AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
swammerdam: Dutch naturalist and microscopist who proposed a classification of insects and who was among the first to recognize cells in animals and was the first to see red blood cells (1637-1680)
swanson: United States actress in many silent films (1899-1983)
swedenborg: Swedish theologian (1688-1772)
sweet: English phonetician; one of the founders of modern phonetics (1845-1912)
swift: an English satirist born in Ireland (1667-1745)
swift: United States meat-packer who began the use of refrigerated railroad cars (1839-1903)
swinburne: English poet (1837-1909)
sydenham: English physician (1624-1689)
sylvester ii: French pope from 999 to 1003 who was noted for his great learning (945-1003)
symonds: English writer (1840-1893)
symons: English poet (1865-1945)
synge: Irish poet and playwright whose plays are based on rural Irish life (1871-1909)
szell: United States conductor (born in Hungary) (1897-1970)
szent-gyorgyi: United States biochemist (born in Hungary) who was the first to isolate vitamin C (1893-1986)
szilard: United States physicist and molecular biologist who helped develop the first atom bomb and later opposed the use of all nuclear weapons (1898-1964)
tacitus: Roman historian who wrote major works on the history of the Roman Empire (56-120)
taft: 27th President of the United States and later chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1857-1930)
taft: United States sculptor (1860-1936)
tagore: Indian writer and philosopher whose poetry (based on traditional Hindu themes) pioneered the use of colloquial Bengali (1861-1941)
talbot: English inventor and pioneer in photography who published the first book illustrated with photographs (1800-1877)
tallchief: United States ballerina who promoted American ballet through tours and television appearances (born in 1925)
talleyrand: French statesman (1754-1838)
tallis: English organist and composer of church and secular music; was granted a monopoly in music printing with William Byrd (1505-1585)
tamerlane: Mongolian ruler of Samarkand who led his nomadic hordes to conquer an area from Turkey to Mongolia (1336-1405)
tamm: Russian physicist (1895-1971)
tancred: Norman leader in the First Crusade who played an important role in the capture of Jerusalem (1078-1112)
tandy: United States actress (born in England) who made many stage appearances, often with her husband Hume Cronyn (1909-1994)
taney: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the United States Supreme Court; remembered for his ruling that slaves and their descendants have no rights as citizens (1777-1864)
tange: Japanese architect (born in 1913)
tanguy: United States surrealist painter (born in France) (1900-1955)
tappan: United States abolitionist (1786-1865)
tarantino: United States filmmaker (born in 1963)
tarbell: United States writer remembered for her muckraking investigations into industries in the early 20th century (1857-1944)
tarkovsky: Russian filmmaker (1932-1986)
tarquin: according to legend, the seventh and last Etruscan king of Rome who was expelled for his cruelty (reigned from 534 to 510 BC)
tasman: Dutch navigator who was the first European to discover Tasmania and New Zealand (1603-1659)
tasso: Italian poet who wrote an epic poem about the capture of Jerusalem during the First Crusade (1544-1595)
tate: United States poet and critic (1899-1979)
tati: French filmmaker (1908-1982)
tatum: United States jazz pianist who was almost completely blind; his innovations influenced many other jazz musicians (1910-1956)
tatum: United States biochemist who discovered how genes act by regulating definite chemical events (1909-1975)
tawney: English economist remembered for his studies of the development of capitalism (1880-1962)
taylor: 12th President of the United States; died in office (1784-1850)
taylor: United States film actress (born in England) who was a childhood star; as an adult she often co-starred with Richard Burton (born in 1932)
taylor: United States composer and music critic (1885-1966)
tchaikovsky: important Russian composer whose works are noted for their expressive melodies (1840-1893)
teach: an English pirate who operated in the Caribbean and off the Atlantic coast of North America (died in 1718)
teasdale: United States poet (1884-1933)
tebaldi: Italian operatic soprano (born in 1922)
tecumseh: a famous chief of the Shawnee who tried to unite Indian tribes against the increasing white settlement (1768-1813)
teilhard de chardin: French paleontologist and philosopher (1881-1955)
te kanawa: New Zealand operatic soprano (born in 1944)
telemann: German baroque composer (1681-1767)
teller: United States physicist (born in Hungary) who worked on the first atom bomb and the first hydrogen bomb (1908-2003)
tenniel: English cartoonist (1820-1914)
tennyson: Englishman and Victorian poet (1809-1892)
tenzing norgay: Sherpa mountaineer guide who with Sir Edmund Hillary was one of the first to attain the summit of Mount Everest (1914-1986)
terence: dramatist of ancient Rome (born in Greece) whose comedies were based on works by Menander (190?-159 BC)
teresa: Indian nun and missionary in the Roman Catholic Church (born of Albanian parents in what is now Macedonia); dedicated to helping the poor in India (1910-1997)
teresa of avila: Spanish mystic and religious reformer; author of religious classics and a Christian saint (1515-1582)
tereshkova: Soviet cosmonaut who was the first woman in space (born in 1937)
terry: English actress (1847-1928)
tertullian: Carthaginian theologian whose writing influenced early Christian theology (160-230)
tesla: United States electrical engineer and inventor (born in Croatia but of Serbian descent) who discovered the principles of alternating currents and developed the first alternating-current induction motor and the Tesla coil and several forms of oscillators (1856-1943)
thackeray: English writer (born in India) (1811-1863)
thales: a presocratic Greek philosopher and astronomer (who predicted an eclipse in 585 BC) who was said by Aristotle to be the founder of physical science; he held that all things originated in water (624-546 BC)
tharp: innovative United States dancer and choreographer (born in 1941)
thatcher: British stateswoman; first woman to serve as Prime Minister (born in 1925)
themistocles: Athenian statesman who persuaded Athens to build a navy and then led it to victory over the Persians (527-460 BC)
theodosius: the last emperor of a united Roman Empire, he took control of the eastern empire and ended the war with the Visigoths; he became a Christian and in 391 banned all forms of pagan worship (346-395)
theophrastus: Greek philosopher who was a student of Aristotle and who succeeded Aristotle as the leader of the Peripatetics (371-287 BC)
thespis: Greek poet who is said to have originated Greek tragedy (sixth century BC)
thomas: the Apostle who would not believe the resurrection of Jesus until he saw Jesus with his own eyes
thomas: Welsh poet (1914-1953)
thomas: a radio broadcast journalist during World War I and World War II noted for his nightly new broadcast (1892-1981)
thomas: United States socialist who was a candidate for president six times (1884-1968)
thomas: United States clockmaker who introduced mass production (1785-1859)
thompson: English physicist (born in America) who studied heat and friction; experiments convinced him that heat is caused by moving particles (1753-1814)
thompson: United States classical archaeologist (born in Canada) noted for leading the excavation of the Athenian agora (1906-2000)
thomson: English physicist who experimented with the conduction of electricity through gases and who discovered the electron and determined its charge and mass (1856-1940)
thomson: English physicist (son of Joseph John Thomson) who was a co-discoverer of the diffraction of electrons by crystals (1892-1975)
thomson: United States electrical engineer (born in England) who in 1892 formed a company with Thomas Edison (1853-1937)
thomson: United States composer who collaborated with Gertrude Stein (1896-1989)
thoreau: United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)
thorndike: United States educational psychologist (1874-1949)
thorndike: English actress (1882-1976)
thornton: American architect (1759-1828)
thorpe: outstanding United States athlete (1888-1953)
thucydides: ancient Greek historian remembered for his history of the Peloponnesian War (460-395 BC)
thurber: United States humorist and cartoonist who published collections of essays and stories (1894-1961)
tiberius: son-in-law of Augustus who became a suspicious tyrannical Emperor of Rome after a brilliant military career (42 BC to AD 37)
tiepolo: Italian painter (1696-1770)
tiffany: United States artist who developed Tiffany glass (1848-1933)
tilden: United States tennis player who dominated men's tennis in the 1920s (1893-1953)
tillich: United States theologian (born in Germany) (1886-1965)
timothy: a disciple of Saint Paul who became the leader of the Christian community at Ephesus
tinbergen: Dutch economist noted for his work in econometrics (1903-1994)
tinbergen: Dutch zoologist who showed that much animal behavior is innate and stereotyped (1907-1988)
tintoretto: Italian painter of the Venetian school (1518-1594)
tirso de molina: Spanish dramatist who wrote the first dramatic treatment of the legend of Don Juan (1571-1648)
titian: old master of the Venetian school (1490-1576)
tito: Yugoslav statesman who led the resistance to German occupation during World War II and established a communist state after the war (1892-1980)
titus: Emperor of Rome; son of Vespasian (39-81)
titus: a Greek disciple and helper of Saint Paul
tobey: United States abstract painter influenced by oriental calligraphy (1890-1976)
tobin: United States economist (1918-2002)
tocqueville: French political writer noted for his analysis of American institutions (1805-1859)
todd: Scottish chemist noted for his research into the structure of nucleic acids (born in 1907)
tojo: Japanese army officer who initiated the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and who assumed dictatorial control of Japan during World War II; he was subsequently tried and executed as a war criminal (1884-1948)
toklas: United States writer remembered as the secretary and companion of Gertrude Stein (1877-1967)
tolkien: British philologist and writer of fantasies (born in South Africa) (1892-1973)
tolstoy: Russian author remembered for two great novels (1828-1910)
tombaugh: United States astronomer who discovered the planet Pluto (1906-1997)
tonegawa susumu: Japanese molecular biologist noted for his studies of how the immune system produces antibodies (born in 1939)
torquemada: the Spaniard who as Grand Inquisitor was responsible for the death of thousands of Jews and suspected witches during the Spanish Inquisition (1420-1498)
torricelli: Italian physicist who invented the mercury barometer (1608-1647)
toscanini: Italian conductor of many orchestras worldwide (1867-1957)
toulouse-lautrec: French painter who portrayed life in the cafes and music halls of Montmartre (1864-1901)
tourette: French neurologist (1857-1904)
town: United States architect who was noted for his design and construction of truss bridges (1784-1844)
townes: United States physicist who developed the laser and maser principles for producing high-intensity radiation (1915-)
townsend: United States social reformer who proposed an old-age pension sponsored by the federal government; his plan was a precursor to Social Security (1867-1960)
toynbee: English historian who studied the rise and fall of civilizations looking for cyclical patterns (1889-1975)
tracy: United States film actor who appeared in many films with Katharine Hepburn (1900-1967)
tradescant: English botanist who was one of the first to collect specimens of plants (1570-1638)
trajan: Roman Emperor and adoptive son of Nerva; extended the Roman Empire to the east and conducted an extensive program of building (53-117)
traubel: United States operatic soprano (1903-1972)
tree: English actor and theatrical producer noted for his lavish productions of Shakespeare (1853-1917)
trevelyan: English historian who wrote a history of the American revolution and a biography of his uncle Lord Macaulay (1838-1928)
trevelyan: English historian and son of Sir George Otto Trevelyan whose works include a social history of England and a biography of Garibaldi (1876-1962)
trevino: United States golfer (born in 1939)
trevithick: English engineer who built the first railway locomotive (1771-1833)
trilling: United States literary critic (1905-1975)
trollope: English writer of novels (1815-1882)
trotsky: Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army; he was ousted from the Communist Party by Stalin and eventually assassinated in Mexico (1879-1940)
truffaut: French filmmaker (1932-1984)
truman: elected vice president in Roosevelt's 4th term; became 33rd President of the United States on Roosevelt's death in 1945 and was elected President in 1948; authorized the use of atomic bombs against Japan (1884-1972)
trumbo: United States screenwriter who was blacklisted and imprisoned for refusing to cooperate with congressional investigations of communism in America (1905-1976)
trumbull: American satirical poet (1750-1831)
trumbull: American painter of historical scenes (1756-1843)
trumbull: American Revolutionary leader who as governor of Connecticut provided supplies for the Continental Army (1710-1785)
truth: United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women (1797-1883)
tubman: United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North (1820-1913)
tuchman: United States historian (1912-1989)
tucker: United States vaudevillian (born in Russia) noted for her flamboyant performances (1884-1966)
tucker: United States anarchist influential before World War I (1854-1939)
tudor: United States dancer and choreographer (born in England) (1909-1987)
tunney: United States prizefighter who won the world heavyweight championship by defeating Jack Dempsey twice (1898-1978)
turgenev: Russian writer of stories and novels and plays (1818-1883)
turgot: French economist who in 1774 was put in control of finances by Louis XVI; his proposals for reforms that involved abolishing feudal privileges made him unpopular with the aristocracy and in 1776 he was dismissed (1727-1781)
turing: English mathematician who conceived of the Turing machine and broke German codes during World War II (1912-1954)
turner: United States historian who stressed the role of the western frontier in American history (1861-1951)
turner: English landscape painter whose treatment of light and color influenced the French impressionists (1775-1851)
turner: United States endocrinologist (1892-1970)
turner: United States slave and insurrectionist who in 1831 led a rebellion of slaves in Virginia; he was captured and executed (1800-1831)
turpin: English highwayman (1706-1739)
tussaud: French modeler (resident in England after 1802) who made wax death masks of prominent victims of the French Revolution and toured Britain with her wax models; in 1835 she opened a permanent waxworks exhibition in London (1761-1850)
tutankhamen: Pharaoh of Egypt around 1358 BC; his tomb was discovered almost intact by Howard Carter in 1922
tutu: South African prelate and leader of the antiapartheid struggle (born in 1931)
tyler: elected vice president and became the 10th President of the United States when Harrison died (1790-1862)
tyndale: English translator and Protestant martyr; his translation of the Bible into English (which later formed the basis for the King James Version) aroused ecclesiastical opposition; he left England in 1524 and was burned at the stake in Antwerp as a heretic (1494-1536)
tyndall: British physicist (born in Ireland) remembered for his experiments on the transparency of gases and the absorption of radiant heat by gases and the transmission of sound through the atmosphere; he was the first person to explain why the daylight sky is blue (1820-1893)
tyson: United States prizefighter who was world heavyweight champion (born in 1966)
tzara: French poet (born in Romania) who was one of the cofounders of the dada movement (1896-1963)
uhland: German romantic poet (1787-1862)
ulanova: Russian ballet dancer (1910-1998)
ulfilas: a Christian believed to be of Cappadocian descent who became bishop of the Visigoths in 341 and translated the Bible from Greek into Gothic; traditionally held to have invented the Gothic alphabet (311-382)
undset: Norwegian novelist (1882-1949)
untermeyer: United States writer (1885-1977)
updike: United States author (born 1932)
upjohn: United States architect (born in England) (1802-1878)
urban ii: French pope from 1088 to 1099 whose sermons called for the First Crusade (1042-1099)
urban v: French pope from 1362 to 1370 who tried to reestablish the papacy in Rome but in 1367 returned to Avignon hoping to end the war between France and England; canonized in 1870 (1310-1370)
urban vi: Italian pope from 1378 to 1389 whose contested election began the Great Schism; he alienated his political allies by his ruthless treatment of his opponents (1318-1389)
urban viii: Italian pope from 1623 to 1644 who sanctioned the condemnation of Galileo but later freed him (1568-1644)
urey: United States chemist who discovered deuterium (1893-1981)
uriah: (Old Testament) the husband of Bathsheba and a soldier who was sent to die in battle so that king David could marry his wife (circa 10th century BC)
ussher: Irish prelate who deduced from the Bible that Creation occurred in the year 4004 BC (1581-1656)
ustinov: British actor and playwright (1921-2004)
utrillo: French painter noted for his paintings of Parisian street scenes (1883-1955)
van allen: United States physicist who discovered two belts of charged particles from the solar wind trapped by the Earth's magnetic field (born in 1914)
vanbrugh: English architect (1664-1726)
van buren: 8th President of the United States (1782-1862)
vancouver: English navigator remembered for his exploration of the Pacific coast of North America (1757-1798)
van de graaff: United States physicist (1901-1967)
vanderbilt: United States financier who accumulated great wealth from railroad and shipping businesses (1794-1877)
van der waals: Dutch physicist (1837-1923)
van de velde: Belgian architect (1863-1957)
van doren: United States writer and literary critic (1885-1950)
vandyke: Flemish painter of numerous portraits (1599-1641)
van gogh: Dutch Post-impressionist painter noted for his use of color (1853-1890)
van vleck: United States physicist (1899-1980)
vanzetti: United States anarchist (born in Italy) who with Nicola Sacco was convicted of murder and in spite of world-wide protest was executed (1888-1927)
varese: United States composer (born in France) whose music combines dissonance with complex rhythms and the use of electronic techniques (1883-1965)
vargas: Brazilian statesman who ruled Brazil as a virtual dictator (1883-1954)
vargas llosa: Peruvian writer (born in 1936)
varro: Roman scholar (116-27 BC)
vasarely: French painter (born in Hungary) who was a pioneer of op art (1908-1997)
vasari: Italian painter and art historian (1511-1574)
vaughan: United States jazz singer noted for her complex bebop phrasing and scat singing (1924-1990)
vaughan williams: English composer influenced by folk tunes and music of the Tudor period (1872-1958)
vaux: United States landscape architect (born in England) who designed Central Park (1824-1895)
veblen: United States mathematician (1880-1960)
veblen: United States economist who wrote about conspicuous consumption (1857-1929)
vega: prolific Spanish playwright (1562-1635)
velazquez: Spanish painter (1599-1660)
venn: English logician who introduced Venn diagrams (1834-1923)
ventner: United States geneticist who published the complete base sequences for all the genes of a free-living organism, the influenza bacterium; later led team that developed a first draft of the entire human genome (born in 1946)
venturi: United States architect (born in 1925)
verdi: Italian operatic composer (1813-1901)
verlaine: French symbolist poet (1844-1896)
vermeer: Dutch painter renowned for his use of light (1632-1675)
verne: French writer who is considered the father of science fiction (1828-1905)
verner: Danish philologist (1846-1896)
vernier: French mathematician who described the vernier scale (1580-1637)
veronese: Italian painter of the Venetian school (1528-1588)
verrazano: Florentine navigator who explored the eastern coast of North America (circa 1485-1528)
versace: Italian fashion designer (1946-1997)
verwoerd: South African statesman who instituted the policy of apartheid (1901-1966)
vesalius: a Flemish surgeon who is considered the father of modern anatomy (1514-1564)
vesey: United States freed slave and insurrectionist in South Carolina who was involved in planning an uprising of slaves and was hanged (1767-1822)
vespasian: Emperor of Rome and founder of the Flavian dynasty who consolidated Roman rule in Germany and Britain and reformed the army and brought prosperity to the empire; began the construction of the Colosseum (9-79)
vespucci: Florentine navigator who explored the coast of South America; America was named in his honor (1454-1512)
vestris: Italian dancing-master for Louis XVI who was considered the greatest dancer of his day; he was the first to discard the mask in mime (1729-1808)
victor emanuel ii: king of Italy who completed the unification of Italy by acquiring Venice and Rome (1820-1878)
victor emanuel iii: king of Italy who appointed Mussolini prime minister; he abdicated in 1946 and the monarchy was abolished (1869-1947)
victoria: queen of Great Britain and Ireland and empress of India from 1837 to 1901; the last Hanoverian ruler of England (1819-1901)
vidal: United States writer (born in 1925)
vigee-lebrun: French painter noted for her portraits (1755-1842)
villa: Mexican revolutionary leader (1877-1923)
villa-lobos: Brazilian composer (1887-1959)
villard: United States railroad magnate and businessman (1835-1900)
villon: French poet (flourished around 1460)
vinogradoff: British historian (born in Russia) (1854-1925)
vinson: United States jurist who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court (1890-1953)
virchow: German pathologist who recognized that all cells come from cells by binary fission and who emphasized cellular abnormalities in disease (1821-1902)
virgil: a Roman poet; author of the epic poem `Aeneid' (70-19 BC)
visconti: Italian filmmaker (1906-1976)
vitus: Christian martyr and patron of those who suffer from epilepsy and Sydenham's chorea (died around 300)
vivaldi: Italian baroque composer and violinist (1675-1741)
vizcaino: Spanish explorer who was the first European to explore the California coast (1550-1615)
vlaminck: French painter and exponent of fauvism (1876-1958)
volta: Italian physicist after whom the volt is named; studied electric currents and invented the voltaic pile (1745-1827)
voltaire: French writer who was the embodiment of 18th century Enlightenment (1694-1778)
vonnegut: United States writer whose novels and short stories are a mixture of realism and satire and science fiction (born in 1922)
von neumann: United States mathematician who contributed to the development of atom bombs and of stored-program digital computers (1903-1957)
von sternberg: United States film maker (born in Austria) whose films made Marlene Dietrich an international star (1894-1969)
voznesenski: Russian poet (born in 1933)
vuillard: French painter (1868-1940)
wade: English tennis player who won many women's singles titles (born in 1945)
wagner: German composer of operas and inventor of the musical drama in which drama and spectacle and music are fused (1813-1883)
wagner: Austrian architect and pioneer of modern architecture (1841-1918)
wain: English writer (1925-1994)
waite: United States jurist who was appointed chief justice of the United States Supreme Court in 1874 by President Grant (1816-1888)
wajda: Polish filmmaker (born in 1929)