Civil Appeal No 1700 NT of 1974
From the Judgment and Order dated 2391972 of the Allahabad High Court in Writ No 2956 of 1972
SK Dhingra for the Appellant
MK Banerjee Additional Solicitor General Miss A Subhashini and BB Ahuja for the Respondent
The appellant is a private limited company carrying on the business of the manufacture and sale of locks used in suit cases
It filed a return of its income for the assessment year 1963 64 and was assessed to income tax by an assessment order dated March 12 1968
No claim was made by the assessee for rebate under section 84 of the Income Tax Act 1961
There was an appeal by the assessee to the Appellate Assistant Commissioner of Income Tax but no claim was made for rebate at that stage either
Subsequently on August 20 1969 the appellant made an application under section 154 of the Income Tax Act praying for rectification of the assessment order by the grant of relief under section 84 of the Act
The application was rejected by the Income Tax Officer
A revision application moved by the appellant before the Commissioner of Income tax was also rejected on March 6 1972
Against the order of the Commissioner the appellant now filed a writ petition in the High Court of Allahabad
The High Court dismissed the writ petition on September 23 1972
And now this appeal by special leave
Section 84 of the Income Tax Act as it stood at the relevent time provided that income tax would not be payable by an assessee on so much of the profits and gains derived from any industrial undertaking to which the section applied as did not exceed 6 per cent per annum on the capital employed in such undertaking computed in the prescribed manner
The section applied to an industrial undertaking which satisfied certain conditions detailed in the section
It may be observed that section 84 was deleted with effect from April 1 1968 and now finds place as section 80J in the Act
226 The appellant contends that the Income tax authorities were obliged to exercise the jurisdiction conferred by section 154 of the Act and grant relief to the appellant under section 84
Section 154 empowers the Income Tax Officer to rectify any mistake apparent from the record and for that purpose to amend an assessment order passed by him
It is urged that the income tax authorities and the High Court erred in holding that no mistake was apparent from the record merely because no claim to relief under section 84 had been made by the appellant before the Income Tax officer during the assessment proceedings
It is contended that an obligation was imposed on the Income Tax Officer by the statute to grant such relief and it could not be refused merely because the appellant had omitted to claim the relief
While we believe the appellant is right in his contention we do not think that the mere existence of such an obligation on the Income Tax Officer is sufficient
Before the Income Tax Officer can grant relief there must be clear data on the assessment record sufficient to enable him to consider whether the relief should be granted
In the absence of such material no fault can be found with the Income Tax Officer for not making an order under section 84 favouring the assessee
It will be noticed from the provisions of section 84 that several conditions must be satisfied before the grant of relief can be considered
The industrial undertaking should not have been formed by the splitting of or the reconstruction of a business already in existence
It should not have been formed by the transfer to a new business of a building machinery or plant previously used for any purpose
It should manufacture or produce articles in any part of India which manufacture or production should have begun at any time within 23 years next following April 1 1948 or such other further period as the Central Government may specify
An industrial undertaking manufacturing or producing articles should be found to employ 10 or more workers in a manufacturing process carried on with the aid of power or to employ 20 or more persons in a manufacturing process carried on without the aid of power
These are some of the conditions which need to be fulfilled before relief under section 84 can be granted
It is apparent that precise factual material must be contained in the record in order to enable the Income Tax Officer to discharge his obligation to grant relief under section 84
It has not been shown to us that the record before the Income Tax Officer contained all that information
Our attention was drawn to Subhash Chandra Sarvesh Kumar vs Commissioner of Income tax and Another where the Allahabad High Court quashed an order of the Commissioner of 227 Income tax rejecting revision applications for the grant of relief under section 80J and section 80HH of the Income Tax Act on the ground that the Commissioner should have considered whether there was material on the record to sustain the claim of the assessee to relief and the fact that claim was not made formally in the return or during the pendency of the assessment proceedings before the Income Tax Officer should not have prevented the Commissioner from considering whether the assessee was entitled to relief
That was a case where the assessee complained in the writ petition that it lay within the jurisdiction of the Commissioner to entertain the claim of the assessee even though the claim had not been made before the Income Tax officer
The present is a case however where the appellant sought to invoke the jurisdiction of the Income Tax Officer to rectify the assessment order
That can only be justified on the ground of a mistake apparent from the record
If the record does not contain any material it cannot be said that the Income Tax Officer has committed a mistake in omitting to grant relief under section 84
We are conscious that the jurisdiction under section 154 of the Income Tax Act is as pointed out by this court in Income tax Officer Alwaye vs Asok Textiles Ltd  wider than that provided under rule 1 of Order XLVII of the Code of Civil Procedure
Rule 1 of Order XLVII of the Code confines the jurisdiction of the Court to the rectification of an error apparent on the face of the record while section 154 of the Income Tax Act 1961 which corresponds to section 35 of the Income Tax Act 1922 uses wider language and empowers the Income tax authorities to rectify any mistake apparent from the record
Nonetheless there must be material to support the claim to relief under section 84 and unless such material can be referred to no grievance can be made if the Income Tax Officer refuses to rectify the assessment and refuses relief under section 84
Learned counsel for the appellant says that the material is contained in the record of the assessment made on the appellant under the 
He contends that the record of the Super Profits Tax assessment must be regarded as an integral part of the record of the income tax assessment and therefore it must be inferred that the material necessary for granting relief under section 84 in the income tax assessment lay before the Income Tax Officer
The was enacted to impose a special tax on certain companies
The tax is charged on the excess of the chargeable profits of a company over the standard deduction and the chargeable profits according to the definition in sub section
5 of section 2 of 228 that Act means the total income of an assessee computed under the Income Tax Act 1961 adjusted in accordance with the provisions of the First Schedule
In many respects the borrows its provisions from the Income Tax Act and the scheme for assessment appeals revision and rectification in the follows closely the pattern set forth in the Income Tax Act
As has been noted the computation of chargeable profits turns on the computation of the total income determined under the Income Tax Act
Where any order of rectification is made under section 154 or under section 155 of the Income Tax Act recomputing the total income of an assessee a consequential recomputation of the chargeable profits is provided for by section 15 of the 
Moreover the Super Profits Tax payable by a company for the assessment year is deductible from the total income of the company for that assessment year in computing the distributable income of a company for the purposes of section 104 and section 105 of the Income Tax Act
There is undeniably a close relationship between the and the Income tax Act and any change in the assessment made under the Income Tax Act has its consequential impact on the assessment made under the 
It is apparent therefore that the record of an income tax assessment can be regarded as part of the record of a Super Profits Tax assessment
The converse can also be true that is made abundantly clear by sub section
2 of section 20 of the which provides that all the information contained in any statement or return made or furnished under the provisions of the or obtained or collected for the purposes of that Act may be used for the purposes of the Income Tax Act
To the extent that information contained in the Super Profits Tax record is employed for the purpose of the Income Tax proceeding it cannot be doubted that the Super Profits Tax record becomes part of the Income Tax record
It is apparent that if the record of the Super Profits Tax assessment contains material pertaining to the claim under section 84 of the Income Tax Act such material can be considered by the Income Tax Officer for the purpose of granting relief under section 84 in the Income Tax assessment
In that sense and to that degree learned counsel for the assessee is perfectly right in contending that the record of the Super Profits Tax assessment becomes part of the record of the Income Tax assessment
That does not suffice however to entitle the assessee to relief
As has been mentioned earlier there are a number of conditions which must be satisfied before relief can be granted under section 84
All that data was evidently not contained in the Super Profits Tax assessment record at the time when the Income Tax assessment was completed
The 229 Additional Commissioner of Income Tax while dismissing the revision petition of the assessee against the order of the Income Tax Officer refusing to rectify the Income Tax assessment under section 154 went through the Income Tax record and the Super Profits Tax record of the assessee and found that no attempt had been made at any stage by the assessee to place facts on the record indicating that the undertaking belonging to the assessee was a new one and was entitled to relief under section 84
He noted that in the return relating to the the assessee had made a claim for relief under section 84 but he pointed out that the claim had not yet been examined
It has also not been shown to us that all the material required for satisfying the conditions requisite for the grant of relief under section 84 existed on the Super Profits Tax record at the time when the income tax assessment was completed
When that is the position it can hardly be said that in omitting to grant relief under section 84 when making the assessment order the Income Tax Officer committed a mistake apparent from the record
We must remember that we are dealing with a challenge to an order refusing rectification and not to an order directly assailing the assessment
In the result the appeal fails and is dismissed with costs
PSS Appeal dismissed


Summary:
Section 84 now redesignated as section 80J of the Income tax Act 1961 as it stood at the relevant time provided that income tax would not be payable by an assessee on so much of the profits and gains derived from an industrial undertaking to which the section applied as did not exceed six per cent per annum on the capital employed in such undertaking computed in the prescribed manner
Several conditions laid down therein had to be satisfied before the grant of relief could be considered
Section 154 empowers the Income tax Officer to rectify any mistake apparent from the record and for that purpose to amend an assessment order
The appellant who did not make a claim for rebate under section 84 either during the assessment proceedings or at the appeal stage subsequently made an application to the Income tax Officer under section 154 praying for rectification of the assessment order by grant of relief under section 84 which was rejected
The revision sought before the Commissioner also failed
The writ petition filed before the High Court having been dismissed the appeal by special leave was preferred
It was contended 1 that an obligation was imposed on the Income tax officer by the statute to grant relief which could not be refused merely because the appellant had omitted to claim the same and 2 that the record of the super profits tax assessment containing the material which lay before the 224 Income tax Officer must be regarded as an integral part of the record of the income tax assessment for granting relief under section 84
Dismissing the appeal the Court  HELD Rectification could only be justified on the ground of a mistake apparent from the record
If the record did not contain any material it could not be said that the Income tax Officer had committed a mistake in omitting to grant relief under section 84
227C D Although the jurisdiction under section 154 to rectify any mistake apparent from the record is wider than that provided under r 1 of Order XLVII of the Code of Civil Procedure to rectify an error apparent on the face of the record nonetheless there must be material to support the claim to relief under section 84 and unless such material can be referred to no grievance can be made if the Income tax Officer refuses to rectify the assessment and refuses relief under section 84227D F There is a close relationship between the Super Profits Tax Act and the Income Tax Act and any change in the assessment made under the latter has its consequential impact on the assessment made under the former
The converse is equally true especially in view of section 202 of the Super Profits Tax Act which provides that all the information contained in any statement or return made or furnished under the provisions of that Act or obtained or collected for the purpose of that Act may be used for the purpose of the Income Tax Act
Therefore if the record of the super profits tax assessment contains material pertaining to the claim under section 84 of the Income tax Act such material can be considered by the Income tax Officer for the purpose of granting relief under section 84 in the income tax assessment228D G In the instant case the appellant has failed to show that all the material required for satisfying the conditions requisite for the grant of relief under section 84 existed on the super profits tax record at the time when the income tax assessment was completed
Therefore it cannot be said that in omitting to grant relief under section 84 when making the assessment order the Income tax Officer committed a mistake apparent from the record229C D Subhash Chandra Sarvesh Kumar vs Commissioner of Income tax and Another and Income tax Officer Alwaye vs Asok Textiles Ltd  referred to 225