AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
Princess Mary Adelaide Wilhelmina Elizabeth of Cambridge (27 November 1833 - 27 October 1897) was a granddaughter of George III of the United Kingdom. She later married the Duke of Teck. She was also the mother of Mary of Teck, and therefore mother-in-law of George V.
The Duke and Duchess of Teck had four children:
Isomorphism
In mathematics (particularly in abstract algebra), two mathematical structures are isomorphic when they are the same in some sense. More specifically, an isomorphism is a function between two structures that preserves the relationships between the parts (see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomorphism#Examples). To indicate isomorphism between two structures formula_1 and formula_2, one often writes formula_3.
Using the language of category theory, this means that morphisms map to morphisms without breaking composition. An isomorphism is also a homomorphism that is one-to-one.
As an example, one can consider the operation of adding integers Z. The doubling function φ(x) = 2x maps elements of Z to elements of the even integers 2Z. Since φ(a+b) = 2(a+b) = 2a+2b = φ(a)+φ(b), adding in Z is structurally identical as adding in 2Z (which makes this an example of isomorphism).
Automorphism
in abstract algebra an automorphism is an isomorphism from a group, or set of elements onto itself.
Group center
In abstract algebra the center of a group G denoted by Z(G) is the set of elements which commute with every element of G, meaning that for any element x of a group G, and an element y of Z(G), xy = yx. The center is equal to the intersection of the centralizers of the group elements.
The notation Z(G) comes from the fact that in German the word for center is "zentrum".
Caroline of Ansbach
Caroline of Ansbach was the Queen Consort of George II of Great Britain. During her time as queen she had a lot of power.
Caroline of Ansbach was born in Ansbach in Germany, the daughter of Johann Friedrich, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach, and his second wife, Princess Eleanor Erdmuthe Louise of Saxe-Eisenach. Orphaned at an early age, Caroline grew up an intelligent, cultured and attractive woman, and was much sought-after as a bride.
She turned down the King of Spain because it would cause her to renounce the Protestant faith. Shortly after she met the son of the elector of Hanover They married in 1705. Over the next 30 years they had nine children.
George I of Great Britain died 11 June 1727. George Augustus ascended the throne as George II of Great Britain. Caroline held George on a string. When the Prime Minister Sir Robert Walpole met with the King he and Caroline had signs to communicate with each other. George never noticed.Both the King and Queen truly disliked their eldest son Frederick, Prince of Wales. Caroline once called him the Greatest Ass the world has ever known. They preferred Prince William, Duke of Cumberland over Fredrick.
Caroline died 20 November 1737. George was at her side. Caroline asked him to remarry on her deathbed, to which he replied "No, I shall only have mistresses" or in French, "Non, j'aurai seulement des maîtresses!" in tears.
George had Caroline buried in Westminster Abbey. He bought two coffins with removable sides, so after he died they would lie together again.
Caroline's nine pregnancies (from 1707-1724) resulted in eight live births. One of them, Prince George William (13 November 1717-17 February 1718), died in infancy. Seven of them lived to adulthood.
Caroline alongside Prince Albert, and Mary of Modena is regarded one of the most powerful British consorts in History.
Coset
If G is a group and H a subgroup of G, x is an element in G, and h is an element in H the cosets of H in G are defined as follows:
When xH = Hx we say that H is normal in G.
Lagrange's theorem (group theory)
Lagrange's theorem in group theory states if G is a finite group and H is a subgroup of G, then |H| (how many elements are in H, called the order of H) divides |G|. Moreover, the number of distinct left (right) cosets of H in G is |G|/|H|.
Label (philately)
Label or coupon or tab in philately is a part of sheet of stamps separated from them with perforation (or narrow white margin in imperforate stamps). It cannot be used for postage because it does not have face value and any indication of a postal administration that issued such stamps with labels. The notion of label should not be messed up with the term "gutter" or with a margin of a stamp sheet.
Sometimes, label is also a stamp-like adhesive of no postal value, often used for promotional purposes.
Liz Cohen
Liz Cohen (born 1973) is a performance artist. Her best known project is called "Bodywork". She changed an old East German small car (a Trabant), so that it can transform into a larger American car (a Chevrolet). She hired a personal trainer and dieted so she could appear in a bikini to be the model for the car.
She currently teaches at Cranbrook Academy of Art and lives in Detroit, Michigan.
Rainbow flag (LGBT)
The Rainbow flag has been the symbol of the LGBT (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender) community since its creation in 1978. It is also called the 'Pride Flag.' The flag was created by Gilbert Baker of San Francisco, California in 1978.
The flag was first used at a LGBT pride parade in San Francisco in 1978, at that time it had eight colors. The next year it was changed to six colors, so it could be easier to make.
The flag was first made by Gilbert Baker, to be used instead of the pink triangle symbol used before. The pink triangle was used by Nazis to show who was homosexual. Homosexual people were sent to concentration camps in Nazi Germany, where they made homosexual men wear a pink triangle. This was like the yellow Star of David that Jews had to wear to show who was Jewish. LGBT people were not ashamed of the pink triangle, but they wanted a more positive, happier symbol.
In the LGBT version of the rainbow flag, each color has a different meaning:
It used to have a pink stripe, which meant "sexuality", but was removed because the pink cloth was unable to be mass produced.
Program specification
In the computer science, a program specification is the definition of what a computer program is expected to do. It can be informal, in which case it can be considered as a blueprint or user manual from a developer point of view, or formal, in which case it has a definite meaning defined in mathematical or programmatic terms. In practice, most successful specifications are written to understand and fine-tune applications that were already well-developed, although safety-critical software systems are often carefully specified prior to application development. Specifications are most important for external interfaces that must remain stable.
In systems engineering a specification is a document that clearly and accurately describes the essential technical requirements for items, materials, or services including the procedures by which it can be determined that the requirements have been met. Specifications help avoid duplication and inconsistencies, allow for accurate estimates of necessary work and resources, act as a negotiation and reference document for engineering changes, provide documentation of configuration, and allow for consistent communication among those responsible for the eight primary functions of Systems Engineering. They provide a precise idea of the problem to be solved so that they can efficiently design the system and estimate the cost of design alternatives. They provide guidance to testers for verification (qualification) of each technical requirement.
Hubble's law
Hubble's law or Hubble—Lemaître's law is the name for the observation that:
In effect, the space-time volume of the observable universe is expanding and Hubble's law is the direct physical observation of this. It is the basis for believing in the expansion of the universe and is evidence often cited in support of the Big Bang model.
Although widely attributed to Edwin Hubble, the law was first derived from the General Relativity equations by Georges Lemaître in a 1927 article. There he proposed that the Universe is expanding, and suggested a value for the rate of expansion, now called the Hubble constant. Two years later Edwin Hubble confirmed the existence of that law and determined a more accurate value for the constant that now bears his name. The recession velocity of the objects was inferred from their redshifts, many measured earlier by Vesto Slipher in 1917 and related to velocity by him.
The law is often expressed by the equation , with "H" the constant of proportionality (the Hubble constant) between the "proper distance" "D" to a galaxy and its velocity "v" (see "Uses of the proper distance"). "H" is usually quoted in (km/s)/Mpc, which gives the speed in km/s of a galaxy away. The reciprocal of "H" is the Hubble time.
A recent 2011 estimate of the Hubble constant, which used a new infrared camera on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to measure the distance and redshift for a collection of astronomical objects, gives a value of . An alternate approach using data from galactic clusters gave a value of .
A number of other methods have been used, giving figures between 70 and 72 (km/s)/Mpc. A recent (2016) method using the oldest light in the universe suggests the Hubble Constant value was 66.53km/s per megaparsec soon after the expansion began. This implies that the rate of expansion has been increasing.
Carol Ann Duffy
East Turkistan, Uyghuristan, and Uyghurstan (Uyghur: Sherqiy Türkistan; Uyghuriye), refers to the eastern part of the greater Turkestan region of Central Asia. It has an area of 1,664,900 km2 and a population of 21,813,334 (2010 est).
1977 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1977 Atlantic hurricane season started on June 1, 1977 and ended on November 30, 1977. Sometimes storms form outside these dates but that did not happen in 1977. The first storm formed on August 29, a very late start. This season was inactive, with only six storm forming. The only memorable storm is Hurricane Anita, because of its strength.
The names below were used for named storms (tropical storms and hurricanes) that formed in the 1977 Atlantic hurricane season. In this season the names Anita, Babe, Clara and Evelyn for the first time. Names that did not get used are marked in .
The name Anita was retired in spring of 1980. Because the list changed in 1979 due to adding male names, Anita wasn't replaced with a particular name.
Ahmad Shah Durrani
Ahmad Shah Durrani (c.1723-1773) (Pashto: احمد شاه دراني), also known as Ahmad Shah Abdali (Pashto: احمد شاه ابدالي) and born as Ahmad Khan, was the founder of the Durrani Empire in 1747.
He united the different Afghan tribes and conquered what is now Afghanistan, Pakistan, eastern Iran and The Punjab in north western India. He is recognized as the Founding Father of the modern state of Afghanistan.
His mausoleum is located in the southern Afghan city of Kandahar, adjacent to the mosque where Muhammad the Prophet's sacred cloak is kept as memorabilia. It is not worshiped.
Nemrut (volcano)
Nemrut (Turkish: "Nemrut Dağı", Armenian: Սարակն, «Mountain spring», scientific transliteration: "Sarakn", Kurdish "Çiyayê Nemrud") is a dormant volcano in Eastern Turkey, close to Lake Van, at .
The volcano is named after King Nimrod who is said to have ruled this area in about 2100 BC.
Detective Conan
, or Cased Closed is a crime manga series. This comic is written by Gosho Aoyama. The series began in 1994. The manga series has been made into an anime television show. It has been on the air from 1996 to the present time.
"Detective Conan" is about a teenage detective named Shinichi Kudo, who is poisoned by an evil group called "The Black Organization". The poison was supposed to kill him. However, the poison instead turned him into a small child. Shinichi adopts a new identity as "Conan Edogawa", and lives with his girlfriend, Ran Mouri, and her father, Detective Kogoro Mori, under the pretense that his parents are away and unable to take care of him. As a child, Shinichi/Conan helps Kogorou solve murder cases, while trying to find the evil men who poisoned him, to steal the poison and create an antidote.
When "Detective Conan" first arrived in the United States, the name was changed to Case Closed in English for legal reasons that were never specified. Some of the character names were be changed as well. Shinichi had his first name changed to Jimmy. Ran Mori became Rachel Moore, while her father became Richard. Hiroshi had his first name changed to Hershel. Heiji Hattori became Harley Hartwell. Sonoko Suzuki became Serena Sebastian. Ai Haibara became Anita Hailey. However, Conan kept his Japanese name in English.
This is the reasoning comics describing a high school student detective solving many incidents. His name is Shinichi Kudo. The 17 year old changed to a small child's body because of poison by the Black Organization. The Black organization is an international crime organization and its main activity is assassination, trading, and inventing new drugs. The code names of the members are usually named after liquors. For example, Gin, Vodka, and Vermouth. Ai Haibara, who invented the drug Shinichi took, was a member of this organization but when she was locked in handcuffs, she took the same drug Shinichi took, and became a six year-old girl and escaped from them. Her old code name was Sherry.
The protagonist. He solves cases (mostly murders) as a first grader. His seventeen-year-old body was shrunk due to a poison created by the Black Organization. He use a wide array of gadgets to solve crimes.
A high-school friend of Shinichi. Conan lives with her, and she is not aware of his true identity. She longs to see Shinichi again.
Ran's father. He is a famous private detective, but his fame is due to Conan solving cases using his voice (via the Voice-Changing Bowtie).
A plump doctor/professor who knows Conan's true identity and makes gadgets for him.
A former member of the Black Organization. Her body shrunk due to the same poison that Conan took.
A rival high school detective who knows Conan's true identity and is called the "teen detective of the west"
A boy-crazy friend of Ran's. Conan sometimes uses her voice to solve crimes instead of Kogoro's. She is also a big fan of KID, the phantom thief.
Mulhacén
Mulhacén is the highest mountain in continental Spain and in the Iberian Peninsula. It is part of the Sierra Nevada range in the Cordillera Penibética. It is named after Abu l-Hasan Ali, or "Muley Hacén" as he is known in Spanish, the last-but-one Muslim King of Granada in the 15th century, who according to legend was buried on the summit of the mountain.
The Fedora Project is an organization which develops the Linux distribution, Fedora. It is sponsored by Red Hat. It consists of Red Hat employees. However, it works independently.
The project is not a separate legal organization. So, Red Hat has responsibility for its actions.
Maaloula
Maaloula (, "Ma‘lūlā", from the Aramaic word ܡܥܠܐ, "ma‘lā", meaning 'entrance') is a town in Syria. Most people in the town speak Western Neo-Aramaic. It is one of only three places where the Western branch of the Aramaic languages is still spoken along ith two other nearby towns Bakh'a and Jubb'adin, Maaloula 56 km northeast of Damascus, and built into the rugged mountainside, at an altitude of more than 1500 meters. The distance and geography helped protect the town and its language for over one and half thousand years. However, modern roads and transportation, as well as accessibility to Arabic-language television and print media - and for some time until recently, also state policy - have eroded that linguistic heritage. As of 2005, the town has a population of 2,000.
Religiously, the population are both Christians and Muslims. For the Muslim inhabitants, the legacy is all the more remarkable given that they were not Arabized, unlike most other Syrians who like them were Islamized over the centuries but also adopted Arabic and shifted to an "Arab" ethnic identity.
Most people go on to assume that people in the Middle-East are Arab. While Arabic is the official language there are groups in "Arab" countries that have a clearly distinct culture. These Arameans are not Arab but have actually dwelled in Syria thousands of years before the Arabs came along. While a lot of them have turned to speak Arabic they retain the identity and the language which they use in church fellowship.
Juliana of the Netherlands
Juliana (Juliana Luise Emma Marie Wilhelmina van Oranje-Nassau; 30 April 1909 – 20 March 2004) was Queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, from her mother's abdication in 1948, to her own in 1980. She died of pneumonia caused by dementia on 20 March 2004, aged 94.
George Szell
George Szell (pronounced: “sell”) (7 June 1897 - 30 July 1970) was a conductor. He was born Hungarian and became a naturalized American. He is particularly remembered for his work with the Cleveland Orchestra which he made into one of the world’s finest orchestras.
George (originally “Georg”) Szell was born in Budapest, Hungary and grew up in Vienna, Austria. His music teachers included Mandyczewski, who had been a friend of Brahms, and Max Reger who taught him composition. He was an excellent pianist and was only 11 when he first performed in public, playing one of his own compositions. He started touring Europe. He was only 16 when he conducted the orchestra of the Vienna Court Opera (now the Vienna Philharmonic) and 17 when he appeared with the Berlin Philharmonic, both as pianist and conducting his own music.
Szell soon realized that what he wanted to do most was to conduct. He stopped composing, although he kept up his piano playing until the end of his life. Richard Strauss got him some work with the Berlin Staatsoper in 1915. He conducted in several German opera houses, including Darmstadt, Düsseldorf, again in Berlin from 1924-1929 and then Prague (1929-1937). He first conducted in the United States in 1930 with the Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra. At this time he was better known as an opera conductor than as a conductor of orchestral concerts.
When World War II started in 1939 Szell was in the U.S. on his way to Europe after having toured Australia. He stayed in the U.S. and settled with his family in New York City. At first he earned a living as a teacher, but he soon began to get invitations to conduct. He conducted the NBC Symphony Orchestra in 1941. From 1942 he often conducted the Metropolitan Opera, and the following year he appeared with the New York Philharmonic. In 1946 he became a naturalized citizen of the United States.
In 1946 Szell got the job he was to keep for the rest of his life: Music Director of the Cleveland Orchestra. This orchestra had suffered because of the war and needed someone strong to turn it into a good orchestra. Szell agreed to do this so long as they always did exactly what he wanted.
Szell was a very strict conductor. In rehearsals he made them work very hard at every tiny detail. Like Toscanini, he was absolutely ruthless. If he thought that a musician had made some mistakes, that musician would be fired (lose his job). If anyone questioned what Szell was doing he would be fired. He even showed the cleaner the proper way to mop the floor.
By the end of the 1950s the Cleveland Orchestra had become famous for its precise playing. It had become one of the greatest orchestras in America and Europe. They toured in the U.S. and to Europe, the Soviet Union, Australia and Japan.
Szell’s strictness in his conducting was well known. He was, however, an excellent musician, and the members of the orchestra who managed to keep their jobs were delighted with the standard of their playing. They said that he praised them when they were good, and did not keep on rehearsing once the piece was perfect. Szell never showed off when conducting, he never made the music sound sentimental. Like Toscanini, he thought that a conductor should do exactly what the composer had written in the score, without adding his own personal feelings to the music. Some critics thought that his Mozart sounded a bit too lacking in feeling, but Szell said “I cannot pour chocolate sauce over asparagus”. He conducted music by the main central-European composers: Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven, Mendelssohn, Schumann and Brahms, Bruckner, Mahler and Strauss. He also conducted some modern music, particularly by Dutilleux, Walton, Prokofiev, Hindemith and Bartók. He encouraged Pierre Boulez to conduct the Cleveland Orchestra.
After World War II Szell often conducted other famous orchestras, including the Concertgebouw Orchestra, the London Symphony Orchestra, the Vienna Philharmonic, the New York Philharmonic and at the Salzburg Festival.
Szell married Olga Band in 1920. They were divorced in 1926. In 1938 he married Helene Schultz Teltsch. Their marriage lasted until his death.
When Szell was not working he enjoyed cooking. He also liked driving cars. Although he could have been driven to his concerts by a chauffeur, he often preferred to drive his Cadillac himself.
He died in Cleveland, Ohio in 1970.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, ed. Stanley Sadie (1980);
Duncan Forbes of Culloden
Duncan Forbes (1644 - 1704) was a Scottish politician, and supporter of the House of Hanover.
He was born and educated in Inverness. His son (1685–1747) was also named "Duncan Forbes".
Coláiste an Phiarsaigh
Coláiste an Phiarsaigh is a secondary school in Glanmire, County Cork for boys and girls. It has pupils who arrive each day and those who sleep there. The school uses the Irish language and expects teachers and pupils to also use this language.
Annapurna I Main
Annapurna I Main is an mountain in the Himalayas, in Nepal. It is part of Annapurna Massif. Annapurna I is the 10th highest mountain in the world. In the native language, the word "Annapurna" means "full of food" or "goddess of the harvests". The first people to climb Annapurna were Maurice Herzog and Louis Lachenal, in 1950.
History of Vietnam
The history of Vietnam begins around 2,700 years ago. Successive dynasties based in China ruled Vietnam directly for most of the period from 207 BC until 938 when Vietnam regained its independence. Vietnam remained a tributary state to its larger neighbor China for much of its history but repelled invasions by the Chinese as well as three invasions by the Mongols between 1255 and 1285. Emperor Trần Nhân Tông later diplomatically submitted Vietnam to a tributary of the Yuan to avoid further conflicts. The independent period temporarily ended in the middle to late 19th century, when the country was colonized by France (see French Indochina). During World War II, Imperial Japan expelled the French to occupy Vietnam, though they retained French administrators during their occupation. After the war, France attempted to re-establish its colonial rule but ultimately failed in the First Indochina War. The Geneva Accords partitioned the country in two with a promise of democratic election to reunite the country.
However, rather than peaceful reunification, partition led to the Vietnam War. During this time, the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union supported the North while the United States supported the South. After millions of Vietnamese deaths, the war ended with the fall of Saigon to the North in April 1975. The reunified Vietnam suffered further internal repression and was isolated internationally due to the continuing Cold War and the Vietnamese invasion of Cambodia. In 1986, the Communist Party of Vietnam changed its economic policy and began reforms of the private sector similar to those in China. Since the mid-1980s, Vietnam has enjoyed substantial economic growth and some reduction in political repression, though reports of corruption have also risen.
Evidence of the earliest established society other than the prehistoric Iron Age Đông Sơn culture in Northern Vietnam was found in Cổ Loa, an ancient city situated near present-day Hà Nội.
According to myth, the first Vietnamese people were descended from the Dragon Lord Lạc Long Quân and the Immortal Fairy Âu Cơ. Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ had 100 sons before deciding to part ways. 50 of the children went with their mother to the mountains, and the other 50 went with their father to the sea. The eldest son became the first in a line of early Vietnamese kings, collectively known as the Hùng kings (Hùng Vương or the Hồng Bàng Dynasty). The Hùng kings called their country, located on the Red River delta in present-day northern Vietnam, Văn Lang. The people of Văn Lang were known as the Lạc Việt.
Operation Cornflakes
The Operation Cornflakes occurred in February – March 1945 during World War II. It was a military propaganda provocation operation of the American intelligence in the enemy territory. Fake stamps similar to real issues of German postage stamps were produced and spread in the hostile territory. In philatelic terms, they are illegal and have status of forgeries, falsification (fakes) or cinderellas. The specific case of passage by mail was an interesting operation of Intelligence; otherwise, stamps in the circulation would be identified and destroyed by post employees and/or intelligence agencies of victim state.
Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
Wilhelmina (Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria; 31 August 1880 – 28 November 1962) was queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands from 1890 to 1948. She was loved by the Dutch people. She was the mother of Queen Juliana and grand-mother of Queen Beatrix. In World War 2 she went to London. She spoke to the Dutch people on radio from England.
Eddie Fatu
Edward "Eddie" S. Fatu (March 28, 1973 - December 4 2009) was a Samoan professional wrestler best known for working with the WWF/WWE under the ring names Jamal, Ekmo, and Umaga.
He worked closely with Matt Anoaʻi of the Anoa'i wrestling family which he was also a part of. With Anoaʻi, they formed the tag teams The Island Boyz, the Samoan Gangstas, and 3-Minute Warning. He also wrestled for All Japan Pro Wrestling and wrestled a short time in TNA Wrestling from 2003 to 2004.
Eddie Fatu died on December 4, 2009 of a heart attack. The official cause of his death was from acute toxicity from the combined effects of hydrocodone, carisoprodol, and diazepam.
William III of the Netherlands
William III of the Netherlands("Willem Alexander Paul Frederik Lodewijk", anglicised: "William Alexander Paul Frederick Louis of Orange-Nassau") (19 February 1817 – 23 November 1890) was from 1849 King of the Netherlands and Grand Duke of Luxembourg until his death. He was married to Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont.He was the father off Wilhelmina of the Netherlands and the grandfather of Juliana of the Netherlands. He is also the great-grandfather of Beatrix of the Netherlands who is the mother of the current king of The Netherlands, Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands.
Susan Brownell Anthony (February 15, 1820 - March 13, 1906) was an American women's rights leader. At 17, she became a schoolteacher, but soon became involved in activism regarding slavery and drinking. By the 1850s, she was working closely with Elizabeth Cady Stanton for women's rights, including the vote. She edited a newspaper called "The Revolution" for several years. In 1872, she was arrested for trying to vote. For many years, she was the leader of the National Women's Suffrage Association, which wanted women to have the right to vote. The 19th Amendment (change to the U.S. Constitution) was passed in 1920, 14 years after Anthony's death on March 13, 1906. Anthony later became the first woman on a U.S. coin. This coin was a dollar coin.
William II of the Netherlands
William II of the Netherlands (Willem Frederik George Lodewijk van Oranje-Nassau; 6 December 1792 – 7 March/17 March 1849) was King of the Netherlands, Grand Duke of Luxembourg, and Duke of Limburg from 7 October 1840 until his death.
He was the father of William III of the Netherlands and grandfather of Wilhelmina of the Netherlands.
Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia
Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia (; St. Petersburg, 18 January 1795 - The Hague, 1 March 1865) was Queen of the Netherlands. She was the mother of William III of the Netherlands. She was the grandmother of Wilhelmina of the Netherlands. Her father was Paul I of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, because of his Paternal Grandfather, Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. Anna was also the Great-grandniece of Adolf Frederick, King of Sweden. A year later, her father became Emperor of Russia, in 1796, November 17—1801, March 23. Her lifespan and Paul's lifespan are totally different, Anna had a long life and Paul I only have 46 years life.
Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands
Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands (29 June 1911 – 1 December 2004) was the prince consort of Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. He was the father of Beatrix of the Netherlands. He was born in Jena, Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, German Empire.
He died of lung cancer in Utrecht, Netherlands at the age of 93.
George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
Adelheid Emma Wilhelmina Theresia (Arolsen, 2 August 1858 – Den Haag, 20 March 1934), Princess of Orange-Nassau, Princess of Waldeck-Pyrmont, was the second wife of king William III of the Netherlands. She was married to him from 1879 until he died in 1890. After his death, she became Queen-Regent of the Netherlands because her daughter Wilhelmina was only 10 when her father died, and too young to reign.
Emma was the fourth of seven children. Her father was George Victor, king of Waldeck and Pyrmont, and her mother was Helena, Princess of Nassau-Weilburg. Her grandmother on her father's side, Emma of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym, was a grandchild of princess Carolina of Orange-Nassau and Karel Christiaan of Nassau-Weilburg. Her grandfather on her mother's side, Willem of Nassau-Weilburg, was also their grandchild. This means that Emma was related to the House of Orange-Nassau through two family connections.
The princess grew up in Schloss Arolsen in Germany. Her daughter, the later Queen Wilhelmina wrote in her autobiography that her mother's home life was very modern and well informed for that time.
The king was married before, to his cousin Sophie of Württemberg. She died in 1877. Their marriage was unhappy, they had lived apart since 1855. William III had a few relationships outside his first marriage. The newspapers even reported on his relationships with the American barmaid Elisa Parker and the opera singer Leonora d'Ambre from Paris.
After Sophie died, and the sons did not marry anyone, William thought it best to re-marry. That way, the family name of Orange would not die out. He met Sophie after going to her house to meet her older sister Pauline. He had also looked into marrying his niece Elisabeth van Saksen-Weimar-Eisenach.
When they were engaged in September 1878, Emma was 20 years old, and William was 61. They married on 7 January 1879, and on 31 August 1880, Wilhelmina was born.
The first years of the marriage were happy for Queen Emma. She liked to do woodcarving, and spent a lot of time in her workshop in Utrecht. She also spent a lot of time on taking care of her "Wimmy". But soon things changed. In 1884, William's youngest son Alexander died. He was 32 years old, and was not married. William's other sons had already died: Maurits in 1850 age 6, and William in 1879 aged 38. This meant that princess Wilhelmina would now be next in line to become Queen.
The princess was only three years old. The King was 65. Because of the age difference, the government voted for Emma to become "Regent". This meant that if the king died before Wilhelmina was 18 years old, Emma would do the job of Queen until Wilhelmina was old enough to take over.
The health of the King went downhill fast in 1888. In May the family moved from The Hague to their palace in the quiet of Apeldoorn. The king could no longer rule the country. The government voted that Queen Emma would be Regent, and she took the oath to rule for her husband on 20 November in The Hague. She ruled in his place for only three days; William died on 23rd November 1890. He was 73 years old. From that day, at 10 years old, Wilhelmina officially became the Queen. Emma became Queen-regent for her daughter until 1898.
Emma worked in the same way as her husband. She made sure she would meet all ministers once every fourteen days. Unlike her husband, she opened up for everyone who wanted to speak to her. She also opened a lot of the post that was sent to her personally. In her period as Queen-widow-regent, she had to reshuffle her cabinet three times. She found this a difficult task.
She also gave great care to raising her daughter. She wanted to make sure her daughter would be ready to be the queen.
Young Wilhelmina soon chose her own path when she became Queen. She tried to get away from her mother, but often had to rely on her good knowledge of protocol. At first they lived together in Palace Noordeinde. When Wilhelmina married, Emma moved to Palace Lange Voorhout. She was no longer involved in reigning the country but still would receive diplomats and other people as widow of the king.
She supported the work to stop tuberculosis, which was a disease many people died from at the time. Her sister Sophie had died from it too.
The next in line to the throne, Juliana, was born in 1909. The government again looked for a regent. They did not think Wilhelmina's husband Hendrik was good. Because they had good memories of Emma as regent, they requested that Emma again be Regent. Wilhelmina agreed, and from 1909 to 1927 (when Juliana would be 18) Emma once again was regent. This time it was not needed.
Emma died on 20th March 1934 from the complications of bronchitis.
Dajabón River
The River Dajabón is a river in the northern side of the Cordillera Central, Dominican Republic. It is 55 km long and flows to the north into the Manzanillo Bay, Atlantic Ocean.
The Taíno name of the river was "Guatapaná" but the Spanish people that came to live in the Hispaniola island called it Dajabón after the Taíno name of the region ("Dahaboon"). Because this river was the border between the two colonies of the island, there were many fights during the 16th and 17th centuries and many people died here; then the French people began to name the river Massacre, written sometimes Masacre in Spanish; massacre means the killing of many people.
The source of the Dajabón is at the "Pico de Gallo" mountain, on the northern side of the Cordillera Central mountain range. It flows through the Dajabón province and then form part of the limits between Haiti and the Dominican Republic. Its mouth is in the Manzanillo Bay, on the Atlantic Ocean.
Its discharge (volume of water which passes through a section of the river per unit of time) is 2.84 cubic metres per second at Don Miguel, a place a few kilometres south of the city of Dajabón.
The city of Dajabón is the most important Dominican city close to the river. It flows also through the city of Loma de Cabrera. The Haitian city of Ouanaminthe is also close to the river.
The most important tributary is the river "Capotillo" (in Haiti, river "Bernard"). There is not any important tributary in the lower part.
The river Capotillo is part of the northern border between Haiti and the Dominican Republic until it joins the river Dajabón between the cities of Loma de Cabrera and Dajabón. Then the border follows the course of the river Dajabón.
Vocational school
A vocational school is a school where students go to learn how to do a particular job. In the 1990s, trade schools have also added some focus on .
Technical school
Giardia lamblia
A colloquialism is a word that is not used in formal speech, writing or paralinguistics. Colloquialisms are also sometimes referred to collectively as "colloquial language". Colloquialisms or "colloquial language" is considered to be characteristic of or only appropriate for casual, ordinary, familiar, or informal conversation rather than formal speech or writing. Dictionaries often mark colloquial words and phrases with the abbreviation "colloq." as an identifier.
Bernard Dietz
Bernard Dietz (born 22 March, 1948) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
529||78
Rolf Rüssmann
Rolf Rüssmann (13 October, 1950 – 2 October, 2009) was a German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
453||48
464||48
Rainer Bonhof
Rainer Bonhof (born 29 March, 1952) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
311||57
60||10
371||67
!Total||53||9
Rüdiger Abramczik
Rüdiger Abramczik (born 18 February 1956) is a former German football player. He has played for the West Germany national team.
372||91
Herbert Zimmermann
Herbert Zimmermann (born 1 July, 1954) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
204||22
Heinz Flohe
Heinz Flohe (28 January 1948 – 15 June 2013) was a German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
343||80
!Total||39||8
Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck
Hans-Georg Schwarzenbeck (born 3 April, 1948) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
416||21
Harald Konopka
Harald Konopka (born 18 November, 1952) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
352||21
Dieter Müller
Dieter Müller (born 1 April, 1954) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
354||203
93||43
7||3
454||249
!Total||12||9
Erich Beer (born 9 December, 1946) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
426||121
!Total||24||7
Bernhard Cullmann
Bernhard Cullmann (born 1 November, 1949) is a German former football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
341||29
Bernd Hölzenbein
Bernd Hölzenbein (born 9 March, 1946) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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46||10
466||170
Gerd Zewe
Gerd Zewe (born 13 June 1950) is a former German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
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Ronald Worm
Ronald Worm (born 7 October, 1953) is a former German football player. He has played for the West German national team.
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!Total||7||5
Rudi Kargus
Rudolf Kargus (born 15 August, 1952) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
436||0
Dieter Burdenski
Dieter Burdenski (born 26 November, 1950) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
510||1
514||1
Helmut Schön
Helmut Schön (15 September, 1915 – 23 February 1996) was a German football player and coach. He played for the German national team. He is best known as coach of the German football national team from 1964 until 1978.
Schön was a striker. He played for Dresdner SC. With this team he won the German football championship in 1943 and 1944 and the cup in 1941 and 1942. He appeared 16 times for his country between 1937 and 1941. He shot 17 goals for the national football team.
From 1952 till 1956, Schön was the coach of the then independent Saarland. After the reunification with Germany in 1956 he became assistant coach to Sepp Herberger in the national team. He is best known as coach of the German football national team from 1964 - 1978. During his 14 years as national coach he reached 87 victories, 30 draws and 22 defeats in 139 matches.
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Horst-Dieter Höttges
Horst-Dieter Höttges (born 10 September, 1943) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
450||55
!Total||66||1
Herbert Wimmer
Herbert Wimmer (born 9 November 1944) is a former German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
366||51
Jürgen Grabowski
Jürgen Grabowski (born 7 July 1944) is a former German football player. He played for the West German national team.
441||109
Günter Netzer
Günter Netzer (born 14 September 1944) is a former German football player. He has played for Germany national team.
297||108
85||9
382||117
!Total||37||6
Jupp Heynckes
Jupp Heynckes (born 9 May 1945) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
394||243
!Total||39||14
Wolfgang Overath
Wolfgang Overath (born 29 September, 1943) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
409||84
!Total||81||17
Uli Hoeneß
Uli Hoeneß (born 5 January 1952) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team. He was a striker.
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Dieter Herzog
Dieter Herzog (born 15 July 1946) is a former German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
360||57
Jupp Kapellmann
Jupp Kapellmann (born 19 December, 1949) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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Helmut Kremers
Helmut Kremers (born 24 March, 1949) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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Norbert Nigbur
Norbert Nigbur (born 8 May, 1948) is a former German football player. He was a goalkeeper and has played six times for the West Germany national team.
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Wolfgang Kleff
Wolfgang Kleff (born 16 November, 1946) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
Kleff joined Borussia Mönchengladbach in 1968 and played for the team from 1968 to 1979. He also played for Hertha BSC, Fortuna Düsseldorf,Rot-Weiß Oberhausen, VfL Bochum and for the promoted FC Salmrohr in the Second Bundesliga. At this time he was 40 years old. At the end of his long career Wolfgang Kleff had played 433 matches in the Bundesliga and 56 games in the 2nd Bundesliga.
He was part of the German team for the UEFA Euro 1972 and the FIFA Worldcup 1974, both won by Germany. Due to the fact that Sepp Maier was number 1 goalkeeper he had only six matches during his international career.
With Borussia Mönchengladbach he played the UEFA Cup Final 1973 and the European Cup Final in 1977 (now Champions League). This finals were both lost against Liverpool F.C.. He won the Bundesliga five times (1970, 1971, 1975, 1976, 1977), one German Cup (1973) and two UEFA Cups (1975, 1979).
Even after the end of his professional career he played for different amateur clubs. His last match was 2008 as he played 35 minutes for FC Rheinbach at the age of 61.
489||0
Karl-Heinz Schnellinger (born 31 March, 1939) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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19||0
303||3
!Total||47||1
Willi Schulz (born 4 October, 1938) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
263||5
Wolfgang Weber
Wolfgang Weber (born 26 June, 1944) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
356||21
Helmut Haller
Helmut Haller (21 July 1939 - 11 October 2012) was a German football player. He played for West Germany national team. He was born in Augsburg, Bavaria and died there. He had dementia and Parkinson's disease.
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62||14
357||83
!Total||33||13
Sigfried Held
Sigfried Held (born 7 August 1942) is a former German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
542||101
Klaus Fichtel
Klaus Fichtel (born 19 November, 1944) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
594||14
Reinhard Libuda
Reinhard Libuda (10 October 1943 - 25 August 1996) was a German football player. He played for the West German national team.
289||36
16||3
305||39
!Total||26||3
Bernd Patzke
Bernd Patzke (born 14 March, 1943) was a German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
213||6
262||8
Max Lorenz (born 19 August, 1939) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
247||17
Hannes Löhr
Hannes Löhr (5 July 1942 – 29 February 2016) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
441||219
Klaus-Dieter Sieloff
Klaus-Dieter Sieloff (27 February 1942 – 13 December 2011) was a German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
347||40
Peter Dietrich (born 6 March, 1944) is a former German football player. He has played for the West German national team.
213||21
Manfred Manglitz
Manfred Manglitz (born 8 March, 1940) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
Horst Wolter
Horst Wolter (born 8 June, 1942) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
Frying pan
A frying pan, frypan, or skillet is a pan used for frying, searing, and browning foods. It is usually about 20 to 30 cm (8 to 12 inches) across. It is flat and has flared sides and no lid. It is almost always made of metal, such as iron or aluminum.
Huang Xianfan
Huang Xianfan (13 November 1899, China – 18 January 1982, People's Republic of China) was a Chinese historian, famous scholar and leader of the Bagui School and the Wunu School. He is considered by many to be the "Great Master of Zhuang Ethnic Research" for his writings about the ancient history of Zhuang Ethnic and Baiyue Ethnic.
During three periods of ethnic identification work after 1949, professors Fei Xiaotong, Huang Xianfan, Xia Kangnong and a lot of academic masters and scholars from anthropology and ethnic study circles made their great contributions. It was upon this research work of national ethnic identification that the State Council could be able to announce there are 56 ethnics in China. This was also a pioneering contribution to Chinese ethnic studies. In the mean time,the world ethnic study circles had noticed this and gave a great high comment. This was the reason that ethnic study circles called professor Huang a founder of modern Chinese ethnic studies.
Anaxandridas II
Anaxandridas II was a king of Sparta between 560 and 525 BC, and was the father of Leonidas I, king of Sparta.
Anaxandridas was a son of Leon of Sparta and also his successor. It is not known who Anaxandridas' mother is. His first wife was his niece.
Having a barren wife whom he would not divorce, the ephors, we are told, made him take with her a second. By her he had Cleomenes I, and after this, by his first wife he had Dorieus (father of Euryanas), famous Leonidas I, and Cleombrotus.
Foreign minister
A foreign minister is a person in a government whose job is to negotiate with leaders in other countries. In some countries, this person is called the foreign minister, but in other countries the person has another title. For example, in the United States, the top diplomat is called the Secretary of State.
A foreign minister's powers vary in different governments. In a general parliamentary system, a foreign minister forms foreign policy. But when the government has a strong prime minister the foreign minister may be may not determine policy himself.
Foreign ministers are also traditionally responsible for many diplomatic duties, such as hosting foreign world leaders. They also are responsible for going on state visits to other countries. The foreign minister is generally person who travels the most in any cabinet.
In the United Kingdom, the foreign minister is called the 'Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs' (or Foreign Secretary for short). Before 1968, the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs only handled relations with non-Commonwealth, countries. The relations with Commonwealth countries and colonies were handled by the Secretary of State for Commonwealth Affairs. So, in Commonwealth countries other than the United Kingdom, the ministers responsible for handling relations with both Commonwealth and non-Commonwealth countries were formerly usually designated ministers for 'External Affairs'.
In the United States, the foreign minister is called the 'Secretary of State'. He occupies the oldest cabinet post in the nation. The post originally had several domestic duties. Other common titles may include minister of foreign relations. In many Spanish-Speaking Latin American countries, the foreign minister is colloquially called canciller (chancellor).
Hans Tilkowski
Hans Tilkowski (12 July 1935 – 5 January 2020) was a German football player and manager. He played for West Germany national team.
Tilkowski died after a long-illness on 5 January 2020 at the age of 84.
Albert Brülls
Albert Brülls (born 26 March, 1937) is a former German football player. He has played for the West German national team.
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127||13
321||62
!Total||25||9
Lothar Emmerich
Lothar Emmerich (29 November 1941 - 13 August 2003) was a German football player. He played for West Germany national team.
346||197
68||42
58||41
472||280
Heinz Hornig
Heinz Hornig (born 28 September, 1937) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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Friedel Lutz
Friedel Lutz (born 21 January, 1939) is a former German football player. He has played for West Germany national team.
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