Countries Of Central Asia And North Africa And Ottoman Empire
The Abbasid Caliphate was established in 750 CE after overthrowing the Umayyad Caliphate and lasted until 1258 CE when the Mongols sacked Baghdad. The era of their political supremacy, however, effectively ended by the mid-10th century when their territorial control began to fracture, although they continued to hold the title of Caliph and maintained a degree of religious authority until the Mongol invasion. During its height, the Abbasid Empire controlled a vast region encompassing modern-day countries such as: – Iraq (the heartland of the empire with Baghdad as its capital from 762 CE) – Iran – Syria – Saudi Arabia – Egypt – Parts of North Africa – Parts of the Arabian Peninsula – Palestine – Parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan – Parts of Central Asia The empire’s territorial extent varied over time due to internal strife, wars, and the rise of autonomous dynasties within the empire.