AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Heartbreak Kid is a 2007 American black comedy movie directed by the Farrelly brothers. Starring Ben Stiller, it is a remake of the 1972 movie of the same name. The movie was originally titled "The Seven Day Itch", but Peter Farrelly revealed the filmmakers lost a lawsuit over the name; after attempts to find another title and suggestions of several other possible titles, the studio had them use the title The Heartbreak Kid. Also starring are Michelle Monaghan, Malin Åkerman, Jerry Stiller, Rob Corddry, Carlos Mencia, Scott Wilson and Danny McBride. The screenplay for the 2007 movie was written by Leslie Dixon, Scot Armstrong, the Farrelly brothers and Kevin Barnett.
Tadahito Iguchi
, nicknamed "Gucchi", is a Japanese former professional baseball second baseman. He is currently the manager of the Chiba Lotte Marines of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).
As a member of the Chicago White Sox in 2005, he became the first Japanese-born position player to win the World Series in 2005. Even though he was ineligible for their postseason roster he received a world series ring with the 2008 Phillies.
Over the course of his career he played for the Chicago White Sox, Philadelphia Phillies and San Diego Padres of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks and the Chiba Lotte Marines of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).
So Taguchi
So Taguchi (born July 2, 1969) is a Japanese former outfielder. After ten seasons with the Orix BlueWave of Nippon Professional Baseball, he played eight years in Major League Baseball with the St. Louis Cardinals, Philadelphia Phillies and Chicago Cubs, followed by a final two years in Japan with the Orix Buffaloes.
Taguchi is the second Japanese-born player to win a World Series after Tadahito Iguchi in 2005. Taguchi is also the first Japanese player to win two World Series with different teams – with the St. Louis Cardinals in 2006 and the Philadelphia Phillies in 2008.
What to Expect When You're Expecting (movie)
Nusret Gökçe
Nusret Gökçe (born in 1983), nicknamed Salt Bae, is a Turkish butcher, chef, and restaurateur. He owns Nusr-Et, a chain of steak houses. He became famous for his technique of preparing and seasoning meat, which is also an Internet meme.
Gökçe was born in Erzurum, Turkey. His family is Kurdish. His father worked in a mine. Due to financial constraints of his family, he had to leave school at the 6th grade. He started working as a butcher's apprentice in Kadıköy district, Istanbul.
Gökçe is also known for his charitable work. He built a school in his hometown of Erzurum. He is said to have 13 children.
Gökçe became famous from a series of viral Internet videos and memes. The videos show him "suavely" cutting meat and sprinkling salt.
His fame came from a viral video, "Ottoman Steak", posted on 7 January 2017. The video exceeded 10 million views on Instagram. He was nicknamed "Salt Bae" because of his particular way of salting meat: dropping it from his fingertips to his forearm, and then falling onto the dish. Due to the fame gained from this post, Gökçe's profile has expanded enormously. His restaurants, as well and Nusret himself, have served many celebrities and politicians.
Gökçe has visited several countries, including Argentina and the United States between 2007 and 2010. There he worked in local restaurants for free, in order to gain experience as a cook and a restaurateur. After his return to Turkey, Gökçe opened his first restaurant in Istanbul in 2010. In 2014, he opened a restaurant in Dubai.
The dishes served at Gökçe's restaurants have received mixed reviews and have been described as "overpriced". Early professional reviews in 2018 of his New York City steakhouse were generally negative. "The New York Post"s Steve Cuozzo called the restaurant "Public Rip-off No. 1". In an article on GQ, Joshua David Stein called the steak mundane and the hamburgers overcooked. However, from an entertainment standpoint, reviews were more positive.
In December 2017, he received criticism for a photo posing in front of an image of Fidel Castro, which was taken in 2016. In September 2018, Gökçe and the president of Venezuela Nicolás Maduro also received criticism for their actions at Gökçe's Istanbul restaurant. The reason was the latter's perceived insensitivity to the crisis and shortages in Venezuela.
As of 2019, Nusr-Et chain has branches in the following countries:
Ioannis Veryvakis
Ioannis Veryvakis (; 3 November 1930 – 19 June 2019) was a Greek Army officer. He rose to the rank of full General and served Chief of the Hellenic National Defence General Staff from 1990 to 1993. He was also Chief of the Hellenic Army General Staff. Veryvakis was born in Edessa. His parents were from Crete.
Veryvakis died on 19 June 2019 in Athens, at the age of 88.
Rubén Suñé
Rubén José Suñé (7 March 1947 – 20 June 2019) was an Argentine footballer. He played as a midfielder.
Suñé was born in Buenos Aires. He is best remembered as a Boca Juniors player, spending two stints at the club from 1967–1972 and 1976–1980. He won eight titles with Boca Juniors, including the Intercontinental Cup in 1977 and two Copa Libertadores in 1977 and 1978. He also played for Huracán, Unión de Santa Fe and San Lorenzo. He first played for Argentina in 1969, playing six times total for his country.
Suñé died on 20 June 2019 in Buenos Aires, at the age of 72.
Russian ruble
The Russian ruble or rouble ( "rublʹ", plural: "rubli"; sign: ₽, руб; code: RUB) is the currency of Russia. It is also used in two partially recognized countries, Abkhazia and South Ossetia. It is also used in the unrecognised republics of Donetsk and Luhansk. One ruble is subdivided into 100 "kopeks" ( "kopeyka", plural: "kopeyki").
The ruble was the currency of the Russian Empire and of the Soviet Union (as the Soviet ruble). Only three countries, Russia, Belarus and Transnistria use currencies known as ruble. The ruble was the world's first decimal currency: it was decimalised in 1704 when the ruble became equal to 100 kopeks.
In 1992 the Soviet ruble (code: SUR) was replaced with the Russian ruble (code: RUR) at the rate 1 SUR = 1 RUR. In 1998, while Russia was suffering from a second economic crisis, the Russian ruble was redenominated with the new code "RUB" and was exchanged at the rate of 1 RUB = 1,000 RUR.
Blaine, Washington
Blaine is a city in Washington in the United States (USA). It is in Whatcom County. The Peace Arch Park is located there.
Blaine is located on the International border between Canada and the USA.
The first name of Blaine was Concord. The name was changed in 1884 in honor of
James G. Blaine (1830-1893), a Republican leader.
Miguel Ángel Falasca
Miguel Ángel Falasca Fernández (29 April 1973 – 22 June 2019) was a Spanish volleyball player and head coach. He was born in Mendoza, Argentina and moved to Spain as a teenager.
Falasca played for the Spain national team between 1993 and 2009. He played at club level for many teams, including Las Palmas, Pòrtol, Skra Bełchatów and Ural Ufa. He represented Spain at the 2000 Summer Olympics and won the European Volleyball Championship in 2007. He also was a three-time medallist of the European Volleyball League (gold in 2007, silver in 2009, bronze in 2005).
After retiring from playing, Falasca coached Skra Bełchatów, the Czech Republic national volleyball team, Gi Group Monza and Saugella Monza.
Falasca, while coach of Italian team Saugella Monza, died of a heart attack on 22 June 2019. He was 46.
Chernobyl (miniseries)
Chernobyl is a historical drama television miniseries, produced by HBO and Sky Uk. The series was written by Craig Mazin and directed by Johan Renck. The series narrates Chernobyl nuclear disaster of April 1986 and the cleanup efforts that followed. It features an cast led by Jared Harris, Stellan Skarsgård, Emily Watson, and Paul Ritter. The series premiered in the United States and the United Kingdom on May 6–7, 2019. It received mostly positive reviews.
"Chernobyl" dramatizes the story of the nuclear plant disaster which occurred in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Soviet Union), showing the stories of the people who caused the disaster and those who responded to it. The series depicts some of the least known stories of the disaster, including the efforts of the firefighters who were the first responders on the scene, volunteers, and teams of miners tasked with digging a critical tunnel.
The miniseries is based in large part on the memories of Pripyat locals, as told by Belarusian Nobel laureate Svetlana Alexievich in her book "Voices from Chernobyl".
Writer Craig Mazin began researching for the project in 2014, by reading books and government reports from inside and outside of the Soviet Union. Mazin also interviewed nuclear scientists to learn how a reactor works, and former Soviet citizens to gain a better idea of the culture in 1986. Furthermore, Mazin read several first-person accounts in order to bring additional authenticity to the story. He explained, "When you're reading the personal stories of people who were there — people who lived near the plant, people who worked at the plant, people who were sent to Chernobyl as part of the effort to clean it up — in those individual accounts, that's really where the story came alive".
In preparation for the miniseries, Mazin visited the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Mazin also did not cast any American actors, as that could potentially pull the audience out of the story.
On July 26, 2017, it was announced that HBO and Sky will produce a series named "Chernobyl". It was HBO's first co-production with Sky UK. The five-episode miniseries was written by Craig Mazin and directed by Johan Renck. Mazin was the executive producer together with Carolyn Strauss and Jane Featherstone. Chris Fry and Renck acted as co-executive producers. On March 11, 2019, it was announced that the miniseries would premiere on May 6, 2019. On June 4, 2019, Craig Mazin made the original scripts of all episodes available for downloading in PDF format (see External links below).
Simultaneously with the initial series announcement, it was confirmed that Jared Harris would star in the series. On March 19, 2018, it was announced that Stellan Skarsgård and Emily Watson had joined the main cast. In May 2018, it was announced that Paul Ritter, Jessie Buckley, Adrian Rawlins, and Con O'Neill also joined the cast.
Principal photography began in April 2018 in Lithuania. Initial filming started on May 13, 2018. The majority of the filmings took place in Fabijoniškės, a residential district in Vilnius, the capital of Lithuania. Fabijoniskes has maintained an authentic Soviet atmosphere. Accordingly, it was used to portray the Ukrainian city of Pripyat. An area of densely built panel housing apartments served as a location for the evacuation scenes. Director Johan Renck heavily criticised the amount of diverse and eye-catching modern windows in the houses, but was not concerned about removing them in post-production. At the end of March, production moved to Visaginas, Lithuania, to shoot the exterior and interior of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant, a decommissioned nuclear power station, also known as "Chernobyl's sister" due to its visual resemblance and the nuclear reactor design used at both Chernobyl and Ignalina (RBMK nuclear power reactor). In early June 2018, production moved to Ukraine to shoot minor final scenes. The filming of "Chernobyl" took 16 weeks.
Josl Rieder
Josef "Josl" Rieder (3 December 1932 – 15 June 2019) was an Austrian alpine skier. He competed at the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo. At the event, he was disqualified in the downhill event and the slalom. He won three medals (one gold and two silvers) at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships in 1958. He lit the Olympic flame at the 1964 Winter Olympics in Innsbruck.
Rieder was born in Lermoos, Tyrol. He died on 15 June 2019, at the age of 86.
Roary the Racing Car
Roary the Racing Car is a British stop-motion children's television series produced by Cosgrove Hall Films, Chapman Entertainment and HiT Entertainment. It follows the adventures of Roary and his racing car friends at Silver Hatch race track.
Bubba Green
Anthony Wayne "Bubba" Green (September 30, 1957 – June 21, 2019) was an American football player. He played as a defensive lineman. He played one season for the Baltimore Colts in the National Football League (NFL) in 1981. After playing 15 games for the Colts, he injured his knee and never played another NFL game. Green was born in Cape May, New Jersey and grew up in Woodbine.
Green died of cancer on June 21, 2019 in Randallstown, Maryland. He was 62.
Multiple system atrophy
Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder which causes autonomic dysfunction, tremors, slow movement, muscle rigidity, and postural instability due to dysfunction of the basal ganglia, and ataxia.
This is caused by progressive degeneration of neurons in several parts of the brain including the basal ganglia, inferior olivary nucleus, and cerebellum.
The symptoms are closely related to Parkinson's disease.
Reol
In late 2012, Reol began uploading original songs and cover songs to video sharing sites Nico Nico Douga and YouTube. On August 17, 2014 Reol co-released the compilation album titled "No Title+" with music arranger GigaP, video director Okiku, and art producer Key, under the group name "Anyosupenyosuyaya". The album contains vocals by Vocaloid virtual singers such as Hatsune Miku, GUMI and Megurine Luka, the album was released through Japanese label Celo Project. Reol has since released a version with her own vocals, titled "No Title-".
On July 29, 2015 Reol independently released her first studio album titled "Gokusaishiki", which reached the top ten on the Oricon Albums Chart. Later that year Reol, along with GigaP & Okiku, signed to Toy's Factory under the unit name REOL. On August 18, REOL made their first public appearance in the music video for their single "Give Me a Break Stop Now". They released their debut studio album titled 'Sigma' on October 19, 2016, which reached number 8 on the Oricon weekly Albums Chart.
On October 11, 2017, REOL released the "Endless EP" prior to their announced disbandment. The EP features their 2014 single "LUVORATORRRRRY!" featuring utaite rapper nqrse. The music video for the song has amassed over 43 million views on YouTube, making it the unit's most commercially successful release.
In January 2018, Reol signed to Victor Entertainment. On March 5 she released a music video for the song titled "エンド" as the single for her solo debut EP. Reol released her first EP titled "Kyokoushu" on March 14.
Reol released the singles "Saisaki" and "Sairen" in July and August respectively before the announcement of her first studio album "Jijitsujo" (事実上). "Jijitsujo" was released on October 17, and a music video for the third single "Gekihaku" was released on December 19.
RΞOL
Anyosupenyosuyaya
Leevi Lehto
Leevi Lehto (23 February 1951 – 22 June 2019) was a Finnish poet, translator, and programmer. His best known work was theFinnish translation of "Ulysses" by James Joyce.
He translated the works of Louis Althusser, Gilles Deleuze, George Orwell, Stephen King, Ian McEwan, Josef Skvorecky, Walter Benjamin, John Keats, John Ashbery, Mickey Spillane and Charles Bernstein.
Lehto died of multiple system atrophy in Helsinki on 22 June 2019, aged 68.
Mickey Spillane
Frank Morrison Spillane (; March 9, 1918July 17, 2006), better known as Mickey Spillane, was an American crime novelist and actor. He was best known for his Mike Hammer novels. More than 225 million copies of his books have sold internationally. He was born in New York City.
Spillane died on July 17, 2006 in Murrells Inlet, South Carolina of pancreatic cancer, aged 88.
Murrells Inlet is an unincorporated area and census-designated place between Horry and Georgetown Counties in South Carolina, United States. The population was 7,547 at the 2010 census.
It is most known for the Murrells Inlet Marshwalk, a boardwalk overlooking a salt marsh and which houses many restaurants.
Charles Bernstein (born April 4, 1950) is an American poet, essayist, editor, and literary scholar. Bernstein is the Donald T. Regan Chair in the Department of English at the University of Pennsylvania.
He is one of the most known members of the Language poets (or L=A=N=G=U=A=G=E poets).
In 2006 he was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Bernstein's selected poetry from the past thirty years, "All the Whiskey in Heaven", was published in 2010.
Climate of Uttar Pradesh
The climate of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.) is varying within Uttar Pradesh, a state of India. The dominating climate type is "humid subtropical with dry winter" (CWa) with parts of Western U.P having a semiarid climate (BS). Alternatively, some authors refer to it as "tropical monsoon climate". Some regional variations exist, however the uniformity of the vast Indo-Gangetic Plain, gives to the state a mostly single climatic pattern with minor regional variations. The temperature varies within the year. The extreme low and high temperatures are usually from 0 °C to 50 °C in several parts. During the monsoon season, floods often take place, due to heavy rain. The summers are extremely hot, the winters are cold and the rainy season can be either very wet or very dry.
Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) defines the climate of India into the following seasons:
This classification is primarily centered on Monsoons, which are very significant for the local population and agriculture of India.
The climate of Uttar Pradesh is generally defined to be "tropical monsoon climate". However based on the Köppen climate classification, it can be classified mostly as "Humid Subtropical with dry winter (CWa) type" with parts of Western Uttar Pradesh falling in the semi-arid category.
Based on IMD classification, Uttar Pradesh has the following three predominant seasons:
Retreating Monsoon season, although existent, has a very negligible effect in Uttar Pradesh and only occasional mild showers are experienced in winter. Some of these showers aren't caused by post-monsoon rainfall but due to western disturbances.
The primary temperature, rainfall and wind features of the three Distinct Seasons of Uttar Pradesh can be summarised as below:
Because there are significant climatic differences, Uttar Pradesh has been divided into two meteorological sub-divisions – U.P. East and U.P. West.
The state of Uttar Pradesh is in the heart of Indo-Gangetic Plain with River Ganges passing through Uttar Pradesh.
The extreme temperatures vary from 0 to 46 °C. High temperatures, approximating 50 °C have been recorded in Gonda district. A such wide range of temperature fluctuations in most parts of the state can lead to either cold or heat waves, both resulting in substantial loss of lifes and economy.
In 2007, Banda district recorded daily temperatures close to 45.5 °C for several days. At least 62 people died during the heat wave that year. In June 2009, another 30 people during a heat wave in Uttar Pradesh. Highest temperatures reached 49 °C in Bundelkhand district of northern Uttar Pradesh. In June 2010, Jhansi recorded the highest temperature of 46.7 °C, the hottest for U.P. for that year.
In recent years, winters at the end of 2007 and beginning of 2008 caused an increase of cold-wave related deaths in U.P. with temperatures dipping to 2.8 °C in the city of Meerut. Simultaneously it also led to a loss of crops and agricultural produce. Similarly, in 2009, the temperature dropped up to 2.9 °C in Meerut, causing deaths. On late 2010 and early 2011, this winter also caused cold-wave related deaths. This time, Churk town in Sonabhadra district recorded the lowest temperature, at 1.4 °C. On 13 January 2013, Kanpur recorded its all-time low temperature when the temperature reached −1.1℃. In Agra, the temperature reached−0.7℃.
Uttar Pradesh has a uniform rain pattern. Snowfall doesn't occur but hailstorms are common for Uttar Pradesh. The type of rainfall that Uttar Pradesh receives is orographic, cyclonic and convectional.
Primarily a summer phenomenon, the Bay of Bengal branch of the Indian Monsoon brings the most monsoonal rainfall in Uttar Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh is affected primarily from the southwest monsoon. "Western disturbances" and North-East Monsoon also contribute small quantities towards the overall rainfall of the state. The rain in Uttar Pradesh can vary from an annual average of 1.700 mm in hilly areas to 840 mm in Uttar Pradesh. As a direct result of the monsoonal rainfall, excess rain can lead to floods and shortage to droughts. As such, these two phenomenons of floods and droughts are common in the state.
Floods are a known hazard of U.P. due to overflowing of its main rivers like Ganga, Yamuna, Ramganga, Gomti, Sharda, Ghaghra, Rapti and Gandak. The estimated annual losses due to floods in U.P. reach . Major flood management efforts have been tried to mitigate the risk. Most of these floods occur due to the Monsoon rains and overflowing of rivers during the rainy periods. Year 2010 witnessed one such year of flooding in U.P.
Shortage of rain during the highly variable Monsoon season can cause droughts in U.P. leading to several deaths and loss of property. The recent 2002 and 2004 drought-related financial estimates report financial losses of and respectively. The recurrence of a major deficiency in annual rainfall follows a 6–8 years cycle in Eastern U.P. whereas in Western U.P., follows a 10 year cycle.
In summers, hot winds called "loo" blow all across U.P. They are carrying dust and cause significant damage. In winters, dry and rainless winds blow across the state. Fog may also form in parts of U.P.
Toy Story (franchise)
Toy Story is a computer animated comedy-fantasy film series and Disney media franchise that started in 1995 with the animated film of the same name. The movies are produced from Pixar Animation Studios and the distributor is Walt Disney Pictures. The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys, unknown to humans, are secretly alive, and the films focus on a diverse group of toys, most notably a cowboy doll named Sheriff Woody and a modern spaceman action figure named Buzz Lightyear, principally voiced by Tom Hanks and Tim Allen, respectively. The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them.
The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter. The third movie was directed by Lee Unkrich. Unkrich co-directed the second film, together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon. The fourth movie was directed by Josh Cooley. The first three films, produced on a total budget of $320 million, have grossed more than $1.9 billion worldwide. Each film set box office records, with the third included in the top 50 of all-time worldwide films. All four films have received generally positive reviews.
The franchise consists of four animated films: "Toy Story" (1995), "Toy Story 2" (1999), "Toy Story 3" (2010), and "Toy Story 4" (2019). and one spin-off "Lightyear" (2022). "Toy Story" was one of the first films to be made entirely using computer-generated imagery. The films were produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures.
In Rotten Tomatoes, all 4 movies have received very positive reviews. The first and second films score 100%, while the third and fourth score 98%. The third film in the series is the fourth highest-grossing animated film and the 28th highest-grossing film of all time. It also became the third animated film in history to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture, after "Beauty and the Beast" and "Up". as a trilogy of fan-film remake series in Live Action Toy Story trilogy, "Live Action Toy Story" (2013), "Live Action Toy Story 2" (2015, 2021), "Live Action Toy Story 3" (2020). also as a television series include, "Buzz Lightyear of Star Command", "Toy Story Toons", "Forky Asks a Question".
Prague Spring
The liberalisation and democratisation efforts of Alexander Dubchek and Czechoslovakia's Communist Party, known as Prague Spring, took place in 1968. As the Soviet Union thought that Czechoslovakia was moving away of communism, an alliance of Warsaw Pact countries (Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Poland, and Hungary) invaded Czechoslovakia on August 20-21, 1968. Immediately after the invasion, a series of protests took place in Czechoslovakia.
Prague Spring symbolizes the experiment of establishing of a socialism with a human face, in post-war Eastern Bloc and its violent suppression from Warsaw Pact countries in August 21, 1968. The event is included in a greater series of Cold War-related unrests. Some examples are May 1968 in France, the student protests against Vietnam War and the military junta in Greece (1967-1974).
After the invasion, the most reforms who took place during Prague Spring were reversed or halted. This period after Prague Spring is known as normalization. The only exception was the federalisation of Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovakia became officially a federal country on January 1, 1969.
TV tuner card
A TV tuner card is a kind of television tuner that allows television signals to be received by a computer. Most TV tuners also function as video capture cards, allowing them to record television programs onto a hard disk much like the digital video recorder (DVR) does.
A DVB-S2 tuner card
D-Link external TV tuner
The interfaces for TV tuner cards are most commonly either PCI bus expansion card or the newer PCI Express (PCIe) bus for many modern cards, but PCMCIA, ExpressCard, or USB devices also exist. In addition, some video cards double as TV tuners, notably the ATI All-In-Wonder series. The card contains a tuner and an analog-to-digital converter(collectively known as the analog front end) along with demodulation and interface logic. Some lower-end cards lack an onboard processor and, like a Winmodem, rely on the system's CPU for demodulation.
Milan Asadurov
Milan Asadurov (; 29 December 1949 – 7 June 2019) was a Bulgarian author, publisher and translator. He wrote short stories and scripts for television and radio, starting in 1968. He founded the popular science fiction publishers' series Galaxy in 1978, which published more than 100 books. Galaxy published notable authors including Isaac Asimov, Raymond Chandler, Ray Bradbury, the Strugatsky brothers, Ursula K. Le Guin, Yordan Radichkov, William Faulkner and H. G. Wells. Some of the books published by Galaxy were the first translations in Bulgarian. He also wrote on the history of lighthouses on Bulgaria's Black Sea shoreline. He served as editor-in-chief of "Maritime" magazine.
Asadurov was born in Varna. He died on 7 June 2019, at the age of 69.
Bombay Hindi
Mumbai Hindi, also known as Mumbaiya Hindi, Bambaiyya, Mumbaiyya or Mumbai Hindi-Urdu, is a variety of Hindi-Urdu, spoken in Mumbai (formerly Bombay), India. The words and pronunciations of Bombay Hindi are derived mainly from Hindi and Urdu, collectively known as Hindi-Urdu or Hindustani. In addition, the predominant substratum influence on Bombay is Marathi. Marathi is the official and majority language of Maharashtra. Bombay Hindi also incorporates words from Gujarati and Konkani.
Unlike the most local dialects which are used primarily in the metropolitan centres, Bombay Hindi is widely known throughout India, as a result of its frequent use in Bollywood movies. Initially, this dialect was used to represent crooks and uncouth characters. According to Shoma A. Chatterji, "Indian films have the unique quality of different characters speaking different varieties of Hindi according to their social status, their caste, communal identity, education, profession, financial status, etc. [...] The villain's goons, speak in a special vulgarised, Bambaiya Hindi concocted specifically to typify such screen characters in Hindi cinema.". A particular genre of movies, named Munnabhai, in which the lead characters - being members of the Mumbai criminal underworld - speak entirely in this dialect, helped to spread the dialect.
Despite this increase in popularity, there are people who criticize the use of this dialect. Sometimes, Mumbaiya are seen as being disrespectful and demeaning.
Some neologisms which originated in Bambaiya Hindi have spread throughout India. Some examples are the words bindaas (a compound word, constituted from the Marathi words Bin and Dhast = Without Fear. Bindaas means 'relaxed' and this word was incorporated into the Oxford English Dictionary in 2005) and Gandhigiri (invented in the movie "Lage Raho Munna Bhai", a portmanteau of Gandhi and "-giri", which is similar to the English 'ism' (as in Gandhi-ism), though slightly more informal).
Thanks to Bollywood, some Marathi words, such as Thaska, Wakda, Porgi, Navri, Navrai, Kombdi, and Mulga/Mulgi, have been incorporated in Hindi vocabulary. Many Hindi songs have some Marathi words added.
Bengali–Assamese script
The Bengali–Assamese script (also "Eastern Nagari script") is the fifth most widely used writing system in the world. It is the basis of the Bengali, Assamese alphabet and Tirhuta (a mix of Devanagari and Eastern Nagari). It is also used to write Bishnupriya Manipuri, Kokborok (Tripuri) and Meithei (Manipuri). Other languages, such as Angika, Bodo, Karbi, Maithili and Mising, were formerly written in Bengali–Assamese script. Modern Sylheti uses the alphabet, alongside Sylheti Nagari. It was originally used to write Sanskrit. Today, in Eastern India, the use of Eastern Nagari for Sanskrit continues.
The Bengali—Asamese script wasn't created to write a certain language, but it was the main script in the eastern regions of Medieval India. The script was also used to write Sanskrit. In this region, Hindu epics (Mahabharata, Ramayana etc.) were written in older versions of the Eastern Nagari script in this region. After the medieval period, Pali succeeded Sanskrit as the new written language in the region. The vernacular dialects of Pali eventually evolved into Bengali, Assamese and other related languages. Sankardev used the script in the 15th and 16th centuries to compose his writings in Assamese. Madhava Kandali used it to write the Assamese Ramayana in the 14th century. It was also used by the later Ahom kings to write the Buranjis, the Ahom chronicles, in the Assamese language. There is a rich legacy of Eastern Indian literature written in this script, which is still occasionally used to write Sanskrit today.
Like Devanagari, Eastern Nagari also uses dozens of consonant clusters. They are represented by different and sometimes quite irregular characters. Thus, learning to read the script is complicated by the large size of the full set of characters and character combinations, numbering about 500. While efforts at standardizing the script for the Bengali language continue in such notable centers as the Bangla Academy in Dhaka (Bangladesh) and Paschimbanga Bangla Akademi in Kolkata (West Bengal, India), there isn't a uniform spelling for Bengali, as many people continue to use various archaic forms of letters. Among the various regional variations within this script, only the Bengali and Assamese variations exist today in the formalized system.
It seems that the need to typeset Eastern Nagari on computers will influence greatly its standardization. Since around 2001, there is work to develop Unicode fonts, and it seems likely that it will split into two variants, traditional and modern.
In this and other articles on Wikipedia dealing with the Assamese and Bengali languages, a Romanization scheme used by linguists specializing in Assamese and Bengali phonology is included along with IPA transcription.
The script presently has 11 vowel letters, used to represent the seven vowel sounds of Bengali and eight vowel sounds of Assamese, along with a number of vowel diphthongs. All of these vowel letters are used in both Assamese and Bengali. Some of the vowels have different sounds depending on the word. There's a number of vowel distinctions who are preserved in the writing system but they are not pronounced as such in modern spoken Bengali or Assamese. For example, the script has two letters for the vowel sound [i] and two letters for the vowel sound [u]. This difference arised from the time when Eastern Nagari was used to write Sanskrit, a language that had a short and a long , and a short and a long . These letters are preserved in the script with their traditional names of "short i" and "long i", etc., despite that they are no longer pronounced differently in ordinary speech.
Two additional modified Vowels, and , are not considered letters of the Eastern Nagari script, but are often used in Assamese and Bengali (respectively) to represent certain vowels when the intended pronunciation would otherwise be ambiguous. The latter vowel, which is used in Bengali, is used frequently to transcript texts originally written in other alphabets, most notably Latin.
Vowel signs can be used in conjunction with consonants to modify the consonant's pronunciation (e.g. , kô). When there isn't a vowel diacritic symbol, the vowel "" (ô) is the default vowel for the consonant. For example, under this rule, the letter চ is pronounced cho. To note the absence of a vowel, a "hôsôntô" (্) may be written underneath the consonant, e.g. দ্ d.
The names of the consonant letters in Eastern Nagari are typically just the consonant's main pronunciation plus the inherent vowel "" "ô". Since the inherent vowel is not written, most letters' names look identical to the letter itself (e.g. the name of the letter "" is itself "ghô", not "gh"). Some letters that have lost their distinctive pronunciation in Modern Assamese and Bengali are having the same pronunciation with other letters. For example, since the consonant phoneme /n/ is represented by the consonants , , or (depending on the spelling of the particular word). These letters aren't called simply "nô". Instead, they are called "dental nô", "cerebral nô" and "niô". Similarly, the phoneme in Bengali and in Assamese can be written as "palatal shô/xhô" , "cerebral shô/xhô" , or "dental sô/xô" , depending on the word.
Eastern Nagari script has its own set of digits.
Kei Igawa
He was the number two draft choice of the Hanshin Tigers in 1998. After a couple of years in the Hanshin minor league system, Igawa entered the starting rotation in 2001. In his first full season as a starter, Igawa went 9-13 for the last-placed Tigers, but finished with a Central League second-best 2.67 ERA, behind only Chunichi's Shigeki Noguchi.
In 2002, Hanshin improved to fourth, and Igawa's record was 14-9. He finished third in ERA (2.49), trailing Masumi Kuwata and Kenshin Kawakami. He also led the Central League with 206 strikeouts.
In 2003, the Tigers won the Central League pennant. Igawa made a great contribution with his brilliant performance. He pitched very well and finished with a 20–5 record, a 2.80 ERA, and was third with 179 strikeouts. He was named to the Best Nine, won the MVP in the Central League and also won the Eiji Sawamura Award, the Japanese equivalent of the MLB Cy Young Award.
In 2004 he lead the league at 228 strikeouts, he went 14-11 with a 3.73 ERA. In 2005, Igawa went 13-9 with a 3.86 ERA, fifth among his team's starters in ERA. He was only tied for fifth in strikeouts (down significantly to 145) and 10th in ERA.
Zealandia, also known as the New Zealand continent or Tasmantis, is an almost underwater continent, which sank after separating from Australia 60–85 million years ago and from Antarctica 130–85 million years ago. It was underwater about 23 million years ago, and most of it is sunken (over 93%) under the Pacific Ocean.
The continent of Zealandia has an area of ​​3.5 million km, is larger than Greenland or India, and almost half the size of Australia. It is very long and narrow, from New Caledonia in the north and south beyond the sub-Antarctic Islands of New Zealand in the south. New Zealand is the largest part of Zealandia that is above sea ​​level, followed by New Caledonia.
General Government
General Government (GG, Polish: Generalne Gubernatorstwo) is a term who refers to a region in central Poland. This region, after its annexation from the Nazi Germany in 1939, was declared semi-autonomous with local civil and military administration. Unlike Vidkun Quisling's Norway, it wasn't a puppet state. The local authorities were staffed with Germans faithful to National Socialism.
Germany invaded in Poland on September 1, 1939, triggering the start of World War II. Germany won Poland in just 18 days. In September 18, the Soviet Union, signatory party of the Ribbentrop-Molotov Pact, also invades Poland. Thus, Poland is divided in three parts:
At first, General Government was composed of four Polish voivodeships: Warsaw, Radom, Lublin and Kraków. In August 1941, the General Government was enlarged, incorporating Galicia which was detached from the Soviet Union. Kraków was the capital.
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic
Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (, "Türkmenistan Sowet Sotsialistik Respublikasy"; , "Turkmenskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika"), also commonly known as Turkmenistan or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union in Central Asia. It existed as a republic from 1925 to 1991. Initially, on 7 August 1921, it was established as the Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan ASSR before being made. On 13 May 1925, Turkmen ASSR was promoted to a union republic of the USSR as the Turkmen SSR.
Since then, the borders of Turkmenia are unchanged. On 22 August 1990, Turkmenia declared its state sovereignty, who means that its laws have a priority over the Soviet laws. On 27 October 1991, it declared its independence and Turkmen SSR was renamed to Turkmenistan.
Geographically, Turkmenia bordered Iran and Afghanistan to the south, Kazakhstan to the north and Uzbekistan to the east. Additionally, Turkmenia was a landlocked country; however it had access to the Caspian Sea in the west.
Russian attempts to annex Turkmen territory began in the second half of nineteenth century. Of all the Central Asian peoples, the Turkmen had the hardest resistance against the Russian expansion. In 1869, the Russian Empire established its presence in present-day Turkmenistan, creating a new sea port named Krasnovodsk (now Türkmenbaşy).
A few years later, they annexed Khiva Khanate in 1873. Because Turkmen tribes, most notably the Yomud, were in the military service of the Khivan khan, Russian forces invaded Khorazm, destroying many settlements and killing hundreds of Turkmens. In 1881, the Russians under General Mikhail Skobelev besieged and captured Geok Tepe, one of the last Turkmen strongholds. Geok Tepe is located close to Ashgabat. After the Turkmen defeat, the annexation of the present-day Turkmenistan was met with only weak resistance. Later in the same year, the Russians signed an agreement with the Persians. This agreement established the pernament Russian-Persian border, which became the present-day border between Turkmenistan and Iran. In 1897 a border agreement was signed between the Russians and Afghans.
Following annexation to Russia, the area was administered as the Transcaspian Region. Transcaspian Region was administered by officials appointed from the Turkestan Governor-Generalship in Tashkent. In the 1880s, a railroad was built from Krasnovodsk to Ashgabat and later extended to Tashkent. Urban areas began to develop along the railway. Although the Transcaspian Region essentially was a colony of Russia, the Russians still had concerns, such as the British colonialist intentions in the region and with possible uprisings by the Turkmen.
Because the Turkmen generally didn't oppose the introduction of Soviet rule in 1917, little revolutionary activity occurred in the region in the years that followed. However, the years immediately before the revolution had been marked by sporadic Turkmen uprisings against Russian rule, most prominently the anti-tsarist revolt of 1916 that expanded through the whole of Turkestan. Their armed resistance to Soviet rule was part of the larger Basmachi Revolt throughout Central Asia from the 1920s into the early 1930s, which included most of the future USSR republics. Although Soviet sources describe this struggle as a minor chapter in the republic's history, it is clear that opposition was important and resulted in the death of large numbers of Turkmens.
In October 1924 Central Asia was divided into distinct political entities. The Transcaspian Region and Turkmen Oblast of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkestan ASSR) became the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Turkmen SSR), a constituent republic of the Soviet Union, having equal status with e.g. Russian SFSR. During the forced collectivization and other extreme socioeconomic changes of the first decades of Soviet rule, pastoral nomadism ceased to be an economic alternative in Turkmenistan, and by the late 1930s the majority of Turkmen had become sedentary. Efforts by the Soviet state to undermine the traditional Turkmen lifestyle resulted in significant changes in familial and political relationships, religious and cultural observances, and intellectual developments. Thousands of Russians and other Slavs, as well people of various nationalities mainly from the Caucasus, migrated to urban areas of Turkmenia. Turkmenia was industrialized and natural resources were exploited in a limited degree.
Under Soviet rule, all religious beliefs were suppressed by the communist authorities as superstition and "vestiges of the past". Most religious education and religious observances were banned. The vast majority of mosques were closed. An official Muslim Board of Central Asia based in Tashkent was established during World War II to supervise the Islamic faith in Central Asia. For the most of its existion, the Muslim Board functioned mostly as an instrument of propaganda. Atheism affected religious development and contributed to the isolation of the Turkmen people from the international Muslim community. Some religious customs, such as Muslim burial and male circumcision, continued to be practiced throughout the Soviet period, but most religious belief, knowledge, and customs were preserved only in rural areas in "folk form" as a kind of unofficial Islam unsanctioned by the state-run Spiritual Directorate.
Beginning in the 1930s, Moscow kept the republic under strict control. The nationalities policy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) led to a development of a Turkmen political elite and promoted Russification. Slavs, both in Moscow and Turkmenia, closely supervised the national cadre of government officials and bureaucrats. Generally, Turkmen politicians supported Soviet policies. Moscow initiated nearly all political activity in the republic. Turkmenistan was a largely quiet Soviet republic. The only major poltiical event was a corruption scandal in the mid-1980s that ousted longtime First Secretary Muhammetnazar Gapurow. Many Turkmens were self-dependent, contributing to the low impact of Mikhail Gorbachev's policies of glasnost and perestroika on Turkmenistan. The republic found itself rather unprepared for the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the independence that followed in 1991.
When other Soviet republics claimed sovereignty over their territory in 1988 and 1989, Turkmenia's leadership also began to criticize Moscow's economic and political policies. After an unanimous vote of its Supreme Soviet, Turkmenistan declared its sovereignty in August 1990. In August 1991, following the failed coup attempt against Gorbachev's rule in Moscow, Turkmenia's communist leader and first president of Turkmenistan Saparmurat Niyazov called for a popular referendum on independence. The official result of the referendum was 94 percent in favor of independence. The republic's Supreme Soviet declared Turkmenistan's independence on October 27, 1991. Turkmenistan gained formal independence from the Soviet Union on December 26, 1991.
As with the other Soviet republics, Turkmenia followed the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The country was governed by the republic's sole party, Communist Party of Turkmenistan, a republican branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
The politics of Turkmenia took place in the framework of a one-party socialist republic. The Supreme Soviet was a unicameral legislature of the republic headed by a Chairman. The Supreme Soviet's building was in Ashkhabad.
SGR 1806-20
Andrey Kharitonov
Andrey Igorevich Kharitonov (; 25 July 1959 – 23 June 2019) was a Soviet and Russian actor, director and screenwriter. He appeared in movies, television and stage. He is known for roles in movies such as "The Gadfly" (1980), "The Invisible Man" (1984), "The Life of Klim Samgin" (1988) and "The Devil's Flower" (2010).
Kharitonov was born in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR. In January 2019, it was announced that Kharitonov was diagnosed with stomach cancer. He died on 23 June 2019 in Moscow, at the age of 59.
Zdeněk Remsa
Zdeněk Remsa (29 December 1928 – 22 June 2019) was a Czech ski jumper. He was born in Horní Branná. He competed at the 1948 Winter Olympics in St. Moritz.
Remsa died on 22 June 2019, at the age of 90.
Se'are Mekonnen
Se'are Mekonnen (Geʽez: ሰዐረ መኮንን; died 22 June 2019) was an Ethiopian army officer. He rose to the rank of General. He was the Chief of Staff of the Ethiopian National Defense Force from 2018 until his assassination in 2019. Mekonnen was born in Tigray Region.
On 22 June 2019, Mekonnen was shot and killed during a coup d'état attempt.
Abdul Sattar (diplomat)
Abdul Sattar (‎; 1931 – 23 June 2019) was a Pakistani political scientist, diplomat, author, foreign service officer and nuclear strategist. He first served as Foreign Minister of Pakistan from 1999 to 2002. Before this, he was Foreign Minister for a few months in 1993 and was Foreign Secretary from 1986 to 1988. He also served as ambassador to Austria and the Soviet Union.
Sattar died on 23 June 2019, at the age of 88.
Estevan Bruins
The Estevan Bruins are a junior ice hockey team playing in the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League (SJHL).
Work to get a team for Estevan began in 1956 and resulted in the Humboldt-Melfort Indians moving to Estevan for the 1957–58 season.
Division 1
Division 1 and variants may refer to:
Frederick Andermann
Frederick Andermann (September 26, 1930 – June 16, 2019) was a Canadian neurologist. He is most noted for his research of epilepsy. He was Professor and Professor Emeritus in the Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at McGill University. He helped describe Andermann syndrome, a very rare neurodegenerative genetic disorder, with his wife Eva. He was named an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2006. After his death, Andermann was called one of Canada's most distinguished neurologists by McGill.
Andermann was born in what is now present-day Chernivtsi, Ukraine. He moved to Canada in 1950. He married his wife Eva in 1963. Andermann died on June 16, 2019 in Montreal, Quebec. He was 88.
Roger Marshall
Roger Wayne Marshall (born August 9, 1960) is an American politician and obstetrician. Marshall is the junior United States Senator from Kansas since 2021. He was the U.S. Representative for . He was elected in 2016. Marshall is a Republican. In August 2020, he became the Republican nominee for the United States Senate seat being left empty by Pat Roberts' retirement. He would go on to defeat Barbara Bollier in the November 2020 election.
Marshall was born in El Dorado, Kansas. He was in the United States Army Reserve for seven years, and he reached the rank of captain.
Marshall ran against Tim Huelskamp in the Republican Party primary election for in the United States House of Representatives. Marshall had support from many of Kansas's agricultural groups. They were mad at Huelskamp for losing his seat on the House Agriculture Committee. This was the first time in 100 years that a Kansan was not on that committee.
Marshall won 56% of the vote. Huelskamp won only 44%. The district is very Republican. No Democrat ran. In the general election, Marshall easily won.
On September 7, 2019, Marshall announced he would give up his House seat and run for the Senate seat being left empty by four-term fellow Republican Pat Roberts.
On August 4, 2020, Marshall won the Republican primary. He will face Democratic State Senator Barbara Bollier in the general election. In November 2020, he won the election defeating Bollier.
Marshall is against the Affordable Care Act (Obamacare). Marshall voted for the American Health Care Act of 2017. This bill would have repealed and replaced the Affordable Care Act.
Marshall is anti-abortion.
Marshall lives in Great Bend, Kansas, and he practices medicine there.
Kansas's 1st congressional district, 2016
Gunther Kress