AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
He died while appealing his sentences. His lawyers demands for the removal of his guilty convictions upon his death failed.
Nuon Chea died on 4 August 2019 at the Khmer-Soviet Friendship Hospital in Phnom Penh, aged 93. He had been hospitalized since July 2 for the lack of blood-flow to his toe which turned black.
Due to advanced age Chea's circulation was not delivering blood properly to his toe. Lack of proper circulation brought infection of his toe which eventually killed him most likely by causing sepsis of blood and eventual multiple organs failure. His body was later brought to Sala Krau, Pailin, before cremation in accordance with Buddhist tradition, religion he persecuted.
Clarion, Illinois
Géry Leuliet
Géry-Jacques-Charles Leuliet (12 January 1910 – 1 January 2015) was a French prelate of the Roman Catholic Church and the oldest bishop of the Catholic Church at 104 years of age.
Leuliet was born in Richebourg-l'Avoué. He was ordained to the priesthood on 8 July 1933, in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arras. He was appointed Bishop of Amiens on 14 February 1963 and received his episcopal consecration on 9 May 1963.
Leuliet retired on 15 January 1985 and turned 100 on 12 January 2010 as the bishop's dean in France. Upon the death of Nguyen Van Thien on 13 May 2012, he became the oldest bishop in the world.
Peter Leo Gerety
Peter Leo Gerety (July 19, 1912 – September 20, 2016) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Archbishop of Newark from 1974 to 1986, having previously served as Bishop of Portland (1969–74). At age 104, he was the oldest living Catholic bishop in the United States and the oldest living Catholic archbishop in the world until his death in 2016.
He died in Totowa, New Jersey, on September 20, 2016, and was the world's oldest living Catholic bishop at the time.
Bernard Ferdinand Popp
Bernard Ferdinand Popp (December 6, 1917 – June 27, 2014) was an American Bishop of the Roman Catholic Church.
Popp was born in Nada, Texas in 1917. He was ordained a priest on February 24, 1943 in San Antonio, Texas. Popp was appointed Auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of San Antonio Texas along with Titular Bishop of Capsus on June 3, 1983 and consecrated July 25, 1983.
Bishop Popp retired as Auxiliary bishop of San Antonio March 23, 1993. He died on June 27, 2014, aged 96.
Bernard Joseph McLaughlin
Bernard Joseph McLaughlin (November 19, 1912 – January 5, 2015) was an American Bishop of the Roman Catholic Church to Buffalo, New York. He was the second oldest American Bishop behind Peter Leo Gerety of Trenton, New Jersey.
McLaughlin died at the age of 102 in Buffalo, New York.
Ferid Murad
Ferid Murad (born September 14, 1936) is an American physician and pharmacologist.
Murad is best known for his discoveries which concern the cyclic GMP as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1997 for his discoveries. He shared the prize with Robert F. Furchgott and Louis Ignarro. Murad is an honorary member of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of Kosovo.
In May 2012, the Municipality of Čair proclaimed Murad as an honorary citizen. During the ceremony, Murad dedicated all of his achievements to his nation, Albania.
Ansel Elgort (born March 14, 1994) is an American actor, singer and DJ. As an actor, he is best known for playing Tommy Ross in "Carrie" (2013), Caleb Prior in "Divergent" (2014), Augustus Waters in "The Fault in Our Stars" (2014) and Baby / Miles in "Baby Driver" (2017). As a musician, he is known by his stage name Ansølo.
Elgort was born in New York City, New York. His father is Arthur Elgort, a photographer who has worked for "Vogue". His mother is Grethe Barrett Holby, an opera director. He has Russian Jewish, English, German and Norwegian ancestry. He has been dating his girlfriend, Violetta Komyshan, since high school.
Brendan Gleeson
Brendan Gleeson (born 29 March 1955) is an Irish actor. His best-known movies include "Braveheart", "Gangs of New York", "In Bruges", "28 Days Later", "Troy", the "Harry Potter" movies, "The Guard", the role of Michael Collins in "The Treaty" and as Knuckles in "Paddington 2".
Macon, Missouri
Macon is a city in Macon County, Missouri, United States. The population was 5,500 at the 2012 census. It is the county seat of Macon County.
Louis Ignarro
Louis J. Ignarro (born May 31, 1941) is an American pharmacologist.
Ignarro is best known for his discoveries which concern the nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1998 for his discoveries. He shared the prize with Robert F. Furchgott and Ferid Murad. Due to nitric oxide indirectly being involved in the action of Viagra, he is sometimes referred to as the "Father of Viagra".
Ignarro is an avid cyclist and marathoner, he has completed 13 marathons. He is married and lives in Beverly Hills, California.
Seoul Metropolitan Subway
Seoul Metropolitan Subway, often called the Seoul Subway, is a rail transit system of underground trains and commuter trains that connects Seoul to nearby suburbs.
The system has 22 lines that are named after numbers (Line 1, Line 2, all the way to Line 9). It also has Gyeongui Line, Bundang Line, Shinbundang Line, A'REX, Jungang Line, Gyeongchun Line, Suin Line, Incheon Line 1, Everline, and U Line.
Since 2010, all stations have smartphone-like 46-inch touchscreen kiosks so passengers can look at maps, make free phone calls, and find tourist information. All lines use special RFID cards, such as T-money, or NFC technology where passengers can pay fees.
Meshach Taylor
Meshach Taylor (April 11, 1947 – June 28, 2014) was an American actor. He is best known for his Emmy Award-nominated role as Anthony Bouvier on the CBS hit sitcom "Designing Women" (1986–1993). He also played Hollywood Montrose, a flamboyant window dresser, in the romantic comedy movie "Mannequin" (1987).
Taylor was born in Boston, Massachusetts to African American parents. He was raised in New Orleans, Louisiana. He graduated from Florida A&M University in 1993. Until his death, he had been married to actress, Bianca Ferguson since 1983. They had four children (three daughters and a son).
Taylor died from colorectal cancer on June 28, 2014 in Altadena, California, aged 67. The cancer was terminal.
Amanda Bay
Amanda Bay, also sometimes known as Hovde Cove, is a bay on Princess Elizabeth Land in East Antarctica. It opens to the north into Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen Coast. It was named in 1957 for the daughter of RAAF Squadron Leader Peter Clemence.
The bay is a breeding colony for Emperor Penguins.
Princess Elizabeth Land
Princess Elizabeth Land is part of Antartica. It is located between longitude 73° east and Cape Penck 87°43' east. It includes the land from latitude 64°56'S and the South Pole. It is divided into two sectors:
It is bounded on the west by Mac. Robertson Land and on the east by Kaisar Wilhelm II Land.
The land was discovered in 1931. It was named after Princess Elizabeth of the United Kingdom, who later became Queen Elizabeth II.
It is part of the Australian Antarctic Territory.
Cape Penck
Cape Penck is an ice-covered point on the coast of Antartica. Cape Penck is just east of Philippi Glacier. It separates the Leopold and Astrid Coast from the Kaiser Wilhelm II Coast. It was named for Albrecht Penck, who was a German geographer.
East Antarctica
East Antarctica, also called Greater Antarctica, is the largest part (two-thirds) of the Antarctic continent. It is on the Indian Ocean side of the Transantarctic Mountains. It is the coldest, windiest, and driest part of Earth. East Antarctica holds the record as the coldest place on earth.
East Antartica includes the following areas: Coats Land, Queen Maud Land, Enderby Land, Kemp Land, Mac. Robertson Land, Princess Elizabeth Land, Kaiser Wilhelm II Land, Queen Mary Land, Wilkes Land, Adélie Land, George V Land, Oates Land and Victoria Land. All but a small portion of this region lies within the Eastern Hemisphere.
The Big Bang Theory (season 1)
"The Big Bang Theory"'s first season began on September 24, 2007. It ended on May 19, 2008. It has 17 episodes.
Dr. Leonard Hofstadter (from New Jersey) and Dr. Sheldon Cooper (from Texas) are physicists. In the first episode, Penny moves to the apartment across the hall from them. Penny is a waitress from Nebraska. Leonard wants to start a relationship with her but she wants to be friends.
Howard Wolowitz is an engineer. He enjoys sex but does not want a relationship. Dr. Raj Koothrappali is an astrophysicist from India. He has selective mutism — he cannot talk to women.
Status epilepticus
Status epilepticus (often simply called status) is a medical emergency where the brain will not stop having seizures. In medicine, a person who is having status epilepticus is described as being ""in status.""
Definitions of status epilepticus have changed over time. It used to be that a seizure had to last 20 or 30 minutes to be thought of as status epilepticus. (Most normal seizures last only one to two minutes.)
Today, a person is usually described as being "in status" when:
Status epilepticus is very dangerous. About 10 - 20 % of the people who go into this status die from it.
Status Epilepticus is considered a medical emergency for many reasons:
If people in status get the right treatment quickly, they can survive with little or no brain damage.
Only about one in four people who go into status epilepticus have epilepsy. The other three out of four people who go into status have never had a seizure before. Status epilepticus can happen for many other reasons.
Many different illnesses can cause status epilepticus:
Very bad injuries can also cause status:
Illegal drugs, alcohol, and some medications can cause status:
People in status epilepticus are unable to end their seizures on their own. They are often unconscious and unable to react.
The most common way to end status is to inject special medicines that can stop seizures. If these medicines do not help, the patient must be treated in the intensive care unit at a hospital. Sometimes patients have to be put into a coma to stop very bad status epilepticus.
Active galactic nucleus
An active galactic nucleus (AGN) is a compact region at the centre of a galaxy. This central region radiates huge luminosity over the electromagnetic spectrum. The radiation from an AGN is thought to be caused by mass dragged in by the gravitational pull of a supermassive black hole at the centre of the host galaxy.
This electromagnetic radiation is observed in the radio, microwaves, infrared, optical, ultra-violet, X-ray and gamma ray wavebands.
A galaxy hosting an AGN is called an active galaxy. AGN are the most luminous and persistent sources of electromagnetic radiation in the universe. They can be used to discover distant objects. All theories about the cosmos have to account for AGNs. They are one of the basic facts about the universe.
So-called relativistic jets are extremely powerful jets of plasma which come from some AGNs, notably radio galaxies and quasars. Their lengths can reach several thousand or even hundreds of thousands of light years.
Mirande
Mirande () is a commune in the Gers department, of which it is a subprefecture, in the Occitanie region, southwestern France. It is the administrative center of the "arrondissement" of Mirande and of the canton of Mirande-Astarac.
Mirande was founded in 1281 near the village of "Saint-Jean de Lezian" by the abbot Berdoues and by Bernhard IV, Count of Astarac. The town was built as a bastide (a fortified town). Miranda became, in 1297, the capital of the "County of Astarac".
Mirande was surrounded by a wall with four city gates; the wall was destroyed during the 19th century.
Since 17 February 1800, Mirande is the capital of the "arrondissement" of Mirande.
Mirande is a "commune" found along the Baïse river in the "Astarac", a natural region that is part of "Gascony".
Mirande is at from Auch, from Toulouse, from Tarbes and from Lourdes.
Mirande is surrounded by the following "communes", all of them part of the arrondissement of Mirande: Estipouy and Mouchès to the north, Miramont-d'Astarac to the northeast, Idrac-Respaillès to the east, Saint-Médard to the southeast, Berdoues to the south, Saint-Martin and Monclar-sur-Losse to the west and Montesquiou to the northwest.
The climate of Mirande, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
The inhabitants of Mirande are known, in French, as "Mirandais" (women: "Mirandaises").
With a population of 3,527 (2014), Mirande has a population density of inhabitants/km.
Evolution of the population in Mirande
Mirande is twinned with:
Daniel Bovet
Daniel Bovet (23 March 1907 – 8 April 1992) is an Swiss-born Italian pharmacologist.
Bovet won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1957 "for his discoveries relating to synthetic compounds that inhibit the action of certain body substances, and especially their action on the vascular system and the skeletal muscles".
In 1965, he was the leader of a study team which came to the conclusion that smoking of tobacco cigarettes increased users' intelligence. He later told The New York Times that the objective was not to "create geniuses, but only [to] put the less-endowed individual in a position to reach a satisfactory mental and intellectual development".
Baïse
The Baïse or Grande Baïse () is a French river that flows through the Hautes-Pyrénées, Gers and Lot-et-Garonne departments, in the Occitanie and Nouvelle-Aquitaine regions.
The Baïse river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .
Its average yearly discharge is at Nérac, a small town of the Lot-et-Garonne department that is at about of the confluence with the Garonne river. The largest discharges are during winter and spring, with in February.
Average monthly discharge (m/s) at Nérac
The source of the Baïse is on the Plateau de Lannemezan, in the Capvern "commune" (Hautes-Pyrénées), at an altitude of about .
The Baïse flows through 2 regions, 3 departments and 52 "communes". Some of the "communes" are:
Finally, it flows into the Garonne river at Saint-Léger (Lot-et-Garonne), at of altitude.
Niels Kaj Jerne
Niels Kaj Jerne (December 23, 1911 – October 7, 1994) was a Danish immunologist.
Jerne won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Georges J. F. Köhler and César Milstein in 1957. They won it "[f]or theories concerning the specificity in development and control of the immune system and the discovery of the principle for production of monoclonal antibodies".
According to Jerne's biographer Thomas Söderqvist, Jerne did not play the role of a bench scientist, he could not pipette accurately, and he did not enjoy experimental work. Jerne's Nobel Prize was awarded for theories, rather than discoveries. He developed the "natural selection theory of immunology," which was proposed by Paul Ehrlich 50 years earlier, although he was missing the clonal selection element proposed by David Talmage and later by Frank Macfarlane Burnet. James Watson had told Jerne that his theory "stinks."
He was married three times and had two sons, Ivar Jerne (born 1936) and Donald Jerne (born 1941), with Tjek Jerne. He had a third son, Andreas Wettstein, with Gertrud Wettstein, in 1971. According to Söderqvist, his wife Tjek was distraught when she had found out that Niels was having an affair with her best friend, Adda Sundsig-Hansen. Tjek had told Adda about her own affairs, and Adda then told Neils about them too. After hearing this, Niels demanded a divorce. Tjek begged him to stay but he refused. She would then kill herself. Her son Ivar had woken up in the morning, smelled gas, and found his mother dead by the oven. His second wife was treated as a servant and nanny by Jerne. He was regularly unfaithful to his wives, and even though he was not physically handsome, he had attracted women by his charm as a conversationalist and his skills in the arts of love, which included a liking for sadism.
George Davis Snell
George Davis Snell (December 19, 1903 – June 6, 1996) was an American mouse geneticist and basic transplant immunologist.
Snell won the Wolf Prize in Medicine in 1978. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1980 with Baruj Benacerraf and Jean Dausset. They won it "for their discoveries concerning genetically determined structures on the cell surface that regulate immunological reactions". Snell specifically "discovered the genetic factors that determine the possibilities of transplanting tissue from one individual to another. It was Snell who introduced the concept of H antigens."
Snell was born on December 19, 1903 in Bradford, Massachusetts. He was the youngest of three children. In 1926, Snell received a Bachelor's degree from Dartmouth College. After recommendation by John Gerould, his genetics professor at Dartmouth, Snell completed graduate work at Harvard University where he worked with William E. Castle. In 1930, Snell earned his PhD from Harvard. After he earned his PhD, he worked at Brown University from 1930 to 1931. After he left, he spent two years at the University of Texas as a postdoctoral fellow. He worked with H. J. Muller, a pioneer of radiation genetics (and later, a Nobel Prize winner). Snell worked at WUSTL as a teacher from 1933 to 1934. After he had some short stints as a teacher, Snell joined the Jackson Laboratory staff in Bar Harbor, Maine and spent the rest of his life there. He died on June 6, 1996 in Bar Harbor, Maine.
Allan McLeod Cormack
Allan MacLeod Cormack (February 23, 1924 – May 7, 1998) was a South African American Physicist. He is best known for his work on X-ray computed tomography (CT). He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1979 for his work. He shared the prize with Godfrey Hounsfield.
Cormack was born on February 23, 1924 in Johannesburg, South Africa. During his early years, he attended the Rondebosch Boys' High School in Cape Town, and was a member of the debating and tennis teams. In 1944, Cormack received his B.Sc. in physics from the University of Cape Town and in 1945, he received his M.Sc. in crystallography in 1945 from the university. From 1947 to 1949, he attended University of Cambridge as a research student. While there, he met Barbara Seavey, an American physics student. Comack and Seavey would later get married.
After they got married, Cormack returned to lecture at the University of Cape Town in early 1950. After he took a break at Harvard from 1956 to 1957, Cormack and Seavey moved to the United States. He would then take a job as a professor at Tufts University in 1957. In 1966, he became a naturalized citizen of the United States. Even though he was mostly working on particle physics, he had a side interest in x-ray technology which led him to develop the theoretical underpinnings of CT scanning. The work that he did on this started at the University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital in early 1956. It continued shortly in mid-1957 after he returned from his break. His results were afterwards published in two papers in the Journal of Applied Physics in 1963 and 1964. The papers that had been published drew hardly any interest until the first CT scanner was built by Hounsfield and colleagues in 1971 which took Cormack's theoretical calculations into a real application. He was then the recipient of the 1979 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine which he shared with Godfrey Hounsfield. In 1990, he was awarded the National Medal of Science.
Cormack and his wife had three children; Margaret, Jean and Robert. Cormack died on May 7, 1998 in Winchester, Massachusetts from cancer. On 10 December 2002, Cormack was posthumously awarded the Order of Mapungubwe for his outstanding achievements as a scientist and for co-inventing the CT scanner.
Tropical Storm Amelia (1978)
Peter Harvey
Peter Michael St Clair Harvey (16 September 1944 – 2 March 2013) was an Australian journalist and broadcaster. He worked for the Nine Network for 38 years.
Harvey began his career in journalism for the newspaper "The Daily Telegraph". He won a Walkley Award in 1964.
Harvey soon moved to radio journalism. He worked at radio stations 2UE and 2GB. He later moved to London, England and worked for BBC Radio. He then went on to "The Guardian" as where he won many awards. During the 1960s and/or early 1970s, he worked for "Newsweek" magazine in the United States. Here he worked as a reporter in Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
In 1973, he returned to Australia to work for the Nine Network on television. During his early years at the network, he was a news director and reporter in Canberra for "Nine News". He also worked for "60 Minutes".
In 2001, he won a Centenary Medal. In April 2014, he was added to the Logie Hall of Fame.
Harvey was born in Bellevue Hill near Bondi in Sydney, New South Wales. He was married to Anne and had two children: a daughter (Claire) and a son (Adam). Both of his children went into journalism careers.
In August 2012, Harvey was holidaying in Venice, Italy with his wife, when he found out that he had pancreatic cancer. It was made public on 11 October 2012.
Harvey died on 2 March 2013 at the North Shore Private Hospital in St Leonards, Sydney. He was 68.
The Deep Web is the part of the World Wide Web you can not search on common search websites such as Google. The part you can search is called the Surface Web. The first person who used the term "Deep Web" was Mike Bergman, a computer scientist, in the year 2000.
Some people think that "darknet" and "Dark Web" are the same thing as Deep Web, but they are not. Let's explain what they mean:
In common networks, the Internet Protocols (IPs) of all users are in most cases visible. The Internet Protocol is an important information that reveals, among other things, the location where the user is accessing the Internet from. In darknets, the IPs are hidden, invisible or very difficult to find. This makes many people access darknets because they do not want the others to know this information about them, such as where they are. In other words, they access darknets to have privacy.
There are many reasons people want privacy in the Internet. One of them is to do things forbidden by governments, such as piracy (which means sharing files protected by copyright laws).
Bee-eater
The bee-eaters are a group of land birds in the family Meropidae.
They live in the Old World and Australasia: Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, and New Guinea. They have richly coloured plumage and slender bodies. They have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance. There are 26 different species of bee-eaters.
As the name suggests, bee-eaters eat flying insects, especially bees and wasps. They catch them in the air by darting from a perch. The birds only catch prey which is flying: they ignore flying insects once they land.
Mostly, they eat honeybees. Hymenoptera (ants, bees and wasps) make up from 20% to 96% of all insects eaten. Before eating its meal, a bee-eater removes the sting by repeatedly hitting and rubbing the insect on a hard surface. The bird squeezes out most of the venom.
Bee-eaters live together. They form colonies by nesting in burrows tunnelled into the side of sandy banks, such as those that have collapsed on the edges of rivers. Many of these holes occur together.
Most of the species in the family are monogamous, and both parents care for the young, sometimes with the assistance of other birds in the colony, a behaviour rather unusual for birds.
Summer of '69
"Summer of '69" is the fifth single off Canadian rock musician Bryan Adams' fourth studio album "Reckless". The song was released in June 1985.
When Adams appeared on The Early Show in 2008, he revealed that the song was about sex and making love in the summertime. He also said that "69" was a reference to the sexual position, 69. It is one of Adams' most well known songs and is one of his most successful. It won the BMI (Broadcast Music Inc.) Citation of Achievement for US radio airplay in 1985. In 1986, it won the Procan Award (Performing Rights Organization of Canada) for Canadian radio airplay and in 2000 it won a Socan Classics Award for more than 100,000 Canadian radio performances.
Dermot Healy
Dermot Healy (18 July 1947 – 29 June 2014) was an Irish novelist, playwright, poet, short story writer and actor. His best known fictional novels were "A Goat's Song" (1994), "Sudden Times" (1999) and "Long Time, No See" (2011). His best known work of poetry was "A Fool's Errand" (2010). He was a member of Aosdána. He was also an actor and appeared in the movies "I Could Read the Sky" (1999), "Mapmaker" (2001) and "The Guard" (2011). He was a member of Aosdána.
Healy was called a "master", a "Celtic Hemingway" and as "Ireland's finest living novelist". Writers to have spoken highly of him are Seamus Heaney, Eugene McCabe, Roddy Doyle, Patrick McCabe and Anne Enright.
Healy was born in Finnea, County Westmeath. In his late teens he moved to London, England, before returning to Ireland.
Healy died on 29 June 2014 in Sligo, County Sligo, aged 66. His wife and two children outlived him.
Damian D'Oliveira
Damian Basil "Dolly" D'Oliveira (19 October 1960 – 29 June 2014) was a South African-born English cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Worcestershire from 1982 to 1995. He was later the academy director of Worcestershire County Cricket Club until his death.
D'Oliveira was born in Cape Town. His father, Basil (1931–2011), played for Worcestershire and England. His uncle, Ivan (born 1941), played for Leicestershire. His son, Brett (born 1992), plays for Worcestershire.
D'Oliveira died from cancer on 29 June 2014, aged 53. He had cancer for two-and-a-half-years. His wife and three children outlived him.
Verulamium was an ancient town in Roman Britain. It was in the southwest of the modern city of St Albans in Hertfordshire.
Much of the Roman city is unexcavated, with the modern city built over it. The ancient Watling Street passed through Verulamium, which was one of the most important towns in Roman Britain. Much of the site and its environs is now a scheduled ancient monument.
Before the Romans, it was a settlement of the Catuvellauni tribe, which called it Verlamion. It was among the first places in Britain recorded by name.
Verulamium was burnt to the ground and its people slaughtered by Boudica of the Iceni in AD 61. A black ash layer has been found, confirming the Roman written record. The town was rebuilt, and grew to about by the early 3rd century. It was defended by a deep ditch and wall.
It is the location of the martyrdom of the first British martyr saint, St Alban, who was a Roman patrician converted to Christianity.
Verulamium had a Roman Forum, a basilica and a Roman theatre. Much was damaged by fires in AD 155 and AD 250. The town was rebuilt in stone rather than timber at least twice over the next 150 years. Occupation by the Romans ended between 400 and 450.
There are a few remains of the Roman city visible, such as parts of the city walls, a hypocaust (heating system) still in place under a mosaic floor. Remains of the theatre are on land belonging to the Earl of Verulam. More remains are under the nearby agricultural land, and have never been excavated.
Christian Führer
Christian Führer (5 March 1943 – 30 June 2014) was a German Protestant pastor. He was one of the main figures and organisers of the 1989 Monday demonstrations in East Germany. This led to the German reunification and the end of East Germany in 1990.
Führer was born in Leipzig, Saxony. He grew up in Penig. He studied theology at the University of Leipzig from 1961 until 1966. He retired from his job as a pastor in 2008.
Führer died from respiratory failure caused by lung disease on 30 June 2014 in Leipzig, aged 71.
Adze
An adze is an ancient type of "edge tool". It dates back to the stone age.
Adzes are used for smoothing or carving wood in hand woodworking. They are similar to an axe, but with the head mounted perpendicular (at right angles) to the handle. The cutting edge was made from chipped flint in the Mesolithic, polished stone in the Neolithic, and metal later on.
A very similar (but blunt) tool used for digging in hard ground is called a mattock.
The year 733 (DCCXXXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday in the Gregorian calendar.
Konrad Emil Bloch
Konrad Emil Bloch (21 January 1912 – 15 October 2000) was a German American biochemist.
Bloch won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1964 with Feodor Lynen "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism".
He was born on 21 January 1912 in Nysa, Prussian Silesia, German Empire (today Poland). He studied at the Technical University in Munich from 1930 to 1934. He fled to the "Schweizerische Forschungsinstitut" in Davos, Switzerland in 1934 because of the Nazi persecutions of Jews. He then moved to the United States in 1936. While in the United States, he joined the department of biological chemistry at Yale Medical School.
He earned his Ph.D in biochemistry from Columbia University in 1938. He taught at Columbia University from 1939 to 1946. After that, he went to the University of Chicago and then Harvard University in 1954. He worked there until 1982. He then retired to Florida State University.
In 1964, Bloch won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine which he shared with Feodor Lynen. They won the prize "for their discoveries concerning the mechanism and regulation of the cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism". The work that they did showed that the body first makes squalene from acetate over many steps and then converts the squalene to cholesterol.
Bloch traced the carbon atoms in cholesterol back to acetate. Some of the research that he did was conducted using radioactive acetate in bread mold and this was possible because fungi also produce squalene. The results were confirmed after he tested it on rats.
He was one of the researchers who showed that all steroids were made from cholesterol. His Nobel Lecture was "The Biological Synthesis of Cholesterol".
In 1985, Bloch was named as a Fellow of the Royal Society. He was awarded the National Medal of Science in 1988.
Frank Cashen
John Francis Cashen (September 13, 1925 – June 30, 2014) was an American Major League Baseball general manager and writer. He is often said to have turned the New York Mets into champions with choosing their squad. He was also an executive while the Baltimore Orioles won the 1966 World Series and 1970 World Series.
Chashen was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He gradated from Loyola University Maryland. He had seven children with wife, Jean: Gregory, Terry, Tim, Brian, Sean, Stacey and Blaise.
Cashen died on June 30, 2014 in Easton, Maryland, aged 88.
Álvaro Corcuera
Álvaro Corcuera Martínez del Río (22 July 1957 – 30 June 2014) was a Mexican Roman Catholic priest. He was the former General Director of the Catholic Order of the Legionaries of Christ, replacing Marcial Maciel after a sexual abuse scandal. He had served from January 2005 until early 2012.
Corcuera was born in Mexico City. In April 1975, he became one of the first members of the Regnum Christi Consecrated Men.
Corcuera died from a brain tumor on 30 June 2014 in Mexcio City. He was 56.
Brian Roe
Brian Roe (27 January 1939 – 28 June 2014) was an English cricketer. He played first-class cricket for Somerset from 1957 until 1966. He was a right-handed opening batsman. He made four first-class centuries. He later moved to Minor Counties cricket. Here he played for Devon.
Roe was born in Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire. He retired from playing cricket during his early seventies.
Roe died on 28 June 2014 in Barnstaple, Devon, aged 75.
Rex Whitehead
Rex Vernon Whitehead (26 October 1948 – 26 June 2014) was an Australian Test cricket match umpire and cricketer. He umpired four Test matches between 1981 and 1982. His first match was between Australia and India in Sydney on 2 January to 4 January 1981. Altogether, he umpired 15 first-class matches in his career between 1979 and 1983.
Whitehead was born in Victoria. He retired from umpiring in the 1980s.
Whitehead died from a massive stroke on 26 June 2014, aged 65.
Wolf Koenig
Wolf Koenig (October 17, 1927 – June 26, 2014) was a German-born Canadian movie director, producer, animator and cinematographer. He was a founder of Direct Cinema at the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). For NFB, he worked on movies such as "Neighbours" (1952) and "Lonely Boy" (1962). His animations included "What on Earth!" (1966) and "The House That Jack Built" (1967).
Koenig was born in Dresden, Saxony. He and his family fled Nazi Germany for Canada in 1937.
Koenig died on June 26, 2014 in Toronto, Ontario, aged 86.
Paul Lauterbur
Paul Christian Lauterbur (May 6, 1929 – March 27, 2007) was an American chemist. Lauterbur won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 with Peter Mansfield "for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging".
He served as a professor at the State University of New York at Stony Brook from 1963 until 1985. While there, Lauterbur conducted research on the development of the MRI. Along with his wife Joan, Lauterbur became a professor at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1985. Lauterbur served as the professor for 22 years until he died on March 27, 2007 in Urbana, Illinois.
Nigel Calder
Nigel Calder (born Nigel David McKail Ritchie-Calder; 2 December 1931 – 25 June 2014) was a British science writer and television screenwriter.
He wrote for the magazine "New Scientist" from 1956 until 1966. He was also an editor for the magazine from 1962 until 1966. He soon moved to television screenwriting. He won the Kalinga Prize in 1972.
Calder was born in London, and grew up during World War II. His father was Lord Ritchie-Calder. Nigel Calder was a brother of the historian Angus Calder (1942–2008), mathematician Allan Calder and educationist Isla Calder (1946–2000). He was the father of travel writer Simon Calder and four other children. He was married to Elisabeth Palmer from 1954 until his death.
Calder believed the threat from global warning had been muchly magnified. He helped in making the movie "The Great Global Warming Swindle". He also co-authored "The Chilling Stars". About global warming, Calder said: "Governments are trying to achieve unanimity by stifling any scientist who disagrees. Einstein could not have got funding under the present system".
Calder died on 25 June 2014 in Crawley, West Sussex, aged 82.
Arvid Jacobsen
Arvid Jacobsen (11 October 1938 – 25 June 2014) was a Norwegian newspaper editor.
Jacobsen was born in Oslo. He started off his career with the Labour newspaper "Dagsavisen" (then "Arbeiderbladet"). He was a journalist for "Arbeiderbladet" from 1967 to 1977 and editor-in-chief in presses from 1977 to 1990. Furthermore, he was the main editor-in-chief of "Arbeiderbladet" from 1991 to 1994. Later, he was the information director for the Norwegian Bar Association from 1994 to 2003.
Jacobsen died after a short illness on 25 June 2014 at Ullevål Hospital, Oslo. He was 75.
Baruj Benacerraf
Baruj Benacerraf (October 29, 1920 – August 2, 2011) was a Venezuelan-born American immunologist.
Benacerraf won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1979 for his "discovery of the major histocompatibility complex genes which encode cell surface protein molecules important for the immune system's distinction between self and non-self". He shared the prize with Jean Dausset and George Davis Snell.
He was born in Caracas, Venezuela. He was born to Sephardic Jewish parents from Morocco and Algiers. Benacerraf's brother is Paul Benacerraf, a well-known philosopher. His father was a textile merchant. In 1925, he moved from Venezuela to Paris. In 1940, after he went back to Venezuela, he emigrated to the U.S.. He earned his B.S. at Columbia University School of General Studies in 1942. Benacerraf later went to the Medical College of Virginia where he earned his Doctor of Medicine degree.
Steve Viksten
Stephen Lee "Steve" Viksten (July 19, 1960 – June 23, 2014) was an American television producer, writer and voice actor. He was best known for voicing the character Oskar Kokoshka (and co-creating, writing and producing) on the Nickelodeon animated series "Hey Arnold!". He also wrote many episodes for the shows "Hey Arnold!", "Rugrats", "Recess" and "Duckman". He co-wrote a "The Simpsons"<nowiki>'</nowiki> season 22 episode called "Homer Scissorhands" with Peter Gaffney in 2011. This was his last credit.
Viksten was born in Ventura, California. He went to the University of Missouri, UCLA, and Cal State Fullerton.
Viksten died from a cranial hemorrhage on June 23, 2014 in Roseville, California. He was 53.
E. Donnall Thomas
Edward Donnall "Don" Thomas (March 15, 1920 – October 20, 2012) was a American physician.
Thomas won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1990 with Joseph E. Murray for his help in the development of cell and organ transplantation.
He was born on March 15, 1920 in Mart, Texas. His father was a general practice doctor and often shadowed him. In 1941, Thomas earned his B.A. and studied chemistry and chemical engineering at the University of Texas at Austin. He also earned his M. A. from there in 1943. Thomas met his wife, Dorothy (Dottie) Martin while he was an undergraduate. He had three children with her. In 1943, he went to Harvard Medical School. Thomas worked closely with his wife after she became a lab technician during this time to support their family. He did residency at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital before he joined the US Army. "In 1955, he was appointed physician in chief at the Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital, now Bassett Medical Center, in Cooperstown, N.Y., an affiliate of Columbia University."
He studied rodents that received lethal doses of radiation who were then saved by an infusion of marrow cells at Mary Imogene Bassett. At the time, patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation had all died due to either infections or immune reactions that were not seen in the rodent studies. He began to use dogs as a model system. He moved his lab to the United States Public Health Service in Seattle in 1963. In 1990, he received the National Medal of Science. He was one of 22 Nobel Laureates that signed the Humanist Manifesto in 2003.
Jaroslav Walter (6 January 1939 – 20 June 2014) was a Czech ice hockey player. He played for the Czechoslovak national team from the 1950s until the 1970s. He won a bronze medal at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria.
Walter was born in Sobědraž, Kostelec nad Vltavou, Czechoslovakia (now part of the Czech Republic).
Walter died on 20 June 2014 at the age of 75.
Anatoly Kornukov
Anatoly Mikhaïlovich Kornukov (; 10 January 1942 – 1 July 2014) was a Russian army general from 1959 until 2002. He was a fighter pilot in the Soviet Air Defence Forces. He was commander-in-chief of the Russian Air Force from 1998 to 2002. He got internationally known when it was found out that he ordered Korean Air Lines Flight 007 to be shot down on 1 September 1983.
Kornukov was born in Kadievka, Soviet Union (now Stakhanov, Ukraine).
Kornukov died on 1 July 2014 in Moscow, aged 72.
Bob Jones (police commissioner)
Robert "Bob" Jones ( – 1 July 2014) was a British police officer and politician. He was the West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner for Labour West Midlands Police and Crime Commissioner from 15 November 2012 until his death. He served as a Labour Councillor for Blakenhall Ward on Wolverhampton City Council from 1 May 1980 until 2013.
Jones was born in Wolverhampton. He studied at the University of Nottingham. He got a CBE in 2010.
Jones died in his sleep on 1 July 2014 in Wolverhampton, aged 59.
Nottoway River
Money in the Bank (2014)
Money in the Bank (2014) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE. It was held on June 29, 2014 at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. It was the fifth Money in the Bank event held by the WWE.
Money in the Bank (2013)
Money in the Bank (2013) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE. It was held on July 14, 2013 at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the fourth Money in the Bank event held by the WWE.
The word "breakup" is an idiom. It is when an intimate relationship ends. The term is not used for relationships that end because of death. Marriages which end are not normally called breakups.
A breakup can happen when one person is unhappy in their relationship. If a person ends a relationship, that person "dumps" their partner.
Some relationships end because both people are unhappy. The breakup is then "mutual".
People in a relationship may be unhappy because of differences in:
After a breakup, people may feel grief or unhappiness. Their personality or "sense of social value" may change.
People may need "time to heal" after a breakup. This time can depend on the length of the relationship.
eNation did a survey on breakups in 2008. Almost one in three Americans were in a breakup within the last ten years. Young people were more likely to have been in more than one breakup.
Money in the Bank (2012)
Money in the Bank (2012) was a professional wrestling pay per view show made by WE. It was held on July 15, 2012 at the US Airways Center in Phoenix, Arizona. It was the third Money in the Bank event held by the WE.
Money in the Bank (2011)
Money in the Bank (2011) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by WWE. It was held on July 17, 2011 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the second Money in the Bank event held by the WWE.
The main event between CM Punk and John Cena received a rare 5-star rating from Dave Meltzer of the "Wrestling Observer Newsletter".
Ski-orienteering
Edsbyns IF
Edsbyns IF is a sports club in Edsbyn in Sweden. The club was established on 6 June 1909 and adopted the game of bandy in 1925. It won the Swedish national men's championship in the years of 1952, 1953, 1962, 1978, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2017 and 2018.
Vetlanda BK
Slottsbrons IF
Nässjö IF
Nässjö IF is a sports club in Nässjö in Sweden. It was established on 22 November 1899. The club won the Swedish national men's bandy championship in the year of 1949.
Tammy (movie)
Tammy is a comedy movie released in 2014 directed by Ben Falcone. The movie is about the title character having a terrible day. Melissa McCarthy plays the title character. Toni Collette plays Missi. Susan Sarandon plays Pearl. Kathy Bates plays Lenore.
This movie got negative reviews from many critics. It was released in July 2014.
Paul Mazursky
Irwin Lawrence "Paul" Mazursky (April 25, 1930 – June 30, 2014) was an American movie director, screenwriter, and actor. His best known movies were "Bob & Carol & Ted & Alice" (1969), "Harry and Tonto" (1974), "An Unmarried Woman" (1978), "Moscow on the Hudson" (1984), and "Down and Out in Beverly Hills" (1986). He was nominated for five Academy Awards: three times for Best Original Screenplay, once for Best Adapted Screenplay, and once for Best Picture.
Mazursky was born in Brooklyn, New York City. His family were Jewish and his grandfather was a Ukrainian immigrant. He was married to Betsy (Purdy) Mazursky from 1953 until his death. They had two children. He was an atheist.
Mazursky from a pulmonary cardiac arrest on June 30, 2014 at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California. He was 84.
Hazleton, Pennsylvania
Hazleton is a city in northeastern Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1780. It became a city in December 1891. At the 2010 United States Census, about 25,340 people lived there.
Figeac () is a commune in southern France in the region of Occitanie. It is the "sous-prefecture" (capital) of the "arrondissement" of the same name in the Lot department.
In the late ninth century, the King Pepin I of Aquitaine founded a monastery in Figeac; the town developed around the monastery as an important city on the pilgrimage routes. In the 14th century, the walls of Figeac were built.
Figeac is on the via Podiensis, a major medieval pilgrimage trail which is part of the Way of St. James.
Figeac is on the southwestern edge of the central plateau ("Massif Central"), north of the valley of the Lot river, on the right bank of the Célé river, a left tributary of the Lot.
Figeac is surrounded by the "communes"Camburat, Planioles, Viazac, Lunan, Capdenac, Faycelles, Béduer, Camboulit, Lissac-et-Mouret.
The climate of Figeac, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
The inhabitants of Figeac are known, in French, as "Figeacois" (women: "Figeacoises").
With a population of 9,820, Figeac has a population density of inhabitants/km.
Evolution of the population in Figeac
Figeac forms with other 4 "communes" the urban area of Figeac, with a population of 16,468 inhabitants (2013) and an area of ; one of the "communes" is Capdenac-Gare that belongs to the Aveyron department. This urban area is the centre of the metropolitan area of Figeac, formed by 33 "communes" with a population of 25,593 inhabitants and an area of .
Figeac is a subprefecture of the Lot department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Figeac and the administrative centre () of the Figeac-1 and Figeac-2 cantons.
It is part of the intercommunality "Le Grand Figeac" ().
Figeac is twinned with:
Željko Šturanović
Željko Šturanović (; 31 January 1960 – 30 June 2014) was a Montenegrin politician and lawyer. He was a member of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro (DPSCG). He was the Prime Minister of Montenegro from 10 November 2006 to 29 February 2008. He stepped down from the job because of health reasons.
Šturanović was born in Nikšić, People's Republic of Montenegro, Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (now Montenegro). He studied at the University of Montenegro Faculty of Law.
Šturanović died from lung cancer on 30 June 2014, aged 54. His wife and two children outlived him.
Frank M. Robinson
Frank Malcolm Robinson (August 9, 1926 – June 30, 2014) was an American science fiction and techno-thriller writer, editor and screenwriter. His best known novel was "The Power". In the 1970s, he was a speechwriter for gay politician Harvey Milk, before he was murdered in 1978.
Robinson was born in Chicago, Illinois. He was openly gay. He had a small role in the movie "Milk" (2008) about Harvey Milk, starring Sean Penn.
Robinson died on June 30, 2014 in San Francisco, California, aged 87.
Pierre Bec
Pierre Bec (; 11 December 1921 – 30 June 2014) was a French poet and linguist of the Occitan language. He was one of the founders of the Institut d'Estudis Occitans ("Institute for Occitan studies", IEO). He was also its president as well from 1962 to 1980.
Bec's literature works were "Petite anthologie de la lyrique occitane du Moyen Âge" (1954), "Les saluts d'amour du troubadour Arnaud de Mareuil" (1961), "La langue occitane" (1963) and "Raconte d’una mort tranquilla" (1993). Meanwhile, his linguistics works included "Manuel pratique d'occitan moderne" (1973–1983) and "Les Interférences linguistiques entre gascon et languedocien dans les parlers du Comminges et du Couserans" (1968).
Bec was born in Paris. He spent his childhood in Comminges, where he learnt Occitan. He was deported to Germany between 1943 and 1945. After returning, he studied in Paris, where he graduated in 1959.
Bec died on 30 June 2014 in Poitiers, aged 92.
Alejandra Da Passano
María Alejandra Ana Da Passano (26 July 1947 – 30 June 2014), better known as Alejandra Da Passano, was an Argentine actress of movies, stage plays and television shows. Her best known roles were in "Mr. President" (1970), "Malevo" (1972) and "La madre María" (1974). She was born in Buenos Aires.
Da Passano died on 30 June 2014 in Buenos Aires, aged 66.
SK Tirfing
SK Tirfing is a sports club in Harnäs in Sweden. Established in 1923, the club won the Swedish national men's bandy championship in the year of 1930. The club gave up bandy in 1981, and what remains is a women's team handball section.
Ljusdals BK
Sweden women's national bandy team
Sweden men's national bandy team
Stephen Gaskin
Stephen Gaskin (February 16, 1935 – July 1, 2014) was an American counterculture hippie icon. He was best known for co-founding "The Farm", a famous spiritual intentional community. He was also known for being in the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco, California in the 1960s.
Gaskin was born in Denver, Colorado. He was married to Ina May Gaskin. He had five children. He was in the US Marine Corps from 1952 to 1955.
Gaskin died on July 1, 2014 in Summertown, Tennessee. He was 79.
Umaru Dikko