The Root Cause Of The Failure Of Muslims For The Last 500 Years
In my opinion, there are multiple factors. No clear vision is one of them. About certain acts ie jihad which u mention subtly has very small part of it. Armed reistance or so called jihadi terrorist emerged significantly after colonial period. if you find nuetral source, you will observe that each militant organization is backed by so called humaritanian and liberal govts. For example formation of taliban, bosinian, bokoharam, and isis. The ideology before colonial period was always used in a very limited aspect. One of major reason which I believe is reason of failure of muslim society is that, early muslim didnt make organized way of transfer of power. The idea of successorshipo between forst 4 calpihs was good but not institutionalized. This lead to civil wars, corruption of religion by kings and sultan etc.