AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
arabinose: a sugar of the composition c5h10o5, obtained from cherry gum by boiling it with dilute sulphuric acid.
arabist: one well versed in the arabic language or literature; also, formerly, one who followed the arabic system of surgery.
arable: fit for plowing or tillage; -- hence, often applied to land which has been plowed or tilled.-arable land; plow land.
aracanese: of or pertaining to aracan, a province of british burmah.-a native or natives of aracan.
aracari: a south american bird, of the genus pleroglossius, allied to the toucans. there are several species.
araceous: of or pertaining to an order of plants, of which the genus arum is the type.
arachnidial: of or pertaining to the arachnida.-pertaining to the arachnidium.
arachnidium: the glandular organ in which the material for the web of spiders is secreted.
arachnoid: resembling a spider's web; cobweblike.-pertaining to a thin membrane of the brain and spinal cord, between the dura mater and pia mater.-covered with, or composed of, soft, loose hairs or fibers, so as to resemble a cobweb; cobwebby.-the arachnoid membrane.-one of the arachnoidea.
arachnology: the department of zoology which treats of spiders and other arachnida.
aragonese: of or pertaining to aragon, in spain, or to its inhabitants.-a native or natives of aragon, in spain.
aragonite: a mineral identical in composition with calcite or carbonate of lime, but differing from it in its crystalline form and some of its physical characters.
araguato: a south american monkey, the ursine howler (mycetes ursinus). see howler, n., 2.
aramaic: pertaining to aram, or to the territory, inhabitants, language, or literature of syria and mesopotamia; aramaean; -- specifically applied to the northern branch of the semitic family of languages, including syriac and chaldee.-the aramaic language.
aramean: of or pertaining to the syrians and chaldeans, or to their language; aramaic.-a native of aram.
araneidan: of or pertaining to the araneina or spiders.-one of the araneina; a spider.
araneous: cobweblike; extremely thin and delicate, like a cobweb; as, the araneous membrane of the eye. see arachnoid.
arango: a bead of rough carnelian. arangoes were formerly imported from bombay for use in the african slave trade.
arara: the palm (or great black) cockatoo, of australia (microglossus aterrimus).
araucaria: a genus of tall conifers of the pine family. the species are confined mostly to south america and australia. the wood cells differ from those of other in having the dots in their lateral surfaces in two or three rows, and the dots of contiguous rows alternating. the seeds are edible.
araucarian: relating to, or of the nature of, the araucaria. the earliest conifers in geological history were mostly araucarian.
arbalist: a crossbow, consisting of a steel bow set in a shaft of wood, furnished with a string and a trigger, and a mechanical device for bending the bow. it served to throw arrows, darts, bullets, etc.
arbiter: a person appointed, or chosen, by parties to determine a controversy between them.-any person who has the power of judging and determining, or ordaining, without control; one whose power of deciding and governing is not limited.-to act as arbiter between.
arbitrage: judgment by an arbiter; authoritative determination.-a traffic in bills of exchange (see arbitration of exchange); also, a traffic in stocks which bear differing values at the same time in different markets.
arbitrary: depending on will or discretion; not governed by any fixed rules; as, an arbitrary decision; an arbitrary punishment.-exercised according to one's own will or caprice, and therefore conveying a notion of a tendency to abuse the possession of power.-despotic; absolute in power; bound by no law; harsh and unforbearing; tyrannical; as, an arbitrary prince or government.
arbitrate: to hear and decide, as arbitrators; as, to choose to arbitrate a disputed case.-to decide, or determine generally.-to decide; to determine.-to act as arbitrator or judge; as, to arbitrate upon several reports; to arbitrate in disputes among neighbors; to arbitrate between parties to a suit.
arbitration: the hearing and determination of a cause between parties in controversy, by a person or persons chosen by the parties.
arbitrator: a person, or one of two or more persons, chosen by parties who have a controversy, to determine their differences. see arbitration.-one who has the power of deciding or prescribing without control; a ruler; a governor.
arbor: a kind of latticework formed of, or covered with, vines, branches of trees, or other plants, for shade; a bower.-a tree, as distinguished from a shrub.-an axle or spindle of a wheel or opinion.-a mandrel in lathe turning.
arbor vitae: an evergreen tree of the cypress tribe, genus thuja. the american species is the t. occidentalis.-the treelike disposition of the gray and white nerve tissues in the cerebellum, as seen in a vertical section.
arboreal: of or pertaining to a tree, or to trees; of nature of trees.-attached to, found in or upon, or frequenting, woods or trees; as, arboreal animals.
arboreous: having the form, constitution, or habits, of a proper tree, in distinction from a shrub.-pertaining to, or growing on, trees; as, arboreous moss.
arborescence: the state of being arborescent; the resemblance to a tree in minerals, or crystallizations, or groups of crystals in that form; as, the arborescence produced by precipitating silver.
arborescent: resembling a tree; becoming woody in stalk; dendritic; having crystallizations disposed like the branches and twigs of a tree.
arboretum: a place in which a collection of rare trees and shrubs is cultivated for scientific or educational purposes.
arboriculture: the cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for timber or for ornamental purposes.
arborist: one who makes trees his study, or who is versed in the knowledge of trees.
arborization: the appearance or figure of a tree or plant, as in minerals or fossils; a dendrite.
arbuscle: a dwarf tree, one in size between a shrub and a tree; a treelike shrub.
arbute: the strawberry tree, a genus of evergreen shrubs, of the heath family. it has a berry externally resembling the strawberry; the arbute tree.
arc: a portion of a curved line; as, the arc of a circle or of an ellipse.-a curvature in the shape of a circular arc or an arch; as, the colored arc (the rainbow); the arc of hadley's quadrant.-an arch.-the apparent arc described, above or below the horizon, by the sun or other celestial body. the diurnal arc is described during the daytime, the nocturnal arc during the night.
arcade: a series of arches with the columns or piers which support them, the spandrels above, and other necessary appurtenances; sometimes open, serving as an entrance or to give light; sometimes closed at the back (as in the cut) and forming a decorative feature.-a long, arched building or gallery.-an arched or covered passageway or avenue.
arcadia: a mountainous and picturesque district of greece, in the heart of the peloponnesus, whose people were distinguished for contentment and rural happiness.-fig.: any region or scene of simple pleasure and untroubled quiet.
arcadic: of or pertaining to arcadia; pastoral; ideally rural; as, arcadian simplicity or scenery.
arcanum: a secret; a mystery; -- generally used in the plural.-a secret remedy; an elixir.
arch: any part of a curved line.-usually a curved member made up of separate wedge-shaped solids, with the joints between them disposed in the direction of the radii of the curve; used to support the wall or other weight above an opening. in this sense arches are segmental, round (i. e., semicircular), or pointed.-a flat arch is a member constructed of stones cut into wedges or other shapes so as to support each other without rising in a curve.-any place covered by an arch; an archway; as, to pass into the arch of a bridge.-any curvature in the form of an arch; as, the arch of the aorta.-to cover with an arch or arches.-to form or bend into the shape of an arch.-to form into an arch; to curve.-chief; eminent; greatest; principal.-cunning or sly; sportively mischievous; roguish; as, an arch look, word, lad.-a chief.
archaean: ancient; pertaining to the earliest period in geological history.-the earliest period in geological period, extending up to the lower silurian. it includes an azoic age, previous to the appearance of life, and an eozoic age, including the earliest forms of life.
archaeolithic: of or pertaining to the earliest stone age; -- applied to a prehistoric period preceding the paleolithic age.
archaeology: the science or study of antiquities, esp. prehistoric antiquities, such as the remains of buildings or monuments of an early epoch, inscriptions, implements, and other relics, written manuscripts, etc.
archaeopteryx: a fossil bird, of the jurassic period, remarkable for having a long tapering tail of many vertebrae with feathers along each side, and jaws armed with teeth, with other reptilian characteristics.
archaeostomatous: applied to a gastrula when the blastopore does not entirely close up.
archaism: an ancient, antiquated, or old-fashioned, word, expression, or idiom; a word or form of speech no longer in common use.-antiquity of style or use; obsoleteness.
archaistic: like, or imitative of, anything archaic; pertaining to an archaism.
archangel: a chief angel; one high in the celestial hierarchy.-a term applied to several different species of plants (angelica archangelica, lamium album, etc.).
archangelic: of or pertaining to archangels; of the nature of, or resembling, an archangel.
archbishop: a chief bishop; a church dignitary of the first class (often called a metropolitan or primate) who superintends the conduct of the suffragan bishops in his province, and also exercises episcopal authority in his own diocese.
archbishopric: the jurisdiction or office of an archbishop; the see or province over which archbishop exercises archiepiscopal authority.
archchamberlain: a chief chamberlain; -- an officer of the old german empire, whose office was similar to that of the great chamberlain in england.
archchancellor: a chief chancellor; -- an officer in the old german empire, who presided over the secretaries of the court.
archdeacon: in england, an ecclesiastical dignitary, next in rank below a bishop, whom he assists, and by whom he is appointed, though with independent authority.
archdeaconry: the district, office, or residence of an archdeacon. see benefice.
archduchess: the consort of an archduke; also, a princess of the imperial family of austria. see archduke.
archebiosis: the origination of living matter from non-living. see abiogenesis.
arched: of arch-made with an arch or curve; covered with an arch; as, an arched door.
archegonium: the pistillidium or female organ in the higher cryptogamic plants, corresponding to the pistil in flowering plants.
archenteron: the primitive enteron or undifferentiated digestive sac of a gastrula or other embryo. see illust. under invagination.
archer fish: a small fish (toxotes jaculator), of the east indies; -- so called from its ejecting drops of water from its mouth at its prey. the name is also applied to chaetodon rostratus.
archery: the use of the bow and arrows in battle, hunting, etc.; the art, practice, or skill of shooting with a bow and arrows.-archers, or bowmen, collectively.
archetypal: of or pertaining to an archetype; consisting a model (real or ideal) or pattern; original.
archetypally: with reference to the archetype; originally. "parts archetypally distinct."
archetype: the original pattern or model of a work; or the model from which a thing is made or formed.-the standard weight or coin by which others are adjusted.-the plan or fundamental structure on which a natural group of animals or plants or their systems of organs are assumed to have been constructed; as, the vertebrate archetype.
archeus: the vital principle or force which (according to the paracelsians) presides over the growth and continuation of living beings; the anima mundi or plastic power of the old philosophers.
archi-: a prefix signifying chief, arch; as, architect, archiepiscopal. in biol. and anat. it usually means primitive, original, ancestral; as, archipterygium, the primitive fin or wing.
archiannelida: a group of annelida remarkable for having no external segments or distinct ventral nerve ganglions.
archiater: chief physician; -- a term applied, on the continent of europe, to the first or body physician of princes and to the first physician of some cities.
archiblastula: a hollow blastula, supposed to be the primitive form; a c/loblastula.
archiepiscopacy: that form of episcopacy in which the chief power is in the hands of archbishops.-the state or dignity of an archbishop.
archiepiscopal: of or pertaining to an archbishop; as, canterbury is an archiepiscopal see.
archierey: the higher order of clergy in russia, including metropolitans, archbishops, and bishops.
archil: a violet dye obtained from several species of lichen (roccella tinctoria, etc.), which grow on maritime rocks in the canary and cape verd islands, etc.-the plant from which the dye is obtained.
archilochian: of or pertaining to the satiric greek poet archilochus; as, archilochian meter.
archilute: a large theorbo, or double-necked lute, formerly in use, having the bass strings doubled with an octave, and the higher strings with a unison.
archimagus: the high priest of the persian magi, or worshipers of fire.-a great magician, wizard, or enchanter.
archimandrite: a chief of a monastery, corresponding to abbot in the roman catholic church.-a superintendent of several monasteries, corresponding to superior abbot, or father provincial, in the roman catholic church.
archimedean: of or pertaining to archimedes, a celebrated greek philosopher; constructed on the principle of archimedes' screw; as, archimedean drill, propeller, etc.
archimedes: an extinct genus of bryzoa characteristic of the subcarboniferous rocks. its form is that of a screw.
arching: of arch-the arched part of a structure.-hogging; -- opposed to sagging.
archipelago: the grecian archipelago, or aegean sea, separating greece from asia minor. it is studded with a vast number of small islands.-hence: any sea or broad sheet of water interspersed with many islands or with a group of islands.
architect: a person skilled in the art of building; one who understands architecture, or makes it his occupation to form plans and designs of buildings, and to superintend the artificers employed.-a contriver, designer, or maker.
architectonic: alt. of architectonical-the science of architecture.-the act of arranging knowledge into a system.
architectonical: pertaining to a master builder, or to architecture; evincing skill in designing or construction; constructive.-relating to the systemizing of knowledge.
architecture: the art or science of building; especially, the art of building houses, churches, bridges, and other structures, for the purposes of civil life; -- often called civil architecture.-construction, in a more general sense; frame or structure; workmanship.
architeuthis: a genus of gigantic cephalopods, allied to the squids, found esp. in the north atlantic and about new zealand.
architrave: the lower division of an entablature, or that part which rests immediately on the column, esp. in classical architecture. see column.-the group of moldings, or other architectural member, above and on both sides of a door or other opening, especially if square in form.
archive: the place in which public records or historic documents are kept.-public records or documents preserved as evidence of facts; as, the archives of a country or family.
archivolt: the architectural member surrounding the curved opening of an arch, corresponding to the architrave in the case of a square opening.-more commonly, the molding or other ornaments with which the wall face of the voussoirs of an arch is charged.
archly: in an arch manner; with attractive slyness or roguishness; slyly; waggishly.
archmarshal: the grand marshal of the old german empire, a dignity that to the elector of saxony.
archness: the quality of being arch; cleverness; sly humor free from malice; waggishness.
archon: one of the chief magistrates in ancient athens, especially, by preeminence, the first of the nine chief magistrates.
archpriest: a chief priest; also, a kind of vicar, or a rural dean.
arcograph: an instrument for drawing a circular arc without the use of a central point; a cyclograph.
arctation: constriction or contraction of some natural passage, as in constipation from inflammation.
arctic: pertaining to, or situated under, the northern constellation called the bear; northern; frigid; as, the arctic pole, circle, region, ocean; an arctic expedition, night, temperature.-the arctic circle.-a warm waterproof overshoe.
arctoidea: a group of the carnivora, that includes the bears, weasels, etc.
arcuation: the act of bending or curving; incurvation; the state of being bent; crookedness.-a mode of propagating trees by bending branches to the ground, and covering the small shoots with earth; layering.
ardency: heat.-warmth of passion or affection; ardor; vehemence; eagerness; as, the ardency of love or zeal.
ardent: hot or burning; causing a sensation of burning; fiery; as, ardent spirits, that is, distilled liquors; an ardent fever.-having the appearance or quality of fire; fierce; glowing; shining; as, ardent eyes.-warm, applied to the passions and affections; passionate; fervent; zealous; vehement; as, ardent love, feelings, zeal, hope, temper.
ardently: in an ardent manner; eagerly; with warmth; affectionately; passionately.
ardor: heat, in a literal sense; as, the ardor of the sun's rays.-warmth or heat of passion or affection; eagerness; zeal; as, he pursues study with ardor; the fought with ardor; martial ardor.-bright and effulgent spirits; seraphim.
arduous: steep and lofty, in a literal sense; hard to climb.-attended with great labor, like the ascending of acclivities; difficult; laborious; as, an arduous employment, task, or enterprise.
are: the present indicative plural of the substantive verb to be; but etymologically a different word from be, or was. am, art, are, and is, all come from the root as.-the unit of superficial measure, being a square of which each side is ten meters in length; 100 square meters, or about 119.6 square yards.
area: any plane surface, as of the floor of a room or church, or of the ground within an inclosure; an open space in a building.-the inclosed space on which a building stands.-the sunken space or court, giving ingress and affording light to the basement of a building.-an extent of surface; a tract of the earth's surface; a region; as, vast uncultivated areas.-the superficial contents of any figure; the surface included within any given lines; superficial extent; as, the area of a square or a triangle.-a spot or small marked space; as, the germinative area.-extent; scope; range; as, a wide area of thought.
areal: of or pertaining to an area; as, areal interstices (the areas or spaces inclosed by the reticulate vessels of leaves).
arear: to raise; to set up; to stir up.-backward; in or to the rear; behindhand.
areca: a genus of palms, one species of which produces the areca nut, or betel nut, which is chewed in india with the leaf of the piper betle and lime.
areed: to tell, declare, explain, or interpret; to divine; to guess; as, to aread a riddle or a dream.-to read.-to counsel, advise, warn, or direct.-to decree; to adjudge.
arena: the area in the central part of an amphitheater, in which the gladiators fought and other shows were exhibited; -- so called because it was covered with sand.-any place of public contest or exertion; any sphere of action; as, the arenaof debate; the arena of life.-"sand" or "gravel" in the kidneys.
arenaceous: sandy or consisting largely of sand; of the nature of sand; easily disintegrating into sand; friable; as, arenaceous limestone.
arenga: a palm tree (saguerus saccharifer) which furnishes sago, wine, and fibers for ropes; the gomuti palm.
arenilitic: of or pertaining to sandstone; as, arenilitic mountains.
areola: an interstice or small space, as between the cracks of the surface in certain crustaceous lichens; or as between the fibers composing organs or vessels that interlace; or as between the nervures of an insect's wing.-the colored ring around the nipple, or around a vesicle or pustule.
areolar: pertaining to, or like, an areola; filled with interstices or areolae.
areolated: divided into small spaces or areolations, as the wings of insects, the leaves of plants, or the receptacle of compound flowers.
areolation: division into areolae.-any small space, bounded by some part different in color or structure, as the spaces bounded by the nervures of the wings of insects, or those by the veins of leaves; an areola.
areolet: a small inclosed area; esp. one of the small spaces on the wings of insects, circumscribed by the veins.
areopagus: the highest judicial court at athens. its sessions were held on mars' hill. hence, any high court or tribunal
aretaics: the ethical theory which excludes all relations between virtue and happiness; the science of virtue; -- contrasted with eudemonics.
aretology: that part of moral philosophy which treats of virtue, its nature, and the means of attaining to it.
argal: crude tartar. see argol.-a ludicrous corruption of the latin word ergo, therefore.-alt. of argali
argali: a species of wild sheep (ovis ammon, or o. argali), remarkable for its large horns. it inhabits the mountains of siberia and central asia.
argand lamp: a lamp with a circular hollow wick and glass chimney which allow a current of air both inside and outside of the flame.
argas: a genus of venomous ticks which attack men and animals. the famous persian argas, also called miana bug, is a. persicus; that of central america, called talaje by the natives, is a. talaje.
argent: silver, or money.-whiteness; anything that is white.-the white color in coats of arms, intended to represent silver, or, figuratively, purity, innocence, beauty, or gentleness; -- represented in engraving by a plain white surface.-made of silver; of a silvery color; white; shining.
argental: of or pertaining to silver; resembling, containing, or combined with, silver.
argentic: pertaining to, derived from, or containing, silver; -- said of certain compounds of silver in which this metal has its lowest proportion; as, argentic chloride.
argentine: pertaining to, or resembling, silver; made of, or sounding like, silver; silvery.-of or pertaining to the argentine republic in south america.-a siliceous variety of calcite, or carbonate of lime, having a silvery-white, pearly luster, and a waving or curved lamellar structure.-white metal coated with silver.-a fish of europe (maurolicus pennantii) with silvery scales. the name is also applied to various fishes of the genus argentina.-a citizen of the argentine republic.
argentite: sulphide of silver; -- also called vitreous silver, or silver glance. it has a metallic luster, a lead-gray color, and is sectile like lead.
argentous: of, pertaining to, or containing, silver; -- said of certain silver compounds in which silver has a higher proportion than in argentic compounds; as, argentous chloride.
argil: clay, or potter's earth; sometimes pure clay, or alumina. see clay.
argillaceous: of the nature of clay; consisting of, or containing, argil or clay; clayey.
argilliferous: producing clay; -- applied to such earths as abound with argil.
argillite: argillaceous schist or slate; clay slate. its colors is bluish or blackish gray, sometimes greenish gray, brownish red, etc.
argillo-areenaceous: consisting of, or containing, clay and sand, as a soil.
argive: of or performance to argos, the capital of argolis in greece.-a native of argos. often used as a generic term, equivalent to grecian or greek.
argo: the name of the ship which carried jason and his fifty-four companions to colchis, in quest of the golden fleece.-a large constellation in the southern hemisphere, called also argo navis. in modern astronomy it is replaced by its three divisions, carina, puppis, and vela.
argol: crude tartar; an acidulous salt from which cream of tartar is prepared. it exists in the juice of grapes, and is deposited from wines on the sides of the casks.