AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
bird pepper: plant bearing very small and very hot oblong red fruits; includes wild forms native to tropical America; thought to be ancestral to the sweet pepper and many hot peppers
tabasco pepper: plant bearing very hot medium-sized oblong red peppers; grown principally in the Gulf Coast states for production of hot sauce
cestrum: genus of fragrant tropical American shrubs
day jessamine: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped white flowers that are fragrant by day
night jasmine: West Indian evergreen shrub having clusters of funnel-shaped yellow-white flowers that are fragrant by night
cyphomandra: tree tomato
tree tomato: South American arborescent shrub having pale pink blossoms followed by egg-shaped reddish-brown edible fruit somewhat resembling a tomato in flavor
datura: thorn apple
jimsonweed: intensely poisonous tall coarse annual tropical weed having rank-smelling foliage, large white or violet trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly fruits
fabiana: genus of South and Central American heathlike evergreen shrubs
pichi: Peruvian shrub with small pink to lavender tubular flowers; leaves yield a tonic and diuretic
hyoscyamus: genus of poisonous herbs: henbane
henbane: poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine
egyptian henbane: poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine
lycium: deciduous and evergreen shrubs often spiny; cosmopolitan in temperate and subtropical regions
matrimony vine: any of various shrubs or vines of the genus Lycium with showy flowers and bright berries
common matrimony vine: deciduous erect or spreading shrub with spiny branches and violet-purple flowers followed by orange-red berries; southeastern Europe to China
christmasberry: spiny evergreen shrub of southeastern United States having spreading branches usually blue or mauve flowers and red berries
lycopersicon: tomatoes
tomato: native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties
cherry tomato: plant bearing small red to yellow fruit
mandragora: a genus of stemless herbs of the family Solanaceae
mandrake: a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers
mandrake root: the root of the mandrake plant; used medicinally or as a narcotic
nicandra: sturdy annual of Peru
apple of peru: coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry
nicotiana: American and Asiatic aromatic herbs and shrubs with viscid foliage
tobacco: aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs
flowering tobacco: South American ornamental perennial having nocturnally fragrant greenish-white flowers
common tobacco: tall erect South American herb with large ovate leaves and terminal clusters of tubular white or pink flowers; cultivated for its leaves
wild tobacco: tobacco plant of South America and Mexico
tree tobacco: evergreen South American shrub naturalized in United States; occasionally responsible for poisoning livestock
genus nierembergia: genus of tropical American erect or creeping herbs with solitary flowers
cupflower: any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers
whitecup: prostrate woody South American herb with white tubular flowers often tinged with blue or rose
tall cupflower: shrubby Chilean herb having bluish-white tubular flowers used as an ornamental
genus petunia: annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of tropical South America
large white petunia: annual herb having large nocturnally fragrant white flowers
violet-flowered petunia: herb or small shrublet having solitary violet to rose-red flowers
hybrid petunia: hybrids of Petunia axillaris and Petunia integrifolia: a complex group of petunias having single or double flowers in colors from white to purple
physalis: ground cherries
ground cherry: any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers
downy ground cherry: decorative American annual having round fleshy yellow berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk
chinese lantern plant: Old World perennial cultivated for its ornamental inflated papery orange-red calyx
cape gooseberry: annual of tropical South America having edible purple fruits
strawberry tomato: stout hairy annual of eastern North America with sweet yellow fruits
tomatillo: annual of Mexico and southern United States having edible purplish viscid fruit resembling small tomatoes
tomatillo: Mexican annual naturalized in eastern North America having yellow to purple edible fruit resembling small tomatoes
yellow henbane: found on sea beaches from Virginia to South America having greenish-yellow flowers and orange or yellow berries
salpichroa: herbs of temperate North and South America: cock's eggs
cock's eggs: weedy vine of Argentina having solitary white flowers followed by egg-shaped white or yellow fruit
genus salpiglossis: small genus of herbs of the southern Andes having large showy flowers
painted tongue: Chilean herb having velvety funnel-shaped yellowish or violet flowers with long tonguelike styles at the corolla throat
genus schizanthus: Chilean herbs with orchid-like flowers
butterfly flower: any plant of the genus Schizanthus having finely divided leaves and showy variegated flowers
scopolia: genus of European perennial herbs yielding medicinal alkaloids
scopolia carniolica: herb that is a source of scopolamine
solandra: shrubby climbers of tropical America
chalice vine: Mexican evergreen climbing plant having large solitary funnel-shaped fragrant yellow flowers with purple-brown ridges in the throat
streptosolen: one species: marmalade bush
marmalade bush: evergreen South American shrub having showy trumpet-shaped orange flowers; grown as an ornamental or houseplant
verbenaceae: family of New World tropical and subtropical herbs and shrubs and trees
genus verbena: type genus of the Verbenaceae; genus of herbaceous perennials and subshrubs
verbena: any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers
avicennia: small genus of tropical shrubs or trees
avicenniaceae: used in some classifications: coextensive with the genus Avicennia
black mangrove: a mangrove of the West Indies and the southern Florida coast; occurs in dense thickets and has numerous short roots that bend up from the ground
white mangrove: a small to medium-sized tree growing in brackish water especially along the shores of the southwestern Pacific
aegiceras: a genus of herbs of the family Verbenaceae
black mangrove: an Australian tree resembling the black mangrove of the West Indies and Florida
tectona: small genus of southeastern Asian tropics: teak
teak: tall East Indian timber tree now planted in western Africa and tropical America for its hard durable wood
teak: hard strong durable yellowish-brown wood of teak trees; resistant to insects and to warping; used for furniture and in shipbuilding
euphorbiaceae: a family of plants of order Geraniales
euphorbia: type genus of the Euphorbiaceae: very large genus of diverse plants all having milky juice
caper spurge: poisonous Old World spurge; adventive in America; seeds yield a purgative oil
sun spurge: not unattractive European weed whose flowers turn toward the sun
petty spurge: an Old World spurge introduced as a weed in the eastern United States
medusa's head: African dwarf succulent perennial shrub with numerous slender drooping branches
wild spurge: common perennial United States spurge having showy white petallike bracts
snow-on-the-mountain: annual spurge of western United States having showy white-bracted flower clusters and very poisonous milk
cypress spurge: Old World perennial having foliage resembling cypress; naturalized as a weed in the United States
leafy spurge: tall European perennial naturalized and troublesome as a weed in eastern North America
hairy spurge: much-branched hirsute weed native to northeastern North America
poinsettia: tropical American plant having poisonous milk and showy tapering usually scarlet petallike leaves surrounding small yellow flowers
japanese poinsettia: showy poinsettia found from the southern United States to Peru
fire-on-the-mountain: poinsettia of United States and eastern Mexico; often confused with Euphorbia heterophylla
wood spurge: European perennial herb with greenish yellow terminal flower clusters
candelilla: wax-coated shrub of northern Mexico and southwestern United States
dwarf spurge: European erect or depressed annual weedy spurge adventive in northeastern United States
scarlet plume: Mexican shrub often cultivated for its scarlet-bracted flowers
naboom: small tree of dry open parts of southern Africa having erect angled branches suggesting candelabra
crown of thorns: somewhat climbing bushy spurge of Madagascar having long woody spiny stems with few leaves and flowers with scarlet bracts
toothed spurge: an annual weed of northeastern North America with dentate leaves
acalypha: a genus of herbs and shrubs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae
three-seeded mercury: weedy herb of eastern North America
genus croton: tropical shrubs and herbs; source of croton oil
croton: tropical Asiatic shrub; source of croton oil
cascarilla: West Indian shrub with aromatic bark
cascarilla bark: aromatic bark of cascarilla; used as a tonic and for making incense
codiaeum: evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with thick and colorful leathery leaves; Malaya and Pacific islands
croton: grown in many varieties for their brightly colored foliage; widely cultivated as a houseplant
mercurialis: a genus of slender herbs belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae
herb mercury: Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic
dog's mercury: European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers
ricinus: a genus of herb having only one known species: castor-oil plant
castor-oil plant: large shrub of tropical Africa and Asia having large palmate leaves and spiny capsules containing seeds that are the source of castor oil and ricin; widely naturalized throughout the tropics
cnidoscolus: a genus of perennial plant with bristles; belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae
spurge nettle: a stinging herb of tropical America
jatropha: a mainly tropical genus of American plant belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae
physic nut: small tropical American tree yielding purple dye and a tanning extract and bearing physic nuts containing a purgative oil that is poisonous in large quantities
hevea: small genus of South American trees yielding latex rubber trees are usually cultivated in plantations
para rubber tree: deciduous tree of the Amazon and Orinoco Rivers having leathery leaves and fragrant yellow-white flowers; it yields a milky juice that is the chief source of commercial rubber
manihot: genus of economically important tropical plants: cassava
cassava: any of several plants of the genus Manihot having fleshy roots yielding a nutritious starch
bitter cassava: cassava with long tuberous edible roots and soft brittle stems; used especially to make cassiri (an intoxicating drink) and tapioca
cassava: cassava root eaten as a staple food after drying and leaching; source of tapioca
sweet cassava: South American plant with roots used as a vegetable and herbage used for stock feed
aleurites: candlenut
candlenut: large tree native to southeastern Asia; the nuts yield oil used in varnishes; nut kernels strung together are used locally as candles
tung tree: Chinese tree bearing seeds that yield tung oil
pedilanthus: tropical American succulent shrubs
slipper spurge: any of several tropical American shrubby succulent plants resembling cacti but having foot-shaped bracts
candelilla: wax-coated Mexican shrub related to Euphorbia antisyphilitica
jewbush: low tropical American shrub having powerful emetic properties
sebastiana: Mexican spurges
jumping bean: seed of Mexican shrubs of the genus Sebastiana containing the larva of a moth whose movements cause the bean to jerk or tumble
theaceae: a family of trees and shrubs of the order Parietales
genus camellia: tropical Asiatic evergreen shrubs or small trees
camellia: any of several shrubs or small evergreen trees having solitary white or pink or reddish flowers
japonica: greenhouse shrub with glossy green leaves and showy fragrant rose-like flowers; cultivated in many varieties
tea: a tropical evergreen shrub or small tree extensively cultivated in e.g. China and Japan and India; source of tea leaves tea has fragrant white flowers
umbelliferae: plants having flowers in umbels: parsley; carrot; anise; caraway; celery; dill
umbellifer: any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae
aethusa: fool's parsley
fool's parsley: European weed naturalized in America that resembles parsley but causes nausea and poisoning when eaten
anethum: dill
dill: aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning
genus angelica: biennial or perennial herbs of the northern hemisphere; have a taproot
angelica: any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels
garden angelica: a biennial cultivated herb; its stems are candied and eaten and its roots are used medicinally
wild angelica: European herb with compound leaves and white flowers; adventive on Cape Breton Island
anthriscus: chervil: of Europe, North Africa and Asia
chervil: aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads
cow parsley: coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America
apium: celery
wild celery: herb of Europe and temperate Asia
celery: widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked
celeriac: grown for its thickened edible aromatic root
genus astrantia: a genus of Eurasian herbs of the family Umbelliferae with aromatic roots and palmate leaves and showy flowers
astrantia: any plant of the genus Astrantia
greater masterwort: European herb with aromatic roots and leaves in a basal tuft and showy compound umbels of white to rosy flowers
carum: caraway
caraway: a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed
cicuta: small genus of perennial herbs having deadly poisonous tuberous roots: water hemlock
water hemlock: tall erect highly poisonous Eurasiatic perennial herb locally abundant in marshy areas
spotted cowbane: tall biennial water hemlock of northeastern North America having purple-spotted stems and clusters of extremely poisonous tuberous roots resembling small sweet potatoes
conium: small genus of highly toxic biennials: hemlock
hemlock: large branching biennial herb native to Eurasia and Africa and adventive in North America having large fernlike leaves and white flowers; usually found in damp habitats; all parts extremely poisonous
conopodium: a genus of dicotyledonous plants of the family Umbelliferae
earthnut: a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts
coriandrum: small genus of annual Mediterranean herbs
coriander: Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley
cuminum: cumin
cumin: dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds
daucus: carrot
wild carrot: a widely naturalized Eurasian herb with finely cut foliage and white compound umbels of small white or yellowish flowers and thin yellowish roots
carrot: perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions
eryngium: large genus of decorative plants with thistlelike flower heads; cosmopolitan in distribution
eryngo: any plant of the genus Eryngium
sea holly: European evergreen eryngo with twisted spiny leaves naturalized on United States east coast; roots formerly used as an aphrodisiac
button snakeroot: coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master
rattlesnake master: coarse prickly perennial eryngo of United States thought to cure rattlesnake bite
foeniculum: very small genus of aromatic European herbs with pinnately compound leaves and yellow flowers
common fennel: strongly aromatic with a smell of aniseed; leaves and seeds used for seasoning
florence fennel: grown especially for its edible aromatic bulbous stem base
heracleum: widely distributed genus of plants with usually thick rootstocks and large umbels of white flowers
cow parsnip: tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers
levisticum: genus of aromatic European herbs with yellow flowers
lovage: herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds
myrrhis: European perennial herbs having pinnate leaves and umbels of white flowers
sweet cicely: European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers
oenanthe: poisonous herbs: water dropworts
water dropwort: European poisonous herb having tuberous roots, yellow juice that stains the skin, yellow flowers and foliage resembling celery; all parts extremely poisonous
water fennel: European poisonous herb with fibrous roots
pastinaca: a rosid dicot genus of the family Umbelliferae; includes parsnips
parsnip: a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root
wild parsnip: biennial weed in Europe and America having large pinnate leaves and yellow flowers and a bitter and somewhat poisonous root; the ancestor of cultivated parsnip
petroselinum: parsley
parsley: annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves
italian parsley: a variety of parsley having flat leaves
hamburg parsley: parsley with smooth leaves and enlarged edible taproot resembling a savory parsnip
pimpinella: anise
anise: native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery
sanicula: chiefly American herbs: sanicle
sanicle: a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers
footsteps-of-spring: sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow flowers
purple sanicle: sanicle of northwestern United States and British Columbia having yellow or red or purple flowers
european sanicle: sanicle of Europe and Asia having white to pale pink flowers
seseli: a rosid dicot genus that includes moon carrots
moon carrot: any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage
sison: genus including stone parsley
stone parsley: a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds
sium: perennial of wet and marshy places in the northern hemisphere: water parsnips
water parsnip: stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; northern United States and Asia
greater water parsnip: large stout white-flowered perennial found wild in shallow fresh water; Europe
skirret: an Asiatic herb cultivated in Europe for its sweet edible tuberous root
smyrnium: Alexanders
alexander: European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb
cornaceae: a rosid dicot family of the order Umbellales including: genera Aucuba, Cornus, Corokia, Curtisia, Griselinia, Helwingia
aucuba: hardy evergreen dioecious shrubs and small trees from Japan
cornus: a rosid dicot genus of the family Cornaceae including: dogwood; cornel: perennial chiefly deciduous shrubs or small trees of temperate regions of northern hemisphere
dogwood: a tree of shrub of the genus Cornus often having showy bracts resembling flowers
common white dogwood: deciduous tree; celebrated for its large white or pink bracts and stunning autumn color that is followed by red berries
red osier: common North American shrub with reddish purple twigs and white flowers
silky dogwood: shrub of eastern North America closely resembling silky cornel
silky cornel: shrub of eastern North America having purplish stems and blue fruit
common european dogwood: European deciduous shrub turning red in autumn having dull white flowers
bunchberry: creeping perennial herb distinguished by red berries and clustered leaf whorls at the tips of shoots; Greenland to Alaska
cornelian cherry: deciduous European shrub or small tree having bright red fruit
corokia: evergreen shrubs with intricately twisted wiry stems that in summer are smothered in small yellow flowers; grows in New Zealand
curtisia: a large evergreen tree of South Africa
griselinia: evergreen shrubs of New Zealand and South America
puka: South American shrub or small tree having long shining evergreen leaves and panicles of green or yellow flowers
kapuka: small New Zealand broadleaf evergreen tree often cultivated in warm regions as an ornamental
helwingia: deciduous dioecious shrubs native to woodland thickets in low mountains in Japan
valerianaceae: genus of mostly herbs having a characteristic fetid odor
valeriana: genus of widely distributed perennial herbs and some shrubs
common valerian: tall rhizomatous plant having very fragrant flowers and rhizomes used medicinally
valerianella: genus of Old World annual herbs widely naturalized
common corn salad: widely cultivated as a salad crop and pot herb; often a weed
centranthus: genus of southern European herbs and subshrubs
red valerian: European herb with small fragrant crimson or white spurred flowers
cutch: tannin extract derived from any of several mangrove barks of Pacific areas
hymenophyllaceae: terrestrial (hygrophytic) or epiphytic ferns: filmy ferns
hymenophyllum: type genus of the Hymenophyllaceae: filmy ferns
filmy fern: any fern of the genus Hymenophyllum growing in tropical humid regions and having translucent leaves
trichomanes: bristle ferns; kidney ferns
bristle fern: any fern of the genus Trichomanes having large pinnatifid often translucent fronds; most are epiphytic on tree branches and twigs or terrestrial on mossy banks
hare's-foot bristle fern: a variety of bristle fern
killarney fern: large stout fern of extreme western Europe
kidney fern: large fern of New Zealand having kidney-shaped fronds
osmundaceae: large family of ferns widely distributed in temperate and tropical areas
genus osmunda: type genus of the Osmundaceae
flowering fern: any fern of the genus Osmunda: large ferns with creeping rhizomes; naked sporangia are on modified fronds that resemble flower clusters
royal fern: large deeply rooted fern of worldwide distribution with upright bipinnate compound tufted fronds
interrupted fern: North American fern having tall erect pinnate fronds and a few sporogenous pinnae at or near the center of the fertile fronds
cinnamon fern: New World fern having woolly cinnamon-colored spore-bearing fronds in early spring later surrounded by green fronds; the early uncurling fronds are edible
leptopteris: including some ferns sometimes placed in genus Todea
crape fern: New Zealand with pinnate fronds and a densely woolly stalks; sometimes included in genus Todea
todea: a genus of delicate ferns belonging to the family Osmundaceae
crepe fern: fern of rain forests of tropical Australia and New Zealand and South Africa
schizaeaceae: small family of mainly tropical ferns
schizaea: type genus of the Schizaeaceae cosmopolitan especially in tropics; small leptosporangiate ferns: curly grass fern
curly grass: rare small fern of northeastern North America having numerous slender spiraling fronds and forming dense tufts
anemia: genus of terrestrial or lithophytic ferns having pinnatifid fronds; chiefly of tropical America
pine fern: fern of Florida and West Indies and Central America with rhizome densely clad in grown hairs
lygodium: chiefly tropical climbing ferns
creeping fern: delicate fern of the eastern United States having a twining stem and palmately-lobed sterile fronds and forked fertile fronds
climbing maidenhair: tropical fern widespread in Old World; naturalized in Jamaica and Florida
mohria: African terrestrial ferns
scented fern: sweetly scented African fern with narrow bipinnate fronds
aquatic fern: ferns that grow in water