AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
arrowhead: the head of an arrow.-an aquatic plant of the genus sagittaria, esp. s. sagittifolia, -- named from the shape of the leaves.
arrowroot: a west indian plant of the genus maranta, esp. m. arundinacea, now cultivated in many hot countries. it said that the indians used the roots to neutralize the venom in wounds made by poisoned arrows.-a nutritive starch obtained from the rootstocks of maranta arundinacea, and used as food, esp. for children an invalids; also, a similar starch obtained from other plants, as various species of maranta and curcuma.
arrowwood: a shrub (viburnum dentatum) growing in damp woods and thickets; -- so called from the long, straight, slender shoots.
arrowworm: a peculiar transparent worm of the genus sagitta, living at the surface of the sea. see sagitta.
arrowy: consisting of arrows.-formed or moving like, or in any respect resembling, an arrow; swift; darting; piercing.
arroyo: a water course; a rivulet.-the dry bed of a small stream.
arse: the buttocks, or hind part of an animal; the posteriors; the fundament; the bottom.
arsenal: a public establishment for the storage, or for the manufacture and storage, of arms and all military equipments, whether for land or naval service.
arsenic: one of the elements, a solid substance resembling a metal in its physical properties, but in its chemical relations ranking with the nonmetals. it is of a steel-gray color and brilliant luster, though usually dull from tarnish. it is very brittle, and sublimes at 356¡ fahrenheit. it is sometimes found native, but usually combined with silver, cobalt, nickel, iron, antimony, or sulphur. orpiment and realgar are two of its sulphur compounds, the first of which is the true arsenicum of the ancients. the element and its compounds are active poisons. specific gravity from 5.7 to 5.9. atomic weight 75. symbol as.-arsenious oxide or arsenious anhydride; -- called also arsenious acid, white arsenic, and ratsbane.-pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic; -- said of those compounds of arsenic in which this element has its highest equivalence; as, arsenic acid.
arsenical: of or pertaining to, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenical vapor; arsenical wall papers.
arsenide: a compound of arsenic with a metal, or positive element or radical; -- formerly called arseniuret.
arsenious: pertaining to, consisting of, or containing, arsenic; as, arsenious powder or glass.-pertaining to, or derived from, arsenic, when having an equivalence next lower than the highest; as, arsenious acid.
arseniureted: combined with arsenic; -- said some elementary substances or radicals; as, arseniureted hydrogen.
arsenopyrite: a mineral of a tin-white color and metallic luster, containing arsenic, sulphur, and iron; -- also called arsenical pyrites and mispickel.
arshine: a russian measure of length = 2 ft. 4.246 inches.
arsine: a compound of arsenic and hydrogen, ash3, a colorless and exceedingly poisonous gas, having an odor like garlic; arseniureted hydrogen.
arsis: that part of a foot where the ictus is put, or which is distinguished from the rest (known as the thesis) of the foot by a greater stress of voice.-that elevation of voice now called metrical accentuation, or the rhythmic accent.-the elevation of the hand, or that part of the bar at which it is raised, in beating time; the weak or unaccented part of the bar; -- opposed to thesis.
arson: the malicious burning of a dwelling house or outhouse of another man, which by the common law is felony; the malicious and voluntary firing of a building or ship.
art: the second person singular, indicative mode, present tense, of the substantive verb be; but formed after the analogy of the plural are, with the ending -t, as in thou shalt, wilt, orig. an ending of the second person sing. pret. cf. be. now used only in solemn or poetical style.-the employment of means to accomplish some desired end; the adaptation of things in the natural world to the uses of life; the application of knowledge or power to practical purposes.-a system of rules serving to facilitate the performance of certain actions; a system of principles and rules for attaining a desired end; method of doing well some special work; -- often contradistinguished from science or speculative principles; as, the art of building or engraving; the art of war; the art of navigation.-the systematic application of knowledge or skill in effecting a desired result. also, an occupation or business requiring such knowledge or skill.-the application of skill to the production of the beautiful by imitation or design, or an occupation in which skill is so employed, as in painting and sculpture; one of the fine arts; as, he prefers art to literature.-those branches of learning which are taught in the academical course of colleges; as, master of arts.-learning; study; applied knowledge, science, or letters.-skill, dexterity, or the power of performing certain actions, acquired by experience, study, or observation; knack; as, a man has the art of managing his business to advantage.-skillful plan; device.-cunning; artifice; craft.-the black art; magic.
art union: an association for promoting art (esp. the arts of design), and giving encouragement to artists.
artemia: a genus of phyllopod crustacea found in salt lakes and brines; the brine shrimp. see brine shrimp.
artemisia: a genus of plants including the plants called mugwort, southernwood, and wormwood. of these a. absinthium, or common wormwood, is well known, and a. tridentata is the sage brush of the rocky mountain region.
arterial: of or pertaining to an artery, or the arteries; as, arterial action; the arterial system.-of or pertaining to a main channel (resembling an artery), as a river, canal, or railroad.
arterialization: the process of converting venous blood into arterial blood during its passage through the lungs, oxygen being absorbed and carbonic acid evolved; -- called also aeration and hematosis.
arterialize: to transform, as the venous blood, into arterial blood by exposure to oxygen in the lungs; to make arterial.
arteriotomy: the opening of an artery, esp. for bloodletting.-that part of anatomy which treats of the dissection of the arteries.
artery: the trachea or windpipe.-one of the vessels or tubes which carry either venous or arterial blood from the heart. they have tricker and more muscular walls than veins, and are connected with them by capillaries.-hence: any continuous or ramified channel of communication; as, arteries of trade or commerce.
artesian: of or pertaining to artois (anciently called artesium), in france.
artful: performed with, or characterized by, art or skill.-artificial; imitative.-using or exhibiting much art, skill, or contrivance; dexterous; skillful.-cunning; disposed to cunning indirectness of dealing; crafty; as, an artful boy. [the usual sense.]
artfully: in an artful manner; with art or cunning; skillfully; dexterously; craftily.
arthritical: pertaining to the joints.-of or pertaining to arthritis; gouty.
arthrodia: a form of diarthrodial articulation in which the articular surfaces are nearly flat, so that they form only an imperfect ball and socket.
arthrodynia: an affection characterized by pain in or about a joint, not dependent upon structural disease.
arthrodynic: pertaining to arthrodynia, or pain in the joints; rheumatic.
arthrogastra: a division of the arachnida, having the abdomen annulated, including the scorpions, harvestmen, etc.; pedipalpi.
arthropoda: a large division of articulata, embracing all those that have jointed legs. it includes insects, arachnida, pychnogonida, and crustacea.
arthropomata: one of the orders of branchiopoda. see branchiopoda.
arthrostraca: one of the larger divisions of crustacea, so called because the thorax and abdomen are both segmented; tetradecapoda. it includes the amphipoda and isopoda.
artiad: even; not odd; -- said of elementary substances and of radicals the valence of which is divisible by two without a remainder.
artichoke: the cynara scolymus, a plant somewhat resembling a thistle, with a dilated, imbricated, and prickly involucre. the head (to which the name is also applied) is composed of numerous oval scales, inclosing the florets, sitting on a broad receptacle, which, with the fleshy base of the scales, is much esteemed as an article of food.-see jerusalem artichoke.
article: a distinct portion of an instrument, discourse, literary work, or any other writing, consisting of two or more particulars, or treating of various topics; as, an article in the constitution. hence: a clause in a contract, system of regulations, treaty, or the like; a term, condition, or stipulation in a contract; a concise statement; as, articles of agreement.-a literary composition, forming an independent portion of a magazine, newspaper, or cyclopedia.-subject; matter; concern; distinct.-a distinct part.-a particular one of various things; as, an article of merchandise; salt is a necessary article.-precise point of time; moment.-one of the three words, a, an, the, used before nouns to limit or define their application. a (or an) is called the indefinite article, the the definite article.-one of the segments of an articulated appendage.-to formulate in articles; to set forth in distinct particulars.-to accuse or charge by an exhibition of articles.-to bind by articles of covenant or stipulation; as, to article an apprentice to a mechanic.-to agree by articles; to stipulate; to bargain; to covenant.
articular: of or pertaining to the joints; as, an articular disease; an articular process.-alt. of articulary
articulary: a bone in the base of the lower jaw of many birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes.
articulata: one of the four subkingdoms in the classification of cuvier. it has been much modified by later writers.-one of the subdivisions of the brachiopoda, including those that have the shells united by a hinge.-a subdivision of the crinoidea.
articulate: expressed in articles or in separate items or particulars.-jointed; formed with joints; consisting of segments united by joints; as, articulate animals or plants.-distinctly uttered; spoken so as to be intelligible; characterized by division into words and syllables; as, articulate speech, sounds, words.-an animal of the subkingdom articulata.-to utter articulate sounds; to utter the elementary sounds of a language; to enunciate; to speak distinctly.-to treat or make terms.-to join or be connected by articulation.-to joint; to unite by means of a joint; to put together with joints or at the joints.-to draw up or write in separate articles; to particularize; to specify.-to form, as the elementary sounds; to utter in distinct syllables or words; to enunciate; as, to articulate letters or language.-to express distinctly; to give utterance to.
articulated: of articulate-united by, or provided with, articulations; jointed; as, an articulated skeleton.-produced, as a letter, syllable, or word, by the organs of speech; pronounced.
articulately: after the manner, or in the form, of a joint.-article by article; in distinct particulars; in detail; definitely.-with distinct utterance of the separate sounds.
articulation: a joint or juncture between bones in the skeleton.-the connection of the parts of a plant by joints, as in pods.-one of the nodes or joints, as in cane and maize.-one of the parts intercepted between the joints; also, a subdivision into parts at regular or irregular intervals as a result of serial intermission in growth, as in the cane, grasses, etc.-the act of putting together with a joint or joints; any meeting of parts in a joint.-the state of being jointed; connection of parts.-the utterance of the elementary sounds of a language by the appropriate movements of the organs, as in pronunciation; as, a distinct articulation.-a sound made by the vocal organs; an articulate utterance or an elementary sound, esp. a consonant.
articulator: one who, or that which, articulates; as: (a) one who enunciates distinctly. (b) one who prepares and mounts skeletons. (c) an instrument to cure stammering.
articulus: a joint of the cirri of the crinoidea; a joint or segment of an arthropod appendage.
artifice: a handicraft; a trade; art of making.-workmanship; a skillfully contrived work.-artful or skillful contrivance.-crafty device; an artful, ingenious, or elaborate trick. [now the usual meaning.]
artificer: an artistic worker; a mechanic or manufacturer; one whose occupation requires skill or knowledge of a particular kind, as a silversmith.-one who makes or contrives; a deviser, inventor, or framer.-a cunning or artful fellow.-a military mechanic, as a blacksmith, carpenter, etc.; also, one who prepares the shells, fuses, grenades, etc., in a military laboratory.
artificial: made or contrived by art; produced or modified by human skill and labor, in opposition to natural; as, artificial heat or light, gems, salts, minerals, fountains, flowers.-feigned; fictitious; assumed; affected; not genuine.-artful; cunning; crafty.-cultivated; not indigenous; not of spontaneous growth; as, artificial grasses.
artificially: in an artificial manner; by art, or skill and contrivance, not by nature.-ingeniously; skillfully.-craftily; artfully.
artillerist: a person skilled in artillery or gunnery; a gunner; an artilleryman.
artillery: munitions of war; implements for warfare, as slings, bows, and arrows.-cannon; great guns; ordnance, including guns, mortars, howitzers, etc., with their equipment of carriages, balls, bombs, and shot of all kinds.-the men and officers of that branch of the army to which the care and management of artillery are confided.-the science of artillery or gunnery.
artilleryman: a man who manages, or assists in managing, a large gun in firing.
artiodactyla: one of the divisions of the ungulate animals. the functional toes of the hind foot are even in number, and the third digit of each foot (corresponding to the middle finger in man) is asymmetrical and paired with the fourth digit, as in the hog, the sheep, and the ox; -- opposed to perissodactyla.
artisan: one who professes and practices some liberal art; an artist.-one trained to manual dexterity in some mechanic art or trade; and handicraftsman; a mechanic.
artist: one who practices some mechanic art or craft; an artisan.-one who professes and practices an art in which science and taste preside over the manual execution.-one who shows trained skill or rare taste in any manual art or occupation.-an artful person; a schemer.
artiste: one peculiarly dexterous and tasteful in almost any employment, as an opera dancer, a hairdresser, a cook.
artistical: of or pertaining to art or to artists; made in the manner of an artist; conformable to art; characterized by art; showing taste or skill.
artless: wanting art, knowledge, or skill; ignorant; unskillful.-contrived without skill or art; inartistic.-free from guile, art, craft, or stratagem; characterized by simplicity and sincerity; sincere; guileless; ingenuous; honest; as, an artless mind; an artless tale.
artlessly: in an artless manner; without art, skill, or guile; unaffectedly.
artlessness: the quality of being artless, or void of art or guile; simplicity; sincerity.
artocarpous: of or pertaining to the breadfruit, or to the genus artocarpus.
artotyrite: one of a sect in the primitive church, who celebrated the lord's supper with bread and cheese, alleging that the first oblations of men not only of the fruit of the earth, but of their flocks. [gen. iv. 3, 4.]
arum: a genus of plants found in central europe and about the mediterranean, having flowers on a spadix inclosed in a spathe. the cuckoopint of the english is an example.
arundelian: pertaining to an earl of arundel; as, arundel or arundelian marbles, marbles from ancient greece, bought by the earl of arundel in 1624.
arundinaceous: of or pertaining to a reed; resembling the reed or cane.
aruspex: one of the class of diviners among the etruscans and romans, who foretold events by the inspection of the entrails of victims offered on the altars of the gods.
arvicole: a mouse of the genus arvicola; the meadow mouse. there are many species.
aryan: one of a primitive people supposed to have lived in prehistoric times, in central asia, east of the caspian sea, and north of the hindoo koosh and paropamisan mountains, and to have been the stock from which sprang the hindoo, persian, greek, latin, celtic, teutonic, slavonic, and other races; one of that ethnological division of mankind called also indo-european or indo-germanic.-the language of the original aryans.-of or pertaining to the people called aryans; indo-european; indo-germanic; as, the aryan stock, the aryan languages.
arytenoid: ladle-shaped; -- applied to two small cartilages of the larynx, and also to the glands, muscles, etc., connected with them. the cartilages are attached to the cricoid cartilage and connected with the vocal cords.
as: denoting equality or likeness in kind, degree, or manner; like; similar to; in the same manner with or in which; in accordance with; in proportion to; to the extent or degree in which or to which; equally; no less than; as, ye shall be as gods, knowing good and evil; you will reap as you sow; do as you are bidden.-in the idea, character, or condition of, -- limiting the view to certain attributes or relations; as, virtue considered as virtue; this actor will appear as hamlet.-while; during or at the same time that; when; as, he trembled as he spoke.-because; since; it being the case that.-expressing concession. (often approaching though in meaning).-that, introducing or expressing a result or consequence, after the correlatives so and such.-as if; as though.-for instance; by way of example; thus; -- used to introduce illustrative phrases, sentences, or citations.-than.-expressing a wish.-an ace.-a roman weight, answering to the libra or pound, equal to nearly eleven ounces troy weight. it was divided into twelve ounces.-a roman copper coin, originally of a pound weight (12 oz.); but reduced, after the first punic war, to two ounces; in the second punic war, to one ounce; and afterwards to half an ounce.
asafoetida: the fetid gum resin or inspissated juice of a large umbelliferous plant (ferula asafoetida) of persia and the east indies. it is used in medicine as an antispasmodic.
asaphus: a genus of trilobites found in the lower silurian formation. see illust. in append.
asarabacca: an acrid herbaceous plant (asarum europaeum), the leaves and roots of which are emetic and cathartic. it is principally used in cephalic snuffs.
asarone: a crystallized substance, resembling camphor, obtained from the asarum europaeum; -- called also camphor of asarum.
asbestic: of, pertaining to, or resembling asbestus; inconsumable; asbestine.
asbestine: of or pertaining to asbestus, or partaking of its nature; incombustible; asbestic.
asbestos: a variety of amphibole or of pyroxene, occurring in long and delicate fibers, or in fibrous masses or seams, usually of a white, gray, or green-gray color. the name is also given to a similar variety of serpentine.
ascarid: a parasitic nematoid worm, espec. the roundworm, ascaris lumbricoides, often occurring in the human intestine, and allied species found in domestic animals; also commonly applied to the pinworm (oxyuris), often troublesome to children and aged persons.
ascend: to move upward; to mount; to go up; to rise; -- opposed to descend.-to rise, in a figurative sense; to proceed from an inferior to a superior degree, from mean to noble objects, from particulars to generals, from modern to ancient times, from one note to another more acute, etc.; as, our inquiries ascend to the remotest antiquity; to ascend to our first progenitor.-to go or move upward upon or along; to climb; to mount; to go up the top of; as, to ascend a hill, a ladder, a tree, a river, a throne.
ascendant: ascent; height; elevation.-the horoscope, or that degree of the ecliptic which rises above the horizon at the moment of one's birth; supposed to have a commanding influence on a person's life and fortune.-superiority, or commanding influence; ascendency; as, one man has the ascendant over another.-an ancestor, or one who precedes in genealogy or degrees of kindred; a relative in the ascending line; a progenitor; -- opposed to descendant.-alt. of ascendent
ascendent: rising toward the zenith; above the horizon.-rising; ascending.-superior; surpassing; ruling.
ascension: the act of ascending; a rising; ascent.-specifically: the visible ascent of our savior on the fortieth day after his resurrection. (acts i. 9.) also, ascension day.-an ascending or arising, as in distillation; also that which arises, as from distillation.
ascensional: relating to ascension; connected with ascent; ascensive; tending upward; as, the ascensional power of a balloon.
ascensive: rising; tending to rise, or causing to rise.-augmentative; intensive.
ascent: the act of rising; motion upward; rise; a mounting upward; as, he made a tedious ascent; the ascent of vapors from the earth.-the way or means by which one ascends.-an eminence, hill, or high place.-the degree of elevation of an object, or the angle it makes with a horizontal line; inclination; rising grade; as, a road has an ascent of five degrees.
ascertain: to render (a person) certain; to cause to feel certain; to make confident; to assure; to apprise.-to make (a thing) certain to the mind; to free from obscurity, doubt, or change; to make sure of; to fix; to determine.-to find out or learn for a certainty, by trial, examination, or experiment; to get to know; as, to ascertain the weight of a commodity, or the purity of a metal.
ascertainment: the act of ascertaining; a reducing to certainty; a finding out by investigation; discovery.
ascetic: extremely rigid in self-denial and devotions; austere; severe.-in the early church, one who devoted himself to a solitary and contemplative life, characterized by devotion, extreme self-denial, and self-mortification; a hermit; a recluse; hence, one who practices extreme rigor and self-denial in religious things.
ascham: a sort of cupboard, or case, to contain bows and other implements of archery.
ascians: persons who, at certain times of the year, have no shadow at noon; -- applied to the inhabitants of the torrid zone, who have, twice a year, a vertical sun.
ascidian: one of the ascidioidea, or in a more general sense, one of the tunicata. also as an adj.
ascidiarium: the structure which unites together the ascidiozooids in a compound ascidian.
ascidioidea: a group of tunicata, often shaped like a two-necked bottle. the group includes, social, and compound species. the gill is a netlike structure within the oral aperture. the integument is usually leathery in texture. see illustration in appendix.
ascidiozooid: one of the individual members of a compound ascidian. see ascidioidea.
ascidium: a pitcher-shaped, or flask-shaped, organ or appendage of a plant, as the leaves of the pitcher plant, or the little bladderlike traps of the bladderwort (utricularia).-a genus of simple ascidians, which formerly included most of the known species. it is sometimes used as a name for the ascidioidea, or for all the tunicata.
ascites: a collection of serous fluid in the cavity of the abdomen; dropsy of the peritoneum.
ascitical: of, pertaining to, or affected by, ascites; dropsical.
ascititious: supplemental; not inherent or original; adscititious; additional; assumed.
asclepiad: a choriambic verse, first used by the greek poet asclepias, consisting of four feet, viz., a spondee, two choriambi, and an iambus.
asclepiadaceous: of, pertaining to, or resembling, plants of the milkweed family.
asclepias: a genus of plants including the milkweed, swallowwort, and some other species having medicinal properties.
ascococcus: a form of micrococcus, found in putrid meat infusions, occurring in peculiar masses, each of which is inclosed in a hyaline capsule and contains a large number of spherical micrococci.
ascospore: one of the spores contained in the asci of lichens and fungi. [see illust. of ascus.]
ascribe: to attribute, impute, or refer, as to a cause; as, his death was ascribed to a poison; to ascribe an effect to the right cause; to ascribe such a book to such an author.-to attribute, as a quality, or an appurtenance; to consider or allege to belong.