Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

[81] A Floridian rock band called The Royal Guardsmen recorded the humorous song “Snoopy vs.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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the Red Baron”, which told of Ressu's fictional aerial battles as a World War I pilot hero against the Red Baron.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[180] [181] Mauri “Moog” Konttinen later translated the same song into Finnish and recorded it as “Ressu ja Punainen Paroni”.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[182] American composer Ellen Taaffe Zwilich composed a six-part chamber orchestra series for Peanuts® gallery in 1996, which premiered the following year at New York's Carnegie Hall.


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[183] Painter Tom Everhart has made paintings of Peanuts since the 1980s, based on Schulz's drawings.


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As for Schulz's wish, he is the only one with official permission for this.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[184] Due to its popularity, Peanov has been parodied countless times.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Among other things, the comic book magazine MAD excelled by publishing dozens of Peanivat parodies.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[185] Schulz said himself that he appreciated the skills of MAD's cartoonists.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[186] He also drew one Peanut strip in 1973, which featured the head of MAD's mascot Alfred E. Neuman.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[185] Charles M. Schulz's former hometown of Saint Paul erected a series of large bronze statues in Landmark Plaza Park in 2003 showing Peanuts figurines.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[187] Peanuts in Finland First, Tenavia published a Christian children's magazine called Lasten Kuvalehti by Kuva ja Sana publishing house in 1956, where in 1956 a few strips from Jaska Joku and Tellu appeared anonymously and in 1958 under the name Pirkko and Pekka.


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[188] [189] However, the series was actually imported to Finland by the Sanoma company.


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The initiator was Aatos Erkko, who was editor-in-chief of Weekly Notes in the late 1950s and was looking abroad for suitable comics for the company's magazines.


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According to Erko, the Finnish names of Peanavie and its characters were invented by himself and Juhana Perkki, Simopekka Nortamo and Mary Wuorio.


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The name Jaska Jokunen is mentioned as having been invented by Erko himself, but most of the names were invented by Perkki, [190] who was the finance manager of Sanoma Oy at the time.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[189] The first Tenavat strips appeared in Finnish on 30 October 1959 simultaneously in Ilta-Sanomat and Viikkosanom.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[191] Tenavia is still published by Ilta-Sanomat.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Tenav has had several Finns.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Juhani Tolvanen has been producing the series since 1979.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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According to her own account, she has not wanted to spread to Finland such American phenomena that are not already known in Finland, so for years she turned all Valentine's Day cards into birthday cards in dialogue.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[192] [193] On the other hand, however, it has been claimed that Peanavie contributed to the fact that Valentine's Day celebrations and Valentine's Day cards also spread to Finland in the 1980s.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[194] Sanoma Oy started publishing Tenavat books in Finnish in 1968.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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The series has since been continued by Helsinki Media and Egmont.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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By 1999, more than one million copies had already been sold in Finland.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[195] Sanoma also published a comics magazine called Ressu, which appeared once a month between 1990 and 1992.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[98] Marketed to children, the magazine featured Peanuts and Ulla strips.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[196] Bibliography The first collection featuring Peanuts strips (Peanuts) was published by the Rinehart publishing house in 1952.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[14] Various books on Peanvat have since been published very widely.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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By 1999, more than 300 million copies had been sold in various countries [191].


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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In the United States, between 2004 and 2016, the Fantagraphics comic book publishing company published a book series, The Complete Peanuts, containing all of the Tenavat newspaper strips in the order of original appearance.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[197] It also includes more than 2000 strips that have not been republished before that time since their original newspaper appearance.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[67] Only the first two volumes of the book series appeared in Finnish as Perfect Peanuts, covering the years 1950—1954.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[98] [198] Fantagraphics additionally publishes a series called Peanuts Every Sunday, which will include all Sunday strips in colour.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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[199] It has not been published in Finnish at all.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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In Finland, Sanoma Oy published a total of 38 Tenavat strips paperback collections between 1968 and 1993.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Helsinki Media continued the series from 1994 to 1997 and Egmont starting in 1998.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Sixty-one parts have appeared so far.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

In addition, eight other paperbacks, six albums, 13 hardcover comic books and 59 picture books or other works illustrated with Tenavat cartoons have been published by various publishers in Finnish.


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[98] The Complete Peanuts Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Complete Peanuts: 1950—1952| location = Tampere| publisher = Egmont| year = 2007| version = (The Complete Peanuts: 1950 to 1952, 2004.)


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English. Juhani Tolvanen| id = ISBN 978-952-469-737-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Complete Peanuts: 1953-1954| location = Tampere| publisher = Egmont| year = 2008| version = (The Complete Peanuts: 1953 to 1954, 2004.)


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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English. Juhani Tolvanen| id = ISBN 978-952-469-912-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1955 to 1956| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2005| id = ISBN 1-56097-647-0}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1957 to 1958| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2005| id = ISBN 1-56097-670-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1959 to 1960| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2006| id = ISBN 1-56097-671-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title= The Complete Peanuts: 1961 to 1962| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2006| id = ISBN 1-56097-672-1}} Citation error, replace {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1963 to 1964| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year 200= 7| id = ISBN 1-56097-723-X}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title= The Complete Peanuts: 1965 to 1966| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2007| id = ISBN 1-56097-724-8}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1967 to 1968, | location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2008| id = ISBN 1-56097-826-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1969 to 1970| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2008| id = ISBN 1-56097-827-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1971 to 1972| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2009| id = ISBN 1-60699-145-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1973 to 1974| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2009| id = ISBN 1-606969 286-4}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1975 to 1976| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2010| id = ISBN 1-60699-345-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1977 to 1978| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2010| id = ISBN 1-60699-375-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1979 to 1980| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2011| id = ISBN 1-60699-438-7}} Citation error, replace with {cite book| = The Complete Peanuts : 1981 to 1982| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2011| id = ISBN 1-60699-471-9}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1983 to 1984| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2012| id = ISBN 1-60699-523-5}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1985 to 1986| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2012| id = ISBN 1-60699-572-3}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1987 to 1988| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| 2012| id = ISBN 1-60699-634-7}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1989 to 1990| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2013| id = ISBN 1-60699-680-0}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Peanuuts TS: 1991 to 1992| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2013| id = ISBN 1-60699-726-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1993 to 1994| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2014| id = ISBN 1-60699-773-4}} Citation with error, replace {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1995 to 1996| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2015}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: 1997 to 1998| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2015}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title= The Complete Peanuts: 1999 to 2000| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2016}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = The Complete Peanuts: Comics and Stories| location = Seattle| publisher = Fantagraphics| year = 2016}} Egmont Series 1.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Don't be thrilled, Jaska Jokunen (1968) 2.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Day shines, Jaska Jokunen (1969) 3.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Snoopy and the Red Baron (1969), picture book 4.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

You're cute, Jaska Jokunen (1969) 5.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Jaska Jokusen Christmas (1969), picture book adaptation of animation 6.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Sloppy to Parliament (1970) 7.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

It's Love, Jaska Jokunen (1970), a picture book adaptation from animation 8.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Long live Jaska Jokunen (1970), a picture book adaptation from the animated film 9.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Games stop, Jaska Jokunen (1970) 10.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

You'll be fine, Jaska Jokunen (1971) 11.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Beware of the lakaball, Jaska Jokunen (1971) 12.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Sneaky and His Biplane (1971), Picture Book 13.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Summer is gone, Jaska Jokunen (1971), a picture book adaptation of animation 14.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Attempted not to put, Jaska Jokunen (1971) 15.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Dear Ordinary, Jaska Jokunen (1972) 16.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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There we are, Jaska Jokunen (1973) 17.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Ressu writes the book “It Was a Dark and Stormy Night” (1973), picture book 18.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Experience, Jaska Jokunen (1974) 19.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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The top winds, Jaska Jokunen (1974) 20.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Luck favors the brave, Jaska Jokunen (1976) 21.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Beware of the Dog, Jaska Jokunen (1976) 22.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Fear Away, Jaska Jokunen (1977) 23.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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All on time, Jaska Jokunen (1978) 24.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Hitting from the Flight, Sneaky (1979) 25.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Life is Wonderful, Snippy (1980) 26.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Suu suppuun, Kaustinen (1981) 27.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Rima high, Boozy (1982) 28.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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The genus is the dearest, Boozy (1983) 29.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Pouted into a field, Tellu (1984) 30.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Peanuts in a Party Mood (1985) 31.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Pace Up (1986) 32.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Gotta Tell (1986) 33.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Yes that's it (1988) 34.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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With the Ball (1989) 35.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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To its honor (1990) 36.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Take and Rut (1991) 37.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

The fastest rag in the West (1992), Classic Peanuts 38.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Who's Afraid of Rain (1993) 39.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

The Bunny Gets Away (1994) 40.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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The World Is Yours (1995) 41.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Than Then Before (1996), Classic Peanuts 42.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Rest day track (1996), Klassikko-Peanuts 43.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

The ball is round too (1997), Klassikko-Peanuts 44.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Summer Short, Winter Long (1997) 45.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

There are many Jaskas (1997), Klassikko-Peanuts 46.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Creative Work (1997) 47.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Say Birdseed (1998) 48.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Soft Landing (1998) 49.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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All in the game!


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

(1999) 50.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Festive Peanuts (1999) 51.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Heroes of All (2000) 52.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Decades of Happiness 1950-2000 (2000) 53.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Tickets to flame (2001) 54.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Winter comes, Jaska Jokunen (2001) 55.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Rappy's Delicacy Moment (2002) 56.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Break spot, Peppermint-Pipsa (2002) 57.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Poker Holds, Sneaky (2003) 58.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Undeceiving Game Eye (2003) 59.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Blocks in place, Playback (2004) 60.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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A Smile in the Sensitive (2004) 61.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Rousy — Valid Philosopher (2010) Other albums Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Rousy and Red Baron| location = Helsinki| publisher = Otava| year = 2003| version = Finland. Juhani Tolvanen| id = ISBN 951-1-18658-2}} Citation error, replace with {{cite book| title = Peanuts: Among friends: Celebrating Peanuts 60 years| location = Helsing| publisher = Otava| year = 2010| version = Finland. Juhani Tolvanen| id = ISBN 978-951-1-24557-5}} Sources Literature Robert C. Harvey: The Art of the Funnies: An Aesthetic History.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

from the University Press of Mississippi in 1994.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

ISBN 0-87805-674-2 M. Thomas Inge (ed.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

): Charles M. Schulz: Conversations.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

University Press of Mississippi, 2000.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

ISBN 9781578063055 Rheta Grimsley Johnson: The Good Grief: The Story of Charles M. Schulz.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Ravette Books, Sussex in 1989.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

ISBN 1 85304 255 2 Chip Kidd (ed.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

): Peanuts: The Art of Charles M. Schulz.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

Pantheon Books, New York 2001.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanauts

ISBN 0-375-71463-4 David Michaelis: Schulz and Peanuts: A Biography, paperback institution.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Harper Perennial, New York 2008 (original hardcover facility 2007).


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

ISBN 978-0-06-093799-7 Charles Solomon: The Art and Making of Peanuts Animation.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Chronicle Books, San Francisco 2012.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

ISBN 978-1-4521-1091-2 Complete Peanuts 1950—1952, Finnish. Juhani Tolvanen and Veikko Malmberg.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Egmont in 2007.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

ISBN 978-952-469-737-8 (initial work The Complete Peanuts 1950—1952) David Michaelis: The Life and Deeds of Charles M. Schulz, emt.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

p. 291—303.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Rick Marschall & Gary Groth: An Interview with Charles M. Schulz (done 1987, first published in 1992), emt.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

p. 304—337.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Juhani Tolvanen: Interview with Charles M. Schulz (done 1999), emt.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

p. IX—XI.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Celebrating Peanuts 60 years (ed.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Paige Braddock & Alexis E. Fajardo, foreword by Jean Schulz).


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Andrews McMeel Publishing, Kansas City 2009.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

ISBN 0-7407-8548-6 One feast, Peanuts! , Special Appendix of Ilta-Messages 4.11.1999 References on the topic elsewhere Transclusion error: {{En}} is only for use in File namespace.


Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

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Question: What is the Simpsons series' ongoing halloween special called?

The Pedanots

Timely-Atlas-Comics Blog (2012) * Category:Key Articles in Screening


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua Movement (sometimes Lapuan movement) was a Finnish right-wing radical [1] anti-communist popular movement influenced between 1929 and 1932.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In its initial phase, the movement was pan-bourgeois in nature, but after achieving its primary objective, the prohibition of communist activities, the movement became radicalized and lost the support of the Agrarian and moderate right.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua movement ceased after the failed Mäntsälä Rebellion (27 February — 6 March 1932), after it had failed to overthrow the legitimate government.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The political programme of the movement was continued by the Patriotic People's Movement (IKL) from 1932 to 1944.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Main features of the movement's background and development The movement said that the cornered party politicking had poisoned the state atmosphere and caused parties to forget about the interests of the Motherland and Finns.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In place of the “rampant” parliamentarianism, firm governmental powers had to be replaced by the Lapua Lapua Liika Ry, among other things, a majority election.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the opinion of Docent Jussi Niinistö, the Lapua Movement was the most powerful popular movement in Finnish political history, if not the most powerful in the history of Finland, since it got through all its original demands between 1929 and 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Initially, the People's Movement was a “posture movement” in support of the government, but soon morphed into a protest movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapuan movement had several different means of influence.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Civic assemblies, civic embassies, delegations, demonstrations of mass power and various pleadings were peaceful modes of action of the popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Also influential were mounting clamping on Labour houses and “purges” of local councils, in which local councillors known as communists were pressured and intimidated into resigning from their positions of trust.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapua's movement did not curl force, which also led to the breaking of the laws.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The most famous form of activity was the “pluses” (rides) of communists and other leftists, which were more or less violent.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Some of those ridden ended up across the eastern border into the Soviet Union.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Under the “Lapuan Law”, in addition to illegal rides, the Lapuans committed numerous assaults and even a few murders.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[3] From the end of 1929 until the end of 1930, the Lapua Movement functioned as a spontaneous popular movement with Ostrobothnia as a solid area of support and Vihtori Kosola, a charismatic farmer, activist and peasant as its ideological leader.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Initially, the core organisation of the popular movement was Suomen Lukko, with Artturi Leinonen as its leader.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In general, the spelling lapuanmovement refers to precisely this stage of popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In its own time, however, the popular movement was commonly referred to as just the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In November 1930, the movement reorganized into an organization under the name Lapuan Liika Ry, which, however, still retained the proportions of a popular movement thanks to its 30000 active members.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

This organization was dissolved after the failed Mäntsälä Rebellion (27 February — 6 March 1932) on 24 March 1932.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The main difference between the Lapuan Movement and the Lapuan Movement was the latter's insistence on the prohibition of social democratic, that is, all remaining Marxist activities.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The original popular movement relied on so-called white labour, i.e. non-socialist laborers, especially the Cörty peasants, as well as the rest of the rural population, clergy, civil servants and other educated and civilized middle classes.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapua's Liika Ry, on the other hand, emerged with the gradual radicalization of the popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Its active adherence included the so-called upper middle class, namely senior civil servants, wealthier civilisation, more authoritative clergy, powerful military leaders, as well as industrialists and other representatives of the corporate world.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[4] The Lapua movement took influences from various far-right parties in Europe, especially the Fascists in Italy.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Mussolini's rise to power and activities in Italy were openly admired among the Lapuans.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[5] Although the Lapuan movement was combined with the pan-European anti-communist, right-wing radicals and bourgeois movements of its time, it does not always count as a right-wing radical.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Right-wing radicalism subsequently emerged from the tradition of post-activism and was represented by subsequent smaller organisations influenced from the mid-1930s onwards, which had generally emerged from the inner circle of the highly educated and many times Lapuan movement in its time.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[4] At the party-political decision-level, a form of Finnish right-wing radicalism was mainly represented by the Patriotic People's Movement (IKL), which was established as an extension of the disbanded Lapua Liika Ry on 5 June 1932 in Hämeenlinna.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The ideological basis and historical background of the whole popular movement was the Finnish Civil War and other events of 1917—1918.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the war, it seemed that the extreme left had been wiped off the political map of Finland, and Finland's bourgeois democracy was not threatened.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, the Communist Party of Finland (SKP), founded in the Soviet Union, began to operate in Finland in the 1920s through the Finnish Socialist Workers' Party (SSTP) (1920-1923) and its successor Socialist Workers' and Small Farmers' Electoral Organisation (STPV) (1924—1930).


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Communists won 27 seats in the parliamentary elections in 1922, 18 seats in 1924, 20 seats in 1927 and 23 in 1929.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

As early as 1923, the Kallion I government had implemented the so-called “Kallio cut” and ceased operations of the SSTP, as well as arresting communist actives.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The activation of the far-left was evident in the fact that so-called white workmen, who had been icemen, tribal warriors or who had served in the war in the white forces, were forced to apologise in the labour papers for these “crimes”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The apology took place in public, usually in a communist-controlled workers' magazine.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Unless repented, had to pay fines or pressured to resign from the job.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

According to Docent Jussi Niinistö, work site terror also included violence described as an accident at work.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

He describes it this way: Similarly, Professor Juha Siltala has stated in his doctoral thesis in 1985 that the Communists, with their terror at the site, provided an effective propaganda weapon to bourgeois circles.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For those who support white Finland in particular, humbling in the face of the “Moscow minions” was a bitter blow.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

During his graduate work in 1967, researcher Pekka Vanhala examined 482 apology cases, 40% of which were political.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In 93% of political cases, the apology was due to the worker's belonging to a patronage council.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

As many as 73% of all public apologies in Southern Ostrobothnia were from former patrons and Civil War veterans.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapuan movement later took as one of its objectives the eradication of this phenomenon known as site terror.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] In addition, the communists organized strikes at factories and shipyards where commodities were produced for the needs of the state.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The defence industry, for example, was subject to strike action.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In particular, the ten-month-long strike of submarine manufacturer Crichton-Vulcan in Turku in 1927 heated emotions.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Communists received strike instructions from the Soviet Union along with monetary strike grants.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] For the emergence of the anti-communist popular movement, disputes between bourgeois parties also played a major role.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the eyes of the Lapuan movement, the civil war and subsequent state, or White Finland, had been the ideal state of pan-bourgeois and national existence.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The burghers had collectively been on the verge of defeating the red danger from the east, which had been left halfway to tackling.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

White Finland, which mobilized Lapua, was an ideal state of aspiration, whereas for the centrist parties it was only a temporary transition.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the Civil War victory parade, Gustaf Mannerheim had called for firm rule and the preservation of national existence, namely White Finland, but in the view of supporters of a future popular movement, neither of these had materialised.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the government-style struggle, the ousting of Mannerheim from political life, the red-prisoner amnesties, minority governments of the centrist parties and various crises such as the patronage conflict, the Coalition, effectively excluded from governments entirely, was at odds with the centrist parties ( Agrarian League, National Progress Party) with.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The previously staunchly bourgeois Swedish People's Party again cooperated with the SDP and the SDP again supported centrist minority governments.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[6] This bourgeois dispersal, conflicts arising from front, class and group requests combined with the sense of danger created by the activation of communist activities and the spirit of war of liberation gave rise to the Lapuan movement, although in fact, at the birth of the popular movement in 1929, the communist danger was at their very least, and the Social Democrats were already practically adapted and committed to bourgeois democracy.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[7] One of the foundations of the Lapuan movement were the strike breaker organisations.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The most famous of these was the Group Vientiraumaa led by Martti Pihkala.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the strike broke out, the workers of the Vientipeace quarter were brought in to do the work and the labor struggle was broken.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Ostrobothans played an active role in strike breaking activities, for example, during the hardest times of the Vient Peace during the nationwide port strike of 1928—1929, most of the strike breakers were Ostrobothians.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In Southern Ostrobothnia, Vihtori Kosola, a farmer who recruited the Civil War whites already served as a recruiter for picketers, tribal warriors and white people from the Civil War.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] In addition to the Peace of Export, a well-known organization was the Finnish Patronage Association, founded by Gustaf Mannerheim and P. E. Svinhufvud, which distributed anti-communist bulletins to the press.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, anti-communist Enlightenment work was carried out by the Academic Karelia Society and the League of Independence, which broke away from it.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Perhaps the most significant organisation that contributed to the emergence of the Lapuan movement was the League of Front Men of the War of Independence, whose aim was to eradicate communism and eliminate site terror.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Birth of the anti-communist popular movement Lapua Challenge party In November 1929, the Finnish Trade Union Organisation (SAJ) unsuccessfully declared a general strike in the country, with the result that the attitude atmosphere in the country quickly turned anti-communist.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] Members of the Communist Youth Union of Finland had begun to bully the burghers by rolling along villages in red sickle and hammer shirts, mocking independent Finland and Christian values.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] [9] The Youth Movement was the most active and pure-learning part of the SKP, extending the spectacular activities recommended by the VI Congress of the Comintern to the core area of “white Finland”, Southern Ostrobothnia during 1929.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[9] For example, at a celebration in Kurika, Jesus was called a “hooker's penis" [8] and a large sign depicting the Soviet flag was erected at the Lapua Workers' House, which read: “Let us strive under this flag”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] In Lapua, the communist Lapuan Young Workers' Study Association organized SKP on the mandate of the Vaasa headquarters from 23—24.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

November 1929, a challenge party in Lapua, whose repertoire mocked Mannerheim and independent Finland.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] [9] As early as 23 November, local schoolboys had thrown odour bombs at the occasion and scrambled to grate red shirts off the performers.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Police interrupted the celebration before the situation was turning into an aerial brawl.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Communists who arrived on the evening train on 23 November were not allowed to land from the train and gunfire could be heard from the Workers' House.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[9] Finally the next day on November 24, about 1,000 people surrounded the Labor House.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapuans marched inside the house under the leadership of Vihtori Kosola and said: “There have been enough mockery of God, treasonous activities and degraded the Motherland, now the play stops here once and for all!”


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Following the announcement, the Lapuans violently took off their communists' red shirts and, after a harsh confession by Emil Tabell, an MP who arrived, threw out Emil Tabell, who arrived.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] [9] Eventually the incident turned into a mass brawl, calmed down by the newly arrived police officers.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In skirmish e.g.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

were torn from the walls of the Labour House with signs “God help the burghers” and “God has empowered capitalists to be robbers”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[8] Eventually the Communists were driven out of Lapua by schoolboy pranks and taunts.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The Communist-held Lapuan Workers' House was nailed shut.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

When it had to be opened again, following a change in circumstances in September 1931, a new domestic political crisis arose.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Citizens' meetings Gustav Tiitu, an agrarian farmer, contacted Artturi Leinonen, editor of newspaper Ilka, to call a citizens' assembly.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

A notice was published in Ilka and Vaasa magazine: “The Citizens' Assembly of Southern Ostrobothnia in Lapuan Seuraroom next Sunday, 1 December, starting at 1 p.m.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting will be presented with the growing sedition activities of the Communists.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

A bunch of Lapuans”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the end, more than 2000 people came to the Citizens' Assembly and from other provinces, and the committee that organised it included, in addition to Tiitu, Leinonen and Kosola, Rector Hilja Riipinen and Vicar K. R. Kares of Lapua.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting in Lapua lasted more than three hours and more than 80 speeches were made.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In his speech, Leinonen expressed that the common will of the people was to crush communism and asked if it could be accomplished by legitimate means.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Referring to the 1925 Supreme Court decision to abolish the communists' front organization, Kosola criticized that the Communists do not “respect the religion and common fatherland held sacred by the Finnish people, the laws of Finland, and nothing else that is held sacred by us from generation to generation”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, not all of the speeches corresponded to the legality of Leinonen and Kosola, for example, Helsinki-based activist Ahto Sippola called on the participants of the meeting to take arms with them and march to Helsinki.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

One of the prominent speakers of the Citizens' Assembly was the High Awakening leader Vihtori Duke, who said: “Selfish requests are prevalent and they are not understood by the men of 1918.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

It wasn't parliament that saved us in 1918, there were only intrigues and babbles.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Whoever God wills to drown, that he beats with blindness”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting expressed disappointment with the volatile domestic political situation and the fact that parties, particularly the bourgeois parties, when competing with each other, did not care in which direction Finland was heading.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, the assembly unanimously decided that all forms of activity of the SKP had to be abolished or else civil war would break out.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In its closing statement, it did not understand “why freedom of expression can be used to slander and discredit everything that is the basis and foundation of the chaste and legal knowledge of the Finnish people.”


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Furthermore, it wondered how a treasonous party was allowed so freely to act to dismantle all its system, which allowed the whole of this treasonous party to exist.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, the meeting gave all its support to the state power to eradicate communism.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Although the Lapua meeting of 1 December 1929 was the most impressive, it was by no means the only one, nor the first.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Apparently pursuing a pan-bourgeois front, the Karelian Civil Union organised its first citizens' assembly on 29 November 1929 at Sortavala Seuraroom.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Karelian Civil Union, founded in 1917 in the Vyborg region, had already planned anti-communist civic activities in autumn 1929 and had been tasked with organising civic assemblies.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting linked the incipient movement to the 1918 battle and expressed all support for the Ostrobothians: “Hopeless would be the future of our people, if Finnish blood would not fizzle when he saw the cataluses of the profane fatherland.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In January 1918, the hearts of the men of Ostrobothnia and Karelia beat with strong feelings.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

It still does.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The law of honor is the law of a man”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On 1 December 1929, citizens' assemblies of hundreds of participants were held in Kuopio, in addition to activist, Master Antti Sarven and Councilman Eero Hämäläinen in Kuopio, under deputy judge K. A. Raevaara and Asessori Onni Heinonkoski in Mikkeli, farmer, MP Evert Nukar and Head of the Southern Häme Patron District under Ernesti Suolahti in Hämeenlinna, Director K. Brofeldt in Kotka and District Physician W. Vartiovaara in Savonlinna.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

All the meetings stated their support for any decision, whatever they would take in Lapua.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Apparently, civic assemblies had already been planned much earlier, judging by their coincidence.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, the order of business at the meetings was the same in all localities.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[10] Citizens Delegations The Lapuan assembly decided to send a 20-person delegation headed by Artturi Leinonen to Helsinki to ask the government to act to stop the sedition work of the communists.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the morning, on Independence Day, 6 December 1929, 1,000 people were facing the legation at the Helsinki railway station and the Academic Karjala-Seura (AKS) led by Vice-President Vilho Helanen.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On December 7, the delegation brought the decisions of the Lapuan assembly to the attention of the minority government in Kallio.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The embassy was received by all parliamentary groups except the Communists.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, the embassy visited the President of the Republic Lauri Kristian Relander.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The president was moved to tears when Hilja Riipinen, who served as President, announced that the people were demanding more acts than speeches from the state.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Relander gave all his support to the popular movement, writing that the People's Movement “has been a blessing to this country and the people, of that I am sure”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On the evening of the same day, the embassy was invited to the Fourth of July celebrations organised by AKS.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

AKS gave full support to the movement and Urho Kekkonen announced his support in the organisation's voice supporter Suomen Heimo.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Kekkonen indicated that improving workers' conditions was supported, but no sympathy for the Soviet Union.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Part of the embassy was still visited by an independence fighter, State Counsellor J. R. Danielson-Kalmar, who likewise expressed support for the movement's goals.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] After the Lapua legation, delegations from different provinces began arriving in Helsinki and new meetings were organized.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The situation developed really quickly in early December 1929.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

This first phase of the popular movement was very happy to be welcomed by the state and considered it to be a healthy and uniting state life while at the same time suspecting its power.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The social democrats, who were fairly socialist at the time, accepted the anti-communist movement, not seeing it as a disadvantage, but rather a benefit.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The demands of the embassies produced the first victory of the popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Just before Christmas 1929, a new Association Act was passed, forbidding the creation of a new association to replace the disbanded one.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On this basis, the communist study associations could be abolished.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The second meeting of Lapua and the second major citizens' meeting at Lukko Lapua Seuratalo of Finland took place on 15 March 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting was officially nationwide and more formal anyway, as the meeting was only allowed for delegates from other organizations and civic assemblies.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For an admission fee, the public was able to enter the


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition to Artturi Leinonen, the co-chairperson is H. A. Koristo from Turku, bank manager Isak Kaitera from Oulu and agricultural advisor Aatos Schildt from Jyväskylä.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The secretaries were Deputy Judge Lauri Halme and Kauhajokelic Consulate M.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

E. Brush.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The atmosphere at the meeting was considerably more tense and radicalized by the end of November.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Although Artturi Leinonen and Vihtori Kosola, who became leaders of the movement, emphasised moderation in line, the field people at the meeting were fed up with politicians and other powers, gradually leaning more and more towards direct external parliamentary action.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The leading figures of the radical line were Rafael Haarla, vicar of Lapua, and Gunnar von Hertzen, vicar of Lapua, and Gunnar von Hertzen, Iceman Major.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The enlightenment director of Northern Uusimaa's patron municipal district, Freeman Lauri Yrjö-Koskinen, insisted on acts rather than enlightenment, but mainly meant enacting stricter anti-communist laws.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The atmosphere of the movement was radicalized because the activities of the communists, despite the promises of politicians, were not abolished.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Those in favour of the Direct Action line justified their opinion by the fact that “patriotic rebellion” was preferable to “patriotic legality”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

They also justified by historical considerations; at first, the icemen had acted against the then law, but still their importance had been of great importance to Finland.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

MPs known as Communists were on various committees, where they also had access to sensitive and secret national defence information.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The meeting dealt mainly with the communist press, which was not suppressed because in parliament the Social Democrats, RKP and Communists opposed restrictions on the Freedom of Print Act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapualla was particularly irritated by the communist Voice of Work (1924—1930) appearing in Vaasa, which proclaimed atheism and the world revolution.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Although it appeared on the basis of the meeting that the popular movement was already splintering in two, the meeting reached a unanimous conclusion: It was decided to establish an anti-communist and site terror NGO, which was to assemble all anti-communist entities as an umbrella organisation.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

An association was born called Suomen Lukko, whose 32-member delegation was chosen as the convener of Vihtori Kosola.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Later, at Kosola's suggestion, Artturi Leinonen became chairman of Luko of Finland.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Martti Pihkala, acting as assistant student Mikko Jaskari, was responsible for financial affairs.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The seat of the organization was named Lapua, but the office was placed in Helsinki.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The members of the Finnish Luko were mainly agrarian and coalitionist in party affiliation, and there were only a few supporters of direct active action.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the anti-communist struggle, Lukko of Finland advocated the Enlightenment and legal methods of action.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the Agrarian League it was hoped and believed that the popular movement would only be channeled in support of the government, but supporters of direct action were not enthusiastic about the slow association activity of the Finnish Luko.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Action The Voice of Work fell silent The motion for amendment to the Freedom of Print Law Lapuan movement was irritated by the opposition of the Left and the Swedish People's Party (RKP) to an amendment to the Law on Freedom of Printing, which was not adopted as desired by the Parliament in the early spring of 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The movement's attempt was to transfer control of the Freedom of Printing Act to the Attorney General appointed by the President of the Republic from the Minister of Justice, allowing the latter to decide in the Council of State the matter without discussing the closure of printing presses deemed to have violated it in accordance with the Freedom of Printing Act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[11] Example case of Vaasa County The apparent unity of a popular movement lasted only 13 days from the founding meeting of the Finnish Lukko.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

At the head of the movement, it was decided to disrupt the activities of the communists, and a newspaper printed in Vaasa, near Lappa, Vaasa, was chosen as the target.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Gustav Tiitu had advocated minor daytime interference in printing, but he opposed the destruction of the printing presses.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Although it seemed to rest, Yrjö Nikula, the former titular of Lapua and head of the Bank of Southern Ostrobothnia, continued to plan the attack.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

If the participants were caught in their act, Trade Advisor Rafael Haarla had promised to pay them potentially reprehensible damages.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[11] Strike to the printing press On the night of March 28, 1930, direct action began.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the port area of Vaasa, farmer Pentti Alasaari fired a couple of shots into the air with his Mauser M1916 pistol to distract the police and give them an alibi.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

At the same time, Vaasa's internal telephone connections were disrupted, and 13 Lapuan men led by Yrjö Nikula, the head of the Bank of Southern Ostrobothnia and former titular man of Lapua, and Gustav Vannas, a motorist from Yurasa, broke in and broke up the print of the Voice of Work.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The act was apparently carefully planned under Nikula's leadership.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The perpetrators soon came to light, as police found a scoop lamp knife on the floor of the printing press bearing the name of Kullervo Leskinen, an employee of the Lapua cartridge factory.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] On 3 April, the third citizens' meeting was held in Lapua in connection with the dissolution of the printing of the Voice of Work.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Under Kosola's leadership, the meeting prepared a telegram that was sent to Prime Minister Kyösti Kallio.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Telegram confirmed that the Lapuan people's movement and Kosola were bent on illegal activities, but according to the text, the movement had not settled against the government: the division of the Lapuan movement Suomen Lukko separates Parliament was surprised by the act and the Youth Republicans Kyösti Kallio and under the leadership of Helsingin Sanomat called for severe punishment of perpetrators.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The delegates realised that the attack was a vote of no confidence by the Lapuans in the actions of Parliament.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The act also sparked controversy among the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Some of those involved could not accept the illegalities.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

When Lukko of Finland, led by Artturi Leinonen and Gustav Tiitu, disassociated himself from the act and condemned it as a crime, the popular movement broke in two.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Vihtori Kosola, the leader of Vihtori Kosola, had not endorsed the plan at the stage of its drafting, but stood down to support the act, declaring that the one responsible for the act was in fact the parliament, which had not begun the process of eradicating communism.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Artturi Leinonen, who had denied carrying out the attack, and Gustav Tiitu and Lukko of Finland lost their central place in the popular movement and the movement that started direct action took Vihtori Kosola as its leader, who himself had not sought a prominent position.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

His household, Kosola, became the central headquarters of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The Lapuans publicly declared themselves in large numbers as perpetrators of the attack and supporters of the act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Under Kosola, Yrjö Nikula, Vihtori Herkena and Ilmajokelainen bank manager Iivari Koivisto, 72 men signed up as authors and supporters of the work.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, Lapuan farmer Jussi Muilu, trainee Yrjö Hissa, and peasants Simo Lahdensuo and Jussi Perämäki became the actual violators.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Trade counsellor Rafael Haarla agreed to pay all the fines of those convicted.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the first issue of the Lapuan movement's main voice supporter, Activist</i>n, 650 people registered as supporters of the act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The magazine became popular and was sold as many as 10,000 copies.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The journalistic line reported by the newspaper was strongly anti-communist.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Vaasa riot and the Asser Salon ride on 4 June 1930 at Vaasa Raastuvancourt began to be dealt with the issue of breaking the print print of the Voice of Work.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The predominance knew that the day would cause Lapuan movement, but the Popular Movement refused to cancel the demonstration.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Early in the morning 1800 Lapuans arrived in Vaasa in 200 cars decorated with Finnish flags.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Demonstratively, the procession of cars stopped first at the dispersed printer and in front of the landlord's official residence.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The men then made an honorary visit to the hero tombs of Vaasa, during which hymns and patriotic songs were sung, as well as speeches were given.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Vaasa District Riot While the trial was in progress, the Lapuans assaulted Eino Nieminen, who was acting as a witness, who was alleged by Detective Central Police (EK) to be a red officer and an organiser of the SKP.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the courthouse's second-floor vestibule, Eino Nieminen had to kiss with the peasants who surrounded him.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After Sanaharka, supporters of the Lapua movement carried Nieminen down the stairs outside the courthouse, tore off his clothes and assaulted Nieminen.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The mob followed the act from the sidelines and police did not intervene.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Press photographer Paavo Poutiainen instigated the perpetrators, and one of the most famous images in Finnish press history was taken.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Some ten other leftists were also assaulted by the Lapuans, among them Allan Asplund, editor of the Vaasan social democratic magazine Nya Folkbladet.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, the Lapuans also fell victim to bourgeois minded citizens who tried to prevent beatings, citing the rule of law.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] However, police master Gunnar Tallroth eventually rescued the battered Nieminen and took him to the police station.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Nieminen was able to leave the police station just before supporters of the Lapuan movement penetrated the building and inspected it up to the cells without the force of the police officers or wanting to prevent this.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

When the cause of the Voice of Work, Communist MP Asser Salo stepped out of the courthouse, the riot worsened.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Despite the fact that Governor Bruno Sarlin tried to appeal for peace in the district, the supporters of the Lapuan movement took hold of Salo and paraphrased this.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapua's movement had already been planning to kidnap Salo when he had arrived to hear the injunction.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Detective Central Police (EK) followed the incident by without intervening.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen, a BC detective who was present, later joined the radical wing of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, the Lapuans could not decide what to do with Salo.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Salo was threatened with gunfire during the Revelation, but was eventually taken to Lapua's youth club house, where he was forced to swear that he would never enter Lapua again.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After this, Salo was taken to Viitasaari, where he was let go.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The men of the Lapuanmovement left after informing the editorial staff of the Voice of Work that the magazine would not be published even after the end of the two-month discontinuation period.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the Lapuans disembarked, Vaasa remained in the possession of military patrols.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapuan Law Originally, Lapuan law meant the 1843 Government Rule and Village Ordinance of Lapua and its implementation.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Also among the Lapuan movement, the right of the Lapuans own hand began to be called Lapuan law.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

According to the idea, the justification of the acts was determined by how much they promoted anti-communist activity.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The legality of the act did not matter, as according to the movement's thought world, the “will of the people” interpreted by the Lapuan movement was above the law.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On June 5, 1930, the Lapuan Movement declared the Lapuan Law into force in Southern Ostrobothnia.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[12] In the early morning hours of 8 June 1930, Yrjö Hissa and Jussi Perämäki, who took part in the disbanding of the print of the Voice of Work, committed double suicide.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The youths who were detained were counted as the first victims of the popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

They were buried with a hero's funeral in Lapua and Kosola laid a wreath on the tomb, which read the words of Kaarlo Kramsu's Ilkka poem: 'No justice in the land, who himself will not have'.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The phrase became one of the motto phrases of the Lapua movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Later in the summer, the second motto became “We do what we will”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Summer 1930: period of pressure Bruno Sarlin of the Progress Party was removed from his duties as a landlord and Colonel Erik Heinrichs was appointed in his place, which it was hoped would improve the intervals between state power and locals.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In mid-June 1930, however, the Lapuan movement began large-scale rides, or pluses; 254 rides or rides were made during the summer.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Three rides ended in the victim's death and most of the rides were assaulted.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[13] The relapses were carried out both by local Lapuans and by the strike forces of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Kosola wanted to press the ride-hailing government to resign and get Pehr Evind Svinhufvud of the National Coalition as prime minister.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In their speeches, the Progress Party and the Agrarian League protested the movement's radicalisation and acts of violence, but did not withdraw their support from the Popular Movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the summer of 1930, pressure from the Lapuans was at its peak.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The People's Movement also achieved its most important goal in succeeding in ending communist activities practically altogether.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the summer, most of the leading communists were serving time in prison, the labour magazines had been abolished and all labour houses closed.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Due to sympathy or pressure in many provinces, denominators and other officials issued orders to abolish the houses of labour.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In Pohjois-Savo, for example, all 59 workers' houses were closed at the behest of the titular and landlord.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[14] Some politicians felt that it was better to accept lawlessness lest another civil war break out.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Prime Minister Svinhufvud (Svinhufvud II government from 4 July 1930 to 21 March 1931) even staked his unqualified support for the uprising and movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

He had visited South Ostrobothnia and the People's Movement in mid-June and became convinced of the popular popularity of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, K. J. Ståhlberg, the first president of the Republic, agreed that illegality was indefensible, even if it was taken to suppress the crimes and treasonous activities of others.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] A march and delegation for the upcoming march of the Lapuan Movement took place from 20—21.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

June 1930 meeting in Lapua.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Organizing the march was a large and sizeable job.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For the meeting, the Lapuan movement invited representatives from all patron districts and at the same time organized a popular movement nationwide.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua movement invited and named the persons who were to hold meetings in their respective localities, who would again designate them as their representatives by signing a power of attorney.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In practice, the credentials demanded by the Lapuan movement were signed without any organized meetings.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

At this point, among others, Dr. Kai Donner officially joined the Lapuan movement as a representative of Eastern Uusimaa.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The delegates formed arrangements for the march to handle the delegation of the Lapua Movement, which thus became the official Lapua Movement Representative Council.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The delegation consisted of 16 representatives from Southern Ostrobothnia, one from all other provinces, and from Vyborg and Helsinki, two representatives from both.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In total, this national representative council consisted of 31 delegates.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

After the march, the delegation declined in importance, but still the name Lapua Movement Delegation served under various communiques and pressures as the representative of the Lapua movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[15] Eventually, the government of Kyösti Kallio IV (16 August 1929—4 July 1930) made an unfounded decision in law to abolish all communist magazines for fear of otherwise engaging in illegal activities by the Lapuans.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The decision was approved by Parliament on 1 July 1930, although no similar proposal had been approved earlier in the spring.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In addition, the government submitted a motion to the Parliament to abolish the activities of the Communists and began to bend to the demands of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

President Relander also took pressure on the government, which finally on 2 July submitted his resignation request due to the untenable domestic political situation, despite having just received a vote of confidence from parliament.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On 4 July, in line with the goals of the Lapuan movement, a pan-bourgeois government led by P. E. Svinhufvud was formed, in which representatives of the Lapuan movement were planned.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

K. R. Kare was envisioned as Minister of Education and Vihtori Dukeaa or Kosola as Minister of Social Affairs.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, Svinhufvud did not want “two dictators” (meaning Svinhufvud and Kosola) in government, and business did not want to get entangled in government politics either.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Compared to the government, the Lapuan movement was strong enough: It did not have to tie its hands.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The mutual antipathies (arising from theological differences) between the churchmen K. R. Kare and Paavo Virkkunen, who became Minister of Education, have also been thought to have played a role in the plan's tapering.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[16] Abduction of MPs from the Constitutional Committee To give impetus to their demands, the Lapua Movement decided to show its mass power with a peasant march to Helsinki.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

To intensify the show of force, Vihtori Kosola gave orders to paraphrase communist MPs.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Two days before the march, in the morning of 5 July 1930, a Lapuan force, led by Kosti-Paavo Eerolainen and Artturi Vuorimaa, penetrated the Session of the Constitutional Committee to kidnap the communists' Helsinki MPs Eino Pekkala and Jalmari Rötkö.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Committee Chairman Väinö Voionmaa (SDP) and Ernst von Born (RKP) tried to prevent the hijacking, but Eerolainen wore his badge of the Detective Central Police (EK) in the situation and the Lapuans were allowed to take the MPs to the car for a ride, although they both tried to grab themselves when carrying to the door of the committee room.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The deputies were rushed to Kosola, Lapua, from where they were released after the government announced that the state would not receive the march if the delegates were not released.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On 4 July, the newly appointed Svinhufvud government had already bent on ordering all communist MPs to be detained “on suspicion of treasonous activity”, but the arrest order was not issued until the afternoon of the following day.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Parliament afterwards approved the government measure despite doubts expressed by the Social Democrats and Swedes.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[17] [2] The Peasant March On Monday, 7 July 1930, the Peasant March was held, which was the largest display of force in the popular movement and a turning point in the history of the movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The peasant march was a well-planned massive operation in which 12000 supporters of the Lapua Movement marched by province and region into regiments, battalions and companies divided by patronage discipline and order.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The marchers were Finnish and Swedish-speaking, as the language issue was of little interest to the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Initially, the march was planned to be called “Patronage Marches”, but the commander of the Patron Municipalities, Lauri Malmberg, forbade the use of the Patron Uniform.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The main idea of the movement was to hold a new event that would resemble the White Army Victory Parade on 16 May 1918.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Although the movement was a parade of victory, similar events from abroad were also modelled on, notably the Swedish peasants' national defence march in 1914 and the march of the Italian black shirts to Rome in 1922.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Before the peasant march, the domestic political situation was extremely tense.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

With the government's position proving to be tenuous, even a coup by the Lapuans was possible.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

There was no thought in the movement to revoke actively government power, but some of the Lapuans had considered hijacking if the government was not active enough against the Communists.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The movement tried to appease public opinion with a bulletin.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

During the march, both the Lapuan movement and the government pledged to fight for the eradication of communism and to support each other.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, the government asked the Popular Movement to stop exercising the right of own hands.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The Kallio government designed a package of laws aimed at banning all activities interpreted as communist.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

With the Social Democrats opposing the motion, the government in parliament failed to win over the qualified majority of at least two-thirds needed to amend the constitution, leaving some of the laws to rest over the elections.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In retaliation, the Lapuans kidnapped (Revelation) 17—18.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On July 1930 Väinö Hakkilan, the Social Democratic Deputy Speaker of the Parliament, from Tampere Teisko through Lapua to Kuortane and assaulted him.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[18] In this case, in order to expedite consideration of the Communist laws, President Relander dissolved parliament on 15 July 1930 and ordered new elections to be held 1—2.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

on October 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[13] Intimidation and pressure from the Lapuan movement set the tone for the electoral struggle.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The government gave the land lords broad powers to block electoral activity on the far left.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

President Relander urged the people to vote for candidates who would pass communist laws.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Coalition and the SDP increased their number of seats, but with the far left losing out of parliament entirely, the seats of the left were not enough for even a third blocking minority.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The new parliament passed communist laws in October 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[13] All political and professional organisational activities interpreted as “communist” were abolished, and persons suspected of being communists were denied the right to participate in elections under the Constitution of Finland.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[19] Suspected communists were also imprisoned; often on fabricated or fraudulent charges.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[20] [21] In Finland, the President of the Parliament is the second highest-ranking person after the President of the Republic.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Thus, riding Väinö Hakkila, the Deputy Speaker of the Parliament and Municipal Mayor of the City of Tampere (1920—1952), against his will, was an impressive and publicity-inducing act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On July 18, 1930, the first ride took place that really nipped in public support of the movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The lows of popular movement can be considered to begin from that day.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

At the time, the Social Democrat in the highest state position, Väinö Hakkila, the deputy speaker of parliament, who was going to his summer villa in Teisko, was riding.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Hakkila was stopped in Teisko at gunpoint and forced into another car.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Even though he belonged to the right wing of his party, Hakkila was paraphrased because of his criticism of the modes of the popular movement, especially the amuses.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Hakkila was taken to Kuortane, during the voyage she was threatened to be taken to the Soviet Union and was planted in an anthill.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, Jussi Muilu prevented Hakkila's killing.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, Hakkila expressed support for Lapua's movement and promised to retire from politics, thus releasing him.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The ride in Väinö Hakkila was planned by Eino Haarla, a financial supporter of the Lapuan movement, son of trade adviser Rafael Haarla, President of the Revolutionary War Front Union, Eero Rekola, and business assistant Yngve Mustonen.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

All were Tampereans.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Haarla and Rekola recruited five mullets, led later by Arvi Kalsta, the ice captain who was the leader of the Finnish People's Organisation.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Kalsta was sentenced as the lead perpetrator of the ride to an eight-month discipline room sentence.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The reputation of the Revolutionary War Front Men Union suffered badly with the ride.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The act was widely condemned and after that as a sure supporter of the Lapuan movement in the press, the major magazines served mainly only as Uusiu Suomi and to some extent also Aamulehti.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

With the ride of Väinö Hakkila, the county lord of Vaasa County, Erik Heinrichs, resigned from the position he considered untenable.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Lapua's movement was put on the defensive by a ride that clearly showed the fieldfolk had been radicalised and initiated their anti-Social Democrat activities.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The radical leader of the Lapua movement, the vicar of Lapua, Kaarlo Rietrikki Kares, disliked the idealization of violence, but declared that it was a kind of revolution and that life had its own hard laws.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In many civic circles, this statement of Kares caused astonishment and consternation: This was followed by the most radical part: The portion of the radical statement of Kares, which spoke of overturning the autonomy of parliamentary parties, was received by citizens who supported the republican form of government on his hind legs.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Kares had already declared Vihtori Kosola the “People's Leader chosen by God” in the summer.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

This proclamation subsequently became highly known.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In September 1930, however, in Turku, Kosola tried to appease statements belonging to the radical wing, saying: “The Lapua movement has not sought and does not seek to dominate the country.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For that are the government, parliament and various governing bodies”.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] Onni Happonen murder Along with the slaying of Suutari Erik Itto, the most famous blood act of the Lapuan movement was the murder of Social Democrat Onni Happonen, chairman of the Heinävesi Municipal Board.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On 1 September 1930, he was kidnapped in connection with a local council meeting in front of a large crowd of people by forcing Happone using violence into a passenger car.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

His body was found two years later buried in the forest just off the Karvio Canal along the road between Joensuu and Varkaus.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The body showed signs of a fierce beating and an autopsy determined the death had been caused by a bullet fired in the head.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[22] Otto Pakarinen, a laborer, was condemned for the killing of Happonen, who, however, had apparently taken the blame for a large sum of money.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Despite eyewitnesses to the abduction, the true culprits of the murder went undetermined and unpunished.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Members of the Lapuan movement from Kuopio or Heinävesi's own activists, who have been considered at least named Onni Hartio, are suspected of being the real culprits.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[23] After the funeral of Onni Happonen, the wreaths laid on the tomb during the following night were dispersed and spread around the churchyard.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[22] Autumn Parliamentary elections 1930 and the decline in support of the movement Parliamentary elections 1 to 2.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

October raised a political storm.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Lapua movement pressured bourgeois parties to create a pan-bourgeois front.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Although the unity of the popular movement began to crack, as moderates and radicals began to take together even more.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Eventually, the movement's leadership urged its supporters in mid-September to stop the rides under pressure from the government.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In September, an electoral alliance called the Patriotic Electoral Alliance was created, in which all patriotic, or practically anti-communist elements, according to the definition of the movement, regardless of party affiliation, were to be assembled.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, the electoral alliance received no more than 10000 votes.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Intellectuals and power figures appealed before the election both for and against the popular movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For example, Mannerheim and Danielson-Kalmari became supporters of the Lapuan movement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In the elections, the bourgeois parties received 134 delegates and the Social Democrats 66.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The National Coalition increased its seat count from 28 to 42 delegates.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Communists' Electoral Organisation, whose nomination was subject to partial hurdles, received only 11504 votes, or 1.02% of the vote, yielding no seats in parliament.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The new parliament voted with the smallest possible two-thirds qualified majority to enforce the Republic Protection Act, which officially banned communist activities.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In Finland, the far left did not have any legal rights to operate until after the Continuation War in 1944.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

In December, the Labor Peace Act was enacted, by which time the movement's key objectives had been pushed through.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Around the same time, support for the movement began to decline.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] The main factor in the popularity of the popular movement was particularly the late-summer and autumn 1930 ride-hailing scandals.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Most of the fall rides were done locally as acts by individual individuals in the name of the Lapua movement and the spirit of Lapua, many without the knowledge of the movement's leading figures.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

On the other hand, the movement did not condemn rides either, so the rides ate up the movement's endorsement.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Finally, the worst blow to the endorsement was the famous ride of the first President of Finland (25 July 1919 — 1 March 1925) K. J. Ståhlberg to Joensu on 14 October 1930.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The ride idea was an ill-conceived project under the chief of the General Staff, Ice Kuussaari, Major-General Kurt Martti Wallenius.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Wallenius, too, was considered to have been involved in the ride.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

He lost office and served time in prison until July 1931, when he was acquitted by the Supreme Court as innocent.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

However, Wallenius was unable to rejoin the defence forces until the Winter War.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] [24] Ståhlberg's ride was a bad blow to the whole Lapuan movement, as the movement was generally considered to be the culprit of the act.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The ride can also be attributed to the radicalisation of the movement's supporters.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

Ståhlberg was opposed from his old age in a circle of activists and the right wing of the Coalition, but still the whole Lapuan movement did not consider the ride sensible.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

For the Social Democrats and the libertarian bourgeoisie, a bourgeois legalman, Ståhlberg, the first president of the republic, was a symbol of constitutional democracy.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The ride led to the abolition and merger of Suomen Luko into the Lapuan movement after its secretary, Mikko Jaskari, was involved in the case.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

[2] After Ståhlberg's ride, the Agrarian League and the National Progress Party broke away from the pro-Lapuan movement group.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The parties formed a so-called Legality Front with the Swedish People's Party, of which the Social Democrats served as a kind of external member.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

The Svinhufvud government decided that the riders had to be brought to justice and demanded the Lapuan movement stop protecting the paraphrasers.


Question: Why was the Lapuan movement founded?

Lapuan Movement

When the police began to capture suspects of the mullet, Lapua's movement responded with mass force and organised a mass enrollment of paraphernalia in a building managed by Ostrobotnia in Töölöö, Helsinki, where 400 people arrived.