AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
summation: the act of summing, or forming a sum, or total amount; also, an aggregate.
summer: one who sums; one who casts up an account.-a large stone or beam placed horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for various uses. specifically: (a) the lintel of a door or window. (b) the commencement of a cross vault. (c) a central floor timber, as a girder, or a piece reaching from a wall to a girder. called also summertree.-the season of the year in which the sun shines most directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year.-to pass the summer; to spend the warm season; as, to summer in switzerland.-to keep or carry through the summer; to feed during the summer; as, to summer stock.
summer-fallow: to plow and work in summer, in order to prepare for wheat or other crop; to plow and let lie fallow.
summerhouse: a rustic house or apartment in a garden or park, to be used as a pleasure resort in summer.
summit: the top; the highest point.-the highest degree; the utmost elevation; the acme; as, the summit of human fame.-the most elevated part of a bivalve shell, or the part in which the hinge is situated.
summon: to call, bid, or cite; to notify to come to appear; -- often with up.-to give notice to, or command to appear, as in court; to cite by authority; as, to summon witnesses.-to call upon to surrender, as a fort.
summoner: one who summons; one who cites by authority; specifically, a petty officer formerly employed to summon persons to appear in court; an apparitor.
summons: the act of summoning; a call by authority, or by the command of a superior, to appear at a place named, or to attend to some duty.-a warning or citation to appear in court; a written notification signed by the proper officer, to be served on a person, warning him to appear in court at a day specified, to answer to the plaintiff, testify as a witness, or the like.-a demand to surrender.-to summon.
sump: a round pit of stone, lined with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion.-the cistern or reservoir made at the lowest point of a mine, from which is pumped the water which accumulates there.-a pond of water for salt works.-a puddle or dirty pool.
sumpitan: a kind of blowgun for discharging arrows, -- used by the savages of borneo and adjacent islands.
sumpter: the driver of a pack horse.-a pack; a burden.-an animal, especially a horse, that carries packs or burdens; a baggage horse.-carrying pack or burdens on the back; as, a sumpter horse; a sumpter mule.
sumptuous: involving large outlay or expense; costly; expensive; hence, luxurious; splendid; magnificient; as, a sumptuous house or table; sumptuous apparel.
sun: see sunn.-the luminous orb, the light of which constitutes day, and its absence night; the central body round which the earth and planets revolve, by which they are held in their orbits, and from which they receive light and heat. its mean distance from the earth is about 92,500,000 miles, and its diameter about 860,000.-any heavenly body which forms the center of a system of orbs.-the direct light or warmth of the sun; sunshine.-that which resembles the sun, as in splendor or importance; any source of light, warmth, or animation.-to expose to the sun's rays; to warm or dry in the sun; as, to sun cloth; to sun grain.
sun-burner: a circle or cluster of gas-burners for lighting and ventilating public buildings.
sun-struck: overcome by, or affected with, sunstroke; as, sun-struck soldiers.
sunbird: any one of numerous species of small brilliantly colored birds of the family nectariniidae, native of africa, southern asia, the east indies, and australia. in external appearance and habits they somewhat resemble humming birds, but they are true singing birds (oscines).-the sun bittern.
sunbonnet: a bonnet, generally made of some thin or light fabric, projecting beyond the face, and commonly having a cape, -- worn by women as a protection against the sun.
sunburn: to burn or discolor by the sun; to tan.-the burning or discoloration produced on the skin by the heat of the sun; tan.
sunday: the first day of the week, -- consecrated among christians to rest from secular employments, and to religious worship; the christian sabbath; the lord's day.-belonging to the christian sabbath.
sunder: to disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or breaking; to part; to put or keep apart; to separate; to divide; to sever; as, to sunder a rope; to sunder a limb; to sunder friends.-to part; to separate.-a separation into parts; a division or severance.-to expose to the sun and wind.
sundew: any plant of the genus drosera, low bog plants whose leaves are beset with pediceled glands which secrete a viscid fluid that glitters like dewdrops and attracts and detains insects. after an insect is caught, the glands curve inward like tentacles and the leaf digests it. called also lustwort.
sundial: an instrument to show the time of day by means of the shadow of a gnomon, or style, on a plate.
sundog: a luminous spot occasionally seen a few degrees from the sun, supposed to be formed by the intersection of two or more halos, or in a manner similar to that of halos.
sundown: the setting of the sun; sunset.-a kind of broad-brimmed sun hat worn by women.
sunfish: a very large oceanic plectognath fish (mola mola, mola rotunda, or orthagoriscus mola) having a broad body and a truncated tail.-any one of numerous species of perch-like north american fresh-water fishes of the family centrachidae. they have a broad, compressed body, and strong dorsal spines. among the common species of the eastern united states are lepomis gibbosus (called also bream, pondfish, pumpkin seed, and sunny), the blue sunfish, or dollardee (l. pallidus), and the long-eared sunfish (l. auritus). several of the species are called also pondfish.-the moonfish, or bluntnosed shiner.-the opah.-the basking, or liver, shark.-any large jellyfish.
sunflower: any plant of the genus helianthus; -- so called probably from the form and color of its flower, which is large disk with yellow rays. the commonly cultivated sunflower is helianthus annuus, a native of america.
sunglass: a convex lens of glass for producing heat by converging the sun's rays into a focus.
sunless: destitute or deprived of the sun or its rays; shaded; shadowed.
sunn: an east indian leguminous plant (crotalaria juncea) and its fiber, which is also called sunn hemp.
sunna: a collection of traditions received by the orthodox mohammedans as of equal authority with the koran.
sunnite: one of the orthodox mohammedans who receive the sunna as of equal importance with the koran.
sunny: of or pertaining to the sun; proceeding from, or resembling the sun; hence, shining; bright; brilliant; radiant.-exposed to the rays of the sun; brightened or warmed by the direct rays of the sun; as, a sunny room; the sunny side of a hill.-cheerful; genial; as, a sunny disposition.-see sunfish (b).
sunrising: the first appearance of the sun above the horizon in the morning; more generally, the time of such appearance, whether in fair or cloudy weather; as, to begin work at sunrise.-hence, the region where the sun rises; the east.
sunsetting: the descent of the sun below the horizon; also, the time when the sun sets; evening. also used figuratively.-hence, the region where the sun sets; the west.
sunshade: anything used as a protection from the sun's rays.-a small parasol.-an awning.
sunshine: the light of the sun, or the place where it shines; the direct rays of the sun, the place where they fall, or the warmth and light which they give.-anything which has a warming and cheering influence like that of the rays of the sun; warmth; illumination; brightness.-sunshiny; bright.
sunshiny: bright with the rays of the sun; clear, warm, or pleasant; as, a sunshiny day.-bright like the sun; resplendent.-beaming with good spirits; cheerful.
sunstroke: any affection produced by the action of the sun on some part of the body; especially, a sudden prostration of the physical powers, with symptoms resembling those of apoplexy, occasioned by exposure to excessive heat, and often terminating fatally; coup de soleil.
sunwise: in the direction of the sun's apparent motion, or from the east southward and westward, and so around the circle; also, in the same direction as the movement of the hands of a watch lying face upward.
sup: to take into the mouth with the lips, as a liquid; to take or drink by a little at a time; to sip.-a small mouthful, as of liquor or broth; a little taken with the lips; a sip.-to eat the evening meal; to take supper.-to treat with supper.
super-: a prefix signifying above, over, beyond, and hence often denoting in a superior position, in excess, over and above, in addition, exceedingly; as in superimpose, supersede, supernatural, superabundance.-a prefix formerly much used to denote that the ingredient to the name of which it was prefixed was present in a large, or unusually large, proportion as compared with the other ingredients; as in calcium superphosphate. it has been superseded by per-, bi-, di-, acid, etc. (as peroxide, bicarbonate, disulphide, and acid sulphate), which retain the old meanings of super-, but with sharper definition.  cf. acid, a., bi-, di-, and per-.
superabound: to be very abundant or exuberant; to be more than sufficient; as, the country superabounds with corn.
superabundance: the quality or state of being superabundant; a superabundant quantity; redundancy; excess.
superabundant: abounding to excess; being more than is sufficient; redundant; as, superabundant zeal.
superadd: to add over and above; to add to what has been added; to annex, as something extrinsic.
superaddition: the act of adding something in excess or something extraneous; also, something which is added in excess or extraneously.
superalimentation: the act of overfeeding, or making one take food in excess of the natural appetite for it.
superaltar: a raised shelf or stand on the back of an altar, on which different objects can be placed; a predella or gradino.
superannuate: to impair or disquality on account of age or infirmity.-to give a pension to, on account of old age or other infirmity; to cause to retire from service on a pension.-to last beyond the year; -- said of annual plants.
superannuation: the state of being superannuated, or too old for office or business; the state of being disqualified by old age; decrepitude.
superb: grand; magnificent; august; stately; as, a superb edifice; a superb colonnade.-rich; elegant; as, superb furniture or decorations.-showy; excellent; grand; as, a superb exhibition.
supercargo: an officer or person in a merchant ship, whose duty is to manage the sales, and superintend the commercial concerns, of the voyage.
supercelestial: situated above the firmament, or great vault of heaven.-higher than celestial; superangelic.
supercharge: to charge (a bearing) upon another bearing; as, to supercharge a rose upon a fess.-a bearing charged upon another bearing.
superciliary: of or pertaining to the eyebrows; supraorbital.-having a distinct streak of color above the eyes; as, the superciliary woodpecker.
supercilious: lofty with pride; haughty; dictatorial; overbearing; arrogant; as, a supercilious officer; asupercilious air; supercilious behavior.
supercolumniation: the putting of one order above another; also, an architectural work produced by this method; as, the putting of the doric order in the ground story, ionic above it, and corinthian or composite above this.
superdominant: the sixth tone of the scale; that next above the dominant; -- called also submediant.
supereminency: the quality or state of being supereminent; distinguished eminence; as, the supereminence of cicero as an orator, or lord chatham as a statesman.
supereminent: eminent in a superior degree; surpassing others in excellence; as, a supereminent divine; the supereminent glory of christ.
supererogate: to do more than duty requires; to perform works of supererogation; to atone (for a dificiency in another) by means of a surplus action or quality.
supererogation: the act of supererogating; performance of more than duty or necessity requires.
supererogatory: performed to an extent not enjoined, or not required, by duty or necessity; as, supererogatory services.
superfecundation: fertilization of two ova, at the same menstruation, by two different acts of coition.
superfetation: the formation of a fetus at the result of an impregnation occurring after another impregnation but before the birth of the offspring produced by it. this is possible only when there is a double uterus, or where menstruation persists up to the time of the second impregnation.
superfete: to superfetate.-to conceive (another fetus) after a former conception.
superficial: of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; lying on the surface; shallow; not deep; as, a superficial color; a superficial covering; superficial measure or contents; superficial tillage.-reaching or comprehending only what is obvious or apparent; not deep or profound; shallow; -- said especially in respect to study, learning, and the like; as, a superficial scholar; superficial knowledge.
superficialist: one who attends to anything superficially; a superficial or shallow person; a sciolist; a smatterer.
superficiality: the quality or state of being superficial; also, that which is superficial.
superficialize: to attend to, or to treat, superficially, or in a shallow or slighting way.
superficiary: one to whom a right of surface occupation is granted; one who pays quitrent for a house built upon another man's ground.-of or pertaining to the superficies, or surface; superficial.-situated or built on another man's land, as a house.
superficies: the surface; the exterior part, superficial area, or face of a thing.-everything on the surface of a piece of ground, or of a building, so closely connected by art or nature as to constitute a part of it, as houses, or other superstructures, fences, trees, vines, etc.-a real right consisting of a grant by a landed proprietor of a piece of ground, bearing a strong resemblance to the long building leases granted by landholders in england, in consideration of a rent, and under reservation of the ownership of the soil.
superfine: very fine, or most fine; being of surpassing fineness; of extra nice or fine quality; as, superfine cloth.-excessively fine; too nice; over particular; as, superfine distinctions; superfine tastes.
superfluity: a greater quantity than is wanted; superabundance; as, a superfluity of water; a superfluity of wealth.-the state or quality of being superfluous; excess.-something beyond what is needed; something which serves for show or luxury.
superfluous: more than is wanted or is sufficient; rendered unnecessary by superabundance; unnecessary; useless; excessive; as, a superfluous price.
superfrontal: a cloth which is placed over the top of an altar, and often hangs down a few inches over the frontal.
superheat: to heat too much, to overheat; as, to superheat an oven.-to heat, as steam, apart from contact with water, until it resembles a perfect gas.-the increase of temperature communicated to steam by superheating it.
superhive: a removable upper part of a hive. the word is sometimes contracted to super.
superhuman: above or beyond what is human; sometimes, divine; as, superhuman strength; superhuman wisdom.
superimpose: to lay or impose on something else; as, a stratum of earth superimposed on another stratum.
superinduction: the act of superinducing, or the state of being superinduced.
superinpregnation: the act of impregnating, or the state of being impregnated, in addition to a prior impregnation; superfetation.
superinstitution: one institution upon another, as when a is instituted and admitted to a benefice upon a title, and b instituted and admitted upon the presentation of another.
superintend: to have or exercise the charge and oversight of; to oversee with the power of direction; to take care of with authority; to supervise; as, an officer superintends the building of a ship or the construction of a fort.
superintendence: the act of superintending; care and oversight for the purpose of direction; supervision.
superintendent: overseeing; superintending.-one who has the oversight and charge of some place, institution, or organization, affairs, etc., with the power of direction; as, the superintendent of an almshouse; the superintendent of public works.
superior: more elevated in place or position; higher; upper; as, the superior limb of the sun; the superior part of an image.-higher in rank or office; more exalted in dignity; as, a superior officer; a superior degree of nobility.-higher or greater in excellence; surpassing others in the greatness, or value of any quality; greater in quality or degree; as, a man of superior merit; or of superior bravery.-beyond the power or influence of; too great or firm to be subdued or affected by; -- with to.-more comprehensive; as a term in classification; as, a genus is superior to a species.-above the ovary; -- said of parts of the flower which, although normally below the ovary, adhere to it, and so appear to originate from its upper part; also of an ovary when the other floral organs are plainly below it in position, and free from it.-belonging to the part of an axillary flower which is toward the main stem; posterior.-pointing toward the apex of the fruit; ascending; -- said of the radicle.-one who is above, or surpasses, another in rank, station, office, age, ability, or merit; one who surpasses in what is desirable; as, addison has no superior as a writer of pure english.-the head of a monastery, convent, abbey, or the like.
superioress: a woman who acts as chief in a convent, abbey, or nunnery; a lady superior.
superiority: the quality, state, or condition of being superior; as, superiority of rank; superiority in merit.
superlative: lifted up to the highest degree; most eminent; surpassing all other; supreme; as, superlative wisdom or prudence; a woman of superlative beauty; the superlative glory of the divine character.-expressing the highest or lowest degree of the quality, manner, etc., denoted by an adjective or an adverb. the superlative degree is formed from the positive by the use of -est, most, or least; as, highest, most pleasant, least bright.-that which is highest or most eminent; the utmost degree.-the superlative degree of adjectives and adverbs; also, a form or word by which the superlative degree is expressed; as, strongest, wisest, most stormy, least windy, are all superlatives.
superlunary: being above the moon; not belonging to this world; -- opposed to sublunary.
supernacular: like supernaculum; first-rate; as, a supernacular wine.
supernaculum: a kind of mock latin term intended to mean, upon the nail; -- used formerly by topers.-good liquor, of which not enough is left to wet one's nail.
supernal: being in a higher place or region; locally higher; as, the supernal orbs; supernal regions.-relating or belonging to things above; celestial; heavenly; as, supernal grace.
supernatant: swimming above; floating on the surface; as, oil supernatant on water.-the liquid remaining after solids suspended in the liquid have been sedimented by gravity or by centrifugation.  contrasted with the solid sediment, or (in centrifugation) the pellet.
supernaturalism: the quality or state of being supernatural; supernaturalness.-the doctrine of a divine and supernatural agency in the production of the miracles and revelations recorded in the bible, and in the grace which renews and sanctifies men, -- in opposition to the doctrine which denies the agency of any other than physical or natural causes in the case.
supernumerary: exceeding the number stated or prescribed; as, a supernumerary officer in a regiment.-exceeding a necessary, usual, or required number or quality; superfluous; as, supernumerary addresses; supernumerary expense.-a person or thing beyond the number stated.-a person or thing beyond what is necessary or usual; especially, a person employed not for regular service, but only to fill the place of another in case of need; specifically, in theaters, a person who is not a regular actor, but is employed to appear in a stage spectacle.
superordination: the ordination of a person to fill a station already occupied; especially, the ordination by an ecclesiastical official, during his lifetime, of his successor.
superparticular: of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is a unit, as the ratio of 1 to 2, or of 3 to 4.
superpartient: of or pertaining to a ratio when the excess of the greater term over the less is more than a unit, as that of 3 to 5, or 7 to 10.
superplant: a plant growing on another, as the mistletoe; an epiphyte.
superpose: to lay upon, as one kind of rock on another.-to lay (a figure) upon another in such a manner that all the parts of the one coincide with the parts of the other; as, to superpose one plane figure on another.
superposition: the act of superposing, or the state of being superposed; as, the superposition of rocks; the superposition of one plane figure on another, in geometry.
superroyal: larger than royal; -- said of a particular size of printing and writing paper. see the note under paper, n.
superscribe: to write or engrave (a name, address, inscription, or the like) on the top or surface; to write a name, address, or the like, on the outside or cover of (anything); as, to superscribe a letter.
superscription: the act of superscribing.-that which is written or engraved on the surface, outside, or above something else; specifically, an address on a letter, envelope, or the like.-that part of a prescription which contains the latin word recipe (take) or the sign /.
supersede: to come, or be placed, in the room of; to replace.-to displace, or set aside, and put another in place of; as, to supersede an officer.-to make void, inefficacious, or useless, by superior power, or by coming in the place of; to set aside; to render unnecessary; to suspend; to stay.-to omit; to forbear.
supersedeas: a writ of command to suspend the powers of an officer in certain cases, or to stay proceedings under another writ.
supersedure: the act of superseding, or setting aside; supersession; as, the supersedure of trial by jury.
supersession: the act of superseding, or the state of being superseded; supersedure.
supersphenoidal: situated above, or on the dorsal side of, the body of the sphenoid bone.
superstition: an excessive reverence for, or fear of, that which is unknown or mysterious.-an ignorant or irrational worship of the supreme deity; excessive exactness or rigor in religious opinions or practice; extreme and unnecessary scruples in the observance of religious rites not commanded, or of points of minor importance; also, a rite or practice proceeding from excess of sculptures in religion.-the worship of a false god or gods; false religion; religious veneration for objects.-belief in the direct agency of superior powers in certain extraordinary or singular events, or in magic, omens, prognostics, or the like.-excessive nicety; scrupulous exactness.
superstitious: of or pertaining to superstition; proceeding from, or manifesting, superstition; as, superstitious rites; superstitious observances.-evincing superstition; overscrupulous and rigid in religious observances; addicted to superstition; full of idle fancies and scruples in regard to religion.-overexact; scrupulous beyond need.
superstruction: the act of superstructing, or building upon.-that which id superstructed, or built upon some foundation; an edifice; a superstructure.
superstructure: any material structure or edifice built on something else; that which is raised on a foundation or basis-all that part of a building above the basement. also used figuratively.-the sleepers, and fastenings, in distinction from the roadbed.
supersulphurize: to impregnate or combine with an excess of sulphur.
supertuberation: the production of young tubers, as potatoes, from the old while still growing.
supervene: to come as something additional or extraneous; to occur with reference or relation to something else; to happen upon or after something else; to be added; to take place; to happen.