AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
ridge: the back, or top of the back; a crest.-a range of hills or mountains, or the upper part of such a range; any extended elevation between valleys.-a raised line or strip, as of ground thrown up by a plow or left between furrows or ditches, or as on the surface of metal, cloth, or bone, etc.-the intersection of two surface forming a salient angle, especially the angle at the top between the opposite slopes or sides of a roof or a vault.-the highest portion of the glacis proceeding from the salient angle of the covered way.-to form a ridge of; to furnish with a ridge or ridges; to make into a ridge or ridges.-to form into ridges with the plow, as land.-to wrinkle.
ridgeband: the part of a harness which passes over the saddle, and supports the shafts of a cart; -- called also ridgerope, and ridger.
ridgepole: the timber forming the ridge of a roof, into which the rafters are secured.
ridicule: an object of sport or laughter; a laughingstock; a laughing matter.-remarks concerning a subject or a person designed to excite laughter with a degree of contempt; wit of that species which provokes contemptuous laughter; disparagement by making a person an object of laughter; banter; -- a term lighter than derision.-quality of being ridiculous; ridiculousness.-to laugh at mockingly or disparagingly; to awaken ridicule toward or respecting.-ridiculous.
ridiculosity: the quality or state of being ridiculous; ridiculousness; also, something ridiculous.
ridiculous: fitted to excite ridicule; absurd and laughable; unworthy of serious consideration; as, a ridiculous dress or behavior.-involving or expressing ridicule.
riding: of ride-one of the three jurisdictions into which the county of york, in england, is divided; -- formerly under the government of a reeve. they are called the north, the east, and the west, riding.-employed to travel; traveling; as, a riding clerk.-used for riding on; as, a riding horse.-used for riding, or when riding; devoted to riding; as, a riding whip; a riding habit; a riding day.-the act or state of one who rides.-a festival procession.-same as ride, n., 3.-a district in charge of an excise officer.
ridotto: a favorite italian public entertainment, consisting of music and dancing, -- held generally on fast eves.-to hold ridottos.
rietboc: the reedbuck, a south african antelope (cervicapra arundinacea); -- so called from its frequenting dry places covered with high grass or reeds. its color is yellowish brown. called also inghalla, and rietbok.
riffle: a trough or sluice having cleats, grooves, or steps across the bottom for holding quicksilver and catching particles of gold when auriferous earth is washed; also, one of the cleats, grooves, or steps in such a trough. also called ripple.
rifle: to seize and bear away by force; to snatch away; to carry off.-to strip; to rob; to pillage.-to raffle.-to raffle.-to commit robbery.-a gun, the inside of whose barrel is grooved with spiral channels, thus giving the ball a rotary motion and insuring greater accuracy of fire. as a military firearm it has superseded the musket.-a body of soldiers armed with rifles.-a strip of wood covered with emery or a similar material, used for sharpening scythes.-to grove; to channel; especially, to groove internally with spiral channels; as, to rifle a gun barrel or a cannon.-to whet with a rifle. see rifle, n., 3.
riflebird: any one of several species of beautiful birds of australia and new guinea, of the genera ptiloris and craspidophora, allied to the paradise birds.
rifling: of rifle-the act or process of making the grooves in a rifled cannon or gun barrel.-the system of grooves in a rifled gun barrel or cannon.
rift: p. p. of rive.-an opening made by riving or splitting; a cleft; a fissure.-a shallow place in a stream; a ford.-to cleave; to rive; to split; as, to rift an oak or a rock; to rift the clouds.-to burst open; to split.-to belch.
rig: a ridge.-to furnish with apparatus or gear; to fit with tackling.-to dress; to equip; to clothe, especially in an odd or fanciful manner; -- commonly followed by out.-the peculiar fitting in shape, number, and arrangement of sails and masts, by which different types of vessels are distinguished; as, schooner rig, ship rig, etc.  see illustration in appendix.-dress; esp., odd or fanciful clothing.-a romp; a wanton; one given to unbecoming conduct.-a sportive or unbecoming trick; a frolic.-a blast of wind.-to play the wanton; to act in an unbecoming manner; to play tricks.-to make free with; hence, to steal; to pilfer.
riga fir: a species of pine (pinus sylvestris), and its wood, which affords a valuable timber; -- called also scotch pine, and red / yellow deal. it grows in all parts of europe, in the caucasus, and in siberia.
rigadoon: a gay, lively dance for one couple, -- said to have been borrowed from provence in france.
rigger: one who rigs or dresses; one whose occupation is to fit the rigging of a ship.-a cylindrical pulley or drum in machinery.
rigging: of rig-dress; tackle; especially (naut.), the ropes, chains, etc., that support the masts and spars of a vessel, and serve as purchases for adjusting the sails, etc. see illustr. of ship and sails.
right whale: the bowhead, arctic, or greenland whale (balaena mysticetus), from whose mouth the best whalebone is obtained.-any other whale that produces valuable whalebone, as the atlantic, or biscay, right whale (balaena cisarctica), and the pacific right whale (b. sieboldii); a bone whale.
right-about: a turning directly about by the right, so as to face in the opposite direction; also, the quarter directly opposite; as, to turn to the right-about.
right-angled: containing a right angle or right angles; as, a right-angled triangle.
right-hand: situated or being on the right; nearer the right hand than the left; as, the right-hand side, room, or road.-chiefly relied on; almost indispensable.
right-handed: using the right hand habitually, or more easily than the left.-having the same direction or course as the movement of the hands of a watch seen in front; -- said of the motion of a revolving object looked at from a given direction.-having the whorls rising from left to right; dextral; -- said of spiral shells. see illust. of scalaria.
right-handedness: the state or quality of being right-handed; hence, skill; dexterity.
right-lined: formed by right lines; rectilineal; as, a right-lined angle.
righteous: doing, or according with, that which is right; yielding to all their due; just; equitable; especially, free from wrong, guilt, or sin; holy; as, a righteous man or act; a righteous retribution.
righteousness: the quality or state of being righteous; holiness; purity; uprightness; rectitude.-a righteous act, or righteous quality.-the act or conduct of one who is righteous.-the state of being right with god; justification; the work of christ, which is the ground of justification.
rightful: righteous; upright; just; good; -- said of persons.-consonant to justice; just; as, a rightful cause.-having the right or just claim according to established laws; being or holding by right; as, the rightful heir to a throne or an estate; a rightful king.-belonging, held, or possessed by right, or by just claim; as, a rightful inheritance; rightful authority.
rightfulness: the quality or state of being rightful; accordance with right and justice.-moral rectitude; righteousness.
rightly: straightly; directly; in front.-according to justice; according to the divine will or moral rectitude; uprightly; as, duty rightly performed.-properly; fitly; suitably; appropriately.-according to truth or fact; correctly; not erroneously; exactly.
rightness: straightness; as, the rightness of a line.-the quality or state of being right; right relation.
rigid: firm; stiff; unyielding; not pliant; not flexible.-hence, not lax or indulgent; severe; inflexible; strict; as, a rigid father or master; rigid discipline; rigid criticism; a rigid sentence.
rigidity: the quality or state of being rigid; want of pliability; the quality of resisting change of form; the amount of resistance with which a body opposes change of form; -- opposed to flexibility, ductility, malleability, and softness.-stiffness of appearance or manner; want of ease or elegance.-severity; rigor.
rigmarole: a succession of confused or nonsensical statements; foolish talk; nonsense.-consisting of rigmarole; frovolous; nonsensical; foolish.
rigoll: a musical instrument formerly in use, consisting of several sticks bound together, but separated by beads, and played with a stick with a ball at its end.
rigor: rigidity; stiffness.-a sense of chilliness, with contraction of the skin; a convulsive shuddering or tremor, as in the chill preceding a fever.-the becoming stiff or rigid; the state of being rigid; rigidity; stiffness; hardness.-see 1st rigor, 2.-severity of climate or season; inclemency; as, the rigor of the storm; the rigors of winter.-stiffness of opinion or temper; rugged sternness; hardness; relentless severity; hard-heartedness; cruelty.-exactness without allowance, deviation, or indulgence; strictness; as, the rigor of criticism; to execute a law with rigor; to enforce moral duties with rigor; -- opposed to lenity.-severity of life; austerity; voluntary submission to pain, abstinence, or mortification.-violence; force; fury.
rigorism: rigidity in principle or practice; strictness; -- opposed to laxity.-severity, as of style, or the like.
rigorous: manifesting, exercising, or favoring rigor; allowing no abatement or mitigation; scrupulously accurate; exact; strict; severe; relentless; as, a rigorous officer of justice; a rigorous execution of law; a rigorous definition or demonstration.-severe; intense; inclement; as, a rigorous winter.-violent.
rigsdaler: a danish coin worth about fifty-four cents. it was the former unit of value in denmark.
riksdaler: a swedish coin worth about twenty-seven cents. it was formerly the unit of value in sweden.
rile: to render turbid or muddy; to stir up; to roil.-to stir up in feelings; to make angry; to vex.
rill: a very small brook; a streamlet.-see rille.-to run a small stream.
rille: one of certain narrow, crooked valleys seen, by aid of the telescope, on the surface of the moon.
rim: the border, edge, or margin of a thing, usually of something circular or curving; as, the rim of a kettle or basin.-the lower part of the abdomen.-to furnish with a rim; to border.
rimau dahan: the clouded tiger cat (felis marmorata) of southern asia and the east indies.
rimbase: a short cylinder connecting a trunnion with the body of a cannon. see illust. of cannon.
rime: a rent or long aperture; a chink; a fissure; a crack.-white frost; hoarfrost; congealed dew or vapor.-to freeze or congeal into hoarfrost.-a step or round of a ladder; a rung.-rhyme. see rhyme.-to rhyme. see rhyme.
rimer: a rhymer; a versifier.-a tool for shaping the rimes of a ladder.
rimmer: an implement for cutting, trimming, or ornamenting the rim of anything, as the edges of pies, etc.; also, a reamer.
rimose: full of rimes, fissures, or chinks.-having long and nearly parallel clefts or chinks, like those in the bark of trees.
rimple: a fold or wrinkle. see rumple.-to rumple; to wrinkle.
rind: the external covering or coat, as of flesh, fruit, trees, etc.; skin; hide; bark; peel; shell.-to remove the rind of; to bark.
rinderpest: a highly contagious distemper or murrain, affecting neat cattle, and less commonly sheep and goats; -- called also cattle plague, russian cattle plague, and steppe murrain.
rinforzando: increasing; strengthening; -- a direction indicating a sudden increase of force (abbreviated rf., rfz.) cf. forzando, and sforzando.
ring: to cause to sound, especially by striking, as a metallic body; as, to ring a bell.-to make (a sound), as by ringing a bell; to sound.-to repeat often, loudly, or earnestly.-to sound, as a bell or other sonorous body, particularly a metallic one.-to practice making music with bells.-to sound loud; to resound; to be filled with a ringing or reverberating sound.-to continue to sound or vibrate; to resound.-to be filled with report or talk; as, the whole town rings with his fame.-a sound; especially, the sound of vibrating metals; as, the ring of a bell.-any loud sound; the sound of numerous voices; a sound continued, repeated, or reverberated.-a chime, or set of bells harmonically tuned.-a circle, or a circular line, or anything in the form of a circular line or hoop.-specifically, a circular ornament of gold or other precious material worn on the finger, or attached to the ear, the nose, or some other part of the person; as, a wedding ring.-a circular area in which races are or run or other sports are performed; an arena.-an inclosed space in which pugilists fight; hence, figuratively, prize fighting.-a circular group of persons.-the plane figure included between the circumferences of two concentric circles.-the solid generated by the revolution of a circle, or other figure, about an exterior straight line (as an axis) lying in the same plane as the circle or other figure.-an instrument, formerly used for taking the sun's altitude, consisting of a brass ring suspended by a swivel, with a hole at one side through which a solar ray entering indicated the altitude on the graduated inner surface opposite.-an elastic band partly or wholly encircling the spore cases of ferns. see illust. of sporangium.-a clique; an exclusive combination of persons for a selfish purpose, as to control the market, distribute offices, obtain contracts, etc.-to surround with a ring, or as with a ring; to encircle.-to make a ring around by cutting away the bark; to girdle; as, to ring branches or roots.-to fit with a ring or with rings, as the fingers, or a swine's snout.-to rise in the air spirally.
ring-streaked: having circular streaks or lines on the body; as, ring-streaked goats.
ringbill: the ring-necked scaup duck; -- called also ring-billed blackhead. see scaup.
ringbird: the reed bunting. it has a collar of white feathers. called also ring bunting.
ringbone: a morbid growth or deposit of bony matter between or on the small pastern and the great pastern bones.
ringdove: a european wild pigeon (columba palumbus) having a white crescent on each side of the neck, whence the name. called also wood pigeon, and cushat.
ringed: of ring-encircled or marked with, or as with, a ring or rings.-wearning a wedding ring; hence, lawfully wedded.
ringent: having the lips widely separated and gaping like an open mouth; as a ringent bilabiate corolla.
ringer: one who, or that which, rings; especially, one who rings chimes on bells.-a crowbar.-a horse that is not entitled to take part in a race, but is fraudulently got into it.
ringleader: the leader of a circle of dancers; hence, the leader of a number of persons acting together; the leader of a herd of animals.-opprobriously, a leader of a body of men engaged in the violation of law or in an illegal enterprise, as rioters, mutineers, or the like.
ringlet: a small ring; a small circle; specifically, a fairy ring.-a curl; especially, a curl of hair.
ringmaster: one in charge of the performances (as of horses) within the ring in a circus.
ringneck: any one of several species of small plovers of the genus aegialitis, having a ring around the neck. the ring is black in summer, but becomes brown or gray in winter. the semipalmated plover (ae. semipalmata) and the piping plover (ae. meloda) are common north american species. called also ring plover, and ring-necked plover.-the ring-necked duck.
ringtail: a bird having a distinct band of color across the tail, as the hen harrier.-a light sail set abaft and beyong the leech of a boom-and-gaff sail; -- called also ringsail.
ringtoss: a game in which the object is to toss a ring so that it will catch upon an upright stick.
ringworm: a contagious affection of the skin due to the presence of a vegetable parasite, and forming ring-shaped discolored patches covered with vesicles or powdery scales. it occurs either on the body, the face, or the scalp.  different varieties are distinguished as tinea circinata, tinea tonsurans, etc., but all are caused by the same parasite (a species of trichophyton).
rink: the smooth and level extent of ice marked off for the game of curling.-an artificial sheet of ice, generally under cover, used for skating; also, a floor prepared for skating on with roller skates, or a building with such a floor.
rinse: to wash lightly; to cleanse with a second or repeated application of water after washing.-to cleancse by the introduction of water; -- applied especially to hollow vessels; as, to rinse a bottle.-the act of rinsing.
riot: wanton or unrestrained behavior; uproar; tumult.-excessive and exxpensive feasting; wild and loose festivity; revelry.-the tumultuous disturbance of the public peace by an unlawful assembly of three or more persons in the execution of some private object.-to engage in riot; to act in an unrestrained or wanton manner; to indulge in excess of luxury, feasting, or the like; to revel; to run riot; to go to excess.-to disturb the peace; to raise an uproar or sedition. see riot, n., 3.-to spend or pass in riot.
rioter: one who riots; a reveler; a roisterer.-one who engages in a riot. see riot, n., 3.
riotous: involving, or engaging in, riot; wanton; unrestrained; luxurious.-partaking of the nature of an unlawful assembly or its acts; seditious.
rip: a wicker fish basket.-to divide or separate the parts of, by cutting or tearing; to tear or cut open or off; to tear off or out by violence; as, to rip a garment by cutting the stitches; to rip off the skin of a beast; to rip up a floor; -- commonly used with up, open, off.-to get by, or as by, cutting or tearing.-to tear up for search or disclosure, or for alteration; to search to the bottom; to discover; to disclose; -- usually with up.-to saw (wood) lengthwise of the grain or fiber.-a rent made by ripping, esp. by a seam giving way; a tear; a place torn; laceration.-a term applied to a mean, worthless thing or person, as to a scamp, a debauchee, or a prostitute, or a worn-out horse.-a body of water made rough by the meeting of opposing tides or currents.
ripe: the bank of a river.-ready for reaping or gathering; having attained perfection; mature; -- said of fruits, seeds, etc.; as, ripe grain.-advanced to the state of fitness for use; mellow; as, ripe cheese; ripe wine.-having attained its full development; mature; perfected; consummate.-maturated or suppurated; ready to discharge; -- said of sores, tumors, etc.-ready for action or effect; prepared.-like ripened fruit in ruddiness and plumpness.-intoxicated.-to ripen; to grow ripe.-to mature; to ripen.
ripen: to grow ripe; to become mature, as grain, fruit, flowers, and the like; as, grapes ripen in the sun.-to approach or come to perfection.-to cause to mature; to make ripe; as, the warm days ripened the corn.-to mature; to fit or prepare; to bring to perfection; as, to ripen the judgment.
ripeness: the state or quality of being ripe; maturity;; completeness; perfection; as, the ripeness of grain; ripeness of manhood; ripeness of judgment.
ripidolite: a translucent mineral of a green color and micaceous structure, belonging to the chlorite group; a hydrous silicate of alumina, magnesia, and iron; -- called also clinochlore.
ripienist: a player in the ripieno portion of an orchestra. see ripieno.
ripieno: filling up; supplementary; supernumerary; -- a term applied to those instruments which only swell the mass or tutti of an orchestra, but are not obbligato.
ripost: in fencing, a return thrust after a parry.-a quick and sharp refort; a repartee.
ripper: one who brings fish from the seacoast to markets in inland towns.-one who, or that which, rips; a ripping tool.-a tool for trimming the edges of roofing slates.-anything huge, extreme, startling, etc.
ripple: an implement, with teeth like those of a comb, for removing the seeds and seed vessels from flax, broom corn, etc.-to remove the seeds from (the stalks of flax, etc.), by means of a ripple.-hence, to scratch or tear.-to become fretted or dimpled on the surface, as water when agitated or running over a rough bottom; to be covered with small waves or undulations, as a field of grain.-to make a sound as of water running gently over a rough bottom, or the breaking of ripples on the shore.-to fret or dimple, as the surface of running water; to cover with small waves or undulations; as, the breeze rippled the lake.-the fretting or dimpling of the surface, as of running water; little curling waves.-a little wave or undulation; a sound such as is made by little waves; as, a ripple of laughter.-a small wave on the surface of water or other liquids for which the driving force is not gravity, but surface tension.-the residual ac component in the dc current output from a rectifier, expressed as a percentage of the steady component of the current.
ripply: having ripples; as, ripply water; hence, resembling the sound of rippling water; as, ripply laughter; a ripply cove.
riprap: a foundation or sustaining wall of stones thrown together without order, as in deep water or on a soft bottom.-to form a riprap in or upon.
ripsaw: a handsaw with coarse teeth which have but a slight set, used for cutting wood in the direction of the fiber; -- called also ripping saw.
riptowel: a gratuity given to tenants after they had reaped their lord's corn.
risen: of rise-p. p. & a. from rise.-obs. imp. pl. of rise.
riser: one who rises; as, an early riser.-the upright piece of a step, from tread to tread.-any small upright face, as of a seat, platform, veranda, or the like.-a shaft excavated from below upward.-a feed head. see under feed, n.
risibility: the quality of being risible; as, risibility is peculiar to the human species.
risible: having the faculty or power of laughing; disposed to laugh.-exciting laughter; worthy to be laughed at; amusing.-used in, or expressing, laughter; as, risible muscles.
rising: of rise-attaining a higher place; taking, or moving in, an upward direction; appearing above the horizon; ascending; as, the rising moon.-increasing in wealth, power, or distinction; as, a rising state; a rising character.-growing; advancing to adult years and to the state of active life; as, the rising generation.-more than; exceeding; upwards of; as, a horse rising six years of age.-the act of one who, or that which, rises (in any sense).-that which rises; a tumor; a boil.
risk: hazard; danger; peril; exposure to loss, injury, or destruction.-hazard of loss; liabillity to loss in property.-to expose to risk, hazard, or peril; to venture; as, to risk goods on board of a ship; to risk one's person in battle; to risk one's fame by a publication.-to incur the risk or danger of; as, to risk a battle.
rissoid: any one of very numerous species of small spiral gastropods of the genus rissoa, or family rissoidae, found both in fresh and salt water.
rissole: a small ball of rich minced meat or fish, covered with pastry and fried.
rist: 3d pers. sing. pres. of rise, contracted from riseth.
rit: 3d pers. sing. pres. of ride, contracted from rideth.
rite: the act of performing divine or solemn service, as established by law, precept, or custom; a formal act of religion or other solemn duty; a solemn observance; a ceremony; as, the rites of freemasonry.
ritornello: a short return or repetition; a concluding symphony to an air, often consisting of the burden of the song.-a short intermediate symphony, or instrumental passage, in the course of a vocal piece; an interlude.
ritual: of or pertaining to rites or ritual; as, ritual service or sacrifices; the ritual law.-a prescribed form of performing divine service in a particular church or communion; as, the jewish ritual.-hence, the code of ceremonies observed by an organization; as, the ritual of the freemasons.-a book containing the rites to be observed.