AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
shackle: stubble.-something which confines the legs or arms so as to prevent their free motion; specifically, a ring or band inclosing the ankle or wrist, and fastened to a similar shackle on the other leg or arm, or to something else, by a chain or a strap; a gyve; a fetter.-hence, that which checks or prevents free action.-a fetterlike band worn as an ornament.-a link or loop, as in a chain, fitted with a movable bolt, so that the parts can be separated, or the loop removed; a clevis.-a link for connecting railroad cars; -- called also drawlink, draglink, etc.-the hinged and curved bar of a padlock, by which it is hung to the staple.-to tie or confine the limbs of, so as to prevent free motion; to bind with shackles; to fetter; to chain.-figuratively: to bind or confine so as to prevent or embarrass action; to impede; to cumber.-to join by a link or chain, as railroad cars.
shad: any one of several species of food fishes of the herring family. the american species (clupea sapidissima), which is abundant on the atlantic coast and ascends the larger rivers in spring to spawn, is an important market fish. the european allice shad, or alose (c. alosa), and the twaite shad. (c. finta), are less important species.
shadbird: the american, or wilson's, snipe. see under snipe. so called because it appears at the same time as the shad.-the common european sandpiper.
shadd: rounded stones containing tin ore, lying at the surface of the ground, and indicating a vein.
shaddock: a tree (citrus decumana) and its fruit, which is a large species of orange; -- called also forbidden fruit, and pompelmous.
shade: comparative obscurity owing to interception or interruption of the rays of light; partial darkness caused by the intervention of something between the space contemplated and the source of light.-darkness; obscurity; -- often in the plural.-an obscure place; a spot not exposed to light; hence, a secluded retreat.-that which intercepts, or shelters from, light or the direct rays of the sun; hence, also, that which protects from heat or currents of air; a screen; protection; shelter; cover; as, a lamp shade.-shadow.-the soul after its separation from the body; -- so called because the ancients it to be perceptible to the sight, though not to the touch; a spirit; a ghost; as, the shades of departed heroes.-the darker portion of a picture; a less illuminated part. see def. 1, above.-degree or variation of color, as darker or lighter, stronger or paler; as, a delicate shade of pink.-a minute difference or variation, as of thought, belief, expression, etc.; also, the quality or degree of anything which is distinguished from others similar by slight differences; as, the shades of meaning in synonyms.-to shelter or screen by intercepting the rays of light; to keep off illumination from.-to shelter; to cover from injury; to protect; to screen; to hide; as, to shade one's eyes.-to obscure; to dim the brightness of.-to pain in obscure colors; to darken.-to mark with gradations of light or color.-to present a shadow or image of; to shadow forth; to represent.
shading: of shade-act or process of making a shade.-that filling up which represents the effect of more or less darkness, expressing rotundity, projection, etc., in a picture or a drawing.
shadoof: a machine, resembling a well sweep, used in egypt for raising water from the nile for irrigation.
shadow: shade within defined limits; obscurity or deprivation of light, apparent on a surface, and representing the form of the body which intercepts the rays of light; as, the shadow of a man, of a tree, or of a tower. see the note under shade, n., 1.-darkness; shade; obscurity.-a shaded place; shelter; protection; security.-a reflected image, as in a mirror or in water.-that which follows or attends a person or thing like a shadow; an inseparable companion; hence, an obsequious follower.-a spirit; a ghost; a shade; a phantom.-an imperfect and faint representation; adumbration; indistinct image; dim bodying forth; hence, mystical representation; type.-a small degree; a shade.-an uninvited guest coming with one who is invited.-to cut off light from; to put in shade; to shade; to throw a shadow upon; to overspead with obscurity.-to conceal; to hide; to screen.-to protect; to shelter from danger; to shroud.-to mark with gradations of light or color; to shade.-to represent faintly or imperfectly; to adumbrate; hence, to represent typically.-to cloud; to darken; to cast a gloom over.-to attend as closely as a shadow; to follow and watch closely, especially in a secret or unobserved manner; as, a detective shadows a criminal.
shadowing: of shadow-shade, or gradation of light and color; shading.-a faint representation; an adumbration.
shadowy: full of shade or shadows; causing shade or shadow.-hence, dark; obscure; gloomy; dim.-not brightly luminous; faintly light.-faintly representative; hence, typical.-unsubstantial; unreal; as, shadowy honor.
shadrach: a mass of iron on which the operation of smelting has failed of its intended effect; -- so called from shadrach, one of the three hebrews who came forth unharmed from the fiery furnace of nebuchadnezzar. (see dan. iii. 26, 27.)
shady: abounding in shade or shades; overspread with shade; causing shade.-sheltered from the glare of light or sultry heat.-of or pertaining to shade or darkness; hence, unfit to be seen or known; equivocal; dubious or corrupt.
shafiite: a member of one of the four sects of the sunnites, or orthodox mohammedans; -- so called from its founder, mohammed al-shafei.
shaft: the slender, smooth stem of an arrow; hence, an arrow.-the long handle of a spear or similar weapon; hence, the weapon itself; (fig.) anything regarded as a shaft to be thrown or darted; as, shafts of light.-that which resembles in some degree the stem or handle of an arrow or a spear; a long, slender part, especially when cylindrical.-the trunk, stem, or stalk of a plant.-the stem or midrib of a feather.-the pole, or tongue, of a vehicle; also, a thill.-the part of a candlestick which supports its branches.-the handle or helve of certain tools, instruments, etc., as a hammer, a whip, etc.-a pole, especially a maypole.-the body of a column; the cylindrical pillar between the capital and base (see illust. of column). also, the part of a chimney above the roof. also, the spire of a steeple.-a column, an obelisk, or other spire-shaped or columnar monument.-a rod at the end of a heddle.-a solid or hollow cylinder or bar, having one or more journals on which it rests and revolves, and intended to carry one or more wheels or other revolving parts and to transmit power or motion; as, the shaft of a steam engine.-a humming bird (thaumastura cora) having two of the tail feathers next to the middle ones very long in the male; -- called also cora humming bird.-a well-like excavation in the earth, perpendicular or nearly so, made for reaching and raising ore, for raising water, etc.-a long passage for the admission or outlet of air; an air shaft.-the chamber of a blast furnace.
shafted: furnished with a shaft, or with shafts; as, a shafted arch.-having a shaft; -- applied to a spear when the head and the shaft are of different tinctures.
shafting: shafts, collectivelly; a system of connected shafts for communicating motion.
shag: coarse hair or nap; rough, woolly hair.-a kind of cloth having a long, coarse nap.-a kind of prepared tobacco cut fine.-any species of cormorant.-hairy; shaggy.-to make hairy or shaggy; hence, to make rough.
shagbark: a rough-barked species of hickory (carya alba), its nut. called also shellbark. see hickory.-the west indian pithecolobium micradenium, a legiminous tree with a red coiled-up pod.
shagginess: the quality or state of being shaggy; roughness; shaggedness.
shagreen: to chagrin.-a kind of untanned leather prepared in russia and the east, from the skins of horses, asses, and camels, and grained so as to be covered with small round granulations. this characteristic surface is produced by pressing small seeds into the grain or hair side when moist, and afterward, when dry, scraping off the roughness left between them, and then, by soaking, causing the portions of the skin which had been compressed or indented by the seeds to swell up into relief. it is used for covering small cases and boxes.-the skin of various small sharks and other fishes when having small, rough, bony scales. the dogfishes of the genus scyllium furnish a large part of that used in the arts.-alt. of shagreened
shagreened: made or covered with the leather called shagreen.-covered with rough scales or points like those on shagreen.
shahin: a large and swift asiatic falcon (falco pregrinator) highly valued in falconry.
shake: obs. p. p. of shake.-to cause to move with quick or violent vibrations; to move rapidly one way and the other; to make to tremble or shiver; to agitate.-fig.: to move from firmness; to weaken the stability of; to cause to waver; to impair the resolution of.-to give a tremulous tone to; to trill; as, to shake a note in music.-to move or remove by agitating; to throw off by a jolting or vibrating motion; to rid one's self of; -- generally with an adverb, as off, out, etc.; as, to shake fruit down from a tree.-to be agitated with a waving or vibratory motion; to tremble; to shiver; to quake; to totter.-the act or result of shaking; a vacillating or wavering motion; a rapid motion one way and other; a trembling, quaking, or shivering; agitation.-a fissure or crack in timber, caused by its being dried too suddenly.-a fissure in rock or earth.-a rapid alternation of a principal tone with another represented on the next degree of the staff above or below it; a trill.-one of the staves of a hogshead or barrel taken apart.-a shook of staves and headings.-the redshank; -- so called from the nodding of its head while on the ground.
shakedown: a temporary substitute for a bed, as one made on the floor or on chairs; -- perhaps originally from the shaking down of straw for this purpose.
shaken: of shake-caused to shake; agitated; as, a shaken bough.-cracked or checked; split. see shake, n., 2.-impaired, as by a shock.
shaker: a person or thing that shakes, or by means of which something is shaken.-one of a religious sect who do not marry, popularly so called from the movements of the members in dancing, which forms a part of their worship.-a variety of pigeon.
shakespearean: of, pertaining to, or in the style of, shakespeare or his works.
shaky: shaking or trembling; as, a shaky spot in a marsh; a shaky hand.-full of shakes or cracks; cracked; as, shaky timber.-easily shaken; tottering; unsound; as, a shaky constitution; shaky business credit.
shale: a shell or husk; a cod or pod.-a fine-grained sedimentary rock of a thin, laminated, and often friable, structure.-to take off the shell or coat of; to shell.
shall: to owe; to be under obligation for.-to be obliged; must.-as an auxiliary, shall indicates a duty or necessity whose obligation is derived from the person speaking; as, you shall go; he shall go; that is, i order or promise your going. it thus ordinarily expresses, in the second and third persons, a command, a threat, or a promise. if the auxillary be emphasized, the command is made more imperative, the promise or that more positive and sure. it is also employed in the language of prophecy; as, "the day shall come when . . . , " since a promise or threat and an authoritative prophecy nearly coincide in significance. in shall with the first person, the necessity of the action is sometimes implied as residing elsewhere than in the speaker; as, i shall suffer; we shall see; and there is always a less distinct and positive assertion of his volition than is indicated by will. "i shall go" implies nearly a simple futurity; more exactly, a foretelling or an expectation of my going, in which, naturally enough, a certain degree of plan or intention may be included; emphasize the shall, and the event is described as certain to occur, and the expression approximates in meaning to our emphatic "i will go." in a question, the relation of speaker and source of obligation is of course transferred to the person addressed; as, "shall you go?" (answer, "i shall go"); "shall he go?" i. e., "do you require or promise his going?" (answer, "he shall go".) the same relation is transferred to either second or third person in such phrases as "you say, or think, you shall go;" "he says, or thinks, he shall go."  after a conditional conjunction (as if, whether) shall is used in all persons to express futurity simply; as, if i, you, or he shall say they are right.  should is everywhere used in the same connection and the same senses as shall, as its imperfect. it also expresses duty or moral obligation; as, he should do it whether he will or not. in the early english, and hence in our english bible, shall is the auxiliary mainly used, in all the persons, to express simple futurity. (cf. will, v. t.) shall may be used elliptically; thus, with an adverb or other word expressive of motion go may be omitted.
shallon: an evergreen shrub (gaultheria shallon) of northwest america; also, its fruit. see salal-berry.
shallot: a small kind of onion (allium ascalonicum) growing in clusters, and ready for gathering in spring; a scallion, or eschalot.
shallow: not deep; having little depth; shoal.-not deep in tone.-not intellectually deep; not profound; not penetrating deeply; simple; not wise or knowing; ignorant; superficial; as, a shallow mind; shallow learning.-a place in a body of water where the water is not deep; a shoal; a flat; a shelf.-the rudd.-to make shallow.-to become shallow, as water.
shallow-waisted: having a flush deck, or with only a moderate depression amidships; -- said of a vessel.
sham: that which deceives expectation; any trick, fraud, or device that deludes and disappoint; a make-believe; delusion; imposture, humbug.-a false front, or removable ornamental covering.-false; counterfeit; pretended; feigned; unreal; as, a sham fight.-to trick; to cheat; to deceive or delude with false pretenses.-to obtrude by fraud or imposition.-to assume the manner and character of; to imitate; to ape; to feign.-to make false pretenses; to deceive; to feign; to impose.
shama: a saxicoline singing bird (kittacincla macroura) of india, noted for the sweetness and power of its song. in confinement it imitates the notes of other birds and various animals with accuracy. its head, neck, back, breast, and tail are glossy black, the rump white, the under parts chestnut.
shamanism: the type of religion which once prevalied among all the ural-altaic peoples (tungusic, mongol, and turkish), and which still survives in various parts of northern asia. the shaman, or wizard priest, deals with good as well as with evil spirits, especially the good spirits of ancestors.
shamble: one of a succession of niches or platforms, one above another, to hold ore which is thrown successively from platform to platform, and thus raised to a higher level.-a place where butcher's meat is sold.-a place for slaughtering animals for meat.-to walk awkwardly and unsteadily, as if the knees were weak; to shuffle along.
shambling: of shamble-characterized by an awkward, irregular pace; as, a shambling trot; shambling legs.-an awkward, irregular gait.
shame: a painful sensation excited by a consciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of having done something which injures reputation, or of the exposure of that which nature or modesty prompts us to conceal.-reproach incurred or suffered; dishonor; ignominy; derision; contempt.-the cause or reason of shame; that which brings reproach, and degrades a person in the estimation of others; disgrace.-the parts which modesty requires to be covered; the private parts.-to make ashamed; to excite in (a person) a comsciousness of guilt or impropriety, or of conduct derogatory to reputation; to put to shame.-to cover with reproach or ignominy; to dishonor; to disgrace.-to mock at; to deride.-to be ashamed; to feel shame.
shamefaced: easily confused or put out of countenance; diffident; bashful; modest.
shameful: bringing shame or disgrace; injurious to reputation; disgraceful.-exciting the feeling of shame in others; indecent; as, a shameful picture; a shameful sight.
shameless: destitute of shame; wanting modesty; brazen-faced; insensible to disgrace.-indicating want of modesty, or sensibility to disgrace; indecent; as, a shameless picture or poem.
shammy: the chamois.-a soft, pliant leather, prepared originally from the skin of the chamois, but now made also from the skin of the sheep, goat, kid, deer, and calf. see shamoying.
shamoying: a process used in preparing certain kinds of leather, which consists in frizzing the skin, and working oil into it to supply the place of the astringent (tannin, alum, or the like) ordinarily used in tanning.
shampoo: to press or knead the whole surface of the body of (a person), and at the same time to stretch the limbs and joints, in connection with the hot bath.-to wash throughly and rub the head of (a person), with the fingers, using either soap, or a soapy preparation, for the more thorough cleansing.-the act of shampooing.
shamrock: a trifoliate plant used as a national emblem by the irish. the legend is that st. patrick once plucked a leaf of it for use in illustrating the doctrine of the trinity.
shanghai: to intoxicate and ship (a person) as a sailor while in this condition.-a large and tall breed of domestic fowl.
shank: see chank.-the part of the leg from the knee to the foot; the shin; the shin bone; also, the whole leg.-hence, that part of an instrument, tool, or other thing, which connects the acting part with a handle or other part, by which it is held or moved.-that part of a key which is between the bow and the part which enters the wards of the lock.-the middle part of an anchor, or that part which is between the ring and the arms.-that part of a hoe, rake, knife, or the like, by which it is secured to a handle.-a loop forming an eye to a button.-the space between two channels of the doric triglyph.-a large ladle for molten metal, fitted with long bars for handling it.-the body of a type.-the part of the sole beneath the instep connecting the broader front part with the heel.-a wading bird with long legs; as, the green-legged shank, or knot; the yellow shank, or tattler; -- called also shanks.-flat-nosed pliers, used by opticians for nipping off the edges of pieces of glass to make them round.-to fall off, as a leaf, flower, or capsule, on account of disease affecting the supporting footstalk; -- usually followed by off.
shanny: the european smooth blenny (blennius pholis). it is olive-green with irregular black spots, and without appendages on the head.
shanty: jaunty; showy.-a small, mean dwelling; a rough, slight building for temporary use; a hut.-to inhabit a shanty.
shape: to form or create; especially, to mold or make into a particular form; to give proper form or figure to.-to adapt to a purpose; to regulate; to adjust; to direct; as, to shape the course of a vessel.-to image; to conceive; to body forth.-to design; to prepare; to plan; to arrange.-to suit; to be adjusted or conformable.-character or construction of a thing as determining its external appearance; outward aspect; make; figure; form; guise; as, the shape of a tree; the shape of the head; an elegant shape.-that which has form or figure; a figure; an appearance; a being.-a model; a pattern; a mold.-form of embodiment, as in words; form, as of thought or conception; concrete embodiment or example, as of some quality.-dress for disguise; guise.-a rolled or hammered piece, as a bar, beam, angle iron, etc., having a cross section different from merchant bar.-a piece which has been roughly forged nearly to the form it will receive when completely forged or fitted.
shapeless: destitute of shape or regular form; wanting symmetry of dimensions; misshapen; -- opposed to shapely.
shapely: well-formed; having a regular shape; comely; symmetrical.-fit; suitable.
shaper: one who shapes; as, the shaper of one's fortunes.-that which shapes; a machine for giving a particular form or outline to an object.-a kind of planer in which the tool, instead of the work, receives a reciprocating motion, usually from a crank.-a machine with a vertically revolving cutter projecting above a flat table top, for cutting irregular outlines, moldings, etc.
shard: a plant; chard.-a piece or fragment of an earthen vessel, or a like brittle substance, as the shell of an egg or snail.-the hard wing case of a beetle.-a gap in a fence.-a boundary; a division.
share: the part (usually an iron or steel plate) of a plow which cuts the ground at the bottom of a furrow; a plowshare.-the part which opens the ground for the reception of the seed, in a machine for sowing seed.-a certain quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small share of prudence.-especially, the part allotted or belonging to one, of any property or interest owned by a number; a portion among others; an apportioned lot; an allotment; a dividend.-hence, one of a certain number of equal portions into which any property or invested capital is divided; as, a ship owned in ten shares.-the pubes; the sharebone.-to part among two or more; to distribute in portions; to divide.-to partake of, use, or experience, with others; to have a portion of; to take and possess in common; as, to share a shelter with another.-to cut; to shear; to cleave; to divide.-to have part; to receive a portion; to partake, enjoy, or suffer with others.
sharer: one who shares; a participator; a partaker; also, a divider; a distributer.
sharewort: a composite plant (aster tripolium) growing along the seacoast of europe.
shark: any one of numerous species of elasmobranch fishes of the order plagiostomi, found in all seas.-a rapacious, artful person; a sharper.-trickery; fraud; petty rapine; as, to live upon the shark.-to pick or gather indiscriminately or covertly.-to play the petty thief; to practice fraud or trickery; to swindle.-to live by shifts and stratagems.
sharking: of shark-petty rapine; trick; also, seeking a livelihood by shifts and dishonest devices.
sharock: an east indian coin of the value of 12/ pence sterling, or about 25 cents.