AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
glaucoma: an eye disease that damages the optic nerve and impairs vision (sometimes progressing to blindness) contrary to popular belief, glaucoma is not always caused by elevated intraocular pressure
acute glaucoma: glaucoma in which the iris blocks the outflow of aqueous humor closed-angle glaucoma can cause a rapid buildup of high intraocular pressure that results in permanent visual damage in a couple of days
chronic glaucoma: glaucoma caused by blockage of the canal of Schlemm; produces gradual loss of peripheral vision open-angle glaucoma is the most common type of glaucoma
age-related macular degeneration: macular degeneration that is age-related
leukoma: eye disease consisting of an opaque white spot on the cornea
alveolitis: inflammation in the socket of a tooth; sometimes occurs after a tooth is extracted and a blood clot fails to form
takayasu's arteritis: disorder characterized by the absence of a pulse in both arms and in the carotid arteries
ophthalmia: severe conjunctivitis
farmer's lung: alveolitis caused by an allergic reaction to fungal spores in the dust that is inhaled from moldy hay
anthrax: a highly infectious animal disease (especially cattle and sheep); it can be transmitted to people
aspergillosis: severe respiratory disease of birds that takes the form of an acute rapidly fatal pneumonia in young chickens and turkeys
bagassosis: alveolitis caused by inhaling bagasse (sugarcane dust)
brucellosis: an infectious disease of domestic animals often resulting in spontaneous abortion; transmittable to human beings
bovine spongiform encephalitis: a fatal disease of cattle that affects the central nervous system; causes staggering and agitation
camelpox: a viral disease of camels closely related to smallpox with a little genetic engineering camelpox could be used as a bioweapon
canine chorea: chorea in dogs
cowpox: a viral disease of cattle causing a mild skin disease affecting the udder; formerly used to inoculate humans against smallpox
hemorrhagic septicemia: an acute infectious disease characterized by pneumonia and blood infection
fistulous withers: a chronic inflammation of the withers of a horse
equine distemper: an acute bacterial disease of horses characterized by inflammation of the mucous membranes
foot-and-mouth disease: acute contagious disease of cloven-footed animals marked by ulcers in the mouth and around the hoofs
black disease: a disease of the liver (especially in sheep and cattle) caused by liver flukes and their by-products
heaves: a chronic emphysema of the horse that causes difficult expiration and heaving of the flanks
lyme disease: an acute inflammatory disease characterized by a rash with joint swelling and fever; caused by bacteria carried by the bite of a deer tick
marburg disease: a viral disease of green monkeys caused by the Marburg virus; when transmitted to humans it causes serious or fatal illness
albuminuria: the presence of excessive protein (chiefly albumin but also globulin) in the urine; usually a symptom of kidney disorder
hematocyturia: the presence of red blood cells in the urine
jacquemier's sign: a purplish discoloration of the mucous membrane of the vagina that occurs early in pregnancy
kayser-fleischer ring: a pigmented ring at the outer edge of the cornea of the eye; a symptom of Wilson's disease
kernig's sign: symptom of meningitis; patient cannot extend the leg at the knee when the thigh is flexed because of stiffness in the hamstrings
ketonemia: an abnormal increase of ketone bodies in the blood as in diabetes mellitus
koplik's spots: small red spots with white centers found on the mucous membranes of the mouth and tongue; symptom of measles that appears one or two days before the measles rash appears
fructosuria: the presence of levulose is the urine fructosuria is a harmless condition
hypercalcemia: the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the blood; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or Paget's disease
hypocalcemia: abnormally low level of calcium in the blood; associated with hypoparathyroidism or kidney malfunction or vitamin D deficiency
hypercalciuria: the presence of abnormally high levels of calcium in the urine; usually the result of excessive bone resorption in hyperparathyroidism or osteoporosis
hypercholesterolemia: the presence of an abnormal amount of cholesterol in the cells and plasma of the blood; associated with the risk of atherosclerosis
kaliuresis: the presence of excess potassium in the urine
ketonuria: excessive amounts of ketone bodies in the urine as in diabetes mellitus or starvation
rabies: an acute viral disease of the nervous system of warm-blooded animals (usually transmitted by the bite of a rabid animal); rabies is fatal if the virus reaches the brain
rinderpest: an acute infectious viral disease of cattle (usually fatal); characterized by fever and diarrhea and inflammation of mucous membranes
shipping fever: a deadly form of septicemia in cattle and sheep; involves high fever and pneumonia; contracted under conditions of exposure or exhaustion (as often happens when the animals are shipped to market)
swamp fever: an infectious disease cause by leptospira and transmitted to humans from domestic animals; characterized by jaundice and fever
weil's disease: a severe form of leptospirosis in human beings
loco disease: a disease of livestock caused by locoweed poisoning; characterized by weakness and lack of coordination and trembling and partial paralysis
moon blindness: recurrent eye inflammation in horses; sometimes resulting in blindness
newcastle disease: disease of domestic fowl and other birds
psittacosis: infectious disease of birds
pullorum disease: a serious bacterial disease of young chickens
saddle sore: an open sore on the back of a horse caused by ill-fitting or badly adjusted saddle
staggers: a disease of the central nervous system affecting especially horses and cattle; characterized by an unsteady swaying gait and frequent falling
texas fever: an infectious disease of cattle transmitted by the cattle tick
trembles: disease of livestock and especially cattle poisoned by eating certain kinds of snakeroot
tularemia: a highly infectious disease of rodents (especially rabbits and squirrels) and sometimes transmitted to humans by ticks or flies or by handling infected animals
zoonosis: an animal disease that can be transmitted to humans
blister rust: any of several diseases of pines caused by rust fungi of the genus Cronartium and marked by destructive invasion of bark and sapwood and producing blisters externally
brown rot gummosis: disease of citrus trees caused by the fungus Phytophthora citrophthora
ring rot: disease of tomatoes and potatoes and tobacco etc caused by the bacterium Pseudomonas solanacearum
little potato: rhizoctinia disease of potatoes
sclerotium disease: plant disease cause by fungi of the genus Sclerotium; also one in which sclerotia are formed
dutch elm disease: disease of elms caused by a fungus
wilt: any plant disease characterized by drooping and shriveling; usually caused by parasites attacking the roots
bunt: disease of wheat characterized by replacement of the grains with greasy masses of smelly smut spores
green smut: disease of rice; grains covered by a green powder consisting of conidia
yellow dwarf of potato: the yellow dwarf disease of potato plants
trauma: an emotional wound or shock often having long-lasting effects
injury: any physical damage to the body caused by violence or accident or fracture etc.
abrasion: an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
cut: a wound made by cutting he put a bandage over the cut
bleeding: the flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel
hemorrhagic stroke: stroke caused by the rupture of a blood vessel in the brain
bruise: an injury that doesn't break the skin but results in some discoloration
shiner: a swollen bruise caused by a blow to the eye
scorch: a surface burn
sunburn: redness of the skin caused by exposure to the rays of the sun
tan: a browning of the skin resulting from exposure to the rays of the sun
fracture: breaking of hard tissue such as bone it was a nasty fracture the break seems to have been caused by a fall
compound fracture: bone fracture associated with lacerated soft tissue or an open wound
fatigue fracture: fracture resulting from excessive activity rather than a specific injury
hairline fracture: a fracture without separation of the fragments and the line of the break being very thin
simple fracture: an uncomplicated fracture in which the broken bones to not pierce the skin
frostbite: destruction of tissue by freezing and characterized by tingling, blistering and possibly gangrene
penetrating trauma: injury incurred when an object (as a knife or bullet or shrapnel) penetrates into the body
hernia: rupture in smooth muscle tissue through which a bodily structure protrudes
colpocele: hernia projecting into the vagina
meckel's diverticulum: a congenital diverticulum in the ileum resulting from incomplete closure of the yolk sac
hiatus hernia: hernia resulting from the protrusion of part of the stomach through the diaphragm
herniated disc: a painful rupture of the fibrocartilage of the disc between spinal vertebrae; occurs most often in the lumbar region
cystocele: hernia in which the urinary bladder protrudes through the wall of the vagina; sometimes occurs after childbirth
rectocele: protrusion or herniation of the rectum into the vagina; can occur if pelvic muscles are weakened by childbirth
umbilical hernia: protrusion of the intestine and omentum through a hernia in the abdominal wall near the navel; usually self correcting after birth
sting: a painful wound caused by the thrust of an insect's stinger into skin
whiplash: an injury to the neck (the cervical vertebrae) resulting from rapid acceleration or deceleration (as in an automobile accident)
wale: a raised mark on the skin (as produced by the blow of a whip); characteristic of many allergic reactions
wound: an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)
wrench: a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments the wrench to his knee occurred as he fell he was sidelined with a hamstring pull
trench foot: resembling frostbite but without freezing; resulting from exposure to cold and wet
sign: (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease there were no signs of asphyxiation
vital sign: sign of life; usually an indicator of a person's general physical condition he was still alive but his vital signs were weak
amenorrhea: absence or suppression of normal menstrual flow
chloasma: a tan discoloration of a woman's face that is associated with pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives
acrocyanosis: cyanosis of the extremities; can occur when a spasm of the blood vessels is caused by exposure to cold or by strong emotion
prodrome: an early symptom that a disease is developing or that an attack is about to occur
cervical disc syndrome: an abnormal condition resulting from compression of spinal nerve roots in the neck region; involves neck pains and muscular weakness and paresthesia
chinese restaurant syndrome: headache and tingling or burning feelings and sweating caused by eating food that contains monosodium glutamate
conn's syndrome: disturbances in saltwater balance and symptoms of weakness and muscular cramps and twitching and convulsions and sometimes paralysis; usually caused by a benign tumor of the cortex of the adrenal gland that leads to excess secretion of aldosterone
fetal alcohol syndrome: a congenital medical condition in which body deformation occurs or facial development or mental ability is impaired because the mother drinks alcohol during pregnancy
gulf war syndrome: a medical condition of uncertain origin that affected many veterans of the 1991 Gulf War; characterized by fatigue and headache and dizziness and nausea and rashes and joint pain and respiratory disorders
regional enteritis: a serious chronic and progressive inflammation of the ileum producing frequent bouts of diarrhea with abdominal pain and nausea and fever and weight loss
irritable bowel syndrome: recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea (often alternating with periods of constipation); often associated with emotional stress
klinefelter's syndrome: syndrome in males that is characterized by small testes and long legs and enlarged breasts and reduced sperm production and mental retardation; a genetic defect in which an extra X chromosome (XXY) is present in the male
munchausen's syndrome: syndrome consisting of feigning acute and dramatic illness for which no clinical evidence is ever found
narcolepsy: a sleep disorder characterized by sudden and uncontrollable episodes of deep sleep he believes that narcolepsy is attributable to an inability to suppress REM sleep during waking
nephrotic syndrome: a syndrome characterized by edema and large amounts of protein in the urine and usually increased blood cholesterol; usually associated with glomerulonephritis or with a complication of various systemic diseases
noonan's syndrome: syndrome seen only in males; marked by short stature and lowset ears and subnormal fertility
premenstrual syndrome: a syndrome that occurs in many women from 2 to 14 days before the onset of menstruation
radiation sickness: syndrome resulting from exposure to ionizing radiation (e.g., exposure to radioactive chemicals or to nuclear explosions); low doses cause diarrhea and nausea and vomiting and sometimes loss of hair; greater exposure can cause sterility and cataracts and some forms of cancer and other diseases; severe exposure can cause death within hours he was suffering from radiation
ramsay hunt syndrome: syndrome resulting from infection by the herpes varicella zoster virus; characterized by vertigo and pain in the ears and facial nerve paralysis and sometimes hearing loss
reiter's syndrome: an inflammatory syndrome (etiology unknown) predominantly in males; characterized by arthritis and conjunctivitis and urethritis
restless legs syndrome: feeling of uneasiness and restlessness in the legs after going to bed (sometimes causing insomnia); may be relieved temporarily by walking or moving the legs
reye's syndrome: acquired encephalopathy following acute viral infections (especially influenza or chicken pox) in young children; characterized by fever, vomiting, disorientation, coma, and fatty infiltration of the liver
sudden infant death syndrome: sudden and unexpected death of an apparently healthy infant during sleep
tetany: clinical neurological syndrome characterized by muscular twitching and cramps and (when severe) seizures; associated with calcium deficiency (hypoparathyroidism) or vitamin D deficiency or alkalosis
tietze's syndrome: syndrome characterized by swelling of rib cartilage (causing pain)
tourette's syndrome: neurological disorder characterized by facial grimaces and tics and movements of the upper body and grunts and shouts and coprolalia
effect: a symptom caused by an illness or a drug the effects of sleep loss the effect of the anesthetic
aftereffect: a delayed effect of a drug or therapy the drug had unexpected aftereffects
hairy tongue: a benign side effect of some antibiotics; dark overgrowth of the papillae of the tongue
side effect: a secondary and usually adverse effect of a drug or therapy severe headaches are one of the side effects of the drug
purulence: symptom of being purulent (containing or forming pus)
gangrene: necrotic tissue; a mortified or gangrenous part or mass
dry gangrene: (pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown color
gas gangrene: (pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a bioweapon
hematuria: the presence of blood in the urine; often a symptom of urinary tract disease
hemoglobinuria: presence of hemoglobin in the urine
hemosiderosis: abnormal deposit of hemosiderin; often a symptom of thalassemia or hemochromatosis
sneeze: a symptom consisting of the involuntary expulsion of air from the nose
swelling: an abnormal protuberance or localized enlargement
edema: swelling from excessive accumulation of watery fluid in cells, tissues, or serous cavities
cerebral edema: swelling of the brain due to the uptake of water in the neuropile and white matter
hematocele: swelling caused by blood collecting in a body cavity (especially a swelling of the membrane covering the testis)
hematocolpometra: accumulation of blood in the vagina and uterus
hematocolpos: accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina (usually due to an imperforate hymen)
intumescence: swelling up with blood or other fluids (as with congestion)
oscheocele: swelling of the scrotum
tumidity: slight swelling of an organ or part
cephalhematoma: a collection of blood under the scalp of a newborn; caused by pressure during birth
hematoma: a localized swelling filled with blood
hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn: a common disorder that is usually due to immaturity of the liver; usually subsides spontaneously
hyperglycemia: abnormally high blood sugar usually associated with diabetes
hypoglycemia: abnormally low blood sugar usually resulting from excessive insulin or a poor diet
jaundice: yellowing of the skin and the whites of the eyes caused by an accumulation of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood; can be a symptom of gallstones or liver infection or anemia
jaundice of the newborn: yellowish appearance in newborn infants; usually subsides spontaneously
hemothorax: accumulation of blood in the pleural cavity (the space between the lungs and the walls of the chest)
hyperemia: increased blood in an organ or other body part
engorgement: congestion with blood engorgement of the breast
enanthem: eruption on a mucous membrane (as the inside of the mouth) occurring as a symptom of a disease
exanthem: eruption on the skin occurring as a symptom of a disease
rash: any red eruption of the skin
prickly heat: obstruction of the sweat ducts during high heat and humidity
urtication: an itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red margins; usually the result of an allergic response to insect bites or food or drugs
pain: a symptom of some physical hurt or disorder the patient developed severe pain and distension
ache: a dull persistent (usually moderately intense) pain
toothache: an ache localized in or around a tooth
agony: a state of acute pain
throe: severe spasm of pain the throes of dying the throes of childbirth
paresthesia: abnormal skin sensations (as tingling or tickling or itching or burning) usually associated with peripheral nerve damage
passion: the suffering of Jesus at the Crucifixion
burn: pain that feels hot as if it were on fire
colic: acute abdominal pain (especially in infants)
distress: extreme physical pain the patient appeared to be in distress
headache: pain in the head caused by dilation of cerebral arteries or muscle contractions or a reaction to drugs
glossalgia: pain in the tongue
hemorrhoid: pain caused by venous swelling at or inside the anal sphincter
stomachache: an ache localized in the stomach or abdominal region
earache: an ache localized in the middle or inner ear
histamine headache: a painful recurring headache associated with the release of histamine from cells
migraine: a severe recurring vascular headache; occurs more frequently in women than men
lumbago: backache affecting the lumbar region or lower back; can be caused by muscle strain or arthritis or vascular insufficiency or a ruptured intervertebral disc
myalgia: pain in a muscle or group of muscles
neuralgia: acute spasmodic pain along the course of one or more nerves
pang: a mental pain or distress a pang of conscience
photalgia: pain in the eye resulting from exposure to bright light (often associated with albinism)
pleurodynia: pain in the chest caused by inflammation of the muscles between the ribs
epidemic pleurodynia: an acute infectious disease occurring in epidemic form and featuring paroxysms of pain (usually in the chest)
trigeminal neuralgia: intense paroxysmal neuralgia along the trigeminal nerve
birth pangs: a regularly recurrent spasm of pain that is characteristic of childbirth
referred pain: pain that is felt at a place in the body different from the injured or diseased part where the pain would be expected angina pectoris can cause referred pain in the left shoulder pain in the right shoulder can be referred pain from gallbladder disease
smart: a kind of pain such as that caused by a wound or a burn or a sore
sting: a kind of pain; something as sudden and painful as being stung the sting of death he felt the stinging of nettles
tenderness: a pain that is felt (as when the area is touched) the best results are generally obtained by inserting the needle into the point of maximum tenderness after taking a cold, rawness of the larynx and trachea come on
chafe: soreness and warmth caused by friction he had a nasty chafe on his knee
torture: unbearable physical pain
papulovesicle: a papule that changes into a blister
pimple: a small inflamed elevation of the skin; a pustule or papule; common symptom in acne
cardiomegaly: an abnormal enlargement of the heart mild cardiomegaly is common in athletes
heart murmur: an abnormal sound of the heart; sometimes a sign of abnormal function of the heart valves
heartburn: a painful burning sensation in the chest caused by gastroesophageal reflux (backflow from the stomach irritating the esophagus); symptomatic of an ulcer or a diaphragmatic hernia or other disorder
gastroesophageal reflux: reflux of stomach contents into the esophagus
hot flash: sudden brief sensation of heat (associated with menopause and some mental disorders)
indigestion: a disorder of digestive function characterized by discomfort or heartburn or nausea
inflammation: a response of body tissues to injury or irritation; characterized by pain and swelling and redness and heat
myocardial inflammation: inflammation of the myocardium (the muscular tissue of the heart)
chill: a sensation of cold that often marks the start of an infection and the development of a fever
ague: successive stages of chills and fever that is a symptom of malaria
colitis: inflammation of the colon
conjunctivitis: inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
encephalitis: inflammation of the brain usually caused by a virus; symptoms include headache and neck pain and drowsiness and nausea and fever (`phrenitis' is no longer in scientific use)
equine encephalitis: encephalitis caused by a virus that is transmitted by a mosquito from an infected horse
herpes simplex encephalitis: common form of acute encephalitis caused by herpes simplex 1; usually affects the temporal and frontal lobes
meningoencephalitis: inflammation of the brain and spinal cord and their meninges
sleeping sickness: an encephalitis that was epidemic between 1915 and 1926; symptoms include paralysis of the extrinsic eye muscle and extreme muscular weakness
west nile encephalitis: encephalitis caused by the West Nile virus; can be fatal in humans and horses and birds
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: a rare chronic progressive encephalitis caused by the measles virus and occurring primarily in children and young adults; death usually occurs within three years; characterized by primary measles infection before the age of two years
esophagitis: inflammation of the esophagus; often caused by gastroesophageal reflux
moeller's glossitis: a superficial form of glossitis marked by irregular red patches on the tongue and sensitivity to hot or spicy food
labyrinthitis: inflammation of the inner ear; can cause vertigo and vomiting
laminitis: inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse
metritis: inflammation of the lining of the uterus (of the endometrium)
trichinosis: infestation by trichina larvae that are transmitted by eating inadequately cooked meat (especially pork); larvae migrate from the intestinal tract to the muscles where they become encysted
ozena: a chronic disease of the nose characterized by a foul-smelling nasal discharge and atrophy of nasal structures
peritonitis: inflammation of the peritoneum