AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Billington was sworn in as the Librarian of Congress on September 14, 1987. He is the 13th person to hold the position since the Library of Congress was established in 1800. His appointment was unanimously confirmed by the Senate.
Billington has championed the Library’s American Memory National Digital Library (NDL) Program, which makes freely available on-line over 24 million American historical items from the collections of the Library and other research institutions. These unique American Memory materials and the Library’s other Internet services, which include the congressional database, THOMAS, the on-line card catalog, exhibitions, information from the U.S. Copyright Office and a web site for children and families called America’s Library, handled more than 2.6 billion transactions last year.
Billington resigned in early September 2015 because of his age. His resignation became effective on September 30, 2015.
Billington was married to the former Marjorie Anne Brennan. They had four children: Dr. Susan Billington Harper, Anne Billington Fischer, the Rev. James Hadley Billington Jr., and Thomas Keator Billington, as well as 12 grandchildren. Dr. Billington and his daughter Susan are the first father and daughter to both be awarded Rhodes Scholarships and use them to earn DPhils (at Oxford University).
Billington died at a hospital in Washington, D.C. on November 20, 2018 from pneumonia at the age of 89.
George Soros ( or ; ; born August 12, 1930, as Schwartz György) is a Hungarian-American business magnate, investor, and philanthropist. He is the chairman of Soros Fund Management. He is known as "The Man Who Broke the Bank of England" because of his US$1 billion in investment profits during the 1992 Black Wednesday UK currency crisis.
Soros was born on August 12, 1930 in Budapest, Hungary, where he was raised. He emigrated to London by himself at 17, and later to New York. He survived the Nazi occupation of Budapest, before moving to London and studying at the London School of Economics.
Soros is a well-known supporter of progressive-liberal political causes. Between 1979 and 2011, Soros gave away over $8 billion to causes related to human rights, public health, and education. He played a significant role in the peaceful transition from communism to capitalism in Hungary (1984–89) and founded Europe's Central European University in Budapest, providing the initial endowment to open the first campus. Soros is also the chairman of the Open Society Foundations.
Soros was married to Annaliese Witschak from 1960 until they divorced in 1983. They had three children. Then, Soros was married to Susan Weber Soros from 1983 until they divorced in 2005. They had two children. Soros is now married to Tamiko Bolton since 2013. Soros is a supporter of the Democratic Party.
Soros is a donates annual high sums for FC Bayern Munich.
Chaim Topol
Chaim Topol (; born September 9, 1935), sometimes known as Topol, is an Israeli theatrical and movie performer, actor, writer and producer. Topol is known for his role as Tevye the milkman in the 1971 movie "Fiddler on the Roof". He has been nominated for an Oscar and a Tony Award. He has won two Golden Globes Awards.
Topol was born on September 9, 1935 in Tel Aviv, British Mandate of Palestine (now Israel).
Some of Topol's other notable movie appearances were the title role in "Galileo" (1975), Dr. Hans Zarkov in "Flash Gordon" (1980), and as Milos Columbo in the James Bond movie "For Your Eyes Only" (1981).
Topol is married to Galia Topol. He retired from acting in 1998 and now only appears on stage.
Headquarters of the United Nations
The headquarters of the United Nations is a group of buildings in New York City. The complex has served as the official headquarters of the United Nations since its completion in 1952. It is located in the Turtle Bay neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan, on spacious grounds overlooking the East River.
Its borders are First Avenue on the west, East 42nd Street to the south, East 48th Street on the north and the East River to the east. Turtle Bay is occasionally used as a metonym for the U.N. headquarters or for the U.N. as a whole. The building was designed by many architects across the world including Brazillian Oscar Niemeyer.
Sings the Ballads of the True West is a concept album by country singer Johnny Cash. It was his 22nd album. It was released on Columbia Records in 1965. It contains 20 individual songs, including ballads and other songs on topics related to the history of the American Old West.
The only single from the album was "Mr. Garfield". This song is about the shock of the American people after the assassination of President James Garfield.
Other songs on the album include "The Ballad of Boot Hill", written by Carl Perkins; and "Streets of Laredo", a traditional folk song. One of the songs, "25 Minutes to Go" was later be performed at Folsom Prison and appeared on Cash's famous "At Folsom Prison" recording in 1968.
"Sings the Ballads of the True West" was re-released in 2002 with two extra tracks. The second of these is an instrumental version of the song "Stampede" as recorded on the original version.
Singles - Billboard (North America)
Coming Soon (1999 movie)
Coming Soon is a 1999 romance-comedy movie. It is about three rich high school seniors. Yasmine Bleeth plays Mimi, Mia Farrow is Jody, Ashton Kutcher is Louie and Ellen Pompeo is the Upset Girl.
This movie was released on April 17, 1999 in the United States. "Coming Soon" was controversial because officials of the MPAA marked it with an NC-17. The movie, however, was trimmed and re-rated R.
Carlos Mencia
Ned Arnel Mencía (born October 22, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, singer, and voice artist.
Mencia lives with his wife Amy, whom he married in 2003, in Los Angeles, California. They have two children: Lucas Pablo Mencia (born December 14, 2006) and Nicholas Mencia.
The Man Comes Around (song)
"The Man Comes Around" is a song from Johnny Cash's "" album, released in 2002. It was actually written a few years earlier; however, Cash updated it for the album. It is one of the last songs Cash wrote before his death. Both sung and spoken, the song makes numerous Biblical references, especially to the Book of Revelation.
Ceolwulf of Wessex
Ceolwulf ( ) was the King of the Gewisse, also called the King of Wessex. He ruled from to 611.
Ceolwulf was the grandson of Cynric. He succeeded his brother Ceol. The first mention of him as king in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle was in 597. He "continuously fought with success against the Angelcyn and Britons; Picts and Scots." During this time the West Saxons controlled Berkshire and Wiltshire. They also occupied parts of Somerset and Hampshire. Historians question whether he could have attacked the Picts and Scots. The Gewisse (West Saxons) were not known to range that far north into Scotland. The Picts may have reached as far south as Chester. But there is no record of Ceolwulf fighting in Chester. The chronicle records he fought the South Saxons in 607. The Jutes in the South of England would have acknowledged him as their overlord. He would have been fighting against Pybba of Mercia. Ceolwulf died in 611. He was succeeded by Cynegils
Ceolwulf had a son:
Bridget Elizabeth Sloan (born June 23, 1992) is an American gymnast. She is the 2009 All-Around World Champion and the 2009 All-Around U.S. National Champion. Bridget was a member of the silver medal U.S. women's gymnastics team at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. As of 2013, Sloan is a member of the NCAA University of Florida team, and the NCAA All-Around and Beam Champion.
Titration
Titration is a type of quantitative chemical analysis. It is used to work out the unknown concentration of a known substance.
It makes the use of two main chemical apparatus namely, pipette and burette. External indicators like phenolphthalein or methyl orange and internal indicators like KMnO4 (potassium permanganate) are used to mark the end point of titration.
A known concentration and volume of a reagent, called the "titrant" or "titrator", is added to a known volume of another reagent, the "analyte" or "titrand". This is done slowly from a burette until the end point is reached. The volume added before the end point is reached is noted. Because one of the solutions, the titrant, has a known concentration, that of the other, the titrand, can be calculated.
Professionals now use a pH meter, which is potentiometer with an electrode whose potential depends on the amount of H+ ions in the solution. The pH of the solution is measured throughout the titration, more accurately than with an indicator. At the endpoint there is a sudden change in the measured pH.
Since volume measurements play a key role in titration, it is known as "volumetric analysis" as well as "quantitative analysis".
The Wikipedia Revolution
The Wikipedia Revolution: How A Bunch of Nobodies Created The World's Greatest Encyclopedia is a 2008 book by Andrew Lih. It is a book about the history of the internet encyclopedia Wikipedia. It covers the period from the start of Wikipedia in early 2000 to early 2008. It has biographies of Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger, and Ward Cunningham. Wales and Sanger started Wikipedia, while Cunningham started the first online wiki. It also talks about events in Wikipedia's history such as the Essjay controversy.
The book has a foreword (a short piece of writing found at the beginning of a book) by Wales, and an afterword (a short piece of writing found at the end of a book) by volunteers of an online wiki who talk about the problems and opportunities in Wikipedia's future.
The Diderot effect is a phenomenon from sociology, which was named after Denis Diderot, who first described it in an essay. In the essay, Diderot talked about a robe he used to wear in the bathroom: The old robe was a little shabby, but useful. When he was given a new robe, the new robe was more shiny, and nicer, but it did not fit well with the other clothes.
"Regrets on Parting with My Old Dressing Gown": I was absolute master of my old dressing gown,” Diderot writes, “but I have become a slave to my new one … Beware of the contamination of sudden wealth. The poor man may take his ease without thinking of appearances, but the rich man is always under a strain.
So, the Diderot effect describes that people often show a tendency to buy more goods after they bought one item. It is said that they do this to restore the general perception they had about their belongings.
Game Freak
Game Freak, Inc. is a Japanese video game company that makes video games for Nintendo game consoles. It is most well known for developing the "Pokémon" series of role-playing video games.
"Game Freak" was originally a gaming magazine created by Satoshi Tajiri and Ken Sugimori in the 1980s. On April 26, 1989, Tajiri and Sugimori started a video game company with the same name.
Christina Georgina Rossetti (5 December 1830 – 29 December 1894) was born in Charlotte Street (now 105 Hallam Street), in London and was an English Victorian poet who wrote a variety of romantic, devotional, and children's poems.
She is known for her poem "Goblin Market", the "Remember" and her sonnets. She also wrote the words of two Christmas carols well known in the British Isles: "In the Bleak Midwinter", later set to music by Gustav Holst and by Harold Darke, and "Love Came Down at Christmas", also set by Harold Darke and by other composers.
Her father Gabriele Rossetti was also a poet and a political exile from Vasto, Abruzzo, since 1824 and her mother Frances Polidori was the sister of Lord Byron's friend and physician, John William Polidori.
She had two brothers and a sister: Dante Gabriel became an influential artist and poet, and William Michael and Maria both became writers.
Christina was the youngest child in the family, she was a lively child and she dictated her first story to her mother before she had learned to write.
Thanet
Ocean gyre
A gyre is a large system of ocean currents moving in a circle. Gyres are caused by the Coriolis effect. Because the Earth is rotating, ocean currents in the northern hemisphere tend to move in a clockwise direction and currents in the southern hemisphere in an anti-clockwise direction. The Coriolis force acts most strongly on the wind, and the wind then creates a torque that tends to spin the ocean currents.
The Earth rotates from the west towards the east, and the Coriolis effect becomes more intense toward the poles. Because of this, gyres form strong currents on the western side of oceans, so they are pushed against the eastern coast of continents. The vorticity (the strength of the torque force) is balanced out by frictional surface currents, which normally act against the spin of the water. However, in the middle of the ocean, the effects of friction are very weak.
The term "gyre" can be used to mean any type of vortex in the air or the sea, but it is most used in oceanography for the major ocean current systems.
These are the five largest gyres:
Tropical gyres tend to be mostly east-west with minor north-south extent.
The centre of a subtropical gyre is a high pressure area, which the ocean moves around. The high pressure in the centre is due to the westerly winds on the northern side of the gyre and easterly winds on the southern side of the gyre. These cause frictional surface currents towards the latitude at the centre of the gyre.
Subpolar gyres form at high latitudes (around 60°). The ocean moves around a low pressure area. Surface currents generally move outward from the centre of the system.
Striptease (movie)
Goderich is a town in the Ontario, Canada. It is the county seat of Huron County. The town was founded by William Dunlop in 1827. It is named after Frederick John Robinson, 1st Viscount Goderich. The town was officially incorporated in 1850.
The population of Goderich is 7,521 in 2011. The area of the town is 7.91 square kilometers.
Goderich is located on the eastern shore of Lake Huron, at the mouth of the Maitland River. Queen Elizabeth II said that Goderich was "the prettiest town in Canada." But no reigning monarch has ever visited the town. Tourism is important to the local economy. Tourists come for the sunsets over the lake.
Goderich contains many places that are listed on the Canadian Register of Historic Places (CRHP). The Huron Historic Gaol is a National Historic Site. It served as the prison of Huron County from its opening in 1842 until 1972.
Davy lamp
The Davy lamp is a safety lamp for use in mines. It was invented in 1815 by Sir Humphry Davy.
It is a wick lamp with the flame enclosed inside a mesh screen. It was created for use in coal mines, where explosions happened in the presence of methane and other flammable gases. Those gases, called "firedamp" or "minedamp", did not ignite a shielded flame. The wire mesh put flames out.
The lamp also warned the men of carbon dioxide or methane. The flame would burn higher, and with a blue tinge. Modern versions of the lamp are still used to test mine gases, but the light for working is now electric.
Substance abuse, or drug abuse, happens when a person uses a drug over and over again, in ways that hurt their health. The person is using the drug to change their mood or to feel better, not for any healthy reason. Sometimes when the person uses the drug for a long time, they will start to act differently. Some of the drugs are illegal to have or use, or can have certain limits that the person does not follow. Someone who thinks that they need a drug is called an addict.
Substance abuse can have different symptoms in different people. “Drug abuse” is not used in the DSM or ICD. In the DSM, the term “substance abuse” is used instead to mean the misuse of one of ten different types of drugs.  A person can also become dependent on drugs. Repetitive use of a drug can cause dependence as well as tolerance. Tolerance happens when it takes more of a drug to produce the same effect than a previous time.
The term “drug misuse” is sometimes used when the drug being used is a prescription medication that are classified as sedatives (medicines that make someone calm), anxiolytics (medicines that make someone less worried or anxious), analgesics (medicines that reduce pain), or stimulants (medicines that give someone more energy). Someone who abuses there drugs may have to illegally buy them from someone who gets them from a doctor.
Not everyone agrees on the definition of substance abuse. Different countries have different rules for what is a drug and what drugs are illegal. People also do not agree about what is abuse. In most Western countries, one glass of wine is acceptable, but drinking more than one bottle at once is abuse. To some people, any drinking can be seen as abuse. In the United States, any use of marijuana
In many cases, when a person is using drugs, their thinking and behaviors change. Sometimes, they commit crimes while using drugs. They may do things that are not safe, like drive a car while drunk. When people abuse drugs over a longer time, their personalities often change as well. The people who abuse drugs are often addicted. Since many of these drugs are illegal, very often drug users have problems with the law.
There are two major ideas about why people abuse drugs. Many people believe that both can be true for different cases or with different people, which is one reason why different treatments work better or worse for different people.
One idea about why people use drugs is because of their genes. When a person's parents or grandparents have been addicted to drugs, alcohol, cigarettes or even coffee, the same genes that made them become addicted could be passed down to any of their children. When someone is born with the genes that increase addiction, it causes their brain and body to become dependent on drugs very quickly. But even if a person's genes make it easier for them to become addicted to drugs, that person still need to try a drug first, before they can become addicted on it. This idea also means that different people can have harder or easier time stopping drugs after they are already addicted.
The second major idea is that drug use is a habit that becomes harmful. It is always very hard to stop bad habits, but in this idea, drugs are one of the strongest bad habits because drugs cause so many changes in the brain. Each time a person uses drugs, the parts of the brain that think about drugs become stronger and stronger. In this idea, if a person likes drugs, that person starts to plan their day around using drugs. To stop a habit as strong as drug use, many other things about that person's life must also change. This idea also means that, the longer a person takes drugs, the harder it is for them to stop taking drugs.
People abuse drugs in many different ways, including:
Some of the most commonly abused "illegal drugs" are:
Some of the most commonly abused "legal drugs and medicines" are:
People who abuse drugs have a high rate of suicide. This is because of the changes in the brain caused by drugs, both when they are being used and the changes they cause over time. Another cause is the loss of family and friends because of the drug abuse. In the United States, about 30% of all people who perform suicide have abused alcohol at some point.
This table explains more about how some commonly abused drugs relate to depression and suicide:
Treatment of substance abuse can include both therapy and medicine. Therapy for substance abuse helps people not use drugs when they feel they need to. For children and young adults, both the child and the family may have therapy. The child will learn how to not abuse, and the family will learn how to help the child. The organization Alcoholics Anonymous helps people with alcohol abuse.
For some kinds of substance abuse, medicine can be used to help. Some of these medicines, such as methadone, stop the drug from working in the brain. Other medicines can cause people to feel ill if they use the substance that they abuse. Some medicines, like bupropion, makes people stop wanting the drug so much.
Many substances can cause withdrawal. Withdrawal is group of bad feelings that happen when someone stops taking a drug suddenly, if they were regularly taking that drug before. For someone to have withdrawal, they must be dependent on the drug. Different drugs cause different things to happen during withdrawal. They can also cause different amounts of trouble for the person in withdrawal. Withdrawal for some drugs, like heroin and other opiates, can be dangerous or deadly, and should be done with a doctor or nurse taking care of the person in withdrawal.
About 9% of Americans have a substance abuse issue. Young people are the most likely to experiment with and abuse drugs. Drug abuse affects about 5% of adolescents. More men than women have substance abuse disorder, though women are more likely to have an issue with abusing prescription medication. Children who have parents with substance abuse issues are more likely to have a substance abuse issue when they grow up.
Certain groups of people are more likely to develop substance abuse issues. One group is immigrants or other people who have left their home country. They often have issues in their new country, and some use drugs as a way to feel better.  Another group that is at risk is homeless children. They will use drugs to become closer to each other. A third group that is at risk is musicians. They may use stimulants to make themselves more active and happy. Singers can also hurt themselves if they use drugs that are inhaled.
The first official definition for substance abuse was made in 1932 by the American Psychiatric Association. This definition was only used for when the substance was illegal and not being used as medicine. In 1966, the American Medical Association defined abuse as the drug being given by someone to themselves without a doctor.
The first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) had drug abuse as a symptom of other psychological issues. In the third edition, substance abuse was made its own issue. The DSM also has drug abuse as a different issue than drug dependence, which is defined as compulsive use of a drug.
Most countries have laws that make having or using certain drugs illegal. The rules for these drugs can be different between countries or in different parts of the same country. Many drugs that are illegal in several places are sold to make money for groups known as drug cartels.
Drug abuse can also cause issues in a country’s economy. According to the European Union, about 2.5 billion dollars are lost each year because of people abusing drugs. This loss comes from people not going to work or having to go to the hospital because of side effects of the drug. In the United Kingdom, about 29 billion dollars a year are lost. This number does not include the cost of police or other law enforcement. In the United States, the cost was 181 billion dollars in 2002. This number includes costs because of health issues, loss of work, law enforcement, and welfare programs.
Lorde
Ella Marija Lani Yellich-O'Connor (born 7 November 1996), known by her stage name Lorde, is a New Zealand singer-songwriter. She was signed to Universal Music at the age of 13. Lorde's first album, "Pure Heroine", was released in September 2013. It was followed by "Melodrama" in 2017.
Her first single, "Royals", was released on Republic on 8 March 2013. It reached number one on the US "Billboard" Hot 100, in Canada, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand and number two in Australia. It made her the first solo artist from New Zealand to have a number one in the US. "Royals" also made her the youngest person (age 16) to have a US number one in 26 years. A controversial article on Feministing by Veronica Bayetti Flores described the song 'deeply racist'. Music and culture critic Ed Hightower has offered an appraisal of Lorde's song that rejects Flores' accusation. The song has been covered by Pixie Lott, Neon Jungle, and Mutya Keisha Siobhan.
Her second single "Tennis Court" did not reach the Hot 100. It was a number one in NZ in its first week of release. It made her the first New Zealand artist to have four songs in the top 20 at once.
Her third single "Team" was leaked and then released on 13 September in the US. It reached number 6 on the Hot 100 and number 3 in the NZ top 40. It is one of the songs on "Pure Heroine" that Lorde wrote on her own.
She has released three other promo singles, "Bravado", "Buzzcut Season", and "Ribs". "Million Dollar Bills", "Swingin' Party", and "The Love Club" have also charted.
Her first album "Pure Heroine" was released by Universal Music on 30 September 2013 in the US. Virgin Records released it in the UK in October. It got good reviews from music critics. It reached number one in the iTunes chart in Canada, Australia, the US, and New Zealand. The album was co-written and produced by Joel Little.
She released her first EP, "Love Club", online for free in November 2012. It debuted at number two in Australia and New Zealand and reached twenty-three on the US Billboard 200. It contains 5 songs. The US iTunes version contains "Swingin' Party" as track 2 instead of "Royals". The NZ iTunes version has a bonus track, "Bravado" (Fffrrannno Remix).
Her second EP Tennis Court was released 22 July on Virgin.
Her cover of "Everybody Wants to Rule the World" by Tears for Fears was in the soundtrack. It reached number fourteen in the NZ chart.
In November 2013, she signed with Songs Music to have the rights to her songs. This made her a millionaire. Lorde writes most of her songs with Joe Little, so she owns 50% of the copyright to her songs.
Lorde released a new single on 13 December 2013, called "No Better". It was later included on the extended edition of "Pure Heroine".
In January 2014, the song "Team" had reached the top ten of the US "Billboard" Hot 100 chart.
On 3 March 2014, Lorde started a tour in the United States.
Lorde was nominated for four Grammy Awards in December 2013. The nominations were Song of the Year, Record of the Year, Best Pop Solo Performance and Best Pop Vocal Album. She was the youngest person to ever be nominated for Record of the Year. She performed "Royals" at the awards ceremony.
Lorde was born in Takapuna, Auckland. She is a sex positive feminist. In an interview with Huffington Post she said, "I've seen people compare me to just about every female slightly alt[ernative] female musician because people feel the need to put females with other females, which I guess I understand, but I think I'm different because my music is accessible, but it's also smart and those are two things that don't often go together musically."
She was a student at Takapuna Grammar School.
Britons (Celtic people)
The Britons (also called Brythons) were the people who spoke a Celtic language known as Common Brittonic. They lived in Great Britain during the Iron Age, Roman Britain and the Sub-Roman period following the Romans' departure from Britain. Following the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons, who occupied most what is now the country of England, some of the Britons migrated to Wales, Cornwall and southern Scotland, while others moved to Armorica and renamed it Brittany. Those who remained were absorbed into Anglo-Saxon society.
The name of the Britons in the modern English language is borrowed in part from , and in part from the French language of the Middle Ages (). During Roman Britain, the Latin word and its plural, , took the place of the Romans' earlier word for a person from Britain, , and its plural, the . The people of Roman Britain (the Romano-British population) named themselves in Latin. Other people also named the Britons this way: the work of the Roman historian Procopius names them as and in Ireland, the Britons were named the . Some modern Celtic languages also use this form for Britain was well: and .
The Anglo-Saxon historian Bede, writing in Latin, used the name , with the plural "". The "e" vowel in this spelling could be taken from the Anglo-Saxon language's word for the Britons: , also spelled "Britt-", "Bryt", "Brytt"-, "Bret", and "Brit". The Anglo-Saxons probably took this name from the Romano-British. The was a word used in Britain from the 5th century. Whether the Anglo-Saxons took the name "Brett" from the Latin name or from a British word of the same meaning is unknown. The Anglo-Saxons must have started using the word "Brett" by the 6th century. If they had copied the British word at a later time, the word would have had -"th"- instead of -"t"-, like the . In that case, the Old English copy would have had -"þ"- or -"ð"- in the place of -"tt"-.
The name continued to be used in Middle English, with the spellings "Bret", "Brette", "Brettis". Middle English also used the forms "Brut" and "Brutt"-, with the spelling copied from the name of Brutus of Troy. Mythology in the Middle Ages said that Britain was named after Brutus. In Early Modern English, the forms "Brett" and "Britt" were used. The spellings "Bret" and "Brit" were used in Scots.
The first Professor of Celtic at the University of Oxford, John Rhys, was the first person to use the name "Brython" (from ) in academia as another English language word for the Britons. He named the languages of the Britons "Brythonic", or the "Brythonic languages". Rhys used these names to be clear about what he meant, because names like "British" can be ambiguous ("with more than one meaning"). "Brythonic" and "Brythonic languages" are names that are no longer common. The names "Brittonic" and "Brittonic languages" are now more common in linguistics ("the study of languages").
From the Iron Age onward, Britain was divided among a variety of Celtic tribes. When the Romans came, many of the tribes adopted Roman culture and the Latin language.
Clonazepam
Tenant farming
Tenant farming is when the person who works the farmland does not own the land themselves. The farmer pays rent to the landowner, either with cash or with a portion of the produce. When the rent is a share of the crop, it is sharecropping.
Many freed slaves during the Reconstruction of the United States who owned no land became tenant farmers, renting land from a great landowner.
Hope Springs (2012 movie)
Hope Springs is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama movie directed by David Frankel and written by Vanessa Taylor. It stars Meryl Streep, Tommy Lee Jones, Mimi Rogers, Jean Smart, and Steve Carell.
The movie was released on August 8, 2012. It received generally positive reviews and the cast was praised for their performances. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award, and won a People's Choice Award.
Mockbuster
A mockbuster (also called a knockbuster or a drafting opportunity) is a movie made to take advantage of the publicity of a similar major movie. These types of movies are often made on a low budget. They are made to be released direct-to-video at the same time that the original movie is released in theaters or on video.
Mockbusters are often made to make customers mistakenly buy the movie instead of the one that they wanted. For example, someone may think that they are buying "Transformers", but they are actually buying "Transmorphers", a mockbuster that was released in 2007. Because of this, a mockbuster will often use a title similar to the original movie.
Many mockbusters are made in a different country than the one that the original movie was made in. There are many Turkish, Italian, German, French and Brazilian versions of American movies, as well as sequels that were not made by the people who made the original movie.
Ceol of Wessex
Ceol (also known as Ceola or Ceolric) was the King of the Gewisse, also called the King of Wessex. He ruled from 591 to 597. He was first an until 592 when he replaced his uncle Ceawlin of Wessex as king.
Ceol was the grandson of Cynric. He was also the brother of Ceolwulf. He was underking to his uncle Ceawlin, king of the Gewisse. In 592 Ceawlin was driven out of power. This was the result of losing in a battle at Woddesbeorg (or Wodnesbeorg). The chronicle says there was a great slaughter, presumably this was among the Gewisse (West Saxons). If the story in the chronicle is correct the older king Ceawlin was removed from his throne by his nephew, Ceol. In 593 Ceawlin, along with a Cwichelm and a Crida (both otherwise unknown) died. Ceol ruled until 577 when he was succeeded by his brother Ceolwulf. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle does not say when he died. But he either died in 577 or shortly afterwards.
Slavonic Orthodox
Slavonic Orthodox refers to churches in Eastern Europe that serve Slavic peoples.
Characters in Romeo and Juliet
This is a list of characters in William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet".
In addition, the script contains a number of minor characters such as Pages, Musicians, Citizens of Verona, male and female Kinsfolk to both Houses, Masquers, Guards, Watchmen, Officers, and Attendants.
Gravity (2013 movie)
Gravity is released in 2013 British-American space drama science fiction thriller movie. It is a 3D movie.
It was co-written, co-produced, co-edited and directed by Alfonso Cuarón. The movie stars Sandra Bullock and George Clooney as surviving astronauts from a space shuttle destroyed by debris.
The movie has gotten many awards, and won seven awards in the 86th Academy Awards, with Alfonso Cuarón receiving Best Director.
The Million Second Quiz
The Million Second Quiz is an American television game show. It aired on NBC from September 9 to September 19, 2013. It follows a group of contestants who compete for up to $2 million in a game show that lasts for 1,000,000 seconds (or 11 days, 13 hours, 46 minutes, and 40 seconds). NBC aired the show for one hour each day (except for Sunday the 15th, and the final episode was two hours), while the rest of the show aired on the "Million Dollar Quiz" internet application and NBC.com. It is hosted by Ryan Seacrest.
The show takes place in a large hourglass-shaped structure in Midtown Manhattan near the Lincoln Tunnel. Contestants play for 24 hours a day for 1,000,000 seconds, or around eleven and a half days. At any given time, a contestant is sitting in the "Money Chair" and earning money, while defending his/her position in the chair in bouts against another contestant. Contestants earn $10 a second they are in the chair, even when bouts are not being played and during commercial breaks. Only the four contestants with the highest amount of money keep their winnings when the million seconds are up.
Each bout lasts for a set number of seconds. All questions are multiple choice with four possible answers. Contestants use keypads to lock in their answers. The players cannot see each other's answers. They have five seconds to do so when the question is asked.
During the episodes that are seen on television, there are three bouts: the "Challenger" bout (300 seconds, or 5 minutes), the "Line Jumper" bout (300 seconds in the first episode, 400 seconds, or 6 minutes 40 seconds, from the second episode on), and the Winner's Defense" bout (400 seconds in the first through ninth episodes, 500 seconds, or 8 minutes 20 seconds, in the 10th episode). Questions start at one point each. Every 100 seconds, the value of the questions increase by one point.
At any time, a contestant may choose to "double" instead of answering the question. If the contestant does so, the question's value is doubled, and the opponent has to either answer the question or "double back", which quadruples the point value and forces the person who the question was given to to answer. If a doubled or doubled-back contestant answers incorrectly or does not answer in five seconds, the opponent gets the points. Contestants can choose to double as often as they want during a bout.
At the end of a bout, the contestant with the higher score wins and either stays in the "Money Chair" or replaces the current contestant in it. If both contestants have the same number of points at the end of a bout, a question is asked, and the contestant who answers correctly first wins the bout. If both contestants answer incorrectly, the contestant with the higher amount of money wins.
The "Challenger" bout has a contestant who has successfully gone through an on-site tryout process. The "Line Jumper" bout has a contestant who has gotten a high enough score on the "Million Second Quiz" internet application, allowing them to skip the tryout and go on the show.
The four contestants with the most amount of money live in the "Winners' Row". This is a living area that is set up next to the hourglass. They are at risk of being replaced if another contestant gets a higher score than them. During a "Winner's Defense" bout, the current "Power Player" (the contestant who had the highest number of correct answers playing along in "Winners' Row" that day) chooses one of the four "Winners' Row" contestants, who can be him/herself, to play against the contestant who is currently in the "Money Chair". The winner gets all of the loser's winnings in addition to their own winnings, while the loser is out of the game.
Bouts that are not shown on television last for 500 seconds. Every question is worth one point. Contestants cannot double in these bouts. Four bouts are played in an hour; with a five-minute pause after each of the first three. The fourth bout is followed by an 11-minute break. During this time, a contestant may eat, drink, or use the bathroom. Contestants earn money during the five-minute pauses, but not during the 11-minute break.
After 1,000,000 seconds, the four contestants with the most amount of money keep all of the winnings they have earned. They face in a series of three bouts, which are as follows:
The winner of the third bout wins $2,000,000.
Edith Nesbit
Edith Nesbit (1858–1924) was an English writer. She was known for her books for children. Some of her novels, such as "The Railway Children", have been made into films.
Artemisia (movie)
Artemisia is a 1997 French and Italian erotic and biographical movie. It is about Artemisia Gentileschi, a 17th-century Italian painter. She is as talented as her father, who is also a painter. At that time in Italy, women were not allowed to paint humans in the nude. But Artemisia is very much determined.
The movie got very positive reviews. The MPAA originally gave "Artemisia" an NC-17 rating. On appeal, the rating was changed to an R-rating.
C major
C major is a major scale based on C, which is made up of the pitches C,D,E,F,G,A,B. Its key signature has no flats or sharps (see below: Scales and keys).
Its relative minor is A minor, and its parallel minor is C minor. A scale in both C major and A minor can be played on a piano or other keyboard instrument using only the white keys.
Geoffroi de Charny
Geoffroi de Charny ( 1300 – 19 September 1356) was the Lord of Lirey, a French knight and a writer. Sir Geoffroi was born of an important French family. Throughout his life he fought many battles for France. He fought in the Crusades and many times throughout the war with England. He was always loyal to his King, Jean II, King of France and died at the Battle of Poitiers protecting him. Throughout his lifetime he was well known and well respected by both the French and the English kings and nobles. At Poitiers he was chosen to carry the Oriflamme into battle. The Oriflamme was the Kings banner and this was a great honor given to a knight by the King. He was also one of the Knights chosen to fight close to and protect the King. De Charny was said to be a "true and perfect Knight".
Jean de Joinville was de Charny's grandfather's. He was a close friend of King Louis IX and author of his biography. In the same tradition, Sir Geoffroi wrote three books in his time. His most famous book was "A Knight's Own Book of Chivalry". In this book he shared his great skill and knowledge of combat. The second book written by de Charny is entitled, "Requests (or Questions) for jousting tournaments and war". It was written about 1352 to the Knights of the Order of the Star which Sir Geoffroi founded. This book was written in the form of questions. His third book was the book "Charny", describes the life of a knight and lists the qualities a good knight must possess.
Charny fought in Flanders and Tournay. He was taken prisoner but was ransomed because the King considered him so important. He fought in many major battles during the Hundred Years' War such as the battles of Calais, Crecy and Poitiers.
Sir John Chandos was a close friend and biographer of Edward, the Black Prince, the eldest son of King Edward III of England. Chandos was a famous knight himself. He was an educated man and wrote down the events of a great meeting of both sides before the Battle of Poitiers. He wrote that at that meeting Sir Geoffroi tried to avoid a great bloodshed by proposing a smaller battle where 100 knights on each side would do battle with each other and the outcome would decide the battle. Chandos writes that Charny was trying to find an honorable solution to avoid a great many more deaths. The Black Prince refused that offer. Charny’s predictions turned out to be true and indeed a great many nobles on both sides lost their life that day, including de Charny himself.
Charny died at the Battle of Poitiers while protecting the King.
Historical records seem to indicate that a shroud bearing an image of a crucified man (represented in the Pilgrim Badge shown here) existed in the small town of Lirey in France around the years 1353 to 1357 in the possession of Geoffroi de Charny. The cloth itself is controversial. Some believe it is a fake, while others believe the shroud to be the true burial cloth of Jesus Christ.
A mixtape (or mixed-tape) is any compilation of songs recorded onto a cassette tape or other storage medium. A mixtape usually shows the kind of music that the person who made it likes to listen to. It can range from a randomly selected list of favourite songs, to a conceptual mix of songs of the same genre or mood. Making mixtapes may be considered an art form.
Since the 1990s, the term "mixtape" can also describe releases used to promote one or more new musical artists, or as a pre-release by more established artists to promote upcoming albums.
Caius (jurist)
Caius or Gaius was a lawyer who lived in the 2nd century. Very little is known about his life, but he left a scholarly work on Roman law, called Institutiones. The Law of Citations, introduced in the year 426 made him one of the authorities of Roman law, together with Ulpian, Paulus, Papianus and Modestinus.
His works were written between AD 130 and 180.
Pascal's simplex
Corey Locke
Corey Locke (born May 8, 1984) is a Canadian ice hockey player. He has played for the Montreal Canadiens, New York Rangers, and the Ottawa Senators. He also played for Turku (Finland). He was born in Toronto, Ontario.
Harrow (tool)
A harrow is a farm tool. It is an implement for breaking up and smoothing out the surface of the soil. In this way it is different from a plow, which cuts deeper into the soil. A plow also lifts up the soil and tips it over, but a harrow works mostly by cutting into the soil and breaking it up. Harrowing is often carried out on fields to follow the rough surface left by plowing.
The purpose of this harrowing is generally to break up clods (lumps of soil) and to provide a finer finish, a good tilth or soil structure that is good for planting seeds. It may also be used to remove weeds and to cover up seed after sowing.
Harrows differ from cultivators in that they disturb the whole surface of the soil, instead of disturbing only narrow trails that avoid crop rows (to kill weeds).
There are four general types of harrows: disc harrow, tine harrow, chain harrow and chain disk harrows. Harrows were originally pulled by draft animals, such as horses, mules, or oxen, or in some times and places by people. In modern practice they are almost always pulled by tractors, either from a drawbar or mounted on the three-point hitch.
Harrows may be of several types and weights, depending on their purpose. They almost always consist of a rigid frame that holds discs, teeth, linked chains, or other means of moving soil—but tine and chain harrows are often only supported by a bar at the front of the set.
Depending on the type of soil and the crop being planted, one or more types of harrows may be used to get the soil ready for planting. If the soil is very light so that it might easily be wind-blown, a roller can be used at the end to settle it.
A "drag" is a name for a heavy harrow, often a chain type.
Bell Laboratories (or Bell Labs) is part of the French company Alcatel-Lucent which in turn is owned by Nokia. It is a research subsidiary of the company, and is based in Berkeley Heights, New Jersey, United States.
AT&T created Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1925. It works on creating new things. Bell Labs in the 20th century did much scientific research. Work done there has won seven Nobel Prizes.
Ceawlin of Wessex
Ceawlin (also spelled Ceaulin and Caelin) ( 593) was the King of the Gewisse, also called the King of Wessex. He ruled from 560 to 592. He was the second king to be overlord over all the English south of the River Humber.
Ceawlin was the son of Cynric. He is mentioned as fighting alongside his father against the Bretons at Branbury in 556. According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle Ceawlin became king of the West Saxons in 560. Bede states Ceawlin was the second king to rule the southern English as overlord. The informal term for a king that ruled over other kings was "". The term comes from the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle and means 'Britain ruler'. These overkings typically received from other Anglo-Saxon kings in the south.
In 577 Ceawlin, with his son Cuthwine, led the Gewisse against the Britons at 'Deorham' (Dyrham in Gloucestershire). They reportedly killed three kings, Coinmail, Condidan, and Farinmail. Ceawlin and Cuthwine captured Gloucester, Cirencester and Bath. West Saxons then colonized the lower Severn valley. The importance of this victory was that it gave the West Saxons access to the western sea. This also divided the Britons so they could no longer communicate by land. But it was territory later Wessex kings would not be able to hold. In 584 Ceawlin defeated the Britons at Fethanlea (Oxfordshire) but his ally Cutha was killed there.
About 592 Ceawlin fought a battle at Woddesbeorg (or Wodnesbeorg) also called Adam's Grave, east of Devizes in Wiltshire. There was a 'great slaughter' but nothing was said as to who he fought; Britons or Anglo-Saxons. But it was over this loss that Ceawlin was driven out of power. His nephew Ceol replaced him as king in 592. Ceawlin died in 593. At the end of his reign, the Gewisse or West Saxons held the lands of Berkshire, Wiltshire, Hampshire and much of Gloucestershire.
Meet the Press
Meet the Press is an American television news/interview show that airs on NBC. It began on November 6, 1947. It is the longest-running television show in American television history.
The show's format has a long one-on-one interview with a person who works in politics. There may also be a discussion with either members of Congress or political commentators.
"Meet the Press" began on radio in 1945 as "American Mercury Presents: Meet the Press". It was a show that was used to promote "The American Mercury", an American magazine that was issued from 1924 to 1981. The show moved to television with a shorter title of just "Meet the Press" on November 6, 1947.
Over the years, the show has had eleven hosts called "moderators". The first moderator was Martha Rountree. The current moderator is David Gregory, who has hosted the show since December 2008. Tim Russert is the show's longest-lasting moderator. He hosted from 1991 to his death on June 13, 2008.
This is a list of moderators who have hosted "Meet the Press".
MultiMediaCard
The MultiMediaCard (MMC) is a flash memory card standard. It was developed by SanDisk and Siemens AG for use in the consumer market. The card is about the size of a postage stamp: 24 mm × 32 mm × 1.4 mm.
Gaius
Gaius, sometimes spelled Caius, was a common given name in Latin. When written, it is often abbreviated C.; the abbreviation goes back to before the Roman alphabet distinguished between the letters C and G.
Some people with this name:
Willa Ford
Amanda Lee Modano (earlier last name: Williford, also called Willa Ford; born 22 January 1981) is an American singer, songwriter, actress and television personality. She released her very first studio record, "Willa was Were", in July 2001. Ford hosted several reality television shows, posed for "Playboy" and competed on the show "Dancing with the Stars". The actress was born in Florida.
Erin Wasson