AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Lostwithiel is a small town in Cornwall, United Kingdom, at the head of the estuary of the River Fowey. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 2,739. The town is in the Fowey river valley, between the A390 road from Tavistock to Truro and the upper tidal reaches of the river.
Lostwithiel railway station is on the Cornish Main Line from Plymouth to Penzance. It is at the south of the town, just across the medieval bridge which was built in the early 14th century. A branch line takes china clay trains to Fowey.
Lostwithiel's most notable buildings are St Bartholomew's Church and Restormel Castle.
Penryn (Cornwall)
Penryn is a small town in south Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is on the Penryn River about one mile (1.6 km) northwest of Falmouth. The population was 7,166 in the 2001 census.
Penryn was in the Middle Ages an important port but underwent a severe decline after Falmouth had been established in the 17th century. Today it is a busy town and has managed to retain a much of its heritage; a large proportion of its buildings date back to Tudor, Jacobean and Georgian times, the town is an important conservation area, and has more listed buildings than any other town in Cornwall.
St Agnes (Cornwall)
St Agnes is a large village on the north coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom, and a popular tourist destination. St Agnes is about five miles (8 km) north of Redruth and ten miles (16 km) southwest of Newquay.
St Agnes and the surrounding area were once reliant on the industries of fishing, farming and mining for copper and tin. Mining came to an end in the 1920s and many of these mines are still on view for any tourists.
The coastal area is part of the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and St Agnes Beacon is a local landmark.
Lillix
Lillix (formerly Tigerlily) is a Canadian pop rock band from Cranbrook, British Columbia. Lillex has five members in the band; the current band members are Tasha-Ray Evin, Lacey-Lee Evin, Eric Hoodicoff, Cameron Brass and Alex Varon. They released their third studio album, Tigerlily on August 24, 2010.
Natalia Kills
Natalia Noemi Cappuccini (born 15 August 1986) is an English R&B singer-songwriter, and actress who is better known by her stage name, Natalia Kills. She was born in Bradford, West Yorkshire to a Uruguayan mother and Jamaican father. She released her debut album "Perfectionist" on 1 April 2011 which features the singles, "Mirrors", "Wonderland" and "Free". She will be helping Ke$ha on her UK tour along with LMFAO.
Cloaca
The cloaca is a common rear opening in land vertebrates. Through this opening, the animals expel urine and faeces, and carry out reproduction.
The cloaca is a primitive or 'basal' feature of tetrapods. All amphibia, all sauropsids (reptiles and birds) and even monotreme mammals possess a cloaca.
A different method is used by therian mammals, such as marsupials and placentals. They have an anus for defecation, and another opening for urine and sexual reproduction.
Whitehurst &amp; Son sundial (1812)
The Whitehurst & Son Sundial was produced in Derby in 1812 by the nephew of John Whitehurst. It is now in the Derby Museum and Art Gallery. This is a precise sundial which tells not only local apparent time but also local mean time using a scale on it. It is accurate to the nearest minute.
The Whitehurst family was known in Derby as skillful mechanics. John Whitehurst (1713–1788) was born in Congleton, but came to Derby where he became a watch and clock maker. He moved to London to assume the post of Inspector of Weights. His nephew continued the business under the name of Whitehurst & Son. The family business was known for their turret clocks.
To construct a sundial, one must understand the geometry of the solar system, and particularly how the sun will cast a shadow onto a flat surface, in this case a horizontal surface. Each day over a yearly cycle the shadow will be different from the day before, and the shadow is specific to the location of the dial, particularly its latitude. The dial is designed to tell local apparent time so the longitude is not important. In this case, noon will be at the point when the sun is highest in sky and due south, and standard time would be when the sun was due south at another point such as the Royal Observatory at Greenwich. Derby is at 1° 28′ 46.2″ West of Greenwich, so the sun is approximately 5 mins and 52.05 s later in reaching noon. And also when telling the time, we must consider the equation of time. That is to say, as the earth moves around the sun in a slight ellipse, day length slightly varies everyday. For example, the difference from the average becomes up to 16 minutes in November and February. This equation of time had been really unknown for a long time until people started comparing sundials with mechanical clocks. If a clock ignores this difference, it measures average time. If a clock is re balanced each day to make them correspond with the natural cycle, it measures local mean time. A fixed noon and fixed day are essential for railways timetabling, so Greenwich Mean Time was adopted. In the case of Midland Railway, it was by January 1848.
This particular bronze sundial is marked "Whitehurst and Son/Derby/1812" and is thought to have been made for George Benson Strutt (who was the younger brother of the cotton spinner William Strutt), for his home Bridge Hill House, in Belper. This has the precise location of 53° 1′ 49.08″ north, and 1° 29′ 26.88″ West of Greenwich, which is slightly different from those of Derby, at 52° 55′ 00″ north, a difference of 6′ 49″. The Longitude is almost same, and gives only a 2 second time difference.
The dial is stoutly made and has one thick style (gnomon, a stick which casts shadow on the plate). The dial plate is not one complete circle but two semicircles separated by the thickness of the style. In this design of sundial, the angle of the style to the dial plate is exactly the same as latitude, which is 53° 1′ 49″ (the latitude of the Bridge Hill House).
The dial plate will be perfectly horizontal there. In case it is placed at different location, slight adjustment for latitude is required by slanting the dial plate. As the dial is now 0° 6′ 49″, or about 1/10th of a degree south- the nose of the gnomon needs to be raised by that amount.
In the "horizontal sundial" (also called a "garden sundial"), the plane that receives the shadow is aligned horizontally. (In the equatorial dial, the style stands vertically against the plate.) Hence, the line of shadow does not rotate uniformly on the dial face. Consequently, the hour lines are spaced according to a calculation.
The dial plate is strictly engraved with hour lines which were calculated using the formula:
where λ is the sundial's geographical latitude (and the angle the style makes with horizontal), θ is the angle between a given hour-line and the noon hour-line (which always points towards true North) on the plane, and "t" is the number of hours before or after noon.
For each of the hours 1 to 6, the formula is calculated. For instance at 3 hours after noon, we substitute the numbers 53.03 and 3 into the formula
This generates these results
The hours before noon are exactly the same, because the dial is symmetrical, so the other lines are mirror images of those above.
In the same manner, the half hours and the minute lines would be calculated. As noon is set exactly on the north-south line, and not 5' and 54" (time difference between Belper and Greenwich) to one side, we can tell that this dial is telling Belper time and not Greenwich time.
Significantly, on the plate we can see a pair of scales that help the observer make the equation of time correction. One scale gives the date in months and days. Along side of it, another scale is engraved with the minutes on that day that the watch would be running faster or slower. Here it is labeled "Watch Slower, Watch Faster. The 15th April is one day when no conversion needs to be made. This dial can be used both to read solar time shown by sundials and also the mean time that is favoured by clocks, with the practical purpose that observers can use the dial to calibrate their pocket watches, which in 1812 would not always run true. By 1820 watches manufacture had improved and the Lever escapement had become popular, so frequent calibration was no longer needed.
Another Whitehurst sundial dated around 1800 sold for £1850 in 2005 in Derby.
A chimney is a structure used to ventilate hot flue gases or smoke from a boiler, stove, furnace or fireplace to the outside atmosphere. Most chimneys are vertical, or almost vertical, to make sure that the gases flow easily, drawing air into the combustion in what is known as the stack, or chimney, effect. The space inside a chimney is called a "flue". Chimneys may be found in buildings, steam locomotives and ships. In the United States, the term smokestack is also used when talking about locomotive chimneys or ship chimneys, the word funnel can be used too.
The Height of a chimney is really important, when higher, chimney's dispersion of pollutants will not cause too much influence on surrounding areas. Tall chimneys also allow chemicals to self-neutralize in the air before they reach the ground.
Home appliance
A Home appliance is any electrical machine use to complete some household task, such as cooking or cleaning. Home appliances can be classified into:
This division is also detectable in the service area of these kinds of products. Most Brown goods require high technical knowledge and skills, while white goods need more practical skills and "brute force" to make the devices work, and heavy tools required to repair them.
The invention of home appliances led to a decline in employment of domestic workers in the 20th century.
Stephen Jay Gould
Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, taxonomist, and historian of science.
He was also one of the most influential and widely read writers of popular science of his generation.
Gould spent most of his career teaching at Harvard University and working at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. In the latter years of his life, Gould also taught biology and evolution at New York University near his home in SoHo.
Gould's greatest contribution to science was the theory of punctuated equilibrium, which he developed with Niles Eldredge in 1972. The theory proposes that most evolution is marked by long periods of evolutionary stability, which is punctuated by rare instances of branching evolution. The theory was contrasted against the idea that evolutionary change is marked by a pattern of smooth and continuous change in the fossil record.
Most of Gould's empirical research was based on the snail genera "Poecilozonites" and "Cerion". He also contributed to evolutionary developmental biology, and has received wide praise for his book "Ontogeny and Phylogeny". In evolutionary theory he opposed strict selectionism, sociobiology as applied to humans, and evolutionary psychology. He campaigned against creationism.
Many of Gould's "Natural History" essays were reprinted in collected volumes.
Rich Peverley
Rich Peverley (born July 8, 1982 in Guelph, Ontario) is a former Canadian ice hockey center.
Peverley played hockey in the ECHL for 2 seasons with the South Carolina Stingrays and Reading Royals. He has formerly played for the Nashville Predators for 3 seasons, the Atlanta Thrashers for 3 seasons and the Boston Bruins for 3 seasons. He won the Stanley Cup with the Bruins on June 15, 2011 when the Bruins defeated the Vancouver Canucks in game 7 by a score of 4-0.
On March 10, 2014, during a game against the Columbus Blue Jackets, he collapsed on the team bench. He has had heart conditions in the past and missed a few games the week earlier when he didn't feel well after a game. He is in stable condition. The NHL released a state on Peverley's health saying: "Dallas player Rich Peverley is doing well and is in stable condition. He was transported to the hospital." As a result of the emotional state of the players on both teams caused by the medical emergency, the game was rescheduled to April 9.
Bengali Wikipedia
Nathan Horton (born May 29, 1985 in Welland, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger that currently plays for the Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League (NHL).
Horton played hockey in the OHL for 2 seasons with the Oshawa Generals. He has formerly played for the Florida Panthers for 3 seasons and the Boston Bruins for 3 seasons. During his time with the Bruins, Horton won the Stanley Cup with them on June 15, 2011 when the Bruins defeated the Vancouver Canucks in game 7 by a score of 4-0. On July 5, 2013, Horton agreed to terms on a seven-year contract with the Columbus Blue Jackets.
He is married to Canadian model Tammy Plante who is the great-niece of legendary NHL goaltender, Jacques Plante.
Psocoptera
Psocoptera are an order of winged insects that are commonly known as booklice, barklice or barkflies. They first appeared in the Permian period, 295–248 million years ago. They are often regarded as the most primitive of the hemipterans. Their name originates from the Greek word "psokos" meaning gnawed or rubbed and "ptera" meaning wings. There are more than 5,500 species in 41 families in three suborders. Many of these species have only been described in recent years.
They range in size from 1–10 millimeters (0.04–0.4 in) in length.
Thrips are an order of insects, the Thysanoptera. They are tiny, slender insects with fringed wings.
Other common names for them are thunderflies, thunderbugs, storm flies, thunderblights, and corn lice. The scientific name for the order Thysanoptera comes from the Greek "thysanos" (fringe) and "pteron" (wing).
Thrips feed on a large variety of plants and animals by puncturing them and sucking up the contents. Thrips species are pests if they feed on plants with commercial value.
Thrips found in the British Isles are tiny insects, just 1-2mm long, but in other parts of the world they can be up to 14 mm. They have two pairs of narrow, fringed wings, although some are wingless. More than 6,000 species of thrips are known around the world, with over 300 of these in Europe and about 150 native to Britain.
Cymbopogon
Cymbopogon (lemongrass) is a tall perennial plant. Usual names include lemon grass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, citronella grass, and others.
Lemongrass is native to the Philippines. It is a herb. It has a citrus taste and can be dried and powdered, or used fresh.
Lemongrass is used as a flavouring in teas, soups, and curries. It is also used for poultry, fish, beef, and seafood. "Cymbopogon citratus" is used as a tea in African countries such as Togo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Latin American countries such as Mexico.
These species are used for the production of citronella oil, which is used in soaps, as an insect repellent (especially mosquitoes) in insect sprays and candles, and in aromatherapy. The principal chemical constituents of citronella, geraniol and citronellol, are antiseptics, hence their use in household disinfectants and soaps.
Judith Rich Harris
Judith Rich Harris (February 10, 1938 – December 29, 2018) researched psychology. She was an independent researcher, and not a university professor. Her most famous book is "The Nurture Assumption". The book asks "Why [do] children turn out the way they do"? Its answer is that "Parents matter less than you think and peers matter more".
Harris graduated from Tucson High School and attended the University of Arizona and Brandeis University, from where she graduated magna cum laude in 1959. In 1961 she received a master's degree in psychology from Harvard University.
Harris's most famous work is "The Nurture Assumption". It was published in 1998. A revised version was published in 2009. Children often act like their parents act. Some psychologists thought this was because of the way that parents raised their children. Harris argues that (some or all of) this similarity is due to genetics. Otherwise, parents are not the most important factor in child development. This book argues that peers are more important. Harris argues that children are socialized by peers.
Harris also wrote "No Two Alike: Human Nature and Human Individuality". It was published in February 2006. Harris attempts to explain why people are so different in personality, even identical twins who grow up in the same home.
George A. Miller was chair of the Department of Psychology which formally dismissed Harris from the PhD program at Harvard, 1960, on the grounds that her 'originality and independence' did not live up to Harvard's standards.
Later, in 1994, she developed a theory of child development, which focussed on the peer group rather than the family. This formed the basis for a 1995 article in the "Psychological Review" for which she received the American Psychological Association's George A. Miller Award for an Outstanding Recent Article in General Psychology.
Harris suffered from a chronic autoimmune disorder, diagnosed as a combination of lupus and multiple sclerosis. She died on December 30, 2018 at the age of 80.
She married Charles S. Harris in 1961; they have two daughters (one adopted) and four grandchildren. Harris suffered from an autoimmune disease; she died December 29, 2018.
St Columb Major
St Columb Major is a small town in Cornwall, United Kingdom. Often referred to locally as "St Columb", it is about seven miles (11 km) southwest of Wadebridge and six miles (10 km) east of Newquay.
Twice a year the town plays host to the game of "hurling", a medieval game once common in Cornwall but now only played in St Columb and two other towns. It is played on Shrove Tuesday and then again on the Saturday eleven days later. The game involves two teams of several hundred people (the 'townsmen' and the 'countrymen') who attempt to carry a silver ball made of apple wood to goals set two miles (3 km) apart, making the parish the largest pitch for a ball game anywhere in the world.
Calstock
Calstock () is a parish and a large village in south east Cornwall, United Kingdom, on the River Tamar near the border with Devon. The village is south west of Tavistock and north of Plymouth.
The parish had a population of 6,095 in the 2001 census. As well as Calstock, other settlements in the parish include Albaston, Chilsworthy, Gunnislake, Harrowbarrow, Latchley and Metherell.
Calstock village is within the Tamar Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and lies on the scenic Tamar Valley railway. Mining was formerly an important industry here.
River Tamar
The River Tamar is a river in South West England, that forms most of the border between Devon (to the east) and Cornwall (to the west). The Tamar's source is less than 6 km (4 miles) from the north Cornish coast, but it flows southward. At its mouth, the Tamar flows into the Hamoaze (a wide estuary) before entering Plymouth Sound. Tributaries of the river include the rivers Inny, Ottery, Kensey and Lynher (or "St Germans River") on the Cornish side, and the Deer and Tavy on the Devon side.
King Athelstan of England made the east bank of the River Tamar the boundary between England and Cornwall in the year 936. There are no road bridges over the lower Tamar apart from the modern Tamar Bridge at Saltash which was built to replace the ferry. In 1859 the Royal Albert Bridge was built across the Tamar at Saltash to carry the main railway line into Cornwall. Both bridges connect Saltash with Plymouth.
The Tamar Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty covers around 195 km² (75 square miles) around the lower Tamar (below Launceston) and its tributaries the Tavy and the Lynher. It was first proposed in 1963, but was not designated until 1995.
Corinthian order
The corinthian order is one of the three main classical orders ("styles") of ancient Greek and Roman architecture. The other two are the Doric order and Ionic order.
The Corinthian is the most decorative of the three orders. It has thin columns that have grooves running vertically up the sides. The most important difference with the other orders is the big capital ("top part of the column"), which is decorated with leaves and scrolls.
The oldest known example of a Corinthian column is in the Temple of Apollo Epicurius at Bassae in Arcadia, "ca" 450–420 BC. This column stands inside the temple and does not form part of the wall. The oldest use of the Corinthian order on the outside of a structure is the round Choragic Monument of Lysicrates in Athens. It was put in place around 334 BC.
Wellington Monument, Dublin
Dhe Wellington Monument is an obelisk in the Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland. It is also called "Wellington Testimonial" because it was built while Wellington was still alive.
The monument is in the southeast of the Park. It is near Kilmainham and the River Liffey. The obelisk is tall. It is the largest obelisk in Europe.
The monument was built to celebrate the victories of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington. He was born in Dublin.
It was designed by the architect Sir Robert Smirke. Building was started in 1817. In 1820 they ran out of money. It was not finished until 1861 when it was opened to the public. There were also plans for a statue of Wellesley on a horse in front of it. This was never built.
There are four bronze plaques on the bottom part of the monument. Three have pictures about Wellington's career, the fourth has text. The pictures are 'Civil and Religious Liberty' by John Hogan, 'Waterloo' by Thomas Farrell and the 'Indian Wars' by Joseph Robinson Kirk. The text reads:
Ashtown Castle
Ashtown Castle is a towerhouse in the Phoenix Park in Dublin. It is now part of the Phoenix Park Visitor Centre.
It is not clear when the castle was first built. It might date back as far as 1430. The roof dates from the 17th century.
After the building was made bigger and improved, it was used as the house for the Under Secretary of Ireland from 1782. In 1922, it became the house for the first United States ambassador to Ireland. After the ambassador moved to the Chief Secretary's Lodge, the Papal nuncio used the building until 1978 when he moved.
In 1978, the building was in bad shape. It could not be repaired. When they started to break down the building, they found the towerhouse inside the bigger building. It was restored to its old form.
The Aviator is a 2004 American biographical epic drama movie directed by Martin Scorsese. It stars Leonardo DiCaprio as Howard Hughes. It was nominated for 11 Academy Awards, and won five, including Best Supporting Actress for Cate Blanchett, who plays Katharine Hepburn. Kate Beckinsale plays Ava Gardner. The movie also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film.
It is about the live of Howard Hughes, his flights and his live as film producer. It ends with his Vision of all plane
Mâcon
Mâcon is a "commune" in the Saône-et-Loire department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in east-central France. It is the "préfecture" (capital) of the department.
Even if Mâcon is the capital of the department, it is only the second largest city in population after Chalon-sur-Saône.
The Celts from the Aedui (people that lived between the Saône and Loire rivers) had an oppidum and a river port in the present place of Mâcon. This settlement was called Matisco by Julius Caesar.
Mâcon is the southernmost capital city in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It is at north of Lyon and from Paris.
The city lies on the western (left) side of the Saône river, on the border with the Ain department.
Since 1972, the "commune" of Mâcon is divided in two parts: the southern part, including the old city, and the northern part. Both parts are surrounded by the "communes":
The Köppen climate classification type for the climate at Charnay-lès-Mâcon, less than to the west of Mâcon and where is the local airport, is an "Oceanic climate" (also known as Maritime Temperate climate) and of the subtype "Cfb".
The average temperature for the year in Charnay-lès-Mâcon is . The warmest month, on average, is July with an average temperature of . The coolest month, on average is January, with an average temperature of .
The inhabitants of Mâcon are known, in French, as "Mâconnais" (women: "Mâconnaises ").
With a population of 33,456, Mâcon has a population density of inhabitants/km.
Evolution of the population in Mâcon
Mâcon is a prefecture of the Saône-et-Loire department since 1800. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Mâcon and the administrative centre () of two cantons:
It is part of the intercommunality "Mâconnais Beaujolais Agglomération" ().
Mâcon is twinned with:
Communes of the Saône-et-Loire department
The following is a list of the 573 communes of the Saône-et-Loire "département", in France.
Communes of the Haute-Saône department
The following is a list of the 545 communes of the Haute-Saône "département", in east France.
Communes of the Rhône department
The following is a list of the 293 communes of the Rhône "département", in France.
Chief Secretary for Ireland
The Chief Secretary for Ireland was the British Cabinet minister with responsibility for Irish affairs. It was the second most important politician in Ireland, after the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. From the late 18th century and early 19th century onwards the Chief Secretary would also sit in the British cabinet. Because of this, he was better connected and became more powerful that the Lord Lieutenant. From 1922, the Irish were no longer ruled by the British king, and the political office disappeared.
They used to live in the Chief Secretary's Lodge in the Phoenix Park.
St Mawes is a small town opposite Falmouth, on the Roseland Peninsula on the south coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom. It lies on the east bank of the Carrick Roads into which the River Fal flows. The town is in the civil parish of St Just in Roseland. It was once a busy fishing port, but the trade declined during the 20th century.
The town of St Mawes is a popular tourist location. There is a ferry service to Falmouth, which is less than a mile away by boat, but about 30 miles away by road. The town takes its name from the Celtic saint Maudez (Mawe), who may have come from Ireland.
St Mawes Castle is a well-preserved coastal fortress from the time of Henry VIII, built to resist invasion from Europe.
Roseland Peninsula
The Roseland Peninsula, or just Roseland, is a district of west Cornwall in the United Kingdom. Roseland is in the south of the county and contains the town of St Mawes and villages such as St Just in Roseland and Gerrans. It is a peninsula, separated from the rest of Cornwall by the River Fal (on the east is the English Channel).
There is some disagreement about where the peninsula begins and some include the village of Tregony in Roseland and others do not.
Bourbon whiskey
Bourbon is a whiskey that is distilled from grain mash containing at least 51% corn and aged a minimum of two years. It gets its name from Bourbon, Kentucky where most bourbon is produced. Many bourbons are made using a method called "sour mash" where fermentation of each new batch contains a little of the batch before to achieve a consistent quality.
Drinks made from bourbon include Lynchburg Lemonade, Manhattan, and Old Fashioned.
Scotch whisky
Whisky made in Scotland is known as Scotch whisky, or simply as "Scotch" (especially in North America).
It means the whisky is distilled in Scotland. It is usually a blend of malt and grain whiskies, and aged in barrels ('casks') for at least three years (four years for exports).
Single malt scotch is made only from malted barley and no other grain, sugar, or fermentable material. They are made at the same distillery and not blended with any other scotch. Most single malt scotches are aged an average of 8 to 12 years.
Annecy is a commune. It is the prefecture of the Haute-Savoie department.
It is on the northern tip of Lake Annecy. It is 35 kilometres south of Geneva.
It is often known as « la Venise des Alpes » or « the Venice of the Alps ».
Annecy has hosted the "Annecy International Animated Film Festival" since 1960.
Annecy bid to host the 2018 Winter Olympic Games but lost to Pyeongchang.
On 1 January 2017, the former communes of Annecy-le-Vieux, Cran-Gevrier, Meythet, Pringy and Seynod were merged into the commune of Annecy.
Annecy is a twin town with:
Chambéry
Chambéry is a commune, the prefecture of the Savoie department.
Chambéry is twinned with:
Communes of the Haute-Savoie department
The following is a list of the 294 communes of the Haute-Savoie "département", in France.
Communes of the Savoie department
The following is a list of the 305 communes of the Savoie "département", in France.
The Change-Up is a 2011 American comedy movie produced by David Dobkin, Neal H. Moritz, David Furnish and Gary Barber and directed by David Dobkin. "The Change-Up" was released on August 5, 2011 in North America.
Aaron Rome
Aaron Rome (born September 27, 1983 in Nesbitt, Manitoba) is a Canadian ice hockey defenseman. He currently plays for the Dallas Stars of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played in the WHL for a combined 8 seasons with the Saskatoon Blades, Kootenay Ice, Swift Current Broncos and the Moose Jaw Warriors. He formerly played in the NHL for the Columbus Blue Jackets, Anaheim Ducks and the Vancouver Canucks. He was on the Anaheim Ducks when they won the Stanley Cup in 2007 but he did not qualify to have his name engraved on the cup. He did however get a Stanley Cup ring and a day to spend with the cup in the off-season.
On June 6, 2011, Rome was given a four-game suspension because of a late hit that he did on Boston's Nathan Horton during game three of the 2011 Stanley Cup finals. The hit gave Horton a concussion and he was sent to the hospital.
Ben Smith (born July 11, 1988) is an American professional ice hockey right winger. He currently plays for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Chicago Blackhawks.
He has also played ice hockey in college at Boston College with the Eagles. He made his NHL debut with the Blackhawks on October 29, 2010 against the Edmonton Oilers. He scored 2 goals on April 15, 2011 against the Vancouver Canucks in his second NHL playoff game.
On April 24, 2011, Smith scored the overtime goal on a rebound by Niklas Hjalmarsson against the Vancouver Canucks' goaltender, Roberto Luongo, to force a Game 7 in Vancouver. On June 24, 2013, He won the Stanley Cup with the Blackhawks after they defeated the Boston Bruins 4 games to 2 in the 2013 Stanley Cup Finals.
On March 2, 2015, the Blackhawks traded Smith to the San Jose Sharks in exchange for Andrew Desjardins.
Topoisomerase
A topoisomerase is one of a group of enzymes that unwind and wind DNA in order to help the creation of DNA structures.
DNA is in a helix/spiral which helps make the structure of DNA strong and stable. However, when undergoing DNA replication, the spiral needs to be untwisted, and when spirals are being untwisted knots, and breaks can happen. When studying the structure of DNA, James D. Watson and Francis Crick knew that there was need for an enzyme to overcome this problem.
Topoisomerase binds to either side of the DNA strands and allows the DNA to be untangled or unwound.
NHL 12 is an ice hockey video game developed by EA Canada and published by EA Sports. It is the twenty-first game in the NHL series. It was released on September 8, 2011 in Australasia, September 9, 2011 in Europe and on September 13, 2011 in North America. The game was featured at the 2011 Electronic Entertainment Expo.
New features in NHL 12 include: the ability to hit goalies, goalie fights, improved Be a Pro mode, more realistic hits, helmets popping off when being hit, knuckleball shots, shattered glass, and more puck movements. Players can also play the 2011 Winter Classic at Heinz Field under snowfall. A new feature called the "Action Tracker" follows the players every move in the game.
Rosenery Mello do Nascimento
Rosenery Mello do Nascimento (born 1965 - died June 4, 2011) was a Brazilian celebrity also known as ""fogueteira do Maracanâ"".
She was known for an incident at the football game between the teams of Brazil and Chile (1989) in the Maracanã Stadium, in a match valid for the World Cup qualifiers in 1990.
Soon after, she was on the cover of men's magazine Playboy.
She was born in Rio de Janeiro and died of a brain aneurysm there.
Anthony David Weiner (born September 4, 1964) is a former member of the United States House of Representatives. He represented the 9th district of the state of New York. Weiner is a member of the Democratic Party.
After graduating from college at the State University of New York-Plattsburgh in 1985, Weiner began working on the staff of Charles Schumer, who was then a Congressman from New York.
In 1991, Weiner became the youngest person to be elected to the City Council of New York City. Weiner was first elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1999.
In 2011, Weiner became involved in a scandal after his Twitter account sent a woman a picture of a man with an erection. At first, Weiner said that he had not sent the picture and that somebody must have hacked into his account. However, a few days later, he admitted that he had sent the picture and that he had been having sexual conversations with several women through Twitter.
Because of the scandal, Weiner left the House of Representatives. He quit on June 16. In August 2016, Wiener was again blamed for sending a picture of his manbulge.
Weiner married Huma Abedin in 2010. Their son was born in 2011.
Democratic Centralism
Politburo
A vanguard is a (usually small) group of people who lead a movement. It comes from two old French words, "avant" (front) and "garde" (guard). In military terms, a vanguard is a group of soldiers who scout ahead to protect an army from surprise attacks.
In the political philosophy of Leninism "vanguard" refers to the "vanguard party". This would be a small group of dedicated revolutionaries who would lead the Communist movement in Russia.
The Communist Party of Vietnam is the political party that controls Vietnam.
The Party was founded in 3 February 1930 by Ho Chi Minh as the Indochinese Communist Party. Ho led the party to power in 1945. In 1954, the country was divided into two at the Geneva Conference. After that, the party ruled only North Vietnam until 1975, when the party once again ruled over a united Vietnam.
Charly García
Carlos Alberto García Moreno (born in Buenos Aires, October 23, 1951) musician, composer and Latin American rock producer.
Keith McCready
Keith McCready (born April 9, 1957) is an American professional pool player. He was born in Elmhurst, Illinois. His nickname is Earthquake.
He spent much of the 1970s and 1980s traveling throughout the United States as a tournament competitor and hustler. McCready started competing professionally when he was 21 in his homestate of California. Although he was losing, McCready played straight through nine racks of balls in nine-ball in the finals. He didn't miss any shots. He defeated Larry Hubbart, 11-6, to win the Sacramento Open Nine-ball Tournament.
On St. Patrick's Day in 1984, McCready won the Clyde Childress Memorial Nine-ball Tournament at The Maverick Club in Richmond, Kentucky against many famous players.
In 1986, McCready starred as the character Grady Seasons, with Paul Newman and Tom Cruise in Martin Scorsese's Academy Award-winning film "The Color of Money",
Fowey
Fowey is a small town and cargo port at the mouth of the River Fowey in south Cornwall, United Kingdom. According to the 2001 census it had a population of 2,273.
Fowey is in the South Coast (Eastern Section) of the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. It lies at the end of the Saints' Way a long-distance footpath and has ferries across the river to Polruan (foot) and Bodinnick (vehicle). There are many historic buildings in the town, including the ruins of St Catherine's Castle, while Readymoney Cove has a local beach.
River Fowey
The River Fowey is a river in Cornwall, United Kingdom, which follows an irregular course across Bodmin Moor and enters the English Channel at Fowey.
There is a ferry between Fowey and Bodinnick. The first road crossing going upstream is in Lostwithiel. The river has seven tributaries, the largest being the River Lerryn. The part of the Fowey Valley between Doublebois and Bodmin Parkway railway station is known as the Glynn Valley (from Glynn House, Cardinham). The valley is the route of both the A38 trunk road and the railway line (built by the Cornwall Railway in 1859).
The catchment area of the River Fowey covers a total of consisting of various types of rock.
Chief Secretary's Lodge
The Chief Secretary's Lodge is a house in the Phoenix Park, Dublin, Ireland. It is also called "Deerfield House" or the "U.S. Ambassador's Residence". It is used as the home for the U.S. Ambassador to Ireland. The size of the property and the land around it is about . It also includes three cottages and a gate lodge.
The building was completed in 1776. It was built by Col. John Blaquiere, Chief Secretary for Ireland of the British government. He was also the bailiff of the Phoenix Park. It was used as the house for the Chief Secretary until 1922, when the Irish Free State was formed.
In 1927, the American government started to use the building for the embassy and as house for the ambassador to Ireland. Later the embassy was moved out. In 1952, the American government improved the house and lands around it.
Perranzabuloe
Perranzabuloe is a coastal civil parish and a hamlet in Cornwall, United Kingdom. The hamlet (containing the parish church) is just over a mile (2 km) south of the main settlement of the parish, Perranporth and seven miles (11 km) south-southwest of Newquay. The parish population was 5,382 in the 2001 census.
The name of the parish comes from the medieval Latin "Perranus in Sabulo" meaning Piran in the sand. Piran (the patron saint of Cornwall) was a Christian evangelist who founded a church in the seventh century near the coast north of Perranporth. The ruins of this church were rediscovered in the 20th century. The medieval parish church of Perranzabuloe was over a long period completely lost in sand dunes. A new church had to be built further away from the coast.
Perranporth
Perranporth is a small seaside resort on the north coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is six miles (10 km) southwest of Newquay and seven miles (11.3 km) northwest of Truro. Perranporth has a population of 3,066. and is the largest settlement in the parish of Perranzabuloe.
The village's name is Cornish for "Saint Piran's cove". It is believed that Saint Piran founded a church at Perranzabuloe near Perranporth in the seventh century. Buried under sand for many centuries, it was unearthed early in the 20th century, but again abandoned in the sands in the 1970s.
Marazion
Marazion is a town in west Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is on the shore of Mount's Bay, two miles (3 km) east of Penzance.
St Michael's Mount is half-a-mile offshore from Marazion. At low water a causeway links it to the town and at high water passenger boats carry visitors between Marazion and St Michael's Mount.
Marazion is a tourist resort with an active community of artists who produce and sell paintings and pottery in the town's many art galleries.
Marazion is one of the towns claiming to be Britain's oldest town. Marazion was recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 and is the oldest chartered town in Britain, having been granted this status by King Henry III in 1257.
Lionel Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset
Lionel Cranfield Sackville, 1st Duke of Dorset, PC (18 January 1688 - 10 October 1765) was an English politician and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
Dorset was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland twice. First from 1731 to 1737 and then again from 1751 to 1755.
Christmas Raid
The Christmas Raid or "Magazine fort raid" happened on the 23 December 1939. The Irish Republican Army (IRA) stole a lot of weapons and ammunitions ("bullets") from the Irish Army. Although the theft from the Magazine Fort building in Phoenix Park was successful, most of what was stolen was recovered by the Irish Army a few days later. Several IRA volunteers were arrested.
The reason for the raid was that the IRA had many Thompson submachine guns. They found it hard to get the .45 ACP bullets used in these guns in Europe. Because the Irish Army also used the Thompson and had large supplies of bullets, the IRA decided to steal some.
Around 2030 the gate bell rang, and the Military Police officer on guard opened the gate a little for a civilian who said he had a parcel to deliver to the officer-in-charge. The unidentified man told the MP to open the gate fully and put his hands up. At this point the IRA team appeared from both inside and outside the fort, confiscating the weapons of the sentry and MP.
The two hostages were then forced to act as human shields for the two intruders to the guardroom where the remaining soldiers were caught by surprise and gave up without a fight. The captives heard 'many' heavy lorries coming and going from the depot. At 2210 hrs the IRA locked the prisoners in the so-called 'C' Magazine area which the raiders had completely emptied.
It was 2250 by the time a party of soldiers was sent from Portobello Barracks to find out what was happening at the fort. They managed to catch two of the raiders.
A total of 1,084,000 rounds of ammunition had been taken and removed in thirteen lorries with no casualties.
Over the next three to four days a large, nationwide hunt was organised to find the stolen items.
On 1 January 1940 it was reported that almost three-quarters of the ammunition had been found, a total of 850,000 rounds;
In addition, some IRA volunteers who were caught storing the ammunition were arrested.
The raid was not good for the IRA. The massive hunt to find what was stolen turned up all and more. It caused IRA Volunteers to be arrested.
The day after the raid the Irish Minister for Justice, Gerald Boland, at an emergency meeting of the Dáil ("government") introduced the Emergency Powers bill to allow internment ("taking prisoner"), Military Tribunal, and executions for IRA members. It became the Emergency Powers Act.
Vestigial organ
Vestigial organs are organs of the body which are smaller and simpler than those in related species. They have lost, or almost lost their original feature.
Vestigiality is evidence for evolution, since they only make sense if evolution has occurred. They were one of the puzzles of pre-Darwinian natural history. The puzzle vanished once biologists realised they once were working adaptations, in the ancestors of present-day animals.
They occur in animals (and plants) which have changed their style of life from their ancestors. Thus snakes lost their legs as their system of movement changed. But one type of snake – the boas – have vestigial rear legs and pelvis. The human vermiform appendix is another example. That was much larger, and stored microbes which produced cellulase to break down plant cell walls. Leaves are the main diet of apes, but they are not a main part of man's diet. Cellulose cannot be digested by our species.
An unused organ usually degenerates, and becomes smaller or vanishes altogether. Thus amphibia living in dark caves lose their sight and their body colour. Mutations pile up. All structures need energy for their development, maintenance, and weight. This, and the risk of disease in the part (e.g., infection, cancer), provide some selection for the removal of parts which no longer help an organism's fitness.
The human appendix had selection against it because of deaths from appendicitis. Appendicitis was untreatable until modern times. The selection pressure was probably weak, because most cases occur after the age of peak fertility.
Observations on the cave-dwelling amphipod "Gammarus minus" showed active selection against their vestigial eyes. When mating, the males remain on their females for a week or so after fertilisation, guarding them against other males. The eye sizes of paired males were compared with those of unpaired males. The eye sizes of paired males were smaller than the unpaired ones. Obviously, on average, the paired males would have higher fertility than the unpaired males. The selection gradient was estimated as –0.30, which means the selection for small eyes was quite strong. The researchers supposed that the loss of sight freed more of the nervous system to process other sensory inputs.
Occasionally, selection turns vestigial organs to a new function. Thus the mammalian ear ossicles were once bones in the jaw of early proto-mammals, the Therapsida. The halteres of flies is a perfect example. The word exaptation was coined for this phenomenon.
All functions and structures develop and change because they affect the biological fitness of the organism. They make it more or less likely that individuals reproduce and contribute genes to the next generation. So, for example, an ability of a frog to survive the bite of its local venomous snake increases its fitness. But if it lives in an area where the snake does not, then it reduces its fitness. This is because it bears the "cost" of a complicated mechanism without getting any advantage in survival and reproduction. It works the other way round, too. Snakes which eat toxic prey have to use ways to survive the prey's toxins. The snake's digestion and metabolism is slower, and they move around more slowly. See rough-skinned newt and garter snake.
Everything has a cost: either it uses up energy or its structure occupies space that might be used differently.
Boscastle
Boscastle is a village and fishing port on the north coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom, and 14 miles (23 km) south of Bude and 5 miles (8 km) north-east of Tintagel.
The name of the village derives from Bottreaux Castle, a 12th-century fortress, of which little survives. There is no church in Boscastle but there are churches at Forrabury and Minster. Boscastle harbour is a natural inlet protected by two stone harbour walls built in 1584 by Sir Richard Grenville. The oldest part of Boscastle surrounds the harbour; more modern residential building extends up the valleys of the Rivers Valency and Jordan.
A flash flood on 16 August 2004, caused extensive damage to the village. Residents were trapped in houses and elsewhere as the roads turned into rivers. In the largest peacetime rescue operation ever launched in the UK, 91 people were rescued and there were no deaths.
Richard Grenville
Sir Richard Grenville (1542 – 1591) was an English sailor, sea captain and explorer. He took part in the early English attempts to settle the New World. He was in the fight against the Spanish Armada. He died in 1591 at the Battle of Flores, fighting against overwhelming odds, and refusing to surrender his ship, the "Revenge", to the far more numerous Spanish.
Sir Richard Grenville was a British naval commander.
He was born of an old Cornish family in about 1541.
His grandfather, Sir Richard, was a marshal of Calais during the time of Henry VIII.
Richard Grenville's father commanded and lost his life in the "Mary Rose" in 1545.
At an early age Richard Grenville served in Hungary under the emperor Maximilian against the Turks.
Tintagel, formerly Trevena, is a civil parish and village on the Atlantic coast of Cornwall, United Kingdom. It is about 5 miles from Boscastle and 6 miles from Camelford. The population of the parish is 1,820 people. The village and nearby Tintagel Castle are associated with the legends surrounding King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table. The village has, in recent times, become attractive to tourists from many parts of the world and is one of the most-visited places in Britain. The modern-day village of Tintagel was known as Trevena until the Post Office decided to call it 'Tintagel' in the mid 19th century (until then Tintagel had always been the name of the headland and of the parish).
In the village is the 'Old Post Office', which dates from the 14th century. It became a post office during the 19th century, and is now owned by the National Trust. There are three churches in Tintagel, the Anglican church of St Materiana on the cliffs, and Methodist and Roman Catholic churches in the village.
Scholars have found it hard to explain the origin of 'Tintagel' as a name: the most likely one to be correct is from Norman French, rather than from Cornish.
Camelford
Camelford is a small town in north Cornwall, United Kingdom, in the River Camel valley northwest of Bodmin Moor. The town is about ten miles (16 km) north of Bodmin and is governed by a town council.