AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
radiale: the bone or cartilage of the carpus which articulates with the radius and corresponds to the scaphoid bone in man.-radial plates in the calyx of a crinoid.
radian: an arc of a circle which is equal to the radius, or the angle measured by such an arc.
radiancy: the quality of being radiant; brilliancy; effulgence; vivid brightness; as, the radiance of the sun.
radiant: emitting or proceeding as from a center; resembling rays; radiating; radiate.-especially, emitting or darting rays of light or heat; issuing in beams or rays; beaming with brightness; emitting a vivid light or splendor; as, the radiant sun.-beaming with vivacity and happiness; as, a radiant face.-giving off rays; -- said of a bearing; as, the sun radiant; a crown radiant.-having a raylike appearance, as the large marginal flowers of certain umbelliferous plants; -- said also of the cluster which has such marginal flowers.-the luminous point or object from which light emanates; also, a body radiating light brightly.-a straight line proceeding from a given point, or fixed pole, about which it is conceived to revolve.-the point in the heavens at which the apparent paths of shooting stars meet, when traced backward, or whence they appear to radiate.
radiata: an extensive artificial group of invertebrates, having all the parts arranged radially around the vertical axis of the body, and the various organs repeated symmetrically in each ray or spheromere.
radiate: to emit rays; to be radiant; to shine.-to proceed in direct lines from a point or surface; to issue in rays, as light or heat.-to emit or send out in direct lines from a point or points; as, to radiate heat.-to enlighten; to illuminate; to shed light or brightness on; to irradiate.-having rays or parts diverging from a center; radiated; as, a radiate crystal.-having in a capitulum large ray florets which are unlike the disk florets, as in the aster, daisy, etc.-belonging to the radiata.-one of the radiata.
radiate-veined: having the principal veins radiating, or diverging, from the apex of the petiole; -- said of such leaves as those of the grapevine, most maples, and the castor-oil plant.
radiated: of radiate-emitted, or sent forth, in rays or direct lines; as, radiated heat.-formed of, or arranged like, rays or radii; having parts or markings diverging, like radii, from a common center or axis; as, a radiated structure; a radiated group of crystals.-belonging to the radiata.
radiatiform: having the marginal florets enlarged and radiating but not ligulate, as in the capitula or heads of the cornflower.
radiation: the act of radiating, or the state of being radiated; emission and diffusion of rays of light; beamy brightness.-the shooting forth of anything from a point or surface, like the diverging rays of light; as, the radiation of heat.
radiator: that which radiates or emits rays, whether of light or heat; especially, that part of a heating apparatus from which the heat is radiated or diffused; as, a steam radiator.
radical: of or pertaining to the root; proceeding directly from the root.-hence: of or pertaining to the root or origin; reaching to the center, to the foundation, to the ultimate sources, to the principles, or the like; original; fundamental; thorough-going; unsparing; extreme; as, radical evils; radical reform; a radical party.-belonging to, or proceeding from, the root of a plant; as, radical tubers or hairs.-proceeding from a rootlike stem, or one which does not rise above the ground; as, the radical leaves of the dandelion and the sidesaddle flower.-relating, or belonging, to the root, or ultimate source of derivation; as, a radical verbal form.-of or pertaining to a radix or root; as, a radical quantity; a radical sign. see below.-a primitive word; a radix, root, or simple, underived, uncompounded word; an etymon.-a primitive letter; a letter that belongs to the radix.-one who advocates radical changes in government or social institutions, especially such changes as are intended to level class inequalities; -- opposed to conservative.-a characteristic, essential, and fundamental constituent of any compound; hence, sometimes, an atom.-specifically, a group of two or more atoms, not completely saturated, which are so linked that their union implies certain properties, and are conveniently regarded as playing the part of a single atom; a residue; -- called also a compound radical.  cf. residue.-a radical quantity. see under radical, a.-a radical vessel. see under radical, a.
radicalism: the quality or state of being radical; specifically, the doctrines or principles of radicals in politics or social reform.
radicality: germinal principle; source; origination.-radicalness; relation to a root in essential nature or principle.
radically: in a radical manner; at, or from, the origin or root; fundamentally; as, a scheme or system radically wrong or defective.-without derivation; primitively; essentially.
radicant: taking root on, or above, the ground; rooting from the stem, as the trumpet creeper and the ivy.
radicate: radicated.-to take root; to become rooted.-to cause to take root; to plant deeply and firmly; to root.
radicated: of radicate-rooted-having roots, or possessing a well-developed root.-having rootlike organs for attachment.
radication: the process of taking root, or state of being rooted; as, the radication of habits.-the disposition of the roots of a plant.
radicle: the rudimentary stem of a plant which supports the cotyledons in the seed, and from which the root is developed downward; the stem of the embryo; the caulicle.-a rootlet; a radicel.
radio-: a combining form indicating connection with, or relation to, a radius or ray; specifically (anat.), with the radius of the forearm; as, radio-ulnar, radio-muscular, radio-carpal.
radio-flagellata: a group of protozoa having both flagella and pseudopodia.
radiograph: a picture produced by the rontgen rays upon a sensitive surface, photographic or fluorescent, especially a picture of opaque objects traversed by the rays.
radiolaria: order of rhizopods, usually having a siliceous skeleton, or shell, and sometimes radiating spicules. the pseudopodia project from the body like rays. it includes the polycystines. see polycystina.
radiolarian: of or pertaining to the radiolaria.-one of the radiolaria.
radiometer: a forestaff.-an instrument designed for measuring the mechanical effect of radiant energy.
radiomicrometer: a very sensitive modification or application of the thermopile, used for indicating minute changes of radiant heat, or temperature.
radiophone: an apparatus for the production of sound by the action of luminous or thermal rays. it is essentially the same as the photophone.
radish: the pungent fleshy root of a well-known cruciferous plant (raphanus sativus); also, the whole plant.
radius: a right line drawn or extending from the center of a circle to the periphery; the semidiameter of a circle or sphere.-the preaxial bone of the forearm, or brachium, corresponding to the tibia of the hind limb. see illust. of artiodactyla.-a ray, or outer floret, of the capitulum of such plants as the sunflower and the daisy. see ray, 2.-the barbs of a perfect feather.-radiating organs, or color-markings, of the radiates.-the movable limb of a sextant or other angular instrument.
radius vector: a straight line (or the length of such line) connecting any point, as of a curve, with a fixed point, or pole, round which the straight line turns, and to which it serves to refer the successive points of a curve, in a system of polar coordinates. see coordinate, n.-an ideal straight line joining the center of an attracting body with that of a body describing an orbit around it, as a line joining the sun and a planet or comet, or a planet and its satellite.
radix: a primitive word, from which spring other words; a radical; a root; an etymon.-a number or quantity which is arbitrarily made the fundamental number of any system; a base. thus, 10 is the radix, or base, of the common system of logarithms, and also of the decimal system of numeration.-a finite expression, from which a series is derived.-the root of a plant.
radula: the chitinous ribbon bearing the teeth of mollusks; -- called also lingual ribbon, and tongue. see odontophore.
raff: to sweep, snatch, draw, or huddle together; to take by a promiscuous sweep.-a promiscuous heap; a jumble; a large quantity; lumber; refuse.-the sweepings of society; the rabble; the mob; -- chiefly used in the compound or duplicate, riffraff.-a low fellow; a churl.
raffia: a fibrous material used for tying plants, said to come from the leaves of a palm tree of the genus raphia.
raffinose: a colorless crystalline slightly sweet substance obtained from the molasses of the sugar beet.
raffish: resembling, or having the character of, raff, or a raff; worthless; low.
raffle: a kind of lottery, in which several persons pay, in shares, the value of something put up as a stake, and then determine by chance (as by casting dice) which one of them shall become the sole possessor.-a game of dice in which he who threw three alike won all the stakes.-to engage in a raffle; as, to raffle for a watch.-to dispose of by means of a raffle; -- often followed by off; as, to raffle off a horse.
rafflesia: a genus of stemless, leafless plants, living parasitically upon the roots and stems of grapevines in malaysia. the flowers have a carrionlike odor, and are very large, in one species (rafflesia arnoldi) having a diameter of two or three feet.
raft: imp. & p. p. of reave.-a collection of logs, boards, pieces of timber, or the like, fastened together, either for their own collective conveyance on the water, or to serve as a support in conveying other things; a float.-a collection of logs, fallen trees, etc. (such as is formed in some western rivers of the united states), which obstructs navigation.-a large collection of people or things taken indiscriminately.-to transport on a raft, or in the form of a raft; to make into a raft; as, to raft timber.-of reave
rafter: a raftsman.-originally, any rough and somewhat heavy piece of timber. now, commonly, one of the timbers of a roof which are put on sloping, according to the inclination of the roof. see illust. of queen-post.-to make into rafters, as timber.-to furnish with rafters, as a house.-to plow so as to turn the grass side of each furrow upon an unplowed ridge; to ridge.
rag: to scold or rail at; to rate; to tease; to torment; to banter.-a piece of cloth torn off; a tattered piece of cloth; a shred; a tatter; a fragment.-hence, mean or tattered attire; worn-out dress.-a shabby, beggarly fellow; a ragamuffin.-a coarse kind of rock, somewhat cellular in texture.-a ragged edge.-a sail, or any piece of canvas.-to become tattered.-to break (ore) into lumps for sorting.-to cut or dress roughly, as a grindstone.
ragamuffin: a paltry or disreputable fellow; a mean wretch.-a person who wears ragged clothing.-the long-tailed titmouse.
rage: violent excitement; eager passion; extreme vehemence of desire, emotion, or suffering, mastering the will.-especially, anger accompanied with raving; overmastering wrath; violent anger; fury.-a violent or raging wind.-the subject of eager desire; that which is sought after, or prosecuted, with unreasonable or excessive passion; as, to be all the rage.-to be furious with anger; to be exasperated to fury; to be violently agitated with passion.-to be violent and tumultuous; to be violently driven or agitated; to act or move furiously; as, the raging sea or winds.-to ravage; to prevail without restraint, or with destruction or fatal effect; as, the plague raged in cairo.-to toy or act wantonly; to sport.-to enrage.
ragged: of rag-rent or worn into tatters, or till the texture is broken; as, a ragged coat; a ragged sail.-broken with rough edges; having jags; uneven; rough; jagged; as, ragged rocks.-hence, harsh and disagreeable to the ear; dissonant.-wearing tattered clothes; as, a ragged fellow.-rough; shaggy; rugged.
ragguled: notched in regular diagonal breaks; -- said of a line, or a bearing having such an edge.
raglan: a loose overcoat with large sleeves; -- named from lord raglan, an english general.
ragman: a man who collects, or deals in, rags.-a document having many names or numerous seals, as a papal bull.
ragman's roll: the rolls of deeds on parchment in which the scottish nobility and gentry subscribed allegiance to edward i. of england, a. d. 1296.
ragout: a dish made of pieces of meat, stewed, and highly seasoned; as, a ragout of mutton.
ragpicker: one who gets a living by picking up rags and refuse things in the streets.
ragweed: a common american composite weed (ambrosia artemisiaefolia) with finely divided leaves; hogweed.
ragwork: a kind of rubblework. in the united states, any rubblework of thin and small stones.
raiae: the order of elasmobranch fishes which includes the sawfishes, skates, and rays; -- called also rajae, and rajii.
raid: a hostile or predatory incursion; an inroad or incursion of mounted men; a sudden and rapid invasion by a cavalry force; a foray.-an attack or invasion for the purpose of making arrests, seizing property, or plundering; as, a raid of the police upon a gambling house; a raid of contractors on the public treasury.-to make a raid upon or into; as, two regiments raided the border counties.
rail: an outer cloak or covering; a neckerchief for women.-to flow forth; to roll out; to course.-a bar of timber or metal, usually horizontal or nearly so, extending from one post or support to another, as in fences, balustrades, staircases, etc.-a horizontal piece in a frame or paneling. see illust. of style.-a bar of steel or iron, forming part of the track on which the wheels roll. it is usually shaped with reference to vertical strength, and is held in place by chairs, splices, etc.-the stout, narrow plank that forms the top of the bulwarks.-the light, fencelike structures of wood or metal at the break of the deck, and elsewhere where such protection is needed.-to inclose with rails or a railing.-to range in a line.-any one of numerous species of limicoline birds of the family rallidae, especially those of the genus rallus, and of closely allied genera. they are prized as game birds.-to use insolent and reproachful language; to utter reproaches; to scoff; -- followed by at or against, formerly by on.-to rail at.-to move or influence by railing.
railer: one who rails; one who scoffs, insults, censures, or reproaches with opprobrious language.
railing: of rail-expressing reproach; insulting.-a barrier made of a rail or of rails.-rails in general; also, material for making rails.
raillery: pleasantry or slight satire; banter; jesting language; satirical merriment.
railway: a road or way consisting of one or more parallel series of iron or steel rails, patterned and adjusted to be tracks for the wheels of vehicles, and suitably supported on a bed or substructure.-the road, track, etc., with all the lands, buildings, rolling stock, franchises, etc., pertaining to them and constituting one property; as, a certain railroad has been put into the hands of a receiver.
raiment: clothing in general; vesture; garments; -- usually singular in form, with a collective sense.-an article of dress.
rain: reign.-water falling in drops from the clouds; the descent of water from the clouds in drops.-to fall in drops from the clouds, as water; -- used mostly with it for a nominative; as, it rains.-to fall or drop like water from the clouds; as, tears rained from their eyes.-to pour or shower down from above, like rain from the clouds.-to bestow in a profuse or abundant manner; as, to rain favors upon a person.
rainbow: a bow or arch exhibiting, in concentric bands, the several colors of the spectrum, and formed in the part of the hemisphere opposite to the sun by the refraction and reflection of the sun's rays in drops of falling rain.
rainfall: a fall or descent of rain; the water, or amount of water, that falls in rain; as, the average annual rainfall of a region.
rainy: abounding with rain; wet; showery; as, rainy weather; a rainy day or season.
raise: to cause to rise; to bring from a lower to a higher place; to lift upward; to elevate; to heave; as, to raise a stone or weight.-to bring to a higher condition or situation; to elevate in rank, dignity, and the like; to increase the value or estimation of; to promote; to exalt; to advance; to enhance; as, to raise from a low estate; to raise to office; to raise the price, and the like.-to increase the strength, vigor, or vehemence of; to excite; to intensify; to invigorate; to heighten; as, to raise the pulse; to raise the voice; to raise the spirits or the courage; to raise the heat of a furnace.-to elevate in degree according to some scale; as, to raise the pitch of the voice; to raise the temperature of a room.-to cause to rise up, or assume an erect position or posture; to set up; to make upright; as, to raise a mast or flagstaff.-to cause to spring up from a recumbent position, from a state of quiet, or the like; to awaken; to arouse.-to rouse to action; to stir up; to incite to tumult, struggle, or war; to excite.-to bring up from the lower world; to call up, as a spirit from the world of spirits; to recall from death; to give life to.-to cause to arise, grow up, or come into being or to appear; to give rise to; to originate, produce, cause, effect, or the like.-to form by the accumulation of materials or constituent parts; to build up; to erect;  as, to raise a lofty structure, a wall, a heap of stones.-to bring together; to collect; to levy; to get together or obtain for use or service; as, to raise money, troops, and the like.-to cause to grow; to procure to be produced, bred, or propagated; to grow; as, to raise corn, barley, hops, etc.; toraise cattle.-to bring into being; to produce; to cause to arise, come forth, or appear; -- often with up.-to give rise to; to set agoing; to occasion; to start; to originate; as, to raise a smile or a blush.-to give vent or utterance to; to utter; to strike up.-to bring to notice; to submit for consideration; as, to raise a point of order; to raise an objection.-to cause to rise, as by the effect of leaven; to make light and spongy, as bread.-to cause (the land or any other object) to seem higher by drawing nearer to it; as, to raise sandy hook light.-to let go; as in the command, raise tacks and sheets, i. e., let go tacks and sheets.-to create or constitute; as, to raise a use, that is, to create it.
raised: of raise-lifted up; showing above the surroundings; as, raised or embossed metal work.-leavened; made with leaven, or yeast; -- used of bread, cake, etc., as distinguished from that made with cream of tartar, soda, etc.  see raise, v. t., 4.
raisin: a grape, or a bunch of grapes.-a grape dried in the sun or by artificial heat.
raising: of raise-the act of lifting, setting up, elevating, exalting, producing, or restoring to life.-specifically, the operation or work of setting up the frame of a building; as, to help at a raising.-the operation of embossing sheet metal, or of forming it into cup-shaped or hollow articles, by hammering, stamping, or spinning.
raisonne: arranged systematically, or according to classes or subjects; as, a catalogue raisonne. see under catalogue.
rajah: a native prince or king; also, a landholder or person of importance in the agricultural districts.
rajput: a hindoo of the second, or royal and military, caste; a kshatriya; especially, an inhabitant of the country of rajpootana, in northern central india.
rake: an implement consisting of a headpiece having teeth, and a long handle at right angles to it, -- used for collecting hay, or other light things which are spread over a large surface, or for breaking and smoothing the earth.-a toothed machine drawn by a horse, -- used for collecting hay or grain; a horserake.-a fissure or mineral vein traversing the strata vertically, or nearly so; -- called also rake-vein.-to collect with a rake; as, to rake hay; -- often with up; as, he raked up the fallen leaves.-to collect or draw together with laborious industry; to gather from a wide space; to scrape together; as, to rake together wealth; to rake together slanderous tales; to rake together the rabble of a town.-to pass a rake over; to scrape or scratch with a rake for the purpose of collecting and clearing off something, or for stirring up the soil; as, to rake a lawn; to rake a flower bed.-to search through; to scour; to ransack.-to scrape or scratch across; to pass over quickly and lightly, as a rake does.-to enfilade; to fire in a direction with the length of; in naval engagements, to cannonade, as a ship, on the stern or head so that the balls range the whole length of the deck.-to use a rake, as for searching or for collecting; to scrape; to search minutely.-to pass with violence or rapidity; to scrape along.-the inclination of anything from a perpendicular direction; as, the rake of a roof, a staircase, etc.-the inclination of a mast or funnel, or, in general, of any part of a vessel not perpendicular to the keel.-to incline from a perpendicular direction; as, a mast rakes aft.-a loose, disorderly, vicious man; a person addicted to lewdness and other scandalous vices; a debauchee; a roue.-to walk about; to gad or ramble idly.-to act the rake; to lead a dissolute, debauched life.
rakehell: a lewd, dissolute fellow; a debauchee; a rake.-alt. of rakehelly
raker: one who, or that which, rakes-a person who uses a rake.-a machine for raking grain or hay by horse or other power.-a gun so placed as to rake an enemy's ship.-see gill rakers, under 1st gill.
raking: of rake-the act or process of using a rake; the going over a space with a rake.-a space gone over with a rake; also, the work done, or the quantity of hay, grain, etc., collected, by going once over a space with a rake.
rakish: dissolute; lewd; debauched.-having a saucy appearance indicative of speed and dash.
raku ware: a kind of earthenware made in japan, resembling satsuma ware, but having a paler color.
rale: an adventitious sound, usually of morbid origin, accompanying the normal respiratory sounds. see rhonchus.
rallentando: slackening; -- a direction to perform a passage with a gradual decrease in time and force; ritardando.
rally: to collect, and reduce to order, as troops dispersed or thrown into confusion; to gather again; to reunite.-to come into orderly arrangement; to renew order, or united effort, as troops scattered or put to flight; to assemble; to unite.-to collect one's vital powers or forces; to regain health or consciousness; to recuperate.-to recover strength after a decline in prices; -- said of the market, stocks, etc.-the act or process of rallying (in any of the senses of that word).-a political mass meeting.-to attack with raillery, either in good humor and pleasantry, or with slight contempt or satire.-to use pleasantry, or satirical merriment.-good-humored raillery.
ralstonite: a fluoride of alumina and soda occurring with the greenland cryolite in octahedral crystals.
ram: the male of the sheep and allied animals. in some parts of england a ram is called a tup.-aries, the sign of the zodiac which the sun enters about the 21st of march.-the constellation aries, which does not now, as formerly, occupy the sign of the same name.-an engine of war used for butting or battering.-in ancient warfare, a long beam suspended by slings in a framework, and used for battering the walls of cities; a battering-ram.-a heavy steel or iron beak attached to the prow of a steam war vessel for piercing or cutting down the vessel of an enemy; also, a vessel carrying such a beak.-a hydraulic ram. see under hydraulic.-the weight which strikes the blow, in a pile driver, steam hammer, stamp mill, or the like.-the plunger of a hydraulic press.-to butt or strike against; to drive a ram against or through; to thrust or drive with violence; to force in; to drive together; to cram; as, to ram an enemy's vessel; to ram piles, cartridges, etc.-to fill or compact by pounding or driving.
ramadan: the ninth mohammedan month.-the great annual fast of the mohammedans, kept during daylight through the ninth month.
ramayana: the more ancient of the two great epic poems in sanskrit. the hero and heroine are rama and his wife sita.