Opposing A Caliph Vs. The Caliphate (Difference Between State And Government)
It seems to me that separation between state and government is a modern concept. In the past it was not a clear demarcation. I will appreciate if someone can tell me with example that this concept was existing among Sahaba. That was the reason that any new Khalifa/Calif take bait of everyone forcefully . If somebody deny than he is considered as traitor.