AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
bench: a long seat, differing from a stool in its greater length.-a long table at which mechanics and other work; as, a carpenter's bench.-the seat where judges sit in court.-the persons who sit as judges; the court; as, the opinion of the full bench. see king's bench.-a collection or group of dogs exhibited to the public; -- so named because the animals are usually placed on benches or raised platforms.-a conformation like a bench; a long stretch of flat ground, or a kind of natural terrace, near a lake or river.-to furnish with benches.-to place on a bench or seat of honor.-to sit on a seat of justice.
bench warrant: a process issued by a presiding judge or by a court against a person guilty of some contempt, or indicted for some crime; -- so called in distinction from a justice's warrant.
bencher: one of the senior and governing members of an inn of court.-an alderman of a corporation.-a member of a court or council.-one who frequents the benches of a tavern; an idler.
bend: to strain or move out of a straight line; to crook by straining; to make crooked; to curve; to make ready for use by drawing into a curve; as, to bend a bow; to bend the knee.-to turn toward some certain point; to direct; to incline.-to apply closely or with interest; to direct.-to cause to yield; to render submissive; to subdue.-to fasten, as one rope to another, or as a sail to its yard or stay; or as a cable to the ring of an anchor.-to be moved or strained out of a straight line; to crook or be curving; to bow.-to jut over; to overhang.-to be inclined; to be directed.-to bow in prayer, or in token of submission.-a turn or deflection from a straight line or from the proper direction or normal position; a curve; a crook; as, a slight bend of the body; a bend in a road.-turn; purpose; inclination; ends.-a knot by which one rope is fastened to another or to an anchor, spar, or post.-the best quality of sole leather; a butt. see butt.-hard, indurated clay; bind.-same as caisson disease.  usually referred to as the bends.-a band.-one of the honorable ordinaries, containing a third or a fifth part of the field. it crosses the field diagonally from the dexter chief to the sinister base.
bender: one who, or that which, bends.-an instrument used for bending.-a drunken spree.-a sixpence.
bendy: divided into an even number of bends; -- said of a shield or its charge.
beneath: lower in place, with something directly over or on; under; underneath; hence, at the foot of.-under, in relation to something that is superior, or that oppresses or burdens.-lower in rank, dignity, or excellence than; as, brutes are beneath man; man is beneath angels in the scale of beings. hence: unworthy of; unbecoming.-in a lower place; underneath.-below, as opposed to heaven, or to any superior region or position; as, in earth beneath.
benedicite: a canticle (the latin version of which begins with this word) which may be used in the order for morning prayer in the church of england. it is taken from an apocryphal addition to the third chapter of daniel.-an exclamation corresponding to bless you !.
benedictine: pertaining to the monks of st. benedict, or st. benet.-one of a famous order of monks, established by st. benedict of nursia in the sixth century. this order was introduced into the united states in 1846.
benediction: the act of blessing.-a blessing; an expression of blessing, prayer, or kind wishes in favor of any person or thing; a solemn or affectionate invocation of happiness.-the short prayer which closes public worship; as, to give the benediction.-the form of instituting an abbot, answering to the consecration of a bishop.-a solemn rite by which bells, banners, candles, etc., are blessed with holy water, and formally dedicated to god.
benedictus: the song of zacharias at the birth of john the baptist (luke i. 68); -- so named from the first word of the latin version.
benefaction: the act of conferring a benefit.-a benefit conferred; esp. a charitable donation.
benefice: a favor or benefit.-an estate in lands; a fief.-an ecclesiastical living and church preferment, as in the church of england; a church endowed with a revenue for the maintenance of divine service. see advowson.-to endow with a benefice.
beneficence: the practice of doing good; active goodness, kindness, or charity; bounty springing from purity and goodness.
beneficent: doing or producing good; performing acts of kindness and charity; characterized by beneficence.
beneficial: conferring benefits; useful; profitable; helpful; advantageous; serviceable; contributing to a valuable end; -- followed by to.-receiving, or entitled to have or receive, advantage, use, or benefit; as, the beneficial owner of an estate.-king.
beneficiary: holding some office or valuable possession, in subordination to another; holding under a feudal or other superior; having a dependent and secondary possession.-bestowed as a gratuity; as, beneficiary gifts.-a feudatory or vassal; hence, one who holds a benefice and uses its proceeds.-one who receives anything as a gift; one who receives a benefit or advantage; esp. one who receives help or income from an educational fund or a trust estate.
benefit: an act of kindness; a favor conferred.-whatever promotes prosperity and personal happiness, or adds value to property; advantage; profit.-a theatrical performance, a concert, or the like, the proceeds of which do not go to the lessee of the theater or to the company, but to some individual actor, or to some charitable use.-beneficence; liberality.-natural advantages; endowments; accomplishments.-to be beneficial to; to do good to; to advantage; to advance in health or prosperity; to be useful to; to profit.-to gain advantage; to make improvement; to profit; as, he will benefit by the change.
benevolence: the disposition to do good; good will; charitableness; love of mankind, accompanied with a desire to promote their happiness.-an act of kindness; good done; charity given.-a species of compulsory contribution or tax, which has sometimes been illegally exacted by arbitrary kings of england, and falsely represented as a gratuity.
benevolent: having a disposition to do good; possessing or manifesting love to mankind, and a desire to promote their prosperity and happiness; disposed to give to good objects; kind; charitable.
bengal: a province in india, giving its name to various stuffs, animals, etc.-a thin stuff, made of silk and hair, originally brought from bengal.-striped gingham, originally brought from bengal; bengal stripes.
benight: to involve in darkness; to shroud with the shades of night; to obscure.-to overtake with night or darkness, especially before the end of a day's journey or task.-to involve in moral darkness, or ignorance; to debar from intellectual light.
benign: of a kind or gentle disposition; gracious; generous; favorable; benignant.-exhibiting or manifesting kindness, gentleness, favor, etc.; mild; kindly; salutary; wholesome.-of a mild type or character; as, a benign disease.
benignity: the quality of being benign; goodness; kindness; graciousness.-mildness; gentleness.-salubrity; wholesome quality.
benne: the name of two plants (sesamum orientale and s. indicum), originally asiatic; -- also called oil plant. from their seeds an oil is expressed, called benne oil, used mostly for making soap. in the southern united states the seeds are used in candy.
bennet: the common yellow-flowered avens of europe (geum urbanum); herb bennet. the name is sometimes given to other plants, as the hemlock, valerian, etc.
bent: of bend-imp. & p. p. of bend.-changed by pressure so as to be no longer straight; crooked; as, a bent pin; a bent lever.-strongly inclined toward something, so as to be resolved, determined, set, etc.; -- said of the mind, character, disposition, desires, etc., and used with on; as, to be bent on going to college; he is bent on mischief.-the state of being curved, crooked, or inclined from a straight line; flexure; curvity; as, the bent of a bow.-a declivity or slope, as of a hill.-a leaning or bias; proclivity; tendency of mind; inclination; disposition; purpose; aim.-particular direction or tendency; flexion; course.-a transverse frame of a framed structure.-tension; force of acting; energy; impetus.-a reedlike grass; a stalk of stiff, coarse grass.-a grass of the genus agrostis, esp. agrostis vulgaris, or redtop. the name is also used of many other grasses, esp. in america.-any neglected field or broken ground; a common; a moor.
benthamism: that phase of the doctrine of utilitarianism taught by jeremy bentham; the doctrine that the morality of actions is estimated and determined by their utility; also, the theory that the sensibility to pleasure and the recoil from pain are the only motives which influence human desires and actions, and that these are the sufficient explanation of ethical and jural conceptions.
benting time: the season when pigeons are said to feed on bents, before peas are ripe.
benty: a bounding in bents, or the stalks of coarse, stiff, withered grass; as, benty fields.-resembling bent.
benumb: to make torpid; to deprive of sensation or sensibility; to stupefy; as, a hand or foot benumbed by cold.
benumbed: of benumb-made torpid; numbed; stupefied; deadened; as, a benumbed body and mind.
benumbment: act of benumbing, or state of being benumbed; torpor.
benzal: a compound radical, c6h5.ch, of the aromatic series, related to benzyl and benzoyl; -- used adjectively or in combination.
benzamide: a transparent crystalline substance, c6h5.co.nh2, obtained by the action of ammonia upon chloride of benzoyl, as also by several other reactions with benzoyl compounds.
benzene: a volatile, very inflammable liquid, c6h6, contained in the naphtha produced by the destructive distillation of coal, from which it is separated by fractional distillation. the name is sometimes applied also to the impure commercial product or benzole, and also, but rarely, to a similar mixed product of petroleum.
benzile: a yellowish crystalline substance, c6h5.co.co.c6h5, formed from benzoin by the action of oxidizing agents, and consisting of a doubled benzoyl radical.
benzine: a liquid consisting mainly of the lighter and more volatile hydrocarbons of petroleum or kerosene oil, used as a solvent and for cleansing soiled fabrics; -- called also petroleum spirit, petroleum benzine. varieties or similar products are gasoline, naphtha, rhigolene, ligroin, etc.-same as benzene.
benzoate: a salt formed by the union of benzoic acid with any salifiable base.
benzoin: a resinous substance, dry and brittle, obtained from the styrax benzoin, a tree of sumatra, java, etc., having a fragrant odor, and slightly aromatic taste. it is used in the preparation of benzoic acid, in medicine, and as a perfume.-a white crystalline substance, c14h12o2, obtained from benzoic aldehyde and some other sources.-the spicebush (lindera benzoin).
benzoinated: containing or impregnated with benzoin; as, benzoinated lard.
benzol: an impure benzene, used in the arts as a solvent, and for various other purposes. see benzene.
benzoyl: a compound radical, c6h5.co; the base of benzoic acid, of the oil of bitter almonds, and of an extensive series of compounds.
benzyl: a compound radical, c6h5.ch2, related to toluene and benzoic acid; -- commonly used adjectively.
beplaster: to plaster over; to cover or smear thickly; to bedaub.
bepommel: to pommel; to beat, as with a stick; figuratively, to assail or criticise in conversation, or in writing.
bequeath: to give or leave by will; to give by testament; -- said especially of personal property.-to hand down; to transmit.-to give; to offer; to commit.
bequeathal: the act of bequeathing; bequeathment; bequest.
bequeathment: the act of bequeathing, or the state of being bequeathed; a bequest.
bequest: the act of bequeathing or leaving by will; as, a bequest of property by a. to b.-that which is left by will, esp. personal property; a legacy; also, a gift.-to bequeath, or leave as a legacy.
berber: a member of a race somewhat resembling the arabs, but often classed as hamitic, who were formerly the inhabitants of the whole of north africa from the mediterranean southward into the sahara, and who still occupy a large part of that region; -- called also kabyles. also, the language spoken by this people.
berberine: an alkaloid obtained, as a bitter, yellow substance, from the root of the barberry, gold thread, and other plants.
bere: barley; the six-rowed barley or the four-rowed barley, commonly the former (hord. vulgare).-to pierce.-see bear, barley.
bereave: to make destitute; to deprive; to strip; -- with of before the person or thing taken away.-to take away from.-to take away.
bereavement: the state of being bereaved; deprivation; esp., the loss of a relative by death.
bergamot: a tree of the orange family (citrus bergamia), having a roundish or pear-shaped fruit, from the rind of which an essential oil of delicious odor is extracted, much prized as a perfume. also, the fruit.-a variety of mint (mentha aquatica, var. glabrata).-the essence or perfume made from the fruit.-a variety of pear.-a variety of snuff perfumed with bergamot.-a coarse tapestry, manufactured from flock of cotton or hemp, mixed with ox's or goat's hair; -- said to have been invented at bergamo, italy.  encyc. brit.
bergmeal: an earthy substance, resembling fine flour. it is composed of the shells of infusoria, and in lapland and sweden is sometimes eaten, mixed with flour or ground birch bark, in times of scarcity. this name is also given to a white powdery variety of calcite.
bergomask: a rustic dance, so called in ridicule of the people of bergamo, in italy, once noted for their clownishness.
beriberi: an acute disease occurring in india, characterized by multiple inflammatory changes in the nerves, producing great muscular debility, a painful rigidity of the limbs, and cachexy.
berkeleian: of or relating to bishop berkeley or his system of idealism; as, berkeleian philosophy.
berlin: a four-wheeled carriage, having a sheltered seat behind the body and separate from it, invented in the 17th century, at berlin.-fine worsted for fancy-work; zephyr worsted; -- called also berlin wool.
berme: a narrow shelf or path between the bottom of a parapet and the ditch.-a ledge at the bottom of a bank or cutting, to catch earth that may roll down the slope, or to strengthen the bank.
bermuda grass: a kind of grass (cynodon dactylon) esteemed for pasture in the southern united states.  it is a native of southern europe, but is now wide-spread in warm countries; -- called also scutch grass, and in bermuda, devil grass.
berna fly: a brazilian dipterous insect of the genus trypeta, which lays its eggs in the nostrils or in wounds of man and beast, where the larvae do great injury.
bernardine: of or pertaining to st. bernard of clairvaux, or to the cistercian monks.-a cistercian monk.
bernese: pertaining to the city or canton of bern, in switzerland, or to its inhabitants.-a native or natives of bern.
beroe: a small, oval, transparent jellyfish, belonging to the ctenophora.
berretta: a square cap worn by ecclesiastics of the roman catholic church. a cardinal's berretta is scarlet; that worn by other clerics is black, except that a bishop's is lined with green.
berried: furnished with berries; consisting of a berry; baccate; as, a berried shrub.-of berry
berry: any small fleshy fruit, as the strawberry, mulberry, huckleberry, etc.-a small fruit that is pulpy or succulent throughout, having seeds loosely imbedded in the pulp, as the currant, grape, blueberry.-the coffee bean.-one of the ova or eggs of a fish.-to bear or produce berries.-a mound; a hillock.
berrying: of berry-a seeking for or gathering of berries, esp. of such as grow wild.
berserker: one of a class of legendary heroes, who fought frenzied by intoxicating liquors, and naked, regardless of wounds.-one who fights as if frenzied, like a berserker.
berth: convenient sea room.-a room in which a number of the officers or ship's company mess and reside.-the place where a ship lies when she is at anchor, or at a wharf.-an allotted place; an appointment; situation or employment.-a place in a ship to sleep in; a long box or shelf on the side of a cabin or stateroom, or of a railway car, for sleeping in.-to give an anchorage to, or a place to lie at; to place in a berth; as, she was berthed stem to stern with the adelaide.-to allot or furnish berths to, on shipboard; as, to berth a ship's company.
berthierite: a double sulphide of antimony and iron, of a dark steel-gray color.
berthing: of berth-the planking outside of a vessel, above the sheer strake.
berycoid: of or pertaining to the berycidae, a family of marine fishes.
beryl: a mineral of great hardness, and, when transparent, of much beauty. it occurs in hexagonal prisms, commonly of a green or bluish green color, but also yellow, pink, and white. it is a silicate of aluminium and glucinum (beryllium). the aquamarine is a transparent, sea-green variety used as a gem. the emerald is another variety highly prized in jewelry, and distinguished by its deep color, which is probably due to the presence of a little oxide of chromium.
berylloid: a solid consisting of a double twelve-sided pyramid; -- so called because the planes of this form occur on crystals of beryl.
besayle: a great-grandfather.-a kind of writ which formerly lay where a great-grandfather died seized of lands in fee simple, and on the day of his death a stranger abated or entered and kept the heir out. this is now abolished.
bescatter: to scatter over.-to cover sparsely by scattering (something); to strew.
bescreen: to cover with a screen, or as with a screen; to shelter; to conceal.
beseech: to ask or entreat with urgency; to supplicate; to implore.-solicitation; supplication.
beseeching: of beseech-entreating urgently; imploring; as, a beseeching look.
beseem: literally: to appear or seem (well, ill, best, etc.) for (one) to do or to have. hence: to be fit, suitable, or proper for, or worthy of; to become; to befit.-to seem; to appear; to be fitting.
beseeming: of beseem-appearance; look; garb.-comeliness.-becoming; suitable.
beseen: seen; appearing.-decked or adorned; clad.-accomplished; versed.
beset: of beset-to set or stud (anything) with ornaments or prominent objects.-to hem in; to waylay; to surround; to besiege; to blockade.-to set upon on all sides; to perplex; to harass; -- said of dangers, obstacles, etc.-to occupy; to employ; to use up.
besetment: the act of besetting, or the state of being beset; also, that which besets one, as a sin.
besetting: of beset-habitually attacking, harassing, or pressing upon or about; as, a besetting sin.
beshow: a large food fish (anoplopoma fimbria) of the north pacific coast; -- called also candlefish.
beside: at the side of; on one side of.-aside from; out of the regular course or order of; in a state of deviation from; out of.-over and above; distinct from; in addition to.-on one side.-more than that; over and above; not included in the number, or in what has been mentioned; moreover; in addition.
besides: alt. of beside-over and above; separate or distinct from; in addition to; other than; else than. see beside, prep., 3, and syn. under beside.
besiege: to beset or surround with armed forces, for the purpose of compelling to surrender; to lay siege to; to beleaguer; to beset.
beslobber: to slobber on; to smear with spittle running from the mouth. also fig.: as, to beslobber with praise.
besmear: to smear with any viscous, glutinous matter; to bedaub; to soil.
besmirch: to smirch or soil; to discolor; to obscure. hence: to dishonor; to sully.
besnow: to scatter like snow; to cover thick, as with snow flakes.-to cover with snow; to whiten with snow, or as with snow.
besom: a brush of twigs for sweeping; a broom; anything which sweeps away or destroys.-to sweep, as with a besom.
besort: to assort or be congruous with; to fit, or become.-befitting associates or attendants.
besot: to make sottish; to make dull or stupid; to stupefy; to infatuate.
besotted: of besot-made sottish, senseless, or infatuated; characterized by drunken stupidity, or by infatuation; stupefied.
bespangle: to adorn with spangles; to dot or sprinkle with something brilliant or glittering.
bespatter: to soil by spattering; to sprinkle, esp. with dirty water, mud, or anything which will leave foul spots or stains.-to asperse with calumny or reproach.
bespawl: to daub, soil, or make foul with spawl or spittle.
bespeak: to speak or arrange for beforehand; to order or engage against a future time; as, to bespeak goods, a right, or a favor.-to show beforehand; to foretell; to indicate.-to betoken; to show; to indicate by external marks or appearances.-to speak to; to address.-to speak.-a bespeaking. among actors, a benefit (when a particular play is bespoken.)
bespit: of bespit-of bespit-to daub or soil with spittle.
bespoke: of bespeak-of bespeak-imp. & p. p. of bespeak.
besprinkling: of besprinkle-the act of sprinkling anything; a sprinkling over.
bessemer steel: steel made directly from cast iron, by burning out a portion of the carbon and other impurities that the latter contains, through the agency of a blast of air which is forced through the molten metal; -- so called from sir henry bessemer, an english engineer, the inventor of the process.
best: having good qualities in the highest degree; most good, kind, desirable, suitable, etc.; most excellent; as, the best man; the best road; the best cloth; the best abilities.-most advanced; most correct or complete; as, the best scholar; the best view of a subject.-most; largest; as, the best part of a week.-utmost; highest endeavor or state; most nearly perfect thing, or being, or action; as, to do one's best; to the best of our ability.-in the highest degree; beyond all others.-to the most advantage; with the most success, case, profit, benefit, or propriety.-most intimately; most thoroughly or correctly; as, what is expedient is best known to himself.-to get the better of.
bestar: to sprinkle with, or as with, stars; to decorate with, or as with, stars; to bestud.
bestead: of bestead-to put in a certain situation or condition; to circumstance; to place.-to put in peril; to beset.-to serve; to assist; to profit; to avail.
bestial: belonging to a beast, or to the class of beasts.-having the qualities of a beast; brutal; below the dignity of reason or humanity; irrational; carnal; beastly; sensual.-a domestic animal; also collectively, cattle; as, other kinds of bestial.
bestialize: to make bestial, or like a beast; to degrade; to brutalize.
bestick: to stick over, as with sharp points pressed in; to mark by infixing points or spots here and there; to pierce.
bestir: to put into brisk or vigorous action; to move with life and vigor; -- usually with the reciprocal pronoun.
bestow: to lay up in store; to deposit for safe keeping; to stow; to place; to put.-to use; to apply; to devote, as time or strength in some occupation.-to expend, as money.-to give or confer; to impart; -- with on or upon.-to give in marriage.-to demean; to conduct; to behave; -- followed by a reflexive pronoun.
bestowment: the act of giving or bestowing; a conferring or bestowal.-that which is given or bestowed.
bestride: to stand or sit with anything between the legs, or with the legs astride; to stand over-to step over; to stride over or across; as, to bestride a threshold.
bestrode: of bestride-of bestride-imp. & p. p. of bestride.
bestud: to set or adorn, as with studs or bosses; to set thickly; to stud; as, to bestud with stars.
bet: that which is laid, staked, or pledged, as between two parties, upon the event of a contest or any contingent issue; the act of giving such a pledge; a wager.-of bet-to stake or pledge upon the event of a contingent issue; to wager.-imp. & p. p. of beat.-an early form of better.
betaine: a nitrogenous base, c5h11no2, produced artificially, and also occurring naturally in beet-root molasses and its residues, from which it is extracted as a white crystalline substance; -- called also lycine and oxyneurine. it has a sweetish taste.
betake: to take or seize.-to have recourse to; to apply; to resort; to go; -- with a reflexive pronoun.-to commend or intrust to; to commit to.
bete: to mend; to repair.-to renew or enkindle (a fire).-to better; to mend. see beete.