Civil Appeals Nos
1179 1180 NT of 1973
Appeals by Special leave from the judgment and Order dated the 29th April 1970 of the Allahabad High Court in WTR Nos
327  330 of 1964
T A Ramachandran Mrs Janki Ramachandran Miss A Subhashini and Mrs Sarla Chandra for the Appellant
ST Desai BP Maheshwari and BP Singh for the Respondents
The following Judgments were delivered TULZAPURKAR J The only question raised in these appeals is whether the two sums of Rs 549041 in the case of Ms JK Cotton Ltd and Rs 2161788 in the case of JK Jute Ltd being the balance of the demands payable as a result of the findings and orders of the Income tax Investigation Commission in the settlements made under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 30 of 1947 are deductible as debts owed by them in determining the net wealth of these companies  The question arises in these circumstances 40 Ms JK Cotton Manufactures Ltd the assessee is a limited company engaged in the manufacture of cotton textiles etc
and the assessment involved is the wealth tax assessment for the year 1957 58 based on the valuation date 3091956
It appears that as a result of proceedings taken and a settlement arrived at in 1952 under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 a sum of Rs 1599041 was determined as payable by the assessee company on its secreted profits and a scheme for the payment of the said liability by instalments was laid down
Out of this a sum of Rs 1050000 had been paid before the valuation date 3091956 and Rs 549041 remained unpaid on that date
The assessee company claimed that the balance of the demand that had remained unpaid was a debt owed by it and should be allowed as a deduction while computing its net wealth for the concerned year of assessment 1957 58
In the case of Ms J K Jute Mills Co Ltd the assessment involved under the Wealth tax Act is also for the assessment year 1957 58 but the valuation date is 31121956
In the case of this company also as a result of proceeding taken and a settlement arrived at in 1952 under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 a sum of Rs 4293392 was determined as payable by it on its secreted profits and a scheme for the payment of the said liability by instalments was laid down
Out of this a sum of Rs 2131604 had been paid before the valuation date 31121956 and Rs 2161788 remained unpaid on that date
The assessee company claimed that the balance of the demand that had remained unpaid was a debt owed by it and should be allowed as a deduction while computing its net wealth for the concerned year of assessment 1957 58
The Wealth Tax officer computed the net wealth of each company by adopting the figures of assets and liabilities as shown in their balance sheets as on their respective valuation dates after making such adjustments as he considered necessary but in both the cases he disallowed the aforesaid claim for deduction on the ground that the liability was outstanding for more than 12 months on the valuation dates
The Appellate Assistant Commissioner confirmed the disallowance of the amounts but for different a reason
He took the view that the tax liabilities assessed by the Income tax Investigation Commission had no relation to the assets or the declared wealth of the assessee companies which were the basis of the wealth tax assessment and since the assets on which the said liability was 41 assessed namely the secret profits were not included in the declared assets the disallowance was justified
In further appeals preferred by the assessee companies to the Tribunal the reasons given by the Wealth Tax Officer as well as the Appellate Assistant Commissioner were assailed but without expressing any view on the validity or otherwise of the reason given by the Wealth tax Officer the Tribunal confirmed the disallowance by substantially agreeing with the view expressed by the Appellate Assistant Commissioner
The Tribunal pointed out that in s2 m which defines net wealth  sub section
i excludes debts located outside India in the case of certain classes of assessees in whose case assets located out side India are excluded that s2 m ii bars the deduction of debts secured on or incurred in relation to exempted assets mentioned in section 5 1 and 5 2 that s4 3 permits the deduction of debts relating to assets which do not stand in the name of the assessee but which are nevertheless to be included in the net wealth of the assessee by virtue of the provision in section 4 1 that s6 1 repeats the provision in section 2 m i excluding the debts located outside India where corresponding assets are excluded and according to the Tribunal these provisions indicated a scheme of the Act which suggested that debts which qualified for deduction in computation of the net wealth were only those which were incurred in relation to the assets declared by the assessee that is to say in computing the net wealth the principle to be adopted was that when any assets were included the corresponding debts should be allowed but that when such assets were excluded or were liable to be excluded from the net wealth the corresponding debts should also be excluded
The Tribunal further observed that since in the case of the two companies it was not disputed on their behalf that the tax demands made by the Investigation Commission were in respect of secret profits which were not disclosed in their books of accounts and since it was also conceded that the assets shown in the balance sheets did not include any assets acquired out of such secret profits the balance of tax demand Rs 549041 in one case and Rs 2161788 in the other case was not deductible
In the References that were made at the instance of the assessee companies the High Court took a contrary view
It over ruled the Tribunal s conclusion that the provisions relied upon by it indicated any scheme leading to the principle that only such debts as were incurred in relation to the asset declared or disclosed in the books qualified for deduction because the concerned provisions merely dealt with typical situations or special categories of assets and no 42 general pattern or scheme as suggested could be inferred therefrom
The High Court therefore opined that the deductions claimed were allowable in computing the net wealth of the assessee companies
The revenue has come up in appeals to this Court
In support of these appeals Counsel for the revenue raised two contentions before us
In the first place the counsel canvassed for the acceptance by us of the Tribunal s view that the scheme of the Wealth Tax Act shows that where a liability is incurred in relation to any asset that liability is not deductible if the asset is for any reason not included in the net wealth and in this behalf provisions contained in sections 2 m i and ii 4 3 5 and 6 of the Act were relied upon
By way of elaboration it was further urged that since under the settlements made under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 certain tax liabilities were determined as payable by the assessee companies the assessees must be taken to have admitted having made secret profits and as such only the assessees could know about the use or destination thereof and it was for them to show that became of the secret profits and in the absence of any explanation from them in that behalf the secret profits must be presumed to be with them as on the valuation dates and when such was the position if such secret profits or other assets acquired out of them were not brought into or were not reflected in the Balance Sheets the tax liabilities in relation thereto could not be allowed to be deducted
Counsel pointed out that the presumption which he is seeking to raise against the assessees as above was only a different facet of the same rule which obtains in Income tax cases that once a sum is found credited in the assessee s books then it is for him to prove the nature and source thereof failing which the cash credit is regarded as his income from undisclosed source a rule previously enunciated by judicial decisions which now finds a statutory recognition in s68 of the Income Tax Act 1961
Secondly counsel contended that since the deductions claimed were in respect of tax liabilities which were outstanding for a period of more than 12 months on the valuation dates the deductions could not be allowed under s2 m iii of the Act
On the other hand counsel for the assessee companies supported the view taken by the High Court on the first contention and as regards the second it was urged that since the same did not find favour either with the AAC or with the Tribunal and was not even urged before the High Court the Revenue must be taken to have given it up as being without any substance
In any event the tax liabilities herein do not fall within the exclusionary provision contained in sec
2 m iii
43 In order to examine the first contention it will be necessary to est out the concerned provisions including the charging provision contained in sec
3 of the Act
Section 3 provides that there shall be charged for every assessment year commencing from 141957 a tax called Wealth tax in respect of the net wealth on the corresponding valuation date of every individual Hindu Undivided Family and Company at the rate or rates specified in the Schedule I Net wealth is defined in s2 m which runs thus 2m net wealth means the amount by which the aggregate value computed in accordance with the provisions of this Act of all the assets wherever located belonging to the assessee on the valuation date including assets required to be included in his net wealth as on that date under this Act is in excess of the aggregate value of all the debts owed by the assessee on the valuation date other than i debts which under section 6 are not to be taken into account ii debts which are secured on or which have been incurred in relation to any property in respect of which wealth tax is not chargeable under this Act iii the amount of the tax penalty or interest payable in consequence of any order passed under or in pursuance of this Act or any law relating to taxation of income or profits or the 34 of 1953 the Expenditure Tax Act 1957 29 of 1957 or the 18 of 1958 a which is outstanding on the valuation date and is claimed by the assessee in appeal revision or other proceeding as not being payable by him or b which although not claimed by the assessee as not being payable by him is nevertheless outstanding for a period of more than twelve months on the valuation date Section 4 1 provides for inclusion of certain assets in computing the net wealth of an individual assets which on the valuation date are held not by that individual but by the spouse or by a minor child of such individual to whom they have been transferred by such 44 individual directly or indirectly otherwise than for adequate consideration etc in other words such assets held by the spouse or the minor are deemed to be the assets of such individual and in respect of such deemed assets sub sec
3 provides 3 Where the value of any assets is to be included in the net wealth of an assessee in accordance with clause a of subsection 1 or sub section 1A a they shall be deducted from such value any debts owing on the valuation date by the transferee mentioned in that clause in so far as such debts are referable to such assets
and b the provisions of section 5 shall apply in relation to such assets as if such assets were assets belonging to the assessee
 Section 5 exempts certain assets held by an assessee from being included in his net wealth and provides that Wealth tax shall not be payable by him in respect of those assets and then follows a list of a large number of such exempted assets
Section 6 deals with exclusion of assets and debts outside India and provides that in computing the net wealth of an individual who is not a citizen of India or of an individual or a Hindu Undivided Family not resident of India or resident but not ordinarily resident in India or of a company not resident in India during the year ending on the valuation date the value of assets and debts located outside India and the value of assets in India of the types specified in cl
ii shall not be taken into account
The question is whether the aforesaid provisions of the Act on which reliance has been placed by counsel for the revenue indicate a scheme of the Act suggestive of the principle that only such debts as are incurred in relation to the assets declared or disclosed in the books qualify for deduction in computing the net wealth of an assessee  In other words do these provisions show that in computing the net wealth the rule to be adopted is that when any assets are included while aggregating the total assets the corresponding debts should be allowed but when such assets are excluded or are liable to be excluded the corresponding debts should also be excluded  45 On a careful analysis of the aforesaid provisions it seems to us clear that the key provisions are the charging section and the definition of the net wealth given in sec
2 m
Under sec
3 wealth tax is chargeable on the net wealth held by every assessee on the valuation date and net wealth  under sec
2 m means the excess of the aggregate value of all his assets wherever located computed in accordance with the Act over the aggregate value of all the debts owed by him on the valuation date other than the debts which fall within the exclusionary part of sec
2 m
The scheme emerging from the key provisions clearly shows that barring those debts which fall within the exclusionary part of sec
2 m all other debts owed by the assessee have to be deducted from the aggregate value of the assets belonging to him on the valuation date
In other words in order to get disqualified for the purposes of deduction a debt must fall within the exclusionary part and there is nothing in the exclusionary part which suggests that the debt must either be relatable to any asset at all or if it is relatable to any asset such asset must be included in the books of accounts or the balance sheet of the assessee before a deduction in respect thereof is allowed
If such were the intention of the Legislature the exclusionary part of sec
2 m would have made a specific provision in that behalf by adding an appropriate sub clause therein
In the absence of such a provision being found in the exclusionary part of sec
2 m it would be difficult to accept the contention of counsel for the revenue which in substance requires a restricted meaning being given to the expression all debts  occurring therein in the context of its deducibility under the Act and the acceptance of such a contention would lead to anomalous results which could be demonstrated
For instance where an assessee has taken an over draft from the bank for the purpose of carrying on his day to day business and the over draft is not utilised for acquisition of any tangible asset for the business then on the argument of counsel for the Revenue such overdraft would become disallowable because the liability is not referable to any asset reflected in his books but obviously under the scheme of sec
3 read with the definition of net wealth under sec
2 m such a liability will have to be allowed as a debt owed by the assessee in computing his wealth tax
Similarly if a limited company after earning a certain amount of profits in a year were to distribute the whole of it to its share holders by way of dividends it would be absurd to suggest that the income tax payable on such profits would not be allowable as a debt owed by the assessee in the computation of its net wealth simply because such profits are no longer available for being reflected in its books while aggregating its total assets
In 46 the absence of an appropriate provision in the exclusionary part of sec
2 m therefore it is difficult to accept the counsel s contention that a restricted meaning as suggested should be given to the expression all debts  occurring in sec
2 m
Turning to the other provisions namely sec
2 m i and ii sec
4 3 and secs
5 and 6 of the Act we are in agreement with the High Court s view that these provisions deal with typical situations or special categories of assets
Section 4 for instance deals with certain assets which are deemed assets of an individual for computing his net wealth assets held by his or her spouse or minor child etc
under a transfer made by him to them otherwise than for adequate consideration and when such assets though held by the transferee are to be included as if belonging to that individual it is but natural and fair that debts owed by the transferee on the valuation date in relation to such assets should be deducted while computing the value of such asset in the hands of the individual and this is precisely what sec
4 3 provides it is clearly a typical case dealing with deemed assets
Section 5 has to be read with sec
2 m ii and so read the provision is that debts in relation to exempted assets ie assets which are not chargeable to wealth tax at all should not be allowed to be deducted similarly sec
6 has to be read with sec
2 m i and so read the effect is that both the assets and debts located outside India of a non citizen or of an assessee who is non resident or is a resident but not ordinarily a resident in India during the year ending on the valuation date shall not be taken into account in computing the net wealth of the assessee
From these particular or special provisions it will be illogical to deduce any general principle that only such debts as are incurred in relation to the assets declared or reflect in the books qualify for deduction in computing the net wealth of an assessee especially as in the definition of net wealth  given in sec
2 m there is no warrant for it
As regards the elaboration of the contention based on a presumption sought to be raised by counsel for the revenue against the assessee companies from the analogy of the presumption arising in income tax cases under sec
68 of the Income tax Act 1961 the contention is fallacious for two reasons
It is true that by reason of the settlement made under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 the assessee companies must be taken to have admitted that they had made secret profits which were kept out of the books of accounts and it is also true that no explanation was forthcoming from the assessee companies as to what became of such 47 secret profits but the question is whether from such absence of explanation any presumption can be raised that such secret profits were still retained by them on the valuation date in the circumstances of the case  In the first place the analogy of the rule applicable in income tax cases would be inapplicable in wealth tax cases inasmuch as in the former case the unexplained cash credit item is regarded as income of the assessee from undisclosed source having accrued to him during the accounting year while in the latter case only the valuation date is relevant on which date the assets secret profits must be held by the assessee and it will not do that such asset was held by him some time during the concerned year
Secondly after a lapse of sufficiently long period no presumption can be raised that a secret profit earned some time during the concerned year has continued to be held by the assessee on the valuation date
In the instant case the secret profits admittedly earned by the assessee companies related to assessment years prior to September 1948 as proceedings under Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 could be taken only in respect of assessment years prior to 19 1948 and the tax liability in respect thereof was determined in 1952 but we are concerned with the valuation dates 306
1956 and 31121956 and therefore the presumption as suggested by the counsel cannot be drawn against the assessee companies after a lapse of 8 long years
In Annamma Paul Perincherry vs Commissioner of Wealth Tax Kerala1 and Commissioner of Wealth Tax
Kanpur vs JK Jute Mills Co Ltd2
 the Kerala High Court as well as the Allahabad High Court have taken a similar view that no such presumption can be raised after a lapse of sufficiently long period and we approve of the said view
In any case as stated above the deducibility of the two tax liabilities in question does not depend upon whether the assets in respect whereof such liability has been determined are available or not while aggregating the assets of the assessee companies
The contention of the counsel for revenue therefore must fail
Coming to the second contention the question is whether the deductions claimed fall within the exclusionary part of sec
2m iii of the Act that is whether the two sums of tax liabilities were outstanding for more than 12 months on the respective valuation dates  According to counsel the expression outstanding means remaining unpaid after becoming due and since the liability to pay income tax for any assessment year crystalises on the last day of the previous 48 year and becomes payable for that assessment year even before it gets quantified the two tax liabilities in question which pertained to assessment years prior to 1948 must be regarded as having become due by the last day of the concerned previous years and since these were not cleared soon thereafter these were outstanding since at least 1948 and thus became disallowable
In the alternative counsel urged that if payability is made to depend upon the date of an order passed quantifying the same then at least in 1952 these became payable when the order of the Investigation Commission was passed and more than 12 months had passed since then
Counsel urged that granting of instalments under the settlement merely amounted to showing some concessions to the assessee companies and did not affect the payability in 1952 of the arrears of tax
In our view there is no force in any of these submissions made by counsel
The aspect that the liability to pay income tax for any assessment year crystalises on the last day of the previous year and therefore becomes payable on the expiry of the last day irrespective of quantification of the dues would be irrelevant having regard to the express language of sec
2 m iii
Sub cliii requires that the tax liability must be one which is payable in consequence of any order passed under any law relating to taxation on income or profits etc
such liability so payable under an order passed must remain outstanding for a period of more than 12 months on the valuation date
 The alternative submission that the tax liabilities in the instant case must be taken to have become payable in 1952 under the Investigation Commission s order and must be regarded as having remained outstanding since 1952 is equally of no avail for the payability of the dues must depend upon the terms of the Commission s order and admittedly a scheme for payment of the dues by instalments was provided in the order and each instalment would become payable on the date on which it is directed to be paid
In our view the expression outstanding  in sec 2 m iii a and b will have to be construed in the background of the phrase amount of tax payable in consequence of an order and in that context it must mean remaining unpaid after the obligation to pay is incurred
We are informed that similar construction has been placed on the expression outstanding  occurring in sec
2 m iii of the Act by the Calcutta High Court in Commissioner of Wealth tax West Bengal III vs Banarshi Prasad Kedia1 and by the Allahabad High Court in Commissioner of Wealth Tax UP and Others vs Padampat Singhania2 and we affirm the same
In the instant case it was an 49 admitted position before the Tribunal that under the scheme of instalments sanctioned in the settlements the two sums in respect where of deductions were claimed had not become due for payment before the valuation dates
It is therefore clear that the deductions claimed do not fall within the exclusionary part contained in sec
2 m iii of the Act
In the result the High Court s view is confirmed and the appeals are dismissed
There will be no order as to costs SABYASACHI MUKHARJI J
On the second aspect namely whether the deductions of two sums of Rs 5 49 041 and Rs 2161 788 being the outstanding liabilities as a result of the determination under settlement arrived at in 1952 under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 I respectfully agree with the views expressed by my learned brother
I adhere to the opinion I expressed on the expression outstanding  in Commission of Wealth Tax West Bengal III vs Banarashi Prasad Kedia1 which is in consonance with the views expressed by the Allahabad High Court in Commissioner of Wealth Tax UP and Others V Padampat Singhania2
I am therefore of the opinion that these deductions do not fall within the exclusionary part contained in Section 2 m iii of the Wealth Tax Act 1957
On the first contention urged on behalf of the revenue I would however if I may express my views
I respectfully agree with my learned brother that from the relevant provisions of the Wealth Tax Act to which my learned brother has referred in the facts and circumstances available in this case the deductibility of the two tax liabilities in question does not depend upon whether the assets in respect whereof such liability has been determined are available or not while aggregating the assets of the assessee companies
In the facts of this case it appears that in the case of Ms JK Cotton Manufacturers Ltd proceedings were taken under the Taxation on income Investigation Commission Act 1947 and a settlement was arrived in 1952 and a sum of Rs 1599041 was determined as payable by the assessee on its secreted profits and a scheme of payments of such liability by instalments was agreed upon
Similarly in the case of Ms JK Jute Mills Co Ltd a settlement was arrived at in 1952 under the aforesaid Act and a sum of Rs 4293392 was determined as payable by it on its secreted profits and a scheme of liquidation of such liability was agreed upon
It is true that as a result of the admission made by the assessee the assessee made profits which 50 year and when we have no material though the income tax liabilities for the same had been settled in 1952
There is no evidence to show whether these profits had remained with the assessee either in the form of assets in the Balance Sheet or otherwise
The relevant valuation dates were much later 30 9 1956 and 3112
1956 respectively in the case of the two companies
Had there been any finding that these profits in some form either as assets in the Balance Sheet or otherwise were with the assessee it could have perhaps been examined whether so long as the assessee does not bring those profits in the computation of the wealth the assessee would be disentitled to the deductions of liabilities in respect of the same
These should have been examined by the Wealth tax Officer with the aid of the principles of Section 106 and Section 114 of the Evidence Act
But these were not done
It is unfortunate
Had that been done it could have perhaps been examined whether by the principle of purposive interpretation in order to give effect to the intention of legislature in enacting the Wealth Tax Act and evolving the scheme of settlement under Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 whether the assessee was entitled to the deduction of these two tax liabilities
On the materials on record I respectfully agree with the conclusion arrived at by my learned brother on the first contention urged on behalf of the revenue
NVK Appeals dismissed


Summary:
As a result of proceedings taken and settlement arrived at in 1952 under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 certain sums were determined as payable by the respondents assessee companies on its secreted profits and schemes for the payment of the said liability by instalments were laid down
The assessee companies claimed that the balance of the demand that had remained unpaid was a debt owed by it and should be allowed as a deduction while computing its net wealth for the concerned year of assessment1957 58 The Wealth tax Officer computed the net wealth of each company by adopting the figures of assets and liabilities as shown in their balance sheets as on their respective valuation dates after making such adjustments as considered necessary but in both the cases he disallowed the aforesaid claim for deduction on the ground that the liability was outstanding for more than 12 months on the valuation dates
The Appellate Assistant Commissioner confirmed the disallowance
He took the view that the tax liabilities assessed by the Income tax Investigation Commission had no relation to the assets or the declared wealth of assessee companies which were the basis of the wealth tax assessment and since the assets on which the said liability was assessed namely the secret profits were not included in the declared assets the disallowance was justified
In further appeals by the assessee companies to the Tribunal the Tribunal confirmed the disallowance on the ground that sections 2m i 2 m ii 5 1 and 5 2 indicated a scheme of the Act which suggested that debts which qualified for deduction in computation of the net wealth were only those which were incurred in relation to the assets declared by the assessee that is to say in computing the net wealth the principle to be adopted was that when any assets were included the corresponding debts should be allowed but that when such assets were excluded or were liable to be excluded from the net wealth the corresponding debts should also be excluded
38 In the References to the High Court at the instance of the assessee companies the Tribunal s conclusion was overruled and the High Court opined that the deductions claimed were allowable in computing the net wealth of the assessee companies
In the appeals to this Court by the Revenue on the question whether the balance of the payments payable by the companies as a result of the findings and orders of the Income Tax Investigation Commission in the settlements made under the Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 are deductible as debts owed by them in determining the net wealth of the companies
Dismissing the appeals  HELD By the Court Section 2 m iii requires that the tax liability must be one which is payable in consequence of any order passed under any law relating to taxation on income or profits etc
such liability so payable under an order must remain outstanding for a period of more than 12 months on the valuation date
The expression outstanding  in section 2 m iii a andb will have to be construed in the background of the phrase amount of tax payable in consequence of an order and in that context it must mean remaining unpaid after the obligation to pay is incurred
48D 48G In the instant case it was the admitted position before the Tribunal that under the scheme of instalments sanctioned in the settlements the two sums in respect thereof deductions were claimed had not become due for payment before the valuation dates
The deductions claimed therefore do not fall within the exclusionary part contained in section 2 m iii of the Act
48H 49A Per Tulzapurkar J
The scheme emerging from the key provisions of the Act Sections 2 m 3 and 4 clearly show that barring those debts which fall within the exclusionary part of section 2 m all other debts owed by the assessee have to be deducted from the aggregate value of the assets belonging to him on the valuation date
In order to get disqualified for the purposes of deduction a debt must fall within the exclusionary part and there is nothing in the exclusionary part which suggests that the debt must either by relatable to any asset at all or if it is relatable to any asset such asset must be included in the books of accounts or the balance sheet of the assessee before a deduction in respect thereof is allowed
45C D In the instant cases the secret profits admittedly earned by the assessee companies related to an assessment year prior to September 1948 as proceedings under Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act
1947 could be taken only in respect of the assessment year prior to 191948 and the tax liability in respect thereof was determined in 1952 but the valuation dates are 3061956 and 31121956
47D Annamma Paul Perincherry vs Commissioner of Wealth Tax Kerala and Commissioner of Wealth Tax Kanpur vs JK Jute Mills CoLtd  approved 39 Per Sabyasachi Mukharji J There is no evidence to show whether the profits had remained with the assessee companies either in the form of assets in the Balance sheet or otherwise
The relevant valuation dates were much later
Had there been any finding that these profits in some form either as assets in the Balance Sheet or otherwise were with the assessee
It could have perhaps been examined whether so long as the assessee does not bring those profits in the computation of the wealth the assessee would be disentitled to the deductions of liabilities in respect of the same
These should have been examined by the Wealth tax Officer with the aid of the principles of section 106 and section 114 of the Evidence Act
Had that been done it could have perhaps been examined whether by the principle of purposive interpretation in order the give effect to the intention of the legislature in enacting the Wealth Tax and evolving the scheme of settlement under Taxation on Income Investigation Commission Act 1947 whether the assessee was entitled to the deduction of these two tax liabilities
50 A D Commissioner of Wealth Tax West Bengal III vs Banarashi Prashad Kedia and Commissioner of Wealth Tax UP and others vs Padampat Singhania 84 ITR 799 approved