AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
newari: Himalayish language spoken in the Kathmandu valley of Nepal
kadai: a family of Sino-Tibetan languages spoken in southeastern Asia
kam-sui: a group of Kadai languages
tai: the most widespread and best known of the Kadai family of languages
white tai: a branch of the Tai languages
red tai: a branch of the Tai languages
tai dam: a branch of the Tai languages
tai nuea: a branch of the Tai languages
tai long: a branch of the Tai languages
tai lue: a branch of the Tai languages
tai yuan: a branch of the Tai languages
khuen: a branch of the Tai languages
lao: the Tai language of a Buddhist people living in the area of the Mekong River in Thailand and Laos
khamti: a branch of the Tai languages
southern tai: a branch of the Tai languages
tay: a branch of the Tai languages
nung: a branch of the Tai languages
tho: a branch of the Tai languages
thai: a branch of the Tai languages
bouyei: a branch of the Tai languages
zhuang: a branch of the Tai languages
yay: a branch of the Tai languages
saek: a branch of the Tai languages
austro-asiatic: a family of languages spoken in southern and southeastern Asia
munda: a family of languages spoken by people scattered throughout central India
mon-khmer: a branch of the Austro-Asiatic languages
hmong: a language of uncertain affiliation spoken by the Hmong
vietnamese: the Mon-Khmer language spoken in Vietnam
khmer: the Mon-Khmer language spoken in Cambodia
mon: the Mon-Khmer language spoken by the Mon
austronesian: the family of languages spoken in Australia and Formosa and Malaysia and Polynesia
malayo-polynesian: the branch of the Austronesian languages spoken from Madagascar to the central Pacific
oceanic: an eastern subfamily of Malayo-Polynesian languages
tongan: the Polynesian language spoken by the Tongan people
tahitian: the Oceanic language spoken on Tahiti
maori: the Oceanic language spoken by the Maori in New Zealand
hawaiian: the Oceanic languages spoken on Hawaii
fijian: the Oceanic language spoken on Fiji
western malayo-polynesian: a western subfamily of Malayo-Polynesian languages
malay: a western subfamily of Western Malayo-Polynesian languages
malaysian: the Malay language spoken in Malaysia
indonesian: the dialect of Malay used as the national language of the Republic of Indonesia or of Malaysia
javanese: the Indonesian language spoken on Java
sundanese: the Indonesian language spoken in the Lesser Sunda Islands
balinese: the Indonesian language of the people of Bali
philippine: official language of the Philippines; based on Tagalog; draws its lexicon from other Philippine languages
tagalog: the language of the Tagalog on which Filipino is based
cebuan: language of the people of Cebu in the Philippines; its lexicon contributes to the official language of the Philippines
australian: the Austronesian languages spoken by Australian aborigines
dyirbal: a language of Australian aborigines
walbiri: a language of Australian aborigines
formosan: the Austronesian languages spoken on Formosa
tayalic: a language spoken by a Malaysian people on Formosa
tsouic: a Formosan language
paiwanic: a Formosan language
papuan: any of the indigenous languages spoken in Papua New Guinea or New Britain or the Solomon Islands that are not Malayo-Polynesian languages
khoisan: a family of languages spoken in southern Africa
khoikhoin: any of the Khoisan languages spoken by the pastoral people of Namibia and South Africa
indo-european: the family of languages that by 1000 BC were spoken throughout Europe and in parts of southwestern and southern Asia
proto-indo european: a prehistoric unrecorded language that was the ancestor of all Indo-European languages
albanian: the Indo-European language spoken by the people of Albania
gheg: the dialect of Albanian spoken in northern Albania and Yugoslavia
tosk: the dialect of Albanian spoken in southern Albania and in areas of Greece and Italy
armenian: the Indo-European language spoken predominantly in Armenia, but also in Azerbaijan
illyrian: a minor and almost extinct branch of the Indo-European languages; spoken along the Dalmatian coast
thraco-phrygian: an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family thought by some to be related to Armenian
thracian: a Thraco-Phrygian language spoken by the ancient people of Thrace but extinct by the early Middle Ages
phrygian: a Thraco-Phrygian language spoken by the ancient inhabitants of Phrygia and now extinct--preserved only in a few inscriptions
balto-slavic: a family of Indo-European languages including the Slavic and Baltic languages
slavic: a branch of the Indo-European family of languages
old church slavonic: the Slavic language into which the Bible was translated in the 9th century
russian: the Slavic language that is the official language of Russia
belarusian: the Slavic language spoken in Belarus
ukrainian: the Slavic language spoken in the Ukraine
polish: the Slavic language of Poland
slovak: the Slavic language spoken in Slovakia
czech: the Slavic language of Czechs
slovene: the Slavic language of Slovenes
serbo-croat: the Slavic language of the Serbs and Croats; the Serbian dialect is usually written in the Cyrillic alphabet and the Croatian dialect is usually written in the Roman alphabet
sorbian: a Slavonic language spoken in rural area of southeastern Germany
macedonian: the Slavic language of modern Macedonia
bulgarian: a Slavic language spoken in Bulgaria
baltic: a branch of the Indo-European family of languages related to the Slavonic languages; Baltic languages have preserved many archaic features that are believed to have existed in Proto-Indo European
old prussian: a dead language of the (non-German) Prussians (extinct after 1700); thought to belong to the Baltic branch of Indo-European
lithuanian: the official language of Lithuania; belongs to the Baltic branch of Indo-European
latvian: the official language of Latvia; belongs to the Baltic branch of Indo-European
germanic: a branch of the Indo-European family of languages; members that are spoken currently fall into two major groups: Scandinavian and West Germanic
west germanic: a branch of the Germanic languages
english: an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries
american english: the English language as used in the United States
african american vernacular english: a nonstandard form of American English characteristically spoken by African Americans in the United States
king's english: English as spoken by educated persons in southern England
received pronunciation: the approved pronunciation of British English; originally based on the King's English as spoken at public schools and at Oxford and Cambridge Universities (and widely accepted elsewhere in Britain); until recently it was the pronunciation of English used in British broadcasting
middle english: English from about 1100 to 1450
east midland: the dialect of Middle English that replaced West Saxon as the literary language and which developed into Modern English
west midland: a dialect of Middle English
northern: a dialect of Middle English that developed into Scottish Lallans
kentish: a dialect of Middle English
southwestern: a dialect of Middle English
modern english: English since about 1450
old english: English prior to about 1100
west saxon: a literary dialect of Old English
anglian: one of the major dialects of Old English
kentish: one of the major dialects of Old English
oxford english: the dialect of English spoken at Oxford University and regarded by many as affected and pretentious
scottish: the dialect of English used in Scotland
lallans: a dialect of English spoken in the Lowlands of Scotland
german: the standard German language; developed historically from West Germanic
old high german: High German prior to 1200
middle high german: High German from 1100 to 1500
yiddish: a dialect of High German including some Hebrew and other words; spoken in Europe as a vernacular by many Jews; written in the Hebrew script
pennsylvania dutch: a dialect of High German spoken in parts of Pennsylvania and Maryland
low german: a German dialect spoken in northern Germany
old saxon: Low German prior to 1200
middle low german: Low German from 1100 to 1500
dutch: the West Germanic language of the Netherlands
flemish: one of two official languages of Belgium; closely related to Dutch
afrikaans: an official language of the Republic of South Africa; closely related to Dutch and Flemish
proto-norse: the Germanic language of Scandinavia up until about 700
old norse: the extinct Germanic language of medieval Scandinavia and Iceland from about to 700 to 1350
old icelandic: the extinct dialect of Old Norse that was spoken in Iceland up until about 1600
edda: either of two distinct works in Old Icelandic dating from the late 13th century and consisting of 34 mythological and heroic ballads composed between 800 and 1200; the primary source for Scandinavian mythology
scandinavian: the northern family of Germanic languages that are spoken in Scandinavia and Iceland
danish: a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Denmark
icelandic: a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Iceland
norwegian: a Scandinavian language that is spoken in Norway
bokmal: book language; one of two official languages of Norway; closely related to Danish
riksmal: in 1929 this dialect of Norwegian was officially renamed Bokmal
nynorsk: one of two official languages of Norway; based on rural dialects
swedish: a Scandinavian language that is the official language of Sweden and one of two official languages of Finland
faroese: a Scandinavian language (closely related to Icelandic) that is spoken on the Faroe Islands
frisian: a West Germanic language spoken in Friesland in the northwestern Netherlands; a near relative of English
old frisian: the Frisian language until the 16th century; the Germanic language of ancient Frisia
east germanic: an extinct branch of the Germanic languages
gothic: extinct East Germanic language of the ancient Goths; the only surviving record being fragments of a 4th-century translation of the Bible by Bishop Ulfilas
ural-altaic: a (postulated) group of languages including many of the indigenous languages of Russia (but not Russian)
uralic: a family of Ural-Altaic languages
finno-ugric: a family of Uralic languages indigenous to Scandinavia and Hungary and Russia and western Siberia (prior to the Slavic expansion into those regions)
fennic: one of two branches of the Finno-Ugric languages; a family of languages including Finnish and Estonian (but not Hungarian)
udmurt: the Finnic language spoken by the Votyak
permic: a group of Finnic languages spoken in the northwest Urals
komi: the Finnic language spoken by the Komi
volgaic: a group of Finnic languages spoken around the Volga river
cheremis: the Finnic language spoken by the Cheremis
mordva: the Finnic language spoken by the Mordvinians
baltic-finnic: a group of Finnic languages including Finnish and Estonian
livonian: the Finnic language spoken by the people of Livonia in Estonia and Latvia
estonian: the official language of Estonia; belongs to the Baltic-Finnic family of languages
karelian: a Finnic language spoken by the people of Karelia
ludian: a Baltic-Finnic language
finnish: the official language of Finland; belongs to the Baltic Finnic family of languages
veps: a Finnic language spoken by the Veps
ingrian: a Finnic language spoken by the Ingrian
ugric: one of the two branches of the Finno-Ugric family of languages; spoken in Hungary and northwestern Siberia
hungarian: the official language of Hungary (also spoken in Rumania); belongs to the Ugric family of languages
khanty: a Ugric language (related to Hungarian) spoken by the Ostyak
mansi: the Ugric language (related to Hungarian) spoken by the Vogul
lappic: any of the languages spoken by the Lapps and generally assumed to be Uralic languages
lapp: the language of nomadic Lapps in northern Scandinavia and the Kola Peninsula
samoyedic: the Uralic languages spoken by the Samoyed in northwestern Siberia
nenets: a Uralic language spoken by a Samoyed of northern Siberia
enets: the Uralic language spoken by the Yeniseian
nganasan: the Uralic language spoken by the Nganasan
selkup: the Uralic language spoken by the Ostyak-Samoyed
celtic: a branch of the Indo-European languages that (judging from inscriptions and place names) was spread widely over Europe in the pre-Christian era
gaelic: any of several related languages of the Celts in Ireland and Scotland
irish: the Celtic language of Ireland
old irish: Irish Gaelic up to about 1100
middle irish: Irish Gaelic from 1100 to 1500
scottish gaelic: the Gaelic of Scotland
manx: the ancient Gaelic formerly spoken on the Isle of Man; the language is sometimes used on ceremonial occasions
brythonic: a southern group of Celtic languages
welsh: a Celtic language of Wales
cornish: a Celtic language spoken in Cornwall
breton: a Celtic language of Brittany
italic: a branch of the Indo-European languages of which Latin is the chief representative
osco-umbrian: a group of dead languages of ancient Italy; they were displace by Latin
umbrian: an extinct Italic language of ancient southern Italy
oscan: an extinct Italic language of ancient southern Italy
sabellian: an extinct Osco-Umbrian language of ancient Italy that survives only in a few inscriptions
latin: any dialect of the language of ancient Rome
old latin: the oldest recorded Latin (dating back at early as the 6th century B.C.)
classical latin: the language of educated people in ancient Rome Latin is a language as dead as dead can be. It killed the ancient Romans--and now it's killing me
low latin: any dialect of Latin other than the classical
vulgar latin: nonclassical Latin dialects spoken in the Roman Empire; source of Romance languages
late latin: the form of Latin written between the 3rd and 8th centuries
medieval latin: Latin used for liturgical purposes during the Middle Ages
neo-latin: Latin since the Renaissance; used for scientific nomenclature
romance: the group of languages derived from Latin
italian: the Romance language spoken in Italy
old italian: the Italian language up to the middle of the 16th century
sardinian: the Italian dialect spoken in Sardinia; sometimes considered a separate language with many loan words from Spanish
tuscan: a dialect of Italian spoken in Tuscany (especially Florence)
french: the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France
langue d'oil: medieval provincial dialects of French spoken in central and northern France
langue d'oc: medieval provincial dialects of French formerly spoken in the south of France
old french: the earliest form of the French language; 9th to 15th century
norman-french: the medieval Norman dialect of Old French
anglo-french: the French (Norman) language used in medieval England
canadian french: the French language as spoken in Quebec, Canada
walloon: a dialect of French spoken in Belgium and adjacent parts of France
provencal: the medieval dialects of Langue d'oc (southern France)
portuguese: the Romance language spoken in Portugal and Brazil
galician: a language spoken in Galicia in northwestern Spain; it is between Portuguese and Spanish but closer to Portuguese; sometimes considered a Portuguese or Spanish dialect
basque: the language of the Basque people; of no known relation to any other language
spanish: the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain
castilian: the Spanish language as spoken in Castile
judeo-spanish: the Spanish dialect spoken by Sephardic Jews but written in the Hebrew script
mexican spanish: the dialect of Spanish spoken in Mexico
catalan: the Romance language spoken in Catalonia in eastern Spain (related to Spanish and Occitan)
rhaeto-romance: Romance dialects spoken in parts of southeastern Switzerland and northern Italy and the Tyrol
friulian: a Rhaeto-Romance dialect spoken in northeastern Italy
ladin: a Rhaeto-Romance dialect of Romansh spoken in southeastern Switzerland
romansh: the Rhaeto-Romance language spoken in southeastern Switzerland; it is an official language of Switzerland
romanian: an eastern Romance language spoken in Romania
elamitic: an extinct ancient language of unknown affinities; spoken by the Elamites
kassite: an ancient language spoken by the Kassites
tocharian: a branch of the Indo-European language family that originated in central Asia during the first millennium A.D.
turfan: a dialect of Tocharian
kuchean: a dialect of Tocharian
sanskrit: (Hinduism) an ancient language of India (the language of the Vedas and of Hinduism); an official language of India although it is now used only for religious purposes
sindhi: the Indic language of Sind which is spoken also in western India
romany: the Indic language of the Gypsies
urdu: the official literary language of Pakistan, closely related to Hindi; widely used in India (mostly by Moslems); written in Arabic script
hindi: the most widely spoken of modern Indic vernaculars; spoken mostly in the north of India; along with English it is the official language of India; usually written in Devanagari script
hindustani: a form of Hindi spoken around Delhi
bihari: the Indic language spoken in Bihar (and by some people in Pakistan and Bangladesh)
magadhan: a subfamily of Indic languages
assamese: the Magadhan language spoken by the Assamese people; closely related to Bengali
bengali: a Magadhan language spoken by the Bengali people; the official language of Bangladesh and Bengal
oriya: a Magadhan language that is spoken by the Oriya and is the official language of the Indian state of Orissa
marathi: an Indic language; the state language of Maharashtra in west central India; written in the Devanagari script
gujarati: the Indic language spoken by the people of India who live in Gujarat in western India
punjabi: the Indic language spoken by most people in Punjab in northwestern India
sinhalese: the Indic language spoken by the people of Sri Lanka
indo-iranian: the branch of the Indo-European family of languages including the Indic and Iranian language groups
indic: a branch of the Indo-Iranian family of languages
dard: any of a group of Indic languages spoken in Kashmir and eastern Afghanistan and northern Pakistan
shina: a Dardic language spoken in northern Kashmir
khowar: a Dardic language spoken in northwestern Pakistan
kafiri: a Dardic language spoken by the Kafir in northeastern Afghanistan
kashmiri: the official state language of Kashmir
nepali: the official state language of Nepal
prakrit: any of the vernacular Indic languages of north and central India (as distinguished from Sanskrit) recorded from the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD
pali: an ancient Prakrit language (derived from Sanskrit) that is the scriptural and liturgical language of Theravada Buddhism
prakrit: any of the modern Indic languages
iranian: the modern Persian language spoken in Iran
avestan: an ancient Iranian language
gathic: an ancient Iranian language
persian: the language of Persia (Iran) in any of its ancient forms
dari: an Iranian language spoken in Afghanistan
tajiki: the Iranian language of the Tajik that is closely related to Farsi; spoken in Iran and Tajikistan
kurdish: an Iranian language spoken in Turkey and Iran and Iraq and Syria and Russia
balochi: an Iranian language spoken in Pakistan and Iran and Afghanistan and Russia and the Persian gulf
pahlavi: the Iranian language of the Zoroastrian literature of the 3rd to 10th centuries
parthian: the Iranian language spoken in the Parthian kingdom (250 BC to AD 226)
pashto: an Iranian language spoken in Afghanistan and Pakistan; the official language of Afghanistan
ossete: a northeastern Iranian language spoken in Russia
scythian: the Iranian language spoken by the ancient Scythians
anatolian: an extinct branch of the Indo-European family of languages known from inscriptions and important in the reconstruction of Proto-Indo European
hittite: the language of the Hittites and the principal language of the Anatolian group of languages; deciphered from cuneiform inscriptions
lycian: an Anatolian language
luwian: an Anatolian language
lydian: an Anatolian language
palaic: an Anatolian language
greek: the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages
modern greek: the Greek language as spoken and written today
romaic: the modern Greek vernacular
katharevusa: literary style of Modern Greek containing features borrowed from Koine
late greek: the Greek language in the 3rd to 8th centuries
medieval greek: the Greek language from about 600 to 1200 AD
koine: a Greek dialect that flourished under the Roman Empire
ancient greek: the Greek language prior to the Roman Empire
attic: the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken and written in Attica and Athens and Ionia
aeolic: the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken in Thessaly and Boeotia and Aeolis
arcadic: the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken by Arcadians
doric: the dialect of Ancient Greek spoken in Doris
caucasian: a number of languages spoken in the Caucasus that are unrelated to languages spoken elsewhere
chechen: a northern Caucasian language spoken by the Chechen
circassian: a northern Caucasian language spoken by the Circassian
abkhazian: a Circassian language spoken by the Abkhaz
georgian: a southern Caucasian language with 3 million speakers and a long literary tradition
ubykh: an extinct Caucasian language spoken exclusively in Turkey
dravidian: a large family of languages spoken in south and central India and Sri Lanka
south dravidian: a Dravidian language spoken primarily in southern India
irula: a Dravidian language closely related to Tamil that is spoken in a hilly section of southwestern India
kota: a Dravidian language spoken by the Kota
toda: the Dravidian language spoken by the Toda in southern India
badaga: the dialect of Kannada that is spoken by the Badaga
kannada: a Dravidian language spoken in southern India
tulu: a Dravidian language spoken by the Tulu
malayalam: a Dravidian language (closely related to Tamil) that is spoken in southwestern India
tamil: the Dravidian language spoken since prehistoric times by the Tamil in southern India and Sri Lanka
south-central dravidian: a Dravidian language spoken primarily in south central India
telugu: a Dravidian language spoken by the Telugu in southeastern India
savara: a Dravidian language spoken by the Savara in southeastern India (north of Madras)
gondi: a Dravidian language spoken by the Gond in south central India
pengo: a Dravidian language spoken in south central India
manda: a Dravidian language spoken in south central India
kui: the Dravidian language spoken by the Kui in southeastern India
kuvi: a Dravidian language spoken in southeast India
central dravidian: a Dravidian language spoken primarily in central India
kolami: the Dravidian language spoken by the Kolam in central India
naiki: a Dravidian language spoken in south central India
parji: a Dravidian language spoken in south central India
ollari: a Dravidian language spoken in south central India
gadaba: the Dravidian language spoken by the Gadaba
north dravidian: a Dravidian language spoken primarily in eastern India
kurux: a Dravidian language spoken in eastern India
malto: the Dravidian language spoken by the Malto
brahui: an isolated Dravidian language spoken by the Brahui in Pakistan
hausa: the chief member of the Chadic family of Afroasiatic languages; widely used as a trading language
bole: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria and closely related to Hausa
angas: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria and closely related to Hausa
ron: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria
bade: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria
warji: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria
zaar: a Chadic language spoken in northern Nigeria
west chadic: a group of Chadic languages spoken in northern Nigeria; Hausa in the most important member
tera: a three-tone Chadic language
bura: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
higi: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
mandara: a Chadic language spoken in the Mandara mountains in Cameroon; has only two vowels
matakam: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
sukur: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
daba: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
bata: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad
kotoko: a Chadic language spoken south of Lake Chad