AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
red gum: very large red gum tree
river red gum: somewhat crooked red gum tree growing chiefly along rivers; has durable reddish lumber used in heavy construction
mountain swamp gum: medium-sized swamp gum of New South Wales and Victoria
snow gum: small to medium-sized tree of Australia and Tasmania having smooth white to light-grey bark shedding in patches or strips
alpine ash: tall timber tree with hard heavy pinkish or light brown wood
white mallee: small shrubby mallee
white stringybark: stringybark having white wood
white mountain ash: large tree with dark compact bark on lower trunk but smooth and white above; yields lumber similar to that of European or American ashes
blue gum: tall fast-growing timber tree with leaves containing a medicinal oil; young leaves are bluish
rose gum: very tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales
cider gum: small to medium-sized tree of Tasmania
swamp gum: medium-sized tree of southern Australia
spotted gum: large gum tree with mottled bark
lemon-scented gum: similar to but smaller than the spotted gum and having lemon-scented leaves
black mallee: a small mallee with rough dark-colored bark toward the butt; yields a red eucalyptus kino gum
forest red gum: tall tree of Queensland and New South Wales and Victoria
mountain ash: tree having wood similar to the alpine ash; tallest tree in Australia and tallest hardwood in the world
manna gum: tall tree yielding a false manna
eucalyptus gum: reddish-brown dried gummy exudation from any of several trees of the genus Eucalyptus especially Eucalyptus camaldulensis
syzygium: a tropical evergreen tree of the myrtle family native to the East Indies but cultivated elsewhere
clove: moderate sized very symmetrical red-flowered evergreen widely cultivated in the tropics for its flower buds which are source of cloves
nyssaceae: a family of dicotyledonous trees of order Myrtales that includes the sour gum trees
nyssa: tupelos: deciduous trees of moist habitats especially swamps and beside ponds
tupelo: any of several gum trees of swampy areas of North America
water gum: columnar swamp tree of southeastern to midwestern North America yielding pale soft easily worked wood
sour gum: columnar tree of eastern North America having horizontal limbs and small leaves that emerge late in spring and have brilliant color in early fall
onagraceae: a large and widely distributed family of plants of the order Myrtales
circaea: enchanter's nightshade
alpine enchanter's nightshade: an Alpine variety of enchanter's nightshade
circaea lutetiana: tall evening primrose with inconspicuous flowers
epilobium: large widely distributed genus of herbs and subshrubs of especially western North America and Arctic areas
fireweed: tall North American perennial with creeping rootstocks and narrow leaves and spikes of pinkish-purple flowers occurring in great abundance in burned-over areas or recent clearings; an important honey plant
california fuchsia: shrublet of southwestern United States to Mexico having brilliant scarlet flowers
hairy willowherb: plant of Europe and Asia having purplish-red flowers and hairy stems and leaves; introduced into North America
genus fuchsia: large genus of decorative tropical shrubs with pendulous tetramerous flowers
lady's-eardrop: erect or climbing shrub of Brazil with deep pink to red flowers
konini: erect deciduous shrub or tree to 10 feet with maroon flowers; New Zealand
oenothera: chiefly North American herbs with usually nocturnal flowers
common evening primrose: a coarse biennial of eastern North America with yellow flowers that open in the evening; naturalized in Europe
sundrops: a day-flowering biennial or perennial of the genus Oenothera
missouri primrose: evening-opening primrose of south central United States
punicaceae: one species: pomegranates
punica: coextensive with the family Punicaceae
pomegranate: shrub or small tree native to southwestern Asia having large red many-seeded fruit
rhizophoraceae: trees and shrubs that usually form dense jungles along tropical seacoasts
rhizophora: type genus of the Rhizophoraceae; a small genus of tropical trees and shrubs
mangrove: a tropical tree or shrub bearing fruit that germinates while still on the tree and having numerous prop roots that eventually form an impenetrable mass and are important in land building
thymelaeaceae: family of trees and shrubs and herbs having tough bark that are found especially in Australia and tropical Africa
genus daphne: usually evergreen Eurasian shrubs
garland flower: widely cultivated low evergreen shrub with dense clusters of fragrant pink to deep rose flowers
spurge laurel: bushy Eurasian shrub with glossy leathery oblong leaves and yellow-green flowers
mezereon: small European deciduous shrub with fragrant lilac-colored flowers followed by red berries on highly toxic twigs
dirca: deciduous shrub of North America: leatherwood
leatherwood: deciduous shrub of eastern North America having tough flexible branches and pliable bark and small yellow flowers
trapaceae: family comprising solely the genus Trapa; in some classifications treated as a subfamily or tribe of the family Onagraceae
trapa: small genus of Eurasian aquatic perennial herbs: water chestnut
water chestnut: a plant of the genus Trapa bearing spiny four-pronged edible nutlike fruits
water caltrop: a variety of water chestnut
ling: water chestnut whose spiny fruit has two rather than 4 prongs
melastomataceae: a family of trees and bushes and herbs of order Myrtales; many are cultivated as ornamentals
melastoma: type genus of Melastomataceae; Asiatic shrubs with leathery leaves and large purple flowers followed by edible fleshy black berries
indian rhododendron: evergreen spreading shrub of India and southeastern Asia having large purple flowers
medinilla: tropical Old World ornamental evergreen shrubs having fleshy leaves and large panicles of white pink flowers
medinilla magnifica: a beautiful tropical evergreen epiphytic shrub grown for its lush foliage and huge panicles of pink flowers; Philippines
rhexia: deer grass
deer grass: any of several plants of the genus Rhexia usually having pink-purple to magenta flowers; eastern North America
musales: tropical plants
cannaceae: coextensive with the genus Canna
genus canna: type and sole genus of the Cannaceae: perennial lily-like herbs of New World tropics
canna lily: plants grown for their large bright yellow to red flowers
achira: canna grown especially for its edible rootstock from which arrowroot starch is obtained
marantaceae: tropical perennial herbs with usually starchy rhizomes
genus maranta: herbs of tropical America
arrowroot: white-flowered West Indian plant whose root yields arrowroot starch
musaceae: treelike tropical Asian herbs
musa: type genus of the Musaceae: bananas
banana: any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits
dwarf banana: low-growing Asian banana tree cultivated especially in the West Indies for its clusters of edible yellow fruit
japanese banana: Asiatic banana plant cultivated especially as a foliage plant in Japan
plantain: a banana tree bearing hanging clusters of edible angular greenish starchy fruits; tropics and subtropics
edible banana: widely cultivated species of banana trees bearing compact hanging clusters of commercially important edible yellow fruit
abaca: Philippine banana tree having leafstalks that yield Manila hemp used for rope and paper etc
ensete: Old World tropical herbs: Abyssinian bananas
abyssinian banana: large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa
strelitziaceae: woody plants with erect stems of tropical South America and South Africa and Madagascar; in some classifications included in the family Musaceae
strelitzia: small genus of large perennial evergreen herbs having leaves resembling those of banana plants; sometimes placed in family Musaceae
bird of paradise: ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird
genus ravenala: woody tropical plants with tall trunks; sometimes placed in family Musaceae
traveler's tree: giant treelike plant having edible nuts and leafstalks that yield a refreshing drink of clear watery sap; reputedly an emergency source of water for travelers
zingiberaceae: a family of tropical monocotyledonous plants of order Musales
zingiber: tropical Asiatic and Polynesian perennial plants: ginger
common ginger: tropical Asian plant widely cultivated for its pungent root; source of gingerroot and powdered ginger
curcuma: tropical Asiatic perennial herbs
turmeric: widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye
alpinia: perennial rhizomatous herbs of Asia and Australia and Polynesia having ginger-scented rhizomes
galangal: southeastern Asian perennial with aromatic roots
lesser galangal: Chinese perennial with pyramidal racemes of white flowers and pungent aromatic roots used medicinally and as flavoring
red ginger: an ornamental ginger native to Pacific islands
shellflower: cultivated for its shining oblong leaves and arching clusters of white flowers with pink shading and crinkled yellow lips with variegated magenta stripes
aframomum: an African genus of plants of the family Zingiberaceae
grains of paradise: West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds
elettaria: cardamom
cardamom: rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning
dilleniidae: a group of families of more or less advanced trees and shrubs and herbs having either polypetalous or gamopetalous corollas and often with ovules attached to the walls of the ovary; contains 69 families including Ericaceae and Cruciferae and Malvaceae; sometimes classified as a superorder
parietales: a large order of dicotyledonous plants of subclass Dilleniidae
guttiferales: used in some classifications; coextensive with Parietales
begoniaceae: monoecious succulent herbs or shrubs of tropical and warm regions especially America
genus begonia: large genus of tropical succulent plants widely cultivated
christmas begonia: hybrid winter-blooming begonia grown for its many large pink flowers
angel-wing begonia: South American fibrous-rooted begonias having prominent basal leaf lobes suggesting angels' wings and racemes of coral-red flowers
grape-leaf begonia: tuberous or semi-tuberous South African begonia having shallowly lobed ovate leaves and small white flowers
beefsteak begonia: rhizomatous begonia with roundish fleshy leaves reddish colored beneath
star begonia: rhizomatous begonia having leaves with pointed lobes suggestive of stars and pink flowers
rex begonia: any of numerous usually rhizomatous hybrid begonias derived from an East Indian plant having rough-textured leaves patterned in silver and bronze and purple and red-brown with inconspicuous flowers
wax begonia: hybrid fibrous-rooted begonia having broad-ovate green to bronze-red leaves and small clusters of white or pink or red flowers; widely used as a bedding plant
socotra begonia: semi-tuberous begonia having peltate leaves and rose-pink flowers; Yemen
hybrid tuberous begonia: any of numerous hybrid begonias having tuberous roots and variously colored flowers
dilleniaceae: chiefly tropical shrubs and trees and climbers having leathery leaves or flattened leaflike stems: genera Dillenia and Hibbertia
genus dillenia: East Indian and Australian shrubs and trees having panicles of large white or yellow flowers
hibbertia: evergreen heathlike or scandent shrubs of Madagascar; Australasia; Polynesia
guinea gold vine: any of several Australasian evergreen vines widely cultivated in warm regions for their large bright yellow single flowers
guttiferae: widely distributed family of chiefly tropical trees and shrubs and vines that produce oils and resins and some usable timber
calophyllum: genus of tropical evergreen trees
calaba: West Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers and yielding a durable timber and resinous juice
maria: valuable timber tree of Panama
laurelwood: tropical American tree; valued for its hard durable wood
alexandrian laurel: East Indian tree having racemes of fragrant white flowers; coastal areas southern India to Malaysia
genus clusia: tropical American aromatic trees or shrubs; often epiphytic; some stranglers
wild fig: a West Indies clusia having fig-shaped fruit
waxflower: epiphytic clusia of British Guiana
pitch apple: a common tropical American clusia having solitary white or rose flowers
garcinia: evergreen trees and shrubs: mangosteens
mangosteen: East Indian tree with thick leathery leaves and edible fruit
gamboge tree: low spreading tree of Indonesia yielding an orange to brown gum resin (gamboge) used as a pigment when powdered
hypericaceae: used in some classification systems for plants usually included among the Guttiferae
hypericum: large almost cosmopolitan genus of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and herbs with often showy yellow flowers; cosmopolitan except tropical lowlands and Arctic or high altitudes and desert regions
st john's wort: any of numerous plants of the genus Hypericum having yellow flowers and transparently dotted leaves; traditionally gathered on St John's eve to ward off evil
common st john's wort: deciduous bushy Eurasian shrub with golden yellow flowers and reddish-purple fruits from which a soothing salve is made in Spain
great st john's wort: perennial shrub having large star-shaped yellow flowers in narrowly pyramidal cymes
creeping st john's wort: creeping evergreen shrub with bright yellow star-shaped summer flowers; useful as ground cover
orange grass: annual wiry-stemmed North American weed with minute scalelike leaves and small yellow flowers
st andrews's cross: shrubby plant having yellow to apricot flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; southeastern United States: New York to Texas
low st andrew's cross: low shrubby plant having yellow flowers with four petals arranged in a cross; Bermuda and southeastern United States to West Indies and eastern Mexico
klammath weed: yellow-flowered perennial common in fields and waste places but a weed in rangelands
shrubby st john's wort: stiff shrub having oblong entire leaves and dense cymes of yellow flowers
st peter's wort: European perennial St John's wort; Ireland and France to western Siberia
marsh st-john's wort: perennial marsh herb with pink to mauve flowers; southeastern United States
mammea: American and Asiatic trees having edible one-seeded fruit
mammee apple: tropical American tree having edible fruit with a leathery rind
mesua: genus of tropical Asiatic trees having large solitary flowers
rose chestnut: handsome East Indian evergreen tree often planted as an ornamental for its fragrant white flowers that yield a perfume; source of very heavy hardwood used for railroad ties
actinidiaceae: tropical trees or shrubs or woody vines
actinidia: small Asiatic woody vine bearing many-seeded fruit
bower actinidia: climbing Asiatic vine having long finely serrate leaves and racemes of white flowers followed by greenish-yellow edible fruit
chinese gooseberry: climbing vine native to China; cultivated in New Zealand for its fuzzy edible fruit with green meat
silvervine: ornamental vine of eastern Asia having yellow edible fruit and leaves with silver-white markings
canellaceae: one genus: aromatic tropical trees of eastern Africa and Florida to West Indies
genus canella: one species
wild cinnamon: large evergreen shrub or small tree having white aromatic bark and leathery leaves and small purple to red flowers in terminal cymes
canella: highly aromatic inner bark of the Canella winterana used as a condiment and a tonic
caricaceae: trees native to tropical America and Africa with milky juice and large palmately lobed leaves
carica: type genus of the Caricaceae; tropical American trees: papayas
papaya: tropical American shrub or small tree having huge deeply palmately cleft leaves and large oblong yellow fruit
caryocaraceae: small genus of tropical South American trees
caryocar: type genus of the Caryocaraceae; South American trees yielding strong fine-grained wood and edible nuts
souari: large South American evergreen tree trifoliate leaves and drupes with nutlike seeds used as food and a source of cooking oil
cistaceae: shrubs or woody herbs of temperate regions especially Mediterranean
cistus: small to medium-sized evergreen shrubs of southern Europe and North Africa
rockrose: small shrubs of scrub and dry woodland regions of southern Europe and North Africa; grown for their showy flowers and soft often downy and aromatic evergreen foliage
white-leaved rockrose: compact white pubescent shrub of southwestern Europe having pink flowers
common gum cistus: shrub having white flowers and viscid stems and leaves yielding a fragrant oleoresin used in perfumes especially as a fixative
labdanum: a soft blackish-brown resinous exudate from various rockroses used in perfumes especially as a fixative
genus helianthemum: widely distributed evergreen or semi-evergreen shrublets; America; Europe and North Africa to Asia Minor and central Asia
helianthemum: any plant of the genus Helianthemum; vigorous plants of stony alpine meadows and dry scrub regions
frostweed: perennial of the eastern United States having early solitary yellow flowers followed by late petalless flowers; so-called because ice crystals form on it during first frosts
rockrose: any of numerous varieties of helianthemums having small rose-like yellow or white or reddish flowers
rush rose: woody yellow-flowered perennial of southeastern United States
hudsonia: small evergreen subshrubs of North America
false heather: North American decumbent evergreen heathlike plant with yellow flowers
beach heather: small heathlike plant covered with white down growing on beaches in northeastern North America
dipterocarpaceae: chiefly tropical Asian trees with two-winged fruits; yield valuable woods and aromatic oils and resins
shorea: genus of Indonesian and Malaysian timber trees rich in resin
red lauan: valuable Philippine timber tree
flacourtiaceae: chiefly tropical trees and shrubs
flacourtia: often spiny trees or shrubs of tropical Asia and Africa
governor's plum: small shrubby tree of Madagascar cultivated in tropical regions as a hedge plant and for its deep red acid fruits resembling small plums
dovyalis: small genus of sometimes spiny shrubs or small trees; Africa; India; Sri Lanka
kei apple: vigorous South African spiny shrub grown for its round yellow juicy edible fruits
ketembilla: a small shrubby spiny tree cultivated for its maroon-purple fruit with sweet purple pulp tasting like gooseberries; Sri Lanka and India
hydnocarpus: medium to large Indonesian and Malaysian trees
chaulmoogra: East Indian tree with oily seeds yield chaulmoogra oil used to treat leprosy
hydnocarpus laurifolia: leathery-leaved tree of western India bearing round fruits with brown densely hairy rind enclosing oily pulp that yields hydnocarpus oil
genus idesia: one species
idesia: deciduous roundheaded Asiatic tree widely grown in mild climates as an ornamental for its heart-shaped leaves and fragrant yellow-green flowers followed by hanging clusters of fleshy orange-red berries
kiggelaria: small genus of South African shrubs or small trees
wild peach: large much-branched shrub grown primarily for its evergreen foliage
genus xylosma: genus of tropical American and Asiatic spiny evergreen trees and shrubs
xylosma: shrub or small tree grown as an ornamental in mild climates for its neat evergreen foliage and fragrant late flowers; native of China
fouquieriaceae: small family of spiny shrubs or trees of southwestern United States
fouquieria: resinous succulent trees or shrubs of desert and semidesert regions of southwestern United States that are leafless most of the year
ocotillo: desert shrub of southwestern United States and Mexico having slender naked spiny branches that after the rainy season put forth foliage and clusters of red flowers
boojum tree: candlewood of Mexico and southwestern California having tall columnar stems and bearing honey-scented creamy yellow flowers
ochnaceae: family of tropical evergreen trees and shrubs with thick shining parallel-veined leaves
ochna: type genus of Ochnaceae; evergreen trees and shrubs of Old World tropics
bird's-eye bush: shrub with narrow-elliptic glossy evergreen leaves and yellow flowers with leathery petaloid sepals
passifloraceae: tropical woody tendril-climbing vines
passiflora: type genus of the Passifloraceae
passionflower: any of various chiefly tropical American vines some bearing edible fruit
granadilla: Brazilian passionflower cultivated for its deep purple fruit
granadilla: considered best for fruit
granadilla: tropical American passionflower yielding the large granadilla fruit
maypop: of southern United States; having an insipid berry the size of a hen egg
jamaica honeysuckle: West Indian passionflower; cultivated for its yellow edible fruit
banana passion fruit: cultivated for fruit
sweet calabash: West Indian passionflower with edible apple-sized fruit
love-in-a-mist: tropical American passion flower with finely dissected bracts; stems malodorous when crushed
resedaceae: mainly Mediterranean herbs: mignonette
genus reseda: Old World genus of herbs having racemose flowers: mignonette; dyer's rocket
mignonette: Mediterranean woody annual widely cultivated for its dense terminal spikelike clusters greenish or yellowish white flowers having an intense spicy fragrance
dyer's rocket: European mignonette cultivated as a source of yellow dye; naturalized in North America
tamaricaceae: family of desert shrubs and trees (mostly halophytes and xerophytes)
tamarix: genus of deciduous shrubs or small trees of eastern Mediterranean regions and tropical Asia
myricaria: small genus of deciduous shrubs or subshrubs of southern Europe to Siberia and China; tolerant of chalky soil
false tamarisk: Eurasian shrub resembling the tamarisk
violaceae: a family of order Parietales including the genera Viola, Hybanthus, Hymenanthera, Melicytus
viola: large genus of flowering herbs of temperate regions
field pansy: common Old World viola with creamy often violet-tinged flowers
american dog violet: violet of eastern North America having pale violet to white flowers
sweet white violet: short-stemmed violet of eastern North America having fragrant purple-veined white flowers
canada violet: tall North American perennial with heart-shaped leaves and white flowers with purple streaks
dog violet: Old World leafy-stemmed blue-flowered violet
horned violet: European viola with an unusually long corolla spur
two-eyed violet: violet of Pacific coast of North America having white petals tinged with yellow and deep violet
sweet violet: European violet typically having purple to white flowers; widely naturalized
bird's-foot violet: common violet of the eastern United States with large pale blue or purple flowers resembling pansies
downy yellow violet: violet of eastern North America having softly pubescent leaves and stems and clear yellow flowers with brown-purple veins
long-spurred violet: violet of eastern North America having lilac-purple flowers with a long slender spur
pale violet: leafy-stemmed violet of eastern North America having large white or creamy flowers faintly marked with purple
hedge violet: common European violet that grows in woods and hedgerows
pansy: large-flowered garden plant derived chiefly from the wild pansy of Europe and having velvety petals of various colors
wild pansy: a common and long cultivated European herb from which most common garden pansies are derived
hybanthus: a genus of herbs and small shrubs with white or purple flowers; grows in tropical or subtropical regions
hymenanthera: a genus of slender evergreen shrubs; grow in Australia and New Zealand
melicytus: a genus of deciduous shrubs or trees; fruit is a berry; grow in New Zealand and Fiji and Solomon Islands
urticales: an order of dicotyledonous plants including Moraceae and Urticaceae and Ulmaceae
urticaceae: a family of plants of order Urticales including many nettles with stinging hairs
urtica: a nettle yielding fiber resembling flax