AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
fontanne: United States actress (born in England) who married Alfred Lunt and performed with him in many plays (1887-1983)
fonteyn: English dancer who danced with Rudolf Nureyev (born in 1919)
ford: United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947)
ford: 38th President of the United States; appointed vice president and succeeded Nixon when Nixon resigned (1913-)
ford: English writer and editor (1873-1939)
ford: son of Henry Ford (1893-1943)
ford: grandson of Henry Ford (1917-1987)
ford: United States film maker (1896-1973)
forester: English writer of adventure novels featuring Captain Horatio Hornblower (1899-1966)
fosbury: United States athlete who revolutionized the high jump by introducing the Fosbury flop in the 1968 Olympics (born in 1947)
foster: United States songwriter whose songs embody the sentiment of the South before the American Civil War (1826-1864)
foucault: French physicist who determined the speed of light and showed that it travels slower in water than in air; invented the Foucault pendulum and the gyroscope (1819-1868)
fourier: French sociologist and reformer who hoped to achieve universal harmony by reorganizing society (1772-1837)
fourier: French mathematician who developed Fourier analysis and studied the conduction of heat (1768-1830)
fowler: English lexicographer who wrote a well-known book on English usage (1858-1933)
fox: English religious leader who founded the Society of Friends (1624-1691)
fox: English statesman who supported American independence and the French Revolution (1749-1806)
fragonard: French artist whose rococo paintings typified the frivolity of life in the royal court of France in the 18th century (1732-1806)
france: French writer of sophisticated novels and short stories (1844-1924)
francis ii: the last Holy Roman Emperor (1768-1835)
francis ferdinand: archduke of Austria and heir apparent to Francis Joseph I; his assassination at Sarajevo triggered the outbreak of World War I (1863-1914)
francis joseph: emperor of Austria and king of Hungary; was defeated by Napoleon III at the battle of Magenta (1830-1916)
francis of assisi: (Roman Catholic Church) an Italian and the Roman Catholic monk who founded the Franciscan order of friars (1181-1226)
franck: United States physicist (born in Germany) who with Gustav Hertz performed an electron scattering experiment that proved the existence of the stationary energy states postulated by Niels Bohr (1882-1964)
franck: French composer and teacher who influenced a generation of composers (1822-1890)
franco: Spanish general whose armies took control of Spain in 1939 and who ruled as a dictator until his death (1892-1975)
franklin: printer whose success as an author led him to take up politics; he helped draw up the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution; he played a major role in the American Revolution and negotiated French support for the colonists; as a scientist he is remembered particularly for his research in electricity (1706-1790)
franklin: United States historian noted for studies of Black American history (born in 1915)
frazer: English social anthropologist noted for studies of primitive religion and magic (1854-1941)
frederick i: Holy Roman Emperor from 1152 to 1190; conceded supremacy to the pope; drowned leading the Third Crusade (1123-1190)
frederick i: son of Frederick William who in 1701 became the first king of Prussia (1657-1713)
frederick ii: the Holy Roman Emperor who led the Sixth Crusade and crowned himself king of Jerusalem (1194-1250)
frederick ii: king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; brought Prussia military prestige by winning the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years' War (1712-1786)
frederick william: the Elector of Brandenburg who rebuilt his domain after its destruction during the Thirty Years' War (1620-1688)
frederick william i: son of Frederick I who became king of Prussia in 1713; reformed and strengthened the Prussian army (1688-1740)
frederick william ii: king of Prussia who became involved in a costly war with France (1744-1797)
frederick william iii: king of Prussia who became involved in the Napoleonic Wars (1770-1840)
frederick william iv: king of Prussia who violently suppressed democratic movements (1795-1865)
fremont: United States explorer who mapped much of the American west and Northwest (1813-1890)
french: United States sculptor who created the seated marble figure of Abraham Lincoln in the Lincoln Memorial in Washington D.C. (1850-1931)
fresnel: French physicist who invented polarized light and invented the Fresnel lens (1788-1827)
freud: Austrian neurologist who originated psychoanalysis (1856-1939)
frick: United States industrialist who amassed a fortune in the steel industry (1849-1919)
friedan: United States feminist who founded a national organization for women (born in 1921)
friedman: United States economist noted as a proponent of monetarism and for his opposition to government intervention in the economy (born in 1912)
frisch: Austrian zoologist noted for his studies of honeybees (1886-1982)
frisch: Norwegian economist noted for his work in econometrics (1895-1973)
frisch: British physicist (born in Austria) who with Lise Meitner recognized that Otto Hahn had produced a new kind of nuclear reaction which they named nuclear fission; Frisch described the explosive potential of a chain nuclear reaction (1904-1979)
frobisher: English explorer who led an expedition in search of the Northwest Passage to the orient; served under Drake and helped defeat the Spanish Armada (1535-1594)
froebel: German educator who founded the kindergarten system (1782-1852)
frost: United States poet famous for his lyrical poems on country life in New England (1874-1963)
fry: English dramatist noted for his comic verse dramas (born 1907)
fry: English painter and art critic (1866-1934)
frye: Canadian literary critic interested in the use of myth and symbolism (1912-1991)
fuchs: British physicist who was born in Germany and fled Nazi persecution; in the 1940s he passed secret information to the USSR about the development of the atom bomb in the United States (1911-1988)
fuentes: Mexican novelist (born in 1928)
fugard: South African playwright whose plays feature the racial tensions in South Africa during apartheid (born in 1932)
fulbright: United States senator who is remembered for his creation of grants that fund exchange programs of teachers and students between the United States and other countries (1905-1995)
fuller: United States architect who invented the geodesic dome (1895-1983)
fuller: United States jurist and chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1833-1910)
fulton: American inventor who designed the first commercially successful steamboat and the first steam warship (1765-1815)
funk: United States biochemist (born in Poland) who showed that several diseases were caused by dietary deficiencies and who coined the term `vitamin' for the chemicals involved (1884-1967)
furnivall: English philologist who first proposed the Oxford English Dictionary (1825-1910)
gable: United States film actor (1901-1960)
gabor: British physicist (born in Hungary) noted for his work on holography (1900-1979)
gaboriau: French writer considered by some to be a founder of the detective novel (1832-1873)
gagarin: Soviet cosmonaut who in 1961 was the first person to travel in space (1934-1968)
gainsborough: English portrait and landscape painter (1727-1788)
galahad: (Arthurian legend) the most virtuous knight of the Round Table; was able to see the Holy Grail
galbraith: United States economist (born in Canada) who served as ambassador to India (born in 1908)
galen: Greek anatomist whose theories formed the basis of European medicine until the Renaissance (circa 130-200)
galileo: Italian astronomer and mathematician who was the first to use a telescope to study the stars; demonstrated that different weights descend at the same rate; perfected the refracting telescope that enabled him to make many discoveries (1564-1642)
gallaudet: United States educator who established the first free school in the United States for the hearing impaired (1787-1851)
galois: French mathematician who described the conditions for solving polynomial equations; was killed in a duel at the age of 21 (1811-1832)
galsworthy: English novelist (1867-1933)
galton: English scientist (cousin of Charles Darwin) who explored many fields including heredity, meteorology, statistics, psychology, and anthropology; founder of eugenics and first to use fingerprints for identification (1822-1911)
galvani: Italian physiologist noted for his discovery that frogs' muscles contracted in an electric field (which led to the galvanic cell) (1737-1798)
gamow: United States physicist (born in Russia) who was a proponent of the big-bang theory and who did research in radioactivity and suggested the triplet code for DNA (1904-1968)
gandhi: political and spiritual leader during India's struggle with Great Britain for home rule; an advocate of passive resistance (1869-1948)
gandhi: daughter of Nehru who served as prime minister of India from 1966 to 1977 (1917-1984)
garbo: United States film actress (born in Sweden) known for her reclusiveness (1905-1990)
garcia lorca: Spanish poet and dramatist who was shot dead by Franco's soldiers soon after the start of the Spanish Civil War (1898-1936)
gardiner: British historian remembered for his ten-volume history of England (1829-1902)
gardner: writer of detective novels featuring Perry Mason (1889-1970)
gardner: United States collector and patron of art who built a museum in Boston to house her collection and opened it to the public in 1903 (1840-1924)
garfield: 20th President of the United States; assassinated by a frustrated office-seeker (1831-1881)
garibaldi: Italian patriot whose conquest of Sicily and Naples led to the formation of the Italian state (1807-1882)
garland: United States singer and film actress (1922-1969)
garnier: French architect (1825-1898)
garrick: English actor and theater manager who was the foremost Shakespearean actor of his day (1717-1779)
garrison: United States abolitionist who published an anti-slavery journal (1805-1879)
gaskell: English writer who is remembered for her biography of Charlotte Bronte (1810-1865)
gates: United States computer entrepreneur whose software company made him the youngest multi-billionaire in the history of the United States (born in 1955)
gatling: United States inventor of the first rapid firing gun (1818-1903)
gaudi: Spanish architect who was a leading exponent of art nouveau in Europe (1852-1926)
gauguin: French Post-impressionist painter who worked in the South Pacific (1848-1903)
gauss: German mathematician who developed the theory of numbers and who applied mathematics to electricity and magnetism and astronomy and geodesy (1777-1855)
gawain: (Arthurian legend) a nephew of Arthur and one of the knights of the Round Table
gay-lussac: French chemist and physicist who first isolated boron and who formulated the law describing the behavior of gases under constant pressure (1778-1850)
gehrig: baseball player who died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (1903-1941)
geiger: German physicist who developed the Geiger counter (1882-1945)
geisel: United States writer of children's books (1904-1991)
gell-mann: United States physicist noted for his studies of subatomic particles (born in 1929)
genet: French writer of novels and dramas for the theater of the absurd (1910-1986)
genet: French diplomat who in 1793 tried to draw the United States into the war between France and England (1763-1834)
genghis khan: Mongolian emperor whose empire stretched from the Black Sea to the Pacific Ocean (1162-1227)
genseric: king of the Vandals who seized Roman lands and invaded North Africa and sacked Rome (428-477)
geoffrey of monmouth: Welsh chronicler who wrote an account of the kings of Britain which is now believed to contain little historical fact but it is a source of the Arthurian legend (circa 1100-1154)
george: Elector of Hanover and the first Hanoverian King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 to 1727 (1660-1727)
george: King of Great Britain and Elector of Hanover from 1727 to 1760 (1683-1760)
george: King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1820; the American colonies were lost during his reign; he became insane in 1811 and his son (later George IV) acted as regent until 1820 (1738-1820)
george: King of Great Britain and Ireland and Hanover from 1820 to 1830; his attempt to divorce his estranged wife undermined the prestige of the Crown (1762-1830)
george: King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1910 to 1936; gave up his German title in 1917 during World War I (1865-1936)
george: King of Great Britain and Ireland and emperor of India from 1936 to 1947; he succeeded Edward VIII (1895-1952)
george: Christian martyr; patron saint of England; hero of the legend of Saint George and the Dragon in which he slew a dragon and saved a princess (?-303)
geraint: (Arthurian legend) one of the knights of the Round Table
geronimo: Apache chieftain who raided the white settlers in the Southwest as resistance to being confined to a reservation (1829-1909)
gershwin: United States composer who incorporated jazz into classical forms and composed scores for musical comedies (1898-1937)
gershwin: United States lyricist who frequently collaborated with his brother George Gershwin (1896-1983)
gesell: United States psychologist noted for his work in child development (1880-1961)
gesner: Swiss naturalist who was one of the founders of modern zoology (1516-1565)
giacometti: Swiss sculptor and painter known for his bronze sculptures of elongated figures (1901-1966)
gibbon: English historian best known for his history of the Roman Empire (1737-1794)
gibbs: United States chemist (1839-1903)
gibran: United States writer (born in Lebanon) (1883-1931)
gibson: United States tennis player who was the first Black woman player to win all the major world singles titles (1927-2003)
gibson: Australian actor (born in the United States in 1956)
gibson: United States illustrator remembered for his creation of the `Gibson girl' (1867-1944)
gide: French author and dramatist who is regarded as the father of modern French literature (1869-1951)
gielgud: English actor of Shakespearean roles who was also noted for appearances in films (1904-2000)
gilbert: United States architect who influenced the development of the skyscraper (1859-1934)
gilbert: English navigator who in 1583 established in Newfoundland the first English colony in North America (1539-1583)
gilbert: English court physician noted for his studies of terrestrial magnetism (1540-1603)
gilbert: a librettist who was a collaborator with Sir Arthur Sullivan in a famous series of comic operettas (1836-1911)
gilgamesh: a legendary Sumerian king who was the hero of an epic collection of mythic stories
gillespie: United States jazz trumpeter and exponent of bebop (1917-1993)
gillette: United States inventor and manufacturer who developed the safety razor (1855-1932)
gilman: United States feminist (1860-1935)
gilmer: United States journalist who wrote a syndicated column of advice to the lovelorn (1870-1951)
ginsberg: United States poet of the beat generation (1926-1997)
giotto: Florentine painter who gave up the stiff Byzantine style and developed a more naturalistic style; considered the greatest Italian painter prior to the Renaissance (1267-1337)
girard: United States financier (born in France) who helped finance the War of 1812 (1750-1831)
giraudoux: French novelist and dramatist whose plays were reinterpretations of Greek myths (1882-1944)
gish: United States film actress who appeared in films by D. W. Griffith (1896-1993)
gjellerup: Danish novelist (1857-1919)
gladstone: liberal British statesman who served as prime minister four times (1809-1898)
glaser: United States physicist who invented the bubble chamber to study subatomic particles (born in 1926)
glendower: Welsh chieftain who led a revolt against Henry IV's rule in Wales (1359-1416)
glenn: made the first orbital rocket-powered flight by a United States astronaut in 1962; later in United States Senate (1921-)
glinka: Russian composer (1804-1857)
gluck: German composer of more than 100 operas (1714-1787)
godard: French film maker influenced by surrealism; early work explored the documentary use of film; noted for innovative techniques (born in 1930)
goddard: United States physicist who developed the first successful liquid-fueled rocket (1882-1945)
godel: United States mathematician (born in Austria) who is remembered principally for demonstrating the limitations of axiomatic systems (1906-1978)
godiva: according to legend she rode naked through Coventry in order to persuade her husband not to tax the townspeople so heavily; the only person to look at her as she rode by was a man named Tom and Peeping Tom has become a synonym for voyeur (circa 1040-1080)
godunov: czar of Russia (1551-1605)
goebbels: German propaganda minister in Nazi Germany who persecuted the Jews (1897-1945)
goethals: United States army officer and engineer who supervised the construction of the Panama Canal (1858-1928)
goethe: German poet and novelist and dramatist who lived in Weimar (1749-1832)
gogol: Russian writer who introduced realism to Russian literature (1809-1852)
goldberg: United States cartoonist who drew intricate diagrams of very complicated and impractical contraptions that accomplished little or nothing (1883-1970)
golding: English novelist (1911-1993)
goldman: United States anarchist (born in Russia) who opposed conscription; was deported to the Soviet Union in 1919 (1869-1940)
goldmark: United States inventor (born in Hungary) who made the first TV broadcast in 1940 and invented the long-playing record in 1948 and pioneered videocassette recording (1906-1977)
goldoni: prolific Italian dramatist (1707-1793)
goldsmith: Irish writer of novels and poetry and plays and essays (1728-1774)
goldwyn: United States film maker (born in Poland) who founded his own film company and later merged with Louis B. Mayer (1882-1974)
golgi: Italian histologist noted for work on the structure of the nervous system and for his discovery of Golgi bodies (1844-1926)
goliath: (Old Testament) a giant Philistine warrior who was slain by David with a slingshot
gombrowicz: Polish author (1904-1969)
gompers: United States labor leader (born in England) who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1886 to 1924 (1850-1924)
goncourt: French writer who collaborated with his brother Jules de Goncourt on many books and who in his will established the Prix Goncourt (1822-1896)
goncourt: French writer who collaborated with his brother Edmond de Goncourt on many books (1830-1870)
gongora: a Spanish poet whose work was characterized by an affected elegance of style (1561-1627)
gonne: Irish patriot and a founder of the Sinn Fein (1865-1953)
goodall: English zoologist noted for her studies of chimpanzees in the wild (born in 1934)
goodman: United States clarinetist who in 1934 formed a big band (including black as well as white musicians) and introduced a kind of jazz known as swing (1909-1986)
goodyear: United States inventor of vulcanized rubber (1800-1860)
gorbachev: Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931)
gordimer: South African novelist and short-story writer whose work describes the effects of apartheid (born in 1923)
gordius: legendary king of ancient Phrygia who was said to be responsible for the Gordian knot
gore: Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton (born in 1948)
gorgas: United States Army surgeon who suppressed yellow fever in Havana and in the Panama Canal Zone (1854-1920)
goring: German politician in Nazi Germany who founded the Gestapo and mobilized Germany for war (1893-1946)
gorky: Russian writer of plays and novels and short stories; noted for his depiction of social outcasts
goudy: United States printer noted for designing typefaces (1865-1947)
gould: United States financier who gained control of the Erie Canal and who caused a financial panic in 1869 when he attempted to corner the gold market (1836-1892)
gould: United States paleontologist and popularizer of science (1941-2002)
gounod: French composer best remembered for his operas (1818-1893)
goya: Spanish painter well known for his portraits and for his satires (1746-1828)
graf: German tennis player who won seven women's singles titles at Wimbledon (born in 1969)
graham: United States dancer and choreographer whose work was noted for its austerity and technical rigor (1893-1991)
graham: United States evangelical preacher famous as a mass evangelist (born in 1918)
grahame: English writer (born in Scotland) of children's stories (1859-1932)
grainger: United States composer (born in Australia) who lived in London and collected English folk songs (1882-1961)
gram: Danish physician and bacteriologist who developed a method of staining bacteria to distinguish among them (1853-1938)
grant: 18th President of the United States; commander of the Union armies in the American Civil War (1822-1885)
grant: United States actor (born in England) who was the elegant leading man in many films (1904-1986)
grant: Scottish painter; cousin of Lytton Strachey and member of the Bloomsbury Group (1885-1978)
granville-barker: English actor and dramatist and critic and director noted for his productions of Shakespearean plays (1877-1946)
grappelli: French jazz violinist (1908-1997)
grass: German writer of novels and poetry and plays (born 1927)
graves: English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)
gray: United States botanist who specialized in North American flora and who was an early supporter of Darwin's theories of evolution (1810-1888)
gray: American navigator who twice circumnavigated the globe and who discovered the Columbia River (1755-1806)
gray: English poet best known for his elegy written in a country churchyard (1716-1771)
gray: English radiobiologist in whose honor the gray (the SI unit of energy for the absorbed dose of radiation) was named (1905-1965)
greeley: United States journalist with political ambitions (1811-1872)
green: United States labor leader who was president of the American Federation of Labor from 1924 to 1952 and who led the struggle with the Congress of Industrial Organizations (1873-1952)
greenberg: United States linguist who studied the historical relations among 5,000 languages (1916-2001)
greene: English novelist and Catholic (1904-1991)
gregory: (Roman Catholic Church) an Italian pope distinguished for his spiritual and temporal leadership; a saint and Doctor of the Church (540?-604)
gregory: the Italian pope who fought to establish the supremacy of the pope over the Roman Catholic Church and the supremacy of the church over the state (1020-1085)
gregory: the Italian pope from 1406 to 1415 who worked to end the Great Schism and who retired to make it possible (1327-1417)
gregory: the pope who sponsored the introduction of the modern calendar (1572-1585)
gregory: Italian pope from 1831 to 1846; conservative in politics and theology; worked to propagate Catholicism in England and the United States (1765-1846)
gregory: (Roman Catholic Church) a church father known for his constant fight against perceived heresies; a saint and Doctor of the Church (329-391)
gresham: English financier (1519-1579)
gretzky: high-scoring Canadian ice-hockey player (born in 1961)
grey: Englishman who as Prime Minister implemented social reforms including the abolition of slavery throughout the British Empire (1764-1845)
grey: Queen of England for nine days in 1553; she was quickly replaced by Mary Tudor and beheaded for treason (1537-1554)
grey: United States writer of western adventure novels (1875-1939)
grieg: Norwegian composer whose work was often inspired by Norwegian folk music (1843-1907)
griffith: United States film maker who was the first to use flashbacks and fade-outs (1875-1948)
grimm: the older of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories; also author of Grimm's law describing consonant changes in Germanic languages (1785-1863)
grimm: the younger of the two Grimm brothers remembered best for their fairy stories (1786-1859)
gris: Spanish cubist painter (1887-1927)