AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
price: a monetary reward for helping to catch a criminal the cattle thief has a price on his head
peace offering: something offered to an adversary in the hope of obtaining peace
submission: something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition) several of his submissions were rejected by publishers what was the date of submission of your proposal?
filing: the entering of a legal document into the public record he filed a complaint he filed his tax return
command: an authoritative direction or instruction to do something
order: (often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed the British ships dropped anchor and waited for orders from London
word: a verbal command for action when I give the word, charge!
commission: a formal statement of a command or injunction to do something the judge's charge to the jury
decalogue: the biblical commandments of Moses
directive: a pronouncement encouraging or banning some activity the boss loves to send us directives
presidential directive: a directive issued by the President of the United States; usually addressed to all heads of departments and agencies
interpretation: an explanation that results from interpreting something the report included his interpretation of the forensic evidence
clarification: an interpretation that removes obstacles to understanding the professor's clarification helped her to understand the textbook
ijtihad: the endeavor of a Moslem scholar to derive a rule of divine law from the Koran and Hadith without relying on the views of other scholars; by the end of the 10th century theologians decided that debate on such matters would be closed and Muslim theology and law were frozen some reform-minded Islamic scholars believe that reopening ijtihad is a prerequisite for the survival of Islam
text: a passage from the Bible that is used as the subject of a sermon the preacher chose a text from Psalms to introduce his sermon
expansion: a discussion that provides additional information
embellishment: elaboration of an interpretation by the use of decorative (sometimes fictitious) detail the mystery has been heightened by many embellishments in subsequent retellings
letter: a strictly literal interpretation (as distinct from the intention) he followed instructions to the letter he obeyed the letter of the law
version: an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint his version of the fight was different from mine
reading: a particular interpretation or performance on that reading it was an insult he was famous for his reading of Mozart
construction: an interpretation of a text or action they put an unsympathetic construction on his conduct
popularization: an interpretation that easily understandable and acceptable
misinterpretation: putting the wrong interpretation on his misinterpretation of the question caused his error there was no mistaking her meaning
misconstrual: a kind of misinterpretation resulting from putting a wrong construction on words or actions (often deliberately)
assent: agreement with a statement or proposal to do something he gave his assent eagerly a murmur of acquiescence from the assembly
concession: the act of conceding or yielding
bye: you advance to the next round in a tournament without playing an opponent he had a bye in the first round
concurrence: agreement of results or opinions
accord: concurrence of opinion we are in accord with your proposal
connivance: agreement on a secret plot
cahoot: collusion in cahoots with
accession: agreeing with or consenting to (often unwillingly) accession to such demands would set a dangerous precedent assenting to the Congressional determination
accommodation: a settlement of differences they reached an accommodation with Japan
conclusion: a final settlement the conclusion of a business deal the conclusion of the peace treaty
suicide pact: an agreement by two or more people to commit suicide together at a given place and time the two lovers killed themselves in a suicide pact
compromise: an accommodation in which both sides make concessions the newly elected congressmen rejected a compromise because they considered it `business as usual'
missouri compromise: an agreement in 1820 between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions in the United States concerning the extension of slavery into new territories
ratification: making something valid by formally ratifying or confirming it the ratification of the treaty confirmation of the appointment
harmony: agreement of opinions
second: a speech seconding a motion do I hear a second?
confrontation: a hostile disagreement face-to-face
discord: disagreement among those expected to cooperate
division: discord that splits a group
dispute: a disagreement or argument about something important he had a dispute with his wife there were irreconcilable differences the familiar conflict between Republicans and Democrats
straw man: a weak or sham argument set up to be easily refuted
argy-bargy: a verbal dispute; a wrangling argument
firestorm: an outburst of controversy the incident triggered a political firestorm
collision: a conflict of opposed ideas or attitudes or goals a collision of interests
controversy: a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement they were involved in a violent argument
quarrel: an angry dispute they had a quarrel they had words
fight: an intense verbal dispute a violent fight over the bill is expected in the Senate
affray: noisy quarrel
bicker: a quarrel about petty points
offer: the verbal act of offering a generous offer of assistance
request: the verbal act of requesting
notification: a request for payment the notification stated the grace period and the penalties for defaulting
wish: an expression of some desire or inclination I could tell that it was his wish that the guests leave his crying was an indirect request for attention
invitation: a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something an invitation to lunch she threw the invitation away
bidding: a request to be present they came at his bidding
invite: a colloquial expression for invitation he didn't get no invite to the party
entreaty: earnest or urgent request an entreaty to stop the fighting an appeal for help an appeal to the public to keep calm
demagoguery: impassioned appeals to the prejudices and emotions of the populace
flag waving: an appeal intended to arouse patriotic emotions
supplication: a humble request for help from someone in authority
solicitation: an entreaty addressed to someone of superior status a solicitation to the king for relief
beggary: a solicitation for money or food (especially in the street by an apparently penniless person)
touch: the act of soliciting money (as a gift or loan) he watched the beggar trying to make a touch
importunity: insistent solicitation and entreaty his importunity left me no alternative but to agree
courtship: a man's courting of a woman; seeking the affections of a woman (usually with the hope of marriage) its was a brief and intense courtship
prayer: reverent petition to a deity
benediction: a ceremonial prayer invoking divine protection
grace: a short prayer of thanks before a meal their youngest son said grace
invocation: a prayer asking God's help as part of a religious service
call: a request many calls for Christmas stories not many calls for buggywhips
recall: a call to return the recall of our ambassador
charge: request for payment of a debt they submitted their charges at the end of each month
demand: an urgent or peremptory request his demands for attention were unceasing
insistence: continual and persistent demands
purism: scrupulous or exaggerated insistence on purity or correctness (especially in language) linguistic purisms
call: a demand especially in the phrase the call of duty
call: a demand for a show of hands in a card game after two raises there was a call
margin call: a demand by a broker that a customer deposit enough to bring his margin up to the minimum requirement
wage claim: the wage demanded from management for workers by their union representatives
questioning: a request for information
challenge: questioning a statement and demanding an explanation his challenge of the assumption that Japan is still our enemy
question: an instance of questioning there was a question about my training we made inquiries of all those who were present
interrogation: formal systematic questioning
redirect examination: (law) questioning of a witness by the party that called the witness after that witness has been subject to cross-examination
interview: the questioning of a person (or a conversation in which information is elicited); often conducted by journalists my interviews with teenagers revealed a weakening of religious bonds
job interview: an interview to determine whether an applicant is suitable for a position of employment
question: a sentence of inquiry that asks for a reply he asked a direct question he had trouble phrasing his interrogations
examination: a set of questions or exercises evaluating skill or knowledge when the test was stolen the professor had to make a new set of questions
bar examination: an examination conducted at regular intervals to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice law in a given jurisdiction applicants may qualify to take the New York bar examination by graduating from an approved law school he passed the bar exam on his third try
comprehensive examination: an intensive examination testing a student's proficiency in some special field of knowledge she took her comps in English literature
entrance examination: examination to determine a candidate's preparation for a course of studies
final examination: an examination administered at the end of an academic term
litmus test: a test that relies on a single indicator her litmus test for good breeding is whether you split infinitives
midterm examination: an examination administered in the middle of an academic term
oral: an examination conducted by spoken communication
preliminary examination: an examination taken by graduate students to determine their fitness to continue
test paper: a written examination
reply: the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange he growled his reply
rejoinder: a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one) it brought a sharp rejoinder from the teacher
urim and thummim: lots thrown to determine God's answers to yes-no questions
refutation: the speech act of answering an attack on your assertions his refutation of the charges was short and persuasive in defense he said the other man started it
characterization: the act of describing distinctive characteristics or essential features the media's characterization of Al Gore as a nerd
word picture: a graphic or vivid verbal description too often the narrative was interrupted by long word pictures the author gives a depressing picture of life in Poland the pamphlet contained brief characterizations of famous Vermonters
portrayal: a word picture of a person's appearance and character
label: a brief description given for purposes of identification the label Modern is applied to many different kinds of architecture
particularization: an individualized description of a particular instance
sketch: a brief literary description
affirmation: the act of affirming or asserting or stating something
representation: a factual statement made by one party in order to induce another party to enter into a contract the sales contract contains several representations by the vendor
affirmative: a reply of affirmation he answered in the affirmative
yes: an affirmative I was hoping for a yes
yea: an affirmative The yeas have it
denial: the act of asserting that something alleged is not true
denial: the act of refusing to comply (as with a request) it resulted in a complete denial of his privileges
abnegation: the denial and rejection of a doctrine or belief abnegation of the Holy Trinity
negative: a reply of denial he answered in the negative
no: a negative his no was loud and clear
nay: a negative the nays have it
double negative: a grammatically substandard but emphatic negative I don't never go
double negative: an affirmative constructed from two negatives A not unwelcome outcome
repudiation: refusal to acknowledge or pay a debt or honor a contract (especially by public authorities) the repudiation of the debt by the city
disavowal: denial of any connection with or knowledge of
retraction: a disavowal or taking back of a previous assertion
withdrawal: a retraction of a previously held position
contradiction: the speech act of contradicting someone he spoke as if he thought his claims were immune to contradiction
contradiction: (logic) a statement that is necessarily false the statement `he is brave and he is not brave' is a contradiction
repudiation: rejecting or disowning or disclaiming as invalid Congressional repudiation of the treaty that the President had negotiated
disownment: refusal to acknowledge as one's own
rebuff: an instance of driving away or warding off
short shrift: a brief and unsympathetic rejection they made short shrift of my request
demur: (law) a formal objection to an opponent's pleadings
dissent: (law) the difference of one judge's opinion from that of the majority he expressed his dissent in a contrary opinion
exception: grounds for adverse criticism his authority is beyond exception
caption: taking exception; especially a quibble based on a captious argument a mere caption unworthy of a reply
gripe: informal terms for objecting I have a gripe about the service here
protest: a formal and solemn declaration of objection they finished the game under protest to the league president the senator rose to register his protest the many protestations did not stay the execution
protest: the act of making a strong public expression of disagreement and disapproval he shouted his protests at the umpire a shower of protest was heard from the rear of the hall
grumble: a complaint uttered in a low and indistinct tone
jeremiad: a long and mournful complaint a jeremiad against any form of government
pet peeve: an opportunity for complaint that is seldom missed grammatical mistakes are his pet peeve
whimper: a complaint uttered in a plaintive whining way
lament: a cry of sorrow and grief their pitiful laments could be heard throughout the ward
informing: a speech act that conveys information
telling: informing by words
notice: advance notification (usually written) of the intention to withdraw from an arrangement of contract we received a notice to vacate the premises he gave notice two months before he moved
warning: notification of something, usually in advance they gave little warning of their arrival she had only had four days' warning before leaving Berlin
dismissal: official notice that you have been fired from your job
revelation: communication of knowledge to man by a divine or supernatural agency
disclosure: the speech act of making something evident
display: behavior that makes your feelings public a display of emotion
production: a display that is exaggerated or unduly complicated she tends to make a big production out of nothing
divulgence: the act of disclosing something that was secret or private
informing: to furnish incriminating evidence to an officer of the law (usually in return for favors)
leak: unauthorized (especially deliberate) disclosure of confidential information
exposure: the disclosure of something secret they feared exposure of their campaign plans
expose: the exposure of an impostor or a fraud he published an expose of the graft and corruption in city government
self-accusation: an admission that you have failed to do or be something you know you should do or be
concession: a point conceded or yielded they won all the concessions they asked for
sop: a concession given to mollify or placate the offer was a sop to my feelings
stipulation: (law) an agreement or concession made by parties in a judicial proceeding (or by their attorneys) relating to the business before the court; must be in writing unless they are part of the court record a stipulation of fact was made in order to avoid delay
presentation: formally making a person known to another or to the public
report: the act of informing by verbal report he heard reports that they were causing trouble by all accounts they were a happy couple
megillah: (Yiddish) a long boring tediously detailed account he insisted on giving us the whole megillah
report: a written document describing the findings of some individual or group this accords with the recent study by Hill and Dale
skinny: confidential information about a topic or person he wanted the inside skinny on the new partner
stuff: information in some unspecified form it was stuff I had heard before there's good stuff in that book
white book: a government report; bound in white
report card: a written evaluation of a student's scholarship and deportment his father signed his report card
narration: the act of giving an account describing incidents or a course of events his narration was hesitant
narrative: a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program his narrative was interesting Disney's stories entertain adults as well as children
canterbury tales: an uncompleted series of tales written after 1387 by Geoffrey Chaucer
recital: a detailed account or description of something he was forced to listen to a recital of his many shortcomings
folktale: a tale circulated by word of mouth among the common folk
arabian nights' entertainment: a collection of folktales in Arabic dating from the 10th century
sob story: a sentimental story (or drama) of personal distress; designed to arouse sympathy
fairytale: a story about fairies; told to amuse children
relation: an act of narration he was the hero according to his own relation his endless recounting of the incident eventually became unbearable
gossip: a report (often malicious) about the behavior of other people the divorce caused much gossip
rumor: gossip (usually a mixture of truth and untruth) passed around by word of mouth
grapevine: gossip spread by spoken communication the news of their affair was spread by word of mouth
scandal: disgraceful gossip about the private lives of other people
talk: idle gossip or rumor there has been talk about you lately
warning: a message informing of danger a warning that still more bombs could explode
wake-up call: a warning to take action concerning something that was overlooked or neglected the bombing was a wake-up call to strengthen domestic security
alert: a warning serves to make you more alert to danger
emergency alert system: a federal warning system that is activated by FEMA; enables the President to take over the United States airwaves to warn the whole country of major catastrophic events
caution: a warning against certain acts a caveat against unfair practices
forewarning: an early warning about a future event
heads-up: a warning message he sent a heads-up to the District Attorney
threat: a warning that something unpleasant is imminent they were under threat of arrest
oath: a solemn promise, usually invoking a divine witness, regarding your future acts or behavior they took an oath of allegiance
hippocratic oath: an oath taken by physicians to observe medical ethics deriving from Hippocrates
parole: a promise he gave his word
assurance: a statement intended to inspire confidence the President's assurances were not respected
clean bill of health: an assurance that someone is healthy or something is in good condition the doctor gave him a clean bill of health
assurance: a binding commitment to do or give or refrain from something an assurance of help when needed signed a pledge never to reveal the secret
plight: a solemn pledge of fidelity
betrothal: a mutual promise to marry
vow: a solemn pledge (to oneself or to another or to a deity) to do something or to behave in a certain manner they took vows of poverty
appreciation: an expression of gratitude he expressed his appreciation in a short note
bow: an appearance by actors or performers at the end of the concert or play in order to acknowledge the applause of the audience
boast: speaking of yourself in superlatives
brag: an instance of boastful talk his brag is worse than his fight whenever he won we were exposed to his gasconade
braggadocio: vain and empty boasting
naming: the verbal act of naming the part he failed was the naming of state capitals
indication: the act of indicating or pointing out by name
dare: a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy he could never refuse a dare
calling into question: a challenge to defend what someone has said
gauntlet: to offer or accept a challenge threw down the gauntlet took up the gauntlet
explanation: the act of explaining; making something plain or intelligible I heard his explanation of the accident
denunciation: a public act of denouncing
fulmination: thunderous verbal attack
tirade: a speech of violent denunciation
execration: an appeal to some supernatural power to inflict evil on someone or some group
imprecation: the act of calling down a curse that invokes evil (and usually serves as an insult) he suffered the imprecations of the mob
accusation: a formal charge of wrongdoing brought against a person; the act of imputing blame or guilt
recital: a detailed statement giving facts and figures his wife gave a recital of his infidelities
recitation: a public instance of reciting or repeating (from memory) something prepared in advance the program included songs and recitations of well-loved poems
indictment: a formal document written for a prosecuting attorney charging a person with some offense
murder charge: an indictment charging someone with murder
allegation: (law) a formal accusation against somebody (often in a court of law) an allegation of malpractice
lodgment: bringing a charge or accusation against someone
imputation: a statement attributing something dishonest (especially a criminal offense) he denied the imputation
finger-pointing: the imputation of blame they want all the finger-pointing about intelligence failures to stop
indictment: an accusation of wrongdoing the book is an indictment of modern philosophy
preferment: the act of making accusations preferment of charges
incrimination: an accusation that you are responsible for some lapse or misdeed his incrimination was based on my testimony the police laid the blame on the driver
unspoken accusation: an accusation that is understood without needing to be spoken
insinuation: an indirect (and usually malicious) implication
address: the act of delivering a formal spoken communication to an audience he listened to an address on minor Roman poets
gettysburg address: a three-minute address by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War at the dedication of a national cemetery on the site of the Battle of Gettysburg (November 19, 1863)
impromptu: an extemporaneous speech or remark a witty impromptu must not sound premeditated
inaugural address: an address delivered at an inaugural ceremony (especially by a United States president)
keynote speech: a speech setting forth the keynote
lecture: a speech that is open to the public he attended a lecture on telecommunications
litany: any long and tedious address or recital the patient recited a litany of complaints a litany of failures
nominating speech: an address (usually at a political convention) proposing the name of a candidate to run for election the nomination was brief and to the point
oratory: addressing an audience formally (usually a long and rhetorical address and often pompous) he loved the sound of his own oratory
oration: an instance of oratory he delivered an oration on the decline of family values
public speaking: delivering an address to a public audience people came to see the candidates and hear the speechmaking
debate: the formal presentation of a stated proposition and the opposition to it (usually followed by a vote)
epideictic oratory: a type of oratory used to eulogize or condemn a person or group of people Pericles' funeral oration for Athenians killed in the Peloponnesian War is a famous example of epideictic oratory