AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
dial: an instrument, formerly much used for showing the time of day from the shadow of a style or gnomon on a graduated arc or surface; esp., a sundial; but there are lunar and astral dials. the style or gnomon is usually parallel to the earth's axis, but the dial plate may be either horizontal or vertical.-the graduated face of a timepiece, on which the time of day is shown by pointers or hands.-a miner's compass.-to measure with a dial.-to survey with a dial.
dialect: means or mode of expressing thoughts; language; tongue; form of speech.-the form of speech of a limited region or people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by local peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the ionic and attic were dialects of greece; the yorkshire dialect; the dialect of the learned.
dialectical: pertaining to dialectics; logical; argumental.-pertaining to a dialect or to dialects.
dialectics: that branch of logic which teaches the rules and modes of reasoning; the application of logical principles to discursive reasoning; the science or art of discriminating truth from error; logical discussion.
dialing: of dial-the art of constructing dials; the science which treats of measuring time by dials.-a method of surveying, especially in mines, in which the bearings of the courses, or the angles which they make with each other, are determined by means of the circumferentor.
diallage: a figure by which arguments are placed in various points of view, and then turned to one point.-a dark green or bronze-colored laminated variety of pyroxene, common in certain igneous rocks.
diallyl: a volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon, c6h10, consisting of two allyl radicals, and belonging to the acetylene series.
dialogue: a conversation between two or more persons; particularly, a formal conservation in theatrical performances or in scholastic exercises.-a written composition in which two or more persons are represented as conversing or reasoning on some topic; as, the dialogues of plato.-to take part in a dialogue; to dialogize.-to express as in dialogue.
dialysis: diaeresis. see diaeresis, 1.-same as asyndeton.-debility.-a solution of continuity; division; separation of parts.-the separation of different substances in solution, as crystalloids and colloids, by means of their unequal diffusion, especially through natural or artificial membranes.
dialyze: to separate, prepare, or obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to pass through an animal membrane; to subject to dialysis.
dialyzed: of dialyze-prepared by diffusion through an animal membrane; as, dialyzed iron.
diamagnetic: pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism; taking, or being of a nature to take, a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force. see paramagnetic.-any substance, as bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc., which in a field of magnetic force is differently affected from the ordinary magnetic bodies, as iron; that is, which tends to take a position at right angles to the lines of magnetic force, and is repelled by either pole of the magnet.
diamagnetism: the science which treats of diamagnetic phenomena, and of the properties of diamagnetic bodies.-that form or condition of magnetic action which characterizes diamagnetics.
diameter: any right line passing through the center of a figure or body, as a circle, conic section, sphere, cube, etc., and terminated by the opposite boundaries; a straight line which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve.-a diametral plane.-the length of a straight line through the center of an object from side to side; width; thickness; as, the diameter of a tree or rock.-the distance through the lower part of the shaft of a column, used as a standard measure for all parts of the order. see module.
diametrical: of or pertaining to a diameter.-as remote as possible, as if at the opposite end of a diameter; directly adverse.
diametrically: in a diametrical manner; directly; as, diametrically opposite.
diamide: any compound containing two amido groups united with one or more acid or negative radicals, -- as distinguished from a diamine.  cf. amido acid, under amido, and acid amide, under amide.
diamine: a compound containing two amido groups united with one or more basic or positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a diamide.
diamond: a precious stone or gem excelling in brilliancy and beautiful play of prismatic colors, and remarkable for extreme hardness.-a geometrical figure, consisting of four equal straight lines, and having two of the interior angles acute and two obtuse; a rhombus; a lozenge.-one of a suit of playing cards, stamped with the figure of a diamond.-a pointed projection, like a four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.-the infield; the square space, 90 feet on a side, having the bases at its angles.-the smallest kind of type in english printing, except that called brilliant, which is seldom seen.-resembling a diamond; made of, or abounding in, diamonds; as, a diamond chain; a diamond field.
diamond-back: the salt-marsh terrapin of the atlantic coast (malacoclemmys palustris).
diamonded: having figures like a diamond or lozenge.-adorned with diamonds; diamondized.
diamylene: a liquid hydrocarbon, c10h20, of the ethylene series, regarded as a polymeric form of amylene.
diana: the daughter of jupiter and latona; a virgin goddess who presided over hunting, chastity, and marriage; -- identified with the greek goddess artemis.
dianthus: a genus of plants containing some of the most popular of cultivated flowers, including the pink, carnation, and sweet william.
diapason: the octave, or interval which includes all the tones of the diatonic scale.-concord, as of notes an octave apart; harmony.-the entire compass of tones.-a standard of pitch; a tuning fork; as, the french normal diapason.-one of certain stops in the organ, so called because they extend through the scale of the instrument. they are of several kinds, as open diapason, stopped diapason, double diapason, and the like.
diapedesis: the passage of the corpuscular elements of the blood from the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, without rupture of the walls of the blood vessels.
diaper: any textile fabric (esp. linen or cotton toweling) woven in diaper pattern. see 2.-surface decoration of any sort which consists of the constant repetition of one or more simple figures or units of design evenly spaced.-a towel or napkin for wiping the hands, etc.-an infant's breechcloth.-to ornament with figures, etc., arranged in the pattern called diaper, as cloth in weaving.-to put a diaper on (a child).-to draw flowers or figures, as upon cloth.
diaphaneity: the quality of being diaphanous; transparency; pellucidness.
diaphanoscope: a dark box constructed for viewing transparent pictures, with or without a lens.
diaphanotype: a colored photograph produced by superimposing a translucent colored positive over a strong uncolored one.
diaphanous: allowing light to pass through, as porcelain; translucent or transparent; pellucid; clear.
diaphemetric: relating to the measurement of the tactile sensibility of parts; as, diaphemetric compasses.
diaphoretic: alt. of diaphoretical-a medicine or agent which promotes perspiration.
diaphragm: a dividing membrane or thin partition, commonly with an opening through it.-the muscular and tendinous partition separating the cavity of the chest from that of the abdomen; the midriff.-a calcareous plate which divides the cavity of certain shells into two parts.-a plate with an opening, which is generally circular, used in instruments to cut off marginal portions of a beam of light, as at the focus of a telescope.-a partition in any compartment, for various purposes.
diaphragmatic: pertaining to a diaphragm; as, diaphragmatic respiration; the diaphragmatic arteries and nerves.
diaphysis: an abnormal prolongation of the axis of inflorescence.-the shaft, or main part, of a bone, which is first ossified.
diapnoic: slightly increasing an insensible perspiration; mildly diaphoretic.-a gentle diaphoretic.
diapophysis: the dorsal transverse, or tubercular, process of a vertebra. see vertebra.
diarrhoea: a morbidly frequent and profuse discharge of loose or fluid evacuations from the intestines, without tenesmus; a purging or looseness of the bowels; a flux.
diarrhoeal: of or pertaining to diarrhea; like diarrhea.
diarthrosis: a form of articulation which admits of considerable motion; a complete joint; abarticulation. see articulation.
diary: a register of daily events or transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for the record of daily memoranda; as, a diary of the weather; a physician's diary.-lasting for one day; as, a diary fever.
diaspore: a hydrate of alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masses with brilliant pearly luster; -- so named on account of its decrepitating when heated before the blowpipe.
diastase: a soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starch and dextrin into sugar.
diastasic: pertaining to, or consisting of, diastase; as, diastasic ferment.
diastatic: relating to diastase; having the properties of diastase; effecting the conversion of starch into sugar.
diaster: a double star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two groups, preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. see karyokinesis.
diastole: the rhythmical expansion or dilatation of the heart and arteries; -- correlative to systole, or contraction.-a figure by which a syllable naturally short is made long.
diatessaron: the interval of a fourth.-a continuous narrative arranged from the first four books of the new testament.-an electuary compounded of four medicines.
diathermaneity: the property of transmitting radiant heat; the quality of being diathermous.
diathermanous: having the property of transmitting radiant heat; diathermal; -- opposed to athermanous.
diathermometer: an instrument for examining the thermal resistance or heat-conducting power of liquids.
diathesis: bodily condition or constitution, esp. a morbid habit which predisposes to a particular disease, or class of diseases.
diathetic: pertaining to, or dependent on, a diathesis or special constitution of the body; as, diathetic disease.
diatom: one of the diatomaceae, a family of minute unicellular algae having a siliceous covering of great delicacy, each individual multiplying by spontaneous division. by some authors diatoms are called bacillariae, but this word is not in general use.-a particle or atom endowed with the vital principle.
diatomous: having a single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals.
diatonic: pertaining to the scale of eight tones, the eighth of which is the octave of the first.
diatribe: a prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, an acrimonious or invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railing language; a philippic.
diazeutic: disjoining two fourths; as, the diazeutic tone, which, like that from f to g in modern music, lay between two fourths, and, being joined to either, made a fifth.
diazo-: a combining form  (also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to, or derived from, a series of compounds containing a radical of two nitrogen atoms, united usually to an aromatic radical; as, diazo-benzene, c6h5.n2.oh.
diazotize: to subject to such reactions or processes that diazo compounds, or their derivatives, shall be produced by chemical exchange or substitution.
dib: to dip.-one of the small bones in the knee joints of sheep uniting the bones above and below the joints.-a child's game, played with dib bones.
dibasic: having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids.  cf. diacid, bibasic.
dibble: a pointed implement used to make holes in the ground in which no set out plants or to plant seeds.-to dib or dip frequently, as in angling.-to plant with a dibble; to make holes in (soil) with a dibble, for planting.-to make holes or indentations in, as if with a dibble.
dibbler: one who, or that which, dibbles, or makes holes in the ground for seed.
dibranchiata: an order of cephalopods which includes those with two gills, an apparatus for emitting an inky fluid, and either eight or ten cephalic arms bearing suckers or hooks, as the octopi and squids. see cephalopoda.
dibutyl: a liquid hydrocarbon, c8h18, of the marsh-gas series, being one of several octanes, and consisting of two butyl radicals.  cf. octane.
dicarbonic: containing two carbon residues, or two carboxyl or radicals; as, oxalic acid is a dicarbonic acid.
dice: small cubes used in gaming or in determining by chance; also, the game played with dice. see die, n.-to play games with dice.-to ornament with squares, diamonds, or cubes.-of die
dicentra: a genus of herbaceous plants, with racemes of two-spurred or heart-shaped flowers, including the dutchman's breeches, and the more showy bleeding heart (d. spectabilis).
dichogamy: the condition of certain species of plants, in which the stamens and pistil do not mature simultaneously, so that these plants can never fertilize themselves.
dichotomize: to cut into two parts; to part into two divisions; to divide into pairs; to bisect.-to exhibit as a half disk. see dichotomy, 3.-to separate into two parts; to branch dichotomously; to become dichotomous.
dichotomous: regularly dividing by pairs from bottom to top; as, a dichotomous stem.
dichotomy: a cutting in two; a division.-division or distribution of genera into two species; division into two subordinate parts.-that phase of the moon in which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the quadratures.-successive division and subdivision, as of a stem of a plant or a vein of the body, into two parts as it proceeds from its origin; successive bifurcation.-the place where a stem or vein is forked.-division into two; especially, the division of a class into two subclasses opposed to each other by contradiction, as the division of the term man into white and not white.
dichroism: the property of presenting different colors by transmitted light, when viewed in two different directions, the colors being unlike in the direction of unlike or unequal axes.
dichroite: iolite; -- so called from its presenting two different colors when viewed in two different directions. see iolite.
dichromate: a salt of chromic acid containing two equivalents of the acid radical to one of the base; -- called also bichromate.
dichromatic: having or exhibiting two colors.-having two color varieties, or two phases differing in color, independently of age or sex, as in certain birds and insects.
dichromic: furnishing or giving two colors; -- said of defective vision, in which all the compound colors are resolvable into two elements instead of three.
dicker: the number or quantity of ten, particularly ten hides or skins; a dakir; as, a dicker of gloves.-a chaffering, barter, or exchange, of small wares; as, to make a dicker.-to negotiate a dicker; to barter.
dicky: a seat behind a carriage, for a servant.-a false shirt front or bosom.-a gentleman's shirt collar.
diclinic: having two of the intersections between the three axes oblique. see crystallization.
dicoccous: composed of two coherent, one-seeded carpels; as, a dicoccous capsule.
dicotyledon: a plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or cotyledons, in germinating.
dicotyledonous: having two cotyledons or seed lobes; as, a dicotyledonous plant.
dicrotic: of or pertaining to dicrotism; as, a dicrotic pulse.-of or pertaining to the second expansion of the artery in the dicrotic pulse; as, the dicrotic wave.
dicrotism: a condition in which there are two beats or waves of the arterial pulse to each beat of the heart.
dictamnus: a suffrutescent, d. fraxinella (the only species), with strong perfume and showy flowers. the volatile oil of the leaves is highly inflammable.
dictate: to tell or utter so that another may write down; to inspire; to compose; as, to dictate a letter to an amanuensis.-to say; to utter; to communicate authoritatively; to deliver (a command) to a subordinate; to declare with authority; to impose; as, to dictate the terms of a treaty; a general dictates orders to his troops.-to speak as a superior; to command; to impose conditions (on).-to compose literary works; to tell what shall be written or said by another.-a statement delivered with authority; an order; a command; an authoritative rule, principle, or maxim; a prescription; as, listen to the dictates of your conscience; the dictates of the gospel.
dictation: the act of dictating; the act or practice of prescribing; also that which is dictated.-the speaking to, or the giving orders to, in an overbearing manner; authoritative utterance; as, his habit, even with friends, was that of dictation.
dictator: one who dictates; one who prescribes rules and maxims authoritatively for the direction of others.-one invested with absolute authority; especially, a magistrate created in times of exigence and distress, and invested with unlimited power.
dictatorial: pertaining or suited to a dictator; absolute.-characteristic of a dictator; imperious; dogmatical; overbearing; as, a dictatorial tone or manner.
dictatorship: the office, or the term of office, of a dictator; hence, absolute power.
diction: choice of words for the expression of ideas; the construction, disposition, and application of words in discourse, with regard to clearness, accuracy, variety, etc.; mode of expression; language; as, the diction of chaucer's poems.
dictionary: a book containing the words of a language, arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their meanings; a lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook.-hence, a book containing the words belonging to any system or province of knowledge, arranged alphabetically; as, a dictionary of medicine or of botany; a biographical dictionary.
dictum: an authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying; an apothegm.-a judicial opinion expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in the case, and are not involved in it.-the report of a judgment made by one of the judges who has given it.-an arbitrament or award.
dictyogen: a plant with net-veined leaves, and monocotyledonous embryos, belonging to the class dictyogenae, proposed by lindley for the orders dioscoreaceae, smilaceae, trilliaceae, etc.
dicyanide: a compound of a binary type containing two cyanogen groups or radicals; -- called also bicyanide.
dicyemata: an order of worms parasitic in cephalopods. they are remarkable for the extreme simplicity of their structure. the embryo exists in two forms.
dicyemid: like or belonging to the dicyemata.-one of the dicyemata.
dicynodont: one of a group of extinct reptiles having the jaws armed with a horny beak, as in turtles, and in the genus dicynodon, supporting also a pair of powerful tusks. their remains are found in triassic strata of south africa and india.
didactical: fitted or intended to teach; conveying instruction; preceptive; instructive; teaching some moral lesson; as, didactic essays.
didelphia: the subclass of mammalia which includes the marsupials. see marsupialia.
didelphian: of or relating to the didelphia.-one of the didelphia.
didelphic: having the uterus double; of or pertaining to the didelphia.
didelphous: didelphic.-formerly, any marsupial; but the term is now restricted to an american genus which includes the opossums, of which there are many species. see opossum. [written also didelphis.] see illustration in appendix.
didonia: the curve which on a given surface and with a given perimeter contains the greatest area.
didrachma: a two-drachma piece; an ancient greek silver coin, worth nearly forty cents.
didymium: a rare metallic substance usually associated with the metal cerium; -- hence its name. it was formerly supposed to be an element, but has since been found to consist of two simpler elementary substances, neodymium and praseodymium. see neodymium, and praseodymium.
didynamia: a linnaean class of plants having four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.
didynamous: of or pertaining to the didynamia; containing four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.
die: of dice-to pass from an animate to a lifeless state; to cease to live; to suffer a total and irreparable loss of action of the vital functions; to become dead; to expire; to perish; -- said of animals and vegetables; often with of, by, with, from, and rarely for, before the cause or occasion of death; as, to die of disease or hardships; to die by fire or the sword; to die with horror at the thought.-to suffer death; to lose life.-to perish in any manner; to cease; to become lost or extinct; to be extinguished.-to sink; to faint; to pine; to languish, with weakness, discouragement, love, etc.-to become indifferent; to cease to be subject; as, to die to pleasure or to sin.-to recede and grow fainter; to become imperceptible; to vanish; -- often with out or away.-to disappear gradually in another surface, as where moldings are lost in a sloped or curved face.-to become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as liquor.-a small cube, marked on its faces with spots from one to six, and used in playing games by being shaken in a box and thrown from it. see dice.-any small cubical or square body.-that which is, or might be, determined, by a throw of the die; hazard; chance.-that part of a pedestal included between base and cornice; the dado.-a metal or plate (often one of a pair) so cut or shaped as to give a certain desired form to, or impress any desired device on, an object or surface, by pressure or by a blow; used in forging metals, coining, striking up sheet metal, etc.-a perforated block, commonly of hardened steel used in connection with a punch, for punching holes, as through plates, or blanks from plates, or for forming cups or capsules, as from sheet metal, by drawing.-a hollow internally threaded screw-cutting tool, made in one piece or composed of several parts, for forming screw threads on bolts, etc.; one of the separate parts which make up such a tool.
dielectric: any substance or medium that transmits the electric force by a process different from conduction, as in the phenomena of induction; a nonconductor. separating a body electrified by induction, from the electrifying body.
diencephalon: the interbrain or thalamencephalon; -- sometimes abbreviated to dien. see thalamencephalon.
dieresis: the separation or resolution of one syllable into two; -- the opposite of synaeresis.-a mark consisting of two dots [/], placed over the second of two adjacent vowels, to denote that they are to be pronounced as distinct letters; as, cooperate, aerial.-same as diaeresis.
dies irae: day of wrath; -- the name and beginning of a famous mediaeval latin hymn on the last judgment.
diesis: a small interval, less than any in actual practice, but used in the mathematical calculation of intervals.-the mark /; -- called also double dagger.
diet: course of living or nourishment; what is eaten and drunk habitually; food; victuals; fare.-a course of food selected with reference to a particular state of health; prescribed allowance of food; regimen prescribed.-to cause to take food; to feed.-to cause to eat and drink sparingly, or by prescribed rules; to regulate medicinally the food of.-to eat; to take one's meals.-to eat according to prescribed rules; to ear sparingly; as, the doctor says he must diet.-a legislative or administrative assembly in germany, poland, and some other countries of europe; a deliberative convention; a council; as, the diet of worms, held in 1521.
dietary: pertaining to diet, or to the rules of diet.-a rule of diet; a fixed allowance of food, as in workhouse, prison, etc.
dieter: one who diets; one who prescribes, or who partakes of, food, according to hygienic rules.
dietetical: of or performance to diet, or to the rules for regulating the kind and quantity of food to be eaten.
dietetics: that part of the medical or hygienic art which relates to diet or food; rules for diet.
diethylamine: a colorless, volatile, alkaline liquid, nh(c2h5)2, having a strong fishy odor resembling that of herring or sardines.  cf. methylamine.
diffarreation: a form of divorce, among the ancient romans, in which a cake was used. see confarreation.