قرآن کس نے جمع کیا ؟
Qur’an aik dafa kitab ki soorat mein nazil nahi hua. Nabi Muhammad ﷺ ki zindagi mein Qur’an: bohat se sahaba ne zubani yaad kiya, mukhtalif cheezon par likha gaya jaise parchments, haddi, chamra aur pattay, lekin aik bound kitab ki shakal mein jama nahi kiya gaya. Nabi ﷺ ke wafat ke baad, Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) ke daur mein pehli martaba Qur’an ko kitab ki soorat mein jama kiya gaya. Jang-e-Yamama ke baad, jahan bohat se huffaz shaheed ho gaye, Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (RA) ko yeh khadsha hua ke agar huffaz is tarah shaheed hotay rahe to Qur’an ke hifz par asar par sakta hai. Unki tajweez par Hazrat Abu Bakr (RA) ne Zayd ibn Thabit (RA) ko hukm diya ke Qur’an ko aik mukammal manuscript mein jama karein. Yeh kaam bohat ehtiyaat ke sath kiya gaya: sirf wahi ayaat shamil ki gayin jo Nabi ﷺ ke daur mein likhi gayi thin aur jin ki tasdeeq multiple gawahon se hoti thi. Yeh manuscript mehfooz rakha gaya aur baad mein aagay transfer hota raha. Baad mein Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (RA) ke daur mein, Islam door-door tak phail chuka tha aur mukhtalif ilaqon mein tilawat aur lehjon (qira’at) ke farq ki wajah se nayi nasal ke Musalmano mein confusion paida ho rahi thi.Hazrat Usman (RA) ne Qur’an ko na dobara compile kiya aur na hi us mein koi tabdeeli ki. Unhon ne: Abu Bakr (RA) ke daur mein jama kiye gaye manuscript ko bunyaad bana kar official text standardize kiya, us ke mutabiq aik jaisi kai copies tayar karwai, unhein mukhtalif Islamic centers bheja, aur personal copies jin mein lehjon ke notes thay, unhein side par rakhne ki hidayat di taake ikhtilaf paida na ho. Aaj bhi Qur’an ke bohat puranay manuscripts mojood hain jo Islam ke pehle sadi se ta’alluq rakhte hain aur Nabi ﷺ ke zamane ke bohat qareeb hain. In mein mashhoor yeh hain: -Birmingham Qur’an manuscript (UK), -manuscripts in Tashkent, Istanbul, and Sana’a. Carbon dating se maloom hota hai ke in mein se kuch manuscripts Nabi ﷺ ke zamane ke sirf chand salon baad ke hain, aur in ka matn bilkul wahi hai jo aaj hum Qur’an mein parhte hain.