Using Maternal Surname
There is no such religious prohibition in this regard. These things depend on the norms of a society and traditions which are usually followed and transferred from generation to generation. But there is no religious bar as to what surnname one can or cannot use. The Sadat Lineage ( Syed ) is through daughter of the Prophet (sws). Similarly, There are many examples where Sahaba and Tabieen were given the names of their mothers/grandmothers. Such as, Abdullah ibn Umme Maktum (rta) and Abdullah ibn Umme Abd (Abdullah Ibn Masud) (rta), etc.