AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Comparison of mtDNA cytochrome "b" sequences found that five species of "Phyllastrephus" did not belong to the bulbuls, but to an enigmatic group of songbirds from Madagascar instead (Cibois "et al.", 2001; see below for the species in question), and they are now usually referred to as Malagasy warblers. Similarly, sequence analysis of the nDNA RAG1 and RAG2 genes suggests that the genus "Nicator" is not a bulbul either (Beresford "et al.", 2005). That the previous arrangement had failed to take into account biogeography was indicated by the study of Pasquet "et al." (2001) who demonstrated the genus "Criniger" must be divided into an African and an Asian ("Alophoixus") lineage. Using analysis of one nDNA and 2 mtDNA sequences, Moyle & Marks (2006) found one largely Asian lineage and one African group of greenbuls and bristlebills; the golden greenbul seemes to be very distinct and form a group of its own. Some taxa are not monophyletic, and more research is necessary to determine relationships within the larger genera.
Currently, there are 158 recognized species in 32 genera:
Bulbuls are short-necked slender passerines. The tails are long and the wings short and rounded. In almost all species the bill is slightly elongated and slightly hooked at the end. They vary in length from 13 cm for the tiny greenbul to 29 cm in the straw-headed bulbul. Overall the sexes are alike, although the females tend to be slightly smaller. In a few species the differences are so great that they have been described as functionally different species. The soft plumage of some species is colorful with yellow, red or orange vents, cheeks, throat or supercilia, but most are drab, with uniform olive-brown to black plumage. Species with dull coloured eyes often sport contrasting eyerings. Some have very distinct crests. Bulbuls are highly vocal, with the calls of most species being described as nasal or gravelly. One author described the song of the brown-eared bulbul as "the most unattractive noises made by any bird".
The bulbuls are generally monogamous. One unusual exception is the yellow-whiskered greenbul which at least over part of its range appears to be polygamous and engage in a lekking system. Some species also have alloparenting arrangements, where non-breeders, usually the young from earlier clutches, help raise the young of a dominant breeding pair. Up to five purple-pink eggs are laid in an open tree nests and incubated by the female. Incubation usually lasts between 11–14 days, and chicks fledge after 12–16 days.
Bulbuls eat a wide range of foods, ranging from fruit to seeds, nectar, small insects and other arthropods and even small vertebrates. The majority of species are frugivorous and supplement their diet with some insects, although there is a significant minority of specialists, particularly in Africa. Open country species in particular are generalists. Bulbuls in the genus "Criniger" and bristlebills in the genus "Bleda" will join mixed-species feeding flocks.
The red-whiskered bulbuls and red-vented bulbuls have been captured for the pet trade in great numbers and have been widely introduced to tropical and subtropical areas, for example southern Florida, Fiji, Australia and Hawaii. Some species are regarded as crop pests, particularly in orchards.
In general bulbuls and greenbuls are resistant to human pressures on the environment and are tolerant of disturbed habitat. Around 13 species are considered threatened by human activities, mostly specialised forest species threatened by habitat loss.
Wolseley Expedition
The Wolseley Expedition was a military force put together to capture the Canadian Métis leader Louis Riel. It was led by Colonel Garnet Wolsely. The expedition took place in 1870 and went from Toronto to Winnipeg. Because of the fact that the expedition had to carry so much equipment and guns, the Wolsely Expedition is thought to be one of the most difficult in all of recent history.
Bert Diaries
The Bert Diaries are a series of novels written in the form of a diary. They are by Swedish writers Anders Jacobsson and Sören Olsson. The main character is a teenager named Bert Ljung. Ljung lives in Öreskoga, a fictional town in Sweden, in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The first book was published in 1987. Bert and his friends also have a pop/rock band, the "Heman Hunters".
A TV series was made in 1994. It is directed by Tomas Alfredson and Svante Kettner. It was followed by a movie in 1995, also directed by Alfredson. In late-July 2016 the recording of a new Bert film was announced.
Between 1993 and 2002, and comic book, "FF med Bert", was published Between 1992 and 1999, comic albums were published.
Sune (book series)
The Sune series is a series of children's/youth books by Swedish writers Anders Jacobsson and Sören Olsson. The books have been published since 1984. The stories are originally a radio series, produced as totally 90 episodes for Swedish radio between the years of 1983 and 1993. The Sune books are set in fictional town of "Glimmerdagg" in Sweden, which just like Berts hometown Öreskoga is located somewhere between Karlskoga-Örebro. There is Söderskolan, for the grades 1–6. The Sune books are told in the third person perspective and using the present tense and uses imperfect during flashback scenes, while Bert is told as a first person narrative.
Instead of being a typical "tough guy" who uses to fight or play soccer, Sune is more interested into girls.
The Kane Chronicles are a series of fantasy novels by Rick Riordan. The characters are based on Egyptian mythology. The story is set in the same universe as Riordan's "Percy Jackson & the Olympians, The Heroes of Olympus, The Trials of Apollo, and Magnus Chase and the Gods of Asgard" series.
Jean Marais
Jean-Alfred Villain-Marais was a French actor and director. Marais had over 100 roles in film and on television. He was also known for writing, painting and sculpture.
In the 1950s, Marais became a star of swashbuckling films. He performed his own stunts. After 1970 he mostly worked in plays.
Backlash (2008)
Backlash (2008) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on April 27, 2008 at the 1st Mariner Arena in Baltimore, Maryland. It was the tenth Backlash event held by the WWE.
Jean-Paul Belmondo
Jean-Paul Belmondo (born 9 April 1933) is a French actor. He is associated with the New Wave of the 1960s.
Belmondo is a "Commandeur" of the Ordre national du Mérite He is also "Commandeur" of the Légion d'honneur.
He received a Career Achievement award from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards.
Kana Hanazawa
, was released in 25 April 2012. It was her first single.
GD 61
GD 61 is a white dwarf star. It is 150 light-years from Earth in the constellation Perseus.
An asteroid in the system was detected in 2013 that contains water. This was the first finding of solid or liquid water on an extrasolar body. The asteroid, the first extrasolar asteroid detected, is 26% water by mass, close to the water content of Ceres. This means that a planet, with a rocky surface similar to Earth's, may have existed in the past. The asteroid could be an artifact from this period. It is now possibly part of a debris field from that planet's breakup. Such a planet would have had both a rocky surface and water. These are two key ingredients for life. The researchers used the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope to determine what it is made of. The elements magnesium, silicon, iron and oxygen were detected. These are all components of rocky planets. However, the amount of oxygen is much higher than what was expected. There was also less carbon than expected. This meant there was one possible reason for the extra oxygen. There had to be water there.
Pilgrim of Eternity
"Pilgrim of Eternity" is an episode of "Star Trek" that was created by fans. It was released in 2013. It is the first in a planned web series, "Star Trek Continues". It is a sequel to the original series episode, "Who Mourns for Adonais?".
The crew of the U.S.S. Enterprise are looking into mysterious energy drains from power stations. They find an alien artifact, which begins to draw power from the ship. They destroy the artifact to save themselves, just after Spock (played by Todd Haberkorn) detects two life forms on it. The two forms then materialize on the bridge. one of them is the alien known in Earth's history as the Greek god Apollo (played by Michael Forest). The crew had met him only a couple of years earlier, but he has now aged. He says he was exposed to the energy draining properties of the Realm. This was the destroyed structure. It was built by his race to live in forever. It had malfunctioned and killed all the others of his race. He says he no longer wishes to have people worship him again. After a brief stay in the sick-bay, He starts to want people to idolize him for his singing and storytelling. Captain Kirk (played by Vic Mignogna) demands to speak with him about his behaviors. Apollo uses his telekinetic powers on the captain and others to make them worship him. Meanwhile, the remains of the Realm are still causing difficulties. A crew member dies while he and Sulu (played by Grant Imahara of "Mythbusters") are removing debris from the hull of the Enterprise.
Unlike other Star Trek fan productions, "Pilgrim" had a lead crew made up of film industry professionals. The creators attempted to recreate the style of the original series, in its sets, cinematography, costumes, and acting and storytelling style. They duplicated the dramatic pauses as used in the original, prior to commercial breaks. They primarily used the original series' incidental music, as well as the original theme song and iconic credit typography. They filmed in 4:3 aspect ratio to duplicate the original series' TV format.
Actor Michael Forest, in his 80's during filming, was written into the story as having been artificially aged, as he was supposed to have last encountered the crew of the Enterprise only a few years prior, according to the original series timeline.
As with all such Star Trek fan productions, permission to use copyrighted and trademarked properties from the original series are allowed so long as the production is not-for-profit.
The episode was first shown to the public at the Phoenix Comicon comic book convention on May 26, 2013, and was at the same time released onto the internet, on various streaming services.
Funds for continuation of the series are being raised in part from a Kickstarter campaign, held from Oct 7, 2013 - Nov 6, 2013, which has raised the set goal of $100,000. A second episode in the series, to be directed by Chris White, was in production as of October 2013.
Charlyn Marie Marshall (better known by her stage identity Cat Power; 21 January, 1972) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. She has been releasing albums since 1992. Her cover of "Sea of Love" is played in the 2007 movie "Juno".
Her album "Sun", released in 2012, is her best and highest-charting record as of 2013.
She was born in Atlanta, and has lived in several other states.
Alternator
An alternator is a generator which converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. There is one in every car.
Most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. The armature reacts to the rotating field and carries the current caused by the rotation.
In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines.
An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators.
Alternating current generating systems were known from the discovery of the magnetic induction of electric current. The early machines were developed by pioneers such as Michael Faraday and Hippolyte Pixii.
Capacitance is the ability of a body to store electric charge. A common device to do such task is a capacitor. The SI unit for capacitance is "farad".
Where Q is the charge in the object and V is voltage across that object.
Division of Cook
The Division of Cook is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1969 and is named for James Cook, who mapped the east coast of Australia in 1770. It is located in the southern suburbs of Sydney, including Caringbah, Cronulla, Miranda and Sylvania.
In 2007 there were claims that the Liberal candidate Michael Towke had broken party rules and not told the truth about himself. These claims were later found to be not true. Towke lost his Liberal party position and was replaced with Scott Morrison, former director of the New South Wales Liberal Party. In 2013 Morrison became the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection.
Nieuport 11
The Nieuport 11 is a French single-engine biplane fighter aircraft used during World War I that allowed France to defeat the German Fokker Eindeckers.
It sometimes called "Bébé" (the French word for "baby") due to its small size.
A more powerful version, the Nieuport 16 was also built, leading to a series of fighters that served into the 1920s.
Columbia Business School
Columbia Business School (CBS) is a business school of Columbia University in Manhattan, New York City. It was established in 1916. Its purpose is to provide training and professional preparation for undergraduate and graduate Columbia University students. It is one of six Ivy League business schools. Its admission process is among the most selective of top schools.
Columbia Business School offers three separate Master of Science degrees in Management Science & Engineering, Financial Economics and Marketing. Admission to the programs is extremely competitive: in 2011, there were 543 applicants to the Financial Economics program and only 10 students were accepted.
The Certificate in Business Excellence (CIBE) is awarded to students who complete a total of 18 program days of executive education within a four-year period. Any executive education program at Columbia Business School can be applied toward the completion of the certificate.
Recipients of the CIBE are granted full alumni status with Columbia Business School, including the following alumni benefits:
Columbia Business School has over 39,000 living alumni. Some of the more notable alumni include the following:
Backlash (2007)
Backlash (2007) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on April 29, 2007 at the Philips Arena in Atlanta, Georgia. It was the ninth Backlash event held by the WWE.
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
The University of Nebraska–Lincoln (also called Nebraska, UNL or NU) it is a public university that also does research. It is located in Lincoln, Nebraska, USA. UNL is the state's oldest and largest university campus. It is also the leading school in the University of Nebraska system.
Nilo-Saharan languages
The Nilo-Saharan languages are a family of African languages. They are spoken by around 50 million people, who mainly live in the upper parts of the Chari and Nile rivers. The languages go through 17 countries in the northern half of Africa: from Algeria to Benin in the west; from Libya to the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the center; and from Egypt to Tanzania in the east.
Herman Kahn
Herman Kahn (February 15, 1922 – July 7, 1983) was one of the preeminent futurists of the second half of the twentieth century. His theories helped to develop the nuclear strategy of the United States.
Kahn, a man of "captivating personality and large intellectual gifts", worked for the RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, California, as a military strategist (19481958). He was a founder of the Hudson Institute think tank. This gives ideas and consultations for the U.S. government and military chiefs, and for business clients.
He was known for analyzing the likely consequences of nuclear war and recommending ways to improve survivability. His key idea was that the threat of nuclear war could be controlled by the use of carefully graded deterrence. In order to get his ideas across he ran two-day seminars which included role-playing in various scenarios. His ideas, when published in "On Thermonuclear War", caused a sensation.
However, responses must be proportionate, because if one threatened all-out war as a response for some rather modest misbehaviour, then the threat was simply not believable, and would not work. The need to think things through in detail was the topic of his second book, "Thinking about the Unthinkable".
Kahn was less successful later in his career when he turned his attention to general economics and politics. His ideas on Japan seemed good at the time, but now seem to be not quite right. He predicted that Japan would become the world's third superstate and a military superpower. This he based on Japan's record after 1946, which was spectacular, with quality production and undercutting markets in the older economies. As it turned out, Japan's economy stalled in the 1980s, and has never recovered its previous growth rate. The role he predicted for Japan is now filled by China, a country with a huge reserve of poorly-paid workers and significant military forces. However, Japan has the second largest economy in the region, and now has good relations with the U.S.A.
Works written by Kahn include:
Backlash (2002)
Backlash (2002) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on April 21, 2002 at the Kemper Arena in Kansas City, Missouri. It was the fourth Backlash event held by the WWF.
This was the first time a WWF pay-per-view was held at Kemper Arena since WWF Over The Edge 1999 where Owen Hart, competing as the Blue Blazer at the time, lost his life after he fell 78 feet from a harness to the ring during an entrance stunt and landed chest-first on the top rope, approximately a foot from the nearest turnbuckle.
Tami Erin
Anna Favella
Anna Favella (September 21, 1983) is an Italian actress. She works in television and movies. She is known for roles in the TV series "Terra ribelle" and in the movie "Mr. America".
Anna Favella was born and raised in Rome.
Favella started acting when she was very young. Her first minor roles were in programs such as "Enrico Mattei - L'uomo che guardava al future" and "Don Matteo 7". Her first major role was in a TV series called "Terra Ribelle", where she played the role of the main character, Elena Marsili. In 2013, Favella was the main character in the movie "Mr. America".
Backlash (2001)
Backlash (2001) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on April 29, 2001 at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont, Illinois. It was the third Backlash event held by the WWF.
Pekwachnamaykoskwaskwaypinwanik Lake
Wimbledon High School
Division of Cunningham
The Division of Cunningham is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1949 and is named for Allan Cunningham, a 19th century explorer of New South Wales and Queensland.
It is on the coast of New South Wales and includes parts of the city of Wollongong, Corrimal, Figtree and Unanderra. It also includes several suburbs of Sydney, including Heathcote and Bundeena.
Rex Connor was the Minister for Minerals and Energy in the Whitlam government. Stephen Martin was Speaker of the House of Representatives from 1993-1996. Sharon Bird held several ministerial positions in the Gillard and Rudd governments.
There have been two by-elections in Cunningham. The first was in 1956 when the member, Billy Davis, died. There was only one nomination, Victor Kearney, who was elected unopposed. The second was in 2002 when Stephen Martin resigned. Michael Organ for the Greens was elected, the first time the Greens had won a seat in the House of Representatives.
Maltby Academy
Yarm School
Backlash (2000)
Backlash (2000) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Federation (WWF). It was held on April 30, 2000 at the MCI Center in Washington, D.C.. It was the second Backlash event held by the WWF.
Aircraft Apprentice Scheme
The Aircraft Apprentice Scheme was a training programme in the Royal Air Force. It lasted from 1920 to 1966. The training programme was for aircraft ground crew (those who servicing the aircraft on the ground, as opposed to the pilots).
The Apprentice Scheme was the result of the Royal Air Force's decision to open Schools of Technical Training. RAF Halton was chosen as the home for the training of men and boys. The School of Technical Training (for boys) was not formed as a separate unit until 1919 and only became a permanent establishment on 1 January 1920. In March of that year, RAF Halton was named No. 1 School of Technical Training. No. 2 School of Technical Training at RAF Cranwell was created because there was not enough accommodation to house the boys at RAF Halton.
Batman: Arkham Origins is an action-adventure video game made by Warner Bros. Games Montréal. It can be played on Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, Wii U, and Xbox 360. The game is based on the DC Comics superhero Batman and is the third in the "Batman: Arkham" series. It was released worldwide by Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment on October 25, 2013.
Unlike previous "Arkham" games, "Arkham Origins" is not made by Rocksteady Studios. It is also written by Dooma Wendschuh and Corey May. The main story takes place five years before the events of 2009's "Batman: Arkham Asylum". The game shows a younger and not entirely formed Batman who has a bounty placed on his head by crime lord Black Mask. This attracts eight of world's greatest assassins to Gotham City on Christmas Eve. While having to deal with the dirty members of the police department, other villains also attract Batman's attention. Like previous "Arkham" games, "Arkham Origins" is played from the third-person view. The game greatly focuses on Batman's combat and stealth abilities, detective skills, and use of gadgets. "Arkham Origins" is the first game in the series to have a multiplayer mode.
The game mainly got positive reviews. But people criticised it for copying things from previous "Arkham" games without improving them, or pointlessly changing it. A tie-in game titled "Batman: Arkham Origins Blackgate" was released along with "Arkham Origins". "Origins Blackgate" is available for Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation Vita. A mobile version of "Arkham Origins" was created for iOS and Android systems. The mobile version was made available for download in October 2013.
2 Chainz
Tauheed Epps (born September 12, 1977), known professionally as 2 Chainz (formerly Tity Boi), is an American rapper. He was born in College Park, Georgia. He is best known for his singles "Riot", "No Lie" (featuring Drake), "I'm Different" and "Birthday Song". He is also known for being half the duo of the rap group Playaz Circle along with rapper and long time friend Dolla Boy. The group was discovered by fellow rapper Ludacris and signed them to his Record Label DTP. 2 Chainz gained recognition as a solo artist when he was featured on Kanye West's 2012 single "Mercy" off his album "Cruel Summer". He has 2 albums: "Based On A True Story" and his most recent one "B.O.A.T.S: Me Time".
Division of Dobell
The Division of Dobell is an Australian electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and is named for the Australian painter, Sir William Dobell. It is on the Central Coast and includes Bateau Bay, Berkeley Vale, Blue Haven, The Entrance, Gorokan, Jilliby, Ourimbah, Toukley, Tuggerah, Tumbi Umbi, Wamberal, Wyoming.
Craig Thomson was arrested in 2013 and charged with 173 offences including fraud and theft. He resigned form the ALP and sat as an independent. He contested the 2013 election as an independent but only got 4% of the votes.
Nick Cardy
Nicholas Viscardi (October 20, 1920 – November 3, 2013), known professionally as Nick Cardy or Nick Cardi, was American comic book artist. He is best known for his DC Comics work on Aquaman, the Teen Titans and other major characters. Cardy was inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2005.
Cardy was born on October 20, 1920 in New York City, New York. He studied at the Art Students League of New York, studying life drawing. Cardy was married to Ruth Houghby from 1947 until they divorced in 1969. They had one son. Cardy died on November 3, 2013 from heart failure at his Miami, Florida home, aged 93.
Hal Needham
Hal Brett Needham (March 6, 1931 – October 25, 2013) was an American stuntman, movie director, actor, and writer. He is known for directing the 1971 comedy movie "Smokey and the Bandit" and "The Cannonball Run". Needham received the Taurus World Stunt Awards Lifetime Achievement Award.
Needham was born on March 6, 1931 in Memphis, Tennessee. He was raised in Little Rock, Arkansas and in St. Louis, Missouri.
Needham was married to Dani Crayne from 1981 until they divorced in 1996. Then he was married to Ellyn Wynne Williams from 1996 until his death in 2013. Needham died on October 25, 2013 from cancer in Los Angeles, California, aged 82.
Juan Carlos Calabró
Juan Carlos Calabró (3 February 1934 – 5 November 2013) was an Argentine actor and comedian. He was known for his work "Johnny Tolengo, el majestuoso".
Calabró was born on 3 February 1934 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Calabró died on 5 November 2013 in Buenos Aires, Argentina from kidney disease, aged 79.
Mr. Morgan's Last Love
Mr. Morgan's Last Love is an 2013 comedy-drama movie based on Francoise Dorner's French novel "La Douceur Assassine". It is written and directed by Sandra Nettelbeck. It stars Michael Caine and Clémence Poésy. It was released to negative reviews on November 1, 2013.
Life of Pi (movie)
Life of Pi is a 2012 American drama movie produced and directed by Ang Lee. It stars Suraj Sharma. It was released to very positive reviews on November 21, 2012. It was nominated for three Golden Globe Awards, including Best Picture - Drama and Best Director, and won for Best Original Score. At the 85th Academy Awards, it had 11 nominations, including Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay, and won four (the most of the night), including Best Director for Ang Lee.
Judgment Day (2008)
Division of Eden-Monaro
The Division of Eden-Monaro is an Australian electoral division in New South Wales. It was one of the 75 divisions set up for the first federal election in 1901. It is named for the town of Eden and the Monaro district of southern New South Wales. It includes Batemans Bay, Bega, Cooma and Queanbeyan.
Since 1972 the Division has always been won the party that wins government in the elections. It is closely watched by the media when trying to pick the results of an election.
There was a by-election in Eden-Monaro in 1926 after the death of the sitting member, Sir Austin Chapman.
Graham Stark
Graham William Stark (20 January 1922 – 29 October 2013) was an English comedian, actor, writer and director. He was known for his roles in "Alfie" and in "Superman III".
Stark was born on 20 January 1922 in Wallasey, Cheshire, England. He studied at Wallasey Grammar School. Stark began acting when he was 13 years old.
Stark was also an accomplished stills photographer. Stark died in London on 29 October 2013 after suffering a stroke. He was 91.
Hans von Borsody
Hans von Borsody (20 September 1929 – 4 November 2013) was a German-Austrian actor.
He was born in Vienna as a member of an artists family. His father Eduard von Borsody was a movie director, his uncle Julius von Borsody a set designer. His daughter Suzanne von Borsody is also an actress.
von Borsody died on 4 November 2013 in Berlin, Germany from lung cancer, aged 84.
Division of Farrer
The Division of Farrer is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1949 and is named for William Farrer, an agricultural scientist. It is in the southern rural area of the state and includes Albury, Balranald, Broken Hill, Deniliquin and Jerilderie.
It was held by three Cabinet ministers in succession, David Fairbairn, Wal Fife and Deputy Prime Minister Tim Fischer.
Jorge Ramos
Jorge Ramos Ávalos (born March 16, 1958) is a Mexican journalist for Univision. He is the anchor for "Noticiero Univision" and host of the Sunday morning news talk show Al Punto. Also, on Fusion TV, he hosts "America with Jorge Ramos", which debuted on October 29, 2013.
Ramos was born on March 16, 1958 in Mexico City, Mexico. He studied at Universidad Iberoamericana. Ramos has won eight Emmy Awards throughout his career for journalism.
Judgment Day (2007)
Christian (given name)
Christian is a given name. Both men and women can be named "Christian". The name comes from the Latin word "Christianus", meaning "follower of Christ". It has been commonly used as a name since the Middle Ages - especially amongst females.
The name is popular in Europe, United States and other English-speaking countries. In Europe — though not the United States — it is almost exclusively used as a male name. However, in the 17th and 18th centuries it was a popular female first name in Scotland.
Female variants of the name include Christine, Christina, Christiane, Kristen, Kristin, and Kirsten. Holders of the name "Christian" may go by the nicknames or shortened forms Chris, Chrissy, Crix or Xian.
Enhanced geothermal system
An enhanced geothermal system (EGS) is a geothermal energy system that can make electrical energy when natural underground water is not there. For a long time, geothermal energy could only be produced when there were hot rocks, underground water, and cracks in rocks all together in one area. Now, new ways of getting this power source are being created. Areas that can possibly be used for energy need to be altered by people to make the energy usable. These areas may need either underground water and/or cracks, or fracture network, in rocks. Enhanced geothermal systems allow for geothermal energy to be outside normal geothermal areas like active plate boundaries to less active areas like the western United States.
Geothermal systems can also be enhanced by recycling old oil and gas wells for geothermal use. It is cheaper to change these wells for heat mining than to drill new holes. These wells do not allow for physical contact between the water and the heat source. These wells are made out of two cylinders: a bigger one and a smaller one. The smaller one fits inside the bigger one and is where the heated water is pumped out from. Water in inserted between the lining of the inner pipe and the outer one. Due to the lack in direct contact with the hot rocks as well as some heat loss from lack of a good insulating material, the energy output is not as high as in ordinary geothermal systems.
Some say that this form of energy is one of the “greenest” alternative energies out there. Studies that say two of the three ways of geothermal energy production is flash-steam and dry-steam give off less than 7% of the green house gasses that fossil fuels give off. The third method, known as a closed binary-cycle system, gives off nearly zero green house gasses.) The most emission heavy part of EGS is when the drills are powered by diesel fuel. Research on EGS Life Cycle Analysis has shown that a good correction for this would be to hook the drill up to the power grid decreasing the already minimal impact GEP power plants has on human health, climate change, and ecosystem quality. Supporters also claim that because geothermal energy systems don’t rely on the changing weather, it is a more reliable energy with a constant energy output.
The US has the largest potential geothermal energy reserve in the world yet only 4% of its total energy usage (15 billion kWh) is from GEP. California has the highest number of geothermal heat pumps out of a total of the nine states that use geothermal energy. Hawaii gets 20% of its power from geothermal power plants. Knowledge about geothermal energy is not well known. This makes getting money for research and development very hard. Developers have also been known to have trouble getting permits to drill on public land and get funding from both the federal government and outside interests. There are, however, two projects that were approved by the Senate to help get EGS out of the pilot stage.
In 1990, legislation took to creating incentives to develop the industry. It was attempted with the Energy Act of 2005 and Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 with issued tax credits and the creation of Senate supported research and development programs.
Division of Fowler
The Division of Fowler is an Australian Electoral Division in New South Wales. It was set up in 1984 and named after Lilian Fowler, the first woman mayor in Australia. It includes the suburbs of Ashcroft, Austral, Bonnyrigg, Bonnyrigg Heights, Busby, Cabramatta, Cabramatta West, Canley Heights, Canley Vale, Cartwright, Cecil Hills, Cecil Park, Edensor Park, Green Valley, Greenfield Park, Heckenberg, Hinchinbrook, Lansvale, Liverpool, Middleton Grange, Miller, Mount Pritchard, Prairiewood, Sadleir, St Johns Park, Wakeley and West Hoxton.
Chris Hayes had previously been the member for Werriwa.
The Latymer School
The Latymer School is a grammar school in Edmonton, London, England. It was started in 1624 by merchant Edward Latymer. In their 2008 report Ofsted graded the school as 'outstanding'. Bruce Forsyth was a student. The school is selective and co-educational.
About 186 pupils are admitted to Year 7 (aged 11 or 12) annually. Places are awarded by a competitive examination. 20 places are reserved for pupils with exceptional musical talent. The examinations taken by prospective pupils cover non-verbal reasoning, verbal reasoning and numeracy.
Around 60-70 pupils join the sixth form in Year 12 (aged 16 or 17) per year, mixing with Latymer pupils who have made the transition from Year 11. External applicants to the sixth form sit entrance examinations and generally require 6 A grades at GCSE (or equivalent) level.
Boeing T-43
The Boeing T-43 is a military variant of the twin-turbojet airliner Boeing 737-200. It was used between 1973 and 2010 as a training aircraft by the US Air Force. It was the biggest training aircraft in the United States.
It was used by Air Education and Training Command's 12th Flying Training Wing. Some were built as CT-43 for passenger transport duties.
Haberdashers' Aske's School for Girls
Elstree
Emmerdale is a British soap opera. It is set in a made-up village called Emmerdale, called Beckindale until 1994, in the Yorkshire Dales. The plot is focused on things that happen in and around The Woolpack, the main village pub. It is on ITV every weekday at 7 o'clock. It was called Emmerdale Farm until 1989. It was started in 1972 by Kevin Laffan, making it Britain's second oldest soap opera after "Coronation Street". It is one of the most popular television programmes in Britain. It has been given many awards including one BAFTA.
Rockwell B-1 Lancer
The Rockwell B-1 Lancer is a strategic bomber in the service of the US Air Force. It is a four-turbojet aircraft that uses a variable-sweep wing. It can carry nuclear weapons or classic bombs. It is only used by the USA.
- Simulacrum of the B-1A
History of modern Mongolia
Mongolia became independent on December 29, 1911 from the Qing Dynasty.
In 1924, the constitutional monarchy was no longer used when the king died. The Mongolian People's Republic was formed. The name of the capital city was changed from Küriye to Ulan Bator. It was ruled by the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and had very close relationship with the Soviet Union. The country was socialist.
The Republic of China had Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Alliance with the USSR. However, the Soviet Union was later criticised for helping the People's Republic of China in the Chinese Civil War. In United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505, the Republic of China claimed that they would not give up Mongolia as a part of China.
In February 1992, Mongolia gave up socialism. The name of the country was shortened to "Mongolia".
Fiat G.50
Mers-les-Bains
Mers-les-Bains is a commune of Somme near Eu and Le Tréport. By the river "Bresles", it marks the border with Upper Normandy. This commune is famous for its beach and its casino.
The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano
Bridgewater High School
King Solomon High School
Colyton Grammar School
Colyton Grammar School is a grammar school in the village of Colyford in England. It was started in 1546. 49.4% of GCSEs in 2013 were A*, an increase of 4% on the past year, and 68.5% of A-levels were A*-A. Ofsted rated the school as outstanding.
Division of Gilmore
Eriophorum
Sevenoaks School
Sevenoaks School is an English co-educational public school in Kent. It is a member of the G20 Schools Group. It is the second oldest non-denominational school in the United Kingdom, dating back to 1432, behind Oswestry (1407). Over 1,000 day pupils and boarders attend, ranging in age from 11 to 18 years. There are approximately equal numbers of boys and girls.
It was the first school in England to switch to the International Baccalaureate instead of the usual A-Level exams.
Hotchkiss School
King Ecgbert School
Betty Shabazz was an American educator and civil rights activist. She was the widow of Malcolm X.
She was born on May 28, in either 1934 or 1936. Her full name at birth was Betty Dean Sanders. She grew up in Detroit, Michigan. She and Malcolm X joined the Nation of Islam in 1956. They married in 1958. They had six children together. She raised them on her own after her husband was murdered in 1965.
Shabazz converted to Islam in 1965. Betty was pregnant with twin girls when she witnessed Malcolm X’s assassination. Betty never remarried after her husband’s death, and became a national figure. She also cared deeply about the struggle of people of African heritage in the U.S.
Shabazz's grandson Malcolm Shabazz (1984-2013) set fire to her apartment on June 1, 1997. She died of burns in hospital on June 23, 1997. He was convicted of arson and manslaughter and sentenced to 18 months juvenile detention.
Topographic map
A topographic map is a kind of map which uses contour lines or other ways to show elevation and topography. Topo maps are usually very detailed, with a large scale, though some are not. These maps are prepared based on detailed surveying of the areas concerned.
Topographical maps may be used for many purposes. They show relief features, rivers, land use, vegetation, settlements, roads, railway lines and administrative units and their boundaries. These maps are revised periodically to update them. Town guide maps are based on them.
Postage stamps and postal history of Macau
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Macau.
The first stamps issued for Macau by the Portuguese was in 1884. The common "Portuguese crown" design was used and nine values ranging from 5 to 300 reis were made.
When Macau became a special administrative region of the People's Republic of China, all stamps with "Macau, Portuguese Republic" () were no longer used. Instead, "Macau, China" was printed on the stamp.
British Aircraft Corporation One-Eleven
The British Aircraft Corporation One-Eleven or sometime British Aircraft Corporation 111 or also BAC 111 was a British airliner. It was a twin-turbojet that could carry around one hundred passengers. Some were built under licence in Romania as RomBAC 111. This aircraft is similar to the French Sud Aviation Caravelle and to the US Douglas DC-9. The One-Eleven was retired from service in the 1990s because of noise restrictions. It was one of the more successful British designed airliners.
Softwood
Softwood is wood that comes from gymnosperm trees. These are conifers, a term which includes most evergreen trees.
Softwood makes up about 80% of the world's production of lumber. Traditional production areas include North America, Scandinavia, Baltic countries and China. The opposite of softwood is hardwood, which is wood that comes from angiosperm trees. Softwoods are not always softer than hardwoods. Both groups include a variety of wood types that vary in actual hardness. For example balsa is a hardwood but is softer than most softwoods. Douglas fir, a softwood, is much harder than many hardwoods.
Detroit Lakes, Minnesota
Detroit Lakes it is a city and the county seat of Becker County, Minnesota, United States. The city's economy is based on tourism and agriculture. It attracts tourists in both summer and winter.
VFW-Fokker 614
The VFW-Fokker 614 is a West German airliner. It is a twin-turbojets aircraft. Its uniqueness lies in the implementation of its two turbojets above the wing. VFW-Fokker 614 can carry between 40 and 44 passengers.
It was used by airlines in Denmark, France, and Germany until 2007. German Air Force, the "Luftwaffe", also used this aircraft for speed liaisons and VIP transport.
Andreja Pejić
Andreja Pejić (born 28 August 1991) is an Australian model and actress.
She was born in Tuzla, Bosnia. During the Bosnian War she and her older brother Igor, mother, and grandmother fled to a refugee camp in Serbia. After the 1999 NATO bombing of Serbia, Pejić's mother felt unsafe and in 2000 the family moved to Melbourne.
Pejić was assigned male at birth. She models both male and female clothing. Her website describes her as transgender. She was signed to Storm Models in February 2012. She has appeared on the cover of Russian Vogue and Elle Serbia. In February 2013 she appeared in the video for David Bowie's single "The Stars (Are Out Tonight)". In October 2013 an interview with her was published by "La Monda" magazine. In it she said publicly for the first time that she likes people calling her 'she' more than 'he' or other gender pronouns. In early 2014 she had sex reassignment surgery.
Her boyfriend is Rembrandt Duran.
Vought F6U Pirate
Anna Grodzka
Mamphela Ramphele
Playaz Circle
Playaz Circle were an American hip hop group from Georgia. The members were rappers 2 Chainz and Dolla Boy. The group was established in 1997 but did not began recording until 2007 with their best selling album. They were discovered by Ludacris and he signed them to his record label DTP. They are best known for their hit single "Duffle Bag Boy" that features Lil Wayne. In 2013 they broke up to work individually.
Fisher Ames
Fisher Ames (April 9, 1758 – July 4, 1808) was a United States Congress representative from the First Congressional District of Massachusetts.
Ames was born in Dedham, Massachusetts. His father died when Ames was six years old. Even though his mother did not have much money, she wanted to give Ames a good education. Ames started learning Latin when he was six years old. He went to Harvard College when he was twelve years old. He graduated in 1774. After Ames graduated, he started to work as a teacher. When he was a teacher, he also studied law. He started to work as a lawyer in the year 1781.
He served in the Massachusetts House of Representatives in 1788. He was also part of the Massachusetts Convention in the same year. He served in Congress from March 4, 1789 to March 3, 1797. Ames decided to be a lawyer again in 1796, but he stayed in politics until he died in Dedham on July 4, 1808.
Judgment Day (2006)
Judgment Day (2006) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view show made by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). It was held on May 21, 2006 at the US Airways Center in Phoenix, Arizona. It was the eighth Judgment Day event held by the WWE.
North China Plain
Babar: King of the Elephants
Babar: King of the Elephants is an animated movie that was released in 1998. It was made by Nelvana Limited, Home Made Movies, and TMO-Loonland, in association with The Clifford Ross Company. It was released in cinemas in Canada. It was later released on home video by HBO Home Video in the United States.
The story is based on Jean de Brunhoff's book series. It is the second movie about Babar, after "" (1989). It is also based on the HBO television series, which ran from 1989 to 1991.
The film opens with various birds singing "The Ancient Song of the Elephants". Marabou, a marabou stork, states that the elephants have long forgotten the meaning behind the words of the song over the years; the birds remember as they have been around for the same period of time as the elephants. Marabou introduces the story that is about to unfold, beginning with a historically significant event: the birth of Babar the elephant.
In the Great Forest, Babar lives a happy childhood being cared for by his loving mother and playing with the other young elephants, including his friends Arthur and Celeste. One day while walking alone with Babar, Babar's mother is shot and killed by a poacher, and Babar is forced to flee as the poacher approaches;[3] after days of wandering, he eventually finds his way to an unnamed city in Paris.[4] Babar spends an eventful day exploring the city and engaging in human activities such as eating ice cream for the first time and attempting to order at a restaurant, all the while disturbing traffic and frightening the other citizens. He meets an older woman, Madame, who provides him with money to purchase proper clothing at a nearby store. Following an extensive fitting session, Babar emerges from the store wearing his signature bright green suit, red bow tie, and a bowler hat.[3] Madame invites Babar to live with her, and she raises him as if he is human, educating him on subjects including mathematics, etiquette, and how to drive a car on the roads. Although Babar enjoys his new life, he occasionally thinks back to his childhood in the Great Forest, missing his elephant friends and his deceased mother.
Two years later, while on a walk with Madame, Babar is shocked to discover Arthur and Celeste, who have left the Great Forest in search of him. The three friends spend the day in a fashion reminiscent of Babar's first day in the city, but they are interrupted by Celeste's mother and another adult elephant from the Great Forest, who have been searching for the runaway children; though at first angry at their disappearance, the older elephants are ecstatic to see Babar, whom they had presumed dead. They inform him that the King of the Elephants has died from accidentally eating poisonous mushrooms, leaving the elephants in disarray, and that the rhinoceroses have waged war against the elephants due to Arthur and the other younger elephants playing pranks on them. That evening, Madame and Babar agree that it is time for him to return home.
Babar is welcomed back to the Great Forest, where he reunites with his old friend Cornelius and the rest of the elephants. Meanwhile, Lord Rataxes, the leader of the rhinoceroses, mobilizes his forces in preparation for war against the elephants. Babar devises a plan to stop the war: he paints monster faces on the backsides of elephants and has them walk backwards in their approach towards the enemy. The plan succeeds in forcing the rhinoceros troops to retreat in fear, and Babar then has Arthur apologize to the abandoned Rataxes for offending the rhinoceroses, thus restoring peace to the jungle. For his brilliant idea and bravery, Babar is asked to be the new King of the Elephants; he agrees on the condition that Celeste be his Queen, which she accepts.