AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Per Yngve Ohlin (16 January 1969 – 8 April 1991) was a Swedish black metal musician best known for performing with the band Mayhem under the stage name Dead.
He was given the name "Dead" after a near-death experience when his spleen ruptured after being beat up by bullies and was clinically dead for a while. He became fascinated with death and dying afterwards and received his name.
He was also a founding member of the death metal band Morbid and performed with them on their "December Moon" demo.
He was described by Jan Axel "Hellhammer" Blomberg, the drummer for Mayhem, as being "a very strange personality ... depressed, melancholic, and dark" and guitarist Øystein 'Euronymous' Aarseth said "I honestly think Dead is mentally insane. Which other way can you describe a guy who does not eat, in order to get starving wounds? Or who has a T-shirt with funeral announcements on it?"
Dead's mental state began to take a turn for the worse due to his fascination with death and his social situation. Because of this, he would usually cut himself while performing on stage with either a broken bottle or a blade. Euronymous was fascinated with Dead's suicidal tendencies and would encourage Dead to kill himself often. Varg Vikernes sent shotgun shells to Dead in 1991. On 8 April 1991, In the house he shared with Euronymous, he slit his throat and wrists with a knife and then shot himself in the forehead with a shotgun. His suicide note said that he was sorry for shooting himself indoors and he ended the note with "Excuse all the blood". Euronymous returned home and had to climb through an open window because all the doors to the house were locked. He found Dead's body but before he called the police, he went to a nearby shop and bought a disposable camera which he used to photograph Dead's body after he moved around some of the items. He also kept some pieces of Dead's shattered skull. Hellhammer developed the pictures and Euronymous said that he would later destroy the pictures but he never did. He kept the pictures in an envelope at his record shop Helvete instead and sent one of the pictures to the owner of Warmaster Records which used the picture of Dead's body as the cover art for Mayhem's 1995 bootleg live album "Dawn of the Black Hearts". The other band members were disgusted at Euronymous' actions before and after Dead's death and Bassist Necrobutcher decided that he wasn't going to be friends with him anymore.
He was ranked #48 out of "50 of The Greatest Metal Frontmen of All Time" by Roadrunner Records.
Jōkyō calendar
, also called Teikyō-reki, was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki"). It was used from 1684-1753. It was made official in 1685.
The "Jōkyō-reki" system was the work of Shibukawa Shunkai. He recognized that the length of the solar year is 365.2417 days.
Shirakawa discovered errors in the traditional Chinese calendar which had been in use for 800 years. This older system was also known as the "Semmyō" calendar or 'Semmei-reki". It was also known as the "Xuanming" calendar.
Jimmy Doolittle
General/Doctor James Harold "Jimmy" Doolittle, USAF (December 14, 1896 – September 27, 1993) was an American aviation pioneer. Doolittle served as an officer in the United States Army Air Forces during the Second World War. He earned the Medal of Honor for his valor and leadership as commander of the Doolittle Raid while a lieutenant colonel.
Doolittle was born in Alameda, California. He spent his youth in Nome, Alaska where he earned a reputation as a boxer. His parents were Frank Henry Doolittle and Rosa (Rose) Cerenah Shephard. By 1910, Jimmy Doolittle was attending school in Los Angeles. When his school attended the 1910 Los Angeles International Air Meet at Dominguez Field Doolittle saw his first airplane. He attended Los Angeles City College after graduating from Manual Arts High School in Los Angeles. He later won admission to the University of California, Berkeley where he studied in The School of Mines. He was a member of Theta Kappa Nu fraternity. Doolittle took a leave of absence in October 1917 to enlist in the Signal Corps Reserve as a flying cadet. He did his ground training at the University of California School of Military Aeronautics where he later received his doctorate. His flight-training was done at Rockwell Field, California. Doolittle received his Reserve Military Aviator rating. He was commissioned a first lieutenant in the Signal Officers Reserve Corps on March 11, 1918.
For conspicuous leadership above the call of duty, involving personal valor and intrepidity at an extreme hazard to life. With the apparent certainty of being forced to land in enemy territory or to perish at sea, Gen. Doolittle personally led a squadron of Army bombers, manned by volunteer crews, in a highly destructive raid on the Japanese mainland.
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1918, takes pleasure in presenting the Army Distinguished Service Medal to Major General James Harold Doolittle (ASN: 0-271855), United States Army Air Forces, for exceptionally meritorious and distinguished services to the Government of the United States, in a duty of great responsibility as Commander of the Northwest African Strategic Air Force since its organization. Under his guidance and direction, this Force has developed a high degree of efficiency and accuracy and brought about, in great measure, a critical reduction in the supplies and reinforcements needed by the enemy. General Doolittle's energy, good judgment, exceptional qualities of leadership and wholehearted cooperation were primary factors in the ultimate success of air operations during the Tunisian Campaign.
1st Citation:
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 2, 1926, takes pleasure in presenting the Distinguished Flying Cross to First Lieutenant (Air Service) James Harold Doolittle (ASN: 0-271855), U.S. Army Air Corps, for extraordinary achievement while participating in an aerial flight. On September 4–5, 1922, Lieutenant Doolittle accomplished a one-stop flight from Pablo Beach, Florida, to San Diego, California, in 22 hours and 30 minutes elapsed time, an extraordinary achievement with the equipment available at that time. By his skill, endurance, and resourcefulness he demonstrated the possibility of moving Air Corps units to any portion of the United States in less than 24 hours, thus reflecting great credit on himself and to the Army of the United States.
2nd Citation:
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 2, 1926, takes pleasure in presenting a Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Second Distinguished Flying Cross to First Lieutenant (Air Service) James Harold Doolittle (ASN: 0-271855), U.S. Army Air Corps, for extraordinary achievement while participating in an aerial flight. During March 1924, at McCook Field, Dayton, Ohio, Lieutenant Doolittle, piloting a Fokker PW-7 pursuit airplane, performed a series of acceleration tests requiring skill, initiative, endurance, and courage of the highest type. In these test a recording accelerometer was mounted in the airplane and the accelerations taken for the following maneuvers. Loops at various air speeds; single and multiple barrel rolls; power spirals; tail spins; power on and power off; half loop, half roll, and immelman turn; Inverted flight; pulling out of dive at various air speeds; flying the airplane on a level course with considerable angle of bank; and flying in bumpy air. In these test the airplane was put through the most extreme maneuvers possible in order that the flight loads imposed upon the wings of the airplane under extreme conditions of sir combat might, be ascertained. These test were put through with that fine combination of fearlessness and skill which constitutes the essence of distinguished flying. Through them scientific data of great and permanent importance to the Air Corps were obtained.
3rd Citation:
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress, July 2, 1926, takes pleasure in presenting a Second Bronze Oak Leaf Cluster in lieu of a Third Distinguished Flying Cross to Colonel (Air Corps) James Harold Doolittle (ASN: 0-271855), United States Army Air Forces, for extraordinary achievement as Pilot of a B-25 Bomber and Commanding Officer of the 1st Special Aviation Project (Doolittle Raider Force), while participating in a highly destructive raid on the Japanese mainland on April 18, 1942. Colonel Doolittle with 79 other officers and enlisted men volunteered for this mission knowing full well that the chances of survival were extremely remote, and executed his part in it with great skill and daring. This achievement reflects high credit on himself and the military service.
The President of the United States of America, authorized by Act of Congress July 9, 1948, takes pleasure in presenting the Silver Star to Major General (Air Corps) James Harold Doolittle (ASN: 0-271855), United States Army Air Forces, for gallantry in action. Since February 19, 1943, when he took command of the Allied Strategic Air Force (Northwest Africa), General Doolittle, by his untiring energy, initiative and personal example has inspired the units under him to renewed successful efforts against the enemy. On April 5, 1943, the strategic air force was responsible for the destruction of forty eight enemy planes in the air and approximately 100 on the ground. This extraordinary achievement under the leadership of General Doolittle reflects great credit to himself and the armed forces of the United States.
Doolittle was also awarded the Bolivian Order of the Condor of the Andes, now in the collection of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum.
In 1972 James H. Doolittle was awarded the Horatio Alger Award which is given to those who are dedicated community leaders who demonstrate individual initiative and a commitment to excellence; as exemplified by remarkable achievements accomplished through honesty, hard work, self-reliance and perseverance over adversity. The Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans, Inc. bears the name of the renowned author Horatio Alger, Jr., whose tales of overcoming adversity through unyielding perseverance and basic moral principles captivated the public in the late 19th century.
In April 1985, Doolittle was awarded a fourth star making him a full ranked general. He received the award from President Ronald Reagan and U.S. Senator Barry M. Goldwater.
The Society of Experimental Test Pilots annually presents the James H. Doolittle Award in his memory. The award is for "outstanding accomplishment in technical management or engineering achievement in aerospace technology".
The city of Doolittle, Missouri, located 5 miles west of Rolla was named in his honor after World War II.
The word Estonian can mean:
Kansei calendar
The "Kansei-reki" system was the work of Takahashi Yoshitoki and Hazama Shigetomi.
Takahashi and Hazama used Western astronomy studies to modify the traditional calendar.
Tenpō calendar
The "Tenpō-reki" system was the work of Shibukawa Kagesuke. This was the last traditional calendar system created by Japanese astronomers and mathematicians.
The "Tenpō" calendar was set aside when Japan adopted the Western calendar in 1872 ("Meiji 5").
Anna Wing
Anna Eva Lydia Catherine Wing, MBE (30 October 1914 - 7 July 2013) was an English actress. She is best known for playing Lou Beale on British television soap opera "EastEnders".
Wing was born on 30 October 1914 in Hackney, East London, England.
Wing is best known for playing the Lou Beale on "EastEnders" from the show's beginning in February 1985, until the character was killed off in July 1988.
In May 2005 Wing attended the British Soap Awards, where she presented June Brown with a lifetime achievement award for Brown's portrayal of Dot Branning in "EastEnders". In 2005, Wing was part of the cast of the short movie "Ex Memoria". She played Grandma in the 2007 movie "Son of Rambow".
In 2009, when Wing was 94, she worked on a short movie called "Numbers Up". The same year Wing was named Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2009 Birthday Honours for her services to drama and charity.
Wing was married to Peter Davey from 1944 until they divorced in 1947. They had a son. After that, Philip O'Connor was her partner until his death in 1998. They had a son.
Wing lived in London, England during her final years. Wing died on the morning of 7 July 2013 in Hackney, East London, England from natural causes, aged 98.
Hōryaku calendar
The "Hōreki Kōjutsu Genreki" system was the work of Abe Yasukuni, Shibukawa Kōkyō, and Nishiyama Seikyū.
Errors in the calendar were corrected in 1798, and in 1844 In 1872, the Western calendar was adopted.
Mikhail Kalashnikov
Mikhail Timofeyevich Kalashnikov (10 November 1919 – 23 December 2013) was a Russian designer who is known for designing the AK-47, AKM, and AK-74 assault rifles when he served in the Soviet Army during World War II. He had the rank of lieutenant general.
Kalashnikov was born on 10 November 1919 in Kuriya, Altai Krai, Russian SFSR. He served in World War II and created many weapons and bombs including the AK-47 and a submachine gun. He was married to Ekaterina Kalashnikova. They had three children, one of them was gun designer Victor Kalashnikov. He lived in Izhevsk, Udmurtia.
On 17 November, Kalashnikov was hospitalized in an Udmurtian medical hospital for gastric hemorrhage. He died on the morning of 23 December, 2013 from the illness, aged 94.
Brenda Joyce
Brenda Joyce (February 25, 1917-July 4, 2009) was an American actress whose acting career was rather short, although memorable. She was in several movies, including "Thumbs Up", "The Rains Came" and several Tarzan movies.
Joyce was born in Missouri. She died in California as a result of pneumonia. She was 92.
Inca Civil War
The Inca Civil War, the Inca Dynastic War, or the Inca War of Succession, was a civil war in the Inca Empire. It was fought between two brothers, Huáscar and Atahualpa, sons of Huayna Capac, over who would be the next emperor. The war came after Huayna Capac's death in 1527, and lasted from 1529 until 1532. When their father died, the empire was divided between the two brothers. Huáscar got most part of it, with the capital Cusco. Atahualpa got the northern parts, including Quito.
Huáscar started the war because he saw himself as the rightful heir to the kingdom. Atahualpa proved to be a better war tactician than his brother, and commanded a much bigger army. The empire was reunited under Atahualpa in 1532, but he was executed by the Spanish less than a year later.
It was partly because of this civil war that the Spanish conquistadors, under Francisco Pizarro, were successful.
Cao Dai
Cao Dai (also Caodaism or Caodaiism) is a new religious movement founded in Vietnam. It mixes ideas from other religions.
Cao Đài is a syncretic, monotheistic religion officially established in the city of Tây Ninh, southern Vietnam in 1926. The religion combines Buddhism, Christianity, Taoism, Confucianism, and Islam. The full name of the religion is Đại Đạo Tam Kỳ Phổ Độ (great religion of the third period of revelation and salvation).
Cao Dai uses ethical precepts from Confucianism, occult practices from Taoism, theories of Karma and Rebirth from Buddhism ,and a hierarchical organization (including a Pope) from Christianity. Caodaiists (believers of Cao Dai) believe that the first disciples of the religion, Ngô Văn Chiêu, Cao Quỳnh Cư, Phạm Công Tắc and Cao Hoài Sang spoke to God and God spoke to them. God told them to establish a new religion that would commence the third era of religious amesty. Because of this, Caodaiist credit God for founding their religion. The ultimate goal of a Caodaist is to rejoin with God the Father in Heaven and to break away from the cycle of rebirth and death. Women can only wear white dress as they have to be pure, whereas men can wear colored clothing once they reach higher levels in the religion.
Cao Dai was established in the Vietnamese city of Tây Ninh in 1926. Cao Dai was granted legal recognition in 1997. Cao Dai was found by Ngô Văn Chiêu, Cao Quỳnh Cư, Phạm Công Tắc, and Cao Hoài. Caodaist believe God spoke to these people to establish a new religion.
The name for God in Cao Dai is Cao Đài Tiên Ông Đại Bồ Tát Ma-ha-tát (translation: Cao Đài the Ancient Sage and Great Bodhisattva Mahasattva). Caodaiist believe God chose this title because it represents the Three Teachings: Saint, Sage, and Buddha.
Cao Dai teaches that before God existed, there was Tao. Tao is the unchanging, nameless, formless, immortal source. Then the Big Bang occurred, and out of the Big Bang, God miraculously blessed us with his birth and was poured onto us from the universe (emanationism). The Universe could not be formed so the Yin Yang were created by the Almighty himself. Like Adam took one of his ribs to create Eve, God took control of yang and a part of himself, thereby creating the Goddess to assemble with yin. Now that the Union was completed, the Universe was formed. The Goddess, Holy Mother, is referred by Caodaiist as Mother Buddha. Cao Dai teaches that there are 36 levels of Heaven, and 72 planets having intelligent life. The first planet is closest to Heaven while number 72 is closest to Hell. Earth is number 68.
The three teachings of Cao Dai are:
Note: The top is believed to be the hardest to achieve while the bottom is believed to be the easiest to achieve.
The three teachings represent levels of spiritual attainment. In Cao Dai's teaching being a Buddha is the hardest to achieve. Cao Dai teaches that humans can develop into other beings. Humans can develop into: Thần (angel), Thánh (saint), Tiên (sage), and Phật (buddha). According to Cao Dai, everyone can turn into one of these beings. Angels, Saints, and Sages have extremely long lives in the realms of Heavens, but Buddhas are the only ones free from the cycle of birth and death.
According to Cao Dai teachings, God is at helm, he will not take human form as in the two past periods. Instead he sends his teachings through sacred seance ceremonies.
The three anchors (the three teachings) are:
There are many Holy people from other religions. Some people from history are also venerated. The pantheon of Holy people includes: Buddha, Guan Yin, Jesus, Joan of Arc, Muhammad, Sun Yat-sen, Julius Caesar, Victor Hugo, and many more.
These are the main scriptures of Cao Dai.
Other branches of Cao Dai have additional scriptures.
Cao Dai has an organizational structure like Catholicism. Cao Dai's hierarchy includes a Pope, cardinals, bishops, priest, etc. Cao Dai teaches equality between men and women, but women are not allowed to be Legislative Cardinal and Pope, the two highest positions in Cao Dai. The religion and church claims that God ordered this because Yang represents Male while Yin represents Female. Yin cannot dominate Yang or else Chaos will happen.
In total there are about 6 officially recognized branches of Cao Dai. There are several others but these remain unknown. The largest branch is based in Tây Ninh Province, where the religion was founded in 1926 and where the seat of Cao Đài authority is located. Some sects broke away from the Tây Ninh Holy See. The sects that broke away are Chiếu Minh, Bến Tre, and Đà Nẵng. Ngô Văn Chiêu founded Chiếu Minh. He left because he refused his appointment as Cao Dai's first Pope.
Cao Dai is the third largest religion in Vietnam after Buddhism and Roman Catholicism. Estimates of followers in Vietnam is about 2-6 million, or around 2%. Estimates of followers oversea is about 30,000.
2051 (MMLI) will be .
2050 (MML) will be .
Rover (space exploration)
A rover is a vehicle that travels on the ground of a planet, moon, or other astronomical object. Some rovers carry people that drive them. Most are robots that can drive themselves for short distances, but humans on Earth give them directions each day about where to go and what to do. They are electric vehicles, either using solar power or nuclear power.
The only rovers to successfully land on Mars were sent there by NASA. They have special equipment on arms for testing the soil, taking pictures and doing other planetary science.
Camp Caves, Queensland
Camp Caves was a US Army training camp north of the city of Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia. It was built during World War Two. The army used the camp from September 1943 until early in 1944. It was one of several US training camps in the area including Camp Nerimbera, Camp Thompson’s Point, Camp Keppel Sands, Camp Yeppoon and Camp Wallaroo.
Camp Caves was the camp for the 24th Infantry Division. The division was also called the Hawaiian Division. It was called Camp Caves after the small town, The Caves, which was close to the campsite. The camp was along the side of the Bruce Highway. It included medical services, warehouses, ammunition dumps, landing strips, and a small arms firing range. Work on building the camp began in November 1942 but was soon stopped. It started again in July 1943. The camp was not used after March 1944.
A locksmith is a person who works with locks, keys and . Locksmith is the profession of a locksmith.
Locksmiths fix broken locks, make keys, and install security systems like alarms.
In most countries locksmiths must follow a strict set of rules. In some countries locksmiths start as apprentices. In others, they must get a certificate or degree after training at a school or university.
The services of a locksmith stretch further than just opening or replacing locks and can take many years to perfect the profession. Many locksmiths attend their customers on site or from a shop premises. Locksmiths will provide services for gaining entry to locked car or house or any other lock, replacing locks when a lock fails or recovering key when a key is lost or extracting snapped or broken keys from existing locks. Many locksmiths will also be specialists in gaining entry to safes and hold extensive knowledge of domestic and commercial security.
A good locksmith craftsman working in the field of locksmith must first and foremost have good operational instruments that are powerful enough to complete any job. This can be anything from the tools needed to repair a faulty lock problem to the equipment needed to determine the actual origin of the lock's fault.
Locksmiths commonly work with all types of locks. Other areas that locksmiths cover include auto locksmith, safes and access control. These areas are specialist and require specialized training
One of the most commonly used metals that locksmiths use to make keys in Europe is steel. Locksmiths in the US, Australia, and New Zealand would use brass as their main material.
Mortise locks, commonly found on older buildings, are comprised of a pocket that is cut into the door (or other piece of furniture) to which the lock will be fitted. These locks were used before the arrival of bored cylindrical locks.
Automotive Locksmith can help out with getting new keys made for the car they can also make duplicates and push to start proximity fob keys as well. Usually automotive locksmiths are mobile, and they get to their customers simply driving to the places.
Peter William Sutcliffe (2 June 1946 – 13 November 2020) was a British serial killer known as the Yorkshire Ripper. He was born in Bingley, West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1981, he was convicted of murdering thirteen women and attempting to murder seven others. He was diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia. He served a twenty sentences of life imprisonment in Broadmoor High Security Hospital.
Sutcliffe married Sonia Szurma 10 August 1974. They lived together in Heaton, Bradford.
Sutcliffe died on 13 November 2020 while in prison in Durham from COVID-19, aged 74.
Kenneth Walker
Brigadier General Kenneth Newton Walker (17 July 1898 – 5 January 1943) was a United States Army aviator. He was also a United States Army Air Forces general who had a significant influence on the development of airpower doctrine. He posthumously received the Medal of Honor in World War II.
Walker joined the United States Army in 1917. It was after the American entry into World War I. He trained as an aviator and became a flying instructor. In 1920 and after the end of the war, he received a commission in the Regular Army. After service in various capacities he graduated from the Air Corps Tactical School in 1929. Then he served as an instructor there. He supported the creation of a separate air organization for strategic bombardment. He published articles on the subject and becoming part of a clique known as the "Bomber Mafia". They argued for bombers over other forms of military aviation.
Even after he was promoted to Brigadier General, Walker frequently flew combat missions over New Guinea. For this he received the Silver Star. On 5 January 1943, he was shot down and killed leading a daylight bombing raid over Rabaul. It was for this action he was awarded the Medal of Honor.
In January 1948, Roswell Army Air Field in Roswell, New Mexico, was renamed Walker Air Force Base in honor of Walker. The base was closed on 30 June 1967. Walker Hall and its Walker Air Power Room are at Maxwell Air Force Base. They are also named after him. It is the home of the Air Force Doctrine Development and Education Center. The Walker Papers is an Air Force Fellows program. It annually honors the top three research papers produced by Air Force Fellows with the Walker Series award. The Walker Series recognizes the contributions each Fellow has made to research supporting air and space power and its use in the implementation of US strategic policy.
Kate Bosworth
Division of Banks
The Division of Banks is a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. It was set up in 1949. It is named for Sir Joseph Banks, the British scientist who accompanied James Cook on his voyage to Australia in 1770.
The division of Banks is covers the south-western suburbs of Sydney. It includes Allawah, Blakehurst, Connells Point, Hurstville, Hurstville Grove, South Hurstville, Kyle Bay, Lugarno, Mortdale, Oatley, Padstow Heights, Peakhurst, Peakhurst Heights, and Penshurst, and parts of Bankstown, Beverly Hills, Carlton, Kingsgrove, Narwee, Padstow, Punchbowl, Revesby and Riverwood.
Daryl Melham was the chairman of the ALP caucus from 2004 until 2012.
Tia Carrere
Tia Carrere (January 2, 1967) is an American movie and television performer. Her career was launched around 1985. She was born in Honolulu, Hawaii to Filipino parents. Her notable movies include the 1992 comedy "Wayne's World". She began her career with the TV series "Airwolf". Other television shows and movies followed. In 2006, she was a contestant on the show "Dancing with the Stars".
Carrere was born in Honolulu, Hawaii.
Ferromagnetism is a property of many materials like iron. They are magnets, so they are attracted to, or pulled towards other magnets. In physics, there are many different types of magnetism. Ferromagnetism is the strongest one. It is used every day in many technological objects, like television screens and credit cards.
Ferromagnets are materials that have some magnetization on their own. This means that at a temperature of absolute zero and without any magnetic field from other objects, they are still magnetic. The reason for this is that the electrons in a material have a spin. In ferromagnetic materials, the electrons like to have all the spins going one way, giving some magnetism. Usually, as the temperature is increased, the magnetization goes down. This is because the temperature causes the electrons in the material to move around a bit more. They do not have the spins perfectly going in the same way anymore. The point at which there is no magnetization anymore is called the Curie temperature. This changes with different materials.
Some materials that are ferromagnets are: iron, cobalt, nickel. Hematite is also ferromagnetic but only above a certain temperature.
Division of Barton
The Division of Barton is a Federal Electoral Division for the Australian House of Representatives in the state of New South Wales. It was created in 1922 and is named for Sir Edmund Barton, the first Prime Minister of Australia.
It includes the inner suburbs of Arncliffe, Banksia, Bardwell Valley, Beverley Park, Bexley, Bexley North, Brighton-Le-Sands, Carss Park, Dolls Point, Kogarah, Kogarah Bay, Kyeemagh, Monterey, Ramsgate, Ramsgate Beach, Rockdale, Sandringham, Sans Souci, Turrella and Wolli Creek and parts of Beverly Hills, Carlton, Earlwood and Kingsgrove.
Dr H. V. Evatt was the Leader of the ALP 1951–60. Evatt nearly lost the seat in 1951 and 1955, and in 1958 he moved to the safe seat of Hunter.
The first member for Barton was Labor's Frederick McDonald. He disappeared after his 1925 defeat by Nationalist Thomas Ley. It is now believed that Ley had him murdered. Ley was later found to be insane and died in Broadmoor Asylum in Britain. Robert McClelland, was Australia's Attorney-General. Linda Burney is the first Indigenous Australian woman elected to the Australian parliament.
Spin may mean:
David Jalbert
David Jalbert (born May 5, 1980) is a Canadian folk musician and singer-songwriter. He is from Mascouche, Québec. He plays guitar and sings.
David Jalbert grew up in Mascouche, more precisely in the Domaine Lac Samson. His father is a guitarist. This influenced his lifestyle. Jalbert became fascinated with music when he was very young. During elementary school, his passion developed gradually. His parents put him in various competitions and he loved this artist lifestyle. When he was a child, he was inspired by The Colocs, C.C.R, The Beatles, Plume Latraverse, Jonh Mellencamp, Beau Dommage and Bob Dylan.
In 1994, Jalbert joined a band of three. The group was called Big Joe, and they played punk rock music. After that, he focused on his studies to finish school and to later be able to get a job. Meanwhile, he continued to write and compose songs.
In 2000, Jalbert again played music in several competitions. In 2004, he played in the Mascouche competition "MusiQualité", where he won two prizes. The first one was public's choice and the second one was jury's choice. Through various competitions, he had professional encounters with Yves Marchand, Charles Dubé and the producer Alain Dupuis. They helped him to prepare his first album called "Des histoires". They chose thirteen titles from amongst thirty songs. The album was launched on April 15, 2008. He started playing concerts to promote the album on August 26, 2008, during the "FrancoFolies" of Montreal. It was followed by a tour through the Québec.
The song "Souvenir d’enfance" was the most successful song from the album. It became popular on the radio, and it was used in a McDonald's advertisement. His creative director, Mathieu Dandurand won the prize for production of the year at the gala of Terre-Neuve. Jalbert was nominated for two categories for French songwriters (he was nominated again in those categories in 2010). His second prize was for the "Artiste de la relève". He got the most nomination of any artist in the year. In 2009, he played in the "Studio-Théâtre de la Place des arts" three times and many other times in the "Cabaret juste pour rire".
The song "Raison" was the second most successful from the album. It was more successful with critics than Jalbert thought it would be. "L’aveugle" was the third radio hit. By autumn 2009, there were three music videos, forty shows and more than 15,000 albums were sold.
On May 4, 2010, Jalbert released his second studio album "Le journal". It contained the hit songs "Voyage", "Le journal", "P’tit homme", "Rendez-vous" and "Y'a pu une once". The song "Voyage" was a commercial success, and was at the top of the charts of major stations in Montreal and Québec. The song "P’tit homme" was written for Jalbert's son Félix. Later in 2010, Jalbert was invited on the TV show "Salut Bonjour" for a cultural chronic, and he played in the park Philippe-Villeneuve during the National Day festivities. In addition, he won a prize of the "Socan" for his popular song "Voyage", which was among the list of top ten pop songs most popular in 2010.
For the first time in his career, in 2011, he was nominated for best contemporary folk album at the ADISQ awards, for his album named "Le journal". The album was critically acclaimed, and is Jalbert's most commercially successful album to date. With "Des histoires" and "Le journal", Jalbert has sold over 25,000 albums. His tour show for "Le journal" was sold out. There was a second concert at the "Lion d’Or" in Montreal.
On September 18, 2012, Jalbert released his third album, "Y’a pas de bon silence". This contained the popular song "Hey Jack!", which was song dedicated to his son Jacob. This album was the fourth best selling French album in 2012, with over 2,500 albums sold since its release.
Later in 2012, Jalbert joined a project called "Fondation Dédé Fortin". His song "Ma mère disait" was part of the campaign against suicide, which is an initiative of the Quebec Associtation for Suicide Prevention with the support of psychologists of Quebec.
Genka calendar
, also known as "Yuan-chia li" or "Yuan-jia li", was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki"). It was used from 604 to 696.
The calendar was created in 425 during the "Genka" era in Chinese history.
The "Genka-reki" system was brought to Japan from Korea by a Buddhist monk. The earliest record of this calendar in Japan is in the 10th month of the 10th year of the reign of Empress Suiko (602).
Dates in the "Nihon Shoki" before the late 7th century were likely recorded using the "Genka" calendar system.
Semmyō calendar
, also known as "Semmei-reki" or "Xuanming li", was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki"). It was used from the late-9th century to the late-17th century.
The "Semmyō-reki" or "Semmei-reki" system corrected errors in earlier calendars which were developed in China. It was the work of Shibukawa Shunkai and Shikokawa Kōkyō.
The earliest record of this calendar is in the 8th month of the 3rd year of "Jōgan" (861) during the reign of the Emperor Seiwa.
Gihō calendar
, also known as "Yi-feng li" or "Rentoku-reki", was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki").
The calendar was created in China. It was first used in the "Rintoku" era during the Tang Dynasty..
The "Gihō-reki" system was brought from Korea to Japan in "Yi-feng" era (676-678) of the reign of Emperor Gaozong of Tang. This calendar corrected errors in the "Yuan-jia li" (Genka calendar) which was developed in China. For a short time, both "Genka" and "Gihō" calendars were in use.
Oestrous cycle
The oestrous cycle (U.S: estrous cycle) is the reproductive system in most mammals.
Reproductive hormones cause the cycles to start after puberty in sexually mature females. They are interrupted by non-breeding phases or by pregnancies. Usually estrous cycles continue until death.
Mammals share the same reproductive system, including the regulatory hypothalamic system that releases gonadotropin-releasing hormone in pulses, the pituitary that secretes follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone, and the ovary itself releases sex hormones like estrogens and progesterone.
However, species vary in the details. One difference is that animals that have oestrous cycles reabsorb the endometrium if conception does not occur during that cycle. Animals that have menstrual cycles shed the endometrium through menstruation instead.
Another difference is sexual activity. In species with oestrous cycles, females are generally only sexually active during the oestrus phase of their cycle. This is referred to as being 'in heat'.
In contrast, females of species with menstrual cycles can be sexually active at any time in their cycle, even when they are not about to ovulate. Humans and some other primates, do not have any obvious external signs to signal when ovulation occurs (concealed ovulation). Recent research suggests that women tend to have more sexual thoughts and are more prone to sexual activity right before ovulation (estrus). Nevertheless, this is nothing as obvious as the frenzy which other mammals show during 'heat'.
Taien calendar
, also known as "Daien" or "Daiyan" or "Dayan" calendar, was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki"). It was developed in China; and it was used in Japan from about 746 to 857.
The calendar was created in China. It was first used in the 17th year of the "Kaigen" era during the Tang Dynasty.
The "Taien-reki" system corrected errors in the Genka calendar and Gihō calendar which were used in Japan in the first half of the 8th century. It was the work of Yixing, who was a Chinese astronomer.
Veronique Cloutier
Veronique Cloutier (born December 31, 1974 in Montreal, Quebec) is a TV and radio presenter from Quebec. She is the daughter of Carole Fullum and Guy Cloutier. She is married to Louis Morissette since June 30th 2012. They have three children.
She is a host for radio and a TV shows. In 1993, she got a job at Musique Plus. After that, she quit Musique Plus to work at Radio-Canada. In 1998, she had more than 1 200 000 viewers of her TV show named La Fureur every week. She presented La Fureur for five seasons. After that, she hosted many shows such as the ‘’Gala de l’ADISQ’’, ‘’Stars à domicile’’, ‘’La fureur de Céline’’, ‘’Ceci n’est pas un Bye Bye’’. From 2007 to 2009, she hosted a quiz show called ‘’Paquet Voleur’’. Since 2010, she works on her talk show ‘’Les enfants de la télé’’ and she also worked on the 2010 and 2011 ‘’Bye Bye’’.
She started in 1994 on the radio with ‘’Le choix de Montréal’’ on CKMF Radio Energie. In September 2004, she started a new show at Rythme FM called ‘’Les midis de Vero’’. On May 2011, she celebrated her 1000th show. Veronique Cloutier is also an actress. She played in her first movie, ‘’Les dangereux’’, in 2002. In 2004, she became president of her father’s productions which she renamed Novem Communications. She was in the business until 2009 when she decided to spend more time with her family. She also had a career as a spokeswoman. From 2000 to 2006, she represented ‘’Suzuki’’. In 2006, she was a speaker for ‘’Monnaie royale canadienne’’ and ‘’Fondation de l’hôpital Sainte-Justine’’. In 2010, her clothes collection went on the market in l’Aubainerie stores. In 2012, she associated herself with Jouviance as a beauty products ambassadress. Veronique is also active on social networks such as Facebook or Twitter.
Luteinizing hormone
Luteinizing hormone (LH, lutropin or lutrophin) is a sex hormone produced by gonadotroph cells in the anterior pituitary gland.
In females, an LH surge triggers ovulation and development of the corpus luteum (a temporary endocrine structure in female mammals that promotes relatively high levels of progesterone). In males, where LH had also been called interstitial cell–stimulating hormone (ICSH), it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. It acts synergistically with Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
The detection of a surge in luteinising hormone shows ovulation will soon happen. LH can be detected by urinary test kits. Tests are done daily, round the time ovulation is expected. A swing from a negative to a positive reading suggests that ovulation will occur in 24–48 hours. The women has two days to engage in sexual intercourse or artificial insemination with the intentions of conceiving.
Tests may be read manually using a colour-change paper strip, or digitally with the assistance of reading electronics.
Goki calendar
, also known as "Wuji li", was a Japanese lunisolar calendar ("genka reki"). It was developed in China; and it was used in Japan in the mid-9th century.
The "Goki-reki" system corrected errors in the Taien calendar which was used in Japan in the first half of the 9th century. The corrections were the work of Akasuga Manomaro.
Thomas Ley
Thomas John Ley (28 October 1880 – 29 July 1947) was an Australian politician. He was convicted of murder in England. He was probably involved in the deaths of three people in Australia.
Ley was born in Bath, England. His father died in 1882 and his mother moved the family to Australia in 1886. He attended Crown Street Public School in Sydney until he was ten. He then worked as an assistant in his mother's grocery store. He learnt shorthand, he became a junior clerk-stenographer in a solicitor's office at 14. He married Emily Louisa (known as "Lewie") Vernon in 1898, the year she came to Australia from England. Both husband and wife were active in politics. She was part of the international suffrage movement. He became a state (New South Wales) and federal politician from 1917 to 1928.
Ley served in the lower house of the New South Wales parliament (1917–25) as member for Hurstville from 1917 to 1920, representing the Nationalist Party of Australia. He then was member for St George from 1920 to 1925, representing the Progressive Party from 1920 to 1922. The Progressive Party supported proportional representation, which the state adopted in 1919. Both his electorates were in Sydney's southern suburbs.
As a teetotaller, Ley was given the nickname "Lemonade Ley". The Temperance Movement was angry when he supported laws which made it easier to sell alcohol. They found out later he was being paid by the breweries. He was still made the New South Wales' Minister for Justice from 1922 to 1925. He gained a reputation for harsh decisions.
Shortly after he became Minister for Justice, Ley made an official visit to Western Australia. He met Maggie Evelyn Brook, a magistrate's wife. After the magistrate died, Ley acted for her and her daughter in various financial and legal matters. She later became his mistress.
In 1925, Ley was elected as the Nationalist Party of Australia member for Barton in the federal House of Representatives. Other party members began to have doubts about him after the election. He was not given a federal ministry. This would normally have been expected for a man who had been a state government minister.
During the 1925 election, Ley had tried to bribe his ALP opponent, Frederick McDonald. McDonald also said that Ley had offered him a £2000 share in a property at Sydney's Kings Cross in return for withdrawing from the election. Ley won the election, and McDonald took legal action. McDonald disappeared and has never been seen again. Because McDonald could not give evidence in court, the legal action against Ley was dropped.
McDonald's disappearance may have been a coincidence. But in 1927, Hyman Goldstein, the member for Coogee in the NSW parliament's lower house, was found dead after falling from "Suicide Point" on the cliffs of Coogee. Goldstein had lost money in a business run by Ley and had made comments about him. A group of businessmen were concerned by Ley's business dealings. Many people lost money when Ley's company, SOS Prickly Pear Poisons Ltd, closed. Ley had sold his shares days before it closed and made a lot of money. Keith Greedor, who had worked with Ley, was asked to investigate. On his way to Newcastle by boat, Greedor fell overboard and drowned.
After his defeat in the 1928 election, Ley returned to England. He took Maggie Brook, his mistress of several years, leaving his wife in Australia.
Little is recorded of Ley's life during the 1930s. He again became involved in dubious business ventures, and during World War II he was arrested and convicted for black marketeering.
In 1946 Maggie Brook was living in Wimbledon, and Ley had his house at 5 Beaufort Gardens, London, converted into flats. Ley thought Brook and a barman called John McMain Mudie were lovers. Ley told two of his workers that Mudie was a blackmailer. They tortured and killed him. The case became known as the "Chalk-pit Murder" because Mudie's body was dumped in a Surrey chalk-pit.
With Lawrence John Smith, Ley was tried at the Old Bailey, and both were sentenced to death in March 1947. However, Smith's sentence was changed to life imprisonment. Ley was found to be insane and was sent to Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally Insane. There he died soon after. He is said to have been the wealthiest person ever to be a Broadmoor prisoner.
Ley's wife had followed him to England in 1942. From Broadmoor, Ley wrote letters and poems and protested his innocence to his wife and children. After his death, Lewie Ley returned to Australia. She died at Bowral, New South Wales, in 1956.
Shah Puri dialect
Shah puri is one of the oldest dialect of the Punjabi language spoken in Sargodh Division of Pakistani Punjab.
Its name is derived from former Shahpur District (now Shahpur Tehsil, part of Sargodha District). It is also called Western Punjabi.
This dialect has great proximity with Majhi Dialect of Punjabi Language. It can be described as a mixture of Majhi, Pothohari and thalochi dialects. Shahpurias in the Khushab area speak this dialect in a more Thalochi tone while those in southern parts of its distribution have color of Jhangochi on their language.
It is spoken throughout a widespread area, spoken in Sargodha and Khushab Districts and also spoken in neighbouring Mianwali, Mandi Bahudin and Bhakkar Districts. It is mainly spoken on western end of Sindh River to Chennab river crossing Jehlam river.
This entire area has almost the same traditions, customs and culture. The Shahpuri dialect of Punjabi has several aspects that set it apart from other Punjabi variants.
Two districts of Punjab Province of Pakistan and neighboring districts speak this dialect.
In typography, kerning is changing the space between two letters to make the text easier to read. Usually, this means that letters look equally spaced, and two letters are never too close together or too far apart. If two letters are too close together or too far apart that would make it difficult to read the plain text message.
The purpose of kerning, and most other typography is to make the printed or screen text more legible, that is, easier to read, and also more attractive.
A related idea is typographic ligature. This is when two letters are formed so they fit together. In traditional metal type printing, ligatures were formed from lead in certain pairs. It is basically the same idea as kerning, but done automatically.
P.M. Dawn
P.M. Dawn are an American Hip hop-R&B duo from Jersey City, New Jersey. The duo consists of Prince Be, Doc.G. and K-R.O.K.
The band was created in 1988 by brothers Attrell Cordes (Prince Be) and former member Jarrett Cordes (DJ Minutemix). Attrell and Jarrett's father died when they were young so they were raised by their mother and step father George Brown, who was a founding member of Kool & The Gang. "Set Adrift on Memory Bliss" from their debut album "Of the Heart, of the Soul and of the Cross: The Utopian Experience" is one of their best known songs and reached #1 on the Billboard Hot 100 as well as #3 on the United Kingdom.
Prince Be suffered a massive stroke in early 2005 and had a second stroke which caused a gangrenous infection in his right leg on February 12, 2009. His leg had to be amputated below the kneecap because of a result of the infection.
Bogor Regency
Bogor Regency is in West Java, Indonesia.
Bogor Regency has 40 subdistricts.
Bagh-e-Jinnah
Bagh-e-Jinnah (used to be called Lawrence Gardens) is a large park in Lahore, Pakistan. It includes a botanical garden and other popular facilities, which were made during the British Raj. The Gardens were originally named after Sir John Lawrence, who was the first Lieutenant-Governor of the Punjab and who did much to develop the city of Lahore in colonial times.
After Pakistan's independence, some people demanded that the Gardens be renamed with a more 'patriotic' name so during the 1980s, their name was finally changed to "Bagh i Jinnah" (Jinnah's Gardens), after Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of the country. However, many people in Lahore still continue to call the Gardens as 'Lawrence Gardens', for the sake of historical accuracy.
American Forces Press Service
The American Forces Press Service (AFPS) is the news service provided by the Defense Media Activity (formerly the American Forces Information Service). It is part of the United States Department of Defense. It supplies news stories that relate too the activities of U.S. military forces around the world.
Pulpurru Davies
Pulpurru Davies is an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. Most of her early life was spent living nomadically in the desert, until she and her family were settled at Warburton in the late 1960s. Part of her life in the bush was featured in the documentary "People of the Australian Western Desert" (1966). She has since become one of the earliest and most successful Ngaanyatjarra artists.