AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
British Rail class D3/12 was a class of three diesel electric shunting trains built by the Southern Railway in 1937. They were numbered 1 to 3 in a separate list from the SR's steam-powered trains. They were later renumbered by British Railways 15201–15203. Later, twenty-six similar trains were built after nationalisation as British Rail Class 12.
British Rail Class D3/14
British Rail Class D16/1
British Railways Class D16/1 or 10000 and 10001 were the first mainline diesel locomotives in Great Britain. They were built by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at its Derby Works, using the EE16SVT 1600 hp diesel engine with electric transmission, in association with English Electric and the Vulcan Foundry, with whom the LMS had had a long working relationship.
British Rail 10100
British Railways 10100 was an unusual experimental diesel locomotive known informally as "The Fell Diesel Locomotive" (after Lt. Col. L.F.R. Fell, who was one of the designers). It was the joint production of Davey Paxman & Co, Shell Refining & Marketing Co and Lt-Col L.F.R. Fell, built for them by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at Derby. Sir Harry Ricardo was also involved. By the time it emerged in 1950, nationalisation had taken place and it carried British Railways livery. The locomotive had six diesel engines, four of them used for traction. The auxiliary engines drove the pressure-chargers for the main engines and the purpose of this arrangement was to enable the main engines to deliver very high torque at low crankshaft speed.
British Rail Class D16/2
British Railways Class D16/2 was a class of prototype diesel locomotive built by BR at Ashford Works and introduced in 1950–1951, with a third example being introduced in 1954. They had been designed by Oliver Bulleid for the Southern Railway before the 1948 nationalisation but did not appear until after nationalisation. The diesel engine and transmission were supplied by the English Electric company but the Bulleid influence was obvious. The box-like body style closely resembled Bulleid's electric locomotives and was quite different from the usual English Electric style, typified by British Rail Class D16/1.
British Rail 10800
British Rail Class D20/2
The British Railways Class D20/2 diesel-hydraulic locomotives were built by the North British Locomotive Company in Glasgow during 1957 and 1958. Although never assigned a TOPS class as they were withdrawn before TOPS was introduced British Loco enthusiasts coined the term "Class 41". All were named after Royal Navy vessels, hence the nameplates each bore a subtitle "Warship Class".
KVIrc
KVIrc is a multilanguage, graphical IRC client for Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS. The "K" in "K Visual IRC" was for a dependancy to KDE, which became optional from version 2.0.0.
KVIrc is able to connect to several servers at the same time (optional with SSL and/or IPv6). Unicode, ISO-8859-*-Codes, Asian and windows-native char sets are supported. A special feature is the smart encoding, which allows you to use 2 encodings at the same time; you can send unicode and read unicode and cp-1252 for example.
Additional to the mIRC-Codes for bold, underlined and colored fonts, KVIrc owns a graphical emoticon and avatar system. This feature can be turned off.
KVIrc has its own script language named "KVS" for extensions, addons and scripts.
Every channel, term and DCC Chat is encryptable with Blowfish or AES/Rijndael.
With "split window mode", "users" can divide their channel window into 2, one for chat messages and one for "commands" like joins/parts/mode changes. The size of the windows is variable, so they can hide the command window.
The "Socket spy" feature helps developers and users to watch the raw communication between client and server to debug.
Official stable releases are not often made, but in SVN is mostly a stable version to use.
KVIrc 4.2.0 was released on July, 3rd 2012.
Steam locomotives of British Railways
The steam locomotives of British Railways were used by British Railways over the period 1948-1968. The majority of these were inherited from the Big Four British railway companies. In the 1950s, new British Railways Standard steam locomotives were introduced.
BR locomotives were numbered in the following series:
British Rail Class 98
Gatwick Express
Gatwick Express is the name of a fast train service that runs on the Brighton Main Line, a railway line between Victoria station in London and the city of Brighton and Hove in South East England, stopping at Gatwick Airport on the way. It is fast because it does not stop at any stations between London Victoria and Gatwick Airport.
A Gatwick Express train leaves London Victoria station every 15 minutes and takes 30 minutes to get to Gatwick Airport station. After arriving at Gatwick Airport, at least every other train on weekdays and Saturdays continues non-stop to Brighton railway station. At peak hours, every train continues to Brighton, but makes two stops between Gatwick and Brighton. On Sundays, all trains end at Gatwick Airport; there are no trains to and from Brighton.
Before June 2008, Gatwick Express was a train operating company (TOC) and was a franchise owned by Southern, another TOC that has trains on other routes. On 22 June 2008, the Gatwick Express TOC was closed. Now the Gatwick Express is directly operated by Southern, but it is still called Gatwick Express.
The Gatwick Express service has used many types of trains over the years. Most of them were designed just for the service.
Freightliner (UK)
Freightliner Group Limited is a rail freight and logistics company, founded in 1995 and now operating in the United Kingdom and Poland. It is the second largest rail freight operator in the UK, after EWS.
Railfreight Distribution
British Rail locomotive and multiple unit numbering and classification
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for locomotives and multiple units operated by British Railways (BR), and this page explains the principal systems. This section also covers the post-privatisation period, as the broad numbering and classification arrangements have not altered since the break-up of BR.
For further information on individual classes of locomotive or multiple unit, see these pages:
Related pages on BR numbering and classification include:
Motor Rail
Motor Rail was a British locomotive-building company, based in Bedford. Formed in 1911 as The Motor Rail & Tramcar Co Ltd, they built petrol and diesel engined locomotives, mainly narrow gauge. During World War I over 900 locos were supplied for use on temporary military supply railways. The trade name Simplex was used from the early days; in 1972 the company was renamed Simplex Mechanical Handling Ltd.
Metropolitan-Vickers
British Rail Class 99
English Electric (EE) was a British industrial manufacturer. Founded in 1918, it initially specialised in industrial electric motors and transformers. Its activities would expand to include railway locomotives and traction equipment, steam turbines, consumer electronics, guided missiles, aircraft and computers.
English Electric Diesel Engines was the diesel engine division of English Electric. It built diesel engines under the names English Electric, Napier and Dorman.
Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company
The Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company (BRC&W) was a railway locomotive and carriage builder, founded in Birmingham, England. For most of its existence, it was at nearby Smethwick, with the factory divided by the boundary between the two places. The company was established in 1854.
Brush Traction
Yorkshire Engine Company
The Yorkshire Engine Company (YEC) was a small independent locomotive manufacturer in Sheffield, England. The Company was formed in 1865 and continued to produce locomotives and carry out general engineering work until 1965. Mainly known for shunting engines for the British market, but also built main line engines for overseas customers.
Ephesus (; ) was an ancient Greek city on the west coast of Anatolia, now in Turkey. It was one of the twelve cities of the Ionian League. The Apostle Paul is said to have addressed an epistle to the Christians of the city., and it is now known as the Epistle to the Ephesians in the New Testament. The site still possesses many well preserved Roman ruins side by side with rich history.
Most significant are the odeon, used as a concert hall and city council with the capacity of 1.500 people, Temple of Hadrian dating back to the second century where one of the best sculpture craftsmanship can be seen, Curettes Street hosting many monuments and countless colums on the sides of its marble paved ground, a fountain dedicated to Emperor Trajan where a part of a remaining statue shows us that Romans knew the round shape of the world in the first century AD, and latrines (toilets) where it can be seen how they cared about public sanity.
Two other of Ephesus's outstanding monuments hold importance not just for their home city also for world's cultural and architectural heritage. The first one is the library of Celsus which is located at the end of the Curettes Street. The library looks like a two storeyed building seen from the facade but as we know it former had three stories inside. The facade shows a rare found craftsmanship. Also the library was the third biggest library of the ancient world, after the libraries of Alexandria and Pergamon. Anyone who stands in front of this monumental building can understand why did it take twenty years (115 AD to 135 AD) to complete it.
The second one is Ephesus' grand theatre which had the capacity of 25.000 spectators. It was not just a place of art also as we know it was used for animal and gladiator fights. With its great dimensions it makes one think about how small my moment in time really is. It's one of the sacred ruins of Ephesus, according to the Acts of the Apostles (19:23-41), the theater was the site of the "riot of the silversmiths" in which those who made silver figures of Artemis the pagan godess of the city rioted because Paul's preaching was bad for business. In the 1st century AD, the Apostle Paul spent over three years in Ephesus and he sermonized many times, disapproving pagan worship, in this theater.
Je (Cyrillic)
Yeh (Ј, ј) is a letter of the Cyrillic alphabet, used in the Serbian, Macedonian, Azeri, and Altai languages.
In Serbian, Macedonian and Azeri this letter sounds like [y]. Since the letters Я (ya), Є (yeh), Ё (yo), Ї (yee) and Ю (yu) are not used in those languages, they are written as Ja, Je, Jo, Jи and Jy.
It is also used in the Altai language to show [ʤ] or [j].
In Russian, Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Belarusian languages, Й is used instead of Ј.
Craniata
Craniata (sometimes Craniota) is a proposed clade of chordate animals that contains the vertebrates (subphylum Vertebrata) and Myxini (hagfish) as living representatives. Craniata includes all animals with a skull, or cranium, as the name suggests.
These two taxa lack proper vertebrae, which are characteristic for vertebrates according to the new interpretation, whereas traditionally—and confusingly—they were not (Hickman et al., 2007).
Ka (Cyrillic)
Ka (К, к) is the tenth letter in the Cyrillic alphabet. It sounds like [k].
It comes from the Greek letter kappa and is the same as the Roman K.
El (Cyrillic)
El (Л, л) is the eleventh letter of the Cyrillic alphabet. It sounds like [l]. It comes from the Greek letter lambda and is the same as the Roman L. It looks like Pe, ("П", "п"), another letter in the same alphabet but its left leg is curved.
Kingdom of Tungning
The Kingdom of Tungning was the first Han Chinese government to rule Taiwan. It ruled between 1661 and 1683. It was a pro-Ming Dynasty kingdom. It was started by Koxinga, after the destruction of Ming government by the Manchu. Koxinga was son of a pirate who was a supporter of the Ming Dynasty. He hoped to get his soldiers together on Taiwan and use it as a base to get back mainland China for the Ming Dynasty.
The Kingdom of Tungning is also sometimes known as:
Admiral Koxinga called Taiwan Tungtu/Dongdu. In western history books it is known as the Kingdom of Taiwan.
In 1661, Koxinga forced a landing at Luerhmen, Taiwan. In less than a year, he took Fort Zeelandia and made an agreement with Frederick Coyett, the Dutch governor. The Dutch gave him the fort and left all the goods and property of the Dutch East India Company behind. All the Dutch people, officials and soldiers were able take their "personal" things and supplies back to Batavia in safety. This ended 38 years of Dutch colonial rule on Taiwan. Koxinga kept himself busy making Taiwan into a useful base for anti-Qing Dynasty supporters who hoped to get the Ming Dynasty back to power.
In 1662, at the age of 39, Koxinga died of malaria. Some people said that he died in a sudden fit of craziness when he heard about the death of his father under the Qing. His son, Zheng Jing, took control as the ruler of Taiwan, with the name of Prince of Yanping.
For the next 19 years, Zheng Jing tried to run the country and rebuild his army in Taiwan. Contact with the Kangxi Emperor of the Qing Dynasty from the China through ambassadors was frequent. Zheng Jing fought the Qing to defend Xiamen, Quemoy and the Pescadores islands, which he finally lost over the years. His small army army was not big enough to defend the islands from the Qing. During Revolt of the Three Feudatories, Zheng Jing started an attack in the Fujian area. At the end of the revolt, Zheng's army was defeated. After the defeat, Zheng went back to Taiwan where he spent his time with wine and women, dying soon after of illness. After his death, his generals and ministers were split into two groups, each supporting one of his sons to take take over. After some fighting, Zheng Keshuang, his 12 year old son, became the new king.
In 1683, after the Battle of Penghu, Zheng Keshuang gave himself up to the Qing. His kingdom was added to the Qing Dynasty as part of the Fujian Province.
The Kingdom of Tungning lasted for just over 20 years. Because its history is almost the same as modern Taiwan, it has great symbolic value.
After its defeat in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, the Republic of China (ROC), led by the Kuomintang, went to Taiwan. They left mainland China to the Communist Party who started the People's Republic of China (PRC). For many years, the ROC planned to take control of the mainland. It kept island bases close to the mainland (for example, Quemoy). This was the same as Koxinga and his sons had done. The ROC has now become a democracy and no longer wants to take over the mainland. The political and territorial arrangement has not changed. In this way, it is the same as between the Qing/Koxinga situation and the current PRC/ROC situation.
The Kuomintang of the ROC have talked a lot about the goals of Koxinga. They were going to use Taiwan as a base for returning their government to Mainland China. They see themselves as the defenders of the ROC. They see Taiwan as a base from which the ROC will take back control of the mainland. The PRC talks about the fact that Koxinga freed Taiwan from Dutch colonialism for the sake of the motherland. They do not talk about the fact that Koxinga was trying to get rid of the mainland government, to bring back an earlier dynasty.
Bredevoort
Bredevoort is a small village in the municipality of Aalten, in the region of Achterhoek in the Netherlands. It is between the towns of Aalten and Winterswijk. About 1,600 people live there.
Today they name Bredevoort also "Bredevoort boekenstad" ("Bredevoort book town"). There are now more than twenty second-hand book shops in the town.
The name Bredevoort appears for the first time in 1188, when the earl of Steinfurt tried to sell his share of the castle to the bishop of Münster and the earl of Lohn tried to sell his share to the earl of Gelderland, a war broke out between the bishop and the earl of Gelderland. The fight lasted for almost two centuries. From 1326, Bredevoort was actual part of Gelderland. Between 1326 and 1696 the municipality of Bredevoort repeatedly changed ownership during the eighties years of war. In 1646, lightning hit the gunpowder tower of the castle of Bredevoort, causing an explosion that destroyed the castle and the town, killing Lord Haersolte of Bredevoort and his family, as well as others. Only one son, Anthonie, who was not home that day, survived. The former municipality of Bredevoort was comprised of the city, the castle Bredevoort, and the villages Aalten, Dinxperlo and Winterswijk. After centuries of war, its fortifications were demolished by its residents. In 1818, the municipality of Bredevoort was dissolved to become part of the city Bredevoort under the newly formed municipality Aalten.
Plzeň
Plzeň (Czech/German: ) is the fourth largest city in the Czech Republic. About 165,238 people live there. It is in the west of the historical region Bohemia. Famous beer is made there.
The Imperial Territory of Alsace-Lorraine ( or , or ) was a territory created by the German Empire in 1871 after its victory in the Franco-Prussian War. It was made up of almost all of the French region of Alsace and about a quarter of Lorraine, hence its name. France took it back in 1918 and it became part of that country as a result of Treaty of Versailles in 1919. Nazi Germany "de facto" took it back in 1940 but France took it back in 1945.
The territory has been part of France since then. In 2016 it became part of the Region of Grand Est.
Isah Eliakwu
Isah Eliakwu (born 25 October 1985) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Varese.
113||18||9||4||122||22
Teruyuki Moniwa
Moniwa was born in Atsugi on September 8, 1981. He joined J1 League club Bellmare Hiratsuka (later "Shonan Bellmare") from youth team in 1999. Although he played many matches as center back from first season, the club finished at the bottom place and was relegated to J2 League. He became a regular player from summer 2001. In 2002, he moved to J1 club FC Tokyo. He played many matches as center back with Jean until 2006. The club won the champions in 2004 J.League Cup which is first major title in the club history. However his opportunity to play decreased for injuries from 2007 and he could only 9 matches in 2009 season. In 2010, he moved to Cerezo Osaka. He played many matches as regular center back until 2012. However he lost his opportunity to play for injury from July. In 2014, Moniwa moved to Thailand and signed with Bangkok Glass. In 2015, Moniwa returned to Japan and re-joined Cerezo Osaka which was relegated to J2 from 2015 season. Cerezo was at the 4th place in J2 for 2 years in a row and was promoted to J1 end of 2016 season. In 2017, Cerezo finished at 3rd place in J1 League and won the champions in J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. However he could hardly play in the match in 2017 and he could not play at all in the match in 2018. In 2019, Moniwa joined Japan Football League club Maruyasu Okazaki.
On October 8, 2003, Moniwa debuted for the Japan national team against Tunisia. He was also selected Japan U-23 national team for 2004 Summer Olympics. In 2006, he was selected Japan for 2006 World Cup instead Makoto Tanaka who was injured. He played 9 games and scored 1 goals for Japan until 2006.
399||3||32||0||71||0||8||0||2||0||512||3
32||0||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||32||0
431||3||32||0||71||0||8||0||2||0||544||3
Kenta Hasegawa
Hasegawa was educated at and played for Shimizu Higashi High School. He won the national high school championship with his teammates including Katsumi Oenoki and Takumi Horiike. He continued his study and football at University of Tsukuba where he won the Kanto University League title in 1987.
After graduating from the university in 1988, he joined Japan Soccer League side Nissan Motors. He contributed to the club winning the Emperor's Cup twice in 1988 and 1989. When Japan's first-ever professional league J1 League started, Shimizu S-Pulse was founded in his local city. He joined the club in 1992 and re-united with his high school teammates Oenoki and Horiike. He helped the club to win the J.League Cup in 1996. He retired as a Shimizu player after the club won the second stage of the J1 League 1999 season. He played 207 league matches and scored 45 league goals in 7 seasons at Shimizu.
Hasegawa was capped 27 times and scored 4 goals for the Japanese national team between 1989 and 1995. His first international appearance came on January 20, 1989 in a friendly against Iran in Teheran. He was a member of the Japan squad who participated in the 1994 World Cup qualification. In the crucial last match, Hasegawa was substituted in the 59th minute by Masahiro Fukuda and watched from the bench a late Iraqi equaliser dashed Japan's hope to qualify for the finals in the US, the match that the Japanese fans now refer to as the "Agony of Doha" ().
In 2005, Hasegawa became a manager for Shimizu S-Pulse. The club won the 2nd place at 2005, 2010 Emperor's Cup and 2008 J.League Cup. He resigned end of 2010 season. In 2013, he signed with J2 League club Gamba Osaka which was relegated to J2 from 2013. The club won the champions in 2013 and was relegated to J1 League. In 2014, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. The club also won the champions 2015 Emperor's Cup. In 2018, he moved to FC Tokyo. In 2019, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League. In 2020, the club won the champions Emperor's Cup.
240||54||19||7||53||12||312||73
!Total||27||4
Alcindo Sartori
Alcindo Sartori (born 21 October 1967) is a former Brazilian football player.
130||80||7||4||6||2||143||86
Masayuki Okano
Okano was born in Yokohama on July 25, 1972. After dropped out from Nihon University, he joined J1 League club Urawa Reds in 1994. In 1990s, he played as forward in many matches from first season. In 2001 season, his opportunity to play decreased and he moved to Vissel Kobe in September. He played as midfielder from then. He returned to Urawa Reds in 2004. The club won the champions 2006 J1 League, 2005 and 2006 Emperor's Cup. In Asia, the club won 2007 AFC Champions League. In 2009, he moved to Hong Kong First Division League club TSW Pegasus FC. In July 2009, he returned to Japan and joined Japan Football League club Gainare Tottori. The club won the champions in 2010 and was promoted to J2 League. He retired end of 2013 season.
In January 1995, Okano was selected by the Japan national team for the 1995 King Fahd Cup, but he did not play in the match. On September 20, he debuted for the Japan national team against Paraguay. In 1996, he played at the 1996 Asian Cup. During 1998 World Cup qualification, in the final qualifier match for the 1998 World Cup against Iran, he scored the golden goal that took Japan to their first ever World Cup finals. At the 1998 World Cup, he played 29 minutes as a substitute against Croatia. He also played at the 1999 Copa América. This competition was his last game for Japan. He played 25 games and scored 2 goals for Japan until 1999.
393||43||34||5||58||5||6||0||491||53
9||1||4||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||14||1
402||44||38||5||59||5||6||0||505||54
!Total||25||2
Mohamed Al-Deayea
Mohamed Al-Deayea (born 2 August 1972) is a Saudi Arabian football player. He plays for Al-Hilal.
!Total||181||0
Masaaki Sawanobori
Sawanobori was born in Fujinomiya on January 12, 1970. After graduating from Tokai University, he joined new club Shimizu S-Pulse based in his local Shizuoka Prefecture in 1992. He played as regular player from first season. He was selected "J.League Rookie of the Year" in 1993. In 1996, the club won J.League Cup. In 1999, the club won the 2nd place in J1 League and he was selected "Japanese Footballer of the Year awards". In Asia, the club also won 1999–00 Asian Cup Winners' Cup. In 2001, the club won Emperor's Cup. He retired in 2005. He played 381 games and scored 85 goals in the league.
In April 1993, Sawanobori was selected the Japan national team for 1994 World Cup qualification. At this qualification, on April 8, he debuted against Thailand. In 1994, he also played at 1994 Asian Games. In September 1999, he played for Japan for the first time in 5 years. In 2000, he played at 2000 Asian Cup qualification. This qualification was his last game for Japan. He played 16 games and scored 3 goals for Japan until 2000.
381||85||41||10||57||11||1||1||480||107
Christian Obodo
Christian Obodo (born 11 May 1984) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Udinese.
172||9||23||2||30||1||225||12
!Total||21||4
Willem Einthoven (May 21, 1860 - September 29, 1927) was an Dutch doctor. He won the 1924 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, for inventing the electrocardiogram.
Stephen Makinwa
Stephen Makinwa (born 26 July 1983) is a Nigerian football player. He plays for Lazio.
192||35
Obafemi Martins
Sho Naruoka
Sho Naruoka (born 31 May 1984) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Júbilo Iwata.
130||19||14||4||34||3||8||2||186||28
British Rail coach designations
The London, Midland and Scottish Railway and the London and North Eastern Railway both developed a system of identifying carriages by means of alphabetic codes. When British Railways was formed in 1948, it decided to adopt the former LNER method of carriage classification.
The codes are made up from a combination of letters, some of which can indicate more than one word; their meaning can only be determined according to their position, or the presence of other letters, in the code. The letters used are:
These letters (except for "Y" and "Z") did not usually apply to the wide variety of passenger-rated but goods carrying vans (e.g. parcels vans, horse boxes, milk and fish vans). Their codes were an acronym of their traditional railway description, e.g. GUV for General Utility Vans.
The following list lists those codes that were actually used on British Railways, cross-referred to the comparable code used by the LMS, with the exception that the letter "S" (""Second"", later ""Standard"") is used where until 1956 the letter "T" (""Third"") is used. Suffix codes "Y" or "Z" are not shown, as these could apply to variants of any or all vehicle types.
In the original LNER coding system, "S" stood for ""Second"", an intermediate class between "First" and "Third" (which later became "Second"). The original "Second" was more or less abolished in the 1870s (as a result of the Railway Regulation Act 1844), remaining only in limited use for special services, such as those meeting ships (which retained the three-class system from which railway classifications had originated). In the 1980s, BR renamed "Second" to "Standard". Many of the classifications listed below are no longer used, and some did not survive until the designation ""Standard"".
Note that in modern usage, composite semi-open vehicles are classified "Cso" – the "s" signifying that the Standard portion is open (implying that the First portion is compartments with corridor).
Shiro Kikuhara
Kikuhara was born in Kanagawa Prefecture on July 7, 1969. He joined Yomiuri (later "Verdy Kawasaki") from youth team in 1985. In February 1986, when he was 16 years old, he debuted in Japan Soccer League. The club won league champions 3 times, JSL Cup 2 times and Emperor's Cup 2 times. In Asia, the club also won 1987 Asian Club Championship. In 1992, Japan Soccer League was folded and founded new league J1 League. The club won 1993 J1 League, 1992 and 1993 J.League Cup. However his opportunity to play decreased. So he moved to Urawa Reds in 1994. He returned to Verdy Kawasaki in 1996 and retired end of the season.
On July 29, 1990, Kikuhara debuted for the Japan national team against China. He also played at 1990 Asian Games. He played 5 games for Japan in 1990.
104||13||19||1||28||3||151||17
Cha Bum-kun
Cha Bum-Kun (; born 22 May 1953) is a South Korean professional athlete. He is best known as an association football player. He was a member of the Korean national team.
308||98
!Total||121||55
Parry People Movers
SR multiple unit numbering and classification
Virgin Trains
Virgin Trains was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. They ran trains from London Euston to the North West, West Midlands and Scotland on the West Coast Main Line and trains on the East Coast Main Coast Mainline between London, Yorkshire, the North East and Scotland. Before 11 November 2007, they also ran trains linking the south and south-west of England with the north of England through Manchester and Scotland, through Birmingham, under the CrossCountry franchise. Although it was branded as part of the Virgin Group, Virgin's share in the company was only 51%, with the remaining 49% owned by Stagecoach. Virgin's share in Virgin Trains East Coast was only 10% with 90% being owned by Stagecoach, although the company was also branded under the Virgin name.
Their first trains, formerly owned by British Rail, were very old and broke down a lot, but were replaced by new ones in 2002 on the West Coast and CrossCountry lines. New trains are being built for their East Coast operations.
CrossCountry
CrossCountry is a train operating company, the brand name of XC Trains Limited owned by Arriva, that has operated Great Britain’s Cross Country rail franchise since 11 November 2007. The franchise was formed through the amalgamation of most of the former Cross Country franchise previously held by Virgin Trains (which consisted of inter-city services that do not terminate in London) with some of the longer-distance routes (including some former Central Citylink services) operated by the former Central Trains.
East Midlands Trains
East Midlands Trains (EMT) was a train operating company in the United Kingdom. It was based in Derby and provided train services in the East Midlands and surrounding areas, mainly in the counties of South Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire, Derbyshire, Northamptonshire and Lincolnshire.
East Midlands Trains started running the East Midlands franchise in November 2007. It took over the train operating companies Midland Mainline, which operated inter-city services from London to Yorkshire, and the eastern side of Central Trains.
In 2019, the East Midlands franchise was given to a new company, East Midlands Railway, owned by Abellio. The new company took over operations in August 2019.
Great Western Railway (train operating company)
Great Western Railway, formerly known as First Great Western is a British train operating company owned by FirstGroup, which has services in the west and south west of England and South Wales. It also runs the "Night Riviera" overnight train between London and Penzance.
Near the end of January 2010, First Great Western said that an £8,000,000 refresh programme to their fleet of Class 166 Turbo DMU trains would happen.
The company began operating on 4 February 1996 as Great Western Trains, as part of the privatisation of British Rail, and in December 1998 became First Great Western after FirstGroup bought the company. On 1 April 2006, First Great Western Link and Wessex Trains were combined into First Great Western. On 20 September 2015, FirstGroup started to operate an extended franchise that is due to run until 30 March 2019. With the new franchise, the company rebranded as Great Western Railway and introduced a new livery.
Great Western Railway runs most of the passenger train services on the Great Western main line.
Pardubice
Pardubice is a city in the Czech Republic. About 89.245 people live there. It is in the east of the historical region Bohemia. Dominik Hašek, a famous ice hockey goaltender, was born there.
Grand Central (train operating company)
National Express East Anglia
National Express East Anglia was a train operating company and brand name of London Eastern Railway Ltd in the United Kingdom. It is part of the National Express Group and was branded as <nowiki>‘one’</nowiki> from 1 April 2004 to 26 February 2008. It provides local, suburban and express services from Liverpool Street station in the City of London to destinations in the railway franchise known as the "Greater Anglia" network, stretching from north and east Greater London to Essex, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Suffolk and Norfolk in East Anglia.
National Express East Coast
National Express East Coast was the name under which the train operating company NXEC Trains Ltd operated the "InterCity East Coast" rail franchise, which includes services in England and Scotland along the East Coast Main Line. NXEC Trains Ltd was a subsidiary of National Express Group. National Express took over the franchise from the Great North Eastern Railway (GNER).
In 2009, the company obtained significant losses and decided to bail on the franchise, leaving the government to directly operate the railway under the brand East Coast, and the government in turn decided to terminate National Express's other franchise National Express East Anglia 3 years early. 6 years on, National Express only operates one franchise, from the nine in operated in 2003. It remains to date only the second time an operator has defaulted on its franchise.
Network Rail
Wrexham &amp; Shropshire
Wrexham & Shropshire (WSMR) was the operating name of the Wrexham, Shropshire and Marylebone Railway Company, a former train operating company in the United Kingdom. The company had a seven-year agreement to operate passenger train services from Wrexham via Shropshire to London on an open-access basis. Wrexham & Shropshire began services on 28 April 2008. The service finished on 28 January 2011.
Paddington station
Paddington railway station, also known as London Paddington, is the main National Rail and London Underground station in northwest central London.
The site is old. It has been as the London end of the Great Western Railway and its successors since 1838. Much of the current mainline station dates from 1854, and was made by Isambard Kingdom Brunel. The site was first served by Underground trains in 1863, and was the first western end-point of the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground railway.
The station now has an extra job as the London end point for the Heathrow Express airport service. Paddington is in Travelcard Zone 1.
The fast services are run by First Great Western. The main stations for the services are shown below:
There are also trains to Slough, Ealing, Heathrow Airport and Maidenhead.
One train from Paddington goes to Heathrow Airport that being the Heathrow Express which travels to Heathrow airport and doesn't stop at any stations along the way.
Below are the lines and main stations on the line:
The National Rail part is named London Paddington, a name used outside London, but not by many people who live there. Parts of the station, like the main train shed, were built in 1854 by Isambard Kingdom Brunel as the London end point for the Great Western Railway (GWR). Today, it is one of 18 UK railway stations looked after by Network Rail.
Paddington has 14 end platforms, numbered 1 to 14. Platforms 1 to 8 are below the oldest three parts of Brunel's 1854 train shed, and platforms 9 to 12 are below the fourth part. Platforms 13 and 14 are within the Metropolitan Railway's old Bishop's Road station to the north-west. There are two through platforms, 15 and 16, used by the London Underground's Hammersmith & City and Circle lines.
Great North Eastern Railway
Great North Eastern Railway (GNER) was a British train operating company, owned by Sea Containers Ltd. It operated high-speed express train services on the East Coast Main Line from 1996 until the takeover in 2007 of the franchise by National Express East Coast on 9 December 2007.
British Rail Class 901
British Rail Class 930
British Rail Class 950
The British Rail Class 950 is a diesel multiple unit that was purpose-built for departmental use as a track assessment unit. It was built in 1987 using the same bodyshell as the Class 150/1 "Sprinter" units that were built from 1985-1986.
British Rail Class 951
British Rail Class 960
British Rail MPV
British Rail APT-E
Advanced Passenger Train
British Rail Class 910
British Rail Class 931
British Rail Class 932
British Rail Class 933
Bear Behaving Badly
Bear Behaving Badly is a children's comedy television programme. It is shown at 17:45 on Thursday evenings. It stars Barney Harewood and Nev the Bear both from the "ex" CBBC programme "SMILE". It is produced by Darrall Macqueen Limited for CBBC.
The programme also includes characters such as Allyson Brown as Beatrice (Beetroot, as Nev calls her), Glen Davis as Mr. Andy Prank (Mr. Angry-pants, as Nev calls him), and Beverly Hills as Postie. The puppets are Nev The Bear (Ross Mullan) and Crazy Keith (Simon Buckley)
British Rail Class 936
British Rail Class 937
Network Rail New Measurement Train
Train operating company
Euston railway station
Euston station is a major railway station and London Underground station in north central London, in the London Borough of Camden. It is the seventh busiest rail terminal in London (by entries and exits). It is one of 18 British railway stations managed by Network Rail, and is the southern terminus of the West Coast Main Line. Euston is the main rail gateway for Virgin services to/from the West Midlands, the North West, North Wales and Scotland. It is also a rail gateway for London Midland services to/from Greater London, West Midlands and the North West.
It is connected to Euston tube station and near Euston Square tube station of the London Underground. These stations are in Travelcard Zone 1. There is also a bus station on the precinct.
Euston station is directly connected to, and above, Euston tube station, which is served by the Victoria Line and Northern Line (both Bank and Charing Cross branches) of the London Underground.
Euston Square tube station on the Circle Line, Hammersmith & City Line and Metropolitan Line is a three-minute walk from the station along Euston Road.
Virgin Group
Virgin Group Ltd is a branded venture capital organization founded by British business tycoon Sir Richard Branson. The core business areas are travel, entertainment and lifestyle, among others. Virgin Group's date of incorporation is listed as 1989 by Companies House, who class it as a holding company; however Virgin's business and trading activities date to 1970. The net worth of Virgin Group LTD as of September 2008 is £5,010,000,000.
Stagecoach Group
Stagecoach Group plc () is a leading international transport group operating buses, trains, trams, express coaches and ferries. The group was founded in 1980 by the current chairman, Brian Souter, his sister, Ann Gloag, and her former husband Robin. The group is based in Perth, Scotland, and has operations in the United Kingdom and North America.
Megatrain
Megatrain is a virtual no-frills intercity train service run by Scottish-based Stagecoach Group. The service began in the United Kingdom on 1 November 2005 with a pilot on South West Trains.
National Rail
InterCity (British Rail)
After the privatisation of British Rail, InterCity trains were divided up into several franchises. The Caledonian Sleeper are transferred to ScotRail, now First ScotRail.
Courland Governorate
Courland Governorate was one of provinces or governorates of the Russian Empire. It was formed in 1795 during the Third Partition out of territory of Duchy of Courland and Semigallia.
North of the governorate were the Gulf of Riga, the Baltic Sea and the Governorate of Livonia. West of it was the Baltic Sea. South of it were the Vilna Governorate and Prussia. East of it were the Vitbesk Governorate and the Minsk Governorate.
The governorate ended in 1915 when the German Empire conquered it. Russia surrendered the governorate during the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk on March 3, 1918.
Euston tube station
The Euston tube station is a London Underground station. It is served by the Victoria Line and both branches of the Northern line (not to be confused with nearby Euston Square tube station). It directly connects with the Euston mainline station above it. The station is in Travelcard Zone 1.
Euston Square tube station
Euston Square is a London Underground station at the corner of Euston Road and Gower Street, just north of University College London (not to be confused with nearby Euston tube station). The station, which is within walking distance of Euston railway station, is on the Circle, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines, between Great Portland Street and King's Cross St. Pancras. It is in Zone 1 of the underground. The postcode is NW1 2LU.
Singapore Airlines is an airline based in Singapore. It carries people from Singapore to 5 continents in the world. It is a major airline in Southeast Asia as well as on the "Kangaroo Route" from Australia to the UK from Singapore. The company was the first airline to operate the Airbus A380, the world's largest passenger jet with a nickname of "superjumbo" – as well as the Boeing 787-10 and the longer range version of the Airbus A350-900. It was used to fly the longest planned flight in the world, from Singapore to Newark but only to be flown by the Airbus A340-500 until they were dropped in November 2013 until they operate it back with the new Airbus A350-900ULR in October 2018 with modified fuel system. In addition, there is also a low-cost airline, called Scoot. Scoot is the airline that has a mix of Airbus A320 and Boeing 787.
Singapore Airlines was given "Airline of the Year" by Skytrax in 2008. Its hub, Singapore Changi Airport, was given "Airport of the Year" in 2006.
The Singapore Airlines fleet features exclusively wide-body aircraft from four aircraft families: the Boeing 777, Airbus A380, Airbus A350, and the Airbus A330. As of 31 October 2017, there were 111 aircraft registered in the Singapore Airlines fleet.
Singapore Airlines introduced the Airbus A330-300 in January 2009. It was the first aircraft in the fleet to feature a new regional business class product with 30 lie-flat leather seats in a 2-2-2 configuration, which has since been retrofitted on other regional aircraft in the fleet.
Five further A330s were delivered in 2009, progressively replacing older Boeing 777-200s on medium-haul routes, and the fleet stood at 19 examples by June 2011. All the aircraft were acquired on five-year leases with the option to extend if necessary, designed to fill the airline's capacity requirements until the delivery of Airbus A350s and Boeing 787s.
The airline committed to an additional 15 A330 aircraft in June 2011, which were delivered between 2013 and 2015, continuing to replace older Boeing 777s in the fleet. The A330 fleet was the second largest by type in the airline as of 31 August 2016 (after the Boeing 777 fleet) with 27 aircraft in service. In January 2016 the airline confirmed its intention to eventually replace all A330 aircraft with Airbus A350s in a medium-range configuration by 2019.
Singapore Airlines placed an order for 30 Airbus A350-900 aircraft in 2006, with a further 30 orders placed in 2013. The airline took delivery of the first of the aircraft in February 2016 and flew its delivery flight to Singapore on 2 March. The airline began operating regular services using the A350 on the Singapore-Amsterdam route from 9 May 2016.
On 13 October 2015, Singapore Airlines announced that it had placed orders for seven Airbus A350-900ULR (Ultra-Long Range), which will see the return of non-stop flights between Singapore and both New York and Los Angeles. The A350-900ULR will be configured with approximately 170 seats, compared to 253 in Singapore Airlines' standard A350-900, and will be fitted with the airline's all-new business class seat design due in 2018.
She's Hearing Voices
She's Hearing Voices is a song by Bloc Party. It was first released on their 2004 single "Banquet". It was later released on 7" records by London-based indie label "Trash Aesthetics" in February 2004. "She's Hearing Voices" was later re-recorded for the Bloc Party's debut album Silent Alarm in 2005, while "The Marshals Are Dead" was re-recorded and released on the 7" and DVD single versions of "So Here We Are".
A Weekend in the City
A Weekend in the City is the second studio album by Bloc Party. It was released on 5 February 2007. The album was produced by Jacknife Lee. The album cover is "A Project" by Rut Blees Luxemburg. This album deals more with original day working life than was on "Silent Alarm". The album has themes from the 7 July 2005 London bombings, immigration, drug abuse, and criticism of youth and casual sex. The album has gotten many high reviews by web-critics and fans.
The album came in at #56 in the United Kingdom end of year album chart. It sold about 266,500 copies in 2007. Over 1 million copies of the album have been sold worldwide.
Edward Cave
Edward Cave, ( February 27 1691 – January 10 1754), was an English printer, editor and publisher. In "The Gentleman's Magazine" he made the first general-interest "magazine".
The son of a cobbler, Cave was born in Newton near Rugby, Warwickshire and attended the grammar school there. Cave was made to leave after it was said he stole from the headmaster. He worked at a number of different jobs, such as selling timber, writing and printing. He came up with the idea of a periodical that would cover every subject the educated public was interested in, from commerce to poetry. He tried to get some London printers and booksellers to take up the idea. When no one showed any interest, Cave took on the job by himself. "The Gentleman's Magazine" was started in 1731 and soon became the most important and most copied periodical of its time. It also made Cave very rich.
Cave was a smart businessman. He gave all his energy to the magazine, and hardly ever left its offices at St John's Gate, Clerkenwell. He made use of a lot of writers, the most famous was Samuel Johnson, who was always thankful to Cave for having given him his main job for many years. Cave himself often sent in items to the Magazine under the pen name of Sylvanus Urban.
He also got permission from Lewis Paul for 250 spindles for his patent roller-spinning machine, an early model of the water frame. In 1742 he bought Marvels Mill at Northampton and made this into a cotton mill. This was probably the first water-powered spinning mill in the world. This should have made a lot of money, but it did not. It closed about 1761.
Cave suffered from gout. He is buried at St. James Church, Clerkenwell.
Flagstaff, Arizona
Flagstaff is a city in the northern part of Arizona in the United States. It is the county seat of Coconino County. About 58,200 people were living in Flagstaff in 2006. Flagstaff has an area of 63.6 square miles. It has a humid continental climate ("Dfb" in the Koeppen climate classification).
Great Rift Valley
The Great Rift Valley or East African Rift is a continuous geographical trench, about 6,000 kilometres (3,700 mi) in length, that runs from northern Syria in Southwest Asia to central Mozambique in East Africa. The rift is bordered by a series of mountains and active volcanoes. It is a site of faults and earthquakes.
Basically, the western part of Africa is rifting away from the eastern part. This causes all the geological activity at the Valley. Far in the future, a sea will run between these two parts of Africa. The Arabian peninsula is already almost separated. The whole process is part of plate tectonics. In eastern Africa, the valley divides into two, the Western Rift Valley and the Eastern Rift Valley.
There are about 20 UNESCO World Heritage Sites which owe their formation to the geography and geology of the Great Rift Valley.
The Western Rift is edged by some of the highest mountains in Africa. It contains the Rift Valley lakes, which include some of the deepest lakes in the world (up to 1,470 metres deep at Lake Tanganyika). Much of this area is inside national parks.
The African Great Lakes are a series of lakes formed by the tectonic action of the East African Rift. Most lie within its rift valley.. They include Lake Victoria, the second largest fresh water lake in the world in terms of surface area, and Lake Tanganyika, the world's second largest in volume as well as the second deepest.
The African Great Lakes are divided among three different catchments (river basins). Some, such as Lake Turkana, have internal drainage systems. The largest, in order of size from largest to smallest are:
The lakes in the Eastern Rift have no outlet to the sea and tend to be shallow, they have a high mineral content as the evaporation of water leaves the salts behind.
Lake Malawi (or Lake Nyasa: the name is disputed) is the most southern of the Great Lakes, and empties into the great Zambezi River via the Shire River.
Tablespoon
University of Oregon
The University of Oregon is a public university in Eugene, Oregon in the United States. The school first opened in 1876. It has 295 acres of land, sixty buildings, and over 500 types of trees.