Appeal Nos
2640 41 of 1991
From the Judgment and Order dated 361991 of the Himachal Pradesh High Court in Election Petition Nos 1  2 of 1990
AK Ganguli BT Kaul Sarvesh Bisaria and SK Bisaria for the Appellant
B Dutta and R Sasiprabhu for the Respondents
253 The Judgment of the Court was delivered by SC AGRAWAL J
These appeals have been filed under section 116 A of the Representation of the People Act 1951
They relate to election to the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from 60 Chachiot Assembly constituency held during February 1990
The appellant was declared elected to the Legislative Assembly from the said constituency
His election was challenged by the respondents in these appeals by filing election petitions in the High Court of Himachal Pradesh
By its judgment dated June 3 1991 the High Court has allowed the election petitions and has set aside the election of the appellant on the ground that the nomination of one of the candidates Shri Karam Singh was improperly rejected by the returning officer
The last date for filing the nomination papers was February 2 1990 and the scrutiny of the nomination papers was fixed for February 5 1990
Fifteen persons including the appellant and Shri Karam Singh had filed nomination papers
At the time of scrutiny an objection was raised on behalf of one of the candidates against the nomination of Shri Karam Singh on the ground that he was holding the office of Chairman Himachal Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board which is an office of profit within the meaning of Article 1911a of the Constitution and was therefore disqualified for being chosen as a member of the Legislative Assembly
By order dated February 7 1990 the Returning Officer upheld the said objection and rejected the nomination of Shri Karam Singh
The High Court has however found that the said rejection of nomination of Shri Karam Singh was improper because on the date of scrutiny Shri Karam Singh was not holding an office of profit and has for that reason set aside the election of the appellant
Before we proceed to deal with the appeals on merits it may be mentioned that during the pendency of these appeals before this court the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly has been dissolved
This raises the question whether the matters in issue in these appeals have ceased to be living issues and have become wholly academic
The effect of dissolution of the legislature on a pending election appeal has been considered by this court in Loknath Padhan vs Birendra Kumar Sahu  In that case the election of the returned candidate was challenged before the High Court on the ground that there was a subsisting contract entered into 254 by the respondent in the course of his trade and business with the State Government for the execution of works undertaken by the Government and he was therefore disqualified under section 9A of the Representation of the People Act 1951
The election petition was however dismissed by the High Court and while the appeal against the said decision was pending in this Court the Legislative Assembly was dissolved
A preliminary objection was raised on behalf of the respondent to the appeal that in view of the dissolution of the assembly it was academic to decide whether or not the respondent was disqualified under section 9A Upholding the said preliminary objection this court has held that the court should not undertake to decide an issue unless it is a living issue between the parties and if an issue is purely academic in that its decision one way or the other would have no impact on the position of the parties it would be waste of public time and indeed not proper exercise of authority for the court to engage itself in deciding it
In that case this court drew a distinction between a case where the challenge to the election is on a ground confined to the validity of that election only and having no consequences operating in future and a case involving challenge to the election on a ground which would entail electoral disqualification for the future such as charge of corrupt practice
It was held that if the election is challenged on the ground of commission of a corrupt practice the dissolution of the legislature would not have any effect on the pendency of an election petition or an appeal arising therefrom and the said petition will have to be considered on its merits whereas a challenge to the election on any other ground which does not entail future disqualification would raise academic issue only and in view of the dissolution of the legislature the election petition or the appeal arising therefrom would not survive because it would be futile and meaningless for the court to decide an academic question the answer to which would not affect the position of one party or the other
Although in the instant case the election is not challenged on the ground of commission of any corrupt practice and a finding would not result in electoral disqualification in future but the present case differs from the case of Loknath Padhan vs Birendra Kumar Sahu supra in the sense that in Loknath s case the election petition was dismissed whereas in the present case the election petitions against the election of the appellant have been allowed and the election has been set aside
It has been submitted by Shri AK Ganguli the learned Senior counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant that in view of the fact that the decision of the High 255 Court setting aside his election the appellant may be required to refund the various allowances that he has received while he was functioning as a member of the Legislative Assembly after his election till the decision of the High Court
It would thus appear that invalidation of the election of the appellant may give rise to the liability to refund the allowances received by the appellant as a member of the Legislative Assembly
It cannot therefore be said that the question a rising for consideration in this appeal are purely academic in nature
In these circumstances it becomes necessary to go into the merits of these appeals
The relevant facts relating to the rejection of the nomination of Shri Karam Singh are as under
The Himachal Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board hereinafter referred to as the Board 
has been established by the Government of Himachal Pradesh under Section 3 of HP Khadi and Village Industries Board Act 1966 hereinafter referred to as the Act 
Section 4 provides for the constitution of the Board and in sub section
1 it is laid down that the Board shall consist of not less than three and not more than nine members appointed by the Government of Himachal Pradesh after consultation with the Khadi and Village Industries Commission from amongst non officials who in the opinion of Government of Himachal Pradesh have shown active interest in the protection and development of khadi and village industries and officials
In sub section
2 of Section 4 it is provided that the Government of Himachal Pradesh shall after consultation with the Khadi and Village Industries Commission nominate one of the members of the Board to be the Chairman thereof Section 7 makes provision for resignation of office by members
Section 11 provides that the term of office and terms and conditions of service of the Chairman Vice Chairman Secretary and other members shall be such as may be prescribed
In exercise of the powers conferred by Section 35 of the Act the Government of Himachal Pradesh has made the Himachal Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board Rules 1966 hereinafter referred to as the Rules 
Rule 3 of the Rules prescribes that a member of the Board shall hold office for such period not exceeding three years as may be prescribed in the notification of his appointment which shall be notified in the Official Gazette and shall be eligible for re appointment
Rule 7 provides for salary or honorarium and allowance payable to members
Sub rule 1 of Rule 7 provides that the Chairman the Vice Chairman the Secretary and other 256 members of the Board shall be paid such salary or honorarium and allowances from the funds of the Board as the Government may from time to time fix
In sub rule 2 of Rule 7 it is laid down that the Chairman the Vice Chairman the secretary and other members of the Board shall also be entitled to draw travelling and daily allowances for journeys performed for attending the meetings of the Board or for the purpose of discharging such duties as may be assigned to them by the Board in accordance with the rules and orders issued by the Government from time to time at the highest rate admissible to Government servants of Grade 1
By notification dated September 2 1982 issued in exercise of the powers conferred by Rule 7 of the Rules the Governor of the Himachal Pradesh ordered that the Chairman of the Board shall be entitled to pay and other allowances from the Funds of the Board at the following rates 1 Payremunerationhonorarium of Rs 1500 pm consolidated
2 Free electricity and water charges upto Rs 1500 per year
3 Use of a car or in lieu thereof a conveyance allowance of Rs 300 per month
4 Telephone facilities in office and at residence
5 TA and medical expenses admissible to the officers of Highest First Grade category
By notification dated December 27 1986 the Governor of Himachal Pradesh constituted the Board with immediate effect
Under the said order the Board consisted of nine members including Shri Karam Singh Thakur
By the said order the Governor of Himachal Pradesh also nominated Shri Karam Singh Thakur as Chairman of the said Board
By notification dated December 20 1989 the term of the Board was extended upto December 26 1990
On October 18 1989 Shri Karam Singh Thakur wrote a letter to the Financial Commissioner cum Secterary Industries to the Government of Himachal Pradesh wherein it was stated that consequent upon amendment to Second Proviso to section 1 of section 6B of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly Allowances and Pension of members Act 1971 his pension had been revised to Rs 2400 per month with effect from February 4 1989 and that on the basis of the said orders 257 he was authorised by the Senior DAGAE Himachal Pradesh Shimla by letter dated 6th July 1989 to draw from Shimla Treasury the balance pension of Rs 900 pm after adjusting the remuneration of Rs 1500 which he had been drawing as remuneration from the Board and the pension of Rs 900 pm plus relief due thereon from the Punjab National Bank through Treasury Officer Shimla
By aforesaid letter Shri Karam Singh intimated that he now intended not to draw the monthly remuneration of Rs 1500 pm from the Board and that instead he would be drawing the gross pension of Rs 2400 pm from the TreasuryBank and he requested that no objection of the State Government to the said proposal may be conveyed to him at an early date
The said proposal made by Karam Singh was accepted by the Government of Himachal Pradesh and by notification dated January 8 1990 issued under Rule 71 of the Rules the Governor of Himachal Pradesh ordered that the remuneration of Rs 1500 pm consolidated which was payable to the Chairman of the Board shall cease as per the request of the Chairman made vide his letter dated October 18 1989
On January 31 1990 Shri Karam Singh addressed a Letter to the Financial Commissioner cum Secretary Industries to the Governor of Himachal Pradesh in the following terms  I hereby resign from the membership and Chairmanship of the Himachal Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board
The resignation may kindly be accepted with effect from today Le
31st January 1990
On the basis of the letter of January 31 1990 which was received on the same day the matter was processed in the office of Financial Commissioner cum Secretary industries and it was placed before the Chief Minister for his approval with the recommendation that the resignation of Shri Karam Singh Chairman may be accepted
The Chief Minister gave his approval on February 4 1990
On February 12 1990 a notification was issued in the following terms  In exercise of the powers vested in him under section 7 of the Himachal Pradesh Khadi and Village Industries Board Act 1966 the Governor Himachal Pradesh is pleased to accept the resignation of Shri Karam Singh Thakur Chairman HP Khadi and Village Industries Board Shimla with immediate effect
258 In the meanwhile Shri Karam Singh filed his nomination papers for election to the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the 60 Chachiot Assembly constituency
The scrutiny of the nomination papers was held on February 5 1990
An objection was raised against the nomination of Shri Karam Singh on behalf of one of the candidates viz Vir Singh on the ground that Shri Karam Singh was holding an office of profit and was disqualified for being chosen as a member of the Legislative Assembly
Shri Karam Singh was not present at the time of scrutiny but his proposer Shri Mani Ram Advocate was present and he was requested to ensure the appearance of Shri Karam Singh before the Returning Officer on February 6 1990 at 1100 am for hearing him in connection with the objection
The Returning Officer also directed Tehsildar Elections to enquire from the Secretary of the Board about the remuneration and other allowances being drawn by Shri Karam Singh in his capacity as chairman of the Board
The report of the Tehsildar was placed before the Returning Officer
Shri Mani Ram Advocate as proposer of Shri Karam Singh also submitted a reply to the Returning Officer on February 6 1990 wherein it was stated that Karam Singh had resigned from the chairmanship on 29th or 30th of January 1990 and that the acceptance of the resignation was not kwown to Shri Karam Singh
By order dated February 7 1990 the Returning Officer rejected the nomination of Shri Karam Singh on the view that were submission of the resignation unless it was accepted could not be taken as deemed to have been accepted and that Shri Karam Singh was holding an office of profit as his resignation had not been accepted upto February 5 1990 which was the date for scrutiny and that he was not eligible to seek election as a candiate for the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly
Before the High Court it was submitted on behalf of the petitioners in the election petitions respondents herein that Shri Karam Singh had resigned with effect from January 31 1990 vide his resignation letter of the said date and the said letter takes effect from January 31 1990 itself
The High Court accepted the said contention and held that the Act is silent and contains no provision as to how and in what manner the resignation of the Chairman of the Board is to be accepted and therefore the holder thereof could bring his appointment to an end by resigning with effect from a particular date and he would then be deemed to have ceased to be Chairman from the date itself notwithstanding its acceptance on a later date
The High Court was therefore of the view that Shri Karam Singh 259 held no office of profit whatsoever in the Board on the date of scrutiny ie February 5 1990 since he had tendered his resignation on January 31 1990
The High Court further found that in view of the letter dated October 18
1989 sent by Shri Karam Singh conveying his request of giving up the remuneration of Rs 1500 per month consolidated which request was accepted by the State Government as pet notification dated January 8 1990 pursuant to which Shri Karam Singh ceased to be entitled to draw the abovementioned remuneration with effect from January 8 1990 Shri Karam Singh was not entitled to remuneration which could be classified as profit  for the office of Chairman of the Board held by him and after January 8 1990 it could not be said that Shri Karam Singh was holding an office of profit and therefore the disqualification for membership of the Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh could not attach to him
For the reasons aforesaid the High Court held that the nomination of Shri Karam Singh was wrongly rejected by the Returning Officer
Shri Ganguli has assailed the findings recorded by the High Court on both the questions whereas Shri B Datta the learned senior counsel appearing for the respondents has supported the said findings
It is not disputed that in view of the amendment introduced in clause a of sub section
2 of Section 36 of the Representation of the People Act 1951 by Act 40 of 1961 the relevant date for determining whether a candidate was qualified or disqualified for being chosen to fill the seat under the various provisions of Constitution mentioned therein including Article 191 is the date fixed for scrutiny of nominations
In the instant case the said date was February 5 1990
It is therefore necessary to determine whether Shri Karam Singh was holding an office of profit on February 1990
In view of the findings recorded by the High Court the following questions arise for consideration
1 Did Shri Karam Singh cease to hold the office of Chairman of the Board on January 31
1990 the date on which he submitted his resignation from the said office or on February 12 1990 when the notification about acceptance of his resignation with immediate effect was issued by the Government of Himachal Pradesh 2 Did the office of Chairman of the Board held by Shri Karam 260 
Singh cease to be an office of profit with effect from January 8 1990 in view of the notification of the said date whereby the remuneration of Rs 1500 pm consolidated payable to the Chairman of the Board had ceased to be payable to Shri Karam Singh Shri Ganguli has urged that the resignation of Shri Karam Singh from the office of Chairman of the Board could be effective only after it was accepted by the Governor of Himachal Pradesh who had nominated him to the said office and till the acceptance of the said resignation Shri Karam Singh continued to hold the office of the Chairman of the Board
The submission of Shri Ganguli is that acceptance of a resignation is necessary before it can be effective and since in the present case the resignation was accepted only by notification dated February 12 1990 Shri Karam Singh continued as Chairman of the Board till that date and he was holding that office on the date of scrutiny ie February 5 1990
In support of this submission Shri Ganguli has placed reliance on the decisions of this Court in Central Inland Water Transport Corporation Limited and Another vs Brojo Nath Ganguly and Anr  and JK Cotton Spinning and Weaving Mills Company Ltd vs State of UP  Others
 19901 3 SCR 523 as well as the decision of the Allahabad High Court in Lala Rain vs Gauri Shanker 1981 All
Law 1982
Having carefully considered the said contention of Shri Ganguli we find it difficult to accede to it
As pointed out by this court resignation  means the spontaneous relinquishment of one s own right and in relation to an office it connotes the act of giving up or relinquishing the office
It has been held that in the general juristic sense in order to constitute a complete and operative resignation there must be the intention to give up or relinquish the office and the concomitant act of its relinquishment
It has also been observed that the act of relinquishment may take different forms or assume a unilateral or bilateral character depending on the nature of the office and the conditions governing it
See  Union of India vs Shri Gopal Chandra Misra  Ors  at p 21
If the act of relinquishment is of unilateral character it comes into effect when such act indicating the intention to relinquish the office is communicated to the competent authority
The authority to whom the act of relinquishment is communicated is not required to take any action and the relinquishment takes effect from the date of such communication where the resignation is intended to operate in prasenti
A resignation may also be prospective to be operative 261 from a future date and in that event it would take effect from the date indicated therein and not from the date of communication
In cases where the act of relinquishment is of a bilateral character the communication of the intention to relinquish by itself would not be sufficient to result in relinquishment of the office and some action is required to be taken on such communication of the intention to relinquish eg acceptance of the said request to relinquish the office and in such a case the relinquishment does not become effective or operative till such action is taken
As to whether the act of relinquishment of anoffice is unilateral or  bilateral in character would depend upon the nature of the office and conditions governing it
Under the Constitution of India there are various offices which can be relinquished by unilateral act of the holder of the office and acceptance of resignation is not required eg President Article 56a
Vice President Article 67a Deputy Chairman of Rajya Sabha Article 90b Speaker and Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha Article 94b Judge of the Supreme Court Article 1242a Judge of a High Court Article 217 1a
As regards member of either House of Parliament or a member of a House of Legislature of a State originally the position was that he could resign his office by unilateral act and the acceptance of resignation was not required
The requirement of acceptance of such resignation was introduced in Articles 1013b and 1903b by the Constitution ThirtyThird Amendment Act 1974
Similarly in company law a director of a company is entitled to relinquish his office at any time he pleases by proper notice to the company and acceptance of the resignation is not required
See Glossop vs Glossop  Halsbury s Law of England 4th Ed Vol 7 p 316 para 536
A contract of employment however stands on a different footing wherein the act of relinquishment is of bilateral character and resignation of an employee is effective only on acceptance of the same by the employer
Insofar as Government employees are concerned there are specific provisions in the Service rules which require acceptance of the resignation before it becomes effective
In Raj Kumar vs Union of India  it has been held But when a public servant has invited by his letter of resignation determination of his employment his services 262 normally stand terminated from the date on which the letter of resignation is accepted by the appropriate authority and in the absence of any law or rule governing the conditions of his service to the contrary it will not be pen to the public servant to withdraw his resignation after it is accepted by the appropriate authority
Till the resignation is accepted by the appropriate authority in consonance with the rules governing the acceptance the public servant concerned has locus paenitentiae but not thereafter
p860 Similarly in Central Inland Water Transport Corporation Ltd and Anr
vs Brojo Nath Ganguly and Anr
supra which related to an employee of a Government company jointly and wholly owned by the Central Government and two State Governments it was observed A resignation by an employee would however normally require to be accepted by the employer in order to be effective
It can be that in certain circumstances an employer would be justified in refusing to accept the employee s resignation as for instance when an employee wants to leave in the middle of a work which is urgent or important and for the completion of which his presence and participation a necessary
An employer can also refuse to accept the resignation when there is a disciplinary inquiry pending against the employee
In such a case to permit an employee to resign would be to allow him to go away from the service and escape the consequences of an adverse finding against him in such an inquiry
There be justified in not accepting the resignation of an employee
p386 The same view was reiterated in JK Cotton Spinning and Weaving Mills Company Ltd vs State of UP  Ors
Supra which also relates to a contract of employment
The question whether the resignation of Shri Karam Singh from the office of Chairman of the Board was required to be accepted before it became effective involves the question whether the act of relinquishment 263 of the office of Chairman is unilateral or bilateral in character
In order to answer this question it is necessary to consider the relevant provisions of the Act
The Act does not contain any provision for resignation of the office of Chairman of the Board but in Section 7 the following provision has been made with regard to the resignation of office by members 7
Resignation of office by members Any member may resign his office by giving notice in writing to the Government of Himachal Pradesh and on such resignation being notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh shall be deemed to have vacated his office
In the aforesaid provision there is no requirement that the resignation of a member should be accepted by any authority
What is required is that a member who wishes to resign his office as member should give notice in writing to the Government of Himachal Pradesh and such resignation takes effect when it is notified in the official gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh
This indicates that the act of relinquishment of the office of a member of the Board is bilateral in character in as much as the resignation takes effect only when such resignation is notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh
There is no such requirement for relinquishing the office of Chairman of the Board
Section 42 however provides that the Chairman of the Board has to be nominated from amongst the members of the Board
This means that the Chairman of the Board holds office so long as he is a member of the Board and if he ceases to be a member of the Board he also ceases to be the chairman of the Board
But the converse is not true
A Chairman of the Board may resign his office as Chairman but may continue as member of the Board
If he resigns only from the office of Chairman of the Board there is no requirement that such resignation should be accepted by any authority or that any other action is required to be taken for the said resignation to be effective
It would therefore appear that the act of relinquishment of the office of Chairman of the Board is unilateral in character and the resignation from the said office takes effect when it is communicated without any further action being required to be taken on the same
Since the Chairman of the Board is nominated by the Government of Himachal Pradesh under Section 42 of the Act resignation has 264 also to be communicated to the Government of Himachal Pradesh ie the Head of the Department dealing with the Board and once it is so communicated it takes effect from the date of such communication if the resignation is in presenti or from the date indicated therein if it is prospective in nature to be operative from a future date
This means that the act of relinquishment of the office of Chairman of the Board differs from the act of relinquishment from the office of a Member of the Board in the sense that while the act of relinquishment of office of a Member is bilateral in character requiring certain action namely resignation being notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh before it comes into effect the act of relinquishment of the office of Chairman of the Board is unilateral in character
The decisions on which reliance has been placed by Shri Ganguli relating to contracts of employment where the act of relinquishment has been held to be bilateral in character requiring acceptance of the resignation can therefore have no application to the present case where the act of relinquishment of the office of Chairman of the Board is unilateral in character
Three possible situations involving resignation by a person holding the office of Chairman of the Board can be envisaged  i He may resign only from the office of the Chairman of the Board
In such a case if the resignation is in presenti it would take effect from the date of communication of the resignation to the Head of the Department in the Government of Himachal Pradesh it would take effect from the date as indicated in the said resignation if the resignation is prospective to be operative from a future date
iiHe may resign only from the office of the member of the Board
This resignation would take effect from the date the resignation is notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh and with effect from the said date the Chairman would cease to be a member of the Board
Since a person cannot continue as Chairman of the Board after he has ceased to be a member of the Board he would also cease to be the Chairman of the Board from the date of his resignation as member of the Board is notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh
iiiHe may resign both from the office of Chairman of the Board 265 as well as from the office of member of the Board
In such a case his resignation from the office of Chairman of the Board would take effect from the date of communication to the Head of the Department in the Government of Himachal pradesh if it is it praesenti or from the date indicated therein if it is prospective to be operative from a future date
He would however continue to be a member of the Board till his resignation from the office of member is notified in the Official Gazette by the Government of Himachal Pradesh under Section 7 of the Act
The instant case falls in the third category because Shri Karam Singh by his letter dated January 31 1990 resigned from the office of member as well as the office of Chairman of the Board and wanted the resignation to be accepted with effect from the same day ie January 31 1990
By notification dated February 12 1990 it was notified that the resignation of Shri Karam Singh Thakur as Chairman of the Board has been accepted by the Governor of Himachal Pradesh with immediate effect
In our opinion the said notification dated February 12 1990 proceeds under a misconception of the correct legal position
The resignation of Shri Karam Singh as Chairman of the Board was not required to be accepted by the Government of Himachal Pradesh
It became effective on January 31 1990 when the letter of resignation was received by the Financial Commissioner cum Secretary Industries to the Government of Himachal Pradesh who was the Head of the Department dealing with the Board and to whom it was addressed
Since there is no requirement in the Act that the resignation of the Chairman of the Bord should be notified in the Official Gazette as in the case of a member of the Board it cannot be said that the resignation of Shri Karam Singh did not take effect till it was notified in the official gazette vide notification dated February 12 1990
The High Court was therefore right in taking the view that Shri Karam Singh had ceased to hold the office of the Chairman of the Board having resigned from the said office on January 31 1990 and the said resignation became effective from that date itself and that on the date of scrutiny ie February 5 1990 he was not holding an office of profit
For that reason it has been rightly held that the nomination of Shri Karam Singh was improperly rejected by the Returning Officer
Since we are in agreement with the view of the High Court that the nomination of Shri Karam Singh had been improperly rejected for the 266 reason that he was not holding the office of the Chairman of the Board on the date of scrutiny we do not consider it necessary to go into the question whether the office of Chairman of the Board held by Shri Karam Singh had ceased to be an office of profit after January 8 1990
The appeals therefore fail and are accordingly dismissed But in the circumstances with no orders to costs
BVBD Appeals dismissed


Summary:
The respondent bank charge sheeted the appellant employee for granting bank loans to a large number of persons without proper documentation and without verifying their credit worthiness and obtaining illegal gratification in that connection
An enquiry was held
The Enquiry Officer found the appellant guilty and on the basis of the enquiry report he was dismissed from service
The appellant challenged the order of dismissal in a writ petition before the High Court
On 871988 the High Court allowed the petition holding that the enquiry held was not proper and in accordance with law and ordered the appellant to face another enquiry in respect of which it gave certain directions
The same enquiry Officer then permitted the appellant to cross examine the witnesses of the bank and to examine his own witnesses
The Enquiry Officer held in his report dated 2731989 that nine charges against the appellant were found to be proved one not proved and one partly proved
The disciplinary authority considering the enquiry report dismissed the appellant from service on 23101989
161 The appellant challenged the dismissal order in the High Court contending that the enquiry was not conducted as required by the order of the High Court dated 871998 and that he was not furnished with a copy of the Enquiry Report
The High Court dismissed the writ petition against which the present appeal by special leave was filed
The appellant contended that the Enquiry Officer in the second enquiry report had relied upon the findings of the earlier enquiry since quashed and that he did not permit the appellant to examine three necessary witnesses in support of his case that there was no real enquiry as contemplated by the High Court s order dated 871988 and that therefore the dismissal order passed on the basis of the second enquiry report be quashed
The respondent bank submitted that the Enquiry Officer conducted the enquiry as directed by the High Court in its order dated 871988
Allowing the appeal this Court HELD  101
The order dated 8th July 1988 contemplated a fresh enquiry
At best the examination in chief of the witnesses of the respondent could be said to have been allowed to be incorporated in the second enquiry proceedings
The order certainly contemplated that the Enquiry Officer would apply his mind afresh to the evidence on record comprising the examination in chief and cross examination of the respondent s witnesses and that of the appellant s witnesses
165C 102
It was patent from the Additional enquiry report made by the Enquiry
Officer that there had been no fresh application of mind
It was impermissible for the Enquiry Officer in these circumstances to have borne his previous Enquiry Report in mind and to have confined the Additional enquiry report only to the cross examination of prosecution witnesses and the examination and cross examination of defence witnesses as the charges have been dealt with one by one in detail in my previous enquiry report
It was also impermissible for him to have stated that the findings of the previous enquiry report remain as they are
Having regard to the High Court s order dated 8th July 1988 the Enquiry Officer was bound to consider the material on record afresh and not to take his earlier 162 report into account and to say that he found no reason to change that report  165C E 103
In the fitness of things it was directed that another Enquiry Officer should be appointed by the respondent who should allow the appellant the opportunity of examining as his witnesses the three persons referred to by the earlier Enquiry Officer in the paragraph of the Addi tional enquiry report sub titled Conclusion
He should give to the respondent and the appellant the opportunity of a hearing
He should then apply his mind to the material on record without in any way being influenced by the earlier enquiry reports and make his own enquiry report accordingly
165G H 166A Union of India and Others vs Mohd Ramzan Khan   referred to