AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
sponger: one who sponges, or uses a sponge.-one employed in gathering sponges.-fig.: a parasitical dependent; a hanger-on.
spongiae: the grand division of the animal kingdom which includes the sponges; -- called also spongida, spongiaria, spongiozoa, and porifera.
spongin: the chemical basis of sponge tissue, a nitrogenous, hornlike substance which on decomposition with sulphuric acid yields leucin and glycocoll.
sponging: of sponge-a. & n. from sponge, v.
spongiole: a supposed spongelike expansion of the tip of a rootlet for absorbing water; -- called also spongelet.
spongiolite: one of the microsporic siliceous spicules which occur abundantly in the texture of sponges, and are sometimes found fossil, as in flints.
spongiopilin: a kind of cloth interwoven with small pieces of sponge and rendered waterproof on one side by a covering of rubber. when moistend with hot water it is used as a poultice.
spongious: somewhat spongy; spongelike; full of small cavities like sponge; as, spongious bones.
spongoblast: one of the cells which, in sponges, secrete the spongin, or the material of the horny fibers.
spongy: soft, and full of cavities; of an open, loose, pliable texture; as, a spongy excrescence; spongy earth; spongy cake; spongy bones.-wet; drenched; soaked and soft, like sponge; rainy.-having the quality of imbibing fluids, like a sponge.
sponsion: the act of becoming surety for another.-an act or engagement on behalf of a state, by an agent not specially authorized for the purpose, or by one who exceeds the limits of authority.
sponson: one of the triangular platforms in front of, and abaft, the paddle boxes of a steamboat.-one of the slanting supports under the guards of a steamboat.-one of the armored projections fitted with gun ports, used on modern war vessels.
sponsor: one who binds himself to answer for another, and is responsible for his default; a surety.-one who at the baptism of an infant professore the christian faith in its name, and guarantees its religious education; a godfather or godmother.
spontaneity: the quality or state of being spontaneous, or acting from native feeling, proneness, or temperament, without constraint or external force.-the tendency to undergo change, characteristic of both animal and vegetable organisms, and not restrained or cheked by the environment.-the tendency to activity of muscular tissue, including the voluntary muscles, when in a state of healthful vigor and refreshment.
spontaneous: proceding from natural feeling, temperament, or disposition, or from a native internal proneness, readiness, or tendency, without constraint; as, a spontaneous gift or proportion.-proceeding from, or acting by, internal impulse, energy, or natural law, without external force; as, spontaneous motion; spontaneous growth.-produced without being planted, or without human labor; as, a spontaneous growth of wood.
spontoon: a kind of half-pike, or halberd, formerly borne by inferior officers of the british infantry, and used in giving signals to the soldiers.
spook: a spirit; a ghost; an apparition; a hobgoblin.-the chimaera.
spool: a piece of cane or red with a knot at each end, or a hollow cylinder of wood with a ridge at each end, used to wind thread or yarn upon.-to wind on a spool or spools.
spoom: to be driven steadily and swiftly, as before a strong wind; to be driven before the wind without any sail, or with only a part of the sails spread; to scud under bare poles.
spoon: see spoom.-an implement consisting of a small bowl (usually a shallow oval) with a handle, used especially in preparing or eating food.-anything which resembles a spoon in shape; esp. (fishing), a spoon bait.-fig.: a simpleton; a spooney.-to take up in, or as in, a spoon.-to act with demonstrative or foolish fondness, as one in love.
spoon-meat: food that is, or must be, taken with a spoon; liquid food.
spoonbill: any one of several species of wading birds of the genera ajaja and platalea, and allied genera, in which the long bill is broadly expanded and flattened at the tip.-the shoveler. see shoveler, 2.-the ruddy duck. see under ruddy.-the paddlefish.
spoondrift: spray blown from the tops waves during a gale at sea; also, snow driven in the wind at sea; -- written also spindrift.
spooney: weak-minded; demonstratively fond; as, spooney lovers.-a weak-minded or silly person; one who is foolishly fond.
spoonful: the quantity which a spoon contains, or is able to contain; as, a teaspoonful; a tablespoonful.-hence, a small quantity.
spoonworm: a gephyrean worm of the genus thalassema, having a spoonlike probiscis.
spoor: the track or trail of any wild animal; as, the spoor of an elephant; -- used originally by travelers in south africa.-to follow a spoor or trail.
sporades: stars not included in any constellation; -- called also informed, or unformed, stars.
sporadic: occuring singly, or apart from other things of the same kind, or in scattered instances; separate; single; as, a sporadic fireball; a sporadic case of disease; a sporadic example of a flower.
sporangiophore: the axis or receptacle in certain ferns (as trichomanes), which bears the sporangia.
sporangium: a spore case in the cryptogamous plants, as in ferns, etc.
spore: one of the minute grains in flowerless plants, which are analogous to seeds, as serving to reproduce the species.-an embryo sac or embryonal vesicle in the ovules of flowering plants.-a minute grain or germ; a small, round or ovoid body, formed in certain organisms, and by germination giving rise to a new organism; as, the reproductive spores of bacteria, etc.-one of the parts formed by fission in certain protozoa. see spore formation, belw.
sporidium: a secondary spore, or a filament produced from a spore, in certain kinds of minute fungi.-a spore.
sporocarp: a closed body or conceptacle containing one or more masses of spores or sporangia.-a sporangium.
sporocyst: an asexual zooid, usually forming one of a series of larval forms in the agamic reproduction of various trematodes and other parasitic worms. the sporocyst generally develops from an egg, but in its turn produces other larvae by internal budding, or by the subdivision of a part or all of its contents into a number of minute germs. see redia.-any protozoan when it becomes encysted produces germs by sporulation.
sporogony: the growth or development of an animal or a zooid from a nonsexual germ.
sporophore: a placenta.-that alternately produced form of certain cryptogamous plants, as ferns, mosses, and the like, which is nonsexual, but produces spores in countless numbers. in ferns it is the leafy plant, in mosses the capsule.  cf. oophore.
sporosac: a hydrozoan reproductive zooid or gonophore which does not become medusoid in form or structure. see illust. under athecata.-an early or simple larval stage of trematode worms and some other invertebrates, which is capable or reproducing other germs by asexual generation; a nurse; a redia.
sporozoa: an extensive division of parasitic protozoa, which increase by sporulation. it includes the gregarinida.
sporran: a large purse or pouch made of skin with the hair or fur on, worn in front of the kilt by highlanders when in full dress.
sport: that which diverts, and makes mirth; pastime; amusement.-mock; mockery; contemptuous mirth; derision.-that with which one plays, or which is driven about in play; a toy; a plaything; an object of mockery.-play; idle jingle.-diversion of the field, as fowling, hunting, fishing, racing, games, and the like, esp. when money is staked.-a plant or an animal, or part of a plant or animal, which has some peculiarity not usually seen in the species; an abnormal variety or growth. see sporting plant, under sporting.-a sportsman; a gambler.-to play; to frolic; to wanton.-to practice the diversions of the field or the turf; to be given to betting, as upon races.-to trifle.-to assume suddenly a new and different character from the rest of the plant or from the type of the species; -- said of a bud, shoot, plant, or animal. see sport, n., 6.-to divert; to amuse; to make merry; -- used with the reciprocal pronoun.-to represent by any knd of play.-to exhibit, or bring out, in public; to use or wear; as, to sport a new equipage.-to give utterance to in a sportive manner; to throw out in an easy and copious manner; -- with off; as, to sport off epigrams.
sportful: full of sport; merry; frolicsome; full of jesting; indulging in mirth or play; playful; wanton; as, a sportful companion.-done in jest, or for mere play; sportive.
sporting: of sport-of pertaining to, or engaging in, sport or sporrts; exhibiting the character or conduct of one who, or that which, sports.
sportive: tending to, engaged in, or provocate of, sport; gay; froliscome; playful; merry.
sportsman: one who pursues the sports of the field; one who hunts, fishes, etc.
sportula: a gift; a present; a prize; hence, an alms; a largess.
sportule: a charitable gift or contribution; a gift; an alms; a dole; a largess; a sportula.
sporulation: the act or process of forming spores; spore formation. see illust. of bacillus, b.
spot: a mark on a substance or body made by foreign matter; a blot; a place discolored.-a stain on character or reputation; something that soils purity; disgrace; reproach; fault; blemish.-a small part of a different color from the main part, or from the ground upon which it is; as, the spots of a leopard; the spots on a playing card.-a small extent of space; a place; any particular place.-a variety of the common domestic pigeon, so called from a spot on its head just above its beak.-a sciaenoid food fish (liostomus xanthurus) of the atlantic coast of the united states. it has a black spot behind the shoulders and fifteen oblique dark bars on the sides. called also goody, lafayette, masooka, and old wife.-the southern redfish, or red horse, which has a spot on each side at the base of the tail. see redfish.-commodities, as merchandise and cotton, sold for immediate delivery.-to make visible marks upon with some foreign matter; to discolor in or with spots; to stain; to cover with spots or figures; as, to spot a garnment; to spot paper.-to mark or note so as to insure recognition; to recognize; to detect; as, to spot a criminal.-to stain; to blemish; to taint; to disgrace; to tarnish, as reputation; to asperse.-to become stained with spots.
spotless: without a spot; especially, free from reproach or impurity; pure; untainted; innocent; as, a spotless mind; spotless behavior.
spousal: of or pertaining to a spouse or marriage; nuptial; matrimonial; conjugal; bridal; as, spousal rites; spousal ornaments.-marriage; nuptials; espousal; -- generally used in the plural; as, the spousals of hippolita.
spouse: a man or woman engaged or joined in wedlock; a married person, husband or wife.-a married man, in distinct from a spousess or married woman; a bridegroom or husband.-to wed; to espouse.
spout: to throw out forcibly and abudantly, as liquids through an office or a pipe; to eject in a jet; as, an elephant spouts water from his trunk.-to utter magniloquently; to recite in an oratorical or pompous manner.-to pawn; to pledge; as, spout a watch.-to issue with with violence, or in a jet, as a liquid through a narrow orifice, or from a spout; as, water spouts from a hole; blood spouts from an artery.-to eject water or liquid in a jet.-to utter a speech, especially in a pompous manner.-that through which anything spouts; a discharging lip, pipe, or orifice; a tube, pipe, or conductor of any kind through which a liquid is poured, or by which it is conveyed in a stream from one place to another; as, the spout of a teapot; a spout for conducting water from the roof of a building.-a trough for conducting grain, flour, etc., into a receptacle.-a discharge or jet of water or other liquid, esp. when rising in a column; also, a waterspout.
spoutfish: a marine animal that spouts water; -- applied especially to certain bivalve mollusks, like the long clams (mya), which spout, or squirt out, water when retiring into their holes.
spoutshell: any marine gastropod shell of the genus apporhais having an elongated siphon. see illust. under rostrifera.
sprag: a young salmon.-a billet of wood; a piece of timber used as a prop.-to check the motion of, as a carriage on a steep grade, by putting a sprag between the spokes of the wheel.-to prop or sustain with a sprag.-see sprack, a.
sprain: to weaken, as a joint, ligament, or muscle, by sudden and excessive exertion, as by wrenching; to overstrain, or stretch injuriously, but without luxation; as, to sprain one's ankle.-the act or result of spraining; lameness caused by spraining; as, a bad sprain of the wrist.
sprat: a small european herring (clupea sprattus) closely allied to the common herring and the pilchard; -- called also garvie. the name is also applied to small herring of different kinds.-a california surf-fish (rhacochilus toxotes); -- called also alfione, and perch.
sprawl: to spread and stretch the body or limbs carelessly in a horizontal position; to lie with the limbs stretched out ungracefully.-to spread irregularly, as vines, plants, or tress; to spread ungracefully, as chirography.-to move, when lying down, with awkward extension and motions of the limbs; to scramble in creeping.
spray: a small shoot or branch; a twig.-a collective body of small branches; as, the tree has a beautiful spray.-a side channel or branch of the runner of a flask, made to distribute the metal in all parts of the mold.-a group of castings made in the same mold and connected by sprues formed in the runner and its branches.-water flying in small drops or particles, as by the force of wind, or the dashing of waves, or from a waterfall, and the like.-a jet of fine medicated vapor, used either as an application to a diseased part or to charge the air of a room with a disinfectant or a deodorizer.-an instrument for applying such a spray; an atomizer.-to let fall in the form of spray.-to throw spray upon; to treat with a liquid in the form of spray; as, to spray a wound, or a surgical instrument, with carbolic acid.
spread: of spread-to extend in length and breadth, or in breadth only; to stretch or expand to a broad or broader surface or extent; to open; to unfurl; as, to spread a carpet; to spread a tent or a sail.-to extend so as to cover something; to extend to a great or grater extent in every direction; to cause to fill or cover a wide or wider space.-to divulge; to publish, as news or fame; to cause to be more extensively known; to disseminate; to make known fully; as, to spread a report; -- often acompanied by abroad.-to propagate; to cause to affect great numbers; as, to spread a disease.-to diffuse, as emanations or effluvia; to emit; as, odoriferous plants spread their fragrance.-to strew; to scatter over a surface; as, to spread manure; to spread lime on the ground.-to prepare; to set and furnish with provisions; as, to spread a table.-to extend in length and breadth in all directions, or in breadth only; to be extended or stretched; to expand.-to be extended by drawing or beating; as, some metals spread with difficulty.-to be made known more extensively, as news.-to be propagated from one to another; as, the disease spread into all parts of the city.-extent; compass.-expansion of parts.-a cloth used as a cover for a table or a bed.-a table, as spread or furnished with a meal; hence, an entertainment of food; a feast.-a privilege which one person buys of another, of demanding certain shares of stock at a certain price, or of delivering the same shares of stock at another price, within a time agreed upon.-an unlimited expanse of discontinuous points.-imp. & p. p. of spread, v.
spread-eagle: characterized by a pretentious, boastful, exaggerated style; defiantly or extravagantly bombastic; as, a spread-eagle orator; a spread-eagle speech.
spreader: one who, or that which, spreads, expands, or propogates.-a machine for combining and drawing fibers of flax to form a sliver preparatory to spinning.
sprechery: movables of an inferior description; especially, such as have been collected by depredation.
spree: a merry frolic; especially, a drinking frolic; a carousal.
sprengel pump: a form of air pump in which exhaustion is produced by a stream of mercury running down a narrow tube, in the manner of an aspirator; -- named from the inventor.
sprig: a small shoot or twig of a tree or other plant; a spray; as, a sprig of laurel or of parsley.-a youth; a lad; -- used humorously or in slight disparagement.-a brad, or nail without a head.-a small eyebolt ragged or barbed at the point.-to mark or adorn with the representation of small branches; to work with sprigs; as, to sprig muslin.
spright: spirit; mind; soul; state of mind; mood.-a supernatural being; a spirit; a shade; an apparition; a ghost.-a kind of short arrow.-to haunt, as a spright.
sprightful: full of spirit or of life; earnest; vivacious; lively; brisk; nimble; gay.
sprightliness: the quality or state of being sprightly; liveliness; life; briskness; vigor; activity; gayety; vivacity.
sprightly: sprightlike, or spiritlike; lively; brisk; animated; vigorous; airy; gay; as, a sprightly youth; a sprightly air; a sprightly dance.
sprigtail: the pintail duck; -- called also sprig, and spreet-tail.-the sharp-tailed grouse.
spring: to leap; to bound; to jump.-to issue with speed and violence; to move with activity; to dart; to shoot.-to start or rise suddenly, as from a covert.-to fly back; as, a bow, when bent, springs back by its elastic power.-to bend from a straight direction or plane surface; to become warped; as, a piece of timber, or a plank, sometimes springs in seasoning.-to shoot up, out, or forth; to come to the light; to begin to appear; to emerge; as a plant from its seed, as streams from their source, and the like; -often followed by up, forth, or out.-to issue or proceed, as from a parent or ancestor; to result, as from a cause, motive, reason, or principle.-to grow; to prosper.-to cause to spring up; to start or rouse, as game; to cause to rise from the earth, or from a covert; as, to spring a pheasant.-to produce or disclose suddenly or unexpectedly.-to cause to explode; as, to spring a mine.-to crack or split; to bend or strain so as to weaken; as, to spring a mast or a yard.-to cause to close suddenly, as the parts of a trap operated by a spring; as, to spring a trap.-to bend by force, as something stiff or strong; to force or put by bending, as a beam into its sockets, and allowing it to straighten when in place; -- often with in, out, etc.; as, to spring in a slat or a bar.-to pass over by leaping; as, to spring a fence.-a leap; a bound; a jump.-a flying back; the resilience of a body recovering its former state by elasticity; as, the spring of a bow.-elastic power or force.-an elastic body of any kind, as steel, india rubber, tough wood, or compressed air, used for various mechanical purposes, as receiving and imparting power, diminishing concussion, regulating motion, measuring weight or other force.-any source of supply; especially, the source from which a stream proceeds; as issue of water from the earth; a natural fountain.-any active power; that by which action, or motion, is produced or propagated; cause; origin; motive.-that which springs, or is originated, from a source;-a race; lineage.-a youth; a springal.-a shoot; a plant; a young tree; also, a grove of trees; woodland.-that which causes one to spring; specifically, a lively tune.-the season of the year when plants begin to vegetate and grow; the vernal season, usually comprehending the months of march, april, and may, in the middle latitudes north of the equator.-the time of growth and progress; early portion; first stage.-a crack or fissure in a mast or yard, running obliquely or transversely.-a line led from a vessel's quarter to her cable so that by tightening or slacking it she can be made to lie in any desired position; a line led diagonally from the bow or stern of a vessel to some point upon the wharf to which she is moored.
springal: alt. of springall-an ancient military engine for casting stones and arrows by means of a spring.
springboard: an elastic board, secured at the ends, or at one end, often by elastic supports, used in performing feats of agility or in exercising.
springbuck: a south african gazelle (gazella euchore) noted for its graceful form and swiftness, and for its peculiar habit of springing lighty and suddenly into the air. it has a white dorsal stripe, expanding into a broad patch of white on the rump and tail. called also springer.
springe: a noose fastened to an elastic body, and drawn close with a sudden spring, whereby it catches a bird or other animal; a gin; a snare.-to catch in a springe; to insnare.-to sprinkle; to scatter.
springer: one who, or that which, springs; specifically, one who rouses game.-a young plant.-the impost, or point at which an arch rests upon its support, and from which it seems to spring.-the bottom stone of an arch, which lies on the impost. the skew back is one form of springer.-the rib of a groined vault, as being the solid abutment for each section of vaulting.-the grampus.-a variety of the field spaniel. see spaniel.-a species of antelope; the sprinkbok.
springing: of spring-the act or process of one who, or that which, springs.-growth; increase; also, that which springs up; a shoot; a plant.
springtail: any one of numerous species of small apterous insects belonging to the order thysanura. they have two elastic caudal stylets which can be bent under the abdomen and then suddenly extended like a spring, thus enabling them to leap to a considerable distance. see collembola, and podura.
springy: resembling, having the qualities of, or pertaining to, a spring; elastic; as, springy steel; a springy step.-abounding with springs or fountains; wet; spongy; as, springy land.
sprinkle: to scatter in small drops or particles, as water, seed, etc.-to scatter on; to disperse something over in small drops or particles; to besprinkle; as, to sprinkle the earth with water; to sprinkle a floor with sand.-to baptize by the application of a few drops, or a small quantity, of water; hence, to cleanse; to purify.-to scatter a liquid, or any fine substance, so that it may fall in particles.-to rain moderately, or with scattered drops falling now and then; as, it sprinkles.-to fly or be scattered in small drops or particles.-a small quantity scattered, or sparsely distributed; a sprinkling.-a utensil for sprinkling; a sprinkler.
sprinkler: one who sprinkles.-an instrument or vessel used in sprinkling; specifically, a watering pot.
sprinkling: of sprinkle-the act of one who, or that which, sprinkles.-a small quantity falling in distinct drops or particles; as, a sprinkling of rain or snow.-hence, a moderate number or quantity distributed like drops.
sprint: to run very rapidly; to run at full speed.-the act of sprinting; a run of a short distance at full speed.
sprinter: one who sprints; one who runs in sprint races; as, a champion sprinter.
sprit: to throw out with force from a narrow orifice; to eject; to spurt out.-to sprout; to bud; to germinate, as barley steeped for malt.-a shoot; a sprout.-a small boom, pole, or spar, which crosses the sail of a boat diagonally from the mast to the upper aftmost corner, which it is used to extend and elevate.
sprite: a spirit; a soul; a shade; also, an apparition. see spright.-an elf; a fairy; a goblin.-the green woodpecker, or yaffle.
spritely: see sprightful, sprightfully, sprightliness, sprightly, etc.
spritsail: a sail extended by a sprit.-a sail formerly hung under the bowsprit, from the spritsail yard.
sprout: to shoot, as the seed of a plant; to germinate; to push out new shoots; hence, to grow like shoots of plants.-to shoot into ramifications.-to cause to sprout; as, the rain will sprout the seed.-to deprive of sprouts; as, to sprout potatoes.-the shoot of a plant; a shoot from the seed, from the stump, or from the root or tuber, of a plant or tree; more rarely, a shoot from the stem of a plant, or the end of a branch.-young coleworts; brussels sprouts.