AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The color models can be classified as additive and subtractive.
In additive color models, such as RGB, white is the combination of all primary-colored lights, and black is the absence of any light. Other colors are a mix of different strength of primary colors.
Subtractive color models "subtract" or mask colors from white background of the paper. That is the ink reduces the reflected white light. White light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow. Such color models are usually used in printing. An example of such a model is CMYK color model.
Additive and subtractive color models are opposite.
Media that emit light (such as television) use color mixing with primary colors of red, green, and blue, each of which stimulates one of the three types of the eye's color receptors. This is called "RGB" color model. Mixtures of light of these primary colors cover a large part of the human color space.
RYB (an abbreviation of red–yellow–blue) is an additive color model that uses red, yellow, and blue pigments as primary colors in art and applied design. The RYB color model underpinned the color curriculum of the Bauhaus.
It is possible to achieve a large range of colors seen by humans by putting cyan, magenta, and yellow transparent dyes/inks on a white background. These are the "subtractive" primary colors. Often a fourth ink, black, is added to improve reproduction of some dark colors. This is called the "CMY" or "CMYK" color model.
The cyan ink absorbs red light but transmits green and blue, the magenta ink absorbs green light but transmits red and blue, and the yellow ink absorbs blue light but transmits red and green. The white substrate reflects the transmitted light back to the viewer.
A number of color models exist in which colors are fit into conic, cylindrical or spherical shapes, with neutral (gray) colors running from black to white along a central axis, and hues (tints) corresponding to angles around the perimeter. Models of this type date back to the 18th century, and continue to be developed in the most modern models.
Different color theorists have each designed unique color 3D shapes. Many are in the shape of a sphere. The color spheres invented by Phillip Otto Runge and Johannes Itten are typical examples and prototypes for many other color solid schematics.
HSL and HSV are both cylindrical, with hue, their angular dimension, starting at the red primary color at 0°, passing through the green primary at 120° and the blue primary at 240°, and then going back to red at 360°. In each, the central vertical axis comprises the "neutral", "achromatic", or "gray" colors, ranging from black at lightness 0 or value 0, the bottom, to white at lightness 1 or value 1, the top.
In an attempt to create an intuitive color mixing model, computer graphics pioneers at PARC and NYIT developed the HSV model in the mid-1970s, formally described by Alvy Ray Smith in the August 1978 issue of "Computer Graphics". In the same issue, Joblove and Greenberg described the HSL model—whose dimensions they labeled "hue", "relative chroma", and "intensity"—and compared it to HSV.
These models were useful not only because they were more intuitive than raw RGB values, but also because the conversions to and from RGB were extremely fast to compute: they could run in real time on the hardware of the 1970s. Consequently, these models and similar ones have become ubiquitous throughout image editing and graphics software since then.
Another influential older cylindrical color model is the early-20th-century Munsell color model. Albert Munsell began with a spherical model in his 1905 book "A Color Notation", but he wished to separate color-making attributes into separate dimensions, which he called "hue", "value", and "chroma. A"fter taking careful measurements of human perception, he realized that no symmetrical shape would fit. So he reorganized his system into a blob.
Munsell's system became extremely popular, the de facto reference for American color standards—used not only for specifying the color of paints and crayons, but also electrical wire, beer, and soil color—because it was organized based on human perception measurements. It specified colors via an easily learned and systematic triple of numbers. The color chips sold in the "Munsell Book of Color" covered a wide gamut and remained stable over time (rather than fading). The trouble with the Munsell system for computer graphics applications is that its colors are not specified via any set of simple equations, but only via its measurements: effectively a lookup table.
The Swedish Natural Color System (NCS), widely used in Europe, takes a similar approach to the Ostwald bi-cone. Because it attempts to fit color into a familiar shape based on "phenomenological" instead of photometric or psychological characteristics, it suffers from some of the same drawbacks as HSL and HSV: in particular, its lightness dimension differs from perceived lightness, because it forces colorful yellow, red, green, and blue into a plane.
Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)
Scooby-Doo (movie)
Scooby-Doo is a 2002 American comedy mystery movie based on the "Scooby-Doo" franchise.
It was directed by Raja Gosnell and starred Freddie Prinze, Jr., Sarah Michelle Gellar, Matthew Lillard, Linda Cardellini and Rowan Atkinson. It got bad reviews but was a box office hit and started a .
At a toy factory, Mystery Inc. has unmasked the Luna Ghost. The group except for Shaggy and Scooby quit. Two years later, they all got a letter from Emile Mondavarious to visit Spooky Island and solve a mystery there.
Many fans didn't like how adult-oriented the humor is but they did like Matthew Lillard's performance of Shaggy, which is why Casey Kasem picked Lillard as his successor for the cartoons.
Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed
Scooby-Doo 2: Monsters Unleashed is a 2004 American comedy mystery movie based on the "Scooby-Doo" franchise and a sequel to the 2002 movie.
It was directed by Raja Gosnell and starred Freddie Prinze, Jr., Sarah Michelle Gellar, Matthew Lillard and Linda Cardellini. It got both bad reviews and didn't make enough money.
Mystery Inc. attended the grand opening of the Coolsonian Criminology Museum, home of all the costumes unmasked by the group.
David Dunn
David Dunn is a fictional character. He first appeared in a 2000 movie called "Unbreakable".
David Dunn was a football player who quit and became a security guard in Philadelphia.
David Dunn has been portrayed by Bruce Willis in all three of his appearances.
Unbreakable (movie)
Whitehawk
Stanley Schumacher
Stanley Stanford Schumacher (June 12, 1933 – October 10, 2020) was a Canadian politician and lawyer. He was born in Hanna, Alberta. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party. Schumacher was a member of the Parliament of Canada between 1968 to 1979. He was also a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta between 1986 to 1997.
Schumacher died on October 10, 2020 in Drumheller, Alberta at the age of 87.
Raimundo Garcia
Raimundo García (27 May 1936 – 13 October 2020) was an Argentine chess master. He was born in Buenos Aires.
García won at Mar del Plata 1962 ("Torneo Latino-americano"), and was Argentine Champion in 1963.
In 1963 he won a match against Samuel Schweber (3 : 2) in Buenos Aires, tied for 7-9th at Fortaleza 1963 (zonal, Rossetto won), and took 10th at Buenos Aires 1964 (Paul Keres won).
Garcia died on 13 October 2020 in Buenos Aires, aged 84.
Oscar Panno
Oscar Roberto Panno (born 17 March 1935) is an Argentine chess Grandmaster. Panno was the first top world chess player born in South America. Panno won the 2nd World Junior Chess Championship in 1953. Panno was born in Buenos Aires.
Panno has several successes at the tournaments at Mar del Plata. He won the international tournaments in 1954 and 1969 (shared with Miguel Najdorf), and the open tournaments in 1986, 1988, and 1994.
Panno played eleven times for Argentina in Chess Olympiads (1954–58, 1962, 1966–70, 1976, 1986–88, 1992). The 1954 Olympiad team won the Silver medal, while the 1958 and 1962 teams won the Bronze medal.
Ab Krook
Ab Krook (18 June 1944 – 13 October 2020) was a Dutch speed skating coach between 1977 and 2006. He was also a speed skater between 1967 and 1971. He competed at Dutch National Championships, but never reached the top. He was born in Oud-Loosdrecht, Netherlands.
He was coach during eight Winter Olympics and later served as a coordinator. Among others he coached Annie Borckink winning the Olympic gold medal and Ria Visser the silver medal at the 1980 Winter Olympics. He coached Bart Veldkamp winning gold at the 1992 Winter Olympics.
Krook had a cerebral infarction in 2018. He died from problems caused by a second infarction on 13 October 2020 in Blaricum, Netherlands, aged 76.
William Keir Carr
Lieutenant General William Keir "Bill" Carr, CMM, DFC, OStJ, CD (March 19, 1923 – October 14, 2020) was a Canadian Air Force officer. He was called the father of the modern Canadian Air Force. He was born in Grand Bank, Dominion of Newfoundland. He became Deputy Chief of the Defence Staff in 1973 and the first Commander, Air Command in 1975 before retiring from active duty in 1978.
Carr died on October 14, 2020 at the age of 97.
Lance Carson
Lance Allen Carson (December 3, 1945 – October 14, 2020) was an American Republican politician. He was a member of the South Dakota House of Representatives representing District 20 from 2007 to 2015 and 2017 to 2019. Carson was born in Nunda, South Dakota.
Carson died of COVID-19 on October 14, 2020 in Pierre, South Dakota at age 74.
James Jungius
Vice Admiral Sir James George Jungius KBE DL (15 November 1923 – 14 October 2020) was a Royal Navy officer. He became Deputy Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic in 1975. Jungius was promoted to rear admiral on 7 July 1972 and appointed Assistant Chief of the Naval Staff (Operational Requirements) the same year.
He died on 14 October 2020 at the age of 96.
Carlos Mesa
Jorge Quiroga
Jorge Fernando Quiroga Ramírez (born May 5, 1960) nicknamed Tuto Quiroga is a Bolivian politician who was President of Bolivia from August 7, 2001 to August 6, 2002. Quiroga was a candidate in the 2014 presidential election for the Christian Democratic Party.
He was appointed as vice president of the Club de Madrid in 2011.
Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé
Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé (born March 2, 1956) is a Bolivian politician and lawyer. During the 2005 political crisis in Bolivia, he was President of Bolivia for a short time. He was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court between 2004 to 2005.
In 2010, Rodriguez has been charged with treason. He was charged with treason in 2006, which carries a 30-year prison term. He has since been cleared of all charges.
Danil Khalimov
Danil Takhirovich Khalimov (6 July 1978 – 15 October 2020) was an amateur Kazakh Greco-Roman wrestler. He competed in the men's middleweight category.
Khalimov qualified for his naturalized Kazakh squad in the men's 74 kg class at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens.
He died on October 2020 at the age of 42 from COVID-19 in Kazakhstan.
Mauricio Mata
Mauricio Mata (12 April 1939 – 15 October 2020) was a Mexican cyclist. He competed in three events at the 1960 Summer Olympics. He was born in San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Mata died on 15 October 2020 in Aguascalientes, Mexico at the age of 81.
Warren Mitchell (basketball)
Warren Eugene Mitchell Sr. (April 1, 1933 – October 15, 2020) was an American college basketball coach. He was the head coach for the William & Mary Tribe men's basketball team from 1966 to 1972. He was born in Lynchburg, Virginia.
Mitchell died in Midlothian, Virginia on October 15, 2020 from COVID-19 and problems caused by dementia at the age of 87.
SYRIZA
SYRIZA (Greek: ΣΥΡΙΖΑ) is a left-wing party in Greece. The name stands for Synaspismós Rizospastikís Aristerás - Proodeftikí Symmachía (which translates to Coalition of the Radical Left - Progressive Alliance). It started in 2004 as an associaton of different parties. In 2014, it was made a party in its own right. In 2015, it won the most votes, more than its rival Nea Dimokratia. Alexis Tsipras is the head of the party. He was prime minister from 2015 to 2019.
Midlothian, Virginia
Murder of Samuel Paty
The murder of Samuel Paty was a terrorist attack that took place on 16 October 2020 in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine, near Paris. Paty was a French secondary school teacher, and he was killed and then beheaded by an Islamist terrorist, Abdoullakh Abouyedovich Anzorov. Anzorov killed Paty after a "hate campaign" on social media. A student at the school where Paty taught lied about Paty's teaching, and the student's father started the hate campaign.
Paty showed his students "Charlie Hebdo"'s 2012 cartoons showing Muhammad in a class on freedom of speech. A girl who was not in the class lied about what the teacher taught, and her father made a complaint to the police. He also started the internet "hate campaign" against Paty that caused Anzorov to kill Paty. The murder happened during the trial of other terrorists who were part of the "Charlie Hebdo" shooting in 2015.
The killers in the 2015 shooting were against "Charlie Hebdo"'s 2012 cartoons showing Muhammad. After Paty showed these cartoons in a class about freedom of speech, an Islamist imam wrote a "fatwa" ("an opinion on Muslim law") against Paty which called for his punishment. Anzorov killed Paty and put a picture of his head on Twitter. Many of Paty's students saw the picture. Anzorov said that he had "executed" Paty and addressed his words and the picture of Paty's head to Emmanuel Macron, the president of the French Republic. The police shot Anzorov dead a few minutes after the murder.
President Macron said that the event was "a typical Islamist terrorist attack", and that "our compatriot was killed for teaching children freedom of speech".
On 6 October, Samuel Paty was teaching a lesson on dilemmas. The lesson was about the magazine "Charlie Hebdo"'s cartoons of Muhammad and the 2015 "Charlie Hebdo" shooting. (In January 2015, Islamist terrorists attacked the office of the magazine and killed 12 people.) Paty showed the class of 13- and 14-year-olds the cartoons but said that Muslim students, who might be shocked, could close their eyes or leave the room if they wanted.
A 13-year-old girl at Paty's school was often truant and failed to go to her lessons. Because of her absences, the school suspended the girl. She did not want her father, Brahim Chnina, to know about her bad behaviour. On 8 October the girl lied to her father that Paty had ordered Muslim students in his lesson on 6 October to leave the room. She said the teacher then showed the other students "a photograph of the Prophet naked". She said that Paty sent her home for two days because she disagreed with him. The girl was not in the lesson.
Brahim Chnina, the girl's father, was 48 years old and was born in Morocco. When his daughter told him her story, Chnina made an angry video which he put on Facebook. In the video, he demanded that the school fire Paty from his job. Chnina made another angry video in which he accused Paty of "discrimination". Chnina made complaints to the school and to the police. He said Paty was "diffusing a pornographic image". Chnina said that Paty had ordered Muslim students to lift their hands and then leave the room while Paty showed the class the image. Chnina also said there was Islamophobia at the school. He said that other parents should help him force the school to fire Paty. He sent these videos to the organization Collective Against Islamophobia in France () and to his local mosque. Chnina said the same things on radio as well.
Johnny Bush
Johnny Bush (February 17, 1935 – October 16, 2020) was an American country music singer-songwriter, and musician. Bush was best known for his voice and for writing the song "Whiskey River", a top 10 hit.
Bush died at a hospital in San Antonio, Texas, on October 16, 2020 from problems caused by pneumonia, aged 85.
Anthony Chisholm
Anthony Chisholm (April 9, 1943 – October 16, 2020) was an American actor. He was a nominated for a Tony Award for Best Supporting Actor in a play, for his role of Elder Joseph Barlow in August Wilson's "Radio Golf". He also performed on Broadway in August Wilson's "Gem of the Ocean". He was born in Cleveland, Ohio.
Chisholm died on October 16, 2020 in Montclair, New Jersey at the age of 77.
Odore Joseph Gendron
Odore Joseph Gendron (September 13, 1921 – October 16, 2020) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was Bishop of Manchester from 1975 to 1990. Gendron was born in Manchester, New Hampshire.
Gendron died in Manchester on October 16, 2020 at the age of 99. At the time of his death he was the oldest living Catholic bishop in the United States.
Gordon Haskell
Gordon Haskell (27 April 1946 – 16 October 2020) was an English musician and singer-songwriter. He was a school friend of King Crimson guitarist Robert Fripp, the two first working together in Fripp's mid-1960s teenage group the League of Gentlemen.
Haskell became known as bass player for the British band The Fleur de Lys, and subsequently spent a short period in King Crimson, singing one of the songs on their second album and both singing and playing bass on their third album.
Haskell died on 16 October 2020 at the age of 74.
Joaquín Pardo
Joaquín Pardo (28 February 1946 – 16 October 2020) was a Colombian footballer. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1968 Summer Olympics. He played for the national team.
Pardo died on 16 October 2020 at the age of 74.
Andrzej Pogorzelski
Andrzej Pogorzelski (12 October 1938 – 16 October 2020) was a Polish motorcycle speedway rider and coach. He was born in Leszno, Poland.
Andrzej won 3 bronze medals in the Polish Individual Speedway Championship (1964, 1965, 1966). He also won the Golden Helmet tournament in 1966, in 1964 " (2nd place), " 1965 " (2nd place) " and 1969 " (2nd place), " and was finalist in the Silver Helmet tournament of the season 1962 " (3rd place). "
Pogorzelski died on 16 October 2020, aged 82.
Abdul Aziz Shamsuddin
Abdul Aziz bin Shamsuddin (10 June 1938 – 16 October 2020) was a Malaysian politician. He was Minister of Rural and Regional Development from 27 March 2004 to 18 March 2008. Between 2004 to 2008, he was a member of the Parliament of Malaysia. Shamsuddin was born in Gopeng, Malaysia.
Shamsuddin died on 16 October 2020 in Kuala Lumpur at the age of 82.
Palestinian Legislative Council
The Palestinian Legislative Council (PLC) is the unicameral legislature of the Palestinian Authority, elected by the Palestinian residents of the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
It is made up of 132 members, elected from 16 electoral districts of the Palestinian Authority.
Frederick Azzopardi
Azzopardi died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 71 following an illness.
Aurora Chamorro
Aurora Chamorro (11 June 1954 – 17 October 2020) was a Spanish swimmer. She participated in the 1970 European Aquatics Championships, the 1973 World Aquatics Championships and the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.
Chamorro died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 66.
Lucien De Brauwere
Lucien De Brauwere (10 June 1951 – 17 October 2020) was a Belgian cyclist. He competed in the individual road race at the 1972 Summer Olympics. He was born in Oudenaarde, Belgium.
De Brauwere died on 17 October 2020 in Petegem-aan-de-Schelde, Belgium, aged 69.
Yusop Jikiri
Yusop Jikiri (1951 – 17 October 2020) was a Filipino politician. He was a Leader within the Moro National Liberation Front (MNLF). From 2001 to 2004, he was Governor of Sulu Province in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). He also was a representative from Sulu's 1st District (2007–10) and ran again in 2010, but lost to Tupay Loong.
Jikiri died on 17 October 2020 at the age of 66.
Toshinori Kondo
Kondo died on October 17, 2020 in Kawasaki City, Japan, aged 71.
Peter Brötzmann
Peter Brötzmann (born 6 March 1941) is a German free jazz saxophonist and clarinetist.
Brötzmann has appeared on over 100 albums.
Takna Jigme Sangpo
Takna Jigme Sangpo (1926 – 17 October 2020) was the longest-serving political prisoner of Tibetan ethnicity. He spent 37 years in a prison near Lhasa.
He was first imprisoned in 1965, he was released from prison on a medical parole on 31 March 2002 having reached the age of 76. He resided in the Drapchi Prison.
Michael Strauss
Michael Strauss (; 1 May 1934 – 17 October 2020) was a German-born Israeli businessman. He was born in Ulm, Germany. His career began in 1958 and he retired in 2001. He was Chairman and President of Strauss Group. His net worth was US$950 million in 2006.
Strauss died on 17 October 2020 in Jerusalem at the age of 86.
Matt Drudge
John Archibald Wheeler
John Archibald Wheeler (July 9, 1911April 13, 2008) was an American theoretical physicist. He was known for his interest in general relativity in the United States. Wheeler also worked with Niels Bohr in explaining the basic principles behind nuclear fission.
He is best known for using the term "black hole" and for inventing the terms "quantum foam", "neutron moderator", "wormhole" and "it from bit", and for hypothesizing the "one-electron universe".
On April 13, 2008, Wheeler died of pneumonia at the age of 96 in Hightstown, New Jersey.
Hightstown, New Jersey
Hightstown is a borough in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the borough's population was 5,494.
John P. Wheeler III
John Parsons Wheeler III (December 14, 1944 –c. December 30, 2010), known as Jack Wheeler, was an American Vietnam War veteran and businessman. He was born in Laredo, Texas.
He was chairman of the Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund, senior planner for Amtrak (1971–1972), official of the Securities and Exchange Commission (1978–1986), chief executive and CEO of Mothers Against Drunk Driving, consultant to the Mitre Corporation (2009–death), and a presidential aide to the Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, and George W. Bush administrations.
Wheeler was murdered on December 30, 2010 near Wilmington, Delaware at the age of 66. The events and people involved in his murder is unsolved.
Michael Wynne
Michael Walter Wynne (born September 4, 1944) is an American politician and businessman. He was the 21st United States Secretary of the Air Force between 2005 to 2008.
He was forced to resign because of the 2007 United States Air Force nuclear weapons incident and the mistaken shipment of Minuteman III parts to Taiwan in 2006.
Jeffrey Ross Toobin (; born May 21, 1960) is an American lawyer, blogger, author and was a legal analyst for CNN and "The New Yorker" until 2020. He was suspended from CNN and fired from the New Yorker after masturbating on camera during an official video call.
He was an associate counsel in the Department of Justice, and moved from government into writing during the 1990s.
Toobin has written several books, including an account of the O. J. Simpson murder case. That book was adapted as a TV series, "," which aired in 2016 as the first season of FX "American Crime Story"; it won nine Emmy Awards.
The Killers Are Our Guests
David Bale
David Charles Howard Bale (2 September 1941 – 30 December 2003) was an English entrepreneur and an environmentalist animal rights activist. He was the father of actor Christian Bale and the husband of Gloria Steinem.
Zee Thirai
Tomás Herrera Martínez
Tomás Herrera Martinez (December 21, 1950 – October 18, 2020) was a Cuban basketball player. He won the bronze medal with the men's national team at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.
Martinez died on October 18, 2020 at the age of 69.
Fannie Mae
The Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA), commonly known as Fannie Mae, is a United States government-sponsored enterprise (GSE) and, since 1968, a publicly traded company. It founded in 1938 during the Great Depression as part of the New Deal.
Its sister organization is the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), better known as Freddie Mac. As of 2018, Fannie Mae is ranked number 21 on the "Fortune" 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations by total revenue.
Stanisław Kogut
Stanisław Kogut (29 October 1953 – 18 October 2020) was a Polish politician and trade union activist. He was a member of the Polish Senate between 2005 to 2019. He also was a member of the Law and Justice party. Kogut was born in Biała Niżna, Poland.
Kogut died from COVID-19 on 18 October 2020 in Gorlice, Poland, aged 67.
Beki İkala Erikli
Beki İkala Erikli (born Beki Çukran, 1968 – December 15, 2016) was a Turkish Jewish author of self-help books. She was shot to death in Istanbul on December 16, 2016.
In computer graphics and photography, the gamut, or color gamut , is a certain "subset" of colors. Most often it is a subset of colors, which can be accurately represented by some output device.
Another sense refers to the complete set of colors found within an image.
The term "gamut" was adopted from music, where in middle age Latin "gamut" meant the entire range of musical notes of which musical melodies are composed. In the 1850s, the term was used for a range of colors or hue, for example by Thomas De Quincey, who wrote "Porphyry, I have heard, runs through as large a gamut of hues as marble."
In color theory, the gamut of a device is the portion of the color space that it can show.
When certain colors cannot be presented within a particular color model, those colors are said to be "out of gamut".
While processing a digital image, an image is usually recorded in RGB color model. When printing such image has to be converted from an original RGB color space to the printer's CMYK color space. During this process, the colors, which are out of printer's gamut are converted to to the in-gamut colors. So, the final image is an approximation of the original one.
Gamuts are commonly represented as areas in the full visible range of colors. The full range of colors is usually shown as CIE 1931 chromaticity diagram shaped like a horseshoe.
The gamut depends on the brightness. So a full gamut is represented in 3D space.
The list contains some typical devices, wich show pictures, ranging from large to small color gamut:
Prime Minister of Bhutan
The Prime Minister of Bhutan (Lyonchhen) is the head of government of Bhutan.
Carbon–hydrogen bond
The carbon-hydrogen bond (C–H bond) is a bond between carbon and hydrogen atoms. It can be found in many organic compounds. This bond is a covalent bond. Carbon–hydrogen bonds have a bond length of about 1.09 Å (1.09 × 10 m). It has a bond energy of about 413 kJ/mol. Using Pauling's scale—C (2.55) and H (2.2)—the electronegativity difference between the carbon and hydrogen atoms is 0.35.
Alevism
Alevism is a movement that originated in Anatolia in the 13th and 14th century. In Turkey, Alevites are the second-largest religious group, with up to 15% of the population. Alevites accept most of the teachings of Shia Islam, so they are sometimes seen as a group within Shia Islam. During history, Alevites have been persecuted, so there are no official figures of how many Alevites there are.
Ilana Rovina
Ilana Rovina (January 30, 1934 – October 18, 2020) was an Israeli singer and actress. Rovina was one of Israel's first pop stars in the '50s and '60s and released a string of hits. Rovina was born on January 30, 1934 in Jerusalem. She was an actress and known for her role in "I Like Mike" (1961).
Rovina died on October 18, 2020 from COVID-19 in Tel Aviv, aged 86.
David Kushnir
David Kushnir (דוד קושניר; June 21, 1931 – October 18, 2020) was an Israeli Olympic long-jumper and track and field coach. He was born in Afula, Mandatory Palestine. When Kushnir competed in the Olympics he was 5-8 (173 cm) tall and weighed 163 lbs (74 kg).
Joseph Mar Thoma
Joseph Mar Thoma Metropolitan (27 June 1931 – 18 October 2020) (Syriac:ܡܺܝܛܪܳܦܽܠܶܝܬܳܐ ܕܟܽܘܪܣܝܳܐ ܫܠܺܝܚܳܝܳܐ ܕܡܰܠܰܒܰܪ ܐܰܒܽܘܢ ܝܰܘܣܶܝܦ ܡܳܪܝ̱ ܬܳܐܘܡܳܐ܀) was an Indian religious prelate. He was the 21st Marthoma Metropolitan and primate of the Mar Thoma Syrian Church headquartered in Kerala, India. He was born in Maramon, British Raj. He was the President of the National Council of Churches in India, Senior President of CCA, and the chairman of CASA.
Thoma died on 18 October 2020 in Thiruvalla, Kerala from pancreatic cancer, aged 89.
Naâma (singer)
Naâma () (27 February 1934 – 18 October 2020) was a Tunisian singer. She was named "Naâma" (meaning grace in Tunisian Arabic) by the Master Tunisian composer Salah Al Mahdi. Naâma became her stage name which she kept until she retired in late 1990s.
She was born in Azmour, in the North of Tunisia. Naâma died on 18 October 2020 after a long illness in Tunis, aged 86.
José Padilla (DJ)
José Padilla (1955 – 18 October 2020) was a Spanish disc jockey and producer of ambient music. He was best known for his work as DJ in the Café del Mar bar on the island of Ibiza. He was born in Barcelona, Spain. His career began in 1978.
In July 2020, Padilla was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. He died in Ibiza on 18 October 2020 from the disease, aged 64.
Arvin Reingold
Arvin Harold Reingold (July 22, 1930 – October 18, 2020) was an American politician and lawyer. Reingold was in the Tennessee House of Representatives from 1963 to 1965 and was a Democrat.
Reingold was born in New York City. He moved to Chattanooga, Tennessee. Reingold died in Atlanta, Georgia at the age of 90.
Gérard Sulon
Gérard Sulon (3 April 1938 – 18 October 2020) was a Belgian footballer who played as a midfielder.
Sulon played for RFC Liège, CS Schaerbeek, Beerschot VAV and Crossing Schaerbeek.
He also played for the Belgian national team between 1964 and 1965.
Sulon died on 18 October 2020, aged 82.
Saeb Erekat
Saeb Muhammad Salih Erekat (also "Erifat" or "Erakat" or "Arekat"; "Ṣāʼib ʻUrayqāt" or "ʻRēqāt"; 28 April 1955 – 10 November 2020) was a Palestinian politician and diplomat. He is the Secretary General of the Executive Committee of the PLO since 2015. He was chief of the PLO Steering and Monitoring Committee until 12 February 2011.
He negotiated the Oslo Accords with Israel and remained chief negotiator from 1995 until May 2003, when he resigned in protest from the Palestinian government. He has been a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council since 1996.
On 9 October 2020, Erekat tested positive for COVID-19. He was at high risk for the illness, because he had a lung transplant in 2017. On 18 October 2020, he was sent to the Israeli Hadassah Ein Karem hospital in Jerusalem in critical condition. Erekat died of complications from COVID-19 on 10 November 2020, aged 65.
Hiroh Kikai
He was best known within Japan for four series of monochrome photographs: scenes of buildings in and close to Tokyo, portraits of people in the Asakusa area of Tokyo, and rural and town life in India and Turkey.
Kikai died of lymphoma on 19 October 2020 at the age of 75.
Enzo Mari
Enzo Mari (April 27, 1932 – October 19, 2020) was an Italian modernist artist and furniture designer. He was inspired by the arts and crafts movement, and his political views as a communist. Mari was born in Novara, Italy.
In the 1970s, he founded the Nuova Tendenza art movement as a professor at Società Umanitaria, also in Milan. Also in that decade, he designed the Sof Sof chair and the "Box" chair.
Mari died on October 19, 2020 in Milan from COVID-19 at the age of 88.
Joan Mesquida
Joan Mesquida Ferrando (6 December 1962 – 19 October 2020) was a Spanish politician. He was a member of the Congress of Deputies for a short time in 2019. He was the Director-General of the Spanish National Police and Civil Guard from 2006 to 2008. Mesquida was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.
Mesquida died of cancer in Palma de Mallorca, Spain on 19 October 2020, aged 57.
Jill Paton Walsh
Jill Paton Walsh (29 April 1937 – October 2020) was an English novelist and children's writer. She was born in London. Walsh was known for her books "Knowledge of Angels", "A Presumption of Death" and "The Attenbury Emeralds".
Walsh died in London in October 2020 at the age of 83.
Iqbal F. Qadir
Vice-Admiral Iqbal Fazl Quadir (Urdu:اقبال فضل قادر) , (died 19 October 2020) was a Pakistani three-star rank admiral in the Navy, diplomat and analyst. He was known for his participation in second war. He was the Ambassador to Iran between 1983 to 1985.
Qadir died on 19 October 2020.
Aribinda
Arbinda (also spelled Aribinda) is the capital town of the Arbinda Department of Soum Province in northern Burkina Faso. The town has a population of 9,790 as of 2012. Arbinda is also known for its ancient airport, which is now likely abandoned.
On 24 December 2019, a group of militants attacked civilians and a military base in Arbinda in one of Burkina Faso's deadliest attacks. At least 122 people were killed, including 35 civilians, 7 soldiers, and 80 attackers.
2020 Thai protests
The ongoing 2020 Thai protests are a series of protests against the government of Prime Minister Prayut Chan-o-cha, which have included demands for reform of the Thai monarchy.
The protests were initially caused by the ending of the Future Forward Party in late February 2020. The party was critical of Prayut. This first wave of protests was held on academic campuses and stopped by the COVID-19 pandemic.
The protests started again on 18 July in a large demonstration organized under the Free Youth umbrella at the Democracy Monument.
Following mass protests on 14 October, a "severe" state of emergency, which gave more emergency powers to the authorities compared to those given by the Emergency Decree since March, was declared in Bangkok on the 15, citing the alleged blocking of a royal motorcade.
Protests continued despite the ban, prompting a crackdown by police on 16 October.
Maurice Houdayer
Maurice Houdayer (18 July 1931 – 1 October 2020) was a French rower. He competed at the 1956 European Rowing Championships in Bled, Yugoslavia, with the men's eight where they won the silver medal.
He was part of the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne with the men's eight, finishing in eighth place.
Houdayer died on 1 October 2020 at the age of 89.
Jana Andresíková
Jana Andresíková (2 April 1941 – 19 October 2020) was a Czech actress. Andresíková was born in Kroměříž, Czech Republic. She was known for her roles in "The Young Man and Moby Dick" (1979), "Giorgino" (1994) and "Arabela" (1979–1981).
Andresíková died on 19 October 2020 from COVID-19 in Mělník, Czech Republic at the age of 79.
Luigi Franza
Luigi Franza (24 February 1939 – 19 October 2020) was an Italian politician and lawyer. Franza was a member of the Italian Democratic Socialist Party. Franza was a member of the Italian Senate between 1983 to 1994.
Franza died on 19 October 2020 in Ariano Irpino, Italy at the age of 81.
Theodosius (Lazor)
Metropolitan Theodosius (secular name Frank Lazor; October 27, 1933October 19, 2020) was the primate of the Orthodox Church in America (OCA) from 1977 until his retirement in 2002. He retired due to bad health. He was born in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania.
Theodosius died in Canonsburg from problems caused by multiple strokes on October 19, 2020, aged 86.
Canonsburg, Pennsylvania
Canonsburg is a borough in Washington County, Pennsylvania, southwest of Pittsburgh. The population was 8,992 at the 2010 census.
Bruno Martini
Bruno Martini (25 January 1962 – 20 October 2020) was a French footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
He played for Auxerre between 1981 to 1995. He also played for the national team from 1987 to 1996. Martini represented the nation in two European Championships.
Martini died on 20 October 2020 of cardiac arrest caused by heart failure in Montpellier, aged 58.
Challuy
Challuy is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.
Paul Murphy
Paul Murphy may refer to:
Paul Murphy (Massachusetts politician)
Paul Maurice Murphy (February 24, 1932 – January 22, 2020) was an American politician and judge. He was born in Brockton, Massachusetts. He was a member of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives between 1961 to 1970 and again from 1971 to 1974.
Murphy died on January 22, 2020 in Osterville, Massachusetts at the age of 88.
Mangalya Dosham
Mangalya Dosham, "Mangalya Dhosham" or Mangalya Sandhosham, is an Indian Tamil language television show. It is a horror and thriller drama. It aired on Colors TamilThe series starred Lakshmipriya, Arun Padmanabhan and Ravi Tej. It is a supernatural story based on the movie Arundhati.
This series had more than 100 episodes. Then Colors Tamil and the series team decided change the name of the show from Mangalya Dosham to Mangalya Sandhosham'
A Zamindar family lives in Manikkapuram. A commoner named Raghuvaran was in love with Zamindar's daughter Nayanthara. But when Raghuvaran proposed this idea to the courtiers, they threw him out. Nayanthara married someone else. On her wedding day, the groom tied the sacred thread on Nayanthara, but that night, Raghuvaran killed the groom. Raghuvaran was caught and executed by hanging. Before he died, Raghuvaran promised that in every lifetime he would follow Nayanthara to get her marry him.
After many years, Nayanthara was reincarnated and reborn as Nithya who is born with Mangalya Dosha from her previous birth. She is a Bharathanatyam dancer. Tarun is a doctor who falls in love with Nithya at first sight. Raghuvaran comes as a ghost who haunts Nithya in many ways. Tarun and Nithya's agree to get married, but Deepika doesn't want Nithya to marry Tarun, so she tries to separate them. The rest of the story shows Nithya and Tarun trying to live together even though the of Raghuvaran does not want them to.
Paul Murphy (Australian journalist)
Paul Murphy (1942/1943 – 20 October 2020) was an Australian political journalist and radio and television presenter. He presented the ABC's afternoon radio current affairs program "PM" from 1983 to 1993.
Murphy was a regular guest on "This Sporting Life". He was the first host of the SBS-TV current affairs program "Dateline," and presented the program for a decade.
In the 1994 Australia Day Honours Murphy was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) for "service to public broadcasting and to journalism".
Murphy died from cancer on 20 October 2020, aged 77.
Irina Skobtseva
Irina Konstantinovna Skobtseva (; 22 August 1927 – 20 October 2020) was a Soviet and Russian actress. She was the second wife of Sergei Bondarchuk. Skobtseva was born in Tula, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union.
Her career began in 1955. Her best known works were in "War and Peace", "Othello" and "Walking the Streets of Moscow". In 1974, she was honored with People's Artist of the RSFSR.
Skobtseva died on 20 October 2020 in Moscow, aged 93.
Gran Torino is a 2008 American drama movie produced by Clint Eastwood, who also starred in the movie. The movie co-stars Christopher Carley, Bee Vang, John Carroll Lynch and Ahney Her. This was Eastwood's first starring role since 2004's "Million Dollar Baby". It is set in Highland Park, Michigan.
The movie is about Walt Kowalski, a recently widowed Korean War veteran who is left alone by his family and angry at the world. Walt's young neighbor, Thao Vang Lor, is pressured by his cousin into stealing Walt's 1972 Ford Gran Torino to be part of a local gang. Walt stops the theft and later becomes friends with the boy and his family.
"Gran Torino" was released on January 9, 2009. The movie had strong positive reviews.
Johann Arfvedson
Johan August Arfwedson (12 January 1792 – 28 October 1841) was a Swedish chemist. He discovered lithium in 1817 by isolating it as a salt.
Arfwedson was born in January 12, 1792. His family was very rich. His father was Jacob Arfwedson and his mother was Anna Elisabeth Holtermann. Arfwedson became a student at the Uppsala University in 1803. He completed a degree in Law in 1809 and a second degree in mineralogy in 1812. Later in the year, he received an position in the Royal Board of Mines.
In Stockholm, Arfwedson knew the chemist Jöns Jakob Berzelius. He got access to his private laboratory, which is where he discovered lithium in 1817, during analysis of the mineral petalite.
He was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1821.
Million Dollar Baby is a 2004 American sports drama movie directed, co-produced, and scored by Clint Eastwood from a screenplay written by Paul Haggis. It is based on short stories by F.X. Toole.
It stars Eastwood, Hilary Swank, and Morgan Freeman.
"Million Dollar Baby" was theatrically released on December 15, 2004, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received critical acclaim and grossed $216.8 million. The movie won four Academy Awards for Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actress (for Swank), and Best Supporting Actor (for Freeman).
Sergei Bondarchuk
Sergei Fedorovich Bondarchuk (; ; Ukrainian: Сергі́й Фе́дорович Бондарчу́к, "Serhiy Fedorovych Bondarchuk"; 25 September 192020 October 1994) was a Soviet and Russian actor, movie director, and screenwriter. He is known for his historical dramas such as the 4-part movie version of Leo Tolstoy's "War and Peace" and the Napoleonic War epic "Waterloo".
The Devil All the Time (movie)
The Devil All the Time is a 2020 American psychological thriller movie directed by Antonio Campos. It is based on the novel of the same name by Donald Ray Pollock.
It stars Tom Holland, Harry Melling, Bill Skarsgård, Riley Keough, Jason Clarke, Sebastian Stan, Haley Bennett, Eliza Scanlen, with Mia Wasikowska and Robert Pattinson.
"The Devil All the Time" was released in select theaters on September 11, 2020, and digitally on Netflix on September 16, 2020. It received mixed reviews from critics.
Donald Ray Pollock
Donald Ray Pollock (born December 23, 1954) is an American writer. He first published his collection of short stories, "Knockemstiff", in 2008.
His debut novel, "The Devil All the Time", was published in 2011. He was the narrator of the movie version in 2020.
Greta Gerwig
Greta Celeste Gerwig (; born August 4, 1983) is an American actress and filmmaker. She starred in "Hannah Takes the Stairs" (2007) and "Nights and Weekends" (2008).
She also starred in "Greenberg" (2010), "Frances Ha" (2012) and "Mistress America" (2015).
Gerwig also directed "Lady Bird" (2017) and "Little Women" (2019), both of which earned nominations for the Academy Award for Best Picture.
Noah Baumbach
William Kunstler
William Moses Kunstler (July 7, 1919 – September 4, 1995) was an American lawyer and civil rights activist. He was known for defending the Chicago Seven.
Kunstler was an active member of the National Lawyers Guild, a board member of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the co-founder of the Law Center for Constitutional Rights (CCR), the "leading gathering place for radical lawyers in the country".
St. Johns, Michigan
St. Johns is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 7,865 at the 2010 census. It is the county seat of Clinton County.
Monee, Illinois
Monee is a village in Will County, Illinois, United States. The population was 5,148 at the 2010 census.
Christian Gmelin
Christian Gottlob Gmelin (12 October 1792 – 13 May 1860) was a German chemist. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. He was a grandson of Johann Konrad Gmelin and a great-grandson of Johann Georg Gmelin.
Christian was born in October 12, 1792. He was born in Tübingen, Germany. In 1818, Gmelin was one of the first to observe that lithium salts give a bright red color in a flame. Gmelin later died in Tübingen, Germany, where he spent his entire life. He died on May 13, 1860.
Amman (TV series)
Amman () () is an Indian Tamil-language devotional drama airing on Colors Tamil starring Pavithra Gowda and Amaljith in the lead roles while Nanditha Jennifer, Anu Sulash, Avinash Ashok and Shaliy Avinesh plays supporting roles. It premiered on 27 January 2020.
Shakthi, a village belle who is blessed with the power of foreseeing future. She is revered by the village for her unique ability. Eshwar, a doctor by profession, who lives in the same village, tries to drive a wedge between Shakthi and the villagers. Shakthi and Eshwar fall in love under unusual circumstances and the consequences of their love where Shakthi comes to now that her present family is not hers and sets out to find her real family. Will Shakthi reunite with her family and with Eshwar forms the rest of the story...
The gold digger is a person, usually a woman, who has a relationship for money and/or goods rather than love. If the woman gets married, it's a marriage of convenience.
This type of relationship is called gold digging.
The term "gold digger" was a slang term which has its roots in the 20th century. It is especially popular with chorus girls and sex workers.
"Gold digger" rose in usage after the popularity of Avery Hopwood's play "The Gold Diggers" in 1919.
Songs about gold diggers include "Gold Digger" from Kanye West and "Gold Digger" from EPMD. Both reference women marrying for money.
Tin foil
Tin foil is a thin foil made of tin. Tin foil was replaced after World War II by aluminium foil. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, tin foil was in commonly used.
Tin foil is stiffer than aluminium foil. It tends to give a slight tin taste to food that is wrapped in it. Tin foil is resistant to corrosion and oxidation.
Electricite de France S.A. (EDF; "Electricity of France") is a French power company. It is mostly owned by the government of France. Its headquarters are in Paris. It earned €71.2 billion in revenues in 2016. EDF produces 120+ gigawatts of electricity in Europe, South America, North America, Asia, the Middle East and Africa.
In 2009, EDF produced more electricity than any other power company in the world. In 2011, it produced 22% of the European Union's electricity, most of it from nuclear power:
Its 58 active nuclear reactors (in France) are spread out over 20 sites (nuclear power plants). There are 34 reactors with 900 MW, 20 reactors with 1300 MW, and 4 reactors with 1450 MW, all PWRs.
In 2017, EDF was scheduled to take over most of the power business of Areva, in a French government sponsored restructuring following financial and technical problems at Areva. In July 2017, France's Environmental Minister Nicolas Hulot said that up to 17 of France's nuclear power reactors — all of which are operated by EDF — could be closed by 2025 because of a new law about using less nuclear power.
Foil (metal)
Aluminium foil
Aluminium foil is foil made of aluminium. It is less than 0.2 mm (7.9 mils) thick. It can easily be bent or wrapped around objects. Aluminium foil was replaced tin foil in the mid 20th century.
Approximately 75% of aluminium foil is used for packaging of foods, cosmetics, and chemical products. 25% is used for industrial uses. It can easily be recycled.
Aluminium foil replaced tinfoil in 1910, when the first aluminium foil rolling factory, "Dr. Lauber, Neher & Cie." was opened in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. The factory was owned by J.G. Neher & Sons. The factory started in 1886 in Schaffhausen, Switzerland. The way that aluminium foil was made started to change to include the use of print, colour, lacquer, lamination and the embossing of the aluminium.
Aluminium foils thicker than 25 μm (1 mil) do not allow oxygen and water to pass through.
Aluminium foil has a shiny side and a dull side. The foil may have a non-stick coating on only one side. The reflectivity of bright aluminium foil is 88% while dull embossed foil is about 80%.
Aluminium is used for packaging. Aluminium foil containers and trays are used to bake pies. It is also used pack takeaway meals. Aluminium foil is widely used in radiation shields and heat exchangers. Aluminium foil is used for art, decoration, and crafts.
Geometry Dash is a rhythm-based platformer game developed and published by RobTop Games. It started being sold for two dollars on August 13, 2013. It is a 2D platformer game that involves dodging geometric obstacles (spikes, walls, and creatures) in a series of levels that you can complete. You can also create your own levels in the editor, and play levels made by other people. To finish levels, you have to get through the whole level without dying. You can collect items such as coins, stars, orbs, and diamonds. There are different vehicles in the game.
The player uses the keyboard, touch screen, controller, or mouse (depending on what device they are using) to jump over obstacles in each level. The primary goal of each level is to complete the level without dying. If the character dies you are sent back to the beginning of the level. There are other goals such as collecting currencies such as coins, stars, orbs, or diamonds.