AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The city, incorporated in 1888, now has a population of 94,425. Its current mayor is Aja Brown. The city was known for having one of the highest crime rates in the United States.
Compton has been experiencing gentrification. Compton now has a large Latino and Mexican population.
Sibi Division
Quetta Division
Zhob Division
Rawalpindi Division
Sargodha Division
Sargodha Division () is an administrative division of four districts of the Punjab Province of Pakistan
Before October 1988, divisional system was abolished by the reforms of 2000 the third tier of government.
Faisalabad Division
Billups Neon Crossing Signal
The Billups Neon Crossing Signal was a special signal to warn car and truck drivers that a train was coming. It was placed at a dangerous Illinois Central railroad crossing on Mississippi State Route 7 in Grenada, Mississippi.
It was put up in the mid-1930s by inventor Alonzo Billups. Mr. Billups and the railroad were worried; the crossing had many accidents between trains and motor vehicles. He wanted drivers who were going to cross the tracks to know that a train was coming and he wanted to do it in a very big way. The Billups signal was built like a giant steel gantry which went up and over the entire highway. This is similar to crossing signals used today in North America; Mr. Billups' signal may have been the very first time such a signal was built. A pair of flashing red lights similar to those used today topped giant neon signs on either side of the big gantry. The signs lit up with the words "Stop-DEATH-Stop" along with a neon skull and crossbones. Flashing neon arrows pointed toward the train to tell drivers which way the train was coming. The Billups Neon Crossing Signal even had a special way of warning drivers with sound. Instead of the electric or electronic bells used now, this signal used a very loud air raid siren.
After World War II started, neon became hard to get. The signal had electrical problems as well. Often, the air raid siren would go off even if no train was coming and it wouldn't shut off until the railroad sent a repair crew. No more of these special signals were ever built and the only one ever built was taken down after less than twenty years.
Metacarpal bones
The metacarpus is the intermediate part of the hand skeleton. It is between the phalanges (bones of the fingers) and the carpals which form the connection to the forearm. The metacarpus consists of metacarpal bones.
Calcareous sponge
The calcareous sponges of class Calcarea are members of the animal phylum Porifera, the cellular sponges. They are characterized by spicules made out of calcium carbonate.
Typically, the Calcarea are very small, measuring about 7-10 cm (3-4 inches) in height. Of the 15,000 or so species of Porifera that exist, only 400 of those are Calcareans.
Richea
Richea is a genus of shrubs or trees in the family Ericaceae. The number of species is 10—12. The genus is very close with genus "Dracophyllum".
Richea grows in island Tasmania and also in Australia; many species grows in mountains.
It is evergreen plants with the long leaves. Flowers are small; its color is white, yellow, pink or red.
The genus was named in honour of Claude Antoine Gaspard Riche (1762—1797), French botanist.
The most well-known species is "Richea pandanifolia". Its height may be 15 m. The common English name of this plant is "the giant grass tree".
Richea may be an interest plant for gardens.
The New Age, also called the New Age movement is a kind of spiritual belief and way of life held by some westerners. It is not an organized religion. They believe in religious pluralism- that people are free to decide what they believe and how they use it in their lives. They pick and mix what they believe with bits taken from both eastern and western culture and religions. They make their own decisions about what God is and how they worship God, if they even believe in God at all. New Age people often meditate, sometimes to seek their own contact with God.
There are many authors who describe how they see the New Age in books. There is also New Age music which tends to be calm and relaxing.
New Age people do all believe that a new future time is coming in which people will be more aware of their own special spiritual nature and this will make the world a different and better place.
Sone Aluko
Tilia nasczokinii
Tilia nasczokinii (Nasczokin's linden or Nasczokin's lime) is a shrub or tree in the family Malvaceae. The species is rare, and grows in Siberia, Russia. Its habitat is coniferous "Pinus sylvestris" forests. It is deciduous, and grows up to 20 m. high.
The species was named after Vladimir D. Nashchokin (), a Russian botanist.
"Tilia nasczokinii" is a mesophyte, shade-tolerant, entomophylous plant.
Leaves are cordate, ovate, or broadly ovate, their length is 5—15 cm. Inflorescens 1-3-flowered. Flowers are small, white-yellow, their diameter is 0.8—1 cm, stigmata are stellate. Ovary is stripe-hairy. Long hairs and short hairs are in longitudinal, alternating rows. Young ovary with white hairs, mature ovary with rusty hairs. A fruit is flat-spherical.
Chendo
Chendo (born 12 October, 1961) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Real Madrid and Spain national team.
363||3||52||0||6||0||70||0||491||3
Manuel Jiménez Jiménez
Manuel Jiménez Jiménez (born 21 January, 1964) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
354||1
Genar Andrinúa
Genar Andrinúa (born 9 May, 1964) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
338||18
!Total||28||2
Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo
Manuel Sanchís Hontiyuelo (born 23 May, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Real Madrid and Spain national team. His father was Manuel Sanchís Martínez.
524||33
!Total||48||1
Rafael Martín Vázquez
Rafael Martín Vázquez (born 25 September, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
263||46
52||2
7||1
337||49
!Total||38||1
Miguel Pardeza
Miguel Pardeza (born 8 February, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
325||81
32||6
357||87
Quique Sánchez Flores
Quique Sánchez Flores (born 2 February 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
344||26
Fernando Gómez Colomer
Fernando Gómez Colomer (born 11 September, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
496||156
19||2
515||158
Francisco Villarroya
Francisco Villarroya (born 6 August, 1966) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
295||10
Juan Carlos Ablanedo
Juan Carlos Ablanedo (born 2 September, 1963) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Sporting Gijón and Spain national team.
399||0
Alberto Górriz
Alberto Górriz (born 16 February, 1958) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Real Sociedad and Spain national team.
461||14
Roberto Fernández Bonillo
Roberto Fernández Bonillo (born 5 July 1962) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
545||101
!Total||29||2
Rafael Paz
Rafael Paz (born August 2, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
340||25
354||26
Manolo (born 17 January, 1965) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
292||97
!Total||28||9
José Manuel Ochotorena
José Manuel Ochotorena (born 16 January, 1961) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
176||0
Ron McGovney
Tyrannosauridae
Tyrannosauridae is a taxonomic family of theropods. These dinosaurs from the Upper Cretaceous have been found only in North America and Asia. They lived in the later part of the period, 88 to 65 million years ago.
Kyle Martino
Kyle Martino was born on February 19, 1981 in Atlanta, Georgia. He is an American soccer player who has played for the Columbus Crew, Manchester United and the Los Angeles Galaxy.
US Airways Flight 1549
US Airways Flight 1549 was an airplane flight that landed in the Hudson River in New York City on January 15, 2009. The plane was on a commercial flight with 155 people on board and had left LaGuardia Airport six minutes earlier, but it had to land after a flock of birds hit its engines. The event was remarkable because no one died. Because of this, the event was called the Miracle on the Hudson. In 2016 a film was made recreating the crash. The film is named "Sully", after the plane's main pilot Chesley "Sully" Sullenberger.
The plane took off from LaGuardia Airport at 3:26 pm. It was going to fly to Charlotte, North Carolina, and then it would fly onwards to Seattle, Washington state. Two minutes after the plane left the ground, it flew into a flock of Canada geese. Some of the geese were sucked into the plane's two engines. Both engines stopped working. The pilots, Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles, realized that they needed to land the plane as soon as possible. They thought about heading back to LaGuardia Airport or trying to land at Teterboro Airport in New Jersey. They decided that they could not land at an airport and instead they would have to land the plane in the river. This was also dangerous for two reasons. Firstly, the plane would break apart if it hit the water too quickly or if it hit something else. Secondly, the passengers would drown if they were not rescued quickly, as it would be hard to swim in the cold river.
The pilots landed the plane in the river at 3:31 pm. The plane started to slowly fill with water and sink. The passengers climbed out onto the wings and life rafts of the plane. Sullenberger had landed the plane near some boats, and the first boats reached the plane a few minutes after the landing. The boats rescued the passengers and crew. By 3:55 pm, everyone had been rescued. They were taken to both sides of the river. 24 passengers and two rescuers had to go to a hospital, but most of them left the hospitals before the end of the day.
The National Transportation Safety Board investigated the event. In May 2010, they released a report which said that Sullenberger had made the right decision. The plane is now on display in the Carolinas Aviation Museum in Charlotte.
Drum and bass
Drum and bass (also known as D&B or DnB) is a form of electronic dance music. It began in the 1990s in the United Kingdom.
It usually has a certain tempo and heavy bass. Disc jockeys sometimes play this music.
John F. Kennedy International Airport is an international airport. It is on Long Island, in Queens County, New York in southeastern New York City about 12 miles (19 km) from Lower Manhattan. More people who fly into or out of the United States fly though this airport than any other. Also, the most air cargo is brought into or out of the United States through this airport.
The airport is run by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey, which also runs the two other major airports in the New York area, Newark Liberty International Airport and LaGuardia Airport. JFK airport is the base of operations for JetBlue Airways. It is also a major international airline hub for Delta Air Lines and American Airlines. Ninety airlines operate out of JFK.
Otto Klemperer
Otto Klemperer (born Breslau, 14 May 1885; died Zürich, 6 July 1973) was a German-born conductor and composer. He is thought of as one of the greatest conductors of the 20th century.
Klemperer was born in Breslau, Silesia, which was then in Germany, but is now called Wrocław in Poland. He was born into a Jewish family. He studied music at the Conservatory in Frankfurt am Main, and then went to Berlin where he studied conducting and composition with Hans Pfitzner. In 1905 he met Gustav Mahler who was very impressed with him.
He recommended him for the job of conductor at the German Opera in Prague. He soon got jobs in other places: Hamburg, Barmen, Strasbourg, Cologne and Wiesbaden. He was offered a job at the Berlin Staatsoper, but he did not want it because he thought he would not be able to do things there the way he wanted. However, four years later, in 1927, he took a job with a special branch of the Staatsoper which had been started in order to perform new music in modern (non-traditional) performances. They played in the Kroll Theatre. Klemperer became very famous for the performances that he conducted there.
The Kroll Theatre had been started by politicians who supported the Weimar Republic. They wanted opera to be different from the traditional operas that were performed in the Theatre Unter den Linden supported by the monarchy. The operas that Klemperer conducted there included Leoš Janáček's "From the House of the Dead", Arnold Schönberg's "Erwartung", Igor Stravinsky's "Oedipus Rex", and Paul Hindemith's "Cardillac".
By 1931 the political situation had changed and the Kroll Opera was shut down. By 1933 the Nazis had gained power and Klemperer left Germany and went to the United States where he took U.S. nationality. He became conductor of the Los Angeles Philharmonic Orchestra (1933-39) and also conducted the New York Philharmonic Orchestra, the Philadelphia Orchestra and the Pittsburg Orchestra. However he was not happy in the United States where the musical culture and music critics were largely out of sympathy with his Weimar modernism and he felt he was not properly valued. He hoped for a permanent position as lead conductor in New York or Philadelphia. But in 1936 he was passed over in both - first in Philadelphia, where Eugene Ormandy succeeded Stokowski at the Philadelphia Orchestra, and then in New York, where Toscanini's departure left a vacancy at the New York Philharmonic but John Barbirolli and Artur Rodzinski were engaged in preference to Klemperer. The New York decision was particularly galling, as Klemperer had been engaged to conduct the first fourteen weeks of the New York Philharmonic's 1935-6 season. Klemperer's bitterness at this decision was voiced in a letter he wrote to Arthur Judson, who ran the orchestra: "that the society did not re-engage me is the strongest offense, the sharpest insult to me as artist, which I can imagine. You see, I am no youngster. I have a name and a good name. One could not use me in a most difficult season and then expel me. This non-reengagement will have very bad results not only for me in New York but in the whole world... This non-reengagement is an absolutely unjustified wrong done to me by the Philharmonic Society."
In 1939 he had a serious illness and was operated on for a brain tumour. For some time he was not well enough to work. Then from 1947 to 1950 he returned to Europe to conduct the Budapest Opera. In the early 1950s Klemperer experienced difficulties arising from his U.S. citizenship. American union policies made it difficult for him to record in Europe, while his left wing views made him increasingly unpopular with the State Department and FBI. In 1952 the United States refused to renew his passport.
In 1954 Klemperer again returned to Europe, becoming conductor of the Philharmonia Orchestra in London. He took German nationality. By this time Furtwängler was dead and Toscanini had retired, so Klemperer was thought of as the greatest conductor of German music. He was given a recording contract by EMI. His concerts and many recordings with the Philharmonia brought him world-wide recognition. He lived in Switzerland but spent much time in London conducting.
Klemperer became an Israeli citizen in 1970. He retired from conducting in 1971 and died in Zürich in 1973, aged 88.
Klemperer’s performances that we have on record show us that he was a musician who understood the shape of a musical work perfectly. He often chose slow speeds, but the music could sound very heroic. His health problems included manic depression which made him sometimes very difficult to work with. He also had a bad fall in Montreal. From then onwards he always had to sit down to conduct. He also burnt himself badly because he was smoking in bed, and he tried to put out the flames with a glass of whisky which made the fire worse.
Klemperer is less well known as a composer, but he wrote a number of works, although he hardly ever performed them and most of them are now forgotten.
Stamford Hill railway station
Aum Shinrikyo is a Japanese cult movement founded by Shoko Asahara which carried out a terrorist attack on a Tokyo subway in 1995. Although it claims to be a new religious movement, several governments regard it as a terrorist movement.
Aum members used a poisonous gas called Sarin for their attack. In five attacks, they released sarin on several lines of the Tokyo subway. This killed thirteen people, and severely injured fifty. It caused temporary vision problems for nearly a thousand others.
After the event, the movement renamed itself "Aleph". Aum Shinrikyo had been formally designated a terrorist organization by several entities, including Canada, and the United States.
On 10 October 1995, Aum Shinrikyo was ordered to be stripped of its official status as a "religious legal entity" and was declared bankrupt in early 1996. However the group continues to operate under the constitutional guarantee of freedom of religion. It is funded by a successful computer business and donations, and is kept under strict surveillance. Attempts to ban the group altogether under the 1952 Subversive Activities Prevention Law were rejected by the Public Security Examination Commission in January 1997.
In April 2011 the Public Security Intelligence Agency stated that Aum currently had about 1,500 members. At the end of July 2011 the cult reported its membership as 1,030. The group was reportedly active in trying to recruit new members among Japan's youth via social media websites and proselytizing on college campuses.
Elysian Valley, Los Angeles
Elysian Valley is a neighborhood of the city of Los Angeles, California. It was originally called "Gopher Flats" when it was first built. Today, it is sometimes known as "Frogtown" for the many frogs that come in from the nearby Los Angeles River. There are also neighborhoods in Los Angeles called Elysian Park and Elysian Heights. They are separated from Elysian Valley by Interstate 5
Woodstock, Ontario
Woodstock is a city and the county seat of Oxford County, Ontario in southwestern Ontario, Canada. Woodstock is 128 km southwest of Toronto, north of Highway 401 (Ontario) along the historic Thames River (Ontario). It is known as the Dairy Capital of Canada and promotes itself as "The Friendly City." In 2006, 35,480 people lived in Woodstock.
The community was first settled in 1800 after it was determined by Sir John Graves Simcoe, governor of what was then known as Upper Canada, that the area would make a good townsite. The early settlers were American immigrants from New York state. Increased immigration from Great Britain followed in the 1820s and 1830s. Woodstock was incorporated as a town in 1851 and a city in 1901.
Vansittart Avenue (named after Admiral Henry Vansittart, an early settler) in Woodstock's west end has one of the finest residential Victorian streetscapes in the province. Woodstock has a community center that hosts hockey games in addition to many social gatherings.
The city government, Woodstock City Council, consists of four city councillors and two city and county councillors. Trevor Birtch is the current mayor, following a hard fought and demanding campaign. Oxford Centre is the district in which Woodstock is included when voting in federal elections. Currently, the MP of Oxford is Dave MacKenzie (of the Conservative party).
On August 7, 1979, the Woodstock area was hit by three tornadoes, two of which registered at least F4 on the Fujita Scale. On the west side of town along Ingersoll Road, a Dominion Food Store was heavily damaged while the tornadoes skipped over every other home and business. Dickson's Florist was wiped out and the Fry home was moved on its foundation. Father Grondziel of the new Polish Roman Catholic Church, next to the Dominion Food Store, had just stepped into the washroom when one of the tornadoes passed by and took off the roof of the church and everything in the room he had just been in. No one on the street was injured and the cleanup took many weeks. On the south side, the buildings of the Maranatha Christian Reformed Church and the John Knox Christian School were destroyed, and the only fatality occurred when a vehicle on Highway 401 was blown off the road and the lone occupant killed.
One of Woodstock's most notable historic sites is Old St. Paul's Church, the mother church of the Anglican Communion in Oxford County. The church was built in 1834. It is near the intersection of Huron and Dundas Streets. It used as a temporary jail during the rebellion of 1837. The church is a beautiful, brick cruciform structure surrounded by Woodstock's oldest cemetery. It has original box pews and dozens of memorial tablets commemorating prominent Woodstock citizens.
The "Springbank Snow Countess" was commemorated by a life-size statue (designed by acclaimed Oxford County agricultural artist Ross Butler) which is on the corner of Dundas and Springbank.
This bell iron and lead statue was made to honour a record-setting milk production by a Holstein (Friesian) cow named Snow Countess.
The statue was first unveiled on August 4, 1937 by the Holstein Frisian Association of Canada. Snow Countess was born on November 18, 1919 and died at age 16 on August 9, 1936. During her lifetime, she produced 9,062 pounds of butterfat, impressive at the time. The statue and granite base cost $4,000 to design and erect.
The cow has become an important symbol to Woodstock and is used in many cultural events, such as the annual Cowapalooza Festival.
Construction was started on the dam in 1964 and officially completed in 1967. The cost of the dam and land base at that time was close to $6 million. Present annual maintenance costs are about $40,000.
The Pittock Dam is designed for both flood control and flow augmentation purposes. It is designed to benefit water quality downstream during dry summer conditions and provide year round flood control capability to protect downstream communities.
The Woodstock Airport is 2.5 nautical miles (4.6 km) west of Woodstock.
In June 2005, Toyota, the world's second largest automaker, announced plans to build a new, $800 million automobile assembly plant in Woodstock on a 1,000-acre (4 km²) undeveloped undeveloped site in the city's northeast end. The plant was expected to employ 2000 people and begin full production of the Toyota RAV4 SUV in November 2008, at the rate of 150,000 a year. However, due to the recent economic problems and the slowing car sales, Toyota announced that production would be cut by 50% to 75,000 a year and the work force shrunk 40% to 1200 people. Fortunately the other 800 workers are expected to be recalled when car sales increase. It was the first new auto assembly plant to be built in Canada in two decades.
Late in 2008, the plant began producing vehicles, and on December 4, a ceremony attended by Ontario and federal government representatives as well as top Toyota executives, took place to celebrate its official opening.
Early in March 2006, Hino Motors, a Toyota Motor Co. subsidiary, announced that it will be the first Japanese truck manufacturer to build its vehicles in Canada with a new Woodstock plant slated to begin production in April 2006, in the former General Seating plant in the Pattullo Ridge Business Park near Highway 401 and Highway 59.
The $3 million, 120,000 square foot (11,000 m²) plant will employ 45 and assemble 2,000 trucks a year when it begins production.
In late November 2008 the Hino Motors automotive plant was completed.
Other Major Industries in Woodstock include:
Vuteq Canada Inc (automotive parts supplier)
Firestone Textiles
CBM (Concrete)
Toyota Boshuko
General Motors (national parts distribution center)
RWF Braun (Heavy Equipment)
Standard Tube
A major Canadian piano and organ and reed organ company operated under the name of Woodstock Organ Company for many years of the early twentieth century. It was owned by D W Karn, who was at one time mayor of Woodstock. Karn had previously operated an organ and piano manufacturing company under his own name.
Woodstock has one daily newspaper owned by Sun Media Corporation, the "Woodstock Sentinel-Review".
There are three licensed FM radio stations:
The city also has a rebroadcaster of Toronto television station Citytv, operating on channel 31 and primarily targeting London and surrounding towns.
Intercity transportation includes a VIA Rail train station and a Greyhound Lines of Canada intercity bus depot.
Local public transit service is available daily except Sunday on six routes. No service is provided after 18:30.
Provincial Highway 401 is at the south and east edges of the city, with the junction of Highway 403 east of the urban area. Many Oxford County highways and other roads radiate from Woodstock.
Nortel was a large Canadian telecommunications company and one of the oldest technology companies. It was founded in Montreal. The company started making phones in 1895 and the company was called Northern Electric and Manufacturing Company.
At the end of the 20th century Nortel had over ninety thousand employees. Nortel's value formed thirty percent of the capital of the Toronto Stock Exchange.
Nortel filed for bankruptcy in 2009. In 2020 the Vancouver Sun speculated that corporate espionage by Huawei caused Nortel’s failure.
The North Magnetic Pole is one of two places on the Earth where its magnetic field points vertically downwards. The other is the South Magnetic Pole.
At any other place on earth, the magnetic field points to the North Magnetic Pole. This is why a compass works to find where north is.
The North Magnetic Pole is not identical to the North Pole, which is the geographic north pole. It wanders slowly. In 2001, a team of scientists estimated that the North Magnetic Pole is near Ellesmere Island in northern Canada at . It was estimated to be at in 2005. As of 2015, the pole is thought to have moved east beyond the Canadian Arctic territorial claim to .
Because the North Magnetic Pole is different from the North Pole, a compass does not always point straight north. But usually the difference is small.
Because the Earth's magnetic field is not symmetrical, the South Magnetic Pole is not directly opposite. A line drawn from one to the other does not pass through the centre of the Earth.
Upper Canada College
Upper Canada College (UCC) is a private lower grades and high school for boys in Toronto, Canada. Students between senior kindergarten and grade twelve study under the International Baccalaureate program.
Founded in 1829, UCC is the oldest independent school in the province of Ontario, and the third oldest in the country. It is described as a prestigious preparatory school in Canada, having many of Canada's prominent graduates. Modelled on the British public school system, throughout the first part of its history the college both influenced and was influenced by government. It has maintained a good reputation from its founding.
Today, UCC is fully independent and the students and faculty are more diverse in terms of cultural and economic backgrounds. A link to the Royal Family is maintained through Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, who is the college's Official Visitor, and a member of the Board of Governors.
First Canadian Place
First Canadian Place is a skyscraper in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. At 298 metres, or 978 feet (355 metres with antenna included), it is Canada's tallest skyscraper and the eleventh tallest building in North America. It is the third tallest free-standing structure in Canada, after CN Tower, also in Toronto, and the Inco Superstack in Sudbury, Ontario.
First Canadian Place is located in Toronto's financial district at the northwest corner of King and Bay streets, the centre of Canadian financial industry. It is home to the Toronto headquarters of the Bank of Montreal, the oldest Canadian bank (hence the 'first').
Communications Security Establishment Canada
The Communications Security Establishment Canada (CSEC or CSE) (French: Centre de la sécurité des télécommunications Canada) (CSTC or CST) is the Canadian government's national signals intelligence agency. It is under the command of the Department of National Defence (DND), it keeps track of foreign signals intelligence (SIGINT), and protecting Canadian government electronic information and communication networks. The CSEC is reports to the Minister of National Defence through two deputy ministers, one of whom is responsible for Administration, the other Policy and Operations. The CSEC was created in 1946, as the Communications Branch of the National Research Council. It became part of the DND in 1975. The CSEC is a very secret organization, and were only revealed when the CBC did a report on them. People were amazed that the CSEC existed. CSEC is part of ECHELON, and works with agencies from the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand and the United States.
Government Communications Headquarters
The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is a British intelligence agency. Its work continues that of the Bletchley Park team.
GCHQ collects, analyses and passes on signals from many parts of the world. This is called "signals intelligence" (SIGINT). It would include all forms of free-to-air signals plus many interceptions of covert communication. Computers scan the signals for key words of phrases, and flag any which contain key words.
The second job of GCHQ is to crack the cyphers (codes) of sources it is interested in. It is this part of the work which Bletchley Park used to do. It also arranges for our own secret transmissions to be coded securely. This is the world of cryptography, ways and means of getting into other people's secrets, and keeping our secrets secure. This is done by CESG (Communications-Electronics Security Group).
As an organisation, GCHQ is under the guidance of the Joint Intelligence Committee (JIC). GCHQ was started after the First World War as the Government Code and Cypher School (GCCS or GC&CS), by which name it was known until 1946. As part of ECHELON, it works with Intelligence agencies from other allied countries.
Canadian Forces
The Canadian Forces (CF) (French: Forces canadiennes; FC), is the army, air force, and navy of Canada, commanded by a single structure, unlike the United States.
Under the National Defence Act, "The Canadian Forces are the armed forces of Her Majesty raised by Canada and consist of one Service called the Canadian Armed Forces." The Commander in Chief of the Canadian Forces is the Head of State of Canada, Queen Elizabeth II, represented by the Governor General of Canada, David Lloyd Johnston. The Chief of the Defence Staff (or CDS), the senior professional member of the service, is General Thomas J. Lawson. The CDS answers to a politician, the Minister of National Defence, who is currently Robert Nicholson of the Conservative Party.
The Canadian Forces is composed of 67,000 personnel (soldiers, sailors, and airmen/airwomen). Every unit accepts male and female soldiers, if they qualify for the position. The CF is divided in seven main branches, which are called "commands".
The Environmental branches (called Commands) are mainly administrative structures. They manage the personnel, the equipment and the facilities, but not the operations. There are three commands in the Canadian Forces, because there are no Marines. All the commands work very closely with each other, for example, the Air Force provides helicopters to both the Navy and the Army. These commands also each have a reserve element, made of part-time employees.
This is the army of Canada and the largest branch of the CF. It uses tanks and other armoured vehicles, such as the LAV III, as well as artillery, engineering vehicles, and a variety of weapons, such as the Colt Canada C7 rifle.
This is the navy of Canada. It has 33 active warships including submarines, frigates and destroyers.
AIRCOM is the air force of Canada. It operates a variety of helicopters and airplanes to support the army and the navy, and also has CF-18 fighters.
The Operational commands are responsible for specific types of operations or for conducting exercises or deployments. There are four operational commands.
The CANSOFCOM is responsible for providing special forces and asymmetric warfare capabilities to Canada. It is the smallest command of the Canadian Forces, and is composed of four joint units that do not answer to either the Army, Navy or Air Force. These units are the Joint Task Force 2, the Canadian Special Operations Regiment, the 427th Special Aviation Squadron and the Canadian Joint Incident Response Unit (CBRN).
This is the command responsible for managing foreign operations and deployments outside of Canada, such as Canada's contribution to the War in Afghanistan.
Canada Command works with the United States Northern Command to ensure national security and the defence of the North American continent. CANCOM also is responsible for emergency management, such as when the Army is needed to respond to disasters in Canada.
This command is responsible for supporting all the other commands with things such as logistics, engineering, health services, and the military police.
From the second half of the 20th century, the defence policy of Canada is made of these objectives :
During the Cold War, a major focus of the Canadian Forces was helping with the defence of Europe against the threat posed by the Soviet Union. Some Canadian soldiers lived in Europe during that time.
Today, the Canadian Forces goals are based on the Canada First Defence Strategy, introduced by the conservative government of Stephen Harper. The new goals and objectives are being able to do the following :
Canadian Security Intelligence Service
The Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) (French: Service Canadien du renseignement de sécurité) (SCRS) is the main intelligence agency of the Canadian government. It is responsible for collecting, analyzing and reporting intelligence on threats to Canada's national security, and conducting operations, covert and overt, within Canada and abroad.
Its headquarters are located at 1941 Ogilvie Road, in Ottawa, Ontario, in a purpose-built facility completed in 1995. CSIS (pronounced /ˈsiːsɪs/) is responsible to Parliament through the Minister of Public Safety, but is also overseen by the Federal Court system, the Inspector General of Canada, and the Security Intelligence Review Committee.
CSIS is a spy agency, similar to the CIA in the United States.
Tomás Reñones
Tomás Reñones (born 9 August, 1960) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
367||2
Antonio Maceda
Antonio Maceda (born 16 May, 1957) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
223||24
!Total||36||8
Víctor Muñoz
Víctor Muñoz (born 15 March, 1957) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
48||2
420||29
!Total||60||3
Rafael Gordillo
Rafael Gordillo (born 24 February, 1957) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
543||53
Juan Antonio Señor
Juan Antonio Señor (born 26 August, 1958) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
304||54
Francisco José Carrasco
Francisco José Carrasco (born 6 March, 1959) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
262||49
71||2
333||51
!Total||35||5
Julio Alberto Moreno
Julio Alberto Moreno (born 7 October, 1958) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
268||11
Quique Setién
Quique Setién (born 27 September, 1958) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team. He has been the manager of the C.D. Lugo since 2009.
444||80
Javier Urruticoechea
Javier Urruticoechea (born 17 November, 1952) used to be a Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
306||0
Ricardo Gallego
Ricardo Gallego (born 8 February, 1959) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
249||23
30||2
279||25
Hipólito Rincón
Hipólito Rincón (born 28 April, 1957) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
239||81
Francisco López Alfaro
Francisco López Alfaro (born 1 November 1962) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
465||47
Ramon Maria Calderé
Ramon Maria Calderé (born 16 January, 1959) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
!Total||18||7
Eloy (born 10 July, 1964) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
429||76
Miguel Muñoz
Miguel Muñoz (19 January 1922 – 16 July 1990) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
Runes are very old letters which Germanic people used before they started using Latin letters in the Middle Ages. In its broadest sense, the word "runes" can mean any cryptic letters, but it usually means the alphabets used by Scandinavian people from about the year 150 CE to the Middle Ages. The oldest of these is called the "Elder Fuþark", used from about 150 to 800 CE. Around the year 800 the runes changed into the "Younger Fuþark", and these were used until about 1100, when the Latin alphabet replaced them. The Anglo-Saxon runes were used about the same time (400-1100) in Britain. The Scandinavian runes are called "Fuþark" because the first six letters in the runic alphabet are ᚠ ᚢ ᚦ ᚨ ᚱ ᚲ (F U Þ A R K). The Anglo-Saxon runes are called "Fuþorc" because they are a little different.
Runes are found carved into stones (called runestones) in many places in Scandinavia (Denmark, Norway and Sweden), and in the British Isles, Iceland, Greenland, the Faroe Islands and Frisia. Runes have been used for writing poems and eulogies, and they are still sometimes used to write ciphers. Runes were also used by J. R. R. Tolkien in his fantasy works, which were based on Germanic mythology. Because of their association with Germanic mythology, runes were also used by the Nazis to support a new mysticism and a romantic sense of Germanic heritage. The rune ᚦ survived into the Middle Ages in the English language and to modern times in Icelandic as the letter þ (pronounced "th" as in "thing"). After the Norman conquest, this letter was replaced by the letters "th" because it was unknown to the French-speaking Normans. Similarly, the letter ð (pronounced "th" as in "this") was used in Old English and is still used in Icelandic, but it is from Irish, not from the runes.
When the runes were first used, the Germanic languages were not yet split into their modern branches; there was only one unified language (called "Proto-Germanic") with many regional dialects. Each rune had a name, like our modern letters have names, but these very old names are no longer known. By their association with later letters, the old names of the runes have been reconstructed. The [*] before a rune's Proto-Germanic name means this is a reconstructed name. Not all runes were drawn the same way, however, and some of the runes and their names were different in some places.
Janko Prunk
Janko Prunk (), (born December 30, 1942) is a Slovenian historian of modern history. He has published articles and monographs on analytical politology, modern history, the genesis of modern political formations, and the history of social and political philosophy in Slovenia. He has also written on the history of political movements in Slovenia from the end of the 19th century until World War II, especially about Slovene Christian socialism and the history of Slovenian national questions.
Prunk was born in the small village of Loka pri Zidanem Mostu near the town of Sevnica in central Slovenia, in what was then the German-occupied Lower Styria. He graduated from University of Ljubljana in 1966 and obtained his master's degree from the same institution in 1972. He obtained his PhD in 1976 with thesis on the relationship between the Slovenian Christian Socialist movement and the Communist Party of Slovenia within the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People, which at the time was a somehow problematic topic. In 1984 and 1988, he was awarded the scholarships by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, which enabled him to continue his studies in Cologne and Freiburg. Later, he worked as a researcher at the University of Freiburg. From 1966 to 1995, he collaborated with the Institute for modern history in Ljubljana. He worked as professor at the Faculty for Social Sciences of the University of Ljubljana.
He has written on politology, modern history, modern political formations, and the history of social and political thought in Slovenia. He has also written on the history of political movements in Slovenia from the end of 19th century until World War II, especially with Slovene Christian socialism and the history of Slovenian national questions.
Prunk is a member of Leibniz Institute of European History in Mainz, and a senior member of the Center for European Integration Studies in Bonn.
Prunk has been actively involved in politics. As an early admirer of Jože Pučnik, he joined the Slovenian Social Democratic Union after the democratization of Slovenia. He was an active member of the Slovenian Democratic Party (known as Slovenian Social Democratic Party between 1989 and 2003). Between 1992 and 1993, he served as Minister for Slovenes outside Slovenia in the first coalition cabinet of Janez Drnovšek. Between 2004 and 2008, he served as chairman of the Party's internal Committee for Education Policies; he quit for disagreements over the Government policy favouring private universities. He became very critical of the then prime minister Janez Janša, whom he accused of being a "liberal with an authoritative touch" who aspires at becoming a "Slovenian Piłsudski".
From 1992 to 1993, he was the Minister without portfolio for Slovenes abroad in Slovenia in the centre-left government of Janez Drnovšek. In 2005, he was appointed by the Foreign Minister Dimitrij Rupel as president of the Slovene-Croatian Historical Commission, formed by the governments of the two countries to shed light on the history of the relations between the two nations.
Prunk has written over 500 specialized articles and books. His book "A brief history of Slovenia: Historical background of the Republic of Slovenia" is one of the basic full works on modern Slovenian history.
Washington and Lee University
Washington and Lee University is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Virginia, United States.
Before Unicode was introduced, other character encodings were used. As an example, ISO-8859 contains 15 different encodings. These are the same for the characters commonly used in English. They have several "blocks" of "special characters", which are filed differently for each encoding.
Mojibake is a Japanese word. The word 文字化け () is composed of two parts. 文字 ("moji") means "letter", "character". 化け ("bake"), from the verb 化ける ("bakeru"), means "to appear in disguise, to take the form of, to change for the worse". Literally, it means "character mutation".
Chauffeur
Mauro Maur
Mauro Maur (born August 9, 1958) is an Italian trumpeter and composer.
Knight: "Cavaliere Ordine al Merito della Repubblica Italiana": 2008
Visual cortex
The visual cortex is a part of the brain that allows vision. It is relatively thin – between 1.5mm and 2mm in humans. In monkeys and apes the visual cortex takes up much of their brain. Physically, the visual cortex is at the back of the brain in the occipital lobe.
David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel did research on the visual cortex for many years. They won the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discoveries about information processing in the visual system.
Research on the primary visual cortex can involve recording action potentials from electrodes within the brain of cats, ferrets, rats, mice, or monkeys. Alternatively, signals can be recorded outside the animal by EEG, MEG, or fMRI. These techniques gather information without invading the brain.
The primary visual cortex (V1) is the best studied visual area in the brain. This is where the messages arrive from the lateral geniculate nuclei, which are relay stations for information from the retina. Each lateral geniculate nucleus gets signals from the "opposite" visual field.
Each V1 sends information to two primary pathways, called the ventral stream and the dorsal stream.
A driver's license, driver license, driver licence, or driving licence is an official document which states that a person may drive a motorized vehicle, such as a motorcycle, car, truck, or a bus.
Different countries have different laws as to whether or not a person can have a driver's license. In some places, a person must pass a driving test before he or she is given a driver's license, while in other places, a driving license is given before the person starts driving.
In Victoria, Australia (for example), to get a driving licence a person must:
There are fees to be paid to do the driving tests, and if successful, there are more fees to be paid for the licence. Many people get a Learner's permit before getting a license. The first licence may be a Probationary Licence, which has certain restrictions on what a driver can do. After four years, the driver will qualify for a full, unrestricted licence.
Asda Stores Ltd. is a British supermarket chain. It sells food, clothing, toys and general merchandise at a very cheap price. It became a subsidiary of the American retail giant Wal-Mart, the world’s largest store, in 1999. It is the largest chain in the UK beating Tesco.
Neofelis
San Gabriel Mountains
Video conference
Video conference refers to a communication over a distance between three or more people where video and audio is transmitted in near real-time. There are various software packages which make this possible.
Acryl
Acryl is a name for a number of chemical compounds that have an acrylic group, or of polymers of these compounds. Especially esters of acrylic acid are used to help make certain dyes and paints or as adhesives.
In organic chemistry, the acryloyl group is the functional group with structure HC=CH–C(=O)–; it is the acyl group derived from acrylic acid. The preferred IUPAC name for the group is prop-2-enoyl. It is also (less correctly) known as acrylyl or simply acryl. Compounds containing an acryloyl group can be referred to as "acrylic compounds".
An acrylic compound is typically an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound: it contains a carbon–carbon double bond and a carbon–oxygen double bond, separated by a carbon–carbon single bond. It has therefore the properties characteristic for both functional groups :
In addition, since both double bonds are separated by a single C–C bond, the double bonds are conjugated.
Kirriemuir
Kirriemuir is a small town in the northeast of Scotland. It is "famous" for Kirriemuir Gingerbread cake, the birthplace of J. M. Barrie and Bon Scott, lead singer of AC/DC.
It has an ice cream shop called Visochi's, famous for cooking its fry ups using a toastie maker.
The Lizzie McGuire Movie is a 2003 comedy movie based on the Disney Channel series Lizzie McGuire.
Lizzie and her class travel to Rome. There Lizzie meets at the Trevi Fountain Paolo Valisari, an Italian singer. He tells Lizzie that he should sing with Isabella Parigi, a popular singer. But Isabella don't wants to sing with him, so he asks Lizzie to sing playback for her. Lizzie looks exactly like Isabella, only the hair is different. She says yes. At the airport Gordo meets the real Isabella, she knows Paolo's plan: He doesn't want to use Lizzie's playback so it will seem like Isabella can't sing. In the end Isabella came and sang for Lizzie, and Lizzie sang, too. Lizzie is a good singer, but Paolo is a bad singer, he always sings playback.
Luis Arconada
Luis Arconada (born 26 June, 1954) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Real Sociedad and Spain national team.
414||0
!Total||68||0
Miguel Ángel Alonso
Miguel Ángel Alonso (born 1 February, 1951) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
204||29
Miguel Tendillo
Miguel Tendillo (born 1 February, 1961) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
371||28
!Total||27||1
José Ramón Alexanko
José Ramón Alexanko (born 19 May 1956) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
467||43
!Total||34||4
Juan Gómez González
Juan Gómez González (born 10 November, 1954) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Spain national team.
459||124
!Total||34||8
Joaquín Alonso
Joaquín Alonso (born 9 June, 1956) is a former Spanish football player. He has played for Sporting Gijón and Spain national team.
479||65
Jesús María Satrústegui