AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
chrysophane: a glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow, crystalline powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition.
chrysoprase: an apple-green variety of chalcedony, colored by nickel. it has a dull flinty luster, and is sometimes used in jewelry.
chrysotype: a photographic picture taken upon paper prepared by the use of a sensitive salt of iron and developed by the application of chloride of gold.-2process, invented by sir j.herschel.
chthonophagy: a disease characterized by an irresistible desire to eat earth, observed in some parts of the southern united states, the west indies, etc.
chub: a species to fresh-water fish of the cyprinidae or carp family. the common european species is leuciscus cephalus; the cheven. in america the name is applied to various fishes of the same family, of the genera semotilus, squalius, ceratichthys, etc., and locally to several very different fishes, as the tautog, black bass, etc.
chuck: to make a noise resembling that of a hen when she calls her chickens; to cluck.-to chuckle; to laugh.-to call, as a hen her chickens.-the chuck or call of a hen.-a sudden, small noise.-a word of endearment; -- corrupted from chick.-to strike gently; to give a gentle blow to.-to toss or throw smartly out of the hand; to pitch.-to place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in turning; to bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a chuck.-a slight blow or pat under the chin.-a short throw; a toss.-a contrivance or machine fixed to the mandrel of a lathe, for holding a tool or the material to be operated upon.-a small pebble; -- called also chuckstone and chuckiestone.-a game played with chucks, in which one or more are tossed up and caught; jackstones.-a piece of the backbone of an animal, from between the neck and the collar bone, with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking; as, a chuck steak; a chuck roast.
chuck-will's-widow: a species of goatsucker (antrostomus carolinensis), of the southern united states; -- so called from its note.
chuckle: to call, as a hen her chickens; to cluck.-to fondle; to cocker.-a short, suppressed laugh; the expression of satisfaction, exultation, or derision.-to laugh in a suppressed or broken manner, as expressing inward satisfaction, exultation, or derision.
chucklehead: a person with a large head; a numskull; a dunce.
chuckleheaded: having a large head; thickheaded; dull; stupid.
chufa: a sedgelike plant (cyperus esculentus) producing edible tubers, native about the mediterranean, now cultivated in many regions; the earth almond.
chuffy: fat or puffed out in the cheeks.-rough; clownish; surly.
chulan: the fragrant flowers of the chloranthus inconspicuus, used in china for perfuming tea.
chum: a roommate, especially in a college or university; an old and intimate friend.-to occupy a chamber with another; as, to chum together at college.-chopped pieces of fish used as bait.
church: a building set apart for christian worship.-a jewish or heathen temple.-a formally organized body of christian believers worshiping together.-a body of christian believers, holding the same creed, observing the same rites, and acknowledging the same ecclesiastical authority; a denomination; as, the roman catholic church; the presbyterian church.-the collective body of christians.-any body of worshipers; as, the jewish church; the church of brahm.-the aggregate of religious influences in a community; ecclesiastical influence, authority, etc.; as, to array the power of the church against some moral evil.-to bless according to a prescribed form, or to unite with in publicly returning thanks in church, as after deliverance from the dangers of childbirth; as, the churching of women.
church-ale: a church or parish festival (as in commemoration of the dedication of a church), at which much ale was used.
churchman: an ecclesiastic or clergyman.-an episcopalian, or a member of the established church of england.-one was is attached to, or attends, church.
churchwarden: one of the officers (usually two) in an episcopal church, whose duties vary in different dioceses, but always include the provision of what is necessary for the communion service.-a clay tobacco pipe, with a long tube.
churl: a rustic; a countryman or laborer.-a rough, surly, ill-bred man; a boor.-a selfish miser; an illiberal person; a niggard.-churlish; rough; selfish.
churlish: like a churl; rude; cross-grained; ungracious; surly; illiberal; niggardly.-wanting pliancy; unmanageable; unyielding; not easily wrought; as, a churlish soil; the churlish and intractable nature of some minerals.
churlishness: rudeness of manners or temper; lack of kindness or courtesy.
churn: a vessel in which milk or cream is stirred, beaten, or otherwise agitated (as by a plunging or revolving dasher) in order to separate the oily globules from the other parts, and obtain butter.-to stir, beat, or agitate, as milk or cream in a churn, in order to make butter.-to shake or agitate with violence.-to perform the operation of churning.
churning: of churn-the act of one who churns.-the quantity of butter made at one operation.
churrus: a powerfully narcotic and intoxicating gum resin which exudes from the flower heads, seeds, etc., of indian hemp.
churrworm: an insect that turns about nimbly; the mole cricket; -- called also fan cricket.
chute: a framework, trough, or tube, upon or through which objects are made to slide from a higher to a lower level, or through which water passes to a wheel.-see shoot.
chutnee: a warm or spicy condiment or pickle made in india, compounded of various vegetable substances, sweets, acids, etc.
chylaqueous: consisting of chyle much diluted with water; -- said of a liquid which forms the circulating fluid of some inferior animals.
chyle: a milky fluid containing the fatty matter of the food in a state of emulsion, or fine mechanical division; formed from chyme by the action of the intestinal juices. it is absorbed by the lacteals, and conveyed into the blood by the thoracic duct.
chylifaction: the act or process by which chyle is formed from food in animal bodies; chylification, -- a digestive process.
chylifactive: producing, or converting into, chyle; having the power to form chyle.
chyliferous: transmitting or conveying chyle; as, chyliferous vessels.
chylopoetic: concerned in the formation of chyle; as, the chylopoetic organs.
chyluria: a morbid condition in which the urine contains chyle or fatty matter, giving it a milky appearance.
chyme: the pulpy mass of semi-digested food in the small intestines just after its passage from the stomach. it is separated in the intestines into chyle and excrement. see chyle.
chymification: the conversion of food into chyme by the digestive action of gastric juice.
chyometer: an instrument for measuring liquids. it consists of a piston moving in a tube in which is contained the liquid, the quantity expelled being indicated by the graduation upon the piston rod.
ci-devant: former; previous; of times gone by; as, a ci-devant governor.
cibation: the act of taking food.-the process or operation of feeding the contents of the crucible with fresh material.
cibol: a perennial alliaceous plant (allium fistulosum), sometimes called welsh onion. its fistular leaves areused in cookery.
ciborium: a canopy usually standing free and supported on four columns, covering the high altar, or, very rarely, a secondary altar.-the coffer or case in which the host is kept; the pyx.
cicada: any species of the genus cicada. they are large hemipterous insects, with nearly transparent wings. the male makes a shrill sound by peculiar organs in the under side of the abdomen, consisting of a pair of stretched membranes, acted upon by powerful muscles. a noted american species (c. septendecim) is called the seventeen year locust. another common species is the dogday cicada.
cicatricle: the germinating point in the embryo of a seed; the point in the yolk of an egg at which development begins.
cicatrisive: tending to promote the formation of a cicatrix; good for healing of a wound.
cicatrix: the pellicle which forms over a wound or breach of continuity and completes the process of healing in the latter, and which subsequently contracts and becomes white, forming the scar.
cicatrizant: a medicine or application that promotes the healing of a sore or wound, or the formation of a cicatrix.
cicatrization: the process of forming a cicatrix, or the state of being cicatrized.
cicatrize: to heal or induce the formation of a cicatrix in, as in wounded or ulcerated flesh.-to heal; to have a new skin.
cicely: any one of several umbelliferous plants, of the genera myrrhis, osmorrhiza, etc.
ciceronianism: imitation of, or resemblance to, the style or action cicero; a ciceronian phrase or expression.
cichoraceous: belonging to, or resembling, a suborder of composite plants of which the chicory (cichorium) is the type.
cicisbeo: a professed admirer of a married woman; a dangler about women.-a knot of silk or ribbon attached to a fan, walking stick, etc.
cicuta: a genus of poisonous umbelliferous plants, of which the water hemlock or cowbane is best known.
cicutoxin: the active principle of the water hemlock (cicuta) extracted as a poisonous gummy substance.
cid: chief or commander; in spanish literature, a title of ruy diaz, count of bivar, a champion of christianity and of the old spanish royalty, in the 11th century.-an epic poem, which celebrates the exploits of the spanish national hero, ruy diaz.
cider: the expressed juice of apples. it is used as a beverage, for making vinegar, and for other purposes.
ciderkin: a kind of weak cider made by steeping the refuse pomace in water.
cilia: the eyelashes.-small, generally microscopic, vibrating appendages lining certain organs, as the air passages of the higher animals, and in the lower animals often covering also the whole or a part of the exterior. they are also found on some vegetable organisms. in the infusoria, and many larval forms, they are locomotive organs.-hairlike processes, commonly marginal and forming a fringe like the eyelash.-small, vibratory, swimming organs, somewhat resembling true cilia, as those of ctenophora.
ciliary: pertaining to the cilia, or eyelashes. also applied to special parts of the eye itself; as, the ciliary processes of the choroid coat; the ciliary muscle, etc.-pertaining to or connected with the cilia in animal or vegetable organisms; as, ciliary motion.
ciliata: one of the orders of infusoria, characterized by having cilia. in some species the cilia cover the body generally, in others they form a band around the mouth.
ciliated: provided with, or surrounded by, cilia; as, a ciliate leaf; endowed with vibratory motion; as, the ciliated epithelium of the windpipe.
cilician: of or pertaining to cilicia in asia minor.-a native or inhabitant of cilicia.
ciliograde: moving by means of cilia, or cilialike organs; as, the ciliograde medusae.
cimbia: a fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if to strengthen it.
cimbrian: of or pertaining to the cimbri.-one of the cimbri. see cimbric.
cimbric: pertaining to the cimbri, an ancient tribe inhabiting northern germany.-the language of the cimbri.
cimeliarch: a superintendent or keeper of a church's valuables; a churchwarden.
cimex: a genus of hemipterous insects of which the bedbug is the best known example. see bedbug.
cimmerian: pertaining to the cimmerii, a fabulous people, said to have lived, in very ancient times, in profound and perpetual darkness.-without any light; intensely dark.
cimolite: a soft, earthy, clayey mineral, of whitish or grayish color.
cinchona: a genus of trees growing naturally on the andes in peru and adjacent countries, but now cultivated in the east indies, producing a medicinal bark of great value.-the bark of any species of cinchona containing three per cent. or more of bitter febrifuge alkaloids; peruvian bark; jesuits' bark.
cinchonaceous: allied or pertaining to cinchona, or to the plants that produce it.
cinchonidine: one of the quinine group of alkaloids, found especially in red cinchona bark. it is a white crystalline substance, c19h22n2o, with a bitter taste and qualities similar to, but weaker than, quinine; -- sometimes called also cinchonidia.
cinchonine: one of the quinine group of alkaloids isomeric with and resembling cinchonidine; -- called also cinchonia.
cinchonism: a condition produced by the excessive or long-continued use of quinine, and marked by deafness, roaring in the ears, vertigo, etc.
cinchonize: to produce cinchonism in; to poison with quinine or with cinchona.
cincinnati epoch: an epoch at the close of the american lower silurian system. the rocks are well developed near cincinnati, ohio. the group includes the hudson river and lorraine shales of new york.
cincture: a belt, a girdle, or something worn round the body, -- as by an ecclesiastic for confining the alb.-that which encompasses or incloses; an inclosure.-the fillet, listel, or band next to the apophyge at the extremity of the shaft of a column.
cinder: partly burned or vitrified coal, or other combustible, in which fire is extinct.-a hot coal without flame; an ember.-a scale thrown off in forging metal.-the slag of a furnace, or scoriaceous lava from a volcano.
cineraria: a linnaean genus of free-flowering composite plants, mostly from south africa. several species are cultivated for ornament.
cinerescent: somewhat cinereous; of a color somewhat resembling that of wood ashes.
cineritious: like ashes; having the color of ashes, -- as the cortical substance of the brain.
cingalese: a native or natives of ceylon descended from its primitive inhabitants-the language of the cingalese.-of or pertaining to the cingalese.
cingulum: a distinct girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain univalve shells.-the clitellus of earthworms.-the base of the crown of a tooth.
cinnabar: red sulphide of mercury, occurring in brilliant red crystals, and also in red or brown amorphous masses. it is used in medicine.-the artificial red sulphide of mercury used as a pigment; vermilion.
cinnabarine: pertaining to, or resembling, cinnabar; consisting of cinnabar, or containing it; as, cinnabarine sand.
cinnamene: styrene (which was formerly called cinnamene because obtained from cinnamic acid). see styrene.
cinnamon: the inner bark of the shoots of cinnamomum zeylanicum, a tree growing in ceylon. it is aromatic, of a moderately pungent taste, and is one of the best cordial, carminative, and restorative spices.-cassia.
cinnamone: a yellow crystalline substance, (c6h5.c2h2)2co, the ketone of cinnamic acid.
cinnamyl: the hypothetical radical, (c6h5.c2h2)2c, of cinnamic compounds.
cinnoline: a nitrogenous organic base, c8h6n2, analogous to quinoline, obtained from certain complex diazo compounds.
cinque ports: five english ports, to which peculiar privileges were anciently accorded; -- viz., hastings, romney, hythe, dover, and sandwich; afterwards increased by the addition of winchelsea, rye, and some minor places.
cinque-pace: a lively dance (called also galliard), the steps of which were regulated by the number five.
cinquecento: the sixteenth century, when applied to italian art or literature; as, the sculpture of the cinquecento; cinquecento style.
cinquefoil: the name of several different species of the genus potentilla; -- also called five-finger, because of the resemblance of its leaves to the fingers of the hand.-an ornamental foliation having five points or cups, used in windows, panels, etc.
cinura: the group of thysanura which includes lepisma and allied forms; the bristletails. see bristletail, and lepisma.
cipher: a character [0] which, standing by itself, expresses nothing, but when placed at the right hand of a whole number, increases its value tenfold.-one who, or that which, has no weight or influence.-a character in general, as a figure or letter.-a combination or interweaving of letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a painter's cipher, an engraver's cipher, etc.  the cut represents the initials n. w.-a private alphabet, system of characters, or other mode of writing, contrived for the safe transmission of secrets; also, a writing in such characters.-of the nature of a cipher; of no weight or influence.-to use figures in a mathematical process; to do sums in arithmetic.-to write in occult characters.-to get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer.-to decipher.-to designate by characters.
cipolin: a whitish marble, from rome, containiing pale greenish zones. it consists of calcium carbonate, with zones and cloudings of talc.
cippus: a small, low pillar, square or round, commonly having an inscription, used by the ancients for various purposes, as for indicating the distances of places, for a landmark, for sepulchral inscriptions, etc.
circassian: of or pertaining to circassia, in asia.-a native or inhabitant of circassia.
circean: having the characteristics of circe, daughter of sol and perseis, a mythological enchantress, who first charmed her victims and then changed them to the forms of beasts; pleasing, but noxious; as, a circean draught.
circinate: rolled together downward, the tip occupying the center; -- a term used in reference to foliation or leafing, as in ferns.-to make a circle around; to encompass.
circle: a plane figure, bounded by a single curve line called its circumference, every part of which is equally distant from a point within it, called the center.-the line that bounds such a figure; a circumference; a ring.-an instrument of observation, the graduated limb of which consists of an entire circle.-a round body; a sphere; an orb.-compass; circuit; inclosure.-a company assembled, or conceived to assemble, about a central point of interest, or bound by a common tie; a class or division of society; a coterie; a set.-a circular group of persons; a ring.-a series ending where it begins, and repeating itself.-a form of argument in which two or more unproved statements are used to prove each other; inconclusive reasoning.-indirect form of words; circumlocution.-a territorial division or district.-to move around; to revolve around.-to encompass, as by a circle; to surround; to inclose; to encircle.-to move circularly; to form a circle; to circulate.
circler: a mean or inferior poet, perhaps from his habit of wandering around as a stroller; an itinerant poet. also, a name given to the cyclic poets. see under cyclic, a.
circlet: a little circle; esp., an ornament for the person, having the form of a circle; that which encircles, as a ring, a bracelet, or a headband.-a round body; an orb.-a circular piece of wood put under a dish at table.
circuit: the act of moving or revolving around, or as in a circle or orbit; a revolution; as, the periodical circuit of the earth round the sun.-the circumference of, or distance round, any space; the measure of a line round an area.-that which encircles anything, as a ring or crown.-the space inclosed within a circle, or within limits.-a regular or appointed journeying from place to place in the exercise of one's calling, as of a judge, or a preacher.-a certain division of a state or country, established by law for a judge or judges to visit, for the administration of justice.-a district in which an itinerant preacher labors.-circumlocution.-to move in a circle; to go round; to circulate.-to travel around.
circuitous: going round in a circuit; roundabout; indirect; as, a circuitous road; a circuitous manner of accomplishing an end.
circuity: a going round in a circle; a course not direct; a roundabout way of proceeding.
circular: in the form of, or bounded by, a circle; round.-repeating itself; ending in itself; reverting to the point of beginning; hence, illogical; inconclusive; as, circular reasoning.-adhering to a fixed circle of legends; cyclic; hence, mean; inferior. see cyclic poets, under cyclic.-addressed to a circle, or to a number of persons having a common interest; circulated, or intended for circulation; as, a circular letter.-perfect; complete.-a circular letter, or paper, usually printed, copies of which are addressed or given to various persons; as, a business circular.-a sleeveless cloak, cut in circular form.
circulate: to move in a circle or circuitously; to move round and return to the same point; as, the blood circulates in the body.-to pass from place to place, from person to person, or from hand to hand; to be diffused; as, money circulates; a story circulates.-to cause to pass from place to place, or from person to person; to spread; as, to circulate a report; to circulate bills of credit.
circulation: the act of moving in a circle, or in a course which brings the moving body to the place where its motion began.-the act of passing from place to place or person to person; free diffusion; transmission.-currency; circulating coin; notes, bills, etc., current for coin.-the extent to which anything circulates or is circulated; the measure of diffusion; as, the circulation of a newspaper.-the movement of the blood in the blood-vascular system, by which it is brought into close relations with almost every living elementary constituent. also, the movement of the sap in the vessels and tissues of plants.
circulatory: circular; as, a circulatory letter.-circulating, or going round.-subserving the purposes of circulation; as, circulatory organs; of or pertaining to the organs of circulation; as, circulatory diseases.-a chemical vessel consisting of two portions unequally exposed to the heat of the fire, and with connecting pipes or passages, through which the fluid rises from the overheated portion, and descends from the relatively colder, maintaining a circulation.
circum-: a latin preposition, used as a prefix in many english words, and signifying around or about.
circumcise: to cut off the prepuce of foreskin of, in the case of males, and the internal labia of, in the case of females.-to purify spiritually.
circumcision: the act of cutting off the prepuce or foreskin of males, or the internal labia of females.-the jews, as a circumcised people.-rejection of the sins of the flesh; spiritual purification, and acceptance of the christian faith.
circumduct: to lead about; to lead astray.-to contravene; to nullify; as, to circumduct acts of judicature.
circumduction: a leading about; circumlocution.-an annulling; cancellation.-the rotation of a limb round an imaginary axis, so as to describe a concial surface.
circumesophagal: surrounding the esophagus; -- in zool. said of the nerve commissures and ganglia of arthropods and mollusks.
circumference: the line that goes round or encompasses a circular figure; a periphery.-a circle; anything circular.-the external surface of a sphere, or of any orbicular body.-to include in a circular space; to bound.
circumferential: pertaining to the circumference; encompassing; encircling; circuitous.
circumferentor: a surveying instrument, for taking horizontal angles and bearings; a surveyor's compass. it consists of a compass whose needle plays over a circle graduated to 360¡, and of a horizontal brass bar at the ends of which are standards with narrow slits for sighting, supported on a tripod by a ball and socket joint.-a graduated wheel for measuring tires; a tire circle.
circumflect: to bend around.-to mark with the circumflex accent, as a vowel.
circumflex: a wave of the voice embracing both a rise and fall or a fall and a rise on the same a syllable.-a character, or accent, denoting in greek a rise and of the voice on the same long syllable, marked thus [~ or /]; and in latin and some other languages, denoting a long and contracted syllable, marked [/ or ^]. see accent, n., 2.-to mark or pronounce with a circumflex.-moving or turning round; circuitous.-curved circularly; -- applied to several arteries of the hip and thigh, to arteries, veins, and a nerve of the shoulder, and to other parts.
circumflexion: the act of bending, or causing to assume a curved form.-a winding about; a turning; a circuity; a fold.
circumgyrate: to roll or turn round; to cause to perform a rotary or circular motion.
circumjacence: condition of being circumjacent, or of bordering on every side.
circumlocution: the use of many words to express an idea that might be expressed by few; indirect or roundabout language; a periphrase.