AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
personal: pertaining to human beings as distinct from things.-of or pertaining to a particular person; relating to, or affecting, an individual, or each of many individuals; peculiar or proper to private concerns; not public or general; as, personal comfort; personal desire.-pertaining to the external or bodily appearance; corporeal; as, personal charms.-done in person; without the intervention of another.-relating to an individual, his character, conduct, motives, or private affairs, in an invidious and offensive manner; as, personal reflections or remarks.-denoting person; as, a personal pronoun.-a movable; a chattel.
personality: that which constitutes distinction of person; individuality.-something said or written which refers to the person, conduct, etc., of some individual, especially something of a disparaging or offensive nature; personal remarks; as, indulgence in personalities.-that quality of a law which concerns the condition, state, and capacity of persons.
personally: in a personal manner; by bodily presence; in person; not by representative or substitute; as, to deliver a letter personally.-with respect to an individual; as regards the person; individually; particularly.-with respect to one's individuality; as regards one's self; as, personally i have no feeling in the matter.
personalty: the state of being a person; personality.-personal property, as distinguished from realty or real property.
personate: to celebrate loudly; to extol; to praise.-to assume the character of; to represent by a fictitious appearance; to act the part of; hence, to counterfeit; to feign; as, he tried to personate his brother; a personated devotion.-to set forth in an unreal character; to disguise; to mask.-to personify; to typify; to describe.-to play or assume a character.-having the throat of a bilabiate corolla nearly closed by a projection of the base of the lower lip; masked, as in the flower of the snapdragon.
personation: the act of personating, or conterfeiting the person or character of another.
personification: the act of personifying; impersonation; embodiment.-a figure of speech in which an inanimate object or abstract idea is represented as animated, or endowed with personality; prosopop/ia; as, the floods clap their hands.
personify: to regard, treat, or represent as a person; to represent as a rational being.-to be the embodiment or personification of; to impersonate; as, he personifies the law.
personnel: the body of persons employed in some public service, as the army, navy, etc.; -- distinguished from materiel.
perspective: of or pertaining to the science of vision; optical.-pertaining to the art, or in accordance with the laws, of perspective.-a glass through which objects are viewed.-that which is seen through an opening; a view; a vista.-the effect of distance upon the appearance of objects, by means of which the eye recognized them as being at a more or less measurable distance. hence, aerial perspective, the assumed greater vagueness or uncertainty of outline in distant objects.-the art and the science of so delineating objects that they shall seem to grow smaller as they recede from the eye; -- called also linear perspective.-a drawing in linear perspective.
perspectograph: an instrument for obtaining, and transferring to a picture, the points and outlines of objects, so as to represent them in their proper geometrical relations as viewed from some one point.
perspectography: the science or art of delineating objects according to the laws of perspective; the theory of perspective.
perspicacious: having the power of seeing clearly; quick-sighted; sharp of sight.-fig.: of acute discernment; keen.
perspicacity: the state of being perspicacious; acuteness of sight or of intelligence; acute discernment.
perspicuity: the quality or state of being transparent or translucent.-the quality of being perspicuous to the understanding; clearness of expression or thought.-sagacity; perspicacity.
perspicuous: capable of being through; transparent; translucent; not opaque.-clear to the understanding; capable of being clearly understood; clear in thought or in expression; not obscure or ambiguous; as, a perspicuous writer; perspicuous statements.
perspiration: the act or process of perspiring.-that which is excreted through the skin; sweat.
perspiratory: of, pertaining to, or producing, perspiration; as, the perspiratory ducts.
perspire: to excrete matter through the skin; esp., to excrete fluids through the pores of the skin; to sweat.-to be evacuated or excreted, or to exude, through the pores of the skin; as, a fluid perspires.-to emit or evacuate through the pores of the skin; to sweat; to excrete through pores.
perstringe: to touch; to graze; to glance on.-to criticise; to touch upon.
persuade: to influence or gain over by argument, advice, entreaty, expostulation, etc.; to draw or incline to a determination by presenting sufficient motives.-to try to influence.-to convince by argument, or by reasons offered or suggested from reflection, etc.; to cause to believe.-to inculcate by argument or expostulation; to advise; to recommend.-to use persuasion; to plead; to prevail by persuasion.-persuasion.
persuasion: the act of persuading; the act of influencing the mind by arguments or reasons offered, or by anything that moves the mind or passions, or inclines the will to a determination.-the state of being persuaded or convinced; settled opinion or conviction, which has been induced.-a creed or belief; a sect or party adhering to a certain creed or system of opinions; as, of the same persuasion; all persuasions are agreed.-the power or quality of persuading; persuasiveness.-that which persuades; a persuasive.
persuasive: tending to persuade; having the power of persuading; as, persuasive eloquence.-that which persuades; an inducement; an incitement; an exhortation.
persulphide: a sulphide containing more sulphur than some other compound of the same elements; as, iron pyrites is a persulphide; -- formerly called persulphuret.
persulphocyanic: pertaining to, or designating, a yellow crystalline substance (called also perthiocyanic acid), analogous to sulphocyanic acid, but containing more sulphur.
persulphocyanogen: an orange-yellow substance, produced by the action of chlorine or boiling dilute nitric acid and sulphocyanate of potassium; -- called also pseudosulphocyanogen, perthiocyanogen, and formerly sulphocyanogen.
pert: open; evident; apert.-lively; brisk; sprightly; smart.-indecorously free, or presuming; saucy; bold; impertinent.-to behave with pertness.
pertain: to belong; to have connection with, or dependence on, something, as an appurtenance, attribute, etc.; to appertain; as, saltness pertains to the ocean; flowers pertain to plant life.-to have relation or reference to something.
perthite: a kind of feldspar consisting of a laminated intertexture of albite and orthoclase, usually of different colors.
pertinacious: holding or adhering to any opinion, purpose, or design, with obstinacy; perversely persistent; obstinate; as, pertinacious plotters; a pertinacious beggar.-resolute; persevering; constant; steady.
pertinacity: the quality or state of being pertinacious; obstinacy; perseverance; persistency.
pertinacy: the quality or state of being pertinent; pertinence.-pertinacity.
pertinency: the quality or state of being pertinent; justness of relation to the subject or matter in hand; fitness; appositeness; relevancy; suitableness.
pertinent: belonging or related to the subject or matter in hand; fit or appropriate in any way; adapted to the end proposed; apposite; material; relevant; as, pertinent illustrations or arguments; pertinent evidence.-regarding; concerning; belonging; pertaining.
perturb: to disturb; to agitate; to vex; to trouble; to disquiet.-to disorder; to confuse.
perturbable: liable to be perturbed or agitated; liable to be disturbed or disquieted.
perturbation: the act of perturbing, or the state of being perturbed; esp., agitation of mind.-a disturbance in the regular elliptic or other motion of a heavenly body, produced by some force additional to that which causes its regular motion; as, the perturbations of the planets are caused by their attraction on each other.
perturbational: of or pertaining to perturbation, esp. to the perturbations of the planets.
perturber: one who, or that which, perturbs, or cause perturbation.
pertusion: the act of punching or piercing with a pointed instrument; as, pertusion of a vein.-a punched hole; a perforation.
perula: one of the scales of a leaf bud.-a pouchlike portion of the perianth in certain orchides.
perusal: the act of carefully viewing or examining.-the act of reading, especially of reading through or with care.
peruvian: of or pertaining to peru, in south america.-a native or an inhabitant of peru.
pervade: to pass or flow through, as an aperture, pore, or interstice; to permeate.-to pass or spread through the whole extent of; to be diffused throughout.
pervasion: the act of pervading, passing, or spreading through the whole extent of a thing.
pervasive: tending to pervade, or having power to spread throughout; of a pervading quality.
perverse: turned aside; hence, specifically, turned away from the right; willfully erring; wicked; perverted.-obstinate in the wrong; stubborn; intractable; hence, wayward; vexing; contrary.
perversion: the act of perverting, or the state of being perverted; a turning from truth or right; a diverting from the true intent or object; a change to something worse; a turning or applying to a wrong end or use.
pervert: to turnanother way; to divert.-to turn from truth, rectitude, or propriety; to divert from a right use, end, or way; to lead astray; to corrupt; also, to misapply; to misinterpret designedly; as, to pervert one's words.-to become perverted; to take the wrong course.-one who has been perverted; one who has turned to error, especially in religion; -- opposed to convert. see the synonym of convert.
pervious: admitting passage; capable of being penetrated by another body or substance; permeable; as, a pervious soil.-capable of being penetrated, or seen through, by physical or mental vision.-capable of penetrating or pervading.-open; -- used synonymously with perforate, as applied to the nostrils or birds.
perviousness: the quality or state of being pervious; as, the perviousness of glass.
pes: the distal segment of the hind limb of vertebrates, including the tarsus and foot.
pesade: the motion of a horse when, raising his fore quarters, he keeps his hind feet on the ground without advancing; rearing.
peseta: a spanish silver coin, and money of account, equal to about nineteen cents, and divided into 100 centesimos.
peshitto: the earliest syriac version of the old testament, translated from hebrew; also, the incomplete syriac version of the new testament.
peso: a spanish dollar; also, an argentine, chilian, colombian, etc., coin, equal to from 75 cents to a dollar; also, a pound weight.
pessary: an instrument or device to be introduced into and worn in the vagina, to support the uterus, or remedy a malposition.-a medicinal substance in the form of a bolus or mass, designed for introduction into the vagina; a vaginal suppository.
pessimism: the opinion or doctrine that everything in nature is ordered for or tends to the worst, or that the world is wholly evil; -- opposed to optimism.-a disposition to take the least hopeful view of things.
pessimist: one who advocates the doctrine of pessimism; -- opposed to optimist.-one who looks on the dark side of things.-alt. of pessimistic
pessimistic: of or pertaining to pessimism; characterized by pessimism; gloomy; foreboding.
pessulus: a delicate bar of cartilage connecting the dorsal and ventral extremities of the first pair of bronchial cartilages in the syrinx of birds.
pest: a fatal epidemic disease; a pestilence; specif., the plague.-anything which resembles a pest; one who, or that which, is troublesome, noxious, mischievous, or destructive; a nuisance.
pestalozzian: belonging to, or characteristic of, a system of elementary education which combined manual training with other instruction, advocated and practiced by jean henri pestalozzi (1746-1827), a swiss teacher.-an advocate or follower of the system of pestalozzi.
pester: to trouble; to disturb; to annoy; to harass with petty vexations.-to crowd together in an annoying way; to overcrowd; to infest.
pesterment: the act of pestering, or the state of being pestered; vexation; worry.
pesterous: inclined to pester. also, vexatious; encumbering; burdensome.
pestiferous: pest-bearing; pestilential; noxious to health; malignant; infectious; contagious; as, pestiferous bodies.-noxious to peace, to morals, or to society; vicious; hurtful; destructive; as, a pestiferous demagogue.
pestilence: specifically, the disease known as the plague; hence, any contagious or infectious epidemic disease that is virulent and devastating.-fig.: that which is pestilent, noxious, or pernicious to the moral character of great numbers.
pestilent: pestilential; noxious; pernicious; mischievous.
pestilential: having the nature or qualities of a pestilence.-hence: mischievous; noxious; pernicious; morally destructive.
pestle: an implement for pounding and breaking or braying substances in a mortar.-a constable's or bailiff's staff; -- so called from its shape.-the leg and leg bone of an animal, especially of a pig; as, a pestle of pork.-to pound, pulverize, bray, or mix with a pestle, or as with a pestle; to use a pestle.
pet: a cade lamb; a lamb brought up by hand.-any person or animal especially cherished and indulged; a fondling; a darling; often, a favorite child.-a slight fit of peevishness or fretfulness.-petted; indulged; admired; cherished; as, a pet child; a pet lamb; a pet theory.-to treat as a pet; to fondle; to indulge; as, she was petted and spoiled.-to be a pet.
petal: one of the leaves of the corolla, or the colored leaves of a flower. see corolla, and illust. of flower.-one of the expanded ambulacra which form a rosette on the black of certain echini.
petaled: having petals; as, a petaled flower; -- opposed to apetalous, and much used in compounds; as, one-petaled, three-petaled, etc.
petaliform: having the form of a petal; petaloid; petal-shaped.
petaline: pertaining to a petal; attached to, or resembling, a petal.
petalism: a form of sentence among the ancient syracusans by which they banished for five years a citizen suspected of having dangerous influence or ambition. it was similar to the ostracism in athens; but olive leaves were used instead of shells for ballots.
petalite: a rare mineral, occurring crystallized and in cleavable masses, usually white, or nearly so, in color. it is a silicate of aluminia and lithia.
petalody: the metamorphosis of various floral organs, usually stamens, into petals.
petalosticha: an order of echini, including the irregular sea urchins, as the spatangoids. see spatangoid.
petard: a case containing powder to be exploded, esp. a conical or cylindrical case of metal filled with powder and attached to a plank, to be exploded against and break down gates, barricades, drawbridges, etc.  it has been superseded.
petasus: the winged cap of mercury; also, a broad-brimmed, low-crowned hat worn by greeks and romans.
petaurist: any flying marsupial of the genera petaurus, phalangista, acrobata, and allied genera. see flying mouse, under flying, and phalangister.
petechiae: small crimson, purple, or livid spots, like flea-bites, due to extravasation of blood, which appear on the skin in malignant fevers, etc.
peter: a common baptismal name for a man. the name of one of the apostles,-to become exhausted; to run out; to fail; -- used generally with out; as, that mine has petered out.
petersham: a rough, knotted woolen cloth, used chiefly for men's overcoats; also, a coat of that material.
petiolary: of or pertaining to petiole, or proceeding from it; as, a petiolar tendril; growing or supported upon a petiole; as, a petiolar gland; a petiolar bud.
petiolated: having a stalk or petiole; as, a petioleate leaf; the petiolated abdomen of certain hymenoptera.
petiole: a leafstalk; the footstalk of a leaf, connecting the blade with the stem. see illust. of leaf.-a stalk or peduncle.
petition: a prayer; a supplication; an imploration; an entreaty; especially, a request of a solemn or formal kind; a prayer to the supreme being, or to a person of superior power, rank, or authority; also, a single clause in such a prayer.-a formal written request addressed to an official person, or to an organized body, having power to grant it; specifically (law), a supplication to government, in either of its branches, for the granting of a particular grace or right; -- in distinction from a memorial, which calls certain facts to mind; also, the written document.-to make a prayer or request to; to ask from; to solicit; to entreat; especially, to make a formal written supplication, or application to, as to any branch of the government; as, to petition the court; to petition the governor.-to make a petition or solicitation.
petitionary: supplicatory; making a petition.-containing a petition; of the nature of a petition; as, a petitionary epistle.
petrel: any one of numerous species of longwinged sea birds belonging to the family procellaridae. the small petrels, or mother carey's chickens, belong to oceanites, oceanodroma, procellaria, and several allied genera.
petrifaction: the process of petrifying, or changing into stone; conversion of any organic matter (animal or vegetable) into stone, or a substance of stony hardness.-the state or condition of being petrified.-that which is petrified; popularly, a body incrusted with stony matter; an incrustation.-fig.: hardness; callousness; obduracy.
petrifactive: having the quality of converting organic matter into stone; petrifying.-pertaining to, or characterized by, petrifaction.
petrify: to convert, as any animal or vegetable matter, into stone or stony substance.-to make callous or obdurate; to stupefy; to paralyze; to transform; as by petrifaction; as, to petrify the heart. young.-to become stone, or of a stony hardness, as organic matter by calcareous deposits.-fig.: to become stony, callous, or obdurate.
petro-: a combining form from gr. / a rock, / a stone; as, petrology, petroglyphic.
petrogale: any australian kangaroo of the genus petrogale, as the rock wallaby (p. penicillata).
petroglyphy: the art or operation of carving figures or inscriptions on rock or stone.
petrography: the art of writing on stone.-the scientific description of rocks; that department of science which investigates the constitution of rocks; petrology.
petrohyoid: pertaining to petrous, oe periotic, portion of the skull and the hyoid arch; as, the petrohyoid muscles of the frog.
petrolatum: a semisolid unctuous substance, neutral, and without taste or odor, derived from petroleum by distilling off the lighter portions and purifying the residue. it is a yellowish, fatlike mass, transparent in thin layers, and somewhat fluorescent. it is used as a bland protective dressing, and as a substitute for fatty materials in ointments.
petroleum: rock oil, mineral oil, or natural oil, a dark brown or greenish inflammable liquid, which, at certain points, exists in the upper strata of the earth, from whence it is pumped, or forced by pressure of the gas attending it. it consists of a complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the methane series, but may vary much in appearance, composition, and properties. it is refined by distillation, and the products include kerosene, benzine, gasoline, paraffin, etc.
petroline: a paraffin obtained from petroleum from rangoon in india, and practically identical with ordinary paraffin.
petrology: the department of science which is concerned with the mineralogical and chemical composition of rocks, and with their classification: lithology.-a treatise on petrology.
petromastoid: of or pertaining to the petrous and mastoid parts of the temporal bone, periotic.
petronel: a sort of hand cannon, or portable firearm, used in france in the 15th century.
petrosal: hard; stony; petrous; as, the petrosal bone; petrosal part of the temporal bone.-of, pertaining to, or in the region of, the petrous, or petrosal, bone, or the corresponding part of the temporal bone.-a petrosal bone.-the auditory capsule.
petrous: like stone; hard; stony; rocky; as, the petrous part of the temporal bone.-same as petrosal.
petticoat: a loose under-garment worn by women, and covering the body below the waist.
pettifog: to do a petty business as a lawyer; also, to do law business in a petty or tricky way.-to advocate like a pettifogger; to argue trickily; as, to pettifog a claim.
pettifogger: a lawyer who deals in petty cases; an attorney whose methods are mean and tricky; an inferior lawyer.
pettifoggery: the practice or arts of a pettifogger; disreputable tricks; quibbles.
pettifogging: of pettifog-paltry; quibbling; mean.-pettifoggery.
pettifogulize: to act as a pettifogger; to use contemptible tricks.
pettiness: the quality or state of being petty or paltry; littleness; meanness.
pettish: fretful; peevish; moody; capricious; inclined to ill temper.
pettitoes: the toes or feet of a pig, -- often used as food; sometimes, in contempt, the human feet.
petty: little; trifling; inconsiderable; also, inferior; subordinate; as, a petty fault; a petty prince.
pettychaps: any one of several species of small european singing birds of the subfamily sylviinae, as the willow warbler, the chiff-chaff, and the golden warbler (sylvia hortensis).
petulancy: the quality or state of being petulant; temporary peevishness; pettishness; capricious ill humor.
petulant: forward; pert; insolent; wanton.-capriciously fretful; characterized by ill-natured freakishness; irritable.
petunia: a genus of solanaceous herbs with funnelform or salver-shaped corollas. two species are common in cultivation, petunia violacera, with reddish purple flowers, and p. nyctaginiflora, with white flowers. there are also many hybrid forms with variegated corollas.
petuntze: powdered fledspar, kaolin, or quartz, used in the manufacture of porcelain.
petworth marble: a kind of shell marble occurring in the wealden clay at petworth, in sussex, england; -- called also sussex marble.
peucedanin: a tasteless white crystalline substance, extracted from the roots of the sulphurwort (peucedanum), masterwort (imperatoria), and other related plants; -- called also imperatorin.
peucil: a liquid resembling camphene, obtained by treating turpentine hydrochloride with lime.
pew: one of the compartments in a church which are separated by low partitions, and have long seats upon which several persons may sit; -- sometimes called slip. pews were originally made square, but are now usually long and narrow.-any structure shaped like a church pew, as a stall, formerly used by money lenders, etc.; a box in theater; a pen; a sheepfold.-to furnish with pews.
pewee: a common american tyrant flycatcher (sayornis phoebe, or s. fuscus). called also pewit, and phoebe.-the woodcock.
pewfellow: one who occupies the same pew with another.-an intimate associate; a companion.
pewit: the lapwing.-the european black-headed, or laughing, gull (xema ridibundus). see under laughing.-the pewee.
pewter: a hard, tough, but easily fusible, alloy, originally consisting of tin with a little lead, but afterwards modified by the addition of copper, antimony, or bismuth.-utensils or vessels made of pewter, as dishes, porringers, drinking vessels, tankards, pots.
pewterer: one whose occupation is to make utensils of pewter; a pewtersmith.
peyer's glands: patches of lymphoid nodules, in the walls of the small intestiness; agminated glands; -- called also peyer's patches. in typhoid fever they become the seat of ulcers which are regarded as the characteristic organic lesion of that disease.
peytrel: the breastplate of a horse's armor or harness. [spelt also peitrel.] see poitrel.
peziza: a genus of fungi embracing a great number of species, some of which are remarkable for their regular cuplike form and deep colors.
pezizoid: resembling a fungus of the genus peziza; having a cuplike form.
pfennig: a small copper coin of germany. it is the hundredth part of a mark, or about a quarter of a cent in united states currency.