Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, the Road Traffic Agreement [1] provides for some general principles: The use of the road is prohibited for pedestrians, animals and vehicles who cannot reach the specified speed on a flat road.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Stopping and parking on a motorway for no compelling reason is prohibited.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Doing a U-turn is forbidden.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highways typically have a speed limit of 80 to 130 kilometres per hour.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Germany, some of the motorways have no speed limits at all.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Finland, only a motor vehicle with a maximum permissible or design speed exceeding 50km/h is allowed on motorway.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[2] Since not all vehicles can use the motorway, it must also have a parallel connection.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A frequent parallel connection is the so-called old road, which has been the main road before the freeway was completed.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A parallel connection can also run on the downtown street network.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In countries where motorways or some of them are tolled, parallel access is usually free of charge.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highways in Finland Finland is a sparsely populated country and traffic volumes are generally small.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Therefore, it has not been necessary to build a comprehensive motorway network similar to that in Germany, for example.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

At the beginning of 2018, there were 893 km of motorways in Finland.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[3] The longest continuous motorways are the section between Vantaa and Ylöjärvi on highway 3, the Helsing-Turku section on highway 1, the Helsing-Hamina section on highway 7 and the Helsing-Heinola section on highway 4.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Other highways tend to be short stretches in major cities.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

There is also a freeway along Highway 9 for about 130 kilometres on a total of six sections separate from each other.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The definition of a motorway in Finnish legislation follows the definition of the Vienna Road Traffic Agreement: Almost all motorways in Finland are 2+2 lanes: there are several lanes in the Helsinki and Tampere regions, as well as Turku, Lahti, Hyvinkää and Akaa.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In addition, there is a parallel ramped section in Kotka.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Only the widest section of motorways defined by law is on road 51 in Espoo, where the road with parallel ramps reaches a total of 12 lanes.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Parallel ramp sections exist only on Kantatie 51 in Westend in Espoo, Highway 3 in Tampere Lakalaiva and Highway 7 in Karhula, Kotka.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Without taking into account parallel ramps, the widest sections are on Highway 1 in Espoo Leppävaara, Highway 4 in Viikki in Helsinki, road 45 in Pakila in Helsinki and Tikkurila in Vantaa, and on road 51 from Espoo between Haukilahti and Westend, which are all 4+4 lane sections.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Parallel ramps are generally intended to separate mixing areas of local and long-distance traffic on busy stretches of road.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Specific requirements for road geometry, interchange and other technical characteristics are imposed on motorways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

On just under two-thirds of highways, the speed limit is 120 kilometres per hour.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

On other highways, the limit is usually 100 kilometres per hour, sometimes lower than this as well.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In winter, the speed limit is no more than 100 kilometres per hour on all highways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highways are divided into four categories based on their significance: [4] Category A comprises national motorway sections with rural sections.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The speed limit is usually 120km/h.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Category B includes national motorway sections on bypass sections of urban agglomerations.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The speed limit is between 100 and 120km/h.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Category C comprises motorways (1st class urban motorways) serving as a trunk road in urban urban areas.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The speed limit is 80—100km/h.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Category D comprises motorways that serve as a feeder ring for city centres, integral to the built-up structure and do not have transit traffic (2nd class urban motorways).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The speed limit is usually 80km/h.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Classification relates mainly to road planning and there is no way to mark the class on the road by road signs.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

On lower-class highways, the technical requirements for the road are not so strict.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The name urban motorway is also sometimes used for motorway roads, e.g. Perimeter III, which, however, are not motorways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Finland, a parallel road running parallel to a motorway is usually a sub-regional road.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A parallel connection can also run on the downtown street network.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Building and impacts of motorways When deciding on the construction of a motorway, the solution is made on the basis of factors such as traffic volumes, road safety, community structure and environmental considerations.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In general, the construction of a motorway may be justified if the average traffic volume exceeds 15000 vehicles per day, [5] although the construction of a motorway always requires a closer examination of the hourly variation and composition of traffic.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[6] In terms of road safety, motorways have the advantage of the absence of opposite-directional and intersecting traffic, eliminating encounter and crossing accidents almost completely.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

On the other hand, higher speeds increase the number of derailment accidents.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Due to high volumes of traffic, the risk of rear-end accidents also increases, although this is not directly related to road type but more to traffic volumes regardless of road type.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Statistically, fewer fatal accidents and other personal injury accidents occur on highways relative to traffic volumes than other roads.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[7] The environmental impact of motorways is twofold: on the one hand, motorways streamline traffic and allow steady speeds, which may reduce exhaust emissions, at least in the short term.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, motorways also decentralise community structure and generate traffic when, for example, work is possible for more distant periods, thus increasing air pollution.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In addition, motorways take up a lot of space compared to other types of roads, and buildings often need to be demolished under motorways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Admittedly, the latter problem can be countered by planning for a sufficiently long term.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The Transportation Agency has developed a central railed motorway that lacks the traditional wide green lane between carriageways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Today, a through road similar to the Hämeenlinna motorway, which was built in the 1960s, would hardly be built anymore through the city centre.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A shopping centre is currently under construction in Hämeenlinna on top of the motorway as well as street connections, the obstacle effect will also be reduced.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A concrete deck is also planned over the highway in Lautsataari, on which housing would be located.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Noise caused by high traffic volumes and high speeds adversely affects the environment, which can be countered by noise barriers, fences and railings.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highways also create a barrier effect, which can be countered by building greenbacks and flyovers and tunnels, for example.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Finland, the cost of building a motorway is on average between 3 and 5 million euros per kilometer [8], although the cost varies from case to case: bridges and especially tunnels increase road prices.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

List of motorways in Finland Listed below are Finnish motorways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[9] If a motorway section is part of several roads, this is noted at the end of the line.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highway 1 Helsinki—Turku (length 165km) [10] Highway 2 Palojärvi, Vihti (length 1km, joins another motorway) Highway 3 Vantaa—Hämeenlinna—Tampere—Ylöjärvi (length 180km, partly shared with highway 9) Helsingby, Mustatasaari—Vaasa (length 15km, part joint Highway 8) Highway 4 Helsinki—Lahti—Lusi, Heinola (length 140km, partly shared with highway 7) Vaajakoski—Jyväskylä (length 6km, shared with highways 9, 13 and 23) Jyväskylä — Kirri (length 5km, joint with highway 13) Huutionmäki, Äänekoski (length 3km) Haaranilta, Liminka—Kello, Oulu (length 30km) Maksniemi, Simo—Kemi—Keminmaa (length 21km) Highway 5 Lusi, Heinola (4,3km) Humalajoki—Kuopio—Siilinjärvi (length 47km, partly shared with highway 9) Highway 6 Strawberry — Käpykangas— Imatra (length 10,4km) Käpykangas— Niittylahti, Joensuu (length 14 km, shared with highway 9).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Highway 7 Tatttarisuo, Helsinki—Kotka—Vaalimaa (length 173km, partly shared with Highway 15) Highway 8 Turku—Nousiainen (length 20km) Mustatasaari—Vaasa (14km, partly shared with Highway 3) Highway 9 Turku—Lieto as.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

(length 13km) Järviö—Konho, Akaa (length 1,2km) Konho-Lakalaiva— (length 32 km, shared with highway 3) Lakalaiva—Atala, Tampere (length 11km) Pukinniitty—Pumperi, Jyväskylä (length 4,8km) Vaajakoski—Jyväskylä (length 6 km, common highways 4, 13 and 23 with) Hop River- Kuopio-Vuorela (length 34 km, common share with highway 5) Ylämylly—Niittylahti, Joensuu (26 km, common share with highway 6 14 km and 11 km with highway 23) Highway 12 Tampere—Nokia (length 8.2km) Highway 25 Lohja, (length 1km, joins another motorway) Highway 29 Keminmaa—Tornio (length 14km) Kantatie 45 Helsinki—Ruotsinkylä, Tuusula (length 17.9km) Kantatie 51 Helsinki—Kirkkonummi (length 27km) Yhtetie 3495 Viinikka—Lakalaiva (Tampere Southern Entrance Road, length 2km) Yhtetie 6018 Jyväskylä (Jyväskylä — Vaajakoski motorway Jyväskylä, length 0,5km) The construction of Finland's first motorway, Helsinki Eastern Motorway (part of present-day Itäväkylä), started in 1950 on the Kulosaari Bridge.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The bridge and section through Kulosaari to Herttoniemi were opened in 1957 and a short section at Herttoniemi was completed in 1962 [11].


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The road is similar to a motorway (interchanges, separated carriageways), but does not fully meet the existing quality requirements for the motorway (there are bus stops, acceleration lanes very short, etc).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Finland's first actual motorway, Tarvontien (now.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Turunväylä), began to be built in 1956 between Munkkiniemi in Helsinki and Gumböle in Espoo.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The road was commissioned in 1962.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Over the next ten years, a large number of short motorway sections were built in Finland near major cities, especially Helsinki.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[12] The following motorways were completed in 1963 to Highway 8 from Turku to Raisio and the 1964 Hämeenlinna bypass to highway 3.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

1968 completed the motorway Lempääläntie from Tampere to Lempäälän Kulju.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Helsinki Helsinki, Lahdenväylä was first completed in 1967 from Old Town to Viikki, from where it was extended to Tattariharju in 1971 and Järvenpää in 1974.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The first section of Porvoonväylä was completed in 1972.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Compared to what is now, highways were generally aligned to run from a considerable close proximity to the city centre.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

During the 1960s, three sections parallel to the city centre were built; in Hämeenlinna, highway 3 was built to run as a motorway through the centre, as was Highway 7 to Karhula city centre in present-day Kotka as well as motorway but not fully meeting current motorway standards Passage of Rovaniemi on highway 4.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A motorway was also planned in Jyväskylä and Tampere just off the centre.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Jyväskylä, the road would have started from Keljo, running between Hippos and the university, beyond Harju and along Rajakatu to Taulumäki.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[13] It was possible to implement a 1.8 kilometre-long section of the planned road to the south of the centre.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

After the plans changed, the road has been classified as a regular road and is now called Länä-Päijänteentie, thus Finland's only discontinued motorway.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In Tampere, the road that bisects the centre would have run from Ratina to Lielahti.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

A tunnel would have been built in Pyynikki and the terrain in Pispala was leveled with a cross-country cut.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In the 1960s and 1970s, a motorway was planned in Helsinki from Länväkylä Ruoholahti through the centre to Sörnäinen in Itäväkylä.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

It would have run in the shaft of the harbour track from Ruoholahti to Parliament House and continued east of Mannerheimintie through Kaisaniemi Park to the North Shore and further along the Sörnäinen boardwalk to Itäväkylä.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

There were also plans for a motorway next to the railway line, Liberty Street, from central Helsinki to Pasila.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Many variations of the plans were put forward, many of which would have required the demolition of several historic buildings.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

According to some later plans, the freeway leading through the centre would be built in its entirety as an underground tunnel.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

According to the plans, among other things, the Pohjoinranta would have been motorway level, and the current Mallaskatu Tunnel was intended to be the southern ramp of the Länvää branch along Hietalahti beach.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

For the first time motorways were proposed in the Kråkströmin-Lindegren plan of 1954.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

As a result of the first oil crisis, the construction of motorways was greatly reduced, but because the effects of the crisis were visible in Finland somewhat later than other European states; for example, the 23 km motorway between Sipoo Massby and Porvoo was completed in 1979.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Many motorway lanes with interchanges were also built in major cities, including Hämeenlinnanväylä from The Hague to Kehä III in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area 1975-1977, among others.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Green motorway road signs were introduced in 1982.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[14] In the late 1980s, on the basis of the new economic outlook, it began to design new motorways again on a large scale, and with the coming into the 1990s, longer sections of motorway began to be built.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

First, a motorway was built from Vantaa to Hämeenlinna in 1988-1992 and later on to Lempäälä in 2000.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The motorway section of Lahdenvää (highway 4) was extended from Järvenpää first to Lahti and later to Heinola in 2005.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The most recently completed motorways include Highway 7 from Helsinki to Hamina (2015) and further from Hamina to Vaalimaa (2018).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Finland committed to building the entire E18 road between Turku and Vaalimaa as a motorway by 2018.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[15] The sections of the E18 road on Kehä III and the Turku Ring Road will not be signposted as motorways, although they will be upgraded to motorway levels in all respects.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The table at the end of the article lists the motorway sections in Finland by year of completion.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The future of Finland's motorways The table below lists the motorway projects to be implemented in the next few years.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[16] [17] In addition, some motorway sections were still built in major urban areas, but otherwise the construction of highways is likely to decline.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Instead, the Transportation Agency will focus on improving the main road network with lighter solutions, such as building midrailed bypass lanes.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The proposal of a Task Force of the Ministry of Transport and Communications for a trunk road network, completed in 2006, envisages the construction of a total of 240 km of motorways for the proposed trunk road network by 2030.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[8] Between 1990 and 2013, 595 km of new motorways have been completed.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[18] [19] On the other hand, 2+2 lanes, practically motorway lanes such as the Luumäki-Imatra road section, will be built roughly the same, including between Kangasala and Orivesi and Lauka and Äänekoski.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

[17] In Finland, the definition of motorway is very strict and, like the aforementioned section of Highway 6 or Rehä III, there are many road sections in Finland which in many other European countries would be defined directly as motorways.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

History of highways in the rest of the world United States The world's oldest actual freeway Automobilisation progressed fastest in the United States and there state and federal road administrations began building highways mostly for urban commuter rail in the 1920s halfway through.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, until the end of the 1930s they were generally short and single carriageway, known as motor transport roads.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

After the Depression period in the 1930s, public power would rather invest in more employable projects rather than building roads.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The oldest freeway in the world, subsequently partially demolished and partially converted into parkland, was the six-lane West Side Elevated Highway in New York City, the first sections of which were completed between 1929 and 1930.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Development of interurban motorways began in the United States in the 1930s when private companies built a few toll automobile only roads.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Of these, too, the first served only commuter rail lines to major cities.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Such was apparently the world's first actual freeway built between 1914 and 1925 on the Bronx River Parkway in New York City (25km).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, it was designed for a speed of only 40 kilometres per hour, which admittedly was quite adequate for 1910s cars in mind.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Toll urban commuter motorways built in the 1930s included the Henry Hudson Parkway in New York City in 1934 (16km), the Merrit Parkway in Boston in 1940 (60km), and the Arroyo Seco Parkway in Los Angeles in 1940 (15km).


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, due to the clammy attitude adopted by the federal government for building highways, the United States had already fallen behind Germany, where construction of a unified highway network had begun in 1933.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In the United States, freeways were sporadic and there was no overall plan, although car traffic there was many times that of Europe.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Freeway in the United States from highways are used for historical reasons with a variety of designations.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The oldest of the designations is Parkway (Parkway), which meant roads built in urban parks, which were intended to serve before the rest of the leisure movement of urban dwellers into the countryside.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The generic name was defined in 1930 as Freeway (Freeway), which meant a road that was free of intersections, light traffic, and pedestrians and thus allowed traffic to flow freely.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

First Interurban Motorway in the United States The first actual interurban freeway in the United States was the 160-mile (257km) long Pennsylvania Turnpike, built in 1935—40.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The road, made with private funding, relayed traffic across the Appalachian Mountains from the direction of Pittsburgh toward the East Coast.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Significantly, there was no major city near either terminus of the road; its only function was to speed up and ease traffic across the mountainous area.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Construction was facilitated and costs reduced by the fact that it could exploit sections of the railway which had remained unfinished and nearly finished tunnels.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Construction of the Interstate Highway Network The federal attitude towards interurban highways began to change in the late 1930s.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Especially getting acquainted with the German motorway network helped to understand its economic and military importance.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

In the United States, it was determined that it would not be possible to achieve a unified highway network through private funding and only by state action.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The federal government began planning for a nationwide highway barrier in 1941 and in 1944 a plan was adopted to build a 65,000 mile long highway network under federal guidance and support, The Federal-Aid Highway Act.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

However, World War II delayed the start of its implementation.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

It was not until 1947 that construction of some sections of road was initiated, but spending on the Korean War, which broke out just three years later, forced the federal government to cut road appropriations again.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

States were not willing to fund roads serving non-local transportation needs.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The federal contribution was also understated.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944 thus did not yet result in the desired outcome.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Dwight D. Eisenhower, who became president in 1953, had seen the value of German highways in practice while serving as commander-in-chief of Allied forces during World War II.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

He had become an ardent supporter of motorway construction and, by his order, the 1944 plan was thoroughly overhauled in 1956.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The new Federal-Aid Highway Act initiated the construction of the 66,000 kilometre freeway network as federal funding accounted for 90% of expenditure.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

For funding, steps were taken to tax fuels.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Thus, the United States highway system is officially referred to as The Eisenhower Interstate System.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The plan period was 20 years, meaning the network was to be ready in 1975.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Implementation started at a rapid pace: in the first five years, i.e. by 1961, about 9000 km of new highway had been built, and the total length of the Interstate network was already 16000 km, after previously built public and toll roads were connected to the system.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Since the mid-1970s, construction of highways has continued such that in 2000 the total length of highways in the United States was already nearly 90,000 miles.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Sweden Europe's first urban motorway was completed in 1943 as Söderleden across southern Stockholm.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Later the section is tunneled.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The first rural motorway, which is not considered an actual motor road today, was completed in the late 1940s near Gothenburg.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Europe's first complete interchange Slussen was also completed in Stockholm as early as 1935.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The then rural section from Malmö to Lund was completed as early as 1952-1953, when Britain, for example, had not even put the first to the structures.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

The Germany Autobahn is a German concept roughly equivalent to a motorway.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Motorway standards abroad See also Motorway Traffic Road Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Traffic and Fairways I| location = Helsinki| publisher = Finnish Association of Civil Engineers RIL r.y.| year = 2005| id = RIL 165-1.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISBN 951-758-459-8.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISSN 0356-9403}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Traffic and Fairways II| location = Helsinki| publisher = Association of Finnish Civil Engineers RIL r.y.| year = 2006| id = RIL 165-2.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISBN 951-758-464-4.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISSN 0356-9403}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Highways interfaces.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Part A| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tielaitos, Development Centre| year = 1994| id = TIEL 2130009.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISBN 951-47-6844-2| format = [online version] (PDF) | accessdate=23.9.2007}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Highways interfaces.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Part B| location = Helsinki| publisher = Tielaitos, Development Centre| year = 1993| id = TIEL 2130008.


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

ISBN 951-47-6843-4| format = [online version] (PDF) | accessdate = 23.9.2007}} References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Castrén, Sampo & Wicker, Ances| title = Monoa for highways!


Question: Where was the world's first motorway built?

Motorway

Pamphlet against the further construction of motorways | location = Helsinki| publisher = Like| year = 2003| id = ISBN 952-471-092-7}} On the subject elsewhere The locations of the ends of motorway sections are mentioned in parentheses.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Kiwi is a common name for the fruit of plants belonging to the genus of patchcreepers.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The most common kiwi is the fruit of the kiwi (Actinidia deliciosa), which is brown slightly bigger than the egg, green fruit inside.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

It is oval in shape, and surrounded by a thin hairy shell.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The very sweet fruit flesh is charm green except for the core part where it is white.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The seeds are small and hennously purple in colour and surround the whitish fruit flesh.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

History Kiwi originated in China.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

From there, the seeds of the plant were brought to New Zealand in 1906 by Isabel Fraser, who, in his capacity as headmaster of Wanganui Girls' College, went to become acquainted with the Chinese school establishment.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The seeds were planted by gardener Alexander Allison, and it was not until 1910 that the first fruits were obtained from the garlands.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Hayward Wright developed the Hayward variety in the 1930s, on the basis of which commercial production of the species gradually began in the 1940s.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

From New Zealand, the fruit was imported into Europe, where they have only been received since the 1970s.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The name dates back to the kiwi, the national bird of New Zealand.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The surface of the fruit resembles the feathers of a bird.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

The fruit used to be known in Finland as Chinese gooseberry (translated from the old English name Chinese gooseberry).


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Classification Patch plants include 94 species, seven of which are cultivated because of their fruits.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Nutritional content Kiwi is rich in vitamin C, from one kiwi fruit gets a sufficient daily dose of vitamin C [1].


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Kiwi is also a good source of vitamin K and moderately good vitamin E.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

[2] Mineral substances in kiwi contain significant concentrations of potassium and copper.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Due to the high content of dietary fiber, kiwi may have laxative effects.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Kiwi also contains a large number of allergens.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

[3] Some birch allergy sufferers, in addition to birch, can get symptoms from kiwi, among other things.


Question: From which country does the Kiwi fruit originally come from?

Kiwi (fruit)

Sources on the topic elsewhere Fineli: Category:Fruit Category:Key articles of screening


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Soft drink is a common designation for variously prepared non-alcoholic or low (up to 2.8%) alcohol-containing beverages.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[1] They can be consumed both with food and as such as a thirst satisfier.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Soft drinks include mineral waters, fruit juice and essence monates, non-alcoholic wines and kvass.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[2] Many soft drinks consist mainly of water, sugar and flavourings.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[3] A variety of acids such as phosphoric acid, carbonated and citric acid are also often included in soft drinks.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[4] Light, or light soft drinks, use artificial sweeteners such as aspartame and acesulfame instead of sugar.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[3] [5] [6] Well-known soft drink brands include Coca-Cola, Dr Pepper, Mountain Dew, Sprite, 7 Up, Pepsi and Fanta.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[7] Caffeinated soft drinks are called energy drinks, although they do not actually contain energy more than other soft drinks.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[8] Energy drink brands include Red Devil, ED, Mad Croc, Power and Red Bull.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[9] Soft drinks are usually sold in cans or bottles, bars also by glass so that water, flavour syrup and carbonated acid are combined on the counter.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

People in the United States often drink their soft drinks with ice, and the custom has spread to US-style burger venues.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Consumption Finns drink carbonated soft drinks an average of about 60 liters per year, Norwegians about 115 and Swedes about 75 liters.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[10] Sugar-free light soft drinks are more popular among women than men in Finland.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[11] Health Effects Sugary soft drinks contain high energy, but getting energy through them does not cause a feeling of satiety equivalent to consuming solid food.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

In addition, soft drinks contain very little or no nutrients.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[12] According to a summary study by the World Cancer Fund, consumption of highly sugared beverages should be reduced because they gain weight and therefore increase the risk of cancer.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[13] There is a regular public debate on the safety of sweeteners used in light drinks.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[14] Their effects on teeth have also been studied and found that aspartame does not cause holes.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

However, due to their acidity, light drinks cause harm to the hard tissue of the teeth.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[5] History in Finland Sales of soft drinks can be considered to have started in 1865, when August Ludvig Hartwall established mineral water kiosks in Helsinki, which also sold mineral water mixed with sweet juices (and a mixture of Koskenkoru liquor and mineral water, “kossuvissy” precursor).


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

The summer of 1865 was hot and the quality of well waters in Helsinki was poor, so the drinks did their trade.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

The first bottled soft drinks in Finland were Omenapur and Lemon soda.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Officially, Coca-Cola came to Finland at the Helsinki Olympics in 1952, although Stockmann in Helsinki had Coca-Cola already available in the 1930s.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[15] Soft drinks only became common in Finland in the 1950s and remained a party drink until the 1970s.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

More, a laboratory study commissioned by the French magazine 60 Millions de Consommateurs looked at France's 19 most popular soft drinks.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Ten of the drinks studied were found to have trace amounts of alcohol.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Coca-Cola and Pepsi had an alcohol content of about 0.001 percent.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

[16] [17] See also Lemon soda Sources En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

Use {{lang-en}} or {{en icon}} instead.


Question: Who invented aspartame?

Soft drink

References * Category:Key Articles of Screening


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

is a visual novel game developed and published by American team Salvato using the Ren'Py game engine.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

It was released on September 22, 2017, and is available for Windows and macOS.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[1] The game follows a male high school student who joins his school's literary club and ends up dealing with its four female members.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

While Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

appears initially to be a conventional bishōjo dating simulator in which the player seeks to mingle with members of the opposite sex, it actually represents psychological horror and contains plenty of fourth wall breaking and metafiction.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[2] [3] The game was developed over a period of about two years by Dan Salvato, who prior to the game's release was primarily known as Super Smash Bros.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

From the mods they made to the Melee game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

According to Salvato, the inspiration for making the game came from his conflicting feelings towards anime and his interest in psychological horror.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[4] Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Combines superficial cuteness typical of visual novel games with elements of horror, while also tackling more serious topics such as depression and anxiety.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[5] The game achieved cult fame upon its release, [4] and the metafiction and horror it contains received acclaim from critics.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

PC Gamer magazine said it was one of the most surprising games of 2017.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[5] On the Steam distribution platform, 97% of user reviews it receives are positive.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[1] Playing Because Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

is a visual novel game, the gameplay consists mainly of following the story and dialogue without the ability to influence the flow of the plot.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Occasionally, the player is allowed to make decisions that can affect events in the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

In addition, the game features one minigame in which the player writes poetry as part of a literary club activity.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Every girl in the literary club likes different stylistic things, and so the words chosen by the player affect who likes the poem the most.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

If the player chooses words that please the girl they like and the right options in conversations, additional scenes will open in the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Scenes unlocked during the game affect which of the endings the player receives at the conclusion of the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Plot A childhood friend of the player-controlled protagonist, Sayori, invites her to accompany her to the school's literary club.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

There he meets fellow club members Yuri and Natsuki, as well as club manager Monika.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The protagonist begins to participate in club activities and, among other things, write poetry and share them with others, and slowly becomes more intimate with the girls.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The club is getting ready for the impending festival when Sayori unexpectedly reveals to the protagonist that she has suffered her whole life from severe depression and confesses that she loves this.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

As festival day approaches, instead of Sayor's usual, bittersweet poem in style, the protagonist receives a dark poem from him, whose speaker repeatedly tells someone to get out of his head.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

When Sayori no longer responds to his text messages, the protagonist leaves the club meeting and hurries to Sayori's home.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Sayori is found hanging in his room.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Glitches begin to enter the game, and as the protagonist ponders whether he could have saved Sayor by acting differently, the game ends abruptly.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The player ends up back in the main menu, with all previous saves gone.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The new game starts in the same way as the previous one, but there is unreadable text in Sayor's lines and name status.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Glitch comes into the game again, and it starts over, but this time Sayori is missing from the game altogether, and the texts and images that previously referenced her have either been deleted or replaced with glitches and images combined with images of other characters.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Instead of Sayor, the main character invites Monika to the club.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Things are starting to happen more and more bizarre and worrying in the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

When the protagonist finds Yuri cutting himself, the game rewinds itself backwards and continues as if nothing has happened.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game begins to show shocking and surprising images, for example, Natsuki's neck breaks in the middle of a conversation.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game also begins to prevent the player from making choices in conversations that do not favor Monika.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Just before the party, Yuri gives the protagonist a bloodstained, completely illegible poem, and Natsuki lacks a face in some conversations.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Yuri confesses that he loves the protagonist and then stabs himself in the stomach and chest.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game again comes glitch, as a result of which the protagonist involuntarily spends the whole weekend at school next to Yuri's body.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

On Monday, Natsuki arrives at the scene, vomits upon seeing the body and flees the scene.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Monika comes after him, apologizes and deletes Yuri and Natsuki's “character files”.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game starts over again.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

In the new game, the protagonist ends up in a room sitting face-to-face with Monika.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Monika explains that she is aware that she is in the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He explains that he can manipulate the game's files so that other characters' personalities change, and even remove other characters entirely from the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He admits that he has made Sayori more depressed and strengthened Yuri's obsessive personality in order to diminish the protagonist's interest in them.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

As the reason for this, Monika recounts the identity crisis that followed from the fact that she was not conceived in the game as the kind of character the protagonist can fall in love with.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

After that, he starts talking to the protagonist rather than the player himself and says he loves this.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game continues in this room, where the player chats with Monika about various topics for so long until himself goes to the game folder and deletes Monika's character file from there.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

When the player does this, glitch enters the game and Monika panics when she is removed from the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He's angry at the player at first, but then calms down and says he still loves the player.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

She regrets everything she has done, returns the other girls to the game and removes herself.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Endings There are two different endings in the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The choices made during the game affect which one the player sees.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

In the normal ending, after Monika is removed, the game starts again at the beginning similar to the original game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Shortly after the protagonist has met Yuri and Natsuki, Sayori reveals to the player that now that he is the head of the literary club, he knows everything about the game and what happened to Monika.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He plans to use the game in the same way as Monika.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Upon hearing this, Monika immediately returns to the game and, via a command prompt, removes Sayor's saves the player.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Monika's voice is heard for the first time as she afterwards speaks to the player and sings the song “Your Reality” while the closing credits begin to roll on screen.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

During the end credits, Monika slowly deletes game files.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

At the end of the credits, a message written by Monika appears on the screen in which she says she disbanded the literary club because there was no happiness to be found there.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Instead of the normal ending, it is also possible to get an alternate ending if the player has unlocked hidden scenes of all three girls during a single walkthrough.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

This requires the game to be saved and reloaded several times before Sayor's suicide.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

After removing Monika, Sayori accepts in this ending her reality and tearfully thanks the player for trying to make all the girls happy.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He bids farewell to the player, hoping that he will come to visit again again and telling him that all the girls love him.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

After that, he deletes the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

During the closing credits, “Your Reality” plays again, but after them, a thank-you letter written by the game's creator Dan Salvato comes onscreen.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Although it is not an actual ending, one way to get the game to end is to delete Monika's character file even before starting the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Sayor then becomes the leader of the club, but after realizing the nature of the game and his role in it, he hijacks control of the game, deletes all character files and closes the game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

If the player attempts to continue the game, a black screen tells of the end of the game, followed by a picture of the hanging Sayor.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

After about ten minutes, the text “Now everyone can be happy” appears next to the picture.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Regardless of how the game ends, playing it again requires either reinstalling the entire game or restoring the game files to their original state.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Authors, development and publication of Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

is Dan Salvato's first-born game, which he developed in secret for about two years [4] before it was released on September 22, 2017.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[1] The game is free, but you can pay the amount you want.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Ten dollars will get you a fan pack that includes, among other things, wallpapers and the game's soundtrack.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[6] Salvato has said he was inspired to make the game from his “hate-love affair” with the anime.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Because he knew that a stereotypical anime featuring only “cute girls doing cute things” strongly divides opinions, he sought to make a game that would be interested in both anime lovers and haters.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Salvato wanted the game to make people initially consider it just a regular anime game, but eventually care about the characters and even fear them.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

According to Salvato, he is inspired by “things that are scary because they make a person feel uncomfortable, and not just because they look scary.”


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[4] Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

Combines superficial cuteness typical of visual novel games with elements of horror, while also tackling more serious topics such as depression and anxiety.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[5] In addition to designing and programming the game itself, Salvato also scripted the game's story and composed the music for it.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

The game's characters were drawn by Satchely and the backgrounds by Velinquent.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[7] Reception Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

gained a cult reputation shortly after its release.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[8] [4] In the first month it was downloaded million times, [9] and broke the two-million downloads limit about a month later.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[10] The game was positively received by critics.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[5] Kotaku's Gita Jackson described it as a “really special game” and urged anyone “who likes horror games, especially those that go under the skin, to check out the Doki Doki Literature Club”.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[11] GQ's Tom Philip reported it to be one of the scariest games he played and said the game contained “in a nasty way some of the most inventive ways of narrative” ever seen.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

He did, however, criticise how in the game you sometimes have to click through the poetry of endless, empty, flirtatious conversations.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[8] In the audience vote for IGN Entertainment's 2017 Awards Gala, Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

was the best computer game and [12] adventure game of the year (in addition to which it also ranked second in the actual prize vote) [13], its story was the best [14] and it was the most innovative game.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[15] Electronic Gaming Monthly magazine's list of the 25 best games of 2017 Doki Doki Literature Club!


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

was ranked 16th.


Question: Who developed the Ren'Py game engine?

Doki Doki Literature Club!

[16] Sources on the topic elsewhere Category:Video games of 2017 Category:Video games developed in the United States Category:Visual novel games Category:Free to play category:Indie video games Category:79.8 Games, games, collectible


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi (right called Alexis Stenvall [1], 10 October 1834, Nurmijärvi — 31 December 1872 Tuusula) was a Finnish writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Kivi wrote the novel Seven Brothers (1870), plays such as Nummisuutarrit (1864) and poems.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] [3] The stone texts have both romantic and realistic features.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Kivi was able to create a high level of production in several fields of literature at a time when the tradition of Finnish-language literature, with the exception of folk poetry, did not exist.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] [3] Kivi was the first Finnish professional writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[4] Since the Kivi Renaissance of the early 20th century, he has been Finland's national writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[5] A number of Aleksis Kivi's poems and song texts included in his works have been composed as songs.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

These include “The Happy Ones”, “The Swing”, “Song of the Forest Man”, “Song of the Squirrel”, “Song of My Heart”, “The Power of Seven Men”, “What I Worried About”.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[6] Family background Kivi's grandfather Johan Stenvall had had a military croft in Nurmijärvi Palojoki since 1766.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The oldest known ancestors are, according to Yrjö Blomstedt, from Janakkala.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

His maternal father Antti Hamberg lived as a blacksmith in Nahkela, Tuusula.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Stone's paternal grandfather Anders Johan Stenvall was a sailor.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The writer's own father, Erik Stenvall, had lived in Helsinki during his childhood.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] In his 1979 book “Paloon Stenvallit”, the art historian Jaakko Puokka suggested that Kivi's father would have been an illegitimate son of the noble family of Adlercreutz.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Scientists have queried this.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] [8] Teemu Keskisarja also considers this in his biography of Kivi the Bootskin Tower, [9] which in turn Mervi Kantokorpi is surprised when previous biographers have already rejected the gossip that is devoid of fact [10].


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Biographer Aleksis Stenvall was born in 1834 in Nurmijärvi in the village of Palojoki to the family of tailor Erik Johan Stenvall (1798−1866) and Anna-Kristiina Hamberg (1793−1863).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The family had a pre-existing three sons, John, Emanuel and Albert.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis also had a sister Agnes, who died in 1851 aged just 13.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Literary tendencies Aleksis showed evident early in his exploitation of “runeberg” to the home crowd.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[11] Aleksis Stenvall wrote in the form of his first name Alexis and performed through his life as Stenvall.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone was essentially a writer's name.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Stone's native language was Finnish, but his parents also knew Swedish.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Aleksis Kivi acquired proficiency in Swedish after moving to Helsinki at the age of 12 for school, which was a prerequisite for reading as a matriculation and still a priest.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] The mother wished Alexis to become a priest.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Lack of funds forced Stone to suspend regular schooling and resign from the third grade in 1852.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Thereafter, he continued his chapters privately, matriculating at the age of 23 in the autumn of 1857.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

In 1821—1868, only seven Nurmijärvi boys wrote matriculation.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Of these seven, Aleksis was the only child of the common people; all the others were children of weathermen.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

In his matriculation year 1857, Kivi decided to abandon priestly dreams and become a Finnish-language writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] After his university studies, Kivi moved to Siuntio, first in a rented residence, but he subsequently found a benefactor in Charlotta Lönnqvist, twenty years older, who allowed Stone to live in full board practically free of charge.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Later scholars have argued over whether the relationship between Stone and Lönnqvist was erotic or not.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Stone's most prominent supporter was Fredrik Cygnaeus, to whom Kivi matriculated.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Cygnaeus repeatedly placed his entire expertise and prestige in support of Stone's career as a writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Financial support Kivi also received from Julius Krohn and his father.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] [12] Stone's best friends were a group of J. V. Snellman's pro-Finnish upbringing from Ostrobothnia: Jaakko Forsman, Johan Calamnius and C.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

G. Swan.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Other important friends of Stone included A.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

R. Svanström, Adolf Theodor Forssell, Ernst Albert Forssell, Emil Nervander, Thiodolf Rein and Viktor Löfgren-Lounasmaa.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[4] Since the performance of the play Lea in 1869, Kaarlo Bergbom, the theatre manager who made Kivi's plays familiar with him since 1864.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

As his best friend, he has mentioned his fellow forester Robert Svanström in his letters.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] Aleksis Kivi had no regular income at all.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone suffered in the last years of his life from insomnia and worsening alcoholism.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Shortages of money, debts, poor track record of books, constant criticism of Professor August Ahlqvist and compulsory living in rural areas depressed Stone.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[13] Alexis Kivi had suffered pains and bodily weakness all his life, and he also had typhoid fever on more than one occasion.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone's condition took a distinct turn for the worse beginning in the spring of 1870, and he began to suffer from severe headaches, heart problems, attacks of nausea and thermoregulation disorders, among other things.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[14] Stone's only first-born novel The Seven Brothers was first published as a booklet from the Novelli Library.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[15] [14] Following criticism from Ahlqvist, the publisher suspended the sale of the booklets. [16] [17].


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The reason was that August Ahlqvist, Professor of Finnish Language and Literature at the University of Helsinki, who had slated all of Kivi's previous works, wrote a murderous review published in Finlands Allmänna Tidning immediately after the novel appeared.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Numerous people agreed with Ahlqvist's reproaches without anyone rising up to defend the novel.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[14] Kivi began to have transient “mental attacks” in the autumn and was delivered in spring 1871 to the New Clinic in Helsinki, from where he was sent further to Lapinlahti Asylum.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

In Lapinlahdi, Kivi's illness was diagnosed as chronic melancholy, thought to be caused by blood loss, drunkenness and insulted writer glory.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

As treatments, quinine [14], defecation and expectorants and morphine [16] were used.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone was still able to speak when he was hospitalised in June, but lost his ability to speak and exercise during the fall and did not even recognise his brother in the end.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The stone was discharged in February 1872 after doctors found that the treatments had no desirable effect on the condition of the patient.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Alpertti brother took him to live with him at that time in Syvälahti, Tuusula, where he died aged just 38 in December 1872.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[14] There is no definite information as to the true disease and cause of death of the stone.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

According to psychiatrist Lauri Saarnio, Stone's symptoms suggested some organ brain disease.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

In the 2010s, it has been suggested that Stone's symptoms and death would have been caused by encephalitis or Alzheimer's disease caused by the bacterium borrelia.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[18] Aleksis Kivi's grave is in the Tuusula Church cemetery.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[19] After the death of the stone, Ahlqvist wrote a poem of desecration which appeared in the collection Saken (1874): [20] [21] A poet from his grave “Poets” was crossed, was said to be Shakespeare, Verra Väinö claimed: Other' I was not like The most inept grower and crazy liquor drinker but.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Production, style and reputation The early stages of Stone's literary development were marked by romanticism, but his actual inclinations clearly suggested realism.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi — whose name he first used as a writer in connection with the Kullervo manuscript of 1860 — was unable to go abroad for financial reasons, but at least he did visit Turku.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

However, the circle of his readership extended from school and university books to world literature.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone read everything from Held and Corvin's World History to works on chemistry analyses, newspapers, plays by Erik Stagnelius and William Shakespeare.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Literary influences he received especially from Shakespeare, Miguel de Cervantes and Louis Holberg.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] Stone's most significant literary production can be considered to have started with the subsequently lost Swedish play Bröllopsdansen.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] In 1860, Kivi won a competition organised by the Finnish Literature Society with Kullervo.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] As a result of the Finnish version of Bröllopsdansen, Nummisuutarit was awarded the State Prize in 1865.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The prize was presented for the first time at the time and was competed for by Johan Ludvig Runeberg, the leading author of his time.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Moor mutars is still the most produced domestic speech play.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[3] In 1866 the plays Fugitive, Betrothal and Olviretki appeared in Schleusingen, as well as Kanervala, a poetry collection published by Kivi himself.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The following year appeared the plays Leo and Liina, Night and Day, Heroics, Lea and Canzio.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] Of Kivi's fifteen plays, only Lea was performed during his lifetime, whose first performance in 1869 is calculated to have originated the Finnish theatre.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] The Seven Brothers, which attained the status of national novel, were published in 1870 as booklets from the Novelli Library.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Finnish Literature Society's scholars issued a commendable statement about the novel and defended the writer at a meeting of the Society after August Ahlqvist's crushing criticism.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Subsequent readers have spoken to include the novel's character description, humour and rich language [2].


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Stone's plays and novel combine realism and humour.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The combination is still one of the most distinctive features of Finnish literature.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The proximity to nature and the understanding of non-adaptable individuals, folk people, have also been central themes of Finnish literature since those times.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[22] Stone became a national writer.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

He was the first professional writer published in Finnish.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[23] He showed with his work that in Finnish you can write poetry and plays, even a novel.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[24] The stone fulfilled Snellman's ambitions for national literature better than the writers of the National Romanticism period: he wrote in Finnish and told of his own time.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[22] The best plays of Stone have been part of the permanent repertoire of Finnish theatre.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Film adaptations have also been made of Nummisuutari, Seven Brothers, Betrothal and Life of Kivi.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

His works have been translated into an estimated 40 languages [25], including the Seven Brothers into more than 20 languages and the Kullervo play being translated into Chinese.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[26] Selected works of stone have appeared as several institutions, first appearing in 1877—1878.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Otava published in 1969 a trinite selection of Aleksis Kivi's masterpieces illustrated by Erkki Tantu.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[27] In 2010, text-critical editions of Kivi's works began to be published by the Finnish Literature Society.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The editions are based on research into manuscripts and first editions and other original material.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Attached to the text are an introduction and an extensive commentary section.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

So far, a selection of letters has been published under the direction of Jyrki Nummi and the plays Nummisuutarit and Kullervo.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[28] Commendations National writer Aleksis Kivi's day is celebrated on his birthday on October 10, which is also the day of flagging.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

At the same time, it is also the Day of Finnish Literature and the anniversary of the University of Helsinki University of Southern Finland.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Until the 1960s, it was also a public holiday in Finnish schools.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Seven brothers have had a strong position in Finnish school education.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[2] In memory of the writer and poet, the Aleksis Kiven Society has been founded in 1941.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Aleksis Kivi club of Turku has been based in Turku since 1945.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

His birth home in Palojoki, Nurmijärvi, was restored and organized as a museum in 1952.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's death cottage, purchased by the University of Helsinki Student Union from Albert Stenvall in 1910, can be seen in Tuusula.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

In the cottage you can see the Stone Bible and the deathbed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[29] There are plaques marking the writer's residence in Katajanokka, the Forum Business Centre and Tapaninkylä in Helsinki.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[30] During their tenement, the Russians dismantled the croft of Fanjunkars in Siuntio, where Kivi wrote the main part of his production.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

New Fanjunkars was inaugurated as a cultural house in 2006.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[31] Since 1953, in Aleksis Kivi's birthplace, Palojoki, Nurmijärvi, a Kivi-Juhti theatre event has been held during the summer, where Kivi's production is performed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The performance venue is Stone's childhood playground.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Streets called Aleksis Kivi street can be found in several Finnish cities, including Helsinki Alppiharju and central Tampere.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[32] On the 100th anniversary of Kivi's birth in the Helsinki Alppiharju in 1934, Finland's largest national school was named Aleksis Kivi School.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Today it is a unified elementary school for grades 1-9.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[33] [34] The following films have been made about the life of the stone: [35] I Live, Dir.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Ilmari Unho in 1946.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi starred as Rauli Tuomi.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi, Dir.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Tapani Itäranta in 1984.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi starred as Asko Sarkola.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Life of Aleksis Kivi, Dir.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Jari Halonen in 2002.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi starred Marko Tiusanen.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Harri Saksala has composed and recorded an album of Kivi's poems.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Aleksis Kivi album containing eleven works appeared in 1984.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[36] Einojuhani Rautavaara has composed an opera by Aleksis Kivi, which tells stylistically about Kivi's life.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The opera makes extensive use of both Stone's own and those of his opponent August Ahlqvist.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[37] In the Great Finns competition 2004, the stone was voted to ninth place.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[38] Monuments There are a total of 11 statues and monuments of Aleksis Stone.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

No photographs have reportedly survived of him; therefore all sculptures and images made of him are based on drawings.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[39] At the Helsinki Rautatientori, in front of the National Theatre, there is a statue of Aleksis Kivi sculpted by Wäinö Aaltonen in 1939.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The park in front of Nurmijärvi Library contains a statue sculpted by Aukusti Veuro in 1934.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[7] The stone busts are in the ballroom of the Nurmijärvi Community School and sculpted by Erland Stenberg (1879) at the National Theatre.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Erland Stenberg, who may have known or seen the stone, also designed the writer's grave statue (1877).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[19] In the park of the Old Library Hall in Tampere there is a sculpture of the Poet and the Muse, sculpted by Wäinö Aaltonen, unveiled in 1928.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

A statue of Aleksis Kivi by Wäinö Aaltonen was unveiled in 1949 in front of the former Hotel Phoenix, the main building of the University of Turku, which was reerected in 1962 in front of the theatre building.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[40] There is also a memorial statue of Aleksis Kivi by Wäinö Aaltonen (1930) at the Central Market in Mänttä.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[41] In Hyrylä in Tuusula, Jääkäri Park there is a statue of Aleksis Kivi by Alpo and sculpted by Nina Sailo (1984).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

[42] Works Plays Kullervo (1864).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Lea (published 1869).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Moor Moors (1864).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Fugitives (1865).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Engagement (1866).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Straw excursion in Schleusingen (1866).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Night and Day (1866).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Leo and Liina (1867).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Canzio (1868).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Margareta (published 1871).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Selma plots.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Novel of Seven Brothers (1870).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Poetry collection Kanervala (1866) Poems; Short narratives (1916).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

E-book at the Gutenberg Project.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The Tales of Mountain Trolls.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Story from Nurmijärvi (1864) Erika (1859) Koto and shackles (1850s) The stories of Aleksis Kivi.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Illustrated by Matti Visanti.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Publishing company Nide Oy, Hämeenlinna (no year of publication).


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Letters (Agricola-Finnish History Network, Finnish Languages Research Centre) Kivi, Aleksis, Letters.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Critical edition.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Ed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Juhani Niemi (editor-in-chief), Sakari Katajamäki, Ossi Kokko, Petri Lauerma and Jyrki Nummi.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Editorials of the Finnish Literature Society 1386, Science.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Huddersfield: SKS 2012.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

ISBN 978-952-222-390-6 Translations into other languages by Alex Matson, Seven Brothers.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

1st Institution, New York: Coward-McCann, 1929.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

2nd institution, Helsinki: Tammi, 1952.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

3rd Institution, ed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Irma Rantavaaran, Helsinki: January, 1973.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Impola, Richard A., Seven Brothers.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

New Paltz, NY: Finnish-American Translators Association, 1991.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Douglas Robinson, Heath Cobblers (Moor Muthers) and Kullervo.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

St. Cloud, MN: North Star Press of St. Cloud, 1993.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Douglas Robinson, The Brothers Seven.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Bucharest, Romania: Zeta Books, 2017.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Sources Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Teemu Middleweight| title = Boot Leather Tower| publisher = Bridge| year = 2018| isbn = 978-952-234-497-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Finnish encyclopedia 4, kanar—kar| location = Espoo| publisher = Weilin + Göös| year = 1990| id = ISBN 951-35-4648-9| page = 307-308}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Large persony| location = Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 2001| id = ISBN 951-0-26140-8| page = 336}} Check date values in: |daaccessory te= (help) References Literature Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Aaltonen, Jukka & Lahti, Ilpo & Salminen, Jouko K.| title = Now neither fear nor tremor helps.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's health, letters, dreams and seven brothers| location = Turku| publisher = Turku Aleksis Kivi -Club| year = 2015| id = ISBN 978-952-93-5532-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Holma Jaakko| title = True or Fable?


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

The museum value and authenticity of Aleksis Kivi's death cottage| publisher = University of Jyväskylä | year = 2011| version = pro gradu| format = [online version] | accessdate = 28.3.2016}} Juutinen, Juha: Birds in Aleksis Kivi's production.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Birdman 4/1985, p.174—181.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Ketone, Oiva| title = Destiny Options.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi, August Ahlqvist and the low civic bravery of civilization| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1989| id = ISBN 951-0-16013-X}} Kinnunen, Aarne: Nummisuutarrit comedy in five acts (1994) Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kinnununen En, Aarne| title = Plays by Aleksis Kivi.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Analysis and examination of time flows in light | location = Porvoo Helsinki| publisher = WSOY| year = 1967| version = Dissertation: University of Helsinki}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Kivi, Aleksis| title = Letters.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Critical editio| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = 2012| version = Editor-in-Chief Juhani Niemi| id = ISBN 978-952-222-390-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Lehtonen, J. V.| title = Nurmijärvi's son.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Photos of Aleksis Kivi's life| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1934| id = ISBN 978-951-0-34891-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Meri, Veijo| title = Aleksis Stenvall's life| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 1975| version = 4th augmented edition (1st edition 1973) | id = ISBN 951-1-10489-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sea, Veijo| title = Elon island here.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi background| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-1-07994-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Kivi| location = Jyväskylä | publisher = Gummerus| year = 1984| id = ISBN 951-20-| 2525-6}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Snow-White Cloth.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi and love| location = Helsinki| publisher = Like| year = 1998| id = ISBN 951-578-579-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Son of the Forest.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi life| location = Helsing| publisher = Thought | year = 2004| id = ISBN 951-20-6677-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Rahikainen, Esko| title = Impivaaran Kaski.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi as a corner| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature | year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-222-107-0}} Douglas Robinson, Aleksis Kivi and/as World Literature.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Leiden and Boston: Brill.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Sihvo, Hannes| title = Living Stone: Aleksis Kivi during his time | location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature| year = 2002| isbn = 951-746-421-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Tarkiainen, Viljo| title = Aleksis Stone.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Life and works| location = Porvoo Helsinki Juva| publisher = WSOY| year = 1984| version = 6th edition (1st edition 1915) | id = ISBN 951-0-12389-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| author = Yli-Paavola, Jaakko & Laaksonen, Pekka (ed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

) | title = Stroller.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Aleksis Kivi's Society album| location = Helsinki| publisher = Society of Finnish Literature | year = 2009| id = ISBN 978-952-222-135-3}} On the subject elsewhere Free to download Aleksis Kivi e-books from the National Library, and.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

. (The page publishes current writer-related news.)


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

. web publication, Finnish Literature Society, 2007.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Ed.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Sakari Katajamäki, Ossi Kokko and Elina Kela.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

FIN-CLARIN: Finnish Language Resource Infrastructure/CSC — Centre for Science Technology: Kielipankki 2013.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

(A corpus of Aleksis Kivi's letters, works manuscripts and editions published during the writer's lifetime.)


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Material from the Kivifooty seminars organised by the University of Helsinki in Finnish Literature 1999-2002.


Question: What was Aleksis Stone's first book?

Aleksis Stone

Category:86.1 General history of literature * Category:Those born in 1834 Category:Those who died in 1872 Category:Key articles of screening


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Health behaviour refers to the totality of lifestyle factors important to health.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

In addition to health behaviors, sometimes we talk about lifestyle, and these terms are almost synonymous with each other.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Health behaviours are divided into health-promoting (e.g. healthy eating habits, adequate sleep and physical activity) and health-consuming lifestyles (e.g. smoking, substance abuse, physical inactivity) [1].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Traditionally, smoking, drinking habits, diet and exercise habits have been considered the main forms of health behaviours.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

These have been called the sacred foursome (“the holy four”).


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

These aspects of health behaviour have been the most studied.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Nowadays, four could be associated with adequate quality sleep, as more and more data on the health effects of sleep begin to be studied [2].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Forms of health behaviour have been studied in medical and social sciences alike.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Where medical scientists have been most interested in the effects of lifestyle on different indicators of health status, social scientists have focused on examining, for example, the distribution of health behaviors between different populations or people's own experiences.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

For example, food habits affect the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and many cancers [3].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

On the other hand, we know that the socioeconomic status of an individual is linked to the healthiness of food habits and, for example, women eat healthier than men [4] [5] [6] [7].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Consequently, interdisciplinarity is necessary from the point of view of public health promotion.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

The Importance of Lifestyle to Public Health Public health refers to the overall health of the population.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

In the developed Western world, there has been a so-called epidemiological transition in public health.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

The phenomenon means that, as the country becomes prosperous, first the upper classes begin to suffer more from cardiovascular diseases, for example, but as prosperity continues, these ailments become diseases of ordinary working men.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Today, advanced societies are tormented by infectious diseases rather than chronic diseases [8].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Unlike infectious diseases, these chronic diseases are strongly linked to lifestyle factors.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Chronic diseases include cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and some musculoskeletal disorders.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Folk diseases refer to diseases that have a great impact on public health, and often mortality.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Often, folk diseases also cause significant labor losses due to a decrease in working capacity.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

[9] In Finland, the largest group of causes of death is cardiovascular diseases [8].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Common to many folk diseases common in Finland are common risk factors, many of which relate to lifestyle.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

For example, an unhealthy diet increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, while exercise reduces risks [10].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

As an example, type 2 diabetes can be used.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Type 2 diabetes has increased globally alongside rising obesity rates and an ageing population.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Type 2 diabetes causes significant quality-of-life complications and premature mortality.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

It is estimated that in many European countries, costs associated with diabetes cover between 5% and 11% of health expenditure.


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

[11] From lifestyle to risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes, smoking, low physical activity, sleep deprivation and unhealthy diet have been identified [12].


Question: What is synonymous with diabetes?

Health behaviors

Thus, type 2 diabetes could be prevented through lifestyle changes, and this could potentially both improve public health and save government funds.