Recommendations For Studying Philosophy And Human Nature
I think that you might be confusing different things here. Rationalism, materialism, and idealism are philosophical concepts that deal with epistemology. You can find good information regarding these and other philosophical ideas at: https://plato.stanford.edu/ What Freud argued for was a theory of unconscious human behavior in psychology. Some of the competing theories include those presented by Adler, Erikson, and Jung. Any good introductory psychology textbook should cover these in more detail.