AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The heat of combustion, also called calorific value or energy value of a substance is the amount of energy that is released when burning a given amount of the substance. This energy is released in the form of heat, when the substance is burned in standard conditions.
Heat of combustion ("Δ"H"°") is the measure of the amount of energy released in the form of heat ("q") when one mole of a substance is burned (combustion). The production of heat means the reaction is an exothermic process and gives off energy. Heat of combustion is a specialized form of reaction enthalpy because it is measured at standard conditions and is limited to one mole starting material. The (°) symbol shows that the heat of combustion value is obtained at standard conditions: 25 degrees Celsius (298.15 Kelvin) and at a constant pressure. The pressure is reported both at either one bar or at one atmosphere depending on the source.
Heat of combustion is also called the enthalpy of combustion because the energy evolved from the combustion reaction results from the change in the overall enthalpy of the starting substance as it reacts completely with oxygen. The terms heat of combustion and enthalpy of combustion are used interchangeably due to the First law of thermodynamics and the relationships between heat at constant pressure ("q"), the change in internal energy (ΔU), and the change in enthalpy (ΔH).
The equation for the change in internal energy is
Δ"U" = "q - "PΔV.
If the equation is rearranged, then
q = Δ"U" + "P"Δ"V".
The equation for the change in enthalpy is
Δ"H" = Δ"U" + "P"Δ"V" + "V"Δ"P".
The term V"Δ"P cancels because there is no change in pressure so
Δ"H" = Δ"U" + "P"Δ"V".
As previously stated,
Therefore, q = Δ"H".
Heat of combustion measurements are most common for the combustion of organic hydrocarbons, compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen, but can include other atoms found in organic compounds such as nitrogen, phosphorous, sulfur and especially oxygen. Heat of combustion values are most widely used for determining if a substance is an effective fuel source. Many organic compounds can be found in Heat of Combustion Tables
The units for heat of combustion can be varied, but are always reported as a unit of energy per mole or per unit of mass or volume depending on the method used to report the values. To evaluate the efficiency of a substance as a fuel, energy per unit of mass or volume is more convenient.
As with all combustions and many oxidation reactions, oxygen must be present in order for the substance to combust. Combustion reactions are carried out with oxygen at constant pressure in a calorimeter. A representative combustion reaction is that of methane (CH) in the presence of oxygen
CH(g) + O(g) → CO + HO(l)
The products of a combustion reaction are water and carbon dioxide gas as long as the reactants are oxygen and hydrocarbons. The water product can be in the form of gas or liquid depending on the temperature post-combustion. A true heat of combustion determination has liquid water at the end of the reaction due to the fact that the experiment is returned to the standard temperature of 25°C at which water condenses into liquid.
Ray Wilson
Ramon "Ray" Wilson MBE (17 December 1934 – 15 May 2018) was an English former footballer. He played at left back. He was a member of the England team that won the 1966 World Cup. In 1971, he managed the Bradford City football team. He was born in Shirebrook, Derbyshire.
Wilson lived in Slaithwaite near Huddersfield with his wife Pat. They had two children. In 2004, Wilson was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. He died of the disease on 15 May 2018 in Slaithwaite at the age of 83.
Dharmendra
Dharmendra (born Dharam Singh Deol; 8 December 1935) is an Indian movie actor and politician. His starring roles in action movies earned him nicknames such as "Action King" and "He-Man". One of his most known roles was in "Sholay" (1975).
He was a member of the 14th Lok Sabha of India, representing Bikaner constituency in Rajasthan from Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He was a member of the Lok Sabha from 2004 through 2009.
In 2012, he was honored India's third highest civilian honour Padma Bhushan by the Government of India.
Nicholas Sand
Nicholas Sand (May 10, 1941 – April 24, 2017) was an American chemist. He was a cult figure known in the psychedelic community for his work as a clandestine chemist from 1966 through 1996 for the Brotherhood of Eternal Love. He was born in New York City.
Sand was part of the League for Spiritual Discovery at the Millbrook estate in New York, has been credited as the "first underground chemist on record to have synthesized DMT" and was known for creating and selling large amounts of LSD.
Sand died in his sleep at his home in California of a suspected heart attack on April 24, 2017 at the age of 75.
Terry Cavanagh
Terence James "Terry" Cavanagh (July 19, 1926 – December 17, 2017) was a Canadian politician, businessman, municipal councilor in Edmonton, Alberta. He served as Mayor of Edmonton from November 14, 1975 through October 19, 1977 and again from October 17, 1988 through October 16, 1989. He was Edmonton's first native-born mayor. He served as an alderman in Edmonton until he retired from politics in 2007.
Cavanagh was born in Edmonton on July 19, 1926, to Scottish immigrants. He played for the Galt Red Wings of the Ontario Hockey Association, where he was a teammate of Gordie Howe during his early years. He died on December 17, 2017 in Edmonton at the age of 91.
The Baseline Move
The Baseline Move may refer to:
Zhanjiang
Zhanjiang (), is a prefecture-level city at the southwestern end of Guangdong province, People's Republic of China, facing Hainan to the south.
Its population was 6,994,832 inhabitants at the 2010 census. 1,611,868 live in the built-up area made of four urban districts: Chikan, Xiashan, Potou and Mazhang. In 2007, the city is named China's top ten livable cities by Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which was released at 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.
Bell TH-67 Creek
Mad Libs is a fill-in-the-blank word game invented in 1958 by Roger Price and Leonard B. Stern.
One player chooses a story and then replaces words with blanks containing (noun, verb, part of body plural, celebrity male, etc.). The other player fills in the blanks by saying the type of the word, but without showing where it is in the story and the words around it. A usually nonsensical story will be made.
Anne Noë
Annie Ida Jenny Noë Haesendonck (born 13 April 1959) is a Belgian football coach and former international goalkeeper. She won 59 caps for the Belgium women's national football team between 1979 and 1994. When playing for the national team, Noë had to wear Jean-Marie Pfaff's old shirts. She stopped playing when she was 35 years old, then became a coach with the Royal Belgian Football Association. In 1999 she was appointed head coach of the national team.
Bone, Idaho
Utah Beach
Camp County, Texas
Camp County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 12,401 people lived there. The county seat is Pittsburg.
Bandera County, Texas
Bandera County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 20,485 people lived there. The county seat is Bandera.
Bastrop County, Texas
Bastrop County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 74,171 people lived there. The county seat is Bastrop.
Baylor County, Texas
Baylor County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 3,726 people lived there. The county seat is Seymour.
Bee County, Texas
Bee County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 31,861 people lived there. The county seat is Beeville.
Bell County, Texas
Bell County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 310,235 people lived there. The county seat is Belton.
Borden County, Texas
Borden County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. In 2010, 641 people lived there. The county seat is Gail.
Grand slam (baseball)
In baseball, a grand slam is a home run hit with runners on first, second, and third base ("bases loaded"). This scores four runs and is the most possible in one play.
According to "The Dickson Baseball Dictionary", the term came from the card game of contract bridge. A "grand slam" in contract bridge involves taking all the possible tricks. The word "slam", by itself, can mean a loud sound, such as a door being closed with a lot of force. "Slamming the door" on one's opponent(s), is similar to the bat slamming the ball into a home run.
Call of Duty: WWII
Call of Duty: WWII is a first-person shooter video game that was released on November 3, 2017 for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Microsoft Windows. The game was developed by Sledgehammer Games and Raven Software and published by Activision.
Bell 407
Saeed Karimian
Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
The Montague–Chelmsford Reforms, sometimes called the Mont-Ford Reforms were reforms introduced to India by the British Raj in 1919. They slowly introduced a system of self-governing institutions.
This was opposed by the Assertive nationalists but welcomed by the Early nationalists.
Deaths in May 2017
Donald Sarason
Donald Erik Sarason (January 26, 1933 – April 8, 2017) was an American mathematician. He made advances in the areas of Hardy space theory and VMO. He was one of the most popular doctoral advisers in the Mathematics Department at the University of California, Berkeley.
Sarason died on April 8, 2017 at the age of 84 in Berkeley, California.
Carl Christ
Carl Finley Christ (September 19, 1923 - April 21, 2017) was an American economist and a Professor Emeritus of Economics at Johns Hopkins University. He was known for his works in econometrics, including an early popular textbook.
Christ was born in Chicago, Illinois. He graduated with a BS in physics from the University of Chicago in 1943. He worked as junior physicist for the Manhattan Project from 1943 to 1945. He then served as an Instructor in Physics at Princeton University, 1945–46, before starting graduate studies in economics at the University of Chicago.
In 1970, he was elected as a Fellow of the American Statistical Association.
Christ died in Baltimore, Maryland on April 21, 2017 at the age of 93.
Chad Young
Chad Young (July 8, 1995 – April 28, 2017) was an American professional cyclist. He was a part of the cycling team Axeon–Hagens Berman from 2015 until his death in 2017. Young was born in Newmarket, New Hampshire.
Young died from injuries he got in a crash at the Tour of the Gila in Tuscon, Arizona on April 28, 2017, aged 21.
R. Vidyasagar Rao
R. Vidyasagar Rao (14 November 1939 – 29 April 2017) was an Indian government administrator and engineer. He was the Chief Engineer (Retired) of the Ministry of Water Resources' Central Water Commission, as well as the Advisor on Irrigation to the Government of Telangana. He was born in Jajireddygudem, Telangana.
Rao died on 29 April in 2017 in Hyderabad, Telangana from bladder cancer, aged 77.
Belchior (singer)
Belchior (, born Antônio Carlos Gomes Belchior, October 26, 1946 – April 30, 2017), was a Brazilian singer and composer. He was one of the first MPB singers from the Brazilian northeast to reach mainstream success, in the early 1970s. He was born in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil.
Belchior died on April 30, 2017 at a hospital in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil from multiple organ failure, aged 70.
Boris Oleynik
Boris Oleynik (; 22 October 1935 – 30 April 2017) was a Ukrainian poet, translator, and politician. He served on the Verkhovna Rada from 1992 to 2006. He was also a member of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. He was a communist. He taught cultural and diplomatic studies at the Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv.
Oleynik died on 30 April 2017 of heart failure in Kiev, Ukraine, aged 81.
Les Mills
Leslie Roy "Les" Mills (born 1 November 1934) is a retired New Zealand track and field athlete and politician. He was born in Auckland, New Zealand. He represented New Zealand at the Olympic Games and Commonwealth Games over twenty years, competing in the shot put and discus throw. At the 1966 British Empire and Commonwealth Games he achieved his best result, a gold medal in the games.
Mills opened his first gym in 1968 and gives his name to Les Mills International, a company founded by his son Phillip Mills. He was Mayor of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, from 1990 to 1998.
Ueli Steck
Ueli Steck (4 October 1976 – 30 April 2017) was a Swiss rock climber and mountaineer. He won two Piolet d'Or, in 2009 and 2014. He was also famous for his speed records on the North Face trilogy in the Alps. He was born in Langnau im Emmental, Switzerland.
In 2008, Steck was the first recipient of the Eiger Award for his mountaineering achievements.
Steck died on 30 April 2017 after being killed in an avalanche in Mount Everest in Nuptse, Nepal, aged 40.
NN ingen Cináed
NN ingen Cináed was the eldest daughter of King Kenneth I (MacAlpin) of the Scots. She was born c. 834 when Kenneth was only 24 years old from an unknown mother. She was the mother of Eochaid, king of Scots who ruled with Giric.
Not much is known about the birth of NN ingen except it happened around 834, somewhere in Scotland. She was born as the eldest daughter of Kenneth and his 11 other siblings, many of whom ruled Scotland.
She married Run mac Arthgail, a king of Strathclyde from c. 872-878. He gave her one child, later to be king of Scots named Eochaid, who was deposed in 889 when she was 55 years old (dead or alive?). She also married Rí na h'Alt Clut who supposedly gave her no child as Eochaid is the only recorded child of NN ingen.
It is unknown when NN ingen Cináed died but would most likely be in the 860s to 880s sometime during or after the reign of Constantine I, Donald I and Eochaid, her son. She died in Ireland.
Macbeth of Scotland
Macbeth (Mac Bethad mac Findlaích in Gaelic) was King of Scotland from 1040-1057. William Shakespeare wrote a famous play about him called "Macbeth". In the play, Macbeth is an evil king who murders his cousin so he can become king. In real life, Macbeth was more peaceful than this, though he did kill King Duncan I of Scotland.
Macbeth was probably born around 1005 in Morayshire, Scotland. His name in Gaelic was "Mac Bethad mac Findlaích" (in modern Gaelic, it is "MacBheatha mac Fhionnlaigh"). His father was Findláech mac Ruaidrí, Mormaer of Moray. When Macbeth was born, he became Mormaer of Moray. Macbeth's mother, Donada, may have been Malcolm II's second daughter.
In 1032, before he became king, Macbeth married Gruoch of Scotland (called "Lady Macbeth" in English). They remained married until his death in 1057. She died three years later, in 1060.
Macbeth may have had one child with Gruoch, but this is not certain. This child was Ferchar Og, Prince of Scots.
Macbeth did have a stepson, Lulach, who succeeded him as king but died in 1058.
On August 17th, 1040, Macbeth murdered King Duncan I in battle and was crowned King of Scotland. His reign continued until August 15th or 17th, when he was murdered in another battle. His stepson Lulach became king in Macbeth's place.
In 1058, Lulach was murdered in battle by his cousin Malcolm III, who then became king.
Macbeth's burial most likely took place soon after his death. He was buried in Iona, Scotland. This is a place where many kings have been buried, starting with the mythical first King of Scots, Kenneth MacAlpin.
Young kings of England
Since the reign of the first kings of England the question of who should rule next has been hard to answer. Examples of this are when Edward the Elder died leaving two sons Aelfward and Athelstan, but Aelfward died 28 days after Edward leaving the throne to Athelstan. But when a king picked his successor in the 1100's it was known as the young king. The next king, the prince of Wales usually got to reign as the young king of England before his ascension but both of the young/junior/titular kings never ascended to the throne.
The young kings of England in order of reign were:
Ever since Henry the Young the next in line has never been crowned as young king and just simply prince of Wales or just titled as "the rightful heir to the English throne".For kings of England, see List of English monarchs.
Donald I of Scotland
Donald I was a king of Scotland from the death of his brother Kenneth MacAlpin (13 February 858) to his own death (sometime 862). He was chosen to be the next king as at this time. He was the son of Aílpin II, a king from Ireland.
Donald I was born in 812, most likely in Iona.
Donald I's reign began on 13 February 858 when his brother Kenneth died from natural causes. He was king for only 3-4 years as he died in 862. He left the throne to his nephew, Constantine I.
Donald I died on 13 April 862, 4 years and 2 months into his reign. He died in battle against Vikings. Not much else is known about his death.
Jerry Heller
Gerald Elliot "Jerry" Heller (October 6, 1940 – September 2, 2016) was an American music manager and businessman. He was best known for managing West Coast rap supergroup and gangsta rap pioneers N.W.A and Eazy-E.
Heller was born in Cleveland, Ohio. He studied at the University of Southern California.
Heller became famous in the 1960s and '70s, importing Elton John and Pink Floyd for their first major American tours, and representing Journey, Marvin Gaye, Van Morrison, War, Eric Burdon, Crosby Stills and Nash, Ike & Tina Turner, Creedence Clearwater Revival, Otis Redding, The Who, REO Speedwagon, Black Sabbath, Humble Pie, Styx, The Grass Roots and The Standells, among many others.
In the mid-1980s he worked with R&B and hip hop acts like Michel'le, World Class Wreckin' Cru, J.J. Fad, The D.O.C., Egyptian Lover and L.A. Dream Team.
Heller played a role in the emergence of West Coast rap music when he managed Ruthless Records with Eazy-E and discovered, signed or managed the likes of N.W.A, The Black Eyed Peas, Above the Law, The D.O.C. and Bone Thugs-N-Harmony.
Heller suffered from a heart attack while driving, resulting in an auto accident. He later died on September 2, 2016 in Thousand Oaks, California.
House of Alpin
The House of Alpin, sometimes referred to as the Alpínid dynasty, Clann Chináeda, and Clann Chinaeda meic Ailpín was the house given to the kings of Scotland, titled as "King of the Picts" from the reign of Kenneth MacAlpin I in 843/848 until the death of Malcolm II in 1034. Although some sources claim that the house lasted until the death of Lulach in 1058.
"The reign of Aed is disputed and many sources list the next monarch after Constantine I as Giric."
The house is considered by most to end with the death of Malcolm II in 1034 but some lists state the house lasted until Lulach, this is the extended house including the rest of 1034-1058's monarchs.
House of Dunkeld
George Genyk
George William Genyk (June 6, 1938 – April 29, 2017) was an American football lineman and coach.
Genyk played college football for the University of Michigan from 1957 to 1959 and was the captain of the 1959 Michigan team. He was drafted by the newly formed New York Titans (renamed the Jets in 1963) in the first tier 1960 American Football League Draft. He coached high school football in Michigan for more than 30 years.
Genyk died of stomach cancer at a medical center in Phoenix, Arizona at the age of 78.
Constantine I of Scotland
Constantine I was a son of Kenneth MacAlpin and was king of Picts "Rex Pictorium" from either 862/863 to 877 when he died in Fife, during a battle against Norse invaders. He was the nephew of his predecessor Donald I and the son of Kenneth MacAlpin I of the Picts and Queen Cinaeth MacDonald. He was styled as king of the Picts but now is traditionally referred to as king of Scots as many consider Kenneth I to be the first king of Scots.
Not much is known about Constantine's birth like many Scottish kings but he was born sometime around 836-844 in Iona, modern day Argyllshire, Scotland. He was the son of Kenneth MacAlpin, king of Scots and an unknown mother, he was a nephew of Donald I, brother to Aed and also to NN Ingen Cináeda.
When Donald I died in 862 of unknown causes, Constantine succeeded him and became the king of Picts, it is unknown if his reign began in 863 with his coronation or 862 with his ascension but most sources agree his reign began in April 862 after the death of his uncle Donald I.
In 877 fighting the Vikings in Fife, Constantine was killed. The throne passed to his brother Aed, as his son was considered too young to be king as he was only around 10 at the time. When Aed died in 878 the throne passed to Donald I, his uncle's son, Constantine's cousin Giric who ruled from 878-889, then finally followed by Constantine's son, Donald II, the last Pictish king who ruled from 889-900, all monarchs after him were styled "King of Alba" or Rex Alban
Áed, king of Scots
Áed or "Ethus", was a king of the Picts from 877 until 878. He was the son of Kenneth MacAlpin, king of Scots and was born around the year 840 somewhere in Scotland. He only reigned for under a year and passed the throne to Giric, possibly grandson or grand nephew to Kenneth I.
Like many early Scot monarchs his birth date cannot be confirmed, but most likely was sometime in the year c. 840, in Scotland. He may have been born in Ireland like some other of Kenneth's brothers and sons.
His reign began when he was around 36-37 years old in 877. He was murdered by Giric, a relative who took the throne after the murder/assassination of Áed in 878.
In 878, probably less than 1 year into his reign, Áed was murdered by Giric (possibly his nephew or cusion). He was buried in Iona, only 37/38 years old.
Áed was the son of Kenneth I, born when he was 30 years old. He is the son of an unknown mother and brother to kings Constantine I and princess NN Ingen Cináeda.
Lesula
The lesula is a kind of ape discovered in 2007. It was acknowledged it as a new species in 2012. It is found in the northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Green pheasant
Turan University
Turan University (, "Turan Ýnıversıteti"; Russian: Университет Туран), is a university in Almaty, Kazakhstan. It is the country’s first private university, founded in 1992.Turan University was registered in 1992 in Almaty.The system of specialist training at the university is conducted on 3 levels of education: basic higher education (Bachelor's programme, the Master's programme and Philosophiae doctor). Turan University offers 25 undergraduate majors,15 master specialties and 5 Philosophiae doctor specialties. The most popular fields are in three departments: economic, humanitarian and legal, Academy of Cinema and Television faculty. Education at the university of Turan is held in three languages: Kazakh, Russian, English.
The main goal of the Turan educational corporation is to create a unique environment for obtaining knowledge,competencies and skills to prepare specialists. Turan University adopted a new academic policy towards innovation and entrepreneurship. Admission to Turan University is carried out on the basis of state educational grants. The university also gives its own grants to students who had good marks from school.
The university employs 361 full-time teachers, including 55 doctors of science, professors, 215 candidates of science and associate professors, 1 philosophiae doctor. In addition to them, the educational process provides more than 49 practitioners,scientists, teachers and on the basis of staffing and hourly wage. Rector of the university of Turan is Alshanov R.A. Chairman of the university of Turan is Seidumanov S.T.
The university has its own campus with a total area of 35,000m². The main building is 7-storey tall and hosts the administration and the Economics, Humanities and Law faculties.There are 3 football pitches, 3 sports halls and a dormitory on campus.
Educational Corporation "Turan" is a holistic system that provides the principle of continuity and multi-stage education, and includes:
Turan university has an active academic, scientific, sports life, where the initiators of creative ideas are the students themselves.
Students who during the year showed the best results in studies and conducted active scientific work are awarded the honorary title of "Student of the Year".The most active students receive the nomination "The Activist of the Year”. Students can join these organizations to improve their skills of team work:
On May 3, 2017 Turan University organized a training on journalism and press freedom for students from Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan. The World Press Freedom Day theme will be promoted among participants and Turan University partners. Organizers will train young reporters to cover general news, finance and business, governance, corruption, elections, women and gender equality, climate change and the environment, health, sport, and the culture of peace.
Giric of Scotland
Giric "Gregorius the Great" was king of the Picts from 878-889. He died around c. 890, showing he may of been deposed or personally abdicated. He ruled with Eochaid, a disputed king of the Picts who claimed the throne during the whole of Giric's reign.
He succeeded Donald Áed, after murdering him in 878 when he was only 37 years old. From some depictions it looks like Giric may of been in his 50's when he became king as seen with a beard and mustache.
Giric may have been born in c. 832 but this is widely considered theory and not taken as fact, the exact date of Giric is unknown but was definitely after 812. He was possibly the son of Donald I, making him the nephew of Scotland's first king Kenneth MacAlpin. He supposedly married Kong Garic MacAlpin making him the father of Prinsesse Maravilla Forbes.
In 878 Giric murdered king Áed, making him the king of the Picts/Scots. He was the 2nd last king of the Picts/Scots along with Eochaid who ruled with him during his entire reign, he claimed the throne after Áed's death as he was king of Strathclyde and may have been named successor by Áed during 877-878.
Eochaid was a claimant and had a disputed reign, he was born around c. 860, making him nearly 30 years younger than Giric, since Giric was born in c. 832 (according to sources).
Giric may of abdicated in 889 or have been deposed. It is known that when Giric stopped ruling that Eochaid may of also stopped ruling as records show him dying after 889 and Eochaid's rule also ended in 889.
In 890 Giric died in Scotland. Not much is known about his death as he did not rule at the time and Donald II took the throne after his abdication or deposition. It is known his death did not happen in Ireland
Eochaid of Scotland
Eochaid was disputably king of the Picts during the reign of Giric, his claim to the throne was being the grandson of Kenneth MacAlpin (possibly) and the son of Run, king of Strathclyde which he declared gave him the right to the throne.
Eochaid was born around c. 860 as son of Run Macarthagail, king of Strathclyde and NN Ingen Cináed. Little is known apart from this about his birth other than it must of took place in Scotland.
His reign began in 878 after the death of Áed, his 1st cousin once removed, which he claimed gave him right to the throne over Giric who was the murderer of Áed. His reign ended in 889 when he was deposed or abdicated, it is unclear.
His death supposedly happened in 889, after he abdicated or was deposed. It is unknown how he died but it was most likely natural causes.
Donald II, his cousin succeeded him and was the last king of the Picts, as after his death in 900 the kingdom of Alba was founded which controlled Pictland and Scotland. Although monarchs were styled as Pictish up until 942/943
Donald II of Scotland
Donald II was king of the Picts and the last to be officially named that, although Constantine II claimed to be king of the Picts, in reality he ruled the newly founded Alban kingdom. He ascended to the throne in 889 after the abdication/deposition of Giric and disputably Giric. He was the son of Constantine I, king from 862-877. Donald died in 900 and was buried in Iona, Scotland.
The exact date of his birth is unknown but thought to be around c. 862, when the reign of his father Constantine I began, after the death of Donald I, the previous of his name.
Donald's reign began in 889 after the end of Giric and Eochaid's reigns. His reign lasted for 11 years when he died in 900. He was succeeded by Constantine II, even though he had 2 children. Malcolm I of Scotland and NN mac Causantín.
It is unknown how Donald died but it happened in 900, 11 years after the start of his reign.
Donald possibly married Sigurda Mac Causantín sometime between 880-900 giving him his 2 children, 1 of whom would go on to rule Alba later on.
Paintings of Scottish Monarchs
This list includes colour paintings of Scottish monarchs: The first paintings of Scottish monarchs start with James I. Althought b+w portraits and depictions have been painted long before James I.
Paintings of Scottish monarchs end here but for monarchs of Scotland and England "see Paintings of British Monarchs".
Lorna Gray
Lorna Gray (July 26, 1917 – April 30, 2017) was an American movie actress. She was known for her comic roles, and later in villain roles. She was best known for her roles in Columbia Pictures comedy shorts and Republic Pictures serials. She played Gail Richards in the 1944 serial "Captain America". Gray is also known for appearing with The Three Stooges on multiple shows. She has been known as Adrian Booth since 1945. She retired in 1951.
Gray was born in Grand Rapids, Michigan. She was married to actor David Brian from 1949 until his death in 1993. Gray died on April 30, 2017 at her home in Sherman Oaks, California from natural causes, aged 99.
Raymond P. Kogovsek
Raymond Peter "Ray" Kogovsek (August 19, 1941 – April 30, 2017) was an American politician. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives representing Colorado's 3rd congressional district from January 3, 1979 through January 3, 1985. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He then served in the Colorado Senate from 1974 to 1978.
Kogovsek was born in Pueblo, Colorado. He studied at the University of Denver. Kogovsek died in Pueblo, Colorado on April 30, 2017 at the age of 75.
Erik Martin (12 January 1936 – 25 April 2017) was a German writer, songwriter and composer of songs. He was born in Neuss, Germany. He was the founder and editor of the literature and art magazine "Muschelhaufen". In 1997 he received the Klaus-Gundelach-Prize for his merits concerning his environmental protection and his youth novel "Fjellwanderung".
Martin died on 25 April 2017 in Viersen-Dülken, Germany, aged 81.
Constantine II of Scotland
Constantine II was the first king of Alba, he ruled from the year 900 until his abdication in 943. He was the son of Áed, king of Scots who ruled from 877-878. He was succeeded by his 1st cousin once removed Malcolm in 943 when he abdicated. He died in 952.
Nothing apart from the fact that Constantine's birth happened in Scotland is known about it, although it may of happened in Iona, Scotland.
His reign began in the year 900 when he succeeded his cousin Donald II of Scotland and would continue to reign for 43 more years. In 904 he defeated Vikings at the Battle of Streathearn. He oversaw the founding of England by king Æthelstan in 927. He is defeated by Æthelstan in 937 who proclaims himself king of Britain. People in Scotland, Wales, England and Ireland began to cal Æthelstan our father and our lord, and our king. He died in 939 and by 943 Edmund I of England began to invade Scotland to rule the whole of Britain. Constantine, scared of being killed abdicated. Proclaiming he could not handle the English forces.
After he abdicated, Constantine decided to become a monk, and moved to a monastery in St Andrews, Fife. 11 years later he dies childless, passing the throne to his 1st cousin once removed Malcolm I who ruled until 954, 2 years after the death of Constantine.
Jean Stein
Jean Stein (February 9, 1934 – April 30, 2017) was an American author and editor of Jewish descent. She was born in Los Angeles, California. She was known for her works "West of Eden" and "". She also wrote biographies of United States Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy. In the late 1950s, she was an editor at "The Paris Review". From 1990 to 2004, she was editor of the literary/visual arts magazine "Grand Street".
Stein was married to businessman William vanden Heuvel from 1958 until they divorced in the 1970s. to Nobel Prize-winner Torsten Wiesel from 1995 until they divorced in 2007.
Stein committed suicide by jumping off from her apartment building in New York City on April 30, 2017, aged 83.
Presidente Hayes Department
The Presidente Hayes department () is a department of Paraguay. The capital is the city of Villa Hayes.
Its code is PY-15.
The Presidente Hayes department is in the central part of the country, in the southwest of the "Occidental" ("Western") region. It has an area of , with a population of 108,520 for a Population density of .
The main rivers in the department are the Paraguay river and its tributary, the Pilcomayo.
The department is divided in 8 districts:
Malcolm I of Scotland
Malcolm I, born 896-900 was king of Scotland from 943-954 and was the successor to his 1st cousin once removed king Constantine II and was the monarch who celebrated the 100th anniversary of Scottish monarchs (843-943).
Donald was born between 896 and 900 somewhere in Scotland, although the place and exact time of his birth is unclear like many of the monarchs before him.
His reign began in 943, 100 years after Kenneth I, the first king of Scotland and lasted 11 years until 954. During his reign he would marry Bethoc who gave him 2 children, Dub (later to be king) and Kenneth III (also to be king). He also may have had a child named Mogallus mac Malcolm, prince of Scots in 934, before becoming king.
Malcolm died in 954, passing the throne to Indulf and later his two sons Kenneth and Dub. After his death many monarchs would take his name as king of Alba "Rex Alban" making him "according to some sources" the first king of Alba, instead of Constantine II.
William vanden Heuvel
William Jacobus vanden Heuvel (April 14, 1930 – June 15, 2021) was an American attorney, businessman and author, as well as a former diplomat. He served as U.S. Ambassador to the European office of the United Nations in Geneva (1977–79) and United States Deputy Ambassador to the United Nations (1979–1981) during the Jimmy Carter Administration.
He was the father of Katrina vanden Heuvel, longtime editor of "The Nation" magazine, and Wendy vanden Heuvel, children from his marriage to author/editor Jean Stein, the well-to-do daughter of Jules C. Stein, founder of MCA.
Vanden Heuvel died on June 15, 2021 in New York City from problems caused by pneumonia, aged 91.
In baseball, a pinch hitter is a batter in place of another batter. Batters can be substituted at any time while there is not an active play. The manager may use any player who has not entered the game. Unlike basketball, American football, or ice hockey, baseball does not have a "free substitution rule". The player replaced by the pinch hitter is never allowed back into that game. The pinch hitter takes the spot in the batting order of the player that he replaces.
The player chosen to be a pinch hitter is often a backup infielder or outfielder. Catchers are not usually pinch hitters because most teams only have two catchers. Pitchers are also not used very often as pinch hitters because they are not very good hitters.
The American League of Major League Baseball, the Pacific League in Japan, the KBO League in Korea, and other leagues use the designated hitter rule. The designated hitter bats for the pitcher but does not play defense.
Pennyroyal
Indulf of Scotland
Indulf was king of Scots from 954-962 and succeeded his cousin Malcolm I to the throne of Alba in 954. He died in 962, 8 years after he became king and passed the throne to his son Dub.
Indulf was king of Alba from 954-962 for 8 years, he was born sometime in the 900's. He reigned after Malcolm I and was succeeded by Dub. An interesting note is that Dub was supposedly black, nicknamed the Niger or the Vehement.
Indulf's reign began in 954 when he was most likely 30 or 40 years old, he died only 8 years later in 962. His legacy is forgotten and does not live on. He is rarely mentioned now.
He died in 962 in Scotland, 100 years after Donald I's death and was succeeded by his eldest son for the first time in the history of Alban Monarchs, Dub.
He is buried in Iona, like most Scottish monarchs from that time period. He was most likely buried not late after his death in around 967/8.
Anubias gilletii
Anubias gilletii is a plant in the Araceae family. It was first described for science in 1901 by Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman and Th. Durand.
The plant is found in Nigeria, Cameroon, Gabon, Republic of the Congo, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The plant's leaves are medium-green and spear-shaped. They grow on long stalks. They may grow to about in length. The plant grows in muddy areas near, or in, streams. Sometimes it even grows completely under water.
This plant grows best when only partly under water and when not crowded by other plants. It needs a lot of nutrients. The substrate should be loose and have a lot of iron. The light should be moderate to strong. It prefers a temperature range of 22-26 degrees C (72-79 degrees F). It can be propagated by dividing the stolon or by its seed.
Erkki Kurenniemi
Erkki Juhani Kurenniemi (July 10, 1941 – May 1, 2017) was a Finnish designer, philosopher and artist. He was best known for his electronic music works and the electronic instruments he has designed. He is called as one of the leading early pioneers of electronic music in Finland. Kurenniemi was also a science adviser, a futurologist, a pioneer of media culture, and an experimental film-maker. He was born in Hämeenlinna, Finland.
Kurenniemi died on May 1, 2017 in Helsinki, Finland at the age of 75.
Archduke Joseph Árpád of Austria
Archduke Joseph Árpád Benedikt Ferdinand Franz Maria Gabriel (; 8 February 1933 – 30 April 2017) was a member of the Hungarian Palatine branch of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine.
He was born in Budapest, the son of Archduke Joseph Francis of Austria and his wife, Princess Anna of Saxony. He was the great-grandson of Archduke Joseph of Austria, Count Palatine of Hungary.
He received a degree in economics from the University of Lisbon.
Bruce Hampton
Bruce Hampton (born Gustav Valentine Berglund III; April 30, 1947 – May 1, 2017) was an American musician.
In the late 1960s he was a founding member of Atlanta, Georgia's avant-garde Hampton Grease Band. Adopting the moniker Colonel Hampton B. Coles, Retired or alternatively Col. Bruce Hampton Ret., and sometimes playing a sort of dwarf guitar called a "chazoid", he later formed several other bands. Some of those band names include The Late Bronze Age, The Aquarium Rescue Unit, The Fiji Mariners, The Codetalkers, The Quark Alliance, Pharaoh Gummitt, and Madrid Express.
On May 1, 2017, Hampton was being honored with a concert featuring his friends at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia for his 70th birthday when he collapsed on-stage of a heart attack during an encore performance of "Turn on Your Lovelight." As a result, Hampton lay slumped over an amplifier on the edge of the stage for several minutes before he was taken offstage for medical attention; because people thought he was joking. He died shortly thereafter at Emory University Hospital Midtown.
George Hugh Niederauer
George Hugh Niederauer (June 14, 1936 – May 2, 2017) was an American bishop of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the Archbishop Emeritus of San Francisco. Before that, Niederauer served as Bishop of Salt Lake City from 1994 to 2005.
Niederauer was born in Los Angeles, California. He studied at Stanford University, at the Catholic University of America and at Loyola University. Niederauer died on May 2, 2017 in San Rafael, California from lung cancer at the age of 80.
Abelardo Castillo
Abelardo Castillo (March 27, 1935 – May 2, 2017) was an Argentine writer, novelist, essayists. He was born in the city of San Pedro, Buenos Aires. He practiced amateur boxing in his youth. He also directed the literary magazines "El Escarabajo de Oro" and "El Ornitorrinco". He was well regarded in the field of Latin American literature.
In 2014 he won the Diamond Konex Award as the best writer in the last decade in Argentina.
Castillo died on May 2, 2017 in Buenos Aires from pneumonia, aged 82.
Yisrael Friedman
Yisrael Friedman, also known as Pashkaner Rebbe (November 8, 1923 – May 1, 2017) was a Israel rabbi and educator. He was born in Buhuși, Romania. He was a former lecturer at the Tel Aviv University and the Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and the "rosh yeshiva" of a "hesder yeshiva" in Netivot.
Friedman died on May 1, 2017 at a medical center in Tel Aviv, Israel, aged 93.
José Manuel Martín
José Manuel Martín Pérez (born May 24, 1924) is a retired Spanish actor, radio broadcaster, and screenwriter. He was a popular character actor in Spanish cinema during the 1950s and 60s. He is best remembered for playing villainous henchmen, appearing in more than 100 movie and television productions.
Martín born in Casavieja, Spain. He studied at Madrid's Teatro Español Universitario and the Lope de Rueda, and began working for Radio Nacional de España in 1942, before making his feature movie debut in César Fernández Ardavín's 1952 war drama "La llamada de África" starring Ali Beiba Uld Abidin, Yahadid Ben Ahmed Lehbib and Farachi Ben Emboiric.
Martín is particularly noted for his work in the Spaghetti Western genre, alongside regulars such as Aldo Sambrell and Andrea Scotti, with supporting roles in "Savage Guns" (1961), "Gunfighters of Casa Grande" (1964), "Minnesota Clay"(1964), "A Pistol for Ringo" (1965), "Seven Dollars on the Red" (1966), "Arizona Colt" (1966), "A Bullet for the General" (1966), "Blood River" (1967), "100 Rifles" (1969), and "Cut-Throats Nine" (1972).
Martín also had memorable roles in EuroHorror movies such as "Sax Rohmer's The Castle of Fu Manchu" (1969), "The Sinister Eyes of Dr. Orloff" (1973), "Count Dracula's Great Love" (1974), and "Curse of the Devil" (1974).
Mitch Landrieu
Mitchell Joseph "Mitch" Landrieu ( ; born August 16, 1960) is an American politician. He recently served as the 61st Mayor of New Orleans. Landrieu previously served as the 51st Lieutenant Governor of Louisiana from 2004 to 2010. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
His father is Moon Landrieu, the United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development during the Jimmy Carter administration. His sister is former United States senator Mary Landrieu.
Seth Moulton
Seth Wilbur Moulton (born October 24, 1978) is an American former Marine Corps officer and a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives, representing Massachusetts's 6th congressional district since 2015.
Moulton served in the Marine Corps during the early years of the Iraq War.
On April 22, 2019, Moulton launched his presidential campaign for the 2020 election. He suspended his campaign on August 23, 2019 due to low polling numbers and failed qualifications for the debates.
Harold Bedoya Pizarro
Harold Bedoya Pizarro (December 30, 1938 – May 2, 2017) was a Colombian politician and military personnel. He was General and Commander of the Colombian National Army from 1994 through 1996. Bedoya has also run for President of Colombia in the 1998 and 2002 elections. He was born in Cali, Colombia. On July 24, 1997, Bedoya was forced into retirement by then President Ernesto Samper due to his unwillingness to negotiate with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).
Bedoya Pizarro died at a military clinic in Bogotá from lymphoma on May 2, 2017 at the age of 78.
Kohlrabi
Kohlrabi is a biennial vegetable. It is related to cabbage. Kohlrabi can be eaten raw as well as cooked. Both the stem and the leaves can be eaten.
Mohamed Talbi
Mohamed Talbi (16 September 1921 – 1 May 2017) was a Tunisian historian and professor. He was the author of many books about Islam. He was born in Tunis. Talbi was appointed president of the Tunisian Academy of Sciences, Letters, and Arts between 2011 and 2012.
Talbi died on 1 May 2017 in Tunis from respiratory failure, aged 95.
Stoyanka Mutafova
Stoyanka Mutafova (née Stoyana-Maria Konstantinova Mutafova; ; 2 February 1922 – 6 December 2019) was a famous Bulgarian actress. During her career, she starred in over 53 theatrical plays and 25 movies.
Mutafova was nicknamed "Ms. Natural Disaster" for a play she performs in and "The Queen of Bulgarian comedy", she was an official applicant for a Guinness Book of World Record as the actress with the longest active professional career.
At the age of 94 in 2016, she toured the theater halls in major cities of the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Great Britain and Germany.
Mutafova died on 6 December 2019 in Sofia at the age of 97.
Let L-410
Pingali Venkayya
Pingali Venkayya (2 August 1876 - died 4 July 1963) was an Indian freedom fighter and the designer of the flag on which the Indian national flag was based.
Negombo
Saas Grund
St. Niklaus, Switzerland
Stalden is a municipality of the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It lies at the foot of the Mischabelhörner and Dom ().
Staldenried
Staldenried (Walliser German: "Schtaaluried") is a municipality of the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It consists of the largest hamlet of Gspon (), the hamlets of Zur Kirche and Zur Tanne along with about twenty small settlements.
Karel Schoeman
Karel Schoeman (26 October 1939 – 1 May 2017) was a South African novelist, historian, and translator. He was the author of 19 novels and many works of history. He was one of South Africa's most honored authors.
Schoeman wrote mainly in Afrikaans, although several of his non-fiction books were originally written in English. His novels are increasingly being translated into other languages, notably, English, French and Dutch.
Shoeman died in an act of suicide by refusing to eat or drink at a retirement center in South Africa at the age of 77.
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz (5 September 1926 – 3 May 2017) was a Saudi Arabian prince and politician.
Mishaal bin Abdulaziz served as Chairman of the Allegiance Council from 2007 until his death in 2017 and a senior member of the House of Saud. He held different cabinet posts in the 1950s such as Minister of Defense from 1951 through 1953. He served as Governor of Makkah Province from 1963 through 1971. His father was King Abdulaziz. He was born in Riyadh.
In October 2009, Mishaal bin Abdulaziz was rushed to hospital in Geneva, apparently having suffered a stroke. Then, he returned to Saudi Arabia from unspecified medical treatment in Beirut in December 2009. He died in Riyadh on 3 May 2017, aged 90.
Bob Givens
Robert "Bob" Givens (March 2, 1918 – December 14, 2017) was an American animator, character designer and layout artist.
Givens worked for many animation studios during his career, including Disney, Warner Bros. Cartoons, Hanna-Barbera and DePatie-Freleng Enterprises. He began his career during the 1930s and continued until the early 2000s. During his career, Givens created the first design for Bugs Bunny. He worked a lot with director Chuck Jones, working under Jones both at Warner Bros. and Jones' own production company.
On December 14, 2017, Givens died in Burbank, California of respiratory failure at the age of 99.
Abbas Abdullahi Sheikh Siraji
Abbas Abdullahi Sheikh Siraji (Somali: "Cabaas Cabdulaahi Sheikh Siraaji") (15 August 1985 – 3 May 2017) was a Somali politician. He briefly served as the Minister of Public Works and Reconstruction from 4 April 2017 until his death in 3 May 2017.
Siraji was shot and killed on 3 May 2017 when soldiers opened fire as he drove his vehicle near Villa Somalia at the age of 31. The circumstances of the shooting were not immediately clear. Media reports said the soldiers may have perceived Siraji's vehicle as a threat.
Leo K. Thorsness
Leo Keith Thorsness (February 14, 1932 – May 2, 2017) was an American colonel in the United States Air Force and politician. He was born in Walnut Grove, Minnesota.
Thorsness received the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Vietnam War. He was awarded the medal for an air engagement on April 19, 1967. He was shot down two weeks later and spent six years in captivity in North Vietnam as a prisoner of war with future United States Senator John McCain. After his military service, Thorsness served one term in the Washington State Senate from 1988 through 1992 after beating the current State Senator Eugene V. Lux. He was a Republican.