AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The United States placed sanctions against the Assad government in April 2011. Canada and the European Union also placed sanctions against the government in May 2011.
In June 2011, Assad promised reform, a new parliarmentary election, and more freedoms. He also urged refugees to return to Syria.
In January 2012, Reuters claimed that over 5,000 civilians and protesters (including militants) had been killed by the Syrian army, security agents and militia, while 1,100 people had been killed by terrorists.
In January 2012, Assad gave a speech in which he claimed that the uprising was being engineered by foreign countries. He said that a new referendum could be held in March.
The referendum was held in February 2012. The referendum would change the term limits of future Syrian presidents. It passed with 90% support. The U.S. and Turkey did not accept the results. The European Union pushed new sanctions on the government.
In June 2012, the ICRC announced that Syria was in a civil war. The national death toll on both sides reached 20,000.
In 2014 and 2015, he began to lose some support from the Alawite community. This was because an unequal number of soldiers killed in the conflict were Alawites.
In September 2015, Russia got involved in the Syrian Civil War. President of Russia Vladimir Putin said that Russia's goal in Syria is to "stabilis[e] the legitimate power in Syria and creat[e] the conditions for political compromise." In November 2015, Assad said that the two months of Russian intervention had accomplished more than the U.S.-led coalition had done in a year.
In December 2016, government forces recovered most of Aleppo from rebel forces.
After the election of Donald Trump, the U.S. no longer wished to remove Assad from power. That changed after the Khan Shaykhun chemical attack. Donald Trump ordered missile strikes to hit a Syrian airbase. Assad responded by saying that the United States's behaviour was an "unjust and arrogant aggression." He also said that the Syrian army had given up all its chemical weapons in 2013. He claimed that the chemical attack was a lie and was used to justify a U.S. airstrike.
As of March 2018, between 350,000 and 511,000 people have been killed in the civil war.
Assad is married to Asma al-Akhras. Together, they have three children; Hafez, Jr., Zein, and Karim al-Assad.
Influenced by his western education and urban upbringing, Bashar initially seemed eager to implement a cultural revolution in Syria.
France currently has five overseas departments (), which are departments (territorial divisions) that are outside the European part of the country. All are officially part of France, with the same political status as the departments in Europe; and are therefore different to overseas territories. They are also part of the European Union and use the Euro as currency. They are:
Since 2003, these departments are now officially called overseas regions (), but this name has yet to be widely adopted. Each region returns elected representatives to the Senate and National Assembly in Paris. A total of three members are elected to the European Parliament to represent overseas France, including overseas departments and overseas territories. Since 1974, these regions have had their own individual regional councils for local government.
Amy Poehler
Amy Meredith Poehler (; born September 16, 1971) is an American actress, comedian, director, producer and writer. She was a cast member of the television program "Saturday Night Live" between 2001 and 2008.
Poehler was born in Newton, Massachusetts. Her parents are high school teachers Eileen Frances (née Milmore) and William Grinstead Poehler. She grew up in nearby Burlington. Her father is of German, Irish, Portuguese, and English ancestry. Her mother is of Irish ancestry. Poehler was raised in the Catholic faith. She graduated from Burlington High School in 1989. She studied at Boston College and at The Second City.
Poehler has been married to Will Arnett since 2003. They have two children. In September 2012, Poehler and Arnett separated. The divorce was finalized in 2016.
Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI (; 1331 –27 March 1378), born Pierre Roger de Beaufort, was a French cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 202nd Pope from 1370 until his death.
He was the seventh and last of the popes who lived in Avignon in France.
Pierre Roger de Beaufort was born in 1331 in Limousin in France. The Rosier or Roger family were important in Limousin in central France.
Beaufort was a nephew of Pope Clement VI.
Clement VI raised Beaufort to the rank of cardinal in 1348.
Cardinal Beaufort was elected pope in 1370; and he chose to be called Gergory XI. He was ordained as a priest on January 4, 1371; and was crowned pope on the following day, January 5, 13271
In 1377, Gregory XI was persuaded by Catherine of Siena to return to Rome. He reestablished the papacy in Italy.
Gregory is also remembered as the Pope who condemned John Wycliffe.
When Gregory died on March 27, 1378, the cardinals in Rome elected an Italian-born pope named Urban VI as his successor.
In Avignon, the cardinals elected a French-born pope who they named Clement VII.
The Western Schism begins with the dispute between the supporters of the Italian-born pope and the French-born pope.
Cantinflas
Fortino Mario Alfonso Moreno Reyes (August 12, 1911 – April 20, 1993), was a Mexican comedian and stage and movie actor known as Cantinflas. He often played poor peasants. He became associated with Mexico, and had a long, successful movie career, including some time in Hollywood. Charlie Chaplin once said that Moreno was the best comedian alive, and Moreno has been called the "Charlie Chaplin of Mexico". To audiences in the United States, he is best remembered as costarring with David Niven in "Around the World in 80 Days" (1956).
Moreno also was involved in Mexico's labor politics, which were often dangerous. Although he was a political conservative, his reputation as somebody who spoke for the poor made him seem real, and became important in the early struggle against charrismo, the one-party government's practice of taking over unions.
Carbon diet
Carbon diet is the process of reducing the production of greenhouse gas, primarily carbon dioxide, to reduce effects on climate change and global warming.
Carbon dioxide is produced from heating, driving and consuming products.
The production of carbon dioxide can be reduced by decreasing the intake of carbon, and eventually reduces the effects of climate change.
According to Deborah Jones, her family undergoes carbon diet. They are already in week two of the Globe and Mail assignment. The purpose of this assignment is to see how her family can reduces the emissions of greenhouse gas to reach the provincial goal of 33 percent reduction. It is different from a low carbon diet which is done by choosing what to eat to reduce greenhouse gas discharge.
Carbon is from Latin word carbo "coal" is the chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6. As a member of group 14 on the periodic table, it is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. There are three naturally occurring isotopes, with 12C and 13C being stable, while 14C is radioactive, decaying with a half-life of about 5,730 years.
The term "carbon diet" is used in book Gore:A Political Life. There are steps in carbon diet:
Pope Innocent IX
Pope Innocent IX (; 20 July 1519 – 30 December 1591), born Giovanni Antonio Facchinetti, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 231st Pope from 29 October 1591 to his death on 30 December of the same year.
Facchinetti was born in Bologna on 20 July 1519.
He entered the service of Alessandro Cardinal Farnese, brother of the Duke of Parma and grandson of Pope Paul III. Farnese appointed Fasccinetti as the acting governor of Parma from 1556 to 1558.
In 1560, Facchinetti was named Bishop of Nicastro in Calabria.
In 1562, Facchinetti as present at the Council of Trent.
Pope Pius V sent him as papal nuncio to Venice in 1566.
Faccinetti gave up his bishop's role when he was named Patriarch of Jerusalem in 1572.
Facchinetti was raised to the rank of Cardinal in 1583.
Facchinetti was elected pope in 1591; and he chose to be called Innocent IX. He died two months after his election.
Pope Innocent X (; 6 May 1574 – 7 January 1655), born Giovanni Battista Pamphilj, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 237th Pope from 1644 to 1655.
Pamphilij was born in Rome in 1574. He was a great-great-great-grandson of Pope Alexander VI
He graduated from the Collegio Romano before entering a career in the church.
In 1629, he was raised to the rank of Cardinal.
Cardinal Pamphilij was elected pope in 1644; and he chose to be called Innocent X.
Yuko Kavaguti
Yuko Kavaguti , born November 20, 1981– ), also known as , is a Japanese-Russian Olympic athlete and international ice skating competitor.
In December 2008, she became a Russian citizen and her Russian name is Kavaguti. Kawaguchi gave up her Japanese citizenship.
Kawaguchi was born in Funabashi, Chiba in Japan. She began skating at the age of five because her mother was a fan of ice dancing.
She studied international relations at St. Petersburg State University, completing her degree in June 2007. In addition to her native Japanese, she is also fluent in Russian and English.
In international competition, Kavaguti is pairs skater. She represents Russia with Alexander Smirnov.
Kavaguti became a Russian citizen so that she would qualify for a spot on the Russian Olympic team. Japan does not allow dual nationality, so she was obliged to give up her Japanese citizenship in order to compete for Russia.
As a Japanese citizen, Kawaguchi competed as a singles skater. She switched to pairs after the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan.
As a Russian citizen, Kavagui has won many medals, including gold at 2008 Skate Canada International.
Kavaguti was a partner in the pairs team which won the 2010 European Figure Skating Championships, Kavaguti and Smirnov won the 2010 Cup of Russia, They placed third in the 2010 World Figure Skating Championships.
Kavaguti and her partner won the 2011 Cup of China and the 2011 NHK Trophy.
Sugarland is a country music duo from the Southern United States. They've had many #1 hits on record charts in the United States. The lead singer is Jennifer Nettles.
BIGBANG
BIGBANG is a name of the album in Japanese released by Big Bang in Japan. Big Bang is a boy band that comes from South Korea. Bigbang sings hip hop and R&B. This album was released on August 19, 2009.
Big Bang (disambiguation)
Big Bang is the name of a scientific theory that explains how the Universe started and made the groups of stars, called galaxies, we see today.
"Big Bang" may also refer to:
List of blues harmonica players
The list consists of blues musicians whose main or only instrument is the harmonica.
Boron carbide
Boron carbide is a chemical compound with the formula BC. It is an extremely hard ceramic. It is often used as an abrasive, as armor, as a scratch-proof coating, as a neutron absorber in the control rods of nuclear reactors, and as an additive in the cut-resistant shackle in some padlocks.
Numerical control
Numerical Control (NC) is a way to automate machines. In numerical control, the commands these machines get come from a storage medium; they are not controlled and operated manually. The first such machines were Jacquard looms controlled by punched cards. Machine tools for cutting metal were built in the 1940s and 1950s. They used punched tape instructions. Soon, the tools were changed, to use computers. Numerical control with computers is known as Computer Numerical Control, or CNC.
Nowadays, it is possible to make a program that can run on such machine tools, based on a CAD drawing of the piece to be produced.
Attempts to automate machines in the 19th century, for example copying-lathes, used cams. These are basically wheels that change the position of notches to control a machine. The basic difference to modern NC is that these cams only automated one given task; modern NC and CNC machines can be programmed to a greater extent.
Bolt cutter
It is used as a lever either to force apart two objects or to remove nails. Crowbars are commonly used to open nailed wooden crates. Common uses for larger crowbars are: removing nails, prying apart boards, and generally breaking things. Crowbars can be used as any of the three lever classes but the curved end is usually used as a first-class lever, and the flat end as a second class lever. In mining, crowbars are used to break blasted rocks and to remove loose rock on roof sides and the working face, but not much in modern mining.
Mid-Atlantic Ridge
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge is where seafloor spreading takes place in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. It is part of a world-wide system of mid-ocean ridges. These ridges make up the longest mountain range in the world, all underwater except for short stretches like Iceland. On Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reaches the surface.
The ridge separates oceanic tectonic plates, and moves the plates apart at about 2.5 cm per year.
The Mid-Atlantic Ridge includes a deep rift valley which runs along the middle of the ridge along almost its entire length. At the rift, the boundary between tectonic plates, magma from the mantle reaches the seafloor. New magma emerges onto the ocean floor near the ridge axis. The crystallized magma forms new crust of basalt and gabbro.
The ridge was discovered during the expedition of HMS "Challenger" in 1872. A team of scientists on board discovered a large rise in the middle of the Atlantic. They were planning the future location for a transatlantic telegraph cable. The existence of such a ridge was confirmed by sonar in 1925
In the 1950s, mapping of the Earth’s ocean floors showed the Mid-Atlantic Ridge to have valleys and ridges. Its central valley is seismologically active and the epicentre of many earthquakes. Ewing and Heezen discovered the ridge to be part of a 40,000-km-long essentially continuous system of mid-ocean ridges on the floors of all the Earth’s oceans. The discovery of this worldwide ridge system led to the theory of seafloor spreading and general acceptance of Wegener's theory of continental drift and expansion as plate tectonics.
The ridge started forming in at the end of the Triassic period, and was responsible for the separation of the Americas from Africa and Europe with the breakup of Pangaea.
The ridge sits atop a geologic feature known as the Mid-Atlantic Rise which is a progressive bulge that runs the length of the Atlantic Ocean, with the ridge resting on the highest point of this linear bulge. This bulge is thought to be caused by upward convective forces in the asthenosphere pushing up the oceanic crust and lithosphere.
Pope Innocent XI
Pope Innocent XI (; 16 May 1611 – 12 August 1689), born Benedetto Odescalchi, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 240th Pope from 1676 to 1689.
Benedetto Odescalchi was born at Como in 1611. He was the son of a Como nobleman, Livio Odescalchi
In 1645, Pope Innocent X raised Odescalchi to the rank of cardinal.
In 1650, Odescalchi became Bishop of Novara.
Cardinal Odescalchi was elected pope on 21 September 1676; and he chose to be called Innocent XI.
Pope Innocent was involved in Italian and European political disputes, chiefly with Louis XIV of France
In December 1688, Innocent received the diplomatic mission sent to the Vatican by Narai, the King of Siam.
After Innocent XI in 1689, he was buried in St. Peter's Basilica.
The process of canonization was begun in 1714 and suspended in 1744. Pope Pius XII announced his beatification in 1956.
Surface area to volume ratio
The surface area to volume ratio of an object is the relationship between two measurements. It is the ratio of Surface area to volume. It shows the comparison between the size of the outside of an object and the amount inside. Small or thin objects have a large surface area compared to the volume. This gives them a large ratio of surface to volume. Larger objects have small surface area compared to the volume so they have a small surface area to volume ratio. A large lump, for example, has a small ratio, and may be smashed into powder to give it a large surface to volume ratio.
Two common ways of writing it are sa/vol or SA:V. Either of these say to divide the surface area by the volume. This shows how much surface area is required for each unit of volume.
The Honda Accord is a midsize car that is built by the Honda company. The car has changed over time. It has had eight different basic designs. The Honda Accord has been built and sold since 1976. The car later spawned a station wagon crossover SUV called the Crosstour in 2009. However, low sales prompted Honda to discontinue the Crosstour in 2015.
Punched card
A punched card is a storage medium. It contains information in the form of holes, that are at precise locations on the card. In the 19th century, punched cards were widely used to control machines, such as looms and for census. Fairground organs and related instruments still use punched cards, as do some voting machines.
Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a medium that could then be read by a machine.
Sri Lanka at the Olympics
Sri Lanka first took part in the Olympic Games in 1948.
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Sri Lanka is SRI. In 1964, it was CEY for Ceylon.
Teams took part in all Summer Olympic Games since then, but not the 1976 Games. Sri Lanka never took part in the Winter Olympic Games.
The National Olympic Committee for Sri Lanka was formed in 1937 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee the same year. The nation was called "Ceylon" until 1972.
Syria at the Olympics
Syria was first at the Olympic Games in 1948. The nation came back to the Games in 1968. They also missed the 1976 Games. The nation has not been in the Winter Olympic Games.
The National Olympic Committee for Syria was formed in 1948.
Chinese Taipei at the Olympics
Tajikistan at the Olympics
Tajikistan was first at the Olympic Games as an independent nation in 1996. They have been to every Summer Olympic Games since then. The nation has been at the Winter Olympic Games since 2002.
Before, Tajik athletes were part of the Soviet Union at the Olympics until 1988. Tajikistan was part of the Unified Team in 1992.
The National Olympic Committee for Tajikistan was formed in 1992 and recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1993.
Timor-Leste at the Olympics
The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste was first at the Olympic Games in 2000. They have not won any medals.
The National Olympic Committee was formed in 2003. It is called "Comitê Olímpico Nacional de Timor-Leste".
Naypyidaw
Naypyidaw, also known Nay Pyi Taw or Naypyitaw, is the capital city of Myanmar, also known as Burma.
Construction in the planned city is on-going.
In 2005, the capital of Myanmar was officially moved inland and away from the Gulf of Martaban and the Andaman Sea.
The former capital, Yangon (Rangoon), is about 385 kilometers (240 miles) south of the new city.
The new capital is located between middle mountain range of Bago Yoma and eastern mountain range of Shan Yoma. Naypyidaw covers an area of 7,054.37 square-km.
Metabolism (architecture)
Metabolism is a kind of architecture that began in Japan around 1960. This way of designing buildings came out of the rebuilding of Japan after World War II. Members of the group include: Kiyoshi Awazu, Noboru Kawazoe, Kiyonori Kikutake, Kisho Kurokawa, Fumihiko Maki, Masato Otaka, and Kenzō Tange. They wrote a short book in English and Japanese called ""The proposals for a New Urbanism"" for the World Design Conference in 1960. Many Metabolist projects or designs were very large city plans called "megastructures". The members thought of cities as living things that changed over long periods of time.
These architects were interested in building housing for large numbers of people. They often planned buildings that could be changed. One example is the Nakagin Capsule Tower by Kurokawa (1972). Each apartment was a rectangular block with one round window. These blocks could be added, moved, or removed as needed. It was a ""plug-in building"". Kurokawa planned for new, better capsules to be added to replace old ones. However, people living in the tower plan to tear it down and rebuild a larger building.
The is a building designed by architect Kisho Kurokawa. It has apartments and offices in it. The tower is in Shimbashi, Tokyo, Japan. Nakagin Capsule Tower is an example of the Metabolism style of architecture. It was the first modular capsule building.
The building is actually two towers. One is eleven and the other is thirteen floors. These towers are the utility cores. They have the elevators, stairs, electric, and water services in them. They also support the whole building. 140 capsules are attached to the two cores. Each capsule unit is one apartment or office. They are × × and have one round window. Just four bolts connect each unit to a tower. The units are lightweight steel. They were built in Shiga Prefecture and brought to Tokyo on trucks. The capsules are not connected to each other, so any capsule can be removed or replaced without moving the others.
The towers are the permanent part of the building and the capsules were temporary. Kurokawa planned for new units to be built to replace old ones. As building technology improved, better units could be added. Also, units could be changed as people moved in or out. Capsules could even be moved from one building to another. This part of the plan never happened. No new capsules were ever built.
Residents plan to tear down the building. They say there are problems with asbestos and that the building is too old and has not been repaired well. Kurokawa and other architects want to keep the building as an historic example.
The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword
The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword is a video game made in 2011 for the Wii. Unlike the other "Legend of Zelda" games, it focuses more on combat, keeping the role-playing and puzzle elements seen in earlier games. The story is connected with the rest of the "Legend of Zelda" series, and this game is about how the master sword was made. The player travels between two worlds: Skyloft, an area in the sky with floating islands which is the main area in the game, and Hyrule, which is located on the Earth. It makes use of the Wii MotionPlus add-on for the Wii Remote. The player uses the Wii Remote to swing Link's sword.
Link is the hero in this game. Zelda is Link's childhood friend, and the heroine in the story. Ghirahim: is the bad person who schemes to revive an ancient evil boss. In this game, you can go to four different "realms", such as the Faron Province, the Elden Province, and the Lanyuru Province, as well as Skyloft.
A limited edition bundle with a gold Wii MotionPlus and a CD with orchestrated versions of the series' well-known music tracks was sold to mark the 25th anniversary of "The Legend of Zelda".
A port, titled The Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword HD, will be released worldwide for the Nintendo Switch on July 16, 2021.
Gary Mason
Australia at the Olympics
Australia at the Olympics is a history which includes 45 games in 22 countries and 3,000+ athletes. Since 1895, Australia has contributed to the growth of the "Olympic Movement".
The International Olympic Committee's official abbreviation for Australia is AUS.
The Australia National Olympic Committee was formed in 1895. It was recognized by the International Olympic Committee in 1895.
Afghanistan's team first competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.
Australia has sent athletes to almost all of the modern Olympic Games. Australia has competed in every Summer Olympic Games, and most Winter Olympic Games.
In 1908 and 1912, Australia competed with New Zealand under the name Australasia.
Australia has hosted the Olympics twice:
The 1956 Summer Olympics were at Melbourne in Victoria.
The 2000 Summer Olympics were at Sydney in New South Wales.
Citroën Saxo
The Citroën Saxo is a car produced by Citroën. It replaced the Citroën AX in 1996, and was replaced by the Citroën C2 and C3 in 2003.
Arab Spring
The Arab Spring (, ) is a term used in the media for the revolutionary wave of demonstrations and protests (both non-violent and violent), riots, and civil wars in the Arab world that began on 18 December 2010. The protesters were angry that their countries did not give them many rights. They also felt that because of the governments, their quality of life was poor.
The Arab Spring resulted in many leadership changes. By 2012, most of the governments involved had either been defeated and replaced or had stopped the protests.
A few years after the Arab Spring stopped, the Arab Winter began. Many countries went back to having leaders that limited rights and many terrorist groups were made. Many protests have continued.
The protests forced rulers out of power in Tunisia, Egypt (twice), Libya and Yemen. Civil uprisings occurred in Bahrain and Syria. Large protests happened in Algeria, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Morocco and Sudan. Smaller protests happened in Mauritania, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Djibouti, Western Sahara and Palestine. There were minor protests in countries that are not part of the Arab World, such as Iran and Israel.
There were border clashes in Israel. Protests in Iranian Khuzestan by the Arab minority occurred in 2011. Weapons and Tuareg fighters returning from the Libyan civil war had encouraged a conflict in Mali in North Africa. The clashes in Lebanon were described as a spillover of violence from the Syrian uprising.
The protests shared some techniques of civil resistance in sustained campaigns involving strikes, demonstrations, marches, and rallies. They were also effective at using social media to organize, communicate, and raise awareness against state attempts at repression and Internet censorship.
Many Arab Spring demonstrations were met with violent responses from authorities, as well as from pro-government militias and counter-demonstrators. These attacks were answered with violence from protestors in some cases. A major slogan of the demonstrators in the Arab world was "Ash-sha`b yurid isqat an-nizam" ("the people want to bring down the regime").
Some observers compared the Arab Spring movements to the Revolutions of 1989 that occurred in Eastern Europe or the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states.
The first specific use of the term "Arab Spring" as used to signify these events may have started with the American political journal "Foreign Policy". Marc Lynch, referring to his article in "Foreign Policy", writes "Arab Spring—a term I may have unintentionally coined in a January 6, 2011 article". Joseph Massad on "Al Jazeera" said the term was "part of a US strategy of controlling [the movement's] aims and goals" and directing it towards American-style liberal democracy. Due to the electoral success of Islamist parties before protests began in many Arab countries, the events have also come to be known as "Islamist Spring" or "Islamist Winter".
The series of protests and demonstrations across the Middle East and North Africa has become known as the "Arab Spring", and sometimes as the "Arab Spring and Winter" even though not all the participants in the protests are Arab. It was sparked by the first protests that occurred in Tunisia on 18 December 2010 following Mohamed Bouazizi's self-immolation in protest of police corruption and ill treatment. The protests also triggered similar unrest outside the region resembling a 'chain effect'.
Guangzhou
Guangzhou (; ; ) is the capital of Guangdong Province of southern China. Historically, it was known to Westerners as Canton, which is a misnomer, or a mistake in naming, since the name is an older English pronunciation for the entire region that the city is in, Guangdong. It is also called the City of Flowers. It is in the south of China and is one of the five biggest cities in China. In mainland China, Guangzhou is regarded as one of the three most popular cities with Beijing and Shanghai, which is called Bei-Shang-Guang for short. It is where the 16th Asian Games were held and it is famous for its food all over the world.
Guangzhou is the core city of South China. It is on the north of Zhu Jiang Delta (Pearl River Delta), where the Dong Jiang River (East River), Xi Jiang River (West River) and Bei Jiang River (North River) join together. On its South is the South China Sea. With its geographical advantages, Guangzhou has been a very important port in South China for hundreds of years. Today, it is the biggest and most important port for air, sea, and trains in China. The area of Guangzhou is about . The north part and middle part of Guangzhou are hills. The west part and south part are plains that have a lot of rivers and streams. Guangzhou is in the subtropics monsoon climate region. It has a lot of sunshine and rain. The average temperature is from 21.4 to 21.9 °C (about 71 °F) and the lowest temperature in winter is about . The rainy season lasts for almost six months and the typhoons in summer also bring lots of rain. The average humidity is about 77 percent.
Guangzhou has Baiyun Airport, which is one of the three most important parts of air transportation in the country. The passenger throughput ranks third in China and 19th in the world. It is also a very important harbor in China, second to Shenzhen in South China and the fourth one in the country. With the Jing-Guang Railway, Jing-Jiu Railway, Guang-Shen Railway and other railways, Guangzhou has become one of the four biggest railway passenger stations in China. A high speed railway has been built here.
Guangzhou has been the city famous for business for hundreds of years. It has been open to the world for nearly 2000 years. After the Reform and Opening Up in 1979, Guangzhou has gained great economic achievement. For example, Guangzhou's GDP (Gross Domestic Product) has grown about 14% per year. It ranks as the third economic city in China (not including Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao). In addition, Guangzhou has become a city with a sound industrial foundation and developed tertiary-industry. In September of 1993, Guangzhou was accepted as a member of the World Association of Metropolises.
The most important elements of Guangzhou’s economy are light manufacturing sector and foreign trade. They are the main reasons for Guangzhou’s economic achievement and its attraction to appeal people from all over the world to begin their own business in this city. Every year, the China Import and Export Commodities Fair (Guangzhou Fair) is held here. It has the biggest conference and exhibition center, Guangzhou International Convention and Exhibition Center, in Asia. After 2000, Guangzhou began to change its industrial structure and increase its investment in the heavy manufacturing sector. Nowadays, the automobile industry, petrochemical industry, and the IT industry have been the three mainstay industries in Guangzhou.
Guangzhou is a typical city for Lingnan Culture. The main characters of Lingnan Culture are open-mindedness, practical spirit and civilian consciousness. People here don’t adhere to traditional rules. They combine culture from different parts in the world with the local culture and are creating new culture to adjust to the modern world. This is very different from the Center Plains Culture in the north part of China. Guangzhou has its own opera, Guangdong Opera, and its own language, Cantonese. In Guangzhou Metro, you can hear the announcement for station not only in Chinese and English, but also in Cantonese. Besides, sotto portico is the typical construction for Lingnan Culture. A flowers market held every Spring Festival is famous around South China.
The education in Guangzhou began in the Western Han Dynasty. Now, Guangzhou is one of the cities with the most colleges and universities in the South China. It is one of the cities which has the most education resource in the country. The best comprehensive university here is Sun Yat-sen University. It is a university built in memory of Sun Yat-sen, who led the Xinhai Revolution and is regarded as the father of China.
Adela Noriega
Noriega was born in Mexico City, Mexico, on October 24, 1969. At the age of 12, she was discovered by a talent scout. She started working as a child model and appearing in commercials and music videos. Her father died when Noriega was in her early adolescence. Her mother died in 1995 from cancer. She has two siblings; an older sister, Reyna, and a younger brother, Alejandro. Noriega takes long breaks between projects and avoids publicity. She lives in the United States.
Noriega made her television debut at the age of 14 in the telenovela, "Principessa". Soon after, she appeared in another telenovela, "Juana Iris", and on a comic show, "Cachún cachún ra ra!". In 1986, she got her first leading role in the telenovela "Yesenia" where she played a role of a young gypsy. Shortly after, she starred as a leading character of "Quinceañera". "Quinceañera" is considered to be the first telenovela made for teenagers because it dealt with the problems of youth (drugs, date rape and gangs) for the first time in the television genre. A year later, she appeared in another teen drama, "Dulce Desafío".
In 1993, Noriega signed a contract with the U.S. network, Telemundo, and starred in a successful telenovela, "Guadalupe". In 1995, she moved to Colombia and played the leading role in "Maria Bonita", co-produced by RTI Colombia and Telemundo network. Noriega returned to Mexico in 1997 and starred as the lead of "María Isabel", where she portrayed an indigenous woman. A year after, she played the leading female character in "El Privilegio de Amar", the highest rated television program in Mexico to date.
In 2001, Noriega played the leading role in "El Manantial". In 2003, she portrayed an aristocrat, Matilde Peñalver y Beristáin, in "Amor Real". This historical telenovela received critical acclaim and was highly successful. In 2005, she played the leading role in "La esposa virgen". Her most recent starring role was in the telenovela, "Fuego en la sangre", from 2008.
The following table shows some of the nominations and wins for Adela Noriega.
White rice
White rice is rice after the outer part of each grain has been removed.
Gas discharge lamp
Gas discharge lamps are a family of artificial light sources (or lamps). These lamps produce light by sending electricity through an ionized gas. Most of these lamps use a noble gas, or a combination of noble gases, but they often contain other materials, such as mercury, sodium or metal halides. The gases in these lamps are ionized in operation. This means that there are free electrons. When an electric current is sent through the gas, electrons collide with atoms of the gas and the metals. This will mean that some reach a higher energy state. When they fall back into the lower energy state, they will emit the energy in the form of light.
The fluorescent lamp is probably the best known gas discharge lamp. Sodium vapor lamps are commonplace as streetlights.
Gas-discharge lamps have a long life and a high efficiency, but they are more complicated to manufacture, which makes them more expensive to buy than incandescent lamps. Due to their greater efficiency, gas-discharge lamps replacing incandescent light bulbs for many purposes in the late 20th century. Early in the 21st century, light-emitting diodes improved, with even higher efficiency. They began to replace some gas discharge lamps.
Charged particle
Germicidal lamp
Nineveh was an ancient Assyrian city on the eastern side of the Tigris River. It was the capital and a major city of the Assyrian empire. Its ruins are across the river from the modern-day city of Mosul, Iraq.
The ruins of Nineveh are surrounded by the remains of a massive stone and mudbrick wall dating from about 700 BC. The wall was bout 12 km in length. The stone retaining wall had projecting stone towers spaced about every . The stone wall and towers were topped by three-step parapets.
The city wall had fifteen monumental gateways. They were checkpoints for people entering and exiting the city. They probably had barracks and armouries. With the inner and outer doors shut, the gateways were fortresses. The gateways had passages and interior chambers lined with finely cut stone. A stairway led from one of the interior chambers to the top of the mudbrick wall.
The city wall was destroyed by ISIS by February, 2015. The wall was destroyed during an effort to destroy historical buildings and monuments in the province by the jihadist rebel group.
List of most visited art museums in the world
This article lists the most visited art museums in the world. This list of 100 is based on an attendance survey compiled by "The Art Newspaper" published in April 2013.
The country with the highest number of visitors in the top 100 is the United Kingdom. The country with the most museums appearing in the list is the United States.
The list also includes exhibition centers organizing temporary art displays. Several major art museums, such as the Palace Museum in Beijing, which annually draw close to 12 million visitors, the Museo del Prado in Madrid, with 2,800,000 visitors in 2012, and the National Museum of Anthropology of Mexico City, with 1,767,092 visitors in 2011, were not included.
Annual fluctuations occur due to the popularity of special exhibitions and improved collections. For example, the National Gallery of Victoria 2,800,000 visitors in 2017, placing it well into the top 20.
White asbestos
White asbestos, also called chrysotile asbestos or serpentine asbestos, is one of the six types of asbestos. About 95% of asbestos found in buildings is white asbestos. It is considered by experts to be less dangerous than the other types of asbestos, but it is still a major health hazard and exposure can cause cancer and asbestosis.
Pope Innocent XII
Pope Innocent XII (; 13 March 1615 – 27 September 1700), born Antonio Pignatelli, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 243rd Pope from 1691 to 1700.
Pignatelli was born at Spinazzola in Puglia.
He was educated at the Jesuit college in Rome.
Pignatelli developed diplomatic experience when he was papal legate to Poland and to Austria.
He gained administrative experience when he was governor of Perugia.
Piganatelli was made Bishop of Faenza in 1681. Pope Innocent XI made him Archbishop of Naples in 1687.
Pope Innocent XI raised Pignatelli to the rank of Cardinal in 1682.
Cardinal Pignatelli was elected pope on 12 July 1691; and he chose to be called Innocent XII.
In 1692, Innocent XII issued the papal bull "Romanum decet Pontificem" which banned the curial office of the cardinal-nephew.
In the Papal States, Innocent invested in public works. For example, he caused the harbor of Porto d'Anzo to be constructed on the ruins of Antium. Also, he constructed the aqueduct of Civitavecchia.
The tomb of Innocent XII at St. Peter's Basilica was sculpted by Filippo della Valle.
Pope Innocent XIII
Pope Innocent XIII (; 13 May 1655 – 7 March 1724), born Michelangelo Conti, was an Italian cleric of the Roman Catholic Church and the 245th Pope from 1721 until his death.
Michelangelo Conti was born in Poli, near Rome.
Conti was born into a family that which included several popes including Pope Innocent III. (1198–1216), he was a member of the family of the counts and dukes of Segni.
In 1695, Conti was made Archbishop of Tarsus.
In 1706, Pope Clement XI raised Conti to the rank of cardinal.
Cardinal Conti was elected pope on May 8, 1721; and he chose to be called Innocent XIII.
M. H. de Young Memorial Museum
Hurricane Roxanne
Hurricane Roxanne was a destructive storm that hit the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula during October 1995. The hurricane had winds next to 115 miles per hour when it hit. Because of its impact, the name Roxanne was later retired and replaced by Rebekah.
Authors of the Bible
Big Mama Thornton
Willie Mae "Big Mama" Thornton (November 12, 1926, Montgomery, Alabama – July 25, 1984 in Los Angeles, California) was an American blues singer, harp player and songwriter.
Thornton was the first who recorded "Hound Dog" by Leiber and Stoller. Another song which is often covered is "Ball ´n Chain". It is included in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame list of the "500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll". It is one of her best-known songs because of being performed and recorded by Janis Joplin.
She was born in Montgomery, Alabama. She got her musical education in a Baptist church, where her father was a minister and her mother a choir singer. At the age of 14 she joined Sammy Green's Georgia-based Hot Harlem Revue and toured the south. She was also a self-taught drummer and harmonica player. She often played each instrument onstage.
1948 she settled in Houston. In 1951 she was signing a recording contract with Peacock Records. For this label she recorded "Hound Dog" which became #1 in the Rhythm ´n Blues charts. Then she toured with Junior Parker and Esther Phillips. At the end of the 1950s her career faded. She relocated to the San Francisco Bay Area, where she mostly played local blues clubs.
In 1966 she recorded "Big Mama Thornton With The Muddy Waters Blues Band" featuring Muddy Waters (guitar), Sammy Lawhorn (guitar), James Cotton(harmonica), Otis Spann (piano), Luther Johnson (bass guitar), and Francis Clay (drums). Her "Ball 'n' Chain" album in 1968 with Lightnin' Hopkins (guitar) and Larry Williams (vocals), included the songs "Hound Dog", "Wade in the Water", "Little Red Rooster", "Ball 'n' Chain", "Money Taker", and "Prison Blues".
One of Thornton's last albums was "Jail" (1975) for Vanguard Records.The album was recorded in the mid-1970s at two prisons. She became the leader of a blues ensemble .Thornton performed at the Monterey Jazz Festival in 1966 and 1968, and at the San Francisco Blues Festival in 1979. In 1965 she performed with the American Folk Blues Festival package in Europe where she recorded her album "Big Mama Thornton in Europe" and followed it up the next year in San Francisco with "Big Mama Thornton with the Chicago Blues Band". Both albums came out on the Arhoolie label. Thornton continued to record for Vanguard, Mercury, and other small labels in the 1970s and to work the blues festival circuit until her death in 1984. She was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 1984.
Thornton died of a heart attack in Los Angeles on 25 July 1984 at the age of 57.
Martine Aubry
Martine Aubry (born 8 August 1950) is a French politician. She was born in Paris and is the daughter of Jacques Delors (born 1925).
Aubry was married to Xavier Aubry, and has a daughter from that marriage. In 2004, she married Jean-Louis Brochen, a French lawyer, but decided to keep the family name of her first marriage. Aubry studied economics in Paris. She also has diplomas in political sciences, social sciences and work. She has also studied at the École nationale d'administration. She became active in the Confédération française démocratique du travail, which is currently the biggest trade union of the country.
She is the mayor of Lille since 2001 and the First Secretary of the Socialist Party since 2008. She wanted to be the Socialist candidate to the 2012 presidential election but François Hollande defeated her.
Piano concerto
A piano concerto is a concerto written for piano and orchestra.
A classical piano concerto is often in three movements.
Examples by Mozart and Beethoven follow this model, but there are many others which do not. Beethoven's fourth piano concerto includes a last-movement cadenza, and many composers have made innovations – for example Liszt's single-movement concerti.
Ōei
Shōchō
Eikyō
Unilineal evolution
Unilineal evolution, also called classical social evolution, was a 19th-century social theory about the evolution of societies and cultures.
There were different theories by various sociologists and anthropologists. However, they all believed that Western culture is the peak of social evolution. Social status is seen as a single line that goes from most primitive to most civilized. This theory is now generally considered obsolete in universities.
Kakitsu
Bun'an
Shakin' Stevens
Kyōtoku
Hōtoku
Kōshō
Chōroku
Kanshō
Bunshō
Fashion Bug
Fashion Bug is a women's clothing retailer. It owned by the Lane Bryant company. Like Lane Bryant, it is focused on plus-sized clothing.
Fashion Bug was founded in 1960. It is headquartered in Margate, Florida.
Ōnin
In the "Ōnin" era, the emperor gave Yoshimasa's villa with a special name -- "Higashiyama-dono"., Construction work was interrupted by the Ōnin War.
The "Ōnin" War started in 1467. This conflict is called "Ōnin no ran" because of the nengō in which it began. The fighting began as a dispute over who should follow Ashikaga Yoshimasa as shogun after his retirement – whether it would be his brother (Yoshimi) or his son (Yoshihisa).
Rival groups of daimyo fought for military supremacy. In the end, there was no winner. The war stopped because the factions simply exhausted themselves.
Bunmei
Chōkyō
Honoré de Balzac
Honoré de Balzac (; 20 May 1799 – 18 August 1850) was a French novelist and playwright. His most famous work is "La Comédie humaine". It is a collection of novels and short stories and is about French life after 1815. La Peau de chagrin (1831), Eugénie Grandet (1833) and Le Père Goriot (1835) are some of the most famous works from this collection. His books influenced many other people such as Marcel Proust, Émile Zola, Gustave Flaubert, Charles Dickens and Edgar Allan Poe.
Tragic verse
Incomplete at time of death
Published pseudonymously
As "Lord R'Hoone", in collaboration
As "Horace de Saint-Aubin"
Published anonymously
Selected titles from "La Comédie humaine"
Leona Cavalli
Leona Cavalli (stage name Alleyona Canedo da Silva, November 6, 1969 in Rosário do Sul) is a Brazilian actress.
Her father politician, lawyer and poet and teacher mother's name, has three brothers. At birth, was named Alleyona. His mother wanted it to be Leona, but the father thought the name too strong for a baby and decided to adapt - it. Cavalli comes from their sponsors.
His childhood was in nature, playing fields by the gauchos, where the horse ran, climbed trees, swam praticaca and many other sports. With his father, who was twice mayor of the city, learned early to live with a lot of people climbing on the stump, attending rallies without bothering to be the daughter of a public person alive. With his mother, learned to appreciate the beauty and love freedom.
At age ten he was traveling, had boyfriends and wanted to be an actress.
He participated in several parts as, "A Divina Sarah", As Lágrimas Amargas de Petra Von Kant, Brincando em cima Daquilo, O Homem e o Cavalo, etc.
Then came the "Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul" (UFRGS), in the course of Performing Arts and the "Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul" (PUC), in the course of law. But, dropped everything and went to St. Paul in an attempt to do theater professionally.
Participated in several movies such as, "Um Céu de Estrelas", "Amarelo Manga", "Carandiru", "Olga", "Antônia", "Aparecida - O Milagre", etc.
Is also participated in several telenovelas and miniseries as, "Belíssima", "Bang Bang", the miniseries "Amazônia, de Galvez a Chico Mendes", "Duas Caras", "Negócio da China", etc.
In 2011, he made a cameo on the soap opera, "Araguaia". Currently, this air, soap opera, "A Vida da Gente" as Dra. Celina.
Entoku
Jonen-ji, a Buddhist temple near Edo, was founded in the Entoku era.
Hurricane Juan (1985)
Meiō
, also known as Mei-ō, was a after "Entoku" and before "Bunki." This period started in July 1492 and ended in February 1501. During this time, the emperors were and .
Hurricane Hortense
Bunki
Ballistic coefficient
In ballistics, the ballistic coefficient (BC) of a bullet is a measure of its ability to overcome air resistance in flight. A high BC means the object will slow down less. It will have more of its speed left when it reaches the target. BC depends on mass, diameter, and drag coefficient. Ballistic coefficient has units of lb/in² or kg/m². BCs for bullets are normally stated in lb/in² by their manufacturers without referring to this unit. The values for BC can be as low as 0.12 and as high as 1.00 for commonly used bullets.
A bullet with a high BC will travel farther than one with a low BC since it will keep its speed better, resist the wind better, and “shoot flatter” (see external ballistics).