AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
baritone: see barytone.-grave and deep, as a kind of male voice.-not marked with an accent on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.-a male voice, the compass of which partakes of the common bass and the tenor, but which does not descend as low as the one, nor rise as high as the other.-a person having a voice of such range.-the viola di gamba, now entirely disused.-a word which has no accent marked on the last syllable, the grave accent being understood.
barium: one of the elements, belonging to the alkaline earth group; a metal having a silver-white color, and melting at a very high temperature. it is difficult to obtain the pure metal, from the facility with which it becomes oxidized in the air. atomic weight, 137.  symbol, ba. its oxide called baryta.
bark: to strip the bark from; to peel.-to abrade or rub off any outer covering from; as to bark one's heel.-to girdle. see girdle, v. t., 3.-to cover or inclose with bark, or as with bark; as, to bark the roof of a hut.-to make a short, loud, explosive noise with the vocal organs; -- said of some animals, but especially of dogs.-to make a clamor; to make importunate outcries.-the short, loud, explosive sound uttered by a dog; a similar sound made by some other animals.-alt. of barque
bark beetle: a small beetle of many species (family scolytidae), which in the larval state bores under or in the bark of trees, often doing great damage.
bark louse: an insect of the family coccidae, which infests the bark of trees and vines.
barkentine: a threemasted vessel, having the foremast square-rigged, and the others schooner-rigged. [spelled also barquentine, barkantine, etc.] see illust. in append.
barker: an animal that barks; hence, any one who clamors unreasonably.-one who stands at the doors of shops to urg/ passers by to make purchases.-a pistol.-the spotted redshank.-one who strips trees of their bark.
barker's mill: a machine, invented in the 17th century, worked by a form of reaction wheel. the water flows into a vertical tube and gushes from apertures in hollow horizontal arms, causing the machine to revolve on its axis.
barking irons: instruments used in taking off the bark of trees.-a pair of pistols.
barley: a valuable grain, of the family of grasses, genus hordeum, used for food, and for making malt, from which are prepared beer, ale, and whisky.
barleybreak: an ancient rural game, commonly played round stacks of barley, or other grain, in which some of the party attempt to catch others who run from a goal.
barleycorn: a grain or "corn" of barley.-formerly , a measure of length, equal to the average length of a grain of barley; the third part of an inch.
barm: foam rising upon beer, or other malt liquors, when fermenting, and used as leaven in making bread and in brewing; yeast.-the lap or bosom.
barmaid: a girl or woman who attends the customers of a bar, as in a tavern or beershop.
barmaster: formerly, a local judge among miners; now, an officer of the barmote.
barmecide: one who proffers some illusory advantage or benefit. also used as an adj.: barmecidal.
barmote: a court held in derbyshire, in england, for deciding controversies between miners.
barn: a covered building used chiefly for storing grain, hay, and other productions of a farm. in the united states a part of the barn is often used for stables.-to lay up in a barn.-a child. [obs.] see bairn.
barnacle: any cirriped crustacean adhering to rocks, floating timber, ships, etc., esp. (a) the sessile species (genus balanus and allies), and (b) the stalked or goose barnacles (genus lepas and allies). see cirripedia, and goose barnacle.-a bernicle goose.-an instrument for pinching a horse's nose, and thus restraining him.-spectacles; -- so called from their resemblance to the barnacles used by farriers.
baroko: a form or mode of syllogism of which the first proposition is a universal affirmative, and the other two are particular negative.
baromacrometer: an instrument for ascertaining the weight and length of a newborn infant.
barometer: an instrument for determining the weight or pressure of the atmosphere, and hence for judging of the probable changes of weather, or for ascertaining the height of any ascent.
barometrical: pertaining to the barometer; made or indicated by a barometer; as, barometric changes; barometrical observations.
barometrograph: a form of barometer so constructed as to inscribe of itself upon paper a record of the variations of atmospheric pressure.
barometz: the woolly-skinned rhizoma or rootstock of a fern (dicksonia barometz), which, when specially prepared and inverted, somewhat resembles a lamb; -- called also scythian lamb.
baron: a title or degree of nobility; originally, the possessor of a fief, who had feudal tenants under him; in modern times, in france and germany, a nobleman next in rank below a count; in england, a nobleman of the lowest grade in the house of lords, being next below a viscount.-a husband; as, baron and feme, husband and wife.
baronage: the whole body of barons or peers.-the dignity or rank of a baron.-the land which gives title to a baron.
baroness: a baron's wife; also, a lady who holds the baronial title in her own right; as, the baroness burdett-coutts.
baronet: a dignity or degree of honor next below a baron and above a knight, having precedency of all orders of knights except those of the garter. it is the lowest degree of honor that is hereditary. the baronets are commoners.
barony: the fee or domain of a baron; the lordship, dignity, or rank of a baron.-in ireland, a territorial division, corresponding nearly to the english hundred, and supposed to have been originally the district of a native chief. there are 252  of these baronies. in scotland, an extensive freehold. it may be held by a commoner.
baroscope: any instrument showing the changes in the weight of the atmosphere; also, less appropriately, any instrument that indicates -or foreshadows changes of the weather, as a deep vial of liquid holding in suspension some substance which rises and falls with atmospheric changes.
barouche: a four-wheeled carriage, with a falling top, a seat on the outside for the driver, and two double seats on the inside arranged so that the sitters on the front seat face those on the back seat.
barpost: a post sunk in the ground to receive the bars closing a passage into a field.
barque: formerly, any small sailing vessel, as a pinnace, fishing smack, etc.; also, a rowing boat; a barge. now applied poetically to a sailing vessel or boat of any kind.-a three-masted vessel, having her foremast and mainmast square-rigged, and her mizzenmast schooner-rigged.-same as 3d bark, n.
barracan: a thick, strong stuff, somewhat like camlet; -- still used for outer garments in the levant.
barrack: a building for soldiers, especially when in garrison. commonly in the pl., originally meaning temporary huts, but now usually applied to a permanent structure or set of buildings.-a movable roof sliding on four posts, to cover hay, straw, etc.-to supply with barracks; to establish in barracks; as, to barrack troops.-to live or lodge in barracks.
barracouata: a voracious pikelike, marine fish, of the genus sphyraena, sometimes used as food.-a large edible fresh-water fish of australia and new zealand (thyrsites atun).
barrage: an artificial bar or obstruction placed in a river or water course to increase the depth of water; as, the barrages of the nile.
barratry: the practice of exciting and encouraging lawsuits and quarrels.-a fraudulent breach of duty or willful act of known illegality on the part of a master of a ship, in his character of master, or of the mariners, to the injury of the owner of the ship or cargo, and without his consent. it includes every breach of trust committed with dishonest purpose, as by running away with the ship, sinking or deserting her, etc., or by embezzling the cargo.-the crime of a judge who is influenced by bribery in pronouncing judgment.
barred owl: a large american owl (syrnium nebulosum); -- so called from the transverse bars of a dark brown color on the breast.
barrel: a round vessel or cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends or heads.-the quantity which constitutes a full barrel. this varies for different articles and also in different places for the same article, being regulated by custom or by law. a barrel of wine is 31/ gallons; a barrel of flour is 196 pounds.-a solid drum, or a hollow cylinder or case; as, the barrel of a windlass; the barrel of a watch, within which the spring is coiled.-a metallic tube, as of a gun, from which a projectile is discharged.-a jar.-the hollow basal part of a feather.-to put or to pack in a barrel or barrels.
barrelled: of barrel-having a barrel; -- used in composition; as, a double-barreled gun.
barren: incapable of producing offspring; producing no young; sterile; -- said of women and female animals.-not producing vegetation, or useful vegetation; /rile.-unproductive; fruitless; unprofitable; empty.-mentally dull; stupid.-a tract of barren land.-elevated lands or plains on which grow small trees, but not timber; as, pine barrens; oak barrens. they are not necessarily sterile, and are often fertile.
barrenwort: an herbaceous plant of the barberry family (epimedium alpinum), having leaves that are bitter and said to be sudorific.
barret: a kind of cap formerly worn by soldiers; -- called also barret cap. also, the flat cap worn by roman catholic ecclesiastics.
barricade: a fortification, made in haste, of trees, earth, palisades, wagons, or anything that will obstruct the progress or attack of an enemy. it is usually an obstruction formed in streets to block an enemy's access.-any bar, obstruction, or means of defense.-to fortify or close with a barricade or with barricades; to stop up, as a passage; to obstruct; as, the workmen barricaded the streets of paris.
barrier: a carpentry obstruction, stockade, or other obstacle made in a passage in order to stop an enemy.-a fortress or fortified town, on the frontier of a country, commanding an avenue of approach.-a fence or railing to mark the limits of a place, or to keep back a crowd.-an any obstruction; anything which hinders approach or attack.-any limit or boundary; a line of separation.
barrigudo: a large, dark-colored, south american monkey, of the genus lagothrix, having a long prehensile tail.
barringout: the act of closing the doors of a schoolroom against a schoolmaster; -- a boyish mode of rebellion in schools.
barrister: counselor at law; a counsel admitted to plead at the bar, and undertake the public trial of causes, as distinguished from an attorney or solicitor. see attorney.
barrow: a support having handles, and with or without a wheel, on which heavy or bulky things can be transported by hand. see handbarrow, and wheelbarrow.-a wicker case, in which salt is put to drain.-a hog, esp. a male hog castrated.-a large mound of earth or stones over the remains of the dead; a tumulus.-a heap of rubbish, attle, etc.
barrowist: a follower of henry barrowe, one of the founders of independency or congregationalism in england. barrowe was executed for nonconformity in 1953.
barter: to traffic or trade, by exchanging one commodity for another, in distinction from a sale and purchase, in which money is paid for the commodities transferred; to truck.-to trade or exchange in the way of barter; to exchange (frequently for an unworthy consideration); to traffic; to truck; -- sometimes followed by away; as, to barter away goods or honor.-the act or practice of trafficking by exchange of commodities; an exchange of goods.-the thing given in exchange.
bartholomew tide: time of the festival of st. bartholomew, august 24th.
bartizan: a small, overhanging structure for lookout or defense, usually projecting at an angle of a building or near an entrance gateway.
bartlett: a bartlett pear, a favorite kind of pear, which originated in england about 1770, and was called williams' bonchretien. it was brought to america, and distributed by mr. enoch bartlett, of dorchester, massachusetts.
barton: the demesne lands of a manor; also, the manor itself.-a farmyard.
barway: a passage into a field or yard, closed by bars made to take out of the posts.
barwood: a red wood of a leguminous tree (baphia nitida), from angola and the gaboon in africa. it is used as a dyewood, and also for ramrods, violin bows and turner's work.
barycentric: of or pertaining to the center of gravity. see barycentric calculus, under calculus.
baryta: an oxide of barium (or barytum); a heavy earth with a specific gravity above 4.
barytes: barium sulphate, generally called heavy spar or barite. see barite.
baryto-calcite: a mineral of a white or gray color, occurring massive or crystallized. it is a compound of the carbonates of barium and calcium.
bas-relief: low relief; sculpture, the figures of which project less than half of their true proportions; -- called also bassrelief and basso-rilievo. see alto-rilievo.
basal-nerved: having the nerves radiating from the base; -- said of leaves.
basalt: a rock of igneous origin, consisting of augite and triclinic feldspar, with grains of magnetic or titanic iron, and also bottle-green particles of olivine frequently disseminated.-an imitation, in pottery, of natural basalt; a kind of black porcelain.
basaltic: pertaining to basalt; formed of, or containing, basalt; as basaltic lava.
basanite: lydian stone, or black jasper, a variety of siliceous or flinty slate, of a grayish or bluish black color. it is employed to test the purity of gold, the amount of alloy being indicated by the color left on the stone when rubbed by the metal.
bascule: in mechanics an apparatus on the principle of the seesaw, in which one end rises as the other falls.
base-burner: a furnace or stove in which the fuel is contained in a hopper or chamber, and is fed to the fire as the lower stratum is consumed.
base-court: the secondary, inferior, or rear courtyard of a large house; the outer court of a castle.-an inferior court of law, not of record.
baseball: a game of ball, so called from the bases or bounds ( four in number) which designate the circuit which each player must endeavor to make after striking the ball.-the ball used in this game.
baseboard: a board, or other woodwork, carried round the walls of a room and touching the floor, to form a base and protect the plastering; -- also called washboard (in england), mopboard, and scrubboard.
based: of base-having a base, or having as a base; supported; as, broad-based.-wearing, or protected by, bases.
basedow's disease: a disease characterized by enlargement of the thyroid gland, prominence of the eyeballs, and inordinate action of the heart; -- called also exophthalmic goiter.
basely: in a base manner; with despicable meanness; dishonorably; shamefully.-illegitimately; in bastardy.
basement: the outer wall of the ground story of a building, or of a part of that story, when treated as a distinct substructure. ( see base, n., 3 (a).) hence: the rooms of a ground floor, collectively.
bash: to abash; to disconcert or be disconcerted or put out of countenance.
bashaw: a turkish title of honor, now written pasha. see pasha.-fig.: a magnate or grandee.-a very large siluroid fish (leptops olivaris) of the mississippi valley; -- also called goujon, mud cat, and yellow cat.
bashful: abashed; daunted; dismayed.-very modest, or modest excess; constitutionally disposed to shrink from public notice; indicating extreme or excessive modesty; shy; as, a bashful person, action, expression.
basi-: a combining form, especially in anatomical and botanical words, to indicate the base or position at or near a base; forming a base; as, basibranchials, the most ventral of the cartilages or bones of the branchial arches; basicranial, situated at the base of the cranium; basifacial, basitemporal, etc.
basic: relating to a base; performing the office of a base in a salt.-having the base in excess, or the amount of the base atomically greater than that of the acid, or exceeding in proportion that of the related neutral salt.-apparently alkaline, as certain normal salts which exhibit alkaline reactions with test paper.-said of crystalline rocks which contain a relatively low percentage of silica, as basalt.
basicity: the quality or state of being a base.-the power of an acid to unite with one or more atoms or equivalents of a base, as indicated by the number of replaceable hydrogen atoms contained in the acid.
basidium: a special oblong or pyriform cell, with slender branches, which bears the spores in that division of fungi called basidiomycetes, of which the common mushroom is an example.
basifugal: tending or proceeding away from the base; as, a basifugal growth.
basigynium: the pedicel on which the ovary of certain flowers, as the passion flower, is seated; a carpophore or thecaphore.
basil: the slope or angle to which the cutting edge of a tool, as a plane, is ground.-to grind or form the edge of to an angle.-the name given to several aromatic herbs of the mint family, but chiefly to the common or sweet basil (ocymum basilicum), and the bush basil, or lesser basil (o. minimum), the leaves of which are used in cookery. the name is also given to several kinds of mountain mint (pycnanthemum).-the skin of a sheep tanned with bark.
basilary: relating to, or situated at, the base.-lower; inferior; applied to impulses or springs of action.
basilica: originally, the place of a king; but afterward, an apartment provided in the houses of persons of importance, where assemblies were held for dispensing justice; and hence, any large hall used for this purpose.-a building used by the romans as a place of public meeting, with court rooms, etc., attached.-a church building of the earlier centuries of christianity, the plan of which was taken from the basilica of the romans. the name is still applied to some churches by way of honorary distinction.-a digest of the laws of justinian, translated from the original latin into greek, by order of basil i., in the ninth century.
basilical: royal; kingly; also, basilican.-pertaining to certain parts, anciently supposed to have a specially important function in the animal economy, as the middle vein of the right arm.
basilicon: an ointment composed of wax, pitch, resin, and olive oil, lard, or other fatty substance.
basilisk: a fabulous serpent, or dragon. the ancients alleged that its hissing would drive away all other serpents, and that its breath, and even its look, was fatal. see cockatrice.-a lizard of the genus basiliscus, belonging to the family iguanidae.-a large piece of ordnance, so called from its supposed resemblance to the serpent of that name, or from its size.
basin: a hollow vessel or dish, to hold water for washing, and for various other uses.-the quantity contained in a basin.-a hollow vessel, of various forms and materials, used in the arts or manufactures, as that used by glass grinders for forming concave glasses, by hatters for molding a hat into shape, etc.-a hollow place containing water, as a pond, a dock for ships, a little bay.-a circular or oval valley, or depression of the surface of the ground, the lowest part of which is generally occupied by a lake, or traversed by a river.-the entire tract of country drained by a river, or sloping towards a sea or lake.-an isolated or circumscribed formation, particularly where the strata dip inward, on all sides, toward a center; -- especially applied to the coal formations, called coal basins or coal fields.
basioccipital: of or pertaining to the bone in the base of the cranium, frequently forming a part of the occipital in the adult, but usually distinct in the young.-the basioccipital bone.
basipterygium: a bar of cartilage at the base of the embryonic fins of some fishes. it develops into the metapterygium.
basipterygoid: applied to a protuberance of the base of the sphenoid bone.
basis: the foundation of anything; that on which a thing rests.-the pedestal of a column, pillar, or statue.-the ground work the first or fundamental principle; that which supports.-the principal component part of a thing.
basisphenoid: alt. of basisphenoidal-the basisphenoid bone.
basisphenoidal: of or pertaining to that part of the base of the cranium between the basioccipital and the presphenoid, which usually ossifies separately in the embryo or in the young, and becomes a part of the sphenoid in the adult.
bask: to lie in warmth; to be exposed to genial heat.-to warm by continued exposure to heat; to warm with genial heat.
basket: a vessel made of osiers or other twigs, cane, rushes, splints, or other flexible material, interwoven.-the contents of a basket; as much as a basket contains; as, a basket of peaches.-the bell or vase of the corinthian capital.-the two back seats facing one another on the outside of a stagecoach.-to put into a basket.
basking shark: one of the largest species of sharks (cetorhinus maximus), so called from its habit of basking in the sun; the liver shark, or bone shark. it inhabits the northern seas of europe and america, and grows to a length of more than forty feet. it is a harmless species.
basommatophora: a group of pulmonifera having the eyes at the base of the tentacles, including the common pond snails.
basque: pertaining to biscay, its people, or their language.-one of a race, of unknown origin, inhabiting a region on the bay of biscay in spain and france.-the language spoken by the basque people.-a part of a lady's dress, resembling a jacket with a short skirt; -- probably so called because this fashion of dress came from the basques.
basquish: pertaining to the country, people, or language of biscay; basque
bass: of bass-an edible, spiny-finned fish, esp. of the genera roccus, labrax, and related genera. there are many species.-the two american fresh-water species of black bass (genus micropterus). see black bass.-species of serranus, the sea bass and rock bass. see sea bass.-the southern, red, or channel bass (sciaena ocellata). see redfish.-the linden or lime tree, sometimes wrongly called whitewood; also, its bark, which is used for making mats. see bast.-a hassock or thick mat.-a bass, or deep, sound or tone.-the lowest part in a musical composition.-one who sings, or the instrument which plays, bass.-deep or grave in tone.-to sound in a deep tone.
bass drum: the largest of the different kinds of drums, having two heads, and emitting a deep, grave sound. see bass, a.
bass viol: a stringed instrument of the viol family, used for playing bass. see 3d bass, n., and violoncello.
basset: a game at cards, resembling the modern faro, said to have been invented at venice.-inclined upward; as, the basset edge of strata.-the edge of a geological stratum at the surface of the ground; the outcrop.-to inclined upward so as to appear at the surface; to crop out; as, a vein of coal bassets.
basset horn: an instrument blown with a reed, and resembling a clarinet, but of much greater compass, embracing nearly four octaves.
basset hound: a small kind of hound with a long body and short legs, used as an earth dog.
basseting: of basset-the upward direction of a vein in a mine; the emergence of a stratum at the surface.
bassinet: a wicker basket, with a covering or hood over one end, in which young children are placed as in a cradle.-see bascinet.
basso: the bass or lowest part; as, to sing basso.-one who sings the lowest part.-the double bass, or contrabasso.
bassoon: a wind instrument of the double reed kind, furnished with holes, which are stopped by the fingers, and by keys, as in flutes. it forms the natural bass to the oboe, clarinet, etc.
bassorin: a constituent part of a species of gum from bassora, as also of gum tragacanth and some gum resins. it is one of the amyloses.
basswood: the bass (tilia) or its wood; especially, t. americana. see bass, the lime tree.
bast: the inner fibrous bark of various plants; esp. of the lime tree; hence, matting, cordage, etc., made therefrom.-a thick mat or hassock. see 2d bass, 2.