Civil Appeal No 1359 1969
Appeal under section 116 A of the Representation of the People Act 1951 from the judgment and order dated March 20 1969 of the Punjab and Haryana High Court in Election Petition No 1 of 1968
Harder Singh for the appellant
RK Garg SC Agarwala DP Singh and Sumitra Chakravarti for respondent No 1
The Judgment of the Court was delivered by Hegde J
This appeal under section 116A of the Representation of People Act 1951 to be shortly referred to hereinafter as the Act is directed against the decision of the High Court of Punjab and Haryana in Election Petition No 1 of 1968 on its file
In that election petition Kundan Singh the 1st respondent to this appeal challenged the validity of the returning officer s declaration that the appellant has been duly elected from the Hoshiarpur Local Authorities Constituency to the Punjab Legislative Council in the election held in April 1968
The High Court came to the conclusion that some of the votes polled in that election were invalid votes and if the valid votes alone are taken into consideration as it should have been then the 1st respondent is entitled to be declared elected
It accordingly set aside the declaration made in favour of the appellant and declared the 1st respondent as having been duly elected
We may now briefly state the material facts
In March 1968 the Hoshiarpur Local Authorities Constituency was called upon to elect one member to the Punjab Legislative Council
The election calendar was as follows 1 The last date for filing nomination papers 12 3 1968
2 Date of scrutiny of the nomination papers 13 3 1968
3 The last date for withdrawal of candidatures 16 3 1968
4 Date of polling 7 4 1968
5 Date of counting and declaration of result 8 4 1968
847 In that election as many as five candidates contested
They are the appellant and the respondents herein
On April 8 1968 the returning officer after counting the votes cast declared the appellant to be the successful candidate as he had secured one vote more than the 1st respondent
The 1st respondent challenged that declaration in the aforementioned election petition on various grounds of which at present we are only concerned with one viz that the vote of Hari Singh should have been held to be a void vote as his name was included in the electoral roll on April 5 1968 ie just two days before the date of polling
In his
turn the appellant filed a recriminatory petition contending inter alia that the vote of Tarsem Singh was void as by the time the polling took place he had become a government servant and the votes of two
other persons namely Harjinder Singh and Balwant Singh were void as their names were included in the electoral roll after the last date for filing nominations for the election
Other grounds taken in the recriminatory petition are not relevant for our present purpose
They have not been pressed before us
The election petition came up for trial before Mahajan J
The learned judge submitted the following question to a Full Bench for decision Whether allegation in para 4a pertaining to the vote of Hari Singh is correct and the vote was void and was polled in favour of respondent No 1 in violation of the Rules and has
materially affected the result of the election of respondent No 1
The Full Bench by majority came to
the conclusion that the vote of Hari Singh was void as his name was included in the electoral roll of the constituency after the last date for making nominations for the election in that constituency
Thereafter the case was sent back to Mahajan J for deciding the issues left undecided
On the basis of the opinion expressed by the Full Bench the learned judge came to the conclusion that the votes of Hari Singh Harjinder Singh and Balwant Singh were void votes
Consequently he recounted the votes validly cast and came to the conclusion that the 1 st respondent had been duly elected
He gave a declaration to that effect
As seen earlier the main contention in this appeal relates to the true effect of sub section
3  of section 23 of the Representation of People Act 1950 to be hereinafter referred to as the 1950 Act which prohibits the deletion of any entry or inclusion of any name in the electoral roll of a constituency after the last date for making nominations for an election in that constituency and before the completion of that election
We have considered the scope of that provision in Baidyanath Panliar vs Sitaram Mahto and Ors
1 in 1  L15 Sup
CI69 10 848 which we have delivered judgment just now
In view of that decision the view taken by the majority of the Full Bench must be held to be correct
Evidently under an erroneous impression that Harjinder Singh and Balwant Singh had voted against him the appellant had contended in his recriminatory petition that their votes were invalid
But on scrutiny it was found that one of them had given his first preference to him
Now it is contended on his behalf that as the 1st respondent had not challenged the validity of those votes the trial court could not have excluded from consideration the vote cast in his favour by one of those persons
This is an untenable contention
The votes of Harjinder Singh and Balwant Singh have been rejected on the ground that their names were included in the electoral roll in defiance of the mandate given under section 23 3 of the 1950 Act
What applies to
Hari Singh equally applies to Harjinder Singh and Balwant Singh
The fact that the 1st respondent did not challenge the validity of those votes is immaterial in the circumstances of this case
The election petition and the recriminatory petition were parts of one enquiry
As the validity of these three votes had come up for consideration and as it has been held that those votes are void votes it necessarily follows that those votes must be excluded from consideration in determining the result of the election
Another contention urged by Shri Harder Singh is that only the votes of those electors who had applied for the inclusion of their names in the electoral roll after the period mentioned in section 233 of the 1950 Act can be held to be void as the person who cast his vote in favour of the appellant had applied for inclusion of his name some days before the last date for making nominations the inclusion of his name in the roll after that date will not make his vote void
in support of his contention he placed tellance on the decision of the Patna High Court in Ramswaroap Prasad Yadav vs Jagat Kishore Prasad Narain Singh1
The ratio of that decision has no application to the facts of the present case
That decision was rendered before sub section
3 of section 23 of the 1950 Act was incorporated into the 1951 Act
The mandate of that provision is plain and unambiguous
It prohibits inclusion of any name in the electoral roll after the prescribed date whether the application for inclusion was made before or after that date
The only other contention that remains to be considered is that the High Court should have held that the vote of Tarsem Singh is invalid
It is not disputed that Tarsem Singh s name finds place in the electoral roll of the constituency but the argument was that as he had taken up government service subsequent to the inclusion of his name in the electoral roll he became disqualified to be a 1 XVII ELR 110
849 member of any local board and therefore he was not entitled to vote in the elections This contention cannot be upheld
Section 62 of the Act provides thus  621
No person who is not and except as expressly provided by this Act every person who is for the time being entered in the electoral roll of any constituency shall be entitled to vote in that constituency
2 No person shall vote at an election in any constituency if he is subject to any of the disqualifications referred to in section 16 of the Representation of the People Act 1950
3 No person shall vote at a general election in more than one constituency of the same class and if a person votes in more than one such constituency his votes in all such constituencies shall be void
4 No person shall at any election vote in the same constituency more than once notwithstanding that his name may have been registered in the electoral roll for that constituency more than once and if he does so vote all his votes in that constituency shall be void
5 No person shall vote at any election if he is confined in a prison whether under a sentence of imprisonment or transportation or otherwise or is in the lawful custody of the police  Provided that nothing in this sub section shall apply to a person subjected to preventive detention under any law for the time being in force
 In view of those provisions read with section 233 of the 1950 Act every person who is for the time being entered in the electoral roll of a constituency as it stood on the last date for making nominations for an election in that constituency is entitled to vote unless it is shown that he is prohibited by any of the provisions of the Act from exercising his vote
The prohibitions contained in sub sections 3 4 and 5 of section 62 of the Act do not apply to the case of Tarsem Singh
Therefore we have to see whether the prohibition contained in sub section
2 applied to his case
That sub section says that no person shall vote at an election in any constituency if he is subject to any of the disqualifications referred to in section 16 of the 1950 Act
This takes us to section 16 of the 1950 Act
It reads thus 161 A person shall be disqualified for registration in an electoral roll if he a is not a citizen of India or 850 b is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court or c is for the time being disqualified from voting under the provisions of any law relating to corrupt practices and other offences in connection with elections
2 The name of any person who becomes so disqualified after registration shall forthwith be struck off the electoral roll in which it is included  Provided that the name of any person struck off the electoral roll of a constituency by reason of a disqualifi cation under clause c of sub section 1 shall forthwith be re instated in that roll if such disqualification is during the period such roll is in force removed under any law authorizing such removal
 It is not the case of the appellant that Tarsem Singh had incurred any of the disqualifications mentioned therein
No other provision of law in the Act or in any other law was brought to our notice disqualifying him from exercising his vote
The right to vote being purely a statutory right the validity of any vote has to be examined on the basis of the provisions of the Act
We cannot travel outside those provisions to find out whether a particular vote was a valid vote or not
In view of section 30 of the 1950 Act civil courts have no _jurisdiction to entertain or adjudicate upon any question whether any person is or is not entitled to register himself in the electoral roll in a constituency or to question the illegality of the action taken by or under the authority of the electoral registration officer or any decision given by any authority appointed under that Act for the revision of any such roll
Part III of the 1950 Act deals with the preparation of rolls in a constituency
The provisions contained therein prescribe the qualifications for being registered as a voter section 19 disqualifications which disentitle a person from being registered as a voter section 16 revision of the rolls section 21 correction of entries in the electoral rolls section 22 inclusion of the names in the electoral rolls section 23 appeals against orders passed by the concerned authorities under sections 22 and 23 section 24
Sections 14 to 24 of the 1950 Act are integrated provisions
They form a complete code by themselves in the matter of preparation and maintenance of electoral rolls
It is clear from those provisions that the entries found in the electoral roll are final and they are not open to challenge either before a civil court or before a tribunal which considers the validity of any election
In B M Ramaswamy vs B M Krishnamurthy and Ors
1 this Court 1  851 came to
the conclusion that the finality of the electoral roll cannot be challenged in a proceeding challenging the validity of the election
For the reasons mentioned above this appeal fails and the same is dismissed with costs
YP Appeal dismissed


Summary:
In the elections to the Punjab Legislative Council from the local authorities constituency the appellant who was declared elected secured one vote more than the first respondent
The first respondent challenged the election of the appellant on the ground that the vote of H should have been held to be void as his name was included in the electoral roll after the last date for the filing of nomination in defiance of the provisions of section 233 of the Act
To this the appellant filed a recriminatory petition contending that the votes of two other persons B and S also were void as their names were included in the electoral roll after the last date for filing nominations
He also alleged that the vote of another voter T was void as he had become a government servant by the time the polling took place and therefore was disqualified to be a member of any local board
The High Court came to the conclusion that the votes of H B and S were void and counting the validity cast votes declared the first respondent elected
But when on scrutiny it was found that of B and S one of them had actually cast his first preference to the appellant he contended that as the first respondent had not challenged the validity of those votes the trial court could not have excluded from consideration the vote cast in his favour by one of those persons
HELD Section 233 takes away the power of the electoral registration officer or the chief electoral officer to correct the entries in the electoral rolls or to include new names in the electoral rolls of a constituency after the last date for making the nominations for election in that constituency
It prohibits inclusion of any name in the electoral roll after the prescribed date whether the application for inclusion was made before or after that date
848 G Baidyanath Panjiar vs Sita Ram Mahto  followed
ii The election petition and the recriminatory petition are parts of one enquiry
As the validity off the three votes had come up for consideration and as it was held that those votes were void it necessarily followed that the votes had to be excluded in determining the result of the election
The fact that the first respondent did not challenge the validity of those votes was immaterial in the circumstances of the case
848 D iii There is no provision in the Act which disqualified T from voting and the question whether a particular vote was a valid vote or not has to be decided solely on the basis of the provisions of the Act
In view of section 30 of the 1950 Act the entries found in the electoral roll are final and civil courts have no jurisdiction to
entertain or adjudicate upon any question whether any person is or is not entitled to register himself in the electoral roll
850 E 846 BM Ramaswamy vs
BM Krishnamurthy 1963 3 SCR 479 referred to