AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
first: the first or highest in an ordering or series He wanted to be the first
former: the first of two or the first mentioned of two Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the former is remembered today
second: following the first in an ordering or series he came in a close second
latter: the second of two or the second mentioned of two Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the latter is remembered today
third: following the second position in an ordering or series a distant third he answered the first question willingly, the second reluctantly, and the third with resentment
fifth: position five in a countable series of things he was fifth out of several hundred runners
ninth: position nine in a countable series of things going into the ninth they were a run ahead
last: the last or lowest in an ordering or series he was the last to leave he finished an inglorious last
scale: an ordered reference standard judging on a scale of 1 to 10
beaufort scale: an international scale of wind force from 0 (calm air) to 12 (hurricane)
mercalli scale: a scale formerly used to describe the magnitude of an earthquake; an earthquake detected only by seismographs is a I and an earthquake that destroys all buildings is a XII
mohs scale: a scale of hardness of solids; talc is 0 and diamond is 10; ordering is determined by which substance can scratch another substance
richter scale: a logarithmic scale of 1 to 10 formerly used to express the magnitude of an earthquake on the basis of the size of seismograph oscillations
celsius scale: a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degrees
fahrenheit scale: a temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 32 degrees and the boiling point of water a 212 degrees
kelvin scale: a temperature scale that defines absolute zero as 0 degrees; water freezes at 273.16 degrees and boils at 373.16 degrees
rankine scale: a scale of absolute temperature in Fahrenheit degrees; the freezing point of water is 491.69 degrees and the boiling point of water is 671.69 degrees
reaumur scale: a temperature scale on which water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 80 degrees
wage scale: a schedule of wages paid for different jobs
gauge: accepted or approved instance or example of a quantity or quality against which others are judged or measured or compared
baseline: an imaginary line or standard by which things are measured or compared the established a baseline for the budget
norm: a standard or model or pattern regarded as typical the current middle-class norm of two children per family
opposition: the relation between opposed entities
antipode: direct opposite quiet: an antipode to focused busyness
antithesis: exact opposite his theory is the antithesis of mine
conflict: opposition in a work of drama or fiction between characters or forces (especially an opposition that motivates the development of the plot) this form of conflict is essential to Mann's writing
contrast: the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared; , in contrast to by contrast
flip side: a different aspect of something (especially the opposite aspect) the flip side of your positive qualities sometimes get out of control on the flip side of partnerships he talked about their competition
mutual opposition: a relation between two opposite attributes or tendencies he viewed it as a balanced polarity between good and evil
polarity: having an indicated pole (as the distinction between positive and negative electric charges) he got the polarity of the battery reversed charges of opposite sign
positivity: the character of the positive electric pole
negativity: the character of the negative electric pole
dialectic: a contradiction of ideas that serves as the determining factor in their interaction this situation created the inner dialectic of American history
incompatibility: the relation between propositions that cannot both be true at the same time
contrary: exact opposition public opinion to the contrary he is not guilty
reverse: a relation of direct opposition we thought Sue was older than Bill but just the reverse was true
inverse: something inverted in sequence or character or effect when the direct approach failed he tried the inverse
change: a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event he attributed the change to their marriage
difference: a significant change the difference in her is amazing his support made a real difference
concentration gradient: a gradient in concentration of a solute as a function of distance through a solution the movement of a solute down its concentration gradient is called diffusion
gravity gradient: a gradient in the gravitational forces acting on different parts of a nonspherical object the gravity gradient of the moon causes the ocean tides on Earth
implication: a logical relation between propositions p and q of the form `if p then q'; if p is true then q cannot be false
antagonism: the relation between opposing principles or forces or factors the inherent antagonism of capitalism and socialism
plane: (mathematics) an unbounded two-dimensional shape we will refer to the plane of the graph as the X-Y plane any line joining two points on a plane lies wholly on that plane
cartesian plane: a plane in which all points can be described in Cartesian coordinates
midplane: the median plane of the body (or some part of the body)
leaf shape: any of the various shape that leaves of plants can assume
flare: a shape that spreads outward the skirt had a wide flare
plane figure: a two-dimensional shape
solid figure: a three-dimensional shape
convex shape: a shape that curves or bulges outward
angular shape: a shape having one or more sharp angles
concave shape: a shape that curves or bends inward
conglomeration: a rounded spherical form
heart: a plane figure with rounded sides curving inward at the top and intersecting at the bottom; conventionally used on playing cards and valentines he drew a heart and called it a valentine
polygon: a closed plane figure bounded by straight sides
reentrant polygon: a polygon with one or more reentrant angles
distorted shape: a shape resulting from distortion
curve: the trace of a point whose direction of motion changes
simple closed curve: a closed curve that does not intersect itself
s-shape: a double curve resembling the letter S
cupid's bow: the double curve of the upper lip when considered to resemble Cupid's bow
wave: an undulating curve
bend: a circular segment of a curve a bend in the road a crook in the path
hook: a sharp curve or crook; a shape resembling a hook
straight line: a line traced by a point traveling in a constant direction; a line of zero curvature the shortest distance between two points is a straight line
geodesic: (mathematics) the shortest line between two points on a mathematically defined surface (as a straight line on a plane or an arc of a great circle on a sphere)
connection: a connecting shape
asymptote: a straight line that is the limiting value of a curve; can be considered as tangent at infinity the asymptote of the curve
centerline: a line that bisects a plane figure
pit: a concavity in a surface (especially an anatomical depression)
recess: a small concavity
cone: a shape whose base is a circle and whose sides taper up to a point
funnel: a conical shape with a wider and a narrower opening at the two ends
conic section: (geometry) a curve generated by the intersection of a plane and a circular cone
circle: ellipse in which the two axes are of equal length; a plane curve generated by one point moving at a constant distance from a fixed point he calculated the circumference of the circle
circle: something approximating the shape of a circle the chairs were arranged in a circle
semicircle: a plane figure with the shape of half a circle
scallop: one of a series of rounded projections (or the notches between them) formed by curves along an edge (as the edge of a leaf or piece of cloth or the margin of a shell or a shriveled red blood cell observed in a hypertonic solution etc.)
disk: something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate the moon's disk hung in a cloudless sky
ring: a toroidal shape a ring of ships in the harbor a halo of smoke
coil: a round shape formed by a series of concentric circles (as formed by leaves or flower petals)
helix: a curve that lies on the surface of a cylinder or cone and cuts the element at a constant angle
double helix: a pair of parallel helices intertwined about a common axis the shape of the DNA molecule is a double helix
perversion: a curve that reverses the direction of something the tendrils of the plant exhibited perversion perversion also shows up in kinky telephone cords
eccentricity: (geometry) a ratio describing the shape of a conic section; the ratio of the distance between the foci to the length of the major axis a circle is an ellipse with zero eccentricity
kink: a sharp bend in a line produced when a line having a loop is pulled tight
whirl: the shape of something rotating rapidly
ellipse: a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it the sums of the distances from the foci to any point on an ellipse is constant
square: (geometry) a plane rectangle with four equal sides and four right angles; a four-sided regular polygon you can compute the area of a square if you know the length of its sides
quadrilateral: a four-sided polygon
triangle: a three-sided polygon
triangle: something approximating the shape of a triangle the coastline of Chile and Argentina and Brazil forms two legs of a triangle
acute triangle: a triangle whose interior angles are all acute
equilateral triangle: a three-sided regular polygon
obtuse triangle: a triangle that contains an obtuse interior angle
right triangle: a triangle with one right angle
parallel: (mathematics) one of a set of parallel geometric figures (parallel lines or planes) parallels never meet
pentacle: a star with 5 points; formed by 5 straight lines between the vertices of a pentagon and enclosing another pentagon
rhombus: a parallelogram with four equal sides; an oblique-angled equilateral parallelogram
box: a rectangular drawing the flowchart contained many boxes
parallelepiped: a prism whose bases are parallelograms
sinuosity: having curves he hated the sinuosity of mountain roads
tortuosity: a tortuous and twisted shape or position they built a tree house in the tortuosities of its boughs the acrobat performed incredible contortions
warp: a shape distorted by twisting or folding
knot: something twisted and tight and swollen their muscles stood out in knots the old man's fists were two great gnarls his stomach was in knots
bell: the shape of a bell
furcation: the place where something divides into branches
jog: a sharp change in direction there was a jog in the road
zigzag: an angular shape characterized by sharp turns in alternating directions
angular distance: the angular separation between two objects as perceived by an observer he recorded angular distances between the stars
hour angle: (astronomy) the angular distance of a celestial point measured westward along the celestial equator from the zenith crossing; the right ascension for an observer at a particular location and time of day
inclination: (geometry) the angle formed by the x-axis and a given line (measured counterclockwise from the positive half of the x-axis)
inclination: (astronomy) the angle between the plane of the orbit and the plane of the ecliptic stated in degrees
reentrant angle: an interior angle of a polygon that is greater than 180 degrees
interior angle: the angle inside two adjacent sides of a polygon
exterior angle: the supplement of an interior angle of a polygon
angle of incidence: the angle that a line makes with a line perpendicular to the surface at the point of incidence
angle of extinction: the angle from its axis that a crystal must be rotated before appearing maximally dark when viewed in polarized light
perigon: an angle of 360 degrees
dip: (physics) the angle that a magnetic needle makes with the plane of the horizon
magnetic declination: the angle (at a particular location) between magnetic north and true north
azimuth: the azimuth of a celestial body is the angle between the vertical plane containing it and the plane of the meridian
bowl: a concave shape with an open top
groove: a long narrow furrow cut either by a natural process (such as erosion) or by a tool (as e.g. a groove in a phonograph record)
scoop: a hollow concave shape made by removing something
bulge: something that bulges out or is protuberant or projects from its surroundings the gun in his pocket made an obvious bulge the hump of a camel he stood on the rocky prominence the occipital protuberance was well developed the bony excrescence between its horns
belly: a part that bulges deeply the belly of a sail
caput: a headlike protuberance on an organ or structure the caput humeri is the head of the humerus which fits into a cavity in the scapula
nub: a small lump or protuberance
node: any thickened enlargement
bow: something curved in shape
depression: a concavity in a surface produced by pressing he left the impression of his fingers in the soft mud
dimple: any slight depression in a surface there are approximately 336 dimples on a golf ball
ellipsoid: a surface whose plane sections are all ellipses or circles the Earth is an ellipsoid
base: the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed the base of the triangle
balance: equality of distribution
symmetry: balance among the parts of something
spheroid: a shape that is generated by rotating an ellipse around one of its axes it looked like a sphere but on closer examination I saw it was really a spheroid
ball: an object with a spherical shape a ball of fire
torus: a ring-shaped surface generated by rotating a circle around an axis that does not intersect the circle
column: anything that approximates the shape of a column or tower the test tube held a column of white powder a tower of dust rose above the horizon a thin pillar of smoke betrayed their campsite
plume: anything that resembles a feather in shape or lightness a plume of smoke grass with large plumes
hoodoo: (geology) a column of weathered and unusually shaped rock a tall sandstone hoodoo
barrel: a bulging cylindrical shape; hollow with flat ends
pipe: a hollow cylindrical shape
drop: a shape that is spherical and small he studied the shapes of low-viscosity drops beads of sweat on his forehead
point: a V shape the cannibal's teeth were filed to sharp points
quadric: a curve or surface whose equation (in Cartesian coordinates) is of the second degree
boundary: a line determining the limits of an area
margin: the boundary line or the area immediately inside the boundary
periphery: the outside boundary or surface of something
brink: a region marking a boundary
diagonal: a line or cut across a fabric that is not at right angles to a side of the fabric
dip: a depression in an otherwise level surface there was a dip in the road
cup: any cup-shaped concavity bees filled the waxen cups with honey he wore a jock strap with a metal cup the cup of her bra
incision: a depression scratched or carved into a surface
incisure: (anatomy) a notch or small hollow
notch: a V-shaped indentation mandibular notch
score: a slight surface cut (especially a notch that is made to keep a tally)
sag: a shape that sags there was a sag in the chair seat
wrinkle: a slight depression in the smoothness of a surface his face has many lines ironing gets rid of most wrinkles
crow's foot: a wrinkle in the skin at the outer corner of your eyes
line of life: a crease on the palm; its length is said by palmists to indicate how long you will live
line of heart: a crease on the palm; palmists say it indicates your emotional nature
line of fate: a crease on the palm; palmists say it indicates how successful you will be
crevice: a long narrow depression in a surface
fold: an angular or rounded shape made by folding a fold in the napkin a crease in his trousers a plication on her blouse a flexure of the colon a bend of his elbow
pucker: an irregular fold in an otherwise even surface (as in cloth)
indentation: a concave cut into a surface or edge (as in a coastline)
stria: any of a number of tiny parallel grooves such as: the scratches left by a glacier on rocks or the streaks or ridges in muscle tissue
roulette: a line generated by a point on one figure rolling around a second figure
sine curve: the curve of y=sin x
shapelessness: an amorphous or indefinite shape a shapeless mass
void: an empty area or space the huge desert voids the emptiness of outer space without their support he'll be ruling in a vacuum
space: an empty area (usually bounded in some way between things) the architect left space in front of the building they stopped at an open space in the jungle the space between his teeth
hollow: a cavity or space in something hunger had caused the hollows in their cheeks
articulation: the shape or manner in which things come together and a connection is made
cavity: space that is surrounded by something
pocket: (bowling) the space between the headpin and the pins behind it on the right or left the ball hit the pocket and gave him a perfect strike
point: a very small circular shape a row of points draw lines between the dots
tree: a figure that branches from a single root genealogical tree
spur: any sharply pointed projection
constriction: a narrowing that reduces the flow through a channel
cast: the distinctive form in which a thing is made pottery of this cast was found throughout the region
branch: a part of a forked or branching shape he broke off one of the branches
fork: the region of the angle formed by the junction of two branches they took the south fork he climbed into the crotch of a tree
pouch: an enclosed space the trapped miners found a pocket of air
block: a three-dimensional shape with six square or rectangular sides
regular polyhedron: any one of five solids whose faces are congruent regular polygons and whose polyhedral angles are all congruent
cube: a hexahedron with six equal squares as faces
tail: any projection that resembles the tail of an animal
tongue: any long thin projection that is transient tongues of flame licked at the walls rifles exploded quick knives of fire into the dark
view angle: the angle included by a photographic lens
washout: the channel or break produced by erosion of relatively soft soil by water it was several days after the storm before they could repair the washout and open the road
wedge: any shape that is triangular in cross section
cleavage: the state of being split or cleft there was a cleavage between the liberal and conservative members
medium: a state that is intermediate between extremes; a middle position a happy medium
condition: a mode of being or form of existence of a person or thing the human condition
condition: a state at a particular time a condition (or state) of disrepair the current status of the arms negotiations
conditions: the set of circumstances that affect someone's welfare hazardous working conditions harsh living conditions
conditions: the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process there were wide variations in the conditions of observation
condition: an illness, disease, or other medical problem a heart condition a skin condition
anchorage: the condition of being secured to a base the plant needs a firm anchorage the mother provides emotional anchorage for the entire family
health: the general condition of body and mind his delicate health in poor health
mode: a particular functioning condition or arrangement switched from keyboard to voice mode
niche: (ecology) the status of an organism within its environment and community (affecting its survival as a species)
participation: the condition of sharing in common with others (as fellows or partners etc.)
prepossession: the condition of being prepossessed the king's prepossession in my favor is very valuable
regularization: the condition of having been made regular (or more regular)
silence: the state of being silent (as when no one is speaking) there was a shocked silence he gestured for silence
situation: a condition or position in which you find yourself the unpleasant situation (or position) of having to choose between two evils found herself in a very fortunate situation
niche: a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it he found his niche in the academic world
election: the status or fact of being elected they celebrated his election
nomination: the condition of having been proposed as a suitable candidate for appointment or election there was keen competition for the nomination his nomination was hotly protested
place: a particular situation If you were in my place what would you do?
soup: an unfortunate situation we're in the soup now
stymie: a situation in golf where an opponent's ball blocks the line between your ball and the hole
situation: the general state of things; the combination of circumstances at a given time; ; ; - Franklin D.Roosevelt the present international situation is dangerous wondered how such a state of affairs had come about eternal truths will be neither true nor eternal unless they have fresh meaning for every new social situation
absurd: a situation in which life seems irrational and meaningless; --Albert Camus The absurd is the essential concept and the first truth
relationship: a state of connectedness between people (especially an emotional connection) he didn't want his wife to know of the relationship
account: a formal contractual relationship established to provide for regular banking or brokerage or business services he asked to see the executive who handled his account
company: the state of being with someone he missed their company he enjoyed the society of his friends
confidence: a trustful relationship he took me into his confidence he betrayed their trust
freemasonry: a natural or instinctive fellowship between people of similar interests he enjoyed the freemasonry of the Press
acquaintance: a relationship less intimate than friendship
affiliation: a social or business relationship a valuable financial affiliation he was sorry he had to sever his ties with other members of the team many close associations with England
friendship: the state of being friends (or friendly)
love affair: a relationship between two lovers
affair: a usually secretive or illicit sexual relationship
acceptance: the state of being acceptable and accepted torn jeans received no acceptance at the country club
ballgame: a particular situation that is radically different from the preceding situation HDTV looks the same but it's really a whole new ballgame
challenge: a demanding or stimulating situation they reacted irrationally to the challenge of Russian power
complication: a situation or condition that is complex or confused her coming was a serious complication
crisis: an unstable situation of extreme danger or difficulty they went bankrupt during the economic crisis
crowding: a situation in which people or things are crowded together he didn't like the crowding on the beach
crunch: a critical situation that arises because of a shortage (as a shortage of time or money or resources) an end-of-the year crunch a financial crunch
element: the situation in which you are happiest and most effective in your element
environment: the totality of surrounding conditions he longed for the comfortable environment of his living room
goldfish bowl: a state of affairs in which you have no privacy the president lives in a goldfish bowl
hornet's nest: a highly contentious or hazardous situation talk of invading Iraq stirred up a political hornets' nest
hotbed: a situation that is ideal for rapid development (especially of something bad) it was a hotbed of vice
hot potato: a difficult situation he dropped the topic like a hot potato
how-do-you-do: an awkward situation that's a fine how-d'ye-do
imbroglio: an intricate and confusing interpersonal or political situation
mexican standoff: a situation in which no one can emerge as a clear winner
nightmare: a situation resembling a terrifying dream
pass: a bad or difficult situation or state of affairs