AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Some giant elliptical galaxies, particularly those at the centres of galaxy clusters, such as M87, have as many as 13,000 globular clusters. These globular clusters orbit the galaxy out to huge distances, 40 kiloparsecs (approximately 131,000 light-years) or more.
Every galaxy of sufficient mass in the Local Group has its group of globular clusters, and almost every large galaxy surveyed has a system of globular clusters. The Sagittarius Dwarf and Canis Major Dwarf galaxies appear to be in the process of donating their associated globular clusters (such as Palomar 12) to the Milky Way. This demonstrates how many of this galaxy's globular clusters might have been acquired in the past.
The first globular cluster discovered was M22 in 1665, but individual stars in a globular cluster were not seen until Charles Messier observed M4. The first eight globular clusters discovered are shown in the table. The "M" before a number refers to the catalogue of Charles Messier, while "NGC" is from the New General Catalogue.
William Herschel began a survey program in 1782 using larger telescopes and was able to resolve the stars in all 33 of the known globular clusters. In addition he found 37 additional clusters. In Herschel's 1789 catalog of deep sky objects, his second such, he became the first to use the name "globular cluster" as their description.
The number of globular clusters discovered continued to increase, reaching 83 in 1915, 93 in 1930 and 97 by 1947. A total of 152 globular clusters have now been discovered in the Milky Way galaxy, out of an estimated total of 180 ± 20. These additional, undiscovered globular clusters are believed to be hidden behind the gas and dust of the Milky Way.
Boomerang (roller coaster)
Boomerang is a coaster type made by Vekoma, named after the original boomerang. The first Boomerang began operation in 1984 at Rafaela Padilla in Puebla, México (which has since been moved to Six Flags México), and it has become one of the most repeated roller coaster designs in the world, with 41 Boomerangs operating as of 2011, another two "Standing but not operating" or in storage, and one currently under construction.
The Boomerang operates with one train with 7 cars, each capable of carrying 4 people (28 people per train). The ride starts with the train being pulled backwards out of the station, up a lift hill by a catch-car. When the catch-car reaches the end of the lift hill, it releases the train, which rolls down through the station, then into a cobra roll. After the cobra roll, it goes through a loop after which it clicks onto a chain on the second lift hill. When the train reaches the end of the second lift hill, the chain is moved down, which causes the train to roll down (as it is not attached to the chain anymore) and do the same track backwards.
Boomerang coasters have sometimes stalled, often in the cobra Roll element. As a precaution, many Boomerang coasters, are built with an access platform just under the cobra roll. Also, sometimes the train gets stuck on the second lift hill.
Semiprime
Rattle Snake
Rattle Snake (previous names "Keverbaan", "Road Runner" and "Woks Waanzin") is a steel roller coaster in Walibi Holland in the Netherlands. It was built by Zierer
Rattle Snake was built in 1994 by Walibi Flevo as "Keverbaan". When Six Flags took over the park in 2000, the name was changed to "Road Runner". Six Flags decided to paint the track brown instead of red, but later they decided to paint it back to red in 2004. After the park name was changed to Walibi World, "Road Runner" was renamed to "Woks Waanzin", but due to the name change in 2011 to Walibi Holland, the mascotte "Wok" disappeared and the coaster was renamed to Rattle Snake. It moved to another section of the park, replacing "Flying Dutchman Gold Mine". The coaster has a capacity of 1000 people per hour.
Rattle Snake on the Walibi Holland website
Bit rate
Bit rate (also called bitrate, data rate, or "R") is how fast bits move from one place to another. It is measured in bits per second (bit/s).
It is different from symbol rate and bandwidth, but part of the same group.
Renal disease
Renal disease is the name for a disease or condition that mainly affects the kidneys. Medical words for renal disease are nephropathy or nephrosis.
There are many possible causes of renal disease, including:
If renal disease gets bad enough, it can cause renal failure, where the kidneys do not work at all.
Florida, Chile
Florida is a city and commune in Chile with 10067 inhabitants and an area of 609 square kilometres, all according to the census on 2002. The city is located at 42 kilometres to the eastern of Concepción.
The city was founded on 1755 by Antonio de Seravia.
Lions Gate Entertainment
Lions Gate Entertainment, more often known as Lionsgate, is a Canadian-American motion picture and television company. It was formed in Vancouver in 1995, and is currently headquartered in Santa Monica, California. As of 2007, it is the most commercially successful independent movie and television distribution company in North America.
Lionsgate produces movies that major American studios would not accept because they are too controversial or too disturbing for major studios. Movies produced by Lionsgate include the "Saw" franchise, "Kick-Ass", Tyler Perry films and many other movies.
Powerhouse of Entertainment (formerly Entertainment Partners Ltd) is an American independent licensee, producer and distributor of entertainment programming and film and television productions in North America, with approximately 3,000,000,000 all media titles in domestic release, and approximately 450 programs internationally via sublicense agreements. For many of its titles, Image has exclusive audio and broadcast rights as well as digital download rights to approximately 2,100 video programs and over 400 audio programs containing more than 6,000 tracks. The company is headquartered between Burbank, California and Chatsworth, California.
MGM/MCA is an American entertainment company. It was formed on July 10, 1997, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada and is currently headquartered in Santa Monica, California
South Africa has eleven official languages. They are Afrikaans, English, Ndebele, Northern Sotho, Sesotho, Swazi, Setswana, Tsonga, Venda, Xhosa and Zulu. Most South Africans (over 99%) speak one of these languages as a first language. Most South Africans can speak more than one language. Prior to 1994, South Africa had only two official languages, English and Afrikaans.
All the official languages are equally spoken and recognized everywhere in South Africa even though they are dominant in their respective provinces. Sesotho(Southern Sotho) is dominant in the Free State Province, Setswana(Gauteng and North West Province), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), Tshivenda and Xitsonga in Limpopo Province, isiZulu in Kwazulu Natal province, isiXhosa in Eastern/Western Cape Province. English and Afrikaans is common in all the provinces as English is a medium of instruction. Due to people migrating to different provinces in pursuit for work, there is always a chance you'll find multiple languages spoken in certain regions however a dominant language with respect to that province will prevail.
The English version of the South African constitution calls each of these languages by its name in that language. Sotho is called Sesotho, Tswana is called Setswana, Pedi is called Sepedi, Zulu is called "isiZulu", Xhosa language is called "isiXhosa", and so on. The languages listed in the constitution are: Sesotho(Southern Sotho), Setswana(Tswana), Sepedi(Northern Sotho), isiZulu (Zulu), isiXhosa (Xhosa), Afrikaans (Afrikaans), English (English), Xitsonga (Tsonga), Siswati (Swati), Tshivenda (Venda), and isiNdebele (Southern Ndebele).
In South Africa, Southern Ndebele is known simply as "Ndebele", since most speakers of Northern Ndebele live in Zimbabwe. The 1993 version of the Constitution referred to Northern Sotho as "Sesotho sa Leboa", but the 1996 version called it "Sepedi". Different government departments and official organizations use different names for Northern Sotho.
The main language of government is English. Afrikaans and English are both important languages used in commerce. Most rich South Africans speak Afrikaans and English.
Two of the official languages are West Germanic languages (English and Afrikaans). The other nine languages are Bantu languages. Four of the Bantu languages are part of the Nguni family (Zulu, Xhosa, Swati, Ndebele). Three of the Bantu languages are Sotho-Tswana languages (Northern Sotho, Southern Sotho, Setswana). Tsonga is a Tswa-Ronga language. South Africa also has a national sign languae, South African Sign Language.
Entre A Mi Mundo
Entre A Mi Mundo (English: "Enter My World"), was the fourth studio album by Mexican-American Tejano pop singer, Selena. The album was released on May 6, 1992, a month after her marriage with Selena y Los Dinos guitarist, Chris Pérez.
The album won several awards at the Tejano Music Awards and Premio Lo Nuestro Awards. Songs like "Como La Flor" and "La Carcacha" became Selena's signature songs and helped her crossover to tour in Mexico. The duet with El Salvadoran singer, Álvaro Torres, entitled "Buenos Amgios", the song became Selena's first #1 "Billboard" song and helped her crossover to South America. To date the album had sold more than 1,200,000 copies in the United States being certified 6x Platinum by the RIAA.
Selena albums discography
This is an albums discography page for American singer Selena. The discography has her six studio albums. It also has her seventeen compilation albums that were released and three remix albums.
Selena signed with EMI Latin in 1989. She released her self-titled album that same year. In November 1990, Selena released "Ven Conmigo". The album became the first Tejano album by a female singer to reach gold status. The album peaked at number three on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart.
Selena released her third studio album, "Entre A Mi Mundo" on September 5, 1992. The album sold 500,000 copies in the United States and 600,000 copies in Mexico. It was certified gold in the United States. The album peaked at number-one on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart, number four on the Top Latin Albums chart and number 97 on the "Billboard" 200. "Entre A Mi Mundo" was certified six times platinum in Mexico.
Selena's first live album/fourth studio album was called "Selena Live!". The album had three new songs, while the others were songs sung live at a concert in Corpus Christi, Texas. The album sold 500,000 copies and was certified gold. The album also won a Grammy Award for "Best Mexican American Album". The album peaked at number-one on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart, number two on the Top Latin Albums chart and number 79 on the "Billboard" 200.
"17 Super Exitos" was released as the third compilation album in the United States. The album sold 1,200,000 copies and was certified six times platinum.
Selena released "Amor Prohibido" on March 22, 1994. The album became "Latin's Best-Selling Album of All Time". It sold 2,000,000 copies in its first year and was certified 20 times platinum. By 2002, the album sold 8,000,000 copies. In February 2011, the RIAA updated the certification to diamond status with 10,000,000 copies sold. The album peaked at number-one on both the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and the Top Latin Albums chart. It peaked at number 29 on the "Billboard" 200.
While touring on her Amor Prohibido Tour (1994-95), Selena began recording songs for her crossover album. She was signed to SBK Records, a pop sub-division of EMI Records. Selena recorded six of the planned 14 songs by January 20, 1995. On the morning of March 31, Selena was supposed to record "Oh No (I'll Never Fall in Love)" at Q-Productions. However, she was killed that morning. SBK Records then removed themselves from Selena's record deal. EMI Latin then took back Selena and began organizing the crossover album. Selena's brother and main songwriter, A.B. Quintanilla III had remixed some of Selena's most popular songs. They would become the album, "Dreaming of You".
"Dreaming of You" was released on July 18, 1995. It sold 175,000 copies the first day, a record for a pop singer. It sold 331,000 copies the first week. It debuted at number-one on the "Billboard" 200. Selena became the first Hispanic singer to have her album debut at number-one. She also became the second-fastest-selling female singer, only behind Janet Jackson. The album became the second-highest-debut for any artist, only behind Michael Jackson. The album was known as a "Historic Day in Latin History". The album also helped Selena to become a "household name". The album sold 4,000,000 copies in its first year. By 2002, the album had sold 10,000,000 copies. In February 2011, the RIAA updated the sales to 30,000,000 copies and was certified three times diamond. The album also peaked at number-one on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and Top Latin Albums chart for two years straight. The album also peaked at number-one on the New Zealand Albums Chart, Spanish Albums Chart, Portuguese Albums Chart, Mexican Albums Chart, number four on the Italian Albums Chart and number six on the Argentinian Albums Chart. "Dreaming of You" was certified gold in Canada, platinum in Spain and diamond in Italy, Mexico and Argentina.
Selena's father spoke out about wanting to keep Selena's legacy alive. He then released Selena's first album after her death; "Siempre Selena" in 1996. The album sold 200,000 copies and was certified two times platinum. The album became the official album for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. In March 1997, the was released. It sold 1,000,000 copies in one year.
In April 1998, "Anthology" was released. It was a box-set that had three compact discs with ten songs in each disc. The album peaked at number-one on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and number-one on the Top Latin Albums chart. The album peaked at number 131 on the "Billboard" 200. The album made up half of EMI Latin's 1999 sales. It was certified six times platinum for selling 1,200,000 copies in its first year.
In March 1999, "All My Hits/Todos Mis Exitos" was certified six times platinum for selling 1,200,000 copies in its first year. The album peaked at number-one on both the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and Top Latin Albums chart. It also peaked on the "Billboard" 200 chart at number 54.
In March 2000, "All My Hits/Todos Mis Exitos Vol. 2" was released. It sold 400,000 copies and was certified two times platinum. The album peaked at number-one on both the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and Top Latin Albums Chart. It also peaked on the "Billboard" 200 at number 149.
The next year, "Selena Live! The Last Concert" was released. It became Selena's second live album. The album went platinum for selling 200,000 copies. The album peaked at number-one on the Latin Pop Albums chart, number two on the Top Latin Albums chart and number 176 on the "Billboard" 200.
In 2002, Selena's father released the "20 Years of Music collection". The collection released 9-discs with comments from Selena's family, bonus tracks and music videos. The comments were spoken word about how it was like when Selena was recording the songs. "Ones" was released as the first part of the collection. The album peaked at number four on both the Top Latin Albums chart and Latin Pop Albums. The album peaked at number 159 on the "Billboard" 200. The sold 1,000,000 copies in its first year. In February 2011, the RIAA updated the sales to 10,000,000 copies and certified the album diamond.
"Greatest Hits" was released in 2003. It had most of Selena's English-language songs. The album peaked at number 115 on the "Billboard" 200.
In March 2004, "Momentos Intimos" was released. The album had an unreleased song. The album peaked at number seven on the Regional Mexican Albums chart. It also peaked at number 11 on the Top Latin Albums chart.
During the tenth anniversary of Selena's death, "Unforgettable" was released. It was a collection that had a one disc edition and a two-disc edition. Both editions peaked in "Billboard"s charts in 2005. The "Selena ¡VIVE!" soundtrack was released. It peaked at number-one on the Mexican Albums Chart and Spanish Albums Chart in 2005. A year later, "Dos Historias" was released. It peaked at number three on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart and number 21 on the Top Latin Albums chart.
In 2007, the album "Through the Years/A Traves de los Años" was released. It contained an unreleased song. The song was recorded when Selena was seven years old. The album was certified gold and peaked at number 28 on the Top Latin Albums chart. In the same year, "Forever Selena" was released. The box-set was similar to "Anthology" (1998). Also released in the same year, "Serie Verde" was released as a low-budget album.
In March 2009, the box set "Inolvidable" was released. It had songs from "Alpha" (1986) and "Muñequito de Trapo" (1987). The box-set had an unreleased song.
In March 2010, the box-set "La Leyenda" was released. It peaked at number four on the Latin Regional Mexican Albums chart, number seven on the Top Latin Albums chart, number 29 on the Mexican Albums Chart and 81 on the Canadian Albums Chart. The album had a booklet with comments from fans around the world. It also had messages from Selena's family and record label. In June 2011, "10 Great Songs" was released. It was released as a low-budget album.
Selena's brother and father are working on an upcoming project to be released in 2012. It will be a remix album.
Selena has sold over 21 million copies in the United States. She was called "The Queen of Tejano music" and the widely known Mexican-American singer and most popular Latin artist in the United States. Selena was named the "Best selling Latin artist of the decade" and "Best Latin artist of the '90s" by "Billboard" magazine.
Selena y Los Dinos (album)
Selena y Los Dinos is the debut album by Mexican-American Tejano pop band Selena y Los Dinos. The album was released on July 16, 1984 under Freddie Records, an independent studio label in South Texas. Selena's father, Abraham Quintanilla Jr, removed his children from Freddie Records after he had told him that Selena would never become a famous singer, could not bring in large crowds, and wasn't professionally ready to release a full-length album. Selena was also underpaid because she was a female in a male-dominate genre and no could understand a female singer lead a Tejano band. She was made fun of and even booed off-stage by Tejano fans. Undetermined, Abraham moved his children to Cara Records. The album was re-released in 1995, after Selena's murder, entitled "Mis Primeras Grabcaciones" (English: "My First Recordings")
The New Girl in Town
The New Girl in Town is the second released album by Selena Y Los Dinos. The album has ten tracks. Some of them were covers of songs performed by other artists before Selena. The rest were written by Selena's father Abraham Quintanilla, Jr.
When Selena and her band did not receive much support from Freddie Martinez, the founder of Freddie Records, Abraham Quintanilla Jr, the father of Selena, began searching for another record label for the band. In the summer of 1984, "Cara Records" contacted him who had heard Selena during a recent concert and so they can sign "Selena y Los Dinos". Selena began to record tracks for her new album "The New Girl In Town" in late 1984. Cara Records released the album in 1985, but had to withdraw it after only two months due to conflicts with various song rights. Quintanilla then moved the band to the Manny Guerra labels GP Productions and RP Productions/Record Producer from 1985–1989, and finally to EMI in 1989. The song "Oh Mama" on Cara Records became very popular leading to appearances by Selena y Los Dinos on television shows like the "Johnny Canales Show".
Alpha (album)
Alpha is the third album released by Selena Y Los Dinos.
The album was re-released in 2006 entitled "Classic Series Vol. 1".
Nearly all tracks are new mixes. They are different versions than on the original Alpha album.
Dreaming of You (album)
Dreaming of You is the last studio album recorded by American singer Selena. It was released on July 18, 1995 by EMI Records and EMI Latin. It was re-released on September 24, 2002 as part of the "Selena: 20 Years of Music" collection, which included bonus tracks, music videos and spoken liner notes by her family, friends, and her former band. "Dreaming of You" contains unreleased English and Spanish-language songs while also containing previously released songs that were remixed with dance hall and reggae. The first half of "Dreaming of You" contains mid-tempo R&B ballads and pop songs, while the rest of "Dreaming of You" contains Latin music.
By 1993, EMI Latin believed Selena was ready to release a crossover album. They believed she was ready because she had won a Grammy Award and other awards, signed a sponsorship tour with Coca-Cola, dominated the Latin music charts, and expanded the Tejano Music Movement across the United States (the Tejano Music Movement, which was a movement in Texas at the time, helped other people enjoy Tejano music and it becoming a popular trend). They also believed Selena had reached her peak in the Spanish-language market and they wanted to launch her into a career as an American solo pop artist. She was partnered with major pop music producers, some of whom were Grammy Award winners. The record company wanted to change Selena's musical styles from Tejano to contemporary R&B music. While Selena was recording songs, a crossover tour was being planned. On March 31, 1995, before "Dreaming of You" was scheduled to be released, Selena was killed by Yolanda Saldivar, who was a friend and manager of her clothing stores.
"Dreaming of You" debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart, and sold more than 331,000 copies in its first week. Selena became the first Hispanic singer to have an album, mostly in Spanish, to debut at number one. It went on to become the second-highest-selling debut album, behind Michael Jackson. On the date of release, "Dreaming of You" sold 175,000 copies, which helped Selena to become the second-fastest selling female artist, behind Janet Jackson. "Dreaming of You" had mixed to positive reviews from music critics, who many believed if Selena was alive to further promote the album, that it would have performed better on music charts globally. "Dreaming of You" won several awards including every award it was nominated at the 1996-98 Tejano Music Awards and the 1996-97 Premio Lo Nuestro awards.
Several tracks from the album were released as singles in the United States and other countries. The title track, became instantly popular on radios throughout the United States. It peaked at number 22 on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart and was able to reach the top 20 in many other charts. "I Could Fall in Love" also had the same success of the title track and peaked at number two on the Hot Latin Tracks and number eight on the Hot 100 Airplay chart. "I'm Getting Used to You" peaked at number eight on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles. The single "Tú Sólo Tú" peaked at number one on both the Hot Latin Tracks and Latin Regional Mexican Airplay charts. Songs such as "Captive Heart", "Techno Cumbia", "Como La Flor" and "Missing My Baby", which were not released as a single, managed to peaked on "Billboard" charts including; Hot Latin Tracks, Latin Regional Mexican Airplay, Canadian Hot 100 and the PROMUSICAE (Spain music charts).
Selena performed at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards, which was attended by Jose Behar. Behar, the former president of Sony Music Latin, had recently opened EMI Latin. EMI Latin became the Latin division of EMI Records. The new president of Sony Music Latin was also attending the event and had wanted Selena to sign with his company. Selena's father and manager Abraham Quintanilla Jr was given offers from both Sony and EMI, however, Sony doubled the amount EMI was offering. Quintanilla Jr decided to go with EMI because they were offering the crossover deal Selena wanted, while Quintanilla Jr wanted his children to be the first band to sign with EMI Latin.
Before Selena signed her contract with EMI Latin in 1989, Behar and Stephen Finfer sent out a request to EMI Records for Selena to begin her crossover album. She recorded "Only Love", "Is It the Beat?", and "Where Did the Feeling Go?" for the presidents of EMI Records' pop division. Behar's and Finfer's request was denied. The presidents' told them that Selena needed a bigger fan base in order to sell a lot of copies of a crossover album. Behar told in an interview that he thought EMI Records, and people in general, did not believe that a Mexican American woman could be "successful". By 1993 Selena had won a Grammy Award for "Selena Live!" (1993), won several other awards, signed a sponsorship tour with Coca-Cola, dominated the Latin music charts, and expanded the Tejano Music Movement across the United States.
EMI Latin believed Selena should release a crossover album, believing she had reached her peak in the Spanish-language market. They wanted to launch her career as an American solo pop artist. Selena was signed with EMI's SBK Records in November 1993 after less than twenty-four hours in Los Angeles. News of Selena being signed with SBK made front-page news on "Billboard" magazine. Selena said that she was frighten by the recording deal because the situation was new to her and that only a few people had believed she would achieve success in the pop world. Selena said in interviews that the album would be released in 1994. However, following the release of "Amor Prohibido" in March 1994, she said the album was still being developed. During a dinner in a Thai restaurant in 1994, Selena was upset about the pressure she was under from the press about the album. She said, to Behar, that she told a lot of news crews that the album was about to be released and that she has yet to record a single song. Behar believed Selena was joking because she had always like telling jokes, but then noticed she was not setting up a joke and believed she was right. Behar then told the chairman of EMI Records, Charles Koppelman, that Selena and her band Los Dinos would leave EMI and find a record company willing to record an English-language album for Selena. Behar had lied to the chairman about Selena leaving in order to force the crossover album to begin. Koppelman did not want Selena to leave and began the recording sessions.
Selena started recording the first song for the album, "I Could Fall in Love", in late 1994. Selena was partnered with major pop music producers, some of which were Grammy Award winners. Selena's sister Suzette Quintanilla stated that Selena would take a very long time before deciding on a song that was "Selena". However, SBK Records controlled the entire project and only allowed Selena to choose one song. This was because, SBK knew what they were doing for a crossover event. Recording sessions for the album took place at several recording studios, including: her father's Q-Productions studio in Corpus Christi; The Bennett House in Franklin, Tennessee; Bananaboat Studio in Burbank, California; Oakshire Recorders in Los Angeles; Conway Studios in Hollywood; Clinton Studios in Clinton, New York; and Levosia Entertainment in Hollywood. Producers and songwriters who worked with Selena on the album included Keith Thomas, Trey Lorenz of Epic Records, Mark Goldenberg, Kit Hain, Guy Roche, Donna Delorey, Diane Warren, Rhett Lawrence, David Byrne of Luaka Bop Inc., Franne Golde, Tom Snow, Full Force, Brian "Red" Moore, A.B. Quintanilla III Selena's brother, Barrio Boyzz, K.C. Porter, Felipe Bernmejo, Jose Hernandez and Felipe Valdes Leal. Singers, Amy Grant and Vanessa Williams were both in the process of writing a song for Selena. "Dreaming of You" was the first album that Selena's family did not produce. Her family had wanted professional pop producers to work with Selena. Selena found this decision stressful, and felt that it was forced on her in order to sell records.
Selena co-wrote with David Byrne, former lead singer of Talking Heads, for his gospel song "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)". Her vocals were later used in the song after Byrne recorded it in Clifton, New York. Selena's brother Quintanilla III and her husband Chris Perez did not like "Dreaming of You". They both later stated that they grew to love it after Selena was murdered. While being interviewed, Keith Thomas stated that every time Selena would walk in the recording studio that all eyes would be on her because of her smiles, energy, and eager to succeed, who made everyone laugh. Thomas also stated that there were no ego problems with her. Selena had recorded songs in late 1994 and had recorded a total of six songs by January 20, 1995. Selena was supposed to record "Oh No (I'll Never Fall in Love Again)" on the morning of March 31, 1995. However, she was killed on the same day by Yolanda Saldivar, a friend and ex-manager of her clothing stores. "Oh No" was later recorded in Spanish by her brother's band, Kumbia Kings, on their album "Amor, Familia y Respecto" (2009). Thomas, who wrote "I Could Fall in Love", never finished his second song that Selena was supposed to record and talked about the song while being interviewed for the A&E series "Biography" in 2008. In 2008, freestyle singer Brenda K. Starr, revealed that she was supposed to be in two unrecorded duets with Selena. In June 2011, Dominican American Latin soul singer TeCheetah Lopez was given a demo of "Love Me Now", which was supposed to be for Selena to record. "Love Me Now" was written by Christopher Troy and Zac Harmon. According to Behar, "Dreaming of You" was supposed to be released in September or October 1995. In April 1995, EMI Latin decided to only release four out of the six English-language songs Selena had recorded. The song "Siempre Hace Frio" was taken off of "Dreaming of You".
"I Could Fall in Love", the first promotional single, was written by Keith Thomas and is a soft rock, pop, R&B and soul. "I Could Fall in Love" is written in the key of E major and moves at a moderate 86 beats per minute. Selena's vocal range in the song spans four octaves with music notes F#3-A4. Its lyrics are about a woman who is in love with a guy who does not know about her true feelings for him. She tries to tell him, but is afraid of rejection, she decides not tell him. According to "The Billboard Book of Number One Albums", "I Could Fall in Love" was chosen as the "best song" off of "Dreaming of You" and "... could melt the hearts of millions around the world". Kathleen Tracy wrote that "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" are two hit "ballads". James Hunter of "Vibe" stated that he liked Selena's passion that she used to record "I Could Fall in Love". Hunter also stated that the song is a "masterpiece", while also stating that because of Selena's death, it was hard to listen to the song without crying. After Selena's death, "I Could Fall in Love" became a popular wedding song.
"Dreaming of You", the lead single, was written by Franne Golde and Tom Snow. "Dreaming of You" is a power ballad and contemporary R&B. The song's main instruments are the piano, wind chimes and funk bass. "Dreaming of You" is written in Ab major and begins in the key of G♯(Ab). It changes to the key of A♯(Bb) after the bridge. Selena's vocal range spans Eb3-Eb5. "The Los Angeles Times" ranked "Dreaming of You" number five from their "Top-ten Singles of 1995". Its lyrics are about a lonely and depressed woman in her room at night, who dreams of being with her boyfriend. The song begins with a low-key instrumentation, which provides emphasis for Selena's vocals. Geraldo Martinez of "El Dictamen" wrote that the opening of the song was "surprisingly tantalizing". "Dreaming of You" became Selena's signature song and was given positive feedback from music critics.
"I'm Getting Used to You", the second promotional single, was written by Diane Warren and was produced by Rhett Lawrence. Four dance mixes were remixed by David Morales, which were created for promotional use. "I'm Getting Used to You" is a baroque- and dream-pop song and is written in the key of F major. Because of the music's easy piano notes it was included in the "Top Pop Hits of 1996 for Easy Piano" book. Its lyrics are about a woman who does not know what love is and her boyfriend tries to help her understand by "opening her eyes" to true love.
"Captive Heart", is a synthpop, electro and fast rock song. "Captive Heart" is an uptemo song written by Kit Hain. It was released as the album's first promotional single in the United Kingdom. Its lyrics are about a woman being controlled by her partner who will not let her be free of her own emotions. She is unable to end the relationship because she is too in love with him. Ed Morales of "Vibe" compared both Evelyn "Champagne" King and "Wherever You Are" (the English version of "Donde Quiera Que Estes") with "Captive Heart". According to the "Chicago Tribune" "Captive Heart" was the right song for urban-contemporary radios. The "Daily Vault" believed Selena made a mistake with "Captive Heart" because she had used too much "throat" in the song.
"God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", a duet with David Byrne, was originally recorded for the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack. After Selena was murdered, EMI Latin decided to use the song for "Dreaming of You". Byrne recorded his parts in New York, while Selena recorded her verse in Corpus Christi, Texas, at her father's recording studio. "God's Child" was later used for the "Blue in The Face" soundtrack. According to the "Chicago Tribune", "God's Child (Baila Conmigo)", is an "energetic, dark and mysterious" song. They also stated that the song is a rumba flamenco with rock and R&B. Christopher John Farley of "Time" stated that the song is a " ... giddy soulful song".
"El Toro Relajo" was an unreleased Spanish-language mariachi-ballad. It was written by Felipe Bermejo and produced by Jose Hernandez. It became the sixth single to be released from "Dreaming of You". Its lyrics are about a woman warning a man, during a bullfighting competition, that the bull is not tame. She then tries to tame the bull before her lover rides it. The band Mariachi Sol de Mexico were the backup singers for the song. "El Toro Relajo" was also recorded for the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack. The "Daily Vault" believed the song was the "most impressive track" on "Dreaming of You". The "Daily Vault" also stated that it was "short, amusing, and dedicated". After Selena's death, the song became a traditional Cinco de Mayo celebration song. Brennan told "Time" magazine that he believes the company who dropped "El Toro Relajo" from the "Don Juan DeMarco" soundtrack, regrets ever doing so. "Tú Sólo Tú" became the seventh single released from "Dreaming of You". John Lannert of "Billboard" called it a "classic emotive (emotional) ballad". Christopher John Farley of "Time" said that "Tú Sólo Tú" is a "spirited mariachi song".
"Dreaming of You" was scheduled to be released sometime in 1994. However, following "Amor Prohibido", Selena's last Spanish studio album, the album was delayed. Selena told in an interview on January 20, 1995 that the album would be released in July. EMI Records and EMI Latin released "Dreaming of You" on July 18, 1995. It debuted at number one on the US "Billboard" 200 chart. "Dreaming of You" replaced the "Pocahontas" soundtrack spot as the number one album on the "Billboard" 200. "Dreaming of You" was among the ten best-selling debuts ever, and was the best-selling debut by a female artist. Selena fans in Dallas, Texas, began lining up to buy the album hours before stores were open. "Dreaming of You" sold 331,000 copies in its first week. It became the biggest first-week seller by a female artist. It also became the first album by a Hispanic artist to debut at number one. EMI believed that "Dreaming of You" sold more than 400,000 copies because SoundScan did not track copies sold in small stores.
"Dreaming of You" also debuted at number one on the "Billboard" Top Latin Albums and "Billboard" Latin Pop Albums charts. It remained on the charts for nearly two-hundred weeks. In Austin, stores were sold out of "Dreaming of You" within minutes on the day it was released. Throughout the entire city, Austin stores only allowed two copies per costumer. Fans in Corpus Christi began celebrating the release of "Dreaming of You" the day before the album was released, at music stores across the city. "Dreaming of You" was sold in approximately fifteen countries, and in the months following its release, Selena became more famous. "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" were played on English speaking radio stations, mostly on Adult contemporary radios. In Texas alone, "Dreaming of You" sold half a million copies.
Within ten months of release, "Dreaming of You" was nearing triple-platinum status. It was certified 3.5 time platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), for shipping more than 3,500,000 copies in its first year. "Billboard" named "I Could Fall in Love" and "Dreaming of You" the number one and two spots, in the "Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits". "Dreaming of You" sold over 2,000,000 copies its first year. EMI Latin was backed up with orders of 500,000 copies from retail stores. "Dreaming of You" was considered the "highest selling Latin album" since Julio Iglesias recorded his first English-language record "110 Bel Air Place" (1984). "Dreaming of You" was certified Gold in Canada, for shipments of 50,000 copies.
In the same month of its release, "Dreaming of You" joined five of Selena's studio albums that were in the top ten on the "Billboard" Top 50 Latin Albums. The album peaked at number one, two years later "Dreaming of You" and "Siempre Selena" (1996) continued to chart on the "Billboard" Latin 50. "Dreaming of You" became the first album by a Hispanic singer to debut at number one. Some Texas stores believed that the sale figures for "Dreaming of You" in their state were wrong because the album had sold poorly at their music stores.
The Crossover Tour was a scheduled world tour. It was supposed to help promote "Dreaming of You" worldwide. The tour was scheduled to begin in mid-1995, after the album was released. The Crossover Tour was also going to promote Selena in countries where she was not well known in.
There were several commercials released in the US, Mexico and South America. Behar said that promotion "... will be on the superstar scale" and that "[We] didn't put this marketing campaign behind it because there was a tragedy. ... We put this marketing campaign behind it because we believed that this was going to be a huge album because of the music. This is a record that we're going to work over the next 10 months."
In Texas and Mexico, bootleggers sold copies of "Dreaming of You". A bootlegger is a person who takes the music of an album and copy's it to a blank CD and make profit by selling the blank CDs to people on the streets. One, in Corpus Christi, tried selling a bootleg to Selena's father, without knowing who he was. Quintanilla Jr, took all the copies and reported the man to local police. There are no known reports of the public bootleggers, although Quintanilla Jr reported any he found to police. "TVyNovelas" believed that 50,000 copies of "Dreaming of You" bootlegs were sold, at five dollars each.
Stephen Erlewine of Allmusic wrote that most Americans first learned about Selena because of her murder, and "Dreaming of You" was the first record of Selena's that they heard. He wrote: ""Dreaming of You" would have been a stronger album if she had lived, but it still stands as a powerful – and touching – testament to her talents." "Billboard" stated that Selena recorded songs that were "pop" and not "Tejano" music. "Vibe" editor Ed Morales called the album a "cumbia" and "Tex-Mex" (Tejano) album. James Hunter, also from "Vibe", believed it was hard to listen to the album because Selena's death was recent.
The "Chicago Tribune"s Achy Obejas wrote that "Dreaming of You" was an "incomplete" album that has a lot of mistakes in the selection of songs Selena recorded. Christopher John Farley of "Time" believed "Dreaming of You" helped Selena to become more popular in America. Enrique Lopetegui of the "Los Angeles Times" wrote that "Dreaming of You" was Selena's most "satisfying" album. Mary Talbot of the "New York Daily News" believed the album was able to reveal what Selena's career would have been like if she was alive.
Selena Live! is a Grammy Award–winning live album released by Tejano singer Selena on May 4, 1993.
Note: Certifications are based on the number of units shipped and not the number of copies sold.
Muñequito de Trapo
Muñequito de Trapo (English: "Doll Rag") is the fourth LP record released by Mexican-American Tejano pop band Selena y Los Dinos.
This album was re-released entitled "Classic Series Vol. 2" in 2007.
And the Winner Is...
And the Winner Is (Originally released as Female Vocalist of the Year and The Winner Is... Selena & Los Dinos) is the fifth LP record release from Mexican-American Tejano pop band Selena y Los Dinos.
This album was re-released entitled "Classic Series, Vol. 3" in 2007.
Lauren Faust
White Men Can't Jump (video game)
Ksenia Anatolyevna Sobchak (; born on November 5, 1981) is a Russian television presenter, actress and singer. Since 2004 she has been the presenter of the reality show "House 2". She is the only child of politicians Anatoly Sobchak (1937-2000) and Lyudmila Narusova (b.1951).
Sobchak tried to run against the country's longest-running president Vladimir Putin in 2018.
Ksenia was never married and has no children. She lives in Moscow, Russia.
Nguni languages
The Nguni languages are a group of Bantu languages spoken by the Nguni people. These languages are spoken in Southern Africa, mostly in South Africa, Swaziland, and Zimbabwe. Nguni languages include Xhosa, Zulu, Swati, Hlubi, Phuthi and Ndebele (both Southern Ndebele and Northern Ndebele).
The name "Nguni" comes from the cow breed called "Nguni cattle". The word "Nguni" is sometimes used to mean all speakers of Nguni languages as a group. This is an incorrect use of the word, since many different tribes speak these languages.
The Nguni languages are a sub-group of the Southern Bantu languages. These languages exist in a relatively small geographic area. The languages are closely related and sound very much alike. Many times the different languages are mutually intelligible -- that is, someone who speaks one Nguni language can understand someone speaking a different Nguni language.
Linguists and other researchers split the Nguni languages into two smaller groups: "Zunda Nguni" and "Tekela Nguni".
Ksenia Borodina
Ksenia Kimovna Borodina (born Amoyeva) (; born on March 8, 1983) is a Russian television presenter and actress. Since 2004 she is presenter of reality show "House 2".
From 2008 to 2011 Ksenia was married to businessman Yury Budagov. They have one child together — a daughter named Maria Budagova (b. June 10, 2009).
From June 2011 to August 2012 Ksenia has been in relationship with now ex-member of "House 2" Mikhail Teryokhin. They were engaged just a month before their split.
Currently lives with her daughter Maria in Moscow (Russia).
July 3, 2015 she married businessman Kurban Omarov.
Lyanka Gryu
Lyanka Georgievna Gryu (, , November 22, 1987) is a Russian stage, film, and TV actress. Her father is the Moldovan actor Gheorghe Grâu.
On July 9, 2010 Leanca married film director and composer Mihail Vainberg. They have one child, a son named Maxim Vainberg (born on February 20, 2011). She lives with her family in Moscow (Russia).
Preciosa (English: "Precious") is the sixth LP record by Mexican-American Tejano pop band, Selena y Los Dinos. The album's name was inspired by Selena's nickname.
This album is was re-released entitled "Classic Series, Vol. 4" in 2007.
Dulce Amor
Dulce Amor () is the seventh and last independent LP record by Selena. The album became the final album to be released from RP Records. Selena's brother, A.B. Quintanilla III had became the main songwriter. Selena recorded fourteen songs but only released ten. All the songs were recorded in three different recording studios. "Dulce Amor" helped Selena to be noticed at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards. She was then signed by EMI Latin. The album had only sold over 30,000 copies. It was ordered to be removed from stores by EMI Records.
Most of the songs produced were Tejano music mixed with Cumbia and Jazz fusion. "Dulce Amor" was nominated for "Album of the Year" while the song of the same name was nominated for "Song of the Year". Selena had won "Female Vocalist of the Year" and "Female Entertainer of the Year". Selena had promoted the album during her Dulce Amor Tour which had only lasted for less than a year. The album had mixed to negative reviews from music critics. The album was re-released in 2007 as "Classic Series Vol. 5".
After Selena's sixth LP record "Preciosa" (1988) sold only 25,000 copies, the company had wanted Selena to record another record. The success from "Preciosa" had the company believing that Selena would sell more copies with her next album. In July 1988, Selena was in the recording studio and began recording songs. Her brother, A.B. Quintanilla III had became the main songwriter for Selena. Juan Gabriel, a Mexican songwriter, had given Selena the rights to record "Costumbres". Ricky Vela, a Selena y Los Dinos member, had written the song "Quisiera Darte". The song "Qué" was written by Manny Guerra, the record manager for RP Records and GP Productions. The songs "Tú Solamente Tú" and "La Puerta Se Cerro" were written by unknown writers. On the liner notes, the writing credits are given to "Pendiente" which means "Pending" in Spanish.
It had took Selena three weeks to record fourteen songs. However, the record company only had wanted ten songs to be on the album. The others remained unreleased. Selena had recorded the songs "Dulce Amor", "Tú Solamente Tú", "La Puerta Se Cerro", "Costumbres", and "Dime" at RP Records studios in San Antonio, Texas. The songs "Always Mine", "No Llores Más Corazón" and "Cariño, Cariño Mio" were recorded in Houston, Texas. "Quisiera Darte" and the unreleased tracks were recorded in Hollywood, California. The song "Tú Solamente Tú" was originally recorded by Selena for her debut album "Selena y Los Dinos" (1984).
While Selena was performing at the 1989 Tejano Music Awards, Jose Behar (who was the former head of Sony Music Latin) was among the audience that night. He instantly wanted Selena to sign with EMI. Behar called his boss stating that he believe he had found the next Gloria Estefan. His boss told him that he was crazy, because Behar only had been in South Texas for only a week. Selena was later signed with EMI Latin the following year. "Dulce Amor" became her last independent LP record.
"Dulce Amor" was released on December 24, 1988. The album was supposed to be released in the summer of 1989. However, Manny Guerra had wanted the album to be released real quick. Guerra believed that if the album would have been released in the summer, that not too many Tejano fans would buy the album. He said, because popular music albums are released in that period. When the album was released, it had sold only 2,000 copies the first day. "Preciosa" (1988) had sold 3,600 copies on its first day. Guerra was not happy about the sales of the album. However, within a month the album sold 10,000 copies. It outperformed all of Selena's previous records. By August 1989, the album sold 33,206 copies. It was then pulled off shelves because of Selena's upcoming debut album with EMI Latin. EMI Latin bought all the original copies of the album. Only 50,000 copies of the album were shipped in Texas alone.
In 1995, Selena's father Abraham Quintanilla Jr had bought the rights to Selena's albums (1984-1989 period) from EMI Latin. Since then, he has released the songs in compilation albums. The songs "Always Mine", "No Llores Mas Corazon" and "La Puerta Se Cerro" were selected to be remixed for "Anthology" (1998).
On September 7, 2007, Quintanilla Jr re-released the album as part of the "Classic Series" collection. "Dulce Amor" was then re-titled "Classic Series Vol. 5". All the songs were remastered.