AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
essential: belonging to the essence, or that which makes an object, or class of objects, what it is.-hence, really existing; existent.-important in the highest degree; indispensable to the attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.-containing the essence or characteristic portion of a substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence, unmixed; as, an essential oil.-necessary; indispensable; -- said of those tones which constitute a chord, in distinction from ornamental or passing tones.-idiopathic; independent of other diseases.
essentiate: to form or constitute the essence or being of.-to become assimilated; to be changed into the essence.
essoign: an excuse for not appearing in court at the return of process; the allegation of an excuse to the court.-excuse; exemption.
essorant: standing, but with the wings spread, as if about to fly; -- said of a bird borne as a charge on an escutcheon.
establish: to make stable or firm; to fix immovably or firmly; to set (a thing) in a place and make it stable there; to settle; to confirm.-to appoint or constitute for permanence, as officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain.-to originate and secure the permanent existence of; to found; to institute; to create and regulate; -- said of a colony, a state, or other institutions.-to secure public recognition in favor of; to prove and cause to be accepted as true; as, to establish a fact, usage, principle, opinion, doctrine, etc.-to set up in business; to place advantageously in a fixed condition; -- used reflexively; as, he established himself in a place; the enemy established themselves in the citadel.
establishment: the act of establishing; a ratifying or ordaining; settlement; confirmation.-the state of being established, founded, and the like; fixed state.-that which is established; as: (a) a form of government, civil or ecclesiastical; especially, a system of religion maintained by the civil power; as, the episcopal establishment of england. (b) a permanent civil, military, or commercial, force or organization. (c) the place in which one is permanently fixed for residence or business; residence, including grounds, furniture, equipage, etc.; with which one is fitted out; also, any office or place of business, with its fixtures; that which serves for the carrying on of a business; as, to keep up a large establishment; a manufacturing establishment.
establishmentarian: one who regards the church primarily as an establishment formed by the state, and overlooks its intrinsic spiritual character.
estacade: a dike of piles in the sea, a river, etc., to check the approach of an enemy.
estafette: a courier who conveys messages to another courier; a military courier sent from one part of an army to another.
estate: settled condition or form of existence; state; condition or circumstances of life or of any person; situation.-social standing or rank; quality; dignity.-a person of high rank.-a property which a person possesses; a fortune; possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all kinds which a person leaves to be divided at his death.-the state; the general body politic; the common-wealth; the general interest; state affairs.-the great classes or orders of a community or state (as the clergy, the nobility, and the commonalty of england) or their representatives who administer the government; as, the estates of the realm (england), which are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords temporal, (3) the commons.-the degree, quality, nature, and extent of one's interest in, or ownership of, lands, tenements, etc.; as, an estate for life, for years, at will, etc.-to establish.-tom settle as a fortune.-to endow with an estate.
esteem: to set a value on; to appreciate the worth of; to estimate; to value; to reckon.-to set a high value on; to prize; to regard with reverence, respect, or friendship.-to form an estimate; to have regard to the value; to consider.-estimation; opinion of merit or value; hence, valuation; reckoning; price.-high estimation or value; great regard; favorable opinion, founded on supposed worth.
ester: an ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic, etc.
esthesiometer: an instrument to measure the degree of sensation, by determining at how short a distance two impressions upon the skin can be distinguished, and thus to determine whether the condition of tactile sensibility is normal or altered.-same as aesthesiometer.
esthetics: the theory or philosophy of taste; the science of the beautiful in nature and art; esp. that which treats of the expression and embodiment of beauty by art.-same as aesthete, aesthetic, aesthetical, aesthetics, etc.
estimable: capable of being estimated or valued; as, estimable damage.-valuable; worth a great price.-worth of esteem or respect; deserving our good opinion or regard.-a thing worthy of regard.
estimate: to judge and form an opinion of the value of, from imperfect data, -- either the extrinsic (money), or intrinsic (moral), value; to fix the worth of roughly or in a general way; as, to estimate the value of goods or land; to estimate the worth or talents of a person.-to from an opinion of, as to amount,, number, etc., from imperfect data, comparison, or experience; to make an estimate of; to calculate roughly; to rate; as, to estimate the cost of a trip, the number of feet in a piece of land.-a valuing or rating by the mind, without actually measuring, weighing, or the like; rough or approximate calculation; as, an estimate of the cost of a building, or of the quantity of water in a pond.
estimation: the act of estimating.-an opinion or judgment of the worth, extent, or quantity of anything, formed without using precise data; valuation; as, estimations of distance, magnitude, amount, or moral qualities.-favorable opinion; esteem; regard; honor.-supposition; conjecture.
estimative: inclined, or able, to estimate; serving for, or capable of being used in, estimating.-pertaining to an estimate.
estoile: a six-pointed star whose rays are wavy, instead of straight like those of a mullet.
estoppel: a stop; an obstruction or bar to one's alleging or denying a fact contrary to his own previous action, allegation, or denial; an admission, by words or conduct, which induces another to purchase rights, against which the party making such admission can not take a position inconsistent with the admission.-the agency by which the law excludes evidence to dispute certain admissions, which the policy of the law treats as indisputable.
estovers: necessaries or supples; an allowance to a person out of an estate or other thing for support; as of wood to a tenant for life, etc., of sustenance to a man confined for felony of his estate, or alimony to a woman divorced out of her husband's estate.
estrade: a portion of the floor of a room raised above the general level, as a place for a bed or a throne; a platform; a dais.
estramacon: a straight, heavy sword with two edges, used in the 16th and 17th centuries.-a blow with edge of a sword.
estrange: to withdraw; to withhold; hence, reflexively, to keep at a distance; to cease to be familiar and friendly with.-to divert from its original use or purpose, or from its former possessor; to alienate.-to alienate the affections or confidence of; to turn from attachment to enmity or indifference.
estrangement: the act of estranging, or the state of being estranged; alienation.
estrapade: the action of a horse, when, to get rid of his rider, he rears, plunges, and kicks furiously.
estray: to stray.-any valuable animal, not wild, found wandering from its owner; a stray.
estreat: a true copy, duplicate, or extract of an original writing or record, esp. of amercements or penalties set down in the rolls of court to be levied by the bailiff, or other officer.-to extract or take out from the records of a court, and send up to the court of exchequer to be enforced; -- said of a forfeited recognizance.-to bring in to the exchequer, as a fine.
estrepe: to strip or lay bare, as land of wood, houses, etc.; to commit waste.
estrepement: a destructive kind of waste, committed by a tenant for life, in lands, woods, or houses.
estuary: a place where water boils up; a spring that wells forth.-a passage, as the mouth of a river or lake, where the tide meets the current; an arm of the sea; a frith.-belonging to, or formed in, an estuary; as, estuary strata.
estuation: the act of estuating; commotion, as of a fluid; agitation.
esurient: inclined to eat; hungry; voracious.-one who is hungry or greedy.
esurine: causing hunger; eating; corroding.-a medicine which provokes appetites, or causes hunger.
et caetera: others of the like kind; and the rest; and so on; -- used to point out that other things which could be mentioned are to be understood. usually abbreviated into etc. or &c. (&c).
etacism: the pronunciation of the greek / (eta) like the italian e long, that is like a in the english word ate. see itacism.
etagere: a piece of furniture having a number of uninclosed shelves or stages, one above another, for receiving articles of elegance or use.
etat major: the staff of an army, including all officers above the rank of colonel, also, all adjutants, inspectors, quartermasters, commissaries, engineers, ordnance officers, paymasters, physicians, signal officers, judge advocates; also, the noncommissioned assistants of the above officers.
etch: a variant of eddish.-to produce, as figures or designs, on mental, glass, or the like, by means of lines or strokes eaten in or corroded by means of some strong acid.-to subject to etching; to draw upon and bite with acid, as a plate of metal.-to sketch; to delineate.-to practice etching; to make etchings.
etching: of etch-the act, art, or practice of engraving by means of acid which eats away lines or surfaces left unprotected in metal, glass, or the like. see etch, v. t.-a design carried out by means of the above process; a pattern on metal, glass, etc., produced by etching.-an impression on paper, parchment, or other material, taken in ink from an etched plate.
eternal: without beginning or end of existence; always existing.-without end of existence or duration; everlasting; endless; immortal.-continued without intermission; perpetual; ceaseless; constant.-existing at all times without change; immutable.-exceedingly great or bad; -- used as a strong intensive.-one of the appellations of god.-that which is endless and immortal.
eternity: infinite duration, without beginning in the past or end in the future; also, duration without end in the future; endless time.-condition which begins at death; immortality.
eternize: to make eternal or endless.-to make forever famous; to immortalize; as, to eternize one's self, a name, exploits.
etesian: periodical; annual; -- applied to winds which annually blow from the north over the mediterranean, esp. the eastern part, for an irregular period during july and august.
ethal: a white waxy solid, c16h33.oh; -- called also cetylic alcohol. see cetylic alcohol, under cetylic.
ethane: a gaseous hydrocarbon, c2h6, forming a constituent of ordinary illuminating gas. it is the second member of the paraffin series, and its most important derivatives are common alcohol, aldehyde, ether, and acetic acid. called also dimethyl.
ethenic: pertaining to, derived from. or resembling, ethene or ethylene; as, ethenic ether.
ethenyl: a trivalent hydrocarbon radical, ch3.c.-a univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene series, ch2:ch; -- called also vinyl. see vinyl.
etheostomoid: pertaining to, or like, the genus etheostoma.-any fish of the genus etheostoma and related genera, allied to the perches; -- also called darter. the etheostomoids are small and often bright-colored fishes inhabiting the fresh waters of north america. about seventy species are known. see darter.
ether: a medium of great elasticity and extreme tenuity, supposed to pervade all space, the interior of solid bodies not excepted, and to be the medium of transmission of light and heat; hence often called luminiferous ether.-supposed matter above the air; the air itself.-a light, volatile, mobile, inflammable liquid, (c2h5)2o, of a characteristic aromatic odor, obtained by the distillation of alcohol with sulphuric acid, and hence called also sulphuric ether. it is powerful solvent of fats, resins, and pyroxylin, but finds its chief use as an anaesthetic. called also ethyl oxide.-any similar oxide of hydrocarbon radicals; as, amyl ether; valeric ether.
ethereal: pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air, or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the atmosphere; celestial; as, ethereal space; ethereal regions.-consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy, as form, manner, thought, etc.-pertaining to, derived from, or resembling, ether; as, ethereal salts.
etherealize: to convert into ether, or into subtile fluid; to saturate with ether.-to render ethereal or spiritlike.
ethereous: formed of ether; ethereal.-pertaining to, or resembling, ether.
etherification: the act or process of making ether; specifically, the process by which a large quantity of alcohol is transformed into ether by the agency of a small amount of sulphuric, or ethyl sulphuric, acid.
etherin: a white, crystalline hydrocarbon, regarded as a polymeric variety of ethylene, obtained in heavy oil of wine, the residue left after making ether; -- formerly called also concrete oil of wine.
etherization: the administration of ether to produce insensibility.-the state of the system under the influence of ether.
etherize: to convert into ether.-to render insensible by means of ether, as by inhalation; as, to etherize a patient.
etherol: an oily hydrocarbon regarded as a polymeric variety of ethylene, produced with etherin.
ethical: of, or belonging to, morals; treating of the moral feelings or duties; containing percepts of morality; moral; as, ethic discourses or epistles; an ethical system; ethical philosophy.
ethics: the science of human duty; the body of rules of duty drawn from this science; a particular system of principles and rules concerting duty, whether true or false; rules of practice in respect to a single class of human actions; as, political or social ethics; medical ethics.
ethide: any compound of ethyl of a binary type; as, potassium ethide.
ethiopian: a native or inhabitant of ethiopia; also, in a general sense, a negro or black man.-alt. of ethiopic
ethiopic: of or relating to ethiopia or the ethiopians.-the language of ancient ethiopia; the language of the ancient abyssinian empire (in ethiopia), now used only in the abyssinian church. it is of semitic origin, and is also called geez.
ethiops: a black substance; -- formerly applied to various preparations of a black or very dark color.
ethmoidal: like a sieve; cribriform.-pertaining to, or in the region of, the ethmoid bone.
ethmovomerine: pertaining to the region of the vomer and the base of the ethmoid in the skull.
ethnical: belonging to races or nations; based on distinctions of race; ethnological.-pertaining to the gentiles, or nations not converted to christianity; heathen; pagan; -- opposed to jewish and christian.
ethnography: that branch of knowledge which has for its subject the characteristics of the human family, developing the details with which ethnology as a comparative science deals; descriptive ethnology. see ethnology.
ethnologically: in an ethnological manner; by ethnological classification; as, one belonging ethnologically to an african race.
ethnology: the science which treats of the division of mankind into races, their origin, distribution, and relations, and the peculiarities which characterize them.
ethological: treating of, or pertaining to, ethnic or morality, or the science of character.
ethology: a treatise on morality; ethics.-the science of the formation of character, national and collective as well as individual.
ethyl: a monatomic, hydrocarbon radical, c2h5 of the paraffin series, forming the essential radical of ethane, and of common alcohol and ether.
ethylamine: a colorless, mobile, inflammable liquid, c2h5.nh2, very volatile and with an ammoniacal odor. it is a strong base, and is a derivative of ammonia. called also ethyl carbamine, and amido ethane.
ethylate: a compound derived from ethyl alcohol by the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen, after the manner of a hydrate; an ethyl alcoholate; as, potassium ethylate, c2h5.o.k.
ethylene: a colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon, c2h4, forming an important ingredient of illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated sulphuric acid in alcohol. it is an unsaturated compound and combines directly with chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids (dutch liquid), -- hence called olefiant gas. called also ethene, elayl, and formerly, bicarbureted hydrogen.
ethylic: pertaining to, derived from, or containing, ethyl; as, ethylic alcohol.
ethylidene: an unsymmetrical, divalent, hydrocarbon radical, c2h4 metameric with ethylene but written thus, ch3.ch to distinguish it from the symmetrical ethylene, ch2.ch2. its compounds are derived from aldehyde. formerly called also ethidene.
ethylsulphuric: pertaining to, or containing, ethyl and sulphuric acid.
etiolate: to become white or whiter; to be whitened or blanched by excluding the light of the sun, as, plants.-to become pale through disease or absence of light.-to blanch; to bleach; to whiten by depriving of the sun's rays.-to cause to grow pale by disease or absence of light.-alt. of etiolated
etiolated: of etiolate-having a blanched or faded appearance, as birds inhabiting desert regions.
etiolation: the operation of blanching plants, by excluding the light of the sun; the condition of a blanched plant.-paleness produced by absence of light, or by disease.
etiquette: the forms required by good breeding, or prescribed by authority, to be observed in social or official life; observance of the proprieties of rank and occasion; conventional decorum; ceremonial code of polite society.
etna: a kind of small, portable, cooking apparatus for which heat is furnished by a spirit lamp.
etoolin: a yellowish coloring matter found in plants grown in darkness, which is supposed to be an antecedent condition of chlorophyll.
etrurian: of or relating to ancient etruria, in italy.-a native or inhabitant of ancient etruria.
etruscan: of or relating to etruria.-a native or inhabitant of etruria.
etter pike: the stingfish, or lesser weever (tranchinus vipera).
etude: a composition in the fine arts which is intended, or may serve, for a study.-a study; an exercise; a piece for practice of some special point of technical execution.
etui: a case for one or several small articles; esp., a box in which scissors, tweezers, and other articles of toilet or of daily use are carried.
etymologize: to give the etymology of; to trace to the root or primitive, as a word.-to search into the origin of words; to deduce words from their simple roots.
etymology: that branch of philological science which treats of the history of words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and changes of form and meaning.-that part of grammar which relates to the changes in the form of the words in a language; inflection.
eu: a prefix used frequently in composition, signifying well, good, advantageous; -- the opposite of dys-.
eucairite: a metallic mineral, a selenide of copper and silver; -- so called by berzelius on account of its being found soon after the discovery of the metal selenium.
eucalyn: an unfermentable sugar, obtained as an uncrystallizable sirup by the decomposition of melitose; also obtained from a tasmanian eucalyptus, -- whence its name.
eucalyptol: a volatile, terpenelike oil extracted from the eucalyptus, and consisting largely of cymene.
eucalyptus: a myrtaceous genus of trees, mostly australian. many of them grow to an immense height, one or two species exceeding the height even of the california sequoia.
eucharis: a genus of south american amaryllidaceous plants with large and beautiful white blossoms.
eucharist: the act of giving thanks; thanksgiving.-the sacrament of the lord's supper; the solemn act of ceremony of commemorating the death of christ, in the use of bread and wine, as the appointed emblems; the communion.
eucharistical: giving thanks; expressing thankfulness; rejoicing.-pertaining to the lord's supper.
euchloric: relating to, or consisting of, euchlorine; as, euchloric /.
euchlorine: a yellow or greenish yellow gas, first prepared by davy, evolved from potassium chlorate and hydrochloric acid. it is supposed to consist of chlorine tetroxide with some free chlorine.
euchology: a formulary of prayers; the book of offices in the greek church, containing the liturgy, sacraments, and forms of prayers.
euchre: a game at cards, that may be played by two, three, or four persons, the highest card (except when an extra card called the joker is used) being the knave of the same suit as the trump, and called right bower, the lowest card used being the seven, or frequently, in two-handed euchre, the nine spot. see bower.-to defeat, in a game of euchre, the side that named the trump.-to defeat or foil thoroughly in any scheme.
euchroite: a mineral occurring in transparent emerald green crystals. it is hydrous arseniate of copper.
euclase: a brittle gem occurring in light green, transparent crystals, affording a brilliant clinodiagonal cleavage. it is a silicate of alumina and glucina.
euclid: a greek geometer of the 3d century b. c.; also, his treatise on geometry, and hence, the principles of geometry, in general.
eudaemonics: that part of moral philosophy which treats of happiness; the science of happiness; -- contrasted with aretaics.
eudaemonism: that system of ethics which defines and enforces moral obligation by its relation to happiness or personal well-being.
eudialyte: a mineral of a brownish red color and vitreous luster, consisting chiefly of the silicates of iron, zirconia, and lime.
eudiometer: an instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- so named because frequently used to determine the purity of the air.
eudiometrical: of or pertaining to a eudiometer; as, eudiometrical experiments or results.
eudiometry: the art or process of determining the constituents of a gaseous mixture by means of the eudiometer, or for ascertaining the purity of the air or the amount of oxygen in it.
eudipleura: the fundamental forms of organic life, that are composed of two equal and symmetrical halves.
eudoxian: a follower of eudoxius, patriarch of antioch and constantinople in the 4th century, and a celebrated defender of the doctrines of arius.
euganoidei: a group which includes the bony ganoids, as the gar pikes.
eugenia: a genus of myrtaceous plants, mostly of tropical countries, and including several aromatic trees and shrubs, among which are the trees which produce allspice and cloves of commerce.
eugenic: pertaining to, or derived from, cloves; as, eugenic acid.-well-born; of high birth.
eugenin: a colorless, crystalline substance extracted from oil of cloves; -- called also clove camphor.
eugenol: a colorless, aromatic, liquid hydrocarbon, c10h12o2 resembling the phenols, and hence also called eugenic acid. it is found in the oils of pimento and cloves.
eugetinic: pertaining to, or derived from, eugenol; as, eugetic acid.
eugubine: of or pertaining to the ancient town of eugubium (now gubbio); as, the eugubine tablets, or tables, or inscriptions.
euhemerism: the theory, held by euhemerus, that the gods of mythology were but deified mortals, and their deeds only the amplification in imagination of human acts.
eulachon: the candlefish. [written also oulachan, oolacan, and ulikon.] see candlefish.
eulogist: one who eulogizes or praises; panegyrist; encomiast.
eulogistical: of or pertaining to eulogy; characterized by eulogy; bestowing praise; panegyrical; commendatory; laudatory; as, eulogistic speech or discourse.
eulogize: to speak or write in commendation of (another); to extol in speech or writing; to praise.
eulogy: a speech or writing in commendation of the character or services of a person; as, a fitting eulogy to worth.