AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Roger Enrico (November 11, 1944 – June 1, 2016) was an American businessman. He was born in Chisholm, Minnesota. He was known for being the Chairman of PepsiCo from 1996 to 2001 and Chairman of DreamWorks Animation SKG Inc from 2004 to 2012. He served on the Board of Directors of the National Geographic Society, the Environmental Defense Fund, the Solar Electric Light Fund, and the American Film Institute.
Enrico died of a heart attack while snorkeling at his private Cayman Islands home on June 1, 2016, aged 71.
Corry Brokken
Cornelia Maria "Corry" Brokken (3 December 1932 – 2 June 2016) was a Dutch singer and TV presenter. She was the winner of the Eurovision Song Contest in 1957 for her song "Net als toen". She was known for her songs "Snip en Snap", "Voorgoed voorbij" and "Heel de wereld".
She presented the Eurovision Song Contest in 1976.
After her singing career she studied law at Utrecht University in the 1970s. Afterwards she was a lawyer and later on a judge.
Brokken died on 2 June 2016 in Laren, Netherlands at the age of 83.
Yevhen Lemeshko
Yevhen Lemeshko (; 11 December 1929 – 2 June 2016) was a Ukrainian football coach. He was born in Mykolaiv. He was chairman of the Council of Veteran Footballers. He started his football career as a player for FC Dynamo Kyiv, but due to an injury he continued his football career as a coach.
In 1956 Lemeshko played couple of games for the Ukraine at the Spartakiad of the Peoples of the USSR. In 1980 he became a Merited Coach of Ukraine.
Lemeshko died on 2 June 2016 in Kiev, Ukraine from a stroke, aged 86.
Boyce F. Martin, Jr.
Boyce Ficklen Martin, Jr. (October 23, 1935 – June 1, 2016) was an American judge. He was born in Boston, Massachusetts. He was the United States Circuit Judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. He was appointed by Jimmy Carter in 1979. Martin served as Chief Judge of the circuit from 1996 to 2003. He wrote more than 1100 opinions during his 34-year career.
Martin, Jr. died at his home in Louisville, Kentucky from brain cancer on June 1, 2016, aged 80.
Andrzej Niemczyk
Andrzej Niemczyk (16 January 1944 – 2 June 2016) was a Polish volleyball player and coach. He was the coach of the Poland women's national volleyball team that competed at the 2005 Women's European Volleyball Championship. He was born in Łódź.
Niemczyk died in Warsaw, Poland from cancer on 2 June 2016, aged 72.
Tom Kibble
Sir Thomas Walter Bannerman "Tom" Kibble (23 December 1932 – 2 June 2016), was a British theoretical physicist, senior research investigator at The Blackett Laboratory, at Imperial College London, UK and Professor of Theoretical Physics at Imperial College. He was knighted in the 2014 Birthday Honours for services to physics.
His research interests were in quantum field theory (the quantum theory of elementary particles) and in the connections between high-energy particle physics and cosmology (the study of the physical universe). He is best known as one of the first to describe the Higgs mechanism (explaining how some but not all elementary particles have mass), and for his research on topological defects (roughly - points, lines or surfaces in space where there is a jump). From the 1950s he was concerned about the nuclear arms race and from 1970 took leading roles in promoting the social responsibility of the scientist.
Kibble was born in Madras, India, and was the grandson of William Bannerman, an officer in the Indian Medical Service, and the author Helen Bannerman. He was educated at Doveton Corrie School in Madras and then in Edinburgh, Scotland, at Melville College and at the University of Edinburgh. He graduated from the University of Edinburgh with a BSc in 1955, MA in 1956 and a PhD in 1958. Kibble was married to Anne Allan from 1957 until her death in 2005. They had three children.
Kibble worked on symmetry breaking (simple example - a ball at the top of a hill might roll down in any direction), phase transitions (simple example - water turning to ice as it freezes) and topological defects (roughly - points, lines or surfaces in space where there is a jump).
He is most noted for his co-discovery of the Higgs mechanism (explaining how some but not all elementary particles have mass) and prediction of the Higgs boson (a massive particle central to the Higgs mechanism) with Gerald Guralnik and C. R. Hagen (GHK). As part of Physical Review Letters 50th anniversary celebration, the journal recognized this discovery as one of the milestone papers in PRL history. For this discovery Prof. Kibble was awarded the American Physical Society's 2010 J. J. Sakurai Prize for Theoretical Particle Physics. While widely considered to have authored the most complete of the early papers on the Higgs theory, GHK were controversially not included in the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics. In 2014, Nobel Laureate Peter Higgs expressed disappointment that Kibble had not been chosen to share the Nobel Prize with François Englert and himself.
Kibble pioneered the study of the formation of topological defects in the very early times of the existence of the universe. An influential model of defect formation across a certain kind of phase transition is known as the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. His paper on cosmic strings (line defects of space on a cosmic scale) introduced the idea into modern cosmology.
He was one of the two co-chairs of a research programme funded by the European Science Foundation (ESF) on Cosmology in the Laboratory (COSLAB) which ran from 2001 to 2005. He was previously the coordinator of an ESF Network on Topological Defects in Particle Physics, Condensed Matter & Cosmology (TOPDEF). These programmes studied the analogies between topological defects in the early universe and similar structural defects in liquids and solids, which may be studied in the laboratory. (For a simple example of a network of laboratory topological defects, consider the boundaries between the many small, misaligned crystallites in a metal.)
In 1966 Kibble published a textbook, "Classical Mechanics", which is still in print (as of 2016), now in its 5th edition and co-authored with Frank Berkshire.
Kibble was a Fellow of the Royal Society (1980), of the Institute of Physics (1991), and of Imperial College London (2009). He was also a member of the American Physical Society (1958), the European Physical Society (1975) and the Academia Europaea (2000). In 2008, Kibble was named an Outstanding Referee by the American Physical Society.
In addition to the Sakurai Prize, Kibble has been awarded the Hughes Medal (1981) of the Royal Society, the Rutherford (1984) and Guthrie Medals (1993) of the Institute of Physics, the Dirac Medal (2013), the Albert Einstein Medal (2014) and the Royal Medal of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (2014). He was awarded a CBE in the 1998 Birthday Honours and was knighted in the 2014 Birthday Honours for services to physics.
In the 1950s and 1960s, Kibble became concerned about the nuclear arms race and from 1970 he took leading roles in several organisations promoting the social responsibility of the scientist. In the period 1970-1977 he was a national committee member, then treasurer, then chair of the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science; from 1976 he was a trustee of the Science and Society Trust; from 1981 to 1991 he was a national coordinating committee member, then vice-chair, then chair of Scientists against Nuclear Arms; he was a sponsor of Scientists for Global Responsibility; and from 1988 he was chair, and later a trustee, of the Martin Ryle Trust. He was chair of the organising committee of the Second International Scientists' Congress, held at Imperial College in 1988, and was a co-editor of the proceedings.
Monstercat
Monstercat (also known as Monstercat Media) is a Canadian-based independent electronic dance music (EDM) record label in Vancouver, British Columbia. Monstercat was formed in July 2011 by Mike Darlington CEO, and Ari Paunonen, COO.
The label signs artists on a non-exclusive single-track basis, allowing artists to freely move between other labels and brands. Monstercat follows a simple release schedule, where new music is released three times a week on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, in addition to an hour-long podcast that is live streamed every Tuesday on their Twitch account, known as "Call Of The Wild". Once Monstercat has released thirty tracks consecutively, a new compilation album is created containing these tracks and two continuous mixes of the album. At several points in time, Monstercat has released a track outside of their regular release schedule for various reasons.
In July 2011, Monstercat's current CEO - Mike Darlington - along with Ari Pauonen, Monstercat's current COO, created the Monstercat YouTube channel as a way for their friends to promote themselves and share music with each other. The two created compilation albums to provide artists with an easy method of releasing their music, as well as lessening the competitiveness between the artists. Monstercat's first compilation album, Launch Week, featured seven artists: Feint, Halo Nova (currently Varien / Koinu), Stephen Walking, Ephixa, Neilio, Arion and Going Quantum.
In December 2011, Monstercat signed the very notable musical group Krewella, an American electronic dance music duo (at the time, a trio) from Chicago, Illinois. "Killin' It" was Krewella's first original song released by a label. Monstercat promoted Krewella using many social media campaigns and partnered with many EDM YouTube promotional channels for a larger platform.
During the first few months of 2014, Monstercat partnered with the electric family in aid of the Humane Society of Canada. In December 2014, Monstercat launched a 24-hour digital radio station, hosted on Twitch. Monstercat continued to release compilation albums containing thirty songs and two mixes each until 2017.
Near the beginning of 2018, Monstercat announced that it would seperate into two brands: Monstercat Uncaged and Monstercat Instinct.
The following is a list of all the artists that are on Monstercat's current roster. Please note that not all artists who've released with Monstercat are necessarily supposed to be on this list.
The following is a list of artists who previously released music with Monstercat.
Acquarossa is the capital of the district of Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.
It was created on 4 April 2004 when the former municipalities of Castro, Corzoneso, Dongio, Largario, Leontica, Lottigna, Marolta, Ponto Valentino and Prugiasco merged to form the new municipality of Acquarossa.
Buchholterberg
Büetigen
Erstfeld
Flüelen
Flüelen is a municipality in the canton of Uri in Switzerland. Around 1,500 people live in Flüelen and it has an area of .
Maratha dynasty
Chhatrapathi Shivaji Maharaj was the greatest ruler of the Maratha Empire. After Shivaji's death in 1680,the Mughal ruler Aurangzeb killed Shivaji's son Shambhaji and captured Shamabaji's infant son Shahu. Aurangazeb's successors released Shahu who occupied the Maratha throne.
The Peshwa is a (Prime minister) helped him rule his empire. Gradually, Peshwa became the real ruler of Marathas and his post became hereditary.
During Shahu's reign Satara was the Maratha capital. After his death, the capital was shifted to Pune. Under the Peshwas Marathas developed a very successful military campaign. Between 1720 and 1761 the Maratha empire expanded.
After raiding Delhi on 1737 the frontiers of Maratha domination expanded into Rajasthan, Punjab, Bengaluru and Odisha. But these military campaigns also made other rulers hostile towards the Marathas and as a result they did not support Marathas in the third battle of Panipat.
Büren an der Aare
Büren an der Aare ("Bueren on the Aare", ) is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Arni, Bern
Büren zum Hof
Büren zum Hof was a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Grafenried, Limpach, Mülchi, Schalunen and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.
Remich () is a commune with city status in south-eastern Luxembourg, capital of the canton Remich.
It is called the "Pearl of the Moselle".
Remich was a Roman settlement called "Remacum". This name changed to the present nameː Remich.
On 24 February 1843, Remich was officially made a city together with Luxembourg City, Diekirch, Grevenmacher, Echternach, Wiltz and Vianden.
Remich lies on the left bank of the Moselle river, which forms part of the border between Luxembourg and Germany.
The "commune" is the smallest in Luxembourg in area. It has an area of . The altitude is high.
Remich is surrounded by three "communes" of Luxembourg: Stadtbredimus to the north, Schengen to the south and Bous to the west. To the northeast, the "commune" borders the Palzem municipality of the Germersheim district in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate; and to the southeast Perl of the Merzig-Wadern district in the German state of Saarland.
There were 3,632 persons living in the "commune" in 2017, for a population density of inhabitants/km².
Evolution of the population in Remich
Remich is twinned with:
Extreme Rules (2016)
Extreme Rules (2016) was a wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) made by WWE. The event was held on May 22, 2016. It took place at the Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey. It was the eighth annual Extreme Rules.
Eight wrestling matches take place on the event. In the most important match, Roman Reigns beat AJ Styles in a Extreme Rules match to keep his WWE World Heavyweight Championship.
The event had mixed evaluations. Critics praised the matches for the Intercontinental Championship and WWE World Heavyweight Championship. However, the rest of the show was not well received.
Copa América Centenario
The Copa América Centenario (English: Centennial Copa America) was a men's association football tournament that took place from 3 June to 26 June 2016. The tournament was made to celebrate 100 years of the Copa América. It was hosted in the United States for the first time.
Chile won the final in penalties over Argentina (which was a repeat of the 2015 Copa América Final).
The winner of the tournament will not qualify for the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup because Chile already won the 2015 Copa América.
Bruno Gruszka
Bruno Stanisław Gruszka (6 October 1881 - 4 March 1941) was a Polish representative and politician. He worked as a councilman in Radymno. He was born in Skołoszów. He died in prison in Przemyśl.
Gruszka was born in a poor family. He was the only child of Ewa Bartoszewska and Michał Gruszka. He started his education in a middle school in Jarosław. Later he went to the teacher-training college in Tarnów. He studied law at the university in Lviv and Cracow.
When he studied, he joined “The Polish People's Party” (, abbreviated to PSL).
In 1937 he was arrested and sent to prison in Lviv by peasant strike. (1937)
Bruno Gruszka took part in building-up PSL “Piast" (1913-1931). He was also a member of the Executive Board in Cracow and the District Executive Board in Jarosław. In 1922 he was the leader of the Senate committee and created the statute of the parliament.
He was the founder of the Farmers and Craftspeople’s Bank in Radymno and Przemyśl and Włościański Bank in Jarosław.
He led The Ropework Association in Radymno.
He was the chairman of the Gymnastics Association Sokół.
He was the chairman of The Agriculture Association of the Małopolska province in Lviv.
There is a street named after him. He was buried in the cemetery in Radymno.
7-Eleven
7-Eleven is an International brand of convenience stores that owns around 58,300 stores (as of January 2016) in 17 different countries.
The first 7-Eleven is in the city of Dallas. The company that owns it, Seven-Eleven Japan Co., Ltd., is in Tokyo. Seven-Eleven Japan is held by the Seven & I Holdings Co. holding company.
The company's first outlets were named "Tote'm Stores" because customers "toted" (carried) away their purchases. Some stores featured real Alaskan totem poles in front of the store. In 1946, their names were change to reflect the new hours of 7:00 am to 11:00 pm. In November 1999, the corporate name of the company was changed from The Southland Corporation to 7-Eleven Inc.
In 1927, Southland Ice Company employee John Jefferson Green began selling eggs, milk, and bread from one of 16 ice house storefronts in Dallas, with permission from one of Southland's founding directors, Joe C. Thompson, Sr. Although small grocery stores and general merchandisers were available, Thompson theorized that selling products such as bread and milk in convenience stores would reduce the need for customers to travel long distances for basic items. He eventually bought the Southland Ice Company and turned it into Southland Corporation, which made sure the stores in Dallas were doing it right.
In 1928, a Southland executive brought a totem pole as a souvenir from Alaska and placed it in front of the store. The pole served as a marketing tool for the company, as it attracted a lot of attention. Soon, executives added totem poles in front of every store and eventually adopted an Inuit-inspired theme for their stores. Later on, the stores began operating under the name "Tote'm Stores." In the same year, the company began constructing gasoline stations in some of its Dallas locations as an experiment. Joe Thompson also provided something you could only find at his store, he trained the staff so that people would receive the same quality and service in every store. Southland also started to have a uniform for its ice station service men. This became a good part in the company's success as a convenience store.
In 1931, the Great Depression affected the company, sending it toward losing all of its money. However, the company kept going through re-organization and receivership. A Dallas banker, W.W. Overton Jr., also helped to bring it back by selling the company's bonds for seven cents on the dollar. This brought the company's ownership under the control of a board of directors.
In 1946, in an effort to continue the company's post-war recovery, the name of all the stores were changed to 7-Eleven to reflect the stores' new hours of operation, which were unprecedented at the time. In 1969, 7-Eleven tried to do a 24-hour schedule in Austin, Texas, after an Austin store stayed open all night to satisfy customer demand. Later on, 24-hour stores were created in Fort Worth and Dallas, Texas, as well as Las Vegas, Nevada. In 1971, Southland acquired convenience stores of the former Pak-A-Sak chain owned by Graham Allen Penniman, Sr. (1903–1985), of Shreveport, Louisiana.
With the purchase in 1964 of 126 Speedee Mart franchised convenience stores in California, the company entered the franchise business. The company signed its first area licensing agreement in 1968 with Garb-Ko, Inc. of Saginaw, Michigan, which became the first US domestic area 7-Eleven licensee.
In the late 1980s, Southland Corporation was threatened by a rumored corporate takeover, prompting the Thompson family to take steps to convert the company into a private model by buying out public shareholders in a tender offer. In December 1987, John Philp Thompson, the chairman and CEO of 7-Eleven, completed a $5.2 billion management buyout of the company. The buyout suffered from the effects of the 1987 stock market crash and after failing initially to raise high yield debt financing, the company was required to offer a portion of stock as an inducement to invest in the company's bonds.
Various assets, such as the Chief Auto Parts chain, the ice division, and hundreds of store locations, were sold between 1987 and 1990 to pay off loans that were taken out during the buyout. This also meant that in numerous metropolitan areas losing 7-Eleven stores to other brands wanting the business as well. In October 1990, the heavily indebted Southland Corp. filed a pre-packaged Chapter 11 bankruptcy in order to transfer control of 70% of the company to Japanese affiliate Ito-Yokado.
Southland exited bankruptcy in March 1991, after a cash infusion of $430 million from Ito-Yokado and Seven-Eleven Japan. These two Japanese entities now controlled 70% of the company, with the founding Thompson family retaining 5%. In 1999, Southland Corp. changed its name to 7-Eleven, Inc., citing the divestment of operations other than 7-Eleven. Ito-Yokado formed Seven & I Holdings Co. and 7-Eleven became its subsidiary in 2005. In 2007, Seven & I Holdings announced that it would be expanding its American operations, with an additional 1,000 7-Eleven stores in the United States.
For the 2010 rankings, 7-Eleven climbed to the Number 3 spot in "Entrepreneur" Magazine's 31st Annual Franchise 500, "the first and most comprehensive ranking in the world." This was the 17th year 7-Eleven was named in the top 10.
Also in 2010, the first "green" 7-Eleven store opened in DeLand, Florida. The store features U.S. Green Building Council's (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) elements. Also, the environmentally-friendly design brings the store savings in energy costs. That same year, 7-Eleven went mobile with the launch of the iconic Slurpee drink's iPhone and Android Application (App). The Slurpee drink app made it easy to find 7-Eleven stores and provides driving directions. The following year, 7-Eleven celebrated its 40,000th store opening and within two years of that milestone opened its 50,000th store.
7-Eleven in the United States sells Slurpee drinks, a partially frozen soft drink introduced in 1967, and Big Gulp beverages, introduced in 1976. Other products include: 7-Select private-brand products, coffee, fresh-made daily sandwiches, salads and bakery items, hot and prepared foods, gasoline, dairy products, carbonated beverages and energy drinks, juices, financial services and product delivery services.
7-Eleven opened its first store in Mainland China in Shenzhen, Guangdong in 1992 and then later expanded to Beijing in 2004, Chengdu and Shanghai in 2011, Qingdao in 2012, and Chongqing in 2013. In Mainland China's 7-Eleven stores where Slurpees are offered, the Chinese name (sīlèbīng) is used. They also offer a lot of warm food, with items like steamed buns, and stores in Chengdu offer a full variety of onigiri (饭团). Beverages, candy, and other convenience items are available as well. Most of these stores are open for 24 hours a day.
7-Eleven has operated in Hong Kong since 1989 under the ownership of Dairy Farm. With most locations being in areas with many people, about 40 percent are franchised stores. In September 2004, Dairy Farm acquired Daily Stop, a convenience-store chain located mainly in the territory's MTR stations, and then changed them to 7-Eleven stores. , Hong Kong has 950 7-Eleven stores and has the second-highest density of 7-Eleven stores after Macau, with one outlet per .
In 2008, 7-Eleven said they will start more business in Indonesia through a master franchise agreement with Modern Sevel Indonesia and Media Nusantara Citra. Modern Sevel Indonesia's original plans were to open stores in Jakarta first, especially in areas where there are many other commercial or business buildings. Other major cities, such as Bandung, Semarang, and Surabaya were listed as possible locations to go into.
There are 190 7-Eleven stores in Indonesia .
Japan has more 7-Eleven locations than anywhere else in the world, where they often have the title of its current holding company "Seven & I Holdings". Of the 58,389 stores around the globe, 18,249 stores (31 percent of global stores) are in Japan, with 2,246 stores in Tokyo alone. On September 1, 2005, Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd., a new holding company, became the owner of 7-Eleven, Ito Yokado, and Denny's Japan.
7-Eleven stores in Japan look different from stores in other countries as they offer a wider (more) selection of products and services. Following the example of other convenience stores in Japan, 7-Eleven has solar panels and LEDs installed in about 1,400 of its stores.
7-Eleven entered the Macau market in 2005 under the ownership of Dairy Farm, the same group operating Hong Kong's 7-Eleven. With only 25.9 square kilometers, Macau has 45 stores, making it the single market with the highest number of 7-Eleven stores, containing one store per 0.65 square kilometers.
Malaysian 7-Eleven stores are owned by 7-Eleven Malaysia Sdn. Bhd., which now operates 1,855 stores nationwide (as of July 2015). 7-Eleven in Malaysia was incorporated on June 4, 1984, by the Berjaya Group Berhad. The first 7-Eleven store was opened in October 1984, in Jalan Bukit Bintang, Kuala Lumpur. It's popular in Sandakan and Kota Kinabalu because their prices are cheaper. In Sandakan the Slurpee beverage is popular among teen and kids.
In the Philippines, 7-Eleven is run by the Philippine Seven Corporation (PSC). Its first store, in Quezon City, opened in 1984. In 2000, President Chain Store Corporation (PCSC) of Taiwan, also a license of 7-Eleven, bought most of the shares of PSC and created a plan to have all convience stores in the area be theirs. At the end of 2015, 7-Eleven stores totaled 1,602, up 25 percent from 1,282 stores in end-2014. A total of 1,391 7-Eleven stores are in Luzon, 178 in Visayas, and 33 in Mindanao.
In Singapore, 7-Eleven forms the largest group of convenience stores island-wide. There are currently 560 7-Eleven stores all over the country. Stores in Singapore are operated by Dairy Farm International Holdings, franchised under a licensing agreement with 7-Eleven Incorporated.
The first 7-Eleven stores were opened in 1983 with a franchise license under the Jardine Matheson Group. The license was then acquired by Cold Storage Singapore, a subsidiary of the Dairy Farm Group, in 1989.
7-Eleven stores in Singapore operate 24 hours a day, with the exception of stores in Biopolis, hospitals, MRT Stations, some shopping centres, ITE College West, Singapore Polytechnic, Republic Polytechnic, and Nanyang Technological University, which have shorter operating hours.
7-Eleven can be found in the Republic of Korea convenience store market in many places, where it competes with Ministop, GS25 (formerly LG25), FamilyMart, and independent competitors. There are 7,064 7-Eleven stores in the Republic of Korea; with only Japan, the United States, and Thailand hosting more stores. The first 7-Eleven store in the Republic of Korea opened in 1989 in Songpa-gu in Seoul with a franchise license under the Lotte Group. In January 2010, Lotte Group acquired the Buy the Way convenience store chain and rebranded its 1,000 stores under the 7-Eleven brand.
In Taiwan, 7-Eleven is the largest convenience store chain and is owned by under Uni-President Enterprises Corporation. The first store opened in 1979 and the 5,000th store was opened in July 2014.
The first store opened in 1989 on Patpong Road in Bangkok. The franchise in Thailand is the CP ALL Public Company Limited, which in turn grants franchises to operators. There are 8,334 7-Eleven stores in Thailand , with approximately 50% in Bangkok. Thailand has the 2nd largest number of 7-Eleven stores after Japan .
The company plans to spend five billion Thai baht to expand its business. Two billion will be used to open 500 new outlets, one billion to make stores already around better, and the rest to develop a new center in the East.
Seven & I Holdings announced in June 2014 that they had agreed a contract with Seven Emirates Investment LLC to open the first Middle Eastern 7-Eleven in Dubai, United Arab Emirates during the summer of 2015. The company also said that they had plans to open about 100 stores in the country by the end of 2017. The first store was opened in October 2015.
The first European 7-Eleven store was opened in Stockholm, Sweden in 1978. 7-Eleven was available in Spain until 2000 with many stores inside Repsol petrol stations, as well as some other petrol-stations across the country. 7-Eleven stores are now solely in the Scandinavian region of Europe.
The owner of the master franchise for 7-Eleven in Scandinavia is Reitan Servicehandel, an arm of the Norwegian retail group, Reitan Group. After Reitangruppen bought the filling station chain, HydroTexaco (now YX Energy), in Norway and Sweden in 2006, it announced that several of the stores at the petrol stations would be rebranded as 7-Elevens and that the petrol would be supplied by Shell. Other stores remain under the YX brand.
During the 1980s, small 7-Eleven convenience stores were common in the larger towns and cities of the Southeastern UK. The company stopped trading operations in 1997, but considered starting UK trading in 2014.
The first 7-Eleven store in Denmark was opened at Østerbro in Copenhagen on September 14, 1993. There are currently 196 stores, mostly in Copenhagen, Aarhus, Aalborg, and Odense, including 8 stores at Copenhagen Central Station. In Denmark, 7-Eleven has an agreement with Shell, with a nationwide network of Shell/7-Eleven service stations, and an agreement with DSB to have 7-Eleven stores at most S-train stations.
The first 7-Eleven store in Norway was opened at Grünerløkka in Oslo on September 13, 1986. As of January 2012, there are 162 7-Eleven stores in Norway, more than 50% in Oslo. Norway has the northernmost 7-Eleven in the world, in Tromsø. On a per-capita basis, Norway has one 7–Eleven store for every 47,000 Norwegians, compared to Canada, which has one for every 74,000 Canadians.
Reitan Servicehandel Sverige has held the license in Sweden since December 1997. In the mid-1990s period, 7-Eleven in Sweden received adverse publicity due to the unfavourable labour contracts offered by its then-licensee, "Small Shops," an American-based company, resulting in many stores being sold and closed down. For a time, there were only 7-Elevens in Stockholm and Gothenburg.
7-Eleven returned to the south of Sweden in 2001, when a convenience store opened in Lund. Later in the 2000s, the Swedish 7-Eleven chain was involved in controversy when the Swedish TV channel TV3 exposed widespread fraud on the part of Reitan Servicehandel in its management of the 7-Eleven franchise, which Reitan Servicehandel eventually admitted to on its website.
7-Eleven entered the Turkish market in 1989, opening its first store on September 11. Major stakeholder of the master franchise, Özer Çiller sold his shares in 1993, after his wife Tansu Çiller became the Prime Minister. In the 2010s, 7-Eleven left the Turkish market, transferring most of its stores to franchise owners.
The first 7-Eleven store to open in Canada was in Calgary, Alberta, on June 29, 1969. There are 484 7-Eleven stores in Canada . Winnipeg, Manitoba, has the world's largest number of Slurpee consumers, with an estimated 1,500,000 Slurpees sold since the first 7-Eleven opened on March 21, 1970. All 7-Eleven locations in Canada are corporate operated. Like its U.S. counterparts, every July 11 7-Eleven stores gives Slurpees for free on "7-Eleven Day".
A limited number of 7-Eleven locations have gas stations from Shell Canada, Petro-Canada, or Esso. In November 2005, 7-Eleven started giving the Speak Out Wireless cellphone service in Canada. 7-Eleven locations also featured CIBC ATMsin June 2012, these machines were replaced with ATMs operated by Scotiabank. 7-Eleven left the Ottawa, Ontario, market in December 2009 after selling all of the six outlets to Quickie Convenience Stores, a regional chain. Following concerns over the fate of Speak Out Wireless customers, Quickie offered to assume existing SpeakOut customers and phones into its Good2Go cellphone program. 7-Eleven is similarly absent from the Quebec market due to its saturation by chains like Alimentation Couche-Tard, Boni-soir as well as independent dépanneurs.
In Mexico, the first 7-Eleven store opened in 1971 in Monterrey in association with Grupo Chapa (now Iconn) and 7-Eleven, Inc. under the name Super 7. In 1995, Super 7 was renamed to 7-Eleven, which has 1,552 stores in several areas of the country. When stores are located within classically designed buildings (such as in Centro Histórico buildings) or important landmarks, the storefront logo is displayed in monochrome with gold or silver lettering. The main competitors in Mexico are OXXO (Femsa), Super City (Soriana), Farmacias Guadalajara and other local competitors.
"Supermarket News" ranked 7-Eleven's North American operations Number 11 in the 2007 "Top 75 North American Food Retailers," based on the 2006 fiscal year estimated sales of US$15 billion. Based on the 2005 revenue, 7-Eleven is the twenty-fourth largest retailer in the United States. , 8,144 7-Eleven franchised units exist across the United States. Franchise fees range between US$10,000 – $1,000,000 and the ongoing royalty rate varies. 7-Eleven America has its headquarters in the One Arts Plaza building in Downtown Dallas, Texas. Small-size Slurpees are free on "7-Eleven Day", on July 11.
7-Eleven Stores of Oklahoma operate independently since 1953, they are under an agreement with William Brown, it is currently led by son James Brown.
In the United States, many 7-Eleven locations used to have filling stations with gasoline distributed by Citgo, which in 1983 was purchased by Southland Corporation (50% of Citgo was subsequently sold in 1986 to Petróleos de Venezuela, S.A., with the remaining 50% acquired in 1990). Although Citgo was the predominant partner of 7-Eleven, other oil companies are also co-branded with 7-Eleven, including Fina, Exxon, Gulf, Marathon, BP, Shell, Chevron (some former TETCO convenience stores were co-branded with Chevron, and Texaco prior to the 7-Eleven purchase in late 2012), and Pennzoil. Alon USA is the largest 7-Eleven licensee in North America.
On September 27, 2006, 7-Eleven announced the impending cessation of its 20-year contract with Citgo and that the contract would not be renewed.
7-Eleven signed an agreement with ExxonMobil in December 2010 for the acquisition of 183 sites in Florida. This was followed by the acquisition of 51 ExxonMobil sites in North Texas in August 2011.
Other notable 7-Eleven fuel suppliers also include Star Fuels.
The first 7-Eleven in Australia opened on August 24, 1977, in the Melbourne suburb of Oakleigh. The majority of stores are in metropolitan areas, particularly in central business district areas. Stores in suburban areas often operate as petrol stations and most are owned and operated as franchises, with a central administration. 7-Eleven bought out Mobil's remaining Australian petrol stations in 2010, converting them to 7-Eleven outlets, resulting in an immediate and unprecedented overnight major expansion of the brand.
7-Eleven stores in Australia sell a wide range of items, including daily newspapers, drinks, confectionery, and snack foods. They also sell gift cards, including three types of pre-paid VISA cards. The chain has also partnered with BankWest, placing a BankWest ATM in each of their stores nationwide. Each year on November 7, 7-Eleven promotes "7-Eleven Day" by giving away a free Slurpee to customers.
In April 2014, 7-Eleven announced plans to start operating stores in Western Australia, with 11 stores planned to operate within the first year and a total of 75 stores established within five years. The first store was opened on October 30, 2014 in the city of Fremantle.
In August 2015, Fairfax Media and the ABC's Four Corners program found out about the employment rules of certain 7-Eleven stores in Australia.
They found out that many 7-Eleven employees were being paid from A$10 to A$14 per hour without adding tax, under the minimum of A$24.69 per hour.
They did this by having pay records that "looked" like they were paying them the rate, however these records would only show half of the hours that the employee worked in a week. Employees would then be paid on the basis of these records, resulting in them effectively being paid half of how much they worked.
It was also reported that workers were often not paid things that they legally have to be paid for, for working extra, night time, weekends, and holidays.
After everyone saw these reports, some employees told Fairfax Media that they were paid high amounts, however would then be asked by the store to give half of it back.
7-Eleven said they would pay to find out about wage fraud. A separate panel led by ACCC chairman Allan Fels would investigate the fraud, with the support of professional services firm Deloitte. The inquiry will invite submissions from current and former 7-Eleven employees who allege they have been underpaid, and assess each individual claim.
In September 2015, chairman Russ Withers and chief executive Warren Wilmon both announced they will stop working at the company. Deputy chairman Michael Smith replaced Withers, while Bob Baily temporarily replaced Wilmon.
Busswil bei Büren
Busswil bei Büren was a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2011 the municipality of Busswil bei Büren merged into the municipality of Lyss.
Busswil bei Melchnau
Pepper&amp;Carrot
Pepper&Carrot is an open source webcomic series. Its author is the French artist David Revoy. The series consists of small episodes about teenage witch Pepper and her cat Carrot. The comic is translated into more than 28 different languages. The stories do not contain violence. That's because Revoy wants "Pepper&Carrot" to be accessible for everyone.
Revoy says he makes the series only with free software, such as Krita and Inkscape. You can download Krita source files for every image.
Anyone can use the images. They are available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 license. Revoy says he likes fanart and other works based on "Pepper&Carrot".
Revoy aims to draw one episode every month.
Revoy wants to change the comic book industry by removing intermediate steps in the production process. "Pepper&Carrot" is free, but Revoy lets people support him on the Patreon crowdfunding platform. You can sign up to give a small amount of money per episode that he makes. Patreon takes 5% of the money. The credit card companies take another part. This is still less than a traditional comic production, where the publisher, distributors and retailers want money.
Champoz
Champoz is a municipality in the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
It is located on the southern slope of Moron mountain.
Châtelat
Châtelat was a municipality in the administrative district Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2015 the former municipalities of Châtelat, Monible, Sornetan and Souboz merged to form the new municipality of Petit-Val.
Freddie Wadling
Berndt Arvid Freddie Wadling (August 2, 1951 – June 2, 2016) was a Swedish singer, actor and opera writer. He was born in Gothenburg. His 30-year musical career extended from punk to classical ballads.
In the 1980s and 1990s, he was vocalist of the Swedish alternative pop/rock duo Blue for Two. The duo started in Gothenburg in 1984 with him on vocals.
After Two for Blue stopped performing by the end of the 1990s, Wadling developed a solo career. He released a great number of albums, and very notably the highly acclaimed "En skiva till kaffet" (1999) and "Jag är monstret" (2005). He also recorded songs by John Dowland with the Forge Players in 1998.
Wadling died on June 2, 2016 in Västra Frölunda, Sweden at the age of 64.
Luis Salom
Luis Jaime Salom Horrach (7 August 1991 – 3 June 2016) was a Spanish Grand Prix motorcycle racer. He was born in Palma, Majorca.
Salom won his first Grand Prix in Indianapolis in 2012, beating Sandro Cortese and Maverick Viñales in a last-lap fight. He also won at Aragon. He finished the championship in second behind Cortese.
Salom died on 3 June 2016 while racing in the 2016 Catalan Moto2 Grand Prix in Barcelona after crashing against a wall, aged 24.
Göschenen
Göschenen (, ) is a village in the Swiss canton of Uri. It has an area of .
Gurtnellen
Gurtnellen is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Uri. It has an area of .
Flat lens
The WWE Raw Women's Championship is a wrestling championship in WWE competed for by women of the "Raw" brand. It was created on April 3, 2016 at WrestleMania 32 and was originally called the WWE Women's Championship. However, this title does not share the title history of the original Women's Championship. It replaced the WWE Divas Championship as the women title in WWE.
The title shared its name with the original Women's Championship. However, the new title does not share the same title history as the original. The first Women's Championship was unified with the Divas Championship in 2010. As result, they combined their lineage and history.
In the draft that took place on July 19, 2016, Charlotte was drafted to "Raw" and the title was called "WWE Raw Women's Championship".
Last updated on October 26th, 2018.
Charlotte (wrestler)
Ashley Elizabeth Fliehr (born April 5, 1986) is an American professional wrestler. She works to WWE under the ring name Charlotte Flair. Charlotte is a former NXT Women's Champion, a former WWE Raw Women's Champion, a former WWE Smackdown Women’s Champion and the last Divas Champion. Fliehr is the daughter of former professional wrestler Ric Flair.
Clavaleyres is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Corcelles, Bern
Corcelles is a municipality of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Adligenswil
Salt March
The Salt March was part of the Indian independence movement. It was a non-violent protest against the salt tax by British government. The Indians were upset that the government increased the price of salt.
Mahatma Gandhi led the march. It started on March 12, 1930. It went from sabarmati Ashram to the village of Dandi. Marchers took a handful of salt from the shore. They then announced that they had broken the law by making salt. This was a major but peaceful challenge against Britain colony. This move enraged the British and called for his arrest.
The British then came to the beach and beat Gandhi and anyone with him, but the Indians didn't fight back. They stood there, to prove their point.
St. Louis County, Minnesota
Saint Louis County (abbreviated St. Louis County) is a county located in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2010 census, the population was 200,226. Its county seat is Duluth. It is the largest county by total area in Minnesota. It is largest in the United States east of the Mississippi River.
Saint Louis County is included in the Duluth, MN-WI Metropolitan statistical area. Major industries include pulpwood production and tourism. Surface mining of high-grade iron-ore remains an important part of the economy of the Iron Range. Parts of the Bois Forte and Fond du Lac Indian reservations are in the county.
St. Louis County was created on March 3, 1855 by acts of the territorial legislature. It was named for the St. Louis River, the largest river entering Lake Superior. It is a major river flowing through the county. As of 1860 the population was only 406. By 1870 it was 4,561. According to the state census, by 1895 the population had grown to 78,575.
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of , of which is land and (8.9%) is water. By area, it is the largest county in Minnesota and the second largest in the United States east of the Mississippi River.
St. Louis County is known for its spectacular natural beauty. It includes Voyageurs National Park,Superior National Forest and the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness. It is the gateway to the North Shore of Lake Superior. St. Louis county has 1,000 lakes and hundreds of miles of rivers and trout streams.
Saint Louis County has one of the most important fresh water ports in the United States, located in Duluth on Lake Superior. The county is part of the Iron Range, which has a significant taconite mining industry. Three-fourths of the iron ore in the United States comes from this area.
Protoplast
Protoplast in modern biology, is what is left of a cell when the cell wall is dissolved. That leaves the cell's nucleus and the surrounding protoplasmic materials.
Definition: a protoplast is a plant, bacterial or fungal cell that had its cell wall completely or partially removed using either mechanical or enzymatic means.
Because cell walls are made differently in the different kingdoms, different enzymes are used to remove them.
Cell walls are made of a variety of polysaccharides. Protoplasts can be made by degrading cell walls with a mixture of the appropriate polysaccharide-degrading enzymes:
The reason for removing the cell walls is to allow many different experimental techniques to be used.
Protoplasts are widely used for DNA transformation (for making genetically modified organisms), since the cell wall would otherwise block the passage of DNA into the cell. In the case of plant cells, protoplasts can be regenerated into whole plants.
This Is What the Truth Feels Like
This Is What the Truth Feels Like is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani. It was released on March 18, 2016 by Interscope Records, and is her first solo album in ten years.
"This Is What the Truth Feels Like" has received favorable reviews from music critics.
On April 18, 2016; Stefani announced that she will tour with American rapper Eve to promote the album, the tour was mainly around America and Canada and started at Mansfield, Massachusetts on July 12, 2016.
Can't Take Me Home
Can't Take Me Home is the debut studio album by American singer Pink, released in the United States on April 4, 2000 by LaFace Records. The music on the album was "urban" and featured mainly hip hop, hip hop soul and R&B type songs, all of Pink's following albums would mainly be pop rock and R&B sounding. The UK version of the album featured the artwork in blue and two UK garage remixes on it.
"Can't Take Me Home" received mainly positive reviews from music critics.
The start menu is a part of the graphical user interfaces found in many operating systems. It is well known for its use in Microsoft Windows, where it is used to start programs, open files, change system settings, and get help if a user doesn't know how to do what they want to do.
Since Windows 95, the button used to show the start menu, called the "start button", is found at the bottom left corner of the screen, on the far left side of the taskbar. Clicking this button will make a list of menu items appear, from which the user can find a list of programs, documents or settings, search their computer for something by name (Find), enter the location of a file to open it (Run), get help on using Windows, or turn off the computer (Shut Down).
The Start menu has, for the most part, stayed more or less like this, although there were changes in later versions of Windows such as Windows XP. But for Windows 8 (and its follow-up version, Windows 8.1), Microsoft replaced the menu with a "Start screen" that covers the entire screen rather than just part of it. Here, programs and files show up as large "tiles" that can show information from the program or the contents of the file without the need to open it. For many people, this was a big change that they did not like as they were used to the older look of the Start menu, and so when Microsoft designed Windows 10, the company brought back this look while keeping the "live tiles" from Windows 8.
Diego Roberto Godín Leal (born 16 February 1986) is an Uruguayan professional footballer who currently plays as a centre-back for Serie A club Cagliari and the Uruguay national football team. He has also played for Atletico Madrid, Inter Milan, Cerro, Nacional and Villarreal.
Air Tahiti Nui is a French airline, based in the French Polynesia. It was formed in 1996. The first flight was from Papeete to Los Angeles on November 20, 1998. Later on, it started going to Tokyo, Osaka, Auckland, Paris and Sydney. As of 2016, Air Tahiti Nui goes to only 4 destinations from its hub at Fa'a'ā International Airport. The airline has a fleet of 5 Airbus A340 airplanes.