AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
hamilton: a port city in southeastern Ontario at the western end of Lake Ontario
kingston: a town in southeast Ontario on Lake Ontario near the head of the Saint Lawrence River
sault sainte marie: a town of southern Ontario opposite northern Michigan
sudbury: a city in south central Canada in Ontario; a major nickel mining center
thunder bay: a port city in Ontario on Lake Superior
toronto: the provincial capital and largest city in Ontario (and the largest city in Canada)
windsor: a city in southeastern Ontario on the Detroit River opposite Detroit
prince edward island: an island in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence; the smallest province of Canada
charlottetown: the provincial capital and largest city of Prince Edward Island
quebec: the largest province of Canada; a French colony from 1663 to 1759 when it was lost to the British
quebec: the French-speaking capital of the province of Quebec; situated on the Saint Lawrence River
montreal: a city in southern Quebec province on the Saint Lawrence River; the largest city in Quebec and 2nd largest in Canada; the 2nd largest French-speaking city in the world
saskatchewan: one of the three prairie provinces in west central Canada vast fields of wheat grow on Saskatchewan's prairies
regina: the provincial capital of Saskatchewan
saskatoon: a city in central Saskatchewan; the largest city in the province
dawson: a town in northwestern Canada in the Yukon on the Yukon River; a boom town around 1900 when gold was discovered in the Klondike
yukon: a territory in northwestern Canada; site of the Klondike gold rush in the 1890s
klondike: a region in northwestern Canada where gold was discovered in 1896 but exhausted by 1910
whitehorse: the provincial capital of the Yukon Territory
australia: a nation occupying the whole of the Australian continent; Aboriginal tribes are thought to have migrated from southeastern Asia 20,000 years ago; first Europeans were British convicts sent there as a penal colony
canberra: the capital of Australia; located in southeastern Australia
australian state: one of the several states constituting Australia
queensland: a state in northeastern Australia
brisbane: capital and largest city of Queensland state; located in the southeastern corner of Queensland on the Pacific; settled by British as a penal colony; 3rd largest city in Australia
new south wales: an Australian state in southeastern Australia
sydney: the largest Australian city located in southeastern Australia on the Tasman Sea; state capital of New South Wales; Australia's chief port
wagga wagga: a town on the Murrumbidgee River in New South Wales; agricultural trading center
victoria: a state in southeastern Australia
melbourne: the capital of Victoria state and 2nd largest Australian city; a financial and commercial center
tasmania: an island off the southeastern coast of Australia
tasmania: an Australian state on the island of Tasmania
hobart: a port and state capital of Tasmania
south australia: a state in south central Australia
adelaide: the state capital of South Australia
western australia: a state containing the western third of Australia
perth: the state capital of Western Australia
northern territory: a territory in north central Australia
darwin: provincial capital of the Northern Territory of Australia
norfolk island: an island territory of Australia in the Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of Australia; formerly a British penal colony
nullarbor plain: a vast arid plain of southern Australia stretching inland from the Great Australian Bight; has sparse vegetation and no surface water and is almost uninhabited; the site of a major rocket research center
aleutian islands: an archipelago in the North Pacific extending southwest from Alaska
oceania: a large group of islands in the south Pacific including Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia (and sometimes Australasia and the Malay Archipelago)
australasia: Australia, New Zealand, and neighboring islands in the South Pacific
austronesia: islands of central and South Pacific (Indonesia and Melanesia and Micronesia and Polynesia)
melanesia: the islands in the southwestern part of Oceania
micronesia: the islands in the northwestern part of Oceania
micronesia: a country scattered over Micronesia with a constitutional government in free association with the United States; achieved independence in 1986
kolonia: capital of Micronesia
mariana islands: a chain of coral and volcanic islands in Micronesia (including Guam and the Northern Marianas) halfway between New Guinea and Japan; discovered by Magellan in 1521
northern marianas: a self-governing territory comprising all of the Mariana Islands except Guam
saipan: the largest island in the Northern Marianas and the administrative center of the commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands in union with the United States
guam: the largest and southernmost island in the Marianas which is administered as a territory of the United States; it was ceded by Spain to the United States in 1898
wake island: an island in the western Pacific between Guam and Hawaii
caroline islands: a long archipelago of more than 500 islands in Micronesia to the east of the Philippines
marshall islands: a group of coral islands in eastern Micronesia
marshall islands: a republic (under United States protection) on the Marshall Islands
bikini: an atoll in the Marshall Islands; formerly used by the United States as a site for testing nuclear weapons
eniwetok: an atoll in the Marshall Islands; site of an amphibious assault in World War II; later used temporarily by the United States to test atomic bombs
kwajalein: an atoll in the western Marshall Islands that was used as a Japanese air and naval base during World War II
gilbert islands: a group of islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii; formerly part of the British colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands until it became part of the Republic of Kiribati in 1979
tuvalu: a group of coral islands in Micronesia to the southwest of Hawaii
tuvalu: a small island republic on the Tuvalu islands; formerly part of the British colony of Gilbert and Ellice Islands until it withdrew in 1975 and became independent of the United Kingdom in 1978
funafuti: capital of Tuvalu
kiribati: an island republic in the west central Pacific just to the south of the equator
tarawa: national capital of Kiribati
gilbert and ellice islands: a former British possession in Micronesia
nauru: a small island in the central Pacific Ocean 2,800 miles to the southwest of Hawaii; in Micronesia to the west of the Gilbert Islands
nauru: an island republic on Nauru Island; phosphate exports support the economy
polynesia: the islands in the eastern part of Oceania
malay archipelago: a group of islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans between Asia and Australia
sunda islands: a chain of islands in the western Malay Archipelago
greater sunda islands: a chain of islands including Borneo and Celebes and Java and Sumatra
lesser sunda islands: a chain of islands forming a province of Indonesia to the east of Java; includes Bali and Timor
bismarck archipelago: a group of islands in the southwestern Pacific to the northeast of New Guinea; part of Papua New Guinea
admiralty islands: a group of islands in the Bismarck Archipelago
borneo: 3rd largest island in the world; in the western Pacific to the north of Java; largely covered by dense jungle and rain forest; part of the Malay Archipelago
bougainville: the largest of the Solomon Islands; a province of Papua New Guinea
guadalcanal: a mountainous island; the largest of the Solomon Islands in the independent state that is a member of the British Commonwealth
new britain: the largest island in the Bismarck Archipelago; part of Papua New Guinea
new caledonia: an island to the to the east of Australia and to the north of New Zealand
new guinea: a Pacific island to the north of Australia; the 2nd largest island in the world; the western part is governed by Indonesia and the eastern part is Papua New Guinea
papua new guinea: a parliamentary democracy on the eastern half of the island of New Guinea; in 1975 it became an independent state within the Commonwealth of Nations
papua: the southeastern part of Papua New Guinea
port moresby: the administrative capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea
new ireland: an island in the Bismarck Archipelago; part of Papua New Guinea
austria-hungary: a geographical area in central and eastern Europe; broken into separate countries at the end of World War I
austria: a mountainous republic in central Europe; under the Habsburgs (1278-1918) Austria maintained control of the Holy Roman Empire and was a leader in European politics until the 19th century
tyrol: a picturesque mountainous province of western Austria and northern Italy
vienna: the capital and largest city of Austria; located on the Danube in northeastern Austria; was the home of Beethoven and Brahms and Haydn and Mozart and Schubert and Strauss
graz: an industrial city is southeastern Austria
linz: city in northern Austria on the Danube; noted as a cultural center
salzburg: city in western Austria; a music center and birthplace of Mozart
innsbruck: city in southwestern Austria; known as a summer and winter resort
wagram: a town in northeastern Austria
bahamas: island country in the Atlantic to the east of Florida and Cuba; a popular winter resort
nassau: the capital of the Bahamas
arabian peninsula: a peninsula between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; strategically important for its oil resources
bahrain: an island country in the Persian Gulf off the coast of Saudi Arabia; oil revenues funded progressive programs until reserves were exhausted in 1970s
bahrain: an island in the Persian Gulf
manama: the capital of Bahrain; located at the northern end of Bahrain Island
bangladesh: a Muslim republic in southern Asia bordered by India to the north and west and east and the Bay of Bengal to the south; formerly part of India and then part of Pakistan; it achieved independence in 1971
dhaka: the capital and largest city of Bangladesh
chittagong: a port city and industrial center in southeastern Bangladesh on the Bay of Bengal
flanders: a medieval country in northern Europe that included regions now parts of northern France and Belgium and southwestern Netherlands
belgium: a monarchy in northwestern Europe; headquarters for the European Union and for the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
bruxelles: the capital and largest city of Belgium; seat of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
aalst: a town in central Belgium
antwerpen: a busy port and financial center in northern Belgium on the Scheldt river; it has long been a center for the diamond industry and the first stock exchange was opened there in 1460
bruges: a city in northwestern Belgium that is connected by canal to the North Sea; in the 13th century it was a leading member of the Hanseatic League; the old city (known as the City of Bridges) is a popular tourist attraction
charleroi: city in southwestern Belgium; center of an industrial region
gent: port city in northwestern Belgium and industrial center; famous for cloth industry
liege: city in eastern Belgium; largest French-speaking city in Belgium
namur: a city in south central Belgium situated on a promontory between the Meuse River and the Sambre River; the site of intense fighting in World War I and World War II
waterloo: a town in central Belgium where in 1815 Napoleon met his final defeat
bhutan: a landlocked principality in the Himalayas to the northeast of India
botswana: a landlocked republic in south-central Africa that became independent from British control in the 1960s
gaborone: capital and largest city of Botswana in the extreme southeast
bolivia: a landlocked republic in central South America; Simon Bolivar founded Bolivia in 1825 after winning independence from Spain
la paz: capital city in western Bolivia and the administrative seat of Bolivia's government; largest city in Bolivia
santa cruz: a city in central Bolivia
sucre: the judicial capital and seat of the judiciary in Bolivia
brazil: the largest Latin American country and the largest Portuguese speaking country in the world; located in the central and northeastern part of South America; world's leading coffee exporter
acre: a territory of western Brazil bordering on Bolivia and Peru
belem: port city in northern Brazil in the Amazon delta; main port and commercial center for the Amazon River basin
belo horizonte: city in southeastern Brazil to the north of Rio de Janeiro; the first of Brazil's planned communities
brasilia: the capital of Brazil; a city built on the central plateau and inaugurated in 1960
curitiba: a city in southeastern Brazil
joao pessoa: a city in northeastern Brazil near the Atlantic Ocean to the north of Recife
governador valadares: a city in eastern Brazil to the northeast of Belo Horizonte
limeira: a city of southeastern Brazil (northwest of Sao Paulo)
natal: a port city in northeastern Brazil
osasco: a city in southeastern Brazil; suburb of Sao Paulo
rio de janeiro: the former capital and 2nd largest city of Brazil; chief Brazilian port; famous as a tourist attraction
recife: a port city of northeastern Brazil on the Atlantic
santos: a port city in southwestern Brazil on an offshore island near Sao Paulo
sao bernardo do campo: a city in southeastern Brazil; an industrial suburb of Sao Paulo
sao goncalo: an industrial city in southeastern Brazil across the bay from Rio de Janeiro
sao joao de meriti: a city in southeastern Brazil that is a residential suburb of Rio de Janeiro
sao jose dos campos: a city in southeastern Brazil to the northeast of Sao Paulo
sao louis: a city on an offshore island in northeast Brazil
sao paulo: an ultramodern city in southeastern Brazil; the largest city in South America
british empire: a former empire consisting of Great Britain and all the territories under its control; reached its greatest extent at the end of World War I; it included the British Isles, British West Indies, Canada, British Guiana; British West Africa, British East Africa, India, Australia, New Zealand the sun never sets on the British Empire
british isles: Great Britain and Ireland and adjacent islands in the north Atlantic
british east africa: the former British territories of eastern Africa, including Kenya, Tanganyika, Uganda, and Zanzibar
british west africa: the former British territories of western Africa, including Nigeria, Cameroon, Gambia, Togo, Sierra Leone, and the Gold Coast
great britain: an island comprising England and Scotland and Wales
ireland: an island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland
erin: an early name of Ireland that is now used in poetry
united kingdom: a monarchy in northwestern Europe occupying most of the British Isles; divided into England and Scotland and Wales and Northern Ireland; `Great Britain' is often used loosely to refer to the United Kingdom
england: a division of the United Kingdom
albion: archaic name for England or Great Britain; used poetically
anglia: the Latin name for England
blighty: a slang term for Great Britain used by British troops serving abroad
lancaster: a city in northwestern England
lake district: a popular tourist area in northwestern England including England's largest lake and highest mountain
london: the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center
city of london: the part of London situated within the ancient boundaries; the commercial and financial center of London
home counties: the English counties surrounding London into which Greater London has expanded
greenwich: a borough of Greater London on the Thames; zero degrees of longitude runs through Greenwich; time is measured relative to Greenwich Mean Time
bloomsbury: a city district of central London laid out in garden squares
soho: a city district of central London now noted for restaurants and nightclubs
wembley: a southeastern part of Greater London that is the site of the English national soccer stadium
west end: the part of west central London containing the main entertainment and shopping areas
westminster: a borough of Greater London on the Thames; contains Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament and Westminster Abbey
buckingham palace: the London residence of the British sovereign
downing street: a street of Westminster in London the Prime Minister lives at No. 10 Downing Street
pall mall: a fashionable street in London noted for its many private clubs
houses of parliament: the building in which the House of Commons and the House of Lords meet
westminster abbey: a famous Gothic church of St. Peter in Westminster, London on the site of a former Benedictine monastery Westminster Abbey is the scene of the coronations of almost all English monarchs Distinguished English subjects are buried in Westminster Abbey
wimbledon: a suburb of London and the headquarters of the club where annual international tennis championships are played on grass courts
manchester: a city in northwestern England (30 miles to the east of Liverpool); heart of the most densely populated area of England
hull: a large fishing port in northeastern England
liverpool: a large city in northwestern England; its port is the country's major outlet for industrial exports
birmingham: a city in central England; 2nd largest English city and an important industrial and transportation center
oxford: a city in southern England to the northwest of London; site of Oxford University
cambridge: a city in eastern England on the River Cam; site of Cambridge University
bath: a town in southwestern England on the River Avon; famous for its hot springs and Roman remains
blackpool: a resort town in Lancashire in northwestern England on the Irish Sea; famous for its tower
brighton: a city in East Sussex in southern England that is a popular resort; site of the University of Sussex
bristol: an industrial city and port in southwestern England near the mouth of the River Avon
cheddar: a village in southwestern England where cheddar cheese was first made
leeds: a city on the River Aire in West Yorkshire in northern England; a center of the clothing industry
leicester: an industrial city in Leicestershire in central England; built on the site of a Roman settlement
newcastle: a port city in northeastern England on the River Tyne; a center for coal exports (giving rise to the expression `carry coals to Newcastle' meaning to do something unnecessary)
portsmouth: a port city in southern England on the English Channel; Britain's major naval base
coventry: an industrial city in central England; devastated by air raids during World War II; remembered as the home of Lady Godiva in the 11th century
gloucester: a city in southwestern England in Gloucestershire on the Severn
reading: a city on the River Thames in Berkshire in southern England
sheffield: a steel manufacturing city in northern England famous for its cutlery industry
stratford-on-avon: a town in central England on the River Avon; birthplace (and burial place) of William Shakespeare
sunderland: a port and industrial city in northeastern England
winchester: a city in southern England; administrative center of Hampshire
worcester: a cathedral city in west central England on the River Severn
avon: a county in southwestern England
berkshire: a county in southern England
cornwall: a hilly county in southwestern England
cumbria: a county of northwestern England
cumbria: a former Celtic kingdom in northwestern England; the name continued to be used for the hilly northwestern region of England including the Lake District and the northern Pennines
devon: a county in southwestern England
essex: a county in southeastern England on the North Sea and the Thames estuary
gloucestershire: a county in southwestern England in the lower Severn valley
hampshire: a county of southern England on the English Channel
new forest: an area of woods and heathland in southern Hampshire that was set aside by William I as Crown property in 1079; originally a royal hunting ground but now administered as parkland; noted for its ponies
hertfordshire: a county in southern England
kent: a county in southeastern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom, it was the first to be colonized by the Romans
somerset: a county in southwestern England on the Bristol Channel
east sussex: a county in southern England on the English Channel
hastings: a town in East Sussex just to the south of the place where the battle of Hastings took place
west sussex: a county in southern England on the English Channel
canterbury: a town in Kent in southeastern England; site of the cathedral where Thomas a Becket was martyred in 1170; seat of the archbishop and primate of the Anglican Church
leicestershire: a largely agricultural county in central England
lincolnshire: an agricultural county of eastern England on the North Sea
northumberland: the northernmost county of England; has many Roman remains (including Hadrian's Wall)
flodden: a hill in Northumberland where the invading Scots were defeated by the English in 1513
east anglia: a region of eastern England that was formerly a kingdom
lancashire: a historical area of northwestern England on the Irish Sea; noted for textiles
surrey: a county in southeastern England on the Thames
marston moor: a former moor in northern England
yorkshire: a former large county in northern England; in 1974 it was divided into three smaller counties
north yorkshire: a county in northern England
west yorkshire: a metropolitan county in northern England
south yorkshire: a metropolitan county in northern England
northamptonshire: a county is central England
northampton: the principal city of Northamptonshire
naseby: a village in western Northamptonshire
northumbria: an Anglo-Saxon kingdom in northern England until 876
west country: the southwestern part of England (including Cornwall and Devon and Somerset)
sussex: a county in southern England on the English Channel; formerly an Anglo-Saxon kingdom that was captured by Wessex in the 9th century
wessex: a Saxon kingdom in southwestern England that became the most powerful English kingdom by the 10th century
hadrian's wall: an ancient Roman wall built by Hadrian in the 2nd century; marked the northern boundary of the Roman Empire in Britain
channel island: any of a group of British islands in the English Channel off the northern coast of France
jersey: the largest of the Channel Islands
guernsey: a Channel Island to the northwest of Jersey
scilly islands: an archipelago of small islands off the southwestern coast of England near the entrance to the English Channel; formerly a haven for smugglers and pirates
man: one of the British Isles in the Irish Sea
northern ireland: a division of the United Kingdom located on the northern part of the island of Ireland
ulster: a historic division of Ireland located in the northeastern part of the island; six of Ulster's nine counties are in Northern Ireland
bangor: a town in southeastern Northern Ireland
belfast: capital and largest city of Northern Ireland; the center of Protestantism in Northern Ireland
ireland: a republic consisting of 26 of 32 counties comprising the island of Ireland; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1921
dublin: capital and largest city and major port of the Irish Republic
cork: a port city in southern Ireland
galway: a port city in western Ireland on Galway Bay
limerick: port city in southwestern Ireland
tara: a village in eastern Ireland (northwest of Dublin); seat of Irish kings until 6th century
waterford: a port city in southern Ireland; famous for glass industry
scotland: one of the four countries that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; located on the northern part of the island of Great Britain; famous for bagpipes and plaids and kilts
caledonia: the geographical area (in Roman times) to the north of the Antonine Wall; now a poetic name for Scotland
highlands: a mountainous region of northern Scotland famous for its rugged beauty; known for the style of dress (the kilt and tartan) and the clan system (now in disuse)
lowlands: the southern part of Scotland that is not mountainous
galloway: a district in southwestern Scotland
aberdeen: a city in northeastern Scotland on the North Sea
ayr: a port in southwestern Scotland