AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
King was given a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1987. As of 2009, he has won 15 Grammy Awards, of which ten have been the Grammy Award for Best Traditional Blues Album :in 2009 (for One Kind Favor), 2005 (B. B. King & Friends: 80), 2003 (for A Christmas Celebration of Hope), 2001 (for Riding with the King), 2000 (for Blues on the Bayou), 1994 (for Blues Summit), 1992 (for Live at the Apollo), 1991 (for Live at San Quentin), 1986 (for My Guitar Sings the Blues) and 1984 (for Blues 'N' Jazz).
Some important albums are:
On DVD:
For a complete discographie visit MusicBrainz.
Atlas cedar
The Atlas cedar ("Cedrus atlantica") is a large coniferous tree of the cedrus genus and is native to the Atlas Mountains of North Africa. It is conical in shape when younger and is a more open shape when mature. It grows to 40m in height. The bark is silvery grey with deep cracks. The leaves of the Atlas cedar are 2.5 cm long, pointed, usually 4 sided and dark green to glaucous blue in colour. The female cones are 6–10 cm long, barrel-shaped, green when young, becoming brown as they mature.
Cedrus libani
Cedrus libani, the cedar of Lebanon or Lebanon cedar is a large coniferous tree of the "cedrus" genus, it is native to the eastern Mediterranean Sea from Lebanon to Turkey. The tree grows to a maximum height of 40m and 10m wide, with a trunk of 2.5m covered in thick, scaly, black, grey-brown bark. When young it is conical in shape but as it matures it becomes flatter on top and more open in structure. The pointed, needle-shaped leaves are glaucous-blue to dark green in colour, 4 sided and about 2.5 cm long. The female cones are a dullish green when young, maturing to brown, 6–10 cm long and barrel-shaped.
The Cedar of Lebanon has great landscaping value and is widely planted in park and large gardens.
Erica Abi Wright (born February 26, 1971), better known by her stage name Erykah Badu (), is an American singer-songwriter, record producer, and actress. She rose to fame in 1997 when she released her critically well liked first album, "Baduizm". For this album she received two Grammy Awards. Badu has won a total of four Grammy Awards out of nineteen nominations. Her songs include parts from R&B, hip hop and jazz. Badu is best known for her role in the rise of the neo soul sub-genre, and for her eccentric, creative musical stylings and sense of fashion. She is known as the "Queen of Neo-Soul".
Badu has three children.
Kara Tointon
Army cadet force
The Army Cadet Force is a youth organisation in Great Britain, where members train in military skills.
It was founded in 1859, and had its official 150th birthday in 2010, marked by the Cadet 150 celebrations.
The ACF gives a lot of youth in the UK an ability to change their lives with the opportunieties it offers for the little money, they offer a lot of courses you can do on summer camps etc. for example the Summer Mountain Foundation Course (SMF) this is a CCAT course which is very cheap for the cadets to do and a challenge for them as well, a lot of these courses can be used in the civilian lives where they can be put down on their CV's.
in the army cadets you will progress through a rank structure which will improve the cadets team work and their thinking skills while they are under pressure.
Cantor set
The Cantor set is a subset of real numbers with certain properties that are interesting to mathematicians. These properties relate to topology, measurement, geometry, as well as set theory. Some of them are:
The set is named after Georg Cantor. Henry John Stephen Smith discovered it in 1875, and Cantor first described it in 1883.
The set is made by starting with a line segment and repeatedly removing the middle third. The Cantor set is the (infinite) set of points left over. The Cantor set is "more infinite" than the set of natural numbers (1, 2, 3, 4, etc.). This property is called uncountability. It is related to the Smith–Volterra–Cantor set and the Menger Sponge. The Cantor set is self-similar.
Kisarazu Air Field
The air field is north northwest of Kisarazu, Chiba Prefecture. Private charter jets also use the airport
JGSDF Kisarazu is home to the JGSDF 1st Helicopter Brigade. These forces are part of the Central Readiness Force.
The immediate JGSDF response to the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami included helicopters from the 1st Helicopter Unit.
After the Fukushima nuclear disaster, helicopters from Kisarazu sprayed seawater from above the plant onto the damaged reactor.
Kisarazu Air Field was originally established in 1936 as a base for the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service in the Yokosuka Naval District.
After the end of World War II, the base was used by the United States Air Force (USAF) as "Kisarazu Air Base".
In 1955, the runway was expanded to multiple jet bomber operational length.
In 1956, control of the base was officially transferred to the Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF). Some USAF units remained.
By the 1960s, the US only used Kisarazu to repair United States Navy jets stationed on aircraft carriers in the Pacific. The US military units at this air field were withdrawn.
In 1968, the JASDF relocated to Iruma Air Base, and Kisarazu was transferred to JGSDF.
Lucretius
Titus Lucretius Carus (ca. 98 BC – ca. 55 BC) was a Roman poet and philosopher. He is known for "De rerum natura" (in English:"On the Nature of the Universe"). It is an epic philosophical work about the beliefs of Epicureanism.
There are not any details about his life. Saint Jerome tells of how he became insane because of a love potion and wrote his poetry in between fits of insanity. Modern scholarship thinks this was just used to explain how he behaved. The "De rerum natura" had a large affect on the Augustan poets, including Virgil and Horace. The work were lost for a time. It was later found in a monastery in Germany. This work played an important part both in the development of atomism and in the efforts of many people of the Enlightenment era to build a new Christian humanism.
Philip Jaisohn
Philip Jaisohn (7 January 1864 – 5 January 1951) was a Korean doctor, surgeon, journalist, politician and educator. His Korean name was Seo Jae-pil (). It was anglicized. His nicknames were Songjae (송재; 松齋), Ssanggyeong (쌍경; 雙慶) and his Chinese style name was Yun Kyung (윤경;允卿). His other name was Philip Jason, a penname was N. S. Osia.
Seo Jae-Pil (Jaisohn's original name) was born as the second son of a local magistrate, and was raised by one of his relatives in Seoul. When Seo Jae-Pil was a teenager, he already imbued modern political ideas in association with reformist leader Kim Okgyun.
He passed the civil service exam at the age of 18, one of the youngest persons to ever pass this exam, and became a junior officer in 1882. In the following year, he was sent to Japan where he studied both at the Keio Gijuku (the forerunner of the Keio University) and the Toyama Army Academy.
In 1884, Seo Jae-Pil, following Kim Okgyun, was involved in the Kapsin Coup, a radical attempt to overturn the old regime and establish equality among people. He was appointed the Vice-Minister of Defense. The coup was aborted in three days, as China intervened by sending military troops. Convicted of treason, Seo Jae-Pil lost his whole family and had to flee Korea to save his life.
In the United States, Seo Jae-Pil attended the Harry Hillman Academy (Wilkes-Barre, PA) thanks to the help of John Welles Hollenback. He began to use the name "Philip Jaisohn" at that time. In 1890, he became the first Korean-American to acquire United States citizenship. He studied medicine at George Washington University, and was the first Korean to receive an American medical degree in 1892.
In 1894, he married Muriel Armstrong, a niece of the former president of the United States, James Buchanan, and daughter to the U.S. Postmaster General, and had two daughters later—Stephanie and Muriel.
In 1894, Japan defeated China in the war which occurred in the Korean Peninsula, and Korean cabinet was filled with reformists. Along with these political changes, the treason of the Kapsin Coup were pardoned enabling Jaisohn's return (1895). In Korea, he endeavored to politically educate people. Most of all, Jaisohn published a newspaper, "The Independent" (독립신문), to transform Korean people into an informed citizenry. He for the first time started to print his newspaper entirely in Korean language!Asian to extend readership to lower classes and women. He promoted national independence as the principal political ideal and emphasized neutral diplomatic approaches to protect Korea from China, Russia and Japan. He also underscored the importance of public education, modernized industry and public hygienes. The Independence was particularly critical of misconducts of government officials, which brought wide reactions from the conservatives. Under the aegis of the Independence Club, Jaisohn organized the All People's Congress, an open public forum to debate over political issues. The Congress was hailed by young reformers and began to establish nationwide chapters. In 1898, conservatives accused Jaisohn and the Club of seeking to replace the monarchy with a republic, and the Korean government requested Jaisohn to return to the US. After his return, Korean government ordered the Club to disband and arrested 17 leaders including Rhee Syngman.
In the United States, Jaisohn conducted medical research at the University of Pennsylvania and later became a successful printer and stationer in Philadelphia. As he heard the news of the March First Movement (1919), a nationwide protest against ruthless Japanese rule in Korea, Jaisohn convened the First Korean Congress which was held in Philadelphia for three days. After the Congress, Jaisohn devoted his energies and private properties for the freedom of Korea. He organized the League of Friends of Korea in 26 cities with the help of Rev. Floyd Tomkins, and established the Korean Information Bureau and published a political journal Korea Review to inform the American public of Korean situations and to persuade the US government to support the freedom for Koreans.
Five years later (1924), Jaisohn went legally bankrupt due to his political engagement and had to resume medical profession to make a living. At age 62, he became a student again at the University of Pennsylvania to renew his medical knowledge. Since then, he published five research articles in the medical journals specialized in pathology. During World War II, he volunteered as a physical examination officer with the belief that the victory of the U.S. would bring freedom to Korea.
Jaisohn returned to Korea once again after Japan's defeat in the World War II. The U.S. Military Government which was in control of the southern part of Korea invited him to serve as the chief advisor. As the date of the first presidential election was confirmed by the United Nations, Jaisohn was petitioned to run for presidency by 3,000 people including young Kim Dae Jung, but he refused in the end. Jaisohn felt that political unity was needed for a new nation despite his uneasy relationship with the president elect Syngman Rhee. He decided to return to the United States in 1948 and died in 1951 during the Korean War.
Bruce Forsyth
Sir Bruce Joseph Forsyth-Johnson (22 February 1928 – 18 August 2017) was an English television personality, actor and dancer. He has presented "Sunday Night at the London Palladium", "Play Your Cards Right", "The Generation Game", "You Bet?" and "The Price Is Right". He presented "Strictly Come Dancing" from 2004 to 2013.
Forsyth was born in Edmonton, Middlesex. He was educated at The Latymer School.
In 2008 he was awarded the BAFTA Academy Fellowship Award, a lifetime achievement award. He received a Royal Television Society Lifetime Achievement Award on 17 March 2009. On 26 January 2011 he received the National Television Awards special recognition award.
From 1953 to 1973, Forsyth was married to Penny Calvert. They had three daughters: Debbie, Julie and Laura. According to his autobiography, he dated Miss World 1964 Ann Sidney during her reign. In a 2009 interview, Kathy Kirby said she was Forsyth's lover and that he proposed marriage. From 1973 to 1979, he was married to Anthea Redfern, who was the hostess on "The Generation Game". They had two daughters: Charlotte and Louisa. He fell in love with his fellow judge, Wilnelia Merced, at the 1980 Miss World competition. They married in 1983, and had one son together, Jonathan Joseph Forsyth Johnson (born 1987). By his six children, he had eight grandchildren and three great-grandchildren.
On 18 August 2017, Forsyth died at his home in Surrey, England of complications of bronchopneumonia, aged 89.
London Heliport
London Heliport at Battersea, London is the capital's main and busiest heliport.
It is on the south bank of the River Thames, 3 nautical miles (3.5 miles or 5.6 km) southwest of Westminster Bridge and the Palace of Westminster. It is on a jetty between Wandsworth Bridge and Battersea Railway Bridge. The nearest railway station is Clapham Junction, and the nearest tube station is Fulham Broadway.
The heliport, once owned by Westland and then Harrods, is a very small site. It uses a concrete surface on a jetty as a helipad for take-off and landing. There is onshore parking for between three and four aircraft, usually just the smaller helicopters. The heliport has landing, parking and refuelling services between 08:00 and 21:00. Flights are permitted between 07:00 and 23:00.
In 2012 it was bought by the Reuben Brothers, for £35 million. In 2016, the heliport's official name became the NetJets London Heliport, after the private jet company signed a branding deal with the owners.
The nearest main line railway station is and the nearest London Underground station is .
Bioleaching is getting metals from their ores by using living organisms. This is much cleaner than the traditional method using cyanide. Bioleaching is one of several methods used to recover copper, zinc, lead, arsenic, antimony, nickel, molybdenum, gold, silver, and cobalt.
Bioleaching uses certain types of bacteria to produce a solution called a "leachate". By leaving these bacteria with a low-grade metal ore, they can produce leachates which have a compound of that metal. Because this is in a solution it can be used in electrolysis to make the pure metal. This only produces small amounts each time, and is repeated to make it economically viable.
Francesco Guicciardini
Francesco Guicciardini (March 6, 1483 – May 22, 1540) was an Italian historian and statesman. He is considered one of the major political writers of the Italian Renaissance and the Father of Modern History. He was a friend and critic of Niccolò Machiavelli.
His family was illustrious and noble; after the usual education of a boy in grammar and elementary classical studies, his father, Piero, sent him to the universities of Ferrara and Padua, where he stayed until the year 1505. In 1512, he went to the court of the King of Aragon, Ferdinand the Catholic as ambassador.
In 1515 he became working for the Pope Leo X, who made him governor of Reggio Emilia in 1516 and of Modena in 1517.
Cyprus cedar
The Cyprus cedar ("Cedrus brevifolia") is a large coniferous member of the "cedrus" genus and is native to Cyprus where it grows in the Troödos Mountains. It is thought by some experts to be either a variety or a subspecies of the Cedar of Lebanon.
It grows to 25m in height and up to 12m in width. When young it has a conical shape but as it matures it becomes broader with a flattened top. It has bark that is silvery-grey, becoming thickened, with deep cracks as the tree ages. The needle-shaped leaves are grey-green to mid-green, but sometimes bluish-green and they are attached singly to long shoots and in dense cluster of 20-30 on short shoots. The cones are cylindrical, 7–10 cm long and green when young but maturing to a pale brown when they shed their scales and winged seeds.
Glaucous
Glaucous is a colour that is bluish-green or bluish-grey. In botany it refers to a pale bluish waxy or powdery layer on a surface such as a leaf or a fruit. In birds it refers to a pale bluish grey colour of the feathers, legs or some other part of the bird.
"Glaucous" appears in the name of some plants and birds. For example, - Glaucous Gull, "(Larus glaucescens)" or Glaucous Macaw, "(Anodorhynchus glaucus)". In botany there is the Glaucous Sedge, "(Carex flacca)" and the Glaucous Michelmas Daisy, "(Symphyotrichum laeve)".
Often grapes, plums and other fruit have a glaucous waxy or powdery layer on the surface of their skin. That layer protects the fruit from water. It can be easily rubbed off.
Sir Cliff Richard (born Harry Rodger Webb; 14 October 1940) is a British singer, musician and actor. He is the only male solo artist to have had number one singles in the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. In November 2013, Richard released his latest album, "The Fabulous Rock 'n' Roll Songbook". This is his 100th album.
Richard was born in Lucknow, India. In 1948, he and his British parents moved from India to England, first moving to Carshalton, Surrey, then to Waltham Cross, followed by Cheshunt, both in Hertfordshire.
Richard began his music career in 1958 and is still performing. His name Richard comes from Little Richard. His backing group are The Shadows. He performed the United Kingdom entry at the Eurovision Song Contest in 1968 and in 1973.
In 1980 Richard was given an OBE. In 1995, he became a Knight. This means that he has a 'Sir' in front of his name. A person is given a Knighthood by The Queen.
Between 1960 and 1963 Richard presented "The Cliff Richard Show".
In 2008 a book that he wrote about his life so far, "My Life My Way" was published. It was also released as an audiobook.
Richard is a devout Christian.
In August 2013, Richard's Berkshire home was searched by police over a claim of sexual assault on a boy aged under 16 in 1985. He was not arrested or charged.
Guido Cavalcanti
Guido Cavalcanti (1259 – August 1300) was an Italian poet from Florence. He was the best friend of Dante Alighieri as well as an influence on his thinking. Cavalcanti is one of the most important poet of Dolce stil novo, and he is widely regarded as the first major poet of Italian literature.
Cavalcanti was born into a noble Guelph family; his father was Cavalcante de Cavalcanti. In 1267 he got married to Bice, daughter of Farinata degli Uberti, leader of the Florentine Ghibellines. In 1284 he became a member of the general council, together with Brunetto Latini and Dino Compagni. On June 24 1300 he was exiled, so he went to Sarzana. On August 19 of the same year he could return in Florence, but he died after a few days, on August 29.
Guido Cavalcanti wrote sonnets and ballads. Only fifty two poems by the poet are known today. Hist best works are the canzone "Donna mi prega" ("A lady asks me"), the ballad "I' prego voi che di dolor parlate" ("I ask you that speak about suffering") and the sonnet "L’anima mia vilment’ è sbigotita" ("My soul is in distress").
Cavalcanti's poems were translated into English by Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Ezra Pound and A.S. Kline.
Kadena Air Base
The military base is in the towns of Kadena and Chatan and the city of Okinawa in Okinawa Prefecture.
During the invasion of Okinawa in 1945, the airport was bombed by the US. The damage was repaired and it became a US air base.
The American air base on this Japanese island is controversial.
Suruga Province
Suruga had borders with Izu, Kai, Sagami, Shinano, and Tōtōmi provinces. The province had access to the Pacific Ocean at Suruga Bay.
Suruga was one of the original provinces of Japan. It was established in the Nara period as part of the Taihō Code reforms.
During the Kamakura period, Suruga was controlled by the Hōjō clan.
In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between the Imperial capital at Kyoto and the main city of the Tokugawa Shogunate. The road passed through Suruga.
Tokugawa Ieyasu lived in Sumpu Castle in Suruga when he retired from the role of Shōgun. He died at Sunpu.
During the Edo period, the chief shogunate official in Sumpu was the "Sunpu jōdai".
After the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the last Tokugawa Shōgun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu retired to Suruga.
In the Meiji period, the provinces of Japan were converted into prefectures. The maps of Japan and Izu Province were reformed in the 1870s. Being located near Mt. Fuji made Suruga a popular place to make maps during the Meiji period.
"Sengen jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Suruga.
The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey is a 2012 epic fantasy and adventure movie. It is the first part of the Hobbit trilogy.
The movie took in over $1 billion overall.
Bilbo Baggins gets a request from Gandalf to go on a journey. Later that night, a group of dwarves visited Bilbo's house.
The Hobbit (movie series)
The Hobbit is a three-part fantasy movie. These parts are "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" (2012), "The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug" (2013) and "The Hobbit: The Battle of the Five Armies" (2014). The movies are based on J. R. R. Tolkien's book "The Hobbit".
Variety (botany)
In botany, variety is a rank (like species or subspecies) or a taxon in that rank. Like a subspecies, a variety gets a three-part name (a trinomial); such a variety name will include the name of the species and the variety epithet. The term "variety" is often shortened to "var." Some examples of this use are:
A variety is a plant that is different in some way, and continues to be different, from the rest of the species but is not different enough for it to be classified as a new species or as a sub-species. This difference will usually be bigger than those of a form; a form will have one or more small differences, for example, different coloured flowers, lack of thorns, variegation or different coloured leaves. These variations come about by natural evolutionary process to which most plants are subject. However, a taxonomist can use his own judgement as to at what rank he wants to recognize a different plant. What one taxonomist will call a variety, another will call just a form, or will decide not to recognize as being distinct.
Different varieties of a species will be able to breed together if given the opportunity (just like subspecies, and forms, or for that matter many species).
A variety is not to be confused with a cultivar, which is something else entirely. The name of a cultivar can be recognized because it includes an epithet that is written with initial capital letters, in a different font and is set in single quote marks as shown in these examples:
Boris Fyodorovich Godunov (, c. 1551 – ) was a famous tsar (emperor) of Russia. He ruled as a regent from about 1585 to 1598 and then as tsar from 1598 to 1605. In many ways he was a good tsar, but he had not inherited the throne. He became more and more anxious that a pretender would come who would claim to be Dmitri, the son of the previous tsar, Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible) and try to get the throne. Dmitri had actually been murdered. The story of Boris Godunov is told in Pushkin’s play "Boris Godunov" and in Mussorgsky’s opera "Boris Godunov", but the story told by Pushkin and Mussorgsky is probably not exactly how it really happened. Both Pushkin and Mussorgsky had read a book on Russian history written by the court historian Karamzin, written in 1803. Karamzin describes Godunov as a powerful tsar who was also a weak human being, but he changed some historical facts to fit in with this theory.
Boris came from a boyar family (i.e. they belonged to the nobility). His parents were dead and he was brought up at the court of the Tsar in Moscow. The Tsar who ruled was Ivan IV, known as Ivan the Terrible who really was a very cruel ruler. He ruled for more than 50 years. Boris was very close to the royal family. One of the Tsar’s sons, Fyodor, who was not very intelligent. He married Irina, the sister of Boris. The Tsar killed his eldest son. When the Tsar died he had a son Dmitry who was only two years old. Dmitri was not allowed to become tsar, because he was the son of Ivan’s 7th marriage, and the rules of the Russian Orthodox Church were that no one should be allowed to marry more than three times (of course, no one had dared to try to stop Ivan from all those marriages). So Fyodor became Tsar Fyodor I. He was not bright enough to rule himself. We would probably say that he was mentally disabled, or that he had “learning difficulties”. Boris therefore became regent: he ruled for him. Some boyars were against Boris, but Boris somehow managed to silence them. In some ways Boris did a good job. He made Russia a safer place, fighting back the Tatars in the south and making strong contacts with Europe. He built towns and fortresses, made sure that Western Siberia was firmly under Moscow’s control, and made the head of the Muscovite Church a patriarch. In 1598 Fyodor died and Irina should have become Tsarina, but she refused and went to live in a convent. The boyars voted for Boris to become Tsar.
At first everything went well, but in 1601-1603 the harvest was bad and many poor people starved. The people became angry with the Tsar, because he had made very strict rules which took away the rights of the serfs (most of the poor people were serfs). There were still several royal families in Russia. They started to plot against Boris because they saw him as a threat to themselves. Boris got lots of spies to watch these families. He accused the families of treason and sent some of them to Siberia or to monasteries in the north or Russia. One of these families were the Romanovs who were later to produce a long line of tsars.
While this crisis was happening a young man called Grigory Otrepev arrived. He was a pretender. He said that he was Dmitry, Ivan’s youngest son who had been murdered in 1591. At the time people had said that it was an accident, caused by the boy’s epilepsy. But some people thought that Boris had murdered him (or ordered him to be murdered) so that he himself could become Tsar. The pretender said that he had actually escaped from the people who were trying to murder him. The pretender got lots of people on his side, including Poles and Cossacks. He marched towards Moscow. Boris’s armies tried to stop them, but then Boris died suddenly. Dmitri (as he called himself) was able to march into Moscow and (falsely) claim the throne.
A period of chaos followed in Russia with many deaths and changes of rulers. This lasted until Micael Romanov was chosen as Tsar in 1613.
It is now thought that the Romanov family made up evidence to make things looks as if Boris Godunov had been guilty of the murder of Ivan’s son. Karamzin, who later wrote a history of Russia, made it look as if it were true that Boris had murdered him. When Pushkin wrote his play "Boris Godunov" he followed Karamzin’s version of the story and this is also the story as told in Mussorgsky’s opera "Boris Godunov".
Iced tea
Iced tea (also known as ice tea) is cold tea (drink) usually served in a glass with ice.
Sometimes, sugar is added to iced tea. This is sometimes called "sweet tea". Sometimes, fruit flavors like lemon, peach, or raspberry are added to the tea.
Many kinds of iced tea can be bought in bottles or cans.
Walter "Walt" Whitman (May 31, 1819 – March 26, 1892) was an American poet, essayist and journalist. He was an important American poet of the 19th century.
His most famous collection of poems is "Leaves of Grass", which was first published in 1855 with his own money. The work was an attempt at reaching out to the common person. Whitman kept adding to this book right up until he died of pneumonia, in 1892. It was controversial because readers thought it was obscene. It included some sexuality.
Whitman was either bisexual or homosexual. However, there is disagreement about whether Whitman had actual sexual experiences with men.
Whitman was deeply influenced by deism. He denied any one faith was more important than another, and embraced all religions equally.
Whitman first tried writing in many different popular genres. In 1850, he began writing "Leaves of Grass", a collection of poetry which he would continue working on until his death. Whitman wanted to write an epic that was clearly American, using free verse. At the end of June 1855, Whitman surprised his brothers with the first copies of "Leaves of Grass". His brother George "didn't think it worth reading".
Whitman paid for the publication of the first version of "Leaves of Grass" himself and had it printed at a local print shop. A total of 795 copies were printed. The first page was an image of Whitman, but he doesn't write his name until 500 lines into the body of the text. Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote a kind five-page letter to Whitman and praised the book to friends. The first edition of "Leaves of Grass" was very popular, but was some people didn't like the "obscene" or offensive parts of the poetry.
In the months after the first edition of "Leaves of Grass", people became more upset about the sexual themes. Because of this, the publisher almost did not release the second edition. In 1856, 20 new poems were added. Different versions of "Leaves of Grass" continued to be published throughout the rest of Whitman's life. Many famous writers like Amos Bronson Alcott and Henry David Thoreau liked the work enough to visit Whitman.
Boyar
A boyar was a member of the ruling nobility in medieval Russia and some other Slavic countries such as Bulgaria. The boyars held the most important jobs in the army. They met in a group called the duma and gave advice to the ruling prince or, in later times, the tsar. In the 13th and 14th centuries they were rich landowners who could advise the prince, but they were free to go and work for another prince if they wanted to.
In Moscow from the 15th to the 17th centuries they were a closely bonded aristocracy. There were about 200 boyar families. Their ancestors were former princes, or Moscow boyar families or foreign aristocrats. They were not nobility in the European sense. Many of them had bad manners and not many of them could read. They did not travel, and they were suspicious of anything foreign
In the 17th century they started to lose power. In the early 18th century Tsar Peter the Great abolished the title of boyar.
A pretender is someone who says that he or she has the right to be ruler. The word is often used to describe someone who claims that they have the right to be king, queen, emperor etc. They claim that the ruler who is on the throne should not be there.
Sometimes people call such a person a "claimant". The person may be an imposter (someone who is pretending to be someone else). Often they are pretending to be a prince or other royal person who is missing or whom people think is dead. However, they may have a genuine right to the throne. The word "pretend" comes from the French word "prétendre" (from the Latin "praetendo" lit. "to stretch out before"). It means: to profess, to make a loud statement. In modern English the word "pretend" means "to claim falsely".
Native American mythology
Native American mythology is the body of traditional stories associated with Native American religion.
Low Earth orbit
A low Earth orbit (LEO) is usually described as an orbit inside the area which comes from the Earth’s surface up to an altitude of . Other definitions use other numbers such as orbital eccentricity and orbital period. Satellites in LEO go around the Earth many times per day.
Satellites are put in low Earth orbit if the things they do must be done in outer space but need not be far away. Some satellites are in LEO to photograph the Earth, for example some weather satellites and Earth resource satellites. Most space telescopes are in LEO since they only have to be above the Earth's atmosphere. The International Space Station is in LEO.
Bornu Empire
Tōtōmi Province
The province had borders with Mikawa, Suruga and Shinano Provinces.
Tōtōmi was one of the original provinces of Japan established in the Nara period under the Taihō Code.
In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between Kyoto and Edo. The road passed through Tōtōmi.
"Oguni jinja" and "Kotonomamahachimangū" were the chief Shinto shrines ("ichinomiya") of Tōtōmi.
"Altitude" means height above the ground or above the sea level. Common uses include aviation (flying, parachuting, gliding), and geography/surveying. In geometry it is also used as the height of the object itself. Generally, altitude is the distance one thing is above another thing. This is in the vertical or "up" direction. For the height of the ground (such as for hills and mountains), the word elevation is also used and might be a better choice. (Mountain climbers usually use the word altitude, especially when talking about how it affects the body). Buildings and other things on the ground usually just use the word height.
Vertical distance measurements in the "down" direction are commonly referred to as depth.
In aviation, the altitude can be measured and shown in several different ways. The height is either from the average sea level (also called "Mean Sea Level" or MSL), or from the ground (also called "Above Ground Level", or AGL).
Airplanes can find their altitude by using air pressure. The air gets thinner the higher it is (and it has less pressure, because there's less air pushing down on it from above). This pressure can be measured and this can be converted into a height above sea level. The instrument for measuring altitude is the altimeter (from "altitude" and "meter"). The common pressure altimeter is a type of barometer with a dial showing distance (feet or metres) instead of atmospheric pressure.
There are several types of aviation altitude.
In simple terms, these types of altitude can be explained as ways of measuring the altitude:
The density of the air also affects how well an aircraft works. Density altitude is affected by barometric pressure, humidity and temperature. On a very hot day, density altitude at an airport (especially one at a high elevation) may be so high that aircraft can not take-off. This most often affects helicopters or an aircraft that is carrying a large amount of cargo.
The Earth's atmosphere is divided into several regions, based on altitude. The regions have different temperatures and winds and what things are in it. The regions are:
Regions on the surface of the Earth or in its atmosphere that are high above mean sea level are said to be high altitude. High altitude is often said to begin at above sea level.
At high altitude, atmospheric pressure is lower than that at sea level. This is because of two effects. These effects are gravity and the heat in the air. Gravity makes the air to be as close as possible to the ground. The amount of heat in the air makes the molecules move quickly and push against each other. This makes the air expand. So most of the air will be in the lower atmosphere, closer to sea level, and all the air pushing against each other is called air pressure. So air pressure is less the higher you go.
As the air expands from heat, it rises to where the air pressure is less. As it rises, it can expand and it begins to cool. Because of this, high altitude air is cold. This causes an alpine climate. This climate affects the ecology at high altitude.
Altitudes above start to affect humans. Humans cannot live in very high altitudes above . Atmospheric pressure decreases at high altitudes. This affects humans because there is less oxygen to breathe. This can cause illnesses such as altitude sickness, high altitude pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs), and high altitude cerebral edema (fluid in the brain, causing headaches and confusion).
The human body can deal with high altitude by breathing faster, having a higher heart rate, and changing the blood itself to have more red blood cells that can carry oxygen. This can take days or weeks to happen. This works for people who live in the high mountains, and mountain climbers. For climbers, this is called "acclimatization". Pilots and other people who go quickly to high altitudes need to be in a space suit, pressure suit, or inside a pressurized airplane, so the air is still the same as at the ground. Above , the human body cannot make the needed changes and will eventually die. Several of the world's tallest mountains are this high, the climbers usually take oxygen tanks with them, and only stay for a few hours at the highest levels.
People living at higher elevations have a higher rate of suicide. The reason is not yet known.
Focus city
In the airline industry, a focus city is an airport that is important to one airline but is not a hub. An airline has daily flights from the Focus city to many destinations that are also not its hubs. Even though the word ""city"" is part of this term, it means a city's airport, not the city.
An example of an airline's focus city is US Airways (now part of American Airlines) at Washington National Airport in Arlington, Virginia. Focus city airports can have some of the same facilities that hubs have. For example, the airline may repair or clean their aircraft at a focus city because it is cheaper. They might also have places and equipment to handle cargo.
Many low-cost carriers that mostly fly point-to-point use focus cities more than hubs. Southwest Airlines, Spirit Airlines, JetBlue Airways, Allegiant Air and WestJet in the Americas, and Ryanair, EasyJet, Norwegian Air Shuttle and Wizz Air in Europe are examples.
Standing wave
In physics, a standing wave – also called a stationary wave – is a wave that oscillates in one constant position.
The word oscillate simply describes the vibrating movement of particles in a medium when acted upon by a wave, or the regular "up and down" motion shown in the animation. Oppositely to a progressive (moving) wave, stationary waves do not transfer energy in a given direction when they oscillate.
When a guitar string is plucked, for example, a stationary wave is formed. This happens because on releasing the string, two progressive waves move down the string in opposite directions. When they reach the point where the string is tied down, they cannot move beyond this boundary. At the boundary, the wave is reflected and travels back in the opposite direction. The two reflected waves meet and interfere with one another. Superposition occurs, the opposing directions of the reflected waves cancel out resulting in one "stationary" wave.
Mexico–United States border
The United States–Mexico border is the international border between the United States and Mexico.
It runs from Imperial Beach, California, and Tijuana, Baja California, in the west to Matamoros, Tamaulipas, and Brownsville, Texas, in the east. It covers a variety of terrains, ranging from major urban areas to inhospitable deserts.
From the Gulf of Mexico it follows the course of the Rio Grande (Río Bravo del Norte) to the border crossing at El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. Westward from there it crosses vast tracts of the Sonoran and Chihuahuan Desert. Then it crosses the Colorado River Delta, west to San Diego and Tijuana before reaching the Pacific Ocean. The US-Mexican border is considered an open border.
The border's total length is , according to figures given by the International Boundary and Water Commission. It is the most frequently crossed international border in the world, with approximately three hundred fifty million (350,000,000) crossings per year.
Valeri Bure
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport , often called Dallas Airport and DFW Airport, is between the cities of Dallas and Fort Worth, Texas. It is the busiest airport in Texas. It serves the larger metropolitan area. Regional, national and international flights use this airport. Flights go to 144 domestic and 47 international destinations.
In 2010, it was the fourth busiest airport in the world in terms of aircraft movements with 652,261. it was the eighth busiest airport in the world when measured by passenger traffic, with 56,906,610 passengers in 2010. It is the main hub and largest hub for American Airlines.
The airport is in the cities of Coppell, Euless, Grapevine, and Irving. The land for DFW was purchased by both Dallas and Fort Worth in 1966, and construction began in 1969.
These airlines go to DFW Airport:
German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association
The German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association () — an association of German insurers of the nuclear industry in Cologne. The German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association also is involved in the reinsurance industry.
The first associations of insurers of the nuclear industry in Europe were founded in Sweden and England in 1955. The German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association was founded shortly thereafter in 1957. Throughout the association's history, it has only once had to pay a claim; the claim amounted to about €10,000 to €15,000.
Despite the slight probability of losses resulting from an insured event in the nuclear industry, in the event of an insured event does occur the possibilities for damages are considerable. As such a single insurance company is unable to bear such risk alone. Under German law, the transfer of a nuclear risk of an insurer to a reinsurer is prohibited. In 1998 the Atomic Energy Act established the maximum insurance liability of nuclear insurer at about €2.5 billion; for damages above that cap the Federal Government is liable according to § 34 of the Atomic Energy Act. If the total damage exceeds the stipulated maximum sum of €2.55 billion, the German Federal Government pays the German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association for the excess losses. The insurance payments include the cost of evacuating people.
Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant was insured for some tens of millions of euros with German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association. Under the terms of the insurance policy, the policyholder was not insured for damage caused by earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. Therefore the German Nuclear Reactor Insurance Association had no resulting liability to Tokyo Electric Power Company, the owner of the Fukushima I Nuclear Power Plant, because of Fukushima I nuclear accidents.
Impact of Christianity on western civilization
Christianity has been historically intertwined with Western civilization. However, it is difficult to decide what its effects were.
Through its long history, the Church has been a major source of social services such as schooling. Several universities were founded by the Church. Some historians of science, have argued that the Church had a significant, positive influence on the development of science. Some of the Church's priests have contributed to science. In various ways the Church has sought to affect Western attitudes to vice and virtue in diverse fields. It has, over many centuries, promulgated the teachings of Jesus within the Western World and remains a source of continuity linking modern Western culture to classical Western culture.
The Bible and Christian theology have also strongly influenced Western philosophers and political activists. Long held Christian teachings on sexuality and marriage have also been influential in family life.
The cultural influence of the Church has been vast. Festivals like Easter and Christmas are marked globally as public holidays; Pope Gregory XIII's Gregorian Calendar has been adopted internationally. Year numbering in the West is taken from the assumed date of the birth of the Church's founder, Jesus of Nazareth. In the list of the 100 most influential people in human history there are 65 Christian figures from various fields.
Copernicus, a Catholic priest, delayed publication of his work on heliocentrism until the year of his death. The theory attracted some attention among scientists. Decades later, Galileo Galilei took an interest in astronomy, and raised the question more prominently. This brought the attention of the Committee for Propaganda of the Catholic Church, otherwise known as the Inquisition. He was tried, convicted, and forced to retract his published belief in heliocentrism.
Centuries later, the Catholic church had lost interest in subjecting natural philosophy to dogma. The relation of the now separate Church of England to evolution was complicated by the lack of the centralised authority of a Pope. Many conservative clerics opposed evolution fiercely, whilst few liberal clerics saw conflict with their beliefs. Before he published the "On the Origin of Species", Charles Darwin feared the reaction of the church, and spent years collecting evidence as defence to the expected criticism. Long after heliocentrism was all but universally accepted, some Protestant leaders continued to resist evolution.
Jean-Pierre Houël
Jean-Pierre Houël (1735–1813) was French artist. He was painting at the time of the French Revolution. One of his well known paintings is the "Prise de la Bastille" (The Storming of the Bastille), 1789. The capture of the Bastille prison was an important event in the Revolution, and remembered with a celebration and holiday on the anniversary, known as Bastille Day.
Sagami Province
The province had borders with Izu, Musashi, Suruga provinces. Its Pacific Ocean border included Sagami Bay.
The ancient capital city of the province was near Hiratsuka.
Sagami was one of the original provinces of Japan established in the Nara period under the Taihō Code.
In the Edo period, the Tōkaidō road was the main route between Kyoto and Edo. The road passed through Sagami.
All of Sagami became part of the new Kanagawa Prefecture in 1876.
In 1906, the Imperial Japanese Navy battleship "Sagami" was named after the province.
"Samukawa jinja" was the chief Shinto shrine ("ichinomiya") of Hōki.
Young Frankenstein is a 1974 comedy movie directed by Mel Brooks starring Gene Wilder, Teri Garr, Cloris Leachman, Marty Feldman, Peter Boyle, Madeline Kahn, Kenneth Mars, Danny Goldman, David L. Lander, Michael McKean, Richard Haydn and Gene Hackman. The movie is a parody of the classical horror movie genre. In 2003, it was deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the United States National Film Preservation Board, and selected for preservation in the Library of Congress National Film Registry.
It tells the story of Frederick Frankenstein, grandson of Victor, the mad scientist whose experiments in re-animation led to the creation of a monster; to disassociate himself from his legacy, Frederick insists that his surname be pronounced "Fronk-en-steen". He has to travel to Transylvania because he has inherited his family's estate, where he meets Igor, a hunchbacked, bulging-eyed servant, and Inga.
Edward Morgan Forster OM, CH (1 January 1879 – 7 June 1970) was a British writer.
Forster was born in Marylebone, London. He attended Tonbridge School, an independent school in Tonbridge, Kent. He studied at Kings College, Cambridge.
Forster was a homosexual and wrote about homosexuality, class division and gender. His novels include "Where Angels Fear to Tread", "The Longest Journey", "A Room with a View", "Howards End", "A Passage to India" and "Maurice". He also wrote short stories, plays, essays, libretti and travel guides.
Forster died of a stroke in Coventry, Warwickshire.
United States Navy SEALs
The United States Navy Sea, Air, and Land Teams, commonly known as Navy SEALs, are the U.S. Navy's special forces. Their acronym is derived from their ability to operate at sea, in the air, and on land. In the War on Terrorism, SEALs have been utilized almost exclusively for land-based missions. All SEALs are male members of the United States Navy. The CIA, more specifically its Special Activities Division, often recruits operators from the SEAL Teams. Joint Navy SEALs and CIA operations go back to the famed MACV-SOG during the Vietnam War. Joint operations have continued, as seen in the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, and in the finding and killing of Osama bin Laden in Pakistan.
The Navy SEALs were formed in the second world war. The United States Navy found the need for covert, elite operations. As a result, the Amphibious Scout and Raider School was established in 1942 at Fort Pierce, Florida. The Scouts and Raiders were formed in September of that year, nine months after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
The first group included Phil H. Bucklew, the "Father of Naval Special Warfare," in whose honor the Naval Special Warfare Center building is named. Started in October 1942, this group saw action in November 1942 during Operation Torch, the first allied landings in Europe, on the North African coast. Scouts and Raiders also helped during landings in Sicily, Salerno, Anzio, Normandy, and southern France.