AcharyaChanakya/simple-wikipedia huggingface dataset:
The first estimate of LM3's age was made in 1976 by the team of scientists from the Australian National University (ANU) who excavated LM3. They estimated that LM3 was between 28,000 and 32,000 years old. They did not test LM3's remains directly; instead, they made their estimate through stratigraphic comparison with LM1. In 1987, an electron spin resonance test was done on pieces of bone from LM3's skeleton. This gave an estimate of his age at 31,000 years, plus or minus 7,000 years. In 1999, optical dating work was done on quartz from the LM3 burial site. The results indicated a burial older than 24,600 years (± 2,400) and younger than 43,300 years (± 3,800).
Later in the same year, research led by Alan Thorne gave a new estimate of 62,000 years old (plus or minus 6,000 years). This estimate was made by combining data from uranium-thorium dating, electron spin resonance dating and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of the remains and the soil in the grave. This estimate was very controversial, and some of the techniques used to get this estimate were criticised.
In 2003, several Australian groups came to an agreement that LM3 is about 40,000 years old. A team led by Bowler did 25 more OSL tests that suggested that LM3 can not be older than 50,000 years. This age roughly agrees with stratigraphic evidence using four different dating methods. The age of 40,000 years is now the most widely accepted age for the LM3. This makes it the second oldest human fossil east of India, and the oldest in Australia. In addition to this, the study published in 2003 found that LM1 and LM3 are similar in age, and that humans were present at Lake Mungo as early as 50,000 to 46,000 years ago.
In 1998, the remains of a child were discovered. These are believed to have roughly the same age as Mungo Man and Mungo Lady. In 2005, erosion exposed another adult skeleton. Because it was not protected, this skeleton was destroyed by wind and rain about a year later.
The main idea is the Out of Africa hypothesis: It says that humans developed on the African continent, and spread from there. Another important site is called Kow Swamp, in the northern part of Victoria. It consists of about twenty skeletons, which are between 5,000 and 10,000 years old. The morphology of Mungo Man is noticeably different from these skeletons. For this reason, some researchers have said that Australia was probably settled twice. The settlers were probably descendants of Homo erectus and came from the Asian mainland. This theory is based on the analysis of mitochondrial DNA. If this is true, the two lines, that of Mungo Man and that of modern humans, separated a long time ago. This would also mean that Mitochondrial Eve of this line and that of modern humans would be older than mitochondrial Eve of all living humans.
Tosashimizu, Kōchi
The village of Nakanohama in what is now Tosashimizu was the birthplace of Nakahama Manjirō, who was the first known Japanese to live in the United States in the mid-19th century.
The modern city was established in 1954.
Civic Solidarity Party
The.Civic Solidarity Party () is a nationalist and conservative political party in Azerbaijan. It was founded in 1992. The party's leader is Sabir Rustamkhanli, who is actually a poet. The party's ideology is based on the "universal political values of freedom, equality and solidarity".
At the 2020parliamentary elections, it won 3 out of 125 seats.
Knockwurst
Valencia (disambiguation)
Valencia is a city in Spain. Valencia might also mean:
Amour (movie)
Amour is an 2012 Academy Award-winning French movie. The director was Michael Haneke. It starred Jean-Louis Trintignant as Georges, Emmanuelle Riva as Anne, and Isabelle Huppert as their daughter.
The movie was about an elderly couple, Anne and Georges, who are retired music teachers who live alone together. Anne suffers a stroke which paralyses her on one side of her body. After she makes Georges very angry, Georges grabs a pillow and suffocates Anne to death.
It received many positive reviews. Roger Ebert gave it four out of four stars. It won an Golden Globe Award and an Academy Award for Best Foreign Film.
Ishigaki, Okinawa
Ishigaki was established in 1908 as Yaeyama Village. In 1914 it was renamed to Ishigaki Village. It grew to become a town in 1926 and a city in 1947.
The Senkakus were included in the village of 1908, in the village of 1914, in the town in 1926, and in the city in 1947.
In 2013, the opened.
The city includes Ishigaki Island and the Senkaku Islands.
Michael Haneke
Michael Haneke (born March 23, 1942) is a German-Austrian movie director, movie producer, and screenwriter. He is recently known for directing the Academy Award-winning foreign movie "Amour". He was nominated for Best Director and Best Screenwriter at the Golden Globe Awards and at the Academy Awards.
Haneke was born on March 23, 1942 in Munich, Germany. He was raised in Wiener Neustadt. He is remotely related to actor Christoph Waltz. He was raised in Wiener Neustadt. Haneke studied at the University of Vienna. He was married to Susanne Haneke since 1983.
Jean-Louis Trintignant
Jean-Louis Xavier Trintignant (born 11 December 1930) is a retired French actor. He won an César Award for Best Actor as Georges in the 2012 French movie "Amour".
On 20 July, 2018 he announced his retirement from cinema.
Trintignant was born on 11 December 1930 in Piolenc, Vaucluse, France. He was raised in Piolenc and in Paris. Trintignant was married to Stéphane Audran until they divorced. Then he was married to Nadine Marquand from 1960 until they divorced in 1976.
Emmanuelle Riva
Emmanuelle Riva (born Paulette Germaine Riva; 24 February 1927 – 27 January 2017) was a French actress, writer, photographer, and poet. She was known for her BAFTA Award-winning role as Anne in "Amour". She was nominated for an Academy Award and won an BAFTA Award for her role in "Amour".
Riva was born on 24 February 1927 in Cheniménil, France. Her grandfather was Italian. Riva was raised and studied acting in Paris.
Riva died from cancer on 27 January 2017 in Paris at the age of 89.
Carmen Montejo
Carmen Montejo (María Teresa Sánchez González; May 26, 1925 – February 25, 2013) was an Cuban-Mexican actress. She was known for her many television shows. She was one of the last surviving actresses of the Golden Age of Cinema of Mexico.
Montejo was born on May 26, 1925 in Pinar del Río, Cuba. She was married to Manuel González Ortega until his death. Montejo died on February 25, 2013 in Mexico City, Mexico from an illness, aged 87.
Isabelle Huppert
Isabelle Anne Madeleine Huppert (born March 16, 1953) is a French actress. She is known for her roles in "Violette Nozière", "La pianist", and in "Amour".
Huppert was born on March 16, 1953 in Paris, France. She as raised in Ville-d'Avray. Huppert studied at National Conservatory of Dramatic Art of Paris. She was married to Ronald Chammah since 1982. They had three children.
Weight loss is when a person weighs less than before. A person can lose weight by running, swimming or doing any other activity. Also, a person might eat a healthier diet to lose weight. There are many diet and exercises programs available to lose weight. Many people lose weight when they eat less sugar and more vegetables, fruits and lean meat.
In many countries weight loss is caused by sociological pressure mostly on woman to have slim and fit figure.
Unintentional weight loss is when a person loses weight without trying. It can be a symptom of some types of cancer. Stress can cause unintentional weight loss. Stress can come from divorce, changing jobs or over the loss of a loved one. Once the stress is removed and the person feels happier again, the weight may return to normal. Depression may also cause weight loss. Eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia can cause significant weight loss. These disorders usually require the help of health care professionals.
Getting enough sleep helps to avoid gaining excess weight. Over time, getting more sleep can help a person to lose weight. The main reason is not getting enough sleep leaves a person tired during the day and prone to eating more food. Getting enough sleep helps in maintaining healthy eating habits.
Without going to the bathroom, a person naturally loses over while they sleep at night. One reason is humans breathe in oxygen but breathes out carbon dioxide. That is breathing in one molecule of Oxygen for every two molecules of carbon each time they breathe out. A molecule of carbon does not weigh much by itself, but given that with each breath twenty billion-trillion molecules are expelled, over a 7-8 hour period that adds up to over a pound of carbon. Normal perspiration occurs while sleeping but usually only causes a small amount of water weight loss.
Your body also burns calories while you sleep.
It is well known that lean mass (muscle and bone) burn more energy than fat. Even at rest, a body with more muscle tissue will burn more calories.
Exercise alone can be effective in weight loss. Several studies found similar results. The comparison between dieting and exercising found both resulted in weight loss. The conclusion was that using both diet and exercise together was the most effective method of weight loss and in maintaining a healthy body.
Shere Bangla National Stadium
Sher-e-Bangla Cricket Stadium or Sher-e-Bangla National Cricket Stadium (SBNS) is a cricket stadium in Bangladesh. Some times it is called Mirpur Stadium. It is situated in Mirpur of Dhaka. It can hold 26.000 people at a time. It was built in 2006. It was named after Sher-e-Bangla A. K. Fazlul Huq "The tiger of Bangla".
The stadium has hosted Bangladesh's first class, test, ODI, twenty20 and women's cricket matches. It also hosted international matches like ICC World Cup, Asia Cup etc.
The ground is a state of the art stadium. It is considered one of the best grounds in the subcontinent. Its most striking and interesting part is its modern drainage. The ground was originally built for football and athletics. For this reason it was built in rectangular shape. But when it was shifted for cricket it was fixed to oval for cricket. The ground was fitted with floodlights on 2009. it is able to host Day/night cricket matches.
he ground hosted its first Test match on 25 May 2007. It was a test match between Bangladesh and India. It hosted it's first ODI on December 8, 2006. The match was played by Bangladesh and Zimbabwe.
The stadium hosted 4 group matches and 2 quarter finals during the 2011 Cricket World Cup.
Bangladesh hosted the 12th edition of the Asia Cup. Sher-e-Bangla National Stadium hosted those matches.
Sportsbook
In the United States of America a sportsbook is a place where a player can bet money on many different sports, for example basketball, golf, football, hockey, baseball, soccer, horse racing, boxing and many more.
A bet is when a person thinks that a particular team/contestant will win a competition and gives some money. If he wins the bet - he will receive his money back with some monetary prize. If his team/contestant loses, he will not get his money back.
The Professional and Amateur Sports Protection Act of 1992 allows only Nevada, Oregon, Montana, and Delaware to legally bet on sports.
There are more Sportbooks that allow betting online or through mobile. With better availability and lower minimum bets, the whole industry is rapidly growing.
Before placing a bet a person should read the terms and conditions of the sportsbook to avoid any problems.
Paid survey
A paid or incentivized survey is a type of survey where person for filling out the details will get some reward.
Usual prizes will be small amount of money, simple reward like pen or cup, or entry in to competition to win something.
Web-based survey have come a long way, from 1980s where first email surveys were conducted to 1990s when initial web-based surveys were introduced. There were almost $500 million spent on web-based surveys in 2002, and According to Inside Research this number climbed up to about $960 million in 2004.
But despite the advances in survey research, there are still many short comings and problems, such as declining response rates, limited online data bases, mistrust about survey uses (true research versus selling), survey length, issues concerning privacy and security, internet surveys being looked at as spam by some etc.
Most of Online Surveys that are real will not pay cash, but instead give vouchers or prizes.
Online or Internet surveys are very useful for many companies. People get rewarded for answering questions about a product, a company or any questions that will help the company to work better.
Many companies pay people to take a survey, but some are for free.
In era of digital surveys there is many fraud cases where user will be not paid after completing one. Some ways of avoiding fraud sites is to check them on MyWot, review sites or by simply checking their reviews on forums.
It is getting more popular to fill surveys to get access to website or valuable content.
Another popular form of surveys that has recently emerged are daily surveys. Daily survey panels allow their members to participate in surveys everyday. The user is taken through a router where they can keep trying to qualify until a survey is found that matches their demographics. Daily surveys pay less than most paid surveys, but the opportunity to qualify is much greater and payouts are usually cash instead of prizes.
Businesses spend $18.7 billion worldwide on market research, as reported by CASRO.
Mirpur Thana
Mirpur () is a place, a "thana" of Dhaka city, Bangladesh.
Mirpur is located at . It has a total area of 58 km. It is situated to the north-east of Dhaka city.
Lifeline (crisis support service)
Lifeline is a non-profit organisation that provides free, 24-hour telephone support to people in need. Lifeline Assistance do not make any profit.
A lifeline Assistance called Volunteer Crisis Supporters provides suicide prevention services (trying to persuade people not to kill themselves) and mental health support (helping with depression and other issues). They help people not only by telephone but face-to-face too and online.
Most people that work at the Telephone Lifeline work for free. They are called volunteers. They are very well trained to help people with any problems. More than 400,000 calls are served by the Lifeline Assistance every year.
Some Lifeline Centres also provide other support services that may have group support, assistance with food & bills and support for the old people.
Lifeline has more than 260 retail outlets around Australia that sell clothes and furniture to make enough money to pay for training and office space they use. Some Lifeline Centres have few stores which helps them with day-to-day spending. Some lifelines can provide people in need with free mobile phones thanks to government grants.
The 2010 report recorded 2,361 deaths by suicide in Australia, 480 more deaths than in 2007.
List of Bangladesh Test cricketers
This is a list of Bangladeshi Test cricketers. This list is arranged to show the test cricketers of Bangladesh. If more than one player won his first Test cap in the same Test match, then those players are listed alphabetically by surname.
Statistics are correct as of 3 March 2008.
List of Bangladesh ODI cricketers
This is a list of One Day International cricketers for Bangladesh. The list is arranged in an order, in which each player won his first ODI cap. If more than one player won his first ODI cap in the same match, then those players are listed alphabetically by first name.
Statistics are correct as at 31 July 2008.
Mobile advertising is very similar to online or internet advertising. Mobile advertising is method of advertising via mobile phones or other mobile devices like tablets.
More and more people worldwide have mobile phones and spend on them a lot of time so mobile advertising is very successful these days and the whole market is growing fast.
Today there are more mobile phones than TVs and computers in the world.
In Spain 75% of mobile phone owners receive mobile advertising. In France 62% and in Japan 54% mobile phone owners receive mobile advertising. In Japan today, 44% of mobile phone owners click on ads they get on their phones. Mobile advertising was worth 900 million dollars only in Japan.
There are people and organizations that want to create guidelines for Mobile Advertising (set of rules to follow).
List of Australia Test cricketers
This article lists Australian Test cricketers as of 14 February 2013.
List of England Test cricketers
This is a list of cricketers that play Test cricket for England.
A number of cricketers have played Test match cricket for England and another Test match team.
List of India Test cricketers
This is a list of Test cricketers who have played for India. A Test match is an international cricket match between two of the leading cricketing nations. The list is arranged in the order in which each player won his Test cap. Where more than one player won his first Test cap in the same Test match, those players are listed alphabetically by surname.
Statistics are correct as of 25 February 2021.
List of New Zealand Test cricketers
This is a list of cricketers who play Test cricket for New Zealand.
Statistics are correct as of New Zealand v England, 3rd Test, 2007-08 (26 March, 2008)
New Zealand is shown above.
List of Pakistan Test cricketers
This is a list of cricketers who play Test cricket for Pakistan.
Statistics are correct as of 24 August 2008.
Lion Airlines
PT Lion Mentari Airlines, known as Lion Air or Lion Airlines is the largest private airline in Indonesia. Lion Air have their headquarter office in Jakarta, Indonesia. Lion Air goes to places like Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia. The airplanes go to 56 different places in Indonesia and world with a fleet of 89 airplanes.
Lion Airlines cannot fly in European Union because they did not passed safety laws set by officials.
On 18 November 2011, the airline informed about order of Boeing planes setting the record for the world's bigge
st single order of 230 planes for a commercial airline worth $21.7 billion.
Nasir Hossain (Bangladeshi cricketer)
Aryabhata (satellite)
Okinawa, Okinawa
In 1908, Okinawa Prefecture established the villages of Goeku and Misato. During the occupation of Japan, the U.S. military government established the city of in Goeku.
In 1974, the city of Okinawa was created by the merger of Misato and Koza.
the city of Okinawa is located in the central part of the island of Okinawa. It is about 20 km north of Naha.
In the prefecture, it is the second-largest city after Naha.
There is a United States military base which is partly in the city. It is Kadena Air Base.
Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio
Mary Elizabeth Mastrantonio (November 17 1958) is an American actress. She first became well-known after playing Gina Montana in the 1983 movie "Scarface". She also played Carmen in the 1986 movie "The Color of Money". Her other movies include "Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves" (1991) and "The Abyss" (1989). Mastrantonio was born in Illinois.
Armardeh
Buin-e Sofla
Buin-e Sofla (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan province of Iran. Its people speak Kurdish. They are followers of Islam. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,069, in 206 families.
Kani Sur
Yasukand
Yasukand (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan province of Iran. Its people speak Kurdish. They are followers of Islam. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,268, in 917 families.
Bolbanabad
Bolbanabad (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan province of Iran. Its people speak Kurdish. They are followers of Islam. At the 2006 census, its population was 3,464, in 899 families.
Zarrineh
Babarashani
Muchesh
Chenareh
Kani Dinar
Kani Dinar (, ) is a city in the Kurdistan province of Iran. Its people speak Kurdish. They are followers of Islam. At the 2006 census, its population was 5,127, in 1,232 families.
Dezej
Serishabad
Shuyesheh
Saheb, Iran
Irtysh River
The Irtysh River (; ; / ; , ""Twirl""; ) is a river in Siberia and Kazakhstan. It is the main tributary of the Ob River. The main tributary of the Irtysh is the Tobol River. The Ob-Irtysh forms a major drainage basin in Asia, and covers most of Western Siberia and the Altay Mountains.
In quantum mechanics, the mathematical formalism is very difficult to interpret physically. However, there are many ideas about the interpretations and meanings of quantum mechanics. There are no facts to prove any interpretation over the others, but there are some that are more accepted than others.
"Main article: Quantum mechanics"
The main ideas of quantum mechanics are the postulates of Schrödinger and Heisenberg. The Schrödinger equation is a partial differential equation that describes the wavefunction of an object. The equation can be given by
The basic meaning of this equation is that a particle, such as an electron, is not "just" a point-like particle, but also a type of wave. The philosophical implications will be explored shortly. Another fundamental of quantum mechanics is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. This bizarre theory is the idea that the position and the momentum of an object cannot both be known. The greater the certainty of the "position" of an object, the less the certainty of the "momentum" of the object. The mathematical formulation of this is given by
This can further be generalized by stating that
Where formula_4 is the operator of formula_5 and formula_6. This law also gives rise to an uncertainty between energy and time, which can be expressed in the same way as the relation between momentum and position.
Another important fact of quantum mechanics is that the electron behaves in a very weird way. At first, no one really knew what the wavefunction meant physically. Max Born, a theoretical physicist, explained that the wavefunction is a "probability wave." In other words, wherever the wave is denser, that is where the particle is most likely found, but it won't necessarily be found there. The way to find the probability
(formula_7) of the position of the particle in the region formula_8
For example, if formula_7 is equal to .5, then there is a 50% chance of finding the particle within that region. This shows us that the location of a particle is probabilistic; one can never say that the particle will "definitely" be found at a certain point in space, but rather, one can only give the probability of finding the particle within that region.
The most well-accepted interpretation of quantum mechanics is the idea called Copenhagen interpretation. This interpretation builds upon the probability-wave notion, but brings in a radical new idea called the superposition principle. The best way to explain this principle is by showing it mathematically. If the functions formula_10 are solutions of the Schrödinger equation, then the superposition of those wavefunctions is also a solution. i.e.,
Where formula_12 is the superposition of the various wavefunctions. This idea implies that a particle occupies every possible wavefunction it can. This implies that a particle occupies more than one position "at the same time." In other words, a particle exists in at least two different positions simultaneously. When an observer comes and actually measures the position of the particle, something called the wavefunction collapse occurs. So when someone observes the particle, the following happens:
formula_13→formula_14
In simple terms: when there is no observation or observer, then a particle occupies many positions simultaneously; when an observation takes place, the wavefunction collapses and the particle exists only in one position.
The many-worlds interpretation is by far the most fantastic interpretation of quantum mechanics. This interpretation says that rather than the wavefunction collapsing, each possibility actually occurs, but in separate universes. This means that the universes branch off for each possibility.
The interpretation presented by Albert Einstein himself, states that the outcome of some random event is predetermined. So, rather than a particle existing as a probability wave, this interpretation says that the particle exists only in one position, but we just perceive it to be a probability. This idea is much less popular, but nonetheless mentionable.
So, of the three main interpretations of quantum mechanics, which one is correct? Physicists seem to think that the Copenhagen interpretation is the most likely, but no one is for sure.
Kure, Hiroshima
In 1894, Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi transfered the Imperial Headquarters ("Daihon'ei") to Kure.
The modern city of Kure was founded in 1902.
The natural harbor was a naval base until the end of the Second World War. The Japanese battleship Yamato was built at Kure.
Etajima, Hiroshima
Etajima was the site of the from 1888 to 1945.
The present city was created in 2004. It was created by uniting 4 towns: Etajima, Nōmi, Ōgaki, and Okimi.
Hioki, Kagoshima
The city was created in 2005 from the merger of the towns of Fukiage, Higashiichiki, Hiyoshi and Ijūin.
Bagh
Jason Anthony Rocco Spezza (born June 13, 1983 in Mississauga, Ontario) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre. He currently plays for the Toronto Maple Leafs of the National Hockey League (NHL). He has also played for the Ottawa Senators and Dallas Stars.
He began his hockey career with the Brampton Battalion of the OHL. He also played for the Mississauga Ice Dogs for 2 seasons, the Windsor Spitfires for 2 seasons and the Belleville Bulls for 1 season. He entered the draft in 2001 and he was drafted with the 2nd overall by the Ottawa Senators in the 2001 NHL Entry Draft.
He was assigned to the Grand Rapids Griffins, the farm team of the Senators. He was called up to the Senators and made his NHL debut in the 2002-03 NHL season. He played 33 games with the Senators and played most of the season with Ottawa's new affiliate, Binghamton Senators. He was called up and played two seasons with the Senators and was sent down to the Binghamton Senators to play a season. After that he joined the Ottawa's main roster full-time.
Spezza was on the cover of 2007 video game, NHL 2K8. He married his girlfriend Jennifer on July 25, 2009. They have two daughters Sophia Donna Spezza (born June 8, 2010) and Nicola Patricia Spezza (born April 1, 2012).
On July 1, 2014, after Spezza had requested a trade, the Senators traded him along with Ludwig Karlsson to the Dallas Stars in exchange for Alex Chiasson, Alex Guptill, Nicolas Paul and a 2015 second-round pick to Ottawa.
Cave Johnson
Cave Johnson (January 11, 1793 – November 23, 1866) was a United States Congressman from Tennessee. He was from the Democratic Party.
Michelle Monaghan
Michelle Monaghan (born March 23, 1976) is an American movie and television program actress. She was in the movies "Eagle Eye", "Made of Honor" and "Mission: Impossible III". She also acted in the television program "Boston Public". Before acting, she appeared on the covers of several magazines. Monaghan was born in Iowa.
Hyūga, Miyazaki
The preservation district has a 19th century character.
The modern city was established in 1951.
Qinghai
Nichinan, Miyazaki
Nichinan grew up around Obi Castle.
The modern city was established in 1950.
Julia Child
Julia Carolyn Child (Julia Carolyn McWilliams; August 15, 1912 – August 13, 2004) was an American television personality, writer, and chef. She was known for having her own cooking show "The French Chef". She won a Peabody Award and an Emmy Award.
Child was born on August 15, 1912 in Pasadena, California. She studied at Smith College and at Le Cordon Bleu. Child was married to Paul Cushing Child from 1946 until his death in 1994, but they didn't have children. Child died on August 13, 2004 in Montecito, California from kidney failure, two days before her 92nd birthday.
Roy W. Hill
Roy William Hill (December 1, 1899 – February 14, 1986) was an American automobile dealer, philanthropist, and businessman. He helped start the Eisenhower Medical Center.
Hill was born on December 1, 1899 in Los Angeles, California. He was married to Madeleine M. Hill from 1924 until they divorced during the 1930s. Then he was married to Faye D Maxwell from 1942 until they divorced in 1969. Then he was married to Anne T. Hill from 1971 until his death in 1986. Hill died on February 14, 1986 from heart failure in his Rancho Mirage, California, aged 86.
Meg Hillier
St Hilda's College, Oxford
St. Hilda
Whitby is a fishing port near Scarborough, North Yorkshire, in northeast England. 13,213 people live there. Its name comes from the Old Norse Witebi, which means the "white settlement".
Whitby is on the edge of the North Yorkshire Moors.
Its heritage coast is around 35 miles (56 km) long, stretching from Staithes to Flamborough. At Whitby, dinosaur footprints are visible on the beach. The black mineral jet is found in the cliffs and on the moors and has been used since the Bronze Age to make beads. In Victorian times jet was brought to Whitby by pack pony to be made into decorative items. It was most popular in the mid-19th century when it was chosen for mourning jewellery by Queen Victoria after the death of Prince Albert.
In the Middle Ages, Whitby was home to whaling and herring fishing fleets. Now, lobsters, brown and velvet crabs are important to the local fishery. Tourists first began to visit Whitby in the 1800s. Tourism is now the main source of income for Whitby.
Whitby's East cliff is the home of Whitby Abbey. On the West Cliff, a whalebone arch commemorates Whitby's fishing heritage.
Captain James Cook, a British explorer who mapped New Zealand, Hawaii and Newfoundland, learnt to sail in Whitby.
Part of Bram Stoker's story of Dracula is set in Whitby.
Extremely Loud &amp; Incredibly Close (movie)
Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close is an American drama movie released at Christmas 2011. It is based on the novel of the same name. It stars Tom Hanks, Sandra Bullock, Viola Davis, John Goodman, Jeffrey Wright and Max von Sydow with Zoe Caldwell. It is an autistic child whose father is killed in the September 11 attacks. The movie's reviews were negative. It was nominated for Academy Awards for Best Picture and Best Supporting Actor for von Sydow.
Eye colour
Eye color is a visible character caused by two factors: the pigmentation of the eye's iris, and way light is scattered as it hits the top layer of the iris.
The human eye is different from its nearest relative, the chimpanzee eye. The eyes of chimps and also gorillas are entirely brown. Humans have the white to their eyes. This difference is thought to be significant. In the apes, individuals do not usually look directly at other members of the family, but all the same they keep a close watch on what is going on with the family group. They tend to look out of the corners of their eyes, as if to keep the glance secret. Perhaps to them a direct look is aggressive. Jane Goodall used to be careful and avoid looking directly at the gorilla families in the bush. She would sit at a distance, appearing to nibble at grass and leaves, while making occasional glances at the gorilla family.
In humans, the pigment of the iris varies from light brown to black. This depends on the amount of melanin in the iris. The appearance of blue, green and hazel eyes result from the Rayleigh scattering of light in the iris. A similar process accounts for the blueness of the sky. Neither blue nor green pigments are ever present in the human iris or fluid. Eye colour is an example of structural colour which varies according to the lighting conditions, especially for lighter-coloured eyes.
The brightly coloured eyes of many birds, reptiles and insects is caused by other pigments, such as pteridines, purines, and carotenoids.
The view that blue eye colour is a simple recessive trait is incorrect. Two main gene loci code for the eye pigment: "OCA2" and "HERC2". They sit next to each other on chromosome 15. Mutations (SNPs) to these genes account for much of the variation seen in eye colour. "OCA2" mutations close to the 5′ regulatory region explain most human eye-color variation. An intron in "HERC2" contains the promoter region for "OCA2", affecting its expression.
There are about 15 other genes which have some effect on eye colour inheritance. This is an effect called epistasis, and is not unusual.
Iris (eye)
The iris (plural: irides or irises) is a thin, circular structure in the eye. It controls the diameter and size of the pupils.
Eye colour is the colour of the iris. In humans, the iris may look green, blue, brown, hazel (a combination of light brown, green and gold), grey, violet, or even pink. In response to the amount of light exiting the eye, muscles attached to the iris expand or contract the pupil. The larger the pupil, the more light can enter the eye and reach the retina.
Iris may refer to:
Fleet Street is a road in central London. It used to be where newspapers were made, before they moved east to Wapping.
The street already existed in the 14th century. It connected the City of London to Westminster. It takes its name from the River Fleet.
Lisa Blount
Lisa Blount (July 1, 1957 - October 27, 2010) was an American television series and movie actress and producer who was in notable movies. She starred "An Officer and a Gentleman" (1982) and in the 2005 movie "Chrystal". Blount was born in Fayetteville, Arkansas. She died in Little Rock, Arkansas.
Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma
The Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma is a transport helicopter designed and built in France. The design was first built by Sud Aviation, and later by Aérospatiale. It was also built by Westland Helicopter in the United Kingdom after an agreement between the two countries It first flew in April 1965. It is mainly used by Armée de l'Air, Royal Air Force, and some other air forces. It is also used by civilians.
The Aérospatiale SA-330 Puma is 59.6½ feet (18.15 meters) long, 49.2½ feet (15.00 meters) diameter, and 16.10½ feet (5.14 meters) tall. A minimum mass that weighs 7,795 pounds (3,536 kg) and at the maximum mass that weighs 15,532 pounds (7,000 kg). It is powered by two Turbomeca Turmo engines driving a helicopter rotor with four blades.
The passenger cabin allows the reception of sixteen to twenty armed soldiers in military version, and fourteen to sixteen passengers in civil version. The two-seater cockpit of the helicopter is type side by side. A mechanic, also serving the mechanical winch, takes place at the rear. He can used the removable machine gun.
At the beginning of 2013, these countries were still using or had used the military Puma:
If the majority of Puma was built by Aérospatiale in France and the UK by Westland but. A few others were produced under license in Indonesia, Romania, and South Africa.
"SA-330A", "SA-330B", "SA-330Ba", "SA-330C", "SA-330E", "SA-330F", "SA-330G", "SA-330H", "SA-330J", "SA-330L", "SA-330S", "SA-330Z".
SA-330A is the prototype and SA-330Z is an experimental version.
"Puma HC Mk-1", "Puma HC Mk-2".
British production is only for the military version.
"NAS-330J". Indonesian Puma are built by IPTN, indigenous aeronautical industry, for civilian and military.
"IAR-330", "IAR-330 SOCAT". Romanian Puma are built by IAR, indigenous aeronautical industriy, for civilian and military. IAR-330 SOCAT is an attack and transport helicopter, like soviet helicopter Mi-24 Hind.
"Oryx". South African Puma are built by Atlas Aircraft Corporation, indigenous aeronautical industriy, for civilian and military.
The SA-330 Puma gave birth to a derivative extensively modified, designated AS-332 Super Puma.
Ogasawara, Tokyo
In 1940, municipalities were created for groups and single isolated islands in the Pacific Ocean. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government was made responsible for local government on the islands, including
The local government structure of the post-war occupation of these islands is still used today.
The islands of the village include
Pope Soter
Pope Soter (; d. 174) was an Italian priest of the Roman Catholic Church who became the 12th Pope, the official title is the Bishop of Rome, from 166 until his death in 174.
Records from that time mention his letters. One such letter is an admonishment of the moral laxity in the Church at Corinth. Another is regarding who can touch the sacred cloths used in the Mass.
The issue of when to celebrate Easter was discussed again and Catholics were instructed to celebrate the day on a Sunday rather than on Passover which some Churches, particularly in Asia Minor, were doing. He is considered a Saint of the Catholic Church and his feast day is celebrated on April 22.
Kristen Johnston
Kristen Johnston (September 20, 1967) is an American movie, stage and television program actress who won two Emmy Awards for acting. She acted as Sally Solomon in the sitcom "3rd Rock from the Sun" and has been in several movies. She was born in Washington, D.C., though was raised close to Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Ilford is a large town in Greater London, the headquarters of the London Borough of Redbridge. It is also identified as a major area in the London Plan, being located about 9.1 miles east of Charing Cross.
Ilford was once a small settlement in Essex. It started to develop because of its strategic position near the River Roding and the road from London to Colchester. The arrival of the railway in 1839 also boosted this growth, causing trade and development to foster in the area. Ilford became a municipal borough in 1926 as well as expanding and increasing in population. In 1965, however, the municipal boroughs were scrapped and the area was removed from Essex and dissolved into Greater London. Many people still refer to Ilford and other East London areas as being part of Essex.
Ilford is part of the IG postcode area although some parts are in the E postcode area instead.
Ricky Tomlinson
Ricky Tomlinson (born 26 September 1939) is a British actor and political activist. He was born Eric Tomlinson in Bispham, Blackpool, Lancashire. He is best known for his roles as Bobby Grant in "Brookside", DCI Charlie Wise in "Cracker" and Jim Royle in "The Royle Family".
Ann Sothern
Gustavo Santaolalla
Gustavo Alfredo Santaolalla (born 19 August 1951) is an Argentine musician, film composer and producer. He is a two-time Academy Award winner for Best Original Score.
Roberto Fidel Ernesto Sorokin, known by his stage name Coti, is an Argentine musician. He is best known for his work with other Spanish-language artists like Andrés Calamaro, Julieta Venegas, Paulina Rubio and Luis Miguel. His 2005 release, "Esta Mañana y Otros Cuentos" went gold in both Argentina and Mexico. It went double platinum in Spain.
Bernardo O'Higgins
Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader. Along with José de San Martín, he is credited with liberating Chile from Spanish rule. Although he was the second (1817–1823), he is considered one of Chile's founding fathers. He was also the first leader of a fully independent Chilean state.
Scott Mills
Scott Mills (born 28 March 1974) is a British radio DJ. He has his own daily show on BBC Radio 1. He is also a television presenter and an actor. He was born in Southampton.
Scott Mills began working at 16 in a local radio in Hampshire. He joined BBC Radio 1 in 1998. In May 2004 was given a slot on weekday early-evenings to cover for Sara Cox who was about to have a baby. He now has a slot everyday in the afternoon.
Mills is openly gay.
Mitochondrial Eve is a term from genetics and human evolution. It refers to a woman, whose mitochondrial DNA is a parent of all living humans. To put this more exactly, she is the female most recent common ancestor of all human alive at present.
Rather than use full DNA comparisons, two simpler methods are used:
This gives haplogroups (a haplogroup is a combination of genes on different chromosomal regions that are closely linked and tend to be inherited together).
According to current research, Mitochondrial Eve lived about 200.000 years ago. Most likely she lived in East Africa, when "Homo sapiens sapiens" (anatomically modern humans) were developing as a population distinct from other human sub-species.
Mitochondrial Eve lived later than "Homo heidelbergensis" and the emergence of "Homo neanderthalensis", but earlier than the out of Africa migration.
The dating for 'Eve' was a blow to the multiregional hypothesis, and a boost to the hypothesis that modern humans originated relatively recently in Africa and spread from there, replacing more "archaic" human populations such as Neanderthals. As a result, the latter hypothesis became dominant.
King Ghidorah
Piano Sonata No. 11 (Mozart)
The Piano Sonata No. 11 in A major, K. 331 is a piece of music for the piano. It was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. It was published in Vienna, Austria by Artaria in 1784. It is the second of a group of three piano sonatas. Mozart probably wrote the group in Salzburg in the summer of 1783. It was then that he brought his wife Constance (Weber) to his hometown to introduce her to his father Leopold. The first sonata in the group is No. 10 in C major, K. 330. The third is No. 12 in F major, K. 332. Mozart numbered this group of sonatas 1 through 3. He spent much time teaching during his early years in Vienna. It is likely that these sonatas were written for his pupils.
The A major sonata is unique among Mozart's piano sonatas. It does not include a movement in sonata form. The first movement is a lilting theme in 6/8 followed by six variations in A major and A minor. The last variation is in 4/4 time. The second movement is a Menuetto in A major with a contrasting section (called a Trio) in D major. It is written in 3/4 time. The third and final movement is the famous "Alla Turca" (Turkish Rondo) in 2/4 time. It is considered one of the finest examples of Viennese Turkish music that was produced in the late 18th century. The rondo's rolled block bass chords suggest the drum rolls of a Turkish Janissary band. In true classical style, the rondo alternates between major and minor keys, and loud and soft dynamics. The piece is a favorite for amateur recitals.
Sandy Dennis
Sakai, Osaka
And the largest kofun, "Daisen-kofun", the imperial tomb of Emperor Nintoku is located.
Nebraska City
Necropolis (city of the dead) is a large cemetery complex. One of the most famous is in Thebes, Egypt.
Air (visual novel)
Air is a Japanese adult visual novel developed by Key released on September 8, 2000 playable on Windows PCs. Key later released versions of "Air" without the erotic content, and the game was ported to the Dreamcast, PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. Comic anthologies and art books were also published, as were audio dramas and several albums of music. Kyoto Animation produced a 13-episode anime television series and a two-episode anime mini-series in 2005, and Toei Animation produced an anime film in 2005.
The story follows the life of Yukito Kunisaki, a traveling showman searching for the "girl in the sky". He arrives in a quiet, seaside town where he meets three girls, one of whom is the key to the end of his journey.
Hebrew name
Hebrew names are names that have come from the Hebrew language. Traditionally they come from the Hebrew Bible.
They are mostly used by people living in Jewish or Christian parts of the world, but some are also adapted to the Islamic world, particularly if a Hebrew name is mentioned in the Qur'an.
When Hebrew-speaking Muslims give names, they do not necessarily use Jewish or Christian names. A typical Hebrew name can have many different forms – an important principle of the Jewish religion worldwide is to give a Hebrew name to a child that is used throughout his or her lifetime.
Not all Hebrew names are strictly Hebrew in origin: some may have been "taken" from other languages since ancient times. These include Egyptian, Aramaic, Phoenician, Greek, Latin, Arabic, Spanish, German, and English.
John Gavin
John Gavin (John Anthony Golenor; April 8, 1931 – February 9, 2018) was an American politician and actor. He was the Ambassador to Mexico from 1981 through 1986 under President Ronald Reagan. Gavin was in many movies. He was president of the Screen Actors Guild from 1971 through 1973. He was originally to play James Bond in two movies, but was rejected because he was not British.
Gavin was born on April 8, 1931 in Los Angeles, California to an Irish and Mexican family. He studied at St. John's Military Academy and at Stanford University. Gavin was married to Cecily Evans from 1957 until they divorced in the same year. They had seven children together. He married Constance Towers in 1974. He had two step-children.
Gavin died of pneumonia at his home in Los Angeles on February 9, 2018 at the age of 86.
Dale Robertson
Dayle Lymoine "Dale" Robertson (July 14, 1923 – February 27, 2013) was an American actor. He was best known for his role as Jim Hardie in "Tales of Wells Fargo". He won the Golden Boot Award in 1985.
Robertson was born on July 24, 1923 in Hurrah, Oklahoma. He was raised in Claremore, Oklahoma. Robertson studied at Oklahoma Military Academy. He was married to Susan Robertson until his death in 2013. Robertson died on February 27, 2013 from pneumonia caused by lung cancer in his home in San Diego, California, aged 89.
Who is a Jew?
Who is a Jew? () is the basic question about the identity of Jews, or in other words: which people are considered to be Jewish.
The definition of who is a Jew may depend on a few things. Because Judaism has no specific race, it can include characteristics of an ethnicity, religion, and citizenship, and so the definition of who is a Jew is not specific.
This question has been a subject to legal arguments, especially in Israel but also outside of it. There have been court cases in Israel since 1962 which had to address the question. In addition, the United Kingdom and other countries has had to consider whether the question was a racial issue or not.
It was an important question to the Nazi party in Germany. The Nazis decided who a Jew was with the Nuremberg Laws.
The question is based on the person's genealogy. Simple definition: a person is a Jew either by birth (in any case if one's mother is Jewish) or by religious conversion.
However, some disagree. Therefore, the following need to be taken into account:
Logo of Wikipedia
The logo of Wikipedia, which is a free, open-source online encyclopedia, that's accessible in many languages, is a picture that shows the following description:
A cut globe made from Jigsaw puzzle pieces with some missing at the top, and has glyphs from many different writing systems.
As shown on the web pages of the English-language version of Wikipedia, it says "Wikipedia" under it, and there's a text that says "The Free Encyclopedia", in the free open-source font.
Registered user
A registered user is a person who uses a program or a website and signs up to them by providing his or her identity information.
Registered users may be different depending on the platform they are using, and could have some advantage over guest users in many aspects - however, criticism on the matter has been a big deal.
University of New South Wales
The Alphabet Killer
Crop (anatomy)
A crop (sometimes called a croup or craw) is a thin-walled expanded portion of the alimentary canal used for storing food before digestion. It is found in many animals. It occurs in birds, some dinosaurs, and invertebrate animals such as gastropods (snails and slugs), earthworms, leeches, and insects.
In a bird's digestive system, the crop is an expanded, muscular pouch near the gullet or throat. It is a part of the digestive tract, essentially an enlarged part of the oesophagus. As with most other organisms that have a crop, the crop is used to temporarily store food. Not all birds have a crop. In adult doves and pigeons, the crop can produce crop milk to feed newly hatched birds.
Scavenging birds, such as vultures, will gorge themselves when prey is abundant, causing their crop to bulge. They subsequently sit, sleepy or half torpid, to digest their food.
Most raptors, including hawks, eagles and vultures (as stated above), have a crop; however, owls do not.
Cropping is used by bees to temporarily store nectar of flowers. When bees "suck" nectar, it is stored in their crops.
In a gizzard, the food is ground down before digestion, usually by stones. Gizzards have a tougher lining, and muscles. The gizzard is lower down the digestive tract, and more like a part of the stomach.
The crop is just a storage device. Often, it pays a bird to feed while the going is good, and do the digestion later. In many birds and in bees, the food is eventually brought back to the nest and given to family members.
In other species, food brought back to the nest is pre-digested. That would mean it is regurgitated (brought up) from the stomach.
Dassault Rafale