Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Efforts were made to find new places to live elsewhere in Finland for those who lost their homes by enacting the Express Settlement Act.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The Karelian Federation, founded after the war, sought to defend the interests of Karelian evars.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[94] [95] The roles and assistance of foreign countries Finland received much sympathy around the world even in October before the Winter War, and the beginning of the war created great anti-Soviet sentiment.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In particular, the South American states and France condemned the Soviet invasion in hostile words.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Important help Finland received from the international press, which followed the war closely and, apart from the communist magazines, sided with Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The League of Nations was convened in early December at the suggestion of Finland to deal with the Soviet invasion.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The Soviet Union was expelled from the League of Nations and member countries were urged to help Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The decision was of considerable importance, especially among Western European countries, which gave them a clear political mandate and a call to help Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[96] France and the United Kingdom decided on 5 February to send an expedition to help Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Under the first plans made in December, an Allied naval detachment and possibly even troops would have been sent to Petsamo waters to retake the Soviet-occupied Petsamo continental region.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

However, the importance of Petsamo was soon understood to be minor to Finland and, moreover, would not have given the Western powers the opportunity to halt the vital German iron ore imports from the Kirunan-Jällivaara region.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Therefore, the operation decided on 5 February consisted of a landing on the Norwegian coast, advancing into the ore regions of northern Sweden, and, situation permitting, the extension of a smaller contingent to Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The final stage could have been thwarted by strong German countermeasures in Sweden.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[97] The basic problem of the operation was that the Swedish and Norwegian attitude towards the use of their territories was negative.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Britain, in particular, was timid about launching an operation without guarantees from Sweden and Norway for free passage.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Furthermore, Finland was not unequivocally willing to publicly call on the expedition to help either, as it would not have been a decisive military aid, but might have enveloped Finland into a major war.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

France and Britain also made separate offers and provided conflicting information about the amount and time of aid, making the Finns reserved.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[98] According to schedule, the Allied detachments, about the strength of three divisions, had mobilized from their ports on 15 March and began the landings in Norway five days later.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

As Finland's peace negotiations lasted, France already had time to order an operation for its forces to be launched on 12 March, and the British were also preparing to launch in those days.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

However, the peace made by Finland interrupted the activities of both 13.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

on March.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[99] Flygflottilj 19 (F19), an air squadron assembled from Swedish volunteers, was responsible for the defence of the airspace of Northern Finland with just under two dozen planes since January 1940.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Thanks to a self-sufficient Swedish squadron flying under Finnish insignia, population centres were provided with protection from bombing and the Finnish Air Force's own planes could concentrate on the defence of southern Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

After the war, the aircraft were returned to Sweden.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The unit brought significant experience in combat operations to the Swedish Air Force.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[100] Foreign Volunteers of the Winter War At the end of the Winter War, about 11660 foreigners had enrolled in the Finnish army (according to official statistics).


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In total, they were from 28 countries [101].


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Military significance of foreign volunteers was practically only by volunteers who arrived from Sweden.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In addition to them, only a small number of American Finns participated in the actual fighting.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[102] [103] As to the consequences and significance of the Winter War, the Winter War was a heavy ordeal for the peoples of both Finland and the Soviet Union: personal and material losses were high in both countries.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Moreover, relations between the two countries were in their worst state until then, and neither sought betterment, but sought solutions to conflicts the other way.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Since Germany had occupied Denmark and Norway, Finland's chances of gaining support from the Western Allies disappeared, so Finland was forced to rely on Germany, sparking a continuation war between Finland and the Soviet Union.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

World War II continued, and its development also had a decisive impact on the situation between the Soviet Union and Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Despite heavy losses, the Soviets did not abandon plans to conquer Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Marshal Kliment Voroshilov, who served as commander of Soviet forces in the Winter War, later admitted that he himself, the General Staff no more than the head of the Leningrad Military District in autumn 1939 had no idea what kind of war they had gone to.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Since then serving as President of the Soviet Union, Voroshilov gave credit to the opposing side: “The Finnish army, which was well organised, armed and trained with local conditions in mind, proved to be highly mobile, defensively capable and disciplined.” [104] Finland Foreign Minister Eljas Erkko had reassured his subordinates before the Winter War broke out by assuring him that “the Russians will not attack against the winter.”


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

For his part, Stalin wanted to work out his relationship with Finland as quickly as possible in order to secure the benefits reserved for the Soviet Union in the Molotov—Ribbentrop Pact, as rumours had been borne in his ears that Germany was preparing peace with the Western powers and would soon turn its weapons to the east, against the Soviet Union.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[105] Stalin was also in a hurry for another reason, since the issue of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina in trade with Germany, which was still waiting for its turn, was strategically more important than the Finnish issue.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[106] In April 1940, at a criticism meeting under Stalin, the commanders of the Finnish Front praised the Finnish Army, but Stalin silenced them by stating that the Finnish Army could not be considered a “fully modern army” because it was trained for defence rather than invasion.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[107] During and after the Winter War, a myth arose, the “miracle of the Winter War”.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

According to it, the brave struggle and success of small Finland against great superiority was a superhuman performance in which religious elements also played a part.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

However, in the results of studies of both war and political history, rational reasons for the outcome of the war can be found.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The Winter War brought to light the importance of the nation's intellectual resources in warfare.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

After the war, the Finnish people were internally more united than at any time in the country's history.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

There was also an effort on the political front to support and promote actions that unify the people.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Among other things, disputes in the 1930s over funding and maintenance of the Finnish army gave way to a vigorous equipping effort.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

However, the Finnish leadership made every effort to avoid the situation experienced in the Winter War, where the country had gone to war on its own against a superpower.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

For the Finns, the Winter War was essentially a defensive war, but the loss of territory and personnel lifted the offensive mood.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Distrusts of the Soviet Union already prevalent in Finland escalated into a hatred in which all actions of the NL were interpreted negatively.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The history of the Winter War provides a good example of great power political policies.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The ideological motives presented by both Germany and the Soviet Union in the 1930s and their mutual confrontations proved to be propaganda to disguise the real aspirations of power of the great powers.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The emblems of Bolshevism and National Socialism were pushed aside when the great power's interest so demanded.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Realizing this fact was a key factor in creating the spirit of the Winter War among the Finns.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[108] As regards political opinion formation in society, the Winter War and the Finnish Civil War of 1918 are an interesting benchmark.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

During 1917, domestic and superpower political currents drew Finns apart and strengthened the extremes of the political field on both the right and left.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In 1939, the development was reversed: integration took place in internal politics and the actions of the great powers broke the position of extremist groups that supported them in Finland on the right and left, and the current took the majority of Finns behind common foreign policy and national defence objectives and ultimately to the fight against actions perceived to be unjust.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The monotism between Finns (so-called brother in arms) has been reflected in the post-World War II period, despite internal conflicts.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The Winter War may have had a significant impact on World War II because Hitler assessed the Soviet Union as a “giant standing on clay feet”, which contributed to strengthening the Germans' decision to invade the Soviet Union in the summer of 1941.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

On the other hand, the Soviets learned lessons from the losses caused by rigid tactics and weak command ratios, as well as the shortcomings of infantry training.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The success of the strike forces equipped with Suomi submachine guns also led to a reassessment of the importance of the submachine gun and skis in the Soviet Union.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Along with automatic rifles, the Soviets also began to equip their infantry with their self-made PPŠ-41 submachine guns, which enabled them to increase their firepower.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

During the war in the Soviet Union it was called the “Finnish War” or the “Finnish Campaign”.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

During the YYA period after World War II, the terminology was softened and talked about “the Soviet-Finnish local armed conflict of 1939—1940”.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

It should be noted that already in the Soviet encyclopedias of 1963, the Soviet Union was named as the aggressor.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In volume 24.I (p. 41) of Bolšaja sovetskaja entsiklopedija published in 1976, there is a three-column article about the Soviet-Finnish war 1939—40 as well as one page of maps related to the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The article highlights the security aspect of Leningrad against a possible attack by “hostile forces” as the cause of war.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

As a state that acted against Soviet interests, Germany is also mentioned.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[109] With the advent of Perestroika in the early 1980s, the Winter War again became a war and the name “zimnjaja voina” (, winter war) came into fashion.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[110] Decorations for those who participated in the Winter War were presented with the Winter War Memorial Medal.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[111] Other medals associated with the time include e.g.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

arms crosses such as Kainuu Cross, Central Isthmus Cross, Koivisto Cross, Kolla Cross, Ladoga Medal, Lapland Cross, Western Isthmus Cross, Muolaan Cross, Pitkäranta Cross, Summa Cross, Taipalee Cross and Tolvajärvi Cross.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[111] Winter War in art and entertainment Immediately after the end of the war, Otava organized a Winter War-themed writing contest.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

It was won by Viljo Sarajan's Redeemed Country, second placed under Eino Hosian Tulivault and third by Pentti Haanpää's Korpisota.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Haanpää had participated in the war in the ranks of JR 40 on Pelkosenniemi and in the final stages of the war on the Isthmus.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

The Corp War is therefore a realistic description of the stages of war from a private's point of view.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

In poetry, the Winter War was described by Yrjö Jylhä, a company manager in Taipaleenjoki, in the collection Purgatory.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Antti Tuuri wrote the novel Talvisota, based on which Pekka Parikka directed the 1989 film of the same name.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

US-based Chuck Pfaffer announced in late summer 2010 his intention to make a film based on the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

On the album The Art of War, released in 2008 by Swedish power metal band Sabaton, there was a song titled Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Among the wartime propaganda songs, one of the best known is a song written by Reino Palmroth (Palle), written by Palle immediately after the end of the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

[112] See also Winter War Diplomacy The Spirit of the Winter War Winter War Bombing Winter War Naval Warfare Winter War Air Warfare Finn's Winter War Catch War Iron Ring Continuation War Sources History of Winter War 2, Military action on the Karelian Isthmus.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Ed.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Military History Office of the Department of Military Science, Porvoo: WSOY, 1978.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-0-08147-7.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Tyyne Martikainen: Winter War Evails and Civil War Prisoners.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Espoo.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

TM Books, 2008 ISBN 951-862 135-7 Ari Raunio, Yuri Kilin, Winter War Battles, 3rd Cord.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

p. Map Centre, 2010.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 978-951-593-415-4 (Rev.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

previously in Defenders of Independence under the name Battles of War 1.)


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Hietanen, Silvo (ed.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

): Nation at War 1.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

From war to war.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Helsinki: State Printing Centre, 1989.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-861-384-2.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Jakobson, Max: The Diplomats Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Huddersfield: WSOY 2002.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 9789510356739.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Järvinen, Y. A., Finnish and Russian tactics in the Winter War, WSOY Porvoo Helsinki 1948 Kivimäki, Ville, Broken Minds: Battle for Finnish soldiers' nerves 1939—1945.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Huddersfield: WSOY, 2013.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Laaksonen, Lasse: Reality and biases: Battle of the Isthmus and the state of Finnish troops at the end of the Winter War 1940.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Helsinki: Thought, 2005.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-20-6911-3.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Manninen, Ohto: Winter War Encrypted Backgrounds.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Helsinki: Book Counselor, 1994.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 952-90-5251-0.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Meinander, Henry: History of Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Lines, structures, turning points.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Huddersfield: WSOY, 2006.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 978-951-0-30809-7.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Palolampi, Erkki: The collar lasts.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Attached military historical review of the Kolla Front — a Winter War miniature.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

By K. J. Mikola.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Porvoo: WSOY, 1989.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-0-16034-2 Ruin, Ari: Military action: Finnish wars 1939—45 in maps.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Vantaa: Genimap, 2004.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-593-914-3.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Ries, Tomas: Cold Will — The Defense of Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

London: Brassey's Defence Publishers, 1988.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 0-08-033592-6 Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.. Siilasvuo, Ensio (ed.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

): Chronicle of the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Gummerus, 1989.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-20-3446-8.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Tala, Henry: French solvers of the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

French aid to Finland 1939—1940.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Minerva: Helsinki 2014.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 978-952-312-020-4.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Ylikangas, Heikki: Finland and Germany from winter war to intermediate peace.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

WSOY, Helsinki, 2001.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-0-26052-5.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Ylikangas, Heikki: My interpretation of the Winter War.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Huddersfield: WSOY, 2001.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

ISBN 951-0-26052-5.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Jari Eilola, Matti Rautiainen and Heikki Roiko-Jokela| title = Traveling in time| number = Winter War| publisher = WSOY| year = 2002| isbn = 951-0-27058-x}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Käkönen U. | title = Military Agent Moscow 1939| publisher = Otava| year = 1966}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Laine, Antti| title = Little Giant of Finnish History | location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2003| isbn = 951-0-27365-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Leskinen, Jari & Juutilainen, Antti (eds.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

) | title = Petty Giant of Continuation War| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2005| isbn = 951-0-28690-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mannerheim, C.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

G.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

E.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

& Virkkunen, Sakari| title = Memoirs of a Marshal of Finland| publisher = The Great Finnish Book Club| year = 1995| id = ISBN 951-643-469-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sander, Gordon F.| title = Battle for Finland 1939—1940| others = Translated by ArtoHäilä) | publisher = WSOHÄILÄ) | publisher = WSOHÄILÄ Y | year = 2010| id = ISBN 978-951-0-35299-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tanner, Väinö| title = I was foreign minister during the winter war| number = Negotiation phase| location = Helsinki| publisher = January| year = 1979| isbn = 951-30-4813-6}}, replace with {{cite book| author = Trotter, William R.| title= Frozen hell — The Russo-Finnish winter war of 1939—1940| location = Chapel Hill| publisher = Algonquin Books| year = 2000| isbn=1-56512-249-6| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.}


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Uitto, Antero and Geust, Carl-Fredrik| title = Mannerheim Line — Winter War legend| location = Helsinki| publisher = Idea Books| year = 2006| isbn = 951-20-7042-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Krivoška Eyev, G. F.| title = Soviet Casualties and Combat Losses in the Twentieth Century| location = London| publisher = Greenhill Books| year = 1997| isbn = 1-85367-280-7| language = Transclusion error: {{en}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

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Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

) | title = Defenders of Independence -series| publisher = Weilin+Göös etc.| year = 2002—2003| isbn = 951-35-6630-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Jukka| title = Pilot's Perspective II| location = Kerava| publisher = own publication: Jukka Ruunio| title = Pilot's Perspective II| location = Kerava| publisher = self-published: Jukka Ruunio| year = 1999| 3| id = ISBN 951- 96866-0-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Haataja, Lauri| title = When the people gathered themselves| publisher = Oak | year = 1989| id = ISBN 951-30-9170-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Käkelä, Erkki| title = Marsk Armor Destroyers: Finland evolution of anti-tank and the history of anti-tank units of the tank group| publisher = WSOY| year = 2000| id = ISBN 951-0-24638-7}}.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

References Literature Winter War as an experience.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Historical Society of Northern Finland.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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Rovaniemi, 2011.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Blücher, Wipert von| title = Fate of Finland — Recollections from 1935—1944.| publisher = WSOY| year = 1950}} Citation error, with {{cite book| author = Edwards, Robert (English) Porio, Jouni) | title = Winter War with European Eye| publisher = Minerva| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-952-492-072-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Holmila, Antero| title = Winter War with others| publisher = Atena| year = 2009}} Citation with error, replace {{cite book| author = Irincheev, Bair| title = Winter War with Russian eyes.| publisher = Minerva| year = 2012}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Krohn, Aarni| title = 30.11.1939 — First Hours of Winter War | publisher = January| year = 1979| id = ISBN 951-30-9276-3}}, replace with {{cite book| author = Langdon-Davies, John| title = Attack in the snow: Winter War in the eyes of a British correspondent | location = Helsinki| publisher = Paasilinna| year = 2014| version = (Finland — the First Total War, 1940.)


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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Translated by Simo Liikanen.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

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Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

2016| publisher = Books on Demand, Helsinki| year = | id = ISBN 978-952-339-478-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mononen, Väinö| title = Death Alley Running. | publisher = Alfamer Oy, Helsinki| year = 2006| id = ISBN 952-472-043-4} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Mononen, Väinö| title = Fireflames of Tuonela. | publisher = Edico Oy, Helsinki| year = 2011| id = ISBN 978-952-5708-44-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Niukkanen, Juho| title = Winter War Defence Minister tells.| publisher = WSOO Y| year = 1951}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Näre, Sari & Kirves, Jenni (ed.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

) | title = The Ugly War: The Silent History of the Winter and Continuation War| location = Helsinki| publisher = Johnny Kniga| year = 2008| id = ISBN 978-951-0-32917-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Paasikivi, J. K.| = My Activities in Moscow and Finland 1939—1941| publisher = WSOY (4th edition 1986) .| year = 1958| id = ISBN 951-0-13576-3.}}


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ruin, Ari & Kilin, Juri| title = Winter War Battles| publisher = Map Center| year = 2007| id = ISBN 978-951-593-068-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Richly, Gábor| title = Brother for Brother: Winter War and Hungary| publisher = Docendo| year = 2015| isbn = 978-952-291-168-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Richly, Gábor| title = Hungary and Finnish Winter Wars.| location = Helsinki| publisher = Military Historical Journal| year = | pages = 134-196}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| author = Sander, Gordon F.| title= The Hundred Day Winter War: Finland's Gallant Stand Against the Soviet Army| location = Lawrence| publisher = University Press of Kansas| year = 2013| version=Modern War Studies| isbn = 978-0-7006-1910-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Hedgehog, Ensio, et al.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

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Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

) | title = Winter War Chronicle| publisher = Gummerus| year = 1997| id = ISBN 951-20-3446-8.}


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Stepakov, Viktor & Orehov, Dmitri| title = Parade March to Finland: Winter War with the eyes of Russians | publisher = WSOY| year = 1992| version = Translated by Matti Hyvärinen| id = ISBN 951-0-18304-0}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| id = ISBN 951-0-18304-0}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| k| author = English , Juhani| title = Myrrysman — Urho Kekkonen 1936—1944.| publisher = Otava| year = 1986| id = ISBN 951-1-06567-X.}


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

Winter War

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Finland, Juhani| title = Winter War background — Soviet Union in Finnish foreign policy 1937—1939.| publisher = Otava| year = 1973| id = ISBN 951-1-00251-1}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tanner, Väinö| title = I was Foreign Minister during the winter war| publisher = Oak | year = 1950}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tepora, Tuas| title = Spirit of War: Beautiful and Ugly Winter War| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2015| id = ISBN 978-951-0-40166-8}} Citation with error, replace {{cite book| author = Tuomikoski, Pekka| title = Winter War — Population Transfers.| publisher = AtlaSart| year = 2010}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Importing, Value | title = Storm| publisher = January| year = 1970}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Uitto, Antero| title = Winter War with the eyes of the Red Army| publisher = Karisto| year = 1999| id = ISBN 978-951-233-939-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Vihavainen, Timo & Sakharov, Andrei (ed.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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) | title = Unknown Winter War: Soviet secret police folders| location = Helsinki| publisher = Edita| year = 2009| version=Translations by Maija Dahlgren en m| id = ISBN 978-951-37-5598-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Vladimirov, Viktor| title = Towards winter war | publisher = Otava, 1995| year = 1995}} On topic elsewhere (135 pcs) Archives Institute.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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{{country data {{{1}}} | flaglink/core | variant = | size= | name= | altlink =national rugby union team | altvar =rugby union}} (Archives Department) Broadcasting #sota39 updates the stages of the war day by day on Twitter.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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The events of 75 years ago are recounted through actual conversations and decisions held by the country's martial government, condensed into tweets.


Question: Did Finland get five 130/50 N guns as spoils of war in the Continuation War?

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* Category:Key articles of screening


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 — 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist who presented the scientific evidence he compiled by leaning over the period of evolution of all species of organisms from a common strain form through a process designated as natural selection.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] The theory developed by Darwin describing evolution in nature over history is called the theory of evolution.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Even as far back as Darwin's time, the scientific community and the general public accepted the changing of organisms in evolution, but the theory of natural selection was not accepted as the main starting point of evolution until the 1930s.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] At the same time, it was the basis for the synthetic theory of evolution.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The discoveries made by Darwin can be said to have laid the groundwork for all of current biology, as they provide a logical explanation for the diversity of life.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[2] [3] Darwin became interested in natural history while studying first medicine at the University of Edinburgh and later theology at Cambridge.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[4] His five-year expedition aboard HMS Beagle established his position as a geologist.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The observations made on the voyage supported Charles Lyell's uniformitarianist ideas.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin's published book about the sea voyage made on the Beagle made him famous.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

On his journey, he collected fossils of dead animal species, which made him haunt the geographical distribution of wildlife and fossils.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

As a result, he began to study the transformation of species of organisms into one another and eventually developed his theory of natural selection in 1838.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[5] Although Darwin discussed his theory with a few naturalists, he still needed time for large-scale research work.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

However, his geological work was in the foreground at the time.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[6] While writing his theory in 1858, Darwin obtained a manuscript of an essay sent to him by Alfred Russel Wallace in which Wallace describes the theory he was developing.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

It seemed amazingly similar to Darwin's theory.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

His 20-year toil was in danger of being wasted if the manuscript of Wallace's essay were published first.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The problem of priority was resolved by Darwin's scientific friends by having both Darwin's and Wallace's manuscripts on natural selection read in London at a meeting of the Linnean Society on 1 July 1858.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Neither was personally present at the event.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin then hastened the publication of his work, and his main work The Genesis of Species was published in 1859.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[7] Darwin separately explored human evolution and sexual selection in his 1871 book Human Descension and Sex Selection and Emotions in 1872.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

His botanical studies were published as a series of books, and his last remaining work dealt with the impact of earthworms on the soil.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[8] Genus of Darwins The family tree of Darwins is known until the 16th century.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The first known representative of the genus is William Darwin, who died in 1542, who was the great-grandfather of Charles Darwin.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[9] Darwin's maternal side lineage, the Wedgwoods, is known considerably further.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin is known to have been, through his mother, distantly related to King Henry I of England.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[9] The Darwins' lineage has been the subject of studies by heredity scientists, as several members of the genus have been particularly gifted in various fields of science.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The Darwins have been referred to in some contexts as evidence of the heredity of intelligence, as there have been a large number of cousin marriages in the family.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[10] Biography Childhood and Adolescence Years Childhood Darwin was born in a house owned by his family in The Mount, a town of Shrewsbury in the County of Shropshire, United Kingdom on 12 February 1809, the same day as President Abraham of the United States It's Lincoln.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[11] He was the child of Robert Waring Darwin, a wealthy physician and businessman, and Susannah Darwin (of his own family Wedgwood), the fifth of six siblings.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin was a great-granddaughter of Erasmus Darwin on his father's side and Josiah Wedgwood on his maternal side.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Both families were largely Unitarianists by religious belief, but some of the Wedgwoods had adopted the Anglican faith.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Charles and his siblings were raised in accordance with the Unitarianist faith, as they attended worship services in the Unitarianist chapel.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[12] In the spring of 1817, Darwin began schooling at a school run by the chapel preacher, Mr. Case.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[13] Darwin did not know his mother particularly well, for she died the same year.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin explains in his autobiography that he can't remember anything about his mother other than her deathbed.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[14] Robert's father put his son to study at the Shrewsbury boarding school run by Dr Samuel Butler, where Darwin studied until he was 16.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Years in Edinburgh During the summer of 1825 Darwin spent as a medical practitioner helping his father care for the county's poor.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In October he travelled with his brother Erasmus to Scotland to study medicine at the University of Edinburgh, [15] which was one of the best places to study medicine in Europe of his time.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin, however, abhorred blood and found studying medicine boring, and therefore he later dropped out of studies.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[13] Darwin's studies took precedence over natural history pursuits, such as taxidermy of animals.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

That's what he was taught by the Guyanese freed slave John Edmonstone.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Edmonstone also had a habit of telling Darwin exciting stories about the rainforests of South America.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Later Darwin used Edmonstone's experiences as an aid in demonstrating in Human Descension and Gender Selection that “Black people and Europeans” were very similar, albeit acknowledging superficial differences in appearance.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[16] In his second year of university, Darwin joined a natural history-oriented student group called the Plinian Society.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[17] In the group he gained experiences in scientific debates and anti-Christianity.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin became an avid pupil of Robert Edmond Grant, and while studying, he was inspired, like Grant, by the theories of the acquired qualities of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Charles's grandfather Erasmus.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In March 1827, Darwin presented to the Plinian Society about his discoveries that black dots often found on oyster shells were the eggs of a species of strander ().


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He also attended a natural history course, learning stratigraphic geology, among other things.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

As a side job, he helped organise the collections of the Royal Museum of Scotland, one of the most extensive in Europe.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[18] Papine studies at Cambridge Darwin's father decided to send his son, who had made very little progress in medical studies, to pursue a bachelor's degree to the Faculty of Arts at Christ's College, University of Cambridge, in 1827.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The intention was for Charles to read himself as a priest.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The industry exchange was natural at a time when work in the service of the Anglican Church guaranteed a reasonable livelihood.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[19] Most of the natural scientists in England were priests who considered the study of God's creation as part of their duties.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

At Cambridge, Darwin continued to be more comfortable with other woodwork than studying.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[20] With his cousin William Darwin Fox, he collected beetles.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[21] Fox introduced Darwin to Professor of Botany John Stevens Henslow, after which Darwin attended Henslow's natural history course.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin became his teacher's favourite pupil.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He was known as “the man who runs with Henslow.”


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[22] [23] As the final interrogations approached, Darwin focused on his studies, while also becoming interested in William Paley's texts, which included the idea of a higher power complicity in the design of nature.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[24] In addition to this, Darwin received private tuition from Henslow.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In the final exams in January 1831, he excelled with his answers to theology, but got through classical subjects such as mathematics and physics with great difficulty.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In the final results, he was 10th among 178 to pass.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[25] Following John Henslow's advice, Darwin kept no rush whatsoever with his priestly ordination.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Inspired by Alexander von Humboldt's Personal Narrative, Darwin's head revolved around the idea of studying natural history in the tropics [26].


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After graduating, he planned to travel to Tenerife with his fellow courses.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin also attended a course by famed geologist Adam Sedgwick, on which he mapped soil deposits in Wales.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[27] On his return from a trip home, Darwin found a letter sent by Henslow asking Darwin to go on an unpaid trip with Robert FitzRoy.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Captain FitzRoy of HMS Beagle was about to embark in December 1831 on an expedition planned for two years to map the shores of South America.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Henslow felt the trip offered Darwin an opportunity to practice his naturalist talents in the tropics.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin's father had a negative view of the trip.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He says it was just a waste of time, but Josiah Wedgwood still convinced him to fund his son's trip.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[28] Sea voyage on the Beagle took a total of five years, two-thirds of which Darwin spent ashore.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He noted the diversity of geological formations, fossils, and living organisms, and collected a large number of specimens of organisms, several of which were previously unknown to science.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] During breaks on the way, Darwin sent the specimens he had collected by mail to Cambridge, while sharing his findings.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

His reputation as a naturalist originated thanks to these collected specimens.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

During the voyage, Darwin had time to write a travelogue known as the Beagle's Journey.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In it, he sums together both the specimens he found and the social, political and anthropological views of the people he met during the journey, indigenous people as well as Western settlers.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[29] At sea, Darwin often suffered from severe seasickness.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[30] In October 1833 he was stricken with febrile disease in Argentina.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

While travelling down the Andean slope to Valparaíso in July 1834, he became so badly ill that he had to spend a month on bed rest.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[31] Before leaving, FitzRoy gave Darwin the first volume of Charles Lyell's Principles of Geology, in which Lyell explains the processes occurring at the ground surface and their equilibrium.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The first stop was made on Santiago, the largest island of the Cape Verdean island group in the vicinity of the west coast of Africa.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

There, Darwin spotted a streak of white on the top of the Vulcanite hillside, about 13 feet high.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He noted it to consist of pieces of seashells and coral.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin considered this to fit Lyell's idea that the ground level rises and falls slowly.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

That, in turn, inspired Darwin to think about the geological history of the island and also write about the issue in his future works on geology.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[32] Darwin made several other discoveries during his voyage, some of which were of particular importance.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] For example, he saw pebbles and bivalves displaced in the Patagonian steppe plains as a result of landlifting, and observed seashells higher than the height of the tide in Chile, which was less explainable than by ground uplift.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In the Andes, in turn, he noticed a few fossilised trees that had previously grown in the vicinity of the beach.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Evidence of this was seashells found near the fossils.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin also concluded that atolls formed from coral are one stage in the development of a volcanic island.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

According to him, the atoll is the end result of the subsidence of a marine volcano.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The theory he was able to confirm when he made landfall on the Cocos Islands.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[33] [34] [35] Darwin's ideas are still considered correct in their grounds.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In South America, Darwin dug up fossils of giant mammals from a layer of soil where many modern seashells appeared.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This suggested that there had been an “imminent period” of extinction, most likely caused by changing climate, dwindling food, or an increase in enemy numbers.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[36] One fossil he correctly identified as a giant sloth and a fragment of a protective shield Darwin thought belonged to an armadillo-like animal.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In addition, he found several specimens of unknown organisms.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After the trip, he learned that Richard Owen had found most specimens, despite the size difference, to be very similar to the organisms still encountered in America.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[37] [38] [39] Lyell, in the second part of his Principles of Geology series, strongly criticised evolution.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He explained the distribution of species by means of “creation centers.”


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The work in question was also sent to Darwin.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin found that the observations he made contradicted Lyell's arguments [41].


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In August 1833, while in Argentina, Darwin had heard of two different species of nandu living there.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Nandus are, like ostriches, flightless birds.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The larger species of nandu was known to live in the north and the smaller species again in the south.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

At first Darwin speculated the birds were just a variant of one species, but didn't believe they were entirely different species, as later emerged.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

However, the problem was caused by the fact that the species were not completely isolated from each other.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Namely found the area where representatives of both species were found.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The discovery of the Nandutes led Darwin to consider the possibility of animal species evolving into new species.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The idea differed in a radical way from the prevailing belief that God had created all the species of the world.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[42] While touring the Galápagos Islands during September—October 1835, Darwin observed differences in the beaks of various island mockingbird species, but their other appearance features were consistent compared to mockingbirds living on the mainland.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Contrary to popular belief, Darwin paid no attention to the variety of beaks of bird species later named Darwinian circles while on the islands.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This point he made only after a trip to Britain.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

On the Galápagos, he drew attention to the shield shapes of different island turtle species; on one island the shield was perfectly round, but on the other the shield had a high spike on the neck, allowing the neck to reach high.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Believed of these, the idea of species changing over long periods occurred to Darwin's head.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Back in Australia, Darwin saw a rat kangaroo and a water soak animal.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The animals of Australia differed so much in appearance from other animals of the world that it seemed to Darwin as if Earth organisms had been created by two separate creators.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[43] In arranging his notes on the way back, he wrote that if his suspicions about mockingbirds and turtles are correct, “it undermines the notion of species immutability.”


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After the notation, Darwin softened the sentence by adding the “would” word (it would undermine the notion of species immutability).


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[44] [45] Eventually Darwin ended up writing the phrase in the Birth of Species: “These results seemed to me to provide some additional illumination on the origin of species.” [46] On a previous trip to the Beagle, four indigenous inhabitants had been included on the voyage.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

One of them died in England, the remaining three were taken on the second journey back to their residence.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

They had been “civilised” in England for about two years.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

One of them, Jemmy Button, openly told Darwin that he liked his earlier lifestyle and that he would never want to return to England again.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin tended to see the differences between people as a result of cultures and not so much because of race.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin hated slavery, which he saw much of in South America, and poti poor conscience about the impact Europeans had brought about on Australian Aborigines and New Zealand Māori.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[47] The formulation of evolutionary and natural selection theory Analysis of Darwin samples While still at sea, John Henslow cherished the reputation of his former student by allowing certain naturalists access to study fossil specimens sent by Darwin and the geology of Darwin addressing letters.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[48] When the Beagle finally beached Britain on 2 October 1836 had Darwin already achieved considerable fame in scientific circles.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin went straight away at his home in Shrewsbury to see his relatives.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He then rushed to Cambridge to meet Henslow, who helped him search for naturalists who could help identify and catalogue the specimens collected by Darwin.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Henslow promised to receive Darwin's plant specimens.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

For his part, Darwin's father Robert was involved in analysing the samples by arranging the money needed to investigate the samples.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Excited by the boom in his career as a scientist, Darwin toured the scientific institutions of London, where he was a greatly celebrated figure.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

At the same time, he sought out professionals who would agree to identify his samples.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Zoologists already had large quantities of specimens to study, which put Darwin's specimens at risk of being filled with storage space.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[49] Enthusiastic about Darwin's return, Charles Lyell first met him on 29 October 1836.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Lyell introduced him to the future promise of anatomy, Richard Owen, who had the facilities at the Royal College of Surgeons available to study fossils.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Owen's results were surprising.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He had studied the bones of a giant sloth, a skull resembling a hippopotamus skull belonging to the already extinct Toxodon rodent, and the protective shield pieces of a large-sized extinct species of Glyptodon armadillo.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The results were in line with what Darwin had already assumed himself [45] [50] [51], but the samples differed greatly from the corresponding species in Africa, to his surprise.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The similarity was seen more in species living in South America.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[52] [53] In December 1836, Darwin moved to Cambridge, where he began arranging his collections and writing a piece for the Journal about his travels.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[54] At the same time, he wrote his first scientific article, in which he showed the South American ground level rising slowly.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

At Lyell's suggestion, Darwin read his article at the Geological Society of London on 4 January 1837.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Still on the same day, he presented his mammal and bird collections to the Zoological Society of London.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In March 1837, ornithologist John Gould, who studied bird specimens in Darwin's Galápagos, reported his observation that the birds thought Darwin had thought to be blackbirds, pinebirds and finches were all actually finches.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Gould noticed the biggest difference between species to be in the shape of their beaks.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin, however, had made marking birds deficient; it did not occur to him that the islands of residence of finch species mattered.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He was fortunate to receive this paramount information from other travellers who had also collected specimens and tagged the specimens more carefully.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

On 17 February 1837, Darwin was elected to the board of trustees of the London Geographical Society.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After the trip, Darwin's life centred on London, where he also moved to live first with his brother on 6 March 1837.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

A few weeks later he moved into his own flat in the vicinity of 36 Great Marlborough Street.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

It was at that point that Darwin began to question the then notion of creating life.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The ideas got added impetus from monkey fossils found in Africa.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In the early days of May, he first thought that man might have evolved from an ape-like progenitor.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

His idea he dared not tell anyone, for such thoughts would quickly have been condemned as heresy.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] While living in London, Darwin, thanks to his brother Erasmus, was able to meet other intellectuals of the time, for example the deist Charles Babbage.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Babbage believed that God would have created first the laws of nature that later shaped life, rather than that God had created life ad hoc.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The question posed by John Herschel about the origin of life began to be considered on a very broad front in scientific circles.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Several representatives of medicine supported the idea espoused by Robert Edmond Grant of transmutation of species, but many of Darwin's scientist friends considered this heretical.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Thomas Bell, a zoologist who analysed Darwin's lizard specimens, managed to show that the Galápagos Islands turtles belonged to the island's native biota and had not been brought along with pirates, as some believed.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

By mid-March 1837, Darwin was convinced that organisms that had arrived on the islands had begun to evolve into their own species for some reason.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He studied this transformation more and more closely, while making notes to his “red booklet”, which he had started as early as the Beagle.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He also had a discussion with Owen on the issue.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Owen's view on the matter was that species of organisms had some sort of “organizing energy” that defined how much a species could mutate.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

According to Owen's view, species could not mutate much.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin told him he was on the same lines of view at the principle level, but saw no reason to stop species transformation.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Owen chimed, as he felt there was no reason for species to turn into another.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin learned not to talk about species changing.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] In mid-July 1837, Darwin initiated a secret “B booklet” on the transformation of species of organisms.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In his anger, he pondered four questions: What evidence is there for organisms to mutate?


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

How did the new species adapt to the new environment?


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

How did the new species form?


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

How can species similarities be explained?


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

One highlight of the booklet is the “I think” () written by Darwin on page 36, under which he drew a sketch of an evolutionary tree.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[45] [56] The drawing illustrates how different species share the same stem form from which they evolved.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The summer of 1837 Darwin spent reflecting on the changing species, but also how animal and plant species could have spread from the mainland to nearby islands.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Possibly due to his experience of the dispute with Owen, Darwin was only able to discuss the changing of species with his brother.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] Overexertion and sickness As he began to study the change of species, Darwin slowly began to drown in his work.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

While still continuing to write for the Journal, he wrote and published reports on his collections.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Thanks to Henslow, Darwin received a grant of £1000 to complete the multi-volume Zoology of the Voyage of H.M.S.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

For the writing and publication of the Beagle piece.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin began to take unrealistic release dates for his works as his goal.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin finished the Journal around 20 June 1837, around the same time as Queen Viktoria came to power in Britain.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

However, he was forced to correct any shortcomings that appeared after the release.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[57] Pressures arising from the job overshadowed Darwin's health.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

On 20 September, she suffered “palpitations” for which the doctor who treated Darwin ordered her to go on sick leave.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After receiving a month-long holiday, Darwin went to Shrewsbury and afterwards to meet his Wedgwood side relatives living at Maer Hall.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

These were admittedly so interested in hearing the twists and turns of Darwin's journey that they didn't understand letting Darwin rest.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

A cousin nine months older than Darwin, Emma Wedgwood, who was caring for her disabled aunt, was also present.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

To Emma, Darwin paid special attention just that time.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] Darwin's uncle Josiah Wedgwood II wanted to show Darwin a piece of land where ashes had been lost under clay soil.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He speculated earthworms were behind this, and thought the phenomenon would be of interest to Darwin, who created a naturalist career.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This really interested the subject even so much that he announced that he would give a lecture on it to the Geological Society of London.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

At the same time, it was the first demonstration of the impact of earthworms on soil deformation.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[58] [59] After his holiday, Darwin returned to his work and published the first volume of the Zoology book series in February 1838.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

William Whewell suggested to Darwin that he take on the duties of secretary of the Geological Society of London.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin knew that he should not take any more work on his staff, after all he had already become Vice-President of the Entomological Society of London.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After a short time, Darwin came to second thoughts and accepted the post.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Missions began in March 1838.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[60] Darwin had a lot of work to do in writing travel reports, but he was at the same time successful in moving forward with his studies of species changing.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

It was at this point that knowledge of Darwin's ideas about the transformation of organisms came into somewhat wider knowledge.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Other naturalists are rejecting him for this.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin also speculated in his writings with the idea that man too would fall, like other organisms, as one part of his theory.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The idea gained buoyancy when, on a visit to the zoo on 28 March 1838, he noticed a monkey behaving in a child-like manner.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[61] This idea, too, that all species of organisms are equal to each other — worms and humans alike — differed in dramatic ways from other contemporaries' view of man as the 'king of creation'.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] This shows that Darwin already realised at that stage that there was no specific purpose for the natural law governing development, so it would be insane to talk about a better species of organisms.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The problem was just what this natural law was.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] In March 1838, Darwin began his “C Booklet”, in which he refined the ideas expressed in his B hatred and took note of the new observations he had made.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

As investigations progressed, Darwin's relatives and their children, the family's butler, neighbours, former expedition friends, naturalists and people with practical experience, such as farmers and pigeon-and-dog breeders, for example, got on board.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] [55] [62] [63] For fear of losing his reputation, Darwin made the decision in the spring of 1838 not to publish his ideas for a long time yet.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This decision also held, for it was not until 21 years later that the Genesis of Species was published.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Because of the strain, Darwin's health deteriorated again, but now even worse.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

During the summer, he spent several days on the sickbed because of headaches, heart problems and stomach pains.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[64] Throughout the rest of Darwin's life, the pains recurred over and over, rendering him intermittently incapacitated.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Sickness occurred especially in stressful situations, for example, when in his later life he had to defend his theory.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

A proper diagnosis of Darwin's potemic illness was never able to be made, and attempts to treat it were left weak.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Later attempts have been made to determine the disease; candidates have been Chagas disease, which could date back to South American times, and Ménière's disease.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Psychological diseases have also been suggested.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[65] On 23 June in 1838 he finally took leave and travelled to Scotland.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

There he not only lay but spent plenty of time working on geological surveys.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

These studies he conducted, for example, in Glen Roy, where the famous road-like formations (Parallel Roads) rose to his interest.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

By marriage Darwin returned from his holiday to Shrewsbury in July.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

While writing his daily notes on animal reproduction (D booklet, species transformation he continued in the M booklet) [55] he scribbled up thoughts on his plans for the future.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He took out two papers on which he wrote the titles “To Marry” and “Not to Marry” ().


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The benefits of marriage Darwin considered to include “constant companionship and friend to the days of old age... which is better than a dog anyway”.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The downsides of marriage, again, were that “there's less money left on the books,” and that's a “horrible challenge of time.”


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[66] Darwin had a crush on his cousin Emma.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

He recounted his thoughts to his father, after which he paid a visit to Emma on 29 July in 1838.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin found no time to propose, although the cousins spent a lot of time together and had a very close conversation.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Instead, against his father's advice, Darwin recounted his own studies that would make his religious views “deviate.”


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Robert Darwin knew that the Wedgwoods were considerably more religious than the Darwins—especially women of the line—so he feared Charles and Emma's differing views would emerge as such a major obstacle that marriage would not be possible.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In October 1838, while living in London, Darwin became acquainted with Malthus's An Essay on the Principle of Population.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

In it, Malthus predicted population growth would lead to a per capita reduction in food intake and calculated that the human population could double every 25 years.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

However, Malthus pointed out that in practice the growth rate cannot be this high because death, disease, wars and famine effectively slow down the rate of growth.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] [67] [68] [69] Malthus believed that the most feeble died after fighting for their existence.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin believed this also applied to plants competing with each other for living space.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This explained why the number of plant species remained somewhat stable at all times.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin held that because species reproduction depended on available resources, then the species that were best adapted to the conditions would produce more offspring than the less adapted ones.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

This, again, would lead to a generalization of certain characteristics and a decrease in individuals with weaker characteristics.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The end result of this would be a new species of life.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[68] [70] [71] [72] In late September he recorded this attention down describing it as a particular kind of wedge that forces the most valid properties to become more common and the weakest features to eventually disappear.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[1] This theory he developed forward in his E hatred, and the subjects of the M booklet he pursued in his N hatred.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] On 11 November, Darwin returned back to Maer and now dared to propose to Emma, who answered in the affirmative.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The families of both were happy about the coming union.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Charles and Emma received a very large dowry, Emma's father Josiah Wedgwood II gave a gift of £5000 and Charles' father Robert gave £10,000 intended to be productively invested for the benefit of the groom.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

A wealthy banker of that time earned £10,000 a year and a doctor or lawyer £1500.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

Darwin thus quickly gained a small fortune, enabling surrender to unpaid scientific research work.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[55] In her next letter, Emma praises Darwin's openness, but presents her pious Anglican upbringing as having led her to fear that her mistakes could jeopardize her chances of a post-mortem life.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[73] [74] Darwin looked for a new home for the young couple and found one at 12 Upper Gower Street.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

A wedding was planned for 24 January 1839, but the Wedgwoods requested a postponement.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

There was another programme for Darwin for that day, as he was elected a member of the Royal Society of the British scientific community at the time.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[75] The wedding was successfully held after a five-day postponement at St Peter's Church in Maer with Anglican ceremonies, which was perfect for the Unitarianist members of the Darwin and Wedgwoods lineages.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

After the wedding, the fresh-married couple hurried on a train to London to get to their new home.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

[76] Wedding guests freaked out such distress.


Question: In what year did Charles Darwin publish his famous theory on the genesis of species?

Charles Darwin

The explanation may be that Darwin had developed around this time a fear of being in large crowds for long periods.