AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
chabuk: a long whip, such as is used in the east in the infliction of punishment.
chace: see 3d chase, n., 3.-to pursue. see chase v. t.
chacma: a large species of african baboon (cynocephalus porcarius); -- called also ursine baboon. [see illust. of baboon.]
chaconne: an old spanish dance in moderate three-four measure, like the passacaglia, which is slower. both are used by classical composers as themes for variations.
chaetetes: a genus of fossil corals, common in the lower silurian limestones.
chaetodont: a marine fish of the family chaetodontidae. the chaetodonts have broad, compressed bodies, and usually bright colors.-of or pertaining to the chaetodonts or the family chaetodontidae.
chaetognatha: an order of free-swimming marine worms, of which the genus sagitta is the type. they have groups of curved spines on each side of the head.
chaetopod: pertaining to the chaetopoda.-one of the chaetopoda.
chaetopoda: a very extensive order of annelida, characterized by the presence of lateral setae, or spines, on most or all of the segments.  they are divided into two principal groups: oligochaeta, including the earthworms and allied forms, and polychaeta, including most of the marine species.
chafe: to excite heat in by friction; to rub in order to stimulate and make warm.-to excite passion or anger in; to fret; to irritate.-to fret and wear by rubbing; as, to chafe a cable.-to rub; to come together so as to wear by rubbing; to wear by friction.-to be worn by rubbing; as, a cable chafes.-to have a feeling of vexation; to be vexed; to fret; to be irritated.-heat excited by friction.-injury or wear caused by friction.-vexation; irritation of mind; rage.
chafer: one who chafes.-a vessel for heating water; -- hence, a dish or pan.-a kind of beetle; the cockchafer. the name is also applied to other species; as, the rose chafer.
chafery: an open furnace or forge, in which blooms are heated before being wrought into bars.
chafeweed: the cudweed (gnaphalium), used to prevent or cure chafing.
chaff: the glumes or husks of grains and grasses separated from the seed by threshing and winnowing, etc.-anything of a comparatively light and worthless character; the refuse part of anything.-straw or hay cut up fine for the food of cattle.-light jesting talk; banter; raillery.-the scales or bracts on the receptacle, which subtend each flower in the heads of many compositae, as the sunflower.-to use light, idle language by way of fun or ridicule; to banter.-to make fun of; to turn into ridicule by addressing in ironical or bantering language; to quiz.
chaffer: one who chaffs.-bargaining; merchandise.-to treat or dispute about a purchase; to bargain; to haggle or higgle; to negotiate.-to talk much and idly; to chatter.-to buy or sell; to trade in.-to exchange; to bandy, as words.
chaffinch: a bird of europe (fringilla coelebs), having a variety of very sweet songs, and highly valued as a cage bird; -- called also copper finch.
chaffing: of chaff-the use of light, frivolous language by way of fun or ridicule; raillery; banter.
chaffwax: formerly a chancery officer who fitted wax for sealing writs and other documents.
chaffy: abounding in, or resembling, chaff.-light or worthless as chaff.-resembling chaff; composed of light dry scales.-bearing or covered with dry scales, as the under surface of certain ferns, or the disk of some composite flowers.
chafing: of chafe-the act of rubbing, or wearing by friction; making by rubbing.
chagrin: vexation; mortification.-to excite ill-humor in; to vex; to mortify; as, he was not a little chagrined.-to be vexed or annoyed.-chagrined.
chain: a series of links or rings, usually of metal, connected, or fitted into one another, used for various purposes, as of support, of restraint, of ornament, of the exertion and transmission of mechanical power, etc.-that which confines, fetters, or secures, as a chain; a bond; as, the chains of habit.-a series of things linked together; or a series of things connected and following each other in succession; as, a chain of mountains; a chain of events or ideas.-an instrument which consists of links and is used in measuring land.-iron links bolted to the side of a vessel to bold the dead-eyes connected with the shrouds; also, the channels.-the warp threads of a web.-to fasten, bind, or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind securely, as with a chain; as, to chain a bulldog.-to keep in slavery; to enslave.-to unite closely and strongly.-to measure with the chain.-to protect by drawing a chain across, as a harbor.
chain pump: a pump consisting of an endless chain, running over a drum or wheel by which it is moved, and dipping below the water to be raised. the chain has at intervals disks or lifts which fit the tube through which the ascending part passes and carry the water to the point of discharge.
chain stitch: an ornamental stitch like the links of a chain; -- used in crocheting, sewing, and embroidery.-a stitch in which the looping of the thread or threads forms a chain on the under side of the work; the loop stitch, as distinguished from the lock stitch. see stitch.
chain wheel: a chain pulley, or sprocket wheel.-an inversion of the chain pump, by which it becomes a motor driven by water.
chair: a movable single seat with a back.-an official seat, as of a chief magistrate or a judge, but esp. that of a professor; hence, the office itself.-the presiding officer of an assembly; a chairman; as, to address the chair.-a vehicle for one person; either a sedan borne upon poles, or two-wheeled carriage, drawn by one horse; a gig.-an iron block used on railways to support the rails and secure them to the sleepers.-to place in a chair.-to carry publicly in a chair in triumph.
chairman: the presiding officer of a committee, or of a public or private meeting, or of any organized body.-one whose business it is to cary a chair or sedan.
chaise: a two-wheeled carriage for two persons, with a calash top, and the body hung on leather straps, or thorough-braces. it is usually drawn by one horse.-a carriage in general.
chaja: the crested screamer of brazil (palamedea, / chauna, chavaria), so called in imitation of its notes; -- called also chauna, and faithful kamichi. it is often domesticated and is useful in guarding other poultry. see kamichi.
chak: to toss up the head frequently, as a horse to avoid the restraint of the bridle.
chalaza: the place on an ovule, or seed, where its outer coats cohere with each other and the nucleus.-a spiral band of thickened albuminous substance which exists in the white of the bird's egg, and serves to maintain the yolk in its position; the treadle.
chalazion: a small circumscribed tumor of the eyelid caused by retention of secretion, and by inflammation of the melbomian glands.
chalcedony: a cryptocrystalline, translucent variety of quartz, having usually a whitish color, and a luster nearly like wax.
chalcid fly: one of a numerous family of hymenopterous insects (chalcididae. many are gallflies, others are parasitic on insects.
chalcidian: one of a tropical family of snakelike lizards (chalcidae), having four small or rudimentary legs.
chalcocite: native copper sulphide, called also copper glance, and vitreous copper; a mineral of a black color and metallic luster.
chalcographist: an engraver on copper or brass; hence, an engraver of copper plates for printing upon paper.
chalcography: the act or art of engraving on copper or brass, especially of engraving for printing.
chalcopyrite: copper pyrites, or yellow copper ore; a common ore of copper, containing copper, iron, and sulphur. it occurs massive and in tetragonal crystals of a bright brass yellow color.
chaldaic: of or pertaining to chaldea.-the language or dialect of the chaldeans; chaldee.
chaldean: of or pertaining to chaldea.-a native or inhabitant of chaldea.-a learned man, esp. an astrologer; -- so called among the eastern nations, because astrology and the kindred arts were much cultivated by the chaldeans.-nestorian.
chaldee: of or pertaining to chaldea.-the language or dialect of the chaldeans; eastern aramaic, or the aramaic used in chaldea.
chaldron: an english dry measure, being, at london, 36 bushels heaped up, or its equivalent weight, and more than twice as much at newcastle. now used exclusively for coal and coke.
chalet: a herdsman's hut in the mountains of switzerland.-a summer cottage or country house in the swiss mountains; any country house built in the style of the swiss cottages.
chalice: a cup or bowl; especially, the cup used in the sacrament of the lord's supper.
chalk: a soft, earthy substance, of a white, grayish, or yellowish white color, consisting of calcium carbonate, and having the same composition as common limestone.-finely prepared chalk, used as a drawing implement; also, by extension, a compound, as of clay and black lead, or the like, used in the same manner. see crayon.-to rub or mark with chalk.-to manure with chalk, as land.-to make white, as with chalk; to make pale; to bleach.
chalkstone: a mass of chalk.-a chalklike concretion, consisting mainly of urate of sodium, found in and about the small joints, in the external ear, and in other situations, in those affected with gout; a tophus.
chalky: consisting of, or resembling, chalk; containing chalk; as, a chalky cliff; a chalky taste.
challenge: an invitation to engage in a contest or controversy of any kind; a defiance; specifically, a summons to fight a duel; also, the letter or message conveying the summons.-the act of a sentry in halting any one who appears at his post, and demanding the countersign.-a claim or demand.-the opening and crying of hounds at first finding the scent of their game.-an exception to a juror or to a member of a court martial, coupled with a demand that he should be held incompetent to act; the claim of a party that a certain person or persons shall not sit in trial upon him or his cause.-an exception to a person as not legally qualified to vote. the challenge must be made when the ballot is offered.-to call to a contest of any kind; to call to answer; to defy.-to call, invite, or summon to answer for an offense by personal combat.-to claim as due; to demand as a right.-to censure; to blame.-to question or demand the countersign from (one who attempts to pass the lines); as, the sentinel challenged us, with  "who comes there?"-to take exception to; question; as, to challenge the accuracy of a statement or of a quotation.-to object to or take exception to, as to a juror, or member of a court.-to object to the reception of the vote of, as on the ground that the person in not qualified as a voter.-to assert a right; to claim a place.
challis: a soft and delicate woolen, or woolen and silk, fabric, for ladies' dresses.
chalybean: of or pertaining to the chalybes, an ancient people of pontus in asia minor, celebrated for working in iron and steel.-of superior quality and temper; -- applied to steel.
chalybeate: impregnated with salts of iron; having a taste like iron; as, chalybeate springs.-any water, liquid, or medicine, into which iron enters as an ingredient.
chamber: a retired room, esp. an upper room used for sleeping; a bedroom; as, the house had four chambers.-apartments in a lodging house.-a hall, as where a king gives audience, or a deliberative body or assembly meets; as, presence chamber; senate chamber.-a legislative or judicial body; an assembly; a society or association; as, the chamber of deputies; the chamber of commerce.-a compartment or cell; an inclosed space or cavity; as, the chamber of a canal lock; the chamber of a furnace; the chamber of the eye.-a room or rooms where a lawyer transacts business; a room or rooms where a judge transacts such official business as may be done out of court.-a chamber pot.-that part of the bore of a piece of ordnance which holds the charge, esp. when of different diameter from the rest of the bore; -- formerly, in guns, made smaller than the bore, but now larger, esp. in breech-loading guns.-a cavity in a mine, usually of a cubical form, to contain the powder.-a short piece of ordnance or cannon, which stood on its breech, without any carriage, formerly used chiefly for rejoicings and theatrical cannonades.-to reside in or occupy a chamber or chambers.-to be lascivious.-to shut up, as in a chamber.-to furnish with a chamber; as, to chamber a gun.
chambered: of chamber-having a chamber or chambers; as, a chambered shell; a chambered gun.
chamberer: one who attends in a chamber; a chambermaid.-a civilian; a carpetmonger.
chamberlain: an officer or servant who has charge of a chamber or chambers.-an upper servant of an inn.-an officer having the direction and management of the private chambers of a nobleman or monarch; hence, in europe, one of the high officers of a court.-a treasurer or receiver of public money; as, the chamberlain of london, of north wales, etc.
chambermaid: a maidservant who has the care of chambers, making the beds, sweeping, cleaning the rooms, etc.-a lady's maid.
chameck: a kind of spider monkey (ateles chameck), having the thumbs rudimentary and without a nail.
chameleon: a lizardlike reptile of the genus chamaeleo, of several species, found in africa, asia, and europe. the skin is covered with fine granulations; the tail is prehensile, and the body is much compressed laterally, giving it a high back.
chamfer: the surface formed by cutting away the arris, or angle, formed by two faces of a piece of timber, stone, etc.-to cut a furrow in, as in a column; to groove; to channel; to flute.-to make a chamfer on.
chamois: a small species of antelope (rupicapra tragus), living on the loftiest mountain ridges of europe, as the alps, pyrenees, etc. it possesses remarkable agility, and is a favorite object of chase.-a soft leather made from the skin of the chamois, or from sheepskin, etc.; -- called also chamois leather, and chammy or shammy leather. see shammy.
chamomile: a genus of herbs (anthemis) of the composite family. the common camomile, a. nobilis, is used as a popular remedy. its flowers have a strong and fragrant and a bitter, aromatic taste. they are tonic, febrifugal, and in large doses emetic, and the volatile oil is carminative.-see camomile.
champ: to bite with repeated action of the teeth so as to be heard.-to bite into small pieces; to crunch.-to bite or chew impatiently.-alt. of champe
champagne: a light wine, of several kinds, originally made in the province of champagne, in france.
champertor: one guilty of champerty; one who purchases a suit, or the right of suing, and carries it on at his own expense, in order to obtain a share of the gain.
champerty: partnership in power; equal share of authority.-the prosecution or defense of a suit, whether by furnishing money or personal services, by one who has no legitimate concern therein, in consideration of an agreement that he shall receive, in the event of success, a share of the matter in suit; maintenance with the addition of an agreement to divide the thing in suit. see maintenance.
champion: to furnish with a champion; to attend or defend as champion; to support or maintain; to protect.
champlain period: a subdivision of the quaternary age immediately following the glacial period; -- so named from beds near lake champlain.
chance: a supposed material or psychical agent or mode of activity other than a force, law, or purpose; fortune; fate; -- in this sense often personified.-the operation or activity of such agent.-the supposed effect of such an agent; something that befalls, as the result of unknown or unconsidered forces; the issue of uncertain conditions; an event not calculated upon; an unexpected occurrence; a happening; accident; fortuity; casualty.-a possibility; a likelihood; an opportunity; -- with reference to a doubtful result; as, a chance to escape; a chance for life; the chances are all against him.-probability.-to happen, come, or arrive, without design or expectation.-to take the chances of; to venture upon; -- usually with it as object.-to befall; to happen to.-happening by chance; casual.-by chance; perchance.
chance-medley: the killing of another in self-defense upon a sudden and unpremeditated encounter. see chaud-medley.-luck; chance; accident.
chancel: that part of a church, reserved for the use of the clergy, where the altar, or communion table, is placed.-all that part of a cruciform church which is beyond the line of the transept farthest from the main front.
chancellor: a judicial court of chancery, which in england and in the united states is distinctively a court with equity jurisdiction.
chancery: in england, formerly, the highest court of judicature next to the parliament, exercising jurisdiction at law, but chiefly in equity; but under the jurisdiction act of 1873 it became the chancery division of the high court of justice, and now exercises jurisdiction only in equity.-in the unites states, a court of equity; equity; proceeding in equity.
chancre: a venereal sore or ulcer; specifically, the initial lesion of true syphilis, whether forming a distinct ulcer or not; -- called also hard chancre, indurated chancre, and hunterian chancre.
chancroid: a venereal sore, resembling a chancre in its seat and some external characters, but differing from it in being the starting point of a purely local process and never of a systemic disease; -- called also soft chancre.
chandelier: a candlestick, lamp, stand, gas fixture, or the like, having several branches; esp., one hanging from the ceiling.-a movable parapet, serving to support fascines to cover pioneers.
chandler: a maker or seller of candles.-a dealer in other commodities, which are indicated by a word prefixed; as, ship chandler, corn chandler.
change: to alter; to make different; to cause to pass from one state to another; as, to change the position, character, or appearance of a thing; to change the countenance.-to alter by substituting something else for, or by giving up for something else; as, to change the clothes; to change one's occupation; to change one's intention.-to give and take reciprocally; to exchange; -- followed by with; as, to change place, or hats, or money, with another.-specifically: to give, or receive, smaller denominations of money (technically called change) for; as, to change a gold coin or a bank bill.-to be altered; to undergo variation; as, men sometimes change for the better.-to pass from one phase to another; as, the moon changes to-morrow night.-any variation or alteration; a passing from one state or form to another; as, a change of countenance; a change of habits or principles.-a succesion or substitution of one thing in the place of another; a difference; novelty; variety; as, a change of seasons.-a passing from one phase to another; as, a change of the moon.-alteration in the order of a series; permutation.-that which makes a variety, or may be substituted for another.-small money; the money by means of which the larger coins and bank bills are made available in small dealings; hence, the balance returned when payment is tendered by a coin or note exceeding the sum due.-a place where merchants and others meet to transact business; a building appropriated for mercantile transactions.-a public house; an alehouse.-any order in which a number of bells are struck, other than that of the diatonic scale.
changeable: capable of change; subject to alteration; mutable; variable; fickle; inconstant; as, a changeable humor.-appearing different, as in color, in different lights, or under different circumstances; as, changeable silk.
changeableness: the quality of being changeable; fickleness; inconstancy; mutability.
changeling: one who, or that which, is left or taken in the place of another, as a child exchanged by fairies.-a simpleton; an idiot.-one apt to change; a waverer.-taken or left in place of another; changed.-given to change; inconstant.
changer: one who changes or alters the form of anything.-one who deals in or changes money.-one apt to change; an inconstant person.
chank: the east indian name for the large spiral shell of several species of sea conch much used in making bangles, esp. turbinella pyrum. called also chank chell.
channel: the hollow bed where a stream of water runs or may run.-the deeper part of a river, harbor, strait, etc., where the main current flows, or which affords the best and safest passage for vessels.-a strait, or narrow sea, between two portions of lands; as, the british channel.-that through which anything passes; means of passing, conveying, or transmitting; as, the news was conveyed to us by different channels.-a gutter; a groove, as in a fluted column.-flat ledges of heavy plank bolted edgewise to the outside of a vessel, to increase the spread of the shrouds and carry them clear of the bulwarks.-to form a channel in; to cut or wear a channel or channels in; to groove.-to course through or over, as in a channel.
channeling: of channel-the act or process of forming a channel or channels.-a channel or a system of channels; a groove.
chant: to utter with a melodious voice; to sing.-to celebrate in song.-to sing or recite after the manner of a chant, or to a tune called a chant.-to make melody with the voice; to sing.-to sing, as in reciting a chant.-song; melody.-a short and simple melody, divided into two parts by double bars, to which unmetrical psalms, etc., are sung or recited. it is the most ancient form of choral music.-a psalm, etc., arranged for chanting.-twang; manner of speaking; a canting tone.
chanter: one who chants; a singer or songster.-the chief singer of the chantry.-the flute or finger pipe in a bagpipe. see bagpipe.-the hedge sparrow.
chanterelle: a name for several species of mushroom, of which one (cantharellus cibrius) is edible, the others reputed poisonous.
chanticleer: a cock, so called from the clearness or loudness of his voice in crowing.
chantry: an endowment or foundation for the chanting of masses and offering of prayers, commonly for the founder.-a chapel or altar so endowed.
chaos: an empty, immeasurable space; a yawning chasm.-the confused, unorganized condition or mass of matter before the creation of distinct and orderly forms.-any confused or disordered collection or state of things; a confused mixture; confusion; disorder.
chap: to cause to open in slits or chinks; to split; to cause the skin of to crack or become rough.-to strike; to beat.-to crack or open in slits; as, the earth chaps; the hands chap.-to strike; to knock; to rap.-a cleft, crack, or chink, as in the surface of the earth, or in the skin.-a division; a breach, as in a party.-a blow; a rap.-one of the jaws or the fleshy covering of a jaw; -- commonly in the plural, and used of animals, and colloquially of human beings.-one of the jaws or cheeks of a vise, etc.-a buyer; a chapman.-a man or boy; a youth; a fellow.-to bargain; to buy.
chaparral: a thicket of low evergreen oaks.-an almost impenetrable thicket or succession of thickets of thorny shrubs and brambles.
chapbook: any small book carried about for sale by chapmen or hawkers.  hence, any small book; a toy book.
chape: the piece by which an object is attached to something, as the frog of a scabbard or the metal loop at the back of a buckle by which it is fastened to a strap.-the transverse guard of a sword or dagger.-the metal plate or tip which protects the end of a scabbard, belt, etc.
chapel: a subordinate place of worship-a small church, often a private foundation, as for a memorial-a small building attached to a church-a room or recess in a church, containing an altar.-a place of worship not connected with a church; as, the chapel of a palace, hospital, or prison.-in england, a place of worship used by dissenters from the established church; a meetinghouse.-a choir of singers, or an orchestra, attached to the court of a prince or nobleman.-a printing office, said to be so called because printing was first carried on in england in a chapel near westminster abbey.-an association of workmen in a printing office.-to deposit or inter in a chapel; to enshrine.-to cause (a ship taken aback in a light breeze) so to turn or make a circuit as to recover, without bracing the yards, the same tack on which she had been sailing.