Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

After a massive increase in the size of the empire, he was focused on integrating governance into conquered territories rather than more operations.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

During the night he would go out into the streets in disguise to check the public status of Medina.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

This custom can also be seen in some later rulers.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

He says if a dog on the banks of the Euphrates dies without eating, Umar will be responsible for that.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

— (Umar) The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire texts Edward Gibbon says about Umar: Yet the abstinence and humility of Umar were not inferior to the virtues of Abu Bakr: his food consisted of barley or bread dates; his drink was water; he preached in a gown that was torn or Tattered in twelve places; and a Persian satrap, who paid his homage as to the conqueror, found him asleep among the beggars on the steps of the mosque of Muslims. The collection of the Quran in the library is one of its greatest contributions to the religious field.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

[67] In this regard, the first caliph Abu Bakr was persuaded by Umar.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Muhammad (p.) The Quran was fully recorded at the time, but it was not in the library.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

After many Hafez martyred in the battle of Yamama, Umar felt the need for compilation in the Quran library.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

According to his advice, Abu Bakr agreed to compile the Quran and assigned Zayed ibn Saabit to Akaz.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Military contributions Umar was a skilled wrestler.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

He was also talented in making maneuvers.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Along with the Khalids, he has also played an important role during the Battle of Ridda.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

[68] Breaking up the Persian-Roman alliance is one of his greatest successes.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Byzantine Emperor Heraclius and Sasanian Emperor Yazdigard III were bound in alliance against Umar.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

But Yazdigard could not make a planned coordination with Heraklius.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Umar took advantage of this failure and was able to successfully deal with the opponent.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

During the Battle of Yarmuk, he ordered soldiers sent as aid to be divided into several smaller groups and appear one after another.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

This led to a surge of fear among Byzantine forces.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

On the other hand, Yazdgird sits in talks, Umar gets time to direct troops from Syria to Iraq.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

These troops play a role in determining the outcome in the Battle of Cadicia.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

These two wars take the form of fortune telling and are considered important battles in history.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Because of his tactical expertise, Muslims triumphed in the Second Battle of Emesa in 638.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

It was during this time that the Christian Arabs of the pro-Byzantine Jazeera helped the Byzantines.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

The Persian victory is Umar's biggest military achievement.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

It was during this time that the entire Persian Empire was conquered.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Emperor Yazdgird III fled to Central Asia.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Umar conquered nearly 36,000 cities or fortresses and 1,400 mosques were built in the conquered region.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

69] The Sunni view of religious contributions Sunnis see Umar with a very reverent view.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

He is considered the second caliph of Khulafaye Rashedin.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

He is also one of the honored companions in Ashrah.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

For righteousness he is given the distinguishing title of “Faruk” or true falsehood.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

After the adoption of 'Umar Islam, a situation for Muslims in Makkah to pray publicly.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

The Shiite view keeps the twelfist Shiara Umar looking negative.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

However, Zaidi Shiara holds a positive impression of Umar.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Western Perspectives Mahomet and Hiss Saxons texts Washington Irving evaluated Umar's achievements as follows: The whole history of Omar shows him to have been a man of great powers of mind, inflexible integrity, and rigid justice. He was, more than anyone else, the founder of the Islam empire; confirming and carrying out the inspirations of the prophet; aiding Abu Beker with his counsels during his brief caliphate; and establishing wise regulations for the strict administration of the law throughout the rapidly-extending Bounds of the Moslem conquests. The rigid hand which he kept upon his most popular generals in the midst of their armies, and in the most distant scenes of their triumphs, gave signal evidence of his extraordinary capacity to rule. In the simplicity of his habits, and his contempt for all pomp and luxury, he emulated the example of the Prophet and Abu Beker. He endeavored incessantly to impress the merit and policy of the same in his letters to his generals. 'Beware, 'he would say, 'of Persian luxury, both in food and raiment. Keep to the simple habits of your country, and Allah will continue you victorious; depart from them, and He will reverse your fortunes. ' It was his strong conviction of the truth of this policy which made him so severe in punishing all ostentatious style and luxurious indulgence in his officers. Some of his ordinances do credit to his heart as well as his head. He forbade that any female captive who had borne a child should be sold as a slave. In his weekly distributions of the surplus money of his treasury he proportioned them to the wants, not the merits of the applicants. 'God, 'said he, 'has bestowed the good things of this world to relieve our necessities, not to reward our virtues: those will be rewarded in another world.' [ 70] William Muir in his The Califat: It's Rise, Decline and Fall texts says: Omar's life requires but few lines to sketch. Simplicity and duty were his guiding principles; impartiality and devotion the leading features of his administration. Responsibility so weighed upon him that he was heard to exclaim, 'O that my mother had not borne me; would that I had been this stalk of grass instead!


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

'In early life of a fiery and impatient temper, he was known, even in the later days of the Prophet, as the stern advocate of vengeance. Ever ready to unsheathe the sword, it was he that at Bedr advised the prisoners to be all put to death. But age, as well as office, had now mellowed this asperity. His sense of justice was strong. And excepting the treatment of Khalid, who he pursued with an ungenerous resentment, no act of tyranny or injustice is recorded against him; and even in this matter his enmity took its rise in Khalid's unscrupulous treatment of a fallen foe. The choice of his captains and governors was free from favouritism, and (Moghira and Ammar excepted) singularly fortunate. The various tribes and bodies in the empire, representing interests the most diverse, reposed in his integrity implicit confidence, and his strong arm maintained the discipline of law and empire. Whip in hand, he would perambulate the streets and markets of Medina, ready to punish slanders on the spot; and so the proverb, -'Omar's whip is more terrible than another's word. ' But with all this he was tender-hearted, and numberless acts of kindness are recorded of him, such as relieving the wants of the widow and the fatherless. [ 71] Edward Gibbon made the following quote about Umar in his book The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire: Yet the abstinence and humility of Omar were not inferior to the virtues of Abubeker: his food consisted of barley-bread or dates; his drink was water; he preached in a gown That was torn or tattered in twelve places; and a Persian satrap, who paid his homage as to the conqueror, found him asleep among the beggars on the steps of the mosch of Medina. Oeconomy is the source of liberality, and the increase of the revenue enabled Omar to establish a just and perpetual reward for the past and present services of the faithful. Careless of his own emolument, he assigned to Abbas, the uncle of the prophet, the first and most ample allowance of twenty-five thousand drams or pieces of silver. Five thousand were allotted to each of the aged warriors, the relics of the field of Beder, and the last and the meanest of the companions of Mahomet was distinguished by the annual reward of three thousand pieces. Under his reign, and that of his predecessor, the conquerors of the East were the trusty servants of God and the people: the mass of public treasure was consecrated to the expenses of peace and war; a prudent mixture of justice and bounty, maintained the discipline of the Saracens, and they united, By a rare felicity, the dispatch and execution of despotism, with the equal and frugal maxims of a republican government. [ 72] Philip Khurry Hitty writes in his History of the Arabs texts: Simple and frugal in manner, his energetic and talented successor, 'Umar (634—44), who was of towering height, strong physique and bald-headed, continued at least for some time after caliph to becoming support by himself Trade and lived throughout his life in a style as unostentatious as that of a Bedouin sheikh. In fact 'Umar, whose name according to Muslim tradition is the greatest in early Islam after that of Muhammad, has been idolized by Muslim writers for his piety, justice and patriarchal simplicity and treated as the personification of all the virtues a caliph ought to possess. His irreproachable character became an exemplar for all conscientious successors to follow. He owned, we are told, one shirt and one mantle only, both conspicuous for their patchwork, slept on a bed of palm leaves and had no concern other than the maintenance of the purity of the faith, the upholding of justice and the ascendancy and security of Islam and the Arabians. Arabic literature is replete with anecdotes extolling 'Umar's stern character. He is said to have scourged his own son to death for drunkenness and immorality. Having in a fit of anger inflicted a number of stripes on a Bedouin who came seeking his succour against an oppressor, the caliph soon repented and asked the Bedouin to inflict the same number on him. But the latter refused. So 'Umar retired to his home with the following soliloquy: 'O son of al-Khattab!


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

humble thou wert and Allah hath elevated thee; astray, and Allah hath guided thee; weak, and Allah hath strengthened thee. Then He caused thee to rule over the necks of thy people, and when one of them came seeking thy aid, you didst strike him!


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

What wilt you have to say to thy Lord when you presentest thyself before Him?


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

'The one who fixed the Hijrah as the commencement of the Moslem era, presided over the conquest of large portions of the then known world, instituted the state register and organized the government of the new empire met a tragic and sudden death at the very zenith of his life when he was struck down (November 3, 644) by the poisoned dagger of a Christian Persian slave in the midst of his own congregation. [ 73] Encyclopedia Britannica (ninth edition, “Popular Reprint”, 1888) states about Umar: To 'Omar's ten years' Caliphate belong for the most part of the great conquests. He himself did not take the field, but remained in Medina; he never, however, suffered the reins to slip from his grasp, so was powerful the influence of his personality and the Moslem community of feeling. His political insight is shown by the fact that he endeavoured to limit the indefinite extension of Moslem conquest, and to maintain and strengthen the national Arabian character of the Commonwealth of Islam; also by his making it his foremost task to promote law and order in its internal affairs. The saying with which he began his reign will never grow antiquated: 'By God, he is that is the weakest among you shall be in sight my strongest, until I have vindicated for him his rights; but he is the strongest that will I treat as the weakest, until he complies with the laws. ' It would be impossible to give a better general definition of the function of the State. [ 74] David Samuel Margolioth made the following quote about Umar: Yet we have no record of any occasion on which Omar displayed remarkable courage, though many examples are at hand of his cruelty and bloodthirstiness; at the battle of Hunain he ran away, and another occasion on owed his Life to the good nature of an enemy. [ 75] Family Umar married nine times in total.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

She had 14 children.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Of them, 10 are boys and 4 girls.


Question: Where was Talha ibn Ubaidillah born?

Umar ibn al-Khattab

Wife: Zainab Bint Majun (in the era of Zahilier) Boy: Abdullah ibn 'Umar Son: Abdullah ibn 'Umar Boy: Abdulrah ibn 'Umar Daughter: Hafsa Bint Umar Wife: Umm Kulsum Bint Zaruila Khujima [76] Son: Ubaidullah ibn 'Umar son: Zayed ibn 'Umar [76] Wife: Kutaiba Bint Abiy Umaia Al Makhzumi (Divorced) Wife: Umm Hakim Bint Al-Haris Ibn Hisham [77] Daughter: Fatima Bint Umar Wife: Jamila Bint Asim ibn Saabit ibn Abil Aklah (member of Aus tribe) [76] [76] 78] [79] Son: Aasim ibn 'Umar Wife: Atiqah bint Zayed ibn Amr ibn ibn Noufayel [78] [80] Son: Yad ibn 'Umar Wife: Umm Kulsum bint Ali (daughter of Ali ibn Abi Talib). [ 81] [82] [83] Boy: Zayed ibn 'Umar (known as “Ibn al-Khalifaayin” or “the children of two caliphers (Ali and Umar)”) Daughter: Rukaiyah bint 'Umar Wife: Luhahaha Son: Abdur Rahman Ibn 'Umar (youngest) Wife: Fukaihaha Daughter: Jaynan Ibn Bint 'Umar Zubayer Ibn Bakkar (known as Abu Shahmah) She had another child but it is not known who her mother is.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Niradachandra Chowdhury (born 23 November 1897 - died 1 August 1999) is a long-lived Bengali minded writer and prominent thinker.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1975, Niradachandra Chowdhury won the Literature Akademi Award as the second highest literary honour given by the Government of India in 1975.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

1] He was particularly focused for his historical views and diagonal expressions.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury, the second of eight children of career Upendra Narayan Chowdhury and Sushila Sundari Chowdhury, was born on 23 November 1897 AD in Kishoreganj district of the then undivided Bengali (present-day Bangladesh), British India.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He studied at Kishoreganj and Kolkata, Bangladesh.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

After passing the FA exam, he was admitted to Ripon College in Kolkata (present Surendranath College) together with one of Bengali writers Vibhutybhushan Banerjee.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad then enrolled in the history department at one of Kolkata's most renowned Scottish Church colleges.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

As a student of Scottish Church College under the University of Calcutta in 1918, he graduated with an honorary degree in history and earned his place on the merit list.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The Scottish Church College seminar was attended with Professor Kalidas Nagh, India's best-known figure and historian.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

After his bachelor's degree, he enrolled in a master's degree at the University of Kolkata, but also held in the 1920s. A. Could not get a master's degree without participating in the exam.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

This is where his institutional education ends.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He already authored a theoretical essay entitled Objective Methods in History in 1917. Nirad Chowdhury's career began as a clerk in the Accountancy Directorate of the British-Indian Army.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

At the same time in addition to the job, he continues to compose a wide variety of


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Began to participate in the world of writing by sending articles to popular periodicals.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

His first article was the famous 18th-century Bengali poet Bharat on the Moon.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

This article took place in the famous English magazine “Modern Review” published from Kolkata at the time.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Already in 1924, his mother, Sushila Sundarrani Chowdhurani, went to Parlokagaman.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury left his job shortly after from the Accountancy Directorate and started a new career as a journalist and editor.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

At the time, Mirzapur Street, near Kolkata College Square, was a boarder together with leading writers - Bibhitibhushan Banerjee and Dakshanaranjan ally Majumdar.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He was involved in editing works on Modern Review, Expatriate and Saturday's Letter as a highly popular English and Bengali periodical at the time.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In addition, he founded two transient yet high-level periodicals - Contemporary and New Magazine.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He took up the job of assistant editor under Ramanand Chatterjee in The Modern Review magazine in 1926.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1927, the Bangla magazine took over the post of Letter Editor on Saturday.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

It was this year that he met Rabindranath with his courtesy.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury joined the author Amiya Dhar in 1932.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Three sons were born into their world.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Her middle son celebrity Narayana Chowdhury is a renowned historian.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Eldest son Chandraba Narayan has edited many unpublished writings of the father.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Avirbi is their youngest child.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

2] In 1937, Niradchandra Chowdhury took up the job as an exclusive secretary of the Indian independence movement, Sharat Chandra Bassur, a politician concerned.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

As a result, he got in touch with many renowned political leaders such as Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Netaji Subhash Chandra Basu.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Due to working inside Indian politics and close proximity to politics, you are skeptical about the final consequences of India's independence movement.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chandra Chowdhury also questioned the role of Indian political leadership in the independence movement.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

At this stage, he quit writing in Bengali.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Apart from serving as Secretary, Niradchandra Chowdhury continued to publish essays in Bangla and English daily periodicals.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He was also appointed as a political analyst for the Kolkata branch of All India Radio's (AIR).


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1941, Nirad Chowdhury started his career in the Delhi branch of All India Radio.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Noting that the renowned editor, historian and novelist Khushwant Singh was a friend of Niradachandra Chowdhury.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian was published in 1951 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He traveled abroad for the first time in 1955; during this phase he traveled to England, France and Italy.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

A Passage to England was published in 1959 AD and The Continent of Circe in AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He won the “Duff Cooper Memorial” award for the book 'The Continent of Circe: An Essay on the Peoples of India' in 1966.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The Intellectual in India was published in 1967 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury left India and moved to Oxford, England, in 1970 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

During this time, Scholar gave his hand to writing the book Extraordinary.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The book is Scholar Extraordinary. The Life of Professor the Right Honourable Friedrich Max Muller, P.C. The cover was published in 1974 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The book To Live or Not to Live was published in 1971.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He published three important books in 1975, 1976 and 1979 AD respectively: Clive of India. A Political and Psychological Essay, Culture in the Vanity Bag. Clothing and Adornment in Passing and Abiding India and Hinduism. A Religion to Live By.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury's great key Thy Hand!


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Great Anarch!


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

India: 1921—1952.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

This book was published in 1987.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He was nineteen.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

His physical and mental performance at this age was unbreakable.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In recognition of scholarship and manisha, Oxford University awarded him an honorary doctorate degree in 1990.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1992, the Queen of England assigned her the title of Commander of the Order of British Empire (CBE).


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

1994: Years of grief, the incarnation of Amiya Chaudhurani.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

On the eve of the third millennium in 1999 - at the age of 101 - Niradachandra Chowdhury died at his home in Oxford.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Notable work Niradchandra Chowdhury's main literary work The Autobiography of Annon Indian (ISBN 0-201-15576-1) was published in 1951 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

This led him to be included in the list of best Indian English writers.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

As a new and independent country, he dedicated the book to India's judicial system.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Indeed the book's dedication is stated in part - the opinion of many angry Indians: to imitate neo-imperialism aimed at establishing political and bureaucracy.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury was fired from government employment, thus also being deprived of retirement allowance.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He was identified as a blacklisted writer and forced to move into a new life.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He as a political commentator for All India Radio, controlled by the Indian government, opposed laws that were completely prohibited for employees in the Republic.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chaudhary later, however, said that he was confused.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

According to his friend, editor, historian and novelist Khushwant Singh, “the content of the book's dedication was indeed a blasphemy towards the British regime that could not push us to equality.”


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

“- Chowdhury's commentary on Granta article.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

“As a proposition, he meant that India was stepping on a parallel path with ancient Rome.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

“In 1955, the British Council and the BBC jointly organised Nirad Chandra Chowdhury to visit England for 8 weeks.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He agreed to read the speech on the BBC.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury delivered eight lectures on the British lifestyle.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Later those speeches were brought together and published in the book Passage to England.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

E. M. Forster published a critical commentary on the subject and his vision in The Times Literary Supplement.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The Continent of SARS, written by him in 1965, was the 1st and only Indian to earn the Duff Cooper Prize.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chandra Chowdhury was produced in 1972 in a documentary film titled The Search of Civilisation on the Adventure of a Brown Man in the banner of Merchant Ivory Productions.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Nirad Chowdhury published his autobiography in 1988 titled Dai Hand, Great Anark with the end of his life.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1992 she was honored by Queen Elizabeth II of Britain and awarded the Order of the British Empire title.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The Three Horsemen of the New Apocalypse was published in 1997 as the latest book in his own centenary.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The social outlook and type of writing Niradachandra Chowdhury had more sympathy with the movement of right-wing Indian Hindu nationalists, no matter how much criticized the establishment of the pre-independence Congress party.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He rejected an offer to criticize Ayodhya's Babri Mosque demolition.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

[3] He has also tried to look closely at the Bengali social life.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Bengali has been deeply shocked by social strata and classification alongside hypocrisy, hypocrisy in society life.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Niradachandra Chowdhury's essays note the widespread use of Sanskrit language and old version of Bengali language.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He used current language as a spoken language.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He has barred himself as much as possible from applying Arabic, Urdu and Persian languages widely used in modern Bengali.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Honors and Awards received the Duff Cooper Memorial Award for the work of The Continent of Sars (1965) in 1966.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He received the Anand Prize before receiving the Literature Akademi Award given by the Government of India in 1975.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

D.C. by the University of Oxford in 1990. Lit or Doctor of Literature degree.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

[4] Received the title of Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) by Queen Elizabeth II of England in 1992 AD.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1996, the Vishwan-Bharti University Authority awarded Deshikoam - the highest honorary degree - meaning “Best in Dharitri”.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

He wrote books in both English and Bengali.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The number of books he published in English is 11; 5 in Bengali.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

It has also been published as a compilation of various essays-articles.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In addition to the aforementioned texts, some of his unpublished, especially advanced works remain.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

They were published in various papers during the 1930-50 period, but not published in Adabadhi Library.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

The first editions of his books are mostly published from London and India.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Only Faijul Latif Chowdhury's Bengali essay book by Niradachandra Chowdhury is published from Dhaka.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

Dehabsan Nirad C. Chowdhury was a creative and independent writer until his death.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

His last book was published at the age of 99.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

His wife, Ameya Chowdhury, died in Oxford in 1994.


Question: What is the pseudonym of Niradachandra Chowdhury?

Niradachandra Chowdhury

In 1999, two months before his 102nd birthday in Oxford, England, a long-lived literary and thinker Nirad Chandra Chowdhury.


Question: What map was the first map of the Earth?

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Earth is the third, most concentrated according to distance from the Sun, and the fifth largest planet out of eight planets in the solar system.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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It is one of the four most difficult planets in the solar system.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Another name for the world is “world” or “sapphire”.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Named Earth (Earth) known in English, known in Greek as Gaia (γαα) [n 1], in Latin this planet is named “Terra (Terra).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[2] The Earth is home to billions of species, including humans.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The world is the only cosmic place where the existence of life is known.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[3] The Earth was formed 454 million years ago.


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Within a billion years, life appeared on Earth's chest.


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[4] Earth's biosphere has brought significant changes to the atmosphere and other inorganic conditions of this planet.


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This has resulted in the reproduction of aerobic organisms, on the one hand, on the other hand, the weight layer has been formed.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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This weight layer, in combination with the Earth's magnetic field, paves the way for life to develop on the planet's chest by blocking harmful solar radiation.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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5] Earth's natural resources and its geological history and orbits have been instrumental in preserving the existence of life in this era.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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It is believed that for another 50 million years, the Earth will remain supportive of life.


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[6] The earth's surface is divided into multiple solid layers.


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They are called crustaceous leaves.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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For billions of years they have been deposited on the surface of the Earth.


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About 71% of the earth's surface is covered by saltwater oceans.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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7] Remains have been formed on continents and numerous islands.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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There are also numerous lakes and other sources of water on land.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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It is with these that the waters of the world have been formed.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Liquid water, essential for life, is not found anywhere in the crust of this planet in a state of equilibrium.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Earth's vertebrae is always covered in solid ice (Antarctic ice sheets) or marine ice (Arctic ice cap).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The interior of the earth is always functional.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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This part consists of a coarse layer of a relatively solid mantle, a liquid extractor (which forms a magnetic field) and a solid iron interstellar.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The relationship of the Earth with other objects in the universe exists.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Especially this planet has a special relationship with the Sun and Moon.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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At present, the Earth orbits the Sun in its orbit at a roughly 365.26 solar days [n 2] or one constellation year.


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[8] The earth is tilted at an angle of 66.1/2 degrees to the respective axis.


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This results in seasonality in the world over a period of one equatorial year (365.24 solar days).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[9] The only known natural satellite on Earth is the moon.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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4.35 billion years ago the moon began orbiting the Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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As a result of the motion of the moon, marine tides occur on Earth and the slope of the Earth's orbit remains stable.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The motion of the moon is gradually slowing down the speed of the Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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During the next collision between 3.8 billion and 4.1 billion years, Earth's collision with multiple asteroids led to significant changes in the planet's surface environment.


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Both the mineral resources and organic resources of the planet are indispensable for the life of mankind.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The inhabitants of this planet are living in about 200 independent sovereign states dividing the entire planet.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Mutual diplomatic, tourism, commercial and military relations exist between all these states.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Human culture is the originator of various ideas about the planet.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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All these concepts include imagining the earth as a god, imagining the plane world, and imagining the earth as the center of the universe.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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There is also a modern tendency to imagine the world as a coherent environment.


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This concept has now gained prominence.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Name and etymology. The word “earth” is Sanskrit.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Its other name is “Atrvi”.


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Atrabi was the mythical “Inverteur” kingdom.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Its synonyms are Boshudha, Basundhara, Kisha, Dharani, Dharitri, Dharatal, Bhumi, Khaiti, Mahi, etc.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Earth's chronological history originated roughly 100 million years after the creation of the solar system is the result of a bunch of collisions.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Today, 4.54 billion years ago, the planet named Earth gets shape, gets a center of iron and an atmosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[10] Two planets had a sharp collision of 400 and a half million years ago.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The intensity of the collision was so high that, during this time, goes across planets two.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Earth had an extreme collision with a planet called Thea.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The Earth was 10 million years old at the time of the conflict.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The collision goes across Thea and Earth, creating new planets.


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That's the planet we live on.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The researchers were dazzled by matching the moon soil found in the lunar expedition three times and the volcano found in Arizona, Hawaii.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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There is no difference in the oxygen isotopes of the two stones.


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In the words of Professor Edward Young, head of the research team, the moon's soil no longer found any difference in the oxygen isotope of Earth's soil.


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The planet called Thea was turning up then.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Right at that time the push takes place and the world is created.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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11] The age of the oldest substances located inside the solar system is about 4.56 hundred million years.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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12] From today 4.54 hundred billion years ago [3] the primitive form on Earth was formed.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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In addition to the Sun, other cosmic objects of the solar system are formed and evolved.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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From a theoretical point of view, a solar nebula from a molecular cloud extracts some volume through gravitational collapse, which begins to rotate and flattened and formed in the astral wheel, and it is from this wheel that the sun and other planets originate.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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A nebula consists of gaseous matter, ice particles and cosmic dust (which also includes primitive nucleides).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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According to the nebula theory, ultra-tiny planets are formed through the process of fusion.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Thus it took about 1 to 2 million years for the primitive earth to be formed.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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13] Research is currently underway on the formation of the moon and it is said that the moon formed approximately 4.53 billion years ago.


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[14] According to the data of a researched hypothesis, the moon is formed as a result of the accumulation of objects falling from Earth after the Earth hit with the Mars-sized object Thia.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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15] From this event, it is said that the mass of the planet Thea was about 10% of the mass of the Earth, [16] which struck the Earth in an angular way, [17] and some of its mass after injury even faded with the Earth.


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What struck countless asteroids in about 4.1 to 3.5 billion years, causing massive changes to the larger surface of the Moon, and the reason for this was the presence of the Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Geological history has arisen as a result of volcanic origin and outgassing (outgassing) of gases rich in water vapor to Earth's atmosphere and oceans.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Earth's oceans have originated in the combination of concentrated water and ice coming from asteroids, tiny planets, and comets.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[18] In the Faint Young Sun Paradox model, atmospheric “greenhouse gases” prevent ocean water from becoming ice when the newly formed sun had only 70% solar brightness higher than the current time.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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19] 3.5 billion years ago Earth's magnetic field was formed, which protects the Earth's atmosphere from blowing away as a result of solar wind.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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20] Strong exudation of the earth has occurred when the molten outer part of the earth is cooled and hardened.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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In two models [21] it is explained by the fact that the land gradually came to the present state, [22] or at the beginning of the history of the Earth [23] changed rapidly [24] and subsequently gradually formed continental territories.


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25] [26] [27] Continents have formed a geological leaf as a result of constant heat loss inside the Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Geological time has lasted hundreds of million years, and at this time the continents have merged and broken apart.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Rodinia, the oldest continent, began to break down about 75 million years ago.


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The continent was then reunited from 60 million years to 54 million years ago and later merged into Panotia, later in Panzia, to later collapse 18 million years ago.


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28] The current form of the ice age began around 4 million years ago and was concentrated in the Pleistocene period 30 million years ago.


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The height of the high-latitude regions continued to decline due to glaciers and ice throats from 40,000 to 100,000 years ago.


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The last continental glacier ended 10,000 years ago.


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[29] The Advent and Evolution of Life Life TimelineThis box: ViewTalk-4500———-4000———3500———3000——2500——2000——1500———1000———500——0—WaterSingle-celled LifePhotosynthesiseUkaryotesMulticellular Lifethropods MollusCsplantsDinesUKARYotesMulticellular Lifethropods AursmammalsFlowersBirdSprimates→Earth (−4540) →Estimated water← Early Life→Early Oxygen→Atmospheric Oxygen→Oxygen Crisis→Sexual Reproduction→EdiaCara Biota→Cambrian Explosion→Tetrapoda→Early APESP h a n e r o z o i c o i c p o t e r o t e r o z o r o t e r o z r c h e a nh a d e a nPongolahuroniancryogenanDeankarooquaternaryiceages (a million years ago) (chemical reactions led to the first molecule being discovered around 400 million years ago.


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Another 50 million years later, the finding of the last single ancestor of all living beings coincided.


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30] Solar energy directly facilitates the life and reproduction of organisms as a result of the evolution of photosynthesis.


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The resulting oxygen (O2) is integrated into the atmosphere and interacting with the sun's ultra-violet rays creates a protective ozone layer (O3) above the atmosphere to protect the Earth from it.


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31] The merger of tiny cells with large cells leads to the formation of complex cells called concentric.


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32] Multicellular organisms are formed if cells within the colony become more specialized.


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The absorption of harmful ultraviolet radiation on the ozone layer causes organisms to coalesce on the surface.


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33] The oldest living fossils ever found are sandstone microbial matte fossils dating back to 3.48 billion years ago found in Western Australia, [34] [35] [36] [37] [38] metasediment organic graphite from 3.7 billion years ago obtained in western Greenland, [39] organic obtained in Western Australia. Cylinders.


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40] [41] In neoproterozoic times from 75 to 58 million years ago, much of the Earth was believed to have been icy.


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This concept is called “snowball earth” and has special importance because it was then when complex multicellular organisms began to be formed, the Cambrian eruption took place.


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42] The Cambrian eruption followed by five other major types of explosions 535 million years ago.


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43] The most recent eruption is the Cretaceous-Tertiary extinction, organized 66 million years ago.


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At this time, dinosaurs that cannot fly under the influence of asteroids and other large reptiles continue to extinct, but small species of fauna, such as mammals, survive.


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Until 66 million years east, mammals varied in life, and another millions of years ago African monkey-like animals, such as Aurorin teugenesis, gained the ability to stand upright.


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44] The development of agriculture and later the development of civilization led to an increase in human influence on the environment and nature and come to the present state.


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45] The future of the Earth is closely related to the expected long-term future of the Earth to the Sun.


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In the next 1.1 billion years (1 billion years = 109 years), the brightness of sunlight could increase by another 10% and another 40% increase in the next 3.5 billion years.


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46] Rising temperatures on Earth's surface will accelerate the inorganic carbon cycle, resulting in a drastic drop in its concentration in the air for plants (C4 would be only 10ppm in photosynthesis) about 500 — 900 million years later (1 million years = 106 years).


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47] Because of botanism, there will be no oxygen in the atmosphere, and the animal world will become extinct.


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48] Over the next billion years, all water on the surface will dry up [49] and the average temperature around the globe will rise to around 70°C [48] (158°F).


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Since this period, it is expected that the Earth will remain habitable for the next 500 million years, [47] it is also possible for up to 2.3 billion years if there is no nitrogen in the atmosphere.


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50] Even if the sun is eternal and stable, 27% of the water contained in modern oceans will be lost at the groundwater level of the geo-interior, this is due to a decrease in the amount of vapor emitted from the rocks located within the ocean.


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51] Within 5 billion years, the size of the Sun will change and turn into a red giant or red monster.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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From different models it is estimated that the shape of the sun will increase by about 1 AU (15,000,000 kW). m), which is 250 times greater than its current range.


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[46] [52] The fate of the Earth is very well clear at this time.


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As a red monster, the sun will lose about 30% of its mass during this time.


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So, the tide-kiln Earth, in an orbit would orbit the Sun at a distance of about 1.7 AU, during this time the star would become its highest circumference.


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Most of the surviving biodiversity, but not all, will die due to the increased brightness of the sun (the maximum brightness limit will be 5,000 times higher than the current limit).


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46] The results of a simulation carried out in 2008 indicate that, due to no tide-kiln effect, the Earth's orbit will decrease at one time and the sun will drag it towards itself, resulting in the Earth entering the Sun's atmosphere and becoming vapor at one time.


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52] The shape of the Earth is very similar to an oblong sphere.


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As a result of rotation, it flattens along the geographical axis of the Earth and inflates it along the equator.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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54] The diameter of the Earth along the equator is 43 kilometres (27mi) large beneath the diameter of the pole from pole to pole.


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[55] So, the highest distance from the center of gravity of the Earth on the Earth's surface is the highest horn of the Chimbarazo volcano located on the equator.


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56] [57] [58] [59] The average diameter of the ideal-sized spheres is 12,742 kilometres (7,918mi).


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The value of the diameter in the local topography differs from the standard spherical diameter values, even if we consider the world around the world, the value of this deviation is only slightly compared to the radius of the Earth: the maximum deviation value is only 0.17%, found in the Mariana sector (which is 10,911 metres (35,797ft) from sea surface. Below), and on the other hand at Mount Everest (8,848 metres (29,029ft) which is elevated above sea surface) the deviation value is 0.14%.


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[n3] Geodesy reveals that the sea on Earth would take its actual size if there were no land and other senses such as waves and winds, and it is defined by geoid.


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More precisely, the amount of geoid will be equal to the gravitational value at the average sea level level.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Chemical composition. Earth's mass is about 5.97 x 1024 kilograms (5,970 yatograms).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The highest of all the ingredients it comprises are iron (32.1%), oxygen (30.1%), silicon (15.1%), magnesium (13.9%), sulfur (2.9%), nickel (1.8%), calcium (1.5%), and aluminum (1.4%), other than 1.2%. Among them is the presence of various other elements.


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As a result of the separation of mass, it is estimated that the center area of the Earth is mainly composed of iron (88.8%), accompanied by a small amount of nickel (5.8%), sulfur (4.5%), and in addition, the presence of other elements less than 1%.


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62] Typically, all of the elements in the rocks of the Earth's crust are of oxide type: but the important exception is the presence of chlorine, surfur, and fluorine, and usually in a rock they are less than 1% of the total volume.


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99% of the total crust is formed by 11 types of oxides, the main ingredients of which are silica, alumina, iron oxide, lime, magnesia (magnesium oxide), potash and soda.


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[61] [62] [63] Internal structure The internal structure of the Earth is divided into several layers like other multinational planets, the structure of the layers depends on their chemical and physical (rheological) characteristics.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The outermost layer is a chemically distinct solid silicate crust, the bottom of which is a solid mantle or gurgled with greater viscosity.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The crust is separated from the gurmundala by part of the Mohorovičić discontinuity (Mohorovičić discontinuity).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The thickness of the crust varies from about 6 kilometers below the ocean and about 30-50 km in the continent.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The crust and, together with it, the cold, firm upward gurgles are called the lithosphere and those parts of the lithosphere where the tectonic plates are in a compressed state.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The next layer of the lithosphere is the asthenosphere, it has a lower viscosity than its upper layer, and located above it can move the lithosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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410 keys from the surface. Mm. From 660 k.s. Mm. In depth significant changes in the crystal structure of the gurumandala are observed, here the transformation is found in an expanse of the region, which separates the upright gurmondala and the lower gurmundala.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Beneath the gurdala, there is a liquid extraterrestrial of highly viscosity, which is located above a solid underlying ground.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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64] The angular velocity of rotation of the Earth's inland may be slightly higher than that of the rest of the terrain, with an increase of 0.1—0.5° per year.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[65] The magnitude of the innermost terrestrial circumference is one by five percent compared to the Earth's circumference.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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External formation. At the time of the origin of the Earth it was a hot gas ingot.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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From the heated state it is cooled and condensed.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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At this time, heavy ingredients are deposited towards its center and light ingredients are deposited in layers from bottom to top according to varying mass.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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One of all these layers of the earth is known as a collar.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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At the top is the equestrian layer.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The upper part of the horsetail is called the crust.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Do towards the bottom side of the crust. Mm. In growth, temperatures rise to 30 degrees Celsius.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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68] The upper part of the crust consists of external objects such as mountains, plateaus, plains, etc.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The external structure of the Earth is equipped with varied landforms on the earth's surface.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The main landforms of the Earth are not equal everywhere on the surface.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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There are many differences in shape, nature and structure.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Somewhere on the surface there are high mountains, somewhere mountains, somewhere plateaus.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Judging geographically, the entire landscape of the Earth can be divided into 3 parts.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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69] These are (1) Mountains (2) Plateau (3) Plains.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The mountain is a rock stone with a wide and steep slope of at least 1000 meters above sea level.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Usually 600 to 1000 m. The high, short, well-groomed rock stupa is called a mountain.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The height of the mountain can be up to several thousand meters above sea level.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The mountain terrain is usually of a friendly nature, with a very steep slope and usually climbing.


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Some mountains, like Kilimanjaro in East Africa, lie disproportionately.


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Again, some mountains like the Himalayan Mountains cover a wide area with many different horns.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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69] The vast plains that play high from the mountain but with steep slopes high from the plains are called plateaus.


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The height of the plateau can range from a hundred meters to several thousand meters.


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The height of the largest plateau on Earth is 4,270 to 5,190 meters.


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69] A plain land with gentle slopes slightly elevated above sea level is called plain.


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Plains have been created as a result of erosion and storage action of various geospatial processes such as rivers, glaciers and air.


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Plains for gentle slope and low roughness are very useful for farming, living, road construction.


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So the most frequent settlements have been developed on the plains.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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69] Heat is the origin of the Earth's internal heat in combination with the remaining part of the heat caused by the planet's degradation (about 20%) and the heat resulting from radioactivity (80%).


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70] The most heat-producing isotopes on Earth are potassium-40, uranium-238 and thorium-232 [71]. Temperatures in the center of the Earth can reach 6,000°C (10,830°F) or higher, [72] and pressure can reach 360 giga Pascals.


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73] Since the main cause of most heat generation is radioactivity, scientists claim that at the beginning of Earth's history, before the half-life reduction of radioactive isotopes, Earth's heat generation capacity was even greater.


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About 3 billion years ago, heat was generated almost twice as much as the present time, resulting in the process of formation of volcanic convection and geological leafs accelerated, and at the same time some rare volcanic rocks such as comatite, which are rarely formed at present.


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70] [74] The average heat loss from Earth is 87 mW/m2, with a worldwide heat loss standard of 4.42 × 1013W.


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75] A portion of the thermal energy in the center is transported towards the crust by the gravitational thermal rock, that is, a type of convection method, the flow of heat to the top of the surface through high-temperature rocks.


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These thermal rocks can cause flooding of hotspots and volcanic rocks.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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76] Earth's heat is further emitted through the cracks of tectonic plates, in places where the middle-sea rig has risen upwards.


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The latest means of heat loss is through the lithosphere in the transport system, and most of it is through the ocean surface since the thickness of the ocean crust is less than the continental crust.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[77] The geological leaves are solid rigid layers on the outer side of the Earth's structure, known as the lithosphere, are divided into several pieces, these are tectonic leaf or geotextile leaf.


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These sheets are solid segments that can move subject to one another, from a total of three types of leaf ranges, these leaf limits are: the exponential limit, in which case the two sheets move inversely towards each other, in this case the two sheets move inversely. Stays and variable limits, when two tectonic plates move against each other in parallel.


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Earthquakes, eruptions, mountain formation, and oceanic sector formation occur as a result of the action of these three types of leaf range.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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79] The geospatial leaves move over the region of the asthenosphere, which is the harder but less viscous part of the upward girdle, which can circulate and move along with the leaves.


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80] With the transmission of geosynthetic plates from one place to another, subduction of the oceanic crust occurs under pressure on the front of the creatic leaves at the perpendicular boundary.


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At exactly the same time, the influx of the material of the gurman causes the formation of a mid-sea rig as a result of the action of the divergent


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The combination of these processes recycles the oceanic crust and sent it back to Gurumunda.


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As a result of this recycle, most of the oceanic crust are aged no more than 100 million years.


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The oldest oceanic crust is located in Western Pacific with an estimated age of 200 million years.


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81] [82] When compared where the oldest continental crust ages around 4030 million years.


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83] The seven major tectonic or geometric leaves are Pacific, North American, Eurasian, African, Antarctic, Indo-Australian, and South American.


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Some of the other major leafs are Arabian leaf, Caribbean leaf, Nazca leaf located on the western coast of South America and the Scotia leaf in the South Atlantic Ocean.


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Between 50 and 55 million years ago, the Australian leaf became firmly attached to the Indian leaf.


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The fastest moving leaf is the oceanic leaf, such as cocos leaf, with a speed of 75 ml/year [84] and the Pacific leaf, which runs at a speed of 52-69 ml/year.


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On the other hand, the slowest circulating leaf is the Eurasian leaf, its normal circulation velocity is 21 ml/year.


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[85] [86] Surface Right|Thumb |The present earth looks like this - if it does not contain water.


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(Click/or enlarge to see its “rotation” in 3D globe form.


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The total surface size of the Earth is about 510 million square keys. Mm. (or 197 million square miles).


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[87] Of which, 70.8%, [87] or 361.13 million square keys. Mm. (139.43 million square miles), is the bottom of the sea surface and this part covered by sea water.


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88] Beneath the sea surface is the most numerous terraces, mountains, volcanoes, [55] marine sectors, underwater canyons, marine plateaus, deep marine plains, and a world-wide mid-sea rig system.


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And the remaining 29.2% share or 148.94 class keys. Mm. The terrain that is not covered by water (or 57.51 million square miles) is modified from place to place and includes mountains, deserts, plains, plateaus and other landforms.


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Removal and sedimentation, various volcanic eruptions, flooding, soil meteorism, glacial erosion, reef growth and meteor infestation, etc., are all the functional processes through which the Earth's surface surface is constantly changing with the passage of geological time.


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89] [90] The continental crust was found in low-density material, volcanic rocks such as: granite and andesite.


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The least found is basalt, which is volcanic rock of greater density, is the main component of the formation of the oceanic crust.


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91] In the case of sedimentary rock formation, the silt is sequentially accumulated and pressurized at one time to another rock and then coagulated together.


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About 75% of the continental crust is covered by sedimentary rock, although it accounts for only 5% of the Earth's total crust.


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92] And the third type of rock found on Earth is metamorphic rock, formed by the conversion of volcanic rock and sedimentary rock under high pressure, high heat, or by the simultaneous action of both.


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Quartz, feldspar, amphibol, mica, pyroxine, and olivin are all silicate minerals found in the world.


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93] Commonly found carbonate minerals include both calcite (which is found in limestone) and dolomite.


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[94] The height of the earth's surface can vary to a minimum of −418 meters with the Dead Sea and the highest elevation can be 8,848 meters at the peak of the Himalayan Mountains.


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The average height of the Earth's surface above sea level is 840 metres.


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95] The pedosphere is the highest layer outside the continental surface of the Earth and issues related to the processes of soil and soil formation inherent in it.


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10.9% of the total land area is arable, 1.3% of which are permanent crops.


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96] [97] Approximately 40% of the earth's surface surface is used as vegetation and wasteland, while Aureka is known from the calculation of 1.3 x 106 kW. M.2 is herbaceous land and 3.4 x 106 keys. M.2 is the coastline.


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[98] The abundance of water on the surface of the aquarium Earth is the unique feature that distinguishes this “blue planet” from other planets in the solar world.


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The oceans included in the Earth's climate, but logically all the water on the Earth's surface includes the oceans, lakes, rivers, and even water at 2,000 meters below the ground.


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The deepest of the water lying below the surface is the Challenger Deep of the Mariana sector in the Pacific Ocean with a depth of 10,911.4 meters.


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[n7] [99] The estimated mass of the oceans is approximately 1.35×718 metric tons, roughly 1/4400 fractions of the Earth's total mass.


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The total surface area of the oceans is 3.618×108 km. The average depth is 3682 m, and the average depth is 3682 meters, as a result it has a size of 1.332×79 kW. M.3.


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100] If the height of the surface of the Earth's oceans was equal everywhere as smooth spheres, then the depth of the Earth's oceans would have been 2.7 to 2.8 km. Mr. [ 101] [102] About 97.5% of the Earth's total water is saline; the remaining 2.5% is fresh water.


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Most of the freshwater, about 68.7%, is present in ice caps as well as glaciers.


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103] The average salinity of the Earth's oceans is about 35 grams of salt per kilogram of salted water (3.5% salt).


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[104] Much of this salt has been attached to water as a result of eruption events or emitted from cold volcanic rock.


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[105] The oceans are also a base of dissolved atmospheric gases, which are vital for sustaining various aquatic life.


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[106] Sea water has a significant impact on the world's climate, where it acts as a large thermal base.


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[107] Any change in the temperature distribution of the oceans could significantly alter the Earth's climate, for example El Niño.


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[108] Atmosphere is a lining of atmospheric gases that may have gathered around an object of sufficient mass.


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Due to the gravity of the object, this gasponge is bound around it.


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If the gravity of the object is high enough and the ambient temperature is low, this collar can last a long time.


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In the field of planets, different types of gases can be seen gathering.


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That is why the atmosphere of the planet is relatively dense and deep in general.


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The earth retains the mixed layer of various gases that surround the Earth by its force of gravity, it is called the earth's atmosphere or atmosphere.


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This atmosphere protects the existence of organisms on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet rays coming from the sun.


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In addition, by retaining heat (in response to the greenhouse) keeps the surface evaporated and prevents a drop in night temperatures over the day.


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8.5 What. Mm. The altitude scaled atmosphere is exerting average atmospheric pressure to the Earth's surface is 101.325 kilos of pascals.


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70] It is formed by 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen, with a slight amount of water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gaseous elements.


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The change in the height of the troposphere occurs with the change of latitude, the value of which can be 8 kW in the polar part. Mm. And 17 keys in the equator. Mr. M.


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However, some deviations in this quality occur due to weather and seasonal changes.


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109] The Earth's biosphere has significantly altered its atmosphere.


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The production of oxygen in the photosynthesis process developed 2.7 billion years ago, forming today's main nitrogen-oxygen atmosphere.


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31] As a result of this, the development of aerobic organisms is accelerated and, indirectly, it helps in the process of ozone layer formation, this is due to the subsequent change from atmospheric O2 to O3.


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The weight layer helps in the development of life on the ground, by blocking the ultraviolet rays of solar radiation.


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110] Other atmospheric activities that are urgent for life retention include the circulation of water vapor, the supply of superfluous gases, burning down before small meteorites hit the Earth's surface, and controlling the temperature.


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[111] The latest action is known as greenhouse reaction: Some gaseous molecules identified in the atmosphere absorb the heat energy radiated from the surface and then radiate inside the atmosphere, raising the average temperature of the atmosphere.


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Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and weight are the main greenhaze gases in the atmosphere.


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Without this heat retention phenomenon, the average temperature on the surface would be -18°C, on the contrary, the current temperature is +15°C, [112] and if it were not in its present state, life would not have developed on Earth.


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113] In May 2017, a flickering of light was observed for a sudden transient of a million miles away from a satellite in orbit, later reportedly it happened by reflecting light from ice crystals contained in the atmosphere.


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[114] [115] Weather and climate The Earth's atmosphere has no precise boundaries, gradually becoming thinner and lighter, merging with outer space.


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The atmosphere has a mass of three-quarters of its total within the first 11km (6.8mi).


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The name of its lowest layer is the troposphere.


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Under the influence of heat from the sun, this layer and the ground surface beneath it are heated, resulting in the expansion of the air.


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This low density air rises upwards and occupies its place is cold, high-density air.


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The result is the creation of airflow, which takes place in different places the weather and climate by rearranging the temperature.


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116] The main airflow stream includes Ion Wind, between 30° and 60° along the mid-latitude of western winds (westerlies), 30° below the equator.


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[117] Ocean currents are important regulators of climate determination, thermohaline flow (thermohaline circulation) which distributes heat energy from equatorial ocean regions to cold-polar regions.


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118] The water vapor that is generated by evaporation from the surface of the surface is carried out in different parts of the atmosphere following some arrangement.


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When the atmospheric environment allows hot, humid air to rise upwards, the water condenses and falls sharply towards the surface.


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[116] Most of the water is then pushed to the lower ground through the river canal and re-reaches the sea, or it accumulates in a lake.


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This water cycle is a very important process for sustaining life on land and is the key factor for landscaping of different formations on the surface during a geological period.


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The layout of precipitation falls varies widely, the dimensions of which can be from several meters per year to less than one millimeter.


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The difference in airflow, positional characteristics and temperature - determines the average amount of precipitation falling in a region.


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119] The amount of solar energy on the Earth's surface tends to decline as latitude values continue to rise.


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At high latitudes, sunlight reaches the surface of the lower corners, and it has to cross the thick layer of the atmosphere.


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As a result, the average annual air temperature drop from the sea plane at a latitude change per degree from the equator was about 0.4°C (0.7°F).


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120] The earth surface can be subdivided into certain axis lines where a fairly similar climate prevails.


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These climates that prevail from the equator to the polar region are the tropical climate (or equatorial), the subtropical climate (subtropical), the temperate climate and the climate of the polar regions of the Earth.


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121] This latitude has some drawbacks to the rule: the climate is regulated if there is a sea where nearby.


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For example, the Scandinavian Peninsula (Scandinavian Peninsula) is much more tolerable climate than in northern Canada, located in its homologous northern latitudes.


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Helps maintain a wind-tolerable environment.


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The airborne side of the land feels a much more tolerable state than its airflow direction.


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In the northern hemisphere of the Earth, winds flow from west to east, and the west bank tends to be softer than in the east bank.


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It can be seen in the east of North America and in Western Europe, on both sides of the sea as well as the gentle climate, while the friend's climate is seen on the other side towards its eastern shore.


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[122] In the southern hemisphere, winds flow from east to west, and the climate in the East Bank tends to be gentle.


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The distance from the sun to the earth varies.


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The Earth is closest to the Sun (in Anusurabindu) in January, which is summer in the southern hemisphere.


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The Earth is at the farthest distance from the sun (at the opposition) in July, which is summer in the northern hemisphere, and only 93.55% of the solar radiation from the sun falls compared to Antarabindu in any specific square area of the land.


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Despite this, the size of the land in the northern hemisphere is much larger, which becomes heated much easier than in the plains.


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Thus, summers tend to be 2.3°C (4°F) warmer in the Northern Hemisphere, even in conditions of a similar environment than in the southern hemisphere.


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123] The climate is much colder for land higher than sea level because there is a lower air density.


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The widely used Köppen climate classification (Köppen climate classification) is divided into five large categories (moist tropical, dry, humid mid-latitudes, continental and cold poles), which are subsequently further divided into several subdivisions.


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[117] In the KOPPAN system, monitoring on temperature and precipitation, providing values for different geographies.


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The highest air temperature on Earth was measured at 56.7°C (134.1°F) in Death Valley, in Furnesa Creek, California, in 1913.


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124] The lowest temperature ever measured directly on Earth was −89.2°C (−128.6°F) at Vostok Station in 1983.


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[125] But the lowest temperature measured using remote sensors on the satellite was −94.7°C (−138.5°F) in East Antarctica.


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126] This temperature record is the only few measurements that began to be taken in value from the beginning of the 20th century using modern equipment and, fortunately, it does not reveal the full level of Earth's temperature.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The upper atmosphere. The upper atmosphere of the troposphere is usually divided into the stratosphere, mesosphere and thermosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[111] Each layer has different lapse rates, indicating the change in temperature with a change in height.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Since then, the exosphere joins from light to magnetic atmosphere, where geomagnetic fields interact with the solar wind.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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127] The stratosphere contains the weight layer, that is, the material that protects the surface from being the hands of the sun's superfluous rays and, therefore, is of great importance for the earth animal world.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The Karman line, thus, can be defined as 100 keys to the surface of the earth. Mm. Above, and this is the effective boundary line between Earth's atmosphere and space.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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128] Heat energy increases the kinetic energy inside some of the outer edges of the atmosphere, and at one point they are able to break down the Earth's gravitational energy into space.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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As a result of this incident, the atmosphere gradually but regularly lost in space.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Since the molecular mass of free hydrogen is the lowest, it can be easily released extremely quickly, and it exits into outer space at a higher rate than other gases.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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129] The loss of hydrogen gas in space is one of the factors behind the change in Earth's atmosphere, and it occurs primarily from an oxidation reaction to its current degradation reaction.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Photosynthesis causes oxygen, but it is assumed that elements emitted as a result of oxidation, such as hydrogen, are the main prerequisites behind the storage of oxygen at a massive rate in the atmosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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130] Therefore, the fact of hydrogen being released from the atmosphere may have an impact on the motion-nature of the evolution that life has taken place on Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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131] Most of the oxygen-rich atmosphere currently turns hydrogen into water, before it gets a chance to get rid of the atmosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Instead, most of the hydrogen lost is generated as a result of methane burned in the higher atmosphere.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[132] Gravity field The gravitational force of the earth is the acceleration due to the mass of the object acting on one object with the earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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On the surface of the surface, the gravity acceleration is about 9.8m/s2 (32ft/s2).


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Due to differences in the topography, geology and deep geological formation of a place, there is a change in the quality of the earth's gravitational force in local and large areas, which is called gravitational disruption.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[133] The magnetic field is generated by the main part of the Earth's magnetic field at its geocentre, in the process of dynamo, thermally and technically, changes in the kinetic energy generated by the convection system are transported into electromagnetic energy and magnetic energy.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The magnetic field spreads from the geocentre to the outside of the Earth, penetrating the gurgles, to the surface of the Earth, where it is roughly a dipole.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The location of the poles of the dipole is close to the geographical pole of the Earth.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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Along the equator on the surface, the magnetic force of the magnetic field is 3.05 × 10-5 Tesla, while the global magnetic dipole moment is 7.91 × 1015 Tesla m3.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[134] The magnetic force flowing from the geocentre to the convection system does not circulate around in an orderly manner; the position of the magnetic pole changes and periodically changes its alignment.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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This results in sacular changes in the original magnetic field and magnetic field reversal occurs within an irregular period of time, on average once every million years.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The closest catastrophe occurred about 700,000 years ago.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[135] [136] The magnetosphere is defined by the expansion of the Earth's magnetic field in space.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The ions and electrons of the solar wind are interrupted by the Earth's magnetosphere; under the pressure of the solar wind, the length of the magnetosphere on the light side of day is compressed, approximately up to 10 times the radius of the Earth, and makes the magnetosphere in the dark direction extend lengthwise.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[137] This is because the velocity of the solar wind is much higher than the velocity at which the waves move towards the solar wind, a supersonic heavy-hit mixes the magnetosphere towards daylight into the solar air.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[138] The magnetosphere consists of inert particles; in this way, it is filled with low-energy particles that follow the lines of the magnetosphere as the Earth rotates; [139] [140] The ring current is defined. Thus, it is filled with medium-energy particles that The Earth's geomagnetic field flows in harmony with the field, but also dominates its flow path in spite of the magnetic field, [141] and Van Ellen. The radiation belt is formed by high-powered particles, whose motion is mainly of random type, but in no case its location in the magnetic chamber. Incorporated.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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137] [142] When magnetic storms and substorms occur, extracted particles emerge from the outer side of the magnetosphere, and especially from the magnetotile, which may be directed towards the ionosphere, where atmospheric impurities are agitated and infused, resulting in arora.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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[143] The annual and daily motion of the earth is called the rotational motion of the earth around its axis.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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This motion takes place in a counterclockwise direction from west to east.


Question: What was the map of what was the first map of the Earth?

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The axis of the earth's daily motion intersects the surface in the North Pole and South Pole region.