AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The Perelman School of Medicine (Penn Med), is the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania. It is an Ivy League school located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Opened in 1765, Penn Med is the first and oldest medical school in the United States. Today, the Perelman School of Medicine is a chief place of biological and medical research and education. It is one of the country's top medical schools. The school ranks among the highest recipients of the National Institutes of Health research awards.
John Morgan earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from the College of Philadelphia (now called the University of Pennsylvania. He then earned Doctor of Medicine (MD) from the University of Edinburgh Medical School in Scotland. In 1765, after five years training in Edinburgh and touring Europe, Dr. Morgan returned to Philadelphia. There he opened the United States' first medical school at the University of Pennsylvania. He planned for the school to be one of the best medical schools in the country and the world. Dr. Morgan copied many teaching methods from his medical school.
The School of Medicine's professors were known internationally. Some of these were: Benjamin Rush, Philip Syng Physick, Robert Hare, William pepper, and Joseph Leidy. In 1847, a convention of medical doctors started the American Medical Association. The first President was Nathaniel Chapman, a professor at the School.
Constant function
In mathematics, a constant function is a function whose output value is the same for every input value. For example, the function formula_1 is a constant function because the value of  formula_2  is 4 regardless of the input value formula_3 (see image).
Formally, a constant function "f"("x"):R→R has the form  formula_4. Usually we write formula_5  or just  formula_6.
Example: The function  formula_7  or just  formula_8  is the specific constant function where the output value is  formula_9. The domain is all real numbers ℝ. The codomain is just {4}. Namely, "y"(0)=4, "y"(−2.7)=4, "y"(π)=4... No matter what value of "x" is input, the output is "4".
In the context where it is defined, the derivative of a function measures the rate of change of function (output) values with respect to change in input values. A constant function does not change, so its derivative is 0. This is often written:  formula_12 .
Example:  formula_13  is a constant function. The derivative of "y" is the identically zero function   formula_14  .
The converse (opposite) is also true. That is, if the derivative of a function is zero everywhere, then the function is a constant function.
Mathematically we write these two statements:
A function "f" : "A" → "B" is a constant function if "f"("a") = "f"("b") for every "a" and "b" in "A".
Real-world example: A store where every item is sold for 1 euro. The domain of this function is "items in the store". The codomain is "1 euro".
Example: Let "f" : "A" → "B" where "A"={X,Y,Z,W} and "B"={1,2,3} and "f"("a")=3 for every "a"∈"A". Then "f" is a constant function.
Example: "z"("x","y")=2 is the constant function from "A"=ℝ² to "B"=ℝ where every point ("x","y")∈ℝ² is mapped to the value "z"=2. The graph of this constant function is the horizontal plane (parallel to the "x"0"y" plane) in 3-dimensional space that passes through the point (0,0,2).
Example: The polar function "ρ"("φ")=2.5 is the constant function that maps every "angle" φ to the "radius" ρ=2.5. The graph of this function is the circle of radius 2.5 in the plane.
There are other properties of constant functions. See on English Wikipedia
Mixed-breed dog
A mixed-breed dog is a dog that is of more than one breed. For example, a Labradoodle is a dog with genes of both Labrador Retriever and poodle.
Other words for a mixed-breed dog are mongrel or mutt.
Inline skating
Inline skating is a kind of skating. It involves a person moving across land using shoes that have wheels on the bottom. It is similar to roller skating, except that the wheels are smaller and are in a single line. Inline skating is also called rollerblading, after the "Rollerblade" brand of skates. .
Inline skates usually have between 2 and 5 polyurethane wheels. These wheels are arranged in a single line. This allows for faster speeds than roller skates.
The Voyage of the Beagle is the usual title of the book written by Charles Darwin. He first published it in 1839 as his Journal and Remarks.
The title refers to the second survey expedition of the ship HMS "Beagle". The ship set sail from Plymouth Sound on 27 December 1831 under the command of Captain Robert FitzRoy R.N.
The expedition was originally planned to last two years, but it lasted almost five. The "Beagle" did not return until 2 October 1836. Darwin spent most of this time exploring on land (three years and three months on land; 18 months at sea). The ship dropped him off at various places and picked him up later.
The book is a vivid and exciting travel memoir as well as a detailed scientific field journal. It includes biology, geology, and anthropology. Darwin's observations were written at a time when Western Europeans were exploring and charting the whole world. Although Darwin revisited some areas during the expedition, for clarity the chapters of the book are ordered by places and locations rather than by date.
Darwin's notes made during the voyage include comments illustrating his thinking. Looking at the plants, animals, rocks and fossils, he ran across questions which he could not answer at the time. On his way back, ideas began in his mind which he developed later as his theory of evolution by natural selection. The second edition of 1845 includes some suggestion of this.
Later, he realised he had made a big mistake in not noting which islands some specimens from the Galapagos Islands were found on. He knew this was a mistake because he had sensed how islands were rather like the higher parts of mountains, which also have many unique species. The idea we now know as geographical speciation was beginning to form in his mind. Darwin opened his secret 'transmutation' notebook (Notebook 'B') in July 1837, less than a year after the "Beagle" returned to England.
Palm oil
Palm oil is a vegetable oil. Natural palm oil is red, but the red part is usually removed before the oil is used. It is made from the fruit of the African Oil Palm tree. Some comes from the American Oil Palm. Palm oil is used in many different products, like ice cream, toothpaste, chocolate, and candy. Most palm oil is made in West Africa and Southeast Asia on plantations.
Candy floss
Candy floss is sugar that is spun with air. It is also called cotton candy or fairy floss. It is spun in machines. When spun, a small amount of sugar creates a much larger serving of candy floss. This is because it is mostly air. It is usually served on a stick or in a bag. Food colouring is sometimes used to change the natural white colour. Flavour is also sometimes added. Candy floss is often sold at fairs or circuses.
Candy floss was first made in Europe in the 18th century. At that time, spun sugar was expensive. The average person could not afford it. Machines to spin the sugar were invented in 1897 by William Morrison and John C. Wharton. They introduced it at the World's Fair in 1904, under the name "Fairy Floss". It was very successful. They sold 68,655 boxes at 25 cents each box (equivalent to US$6 per box today). In UAE it sold in 5 AED.
Movement (disambiguation)
Movement is the action of changing something's position.
Movement can also mean:
Bed (geology)
In geology a bed is the smallest division of rock or deposit. It is a geologic formation or stratigraphic rock series marked by well-defined divisional planes (bedding planes) separating it from layers above and below.
A bed is the smallest lithostratigraphic unit. It ranges in thickness from a centimetre to several metres. It can be distinguished from beds above and below it by rock or mineral type and particle size. The term is usually applied to sedimentary strata, but may also be used for volcanic flows or ash layers.
In a quarry, bedding is a term used for a structure occurring in granite and similar rocks which allows them to split in well-defined planes horizontally or parallel to the land surface.
In geotechnical engineering a bedding plane often forms a discontinuity that may have a large influence on the mechanical behaviour (strength, deformation) of soil and rock masses. This is important in, for example, tunnel, foundation, or slope construction.
Poi spinning
Poi spinning is a type of performance art. It involves using a set of weights on strings. Many people use beanbags in long socks. These are called a set of poi. People spin the poi around their body drawing shapes in the air.
LED lights or fire is sometimes used to make the poi easier to see and more exciting to watch.
Savannah monitor
The savannah monitor (or Bosc's monitor) is a medium-sized monitor lizard from Africa. Its scientific name is "Varanus exanthematicus".
Its range extends throughout sub-Saharan Africa, from Senegal east to Sudan and south almost to the Congo River and Great Rift Valley. It is a ground-dwelling species which shelters in burrows, although it is sometimes found in bushes or low trees.
Information about the diet of Savannah monitors in the wild has been recorded in Senegal and Ghana. It feeds almost exclusively on arthropods and molluscs.
Primark
Primark is an Irish clothing retailer founded by Sir Alfred Brown. The company operates in Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Ireland (38 stores branded as Penneys), Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Italy, and the United States. The company's headquarters are in Dublin. Primark is a subsidiary of British food processing company ABF. Primark first opened in June 1969 in Mary Street (Dublin). All of the company's merchandise is made specifically for the company. Primark has its own brand names. It sells clothing at the budget end of the market.
Toots and the Maytals
Maher El-Beheiry
Dési Bouterse
Desiré Delano "Dési" Bouterse (born 13 October 1945) is a Surinamese politician. He was the President of Suriname from 2010 to 2020. From 1980 to 1987 he was Suriname's "de facto" leader when the country was under military rule.
On February 25, 1980, the government of Suriname underwent a military coup led by Bouterse. Though the Suriname Presidency was retained, Bouterse was the nation's ruler until his resignation in 1988.
Bouterse is held responsible for the numerous human rights violations committed under his dictatorship, such as the murder of 15 people known as the , and the massacre in the village Moiwana.
On July 19, 2010, he was elected as President of Suriname with 36 of 50 parliament votes.
Mog (Judith Kerr)
Mog, is the main character in a series of books for children. The author is Judith Kerr. In the series Mog was well loved by Mr and Mrs Thomas (Mog's owners) and their two children Nicky and Debbie. In the books Mog, a cat, would often get into a difficult situation with a new character or event.
Mog died of old age in the final book, "Goodbye, Mog" and goes to heaven. It was published in 2002. It is not usual for a pet to die in stories for young children just learning to read. Kerr said ""I don't think it was so much about killing off Mog, as rather doing something about dying...and being remembered."
In November 2015, Mog came back as a CGI character for the 2015 Christmas video advert for the supermarket, Sainsbury's. In "Mog's Christmas Calamity" Mog accidentally starts a fire in her house after having a bad dream. She saves her family by calling firefighters by running across the telephone and dialing the emergency number. She is a hero for saving her owners, and is later given an egg as a treat. A special plush Mog and book version of the story were sold at Sainsbury's, with all profits being donated to Save the Children's child literacy work.
Chesterton Community Sports College
Bettringen
Bettringen is a village in southwest Germany. About 9,000 people live there. It is part of the town of Schwäbisch Gmünd. It is near Stuttgart.
The village is about 800 years old. It was founded in 1218. In the 15th century, the names "Oberbettringen" (upper Bettringen) and "Unterbettringen" (lower Bettringen) are found in documents. In 1464, it first became part of Schwäbisch Gmünd. Later it became independent again.
In 1870, more than 500 people lived in Bettringen. Some other villages were part of it.
In 1959, it became part of Schwäbisch Gmünd. That was before the area reforms of Baden-Württemberg.
The city council has eight members of the CDU, four members of the SPD, three members of the Green Party and one seat for the FDP.
Bettringen is mainly Catholic.
The L1160 and L1161 roads pass through the village. The B29 road bypasses the village.
Winfried Kretschmann
Winfried Kretschmann (born May 17, 1948 in Spaichingen) is the Minister-President of the Southwest German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. He is the first Minister-President of the Green Party.
Kretschmann is born to Catholic parents. He went to school in Riedlingen (District of Biberach). His parents wanted him to become a priest. Instead he joined a school for teaching education and became teacher for Biology, Chemistry and Ethics.
Kretschmann started his political career at the Communist League of West Germany in 1973. He later changed his view and is now part of the more conservative Green party.
In 1979/80 he was a co-founder of the Green Party in Baden-Württemberg. He was leader of the Green Party in Baden-Württemberg from 1983 to 1984 and 2002 to 2011. In 2011 he became ninth Minister-President of Baden-Württemberg. He was President of the Bundesrat from 2012 to 2013.
In the parliamentarian of the Baden-Wuerttemberg state parliament election 2016 he was reelected.
Kretschmann is married and has three children.
Riedlingen
Riedlingen is a town in the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. About 10,000 people live there. It is near the Danube.
Riedlingen is over 1,000 years old. Its foundation is dated back to the 13th century. Documents mention it as early as 835. In 1806, it became part of the Kingdom of Württemberg. In 1973 it became part of the District of Biberach.
Riedlingen's current mayor is Marcus Schafft (CDU).
François Cavanna
François Cavanna (22 February 1923 – 29 January 2014) was a French author and satirical newspaper editor.
He helped create the "Hara Kiri" and "Charlie Hebdo". He wrote in many of genres including reportage, satire, essays, novels, autobiography and humor. He also translated six books about famous cartoonists.
Cavanna was born on 22 February 1923 in Nogent-sur-Marne. his father was Italian. Cavanna died on 29 January 2014 in Créteil, France from Parkinson's disease, aged 90.
Mamdouh Eldamaty
Mamdouh Mohamed Gad Eldamaty (; born December 6, 1961 in Cairo) is Professor of Egyptology at the Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Arts, Ain Shams University in Cairo. On May 15, 2011, he became Cultural Counselor and Head of Educational Mission at the Embassy of Egypt in Berlin.
He attended high school in Cairo. In 1979, he registered at the Faculty of Archeology, Cairo University. In July 1981, he was looking for a summer job as a student. He went to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and met with Dr. Mohamed Saleh, the vice director of the museum. He worked there for one month. In summer 1982, he worked at the museum again for a summer student job. He did work that brought him in contact with all departments of the museum. In 1983, he graduated at the Faculty of Archeology, Cairo University.
After his graduation, he worked again for the museum for one month for free. After that, he joined the restoration team of the Coptic Museum for several months. In January 1984, he started his 15 month long conscription service. He worked at the museum again from April 1985 to September 1987. He rejoined his Faculty at Cairo University to resume higher studies. The thesis of his Master's Degree was "St- Meskhnet hall at Dendara Temple, linguistic and cultural study" under supervision of Prof. Abdelhalim Noureldin and partnership of Dr. Ola El-Aguizy.
Through his work at the Museum he became acquainted to many Egyptologists and archaeologists who visited the Museum. Among those was Prof. Erich Winter at Trier University, who along with his wife visited Egypt in 1987 and were accompanied by the young Mamdouh Eldamaty during their 3-day visit to Siwa Oasis. This new contact proved to be quite useful as Prof. Winter encouraged the young Egyptologist to continue his studies under his supervision at the Department of Egyptology at Trier University.
In October 1988 he worked as a curator at Faculty of Archaeology Museum of Cairo University. During his work he got his Master Degree in April 1989 in Egyptology from the same faculty. Immediately he left Egypt for Germany on leave to prepare his PhD.
Trying his luck without any state sponsored scholarship it was rather difficult to get an entry visa to study in Germany without guarantor. Thanks to the help and support of his Professor and guarantor, Prof. Dr. Mohamed Saleh, an entry visa was issued and he started his German courses at Cologne University as soon as he arrived to Germany. He supported his life by working during summer vacation. While in Cologne he held correspondence with Trier University. He got an acceptance from Trier University, which he joined from winter semester 1989/ 1990. He started his Trier residence by learning German until he acquired the ‘Prüfung zum Nachweis der Deutsch Sprachkenntnis’ that qualified him to regular study at the university. He registered for Egyptology as major subject with classical archaeology and ethnology as minor subject in summer semester 1991.
At the winter semester 1992/ 93 he registered for his PhD with thesis ‘Sokar- Osiris- Kapelle im Tempel von Dendera’ for which he received a study scholarship from Ministry of Culture at Rhineland Palatia that enabled him to conclude his study in June 1995.
During his stay in Germany, on February 26th 1992 he married Aida Abdelghany Ahmed, who studied sociology at Zagazig University. She accompanied him to Germany where gave birth to their first daughter, Mariam (11.Feb. 1993) in Trier.
Having concluded his PhD, he returned to Egypt in September 1995 but kept visiting Trier frequently in the years 1996, 1997, 1999, 2002, 2004 and 2007 in order to follow recent publications and studies on Egyptology.
Back in Cairo, where the family got a son and another daughter, he resumed his work for the Faculty’s Museum until January 1996.
Starting from January 1996 he started as lecturer for Egyptology at Faculty of Tourism and Hotels, Cairo University, Fayoum Branch. Upon founding an archaeological department at the Faculty of arts, Ain Shams University in August 1998, he moved to the new department as a lecturer for Egyptology until end of 2001.
At the beginning of 2001 he was appointed Director General of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, a post that he held until End of January 2004.
During his directorship the Museum witnessed several far reaching activities, developing its cellar (April 2001), restoration of old records of the Museum (May 2001), preparing for the second chamber for royal mummies (June 2001) and establishing restoration laboratory for papyrus, in cooperation with Corrado Basile, Director of Istituto Internazionale del Papiro, Siracusa in Italy (March 2003).
In July 2001 he laid forward a concept for the centennial of the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, which included several projects to promote and develop the old institution. This concept was approved by Dr. Gaballa Ali Gaballa, the then Secretary General of the Higher Council for Monuments and by the Minister of Culture as well.
These activities were performed in late 2002 in the time of the successor of Gaballa, Dr. Zahi Hawas, who gave this ceremony special attention.
Eldamaty was assigned also to supervise the external exhibitions committee from May 2002 till February 2004.
Having concluded his assignment at the Egyptian Museum he returned to his main work in teaching at the Ain Shams University. There he got the post of associate professor of Egyptology at the Faculty of Arts from 25.03.2001 till 20.08.2006. As of 21.08.2006 he became a full professor of Egyptology and presided over the archaeological Department of Faculty of Arts at Ain Shams University from 12.09.2006 till 12.09.2009.
Besides he was assigned to head the college center for studies, consultations and training from 15.10.2008 till 13.10.2009 when he overtook the post of director of open education center from 22.03.2009 till 15.11.2009.
Starting from 13.09.2009 till 14.05.2011 he was the Dean of Faculty of Arts at the Ain Shams University. During his deanship he supervised the project for sustainable development and qualifying for Accreditation. This sustainable development specified certain criteria for selection of university cadres, which was approved by the college council, albeit not by the university council due to the political conditions accompanying the Arab spring in January 2011.
Following the revolution he organized the first election process in Egyptian universities to choose his successor as Dean of the Faculty in March 2011, as he left the country on 15.05.2011 in the capacity of cultural counselor at the Egyptian Embassy to Berlin and head of educational mission there. At this post he supervises all Egyptian students in Germany, Netherlands, Poland, Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway.
Trier (Germany).
Ptolemaic period” in the faculty of archaeology, Cairo university.
the Ptolemaic time” in the faculty of archaeology, Cairo university, branch of
Fayiom.
Tourism and Hotels.
ICOM-Arab (Sep. 2001 – Oct. 2003).
(Bibliotheca Alexandrina).
Museum of Egyptian antiquities to be built in Giza (from Sep.1999 to
31.01.2004).
Legion of Honor “Cavalier” from the Italian Government (Oct. 10. 2004).
State Award for Excellence in Social Sciences (Jun. 21. 2010)
Egypt, Washington 2002. (in USA).
(together with Mohamed Saleh), Athens 2003. (in Greece).
Switzerland).
2004, 17-26. (in Switzerland).
Editing of
Ralph Hall
Ralph Moody Hall (May 3, 1923 – March 7, 2019) was an American politician. He was a United States representative from Texas from 1981 through 2015.
He was the dean of the Texas congressional delegation. He was also the former chairman of the House Committee on Science, Space and Technology from 2011 to 2013.
He is also a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Originally a member of the Democratic Party for more than fifty years, in 2004 he switched to the Republican Party.
He was the last of two World War II veterans serving in Congress, the other being Michigan Congressman John Dingell.
Hall was born on May 3, 1923 in Fate, Texas. He studied at Southern Methodist University. Hall married Mary Ellen in 1944. They had three children. Ellen died in 2008. Hall died at his ranch in Rockwall, Texas, a suburb of Dallas on March 7, 2019 from cardiac arrest, aged 95.
Tlatelolco (Mexico City)
Tlatelolco ("") is an area in the Cuauhtémoc borough of Mexico City. It is centered on the Plaza de las Tres Culturas.
Poi or POI can mean several things:
Solid geometry is the geometry of three-dimensional Euclidean space. It includes the measurements of volumes of various solid figures (three-dimensional figures). These include pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, and prisms.
It is Euclidean geometry, but not plane geometry. Points are defined as a defined position on a sphere. A "staight line" is the shortest path between two points which stays on the surface of the sphere.
Euclid's account of spherical geometry is in his Elements volumes XIXIII containing solid geometry, and in his lesser-known work the "Phaenomena", which includes 25 geometric propositions. The actual discoveries were often made by others.
The Pythagoreans dealt with the regular solids, like the cube and the sphere. The pyramid, prism, cone and cylinder were not studied until the Platonists. Eudoxus proved the pyramid and cone have one-third the volume of a prism and cylinder on the same base and of the same height.
The equations for areas and volumes in two and three dimensions was proved by Archimedes. One of Archimedes' works was called "On the sphere and the cylinder". He asked that a carving of the two solid figures be placed on his tomb. He specified a "right circular cylinder with height equal to its circumference" because he had used this in his proof.
People use solid geometry for many purposes including engineering and the calculation of perspective.
Not proven is a type of verdict in Scottish law. Out of the country, the "not proven" verdict may be referred to as the Scottish verdict, and in Scotland itself it may be referred to colloquially as the bastard verdict, which was a term coined by Sir Walter Scott, who was sheriff in the court of Selkirk.
Scottish law is distinct from English law, and this is one of the differences. Juries may convict with a guilty verdict or they may acquit (see below)). A criminal case jury consists of 15 jurors, and make their decision by a simple majority vote: eight votes are necessary and sufficient for the verdict ""guilty"", which has replaced the older verdict ""proven"".
In Scotland there are two forms of acquittal:
In humans, the sacrum is a large, triangular bone. It is at the bottom of the spine and the upper and back part of the pelvis.
It fits like a wedge between the two hip bones. Its upper part connects with the last lumbar vertebra, and bottom part with the coccyx (tailbone). During the first half of life these bones gradually fuse together.
The sacrum is concave facing forward, and tilted forward. The sacrum connects with four bones:
Solero
Solero is a ice-cream brand, usually fruit and/or berry flavored, sold under the Heartbrand name by Unilever.
Solero is sold as Splice in Australia and as Salar in Iran.
Dogecoin is a Litecoin-based digital currency (cryptocurrency). It was created by Billy Markus and Jackson Palmer on 8 December 2013, and was inspired by the Shiba Inu featured in the "Doge" internet meme.
Outstanding Eagle Scout Award
The NESA Outstanding Eagle Scout Award (NOESA) is a distinguished service award of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA). It is awarded to an Eagle Scout by the for distinguished service to his profession and community. He must be recommended by his local BSA council, NESA committee, Scout executive and council president.
A council may present one NOESA per year plus one award for every 100 Eagle Scout awards above of 200 awards presented to youth the previous year. The Distinguished Eagle Scout Award (DESA) is a similar distinguished award, but requires twenty-five years as an Eagle Scout. NOESA is not required for the DESA award, but DESA recipients may not receive the NOESA.
The award consists of a round gold pendant with the NOESA emblem in silver. It is suspended from a blue ribbon. The NOESA emblem is in the shape of the NESA logo. It is round with a descending knot, with an eagle in flight and the word NOESA. A smaller pin-on version of the NOESA emblem may be worn on the Eagle Scout square knot patch on the Scout uniform. A lapel pin version of the NOESA emblem may be worn on the lapel when not in uniform. The recipient is also presented with a certificate.
The NOESA was introduced during BSA'a 100th Anniversary year with the first 152 awards being made in 2011 by the National Eagle Scout Association. This was on the recommendation of local council NESA Committees. In 2012, an additional 179 were awarded bringing the total to 331. The award was created to recognize notable Eagle Scouts who had either performed their distinguished service closer to home (at the local, state, or regional level) or who were known nationally, but had not yet been an Eagle for 25-years: a requirement for the Distinguished Eagle Scout Award.
For more details: "List of Eagle Scouts"
2013–14 Cambodian protests
Cambodian protests or Anti-government protests, have been going on in Cambodia since July 2013. Demonstrations in Phnom Penh have taken place against the government of Prime Minister Hun Sen. These were because many reasons, including widespread claims of election fraud during the Cambodian general election of 2013. Protesters want the minimum wage raised to $160 a month. There is also resentment over Vietnamese influence in Cambodia. Also, Cambodia is a very poor country and the government is not doing much to address the issues. The main opposition party, CNRP (Cambodia National Rescue Party), refused to participate in parliament after the elections. Major demonstrations took place all through December 2013. The government took action in January 2014. This led to the deaths of 4 people and the clearing of the main protest camp.
Hun Sen has been the prime minister of Cambodia for 28 years. He is the leader of the Cambodian People's Party (CPP). In 2013 he was challenged by Sam Rainsy leader of the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP). On 28 July 2013 general elections were held in Cambodia. The ruling Cambodian People's Party claimed victory by winning 68 seats in Parliament. The Cambodia National Rescue Party won 55 seats. They then rejected the election results and boycotted the opening of parliament. The CNRP claimed there had been irregularities with the voting. The European Union (E.U.) and the United States also expressed concern about possible fraud. The international non-governmental organisation Human Rights Watch called for an 'independent commission' to investigate charges of election fraud.
Security police clashed with Cambodian protesters when the police blocked the two main roads near the Kbal Thnal Bridge leading into Phnom Penh. Police shot and killed one protester wearing a yellow headband with the word, “We demand Justice”. Three others were seriously injured. Ten people were arrested. Police used firearms, tear gas and against the protesters. The protesters smashed a barrier in the middle of a road. They also threw rocks, shoes and other objects at the police. One policeman was injured. This clash happened the day before the scheduled talks between Prime Minister Hun Sen and CRNP leader Sam Rainsy.
A woman was shot and nine others were wounded when clothing workers in Phnom Penh protested . About 100 police blocked some 600 protesters who were airing their complaints over low pay and poor working conditions along Stung Meanchey road. Police fired live bullets and tear gas to rescue fellow officers. Protesters threw rocks at police. When protesters retreated into a pagoda police fired tear gas into the building. Buddhist monks joined in the protests also throwing rocks at police. More than a dozen people including several monks were arrested.
On 27 December striking garment workers and police officers clashed on a road on the outskirts of Phnom Penh. The opposition party organised large protests in Phnom Penh during December, including motorbike rallies. The government called the protests illegal and stated that they were 'inciting anarchy'.
On 3 January at least four people were shot to death and 20 others were injured when police opened fire to break up a protest by garment workers. The workers were demanding their minimum wage be doubled. They had blocked the road with burning tires. Protesters also threw objects at police. By this time most of the workers at Cambodia's 500 factories were on strike. The demand was still for a $160 a month in minimum wage while the government had offered $100. This was the second day of strikes and clashes with police. The opposition party and anti-government protesters have close ties with the labor movement. Unions representing disgruntled garment workers joined the protest with opposition supporters against the government of Prime Minister Hun Sen. They want a re-run of the July election. Sam Rainsy, CNRP leader promised to nearly double wage to $160 if CNRP wins a re-election.
On 4 January a camp occupied by anti-government demonstrators was taken down by Cambodian officials. The camp was in Freedom Park. Hundreds of CNRP supporters started occupying the space on 15 December. It is the only place in Phnom Penh that allowed protests. Protesters fled with their belongings as they saw police approaching. Police did not enter the park, but allowed security guards and city workers to take down the stage and clear the grounds. In spite of the clearing of the park a rally planned for Sunday would go ahead according to Rainsy. At that rally at least eight people injured. On 6 January a protest was led by radio station owner Mam Sonando. They gathered in front of the Cambodia Ministry of Information to demand a license for a television channel. The government rejected the application saying that there was no frequency available. All local TV channels are closely linked to Prime Minister Hun Sen.
Perfume (song)
"Perfume" is a ballad released by Britney Spears in late 2013. It is from her 8th studio album "Britney Jean". It is the second single from the album. It stalled in the bottom 50 of the Billboard Hot 100.
Thomas Young (13 June 1773 – 10 May 1829) was an English polymath. Young made important scientific contributions to many fields. His most famous work is on the wave theory of light. He also did good work to the fields of vision, solid mechanics, energy, physiology, language, musical harmony, and Egyptology. Among others, William Herschel, Hermann von Helmholtz, James Clerk Maxwell and Albert Einstein have praised Young's work.
Physalis
The Physalis is a genus of plants that is part of the nightshade family. There are between 75 and 90 species. All except one are native to the Americas.
The plants grow small orange fruit encased in a lantern-like husk that comes from the calyx. They are similar to the tomato. Since it has a mild, refreshing acidity similar to the tomato, it can be used in many of the same ways. Many "Physalis" species are called groundcherries.
Michael Silka
Michael Alan Silka (20 August 1958 in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, near Chicago – 19 May 1984 in Alaska) was an American spree killer. It is believed that he killed nine people near a town called Manley Hot Springs in Alaska in May 1984. Silka was killed in a shootout with police after his murders.
Delaware State University
Delaware State University (also called DSU, DESU, or Del State) is a public university in Dover, Delaware. It is a historically black university. That means that it was started to teach African American students.
DSU has campuses in Wilmington, Delaware and Georgetown, Delaware. It has six colleges. It has about 4,500 students, both undergraduate and postgraduate. DSU is the second-largest university in the state (after the University of Delaware).
The school started on May 15, 1891 as the State College for Colored Students. It first gave degrees in 1898. In 1944, it received provisional accreditation. Three years later, it became Delaware State College. The school lost its accreditation in 1949, but got it back in 1957. On July 1, 1993, the school's name changed to Delaware State University.
The main campus in Dover covers . It has thirty buildings. There are seven buildings where students live, four for women and three for men. There are also three apartment-style buildings where upperclassmen live. There are two dining halls.
The university has several research computer laboratories. Almost every building has a computer lab. Every student has their own port for internet access, their own phone, and a campus email address. There is cable television access in all residence hall rooms. Most campus buildings also have wireless connectivity.
DSU owns two farms near Kenton and Smyrna. It has an Airway Science Program based at Delaware Air Park in Cheswold.
Bubblegum pop
The Mighty Hannibal
James Timothy Shaw (August 9, 1939 – January 30, 2014), known as The Mighty Hannibal, was an American R&B, soul and funk singer, songwriter and record producer.
Hannibal died on January 30, 2014, at the age of 74.
Abdirizak Haji Hussein
Abdirizak Haji Hussein (; ; December 24, 1924January 31, 2014) was Prime Minister of Somalia from 14 June 1964 to 15 July 1967. From 1975 to 1980, he also served as the country's ambassador to the United Nations. He was a former member of the Somali Youth League. He played an important part in the nation's early civilian administration.
Hussein died from pneumonia on January 31, 2014 in Minneapolis, Minnesota after being hospitalized for a week.
Miklós Jancsó
Miklós Jancsó (27 September 192131 January 2014) was a Hungarian movie director and screenwriter.
Jancsó became famous during the mid-1960s. His famous works were "The Round Up" ("Szegénylegények", 1965), "The Red and the White" ("Csillagosok, katonák", 1967) and "Red Psalm" ("Még kér a nép", 1971).
Jancsó died on 31 January 2014, aged 92.
Christopher Jones (actor)
William Frank Jones, better known as Christopher Jones (August 18, 1941 – January 31, 2014), was an American movie and television actor. He was known for his roles on "Ryan's Daughter" and in "The Legend of Jesse James". He was also known for having a love-affair with Sharon Tate shortly before her murder.
Jones was born on August 18, 1941 in Jackson, Tennessee. He was married to Susan Strasberg, Lee Strasberg's daughter. They had one child. Jones died on January 31, 2014 from gallbladder cancer, aged 74.
Everett Dirksen
Everett McKinley Dirksen (January 4, 1896 – September 7, 1969) was an American politician. He represented Illinois in the U.S. House of Representatives (1933–1949) and U.S. Senate (1951–1969).
As Senate Minority Leader for ten years, he was very important in the politics during the 1960s. Some things he did was to help passing the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Open Housing Act of 1968, both landmarks of civil rights legislation.
He was also one of the Senate's strongest supporters of the Vietnam War and was known as "The Wizard of Ooze" for his oratorical style. Dirksen was a freemason.
Dirksen died on September 7, 1969 in Washington, D.C. from cardiopulmonary arrest caused by lung cancer-related bronchopneumonia, aged 73.
Presidential library
A presidential library is a system of thirteen libraries in the United States. It is created by the Office of Presidential Libraries, which is part of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA).
These are offices for preserving and making available the papers, records, collections and other historical materials of every President of the United States. The presidential library system began with Herbert Hoover's library (31st President, 1929–1933).
The Ronald Reagan Presidential Library is the largest of the thirteen libraries. The most recent presidential library was the George W. Bush Presidential Center which opened in Texas in 2013.
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum
The John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum is the presidential library and museum. It was constructed in honor and to remember the life and achievements of the 35th President of the United States John F. Kennedy. It is located in Boston, Massachusetts. It was designed by the architect I. M. Pei. It was opened to the public on October 20, 1979 and was rededicated on October 23, 1993.
On April 15, 2013, a fire began in the library. At first, reports said the fire appears to have started in a mechanical room. An official communication from the library stated that the fire is being investigated. At this time, the fire appears to be unrelated to the Boston Marathon bombings that occurred on the same day.
Tomáš Fleischmann
Tomáš Fleischmann (born May 16, 1984, in Kopřivnice, Czechoslovakia) is a former Czech NHL ice hockey left winger that played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Montreal Canadiens, Anaheim Ducks, Florida Panthers, Colorado Avalanche, and Washington Capitals.
Before playing the NHL, Fleischmann played 2 seasons with Moose Jaw Warriors of the Western Hockey League. He was drafted by the Detroit Red Wings with the 63rd overall pick in the 2002 NHL Entry Draft. He never played with the Red Wings however and he along with draft picks were traded to the Washington Capitals for Robert Lang. He played 3 seasons in the AHL with their affiliate, the Hershey Bears. Fleischmann would play 6 seasons with the Capitals and was traded to the Colorado Avalanche for Scott Hannan on November 30, 2010. His season with the Avalanche was cut short when he was diagnosed with pulmonary emboli and had to miss the rest of the season.
On July 1, 2011, he signed a four-year contract worth $18 million with the Florida Panthers.
On February 28, 2015, he was traded from Florida to Anaheim Ducks in exchange for forward Dany Heatley and a draft pick in the third round of 2015 NHL draft. After the season he left the team as an unrestricted free agent. On September 13, 2015, he was invited through proffesional tryout to Montreal Canadiens camp and on October, 4, 2015, he signed a one-year contract worth $750.000.
On February, 26, 2016, he was traded along with forward Dale Weise to Chicago Blackhawks in exchange for forward Phillip Danault and a draft pick in second round of 2018 NHL draft.
Aïché Nana
Kiash Nanah (2 February 1936 – 29 January 2014) or Aïché Nana was a Lebanese-born Turkish actress, dancer and stripper. She was known for inspiring the dance of "La Dolce Vita". She began her career when she was fourteen in 1950.
Nana died on 29 January 2014, aged 77, at the Aurelia Hospital in Rome, Italy. The cause was not published.
František Kaberle
František "Frank" Kaberle (born November 8, 1973, in Kladno, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech retired ice hockey defenceman. He played a combined ten seasons in the National Hockey League. His brother Tomáš currently plays for HC Kladno of the Czech Extraliga and formerly played in the NHL.
Before playing the NHL, Kaberle played two seasons with HC Kladno of the Czech Extraliga and four seasons with Modo Hockey of the Swedish Hockey League. He was drafted by the Los Angeles Kings with the 76th overall pick in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft. Kaberle only played one season with the Kings and was traded along with Donald Audette to the Atlanta Thrashers for Kelly Buchberger and Nelson Emerson on March 13, 2000.
He played five seasons with the Thrashers and signed with the Carolina Hurricanes on July 15, 2004 after the 2004-05 NHL lockout. With the Hurricanes, he reached the Stanley Cup Finals and scored a powerplay goal against the Edmonton Oilers which would wind being the winner as the Hurricanes won the Stanley Cup. His contract was bought out by the Hurricanes during the final year of his contract on July 28, 2009. He retired from playing professional ice hockey in 2012.
Theoxena scissaria
Seymour Benzer
Seymour Benzer (October 15, 1921 – November 30, 2007) was an American physicist, biologist and geneticist. He was of Jewish descent.
His career began during the molecular biology revolution of the 1950s, and he eventually rose to prominence in the fields of molecular and behavioral genetics. He led a genetics research lab at Purdue University and at the California Institute of Technology.
Benzer made fundamental discoveries in two quite different fields of genetics. He got his PhD in solid-state physics, but soon switched to genetics after he read Erwin Schrödinger's book "What is Life?"
At Purdue University, Benzer developed the "T4 rII system", a new genetic technique. This used recombination in T4 bacteriophage rII mutants to map the inside structure of genes. Benzer realized that by generating many r mutants and recording the recombination frequency between different r strains, he could make a detailed map of the gene, much as Alfred Sturtevant had done for chromosomes.
Taking advantage of the enormous number of recombinants that could be analyzed in the rII mutant system, Benzer was eventually able to map over 2400 rII mutations. The data he collected provided the first evidence that the gene is not an indivisible entity, as previously believed, and that genes were linear. Based on his rII data, Benzer also proposed distinct classes of mutations including deletions, point mutations, missense mutations, and nonsense mutations.
Benzer was one of the first scientists in the field of behavioral genetics. As the field began to emerge in the 1960s and 70s, Benzer found himself in scientific opposition to another of the field's leading researchers, Jerry Hirsch.
Hirsch believed that behaviors were so complex they could not be explained as the action of single genes, Benzer thought behaviors might be directed by single genes. Both researchers tried their ideas out on "Drosophila". Hirsch artificially selected for behaviors of interest over many generations, while Benzer used methods to isolate mutants for a particular behavior. Benzer and Hirsch's competing philosophies developed behavioral genetics, and helped it become a legitimate area of study in the scientific community.
He was a member of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society and the French Academy of Sciences.
Prima scriptura
In Christianity, prima scriptura is the idea that canonical scripture is the most important kind of divine revelation. People who believe in this idea say that revelation that comes from scripture is more important than revelation that comes from other sources. Other sources include traditions, spiritual gifts, conscience, common sense and the views of experts. Prima scriptura suggests that there are ways of knowing or understanding God and his will that do not originate from canonized scripture. These may be helpful in interpreting that scripture, but that if they seem to contradict the scriptures, the scriptures should be used instead.
Prima scriptura is sometimes mentioned together with Sola scriptura. Sola scriptura is a view mainly held by protestants which states that only scripture is the source of divine revelation. Sola scriptura rejects scripture which is not in the Bible, while prima scriptura says that there may be such scripture.
Pseudocoremia
Tatosoma
Tatosoma is a genus of moths. It is part of the family Geometridae.
Some of the species in this genus are:
Graphania
Graphania is a genus of moths. It is part of the Noctuidae family.
The genus is made up of more than 100 species. Some of them are:
Crocin
Crocin is a chemical compound that produces a type of natural pigment. It is found in the flowers of crocus and gardenia plants. It has a deep red colour. Crocin is what is mainly responsible for the colour of saffron. It is also called saffronin or polychroite.
Crocin was used as a dye for textiles. Because it is unstable it is no longer used for that purpose..
Marple Hall School
Marple Hall School is a specialist language college in Marple, Greater Manchester, England. The headteacher is Mr. Joseph Barker. The school is on the outskirts of Greater Manchester, near the River Goyt.
Marple Hall was a manor house once owned by John Bradshaw. Born at Marple Hall, Bradshaw was first a clerk, then a lawyer. After the English Civil War he was the first to sign the death warrant of Charles I of England. The house was later owned by the Isherwood family. The ruins of the house are still near the grounds of the school. Two of the modern buildings are named for these two. In 1960 a grammar school was built on the grounds of the manor. In 1965 the school had separate schools for boy and girls. In 1974 it became Marple Hall County High School. This school is for both boys and girls.
An ethnic conflict (or ethnic war) is a conflict where different ethnic groups fight each other. It is different from a civil war, where a single nation or ethnic group is fighting among itself.
Examples of ethnic wars since the 1990s were typically caused by secessionist movements leading to the breakup of multi-ethnic states along ethnic lines: the Yugoslav Wars, the First Chechen War, the Nagorno-Karabakh War, the Rwandan Civil War and the War in Darfur, among others
Academic explanations of ethnic conflict generally fall into one of three schools of thought: primordialist, instrumentalist or constructivist. Intellectual debate has also focused around the issue of whether ethnic conflict has become more common since the end of the Cold War, and on finding ways of managing conflicts, through instruments such as consociationalism and federalisation.
Bryce Canyon National Park
Bryce Canyon National Park is a national park in southwestern Utah. Its major feature is Bryce Canyon.
Despite its name, this is not a canyon but a collection of giant natural amphitheaters along the eastern side of the Paunsaugunt Plateau. Bryce is known for its "hoodoos". The hoodoos are badlands formed by frost weathering and stream erosion of the river and lake bed sedimentary rocks.