Maqamaat – Iztirari Ilm
He’s referring to the philosophical concepts of idealism and materialism . Idealism is a philosophy that the real substance of this universe is consciousness, and they generally consider matter to just be an illusion. The ideology of materialism, on the other hand, believes that the the real substance of this universe is material, and they generally deny the existence of any such thing as consciousness. The last one that he’s referring to is the philosophy of postmodernism according to which it’s not possible for us to reach any final conclusions so everyone should just believe whatever they want to within their own domains.