AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The French Campaign in Egypt and Syria (1798–1801) was part of Napoleon Bonaparte's campaign in the East. His plan was to protect French trade, undermine Britain's access to India, and to establish scientific enterprise in the region. It was the main reason for his Mediterranean campaign of 1798, a series of naval engagements that included the capture of Malta. In July he defeated British and Mameluke forces in the Battle of the Pyramids and took control of Egypt.
The British responded. In the Battle of the Nile, 1798, the Royal Navy, under Horatio Nelson, defeated the French fleet off the coast of Egypt. The French fleet was almost completely destroyed, and that changed the balance of power between the two nations at war in the Mediterranean.
On land in Egypt the French were opposed by a joint force of British and Ottoman troops. Defeated, the French retreated to Alexandria, the second city of Egypt, where the British-led force surrounded them. On 30 August 1801 the French general Abdullah Jacques-François Menou offered to surrender and proposed terms. The terms were adjusted, then agreed. The event and the treaty is known as the "Capitulation of Alexandria".
Under the articles of the treaty is this item:
So Britain got hold of the Rosetta Stone and other Egyptian antiquities collected by the French "Commission des Sciences et des Arts" and the scholars of the Institute d'Egypte.
Student's t-distribution
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Student's t-distribution is a probability distribution which was developed by William Sealy Gosset in 1908. "Student" is the pseudonym he used when he published the paper describing the distribution.
A normal distribution describes a full population, "t"-distributions describe samples drawn from a full population; accordingly, the "t"-distribution for each sample size is different, and the larger the sample, the more the distribution resembles a normal distribution.
The "t"-distribution plays a role in many widely used statistical analyses, including the Student's "t"-test for assessing the statistical significance of the difference between two sample means, the construction of confidence intervals for the difference between two population means, and in linear regression analysis. The Student's "t"-distribution also arises in the Bayesian analysis of data from a normal family.
Gosset worked at a brewery and was interested in the problems of small samples, for example the chemical properties of barley. In the problems he analyzed, the sample size might be as low as three. Because of the small sample size, estimating the standard deviation is not possible. Also, in many cases Gosset encountered, the probability distribution of the samples was not known.
One version of the origin of the pseudonym is that Gosset's employer preferred staff to use pen names (instead of their real name) when publishing scientific papers, so he used the name "Student" to hide his identity. Another version is that the brewery did not want their competitors to know that they were using the "t"-test to test the quality of raw material.
If we take a sample of "n" observations from a normal distribution, then the "t"-distribution with "ν = n−1" degrees of freedom can be defined as the distribution of the location of the sample mean formula_6, relative to the true mean formula_7, divided by the sample standard deviation formula_8 over the normalizing term formula_9 (that is, formula_10). In this way, the "t"-distribution can be used to estimate how likely it is that the true mean lies in any given range.
The "t"-distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped, like the normal distribution, but has heavier tails, meaning that it is more prone to producing values that fall far from its mean. This makes it useful for understanding the statistical behavior of certain types of ratios of random quantities, in which variation in the denominator is amplified and may produce outlying values when the denominator of the ratio falls close to zero. The Student's "t"-distribution is a special case of the generalised hyperbolic distribution.
Jamstik
Jamstik is a portable 6-string MIDI guitar controller with five frets made by Zivix, LLC. The Jamstik is compatible with iPad, iPhone and Macintosh. It weighs .
The Jamstik comes with an included instructional app called JamTutor. JamTutor helps teach new guitar players the basics of guitar.
Saturn Nebula
Helix nebula
The Helix nebula is a planetary nebula in the constellation of Aquarius. It is about 700 light-years away from Earth.
Sara Montiel
Sara Montiel (10 March 1928 – 8 April 2013) was a Spanish actress and singer. She played Juana Montes in "Serenade" (1956). She also played in 2004's "Bad Education". Montiel was a prominent Spanish singer, having many albums.
Montiel was born Maria Antonia Abad in Campo de Criptana, La Mancha, Spain on 10 March 1928. At age 16 she began acting and appeared in a number of movies. In 1950 Montiel moved to Mexico where she acted and sang in several films. In 1954 she co-starred in the movie Vera Cruz with Gregory Peck and Bert Lancaster. In 1956 she appeared in Serenade with Mario Lanza and Joan Fontaine. Montiel returned to Spain to star in a number of films. She became Spain's most popular star for the next decade. She retired from movies in the early 1970s but still appeared on television and the Stage. In 2011 she returned to appear in the comedy movie "Abrazame". She died on 8 April 2013 in Madrid at age eighty-five.
Bogan Hunters
Bogan Hunters is an Australian television show. It is a comedy and also a reality television show. It is all about three people called 'Bogan Hunters' who are looking for Australia's greatest Bogan so they can give them a prize.
The show has three main actors, Pauly, Shazza and Kev the Kiwi. These three go all over Australia meeting many Bogans. They want to find one that is much more of a Bogan than any other one they meet. They have picked eight famous people to help them find who is the greatest Bogan in Australia. The greatest Bogan will get a trophy and a Holden 'Straya' ute with beer on it, or a makeover. The show is about 2 percent jokes, but the rest is all real. The show has been very popular in both Australia and New Zealand.
The DVD goes for 244 minutes.
Bogan
The term bogan () is an Australian and New Zealander slang word. It can be used to describe a person with a working class background. Or it can be someone whose speech, clothing, attitude and behaviour display a proud working class attitude. Sometimes the word can have a negative meaning. Over the last several decades, the bogan has become a very widespread and well respected group. There are many local names that describe the same or similar groups of people.
Bogans are often thought to be people who live in the outer suburbs of larger cities. They are less keen on dental hygiene than others. They also tend to be anti-authority, proud of their country, have home done tattoos, love classic rock, love Peter Brock, hoon around and drink a lot of alcohol. A bogan attitude is not pretentious and is very honest.
Some types of clothing are associated with bogans. These include flannelette shirts, monkey hoodies, Stubbies shorts, King Gee workwear, thongs and Ugg boots. They also wear jeans and black leggings. Victorian Bogans typically wear acid wash jeans, ugg boots, and band T-shirts with mullet style haircuts. In the mid 1990s, New Zealand Bogans were typically dressed in all black. Super-taper black jeans were fairly standard and black woollen jerseys. Long fringe or long hair in general was also common.
Vehicles such as the Holden Commodore and Ford Falcon, are also common among bogans.
Bogans typically do not copy middle-class styles of taste, diet, hobbies, fashion and language. Bogans are sometimes looked down upon by some other groups. This can make the lives of disadvantaged people much tougher.
The term bogan is nowadays used to display a pride in being rough around the edges. In 2002, Michelle Griffin discussed the fact that ‘bogan’ is no longer being used as an insult. It is in fact a way to identify with the ‘Aussie’ culture that many Anglo‐Saxon Australian citizens are so proud of. In the past, bogan was a bad term. Now many take pride in being called a bogan. Radio station Triple J held a "National Bogan Day" on 28 June 2002, which they commemorated by playing music by bands such as Cold Chisel, Midnight Oil, Rose Tattoo and AC/DC.
Kriegsmarine
The Kriegsmarine (, "War Navy") was the name of the Navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It replaced the Imperial German Navy of World War I and the inter-war "Reichsmarine". The "Kriegsmarine" was one of three official branches of the "Wehrmacht", the armed forces of Nazi Germany.
The "Kriegsmarine" was developed during the German naval rearmament of the 1930s. The Treaty of Versailles had limited the size of the German navy after World War I. It also prevented Germany from building submarines. But by 1934 Germany had secretly most of the parts they needed to construct submarines (called U-boats). In early 1935 Hitler ordered the U-boats to be built. In January 1939 Plan Z was ordered, calling for the construction of many naval vessels. The ships of the "Kriegsmarine" fought during the Spanish Civil War and World War II. The commander of the "Kriegsmarine" was Karl Dönitz.
The Kriegsmarine's most famous ships were the U-boats. Most of them were built after Plan Z was abandoned at the beginning of World War II. Wolfpacks were groups of submarines that attacked British convoys. Most of the attacks were during the first half of the Battle of the Atlantic. Along with the U-boats, commerce raiders and cruisers were used to disrupt Allied shipping in the early years of the war. The most famous of these were the heavy cruisers "Admiral Graf Spee" and "Admiral Scheer" and the battleship "Bismarck". However, the allied adoption of convoy escorts greatly reduced the danger from commerce raiders.
Luděk Bukač
Luděk Bukač (4 August 1935 – 20 April 2019) was a Czech ice hockey player and manager. As a player, he played for ČLTK Praha, HC Sparta Praha and HC Dukla Jihlava, while as a manager, he coached HC Sparta Praha, HC Košice and HC České Budějovice. As a manager, he coached the Czechoslovak, Austrian, German and Czech national teams. With the Czech Republic, he won the 1996 IIHF World Championship.
Bukač died on 20 April 2019, aged 83.
Bengt Nyholm
Bengt Nyholm, born 30 January 1930 in Härnösand, Sweden, dead 10 September 2015 in Mantorp, Sweden, was a Swedish association football goalkeeper. In 1961, was awarded the Guldbollen Award.
Carl Sanders
Carl Edward Sanders, Sr. (May 15, 1925 – November 16, 2014) was an American politician. He served as the 74th Governor of the state of Georgia serving from 1963 to 1967.
Sanders died on November 16, 2014 at the age of 89, after a fall at his home in Augusta, Georgia, aged 89.
Jovan Ćirilov
Jovan Ćirilov (; 30 August 1931 – 16 November 2014) was a Serbian theater expert, philosopher, writer, theatre selector, and poet. He mostly wrote about the Serbian culture. He was born in Kikinda, Yugoslavia.
As a member of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, he was the first person who publicly called for decriminalization of male same-sex relations ("sodomy laws") in the 1980s.
Ćirilov died in Belgrade, Serbia, aged 83.
Bill Frenzel
William Eldridge "Bill" Frenzel (July 31, 1928 – November 17, 2014) was an American politician. He was a member of the Republican Party. Frenzel was a member of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota. He represented Minnesota's 3rd district. Frenzel was born in St. Paul, Minnesota.
Frenzel died of cancer on November 17, 2014 in McLean, Virginia, aged 86.
Pepe Eliaschev
José Ricardo Eliaschev (May 31, 1945 – November 18, 2014), better known as Pepe Eliaschev, was an Argentine journalist and writer. He was the author of ten books. He worked as a journalist and his interviews are well known to world figures such as Cassius Clay, Ted Kennedy, Jorge Rafael Videla, Raúl Alfonsín, José Mujica, Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, Carlos Fuentes, Mario Vargas Llosa, Ernesto Sabato and Augusto Roa Bastos. In addition, he was director of Municipal Radio of Buenos Aires from 1989 to 1991.
Eliaschev died on November 18, 2014 in Buenos Aires, Argentina at the age of 69 from pancreatic cancer. He was of Jewish descent.
Mihailo Đurić
Mihailo Đurić (Serbian Cyrillic: Михаило Ђурић; 22 August 1925 – 25 November 2011) was one of Serbia's most prominent philosophers, a professor at the University of Belgrade's Law School, and a member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts.
Mihailo Đurić was born in Šabac, Kingdom of Yugoslavia to Stevan (a judge) and Milica (nee Despotović, a schoolteacher). After finishing gymnasuim he studied law, philosophy, and classical philology at Belgrade University. He earned his PhD in law at Belgrade University in 1954.
Đurić began teaching at the Law School of Belgrade University in 1954 and received tenure in 1969. At the Law School he taught History of politics theories, General sociology, and Social science methodology classes. He lost his tenure at the University and was jailed in 1973 because of his public speech, given on March 18. 1971. From 1974. to 1989. he worked as a scholar at the Social Science Institute in Belgrade. In the same period he was a visiting philosophy professor at West Berlin, Augsburg University.
Along with professor Jozef Simon and as a philosopher, Đurić was head of the Nietsche philosophy international seminars from 1981. to 1991. at the Dubrovnik Inter-university Center, Dubrovnik Yugoslavia.
Đurić, for contribution to the philosophical and legal sciences, won the international Prize "Prof. Luigi Tartufari" from the prominent National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Italy, in 2009.
Marianne Stone
Marianne Stone (August 23, 1922 – December 21, 2009) was an English character actress. She appeared in many movies from the early 1940s through the late 1980s. She usually played landladies, barmaids and other working-class women. She played Mavis in "The Angry Silence" (1960). In "Lolita" (1962), she played Vivian Darkbloom.
Stone was born in London, England. She died there at age 87.
Lolita (1962 movie)
Lolita is a 1962 British-American drama movie. It set in the 1950s in the United States. It is based on the novel "Lolita" by Vladimir Nabokov. It was directed by Stanley Kubrick. It is about a middle-aged man Humbert Humbert (James Mason) who becomes obsessed with Lolita, a girl in her early teens. He marries her mother as a means of having a sexual relationship with Lolita. Sue Lyon plays Dolores "Lolita" Haze. Shelley Winters plays Lolita's mother Charlotte Haze.
This movie was released on June 13, 1962.
Sue Lyon
Sue Lyon (July 10, 1946 – December 26, 2019) was an American actress. She played Dolores "Lolita" Haze in the 1962 movie "Lolita". She also played Charlotte in "The Night of the Iguana". In 1963, she won a Golden Globe Award.
Lyon was born in Davenport, Iowa. She was married to screenwriter Hampton Fancher from 1963 until they divorced in 1965. Lyon died of a long-illness in Los Angeles at the age of 73.
The iPhone 5S is a smartphone that is designed and made by Apple Inc. It was released on September 20, 2013. Apple held an event to introduce the iPhone 5S, along with the iPhone 5C, on September 10, 2013. It has the same design as the iPhone 5, but has new features such as the Touch ID fingerprint scanner and an improved camera.
King Abdullah Financial District
The King Abdullah Financial District (KAFD) is being built in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It will have the Saudi Stock Exchange and Capital Market Authority. The KAFD will be an important financial center in the Middle East. However, KAFD will not only be a financial center. It will have areas where people live, offices, and educational and recreational facilities. The King Abdullah Financial District is estimated to be worth about $7.8 billion (US).
There will be multiple educational and recreational attractions for residents and visitors of all ages in The KAFD. KAFD will feature museums, exhibitions, malls, hotels, restaurants, conference centers and auditoriums. Such as, the Aquarium, the Conference Center, the Built Environment Museum, the Earth's Climate Center, the Science Museum, the Relaxation Health Club, and the Interactive Children's Museum. Also, there will be seven uniquely designed mosques spread throughout the KAFD. Also, every building will have footbridges that will connect one building to another. That will make traveling through buildings easy.
Further, the monorail train that will travel through the whole district.
The King Abdullah Financial District will span an area of 1.6 million square meters that consists of 34 towers in total. The KAFD will cover over 3 million square meters of space for different purposes such as residential, parking, and office spaces. KAFD will house 12,000 residents and in addition, it will have 62,000 parking spaces.
The King Abdullah Financial District will have the headquarters of the Capital Market Authority (CMA) and the Saudi Stock Exchange (Tadwul).
Added to that, the KAFD will also accommodate a financial academy, and a number of banks, companies and other financial institutions.
Bombardier Inc has been given a SR904- million ($241-million) contract to build a monorail system for the King Abdullah Financial District. KAFD’s architecture is designed and is being supervised by Henning Larsen Architects. Moreover, Zaha Hadid Architects will design the KAFD’s metro station.
Statistical significance
Statistics uses variables to describe a measurement. Such a variable is called statistically significant if under a certain status quo assumption, the probability of obtaining its outcome (or a more extreme outcome) is less than a given value. Statistical significance is hence a way of determining the "unlikeliness" of an experimental result—when a certain status quo assumption is assumed to be true. Statistical hypothesis tests are used to check significance.
The concept of statistical significance was originated by Ronald Fisher in his 1925 publication, "Statistical Methods for Research Workers", when he developed statistical hypothesis testing (which he described as "tests of significance"). Fisher suggested a probability of one in twenty (0.05 or 5%)—as a convenient cutoff level to reject the null hypothesis. In their 1933 paper, Jerzy Neyman and Egon Pearson recommended that the significance level (for example 0.05), which they called α, be set before any data collection.
Despite his initial suggestion of 0.05 as a significance level, Fisher did not intend this cutoff value to be fixed. In his 1956 publication "Statistical methods and scientific inference", he recommended that significant levels be set according to specific circumstances.
NGC 6193
NGC 6193 is an open cluster of 27 stars in the constellation of Ara. It is about 3,765 light-years away, and it can be seen by eye from Earth.
NGC 6193 lies at the centre of the Ara OB1 association. The cluster radiates energy to the nearby regions of the nebulosity NGC 6188.
At its centre are two O class multiple star systems within 10" of each other, and a probable binary B0 giant. These are very hot large stars. They are part of the multiple star system HD 150136. There are four stars which are each 36 to 63 times more massive than the Sun, 6 to ten times hotter, and each is more than 10,000 times as bright (luminosity) as the Sun.
M43
M78 is a reflection nebula in the constellation of Orion. It is about 1,600 light-years away from Earth. It is part of the Orion complex.
Barnard's Loop
Barnard's Loop is an emission nebula in the constellation of Orion. It is about 1,600 light-years away from Earth. It is part of the Orion complex. It is a semicircular arc that is about 300 light-years across. In the center of Bernard's Loop are two nebula. These are the Orion nebula and the Horsehead nebula. Barnard’s Loop is made up of Plasma. The mainly red color comes from hydrogen gas.
NGC 1999
NGC 2174
Trifid nebula
NGC 6559
Omega Nebula
The Omega Nebula (nicknamed the "Swan Nebula") is an H II region in the constellation of Sagittarius. It is about 5,500 light-years away from Earth. It was discovered by Philippe Loys de Chéseaux in 1745. Charles Messier added it to his catalog as M17 on the night of 3 June 1764. M17 has more names than any other deep-sky object. In addition to the Omega Nebula and Swan Nebula, it is also called the Horseshoe Nebula, the Checkmark Nebula and the Lobster Nebula. Omega can be seen through binoculars or a small telescope.
Bengt Hennings
Bengt Hennings is a dansband from Länghem in Sweden. The band was established in 1967. By the late 2000s and the early 2010s, the band scored album chart successes in Sweden.
The band participated at Dansbandskampen 2008. The band made it further from the first programme together with Scotts, before getting knocked out by Larz-Kristerz in the second programme. The band was then revoted into the finals. The band's wind section won a Guldklaven Award in 2008 in the year "wind musicians of the year". The band has also participated in the documentary film Får jag lov - till den sista dansen?.
Lövgrens
Lövgrens is a dansband from Billesholm in Sweden. The band was established in 1994. In the early 2010s, the band has scored album chart successes in Sweden. The band was called Claes Lövgrens until July 2017. It was named after singer Claes Lövgren. The band's drummer Johan Fredriksson was awarded the "drummer of the year" in 2007.
Lövgrens has played together since 1994. Since new-year 2002-2003, the band is a full-time band, touring all over Sweden
Sugarloaf Cable Car
The Sugarloaf Cable Car; ) is a cableway in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It moves between Praia Vermelha and the inselberg Sugarloaf Mountain. It stops at Morro da Urca (at ) on its way up and down. It reaches the summit of the mountain.
The cableway was envisioned by the engineer Augusto Ferreira Ramos in 1908. He sought support from well-known figures of Rio de Janeiro's high society to promote its construction. It was opened in 1912
Juan Carlos Ferrero
Yevgeny Kafelnikov
María José Alvarado
María José Alvarado Muñoz (19 July 1995 –13 November 2014) was an Honduran beauty queen and Miss Honduras World 2014. She was scheduled to compete at the Miss World 2014 contest in London in December 2014, but was murdered before to the event.
Alvarado was found dead on November 19, 2014 in Cablotales, Honduras. She was 19 years old.
Ramón Hoyos
Ramón Hoyos Vallejo (26 May 1932- 19 November 2014) was a Colombian road bicycle racer. He won the men's individual road race at the 1959 Pan American Games. He represented his native country twice at the Summer Olympics; in 1956 and 1960.
Hoyos died of a heart attack in Bogota, Colombia, aged 82.
Otieno Kajwang
Gerald Otieno Kajwang (15 July 1959 – 18 November 2014) was a Kenyan politician. He was a member of the Orange Democratic Movement. He was elected to represent the Mbita Constituency in the National Assembly of Kenya since the Kenyan parliamentary election, 2007. In the 2013 elections, Kajwang was elected to represent Homa Bay county as a senator.
Kajwang died on 19 November 2014 at Mater hospital from cardiac arrest, aged 55.
Gholam Hossein Mazloumi (13 January 1950 – 19 November 2014) was an Iranian football player, coach and football administrator. He was born in Abadan, Iran.
He played for a three clubs including Taj Abadan, Taj Tehran (Esteghlal), and Shahbaz FC, as well as the Iranian national team. He also managed Esteghlal from 1988 to 1989.
During his time as a football player, he scored 37 goals for Iran national football team and was Iran's all-time top scorer for twelve years before his record being broken by Ali Daei. He was top scorer of 1974 Asian Games and 1976 AFC Asian Cup.
He was chairman of Shahin Bushehr from 2011 until 2013 and also honorary deputy chairman of Esteghlal. He died on 19 November 2014 in Tehran, Iran, aged 64, two years after being diagnosed with stomach cancer.
Gregory Stuart "Greg" Lake (10 November 1947 – 7 December 2016) was an English musician. He was born in Poole, Dorset. He began his career in 1966.
Lake was the founder of the rock band King Crimson. He was later the lead singer in the group Emerson, Lake and Palmer.
Lake died in London on 7 December 2016 from pancreatic cancer, aged 69.
Leon Askin
Leon Askin (Leon Aschkenasy; September 18, 1907 – June 3, 2005) was an Austrian movie and television actor. He was best known for playing the character "General Burkhalter" on the TV situation comedy "Hogan's Heroes". Askin was born in Vienna, Austria.
Askin died in Vienna, Austria from natural causes, aged 97.
Werner Herzog
Werner Herzog Stipetić (; born 5 September 1942 in Munich, Germany), known as Werner Herzog, is a German movie director, producer, screenwriter, author, actor and opera director. He is known for directing science fiction or just fiction movies and documentary films. Herzog is thought to be one of the greatest German movie directors.
Films written, not directed, by Herzog:
Herzog has written all his films, except these which he co-wrote:
Herzog has also co-written:
Life Itself (movie)
Foxcatcher is a 2014 American biographical-drama movie directed by Bennett Miller. It is about how American philanthropist John Eleuthère du Pont killed an Olympian's brother in 1996. It stars Steve Carell, Channing Tatum, Mark Ruffalo, Vanessa Redgrave, and Anthony Michael Hall. It was released on a limited time on November 14, 2014 and will have an extended released in 2015.
Lolita (1997 movie)
Lolita is a 1997 French-American drama movie. It is set in the late 1940s and early 1950s in the United States. It is about a relationship between a man in his forties and a 14 year old girl named Lolita after he marries her mother. Dominique Swain plays Dolores "Lolita" Haze. Jeremy Irons plays Humbert Humbert. Melanie Griffith plays Charlotte Haze. Frank Langella plays Clare Quilty, who lures Lolita away to perform in pornography.
The film had difficulty finding an American distributor and premiered in Europe before being released in America. The film was eventually picked up in the United States by Showtime, a cable network, before finally being released theatrically by The Samuel Goldwyn Company.
The movie got good reviews from the critics. It did poorly at the box office.
It was the second movie made from the book "Lolita".
"Rapunzel" is a German fairy tale. It was first published in 1812 as part of "Grimms' Fairy Tales". The best known line in the story is "Rapunzel, Rapunzel, let down your hair".
The story starts with a lonely couple that wants a child. They live next to a walled garden that belongs to an evil witch named Dame Gothel. The wife is pregnant with a girl. When she gives birth, Dame Gothel takes her newborn and names her Rapunzel.
When Rapunzel turns twelve, she is taken into a tower to be shut out from the world. One day a prince chances upon Rapunzel and asks her to marry him. She agrees.
Dame Gothel finds out about the prince who is planning to free Rapunzel, so she cuts Rapunzel's hair off and sends her to a faraway desert. The following night the prince climbs up the tower only to find Dame Gothel instead of Rapunzel. Dame Gothel throws the prince out of the tower, leading him to fall on thorny bushes and become blind. Months later, the prince, who is still blind, finds Rapunzel through her singing. Rapunzel cries into his arms, and her tears bring back the prince's sight. The prince takes Rapunzel to his kingdom, where they lived happily ever after.
Teratorn
Teratorns were a group of very large birds of prey that lived in the Americas from the Miocene to Pleistocene epochs. They are all extinct now. They include some of the largest known flying birds. So far, at least five species in four genera have been identified:
Teratornithidae are related to New World vultures ("Cathartidae", syn. "Vulturidae").
Telegram (software)
Telegram Messenger is a messaging service which lets its users send each other messages, photos, videos and documents (all file types are supported). The client applications are open source and the server is proprietary software (closed source)
Telegram was started in 2013 by the brothers Nikolai and Pavel Durov, the creators of VK, the largest social network of Russia. Telegram Messenger LLP is an independent nonprofit company located in Berlin, Germany, that is not connected to UK.
In April 2018, Russian court ruled to block Telegram in Russia. Some Russians tried to circumvent the ban by using open proxies in other countries.
Telegram lets its users send voice notes, photos, videos and files of all types. Groups can also have a maximum of 200,000 members. Telegram uses a similar system of message read statuses to WhatsApp, with 1 check=sent, 2 checks=read (opened)
Konstantin Khabensky
Konstantín Yúrievich Khabénsky (; born in 11 January, 1972) is a Russian actor. He played Anton Gorodetsky in the movie Night Watch. He also starred in the sequel, Day Watch.
Khabensky was born and trained in Leningrad. Before "Night Watch", he was already a famous actor in his country. He had appeared in several movies and TV series and theatres. Since 2003, he has been a member of the Moscow Art theatre.
Tänndalen
Tänndalen, Southern Sami: Teanndaelie, is a minor locality in Härjedalen Municipality in Sweden. In 2010, 66 people lived there.
Davis Cup
The Davis Cup is an annual tennis tournament. Countries from around the world compete against each other in teams.
Only the 16 best ranked teams take part. Teams play against each other in rounds or 'ties'. In each tie, 5 matches or 'rubbers' are played: four singles and one doubles match. The team to win the most matches (3 or more) is the winner and goes to the next round.
Liria Palace
The Liria Palace () is a building in Madrid. It is the personal property of the House of Alba.
The palace was commissioned by Duke of Berwick. He was also Duke of Liria.
In the early 19th century, it passed to the House of Alba. Eugénie de Montijo, last empress consort of the French, died here in exile in 1920.
All but the facades were destroyed during the Spanish Civil War. It was rebuilt by Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba and his daughter Cayetana. The British architect Edwin Lutyens provided some designs for the interior. The reconstruction used his plans, even though he died before then.
As of 2012, the owner of the palace was the 18th Duchess of Alba. She lived in Seville. The main resident of the palace was her son and heir Carlos Fitz-James Stuart, 14th Duke of Huéscar.
Mike Nichols
Mike Nichols (born Mikhail Igor Peschkowsky; November 6, 1931 – November 19, 2014) was an American television, stage and movie director, writer, producer and comedian. He was half of the comedy duo Nichols and May, along with Elaine May. In 1968 he won the Academy Award for Best Director for the movie "The Graduate". His other movies include "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?", "Catch-22", "Carnal Knowledge", "Silkwood", "Working Girl", "The Birdcage", "Closer", "Charlie Wilson's War" (his final movie), and the TV mini-series "Angels in America". He also staged the original theatrical productions of "Barefoot in the Park", "Luv", "The Odd Couple" and "Spamalot".
Nichols won an Emmy, Grammy, Oscar, and Tony Award. His other honors included the Lincoln Center Gala Tribute in 1999, the National Medal of Arts in 2001, the Kennedy Center Honors in 2003 and the AFI Life Achievement Award in 2010.
Nichols died suddenly from a heart attack on November 19, 2014, at his home in Manhattan.
Alberto Moreno Pérez (born 5 July 1992) is a Spanish football player. He plays for Liverpool and Spain national team as a defender in the left back position.
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Club Ninja is the tenth studio album by American heavy metal band Blue Oyster Cult. The album was released on December 10, 1985. It was the group's tenth studio album with label Columbia Records. It was their first studio album with new material in 2 years. It was their only album without keyboardist Allen Lanier.
Trophy Wife is an American television sitcom. It aired during the 2013–14 television season on ABC. The series was co-created and executive produced by Emily Halpern and Sarah Haskins for ABC Studios. The series was green-lit by ABC for a series order pick up on May 10, 2013. "Trophy Wife" premiered on September 24, 2013.
On May 8, 2014, ABC canceled "Trophy Wife" after one season. The final episode aired the following week.
The series starred Malin Åkerman, Bradley Whitford and Marcia Gay Harden.
Volker Schlöndorff
Volker Schlöndorff (born 31 March 1939) is a German movie director, screenwriter, and movie producer. He is a very important director of the New German Cinema of the late 1960s and early 1970s.
He won an Oscar as well as the Palme d'or at the 1979 Cannes Film Festival for "The Tin Drum" (1979), the movie version of the novel by Nobel Prize-winning author Günter Grass.
Rainer Werner Fassbinder
Rainer Werner Fassbinder (; 31 May 1945 – 10 June 1982) was a German stage and movie director, movie producer, screenwriter, and stage and movie actor. He is one of the most important figures in the New German Cinema. He was born in Bad Wörishofen, Bavaria, Germany.
Fassbinder was bisexual. He died at the age of 37 from a heart attack caused by a lethal cocktail of cocaine and barbiturates in Munich, Germany.
Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba
María del Rosario Fitz-James Stuart y de Silva, (18th) Duchess of Alba de Tormes, Grandee of Spain (28 March 1926 – 20 November 2014) was a Spanish aristocrat. She was the head of the House of Alba. Stuart was the third woman to carry the title in her own right. She was born in Liria Palace, Madrid, Spain.
Stuart died in Palace of the Dukes of Alba, Seville, Spain, aged 88.
Ken Takakura
, born was a Japanese actor. He was best known for his roles in "Black Rain" and in "The Yakuza". He won the Japan Academy Prize four times, more than any other actor. He was born in Nakama, Fukuoka, Japan.
Takakura died in Tokyo, Japan from lymphoma, aged 83.
Jim Webb
James Henry "Jim" Webb, Jr. (born February 9, 1946) is an American politician. He was a United States Senator from Virginia from 2007 to 2013. He is also an author and served as Secretary of the Navy from 1987 to 1988 under the Ronald Reagan administration. He is a member of the Democratic Party.
Webb announced on November 19, 2014 that he is forming a committee to run for President of the United States in 2016. On July 2, 2015, Webb announced that we will run for president in 2016. He suspended his campaign and withdrew from the election on October 20, 2015.
Webb was born in St. Joseph, Missouri. His father, James Henry Webb, served in the United States Air Force. His mother, Vera Lorraine Hodges, was a housewife. His family descended from Irish-Scots immigrants. Webb went to many schools in the U.S. and in England. He was raised in Bellevue, Nebraska.
Webb graduated from the University of Southern California, Georgetown University Law Center, and from the United States Naval Academy.
From 1977 to 1981, Webb worked on the staff of the House Committee on Veterans Affairs. During this time, he also represented veterans pro bono. Webb also taught at the Naval Academy and was criticized for a 1979 article published in the "Washingtonian" magazine titled "Women Can't Fight" (see "Senate Election" below).
During the Reagan Administration, Webb served as the nation's first Assistant Secretary of Defense for Reserve Affairs from 1984 to 1987.
During his time as Assistant Secretary, Webb sought to reorganize the Marine Corps. He was gravely concerned with the disarray the Marines had fallen into post-Vietnam: drug use, racial infighting, and low morale within the Corps left him with the impression it was no longer America's premier fighting force.
In 1987, he served as Secretary of the Navy, becoming the first Naval Academy graduate to serve as the civilian head of the Navy. As Navy Secretary, Webb pushed the appointment of Alfred M. Gray Jr. as Commandant of the Marine Corps, hoping that Gray could reshape the Corps into the elite unit it once was.
Webb resigned in 1988 after refusing to agree to reduce the size of the Navy. Webb had wished to increase the Navy to 600 ships. As revealed in "The Reagan Diaries", President Ronald Reagan wrote on February 22, 1988: "I don't think Navy was sorry to see him go."
After his resignation, Webb earned his living primarily as an author and filmmaker. He won an Emmy Award for his 1983 PBS coverage of the U.S. Marines in Beirut.
On February 7, 2006, he announced that he would seek the Democratic nomination for the 2006 Senate race against incumbent Virginia Senator George Allen.
In the Democratic primary on June 13, 2006, Webb faced longtime businessman and lobbyist Harris Miller. Webb won with 53.5% of the vote, in a race with low turnout. On January 4, 2007, Webb was sworn into the 110th U.S. Senate, accompanied by Sen. John Warner, R-Va., a fellow former Secretary of the Navy; and former Virginia Democratic Sen. Chuck Robb, who held the same seat before losing to Allen.
On November 15, 2006, Senate majority-leader-in-waiting Harry Reid assigned Webb to three committees: the committees on Foreign Relations, Veterans' Affairs, and Armed Services.
On January 23, 2007, Webb delivered the Democratic response to the President's State of the Union address, focusing on the economy and Iraq. Webb's speech drew positive reviews, and was regarded as one of the stronger State of the Union responses in recent memory. Webb, a decorated war veteran, spoke of his family’s military past, his own passionate attachment to the military, and the way in which previous presidents had always attempted to ensure that all precautions had been taken when sending young Americans into harm's way.
On August 14, 2009 Webb visited Myanmar (Burma), seeing its junta's leader, Gen. Than Shwe, and also the pro-democracy leader Aung San Suu Kyi, who was under house arrest. During Webb's visit with Than Shwe, Webb negotiated the release and deportation of an imprisoned American, John Yettaw.
On February 9, 2011, Webb announced that he would not run for re-election of his Senate seat in 2012.
On November 19, 2014, Webb announced the formation of an exploratory committee in preparation for a possible bid for the Democratic Party's nomination for President of the United States in 2016. He made the announcement via a video posted on his website, as well as on YouTube.
On June 15, 2015, Webb announced he would make a decision regarding a presidential bid by the end of the month. He made a formal announcement on July 2, 2015. He suspended his campaign and withdrew from the election on October 20, 2015.
Webb married Barbara Samorajczyk in 1968. They divorced in 1979. Then, Webb married Jo Ann Kruckar in 1981. They divorced in 2004. Webb is currently married to Hong Lee since 2005. Webb has five children and a step-child.
Paul Nitze
Paul Henry Nitze (January 16, 1907 – October 19, 2004) was an American politician. He helped shape Cold War defense policy over the course of many presidential administrations. He helped Ronald Reagan negotiate the INF Treaty.
Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986
The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), also known as the Simpson-Mazzoli Act, was signed into law by Ronald Reagan on November 6, 1986, is an Act of Congress which reformed United States immigration law.
At the time, the Immigration and Naturalization Service estimated that about four million illegal immigrants would apply for legal status through the act and that roughly half of them would be eligible.
King Ralph
King Ralph is a 1991 American comedy movie, directed by David S. Ward. It stars John Goodman, Peter O'Toole, Richard Griffiths, Leslie Phillips, and John Hurt. It was released to negative reviews on February 15, 1991. The film was fairly successful at the box office, making $52 million compared to its $23 million overall budget.
Museum of Palaeontology and Archaeology of Estanzuela
Audra McDonald
Audra McDonald (born July 3, 1970) is an American actress and singer.
She played Professor Carla Bonatelle in the television series "The Bedford Diaries", Dr. Naomi Bennett in "Private Practice", and Jackie Brock in "Mister Sterling". She was nominated for Emmy Awards for playing Susie Monahan in the TV movie "Wit" and Ruth Younger in the TV movie "A Raisin in the Sun." She won an Emmy in 2015 for her part as Lucy in "", a musical that was filmed for "Live From Lincoln Center". She was also in the "Live From Lincoln Center" filmed musical "Passion" as Clara and played Grace Farrell in the TV movie "Annie" and Mother Abbess in "The Sound of Music Live!". Her show "Lady Day at Emerson's Bar and Grill".
On Broadway she played Ayah in "The Secret Garden", Carrie Pipperidge in "Carousel", Sharon Graham in "Master Class", Sarah in "Ragtime", Marie Christine L'Adrese in "Marie Christine", Lady Percy in "Henry IV", Ruth Younger in "A Raisin in the Sun", Lizzie Curry in "110 in the Shade", Olivia in "Twelfth Night", Bess in "Porgy and Bess", Billie Holiday in "Lady Day at Emerson's Bar and Grill", and Lottie Gee in "Shuffle Along: Or the Making of the Musical Sensation of 1921 and All That Followed". She won Tony Awards for "Carousel", "Master Class", "Ragtime", "A Raisin in the Sun", "Porgy and Bess", and "Lady Day at Emerson's Bar and Grill", and was nominated for "Marie Christine" and "110 in the Shade". She was also nominated for a Grammy Award for "Porgy and Bess".
She also performed in the Broadway concert "Something Wonderful" and played Deena Jones in the Actor's Fund concert of "Dreamgirls". She played Jenny in "Rise and Fall of the City of Mahoganny" at the Los Angeles Opera, and won two Grammy Awards for the cast album.
McDonald has also been in movies. She played Maureen in "Ricki and the Flash", Sally in "Hello Again", and Garderobe in "Beauty and the Beast".
She has her own concert DVD, "Audra McDonald- Live at the Donmar London", and has done lots of shows at Carnegie Hall. She tours frequently. She also has five CDs- "Way Back to Paradise", "How Glory Goes", "Happy Songs", "Build a Bridge", and "Go Back Home".
McDonald was born in Berlin, Germany to American parents. She was raised in Fresno, California.
Into the Woods (movie)
Into the Woods is a 2014 musical fantasy movie. The movie takes characters from different fairy tales, mixing stories. Meryl Streep plays The Witch. Anna Kendrick plays Cinderella. Johnny Depp plays The Wolf. Christine Baranski plays the Stepmother of Cinderella.
The movie was released on December 25, 2014.
Frémontiers
Frémontiers is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2012, 150 people lived there.
Gamaches
Gamaches is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2012, 2,730 people lived there.
Gapennes
Gapennes is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2012, 253 people lived there.
Gentelles
Gentelles is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2012, 562 people lived there.
Ginchy
Ginchy is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Gratibus
Gratibus is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Grivillers
Grivillers is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Gruny
Gruny is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Grivesnes
Grivesnes is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Guerbigny
Guerbigny is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Grattepanche
Grattepanche is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Grécourt
Grécourt is a former commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the commune of Hombleux.
Gueschart
Gueschart is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Gueudecourt
Gueudecourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Guignemicourt
Guignemicourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France. It is located southwest of Amiens.
Guillaucourt
Guillaucourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Guillemont
Guillemont is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
It was an heavy area of combat during World War I.
Guizancourt
Guizancourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Frettecuisse
Frettecuisse is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Friaucourt
Friaucourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Fréchencourt
Fréchencourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Incineration is a form of waste disposal in which waste is burnt. Incineration converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and heat. The heat can be used to generate electricity with a steam turbine.
The first incinerators for waste disposal were built in Nottingham by Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd. in 1874. They were originally known as destructors. The first incinerator in the US was built in 1885 on Governors Island in New York, NY.
Frucourt
Frucourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Fricourt
Fricourt is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Froyelles
Froyelles is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Frettemeule
Frettemeule is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Fricamps
Fricamps is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Hervilly
Hervilly is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Bermesnil
Léalvillers
Léalvillers is a commune. It is in the region Picardie in the Somme department in the north of France.
Hull City Hall
Hull City Hall is a civic building in Kingston upon Hull, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The City Hall does not perform an administrative function for Hull's council. This is based in the Guildhall.
It is a Grade II* listed building, built in the Neo-Baroque style by Hull's City architect Joseph Hirst 1903–09. It was restored c.1950 following war damage. It was altered in 1986 and 1989.
It is located in Queen Victoria Square in the city centre. Hull City Hall is home to a grand central hall which plays host to a varied programme of concerts including pop, rock and classical music as well as civic functions such as graduation ceremonies for the University of Hull. The city's main tourist information office and shop is based on the building's ground floor.
Louvrechy
Louvrechy is a commune. It is in the Picardie region in the Somme department in the north of France. In 2012, 206 people lived there.
Badgers are short-legged mammals found across Europe, Africa, North America and Asia.
Badgers have wide bodies, with short legs for digging. They have long weasel-like heads with small ears. Their tails vary in length depending on species. They have black faces with white markings and grey bodies with a light-coloured stripe from head to tail. They have dark legs with light coloured underbellies. They grow to around in length including the tail. The European badger is one of the largest badgers. The American badger, the hog badger and the honey badger are a little smaller and lighter. They weigh around 9.1–11 kg (20–24 lb) on average, with some badgers in Europe and Asia weighing about 18 kg (40 lb)
A male badger is called a boar. A female is called a sow. A young badger is called a cub.
Badgers are found in North America, Ireland, Britain and most of Europe. The Javan ferret-badger lives in Indonesia. The Bornean ferret-badger lives in Malaysia. The honey badger is found in sub-Saharan Africa, the Arabian Desert, southern Levant, Turkmenistan, and India.