AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The second scene of the act takes place in a square in Madrid. An auto-da-fé is being prepared. During the time of the Spanish Inquisition this was a ceremony in which anyone who did not agree with the Roman Catholic church was burnt to death. Monks enter, followed by the unfortunate people who are going to be burnt. The people sing about the glories of Spain. King Philippe appears and repeats how he will fight against anyone who is an enemy of the Roman Catholic Church. Six people, including Carlos, appear and fling themselves at his feet, begging him to stop his troops from killing the Flemish people. The King will not hear of it. Some of the crowd support the king, but others are begging him to have mercy. Carlos then asks his father to allow him to rule Flanders for him. The King does not allow this, because he realizes that this could be an opportunity for Carlos and the Flemish people to rise against him. Carlos is desperate. He draws his sword and says that he will save Flanders. The crowd are terrified to see him behave like this in front of the King. The King commands his soldiers to take the sword away from Carlos, but no one obeys him. In the end, Rodrigue (who realizes that this is going to be bad for him) saves the situation by calmly asking Carlos for the sword. He hands it over and Rodrigue gives it to the King. The monks process farther, and a voice from heaven promises peace in the world to come.
The King is alone in church. In a wonderful aria he sings of his sadness that his wife does not seem to love him. The Grand Inquisitor comes in. He is very old, and blind. The King tells him about his son, and asks the Inquisitor whether Carlos should be forgiven or sentenced to death. The Inquisitor answers that it is Rodrigue who should be killed. The king dares to disagree. The Inquisitor tells the King that he is not giving his heart to God. The Inquisitor goes.
The Queen rushes in and asks the King to help her look for a casket of jewels which have disappeared from her room. The King shows her that it is on the table. He tells her she must open it. She does so. At the top is a portrait of Carlos. The King is very angry and accuses her of adultery. She faints. The King calles Eboli and Rodrigue for help. The King feels sorry for his suspicion, but Eboli feels even more sorry because it was she who had taken the casket because she was jealous of Carlos and Elisabeth. It was she who had suggested the King should look in the jewel case. Rodrigue feels he can only save his friend by offering himself to be killed instead of Carlos. The King and Rodrigue leave. Eboli throws herself at the feet of the Queen, who has now revived, and confesses that she herself is guilty of adultery because she had slept with the king. Elisabeth remains calm, but tells Eboli to go away from her for ever and to live in a nunnery. When Eboli is left alone she expresses her feelings of terribly misery. Before she goes to the nunnery she has one more thing to do: to try to save Carlos from being put to death.
The second scene of the act shows Carlos in prison. Rodrigue comes to him. He knows that Flemish letters addressed to Carlos have been found in his possession. Someone comes in and kills Rodrigue. As he dies, he tells Carlos that the Queen will wait for him the next day outside the nunnery and will see him for the last time. He dies.
Sometimes Act IV ends here, but some performances continue to show a scene in which the King tries to give the sword back to his son, but Carlos accuses him of having murdered his friend. A group of people, including Eboli, enter the prison and cry to the King to set Carlos free. The Inquisitor appears. He tells the crowd angrily that they are wicked to go against God’s will. He tells them all to go down on their knees and repent.
Elisabeth kneels before the tomb of Charles V. She sings of her lost youth in France (some of the music from Act I comes back here). She prays for peace. Elisabeth and Carlos then meet for the last time (their third duet in the opera) and wish for happier times. The King and the Inquisitor have been hiding. They now appear and grab Carlos. The guards are told to grab him, but Carlos defends himself. Suddenly the voice of Charles V (or a monk in disguise) is heard. He takes his grandson into the safety of the cloister.
Don Carlos is a great opera. It has some of Verdi’s greatest music, especially the music of Act IV scene i, in which the events of the previous acts are all brought together. There are some wonderful duets (three duets for Carlos and Elisabeth) and some great bass arias. However, the opera is very long, but it is difficult to cut any of the singing without spoiling the drama.
Some people feel that the end of the opera is weak. In Schiller’s play there is a different ending. Carlos is handed over to the Inquisition and put to death.
Don Carlos (disambiguation)
Don Carlos is an opera by Giuseppe Verdi, also known as Don Carlo.
Don Carlos or Don Carlo may also refer to:
Carlos, Prince of Asturias
Carlos, Prince of Asturias, also known as Don Carlos (8 July 1545 – 24 July 1568), was the oldest son of King Philip II of Spain. He was heir apparent to the throne. His mother was Maria Manuela of Portugal. She was the daughter of John III of Portugal.
Carlos went mad and so his father put him in prison in early 1568. Carlos died after half a year of solitary confinement. His sad fate became a theme for a play by Friedrich Schiller and an opera by Giuseppe Verdi.
Don Carlos (play)
Don Carlos () is a historical tragedy in five acts by Friedrich Schiller. It was written between 1783 and 1787. The main person in the play is Carlos, Prince of Asturias.
The play is about historical events in the 16th century under the reign of king Philip II of Spain.
The play was very different from the earlier ones that Schiller had written. It was written in iambic verse. It is a story about intrigue and misunderstanding.
In the play, Don Carlos loves his father's wife Elisabeth. The queen's lady-in-waiting Eboli loves Carlos. In the end, the Inquisition deliver a death sentence on Carlos.
Several operas have been composed on the basis of the play, including "Don Carlos" (also known as "Don Carlo") by Giuseppe Verdi.
Gloria Stuart
Gloria Frances Stewart (July 4, 1910 - September 26, 2010) also known as Gloria Stuart, was an American actress. She was one of the actors who set up the Screen Actors Guild. She became famous again when she had a part in the 1997 movie "Titanic".
The Spanish Inquisition was a tribunal started in 1478 in Spain. It was started by Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile, with the assistance of Torquemada. During the Spanish Inquisition many people were burnt in front of crowds in the streets. In practice, the Spanish Inquisition served to consolidate power in the monarchy of the newly unified Spanish kingdom, but it achieved that end through infamously brutal methods.
The rulers of Spain asked the Pope to start the Inquisition to catch Jews who pretended to be Christians. In 1492 they commanded all morisco to leave Spain. Many left, but many stayed and said they were Christians. The Inquisition became busy deciding which ones were lying. In 1502 the Muslims were also ordered out. Some parts of Spain actually enforced this order. When Protestants appeared, the Inquisition said they were just pretending to be Christians. Most trials ended with the defendant simply giving up his beliefs and being let go. The Inquisition became less active in later years and was completely abolished in 1834.
George B. McClellan
George Brinton McClellan (December 3, 1826 – October 29, 1885) was a Major general in Union army during the American Civil War. In 1861 and 1862, he was in charge of the Army of the Potomac. He led the Peninsular Campaign, an attempt to take Richmond, Virginia that didn't work. Though he won the Battle of Antietam, he did not get along with President Abraham Lincoln, who fired him. After he stopped being a general, he became a politician, and ran against Lincoln in the 1864 election. He was later Governor of New Jersey, though he was originally from Pennsylvania. He was also a prominent engineer, and was offered the job as President of the University of California.
He was seen as slow and thought all his fights through, training his soldiers very long. He was too slow acting for Abraham Lincoln's taste, who fired him several times. Mrs. Lincoln despised him greatly, therefore an influence of Mr. Lincoln's decision.
Richard Lugar
Richard Green Lugar (April 4, 1932 – April 28, 2019) was an American politician. He served as a United States Senator from Indiana from 1977 to 2013. He was on the Foreign Relations Committee. Before becoming a Senator, he was mayor of Indianapolis. Lugar ran for an eighth term in 2012, but lost the Republican primary on May 8, 2012 to Richard Mourdock.
Lugar ran for President of the United States in 1996 but lost the Republican nomination to Bob Dole.
Lugar died on April 28, 2019 in Falls Church, Virginia, from problems caused by chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. He was 87.
Jesse Helms
Jesse Helms (October 18, 1921 - July 4, 2008) was a Senator from North Carolina. He was also the longest serving senator from that state, serving five terms. He opposed school integration, the Civil Rights Act, the Voting Rights Act, interracial marriage, civil rights, feminism, gay rights, disability rights, affirmative action, tax increases, abortion, the United Nations, foreign aid, communism, and giving government money to art that had nudity in it. This gave him the nickname 'Senator No'. He and Strom Thurmond were leaders of the extreme conservatives (people who believe very strongly in right-wing beliefs). Before being a Senator, he was a writer.
He had many problems with his health, including prostate cancer and Paget's disease. He remained in poor health after retirement. He began to have failing memory and confusion. At last, he was moved to a nursing home near his home in Raleigh, North Carolina On July 4, 2008, Helms died of vascular dementia at the age of 86. He is buried in Historic Oakwood Cemetery in Raleigh, North Carolina.
Rita Mae Brown
Rita Mae Brown (born November 28, 1944) is an American writer. She is best known for her first novel "Rubyfruit Jungle". It was published in 1973 and was a story about a young lesbian woman. At the time, it was quite unusual for novels to be about lesbian themes. Brown is also a mystery writer and an Emmy-nominated screenwriter.
Brown was born in Hanover, Pennsylvania, and grew up in Florida. In 2004 she was living outside Charlottesville, Virginia.
In the 1960s, Brown went to the University of Florida but transferred. She moved to New York and went to New York University, where she got a degree in classics and English. Later she got another degree in cinematography from the New York School of Visual Arts. She also got a doctorate in political science from the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, D.C.
In the 1960s, Brown started to get involved in politics. She became active in the American Civil Rights Movement, the anti-war movement, the Gay Liberation movement and the feminist movement. She helped start the Student Homophile League and claims to have participated in the Stonewall riots in New York City, along with Martha Shelley. Ms. Shelley states that she was not in the bar with Ms. Brown at the time, and was simply passing by the riots, thinking they were an antiwar demonstration. Brown joined the new National Organization for Women, but left in February 1970 when Betty Friedan said anti-gay things and the organization tried to distance itself from lesbian organizations.
In the 1970s, she became helped start The Furies Collective, a lesbian feminist newspaper collective which said that heterosexuality was the cause of all oppression.
She has said, "I don't believe in straight or gay. I really don't. I think we're all degrees of bisexual."
Brown is openly lesbian and has had relationships with tennis player Martina Navratilova, actress-writer Fannie Flagg, socialite Judy Nelson, and politician Elaine Noble. Brown enjoys American fox hunting and is master of her Fox Hunt Club. She has also played polo, and started the women-only Blue Ridge Polo Club.
The Gobi (; ,Govi , "semidesert"; ) is in Mongolia and China. It is the largest desert in Asia, and the fifth largest in the world.
The Gobi is a rain shadow desert, caused by the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas shielding it from rain.
The desert basins of the Gobi are bounded by the Altai Mountains and the grasslands and steppes of Mongolia on the north, by the Hexi Corridor and Tibetan Plateau to the southwest, and by the North China Plain to the southeast. The Gobi is made up of several pieces of geological and geographic regions.
The Gobi is a high plateau with daily and seasonal extremes of temperature.
Diamantinasaurus
Wintonotitan
Mozilla Add-ons
Mozilla Add-ons is the official Mozilla website to store add-ons for Mozilla software. This software includes Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla Thunderbird, SeaMonkey, and Mozilla Sunbird.
These add-ons include extensions, themes, dictionaries, search bar "search engines", and plugins.
Mozilla Update (UMO, update.mozilla.org) is the oldest name of Mozilla Add-ons. AMO is a non-official name for Mozilla Add-ons today.
Add-on developers are thousands of volunteers. Not Mozilla employees. After an upload, add-ons are reviewed. If accurate, they're published.
Vladimir Vysotsky
Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky (January 25, 1938 – July 25, 1980) was an iconic Soviet-Russian singer, songwriter, poet, and actor. He was a Jewish and Russian. His career had an large and lasting effect on Russian culture.
Vladimir Vysotsky had many talents and is often described by the word "bard" ("бард"). This word had a special meaning in the Soviet Union. Vysotsky was never happy about this. He thought of himself as an actor and writer. His work was largely ignored by the official Soviet cultural establishment. He had remarkable fame during his lifetime. Today, many of Russia's popular musicians and actors try to be like him.
Vysotsky died in Moscow of a heart attack, aged 42.
Tomoaki Kuno
Tomoaki Kuno (born 25 September 1973) is a Japanese professional athlete He is best known as an football player.
232||15||21||1||20||1||273||17
Ricardo Oliveira
Ricardo José Dognella Lima de Oliveira; born 6 May 1980) is a Brazilian professional footballer. He plays as a striker for Coritiba Foot Ball Club.
(Brazil score listed first, score column indicates score after each Oliveira goal)
Atsuhiko Mori
Atsuhiko Mori (born 31 May 1972) is a former Japanese football player.
112||0||6||0||7||0||125||0
Tatsunori Arai
Tatsunori Arai (born 22 December 1983) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Shonan Bellmare.
199||56||7||2||15||3||221||61
S.L. Benfica
Sport Lisboa e Benfica, simply known as Benfica or SLB, is a professional football team from Portugal. It is based in the capital city of Portugal, Lisbon. The team plays their home games at Estádio da Luz.
Benfica has won 37 Portuguese Leagues, 29 Portuguese Cups, 7 League Cups, 8 Portuguese Supercups and 2 UEFA Champions League titles. They also reached 5 Champions League finals, 3 Europa League finals and 2 Intercontinental Cup finals. They are the most successful team in the Primeira Liga and its fanbase is the biggest in Portugal, being traditionally very popular among workclass Lisbon suburbs and around the world among the portuguese diaspora, especially in its ex-colonies.
On 27 January 2004, Benfica retired squad number 29 in memory of Miklós Fehér, who had died while playing for them two days earlier.
C.F. Os Belenenses
C.F. Os Belenenses is a football club which plays in Portugal.
Boavista F.C.
Boavista F.C. is a football club which plays in Portugal.
Tatsuya Furuhashi
"Updated 1 January 2018".
Alexsandro de Souza
Alexsandro de Souza (born 14 September 1977) is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Coritiba.
160||56||||||||||160||56
148||83||21||10||41||11||210||104
308||139||21||10||41||11||370||160
!Total||48||12
Hideki Uchidate
Hideki Uchidate (born 15 January 1974) is a former Japanese football player. He has played for Urawa Red Diamonds.
220||4||19||0||57||1||3||0||299||5
Ricardo Pereira
Ricardo Pereira (born 11 February 1976) is a football player. He plays for Real Betis Balompié.
278||1
326||1
Paolo Montero
Paolo Montero (born 3 September 1971) is a former Uruguayan football player. He has played for Uruguay national team.
300||5
369||8
!Total||61||5
Benedicto Antoninho
Benedicto Antoninho (born 10 February 1939) is a former Brazilian football player.
Steve Perryman
Steve Perryman (born 21 December 1951) is a former English football player. He has played for England national team.
723||33
Kojiro Kaimoto
Kojiro Kaimoto (born 14 October 1977) is a former Japanese football player.
131||6||2||0||22||0||155||6
Fabrizio Ravanelli
Fabrizio Ravanelli (born 11 December 1968) is a former Italian football player. He has played for Italy national team.
369||131
84||31
64||28
522||190
Giampiero Boniperti
Giampiero Boniperti (born 4 July 1928) was a former Italian football player. He has played for Juventus and Italy national team.
444||178
Aruna Dindane
Aruna Dindane (born 26 November 1980) is a Côte d'Ivoire football player. He plays for Portsmouth and Côte d'Ivoire national team.
131||50
102||27
233||77
!Total||51||16
Idriss Carlos Kameni
Idriss Carlos Kameni (born 18 February 1984) is a Cameroonian football player. He plays for Espanyol Barcelona and Cameroon national team.
158||0
161||0
Nobuki Hara
Nobuki Hara (born 6 September 1979) is a former Japanese football player.
54||2||9||3||2||0||3||0||68||5
Márcio Amoroso
Márcio Amoroso (born July 5, 1974) is a former Brazilian football player. He has played for the Brazilian national team.
95||48
129||51
59||28
29||5
321||133
Joel Santana
Biofuel
Biofuel is fuel from recently lifeless or living biological material. It is different to fossil fuels from long dead biological material. Biofuel can be in forms of solid, liquid or gas.
Biofuels are usually used to power cars, heat homes and for cooking. Biofuel companies are mainly from Europe, Asia and the Americas. Technologies developed at the Los Alamos National Lab even allows pollution to be converted into renewable biofuel. Agrofuels are biofuels that are produced from specific plants, rather than from waste processes such as landfill or recycled material.
There are two common ways to convert plants into gas and liquid fuels. One is to grow crops that are high in sugar (e.g. Sugar cane) or starch (e.g. corn), and then use yeast to ferment ethyl alcohol (ethanol). The second is to grow plants that contain high amounts of vegetable oil, such as palm oil, soybean and algae. When these oils are heated, their viscosity is reduced, and they can be burned directly in a diesel engine, or chemically processed to produce fuels such as biodiesel. For thousands of years, Wood and its by-products have been converted into biofuels such as charcoal, wood gas, methanol or ethanol fuel. It is also possible to make cellulosic ethanol from non-edible plant parts, but this can be expensive.
Solid biomass is also used. Firewood has been used for thousands of years. Many materials such as wood and grasses can be dried and pelletised and burnt, and this can be used to produce power.
Kurosaki was born in Kanuma on May 8, 1968. After graduating from Utsunomiya Gakuen High School, he joined Japan Soccer League club Honda in 1987. In 1992, he moved to J1 League club Kashima Antlers. In 1996, the club won J1 League. In 1997, the club also won J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup. In 1998, he moved to Kyoto Purple Sanga. In 2000s, he played at Vissel Kobe (2000), Albirex Niigata (2001) and Omiya Ardija (2002–03). He retired in 2003.
On May 5, 1989, Kurosaki debuted for the Japan national team against South Korea. He also played at 1990 World Cup qualification and 1990 Asian Games. In 1993, he was selected Japan for the first time in 3 years. He played 24 games and scored 4 goals for Japan until 1997.
After retirement, Kurosaki started coaching career at Kashima Antlers in 2004. He moved to Albirex Niigata in 2007 and became a manager in 2010. He was sacked in May 2012. In 2013, he signed with Omiya Ardija and became a coach. In May 2017, he was sacked with manager Hiroki Shibuya.
401||130||26||12||43||22||470||164
!Total||24||4
Michelangelo Rampulla
Michelangelo Rampulla (born 10 August 1962) is a former Italian football player.
467||1
Igor Tudor
Igor Tudor (born 16 April 1978) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Croatia national team.
66||4
149||17
215||21
Marek Jankulovski
Marek Jankulovski (born 9 May 1977) is a Czech football player. He plays for A.C. Milan and Czech Republic national team.
110||15||||||||||110||15
242||27||20||3||28||0||290||30
352||42||20||3||28||0||400||45
!Total||78||12
Tomáš Ujfaluši
Tomáš Ujfaluši (born 24 March 1978) is a Czech football player. He plays for Atlético Madrid and Czech Republic national team.
100||4
105||3
123||2
361||9
Valeri Bojinov
Valeri Bojinov (born 15 February 1986) is a Bulgarian football player. He plays for Parma and Bulgaria national team.
118||29
129||30
Robert Jarni
Robert Jarni (born 26 October 1968) is a former Croatian football player. He has played for Yugoslavia national team and Croatia national team.
128||17
90||4
168||27
391||48
Shirai was born in Fuji on June 17, 1974. After graduating from Tokai University Daiichi High School, he joined his local club Shimizu S-Pulse in 1993. However his opportunity to play increased, he could hardly play in the match in 1996. He moved to Verdy Kawasaki (1997) and Cerezo Osaka (1998). After a year's blank, he joined J2 League club Shonan Bellmare in 2000. He played for Bellmare in 6 seasons. He moved to Vegalta Sendai in 2006. Initially he played as regular player. However he lost regular position for injury in June 2006. He moved to Japan Football League club FC Ryukyu in 2008. However he could hardly play in the match for injury. He retired end of 2008 season.
In July 1996, Shirai was selected Japan U-23 national team for 1996 Summer Olympics. At this tournament, he played 2 matches. Although Japan won 2 matches, Japan lost at First round. At this time, Japan won Brazil in first game. It was known as "Miracle of Miami" () in Japan.
241||4||12||0||10||0||263||4
Harutaka Ono
Harutaka Ono (born 12 May 1978) is a former Japanese football player.
247||25||11||2||41||6||2||0||301||33
Masahiro Ohashi
141||17||14||2||26||0||11||0||192||19
20||4||0||0||2||0||colspan="2"|-||22||4
161||21||14||2||28||0||11||0||214||23
Shigenori Hagimura
Shigenori Hagimura (born 31 July 1976) is a former Japanese football player.
250||9||11||0||30||0||2||0||293||9
Masahiro Fukasawa
154||10||13||1||4||0||171||11
Jesper Grønkjær
Jesper Grønkjær (born 12 August 1977) is a Danish football player. He plays for Copenhagen and Denmark national team.
146||20
55||12
103||7
25||0
345||39
!Total||76||5
Motohiro Yoshida
Motohiro Yoshida (born 25 August 1974) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Machida Zelvia.
197||0||7||0||26||0||230||0
Daniel Agger
Daniel Agger (born 12 December 1984) is a Danish football player. He plays for Liverpool and Denmark national team.
34||5||5||0||colspan="2"|-||6||0||45||5
54||3||2||0||4||2||18||1||78||6
88||8||7||0||4||2||24||1||123||11
Iván Córdoba
Iván Córdoba (born 11 August 1976) is a Colombian football player. He plays for Internazionale Milano and Colombia national team.
114||2||||||||||114||2
57||7||||||||||57||7
275||15||32||2||86||1||393||18
446||24||32||2||86||1||564||27
!Total||71||4
Nozomi Hiroyama
Hiroyama was born in Sodegaura on May 6, 1977. After graduating from Narashino High School, he joined his local club JEF United Ichihara in 1996. He became a regular player from first season. The club won the 2nd place in the 1998 J.League Cup. In 2001, he moved to Paraguayan club Cerro Porteño. From 2002, he played for Sport Recife, Braga and Montpellier. In summer 2004, he returned to Japan and joined Tokyo Verdy. In 2005, he moved to Cerezo Osaka on loan and returned to Verdy in a year. Toward the end of his career, he played for Thespa Kusatsu (2009–2010) and Richmond Kickers (2011–2012). He retired end of 2012 season.
In June 1997, Hiroyama was selected the Japan U-20 national team for 1997 World Youth Championship. He played 4 matches as right midfielder and scored a goal against Paraguay. On October 4, 2001, Hiroyama debuted for the Japan national team against Senegal. On October 7, he also played against Nigeria. He played 2 games for Japan in 2001.
287||26||18||2||26||5||2||0||333||33
29||3||||||||||7||2||36||5
0||0||||||||||||||0||0
8||0||0||0||1||0||colspan="2"|-||9||0
7||0||||||||||||||7||0
39||0||4||1||colspan="2"|-||colspan="2"|-||43||1
370||29||22||3||27||5||9||2||428||39
Naoki Mihara
13||0||1||0||14||0
Kento Tsurumaki
Kento Tsurumaki (born 29 June 1987) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Tokyo Verdy.
23||5||1||0||0||0||24||5
Kohei Kiyama
Kohei Kiyama (born 22 February 1988) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Fagiano Okayama.
98||48||2||0||100||48
Kazunori Iio
Kazunori Iio (born 23 February 1982) is a Japanese football player. He retired in 2018.
177||18||11||2||20||1||2||0||210||21
Yugo Ichiyanagi
Yugo Ichiyanagi (born 2 April 1985) is a Japanese football player. He plays for Vegalta Sendai.
76||3||7||0||0||0||83||3
Hasegawa was born in Uji on February 11, 1969. After graduating from Osaka University of Economics, he joined Japan Soccer League club Honda in 1991. In 1992, he moved to J1 League club Kashima Antlers. He mainly played as regular player in 1990s. In 2000, the club won all three major title in Japan; J1 League, J.League Cup and Emperor's Cup first time in J1 League history. The club won the champions J1 League 4 times, J.League Cup 3 times and Emperor's Cup 2 times. He retired in July 2003.
On 15 February 1995, Hasegawa debuted for the Japan national team against Australia. He was also selected Japan in 1996. He played 6 games for Japan until 1996.
283||92||27||8||69||23||1||0||380||123
Trevor Kell
Trevor Kell (born June 23, 1986 in Thunder Bay, Ontario), is a Canadian professional ice hockey player who was drafted 131st by the Chicago Blackhawks in the 2004 NHL Entry Draft.
Malcolm MacMillan
Malcolm MacMillan (born February 8, 1982 in Thunder Bay, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently playing for the Utah Grizzlies of the East Coast Hockey League.
MacMillan spent four seasons in the Ontario Hockey League with three different teams and turned pro in 2003. He played in the ECHL and split the 2003-04 season with the Peoria Rivermen, Cincinnati Cyclones and the Florence Pride. After spending 2004-05 in the United Hockey League with the Port Huron Beacons, MacMillan returned to the ECHL with the Reading Royals. He also had short spells in the American Hockey League with the Hershey Bears and the Albany River Rats. In 2008, MacMillian moved to the United Kingdom, signing with the Belfast Giants scoring 36 points in 47 games.
On August 26, 2009, MacMillan returned to North America to sign a one-year deal with the Toledo Walleye of the ECHL.
Bobby Bolt
Maleficium (sorcery)
Komodo (island)
Komodo is one of the 17,508 islands in the Republic of Indonesia. The island has a surface area of 390 km² and over 2000 people live there. The people on Komodo are descendants of former convicts. They were sent away to the island and mixed with the Bugis from Sulawesi. Most people are Muslim, but there are also smaller groups of Christians and Hindus.
Komodo is part of the Lesser Sunda chain of islands. It is part of the Komodo National Park. The Komodo dragon is especially famous here. Also, the island is a popular place for Scuba diving. It is part of the East Nusa Tenggara province.
Komodo is between two much larger islands. Sumbawa is on the west side and Flores is on the east.
Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 – June 15, 1996), was an American jazz singer. She was called "Lady Ella", the "Queen of Jazz", and the "First Lady of Song".
Her voice spanned three octaves. She could sing very high notes and very low notes. She was famous for her scat singing. She won 14 Grammy Awards. She was awarded the National Medal of Art and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Ella Fitzgerald was born in 1917 in Newport News, Virginia, United States to William and Temperance "Tempie" Fitzgerald. Soon after Ella was born, her parents separated. She went to live in Yonkers, New York with her mother and her mother's boyfriend, Joseph Da Silva. In 1923, Fitzgerald's half-sister, Frances Da Silva, was born. When she was a child, Fitzgerald lived in the Colored Orphan Asylum in Riverdale, the Bronx.
As a youngster, Fitzgerald wanted to be a dancer. She loved listening to jazz music by Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby and The Boswell Sisters. She especially liked the lead singer Connee Boswell, later saying, "My mother brought home one of her records, and I fell in love with it...I tried so hard to sound just like her."
In 1932, Fitzgerald's mother died. Ella began doing badly at school. At one time, she had a job as a lookout at a brothel and a job with some people with Mafia connections. She got into trouble with the police, and was sent to a reform school. She escaped from the reformatory, and for a time was homeless.
Fitzgerald had her first job as a singer when she was 17 on November 21, 1934 at the Harlem Opera House in Harlem, New York. She was able to compete in one of its famous "Amateur Nights". At first she was going to go on stage and dance but, intimidated by some local dancers, she decided to sing instead. She won the first prize of US$25 singing Connee Boswell's "Judy" and "The Object of My Affection".
In January 1935, Fitzgerald won the chance to perform for a week with the Tiny Bradshaw band at the Harlem Opera House. She met a drummer and bandleader called Chick Webb here. Webb had already hired a singer called Charlie Linton to work with the band. According to "The New York Times", Webb was "reluctant to sign her...because she was gawky and unkempt, a "diamond in the rough."" Webb let her try singing with his band when they played a dance at Yale University.
Fitzgerald began singing often with Webb's Orchestra during 1935, at Harlem's Savoy Ballroom. She recorded several hit songs with them, including "Love and Kisses" and "(If You Can't Sing It) You'll Have to Swing It (Mr. Paganini)". In 1938 she co-wrote and sang a version of the nursery rhyme, "A-Tisket, A-Tasket". After this, she started getting famous.
Chick Webb died on June 16, 1939, and his band was renamed "Ella Fitzgerald and her Famous Orchestra". Fitzgerald became the bandleader. She recorded nearly 150 sides during her time with the orchestra.
In 1942, Fitzgerald left the band and began to work as a solo singer. She was signed to the Decca label, and she had several popular hit songs. She recording with other musicians like the Ink Spots, Louis Jordan, and the Delta Rhythm Boys.
Decca's Milt Gabler became her manager and she began working often for the jazz producer Norman Granz. She often sang in his Jazz at the Philharmonic concerts. Then, Granz became her manager, but he did not record her on any of his record labels for nearly a decade.
In the mid-1940s, after the swing era, and the end of the great touring big bands, jazz music became quite different. A new kind of jazz called bebop became popular and Fitzgerald changed her style of singing. She worked with Dizzy Gillespie's big band and started including scat singing as a big part of her performances. About singing with Gillespie, Fitzgerald said, "I just tried to do [with my voice] what I heard the horns in the band doing."
Her 1945 scat recording of "Flying Home" was later described by "The New York Times" as "one of the most influential vocal jazz records of the decade...Where other singers, most notably Louis Armstrong, had tried similar improvisation, no one before Miss Fitzgerald employed the technique with such dazzling inventiveness." Her be-bop recording of "Oh, Lady be Good!" (1947) was also very popular, and made people think of her as one of the most important jazz singers.
Granz did not like some of the music Fitzgerald was given at this time, so during her last years on the Decca label she recorded some duets with pianist Ellis Larkins, released in 1950 as "Ella Sings Gershwin".
In 1955, Fitzgerald left Decca, and joined Granz's new record label, Verve Records. She said later, "I had gotten to the point where I was only singing bebop. I thought bebop was 'it', and that all I had to do was go some place and sing bop. But it finally got to the point where I had no place to sing. I realized then that there was more to music than bop. Norman...felt that I should do other things, so he produced "The Cole Porter Songbook" with me. It was a turning point in my life."
A new album, "Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Cole Porter Songbook", was released in 1956. It was the first of eight multi-album "Songbook" sets that she would record for Verve between 1956 and 1964. Many of the songs were standards and Fitzgerald tried to cross over into a non-jazz audience.
"Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Duke Ellington Songbook" was the only "Songbook" on which the composer of the songs also played with her. Duke Ellington and Billy Strayhorn, who had worked together for a long time, both played on half the set's 38 tracks, and wrote two new pieces of music for the album: "The E and D Blues", and a musical piece about Fitzgerald (the only "Songbook" track that Fitzgerald does not sing on).
The "Songbook" series became the Fitzgerald's most critically acclaimed and popular work. "The New York Times" wrote in 1996, "These albums were among the first pop records to devote such serious attention to individual songwriters, and they were instrumental in establishing the pop album as a vehicle for serious musical exploration."
Ella Fitzgerald also recorded albums of the songs of Cole Porter and George Gershwin in 1972 and 1983. The albums were called "Ella Loves Cole" and "Nice Work If You Can Get It". A later album of songs by a single composer was released when she was with Pablo Records, "Ella Abraça Jobim", with songs by Antonio Carlos Jobim.
While she was recording the "Songbooks" and the occasional studio album, Fitzgerald toured 40 to 45 weeks per year in the United States and internationally, with Norman Granz. Granz helped her to become one of the most important live jazz performers.
In the mid-1950s, Fitzgerald became the first African-American to perform at the Mocambo (a Hollywood nightclub), after Marilyn Monroe had persuaded the owner to make the booking. This was very important in Fitzgerald's career. The event was turned into a play by Bonnie Greer which is to receive a production in London's West End from November 2009.
Some live albums on Verve that she recorded are well thought of by critics: "Ella at the Opera House", "" and "".
In later life, Fitzgerald kept a busy concert schedule, but her health worsened. She had heart surgery in 1986. She had diabetes, which accounted for her failing eyesight. Her diabetes worsened, and both legs were cut off (amputated) below the knees. She never completely recovered. She was unable to perform often. She spent time with family. Fitzgerald died in her Beverly Hills, California home on June 15, 1996 from a stroke. She was interred in the Sunset Mission Mausoleum at Inglewood Park Cemetery in Inglewood, California.
By the 1990s, Fitzgerald had recorded more than 200 songs. In 1991, she gave her final concert at Carnegie Hall. She had performed there 26 times. She received numerous awards. In 1979, she received Kennedy Center Honors. In 1987, she received the National Medal of Arts. She received the Presidential Medal of Freedom. France presented her with the Commander of Arts and Letters award. Yale University, Dartmouth, and other schools awarded her honorary doctorates. Several of Fitzgerald's awards, significant personal possessions, and documents were given to the Smithsonian Institution, the library of Boston University, the Library of Congress, and the Schoenberg Library at UCLA.
In 1941, Fitzgerald married Benny Kornegay, a convicted drug dealer. The marriage was annulled after two years. In December 1947, she married double bass player Ray Brown. They adopted a child of Fitzgerald's half-sister, Frances. They named him Ray Brown, Jr.. Fitzgerald and Brown divorced in 1953.
In July 1957, Reuters reported that Fitzgerald had secretly married Thor Einar Larsen, a young Norwegian, in Oslo. The affair was quickly forgotten when Larsen was sentenced to five months hard labor in Sweden for stealing money from a young woman.
Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan; April 7, 1915 – July 17, 1959) was an American jazz singer and songwriter. She was also called "Lady Day", a nickname that her friend and musical partner Lester Young gave her. Holiday was a very important influence on jazz and pop singing. The way that she sang was similar to the way jazz musicians played their instruments. She was admired for her very personal and intimate way of singing. Critic John Bush wrote that she "changed the art of American pop vocals forever."
She co-wrote some songs which have become jazz standards, like "God Bless the Child", "Don't Explain", and "Lady Sings the Blues". She also became famous for singing jazz standards written by other people, like "Easy Living" and "Strange Fruit".
Holiday was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1915, a Roman Catholic. She had a difficult childhood, which affected her life and career. Not much is known about her early life, but there are stories about it in her autobiography, "Lady Sings the Blues", which was published in 1956. Later, it was found out that some parts of this book were wrong.
Holiday got her pseudonym, or stage name, from Billie Dove, an actress she admired, and Clarence Holiday, the man who was probably her father. At the beginning of her career, she spelled her last name "Halliday", but then changed it back to "Holiday" (they are pronounced the same, 'Hahliday', in American English).
People have never been sure who Holiday's father was. This is because her birth certificate said her father was called Frank DeViese. Some people now think that this was a mistake that somebody made when she was born.
Holiday's mother was called Sadie Fagan. Fagan became pregnant when she was 13 years old. Her parents threw her out of her home in Baltimore, and she went to Philadelphia where her daughter Eleanora (Billie Holiday) was born. Fagan moved back to Baltimore and married Clarence Holiday, who was probably her baby's father, but they later divorced. When she was 10 years old, Holiday often missed school. When she said that she had been raped, she was sent to The House of the Good Shepherd, a Catholic reform school. She was allowed out two years later, with the help of a family friend. Holiday moved to New York City with her mother in 1928. In 1929 Holiday's mother saw a neighbor, Wilbert Rich, raping Holiday. Rich was sentenced to three months in jail. But after her incident as a rape victim she was still constantly raped by drunk men in her neighborhood. She almost got pregnant by a drunk man walking down their street.
Holiday later said that in 1930 she worked as a prostitute in a brothel, and was imprisoned for a short time for solicitation (prostitution). In the 1930s in Harlem, New York City, she started singing for tips in night clubs, and got a job at Pod's and Jerry's, a famous Harlem jazz club. In 1933 she was working at a club called Monette's. She was discovered by a talent scout called John Hammond.
Hammond helped Holiday to record her first songs in November 1933 with Benny Goodman: "Your Mother's Son-In-Law" and "Riffin' the Scotch". In 1935 she recorded more songs with a group led by pianist Teddy Wilson. They recorded "What a Little Moonlight Can Do" and "Miss Brown To You".
Teddy Wilson was signed to Brunswick Records by John Hammond to record pop songs in the new 'swing' style for jukeboxes. They were allowed to improvise the music. Holiday was very good at improvising the melody line to fit the emotions.
Holiday also wrote songs during the 1930s, like "Billie's Blues", "Tell Me More (And Then Some)", "Everything Happens For The Best", "Our Love Is Different", and "Long Gone Blues".
A tenor saxophonist called Lester Young often accompanied Holiday. He had been a boarder at her mother's house in 1934 and she got on well with him. Young gave her a nickname, "Lady Day" and she called him "Prez." She spent three months working at Clark Monroe's Uptown House in New York in 1937. In the late 1930s, she also worked as a big band singer with Count Basie and Artie Shaw. She was one of the first black women to work with a white orchestra (Artie Shaw's).
In the 1930s, Holiday was recording for Columbia Records. She heard of a song called "Strange Fruit". It was based on a poem about lynching written by Abel Meeropol, a Jewish schoolteacher from the Bronx. The poem had been set to music and was performed at teachers' union meetings. It was heard by a night club owner called Barney Josephson and he told Holiday about it. She sang the song at Josephson's club in 1939. At first she was worried that it might make people angry. She later said that the song reminded her of her father's death, and that this was partly why she did not want to perform it at first. In a 1958 interview, she also said that many people did not understand what the song meant: "They'll ask me to sing that sexy song about the people swinging", she said.
The music producers at Columbia Records thought that subject of the song (the lynching of black people) might upset people. A music producer called Milt Gabler said that Holiday could record it for his label called Commodore Records. That was done in April 1939 and Holiday sang "Strange Fruit" over the next twenty years. The song did not get played on the radio but still sold well. Gabler said that this was because the other side of the record was "Fine and Mellow", which was a jukebox hit. Later, she recorded "Strange Fruit" again for Verve.
In 1944, Holiday went to work, still with Milt Gabler, at Decca Records. She was 29 years old. Her first songs for Decca were called "Lover Man" and "No More". "Lover Man" was a song written for her. It is about a woman who has never known love, and it became one of her biggest hits.
In November 1944, Holiday recorded three songs, "That Ole Devil Called Love", "Big Stuff", and "Don't Explain". Holiday wrote "Don't Explain" after she caught her husband, Jimmy Monroe, with lipstick on his collar. After that, Holiday didn't record any songs until August 1945. She recorded, "Don't Explain", "Big Stuff", "You Better Go Now", and "What is This Thing Called Love?". In 1946, she recorded songs called "No Good Man" and "Good Morning Heartache", "The Blues Are Brewin", and "Guilty". In February 1947, Holiday recorded two hits, "There Is No Greater Love" and "Deep Song". She also recorded "Solitude" and "Easy Living", songs that she had recorded with Teddy Wilson in the 1930s.
Holiday's next recording was after she came out of prison in 1948. She recorded this time with a vocal group called the Stardusters. She recorded "Weep No More" and "Girls Were Made to Take Care of Boys". She was worried that people wouldn't like the recordings and recorded two more songs without the group, "My Man" and Gershwin's "I Loves You Porgy". These became very popular.
The next year, Billie had more hits. She sang a version of Bessie Smith's, song "T'Ain't Nobody's Business if I Do", "Gimme A Pigfoot (And A Bottle of Beer)", "Do Your Duty", and "Keeps on Rainin'", to her lush "You're My Thrill" and "Crazy He Calls Me". She also recorded a song that she wrote called "Somebody's On My Mind".
In her last recording in 1950, she recorded two songs. Both of them were backed by strings, horns, and a choir. She recorded her own "God Bless the Child" and "This is Heaven to Me".
In 1947, Holiday was in a film with Louis Armstrong called "New Orleans". The musical drama film featured Holiday singing with Armstrong and his band and was directed by Arthur Lubin. Holiday was not pleased that she had to play a maid. In her autobiography she said:
"I thought I was going to play myself in it. I thought I was going to be Billie Holiday doing a couple of songs in a nightclub setting and that would be that. I should have known better. When I saw the script, I did. You just tell one Negro girl who's made movies who didn't play a maid or a whore. I don't know any. I found out I was going to do a little singing, but I was still playing the part of a maid."
Holiday was also in the 1950 Universal-International short film "'Sugar Chile' Robinson, Billie Holiday, Count Basie and His Sextet", where she sang "God Bless the Child" and "Now, Baby or Never".
On May 16, 1947, Holiday was arrested for the possession of narcotics and drugs in her New York apartment. On May 27, 1947, she had to go to court. Holiday pleaded guilty (admitted that she had the drugs) and was sentenced to Alderson Federal Prison Camp in West Virginia. Holiday said she never "sang a note" at Alderson even though people wanted her to. She was released early (March 16, 1948) because of her good behavior. When she arrived at Newark, everybody was there to welcome her back, including her pianist Bobby Tucker.
Her manager Ed Fishman thought of the idea to have a comeback concert at Carnegie Hall. Holiday was worried at first because she thought that nobody would want her back, but she decided do it. On March 27, 1948, the Carnegie concert was very successful. She did sang songs like Cole Porter's "Night and Day" and "Strange Fruit". The concert was not recorded.
Holiday was arrested again on January 22, 1949, at a hotel in San Francisco.
Holiday said that she began using hard drugs in the early 1940s. She had married trombonist Jimmy Monroe on August 25, 1941. When she was still married to Monroe, she started a romantic relationship with trumpeter Joe Guy, who was also her drug dealer. She lived with him as his wife (called a common law wife) and divorced Monroe in 1947. She also separated from Guy. After of she was arrested and convicted for possessing drugs in 1947, she was not allowed to work in clubs in New York for the rest of her life. The only time she was able to was when she sang at the Ebony Club in 1948, where she had the permission of John Levy.
In the 1950s, Holiday's health became bad, because of her drinking alcohol, using drugs and her relationships with abusive men. Her voice became rough, but some people say that her singing became more emotional.
On March 28, 1952, Holiday married Louis McKay, a man who worked for the Mafia. McKay, like most of the men in her life, was abusive, but he did try to get her to stop using drugs. They later separated.
On November 10, 1956, she performed two concerts before big audiences at Carnegie Hall.
Holiday went on tour Europe for the first time in 1954 with Buddy DeFranco and Red Norvo. When she went back to Europe, almost five years later, she went on television for Granada's "Chelsea at Nine", in London. This was one of the last times she was on television. Her last studio recordings were made for MGM in 1959, with Ray Ellis and his Orchestra, who had also accompanied her on Columbia's "Lady in Satin" album
in 1958. The MGM recordings were released after Holiday's death on an album called "Last Recordings".
Holiday's autobiography, "Lady Sings the Blues", was published in 1956. It was ghostwritten by William Dufty, a "New York Post" writer and editor who was married to Holiday's close friend Maely Dufty. He wrote the book quickly after talking to Holiday in his apartment, as well as using earlier interviewers. His wanted to let Holiday tell her story her way.
Holiday never had any children of her own, but had two godchildren: singer Billie Lorraine Feather, daughter of Leonard Feather, and Bevan Dufty, son of William Dufty.
On May 31, 1959, Holiday was taken to the Metropolitan Hospital in New York. She had liver and heart disease. Police officers were at the door to her room. She was arrested for drug possession as she lay dying and her hospital room was raided by the police. They kept guarding her at the hospital until she died from cirrhosis of the liver on July 17, 1959. In the last years of her life, she had gradually lost her earnings, and she died with $0.70 in the bank and $750 in cash.
Grafite
Edinaldo Batista Libânio (born 2 April 1979) known by the name Grafite, is a Brazilian football player. He plays for Wolfsburg and Brazil national team.