Question: Eruption of Deciduous Maxillary Lateral incisor occur at


Question: Bacterial communication with each other in a biofilm is known as


Question: In class III Ellis fracture


Question: Bacteria most commonly isolated from root canals is


Question: Hardener in gypsum is


Question: Pit and fissure sealants are bound to tooth surface by


Question: Keyes triad does not include


Question:
The anterior cranial base is a suitable for superimposition
of serial cephalograms because of its

Being the most anterior aspect of the cranial base


Question: Gross debridement, lubrication, microbial destruction and tissue dissolution are done by this irrigating solution


Question: In a denture wearing patient, there is

Independent of denture, there is bone resorption

Initial bone resorption, followed by bone formation


Question: An 8 year old female presents to the dental clinic due to the increasing gaps between her upper front teeth. Her parents reveal to the doctor that she constantly has her fingers in the mouth despite being reminded.  On clinical examination it was noted that the  labial flaring and protrusive spacing of maxillary anterior teeth and increased overjet was present. The condition the girl is currently having can be best described as

If the intensity of the habit persists or increases and adverse dental and skeletal changes are noted beyond age 4 years, corrective measures may be needed to avoid undesirable occlusal problems. By the age of 6to 7 years, estimates indicate that approximately 10% to 15% of children have a persistent digit-sucking habit that runs the gamut from incidental sucking at bedtime to pronounced habits that seems to be almost constant. Almost all authorities recognize that persistent digit-sucking habits extending into the incisor transition period can cause a malocclusion or aggravate an already existing one. Pressure generated from the habit can produce changes in the anterior segments of the dental arches, with labial flaring and protrusive spacing of maxillary anterior teeth and increased overjet. Remodeling of the maxillary alveolar process and vertical displacement of the maxillary anterior teeth can result in an open-bite relationship.


Question:
The most successful treatment for a vital primary second
molar with a large carious and pulpal exposure is


Question: A 5 year old male child has multiple hyperpigmented macules over the trunk. On rubbing the lesion with the rounded end of a pen, he developed uicarial wheal, confined to the border of the lesion. The most likely diagnosis is

Uicaria is characterized by large, irregularly shaped pruritic, erythematous wheels Special forms of uicaria have special features (Dermographism, cholinergic uicaria, solar uicaria, or cold uicaria) Most incidents are acute and self-limited over a period of 1-2 weeks Chronic uicaria (episodes lasting> 6 weeks) may have an autoimmune basis The most common immunologic mechanism is hypersensitivity mediated by IgE, seen for most patients with acute uicaria The morphology of the lesions may vary over a period of minutes to hours, resulting in geographic or bizarre, pattern, true uicaria last less than 24 hours and often only 2-4 hours. The most common cause of acute uicaria are foods, viral infections, and medications Diagnosis - In vivo allergy skin testing and in vitro RAST testing Determination of serum tryptase (Increased in anaphylaxis, systemic mastocytosis, non-IgE mediated disease ("anaphylactoid reaction") ACE inhibitors and Angiotensin II receptors antagonist therapy is contraindicated. Uicaria pigmentosa (mastocytosis) - consists of multiple irregularly shaped hyperpigmented macule which may present on the trunk and extremities. Stroking the skin through the lesion with a blunt instrument elicits the classical "triple response of Lewis" called Darier's sign Treatment - Avoids taking drugs of Aspirin, NSAID', drugs, morphine, codeine, procaine, thiamine, polymyxin B, and alcohol. The mainstay of treatment initially includes HI antihistamines (Hydroxyzine, cyproheptadine, Loratadine Doxepin (TCA) - very effective in chronic uicaria. Uicarial vasculitis may be seen as pa of serum sickness, associated with fever and ahralgia. charecteristic lesions are weals persisting beyond 24 hrs and associated with pain. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1235

Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation


Question: Mouth breathing is an example of

Non pressure habits are habits, which do not apply a direct force on the teeth or its supporting structure. Mouth breathing is an example of non pressure habit.


Question: Retarder in zinc oxide eugenol is

Setting Time and Factors Affecting ZOE:
The normal reactivity between zinc oxide and eugenol is very limited and must be accelerated in order for the material to have a practical clinical application. Acceleration of the set may be achieved by:

Incorporating chemical accelerators in the mix (the most efficient and predictable way of controlling the setting time).
Reducing the powder particle size, providing for accelerated reactivity.
Increasing the powder: Liquid ratio (of limited effect in reducing the setting time).
Increasing the percentage of rosin and fillers.
Increasing the temperature and/or humidity.
Adding water to the original mix or after mixing is complete and seated into the preparation.
Introducing greater energy in the mixing procedure (pressure-movement and time).

A delay in setting is rarely needed. This is accomplished by adding vegetable oils or glycerin which keep the mass plasticized for a long period of time.
Ref: Marzouk’s operative dentistry page no 263


Question: Ecthyma gangrenosum is caused by

Ecthyma gangrenosum (EG) is a rare skin infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. EG is usually seen in immunocompromised and critically ill patients. Almost all EG lesions occur in patients with pseudomonas sepsis. It has rarely been repoed in the absence of sepsis or among healthy subjects. The characteristic lesions of EG are hemorrhagic vesicles and pustules that evolve into necrotic ulcers surrounded by a tender erythematous border. iadvl Textbook of dermatology page 243


Question: Nigh guard vital bleaching is done using

H2O2 activated with thermo/Photo catalytic technique


Question: Most common site of Necrobiosis lipioidica diabeticorum is

Necrobiosis lipoidica: etiology: diabetes mellitus leading to angiopathy histology: palisade get granuloma around a degenerated collagen Clinical features: erythematous papules,plaques,on shins symmetrically distributed, surface smooth waxy shiny. Central atrophy and ulceration with telengiectasia. Most common site of necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum Shins. association: diabetes-75% inflammatory bowel disease ,sarcoidosis, an a vasculitis syndromes treatment: intralesional steroids excision and grafting chloroquine control of diabetes has no specific effect on skin Iadvl textbook of dermatology page 1196


Question: Target lesions are characteristic of

Target lesions- Iris lesions: these are pathognomic of erythema multiforme. commonly found on the extremities especially hands. there are three zones of color change: 1. central dark or sometimes blistered area 2.surrounded by pale odematous zone 3.inturn rimmed by another zone of odema IADVL textbook of dermatology, principles of clinical diagnosis,page 106.

Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation


Question: The PHP index is designed to

Evaluate plaque and calculus on specific tooth surfaces


Question: Pseudo koebner's sign is seen in

Koebner's phenomenon is appearance of new lesions when a normal skin is stroked because of autoimmune response to trauma.
Pseudo / False koebner's phenomenon is seen in warts or molluscum contagiosum where new lesions appear because of spread of infection.


Question: Berloque dermatitis is due to contact with

Berloque dermatitis By 5-methoxypsoralen (bergapten) in bergamot oil contained in perfumes. Term arose from the method of applying perfume to the sides of the neck and upper chest in a pendant shape (berloque is French for pendant). Wavelengths of UV light above 320 nm and hot humid conditions our absorption. Deep-brown pigmentation follows the pattern formed by the trickle of the droplets of perfume over the skin from their points of application.


Question: The common etiology of periodontitis is


Question: DMF teeth


Question:
A twenty year old female patient comes to the clinic with discoloration of the upper right central incisor. This tooth was intact and otherwise asymptomatic.

The most likely cause for the discoloration in this patient would be


Question: Treatment of lepra 1reaction is

Coicosteroids are the drug of choice for the treatment of moderate to severe type 1 reaction. iadvl textbook of dermatology page 2082


Question: K flex file is made from


Question: With the increase in age keratinisation of gingiva


Question: Listing conditions in some order of severity without attempting to define any mathematical relation between categories is


Question: Gingivitis appears on the radiograph as


Question: Enameloplasty

Fissures are broadened and made self-cleansable


Question: The stabbing nature of pain in trigeminal neuralgia mimics pain caused by


Question: The inorganic component of plaque is primary


Question: The tendency for drifting of posterior teeth into extraction space is more in


Question: Operator notes the lifting of tray with impression with protrusion of tongue, it should be readapted in


Question: Quincke's disease is

Angioedema is an area of swelling of the lower layer of skin and tissue just under the skin or mucous membranes.The swelling may occur in the face, tongue, larynx, abdomen, or arms and legs. Often it is associated with hives, which are swelling within the upper skin.Onset is typically over minutes to hours Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1567


Question: Prolonged use of topical steroids causes

Prolonged usage of topical steroids causes open-angle glaucoma. Posterior subcapsular cataracts are induced by long-term systemic steroids. Patients develop open-angle glaucoma paicularly if predisposed. Precise mechanism is unknown but due to decreased aqueous outflow. Topical coicosteroids induce a rise in IOP faster than systemic steroids. Topical coicosteroids predispose to cataract, glaucoma and secondary surface infections. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1234


Question: Upper molars have following occlusal view


Question: The objective of the access cavity preparation is to gain direct access to


Question:
Water powder ratio of dental stone and plaster is
respectively


Question: Toxicity of AH26 sealer is due release of


Question: Available denture bearing area for edentulous maxilla is

Researchers have computed the available denture bearing area to be 22.96 cm2  for maxilla and 12.25 cm2  for mandible.


Question: Closing of midline diastema by using a removable appliance

Reciprocal stationary compound anchorage


Question: A patient presents with single hypopigmented anaesthetic patch with satellite lesion on forearm. The most likely diagnosis is


Question: Blue vire technology is used in


Question:
Type I and type II zinc oxide impression paste
differ with respect to


Question: Crown completion of Mandibular 2nd premolar occur


Question: Cementicles are found in the


Question: A 45 year old male has multiple grouped vesicular lesions present on the TN segment dermatome associated with pain. The most likely diagnosis is

Painful vesicles along the distribution of a dermatome suggest the diagnosis of Herpes zoster.


Question: Most common problem faced with single etch adhesive system is


Question: Color changes seen in ANUG may


Question: Lower primary 1st molar has


Question: The most difficult source of infection among the following to control is


Question:
In preparing a primary molar for a stainless steel crown,
the surface requiring the least amount of reduction is


Question: The components of fourth generation dentin bonding systems are described as

As in the fourth-generation adhesives, enamel and dentin are etched simultaneously; these systems were initially called the “total-etch” technique, now they are commonly known as the “three-step etch-and-rinse” technique.
Ref : Talal A, Nasim HM, Khan AS. Enamel etching and dental adhesives. InAdvanced Dental Biomaterials 2019 Jan 1 (pp. 229-253). Woodhead Publishing


Question: Griseofulvin is not useful in

griseofulvin and oral terbinafine are not usefu in the treatment of pityriasis versicolor iadvl textbook of dermatologypage 260


Question: Most common reason for failure of rest seat in RPD is


Question: "Black dot" ringworm is caused by

Tinea capitis can be either ectothrix or endothrix type of infection. hair can be infected with Trichophyton and Microsporum fugai. Ectothrix are usually inflammatory and caused by microsporum and endothrix are usually non inflammatory and caused by trichophyton. Tinea capitis is classified into Non inflammatory and inflammatory types. Non Inflammatory: Black dot Grey patch Inflammatory Kerion Favus So black dot is non inflammatory endothrix type of infection caused by trichophyton Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1324


Question: The ugly duckling stage is seen at the age of


Question: Eruption of Deciduous Mandibular Canine occur at


Question: Alveolar process helps in providing

Support and retention to the complete denture

Attachment to muscles of facial expression


Question: Microwave curing of acrylic resin depicts


Question: Type III Dental gypsum is

Type 3 OR dental stone, model
Synonym  Class I stone or Hydrocal
Uses
For preparing master casts and to make molds.


Question: Annular herald (mother) patch is seen in

Pityriasis Rosea (PR) Etiology:- A virus (HHV-7 more frequently, HHV-6 less frequently) has often been incriminated. Morphology:- Herald patch Is the first lesion of PR and is seen in about 80% of patients. Oval lesions with wrinkled, salmon pink centre and collarette of scales at the periphery. Scales are attached just within leading edge and free towards the center. Secondary lesions:- Begin as scaly papules, which enlarge to form oval annular plaques similar to herald patch Are smaller, less scaly and less erythematous than herald patch. Are arranged characteristically: the long axis of patches runs downwards and outwards from the spine, along the lines of the ribs (fir tree or Christmas tree appearance, Sites of predilection:- Trunk, along lines of cleavage. Sometimes (in 20% of patients) lesions occur predominantly on extremities and neck (inverse pattern). Points for diagnosis:- PR is characterized by: Presence of herald patch (in 80% of patients). Eruption consisting of erythematous, oval annular plaques with a peripheral collarette of scales. Typical distribution on the trunk (fir tree appearance). Ref:-NEENA KHANNA; pg num:-53,54,55

Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation


Question: The term "Serial extraction" was coined by


Question: Bennett movement is

Direct Lateral side shift of the mandible that occurs simultaneously with Lateral mandibular excursion

Direct lateral side shift of the mandible that occurs simultaneously with medial mandibular excursion

Direct medial side shift with medial mandibular excursion

Direct lateral side shift with medial mandibular excursion


Question: Length of spreader short of working length


Question: Pulp Extirpating instrument among the following is


Question: The following sign is seen in

The above image shows presence of pink to violaceous erythema over periorbital areas called as " Heliotrope rash" classically seen in Dermatomyositis.


Question: On the basis of type of well as duration of Cervical 1/3 root fracture is splinted for

Splinting should always be semirigid or flexible to prevent ankylosis


Question: Bundle bone is part of


Question: Eichosapentaenoic acid is present in


Question: Wax pattern for casting is made up of


Question: The labiodental sounds are


Question: Wax used in inlay cast metal fabrication


Question: Dermatitis herpetiformis is associated with

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic disease of the skin marked by groups of watery, itchy blisters that may resemble pimples or blisters.DH is a hereditary autoimmune gluten intolerance disease linked with celiac disease. If you have DH, you always have gluten intolerance Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1234


Question: The most common dental procedure contributing to vertical root fracture is


Question: Eccrine glands are involved in

Miliara is a common acute to sub-acute skin condition that arises due to the occlusion or disruption of eccrine sweat ducts in hot humid conditions There are three types Miliaria crystalline Miliaria rubra Miliaria profunda Disorders of the sweat glands: Eccrine sweat glands Hyperhidrosis Hypohidrosis and anhidrosis Miliaria Apocrine sweat glands Apocrine bromhidrosis Apocrine chromhidrosis Fox-Fordyce disease Hidradenitis Suppurativa Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1278


Question: According to ADA specification No or number 1, the minimum compressive strength for silver amalgam filling after one hour should be


Question: Camouflage treatment is best avoided in

Mild to moderate skeletal Class II malocclusions

Patients in the age of growth modulation


Question: Treatment of mycosis fungoides is

Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T cell lymphoma Etio: - Unknown, sometime HTLV I virus- It is MC cutaneous lymphoma Histological findings : 1. Sezary cells - Sezary cell are malignant lymphocytes with increased cell size and convoluted nucleus aka Cerebriform nucleus 2. Epidermo tropism - affection to move towards the epidermis3. Pautrier's microabscess Prognosis: poor (fatal) T/t - Radiotherapy - full skin electron beam therapy


Question: Dean's technique refers to a form of


Question: Corrosion product of high copper amalgam


Question: Nikoisky sign is seen in

Nikolsky's sign : Development of an erosion on surrounding normal skin following shearing pressure . Epidermis will be detached like a sheet. It indicates acantholysis. Though this sign is characteristic for pemphigus group of disorders is not specific and can be elicited in burns and other skin disorders like toxic epidermal necrolysis,staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome Page no. 281,25 Reference IADVL's concise textbook of dermatology


Question: The tooth most likely to cause lateral balancing interferences in an anterior guidance oclusal scheme is


Question: As per ADA No. 25, minimum amount of setting expansion required for type V gypsum productis


Question: If prevalence of disease is high in population, requires


Question: Parakeratosis is

Normally nucleus will be lost in keratinocytes when they reach stratum corneum.
Presence of nucleated keratinocytes in stratum corneum is seen in psoriasis because of decrease in transit time - termed as " parakeratosis"

Nucleated keratinocytes in stratum corneum


Question: Best property of high copper amalgam as compare to low copper


Question: Most efficient removal of hard tissue is done by


Question: The orthodontic diagnosis focuses on

There are two types of smiles: the posed or social smile, and the emotional smile.
The social smile is reproducible, and is the one that is presented to the world routinely.
The emotional smile varies with the emotion being displayed.
The social smile is the focus of orthodontic diagnosis.
Contemporary orthodontics, Proffit, 4th edition page 186


Question: Low risk type of HPV

HPV Human papilloma virus More than 200 types known .100 have been sequenced. These virus invade squamous epithelium and trigger cell proliferation. Viruses mainly being transmitted by fomites ,scratching, and auto inoculation. Low risk type-6 and 11 {Reference: IADVL textbook of dermatology, vishalakshi Vishwanath pg no.67.}


Question: Pogonion is

Most inferior point on the contour of the chin

Lowest point on the syrn physeal outline

Most posterior inferior point on the angle of the mandible

Anterior most point on the contour of the chin


Question: Vital bleaching temperature

The temperature safely tolerated by pulp is 115-140 °F


Question:
One of the following adjunctive aids, necessary to check
on the efficacy of oral prophylaxis for young patient


Question: The cells that form secondary dentin are


Question: The percentage of inorganic matter in fully developed enamel is about

Enamel contains 96% of inorganic material and 4% of organic material. The inorganic material is mainly composed of hydroxyappatite crystals.


Question: A random sample suggests that

A person in a control group will not be a member of the experimental group

Any member of a group to be studied has an equal opportunity to be included in the study


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of Upper central incisor is seen in


Question: Setting time of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is


Question: Addition of 4% potassium sulfate and 0.4% borax to impression plaster helps in


Question: Mentalis muscle contraction causes the lower lip to


Question: High heat obturation technique is


Question: K Flex file is


Question: The position of internal bevel incision for gingivectomy surgeries is at

With a #15 Bard-Parker blade, the initial scalloped internal bevel incision is made at least 3 mm coronal to the mucogingival junction, including the creation of new interdental papillae.
The same blade is used to thin the gingival tissues in a buccolingual direction to the mucogingival junction. At this point the blade establishes contact with the alveolar bone, and a full-thickness or a split-thickness flap is elevated.


Question: Electronic device is contraindicated in


Question: Dermatitis and alopecia may occur due to deficiency of

zinc is a trace element necessary for maintaining healthy skin , healing of wounds, growth,fetaal development and brain functions zinc deficiency acrodermatitis enteropathica- dermatitis around orifices, nonscarring alopecia, glossitis, diarrhoea.growth retardation. Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1345


Question: Ideal speed for most rotary NiTi Instrument is

Most endodontic rotary systems are used in the speed range of 300-350 RPM. Light speed is ued at 1200 rpm


Question: The "Suture dominance theory" of craniofacial growth was given by


Question: The following material with a hemostatic effect can be used as a substitute for Formocresol Pulpotomy


Question: Crown infarction is

An incomplete fracture of enamel without loss of tooth structure


Question: Enamel spindles are formed by


Question: An ideal result of endodontic treatment is


Question: Xylitol is


Question: Dental instrument used with a 'Push' motion is


Question: Floor of sinus is closest to the


Question: Nonspecilic biochemical mediators are

pyruvic acid, prostaglandins, and aspartic acid.

arachidonic acid and the complement system.

histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins, and leukotriencs.


Question: Binder in Phosphate bonded investment is

Magnesium oxide & Monoammonium phosphate


Question: Localised shrinkage porosity increases by


Question: In cavity preparation, line angle is

The junction of two plane surfaces of different orientation along a line


Question: The temperature (in °F) of the mixing slab for silicate cements should be

Mixing Silicate Cement:
Starting with the large segment, the powder is incorporated in the liquid one segment at a time, using the spatula in a rapid folding manner and using light pressure. Each segment is mixed only until wet throughout and the next segment is then immediately added. Since the gel structure is almost completely formed after 1 minute, the total mixing time should not exceed 60 seconds. The normal setting time of silicate cement is between 3 and 8 minutes. The only safe way to maintain and prolong the setting reaction is to lower the temperature of the mixing slab. Slabs are usually cooled between 65º and 76º F for mixing, if this is not below the point where moisture condenses on the slab. To avoid disturbing the gel, the mix must be completed in 1 minute, so the reaction will occur when the material is confined and conformed in the cavity preparation.


Question: Following is a bacterial infection

Pitted keratolysis shallow pits on palms and soles causative organism: coryneform bacteria most common in: hyperhidrotics, marshy lands, housewives treatment: topical antibacterials pyoderma gangrenous: neutrophilic dermatosis of skin and mucous membranes impetigo herpitiformis: pustular psoriasis of pregnancy mycosis fungicides: cutaneous T cell lymphoma iadvl textbook of dermatology page 237


Question: Crocus cloth is


Question: Radius of action of toxins in the bacterial plaque is


Question: Horizontal rotational tendency is seen in a mandibular class I RPD to the patients left is resisted by the denture bases by

The Lingual slope of the left alveolar ridge and the buccal slope of the right alveolar ridge

The lingual slope of the right alveolar ridge and buccal slope of the left alveolar ridge

By the lingual slope of the right and left alveolar ridge

By the buccal slope of the left and right alveolar ridge


Question: Corpus rotation in relation to cranium is known as


Question: Air abrasion


Question: As the sample size increases standard deviation


Question: The appliance used for uprighting of molar is

A partial fixed appliance to upright tipped molars consists of bonded brackets on the premolars and canine in that quadrant and either a bonded rectangular tube on the molar or a molar band.
If the molar is severely tipped, a continuous wire that uprights the molar will have side effects (which almost always are undesirable) on the position and inclination of the second premolar. For that reason it is better to carry out the bulk of the uprighting by using an auxiliary uprighting spring.

Removable appliance with long labial bow


Question:
In a 2 year old child maxillary deciduous central incisor
is intruded by 4mm. Treatment is


Question: Bennett angle is formed between sagittal plane and the average path of the advancing condyle as viewed in horizontal plane during


Question: Teeth that are most resistant to nursing bottle caries


Question: Biomechanism that unites the epithelium to the tooth surface is


Question: Crown completion of Maxillary 1st molar occur


Question: In gingivitis, the immunoglobulins are consistent with the increase in number of


Question:
As per American Dental Association (ADA) Type III oral
examination includes

Screening using tongue depressor and available illumination

Screening using mouth mirror and available illumination

Inspection, using mouth mirror and adequate illumination

Inspection using explore and adequate illumination


Question: Calculate D3 for file with 2% taper, and D0 = 0.1 mm


Question: Scissor bite is seen in


Question: The predominant organism found in smears of ANUG is


Question: Causative organism is

Pediculosis pubis is caused by the pubic louse, Pthirus pubis, by infesting human pubic hair. The species may also live in other areas with hair, including the eyelashes, causing pediculosis ciliaris. The crab louse or pubic louse (Pthirus pubis) is an insect that is an obligate ectoparasite of humans, feeding exclusively on blood .The crab louse usually is found in the person's pubic hair. Although the louse cannot jump, it can also live in other areas of the body that are covered with coarse hair, such as the eyelashes. infestation in human: Infestation of crab lice is known as pediculosis pubis or phthiriasis pubis. Infestation of the eyelashes is referred to as pediculosis ciliaris or phthiriasis palpebrarum.The main symptom of infestation with crab lice is itching, usually in the pubic-hair area, resulting from hypersensitivity to louse saliva, which can become stronger over two or more weeks following initial infestation. In some infestations, a characteristic grey-blue or slate coloration appears (maculae caeruleae) at the feeding site, which may last for several days. Types of Pediculosis and their causative organisms. Disease Lice Common Name Pediculosis capitis Pediculus humanus var.capitis Head louse Pediculosis corporis Pediculus humanus var.corporis Body louse Pediculosis Pubis Phthirus pubis Pubic louse, crab louse ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1308


Question: The term TUG BACK is used to indicate

Good fit of accessory gutta-percha point at the apical third

Good fit of master gutta-percha point at the apical third

Good fit of accessory cone in the main body of the canal

Good fit of the initial file at the apical third


Question:
The following is	not a	communicative	management
technique according to American Academy of Pediatric
dentistry's standards


Question: Porcelain jacket crowns are contraindicated in

Excessive vertical overlap with little horizontal overlap


Question: Pulpal pain is most intense in


Question: 'Scissors bite' is a term used to describe

Anterior posterior crowing with deep bite

The type of cross bite where maxillary segments contains full mandibular segments


Question: Enterococcus faecalis in post treatment periodontitis

Disinfected with saline and hydrogen peroxide


Question:
The most frequent cause of fracture of a root tip
during extraction of a primary molar is

Root resorption between apex and bifurcation


Question: In Bonwill's equilateral triangle the apex of triangle is located at

At the prominent part of chin upper central

At the anteriormost part of lower central incisor


Question: Lesions of Neavus of OTA commonly involves the following cranial nerve

Nevus of Ota (Nevus Fuscocaeruleus Ophthalmomaxillaris) Melanocytes that have not migrated completely from the neural crest to the epidermis during the embryonic stage . Asian population most commonly affected, usually congenital * Malignant melanoma has been repoed to develop in a nevus of Ota Clinical findings:- Blue to gray speckled macules or patches. Unilateral (90%). Can be bilateral. (Hori nevus: acquired bilateral blue/gray macules, no mucosal involvement). Forehead, temple, malar area, or periorbital skin (Branches of V1 and V2); mucosal involvement is possible and may involve the sclera, conjunctiva (oculodermal melanocytosis) and tympanic membrane; increased risk of glaucoma (10%). Histology ;- Dendritic melanocytes are present and surrounded by fibrous sheaths; dermal melanophages, 5 types based on the locations of the dermal melanocytes, which are (1) superficial, (2) superficial dominant, (3) diffuse, (4) deep dominant, and (5) deep. Treatment:- Q-switched: alexandrite, Nd:YAG, and ruby lasers. Ref:- Dermatology pictorial review by Asra Ali; pg num;-165

Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation


Question: Cognitive theory of child development was given by


Question: The first country to adopt salt fluoridation was


Question: The ratio of upper anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height in normal occlusion cases is


Question: Simple and effective index of monitoring periodontal status of individual by general practitioner is


Question: Lingual fixed appliance is used in


Question: Male with patchy loss of scalp hair, eyebrows & beard with grey hair

Patchy loss, exclamation mark hair, autoimmune - Alopecia areata Alopecia areata is the commonest cause of patchy alopecia. Loss of Hair following a stress, infection etc - Telogen effluvium Loss of hair after Chemotherapy - Anagen effluvium Frontotemporal Recession - Androgenetic alopecia


Question: In future replacement of questionable mandibular teeth is anticipated, the major connector of choice is


Question: Circumferential clasp is

Retentive arm Lies at the occlusal third

Encircles the tooth from the point of origin


Question: Rate of primary dentin formation is

Secondary dentin forms at a slower rate (1μm/day) than primary dentin (4μm/day) and regularly but not uniformly—more formation is seen on the roof and floor of the pulp chamber. Hence this dentin is also known as regular secondary dentin. If the dentin forms as a reaction to an irritant (trauma or dental caries) to protect the pulp, it is called reparative/reactive/tertiary/irregular dentin


Question:
In Snyder's Test, the saliva is said to be highly cariogenic
if colour change is observed at (hrs)


Question: Sodium hypochlorite in caridex is used in concentration of


Question: Clinical signs of gingivitis appear in


Question: Adequate interocclusal rest space required for the comfort of the patient and health of the tissue is


Question: The major disadvantage of treatment using a cervical head gear is

So cervical head gear is used in patients with low mandibular plane angle and deep bite.


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of Upper 3rd molar is seen in


Question: The advantage of resin teeth over porcelain teeth is


Question: Row of tombstones is seen in

row of tomb stones: it is a histopathological finding seen in pemphigus vulgaris in pemphigus vulgaris loss of coherence between keratinocytes leads to cleft and bullae in suprabasal zone. the basal cells remain attached to basement membrane but separated with each other producing a row of tomb stone appearence, characteristic of pemphigus vulgaris IADVL textbook of dermatology page 1099


Question: Avulsed tooth dip into the citric acid because


Question: Extractions can be done in ANUG patients after


Question: Most numerous fibers in dental pulp are


Question: Impression plaster is


Question: Linear coefficient of thermal expansion of composites is

Linear coefficient of thermal expansion:

TOOTH : 9-11 PPM/ oC
AMALGAM : 25
GOLD : 15
COMPOSITES : 40
GIC : 25
DENTAL WAXES : HIGHEST 260-600 PPM/ oC

Reference- Sturdevant 6th ed P:237


Question: Interfacial surface tension does not act as a retentive factor in lower complete denture due to lack of


Question: Mottled enamel due to


Question: Over contoured crowns are most often the result of


Question: The primary response of the pulp to tissue destruction is


Question:
Least width of attached gingiva is found on the facial
aspect of


Question: Crown completion of Maxillary 2nd molar occur


Question: Wrench like grip is obtained with


Question: Calcipotriene is a

A topical vitamin D analogue (calcipotriene) and a retinoid (tazarotene) are also efficacious in the treatment of limited psoriasis and have largely replaced other topical agents such as coal tar, salicylic acid, and anthralin. Ref: Harrison 19e pg: 348


Question: The most important diagnostic test to differentiate between an Acute periapical Abscess and a Phoenix Abscess is


Question: Repeated application of sodium or potassium flouride to teeth of children significantly reduced their caries prevalence. This was first demonstrated by


Question: Minocycline is not used in the 3 mix antibiotic paste because of only one adverse effect


Question: ANUG affects the


Question: The implant should be positioned atleast away from natural tooth.


Question: Sodium lauryi sulphate used in the toothpaste is


Question: Pomphylox affects

POMPHOLYX Also known as Dihydrotic eczema/ vesicular palmoplantar eczema. Pompholyx is an acute and recurrent dermatitis of hands and feet,characterised by pruritus and vesicular eruption. Etiology:-exactly not known. Endogenous eczemaBelieve to be a reaction to endogenous substance ,metallic,or other allergic sensitisation. Features:-1. Lesions preceded by a feeling of itching and burning several hours before the onset.2. Lesions begins over the side of fingers as tiny deep seated vesicles with a sago grain/tapioca pudding like appearance.3. Common sites:- palms and soles.4. Associated with volar hyperhydrosis . Treatment :-Cold compresses and potent topical steroids- relief from symptoms.Sho course of oral steroids- severe episodes. IADVL textbook of dermatology,page 507


Question: Standard force for evaluating periodontal pockets that have been found to be well tolerated is


Question: patient complaints of pruritis of eye creases ,over the face after returning back from her sunflower field .most likely diagnosis is

Definition * Atopic dermatitis is a very common, often chronic (long-lasting) skin disease that affects a large percentage of the world&;s population. It is also called eczema, dermatitis, treatment : # Combination of shod-term treatment to manage flares and longer-term strategies to help control symptoms between flares # Recommend gentle skin care * Tepid baths without washcloths or brushes * Mild soaps * Pat dry * Emollients: petrolatum and moisturizers * Use ointments or thick creams (no watery lotions) * Apply once to twice daily to whole body (within 3 minutes of bathing for optimal occlusion) # Identification and avoidance of triggers and irritants (such as wool and acrylic fabrics) ref : thomas habif 7th ed


Question: Gingival enlargement with leathery consistency with characteristic minutely pebbled surface is seen in


Question: The 'Red complex' associated with bleeding on probing is comprised of

E.corrodens, A.actinomycetem comitans, Capnocytophaga


Question: Community fluorosis index was given by


Question: Major connector should be


Question: Self etching primers

Simultaneously etch and prime dentin and enamel


Question: Most common accelerator in gypsum is


Question: Fractured metal parts in an RPD are best joined by


Question: The mandibular labial frenum is a fibrous band that can be influenced by


Question: Histological marker for dentin presence is


Question: Most of the failures of replanted tooth are due to


Question: Lines of Blaschko&;s represent

Blaschkos lines are linear patterns of migration of epidermal cells and other nevus cells they do not correspond to vascular lymphatic or neural distribution iadvl textbook of dermatology page 174


Question: BANA test measures activity of

BANA: A Chairside Test for Periodontal Risk
The BANA Test is a highly sensitive, inexpensive and easyto-use chairside test for periodontal risk. In just 5-minutes, the BANA Test can detect the bacteria associated with periodontal disease simply by applying tongue swabbings or subgingival plaques to a small test strip.
The BANA Test is a modification of the BANA hydrolysis test developed by Dr. Walter Loesche and colleagues at the Univ. of Michigan School of Dentistry. It exploits an unusual Trysin like enzyme found in Treponema denticola, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Bacteroides forsythus, three anaerobic bacteria highly associated with adult periodontitis. Of 60 subgingival plaque species, only these three possess an enzyme capable of hydrolyzing the the synthetic trypsin substrate, benzoyl-DL-argininenaphthylamide (BANA) present on BANA test strips. If any of the three species is present, they hydrolize the BANA enzyme producing B-naphthylamide which in turn reacts with imbedded diazo dye to produce a permanent blue color indicating a positive test.
How it works
For periodontal risk assessment, subgingival plaque is obtained with a curette. The samples are placed on the BANA test strip, which is then inserted into a slot on a small toaster-sized incubator. The incubator automatically heats the sample to 55° for 5 minutes. If P. gingivalis, B. forsythus or T. denticola are present, the test strip turns blue. The bluer it turns, the higher the concentration and the greater the number of organisms.


Question: Tanerella forsythus is a periodontal pathogen


Question: Acute fluoride toxicity is seen at

- 5.0 grams – in AIPG
- 2.2 grams – in PGI


Question:
While working with dental material the factor C is
associated with


Question: The given below sign is present in

The above shows the presence of "Dermatographism" where skin blanching is seen whenever it is stroked with a blunt object. This is a classical feature of Atopic dermatitis.


Question: The connective tissue cells of pulp are derived from

The pool of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

The pool of undifferentiated ectodermal cells


Question: Phoenix abscess is

Acute exacerbation of an existing chronic inflammation


Question: Endodontics term was coined by


Question: Most damaging feature of Class III malocclusion is


Question: Hanging curtain sign is seen in

A skin rash that sometimes begins as a large spot on the chest, abdomen or back, followed by a pattern of smaller lesions.


Question: Hypersensitivity reactions like contact dermatitis can be caused by


Question: Increases in steroid hormones are associated with significant increases in


Question: Plasma cells are mostly seen in one of the stages of gingivitis


Question: Shape of the anteriors in proximal view is


Question: The primary etiologic factor in the development of furcation defect is


Question: Water tree phenomenon is seen in

Water tree phenomenon is microscopic appearance in cured layer of dentin adhesive due to incomplete water evaporation. Seen in 7th generation Dentin Bonding Agent.


Question: Standard Deviation (SD) formula


Question: The gingival enlargements in leukemia mainly results from

Leukemic cellular infiltration of gingiva


Question: Main body of dentin is formed by


Question: Type II ZOE is

Long term luting agent for fixed prosthesis


Question: School water fluoridation was first initiated in


Question: World health day is on


Question: Epidermal Bullosa Acquisita is characterized by

Epidermal Bullosa Acquisita : Immunoglobulins against collagen 7
Epidermal Bullosa Dystrophica : absence of collagen 7


Question: Influence of condylar path over movements of mandible can be recorded using

Protrusive interocclusal record enables condylar guidance of articulator to be set to an approximation of paths of condylar movements of the mandible.


Question: Dehydration is the common concern in elderly edentulous patients because of


Question: Dennie Morgan fold is seen in

Dennie's line (Denny morgan fold) is an extra fold of skin beneath lower eyelid. It is characteristic of atopic dermatitis. It can simply be an ethnic/genetic trait,but was found in one study to occur in 25% of patients with atopic dermatitis.The presence of Dennie-Morgan folds can be used as a diagnostic marker for allergy with a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 76% according to one study Such folds are also common among ceain ethnic groups such as Blacks,Tatars, Slavs, Balts, and Finno-Ugric peoples and are not known to be associated with any medical condition in these *The pathophysiology of this sign is not clear. One proposed mechanism is that continuous spasm of the superior tarsal muscle and skin edema could be due to hypoxia from poor circulation. A Dennie-Morgan fold should not be confused with an "allergic shiner", a purple-gray discolouration beneath the lower eyelid. This is related to the accumulation of blood and other fluid in the infraorbital groove resulting from nasal congestion. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1233


Question: Ideal thickness of a free gingival graft obtained from the palate is


Question: Most symmetric premolar


Question: EDTA was introduced to endodontics by


Question: Infantile atopic dermatitis commonly involves

Infantile atopic dermatitis (2 months - 2 years): More commonly involves extensors.
Childhood atopic dermatitis (2 - 10 years): Commonly involves flexors
Adolescent atopic dermatitis (> 10 years): Commonly involves flexors, hand & feet.


Question: Most common age for incidence of gingivitis in children


Question: Putty consistency addition silicone is mixed by

Kneading with fingers while wearing gloves


Question: A special feature of the periodontal ligament fibroblasts is

Presence of actin fibres and shape change


Question: In wof Wickham&;s striae are seen

Lichen Planus * Pruritic papular disease of skin and mucous membranes * Due to cell-mediated autoimmune reaction toward basal layer keratino-cytes; may be idiopathic, drug-related or infection-related (HCV) * 4P's: papular, pruritic, polygonal, purple * Often lasts 1-2 years (except oral and hyperophic forms, which typically have protracted courses) * Presents with intense pruritus and violaceous, smooth flat-topped papules and plaques with fine scale (Wickham's striae) over flexor wrists, forearms, legs, presacrum and other areas, + Koebner phenomenon * No conclusive evidence to suppo association with autoimmune disease (per Bolognia); difficult to determine if true HLA association Histology:- * Hyperkeratosis (without parakeratosis) * | Granular layer * Paially effaced rete ridges with widened papillae ('sawtooth' appearance) * Vacuolar change of basal layer with colloid bodies * Band-like lymphocytic infiltrate at dermoepidemal junction * Dermal melanophages Treatment:- superpotent topical coicosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibi tors, intralesional or systemic coicosteroid, phototherapy, methotrexate, acitretin, metronidazole (latter for erosive oral form). Ref:- Sima Jain; pg num:- 106,108


Question: Nutrition for ameloblasts after 1st layer of enamel is laid is


Question: Bone adjacent to periodontal ligament that contains a great number of sharpey's fibres is known as


Question: 'Articulators'


Question: The instrument that has four unit formula


Question: "Munro micro abscesses " are

"Munro micro abscesses " : neutrophils in stratum.corneum
Spongiform pustules of kogoj :  neutrophils in stratum.spinosum
Both are seen in psoriasis.
Pautrier's abscess : Atypical lymphocytes in stratum.spinosum -seen in Mycosis fungoides.

Atypical lymphocytes seen in  stratum.spinosum

Atypical lymphocytes seen in stratum.corneum


Question: The Limits of hinge movement in terminal hinge position of the mandible is about


Question: Fir tree pattern lesion is seen in

Fir tree pattern of distribution of lesions is characteristic of pityriasis rosea also called Christmas tree pattern. This typical pattern occur due to long axis of lesions developing along the tension lines running parallel to ribs on the trunk. Psoriasis lesions are distributed over the extensor aspects of body pityriasis versicolor lesions are distributed over the seborrheic areas as the malassezia yeast is lipophilic. pemphigoid lesions are mainly distributed over trunk and extremities. iadvl textbook of dermatology page 376


Question: Epithelial attachment is derived from


Question: The least favourable form of attempted repair of the root fracture is

Healing with interposition of connective tissue

Interposition of bone and connective tissue


Question: Terminal mandibular molar anchor teeth requiring preparations involving the distal surface; retainer used is


Question: In an endodontic file, D2 will be


Question: Fins in casting are seen


Question: Eczema herpeticum is caused by

Eczema herpeticum/ kaposis varicelliform eruption cutaneous eruption caused by herpes simplex infection or other viruses in patients with preexiting dermatosis most commonly associated with atopic dermatitis eruption is disseminated and predilection over the areas with rash. onset is abrupt with Ulster's of umbilicated lesions in preexisting dermatosis diagnosis: thank smear- multinucleated gaint cells,pcr treatment : acyclovir other viruses causing eczema herpeticum: vaccinia, coxasackie virus a 16 associated skin diseases that trigger eczema herpeticum: mycosis fungoides, pityriasis rubra Polaris,irritant contact dermatitis, ichthyosaurs vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceous, Hayley Hayley disease, seborrhoea dermatitisburns iadvl textbook of dermatology.page 245


Question: Radio opacity of composite resins is rendered by


Question: Praterm baby is


Question: In the posterior maxilla, the pontic of choice is


Question: Hanau H2 articulator has a intercondylar distance of


Question: In children below 5 years of age, most common cause of gingivitis is


Question: Forecast of probable cause and outcome of an attack of the disease and prospects of recovery as indicated by nature of disease and symptoms of the case


Question: Suprabony pockets are also known as


Question: Root crown ratio of permanent teeth is about


Question: Uniform reduction on the tooth surface may be ensured by the placement of


Question: Occlusal loading resulting in tooth flexure, mechanical microfractures, and loss of tooth substance in the cervical area is

Wasting diseases of the teeth include erosion (corrosion; may be caused by acidic beverages), abrasion (caused by mechanical wear as with toothbrushing with abrasive dentifrice), attrition (due to functional contact with opposing teeth), and abfraction (flexure due to occlusal loading).


Question: The “Shoe Leather Survey” was given by

Fluoride was established as the causative factor for mottling of enamel through the historical studies conducted by Trendley H. Dean, known  as the "Shoe Leather Survey".


Question: The function of wetting agents used in casting procedures is

The surface of a wax pattern that is not completely wetted investment results in surface irregularities in the casting that destroy its accuracy.
These irregularities can be minimized by applying a surface-active wetting agent on the wax.
The function of the wetting agent is to reduce the contact angle of a liquid with the wax surface.
Wetting agents also remove any oily film that is left on the wax pattern from the separating medium.
The contact angles are 98 degrees for the plain wax surface and 61 degrees for the treated wax surface.
The lower contact angle indicates that the treated wax surface has an affinity for water, which results in the investment being able to spread more easily over the wax.
Because the surface-active agents are quite soluble, the wax pattern with water after the application defeats the purpose of their use.

To reduce contact angle of a liquid with the wax surface


Question: drug of choice for HIV patients with reiters disease complaining of ahritis and keratoderma blenorrhagicum

Reiters syndrome/ flies singer-Leroy disease: traid of urethritis , ahritis conjunctivitis Genetic predisposition: hla b 27 Causative organisms: Chlamydia trachomatis Salmonella Campylobacter Yersinia Shigella Clostridium diff iCal eah Clinical features: chronological appearance First manifestations: urethritis,conjunctivitis Ahritis Circulate Balan it is Ahritis: asymmetric , oligoaicular-predilection to lower extremity large joints, enthesitis( inflammation of tendons and ligaments at the sites of inseion into capsule or bone),sacroilitis. Rapid development of massive effusions. Sausage digitis-diffuse swelling of solitary finger or toe Joints: early morning stiffness and pain. Genitourinary: nonspecific urethritis, cervicitis, cystitis, hematuria, hydronephrosis,prostatitis, baholinitis,vaginitis, salpingitis Eye lesions: conjunctivitis,uveitis,iridocyclitis Cutaneous: keratoderma blemorrhagicum-hyper keratotic pustular lesions on erythematous base involving palms and soles.crusted thick horny lesions with thick scales circulate Balanitis-most common irregular moist superficial erosions or ulcers coalesce to form circinate lesions. ulceration over tongue-painless Cardiac: aoic is and hea block Renal- glomerulonephritis Investigations: Elevated acute phase reactants Elevated esr Jointfluid-pseudo sepsis- neutrophils>50000/ul, with reiters cells Radiology: enthesitis with periosteum reaction, asymmetric sacroilitis, spondylitis, non marginal syndesmophytes Conditions to be differentiated from reactive ahritis Treatment Ahritis: Physiotherapy, nsaids,indomethacin is the drug of choice. Dmards-sulfasalazine, methotrexate,hydroxychloroquine,prednisolone,acitretin in hiv patients Biological: infliximab,etanercept Cyclosporine, levamisole,gold,pencillamine. Skin and mucus membranes: topical keratolytis, topical coicosteroids,methotrexate,acetretin Iadvl textbook


Question: Hertwig's epithelial root sheath is made up of

Hertwig's root sheath includes the outer and inner enamel epithelium only. It does not include the stratum intermedium and stellate reticulum.


Question: Best marginal integrity is obtained with


Question: A distal shoe type of space maintainer is indicated in

If the primary 2nd molar is lost before the eruption of permanent 1st molar

If the primary 2nd molar is lost after the eruption of permanent 1st molar


Question: According to US FDA, the machine used for taking intraoral radiographs is classified as


Question: Number of enamel rods has been estimated in lower incisors as


Question: Crown completion of Mandibular Canine occur


Question: Dontrix gauge is used for


Question: "Annular herald patch" is found in

Pityriasis roses is characterised by herald patch/ mother patch it is the first manifestation of disease in 50% of patients it is a well defined erythematous oval or round lesion 2-10 cm diameter with typical colarette of scale at the margin Most common sites - chest back,abdomen extremities. widespread rash appear after herald patch in a span of 5-15 days.


Question: The probing pressure applied by CPITN probe


Question: Fibronectin is used in periodontal therapy as


Question: Crown completion of Maxillary 1st premolar occur


Question: Multinucleate giant cells are seen in Tzanck smear in

In viral infections, Tzanck test shows multinucleated giant cells ("Tzanck cells") in center. Tzanck smear, is scraping of an ulcer base to look for Tzanck cells. It is sometimes also called the chickenpox skin test and the herpes skin test, varicella zoster virus skin test. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1256


Question: Cast perforated resin retained FPD for posterior teeth was first described by

This concept was expanded to replacement of posterior teeth by Livaditis. Perforated retainers were used to increase resistance and retention.


Question: "Medlar bodies" are seen in

Golden brown coloured fungal cells seen in chromoblastomycosis are called as "Medlar or copper penny" bodies.


Question: In children, the most common lesion in anterior teeth are due to

- In children, the most common lesion in anterior teeth are due to nursing bottle caries.
- These lesions begin on the labial surface of all anterior and they progress rapidly as diffused demineralization of the entire surface of all existing teeth.


Question: Ingram regimen is used in treatment of

Ingram's regimen used to treat psoriasis tar bath followed by irradiation with minimal erythema dose with UVB followed by application of dithranol/anthralin paste. goekermans regimen is application of coal tar for 22hrs followed by tar bath and exposure to UVB. IADVL textbook of dermatology page 1043


Question: Treatment of choice of sweet syndrome is


Question: Pain of cracked tooth syndrome is differentiated by


Question: The pin that causes minimum stress in dentin is


Question: Skin pigmentation & Icthyosis like side effects are seen in

Ichthyosis - Fish like scaling (d/t severe dryness in patient) - Causing skin to break Two types - Congenital Acquired I.vulgaris - Autosomal Dominant, MC type Deficiency - Filaggrin Involves Extensors Leprosy - Involvement of ANS No sweating - dry skin X linked ichthyosis - X-linked Recessive defect with steroid sulphatase Extensor + Flexors involvement Clofazimine - Causes darkening and dryness of skin Lamellar ichthyosis - Autosomal Recessive Defect with Transglutaminase Whole body involvement When infant born is covered with Membrane called collodion membrane then baby k/a collodion baby. Most severe type Ichthyosis - Harlequin ichthyosis - Autosomal Recessive- Due to ABCA-12 gene defect


Question: Largest number of fibroblasts are found in


Question: Kesling positioner is a


Question: Epulis is

A focal, highly vascular swelling of the gums, a so-called epulis gravidarum, is a pyogenic granuloma that occasionally develops but typically regresses spontaneously after delivery.Reference: William&;s Obstetrics; 24th edition; Chapter 4; Maternal Physiologyy


Question: Lip bumper not used in the treatment of


Question: In contact dermatitis the diagnostic method of choice is

Patch testing is used to document sensitivity to a specific antigen. In this procedure, a battery of suspected "allergens" with control is applied to the patient's back under occlusive dressings and allowed to remain in contact with the skin for 48 hours. The dressings are then removed, and the area is examined for evidence of delayed hypersensitivity reactions such as erythema, edema, or papulovesicles.. This test is best performed by physicians with special expeise in patch testing and is often helpful in the evaluation of patients with chronic dermatitis. (Reading is read at 0, 2, 4 days)


Question: Adenoma sebaceum is a characteristic of Wof

TUBEROUS SCLEROSIS Cutaneous manifestations Angiofibromas (previously called adenoma sebaceum):- Most frequent manifestation, seen in almost 90% of patients. Appear in childhood and enlarge at pubey (hence the misnomer "sebaceum"). Reddish brown, smooth, dome-shaped papules with telangiectasis. Symmetrically, on nose, nasolabial folds, cheeks. Ref:- Neena khanna; pg num:-32,33


Question: Maculae ceruleae are caused by

Pediculosis Pubis (Pubic Lice) * Phthirus pubis, crab louse; wider shoer body than the body louse, resembling miniature crabs * Presents with itching of pubic area, may be erythema around hair follicles, excoriations, secondary bacterial infection, +- maculae caerulea: slate gray to blue macules. Ref:- Sima Jain; pg num:- 244


Question: Pulp of involved teeth is vital in the following


Question: The range of level of fluoride secreted by the glands into the mouth is


Question: The skeletal classification of malocclusion is given by


Question: A 6 month old infant presented with multiple papules & exudative lesions on the face, scalp, trunk and few vesicles on palms and soles for 2 weeks. His mother has H/O itchy lesions. The most likely diagnosis is

6 month old infant presented with multiple papules & exudative lesions on the face, scalp, trunk and few vesicles on palms and soles for 2 weeks. His mother has H/O itchy lesions. The most likely diagnosis is scabies. infantile scabies is characterised by vesicles erythematous papules,pustules , vesicles over the face , scalp, palms and soles.. family history in mother is suggestive of scabie infection Infantile eczema:-Infantile phase:- AD more acute with predominantly involving face,scalp and extensor surfaces of extremities.Typically there are papules,vesicles,excoriations and exudation. Infantile seborrheic dermatitis lesions are greasy scaly plaques present over the scalp. Crusted lesions over the cheeks, and extensor aspect of upper and lower limbs. Impetigo lesions are presented as bullae or crusted lesions with honey comb crust. iadvl textbook of dermatology page 459


Question: Rhinophyma complicates

Acne rosacea and rhinophyma are synonyms: Rhinophyma is a skin disorder that causes the nose to become enlarged and bulbous. The nose may look red, swollen, and distoed. The condition is a subtype of rosacea, an inflammatory skin disease. Other subtypes of rosacea cause redness and small, pus-filled bumps on the face, commonly on the cheeks, chin, and nose Ref: Harrison 20th edition pg 1234


Question: The permissible levels of E.coli (number/ml) in potable water is


Question:
If the use of a technique on a child is objectionable
enough that the child will cooperate in order to avoid it,
that technique will come under


Question: Eruption of Deciduous Maxillary Canine occur at


Question:
In a tooth supported partial denture, movement of the base
towards the edentulous ridge is prevented primarily by


Question: A tooth with deep caries pulpal involvement & periapical radiolucency with a draining sinus into the gingival sulcus is a

Endodontic lesion followed by periodontic lesion

periodontic lesion followed by Endodontic lesion


Question: The distance between the bottom of calculus and alveolar crest in human periodontal pocket is constant having an approximate length of


Question: A female presents with persistent painful oral lesions, with acanthOlYtIZ cells. Most likely dipiosisiS

In pemphigus vulgaris skin involvement stas in the form of flaccid blisters. Cutaneous lesions are usually preceded by blisters and erosions of oral mucosa. HP shows a suprabasal cleft with bulla formation just above the basal layer with a tomb stone appearance and with blister cavity containing acantholytic cells and inflammatory cells. page no.280.282. Reference IADVL's concise textbook of dermatology


Question: The most common aspect in gold inlay and amalgam cavity design is

The gingival bevel removes the unsupported enamel and compensates for casting shrinkage. It is a feature of resistance form. Reverse bevel is given in inlay for lap sliding fit. It locks the restoration and prevents proximal displacement.


Question: Ante's law provides an aid for


Question: The taper that should be present in a prepared tooth as abutment for FPD is


Question: Crown completion of Maxillary 3rd molar occur


Question: Simple anchorage refers to


Question: Maintenance of oral health is best achieved by


Question:
A thin bluish line around the gingival margin is due to
the absorption of


Question: "Ollendroff sign" is

"Ollendroff sign" is seen in secondary syphilis, pressure over palm and sole lesions elicit severe pain- Deep dermal tenderness.
Option c) is the correct answer.
Option a) - Auspitz sign seen in Psoriasis
Option b)  - Wimberger's sign seen in early congenital syphilis
Option c) - Periostitis seen in late congenital syphilis.

Tiny pink bleeding spots seen over the skin after gruttage of skin

Localized tissue destruction of upper end of Tibia on medical side


Question: Snyder's test measures


Question: Collagen 17 is

INFERIOR POION OF BASAL KERATINOCYTE Hemidesmosome (HD):- * Appears as thickened area interspersed along plasma membrane of basal keratinocyte; provides attachment between basal keratinocyte and extracellular matrix. * Composed of following macromolecules: BPAG1, BPAG2, integrin, and plectin . * Tonofilaments (or keratin filaments) inse into hemidesmosomes . BPAG1 (230 kDa) :- * Intracellular glycoprotein in plakin family which is associated with the cytoplasmic plaque domain of hemidesmosomes; promotes adhesion of intermediate filaments with plasma membrane (likely binds or anchors filaments to HD). BPAG2 (180kDa, Collagen XVII) :- * Transmembrane (mainly extracellular) protein belonging to collagen family; interacts with BPAG1, b4 integrin, and plectin. Ref:- Sima Jain; pg num:- 7


Question: Maryland bridge is

Etched cast resin-retained FPDs (micromechanical retention-"maryland bridge")

Macroscopic mechanical retention resin retained FPD


Question: Specific stain for fat cells is


Question: Crown completion of Maxillary lateral incisors occur


Question: The ability of the base to resist occlusal forces and to support the restoration is affected by


Question: Dental hygienist is included under


Question: The impression with the least dimensional change upon disinfection is


Question: Difference between class II amalgam and cast restoration is


Question: Location of root canals is best done by endodontic


Question: Polyglycolic acid suture material ("Vicryl") is a / an


Question: In classifying a malocclusion (Class I, II, & III), the premature Loss of a primary molar adjuvant observation to reinforce initial evaluation is by


Question: Keratodermic sandles is a feature of

In pityriasis rubra pilaris there is yellow orange thickening of palms and soles ( keratodermic sandals).
There is also yellow brown discoloration and thickening of distal nail plate.


Question: Waste disposal of placenta is done by

Placenta is thrown in yellow bag and later it is incinerated.


Question: Index ages for the survey are (OR) the age groups recommended in the national pathfinder survey are


Question: After treating the cleft palate the occlusion is


Question: Trauma from occlusion causes vascular changes in the periodontium with in


Question: Most often used thickness of the matrix band is


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of maxillary 2nd molar is seen in


Question: Bacteria found in gingivitis are localized in


Question: Cell free zone

Contains abundant myelinated nerve fibers

Contains cytoplasmic process of fibroblast


Question: Reverse bevel is given for


Question: Sodium fluoride inhibits glycolysis by inhibiting the enzyme


Question: Scarring loss of hair is seen in

Conditions causing scarring alopecia Causes of non-cicatricial alopecia (non-scarring) Traumatic causes of scarring alopecia may be due to: Injury Surgery Radiation Traction (tight curls) Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Infections causing scarring alopecia include: Bacterial infection: boils and abscesses (Staphylococcus aureus) Fungal infection: kerion (inflammatory tinea capitis) Viral infection: shingles (herpes zoster) Inflammatory skin diseases causing scarring alopecia include: Folliculitis decalvans Dissecting cellulitis Lichen planopilaris Frontal fibrosing alopecia Alopecia mucinosa Discoid lupus erythematosus Localised scleroderma Anagen effluvium Androgenetic alopecia Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis Telogen effluvium Trichotillomania (Trichotillosis) Conditions resulting in reversible patchy hair thinning, poor hair quality and bald patches include: Localised alopecia areata Localised infection, such as tinea capitis Severe local skin disease, such as psoriasis, seborrhoeic dermatitis, atopic dermatitis, pityriasis rubra pilaris, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma Generalised skin disease (erythroderma) Systemic diseases resulting in reversible patchy hair thinning, poor hair quality and bald patches include: Iron deficiency Thyroid hormone deficiency Systemic lupus erythematosus Syphilis Severe acute or chronic illness (Ref: Harrison 20th edition pg 1234


Question: HLA associated with Dermatitis herpetiformis is


Question: Commonest site of atopic dermatitis is

Atopic dermatitis most commonly involves the cheeks in infantile stage and anti-cubital fossa in adults Decreased sudomotor function is involved in the formation of atopic eczema in the cubital fossa. . BACKGROUND: Eczema in the cubital fossa, which is susceptible to sweat, is frequently observed in atopic dermatitis (AD). However, there has been no direct evidence that sweating causes eczema in the cubital fossa. (Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1267


Question: Low creep values of high copper amalgams increase its


Question: Collagen fibrils have a transverse striation with a characteristic periodicity of


Question: Torquing forces or lateral forces on distal abutment

Are of less magnitude but most destructive

Are of less magnitude and are more favourable

Are of greater magnitude and more favourable

There are no lateral forces acting on the distal abutment tooth.


Question: Lamina densa attached to the underlying connective tissue by


Question:
After removal of granulation tissue from periodontal
pocket the hard structure seen is


Question: A community suffering from dry mouth condition is likely to have

Increased incidence of crack tooth syndrome

Decreased incidence of crack tooth syndrome


Question: The embrasure areas in the following areas are continuous


Question: Dakin's solution is

NaOCl as a buffered 0.5% solution was recommended for irrigation of wound during world war I by Dakin. Coolidge introduced NaoCl to endodontics.


Question: The Gram negative bacteria most numerous in oral cavity are


Question: Occlusal night guards are used to


Question: The pontic of mandibular posterior region should be


Question: Computerized periodontal probe is


Question: Anthropometry is

Anthropometry
Anthropometry is a technique, which involves measuring skeletal dimensions on living individuals. Various landmarks established in the studies of dry skull are measured in living individuals by using soft tissue points overlying these bony landmarks. These measurements can be made on both dry skull as well as living individuals, although in the latter case the thickness of soft tissue will also need to be considered.
Despite this shortcoming the most important advantage is that the study can be longitudinal, wherein the growth of an individual can be followed directly over a period of time with repeated measurement without damaging the subject.

Ref: Gurkeerat Singh Textbook of orthodontics 2nd ed  page 8

Measurement of skeletal dimensions on human skeletal remains

Measurement of skeletal dimensions on living individuals

Measurement of skeletal dimensions on radiographs

Measurement of skeletal dimensions on photographs


Question: In Elli 's classification of injured teeth a class IV represents

Fracture involving enamel and dentin but not pulp


Question: Saliva is secreted by


Question: Obturation may be done in the initial visit if


Question: Plaque differs from materia alba in


Question: Stabilisation of avulsed tooth requires


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of Upper 1st premolar is seen in


Question: Causative agent of Black piedra

Piedra * Superficial infection of hair shaft where fungal elements adhere to form nodes along hair shaft. Two types: black piedra and white piedra . * Black piedra:- Caused by Piedraia hoae; presents with tiny dark concretions on hairs shafts distributed irregularly; culture shows black velvety colony. * White piedra:- Trichosporon cutaneum (formerly T. beigelii) most common; other species include T. ovoides, T. inkin, and T. asahii); presents with light brown, less adherent nodules coating hair shaft (beard, axilla, pubic hairs). * Of note, T. cutaneum can cause fungemia with systemic disease in immunocompromised patients. Treatment:- shaving/cutting hair, topical imidazoles. Ref:- Sima Jain; pg num:- 226


Question: Domestic solid waste does not contain


Question: The projection of ameloblast into the enamel matrix, is known as

The surfaces of the ameloblasts facing the developing enamel are not smooth. There is an interdigitation of the cells and the enamel rods that they produce.
This interdigitation is partly a result of the fact that the long axes of the ameloblasts are not parallel to the long axes of the rods.
The projections of the ameloblasts into the enamel matrix have been named Tomes’ processes


Question: Genetic marker for reiters syndrome

Reiters syndrome/ flies singer-Leroy disease: traid of urethritis , ahritis conjunctivitis Genetic predisposition: hla b 27 Causative organisms: Chlamydia trachomatis Salmonella Campylobacter Yersinia Shigella Clostridium diff iCal eah Clinical features: chronological appearance First manifestations: urethritis,conjunctivitis Ahritis Circulate Balan it is Ahritis: asymmetric , oligoaicular-predilection to lower extremity large joints, enthesitis( inflammation of tendons and ligaments at the sites of inseion into capsule or bone),sacroilitis. Rapid development of massive effusions. Sausage digitis-diffuse swelling of solitary finger or toe Joints: early morning stiffness and pain. Genitourinary: nonspecific urethritis, cervicitis, cystitis, hematuria, hydronephrosis,prostatitis, baholinitis,vaginitis, salpingitis Eye lesions: conjunctivitis,uveitis,iridocyclitis Cutaneous: keratoderma blemorrhagicum-hyper keratotic pustular lesions on erythematous base involving palms and soles.crusted thick horny lesions with thick scales circulate Balanitis-most common irregular moist superficial erosions or ulcers coalesce to form circinate lesions. ulceration over tongue-painless Cardiac: aoic is and hea block Renal- glomerulonephritis Investigations: Elevated acute phase reactants Elevated esr Jointfluid-pseudo sepsis- neutrophils>50000/ul, with reiters cells Radiology: enthesitis with periosteum reaction, asymmetric sacroilitis, spondylitis, non marginal syndesmophytes Conditions to be differentiated from reactive ahritis Treatment Ahritis: Physiotherapy, nsaids,indomethacin is the drug of choice. Dmards-sulfasalazine, methotrexate,hydroxychloroquine,prednisolone,acitretin in hiv patients Biological: infliximab,etanercept Cyclosporine, levamisole,gold,pencillamine. Skin and mucus membranes: topical keratolytis, topical coicosteroids,methotrexate,acetretin Iadvl textbook of dermatology page 2088


Question: Saftey H file is


Question: Vagabond's disease is

Pediculosis Corporis Etiology:- P. humanus corporis. Transmission:- infested bedding or clothing. Predisposing factors:- Poor hygiene, Social deprivation, Mental retardation. Unhygienic, socially deprived (so called Vagabond's disease), and mentally challenged. Clinical features:- Symptoms:- Severe and widespread itching on the trunk. Pus discharge and eczematization Signs:- Self-neglect is striking. Linear excoriations often covered with hemorrhagic crusts. Secondary infection and eczematization frequent. Persistent pigmentation and lymphadenopathy sometimes seen in chronic cases. Nits (frequently) and adults (less frequently) are found on the inner seams of clothings. Ref:- Neena khanna; pg num:-339,340


Question: Greatest stress generated in a material till it follows a directly proportional relationship


Question: Most common cause of chronic inflammation of the gingiva in a preschool child


Question: The use of electro surgery facilitate impression making by

Enlarging the gingival sulcus and control of hemorrhage


Question: Dead tracts in ground section appears as

Coarse fibril bundles arranged at right angle to the dentinal surface

Black in transmitted light and white in reflected light

White in transmitted light and dark in reflected light


Question: Eruption of Mandibular 1st molar occur at


Question: Portion of tooth brush that assists in removal of plaque is


Question: Modifiers are added to gypsum mainly to


Question: Occlusal view of upper canine is


Question: Avulsed tooth is not kept in water because

Water is a hypotonic solution causes rapid cell lysis

Water is a hypertonic solution causes rapid cell lysis

Water is a hypotonic solution causes shrinkage of cells

Water is a hypertonic solution causes shrinkage of cells


Question: Accidental pulpal exposure in an area remote from an extensive carious lesion should be treated by


Question: A High Tracing Device is used for


Question: Eruption of Mandibular 1st premolar occur at


Question: The most potent bone resorbing interleukin is


Question: Degree of relationship between cause and effect is represented by


Question: Epithelial rests of Malassez are found in


Question: Nikolsky's sign is positive in


Question: Koebner phenomenon is characteristic of

Koebner's phenomenon or isomorphic phenomenon is a term applied when localized non-specific trauma provokes lesions of dermatosis. It is seen characteristically in psoriasis, lichen planus, and vitiligo. Symptoms of Koebner phenomenon Koebner noted that some people with psoriasis developed lesions in areas in which the skin had been traumatized. This could be from a cut, a bruise, or a burn. Lesions may also develop on pas of the body where the skin is irritated by a waistband, belt buckle, or bra strap. In all these cases, the lesions appeared in areas outside of the usual spots affected by psoriasis Pseudo Koebner phenomenon seen in molluscumcontagiosum and was (Ref: Harrison 20th edition pg 1267


Question: "Birbeck granules" are seen in

"Tennis racket" shaped Birbeck granules are seen in Langerhan cells, which are antigen presenting cells present in epidermis.


Question: For most effective cutting and long usefulness of a tungsten carbide bur, it should be

Rotating slowly before contacting the tooth

Rotating rapidly before contacting the tooth

Placed in contact with tooth before starting

Rotating rapidly before entering in to the oral cavity


Question: Crown completion of deciduous Maxillary 2nd molar occur


Question: Type of collagen present in vitreous humor


Question:
In primary dentition the anatomic structure used to
determine the molar relationship


Question: According to Miller's classification of increased tooth mobility, grade 3 would be

Mobility in horizontal and vertical direction


Question: Buccal mucosa is


Question: Vagabond&;s disease is also known as

pediculosis corporals/body louse: causative organism: pediculus humanus var corporis. Body lice live in clothing and beds and feed on human blood seen in poor and in those of low intelligence infection is transmitted by clothes and beds. clinical features: itching, erythematous macules, uicaria wheals, excoriated papules parallel linear scratch marks. parellel liner scratch marks with post inflammatory hyperpigmentation over the upper back was called vagabonds disease treatment: proper washing and drying of clothes and bedding dusting garments with gamma benzene he a chloride r malathion body louse acts as a vector for the following diseases epidmic typhus-rickettsia prowazekii relapsing fever--baonella recurentis trench fever- baonella quintana iadvl textbook of dermatology page 412


Question: ANUG is caused by


Question: Rhinophyma occurs as complication of

Rosacea:-Chronic skin infection characterised by symptoms of facial flushing and a spectrum of signs including erythema, telangiectasia,coarseness of skin and inflammatory papulopustular lesion.Features:-1. Red papules and pustules on nose ,forehead,cheeks and chin.2. Frequent flushing 3. Aggravated by sun exposure,foods , alcolhol, spicy foods, hot tea or coffeeextreme temperatures,vasodilator drugs,, h.pylori infection There are 4 subtypes of rosacea erythematotelengieatatic rosacea- flushing,central facial erythema, telengiectasia papulopustular rosacea- persistent central facial erythema with transient papules , pustules, in central facial distribution phymatous rosacea: thick skin with modularity most common over nose-rhinophyma ocular rosacea watery eyes, foreign body sensation, burning/stinging, dryness, itching blepharitis. iadvltextbook of dermatology, page page 856


Question: Ethics and planning approvals are taken in


Question: Use of Doxycycline hyclate 20 mg. for a period of time forms


Question: Orthodontic extrusion of intruded permanent incisor can prevent


Question: Attached gingival is


Question: Alginates are


Question: Gingival abscess involves


Question:
The reshaping process of gingiva in the absence of
periodontal pocket is


Question:
The average root surface area of maxillary first molar is
(in mm2)


Question: Secondary retention for a removable partial denture is provided by

Intimate contact between the denture bases and the underlying tissues


Question: Tooth Loss that causes the patient to bite in an abnormal relation of maxilla to mandible, in order to obtain better function during mastication is termed


Question: Steeglitz pliers is

Used to place rubber dam clamp on the tooth


Question: Nappes claires is seen in

Pityriasis rubra pilaris characterised by erythematous orange coloured p


Question: Colour change in metamorphic calcification


Question: Pemphigus neonatorum is a variety of

Pemphigoid neonatorum is a variety of bullous impetigo. Impetigo is a contagious superficial pyogenic infection. It can be bullous or non-bullous Causative organism: Bullous is caused by staph aureus Non bullous impetigo is caused by both Staph aureus and Strep pyogens Bullous disorder is widespread in neonate and was called pemphigus neonatorum (Ref: Harrison 20th edition pg 1245


Question: Primary function of cementum is

The primary function of cementum is to provide attachment of the tooth to alveolar bone socket through Sharpey’s fibres.


Question: A patient came with exudative lesions in cubital fossa, popliteal fossa & neck. The diagnosis is

Complaints of exudative lesions suggests of eczema (and underlying spongiosis). And involvement of flexural areas is a typical feature of Atopic dermatitis in adults.


Question: The first stated and the largest principle of the Nuremberg Code is


Question: In the conventional finger rest, the finger rest is established on the

Tooth surface immediately adjacent to the working area

Index finger or thumb of the non operating hand


Question: In children median diastema between maxillary permanent centrals closes with the eruption of


Question: The primary stress bearing area of maxillary complete denture is


Question: The definition of Epidemiology as The study of the distribution and determinants of disease frequency in man was given by


Question: Reciprocal arm assembly is placed at

Reciprocal elements of the clasp assembly should be located at the junction of the gingival and middle thirds of the crowns of abutment teeth.

Junction of gingival third and middle third


Question: A severe blow to a permanent anterior tooth, not causing fracture frequently leads to

Pulpal death, but only if treatment is delayed too long


Question: Mercapton groups are seen in


Question: Dull appearance of mouth temperature wax indicates


Question: Exposure to sunlight can precipitate

Exposure to sunlight is a predisposing factor but only 4% of patients are affected, so chloasma is the better answer .Melasma (also known as chloasma faciei, or the mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark skin discoloration. Melasma is thought to be caused by sun exposure, genetic predisposition, hormone changes, and skin irritation. DLE is a benign inflammatory disorder of the skin. Presents with well defined scaly patches which heal with atrophy, scarring, and pigmentary changes. Factors predisposing to DLE: 1.trauma 2.streas 3.UV exposure 4.infection 5.drugs 6.seaonal exacerbations 7.cold exposure Ref: Harrison 20th edition pg 1234


Question: Chlorhexidine is a useful mouth wash as


Question:
Ridge lap design of ponticis indicated for the replacement
of a


Question: Mid point from sella to bolton point is


Question: Shape of stainless steel wire determine


Question: Facial plane is formed by


Question: Power driven instrument is


Question: The % of free monomer in a heat — cured acrylic resin is


Question: At low levels of light, the colour perception of the eyes is lost. As the brightness becomes more intense, colour appears to change. This phenomenon is known as


Question: Subsurface porosity is due to


Question: Cusp of carabelli is present on


Question: The melting point of silver is


Question: A child of 5 year age reported to the clinic with fracture of deciduous incisor that is involving the pulp, it is considered as

Trauma to primary teeth is included in Ellis class 9 fracture.


Question: The main purpose of covering the retromolar pad area is


Question: Following is not an external manifestation of enamel

Perikymata are transverse, wave like grooves, believed to be the external manifestations of Incremental Lines of Retzius. Enamel cuticle is a delicate membrane that covers the entire enamel of the crown of a newly erupted tooth but is probably soon removed after mastication. Enamel lamellae are thin leaf like structures that extend from the enamel surface towards DEJ.


Question: "Pautrier's microabscess" is a feature of

"Pautrier's microabscess" is collection of atypical T - cells in epidermis seen in cutaneous T - cell lymphoma.


Question: The property of rubber dam that it controls moisture and retracts the soft tissue, best explained in

Improved properties of dental materials.


Question: Pyogenic granuloma is associated with

Pyogenic granuloma is a misnomer as there is no granuloma. It is a benign vascular lesion that bleeds easily on trauma.
It is associated with Inflammatory Bowel disease (Ulcerative colitis > Crohn's disease).


Question: The rest seat for a lingual rest is


Question: Arrange the following preparations in increasing order of their resisting area

The resisting area decreases as the preparation taper increases.

For a cylinder with no taper, the resisting area would cover half the axial walls (A).
For an deafly-tapered tooth preparation, the resisting area covers somewhat less than half the axial walls (B).
An over-tapered (20 degrees) preparation has only a small resisting area near the occlusal surface (C).


Question: The optimal flow rate of coolant for sonic and ultrasonic subgingival scaling is


Question:
Water of reaction needed to react completely with
100 g of calcium sulphate hemihydrates to convert it to calcium sulphate dihydrate


Question: MTAD is

Mixture of Tetracyclin, Acid and Detergent

Mixture of Triclosan Acid and Doxycycline hyclate


Question: Triple antibiotic paste is applied at


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of Primary mandibular central incisor is seen in


Question: In Stationary anchorage, anchorage is obtained from


Question: Most anterior part of the chin is


Question: Catlan's appliance is given for a period NOT more than 6 weeks because it

Causes gingival recession in lower anteriors


Question: Christmas Tree profile variation is attributed to the following head shape of a diamond abrasive instrument


Question:
Instructing the patient to say "ah" with short vigorous
bursts will help in visualizing


Question: Kamino bodies are seen in

Kamino bodies are the eosinophilic globules seen in Spitz nevus( it is benign melanocytic nevus, a type of skin lesion, affecting the epidermis and dermis)


Question: Riehl's melanosis involves

Riehl observed in 1917, observed patients with facial hyperpigmentation, most pronounced on the forehead and in the zygomatic and/or temporal regions is the dominant symptom. The cause was not found. Riehl's melanosis is today almost synonymous with pigmented contact dermatitis of the face. The commonest cause has been sensitizing chemicals in cosmetics. Riehl melanosis is a nonpruritic pigmented dermatosis characterized by brownish-grey facial pigmentation and is almost synonymous with pigmented contact dermatitis of the face, the most common causes of which are sensitizing chemicals in cosmetics. It produces a type IV cytolytic reaction at the epidermal basal layer Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1233


Question: The ideal crown preparation has a degree of convergence from gingival finish line towards occlusal is


Question: The term "Secular Trend" implies

Changes in occurrence over a long period of time


Question: It is normal response to orthodontic treatment for periodontal space to


Question: Intercanine width in maxilla is increased with


Question: The Gothic arch tracing device is used to record


Question: The disadvantage of winged rubber dam retainer is that it interferes with the placement of


Question: The maximum dose of isotretinoin should not exceed

Oral isotretinoin duration of treatment varies according to dose but post-therapy relapse is minimized by treatment courses that amount to the total of 120-150 mg/kg Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1233


Question: Nerves in Plexus of Raschkow


Question: Shoe leather survey was carried out by


Question: Exarticulation of teeth means


Question: The following affects prognosis of periodontal treatment


Question: "Interface dermatitis" is histological feature of


Question: Treatment of systemic or disseminated variant of sporotrichosis is

Sporotrichosis:- Treatment:- : * Lymphocutaneous disease:- itraconazole, terbinafine, saturated solution of potassium iodide (SSKI) * Disseminated infection:- Amphotericin B (AMB). Ref:- Dermatology review by Asra Ali; pg num:-364


Question: The advantage of using visible Light for light cure resins is

It is easily processed by any light source


Question: Pit and fissure caries is seen in


Question: The Burrows in scabies is in the

SCABIES:- Caused by Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis. Clinical features: Itching- generalised, worse at night.this is due to delayed type 4 hypersensitivity reaction. Classic lesion: Burrow-Thread like wavy tunnel in stratum corneum.They appear as serpiginous or S shaped greyish,thread like elevations with a vesicle at one end indicating the presence of mite.seen at interdigital web, feet areola,scrotum. Erythematous papules and papulovesicles:-found in- 1. Interdigital webs 2. Sides of fingers 3. Front of wrists 4. Ulnar border of forearm 5. Elbows 6. Axillae 7. Areola 8. Umbilicus 9. Lower abdomen 10. Upper medial side of thigh 11. Genitals. The imaginery circle formed by these sites is called the circle of Hebra. {Reference: IADVL textbook of dermatology, vishalakshi Vishwanath pg no.78.}


Question: Acantholytic cells area) Epidermal cellsb) Plasma cellsc) Keratinocytesd) Giant cells

Acantholytic cells (Tzank cells) are separated keratinocytes, the major epidermal cells.


Question: 1st evidence of calcification of Primary maxillary 2nd molar is seen in


Question: A child comes with a circular 3cm x 3cm scaly patchy hair loss with itching in the lesions. The investigation of choice is

Itchy lesions over head with hair loss likely suggestive of Tinea capitis and KOH mount of hairs is the investigation of choice.


Question: Exotoxin acting on cementum is obtained from


Question: Dental pulp is


Question: Crown completion of deciduous Mandibular lateral incisors occur


Question: The "in office" non vital bleaching technique is


Question: The most important disadvantage of acrylic denture base is


Question: A supernumerary tooth results from a deviation during


Question: Matrix vesicles play important role in the mineralization of


Question: Maximum dose of isotretinoin should not exceed

Isotretinoin, also known as 13-cis-retinoic acid (and colloquially referred to by its former brand name Accutane or Roaccutane), is a medication primarily used to treat severe acne. Rarely, it is also used to prevent ceain skin cancers (squamous-cell carcinoma), and in the treatment of other cancers. It is used to treat harlequin-type ichthyosis, a usually lethal skin disease, and lamellar ichthyosis. It is a retinoid, meaning it is related to vitamin A, and is found in small quantities naturally in the body. Its isomer, tretinoin, is also an acne drug Cumulative dosing of isotretinoin has followed a reference range of 120 to 150 mg/kg Ref Harrison20th edition pg 1321

Skin lesions and disorders of pigmentation


Question: Eruption of Deciduous Maxillary Central incisor occur at


Question: A10 yr old boy presented with painful boggy swelling of scalp,multiple sinuses with purulent discharge, easily pluckable hair,and lymph nodes enlarged in occipital region,wof would be most helpful for diagnostic evaluation

TINEA CAPITIS Inflammatory tinea capitis (kerion):- Caused by zoophilic dermatophyte (e.g., M. canis), which elicit intense inflammation. Presents as a boggy swelling with pustulation. Often, the pus discharges from multiple orifices. Hair from such a swelling is easily and painlessly pluckable. Lymphadenopathy (especially occipital) invariable. Investigations:- Potassium hydroxide (KOH) scraping KOH mount: fig:-A: spores inside hair shaft in tinea capitis. Ref:- Neena Khanna; pg num:-284

Patch test, gram staining and Tzank smear


Question: The thickness of the spacer used in special tray is


Question: Perikymata are the external surface manifestations of

The number of perikymata gradually decreases form cervical region to occlusal or incisal region because of undisturbed development of enamel prior to birth. Perikymata are usually absent in prenatally developed occlusal parts of deciduous teeth, whereas they are present in postnatal cervical parts.


Question:
For strength and rigidity, the vertical height of a finished
lingual bar should be at least


Question: Tempering of steel cause


Question: 60 year female with tense bulla in lower extremity and subepidermal bullous lesion on microscopy, diagnosis is


Question: Crown completion of Deciduous Maxillary Canine occur


Question: The cavosurface gingival bevel for a class II cast gold inlay preparation should be

The gingival bevel should be 0.5 to 1 mm wide and should blend with the lingual secondary flare.
Sturdevant Operative Dentistry 7th edition page. e105

0.5 to 1 mm wide and blend with secondary lingual flare

0.2 to 0.3 mm wide and blend with secondary lingual flare

0.2 mm wide and blend with secondary lingual flare

3 to 4 mm wide and blend with secondary lingual flare


Question: Topical immunomodulator used for the treatment of genital was is

WAS:- Caused by human papilloma virus. Anogenital was caused by HPV 6,11,16,18,31,33. Out Of these 6 is mostly involved. These virus invade squamous epithelium and trigger cell proliferation. Viruses mainly being transmitted by fomites ,scratching, and auto inoculation. Pink to brown way papules in perianal/genital region. Treatment:- podophyllin 20% in tincture benzoin is the treatment of choice in anogenital was. Immunomodulator used is topical imiquimoidnd cidofovir {Reference: IADVL textbook of dermatology, vishalakshi Vishwanath pg no.67.}


Question: In cap stage, regulating factor for cusp shape formation is present in

Enamel Knot: The cells in the center of the enamel organ are densely packed to form enamel knot.
Enamel cord: It is the vertical extension of the enamel knot.
Enamel Septum: The enamel cord extends to meet the outer enamel epithelium and form enamel septum.
Enamel Navel: It is the small depression at the point of meeting of enamel cord and outer enamel epithelium.
Enamel niche is the apparent structure created by the plane of histological sections cutting through a curved dental lamina so that mesenchyme is surrounded by the dental epithelium. It appears as a double attachment of dental lamina to the overlying epithelium.

Recent studies shows that enamel knot acts as a signaling center expressing growth factors which play an important role in determining the shape of the tooth


Question: A cold test best localizes

Hyperalgesia  is  manifested  in endodontic pain patients when noxious stimuli (e.g., refrigerant  sprays  or  carbon  dioxide  snow  used  in  the  cold  test) produce much more pain than they would in teeth with normal pulp tissues. Spontaneous pain involves episodes of pain that seem to  be  unprovoked.  All these changes can be partly Explained by sensitization of peripheral nerve endings in the pulp.
Cohen's Pathway of the Pulp ed:11th Pg551


Question: Helix in a finger spring for mesial movement lies

Perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth


Question: Best method to evaluate bone defect is

Transgingival probing is known as sounding.


Question: A most insanitary method that creates public health hazards, nuisance and severe pollution of environment is


Question: Not a contributing factors for ANUG


Question: The disadvantage of three fourth crown


Question: The lingual flange area in molar region in mandibular complete denture is determined by


Question: Diagnosis

The image is suggestive of "Nevus of Ota" which is a dermal melanocytic nevus seen in maxillary and ophthalmic nerve distribution.
It is usually unilateral and often associated with blue sclera and conjuctiva.


Question: Test tube retepegs are seen in the microscopic section of

Gingival enlargement due to dilantin sodium


Question: In 3x3 table, the degree of freedom is


Question:
The valuable test for evaluating caries activity in very
young children is


Question: Stage IV of ANUG according to Hornig and Cohen is characterized by

Necrosis of the tip of interdental papilla

Necrosis extending to the attached gingiva


Question: Quartz tungsten light cure device, minimum output of energy should not be less than


Question: ISO has classified instrument on the basis of


Question: The 'Begg appliance' is a modification of

Raymond Begg had been taught use of the ribbon arch appliance at the Angle school before his return to Australia in the 1920s.  Working independently in Adelaide, Begg also concluded that  extraction of teeth was often necessary, and set out to adapt the ribbon arch appliance so that it could be used for better control of root position.
Begg’s adaptation took three forms:

He replaced the precious metal ribbon arch with high-strength 16-mil round stainless steel wire when this became available from an Australian company in the late 1930s;
He retained the original ribbon arch bracket, but turned it upside down so that the bracket slot pointed gingivally rather than occlusally; and
He added auxiliary springs to the appliance for control of root position.

In the resulting Begg appliance friction was minimized because the area of contact between the narrow ribbon arch bracket and the archwire was very small and the force of the wire against the bracket was also small.
Binding was minimized because Begg’s strategy for anchorage control was tipping and uprighting , and tipping minimizes the angle of contact between the wire and corner of the bracket.


Question: Laser welding

Laser welding of titanium has facilitated repair of titanium frameworks because of the low thermal conductivity of titanium and localized heating during laser welding.
Laser welding in an argon gas atmosphere is a method of choice for joining titanium components of dental prostheses, because the coherent, high-intensity laser pulse of light can be focused in a small region and melt the substrate without extensive microstructural damage to the surrounding areas.
Ref: Phillip’s 12th edition page 386, 392


Question: Hand cutting instruments are composed of


Question: The ultimate in finish Lines that permit an acute margin of metal is


Question: Uncontrolled diabetes possess a problem to prosthodontist as;


Question: Most significant angle in bur design


Question: Sodium nitrite is used as


Question: Lateral movement is produced by anterior translation of one condyle producing rotation about the


Question: Woods lamp wavelength is

Wood's lamp wavelength is 320 and 400 nm with a peak at 365 nm. Applications of Wood's lamp Bacterial: Pseudomonas species: green in folliculitis and infected burn wounds. Corynebacterium minutissimum: coral red in erythrasma. Propionibacterium acnes: orange-red in comedones. Fungal Tinea versicolor: Malassezia furfur yellowish-white or copper-orange. Pityrosporum folliculitis: Bluish-white in a follicular pattern. Tinea capitis: blue-green (most Microsporumspecies), occasionally dull yellow (Microsporum gypseum) and dull blue (Trichophyton schoenleinii). Pigment disorders: Hypopigmentation or depigmentation,Vitiligo, Tuberous sclerosis, Hypomelanosis of Ito, Hyperpigmentation, Melasma Porphyrias Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 1278


Question: Ca(OH)2 is given


Question: The brushing technique indicated for young children is


Question: Fordyce disease most commonly effects

FSs are ectopic sebaceous glands seen commonly on the lips (upper lip > lower lip), buccal, and genital mucosa. Infrequently, they can also be seen on oesophagus, uterine cervix, sole of the foot, and tongue. Histopathologically, a FS consists of a sebaceous lobule or gland located in the dermis. The Dermoscopy of FS on the penile shaft has been described and it shows vascular "garlands-like" aspect whose "bows" seem to wind around yellowish bunch-like lobules without crossing them iadvl textbook of dermatology


Question: M.C. site of Atopic dermatitis

The cubital fossa or elbow pit is the triangular area on the anterior view of the elbow of a human or other hominid animal.
It is also called the antecubital fossabecause it lies anteriorly to the elbow (Latin cubitus) when in standard anatomical position.


Question: The simplest form of pulp therapy is


Question: Rate of activation with slow expansion is


Question:
In zinc polycarboxylate modified setting time and
increased manipulative properties are due to


Question: In translation, center of rotation is at


Question: Treatment of choice for palatal hyperplasia occurring due to denture irritation is