// Vulnerability label: clean
pragma solidity ^0.4.20;
/*
/*
* ===========================
* Welcome To Ramen Coin! The FIRST and ONLY Proof of Ramen Cryptocurrency!
* Our cryptocurrency not only provides an opportunity to earn from playing our dApp but we will use funds in the long run 
* to help those who suffer from hunger and starvation in the world. By taking part in our dApp you are doing your part to help!
* |
*         |  /           
*         | /
*   .~^(,&|/o.   
*  |`-------^|
*  \\         /
*   `======='  
* 
* https://ramencoin.me
*
* ===========================
* -> Who doesn't love Ramen?
* Incorporated the best aspects of different contracts to make a NEW and IMPROVED version which now includes:
* [✓] 20% dividends for token purchase, shared among all token holders.
* [✓] 10% dividends for token transfer, shared among all token holders.
* [✓] 25% dividends for token selling.
* [✓] 7% dividends is given to referrer.
* [✓] 50 tokens to activate Masternodes.
*
*/

contract RAMEN {


    /*=================================
    =            MODIFIERS            =
    =================================*/

    /// @dev Only people with tokens
    modifier onlyBagholders {
        require(myTokens() > 0);
        _;
    }

    /// @dev Only people with profits
    modifier onlyStronghands {
        require(myDividends(true) > 0);
        _;
    }


    /*==============================
    =            EVENTS            =
    ==============================*/

    event onTokenPurchase(
        address indexed customerAddress,
        uint256 incomingEthereum,
        uint256 tokensMinted,
        address indexed referredBy,
        uint timestamp,
        uint256 price
    );

    event onTokenSell(
        address indexed customerAddress,
        uint256 tokensBurned,
        uint256 ethereumEarned,
        uint timestamp,
        uint256 price
    );

    event onReinvestment(
        address indexed customerAddress,
        uint256 ethereumReinvested,
        uint256 tokensMinted
    );

    event onWithdraw(
        address indexed customerAddress,
        uint256 ethereumWithdrawn
    );

    // ERC20
    event Transfer(
        address indexed from,
        address indexed to,
        uint256 tokens
    );


    /*=====================================
    =            CONFIGURABLES            =
    =====================================*/

    string public name = "Ramen Coin";
    string public symbol = "RAMEN";
    uint8 constant public decimals = 18;

    /// @dev 15% dividends for token purchase
    uint8 constant internal entryFee_ = 20;

    /// @dev 10% dividends for token transfer
    uint8 constant internal transferFee_ = 10;

    /// @dev 25% dividends for token selling
    uint8 constant internal exitFee_ = 25;

    /// @dev 35% of entryFee_ (i.e. 7% dividends) is given to referrer
    uint8 constant internal refferalFee_ = 35;

    uint256 constant internal tokenPriceInitial_ = 0.0000001 ether;
    uint256 constant internal tokenPriceIncremental_ = 0.00000001 ether;
    uint256 constant internal magnitude = 2 ** 64;

    /// @dev proof of stake (defaults at 50 tokens)
    uint256 public stakingRequirement = 50e18;


   /*=================================
    =            DATASETS            =
    ================================*/

    // amount of shares for each address (scaled number)
    mapping(address => uint256) internal tokenBalanceLedger_;
    mapping(address => uint256) internal referralBalance_;
    mapping(address => int256) internal payoutsTo_;
    uint256 internal tokenSupply_;
    uint256 internal profitPerShare_;


    /*=======================================
    =            PUBLIC FUNCTIONS           =
    =======================================*/

    /// @dev Converts all incoming ethereum to tokens for the caller, and passes down the referral addy (if any)
    function buy(address _referredBy) public payable returns (uint256) {
        purchaseTokens(msg.value, _referredBy);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Fallback function to handle ethereum that was send straight to the contract
     *  Unfortunately we cannot use a referral address this way.
     */
    function() payable public {
        purchaseTokens(msg.value, 0x0);
    }

    /// @dev Converts all of caller's dividends to tokens.
    function reinvest() onlyStronghands public {
        // fetch dividends
        uint256 _dividends = myDividends(false); // retrieve ref. bonus later in the code

        // pay out the dividends virtually
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        payoutsTo_[_customerAddress] +=  (int256) (_dividends * magnitude);

        // retrieve ref. bonus
        _dividends += referralBalance_[_customerAddress];
        referralBalance_[_customerAddress] = 0;

        // dispatch a buy order with the virtualized "withdrawn dividends"
        uint256 _tokens = purchaseTokens(_dividends, 0x0);

        // fire event
        onReinvestment(_customerAddress, _dividends, _tokens);
    }

    /// @dev Alias of sell() and withdraw().
    function exit() public {
        // get token count for caller & sell them all
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        uint256 _tokens = tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress];
        if (_tokens > 0) sell(_tokens);

        // lambo delivery service
        withdraw();
    }

    /// @dev Withdraws all of the callers earnings.
    function withdraw() onlyStronghands public {
        // setup data
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        uint256 _dividends = myDividends(false); // get ref. bonus later in the code

        // update dividend tracker
        payoutsTo_[_customerAddress] += (int256) (_dividends * magnitude);

        // add ref. bonus
        _dividends += referralBalance_[_customerAddress];
        referralBalance_[_customerAddress] = 0;

        // lambo delivery service
        _customerAddress.transfer(_dividends);

        // fire event
        onWithdraw(_customerAddress, _dividends);
    }

    /// @dev Liquifies tokens to ethereum.
    function sell(uint256 _amountOfTokens) onlyBagholders public {
        // setup data
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        // russian hackers BTFO
        require(_amountOfTokens <= tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress]);
        uint256 _tokens = _amountOfTokens;
        uint256 _ethereum = tokensToEthereum_(_tokens);
        uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_ethereum, exitFee_), 100);
        uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.sub(_ethereum, _dividends);

        // burn the sold tokens
        tokenSupply_ = SafeMath.sub(tokenSupply_, _tokens);
        tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress] = SafeMath.sub(tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress], _tokens);

        // update dividends tracker
        int256 _updatedPayouts = (int256) (profitPerShare_ * _tokens + (_taxedEthereum * magnitude));
        payoutsTo_[_customerAddress] -= _updatedPayouts;

        // dividing by zero is a bad idea
        if (tokenSupply_ > 0) {
            // update the amount of dividends per token
            profitPerShare_ = SafeMath.add(profitPerShare_, (_dividends * magnitude) / tokenSupply_);
        }

        // fire event
        onTokenSell(_customerAddress, _tokens, _taxedEthereum, now, buyPrice());
    }


    /**
     * @dev Transfer tokens from the caller to a new holder.
     *  Remember, there's a 15% fee here as well.
     */
    function transfer(address _toAddress, uint256 _amountOfTokens) onlyBagholders public returns (bool) {
        // setup
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;

        // make sure we have the requested tokens
        require(_amountOfTokens <= tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress]);

        // withdraw all outstanding dividends first
        if (myDividends(true) > 0) {
            withdraw();
        }

        // liquify 10% of the tokens that are transfered
        // these are dispersed to shareholders
        uint256 _tokenFee = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_amountOfTokens, transferFee_), 100);
        uint256 _taxedTokens = SafeMath.sub(_amountOfTokens, _tokenFee);
        uint256 _dividends = tokensToEthereum_(_tokenFee);

        // burn the fee tokens
        tokenSupply_ = SafeMath.sub(tokenSupply_, _tokenFee);

        // exchange tokens
        tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress] = SafeMath.sub(tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress], _amountOfTokens);
        tokenBalanceLedger_[_toAddress] = SafeMath.add(tokenBalanceLedger_[_toAddress], _taxedTokens);

        // update dividend trackers
        payoutsTo_[_customerAddress] -= (int256) (profitPerShare_ * _amountOfTokens);
        payoutsTo_[_toAddress] += (int256) (profitPerShare_ * _taxedTokens);

        // disperse dividends among holders
        profitPerShare_ = SafeMath.add(profitPerShare_, (_dividends * magnitude) / tokenSupply_);

        // fire event
        Transfer(_customerAddress, _toAddress, _taxedTokens);

        // ERC20
        return true;
    }


    /*=====================================
    =      HELPERS AND CALCULATORS        =
    =====================================*/

    /**
     * @dev Method to view the current Ethereum stored in the contract
     *  Example: totalEthereumBalance()
     */
    function totalEthereumBalance() public view returns (uint256) {
        return this.balance;
    }

    /// @dev Retrieve the total token supply.
    function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
        return tokenSupply_;
    }

    /// @dev Retrieve the tokens owned by the caller.
    function myTokens() public view returns (uint256) {
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        return balanceOf(_customerAddress);
    }

    /**
     * @dev Retrieve the dividends owned by the caller.
     *  If `_includeReferralBonus` is to to 1/true, the referral bonus will be included in the calculations.
     *  The reason for this, is that in the frontend, we will want to get the total divs (global + ref)
     *  But in the internal calculations, we want them separate.
     */
    function myDividends(bool _includeReferralBonus) public view returns (uint256) {
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        return _includeReferralBonus ? dividendsOf(_customerAddress) + referralBalance_[_customerAddress] : dividendsOf(_customerAddress) ;
    }

    /// @dev Retrieve the token balance of any single address.
    function balanceOf(address _customerAddress) public view returns (uint256) {
        return tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress];
    }

    /// @dev Retrieve the dividend balance of any single address.
    function dividendsOf(address _customerAddress) public view returns (uint256) {
        return (uint256) ((int256) (profitPerShare_ * tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress]) - payoutsTo_[_customerAddress]) / magnitude;
    }

    /// @dev Return the sell price of 1 individual token.
    function sellPrice() public view returns (uint256) {
        // our calculation relies on the token supply, so we need supply. Doh.
        if (tokenSupply_ == 0) {
            return tokenPriceInitial_ - tokenPriceIncremental_;
        } else {
            uint256 _ethereum = tokensToEthereum_(1e18);
            uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_ethereum, exitFee_), 100);
            uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.sub(_ethereum, _dividends);

            return _taxedEthereum;
        }
    }

    /// @dev Return the buy price of 1 individual token.
    function buyPrice() public view returns (uint256) {
        // our calculation relies on the token supply, so we need supply. Doh.
        if (tokenSupply_ == 0) {
            return tokenPriceInitial_ + tokenPriceIncremental_;
        } else {
            uint256 _ethereum = tokensToEthereum_(1e18);
            uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_ethereum, entryFee_), 100);
            uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.add(_ethereum, _dividends);

            return _taxedEthereum;
        }
    }

    /// @dev Function for the frontend to dynamically retrieve the price scaling of buy orders.
    function calculateTokensReceived(uint256 _ethereumToSpend) public view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_ethereumToSpend, entryFee_), 100);
        uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.sub(_ethereumToSpend, _dividends);
        uint256 _amountOfTokens = ethereumToTokens_(_taxedEthereum);

        return _amountOfTokens;
    }

    /// @dev Function for the frontend to dynamically retrieve the price scaling of sell orders.
    function calculateEthereumReceived(uint256 _tokensToSell) public view returns (uint256) {
        require(_tokensToSell <= tokenSupply_);
        uint256 _ethereum = tokensToEthereum_(_tokensToSell);
        uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_ethereum, exitFee_), 100);
        uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.sub(_ethereum, _dividends);
        return _taxedEthereum;
    }


    /*==========================================
    =            INTERNAL FUNCTIONS            =
    ==========================================*/

    /// @dev Internal function to actually purchase the tokens.
    function purchaseTokens(uint256 _incomingEthereum, address _referredBy) internal returns (uint256) {
        // data setup
        address _customerAddress = msg.sender;
        uint256 _undividedDividends = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_incomingEthereum, entryFee_), 100);
        uint256 _referralBonus = SafeMath.div(SafeMath.mul(_undividedDividends, refferalFee_), 100);
        uint256 _dividends = SafeMath.sub(_undividedDividends, _referralBonus);
        uint256 _taxedEthereum = SafeMath.sub(_incomingEthereum, _undividedDividends);
        uint256 _amountOfTokens = ethereumToTokens_(_taxedEthereum);
        uint256 _fee = _dividends * magnitude;

        // no point in continuing execution if OP is a poorfag russian hacker
        // prevents overflow in the case that the pyramid somehow magically starts being used by everyone in the world
        // (or hackers)
        // and yes we know that the safemath function automatically rules out the "greater then" equasion.
        require(_amountOfTokens > 0 && SafeMath.add(_amountOfTokens, tokenSupply_) > tokenSupply_);

        // is the user referred by a masternode?
        if (
            // is this a referred purchase?
            _referredBy != 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 &&

            // no cheating!
            _referredBy != _customerAddress &&

            // does the referrer have at least X whole tokens?
            // i.e is the referrer a godly chad masternode
            tokenBalanceLedger_[_referredBy] >= stakingRequirement
        ) {
            // wealth redistribution
            referralBalance_[_referredBy] = SafeMath.add(referralBalance_[_referredBy], _referralBonus);
        } else {
            // no ref purchase
            // add the referral bonus back to the global dividends cake
            _dividends = SafeMath.add(_dividends, _referralBonus);
            _fee = _dividends * magnitude;
        }

        // we can't give people infinite ethereum
        if (tokenSupply_ > 0) {
            // add tokens to the pool
            tokenSupply_ = SafeMath.add(tokenSupply_, _amountOfTokens);

            // take the amount of dividends gained through this transaction, and allocates them evenly to each shareholder
            profitPerShare_ += (_dividends * magnitude / tokenSupply_);

            // calculate the amount of tokens the customer receives over his purchase
            _fee = _fee - (_fee - (_amountOfTokens * (_dividends * magnitude / tokenSupply_)));
        } else {
            // add tokens to the pool
            tokenSupply_ = _amountOfTokens;
        }

        // update circulating supply & the ledger address for the customer
        tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress] = SafeMath.add(tokenBalanceLedger_[_customerAddress], _amountOfTokens);

        // Tells the contract that the buyer doesn't deserve dividends for the tokens before they owned them;
        // really i know you think you do but you don't
        int256 _updatedPayouts = (int256) (profitPerShare_ * _amountOfTokens - _fee);
        payoutsTo_[_customerAddress] += _updatedPayouts;

        // fire event
        onTokenPurchase(_customerAddress, _incomingEthereum, _amountOfTokens, _referredBy, now, buyPrice());

        return _amountOfTokens;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate Token price based on an amount of incoming ethereum
     *  It's an algorithm, hopefully we gave you the whitepaper with it in scientific notation;
     *  Some conversions occurred to prevent decimal errors or underflows / overflows in solidity code.
     */
    function ethereumToTokens_(uint256 _ethereum) internal view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 _tokenPriceInitial = tokenPriceInitial_ * 1e18;
        uint256 _tokensReceived =
         (
            (
                // underflow attempts BTFO
                SafeMath.sub(
                    (sqrt
                        (
                            (_tokenPriceInitial ** 2)
                            +
                            (2 * (tokenPriceIncremental_ * 1e18) * (_ethereum * 1e18))
                            +
                            ((tokenPriceIncremental_ ** 2) * (tokenSupply_ ** 2))
                            +
                            (2 * tokenPriceIncremental_ * _tokenPriceInitial*tokenSupply_)
                        )
                    ), _tokenPriceInitial
                )
            ) / (tokenPriceIncremental_)
        ) - (tokenSupply_);

        return _tokensReceived;
    }

    /**
     * @dev Calculate token sell value.
     *  It's an algorithm, hopefully we gave you the whitepaper with it in scientific notation;
     *  Some conversions occurred to prevent decimal errors or underflows / overflows in solidity code.
     */
    function tokensToEthereum_(uint256 _tokens) internal view returns (uint256) {
        uint256 tokens_ = (_tokens + 1e18);
        uint256 _tokenSupply = (tokenSupply_ + 1e18);
        uint256 _etherReceived =
        (
            // underflow attempts BTFO
            SafeMath.sub(
                (
                    (
                        (
                            tokenPriceInitial_ + (tokenPriceIncremental_ * (_tokenSupply / 1e18))
                        ) - tokenPriceIncremental_
                    ) * (tokens_ - 1e18)
                ), (tokenPriceIncremental_ * ((tokens_ ** 2 - tokens_) / 1e18)) / 2
            )
        / 1e18);

        return _etherReceived;
    }

    /// @dev This is where all your gas goes.
    function sqrt(uint256 x) internal pure returns (uint256 y) {
        uint256 z = (x + 1) / 2;
        y = x;

        while (z < y) {
            y = z;
            z = (x / z + z) / 2;
        }
    }


}

/**
 * @title SafeMath
 * @dev Math operations with safety checks that throw on error
 */
library SafeMath {

    /**
    * @dev Multiplies two numbers, throws on overflow.
    */
    function mul(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        if (a == 0) {
            return 0;
        }
        uint256 c = a * b;
        assert(c / a == b);
        return c;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Integer division of two numbers, truncating the quotient.
    */
    function div(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        // assert(b > 0); // Solidity automatically throws when dividing by 0
        uint256 c = a / b;
        // assert(a == b * c + a % b); // There is no case in which this doesn't hold
        return c;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Substracts two numbers, throws on overflow (i.e. if subtrahend is greater than minuend).
    */
    function sub(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        assert(b <= a);
        return a - b;
    }

    /**
    * @dev Adds two numbers, throws on overflow.
    */
    function add(uint256 a, uint256 b) internal pure returns (uint256) {
        uint256 c = a + b;
        assert(c >= a);
        return c;
    }

}