AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-english-full-a-to-z huggingface dataset:
chaud-medley: the killing of a person in an affray, in the heat of blood, and while under the influence of passion, thus distinguished from chance-medley or killing in self-defense, or in a casual affray.
chauffer: a table stove or small furnace, usually a cylindrical box of sheet iron, with a grate at the bottom, and an open top.
chaunter: a street seller of ballads and other broadsides.-a deceitful, tricky dealer or horse jockey.-the flute of a bagpipe. see chanter, n., 3.
chausses: the garment for the legs and feet and for the body below the waist, worn in europe throughout the middle ages; applied also to the armor for the same parts, when fixible, as of chain mail.
chauvinism: blind and absurd devotion to a fallen leader or an obsolete cause; hence, absurdly vainglorious or exaggerated patriotism.
chaw: to grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food in eating; to chew, as the cud; to champ, as the bit.-to ruminate in thought; to consider; to keep the mind working upon; to brood over.-as much as is put in the mouth at once; a chew; a quid.-the jaw.
chay root: the root of the oldenlandia umbellata, native in india, which yieds a durable red dyestuff.
chazy epoch: an epoch at the close of the canadian period of the american lower silurian system; -- so named from a township in clinton co., new york. see the diagram under geology.
cheap: a bargain; a purchase; cheapness.-having a low price in market; of small cost or price, as compared with the usual price or the real value.-of comparatively small value; common; mean.-cheaply.-to buy; to bargain.
cheapen: to ask the price of; to bid, bargain, or chaffer for.-to beat down the price of; to lessen the value of; to depreciate.
cheat: an act of deception or fraud; that which is the means of fraud or deception; a fraud; a trick; imposition; imposture.-one who cheats or deceives; an impostor; a deceiver; a cheater.-a troublesome grass, growing as a weed in grain fields; -- called also chess. see chess.-the obtaining of property from another by an intentional active distortion of the truth.-to deceive and defraud; to impose upon; to trick; to swindle.-to beguile.-to practice fraud or trickery; as, to cheat at cards.-wheat, or bread made from wheat.
chebacco: a narrow-sterned boat formerly much used in the newfoundland fisheries; -- called also pinkstern and chebec.
chebec: see chebacco.-a small american bird (empidonax minimus); the least flycatcher.
check: a word of warning denoting that the king is in danger; such a menace of a player's king by an adversary's move as would, if it were any other piece, expose it to immediate capture. a king so menaced is said to be in check, and must be made safe at the next move.-a condition of interrupted or impeded progress; arrest; stop; delay; as, to hold an enemy in check.-whatever arrests progress, or limits action; an obstacle, guard, restraint, or rebuff.-a mark, certificate, or token, by which, errors may be prevented, or a thing or person may be identified; as, checks placed against items in an account; a check given for baggage; a return check on a railroad.-a written order directing a bank or banker to pay money as therein stated. see bank check, below.-a woven or painted design in squares resembling the patten of a checkerboard; one of the squares of such a design; also, cloth having such a figure.-the forsaking by a hawk of its proper game to follow other birds.-small chick or crack.-to make a move which puts an adversary's piece, esp. his king, in check; to put in check.-to put a sudden restraint upon; to stop temporarily; to hinder; to repress; to curb.-to verify, to guard, to make secure, by means of a mark, token, or other check; to distinguish by a check; to put a mark against (an item) after comparing with an original or a counterpart in order to secure accuracy; as, to check an account; to check baggage.-to chide, rebuke, or reprove.-to slack or ease off, as a brace which is too stiffly extended.-to make checks or chinks in; to cause to crack; as, the sun checks timber.-to make a stop; to pause; -- with at.-to clash or interfere.-to act as a curb or restraint.-to crack or gape open, as wood in drying; or to crack in small checks, as varnish, paint, etc.-to turn, when in pursuit of proper game, and fly after other birds.-checkered; designed in checks.
checkage: the act of checking; as, the checkage of a name or of an item in a list.-the items, or the amount, to which attention is called by a check or checks.
checker: one who checks.-to mark with small squares like a checkerboard, as by crossing stripes of different colors.-to variegate or diversify with different qualities, colors, scenes, or events; esp., to subject to frequent alternations of prosperity and adversity.-a piece in the game of draughts or checkers.-a pattern in checks; a single check.-checkerwork.
checkerberry: a spicy plant and its bright red berry; the wintergreen (gaultheria procumbens). also incorrectly applied to the partridge berry (mitchella repens).
checkerboard: a board with sixty-four squares of alternate color, used for playing checkers or draughts.
checkered: of checker-marked with alternate squares or checks of different color or material.-diversified or variegated in a marked manner, as in appearance, character, circumstances, etc.
checkers: a game, called also daughts, played on a checkerboard by two persons, each having twelve men (counters or checkers) which are moved diagonally.  the game is ended when either of the players has lost all his men, or can not move them.
checkerwork: work consisting of or showing checkers varied alternately as to colors or materials.-any aggregate of varied vicissitudes.
checkmate: the position in the game of chess when a king is in check and cannot be released, -- which ends the game.-a complete check; utter defeat or overthrow.-to check (an adversary's king) in such a manner that escape in impossible; to defeat (an adversary) by putting his king in check from which there is no escape.-to defeat completely; to terminate; to thwart.
checkrein: a short rein looped over the check hook to prevent a horse from lowering his head; -- called also a bearing rein.-a branch rein connecting the driving rein of one horse of a span or pair with the bit of the other horse.
checkstring: a cord by which a person in a carriage or horse car may signal to the driver.
checky: divided into small alternating squares of two tinctures; -- said of the field or of an armorial bearing.
cheddar: of or pertaining to, or made at, cheddar, in england; as, cheddar cheese.
cheek: the side of the face below the eye.-the cheek bone.-those pieces of a machine, or of any timber, or stone work, which form corresponding sides, or which are similar and in pair; as, the cheeks (jaws) of a vise; the cheeks of a gun carriage, etc.-the branches of a bridle bit.-a section of a flask, so made that it can be moved laterally, to permit the removal of the pattern from the mold; the middle part of a flask.-cool confidence; assurance; impudence.-to be impudent or saucy to.
cheep: to chirp, as a young bird.-to give expression to in a chirping tone.-a chirp, peep, or squeak, as of a young bird or mouse.
cheer: the face; the countenance or its expression.-feeling; spirit; state of mind or heart.-gayety; mirth; cheerfulness; animation.-that which promotes good spirits or cheerfulness; provisions prepared for a feast; entertainment; as, a table loaded with good cheer.-a shout, hurrah, or acclamation, expressing joy enthusiasm, applause, favor, etc.-to cause to rejoice; to gladden; to make cheerful; -- often with up.-to infuse life, courage, animation, or hope, into; to inspirit; to solace or comfort.-to salute or applaud with cheers; to urge on by cheers; as, to cheer hounds in a chase.-to grow cheerful; to become gladsome or joyous; -- usually with up.-to be in any state or temper of mind.-to utter a shout or shouts of applause, triumph, etc.
cheerful: having or showing good spirits or joy; cheering; cheery; contented; happy; joyful; lively; animated; willing.
cheerry: cheerful; lively; gay; bright; pleasant; as, a cheery person.
cheese: the curd of milk, coagulated usually with rennet, separated from the whey, and pressed into a solid mass in a hoop or mold.-a mass of pomace, or ground apples, pressed together in the form of a cheese.-the flat, circular, mucilaginous fruit of the dwarf mallow (malva rotundifolia).-a low courtesy; -- so called on account of the cheese form assumed by a woman's dress when she stoops after extending the skirts by a rapid gyration.
cheeseparing: a thin portion of the rind of a cheese.-scrimping; mean; as, cheeseparing economy.
cheetah: a species of leopard (cynaelurus jubatus) tamed and used for hunting in india. the woolly cheetah of south africa is c. laneus.
chef: a chief of head person.-the head cook of large establishment, as a club, a family, etc.-same as chief.
chef-d'oeuvre: a masterpiece; a capital work in art, literature, etc.
cheiloplasty: the process of forming an artificial tip or part of a lip, by using for the purpose a piece of healthy tissue taken from some neighboring part.
cheiroptera: an order of mammalia, including the bats, having four toes of each of the anterior limbs elongated and connected by a web, so that they can be used like wings in flying. see bat.
cheiropterygium: the typical pentadactyloid limb of the higher vertebrates.
cheirotherium: a genus of extinct animals, so named from fossil footprints rudely resembling impressions of the human hand, and believed to have been made by labyrinthodont reptiles. see illustration in appendix.
chelerythrine: an alkaloidal principle obtained from the celandine, and named from the red color of its salts. it is a colorless crystalline substance, and acts as an acrid narcotic poison. it is identical with sanguinarine.
chelicera: one of the anterior pair of mouth organs, terminated by a pincherlike claw, in scorpions and allied arachnida. they are homologous with the falcers of spiders, and probably with the mandibles of insects.
chelidonius: a small stone taken from the gizzard of a young swallow. -- anciently worn as a medicinal charm.
cheliform: having a movable joint or finger closing against a preceding joint or a projecting part of it, so that the whole may be used for grasping, as the claw of a crab; pincherlike.
chelone: a genus of hardy perennial flowering plants, of the order scrophulariaceae, natives of north america; -- called also snakehead, turtlehead, shellflower, etc.
chelonia: an order of reptiles, including the tortoises and turtles, peculiar in having a part of the vertebrae, ribs, and sternum united with the dermal plates so as to form a firm shell. the jaws are covered by a horny beak. see reptilia; also, illust. in appendix.
chelonian: of or pertaining to animals of the tortoise kind.-one of the chelonia.
chelura: a genus of marine amphipod crustacea, which bore into and sometimes destroy timber.
chemic: a chemist; an alchemist.-a solution of chloride of lime.-chemical.
chemical: pertaining to chemistry; characterized or produced by the forces and operations of chemistry; employed in the processes of chemistry; as, chemical changes; chemical combinations.-a substance used for producing a chemical effect; a reagent.
chemiloon: a garment for women, consisting of chemise and drawers united in one.
chemise: a shift, or undergarment, worn by women.-a wall that lines the face of a bank or earthwork.
chemisette: an under-garment, worn by women, usually covering the neck, shoulders, and breast.
chemism: the force exerted between the atoms of elementary substance whereby they unite to form chemical compounds; chemical attaction; affinity; -- sometimes used as a general expression for chemical activity or relationship.
chemist: a person versed in chemistry or given to chemical investigation; an analyst; a maker or seller of chemicals or drugs.
chemistry: that branch of science which treats of the composition of substances, and of the changes which they undergo in consequence of alterations in the constitution of the molecules, which depend upon variations of the number, kind, or mode of arrangement, of the constituent atoms. these atoms are not assumed to be indivisible, but merely the finest grade of subdivision hitherto attained. chemistry deals with the changes in the composition and constitution of molecules. see atom, molecule.-an application of chemical theory and method to the consideration of some particular subject; as, the chemistry of iron; the chemistry of indigo.-a treatise on chemistry.
chemitype: one of a number of processes by which an impression from an engraved plate is obtained in relief, to be used for printing on an ordinary printing press.
chemolysis: a term sometimes applied to the decomposition of organic substance into more simple bodies, by the use of chemical agents alone.
chemung period: a subdivision in the upper part of the devonian system in america, so named from the chemung river, along which the rocks are well developed. it includes the portage and chemung groups or epochs. see the diagram under geology.
chenille: tufted cord, of silk or worsted, for the trimming of ladies' dresses, for embroidery and fringes, and for the weft of chenille rugs.
chenomorphae: an order of birds, including the swans, ducks, geese, flamingoes and screamers.
cherimoyer: a small downy-leaved tree (anona cherimolia), with fragrant flowers. it is a native of peru.-its delicious fruit, which is succulent, dark purple, and similar to the custard apple of the west indies.
cherish: to treat with tenderness and affection; to nurture with care; to protect and aid.-to hold dear; to embrace with interest; to indulge; to encourage; to foster; to promote; as, to cherish religious principle.
cherokees: an appalachian tribe of indians, formerly inhabiting the region about the head waters of the tennessee river. they are now mostly settled in the indian territory, and have become one of the most civilized of the indian tribes.
cheroot: a kind of cigar, originally brought from mania, in the philippine islands; now often made of inferior or adulterated tobacco.
cherry: a tree or shrub of the genus prunus (which also includes the plum) bearing a fleshy drupe with a bony stone;-the common garden cherry (prunus cerasus), of which several hundred varieties are cultivated for the fruit, some of which are, the begarreau, blackheart, black tartarian, oxheart, morelle or morello, may-duke (corrupted from medoc in france).-the wild cherry; as, prunus serotina (wild black cherry), valued for its timber; p. virginiana (choke cherry), an american shrub which bears astringent fruit; p. avium and p. padus, european trees (bird cherry).-the fruit of the cherry tree, a drupe of various colors and flavors.-the timber of the cherry tree, esp. of the black cherry, used in cabinetmaking, etc.-a peculiar shade of red, like that of a cherry.-like a red cherry in color; ruddy; blooming; as, a cherry lip; cherry cheeks.
chersonese: a peninsula; a tract of land nearly surrounded by water, but united to a larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as, the cimbric chersonese, or jutland; the tauric chersonese, or crimea.
chert: an impure, massive, flintlike quartz or hornstone, of a dull color.
cherub: a mysterious composite being, the winged footstool and chariot of the almighty, described in ezekiel i. and x.-a symbolical winged figure of unknown form used in connection with the mercy seat of the jewish ark and temple.-one of a order of angels, variously represented in art. in european painting the cherubim have been shown as blue, to denote knowledge, as distinguished from the seraphim (see seraph), and in later art the children's heads with wings are generally called cherubs.-a beautiful child; -- so called because artists have represented cherubs as beautiful children.
cherubim: of cherub-the hebrew plural of cherub.. cf. seraphim.
cherup: to make a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to chirp. see chirrup.-to excite or urge on by making a short, shrill, cheerful sound; to cherup to. see chirrup.-a short, sharp, cheerful noise; a chirp; a chirrup; as, the cherup of a cricket.
chervil: a plant (anthriscus cerefolium) with pinnately divided aromatic leaves, of which several curled varieties are used in soups and salads.
chess: a game played on a chessboard, by two persons, with two differently colored sets of men, sixteen in each set. each player has a king, a queen, two bishops, two knights, two castles or rooks, and eight pawns.-a species of brome grass (bromus secalinus) which is a troublesome weed in wheat fields, and is often erroneously regarded as degenerate or changed wheat; it bears a very slight resemblance to oats, and if reaped and ground up with wheat, so as to be used for food, is said to produce narcotic effects; -- called also cheat and willard's bromus.
chessboard: the board used in the game of chess, having eight rows of alternate light and dark squares, eight in each row. see checkerboard.
chesses: the platforms, consisting of two or more planks doweled together, for the flooring of a temporary military bridge.
chesstree: a piece of oak bolted perpendicularly on the side of a vessel, to aid in drawing down and securing the clew of the mainsail.
chessy copper: the mineral azurite, found in fine crystallization at chessy, near lyons; called also chessylite.
chest: a large box of wood, or other material, having, like a trunk, a lid, but no covering of skin, leather, or cloth.-a coffin.-the part of the body inclosed by the ribs and breastbone; the thorax.-a case in which certain goods, as tea, opium, etc., are transported; hence, the quantity which such a case contains.-a tight receptacle or box, usually for holding gas, steam, liquids, etc.; as, the steam chest of an engine; the wind chest of an organ.-to deposit in a chest; to hoard.-to place in a coffin.-strife; contention; controversy.
chest founder: a rheumatic affection of the muscles of the breast and fore legs of a horse, affecting motion and respiration.
chested: of chest-having (such) a chest; -- in composition; as, broad-chested; narrow-chested.
chesterlite: a variety of feldspar found in crystals in the county of chester, pennsylvania.
chestnut: the edible nut of a forest tree (castanea vesca) of europe and america. commonly two or more of the nuts grow in a prickly bur.-the tree itself, or its light, coarse-grained timber, used for ornamental work, furniture, etc.-a bright brown color, like that of the nut.-the horse chestnut (often so used in england).-one of the round, or oval, horny plates on the inner sides of the legs of the horse, and allied animals.-an old joke or story.-of the color of a chestnut; of a reddish brown color; as, chestnut curls.
chetvert: a measure of grain equal to 0.7218 of an imperial quarter, or 5.95 winchester bushels.
cheval-de-frise: a piece of timber or an iron barrel traversed with iron-pointed spikes or spears, five or six feet long, used to defend a passage, stop a breach, or impede the advance of cavalry, etc.
chevalier: a horseman; a knight; a gallant young man.-a member of certain orders of knighthood.
cheve: to come to an issue; to turn out; to succeed; as, to cheve well in a enterprise.
cheveril: soft leather made of kid skin. fig.: used as a symbol of flexibility.-made of cheveril; pliant.
chevet: the extreme end of the chancel or choir; properly the round or polygonal part.
cheviot: a valuable breed of mountain sheep in scotland, which takes its name from the cheviot hills.-a woolen fabric, for men's clothing.
chevisance: achievement; deed; performance.-a bargain; profit; gain.-a making of contracts.-a bargain or contract; an agreement about a matter in dispute, such as a debt; a business compact.-an unlawful agreement or contract.
chevron: one of the nine honorable ordinaries, consisting of two broad bands of the width of the bar, issuing, respectively from the dexter and sinister bases of the field and conjoined at its center.-a distinguishing mark, above the elbow, on the sleeve of a non-commissioned officer's coat.-a zigzag molding, or group of moldings, common in norman architecture.
chevroned: having a chevron; decorated with an ornamental figure of a zigzag from.
chevronwise: in the manner of a chevron; as, the field may be divided chevronwise.
chevrotain: a small ruminant of the family tragulidae a allied to the musk deer. it inhabits africa and the east indies. see kanchil.
chew: to bite and grind with the teeth; to masticate.-to ruminate mentally; to meditate on.-to perform the action of biting and grinding with the teeth; to ruminate; to meditate.-that which is chewed; that which is held in the mouth at once; a cud.
chewink: an american bird (pipilo erythrophthalmus) of the finch family, so called from its note; -- called also towhee bunting and ground robin.
cheyennes: a warlike tribe of indians, related to the blackfeet, formerly inhabiting the region of wyoming, but now mostly on reservations in the indian territory. they are noted for their horsemanship.
chiaro-oscuro: the arrangement of light and dark parts in a work of art, such as a drawing or painting, whether in monochrome or in color.-the art or practice of so arranging the light and dark parts as to produce a harmonious effect. cf. clair-obscur.
chiaroscurist: a painter who cares for and studies light and shade rather than color.
chiasma: a commissure; especially, the optic commissure, or crucial union of the optic nerves.
chiasmus: an inversion of the order of words or phrases, when repeated or subsequently referred to in a sentence
chiastolite: a variety of andalusite; -- called also macle. the tessellated appearance of a cross section is due to the symmetrical arrangement of impurities in the crystal.
chibouk: a turkish pipe, usually with a mouthpiece of amber, a stem, four or five feet long and not pliant, of some valuable wood, and a bowl of baked clay.
chica: a red coloring matter. extracted from the bignonia chica, used by some tribes of south american indians to stain the skin.-a fermented liquor or beer made in south american from a decoction of maize.-a popular moorish, spanish, and south american dance, said to be the original of the fandango, etc.
chicane: the use of artful subterfuge, designed to draw away attention from the merits of a case or question; -- specifically applied to legal proceedings; trickery; chicanery; caviling; sophistry.-to use shifts, cavils, or artifices.
chicanery: mean or unfair artifice to perplex a cause and obscure the truth; stratagem; sharp practice; sophistry.
chichevache: a fabulous cow of enormous size, whose food was patient wives, and which was therefore in very lean condition.
chichling vetch: a leguminous plant (lathyrus sativus), with broad flattened seeds which are sometimes used for food.
chick: to sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate.-a chicken.-a child or young person; -- a term of endearment.
chick-pea: a small leguminous plant (cicer arietinum) of asia, africa, and the south of europe; the chich; the dwarf pea; the gram.-its nutritious seed, used in cookery, and especially, when roasted (parched pulse), as food for travelers in the eastern deserts.
chickabiddy: a chicken; a fowl; also, a trivial term of endearment for a child.
chickadee: a small bird, the blackcap titmouse (parus atricapillus), of north america; -- named from its note.
chickaree: the american red squirrel (sciurus hudsonius); -- so called from its cry.
chickasaws: a tribe of north american indians (southern appalachian) allied to the choctaws. they formerly occupied the northern part of alabama and mississippi, but now live in the indian territory.
chicken: a young bird or fowl, esp. a young barnyard fowl.-a young person; a child; esp. a young woman; a maiden.
chicken pox: a mild, eruptive disease, generally attacking children only; varicella.
chicken-breasted: having a narrow, projecting chest, caused by forward curvature of the vertebral column.
chickweed: the name of several caryophyllaceous weeds, especially stellaria media, the seeds and flower buds of which are a favorite food of small birds.
chicky: a chicken; -- used as a diminutive or pet name, especially in calling fowls.