AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Horne was born on June 30, 1917 in Brooklyn, New York City. She was raised in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania and in New York City. When she was three years old, her father, Edwin “Teddy” Horne, and her mother, Edna, divorced. She lived with her grandmother, Cora Calhoun, and her grandfather, Edwin Horne. Her mother was an actor and singer, but she was not very successful. She took Lena to the South, where they moved often. When she returned to Brooklyn, she continued to move often. After her career started, Horne married Louis Jones. They divorced later. They had two children, Gail and Edwin “Teddy”. Then, she was married to Leonard George “Lennie” Hayton, a white musician. Because marriage between two races was against the law in California, they were married in Paris, France. In 1970, Horne’s son and father died. The year after, Horne’s husband died of a heart attack.
Even though her parents did not want her to be a singer, she still spent a lot of time doing it. Her family thought that she was able to do better things. Later, she decided to leave high-school to spend her time singing. Horne cared a lot about helping people without equality. Horne was a singer, actress, and dancer. She mostly sang a type of music called the blues and had a strong voice. Horne began her career in the arts by dancing and singing at the Cotton Club when she was 16. When she was 25, Horne became the first black singer with a long term singing contract. A few years later she was very popular in clubs. In the 1940s and 1950s she was in many movies and musicals, such as "Stormy Weather", "The Wiz", "Ziegfeld Follies", "Till the Clouds Roll By", "Death of a Gunfighter", and in "The Duke is Tops". At age 46, Horne wrote a book about herself called “Lena.” She won the Spingarn Medal, the Tony Award, and the Drama Desk Award. Horne won these awards at ages 64 and 66. Horne died on May 9, 2010 in New York City, New York from heart failure, aged 92.
Francis Preston Blair
Francis Preston Blair, Sr. (April 12, 1791 – October 18, 1876) or Preston Blair was an American journalist and politician, before and during the American Civil War. Blair wanted to reunite the North and the South during the war. Blair helped to create the Republican Party. He supported many Democrats, but was mostly the ally of Republican President Abraham Lincoln. He is nicknamed The Father of the Republican Party since he was one of the men who started the Republican Party.
Blair was born at Abingdon, Virginia on April 12, 1791. He moved to Kentucky and later graduated from Transylvania University in 1811. Blair became a journalist in Frankfort, Kentucky and Washington D.C., and a prominent leader of the Democrats. He was married to Eliza Violet Gist from 1812 until his death in 1876. They had five children. He founded Silver Spring, the second largest city in Maryland, in 1840.
Blair helped create the Republican Party and supported the first nominee of the party, Abraham Lincoln. Although he had slaves, Blair was said that after the Mexican War that slavery should not be extended beyond where it was allowed. In 1848 he actively supported Martin Van Buren, the Free Soil Party candidate for the presidency. Later, he supported Franklin Pierce, but then went on to help organize the new Republican Party in supporting Anti-Slavery reforms at a convention at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in February 1856.
Blair wanted John C. Frémont for president and supported him at the June 1856 convention. At the 1860 convention he supported the nomination of Edward Bates as president. When it was clear that Bates would not be nominated, Blair then supported the nomination of Abraham Lincoln. Blair helped many democratic politicians to vote yes on making slavery illegal and becoming the 13th Amendment.
Blair asked President Lincoln that once Savannah, Georgia fell, he should travel to the capital of the Confederacy in Richmond, Virginia to talk to President Jefferson Davis, whom he knew. He organized a peace conference that failed.
In 1862, Blair had told his slaves that they could "go when they wished." He said that "all but one declined the privilege," choosing to stay on as servants.
Blair died on October 18, 1876 in Silver Spring, Maryland from natural causes, aged 85. He was later buried at Rock Creek Cemetery in Washington, D.C. His wife, Eliza, died on July 5, 1877, a year after his death.
In Steven Spielberg's 2012 biography movie "Lincoln", Blair was played by actor Hal Holbrook.
A town is named after him in Georgia, Blairville, Georgia.
His great-great grandson is American actor Montgomery Clift.
Araliaceae
Hindkowan
Hindkowans is a general term used to identify speakers of the Hindko dialect of North Punjabi (claimed to be a separate language, according to some people) within Pakistan. In fact this is not an ethnic grouping or category properly speaking, and comprises diverse elements in the Punjab, and small amount in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province and in Mianwali District and Dera Ghazi Khan areas of Punjab (Pakistan).
However, over time, this linguistic category or grouping has come to be linked to various indigenous regional demands and aspirations and is now thought to be an ethnic group in itself.
Patricia Neal
Patricia Neal (January 20, 1926 – August 8, 2010) was an American movie, television, stage, radio, and voice actress who is known for her roles in "Breakfast at Tiffany's", "The Day the Earth Stood Still", "Hud", "A Face in the Crowd", and in "The Fountainhead". She has won an Academy Award in 1963, two BAFTA Awards in 1963 and in 1965, an Golden Globe Award 1971, and an Tony Award in 1947.
Neal was born on January 20, 1926 in Packard, Kentucky. She was raised in Knoxville, Tennessee. She studied at Knoxville High School and at Northwestern University. Neal was married to Roald Dahl from 1953 until they divorced in 1983. They had five children. She was partners with Gary Cooper before she meet Dahl. Neal died on August 8, 2010 in Edgartown, Massachusetts from lung cancer, aged 84.
Thaddeus Stevens (April 4, 1792 – August 11, 1868) was an American Republican leader. He was one of the most powerful members of the United States House of Representatives from 1849 until his death in 1868.
He was chairman of the powerful House Ways and Means Committee. Stevens was a witty, sarcastic speaker and confident party leader. He dominated the House from 1861 until his death. Stevens helped create the 14th Amendment to the United States Constitution. He also helped with the act that helped the Reconstruction of the United States.
Stevens was born in Danville, Vermont on April 4, 1792. He went to Dartmouth College and the University of Vermont. Stevens was never married and had no children. He was in a relationship with his black housekeeper even when slavery was legal. He wore a wig because he was bald.
He wrote much of the financial legislation that paid for the American Civil War. Stevens and Senator Charles Sumner were the prime leaders of the Radical Republicans during the war and Reconstruction era. He worked and supported Abraham Lincoln's plan to end slavery and the U.S. reconstruction plan. He was part of Andrew Johnson's impeachment.
Stevens died on August 11, 1868 in Washington, D.C. from a stomach infection, aged 76. He was buried in Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
Stevens never married. However, there were rumors about his 20-year relationship (1848–1868) with his widowed housekeeper, Lydia Hamilton Smith (1813–1884). She was a light-skinned African-American; her husband Jacob and at least one of her sons were much darker than she was.
He was played by actor Tommy Lee Jones in Steven Spielberg's 2012 biography movie "Lincoln".
Lincoln (movie)
Lincoln is a 2012 biographical war drama movie that is based on events during the life of the 16th United States President Abraham Lincoln. The movie was made by Disney's Touchstone label, Dreamworks, and 20th Century Fox. The movie is based on Doris Kearns Goodwin's book .
"Lincoln" tells about President Abraham Lincoln during January 1865, in his efforts to pass the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution in the United States House of Representatives, which would finally ban slavery in the country. Expecting the Civil War to end within a month but concerned that his 1863 Emancipation Proclamation may be rejected by the courts once the war has stopped and the 13th Amendment defeated by the returning slave states. President Lincoln seeks help from his cabinet including the founder of the Republican Party Francis Preston Blair who can help congress vote yes on stopping slavery. As he talks about the Democrats saying no, Lincoln talks to Secretary of State William H. Seward about the problem of Democrats. As Thaddeus Stevens convinces the congress to vote yes on abolishing slavery, Union Army General Ulysses S. Grant received a surrender from Confederate General Robert E. Lee. Later on April 14, 1865, Lincoln has a final meeting with his cabinet and prepares to go to a play with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln. The movie ends when Lincoln's son receives the news that his father died after being shot at Ford's Theater. As the movie ends it shows flashbacks of Lincoln's second inaugural address.
As of November 22, 2012, the movie has made $32,291,000 from 1,775 theaters. The movie opened at 11 theaters with $944,308 and an average of $85,846 per theater. It opened at the #15 rank, becoming the highest opening of a movie with such a limited release.
The movie was nominated for seven Golden Globe Awards including: Best Musical Score for John Williams, Best Supporting Actor Tommy Lee Jones, Best Supporting Actress for Sally Field, Best Screenplay for Tony Kushner, Best Director Steven Spielberg, and Best Movie. The movie only won one Golden Globe, given to Daniel Day-Lewis for Best Leading Actor.
The movie was nominated for four Screen Actors Guild Awards including: Best Crew in a Motion Picture, Best Female Actor in a Supporting Role for Sally Field. It won two for Best Supporting Actor for Tommy Lee Jones and Best Male Actor in a Leading Role for Daniel Day-Lewis.
The movie was nominated for 12 Academy Awards some of them includes: Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Cinematography, Best Sound Mixing, Best Costume Design, Best Film Editing, Best Original Score. Lincoln won the Academy Award for Best Production Design to Rick Carter and Jim Ericson.
"Lincoln" was released on Blu-ray, DVD, and digital download on March 26, 2013 from Touchstone Home Entertainment. The release was produced in two different physical packages: a 2-disc combo pack (Blu-ray and DVD); and a 1-disc DVD.
Benjamin Wade
Benjamin Franklin "Bluff" Wade (October 27, 1800 – March 2, 1878) was a U.S. lawyer and United States Senator. In the Senate, he was associated with the Radical Republicans of that time. Wade was only one vote away from becoming the President of the United States due to the impeachment of Andrew Johnson.
Wade was born on October 27, 1800 in Springfield, Massachusetts. He was raised in Jefferson, Ohio. Wade was married to Caroline M. Rosekrans from 1841 until his death in 1878. They had two children. Wade died on March 2, 1878 in Jefferson, Ohio from natural causes, aged 77.
Japanese New Year
Yoshirō Mori
In 2014, he was appointed to be in charge of the organizing committee for the 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympics. He resigned in February 2021 after he made some sexist comments at a committee meeting.
Harry Tjutjuna
Harry Tjutjuna is an Aboriginal artist from central Australia. He belongs to the Pitjantjatjara people. Tjutjuna began painting in 2005. He held his first solo exhibition in 2007, in Darwin. His work is now held in several major public galleries in Australia, including the Art Gallery of New South Wales, the National Gallery of Victoria, and the National Gallery of Australia. His painting ' (Bilby Dreaming Story) was a finalist for the Togard Contemporary Art Award in 2009. In 2010 and 2011, another of Tjutjuna's paintings, ', was chosen as a finalist in both the Western Australian Indigenous Art Awards, and the National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award (NATSIAA).
Tjutjuna was born around 1930. He was born in the bushland close to what is now the community of Pipalyatjara in the north-west corner of South Australia. Sources disagree on where exactly he was born. Some say he was born at Walytjatjara, a place to the north-east of Pipalyatjara, just over the border in the Northern Territory. Others say that he was born at Mount Davies, a hill that overlooks Pipalyatjara.
When Tjutjuna was still young, his family settled at Ernabella. He went to school on the mission there and later worked as a labourer for the community. He later moved back west to live in the communities of Irrunytju and Pipalyatjara after they were established. He moved there with his wives and children to be closer to his homeland. In his later life, Tjutjuna became known as an important traditional healer (') and law man (') for the Pitjantjatjara.
Tjutjuna began painting in late 2005, when he was aged in his mid-seventies. He was living again at Ernabella, and began to paint for the community's art company Ernabella Arts. His work at Ernabella depicted "Tjukurpa" (traditional law or stories from the Dreamtime). It supported a shift in subject matter for the centre's artists, from quite secular to more spiritual subjects. In 2008, Tjutjuna moved back to Pipalyatjara and began work for Ninuku Arts.
Tjutjuna paints concepts and stories from his Dreaming (spirituality). His main personal totem is a spider ('), and his Dreaming revolves around the (Spider Man Dreaming). According to his Dreaming, which was passed on to him from previous generations, Tjutjuna's ancestor is a powerful being known as the Spider Man. This creature is said to have created Tjutjuna's country in the Dreamtime, and so Tjutjuna associates his country, his heritage and himself with this set of beliefs. In this way, the paintings are autobiographical in addition to depicting traditional stories. Tjutjuna identifies himself as the Spider Man, and his paintings are often seen to symbolise his work as a ' (healer). Because his totem is a spider, he uses spider webs to treat wounds on people's skin.
Tjutjuna also paints figures from several other Dreaming stories associated with his country, such as the Wati Maḻu (Red Kangaroo Man) and the Kungka Mingkiri (Mice Women). Many of the paintings have sexual themes. One of Tjutjuna's most famous paintings, "", is a composition of two Dreaming stories. It depicts the story of the Kungkarungkara (Seven Sisters), which is about the constellations of Pleiades (the sisters) and Orion. Tjutjuna painted it from the male's perspective. , a shape-shifting man, chases the seven sisters and catches the youngest, raping her. The other story depicted is from the Spider Man Dreaming. The painting was chosen as a finalist for the Western Australian Indigenous Art Awards in 2010, and the National Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Art Award in 2011.
Tjutjuna paints in the typical style of the Western Desert, which can be seen as very abstract. The figures in his paintings, ancestral beings, are obscured and encoded for cultural reasons. He uses fields of dots to represent their interactions, and lines to represent their journeys across the landscape. The landscape is depicted with the earthly colours of the desert (reds, oranges, ochres and white). In his works depicting , he often paints circular patterns across the background. This motif is used to represent both a spider's web and the spider man's many women. Tjutjuna is also known for drip paintings.
2012 Asia Cup
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 16
America's Next Top Model, Cycle 16 is the sixteenth cycle of "America's Next Top Model" and the tenth season to be aired on The CW network. It premiered on February 23, 2011. The international destination for this cycle is Marrakech, Morocco. The winner was 19-year-old Brittani Kline from Beech Creek, Pennsylvania.
The Kingdom of God, or Kingdom of Heaven is an important religious idea. It is found in Judaism, Christianity and Islam
God has a 'Kingdom' of His own. The Parables of Jesus talk about the Kingdom. Life here is seen as a test for us and if we follow the orders of God and do good deeds then we shall be rewarded in an Afterlife, where 'good' people alone will enter the heaven with all its joys.
Those who do evil will not get to heaven.
Adinath Temple, Maheshkhali
Adinath Temple is on the summit of a hill, on Maheshkhali Island, off the coast of Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. The temple is dedicated to the Hindu God Adi Nath, a synonym of Shiva. The temple is famous for the fair held once a year at the foot of the hill. The fair lasts thirteen days and draws thousands of Hindus from across Bangladesh.
Chandranath Temple
Alec McCowen
Alexander Duncan "Alec" McCowen CBE (May 26, 1925 – February 6, 2017) was an English movie, television, stage, radio, and voice actor who was known for his roles in "Frenzy", "Gangs of New York", "Never Say Never Again", "The Age of Innocence", and in "Travels with My Aunt".
McCowen was born on May 26, 1925 in Royal Tunbridge Wells, Kent. He was raised in London, England. McCowen studied at Skinner's School and at the Royal Academy of the Dramatic Arts. He was gay. His partner, Geoffrey Burridge died from AIDS in 1987.
McCowen died at his home in London, England on February 6, 2017, aged 91.
Bill Tarmey
Bill Tarmey (born William Piddington GBE; 4 April 1941 – 9 November 2012) was an English actor, singer, author, and comedian, he was best known for playing the role of Jack Duckworth in the long-running ITV soap opera, "Coronation Street", first playing the role in 1979, he played the role regularly from 1983 to 2010.
Tarmey was born on 4 April 1941 in Ardwick, Manchester, England. He was married to Alma Tarmey from 1962 until his death in 2012. They had a son and daughter. Tarmey died on the morning of 9 November 2012 in Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain from a heart attack, aged 71.
Stanley Tucci
Stanley Tucci (born November 11, 1960) is an American character actor, writer, producer and film director who is known for his roles in Winchell and in The Lovely Bones. He has won two Golden Globe Awards and two Emmy Awards.
Tucci was born on November 11, 1960 in Peekskill, New York. He was raised in Katonah, New York. He studied at John Jay High School and at SUNY Purchase. Tucci was married to Kathryn Spath from 1995 until her death in 2009. Then he was married to Felicity Blunt since 2012. He has three children with Spath. He currently lives in London.
Mia Wasikowska
Mia Wasikowska (born 14 October 1989) is an Australian movie, television, and voice actress who is mostly known for her role as Alice in Tim Burton's "Alice in Wonderland". She is also known for her television role as Sophie in "In Treatment".
Wasikowska was born and raised in Canberra, Australia. She has an older sister named Jess, and a younger brother named Kai. Her mother, Marzena Wasikowska, is a photographer from Poland while her father, John Reid, is an Australian painter-and-collagist. As a child, she frequently accompanied her parents on their gallery rounds in Europe, and in her spare time, she continues to enjoy photography. She studied ballet as a child and turned to acting when she was 15.
After some television and movie works in Australia, Wasikowska moved to Los Angeles to be in the cable drama "In Treatment". Her portrayal of a suicidal teen earned critical praise and led to more work in American movies, including "Defiance" and "Amelia". In Tim Burton's Alice, Wasikowska co-starred with Johnny Depp, Anne Hathaway, Helena Bonham Carter and carried a blockbuster movie, appearing in almost every scene. She won an AFI International Award, a Teen Choice Award and nominated an Empire Award for her performance. In 2009, it was announced that Wasikowska was cast in the Lisa Cholodenko-directed indie comedy film "The Kids Are All Right" alongside Annette Bening, Julianne Moore, Josh Hutcherson and Mark Ruffalo. Film received positive reviews from critics, and Wasikowska received Hollywood Film Festival Breakthrough Actress Award for her role. From March to May 2010, Wasikowska filmed Cary Fukunaga's adaptation of Jane Eyre, in which she starred as the title character opposite Michael Fassbender as Mr. Rochester. In 2011, Wasikowska shot the small supporting role of Shia LaBeouf's character's love interest in John Hillcoat's "Lawless". Then she filmed the lead in Park Chan-wook's English-language debut movie, "Stoker", alongside Nicole Kidman and Matthew Goode. In 2014, she starred in David Cronenberg movie titled "Maps to the Stars" with Julianne Moore, John Cusack, Robert Pattinson, Olivia Williams, and Sarah Gadon which premiered in competition for the Palme d'Or at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival.
In November 2013, it was announced that Wasikowska was cast in "Alice Through the Looking Glass", the 2016 sequel to "Alice in Wonderland".
Wasikowska lives in Bronte, New South Wales. In 2013, she began dating her "The Double" co-star Jesse Eisenberg. The two split in 2015.
Alfred Hermann Fried
Alfred Hermann Fried (November 11, 1864 – May 5, 1921) was an Austrian Jewish pacifist, publicist, journalist, co-founder of the German peace movement, and winner (with Tobias Asser) of the Nobel Prize for Peace in 1911.
Fried was born in Vienna, Austria-Hungary on November 11, 1864. Fried left school at the age of 15 and started to work in a bookshop. In 1883 he moved to Berlin, where he opened a bookshop of his own in 1887.
In 1892 he was a co-founder of the German Peace Society (). He was one of the fathers of the idea of a modern organisation to assure worldwide peace (the principal idea was fulfilled in the League of Nations and after the Second World War in the United Nations).
Fried was a prominent member of the Esperanto-movement. In 1903 he published the book "" ("Textbook of the International Language of Esperanto"). In 1911 he received the Nobel Peace Prize together with Tobias Asser. During the First World War he lived in Switzerland. Fried died in Vienna on May 5, 1921, aged 56.
Christian Lous Lange
Christian Lous Lange (September 17, 1869 – December 11, 1938) was a Norwegian historian, teacher, and political scientist. He was one of the world's foremost exponents of the theory and practice of internationalism.
Lange was born in Stavanger, Norway on September 17, 1869. His father was a military engineer. He graduated from secondary school in 1887 and later went to travel and study history, English, and French at the University of Oslo in Oslo, Norway. He received the cand. philol. degree in 1893. He taught at secondary schools for many years and eventually returned to the University of Oslo to receive a doctorate.
His support of internationalism was demonstrated by the first of a three volume historical treatise (Histoire de l'internationalisme). The work, published in 1919, was said to contribute to the ideological preparation for the League of Nations. For this and all his other activities, Lange shared the Nobel Peace Prize with Hjalmar Branting in 1921.
Lange died on December 11, 1938 in Oslo, Norway from an illness, aged 69.
Tobias Asser
Tobias Michael Carel Asser (April 28, 1838 – July 29, 1913) was a Dutch lawyer and legal scholar of Jewish background. In 1911, he was cowinner (with Alfred Hermann Fried) of the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in the formation of the Permanent Court of Arbitration at the first Hague peace conference (1899).
Asser was born on April 28, 1838 in Amsterdam, Netherlands. He was the son of Carel Daniel Asser (1813-85), and grandson of Carel Asser (1780-1836). He studied law at the University of Amsterdam and Leiden University and was law professor at the University of Amsterdam. Asser died on July 29, 1913 in The Hague, Netherlands, aged 75.
Hjalmar Branting
Karl Hjalmar Branting (23 November 1860 – 24 February 1925) was a Swedish politician. He was the leader of the Swedish Social Democratic Party (1907–1925), and Prime Minister during three separate periods (1920, 1921–1923, and 1924–1925). When Branting came to power in 1920, he was the first Social Democratic Prime Minister of Sweden. When he took office for a second term after the general election of 1921, he became the first socialist politician in Europe to do so following elections with universal suffrage. He won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1921 with Christian Lous Lange.
He was also minister of Finance and Foreign Affairs.
Branting was born on November 23, 1860 in Stockholm, Sweden. He studied at the University of Uppsala. He was married to Anna Branting. Branting died on February 24, 1925 in Stockholm, Sweden from unknown causes, aged 64.
Binocular vision is vision in which both eyes are used together. It can mean having two eyes instead of one, but more often it means having a visual field which is put together by the brain with input from both eyes. This is the standard equipment for vertebrates and many other types of animals.
Humans have a maximum horizontal field of view of about 200 degrees with two eyes. About 120 degrees make up the binocular field of view (seen by both eyes), and two side fields of about 40 degrees seen by only one eye.
Our system of vision uses parallax to give precise depth information, called stereopsis. Such binocular vision is usually accompanied by singleness of vision or "binocular fusion", in which a single image is seen even though each eye has its own image of an object.
Stereopsis is the impression of depth we get when we look at a scene with both eyes. Binocular viewing of a scene creates two slightly different images of the scene in the two eyes due to the eyes' different positions on the head. These differences give information that the brain uses to calculate depth in the visual scene. The term 'stereopsis' is often used as short hand for 'binocular vision', 'binocular depth perception' or 'stereoscopic depth perception', though strictly speaking, the impression of depth associated with stereopsis can also be got under other conditions, such as when an observer views a scene with only one eye while moving. Observer motion creates differences in the single retinal image over time similar to binocular disparity; this is referred to as "motion parallax".
Some animals, usually but not always prey animals, have their two eyes positioned on opposite sides of their heads to give the widest possible field of view. Examples include rabbits, buffaloes, and antelopes. In such animals, the eyes often move independently to increase the field of view. Even without moving their eyes, some birds have a 360-degree field of view.
Other animals, usually but not always predatory animals, have their two eyes positioned on the front of their heads, thereby allowing for binocular vision and reducing their field of view in favor of stereopsis. Examples include humans, eagles, wolves, and snakes.
Some predator animals, particularly large ones such as sperm whales and killer whales, have their two eyes positioned on opposite sides of their heads. Other animals that are not necessarily predators, such as fruit bats and a number of primates also have forward facing eyes. These are usually animals that need fine depth discrimination/perception; for instance, binocular vision improves the ability to pick a chosen fruit or to find and grasp a particular branch.
In animals with forward-facing eyes, the eyes usually move together. Some animals use both strategies. A starling, for example, has laterally placed eyes to cover a wide field of view, but can also move them together to point to the front so their fields overlap giving stereopsis. A remarkable example is the chameleon, whose eyes appear to be mounted on turrets, each moving independently of the other, up or down, left or right. Nevertheless, the chameleon can bring both of its eyes to bear on a single object when it is hunting.
Fredrik Bajer
Fredrik Bajer (April 21, 1837 – January 22, 1922) was a Danish writer, teacher, and pacifist politician. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1908.
Bajer was born on April 21, 1837 in Vester Egede, Denmark. He fought in the 1864 war against Prussia and Austria where he was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. He was discharged in 1865, and moved to Copenhagen where he became a teacher, translator and writer.
He entered the Danish Parliament in 1872 as a member of Folketinget and held a seat there for the following 23 years. As a member of parliament, he worked for the use of international arbitration to solve conflicts among nations, and it is due to Bajer's efforts that foreign relations became part of the work of the Danish Parliament and that Denmark participated in the Inter-Parliamentary Union from the beginning and earned a distinguished position among its members.
He supported many peace organizations, both inside Denmark and Europe-wide. He helped guide the passage of a bill to reach arbitration agreements with Sweden and Norway.
Bajer died on January 22, 1922 in Copenhagen, Denmark from unknown causes, aged 84.
Charles Albert Gobat (May 21, 1843 – March 16, 1914) was a Swiss lawyer, educational administrator, and politician. He jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize with Élie Ducommun in 1902 for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.
Gobat was born on May 21, 1843 at Tramelan, Switzerland. He was the son of a Protestant pastor. He was the nephew of Samuel Gobat, a missionary who became bishop of Jerusalem. He was educated at the University of Basel, University of Heidelberg, University of Bern, and University of Paris. He received his doctorate in law, "summa cum laude", from the University of Heidelberg in 1867.
In 1902, Gobat jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Élie Ducommun for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.
After the death of Élie Ducommun in 1906, Gobat took over the direction of the International Peace Bureau.
Gobat died on March 16, 1914 in Bern, Switzerland from unknown causes, aged 70. He died while attending a meeting of the peace conference at Bern. He stood as if to speak but collapsed, dying about an hour later.
Herzl Museum
Élie Ducommun
Élie Ducommun (19 February 1833 – 7 December 1906) was a Swiss peace activist. He won the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with Charles Albert Gobat.
Ducommun was born in Geneva Switzerland on December 19, 1833. Ducommun worked as a tutor, language teacher, journalist and a translator for the Swiss federal Chancellery (1869–1873).
In 1867, he helped to found the (League for Peace and Liberty), though he continued working at other positions, including secretary for the Jura-Simplon Steel Company from 1873 to 1891. That year, he was appointed director of the newly formed (International Peace Office), the first non-governmental international peace organization, based in Bern. He refused to accept a salary for the position, stating that he wished to serve in this capacity solely for reasons of idealism.
His keen organizational skills ensured the group's success. He was awarded in the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902 with Charles Albert Gobart. He served as director of the organization until his death.
Ducommun died on December 7, 1906 in Bern, Switzerland from unknown causes, aged 73.
Garden of the Missing in Action
Garden of the Missing in Action (, "") is a memorial garden in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. It is in the National Military and Police cemetery of Israel. The garden is dedicated to the missing in action whose bodies were never found from 1914 until today. There is also a temporary monument for the unknown soldiers. It is planned to move this to the National Memorial Hall. The memorial includes names of Jewish and non-Jewish soldiers and officers who have served in the Israeli Army and Israeli Police. The garden was built in 1954 a short time after an ancient Jewish cave was discovered nearby. It became the "Garden of the Missing" in 2004. The garden includes "empty graves" with a memorial board with all the names of the missing in action next to a memorial plaza.
The Operation Boatswain Memorial is next to the garden.
Leif Garrett (born Leif Per Nervik; November 8, 1961) is an American singer, actor and television personality. He became famous in the late 1970s as a teen idol, but received much publicity in later life for his drug abuse and legal troubles.
Garrett was born on November 8, 1961 in Hollywood, California.
Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial in Israel
The Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial in Israel (Hebrew: אנדרטת חללי פעולות האיבה, Andartat Halalei Pe'ulot HaEiva) is a memorial to all victims of terrorism in Israel from 1851 onward. The memorial is located at the National Civil Cemetery of the State of Israel in Mount Herzl in Jerusalem. The memorial includes the names of Jewish and non-Jewish people who have been killed in acts of terror.
Dalton's law
Eretz Israel Museum
Marina and the Diamonds
Marina Lambrini Diamandis (born 10 October 1985), better known by her stage name Marina and the Diamonds is a Welsh singer-songwriter. She rose to fame after placing second in the BBC Sound of 2010 poll behind Ellie Goulding in the United Kingdom.
Her debut album "The Family Jewels" was released in 2010, which contained five singles. The album reached number five upon release in the UK. Lead single "Mowgli's Road" was re-released in November 2009 whilst Marina was working on the album. Second single "Hollywood" peaked at number 12 in the UK Singles Chart. Third and fourth singles "I Am Not A Robot" and "Oh No!" became other top forty hits. Fifth and final single "Shampain" was released in October 2010.
Marina released the single "Radioactive" in October 2011 as a lead single for her second album "Electra Heart", and it became her fourth top forty single. "Primadonna" was used as the lead single instead in April 2012 and achieved worldwide success. Marina released "Electra Heart" in the UK a week after the release of the song. It debuted at number one in the UK whilst "Primadonna" reached number eleven. "Power & Control" was released only in the UK as a second single.
Marina's third studio album, 'FROOT' was released 13 March 2015 following the leak of the whole album in February of that year. Many critics named this the best album ever released in terms of lyrics, production and general aesthetic.
On 16 July 2014, Marina published the bridge of the absolute tune, 'I'm Not Hungry Anymore', on Instagram, which many hoped would appear in FROOT repackage. Unfortunately not. However, in 2017 the whole song was leaked and revealed to be an absolute bop.
In 2016, Marina joined Clean Bandit at Coachella, performing 'Disconnect' which would be released as a single in 2017, after some (limited) request from the fanbase.
Mid-2018 Marina began teasing her upcoming album, posting a cute note on twitter and Instagram saying new album will come in Autumn. To mixed reception, she announced a collaboration called 'Someone Else's Baby' with Clean Bandit, who you may recall she performed with in 2016 and her boyfriend, Jack Patterson, is in it. She also teased some lyrics to what would soon become 'Orange Trees', released in 2019.
In February 2019, Marina announced her fourth and most recent studio album and tour, 'Love + Fear', to be released on 26th April 2019, an album of two 8 song discs. However, to much surprise she released the 'Love' half, on 4th April 2019, at 4pm on a Thursday! (UK time). 'Fear' was released as planned on 26th April. 'Love + Fear' reached number 1 in 6 countries on release day, including Russia and Greece. It reached number 3 in the UK on the ITunes album chart.
Marina is classed as a New Wave artist by critics. She is mostly known for her pop, electronic and more alternative music.
Diamandis was born in Abergavenny, Wales. Her mother is Welsh and her father is Greek. Her parents separated when Marina was sixteen and she moved to Greece to live with her father but returned to Wales two years later.
Marina first used MySpace to release music and she released two EPs before releasing her debut album. She was signed to Neon Records in 2008.
Marina's stage name is a mix of her first name and "the Diamonds", which she says represents her fans and her surname rather than her backing band.
Roy E. Disney
Roy Edward Disney (January 10, 1930 – December 16, 2009) was an American animator and executive for The Walt Disney Company. He is the nephew of Walt Disney. Disney is the last member of the Disney family. He and Michael Eisner are one of the most well known people in the Disney industry. Disney had about 1.2 million dollars.
Disney was born on January 10, 1930 in Los Angeles, California to Roy O. Disney and to Edna Francis. He was raised in Los Angeles, California and in Chicago, Illinois.
He studied at the Buckley School and at Pomona College. He was married to Patricia Ann Dailey from 1955 until they divorced in 2007. Then he was married to Leslie DeMeuse from 2008 until his death in 2009. He has three children with Dailey.
Disney died on the morning of December 16, 2009 from stomach cancer in Newport Beach, California, aged 79. After his death, his remains were cremated and his ashes were scattered at the Pacific Ocean.
Volcani Institute of Agricultural Research
The Volcani Institute of Agricultural Research (Hebrew: מכון וולקני) is an agricultural research center named after its founder and director Yitzhak Elazari Volcani. The Institute is located in Rishon LeZion, Israel.
Academy of the Hebrew Language
The Family Jewels (album)
The Family Jewels is an album released by Marina and the Diamonds on 15 February 2010. It has received mostly positive reviews scoring 68/100 on Metacritic.
It debuted at number five on the UK Albums Chart, selling 27,618 copies in its first week. It also peaked at number 7 in Greece, 9 in Ireland and 20 on the European Top 100 Albums Chart. The album gave Marina three top forty singles in the UK.
Only in UK and Ireland:
Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities is the supreme institution for sciences and humanities in Israel. The headquarters are located in Jerusalem.
Electra Heart (album)
Electra Heart is an album released by Marina and the Diamonds on 27 February 2012. It was met with average reviews, scoring 57/100 on Metacritic.
Marina has released a series of seven videos on YouTube surrounding the release of "Electra Heart". Part 2, 4, 6 and 7 are music videos to singles released from the album.
The album entered at number one in the United Kingdom (selling 21,358 copies) and Ireland. It also peaked at number 2 on the US Dance/Electronic Albums chart, whilst reaching the top twenty in three other countries. It also reached number 31 on the US Billboard 200.
Gentianaceae
Gentianaceae are a family of flowering plants of 87 genera and over 1500 species.
Distribution is cosmopolitan. The family consists of trees, shrubs and herbs showing a wide range of colours and floral patterns.
Economically, some species are cultivated ornamental plants and many species yield bitter principles used medicinally and in flavorings.
Many of this group are mycoheterotrophs: their roots need fungi to break down organic material for them to absorb.
Total Drama
Total Drama is a Canadian adult animated television series in the Canada that aired with currently six "Total Drama" seasons premiere ordered by Cartoon Network From June 12, 2008 to October 16, 2015.
There are currently six seasons in the "Total Drama" series that have aired below the airdates listed in the table are from the original American airings.
"Total Drama Island" is the first season of the series. It first premiered on June 12, 2008 on Cartoon Network in the United States. This season takes place at Camp Wawanakwa, a fictional island located somewhere in Muskoka, Ontario to meet the host Chris McLean, where the season is based on a summer camp theme (although a contestant is eliminated at the end of every episode). Like the whole series, this season is a competition to see which of the twenty-two characters which are: Beth, DJ, Gwen, Geoff, Lindsay, Heather, Duncan, Tyler, Harold, Trent, Bridgette, Noah, Leshawna, Katie, Sadie, Ezekiel, Cody, Eva, Owen, Courtney, Justin and Izzy will survive and last the longest. This is because the contestants are brutally tortured along the way through the intense challenges they are given. Challenges are sometimes based on other reality shows like "Fear Factor" and "Survivor". All of this is so that the winner of the season (the one to last the longest on the island and not get eliminated), will win a small fortune of C$100,000 and cheesy fame. Eliminated contestants are sent packing toward the Dock of Shame and must ride the Boat of Losers off the island.
"Total Drama Action" is the second season of the series. It premiered on June 11, 2009 on Cartoon Network in the United States It is a sequel to the first season of the series, "Total Drama Island". In this season, fourteen characters from "Total Drama Island" returned: Geoff, Bridgette, Harold, Leshawna, Owen, Duncan, Beth, DJ, Trent, Gwen, Heather, Izzy, Justin and Lindsay. Courtney returns later on in the season due to a lawsuit. In this season, the contestants are taken to a brand new location: an old film lot in the center of Toronto, Ontario. The challenges are now based on movie genres, and the grand prize is now C$1,000,000. Cody, Noah, Ezekiel, Eva, Katie, Sadie, and Tyler do not return to compete, but still appeared for the aftermath special, an extra show which was hosted by Bridgette and Geoff, the first two eliminated contestants. All losers must take the Walk of Shame on the red carpet and ride the Lame-o-sine.
"Total Drama World Tour" is the third season of the series. It premiered on June 28, 2010 on Cartoon Network in United States. In this season, seventeen contestants are taken on a trip around the world as they compete in cultural themed challenges based on the countries or regions that they visit. An added twist in this season is that the contestants are required to break spontaneously into song, or else be immediately eliminated by Chris (although this rule was not strongly enforced, and no one was eliminated for not singing anyway). seventeen of the original and new characters from "Total Drama Island" returned: Courtney, Duncan, Heather, Gwen, Leshawna, Lindsay, Owen, DJ, Harold, Noah, Cody, Ezekiel, Izzy, Tyler, Bridgette, Alejandro and Sierra also joined the cast at the beginning of this season. Additionally, a third new character, Blaineley, was brought on to compete past the halfway point of the season. Geoff, Eva, Katie, Sadie, Trent, Justin, and Beth did not return to compete, but have instead appeared for the aftermath specials. The prize for this season is also C$1,000,000. People are eliminated by jumping off the Drop of Shame.
"Total Drama Revenge of the Island" is the fourth season of the series. The series' extension was commissioned by Cartoon Network from the producers, that premiered in the United States on June 5, 2012. This season returns to Camp Wawanakwa (the original setting of the first season), but no contestants from previous seasons return. Instead, a new set of thirteen contestants compete, which are: Jo, Scott, Zoey, Mike, Lightning, Brick, Beverly, Dawn, Dakota, Anne Maria, Staci, Cameron and Sam. However, some characters from the original cast still have cameo appearances throughout the season. Also, due to the island being abandoned for the past two seasons, Chris had lent the island to a biohazardous waste dump company, causing the island to turn radioactive. This means that causes of radiation and toxic waste is the main theme for this season. This season only contains 14 episodes (half the length of a regular season), and the cash prize is once again C$1,000,000. The contestants are eliminated off the island by the Hurl of Shame.
"Total Drama All Stars and Pahkitew Island" is the fifth season of the series, while the season premiered on September 10, 2013 on Cartoon Network in the United States. This segment is 26 episodes long, just like some of the previous seasons. "Total Drama All Stars" features the fourteen contestants from the previous two seasons, which are: Mike, Zoey, Lightning, Cameron, Sam, Scott, Jo, Courtney, Gwen, Duncan, Heather, Lindsay, Sierra and Alejandro. They all compete in several "Heroes vs. Villains" themed challenges, which means that the protagonists (heroes) team up and compete against the antagonists (villains). People will now be eliminated by taking the Flush of Shame and the winner once again takes home C$1,000,000. Total Drama Pahkitew Island takes place at a new location, this time on an island called Camp Pahkitew located somewhere in Western Canada. A new set of fourteen contestants compete in this season, which are: Ella, Sky, Max, Dave, Leonard, Beardo, Amy, Samey, Jasmine, Topher, Sugar, Scarlett, Rodney and Shawn. And the Eliminations take place via the Cannon of Shame and features another one million dollar grand prize. Pahkitew Island features various similar elements to Camp Wawanakwa but the island is much bigger.
"Total Drama Ridonculous Race" is the sixth season of the series. It Premiered on September 7, 2015 on Cartoon Network in the United States. Meet the New Host Don as 18 teams which are: Carrie and Devin (The Best Friends), Kelly and Taylor (Mom and Daughter), Emma and Kitty (The Sisters), Crimson and Ennui (The Goths), Noah and Owen (The Reality TV Pros), Jay and Mickey (The Adversity Twins), Ryan and Stephanie (The Daters), Jacques and Josee (The Ice Dancers), Brody and Geoff (The Surfer Dudes), Dwayne and Junior (Father and Son), MacArthur and Sanders (The Police Cadets), Chet and Lorenzo (The Stepbrothers), Jen and Tom (The Fashion Bloggers), Rock and Spud (The Rockers), Laurie and Miles (The Vegans), Ellody and Mary (The Geniuses), Leonard and Tammy (The LARPers) and Gerry and Pete (The Tennis Rivals) as they travel around the world and take home C$1,000,000 to the Chill Zone.
It was confirmed on February 17th, 2021 that 2 new seasons of Total Drama were now starting production, and would be streaming on HBO Max.
List of Total Drama episodes
This article contains a list of all the episodes to the "Total Drama" series in the American cable television channel, Cartoon Network. This series currently consists of six seasons: Every season each consists of 27 episodes although a special episode is sometimes added as a transition from two seasons to another, except for the third season which only has 26 episodes and for the fourth season which only has 14 episodes and for the fifth and sixth season which only has 13 episodes. In the Cartoon Network release, in the beginning of each episode, Chris McLean narrates a voice introduction with a written disclaimer as follows: ""This episode of Total Drama contains scenes of extreme stunts performed by animated teens. Do not try any of what you see here at home. Seriously, you could get really messed up."" and laughs. In the United States, Cartoon Network creates a disclaimer with a TV-PG-D rating before the previous show's recap. The episodes in the series are listed and ordered in their original American titles and numbers.
Source for table:
This is a brief summary displaying all the airdates by month for the entire "Total Drama" series throughout the years.
The series is only designed to have one commercial break on every episode; this is seen by the episode fading in and fading out at the middle of each episode, while Chris (or Geoff in the Aftermath episodes) says a line (like ""We'll be right back!"", for example) right before the screen fades. Originally, Cartoon Network, they have two or sometimes three commercial breaks on each episode, resulting in an edit-out and interrupting the main plot of that episode. One example is when a contestant, or a team, wins a certain challenge, and then all of a sudden, the screen fades and a commercial pops out. Usually, Chris is supposed to warn the viewers that a commercial break is coming, and says so before the fade-in, this scene is only shown on the middle of each episode, which is a perfect place for a commercial break for Cartoon Network.
In almost every episode, there is an elimination. The tables below display all the ranks and eliminations of all the contestants throughout the entire series.
In almost every episode, there is an elimination in the tables below display all the ranks and eliminations of all the contestants throughout the entire series.
Gatka