Opposing A Caliph Vs. The Caliphate (Difference Between State And Government)
A state is an entity while the government is the administrative body that runs the state . The separation between these two concepts is a natural and a rational one – it doesn’t require any evidence from any period in the history. Quran’s injunction of ‘ amrahum shura baynahum ‘ is sufficient enough to understand that an Islamic society or state should be run by the consultation of its people.