AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
the 2018 Kemerovo fire was a fire that killed 37 people. It was at the Winter Cherry complex, a mall in Kemerovo, Russia. The mall opened in 2013.
Sea ice
Sea ice is simply frozen ocean water. It forms, grows, and melts in the ocean. In contrast, icebergs, glaciers, ice sheets, and ice shelves all originate on land. Sea ice occurs in both the Arctic and Antarctic.
Because sea ice is made of frozen seawater, it is salty (unlike icebergs). Sea ice generally grows in the winter (when it is often dark all day and night) and melts in the summer (when there is twenty-four hour daylight). Sea ice normally covers more area near in the Antarctic than the Arctic. Because the ice is salty, sea ice is heavier, less transparent and easier to break than ice that isn't salty.
The 'mechanical properties' of sea ice refer to how easy it is to bend, break, squash and stretch the ice. This behaviour is dominated by the fact that sea ice is not entirely solid - instead it contains lots of tiny pockets of salt water. Older ice also often contains many air bubbles. This makes it much easier to squash, break and snap than a normal ice cube in a drink.
When two pieces of sea ice squash up against each other, they can crumple up and break to form a 'ridge' at the part where they touch. Before doing this they might bend. It is also relatively easy to pull apart a single piece of sea ice by pulling opposite edges in opposite directions.
Because sea ice has air bubbles and saltwater pockets inside it, it is much harder to see through than non-salty, clear ice. This is because light can't go through it without hitting the bubbles and pockets. Most sea ice in winter is covered by a layer of snow, which you also can't see through. All this means that when the sun shines on sea ice, not much of its light gets through to the sea below the ice. This limits the amount of algae and tiny plants that can grow in the sea. This is important because when the ice melts, much more light gets through and the algae and tiny plants can then thrive. This effect also keeps the sea below cooler.
Around four million people live in the Arctic, with many of them living near the sea. Many of these people have lived here for centuries, and have learned to use and depend on the sea ice to live. In particular, coastal residents of the Arctic travel over the sea ice and use it to hunt animals. This hunting is done both for food and to make clothes. Because some people spent a lot of their lives on the ice, it becomes very important to them and their communities.
May animals live on top of and under the sea ice. It makes life more difficult for some, but less difficult for others. Animals like seals and polar bears exist both on top of the sea ice, but also swim in the sea. Because microscopic plants and algae don't grow well under the sea ice because they need the sun, the animals that eat them (like fish) also spend less time under the ice.
Although it's not smooth like a mirror, sea ice is very shiny. Most of the sunlight that hits it bounces off and shines back into space. By not absorbing a lot of sunlight, the poles stay cold. Having cold regions near the top and bottom of the earth is important for global weather, because it affects the way cold and warm air moves around. When cold air moves down from the Arctic, it can cause very serious storms. When warm air moves up into the Arctic, it can cause the sea ice to melt and break up.
Sea ice also acts as a barrier between the sea and the air. In the rest of the world, water is often evaporating from the sea to the air. Eventually when the air fills up with water, it rains. Sea ice strongly reduces this transfer, so the air is very dry and it doesn't rain or snow very much.
Sea ice also reduces the amount of heat that flows from the sea to the air.
Sea ice is important for the mixing of the sea surface. When wind blows over the sea, it stirs the water and mixes it up. However when wind blows sea ice around, this mixing is much deeper, and the strength can change. This mixing is important because it affects the lives of microscopic animals that live at the sea surface, and it also affects how salty it is at the sea surface.
Human beings have been releasing a lot of greenhouse gases, which have been making the earth warmer. The Arctic in particular has been getting much warmer. One reason for this is because sea ice formation and melting is very sensitive to temperature changes. When the air is warmer, sea ice grows slower and melts faster.
These temperature rises mean that the sea ice begins growing later in the year, and begins melting earlier in the year. It also means that the area of sea ice is decreasing.
Going to the sea ice is difficult and sometimes dangerous. This makes it impossible to keep track of all the sea ice at once and see how its changing. To solve this, scientists often look at sea ice from space using satellites. There are many ways to do this. Some satellites use cameras that work similarly to common consumer ones. Others make pictures of the sea ice using microwave energy that can go through clouds. Some don't just look at the ice, but send down energy from laser and radar machines and then record how it bounces off the ice.
These satellites allow scientists to measure the area covered by sea ice relatively well. However they are still relatively unsure how thick the sea ice is, in part because it is unclear how much snow is resting on the ice at any one time. Measuring the amount of snow that exists on sea ice is difficult, European scientists are currently designing a new satellite called CRISTAL to help study it.
Gabriel von Hackl
Gabriel von Hackl (24 March 1843 – 5 June 1926) was a German-Austrian artist and art teacher. Most of his paintings were of historical subjects.
Hackl was born in Marburg an der Drau. At that time the town was part of Austria. Today it is part of Slovenia. His father was a surgeon. He learned anatomy from his father. He then studied art in Vienna. In 1865 he moved to Munich and studied at the Munich Academy of Fine Arts. He became a professor of drawing at the academy in 1880 and taught there until 1919. Hackl was a strict teacher. He wanted his students' drawings to be anatomically accurate. They learned by drawing plaster casts of ancient sculptures. His own drawings were very skillful and detailed.
Hackl died in Munich at the age of 83. His famous pupils included Anton Ažbe and Giorgio de Chirico.
Christine Kaseba
Christine Kaseba is a Zambian physician, surgeon and politician. She was the First Lady of Zambia from September 2011 until October 2014. She is the widow of former President Michael Sata, who died in office on October 28, 2014. She is also a long-time physician and surgeon, specializing in gynecology and obstetrics, at University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka.
Kaseba was the second wife of Michael Sata, the country's president from 2011 to 2014.
Christine Kaseba and Michael Sata had eight children together.
On November 18, 2014 Kaseba filed her nomination papers to contest the January 2015 presidential by-election under the Patriotic Front party shortly after her husband's death.
However, she and other seven PF candidates lost their party's nomination to Edgar Lungu at the party's November general conference.
In 2016, it was reported that Christine Kaseba might be chosen as the vice presidential running mate of UPND presidential nominee, Hakainde Hichilema, for the 2016 election.
Kaseba serves on the Global Task Force on Expanded Access to Cancer Care and Control in Developing Countries.
Thandiwe Banda
Thandiwe Banda is a Zambian political science teacher. She was the First Lady of Zambia from June 2008 until September 2011. Banda, who was in her 30s when she took over the position in 2008, was the youngest First Lady in Zambia's history. She is the current wife of former President Rupiah Banda. Thandiwe Banda is the second wife of Rupiah Banda after his first Hope Mwansa Makulu, died in 2000. They got married during the 2000s, despite an age gap of nearly forty years. He was around 70 years at the time of their wedding, while she was in her 30s. Thandiwe and Rupiah Banda are the parents of twin boys, Temwani and Dunia, whose conception came as a surprise to both, according to an interview she gave with BBC Africa.
Kemerovo () is a city in Russia that has factories in it. When the Russian government counted all the people in 2018, 558,973 people lived in Kemerovo.
Córdoba Department
Córdoba Department () is a department of Colombia. It is located to the north of this country in the Colombian Caribbean Region. The capital is Montería. In 2013, 1,658,090 people lived there.
ZEE5
Tego Calderón
Tegui Carlos Calderón Rosario (Santurce, Puerto Rico, February 1, 1972), better known by his stage name Tego Calderón, is a singer of "reguetón" and "hip hop" puerto rican He has received prizes for his work, included a Source Award of "The Source Magazine" by "International Artist of the Year". Also he has received nominations in several ceremonies, between them the Grammy Latin, Billboard Awards, Prizes The Ours and Prizes The People.
Calderón was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico. He moved to an early age of his native Puerto Rico to Miami, Florida, were assisted to Beach Senior High School. Here he was in contact with several different cultures and was a drummer in a band of rock. The band did versions of songs produced by artists like Ozzy Osbourne and Led Zeppelin. He has observed that his two parents were fans of Ismael Rivera and that his father also was interested in jazz. He was influenced by both genders and incorporated them into his music. Over time he developed a musical style that combines elements of the sauce, dancehall, and hip hop, centering in the appearances of the urban life in his letters.
Calderón did some apparitions in albums of other musicians of reggaeton, over time signed with the stamp White Lion. In 2002, he published his first album of study titled "El Abayarde" the reggaeton considered at this time a gender "underground", the album sold 50.000 copies in his launching, establishing a record of sales for an album of Latin music. "Three months after publishing" The Abayarde, Calderón organised his first concert, which took place in the "Coliseo Roberto Clemente" in San Juan, Puerto Rico, and exhausted the place. "The next day he turned into the first artist of reggaeton in making a performance in the annual meeting Puerto Rican "Dia Nacional de La Salsa"."
In August of 2003, Calderón acted in Madison Square Garden in New York. His second apparition in the place was in October of 2004, where headed an event titled "Megatones de 2004". The concert was exhausted, with 20.000 assistants of a mixed public of Latins and American fans.
Calderón participated in the 2004 and 2005 editions of the Parade of New York, "Rican Day". During this period of time turned into the first Latin American artist in being included in the Power-105 of New York.
In the summer of 2005, Calderón signed an agreement between Atlantic Records and his own independent stamp, Jiggiri Records, turning into the first artist of reggaeton in having a deal with an important label.
Bavarian Elite-Academy
The Bavarian Elite-Academy (BEA; ) is a leadership education program established by the Bavarian industry. It was founded in 1998.
Sister Jean
Jean Dolores Schmidt, BVM (born August 21, 1919), affectionately known as Sister Jean, is an American chaplain for the Loyola Ramblers men's basketball team and a religious sister of the Sisters of Charity of the Blessed Virgin Mary. She was born in San Francisco, California.
Schmidt moved from California to teach at Mundelein College in Chicago in 1961. During the mid-1960s, she was active in the civil rights movement. In 1991, she was hired by Loyola University.
In 2018, Sister Jean became a national sensation for her appearances in the NCAA tournaments when Loyola advanced to the final four.
Henry Minarik
Henry John Minarik (September 1, 1927 – March 12, 2018) was an American football tackle. He was born in Flint, Michigan. He played for the Pittsburgh Steelers. He played college football at Michigan State University.
Minarik died on March 12, 2018 in Lake City, Michigan at the age of 90.
Emmett Hulcy Tidd
Vice Admiral Emmett Hulcy Tidd (October 6, 1923 – March 20, 2018) was a retired flag officer of the United States Navy. He was born in Shreveport, Louisiana. He retired in 1976.
Tidd enlisted in the Navy Reserve as a seaman apprentice in 1942, and joined the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps while at Oklahoma University. Tidd assumed command of USS "Everglades", followed by a tour as Chief of Staff and Aide to Vice Admiral Elmo Zumwalt, then serving as Commander, Naval Forces Vietnam. Following his Vietnam tour, Tidd was assigned to assume command of USS "Columbus".
Tidd died on March 20, 2018 in Annapolis, Maryland of complications from dementia at the age of 94.
Tom Higgins (rock climber)
Thomas John Higgins (November 7, 1944 – March 21, 2018) was an American rock climber. He was the first climbers to free ascents primarily in the western United States. He was known for pushing standards using a purist, free climbing style. He was born in Huntington Park, California. Higgins began climbing in the High Sierra in California.
In the 1980s, Higgins created first ascents and first free ascents at Pinnacles National Monument (now Pinnacles National Park) and in the Southern High Sierra mountains, California.
Higgins died on March 21, 2018 in Oakland, California at the age of 73.
Frank Meisler
Frank Meisler (1929 – 24 March 2018) was an German-born Israeli architect and sculptor. Meisler was born in the Free City of Danzig. He moved to Israel in 1960.
His public works include a memorial to Ben Gurion in Israel, "Eternal Kiev" in Kiev, and a series of Kindertransport memorials: "Kindertransport – The Arrival" erected at Liverpool Street station in London in 2006, "Trains to Life – Trains to Death" erected at Friedrichstraße station in Berlin in 2008, "The Departure" erected at Gdańsk Główny station in 2009, and "Crossing to Life" erected at the Hook of Holland in 2011.
André Bourbeau
André Bourbeau (June 1, 1936 – March 25, 2018) was a Canadian politician. He was a member of the Quebec Liberal Party. Bourbeau served as member of the National Assembly of Quebec for Laporte serving from 1981 until 2003.
Bourbeau was the founding president of the Montreal International Music Competition.
Bourbeau was diagnosed with leukemia in 1998. He died of complications from cancer on March 25, 2018 in Montreal, at the age of 81.
Bernie De Koven
Bernard Louis De Koven or DeKoven (October 15, 1941 – March 24, 2018) was an American game designer, author, lecturer and fun theorist. He was most notable for his book "The Well Played Game", for his works to the New Games Foundation, his work in computer game design, and for his long-running web site, "deepFUN.com".
Seo Min-woo
Seo Min-woo (Hangul: 서민우; February 8, 1985 – March 25, 2018) was a South Korean idol singer and actor. He was a member of South Korean boy group 100% under the label of TOP Media, as the leader and vocalist.
On March 25, 2018, Seo died from cardiac arrest in his home in Gangnam, aged 33.
Nicolae Tilihoi
Nicolae "Nae" Tilihoi (9 December 1956 – 25 March 2018) was a Romanian professional footballer. He played as a defender.
He spent most of his career with Universitatea Craiova, where he was an indispensable member of the golden generation known as "Craiova Maxima". Tilihoi was often nicknamed "the Iron Guard of Craiova".
Tilihoi made ten appearances for the Romania senior team between 1979 and 1981.
Fimbria
Wake Up with Al
WMAR-TV
WMAR-TV is an ABC affiliate in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. The station first went on the air in 1947. It was originally a CBS affiliate until 1981 when it switched to NBC. In 1995, the station switched to ABC while WBAL-TV switched to NBC and WJZ-TV switched to CBS.
Atif Aslam
Ladon (mythology)
Ganymede (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Ganymede or Ganymedes (, "Ganymēdēs") was an extremely handsome youth. Homer said he was the most beautiful of all mortals. He was born a prince of Troy. His parents were King Tros (from whose name "Troy" is derived), and Queen Callirrhoe, daughter of the river god Scamander.
When Zeus began lusting for the boy, he went down to Earth in the form of an eagle and took him up to Mount Olympus. There, Ganymede was made immortal. He served as the cup-bearer of the gods. To remember this event, Zeus placed Ganymede into the sky as the constellation Aquarius. Ganymede, the largest and most massive of all Jupiter's moons, was named after this mythological figure.
Phobos and Deimos (mythology)
Phobos (Ancient Greek: Φόβος - "fear") and Deimos (Ancient Greek: Δεῖμος - "dread") are the gods of fear and terror in Greek mythology. They were twins, sons of Ares and Aphrodite. The two of them would often accompany their father as he rode into battle on his chariot, alongside Enyo, goddess of war and bloodshed, and Eris, goddess of strife.
Jerry Williams (singer)
Jerry Williams, real name Sven "Erik" Fernström (15 April 1942 – 25 March 2018) was a Swedish singer and actor. He was known early in his career as the lead singer of The Violents he then launched a solo career.
Williams was also an actor appearing as Frasse in the 1985 movie "On the Loose". He also voice dubbed a few characters in the Disney movie "Rock-a-Doodle".
In 1989, Williams released the song "Did I Tell You" which became his biggest hit song and the record "JW" which led to him being discovered by a new generation.
During the Eurovision Song Contest 1989 he was a part of the choir for the song En Dag which was performed by Tommy Nilsson representing Sweden.
Williams died from cancer on 25 March 2018 in Täby Municipality, Sweden at the age of 75.
Sándor Demján
Sándor Demján (14 May 1943 – 26 March 2018) was a Hungarian businessman and entrepreneur. According to Forbes the second richest person in Hungary with a net worth of 192.0 billion HUF (0.615 billion EUR). He was the chairman of TriGránit.
His wealth has been estimated to HUF 300 billion in assets in 2008; At the time, he was Hungary's richest man. His assets in 2006 has been estimated at HUF 80 billion; In just over two years, his capital almost quadrupled.
Arnaud Beltrame
Arnaud Jean-Georges Beltrame (18 April 1973 – 24 March 2018) was a French lieutenant colonel in the National Gendarmerie and Deputy Commander of the Departmental Gendarmerie's Aude Groupment.
Beltrame was killed by a terrorist at Trèbes after having exchanged himself for a hostage. After a three-hour stand-off, the terrorist stabbed him the throat and shot Beltrame.
French President Emmanuel Macron said that Beltrame deserved "the respect and admiration of the whole nation."
Arijit Singh
Arijit Singh (born 25 April 1987) is an Indian musician, singer, Music composer, Music producer, Recordist and Live Performer. He mainly sings Hindi and Bengali songs. He has won 51 awards in which there are four Filmfare Awards.
"Channa Mereya", "Tum Hi Ho", "Phir Bhi Tumko Chahunga", "Uska Hi Banana", "Aayat", "Raabta", "Ae Dil Hai Mushkil" are some of his popular songs.
Carcassonne and Trèbes attack
On 23 March 2018, there was a series of Islamist terrorist attacks in the towns of Carcassonne and Trèbes in southern France.
Redouane Lakdim, a 25-year-old French-Moroccan, shot the two occupants of a car in Carcassonne, killing the passenger and hijacking it. He then opened fire on four police officers, seriously wounding one. Lakdim drove to nearby Trèbes, where he stormed a Super U supermarket, killing two civilians, wounding others, and taking at least one hostage.
A senior gendarme, Lt. Col. Arnaud Beltrame, voluntarily swapped places with a hostage. After a three-hour stand-off, Lakdim fatally shot and stabbed Beltrame. A police tactical unit immediately stormed the building and killed Lakdim. He was named a "soldier of the Islamic State" by the Amaq News Agency, and the President of France called the attacks an act of Islamist terrorism.
Lakdim swore allegiance to the Islamic State and demanded the release of Salah Abdeslam, the only surviving suspect of the November 2015 Paris attacks.
Five people were killed in the attacks, including the perpetrator, and fifteen were wounded.
For his actions, Beltrame was hailed as a hero. Macron said that Beltrame deserved "the respect and admiration of the whole nation."
Sergei Panteleevich Mavrodi (; 11 August 1955 – 26 March 2018) was a Russian financial fraudster and politician. He served as a deputy of the State Duma from 1994 to 1995. He was the founder of the МММ series of pyramid schemes.
Mavrodi died of a heart attack at the age of 62 in Moscow.
Stéphane Audran
Stéphane Audran (born Colette Suzanne Dacheville 8 November 1932 – 27 March 2018) was a French movie and television actress. She was known for her performances in award-winning movies such as "Le charme discret de la bourgeoisie" (1972) and "Babette's Feast" (1987), "The Big Red One" (1980) and "Violette Nozière" (1978).
In 1973, Audran won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role.
Appleton, Wisconsin
Appleton is a city in Outagamie (mostly), Calumet, and Winnebago counties in Wisconsin, United States.
It is near the Fox River, southwest of Green Bay and north of Milwaukee.
Appleton is the county seat of Outagamie County. The population was 72,623 at the 2010 census.
There are three public high schools (Appleton East, Appleton North, and Appleton West) and two religious high schools (Roman Catholic Xavier High School and Fox Valley Lutheran High School). Several charter high schools also serve the children of Appleton.
Lawrence University has its main campus in Appleton. Fox Valley Technical College is also in Appleton.
Tlacote el Alto
Tlacote el Alto is a small town in the state of Querétaro, Mexico.
It is above sea level. The population of the town is 518.
Ceryneian Hind
In Greek mythology, the Ceryneian Hind (, "Elaphos Kerynitis") was a deer sacred to the goddess Artemis. It lived near the town of Ceryneia. It was very big. Its horns were made of gold. Its hooves were made of bronze and/or brass. Herakles was given the task of retrieving it for the third of his famous Twelve Labors.
John II (; 26 April 1319 – 8 April 1364), called John the Good (French: "Jean le Bon"), was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1350 until his death.
John II was succeeded by his son, Charles, who reigned as Charles V of France, known as "The Wise."
John Ehle
John Marsden Ehle, Jr. (December 13, 1925 – March 24, 2018) was an American novelist and screenwriter. He was known best for his fiction set in the Appalachian Mountains of the American South. He wrote the screenplay of "The Journey of August King", a movie that is based on his book. He was known for his book "The Winter People" (1982) and "Last One Home" (1984).
Ehle died in Winston-Salem, North Carolina on March 24, 2018 of congestive heart failure at the age of 92.
Heptagon
A heptagon/septagon/7-gon is a shape with 7 sides and 7 corners.
All sides of a regular heptagon are the same length. Each corner is 147.27°. All corners added together equal 6840°.
The amount of space a regular heptagon takes up is
Dodecagon
A dodecagon or 12-gon is a shape with 12 sides and 12 corners.
All sides of a regular dodecagon are the same length. Each corner is 150°. All corners added together equal 1800°.
The amount of space a regular dodecagon takes up is
The perimeter of a regular dodecagon is
The variable "P" represents the perimeter, and the variable "s" represents one side.
Octadecagon
A octadecagon or 18-gon is a shape with 18 sides and 18 corners.
All sides of a regular octadecagon are the same length. Each corner is 160°. All corners added together equal 2880°.
The amount of space a regular octadecagon takes up is
The area of a regular octadecagon of side length "a" is given by
A hendecagon or 11-gon is a shape with 11 sides and 11 corners.
All sides of a regular hendecagon are the same length. Each corner is 147.27°. All corners added together equal 1619.97°.
The amount of space a regular hendecagon takes up is
Hectogon
A hectogon or hectagon is a shape with 100 sides and 100 corners.
All sides of a regular hectogon are the same length. Each corner is 176.4°. All corners added together equal 17640°.
The amount of space a regular hectogon takes up is
The area of a regular hectogon of side length "a" is given by
Dhaulagiri
Dhaulagiri is a group of mountains in Nepal. It is long and lies between Kaligandaki river and Bheri river. Dhaulagiri I which is the seventh highest mountain in the world whose height is lies in this group.
The name Dhaulagiri comes from sanskrit in which dhawala means white, beautiful and giri means mountain.
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals is Charles Darwin's third major work of evolutionary theory, following "On the Origin of Species" (1859) and "The Descent of Man" (1871).
Darwin had intended it as a section of "The Descent of Man". However, that book was already quite long: it was published in two volumes. So the "Expression of the Emotions" was published separately in 1872.
The book is about the way emotional life is shown by the faces and actions of man and other mammals. Darwin sets out ideas that our systems of emotions are inherited, and have evolved in a similar way to the more familiar structural aspects of man and animals.
He explores the origins of such human characteristics as the lifting of the eyebrows in moments of surprise and the mental confusion which typically accompanies blushing. The book is very notable for being the first book to use photographs as the main way of showing scientific evidence. The field of study is now called "behavioural genetics". One line of evidence he uses is the way many different peoples in different parts of the world have similar facial and emotional reactions.
Darwin's basic points were: a single origin for the entire human species, and universal human expressions. Also, there are obvious links between the way human emotions are shown and the way other mammals show their emotions. Our emotional displays are adapted from a more basic set of emotional displays common to many mammals. The emotional displays are inherited, automatic and are difficult to control with our conscious mind. They are operated by the more ancient unconscious mind. Modern research has shown that it is extremely difficult to avoid giving signs of our emotions.
A German translation of "The Expression" appeared in 1872; Dutch and French versions followed in 1873 and 1874. A second edition of the book, with only minor alterations, was published in 1890.
Celestine (mineral)
Celestine is a blue mineral which is the main source of the element strontium. It is found as strontium sulfate (SrSO). Strontium is used in fireworks and in some metal alloys.
Dream Market
Dream Market is an online darknet market started in late 2013. Dream Market works on a hidden service of the Tor network. This allows online users to browse anonymously and securely while dodging possible monitoring of traffic. The marketplace sells many things, including drugs, stolen data, and fake goods, using the Bitcoin, BitcoinCash and Monero cryptocurrencies. Dream provides an escrow service, with disputes handled by staff. The market also has forums, hosted on a different URL.
After the takeovers and shutdowns of the AlphaBay and Hansa markets in July 2017, there was much speculation that Dream Market would become the main darknet marketplace. Many sellers and buyers from AlphaBay and Hansa communities registered on Dream Market.
At the time, Dream Market was reported to have "57,000 listings for drugs and 4,000 listings for opioids".
Dream Administrator and vendor Gal Vallerius was arrested in August 2017, after a border search of his laptop confirmed his identity as online drug seller OxyMonster. $500,000 USD in the cryptocurrency Bitcoin was discovered on his laptop. Vallerius is the subject of an continuing investigation about large online narcotics purchases which began in February 2016.
After the recent seizures of other markets, the accounts of a number of Dream Market vendors came under the control of Dutch law enforcement. As the market remains in operation, and no official statement has been released by Dutch authorities regarding this matter, it is not known how these accounts were compromised, though some researchers suggest that shared credentials are to blame.
On September 13th, Dream users reported the loss of funds from their accounts in posts to forums such as reddit. In a post to the markets' news page, Staff later confirmed that a hard drive failure caused the issue and promised to refund the lost funds. The issue has not yet been resolved, and it is not known how many (if any) users have had their prior balance compensated.
Canadian Shield
The Canadian Shield is also called the Laurentian Plateau, or "" (French).
It is a large area of exposed Precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks (geological shield). It is the ancient geological core of the North American continent (the North American Craton or Laurentia).
A continuation of the shield is in west Greenland, to which it was once connected. In the United States the shield is mostly covered with much younger rocks and sediment.
The Canadian Shield round Hudson Bay is covered with shallow soil. Its main industrial use is for mining.
Arnold R. Hirsch
Arnold Richard Hirsch (March 9, 1949 – March 19, 2018) was an American historian. He was born in Rogers Park, Chicago, Illinois. He taught at the University of New Orleans, where he served as Ethel and Herman L. Midlo Endowed Chair for New Orleans Studies. Hirsch published "Making the Second Ghetto: Race and Housing in Chicago, 1940-1960."
Hirsch died on March 19, 2018 of complications from Lewy body dementia in Oak Park, Illinois, aged 69.
Huntington Park, California
Huntington Park is a city in the Gateway Cities district of southeastern Los Angeles County, California.
As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 58,114, down from 61,348 at the 2000 census.
Huntington Park was made in 1906 as a streetcar suburb for workers in the rapidly expanding industries to the southeast of downtown Los Angeles. To this day, about 30% of its residents work at factories in nearby Vernon and Commerce.
Vernon, California
Vernon is a city five miles (8.0 km) south of downtown Los Angeles, California. The population was 112 at the 2010 United States Census, the smallest of any incorporated city in the state (and the nearest to downtown Los Angeles).
The city is made of industrial areas and touts itself as "exclusively industrial". Meatpacking plants and warehouses are common. As of 2006, there were no parks in the city.
Commerce, California
Commerce is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County, California, United States. The population was 12,823 at the 2010 census, up from 12,568 at the 2000 census.
It is bordered by Vernon on the west, Los Angeles on the northwest, East Los Angeles on the north, Montebello on the east, Downey and Bell Gardens on the south, and Maywood on the southwest.
The Los Angeles River forms part of its southwestern boundary. It is usually referred to as the "City of Commerce" to distinguish it from the common noun.
West Midlands Trains
West Midlands Trains (WMT) is a British train operating company based in Birmingham, England. It operates passenger trains on the West Midlands franchise between London and the West Midlands under two trade names: West Midlands Railway (WMR) (within the West Midlands region) and London Northwestern Railway (LNR) (outside the West Midlands region). The company took over from London Midland on 10 December 2017.
It is owned by a consortium of three companies: Abellio, JR East and Mitsui Group.
The company provides direct LNWR trains mainly between London and Birmingham, with some trains going to Watford, Tring, Milton Keynes, Crewe and Liverpool. WMR provide direct trains between Birmingham and towns such as Shrewsbury, Rugeley, Wolverhampton, Walsall, Stratford-upon-Avon, Nuneaton, Redditch and Hereford.
Buddy Bolden
Tuscarawas County, Ohio
Tuscarawas County is a county in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2010 census, the population was 92,582. The county seat is New Philadelphia.
Uhrichsville, Ohio
Uhrichsville is a city of Tuscarawas County in the state of Ohio, United States. The population was 5,413 at the 2010 census. Claymont City School District is the major education provider for the city of Uhrichsville and for the village of Dennison, Ohio. Uhrichsville Water Park opened in June 2008. It is heated and features slides, waterfalls, buckets, and a water jungle-gym.
The name Novichok is used for a number of chemical compounds that have been used as nerve agents (similar to nerve gas) from the 1970s to at least the 1990s in the Soviet Union. There are 3–5 different substances, all called Novichok. The exact formula of these agents is unknown. The following facts are known or likely:
In 2018, former Russian spy Sergei Skripal and his daughter were poisoned using Novichok. Novichok was also the agent in the 2018 Amesbury poisonings. It is likely that Alexei Navalny was poisoned using Novichok in 2020.
Heather Langenkamp
Sandra Peabody
Otrera
In Greek mythology, Otrera (; , "Otrērē") was a queen of the Amazons. She was the daughter of Eurus (the east wind). She was a lover of the god Ares. Their children were Hippolyta, Antiope, Melanippe, and Penthesilea.
Penthesilea
Ronny Jackson
Ronny Lynn Jackson (born May 4, 1967) is an American politician and medical doctor. He is the U.S. Representative from Texas since 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party.
He was the Physician to the President, and United States Navy Rear admiral. Jackson was first appointed to the role of physician to the President on July 25, 2013, by Barack Obama, he was re-hired by Donald Trump after his election in 2016. He stepped down from the position on April 28, 2018.
On March 28, 2018, President Trump announced his plans to nominate Jackson as United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs, replacing David Shulkin. On April 26, 2018, Jackson withdrew his nomination as Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
In December 2019, he announced his plans to run for the United States House of Representatives in Texas during the 2020 election. He won the election in November 2020.
Jackson was born Levelland, Texas. He studied at Texas A&M University and at the University of Texas Medical Branch.
Jackson began his active duty naval service in 1995 at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, where he completed his internship in Transitional Medicine.
In 2001, Jackson returned to Portsmouth Naval Medical Center to begin his residency in emergency medicine, finishing at the top of his class and receiving the honor graduate designation.
In 2006, while in Iraq, Jackson was selected as a White House physician. Since arriving at the White House, he has directed the Executive Health Care for the President’s Cabinet and Senior Staff, served as physician supervisor for the Camp David Presidential Retreat, held the position of physician to the White House and led the White House Medical Unit as its director.
In July 2013, President Barack Obama hired Jackson to be his personal physician. In 2016, President-elect Donald Trump said he would re-hire Jackson to remain as his personal physician as well. He was nominated to the rank of rear admiral (upper half) on March 23, 2018. He resigned from the position on April 28, 2018.
On March 28, 2018, Trump fired Secretary David Shulkin and Jackson was selected by Trump as Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
On April 26, 2018, Jackson withdrew his nomination as Secretary of Veterans Affairs amidst widely publicized allegations of misconduct and mismanagement while serving in the White House.
On December 9, he filed to run as a Republican for Congress in Texas's 13th congressional district. He won the Republican primary and eventually won the November 2020 election.
Eurystheus
Victor Kalashnikov
Victor Mikhailovich Kalashnikov (; 16 July 1942 – 27 March 2018) was a Russian small arms designer/ He was known for developing the PP-19 Bizon submachine guns. He was the son of Mikhail Kalashnikov. He was born in Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union. He began his weapon designing career in 1966 by conducting a series of tests of the AK-47.
Kalashnikov died at a university hospital in Izhevsk, Russia on 27 March 2018 at the age of 75.
Cycnus (son of Ares)
In Greek mythology, Cycnus ( - "swan") was a cruel and bloodthirsty bandit. The son of Ares and Pelopia (or Pyrene), he seized control of the sacred grove of Apollo at Itonos in southern Thessaly, as he murdered pilgrims and stole offerings intended for the god. (Other sources say he dwelt by the river Echedorus in Macedonia). He faced off against Herakles in single combat, and ultimately lost despite the support he received from his father. He was afterwards transformed into a swan () and placed amongst the stars as the constellation Cygnus.
Peter Munk
Peter Munk (November 8, 1927 – March 28, 2018) was a Hungarian-born Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He founded and chaired Barrick Gold, the world's largest gold-mining corporation.
Munk was founder, chairman and CEO of Trizec Properties (formerly TrizecHahn Corporation), one of the largest American real estate investment trusts. In 2006, Trizec Properties was sold to Brookfield Properties.
Munk died in Toronto on March 28, 2018 of heart failure at the age of 90.
Tatiana Maslany
Tatiana Gabriele Maslany (born September 22, 1985) is a Canadian actress. She is known for playing multiple roles in the science fiction television series "Orphan Black" (2013–2017).
Maslany won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series in 2016. Maslany became the first Canadian actor from a Canadian series to win an Emmy Award in a key dramatic category.
Eric McClintock
Sir Eric Paul McClintock (13 September 1918 – 27 March 2018) was an Australian former public servant and businessman. He was born in Gulgong, New South Wales.
McClintock was known for serving as Chairman of Woolworths Limited from 1980 to 1987. He was a speech writer for future Prime Minister John McEwen, then Minister for Trade, and served as First Assistant Secretary, Department of Trade 1958-61.
He was NSW campaign chair for the Australian Prospectors & Miners' Hall of Fame (now defunct).
McClintock died in Sydney on 27 March 2018 at the age of 99.
Verónica Echegui
Verónica Fernández Echegaray (born 16 June 1983), known professionally as Verónica Echegui, is a Spanish actress.
Echegui has been nominated for three Goya Awards. She is known for her roles in "My Name Is Juani", "My Prison Yard" and "Kathmandu Lullaby".
In 2018, she made her American debut appearing in the FX series "Trust" playing one of J. Paul Getty's girlfriends, Luciana, alongside Donald Sutherland.
Chalo Chatu
Chalo Chatu is an Internet encyclopedia project in the English language that is documenting the entire Zambia only covering historical events and current events, notable public figures, companies, organizations, websites, national monuments and other notable key features of Zambia. The website is free of charge: users do not pay but they can choose to donate to the Chalo Chatu Foundation. It is "open content", this means anyone can copy it. It is also the largest and only online encyclopedia in Zambia. The name Chalo Chatu translated as our world in the Zambian local language. Chalo Chatu was started on June 1, 2016 by Jason Mulikita. Chalo Chatu is owned by a Zambian organization, Chalo Chatu Foundation, which is in Lusaka.
Chalo Chatu was launched on June 1, 2016. It was launched as an English-language at www.chalochatu.org and has been active since. Chalo Chatu was launched under ther policy of well written, balanced, neutral, and encyclopedic.
Chalo Chatu is a free site just like Wikipedia that anybody can start or edit a page but for you to edit on Chalo Chatu one has to be a registered and verified user with a website.
Inonge Wina
Inonge Mutukwa Wina (born April 2, 1941) is a Zambian politician and the current Vice President of Zambia since 2015. She is the first woman to hold the position in Zambia, making her the highest ranking woman in the history of the Zambian government.
She was married to Arthur Wina, an independence fighter, former minister and academic who died on 3 September 1995.
Tracheid
Tracheids are long cells in the xylem of vascular plants. They transport water and mineral salts. Tracheids are one of two types of elements in the xylem, vessel elements being the other. Tracheids do not have perforation plates; vessel elements do. These define vascular plants, as opposed to non-vascular plants.
All tracheary elements get a thick lignified cell wall. When the plant is mature, the protoplast has broken down and disappeared. Tracheids have two functions. They transport material and provide structural support.
The secondary walls have thickenings in various forms: rings, spirals, networks or as extensive thickenings except where there are pits. Tracheids provide most of the structural support in softwoods, where they are the major cell type.
Because tracheids have a much larger surface area to volume ratio compared to vessel elements, they hold water against gravity (by adhesion) when transpiration is not occurring. This mechanism helps plants prevent air embolisms.
The term "tracheid" was introduced by Carl Sanio in 1863, originally as "Tracheide", in German.
Kirchheim unter Teck (Alemannic German: "Kircha") is a town in southern Baden-Württemberg in Germany. It has 40,000 people. It is named after the mountain Teck. It isn't far away from Stuttgart. It is in a mountain group named Schwäbische Alb.
Robert Towne
Robert Towne (born Robert Bertram Schwartz, November 23, 1934) is an American screenwriter, producer, director and actor.
Towne was part of the New Hollywood wave of filmmaking. He is best known for his Academy Award-winning original screenplay for Roman Polanski's "Chinatown" (1974). Towne also wrote the sequel, "The Two Jakes" (1990).
Towne is also known for his screenplays for "The Last Detail" (1973) and "Shampoo" (1975); and the first two "" movies.
Towne directed the sports dramas "Personal Best" (1982) and "Without Limits" (1998), the crime thriller "Tequila Sunrise" (1988), and the romantic crime drama "Ask the Dust" (2006).
Emiliano Mondonico
Emiliano Mondonico (9 March 1947 – 29 March 2018) was an Italian professional footballer and coach. He played as a winger. In 1966 he was signed by Cremonese, with whom he played one season in Serie D and one season.
Mondonico began his managerial career with the Cremonese youth team in 1979. In 1981, he became manager of the senior team.
In 1990, he joined Torino, where he won the Mitropa Cup over Pisa and finished in fifth-place in the league during the 1990–91 season.
In 2012, Mondonico was fired as head coach by Novara and later retired.
Mondonico died on 29 March 2018 from stomach cancer in Milan at the age of 71.
José Hugo Garaycoa Hawkins
José Hugo Garaycoa Hawkins (2 June 1930 – 27 March 2018) was a Peruvian Roman Catholic bishop.
Garaycoa Hawkins was born in Callao, Peru and was ordained to the priesthood in 1961. He served as titular bishop oh Horæa and auxiliary bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lima, Peru, from 1982 to 1991. He then served as Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tacna y Moquegua, Peru, from 1991 to 2006.
Garaycoa Hawkins died on 27 March 2018 in Lima, Peru at the age of 87.
S/PDIF
James C. Irwin
James Clarence Irwin (June 7, 1929 – March 21, 2018) was an American military personnel. He was a retired vice admiral in the United States Coast Guard. He was Vice Commandant from 1986 to 1988. Irwin was born in Des Moines, Iowa.
Irwin died on March 21, 2018 of Alzheimer's disease in Chandler, Arizona at the age of 88.
John W. Vogt
John Willard Vogt (December 28, 1936 – March 21, 2018) was an American engineer and politician. He was born in Lake Wales, Florida. He studied at the University of Florida. He served in the Florida Senate from 1972 to 1988. Vogt was a member of the Democratic Party.
Vogt died on March 21, 2018 at the age of 81 from pulmonary fibrosis in Tallahassee, Florida.
Mike Harrison (musician)
Mike Harrison (3 September 1945 – 25 March 2018) was an English musician and singer. He was known as a principal lead singer of Spooky Tooth. He has also been the lead singer in The V.I.P.s, Art and the Hamburg Blues Band, among others.
Harrison died in Carlisle, Cumbria on 25 March 2018 at the age of 72.
Eugène Van Roosbroeck
Eugène Van Roosbroeck (13 May 1928 – 28 March 2018) was a Belgian racing cyclist. He was born in Noorderwijk (Antwerp province). He won a gold medal in team road race at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, together with Lode Wouters and Leon De Lathouwer.
Roosbroeck died on 28 March 2018 in Noorderwijk at the age of 89.
Stephen Reinhardt
Stephen Roy Reinhardt (March 27, 1931 – March 29, 2018) was an American circuit judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit serving from 1980 until his death in 2018. He was the last federal appeals court judge in active service to have been appointed by President Jimmy Carter. He was a Democrat. Reinhardt was born in New York City.
Reinhardt died in Los Angeles, California on March 29, 2018 from a heart attack at the age of 87.
Melrose Park is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. It is a suburb of Chicago, 14 miles by road. As of the 2010 census it had a population of 25,411.
The suburb was the home of Kiddieland Amusement Park from 1929 until 2010 (it closed in September 2009 before it was demolished), the Shrine of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel, and Stern Pinball, Inc., which is now the world's last manufacturer of coin-operated pinball machines.
Alanna Ubach
Alanna Noel Ubach (born October 3, 1975) is an actress, vocal artist and singer of Mexican, Puerto Rican, and Spanish descent. She is known for her roles in "Coco" as Mama Imelda, "Legally Blonde" as Serena McGuire, "Meet the Fockers" as Isabel Villalobos, Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce as "Joe", and Bombshell as "Jeanine Pirro". She is also known for singing "La Llorona" and "La Bruja" in "Coco Live at the Hollywood Bowl".
Downey, California
Downey is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County, California, United States, southeast of Los Angeles. It is thought to be part of the Gateway Cities.
The city is the birthplace of the Apollo space program, and is the hometown of Richard and Karen Carpenter. It is also the home of the oldest still operational McDonald's restaurant in the world. As of the 2010 census, the city had a total population of 111,779.
Downey is sister cities with Guadalajara, Mexico; San Quintín, Baja California, Mexico; Ensenada, Mexico; Fresnillo, Mexico; and Alajuela, Costa Rica.
Elmarie Wendel
Elmarie Louise Wendel (November 23, 1928 – July 21, 2018) was an American actress and singer. She was known for her roles as Mrs. Dubcek on "3rd Rock from the Sun" and as Gina, an assembly line worker at the aviation factory on "The George Lopez Show".
Wendel died on July 21, 2018 at the age of 89.
Prince Eunjeon
Prince Eunjeon (hangul:은전군, hanja:恩全君, August 14, 1759 - August 26, 1778) was a royal family member of the Joseon dynasty in Korea. His real name is Yi Chan (hangul:이찬, hanja:李禶).
He is an illegitimate son of Crown Prince Sado. His mother is Lady Park Bing-ae, a concubine of Crown Prince Sado. In January 1761, his father killed his mother with a knife, caused by insanity.
Oldest dated rocks
The oldest dated rocks on Earth are of several different types.
1. There are early rocks recovered from the Moon. This is relevant because the Moon was once part of the Earth: see giant impact hypothesis. During Apollo 16, Lunar sample 67215, dated at 4.46 billion years, was brought back. Lunar sample 67215 is the oldest known rock on Earth, even though it came from the Moon.
2. The oldest material of terrestrial origin that has been dated is a zircon mineral 4.404 ±0.008 billion years old. It was in the Jack Hills of Western Australia. The oldest consistently-dated zircon is closer to 4.35 billion years ago.
3. The oldest rock formation on Earth may be the Acasta Gneiss in the Canadian Shield in the Northwest Territories, Canada. It is composed of the Archaean igneous and gneissic cores of ancient mountain chains that have been exposed by glacial action. Again it was dated by analysis of zircons in the rocks.