AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Governor Phillip wanted to establish friendly relationships with the Eora peoples and commanded the convicts and marines to treat them well. It wasn’t long before clashes broke out between the two groups. Both the Eora and the European settlers were responsible for attacks. People on both sides were killed.
Fighting with European settlers, the introduction of new diseases like smallpox, and the destruction of their natural food sources saw about 90 per cent of the Eora people die out between 1788 and 1900.
Many Eora peoples moved away from the Sydney region to escape from European settlers and the diseases that were spreading in the area such as smallpox. Some who stayed adopted European customs like wearing clothes, smoking pipes of tobacco and drinking alcohol. They gave up their traditional ways of life and depended on settlers to give them food.
Bennelong, a Wangal of the Eora peoples, served as a link between the British colony at Sydney and the Eora people in the early days of the colony. He was given a brick hut on what became known as Bennelong Point where the Sydney Opera House now stands. He traveled to England in 1792 along with Yemmerrawanne and returned to Sydney in 1795. His wife, Barangaroo, was an important Cammeraygal woman from Sydney's early history who was a powerful and colourful figure in the colonisation of Australia. She is commemorated in the naming of the suburb of Barangaroo, in east Darling Harbour.
2016 shooting of Dallas police officers
The 2016 shooting of Dallas police officers was an incident in which five police officers were killed by a man with a gun in Dallas, Texas. Six other officers and a civilian were also injured.
Earlier in the week, two black men were killed by police: one in Louisiana, another in Minnesota. In Dallas on July 7, people protested against police brutality. The protest was not violent. But just before 9 p.m. (Central time) while the protest was ending, Micah Xavier Johnson began shooting police officers. A suspicious package was found near the area.
President Barack Obama spoke against the attacks, saying the shootings were a "vicious, calculated, despicable attack" and a "tremendous tragedy."
Thrift Shop (song)
"Thrift shop" is a song by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis. It was released on August 27, 2012. This song is Macklemore's eighth career single and the fourth single from their album "The Heist". The song has vocals from Wanz. The song was written to show Macklemore's esteem for thrift shops and saving money. The lyrics go against the displaying of expensive items many rappers do. Music reviewers liked the song for its funny lyrics and social critique. It was released in the United Kingdom in January 2013.
The song received extensive critical recognition. It has been called a critique of the advertising common in modern hip hop. However, "The New York Times" critic Jon Caramanica says, "it's not quite the robust sendup of hip-hop-extravagance clichés that it aspires to be." Robert Copsey from Digital Spy rated the song 5 out of 5 stars, calling it "a rare beast of a song - original, musically daring and genuinely funny."
In the United States, the song got onto the "Billboard" Hot 100 on September 15, 2012. It dropped out the next week but entered again six weeks later on October 20, 2012. The song then rose the chart until it entered the top ten on January 5, 2013. It replaced Bruno Mars' "Locked Out of Heaven" at number one in its 16th week. It remained at the top for six weeks in total. It has also topped the Rap Songs chart for fifteen weeks. It's the first song in the history of the Digital Songs chart to jump in sales in each of its first five weeks at the top of the chart. "Thrift Shop" sold 6,148,000 copies in 2013. This made it the second best-selling single of 2013 in the US after Robin Thicke's "Blurred Lines". As of November 2015, the song has sold 7,740,000 downloads in the United States. This makes it the fifth all-time best-selling digital single in the country.
The song was also successful on "Billboard"'s component charts. It was at the top of the Digital Songs chart for ten weeks. It was also at the top of "Billboard"'s Radio Songschart for two weeks. It reached number one on the On-Demand Songs chart and stayed there for eleven weeks until March 30, 2013. It set a record on that chart as the first song to reach two million streams in a single week. The song also topped the R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart for fourteen weeks straight. It is also only the second independent song to get the number one spot on the "Billboard" Hot 100 chart, nearly 20 years after Lisa Loeb's "Stay (I Missed You)" in 1994.
In the United Kingdom, "Thrift Shop" entered at number twenty four on the UK Singles Chart. However, it was available as a single via iTunes since August 1, 2012. The next week, the single rose twenty-two positions to number two. Two weeks after entering the chart, the song rose one place to a peak of number one on February 10, 2013. This made Macklemore and Ryan Lewis only the second act to get a number one in Britain with a self-released single. As of July 2013, "Thrift Shop" has sold 680,000 copies in the UK.
The music video for the song was co-directed by Jon Jon Augustavo, Macklemore and Ryan Lewis. It was released on Lewis' YouTube channel on August 29, 2012. It was filmed at several thrift shops in Seattle. Macklemore tried to get rapper Sir Mix-a-Lot in the video but he did not return the calls. Some local Seattle musicians like Thomas Grey of Champagne Champagne are in the music video. The video was nominated at the 2013 MTV Video Music Awards for Video of the Year.
Mont-Tramelan
Mont-Tramelan is a municipality in the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Moosseedorf
Moosseedorf is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. The village is located south of Moossee, the lake that gives it its name.
Mörigen
Mörigen is a municipality of the administrative district of Biel/Bienne in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
It is located on the southern shore of Lake Biel.
Javed Akhtar (cricketer)
Javed Akhtar (21 November 1940 – 8 July 2016) was a Pakistani cricketer. He played in one Test in 1962. He was an off spinner. He had success at first-class level, taking his wickets at an average of 18.17, but struggled in his only Test, failing to take a wicket. He played for the Pakistan national cricket team.
He later became an umpire, standing in 18 Tests and 40 ODIs from 1980 to 1999.
John O'Rourke (footballer)
John O'Rourke (11 February 1945 – 7 July 2016) was a former professional English footballer. His position was Centre Forward.
During his career, he played for Ipswich Town F.C., Middlesbrough F.C., Coventry City F.C., Luton Town F.C., Queens Park Rangers and A.F.C. Bournemouth.
Rahul Dravid
Rahul Dravid is a sports player who has stopped playing professionally. He used to play cricket and was captain of the national cricket team of India. He was famous, and many people think he is one of the best cricket players ever. He scored the fourth-moust runs of any player, after Sachin Tendulkar, Ricky Ponting and Jacques Kallis. He was born in January 11, 1973 in Indore, Madhya Pradesh in India. He is the only player in the world to score a century against all ten test playing countries.
Rahul Sharad Dravid played his first debut match against the team from England. He played against Sri Lanka in his ODI debut match. He played only a one international T20 match, against England.
Dravid played 164 Test cricket matches and 344 ODI matches. Rahul Dravid scored 13,288 runs in Test cricket and 10,899 runs in ODIs. He picked up 4 wickets in ODIs and 1 wicket in Test cricket. Rahul Dravid made 36 centuries and 63 fifties in Test matches and 12 centuries and 83 fifties in ODIs.
Rahul Dravid is one of the best wicket keepers of his time. His performances in wicket keeping are as follows: Catches\Stumpings in Test Cricket: 210\0, ODIs: 196\14.
His best batting score in a single inning of the Test match is 270 runs. His best batting score in ODI is 153. His best bowling performances are Test cricket-1/18, One day International-2/43.
In the Indian Premier League he played on the Royal Challengers Bangalore and Rajasthan Royals teams. In other types of cricket he played for Karnataka, Kent, Scottish Saltiers and the Marylebone Cricket Club.
Bühl
Mötschwil
Mötschwil is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Moutier
Moutier is a town of the administrative district of Jura bernois in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Altenhohenau
Altenhohenau was a Dominican convent in Bavaria, Germany. It is in the municipality of Griesstätt, near Wasserburg on the Inn river.
Dominican nuns from Nürnberg started the community in 1235. Count Konrad von Wasserburg and his wife, Kunigunde were the founders.
In 1465, the community accepted reform. The reform started in the Schönensteinback convent in Alsace. Ten nuns from Schönensteinback went to St. Catherine's convent in Nuremberg. Before the reform, the library at St. Catherine's had 45 books. After the reform it had 500-600 books. The nuns at St. Catherine's helped other convents with their libraries. The convents needed books for the new prayers and rules of the reform. They helped St. Catherine's convent in St. Gall to copy books. They gave many books to the convents at Fraenaurach and Altenhohenau.
Mühleberg
Mühleberg is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Allenlüften, Aumatt, Brand, Buch bei Mühleberg, Buttenried, Dällenbach, Eggenberg, Fluh, Fuchsenried, Gäu, Grossmühleberg, Gümmenau, Gümmenen, Haselholz, Heggidorn, Juchlishaus, Kirchmoos, Ledi, Mädersforst, Marfeldingen, Mauss, Michelsforst, Mühleberg, Niederruntigen, Oberei bei Mühleberg, Rosshäusern, Rüplisried, Rüplisried-Mauss, Salzweid, Schnurrenmühle, Spengelried, Strassacker, Trüllern and Zihlacker.
Arrondissement of Brive-la-Gaillarde
The arrondissement of Brive-la-Gaillarde is an arrondissement of France, in the Corrèze department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Brive-la-Gaillarde (or "Brive" for short).
When the Corrèze department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Brive-la-Gaillarde was part of that original department.
It is the southernmost of the "arrondissements" of the department with an area of . It has 130,034 inhabitants (2014) and a density of inhabitants/km².
The "arrondissement" of Brive-la-Gaillarde is in the southeastern part of department and is bordered to the north by the Haute-Vienne department, to the northeast and east by the "arrondissement" of Tulle, to the south by the Lot department and to the west by the Dordogne department.
In the "arrondissement" of Brive-la-Gaillarde, only two cantons do not have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement": (Midi corrézien and Uzerche). The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":
The "arrondissement" of Brive-la-Gaillarde has 97 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Mühledorf, Bern
Mühledorf is a former municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2018 the former municipalities of Gelterfingen, Mühledorf and Noflen merged into the municipality of Kirchdorf.
Mühlethurnen
Mühlethurnen is a former municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020 the former municipalities of Kirchenthurnen, Lohnstorf and Mühlethurnen merged to form the new municipality of Thurnen.
Carmelo Borg Pisani
Carmelo Borg Pisani (August 10, 1915–November 28, 1942) was a Maltese artist who considered himself to be Italian. Politically he was a Pro-Italian fascist. He was born in Senglea (Malta) and executed at "Corradino" prison in Malta for fighting for the Axis Powers as an Italian soldier.
The Italian government considers him an "Italian citizen", having received the highest Italian military medal (the ""Medaglia d'oro al Valor Militare alla memoria"") from the King of Italy Victor Emmanuel III.
Carmelo Borg Pisani is the only Maltese decorated with the Italian "Gold Medal of military honor". He is also the only man -not born inside a territory that has been officially part of the Kingdom of Italy- to have received this honor.
Born into a very well respected Catholic and Nationalist Maltese family, Pisani enrolled as a student at the "Umberto Primo art lyceum", where he won a scholarship to study in Rome. In Italy he showed support for fascism and Italian irredentism.
When war was declared on June 10, 1940, Pisani (who had just requested the Italian citizenship) was still attending the "Accademia di Belle Arti" (the "National Academy of Arts" of Italy) in Rome.
Pisani believed that Malta's Latin soul was being destroyed by British rule. He also believed that the best opportunity to restore Malta to its original state was to expel the British.
To this end, Pisani, along with many other Maltese students, joined the Fascist party of Italy and the "Black shirt" (Camicie Nere) movement. This led him to participate in the Italian occupation of Kefalonia in Greece with the "Compagnia Speciale del Gruppo CC.NN. da sbarco della 50a Legione". He decided to get the Italian citizenship in 1940. In 1941 he was enrolled in the Italian Navy as a "Sottocapo Manipolo Milizia Artiglieria Marittima".
On May 18, 1942, Pisani was sent on a secret mission to be the first Axis spy on the island of Malta. This was in line with Benito Mussolini's ambitions to have the British turn the island over to Italy (he believed the Italian people were the rightful & original inhabitants of Malta because of cultural and linguistic reasons).
Pisani disembarked at the "Dingli Cliffs" in Ras id-Dawwara, and transferred all his rations to the cave, which he knew well from his youth. The unusually inclement weather and the rough sea, however, washed all his possessions away within 48 hours and he was forced to wave down a British patrol boat. Upon rescue, he was brought to the Military Hospital at Mtarfa.
There, Pisani was recognized by one of his childhood friends, British Capitain Tom Warrington. He was transferred to Corradino prison, questioned, and accused of treason. On November 12, 1942, he stood trial. The public was excluded to avoid a possible hostile reaction from the Maltese Fascists; however, by this time, the fascists in Malta were either interned in Uganda or deported to Italy.
Since the "Maltese Legal Code" was suspended during the war, a jury was not convened. In addition, the judges did not consider his renouncement of British citizenship and passport, his acquisition of Italian citizenship, and his participation in combat with the Italian Army. In fact, the latter only weakened his position, since he fought against Greece, an ally of the United Kingdom. On November 19, 1942, he was sentenced to death for conspiring against His Majesty's government and for treason. His execution followed quickly in just nine days.
The King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, personally gave him a few days after his death the highest Italian military medal (the "Medaglia d'oro al Valor Militare alla memoria"), because he considered Carmelo Borg Pisani an Italian soldier with Italian citizenship.
His family still awaits approval to bury his body outside the garrison where was executed.
In Malta today some claim his trial was unfair and partial, while others also say he was a prisoner of war with Italian citizenship, and thus entitled to different treatment. Norman Lowell, the leader of a fringe Maltese radical right-wing political party, claims he was a national hero.
Mussolini called him a "Maltese Martyr" and created in his honor in Liguria the "Battaglione Borg Pisani" in November 1943, where other Maltese irredentists fought. Indeed, Carmelo Borg Pisani is still considered Italian by the Italian government and his "Gold Medal for military valor" is still valid. His tomb is -even now- inside the "Corradino" jail where he was executed. Inside his own jail was found written by him: "I vili ed i servi non sono graditi al Signore" ("The cowards and the servants are not esteemed by the Lord").
Arrondissement of Tulle
The arrondissement of Tulle is an arrondissement of France, in the Corrèze department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Tulle.
When the Corrèze department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Tulle was part of that original department.
It is the central "arrondissement" of the department with an area of . It has 78,408 inhabitants (2014) and a density of inhabitants/km².
The "arrondissement" of Tulle is in the centre of the department and is bordered to the north by the Haute-Vienne department, to the northeast and east by the "arrondissement" of Ussel, to the southeast by the Cantal department, to the south by the Lot department and to the west by the "arrondissement" of Brive-la-Gaillarde.
In the "arrondissement" of Tulle, only three cantons do not have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement": Haute-Dordogne, Midi corrézien and Uzerche. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":
The "arrondissement" of Tulle has 106 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Arrondissement of Ussel
The arrondissement of Ussel is an arrondissement of France, in the Corrèze department, Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. Its capital is the city of Ussel.
When the Corrèze department was created on 1800, the "arrondissement" of Ussel was part of that original department.
It is the northernmost "arrondissement" of the department with an area of . It has 32,898 inhabitants (2014) and a density of inhabitants/km².
The "arrondissement" of Ussel is in the northern part of the department and is bordered to the northwest (a small part) by the Haute-Vienne department, to the north by the Creuse department, to the east by the Puy-de-Dôme department, to the southeast by the Cantal department, and to the southwest and west by the "arrondissement" of Tulle.
In the "arrondissement" of Ussel, only one canton does not have all their "communes" in the "arrondissement": the Haute-Dordogne. The following table shows the distribution of the "communes" in the cantons and "arrondissements":
The "arrondissement" of Ussel has 80 "communes"; they are (with their INSEE codes)ː
Choi-Yong-kun
Choi Yong-kun(Korea:최용건;hanja:崔庸健, July 21, 1900 - September 19, 1976) was Chinese and North Korean soldier, Korea independence activist and politician. nickname was Seokcheon(석천;石泉), ohtername was Chuhae(추해;秋海), Ryong-gun(룡건;龍健).
Choi was born Seosung, in Taecheon, he was study to Taecheon premiry school and In 1919 Jeongju Ohsan Middle school. but Marth 1921 he was Withdrawal to middle school. In 1923 he was go to china and entrance into Winnan Military Academy school, Graduated to two years later. In 1924 to April 1925 he was Apprenticeships Military trainers of Hwangpu Military Academy, but he was involved to Guangzhou riots. later he was eacape to Manchu. In 1936 to 1939 he was activity to Northeast Anti-Japanese coalition forces, 1940's he was go to USSR.
In October 1945, he was return to his country, he was appointed to Central Committee of People's Committee Association of the South Pyongan Province and joint to Chosun communism party and Chosun labor party. In 1946 header of Chosun Democratic party, in February 1947 he was first Commander-in-Chief was Korean people's Army until 1950.
In September 2, 1948, he was joint to North Korean government. so he was appoint to first Defense Minister of North Korea, first Korean Supreme People's lawmakers, In 1950 to 1952, he was joint to Korea War, Choi was Seoul defense system commander and Incheon defense system commander.
In October 1957 he was vice head state of North Korea and In March 10, 1958 to December 18, 1972 he was head state of North Korea. In December 1958 to 6 July, 1959 appoint to Committee Chair of Health Committee, 1972 until his death, he was vice president of North Korea.
Comma-separated values
In computing, a comma-separated values (CSV) file stores information you might find in a spreadsheet, such as a table of text, numbers, and dates, in a plain text file.
Typically, the first line in a plain text file would contain header information, which are labels for table information organized vertically. Starting with the second line, each line would represent a row. Each cell in a row is separated by a comma, hence its name.
The following is a simple example of this type of file. The example has three columns (labeled 'name', 'age', and 'favorite color'), and four rows (including the header line at the top).
name,age,favorite color
Alice,12,green
Bob,23,purple
Jane,34,blue
Text in a cell may be surrounded by quotation character (<nowiki>"</nowiki>), to note the start and end of a cell (a particular column and row location) in a table. Quotation characters in a cell value in turn can be denoted by doubling the quotation character (<nowiki>""</nowiki>). This is primarily used to signify that a particular cell contains data that may be confusing to a computer that's trying to read the file. A common example of this is when a cell contains a comma as part of it's data. Without the quotation marks, it's unclear if the comma denotes a separation between cells:
name,age
Smith, Joe,45
Choi, Ceri,56
Plummer, Olive,23
or if it should be part of the cell's data:
"name","age"
"Smith, Joe","45"
"Choi, Ceri","56"
"Plummer, Olive","23"
CSV is a way to describe table data. However, various applications may require different types of tables. Having a file in CSV format may not be enough for a file to be compatible with a particular application.
Furthermore, CSV is stored in plain text. An application may have problems reading a CSV file because of incompatibility with the plain text format, either because of the character encoding or line break format.
Mülchi is a former municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Mülchi, Büren zum Hof, Etzelkofen, Grafenried, Limpach, Schalunen and Zauggenried merged into the municipality of Fraubrunnen.
Münchenbuchsee
Münchenbuchsee is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland. It is famous as the birthplace of painter Paul Klee.
Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) is an informal international group of botanists who came together to get a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms). They wanted to base it on plant relationships got from phylogeny.
Four versions of a classification system have come from this collaboration. They were published in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2016. Earlier angiosperm classifications were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e., groups that include all the descendants of a common ancestor).
The principles of the APG's approach to classification were set out in the first paper of 1998, and have remained unchanged in subsequent revisions. Briefly, these are:
For a detailed discussion on phylogenetic nomenclature, see Cantino "et al" 2007.
The latest version is APG IV.
Attiswil
Abdul Sattar Edhi
Abdul Sattar Edhi (Memoni, ; 1 January 1928 – 8 July 2016) was a Pakistani philanthropist, social activist, ascetic, and humanitarian. He was the founder and head of the Edhi Foundation in Pakistan. He ran the organization for 60 years. He was known as Angel of Mercy. He was thought to be Pakistan's "most respected" and legendary figure.
In 2013, "The Huffington Post" said that he might be "the world's greatest living humanitarian."
Kapil Dev
Kapil Dev is a former Indian cricket player. He was an all rounder, a right hand batsman and right arm fast bowler. He captained the Indian cricket team when it won the 1983 World Cup.
Kapil Dev Ramlal Nikhanj was born on 6 January 1959 in Chandigarh, Haryana, India. As a technical bowler, he was known as the "Haryana hurricane". He got a joint man of the match with the Australian cricketer Dean Jones.
Kapil Dev was the captain who led the Indian team to its first World Cup win in 1983. He got 434 wickets and scored 5248 runs with 8 centuries and 27 fifties in test cricket. He got 253 wickets and 3783 runs in ODIs. He is the only player in the history of cricket to have taken more than 400 wickets (434 wickets) and scored more than 5,000 runs in Tests.
Münchenwiler
Münchenwiler () is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Münchringen
Münchringen is a former municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2014 the former municipalities of Münchringen and Scheunen merged into the municipality of Jegenstorf.
Münsingen
Münsingen (, Bernese German: "Münsige") is a town and municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2013 the former municipality of Trimstein merged into the municipality of Münsingen and On 1 January 2017 the former municipality of Tägertschi merged into the municipality of Münsingen.
The municipality lies on the River Aare between the cities of Bern and Thun.
Müntschemier
Müntschemier () is a little municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Battle of Shepherdstown
The Battle of Shepherdstown (also known as the Battle of Boteler's Ford) was fought on September 19 and 20, 1862. It was the last of four battles that made up the Maryland Campaign of the American Civil War.
In early September of 1862, General Robert E. Lee's Maryland Campaign saw the first invasion of the North by the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia. Lee's plan was to win over the citizens of Maryland, a border state, to the Confederate side. A victory in the North could also convince England and France to recognize the Confederate states as a legitimate country. The Maryland Campaign had so far consisted of three battles: the Battle of Harpers Ferry, the Battle of South Mountain and the bloody Battle of Antietam. The fourth battle was the Battle of Shepherdstown.
After Antietam, Lee's army was retreating back across the Potomac River at Boteler's Ford, about 1 mile east of Shepherdstown. Brigadier general William N. Pendleton, an ordained Episcopal minister before the war, was given command of the rearguard at Boteler's Ford covering the withdrawal of the Army of Northern Virginia back into Virginia. He was Lee's chief of artillery. As such he would dispatch various artillery units to other commands. But he had never commanded troops himself.
As the battle-weary Confederate troops crossed the river into what is now Jefferson County, West Virginia, their crossing was being protected by Pendleton's artillerymen manning about 35 cannons on the bluffs on the south side of the river. But the odd collection of cannons had several short-range howitzers and a number of obsolete six pounders incapable of reaching the opposite Maryland bluffs. Pendleton also had command of two understrength infantry brigades he stationed along the riverbank.
The last of Lee's infantry was crossing the river by early afternoon on September 19. Lee then sent General J.E.B. Stuart's cavalry to a second crossing near Williamsport, Maryland. Just as the last of the Confederates were wading ashore, Union General Alfred Pleasonton arrived with a scouting force of Union cavalrymen. He had orders from Major general George B. McClellan not to follow the retreating rebels into Virginia "unless you see a splendid opportunity to inflict great damage upon the enemy without loss to yourself." Seeing the Confederates on the South side covered by artillery on the bluffs above, he did not immediately cross the river. Instead he set up 70 cannons on the north side of the Potomac. He then ordered the cannons to open fire on the Confederates. The Confederate artillery returned fire as best they could. That same morning Union general Fitz John Porter's V Corps had arrived. He had orders from McClellan to support Pleasonton and attack the Confederates as they retreated. As night approached, Porter's 500 or so Union soldiers began crossing the Potomac. The Union troops attacked Lee's rearguard and proceeded to capture several of Pendleton's cannon. With his artillery overpowered Pendleton panicked and left his post as commander of the Confederate forces to look for reinforcements. Shortly after midnight Pendleton found Lee. He told his commander he had lost all of his cannon and Federal troops were on the South shore. In fact, the Union forces had only captured five of his cannons. In his absence, the Confederate artillerymen had moved the remaining cannon back to safety.
Early in the morning hundreds more Union troops began crossing the Potomac to join the 500 already there. As they pushed into Shepherdstown they met the Confederate reinforcements commanded by general Stonewall Jackson. Porter, seeing he was badly outnumbered ordered his men back to the Maryland side of the river. But some could not escape before the Confederates opened fire on them. One unit, the 118th Pennsylvania Infantry, was pinned down and could not cross back into Maryland. They were inexperienced and had been issued poor quality muskets that did not always fire. Some scrambled down the cliffs to cross the water under fire. The regiment lost a total of 269 casualties out of 737 men. For the rest of the day the two sides remained in their positions on either side of the Potomac. The battle ended in a stalemate.
Ussel, Corrèze
Ussel () is a French commune, a "subprefecture" in the Corrèze department in central France. It is in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region. It is also the capital of the "arrondissement" of Ussel.
It is the capital of the old, historical region of "Haute-Corrèze".
Ussel is in the Massif Central on the foot of the plateau de Millevaches. The city itself is on top of a hill between the valleys of the Diège and the Sarsonne rivers.
The "commune" of Ussel has an area of , and its average altitude is ; at the city hall, the altitude is .
The city of Ussel is at about from Bordeaux, at from Toulouse, at from Paris and at from Lyon.
The "commune" of Ussel is surrounded by the "communes":
The climate of Ussel, in the Köppen climate classification, is Cfb - Oceanic climate with template summers.
The inhabitants of this city are known, in French, as "Usselois" (women: "Usseloises").
With a population of 9,772, Ussel has a population density of inhabitants/km.
Evolution of the population in Ussel
Ussel is a subprefecture of the Corrèze department, the capital of the "arrondissement" of Ussel and the administrative centre () of the canton of Ussel.
It is part of the intercommunality "Haute-Corrèze" ().
Ussel is twinned with:
Hekatonkheires
The Hekatonkheires ( - "Hundred-handed ones") are one of the three races of beings born to Ouranos and Gaia, the primordial gods of the sky and the Earth. Their names are Kottos (Greek: Κόττος), Briareos (Greek: Βριάρεως) and Gyges (Greek: Γύγης).
The Hekatonkheires received their name because they each have a hundred arms, fifty on each side of their bodies. Despised by their father, the Hekatonkheires were thrown into Tartarus alongside their brothers, the Elder Cyclopes, guarded by the monster Kampê. Many years later, Zeus, alongside his brothers and sisters, freed the Hekatonkheires and the Elder Cyclopes from their prison so that they might help them in their war against the Titans. During the war, the Hekatonkheires threw rocks at Mount Othrys, the Titans' base, reducing the mountain to half its original size. After the Titanomachy, the Titans were cast into Tartarus, and Zeus appointed the Hekatonkheires to be their jailers.
Neuenegg
Neuenegg is a municipality of the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Nidau
Nidau is a municipality of the administrative district Biel/Bienne in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Niederbipp
Niederbipp is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the Swiss canton of Berne. On 1 January 2020 the former municipality of Wolfisberg merged into Niederbipp.
Ebbs
Ebbs is a small village in the Kufstein district in the Austrian state of Tyrol. It is north of Kufstein at the border with Bavaria, Germany. The village has seven parts. It was mentioned for the first time as "Episas" in 788. Rumors came up that settlement began in the Roman age. The main source of income is tourism but the village also has commuters.
Milos Raonic
Milos Raonic (born December 27, 1990) is a Canadian professional tennis player.
Raonic was born in Titograd, Socialist Republic of Montenegro, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. He moved to Brampton, Ontario, Canada in 1994. He lives in Monte Carlo, Monaco. His uncle is Montenegrin politician Branimir Gvozdenovíc.
Raonic is the most successful Canadian singles player. He turned pro in 2008. He represented Canada at the 2012 Summer Olympics. His world ranking peaked at no. 3 in November 2016. He was the losing finalist of the 2016 Wimbledon Championships.
Antonino Natoli of Patti
Antonino da Patti, also called Antonio da Patti, was a Sicilian priest. In 1596 he was made an apostolic visitor for the Order of Reformed Friars Minor in the Terra di Lavoro. He suffered many persecutions, and died in Rome the 6th January 1618. He was buried at the church of San Francesco a Ripa.
Greg Rusedski
Gregory Rusedski (born 6 September 1973) is a retired Canadian-British tennis player.
Rusedski was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. His mother is English. His father was born in Germany and was of Polish and Ukrainian descent.
Rusedski turned pro in 1991 and played for Canada until 1995. From 1995 until his retirement in 2007, he played for Great Britain. He was the losing finalist in the 1997 U.S. Open. His world ranking peaked at no.4 later that year. He was the British number 1 in 1997 and 1999. He competed in the 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics.
Rusedski was a contestant on "Dancing on Ice" in 2008. He lives in London.
Eugenie Bouchard (born February 25, 1994) is a Canadian professional tennis player. She was born in Montreal, Quebec. She lives in Miami Beach, Florida.
Bouchard turned pro in 2009. She was the losing finalist at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. Her world ranking peaked at no.5 later that year.
Niederhünigen
Niederhünigen is a municipality in the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Dotzigen
Dotzigen is a municipality in the administrative district of Seeland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Niedermuhlern
Niedermuhlern is a municipality of the administrative district of Bern-Mittelland in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
Niederönz
Niederönz is a municipality in the administrative district of Oberaargau in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
It is 1 km west of Herzogenbuchsee.
Niederösch
Niederösch is a former municipality of the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Berne in Switzerland.
On 1 January 2016 the former municipalities of Niederösch and Oberösch merged into the municipality of Ersigen.
Johnny Barnes
Johnny Barnes (born John James Randolf Adolphus Mills, June 23, 1923 – July 9, 2016) was a Bermudian entertainer. He was known for waving to passing traffic at the Foot of the Lane roundabout in Hamilton, Bermuda. He became so loved and well known that the government of Bermuda created a statue of Barnes and be placed in Hamilton.
Barnes died on July 9, 2016 in Hamilton, aged 93.
Geneviève Castrée
Geneviève Castrée Elverum (1981 – 9 July 2016) was a Canadian comics artist, illustrator, and musician. She was from Loretteville, Quebec. She once recorded under the name Woelv and later switched to Ô PAON.
Castrée died on 9 July 2016 from pancreatic cancer in Anacortes, Washington, aged 34.
Vaughn Harper
Vaughn Harper (March 7, 1945 – July 9, 2016) was an American broadcast announcer and DJ. In 1976, Harper became a nighttime Radio DJ for WBLS (107.5 FM) in New York City. He was known for his soft voice so he was nicknamed "the Quiet Storm". He was an active basketball broadcaster for small teams.
Harper died from complications of diabetes on July 9, 2016 in Syracuse, New York, aged 71.
Wolfram Siebeck
Wolfram Siebeck (19 September 1928 – 7 July 2016) was a German journalist, author and food critic. He used to criticize fast food, TV dinners, subsidized agriculture and Intensive animal farming. Siebeck was born in Duisburg.
Silvano Piovanelli
Silvano Piovanelli (21 February 1924 – 9 July 2016) was an Italian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as Archbishop of Florence from 1983 to 2001. He was elevated to the cardinalate in 1985. He was born in Borgo San Lorenzo, Kingdom of Italy.
Piovanelli died on 9 July 2016 in Florence, Italy, aged 92.
Jacques Rouffio
Jacques Rouffio (14 August 1928 – 8 July 2016) was a French movie director and screenwriter. His 1986 movie "My Brother-in-law Killed My Sister" was entered into the 36th Berlin International Film Festival.
Rouddio died on 8 July 2016 in Paris, aged 87.
Harold A. Linstone
Harold Adrian Linstone (June 15, 1924 – July 8, 2016) was a German-born American mathematician, consultant, futurist and University Professor Emeritus of Systems Science at Portland State University and a specialist in applied mathematics. He was born in Hamburg.
Linstone was editor-in-chief of the professional journal "Technological Forecasting and Social Change", which he founded in 1969.
Linstone died on July 8, 2016 in Portland, Oregon, aged 92.
Mamnoon Hussain
Hussain briefly served as Governor of Sindh in 1999. His term as governor was cut short by the military coup d'état staged in 1999. After the PML(N) secured majority in general elections held in 2013, Hussain was nominated and elected as President of Pakistan on 30 July 2013. He won the election in a landslide victory winning 432 votes to his rival Wajihuddin Ahmed's 77 votes.
FreeThe20 campaign
FreeThe20 is a campaign to call attention to women who are political prisoners around the world. The campaign names twenty women who are imprisoned unjustly. Samantha Power, the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, started the campaign for the twentieth anniversary of the Beijing Declaration.
The reason for the campaign was to tell governments to stop putting women in prison, and to tell the women and their families that they are not alone. There were twenty names of women in twenty days, one for every year since the Beijing Declaration.
In September 2015, a bipartisan "#FreeThe20" bill was introduced to the U.S Senate. All twenty women senators of the two political parties supported the bill. They said,
For status of the women updated to the end of the Powers' term as Secretary of State, see #FreeThe20 Women Political Prisoners and Prisoners of Concern Campaign .
The following women are still imprisoned (updated March 2017):
The following women have been released (alphabetical):
Sydney Schanberg
Sydney Hillel Schanberg (January 17, 1934 – July 9, 2016) was an American journalist. He was best known for his coverage of the war in Cambodia. He has been the recipient of a Pulitzer Prize in 1976 for his reporting on the war.
Schanberg died on July 9, 2016 in Poughkeepsie, New York on July 9, 2016 from a heart attack, aged 82.
Clinton, Massachusetts
Clinton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,606 at the 2010 census.
Anatoli Isayev
Anatoli Konstantinovich Isayev (; 14 July 1932 – 10 July 2016) was a Soviet football player and Soviet and Russian coach. Isayev made his debut for USSR in 1955. He first played against West Germany. He played in the 1958 FIFA World Cup qualifiers but was not selected for the final tournament squad. He was born in Moscow.
Isayev died on 10 July 2016 in Moscow, aged 84.
Aziza Siddiqui
Aziza Siddiqui is a human rights activist from Afghanistan. In 2007, Siddiqui received the International Women of Courage Award.
Aziza Siddiqui was born in Afghanistan. When she was 8 years old, her family moved to Pakistan because of war. In 2003 she returned to Afghanistan.
In Afghanistan, Siddiqui worked with Action Aid, an Afghan NGO. She taught women in the northern provinces about their rights. She talked to men about women making decisions. Villages got $50 if they had a man in the council to make decisions. If they also had a woman in the council, they got $100.
After Siddiqui traveled to Washington D.C. to receive the award, her family told her to stay in the U.S. They said it was not safe to go back to Afghanistan. In 2008, Siddiqui worked as a case worker for BIAS, Bi-lingual International Assistant Services in St. Louis. She worked with immigrants. She also worked as an interpreter for the International Institute.
Sundus Abbas
Sundus Abbas is an Iraqi activist for women's rights. She is the Executive Director of the Women's Leadership Institute in Baghdad. In 2007, Abbas received the International Women of Courage Award.
Abbas teaches women about government and making decisions.
Abbas is from the Iraqi Turkmen ethnic group. In 2016 she represented the Turkmen people at a meeting at the European Parliament.
Shatha Abdul Razzak Abbousi
Shatha Abdul Razzak Abbousi (Arabic: شذى عبد الرزاق عبوسي ) is an Iraqi politician. She is a representative in the Iraqi Council of Representatives. In 2007 she received the International Women of Courage Award.
Abbousi was born in Baghdad on September 9, 1964. She went to primary and secondary school in Mosel. In 2005 she received a bachelor's degree from the University of Baghdad. She became a member of the Iraqi Parliament in 2006.
Corrèze (river)
The Corrèze () is a river in southwestern France, left tributary of the Vézère river. The Corrèze department is named after this river.
The Corrèze river has a length of and a drainage basin with an area of .
Its average yearly discharge is at Brive-la-Gaillarde in the Corrèze department.
Average monthly discharge (m/s) at Brive-la-Gaillarde (1918-2011)
The source of the Corrèze is in northwestern Massif Central, in the plateau of "Millevaches", to the south of the "commune" of Pérols-sur-Vézère, in the Corrèze department, at an altitude of .
It flows through the "communes" of Corrèze and Tulle. Then it flows into the plain in the southwest of the department and flows through the "communes" of Malemort-sur-Corrèze and Brive-la-Gaillarde.
Finally, west of Brive-la-Gaillarde, it flows into the Vézère river at the limit between Saint-Pantaléon-de-Larche and Ussac, at of altitude.
The Corrèze river flows through 24 "communes", all in the Corrèze department.
The name of the river, Corrèze, is found in the name of the department and of three "communes": Les Angles-sur-Corrèze, Corrèze and Malemort-sur-Corrèze.
The main tributaries of the Corrèze river are:
Alfred G. Knudson
Alfred George Knudson, Jr. M.D., Ph.D. (August 9, 1922 – July 10, 2016) was an American geneticist. He worked in cancer genetics. He was known for the formulation of the Knudson hypothesis in 1971. It explains the effects of mutation on carcinogenesis (the development of cancer).
Knudson died on July 10, 2016 at his home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania from a long-illness at the age of 93.
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
Marcelo Nuno Duarte Rebelo de Sousa (), (born 12 December 1948) is a Portuguese politician. He has been the President of Portugal since 9 March 2016.
António Ramalho Eanes
António dos Santos Ramalho Eanes, (; born 25 January 1935) is a Portuguese general and politician. He was the 16th President of Portugal from 1976 to 1986.
Manuel Alegre
Dith Pran
Dith Pran (; 27 September 1942 – 30 March 2008) was a Cambodian photojournalist. He was best known as a refugee and survivor of the Cambodian genocide.
Pran died on 30 March 2008 in New Brunswick, New Jersey from pancreatic cancer, aged 65.
Sally Yates
Sally Caroline Quillian Yates (born August 20, 1960 in Atlanta) is an American lawyer. She studied at the University of Georgia and was the acting Attorney General of the United States from January 20, 2017 through January 30, 2017. She was also serving as Deputy Attorney General from March 2015 until her dismissal on January 30, 2017.
Yates was born in Atlanta to John Kelley Quillian (1930–1986), an attorney and judge who was a judge on the Georgia Court of Appeals between 1966 and 1984, and his wife, Xara "Mickey" DeBeaugrine Quillian (née Terrell; 1931–2012), an interior designer. Her grandmother had been one of the first women admitted to the Georgia Bar; however, she was not hired as an attorney, instead working as a legal secretary for Yates's grandfather.
Yates attended the University of Georgia, receiving her Bachelor of Arts degree in journalism in 1982. In 1986, she earned a Juris Doctor degree from the University of Georgia School of Law, graduating magna cum laude. While in law school, Yates was the executive editor of the "Georgia Law Review".
On January 30, 2017, President Donald Trump fired her after saying she won't defend his executive order on the immigration ban.
Sally Yates explained her decision not to defend the executive order in the following letter to the DOJ employees:
"On January 27, 2017, the President signed an Executive Order regarding immigrants and refugees from certain Muslim-majority countries. The order has now been challenged in a number of jurisdictions. As the Acting Attorney General, it is my ultimate responsibility to determine the position of the Department of Justice in these actions."
"My role is different from that of the Office of Legal Counsel (OLC), which, through administrations of both parties, has reviewed Executive Orders for form and legality before they are issued. OLC’s review is limited to the narrow question of whether, in OLC’s view, a proposed Executive Order is lawful on its face and properly drafted. Its review does not take account of statements made by an administration or it surrogates close in time to the issuance of an Executive Order that may bear on the order’s purpose. And importantly, it does not address whether any policy choice embodied in an Executive Order is wise or just."
"Similarly, in litigation, DOJ Civil Division lawyers are charged with advancing reasonable legal arguments that can be made supporting an Executive Order. But my role as leader of this institution is different and broader. My responsibility is to ensure that the position of the Department of Justice is not only legally defensible, but is informed by our best view of what the law is after consideration of all the facts. In addition, I am responsible for ensuring that the positions we take in court remain consistent with this institution’s solemn obligation to always seek justice and stand for what is right. At present, I am not convinced that the defense of the Executive Order is consistent with these responsibilities nor am I convinced that the Executive Order is lawful."
"Consequently, for as long as I am the Acting Attorney General, the Department of Justice will not present arguments in defense of the Executive Order, unless and until I become convinced that it is appropriate to do so."
A career prosecutor in Atlanta who has served under both Republican and Democrat administrations, Sally Yates has been hailed as a hero by both parties. Senator Johnny Isakson, Republican of Georgia, introduced her at her confirmation hearing in 2015.
“She will be a hero of the American people, a hero of what’s right,” Mr. Isakson said at the time. “She’ll call them like she sees them, and she will be fair, and she will be just.”
At those hearings, Republicans were furious about former President Barack Obama's order liberalizing immigration policy and questioned Ms. Yates about whether she would be willing to stand up to the president. Senator Jeff Sessions, Republican of Alabama and Mr. Trump's nominee for attorney general, was particularly pointed in his questioning.
“If the views the president wants to execute are unlawful, should the attorney general or the deputy attorney general say 'No?’” Mr. Sessions asked.
"I believe the attorney general or deputy attorney general has an obligation to follow the law and Constitution and give their independent legal advice to the president,” Ms. Yates replied.
Sylvia Mathews Burwell
Sylvia Mathews Burwell was born June 23, 1965 and served as the United States Secretary of Health and Human Services from 2014 to 2017. Previously she was the Director of the White House Office of Management and Budget from 2013 to 2014.