Literary sources There are no written sources from Slavic mythology before the division of Slavs into West, East and South Slavs.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

A possible exception is a brief note in Herodotus's History, which mentions the Neuri tribe in the far north.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Members of the tribe, according to Herodotus, converted themselves into wolves for several days each year.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Some scholars have interpreted this as based on Slavic werewolf beliefs, while others believe Herodotus referred to an Old Slavic carnival celebration in which young men were carried masked around the village.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

They have sometimes been referred to as vucari (wolfmen).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, the association of “Neur” with pre-slabs is controversial.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The first definite written mention of the Slavs is in the work Bellum Gothicum of the 5th-century Byzantine historian Prokopios.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In it, he depicts a South Slavic tribe crossing the Danube, heading south.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

According to Prokopios, these Slavs worshipped only one god, the lord of everything, who ruled lightning and thunder.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The historian does not mention the name of this high god, but it is pretty clear from his description that it is Peruvian.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Prokopios mentions the Slavs as having believed in many devils and fairy tales as well.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Probably in the Chronicle of Nestor, written in the early 10th century, there are many valuable references to the pagan beliefs of the East Slavs.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The chronicle describes the history of the ancient East Slavic state.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Although the manuscript was compiled in the early 12th century, it contains copies and references to older documents and describes events before Prince Vladimir the Great baptized into Christianity all of Kievan Russia.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Two gods, Peruvian and Veles, are mentioned in a text describing a 9th-century peace treaty between the pagan rulers of the East Slavs and the Byzantine emperors.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Later, Nestor, the presumed author of the chronicle, describes a family of deities introduced in Kiev by the same prince Vladimir in 980 before his conversion to Christianity.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This group included Peruvian, Hors, Dažbog, Stribog, Simargl and Mokoš.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Other chronicles also mention Svarog.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Also of interest are snippets from the East Slavic epic Song of Igor's War Expedition (), which refer to Veles, Dažbog and Hors.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The original epic is timed to the late 12th century, though there has been some debate over its authenticity.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The most numerous and richest written sources are in West Slavic paganism: the last tribes were not forced into Christianity until the end of the 12th century.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

German missionaries and priests who fought against pagan beliefs also recorded Slavic mythology.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

They deliberately portrayed the Slavs as bloodthirsty idol-worshippers and barbarians.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Since the priests did not know the language of the Slavs, their descriptions are a mixture of valuable knowledge, erroneous perceptions and harsh exaggeration.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The Thietmar von Merseburg chronicle from the beginning of the 10th century describes a temple on the island of Riedegost (Radagast) where a great god named Zuarasic (Svarogič) was worshipped.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

According to Thietmar, this was the holiest site of the pagan lavas, and Svarogič was their main god.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Another valuable documentary is the Chronica Slavorum written by the German Helmold in the late 12th century.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

He mentions the “black god” Zerneboh (Chernobog), the Porenut god, the Živa goddess, some nameless gods whose statues had multiple heads, and finally Svantovit (Svetovid), worshipped on the island of Rügen, who according to Helmold was the main god of the Western Slavs.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The third and most important source is the Gesta Danorum of the Danish chronicler Saxo Grammaticus, in which he describes a war in 1168 between the Danes and the Slavs of the island of Rügen.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the war, their city was overrun and the Great Temple of Svantovit, which was located there, was destroyed.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Saxo meticulously depicts the worship of Svantovit, the customs associated with it, and the tall four-headed statue of the god.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

He also mentions the multi-headed gods of other Slavic tribes: Rugievit, Porevit, and Porentius.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The fourth source is the writings of St. Otto, a German warrior bishop.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the 12th century, Otto led several expeditions into the territory of Slavic tribes who lived near the Baltic Sea.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

According to the manuscript, the main god of the Slavs was Triglav.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the towns of Wolgast and Havelberg, the god of war Gerovit was worshipped, possibly corresponding to Jarilo of the East Slavs.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Archaeological finds Statues of several Slavic gods have been found in archaeological studies.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In 1848 a tall four-faced stone statue was found along the Zbrucz River in Ukraine.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Because of its great resemblance to Saxo Grammaticus' description of the equivalent of a temple on the island of Rügen, the statue was immediately named Svantoviti, though this assumption too has since been questioned.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Other multi-faced statues were also found elsewhere.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

A small four-faced statue carved from bone from the 9th century was found in the ruins of Preslav, the capital of the medieval bulgar kingdom.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Near Neubrandenburg, Germany, on the island of Lake Tollensesee, a two-headed sculpture of human size and made of wood was found; during the Middle Ages, the area was inhabited by the Slavic Dolenain tribe, whose name is preserved in the name of the lake.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Further in Dalmatia, Croatia, a three-headed statue was found on a hill whose name Suvid resembles Svantovit (Svetovid).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

A peak called Troglav of the Dinara mountain is also located nearby.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The remains of several altars have also been found.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Excavations carried out on the headland of Arkona on the island of Rügen revealed the remains of a large temple and city considered to be the same as what Saxo Grammaticus described.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The remains of an altar dedicated to Perun were found in Novgorod.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

On the central mound of the altar stood a statue of the god.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

It is surrounded by a trench and eight altar chambers containing the remains of sacrificial altars.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The remains of a fortress composed more or less in the same way were found near Břeclav in the Czech Republic at a place whose name Pohansko (pagan) is quite indicative.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Also notable are pottery fragments from the 3rd century of the Chernjahov culture, which influenced Ukraine and Belarus.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The symbols drawn on them were interpreted by Russian archaeologist Boris Rybakov as relating to the ancient Slavic calendar.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Folklore Several Slavic peoples were converted to Christianity between the 6th century and the 12th century.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Christianity flourished, however, mainly only in the cities and among the better people, and especially in rural areas the old myths remained vibrant.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Christian priests and monks fought in Slavic countries (especially Russia) for centuries against the so-called double faith: on the one hand, peasants allowed themselves to be baptized, attended worship services and celebrated new Christian feasts, but still stubbornly practiced old rites even when ancient gods and myths were completely forgotten.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This was because from the perspective of the Slavic peasant, Christianity did not replace the old Slavic mythology, but introduced new ingredients into it.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Christianity perhaps offered a hope of salvation and life after death, but in this world it took old guardian gods, home spirits and fertility rites to survive, annual harvest and protect livestock.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This is a problem the church was never able to truly solve, at most it could replace the heathen deity with a saint or martyr.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, the cult itself survived, as did the mythical conception of the world by which natural phenomena were explained.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The study of Slavic mythology thus found itself in a difficult situation.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The folk beliefs and traditions of the Slavs are undoubtedly the richest source for elucidating old pagan beliefs, but deciphering the source of information is not a simple task.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Folk songs, stories and celebrations lost their original mythical character and purpose long ago, becoming nothing but superstition or meaningless tradition, repeated and passed on to posterity without realizing its purpose.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

People had a vague impression that some parties came to be spent, stories to tell and songs to sing because that was always done.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The cults of the old gods were mixed with veneration of new Christian saints, the old rituals were mixed with Christian feasts, and over the centuries they merged perfectly with each other.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This led scholars to analyze the structure of folklore itself and devise methods to draw out old mythology from it.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Folklore narratives can be roughly divided into two parts: Fairy tales of imaginative persons and critters, such as Alkonost, Baba Yaga, Koshchei, Firebird and Zmei Gorynych, songs and stories about legendary heroes like Russian bogatyrs, as well as various superstition against devils and spirits (domovoi, flesh, vilas, vampires, vodjanoi and so on).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Many of these narratives and beliefs may be very old and contain at least some elements of old myths although they are not myths themselves.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

They lack a deeper religious purpose and vary widely among Slavic peoples.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The celebration of several Christian celebrations among the people, as well as common beliefs associated with saints.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

For example, it is pretty clear that the prophet Elijah, who according to the Bible ascended to heaven in a fiery chariot, was a suitable replacement for the thunder god Perun.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In many Slavic countries, the name of Elijah is Ilya Gromovik (, thunder).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the same way, traces of ancient gods can be attributed to many other saints.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

These include, for example, Saint Vitus, Saint George, Saint Blasius, the Virgin Mary, and Saint Nicholas.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

It is also evident that several folk festivities, such as Jare or Jurjevo in spring and Ivanje or Ivan Kupala in summer, are both only loosely related to Christian celebrations and contain a lot of pre-Christian material.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

These beliefs have considerable religious significance to the people who still practice them.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The problem, of course, is that the ingredients of pre-Christian religion are completely mixed with general Christianity.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Reconstructing old Slavic myths is therefore true detective work and requires skill in many disciplines such as semiotics, linguistics, philology and ethnology.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Folklore should be analyzed at the level of structure, not just as individual songs and stories.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Viewed by group, they find signs and symbols with some internal logic.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Mainly these characters are keywords that mean more than just names of persons, places or things.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Such permanent keywords, that is, epithets are very typical even in Russian narrative poetry, bylinas: nouns are accompanied by some standard phrase.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

For example, the word forest gets its epithet from the adjective dark, Russia is sacred and the flowers are blue.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Such keywords help scholars sift through traces of mythology from folklore, because even if the name of the protagonist of the story has been changed many times, the attribute that characterizes him remains.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the study of mythology, these epithets are manifested, for example, as follows: the Slavic god of thunder Peru was mostly replaced by the prophet Elijah, Ilya Gromovik.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, Perun was sometimes also answered by Michael the Archangel and sometimes even God of Christianity, while in some Russian and Belarusian stories he was demoted to the level of a fairy-tale character.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Despite the changes in the name and character itself, in these stories there are always certain epithets that were used as symbols of Perun in old mythical texts and have survived in folklore.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Peruvian is always gore (overhead, top, high, mountain top or heaven), he is suh (dry, opposite to wet) he strikes (treska) and beats (razbija) with arrows (strela) or lightning (molnija).


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

These keywords will always remain in folklore even if the name of Perun itself has long since been forgotten.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Therefore, the symbols help to identify Perun from the Christians corresponding to him or characters of later folklore.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Using such a method and comparing Slavic mythology with the structure of other Indo-European mythologies (especially Baltic mythology), as well as occasionally using historical references to Slavic paganism, some old myths have been excavated.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The study of Slavic mythology has progressed considerably over the past 30 years, mostly thanks to Russian philologists Vladimir Toporov and Vyacheslav Ivanov and Croat scholars Radoslav Katičić and Vitomir Belaj.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Also valuable are the studies of Russian Boris Uspenski, as well as those of Serbian philologist and ethnologist Veselin Čajkanović.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

However, uncritical examination of folklore can lead the scholar completely astray, as seen below.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

False interpretations and forgeries When examining Slavic mythology in critical examination of the authenticity and reliability of sources, one cannot be too careful.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Interest in the beliefs of the ancient Slavs has been growing ever since Renaissance times, and thus the number of confusion, errors, misinterpretations and pure figments of imagination has also increased.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Before the mid-20th century, no scientific procedure for folklore interpretation existed, and in the absence of historical and archaeological sources, unjustified speculations were allowed to leisurely flourish.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

An example of an apparently complete misinterpretation is that of the goddess of love Lada (Lado), whose name was taken from the verses of a Slavic wedding song but apparently does not mean anything.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

It is quite certain that the god in question has never belonged to the Slavic family of gods.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Such gods as Koleda and Kupala are taken from the names of Slavic folk festivals: Koleda from Christmas, Kupala from Ivan Kupala (literally John the Baptist), whose feast day is celebrated around the summer solstice in many Slavic countries.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Certainly, parties have ingredients from the pre-Christian period, but making up gods out of party names is clearly not the correct method for deciphering old mythology.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

A misinterpretation of Thietmar von Merseburg's chronicle led to confusion between the god Svarogič and the city of Rasegast, where the temple of Svarogič was located.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

The name Radegast can easily be understood as meaning “dear guest”, which led to an interpretation of the Slavic god of hospitality Radegast.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Similarly, the Chernobog (black god) mentioned by Helmold was invented to counter-pair Belobog, the white god.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

This name has not been found in any reliable historical source, but since there was a black god, there had to be a white god as well, and text was written on the supposed Belobog-Chernobog dualism.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Many books and scientific studies still assume that the ancient Slavs worshipped the gods in question.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Even worse than confusions and false interpretations are deliberate forgeries.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

In the 19th and 20th centuries, Romantic, nationalist, and neo-pagan movements led the general public to become interested in Slavic mythology, and forging the associated evidence became a kind of hobby.


Question: What city did Zabava Putjatišna have grown up in?

Slavic mythology

Often its purpose was to support the group's own ideology.