AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
flatness: a want of animation or brilliance the almost self-conscious flatness of Hemingway's style
formulation: the style of expressing yourself he suggested a better formulation his manner of expression showed how much he cared
grandiosity: high-flown style; excessive use of verbal ornamentation the grandiosity of his prose an excessive ornateness of language
honorific: an expression of respect the Japanese use many honorifics
manner of speaking: your characteristic style or manner of expressing yourself orally his manner of speaking was quite abrupt her speech was barren of southernisms I detected a slight accent in his speech
music genre: an expressive style of music
saltiness: language or humor that is down-to-earth the saltiness of their language was inappropriate self-parody and saltiness riddled their core genre
articulation: expressing in coherent verbal form the articulation of my feelings I gave voice to my feelings
archaism: the use of an archaic expression
verbalization: the activity of expressing something in words
verbalization: the words that are spoken in the activity of verbalization
parlance: a manner of speaking that is natural to native speakers of a language
americanism: an expression that is characteristic of English as spoken by Americans
anglicism: an expression that is used in Great Britain (especially as contrasted with American English)
gallicism: a word or phrase borrowed from French
wording: the manner in which something is expressed in words; - G.S.Patton use concise military verbiage
paralanguage: the use of manner of speaking to communicate particular meanings
tongue: a manner of speaking he spoke with a thick tongue she has a glib tongue
tone: the quality of a person's voice he began in a conversational tone he spoke in a nervous tone of voice
note: a tone of voice that shows what the speaker is feeling there was a note of uncertainty in his voice
roundness: the fullness of a tone of voice there is a musky roundness to his wordiness
undertone: a quiet or hushed tone of voice spoke in undertones
barrage: the rapid and continuous delivery of linguistic communication (spoken or written) a barrage of questions a bombardment of mail complaining about his mistake
prosody: the patterns of stress and intonation in a language
modulation: a manner of speaking in which the loudness or pitch or tone of the voice is modified
intonation: rise and fall of the voice pitch
monotone: an unchanging intonation
enjambment: the continuation of a syntactic unit from one line of verse into the next line without a pause
stress: the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch) he put the stress on the wrong syllable
tonic accent: emphasis that results from pitch rather than loudness
word stress: the distribution of stresses within a polysyllabic word
rhythm: the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements the rhythm of Frost's poetry
rhythm: the basic rhythmic unit in a piece of music the piece has a fast rhythm the conductor set the beat
upbeat: an unaccented beat (especially the last beat of a measure)
transition: a musical passage moving from one key to another
bombast: pompous or pretentious talk or writing
sensationalism: the journalistic use of subject matter that appeals to vulgar tastes the tabloids relied on sensationalism to maintain their circulation
turn of phrase: a distinctive spoken or written expression John's succinct turn of phrase persuaded her that it would not be a good idea
conceit: a witty or ingenious turn of phrase he could always come up with some inspired off-the-wall conceit
conciseness: terseness and economy in writing and speaking achieved by expressing a great deal in just a few words
crispness: an expressive style that is direct and to the point the crispness of his reply
laconism: terseness of expression
vein: a distinctive style or manner he continued in this vein for several minutes
verboseness: an expressive style that uses excessive or empty words
verbiage: overabundance of words
prolixity: boring verbosity
circumlocution: a style that involves indirect ways of expressing things
turgidity: pompously embellished language
repetitiveness: verboseness resulting from excessive repetitions
pleonasm: using more words than necessary a tiny little child
tautology: useless repetition to say that something is `adequate enough' is a tautology
tautology: (logic) a statement that is necessarily true the statement `he is brave or he is not brave' is a tautology
apocope: abbreviation of a word by omitting the final sound or sounds the British get `pud' from `pudding' by apocope
writing style: a style of expressing yourself in writing
form: an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse the essay was in the form of a dialogue he first sketches the plot in outline form
poetry: literature in metrical form
heroic poetry: poetry celebrating the deeds of some hero
poetic rhythm: (prosody) a system of versification
meter: (prosody) the accent in a metrical foot of verse
common measure: the usual (iambic) meter of a ballad
metrical foot: (prosody) a group of 2 or 3 syllables forming the basic unit of poetic rhythm
iamb: a metrical unit with unstressed-stressed syllables
anapest: a metrical unit with unstressed-unstressed-stressed syllables
pyrrhic: a metrical unit with unstressed-unstressed syllables
rhyme: correspondence in the sounds of two or more lines (especially final sounds)
alliteration: use of the same consonant at the beginning of each stressed syllable in a line of verse around the rock the ragged rascal ran
assonance: the repetition of similar vowels in the stressed syllables of successive words
consonance: the repetition of consonants (or consonant patterns) especially at the ends of words
double rhyme: a two-syllable rhyme `ended' and `blended' form a double rhyme
anacoluthia: an abrupt change within a sentence from one syntactic structure to another
anadiplosis: repetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the next
epiphora: repetition of the ends of two or more successive sentences, verses, etc.
polyptoton: repetition of a word in a different case or inflection in the same sentence My own heart's heart
epanaphora: repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses
anastrophe: the reversal of the normal order of words
ecphonesis: an exclamatory rhetorical device O tempore! O mores
epanorthosis: immediate rephrasing for intensification or justification Seems, madam! Nay, it is
litotes: understatement for rhetorical effect (especially when expressing an affirmative by negating its contrary) saying `I was not a little upset' when you mean `I was very upset' is an example of litotes
paralepsis: suggesting by deliberately concise treatment that much of significance is omitted
trope: language used in a figurative or nonliteral sense
hyperbole: extravagant exaggeration
dead metaphor: a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression (e.g., `he is a snake' may once have been a metaphor but after years of use it has died and become a new sense of the word `snake')
personification: representing an abstract quality or idea as a person or creature
zeugma: use of a word to govern two or more words though appropriate to only one `Mr. Pickwick took his hat and his leave' is an example of zeugma
speech: (language) communication by word of mouth his speech was garbled he uttered harsh language he recorded the spoken language of the streets
words: the words that are spoken I listened to his words very closely
utterance: the use of uttered sounds for auditory communication
speech: the exchange of spoken words they were perfectly comfortable together without speech
voice: the sound made by the vibration of vocal folds modified by the resonance of the vocal tract a singer takes good care of his voice the giraffe cannot make any vocalizations
phone: (phonetics) an individual sound unit of speech without concern as to whether or not it is a phoneme of some language
grade: a degree of ablaut
vowel: a speech sound made with the vocal tract open
accentual system: the system of accentuation used in a particular language
consonant system: the system of consonants used in a particular language
phonological system: the system of phones used in a particular language
tone system: the system of tones used in a particular language or dialect of a tone language
vowel system: the system of vowels used in a particular language
schwa: a neutral middle vowel; occurs in unstressed syllables
murmur vowel: a schwa that is incidental to the pronunciation of a consonant
stem vowel: a vowel that ends a stem and precedes an inflection
semivowel: a vowellike sound that serves as a consonant
alveolar consonant: a consonant articulated with the tip of the tongue near the gum ridge
stop consonant: a consonant produced by stopping the flow of air at some point and suddenly releasing it his stop consonants are too aspirated
plosion: the terminal forced release of pressure built up during the occlusive phase of a stop consonant
labial consonant: a consonant whose articulation involves movement of the lips
labiodental consonant: a consonant whose articulation involves the lips and teeth
glottal stop: a stop consonant articulated by releasing pressure at the glottis; as in the sudden onset of a vowel
epenthesis: the insertion of a vowel or consonant into a word to make its pronunciation easier the insertion of a vowel in the plural of the word `bush' is epenthesis
nasalization: the act of nasalizing; the utterance of sounds modulated by the nasal resonators
suction stop: a stop consonant made by the suction of air into the mouth (as in Bantu)
continuant consonant: consonant articulated by constricting (but not closing) the vocal tract
fricative consonant: a continuant consonant produced by breath moving against a narrowing of the vocal tract
sibilant: a consonant characterized by a hissing sound (like s or sh)
affricate: a composite speech sound consisting of a stop and a fricative articulated at the same point (as `ch' in `chair' and `j' in `joy')
nasal consonant: a consonant produced through the nose with the mouth closed
orinasal phone: a speech sound produced with both the oral and nasal passages open (as French nasal vowels)
geminate: a doubled or long consonant the `n' in `thinness' is a geminate
surd: a consonant produced without sound from the vocal cords
velar: a consonant produced with the back of the tongue touching or near the soft palate
guttural: a consonant articulated in the back of the mouth or throat
sonant: a speech sound accompanied by sound from the vocal cords
cry: a loud utterance; often in protest or opposition the speaker was interrupted by loud cries from the rear of the audience
cry: a loud utterance of emotion (especially when inarticulate) a cry of rage a yell of pain
bellow: a very loud utterance (like the sound of an animal) his bellow filled the hallway
blue murder: an extravagantly loud outcry she screamed blue murder
clamor: loud and persistent outcry from many people he ignored the clamor of the crowd
halloo: a shout to attract attention he gave a great halloo but no one heard him
noise: a loud outcry of protest or complaint the announcement of the election recount caused a lot of noise whatever it was he didn't like it and he was going to let them know by making as loud a noise as he could
scream: sharp piercing cry her screaming attracted the neighbors
war cry: a yell intended to rally a group of soldiers in battle
yelling: uttering a loud inarticulate cry as of pain or excitement
boo: a cry or noise made to express displeasure or contempt
obscenity: an offensive or indecent word or phrase
bawdry: lewd or obscene talk or writing it was smoking-room bawdry they published a collection of Elizabethan bawdy
curse: profane or obscene expression usually of surprise or anger expletives were deleted
croak: a harsh hoarse utterance (as of a frog)
exclamation: an abrupt excited utterance she gave an exclamation of delight there was much exclaiming over it
devil: a word used in exclamations of confusion what the devil the deuce with it the dickens you say
ejaculation: an abrupt emphatic exclamation expressing emotion
groan: an utterance expressing pain or disapproval
hem: the utterance of a sound similar to clearing the throat; intended to get attention, express hesitancy, fill a pause, hide embarrassment, warn a friend, etc.
howl: a long loud emotional utterance he gave a howl of pain howls of laughter their howling had no effect
laugh: the sound of laughing
chortle: a soft partly suppressed laugh
guffaw: a burst of deep loud hearty laughter
hee-haw: a loud laugh that sounds like a horse neighing
snicker: a disrespectful laugh
paging: calling out the name of a person (especially by a loudspeaker system) the public address system in the hospital was used for paging
pronunciation: the way a word or a language is customarily spoken the pronunciation of Chinese is difficult for foreigners that is the correct pronunciation
pronunciation: the manner in which someone utters a word they are always correcting my pronunciation
sibilation: pronunciation with a sibilant (hissing or whistling) sound
exultation: the utterance of sounds expressing great joy
sigh: an utterance made by exhaling audibly
speaking: the utterance of intelligible speech
speech: something spoken he could hear them uttering merry speeches
sputter: an utterance (of words) with spitting sounds (as in rage)
whisper: speaking softly without vibration of the vocal cords
rasp: uttering in an irritated tone
accent: distinctive manner of oral expression he couldn't suppress his contemptuous accent she had a very clear speech pattern
retroflection: an articulatory gesture made by turning the tip of the tongue back against the roof of the mouth
enunciation: the articulation of speech regarded from the point of view of its intelligibility to the audience
syncope: (phonology) the loss of sounds from within a word (as in `fo'c'sle' for `forecastle')
thickness: indistinct articulation judging from the thickness of his speech he had been drinking heavily
tongue twister: an expression that is difficult to articulate clearly `rubber baby buggy bumper' is a tongue twister
trill: the articulation of a consonant (especially the consonant `r') with a rapid flutter of the tongue against the palate or uvula he pronounced his R's with a distinct trill
phatic speech: conversational speech used to communicate sociability more than information
intercourse: communication between individuals
communion: sharing thoughts and feelings
exchange: a mutual expression of views (especially an unpleasant one) they had a bitter exchange
chat: an informal conversation
chitchat: light informal conversation for social occasions
gossiping: a conversation that spreads personal information about other people
talk: an exchange of ideas via conversation let's have more work and less talk around here
cant: insincere talk about religion or morals
dialogue: a conversation between two persons
heart-to-heart: an intimate talk in private he took me aside for a little heart-to-heart
wind: empty rhetoric or insincere or exaggerated talk that's a lot of wind don't give me any of that jazz
yak: noisy talk
prate: idle or foolish and irrelevant talk
nothings: inconsequential conversation they traded a few nothings as they parted
sweet nothings: inconsequential expressions of affection he whispered sweet nothings into her ear
detail: extended treatment of particulars the essay contained too much detail
discussion: an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic the book contains an excellent discussion of modal logic his treatment of the race question is badly biased
indirect discourse: a report of a discourse in which deictic terms are modified appropriately (e.g., ) he said `I am a fool' would be modified to `he said he is a fool'
direct discourse: a report of the exact words used in a discourse (e.g., ) he said `I am a fool'
consideration: a discussion of a topic (as in a meeting) consideration of the traffic problem took more than an hour
talk: discussion; (`talk about' is a less formal alternative for `discussion of') his poetry contains much talk about love and anger
expression: the communication (in speech or writing) of your beliefs or opinions expressions of good will he helped me find verbal expression for my ideas the idea was immediate but the verbalism took hours
cold turkey: a blunt expression of views I told him cold turkey
congratulation: (usually plural) an expression of pleasure at the success or good fortune of another I sent them my sincere congratulations on their marriage
discussion: an exchange of views on some topic we had a good discussion we had a word or two about it
argument: a discussion in which reasons are advanced for and against some proposition or proposal the argument over foreign aid goes on and on
deliberation: (usually plural) discussion of all sides of a question the deliberations of the jury
conference: a discussion among participants who have an agreed (serious) topic
consultation: a conference between two or more people to consider a particular question frequent consultations with his lawyer a consultation of several medical specialists
consultation: a conference (usually with someone important) he had a consultation with the judge he requested an audience with the king
postmortem: discussion of an event after it has occurred
public discussion: free and open discussion of (or debate on) some question of public interest such a proposal deserves thorough public discussion
huddle: (informal) a quick private conference
backgrounder: a press conference or interview in which a government official explains to reporters the background of an action or policy the secretary gave us a backgrounder on public health issues
press conference: a conference at which press and tv reporters ask questions of a politician or other celebrity
pretrial: (law) a conference held before the trial begins to bring the parties together to outline discovery proceedings and to define the issues to be tried; more useful in civil than in criminal cases
round table: a meeting of peers for discussion and exchange of views a roundtable on the future of computing
session: a meeting for execution of a group's functions it was the opening session of the legislature
teleconference: a conference of people who are in different locations that is made possible by the use of such telecommunications equipment as closed-circuit television
baseball clinic: a meeting at which baseball players receive special evaluation and instruction a summer baseball clinic for promising young players
executive session: a session (usually of a legislative body) that is closed to the public
hearing: a session (of a committee or grand jury) in which witnesses are called and testimony is taken the investigative committee will hold hearings in Chicago
negotiation: a discussion intended to produce an agreement the buyout negotiation lasted several days they disagreed but kept an open dialogue talks between Israelis and Palestinians
diplomacy: negotiation between nations
power politics: diplomacy in which the nations threaten to use force in order to obtain their objectives
recognition: the explicit and formal acknowledgement of a government or of the national independence of a country territorial disputes were resolved in Guatemala's recognition of Belize in 1991
shuttle diplomacy: international negotiations conducted by a mediator who frequently flies back and forth between the negotiating parties Kissinger's shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East
strategic arms limitation talks: negotiations between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics opened in 1969 in Helsinki designed to limit both countries' stock of nuclear weapons
haggle: an instance of intense argument (as in bargaining)
saying: a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations pardon the expression
anatomical reference: an expression that relates to anatomy
motto: a favorite saying of a sect or political group
catchphrase: a phrase that has become a catchword
mantra: a commonly repeated word or phrase she repeated `So pleased with how its going' at intervals like a mantra
war cry: a slogan used to rally support for a cause a cry to arms our watchword will be `democracy'
maxim: a saying that is widely accepted on its own merits
aphorism: a short pithy instructive saying
murphy's law: humorous axiom stating that anything that can go wrong will go wrong
epigram: a witty saying
proverb: a condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many people
platitude: a trite or obvious remark
idiom: an expression whose meanings cannot be inferred from the meanings of the words that make it up
ruralism: a rural idiom or expression
sumpsimus: a correct expression that takes the place of a popular but incorrect expression he preferred his erroneous but pleasing mumpsimus to the correct sumpsimus
baby talk: the developing speech of a young child
baby talk: an adult's imitation of the speech of a young child
dialect: the usage or vocabulary that is characteristic of a specific group of people the immigrants spoke an odd dialect of English he has a strong German accent it has been said that a language is a dialect with an army and navy
slang: a characteristic language of a particular group (as among thieves) they don't speak our lingo
rhyming slang: slang that replaces words with rhyming words or expressions and then typically omits the rhyming component Cockney rhyming slang
slang: informal language consisting of words and expressions that are not considered appropriate for formal occasions; often vituperative or vulgar their speech was full of slang expressions
spell: a verbal formula believed to have magical force he whispered a spell as he moved his hands inscribed around its base is a charm in Balinese
incantation: a ritual recitation of words or sounds believed to have a magical effect
hex: an evil spell a witch put a curse on his whole family he put the whammy on me
soliloquy: speech you make to yourself
proposal: the act of making a proposal they listened to her proposal
marriage proposal: an offer of marriage
question: an informal reference to a marriage proposal he was ready to pop the question
suggestion: a proposal offered for acceptance or rejection it was a suggestion we couldn't refuse
introduction: a new proposal they resisted the introduction of impractical alternatives
re-introduction: a proposal of something previously rejected they avoided a re-introduction of the old terminology
motion: a formal proposal for action made to a deliberative assembly for discussion and vote he made a motion to adjourn she called for the question
hint: an indirect suggestion not a breath of scandal ever touched her
touch: a suggestion of some quality there was a touch of sarcasm in his tone he detected a ghost of a smile on her face
overture: a tentative suggestion designed to elicit the reactions of others she rejected his advances
offer: something offered (as a proposal or bid) noteworthy new offerings for investors included several index funds
bid: a formal proposal to buy at a specified price
prospectus: a formal written offer to sell securities (filed with the SEC) that sets forth a plan for a (proposed) business enterprise a prospectus should contain the facts that an investor needs to make an informed decision
preliminary prospectus: a first draft of a prospectus; must be clearly marked to indicate that parts may be changed in the final prospectus because some portions of the cover page are printed in red ink a preliminary prospectus is sometimes called a red herring
rights offering: an offering of common stock to existing shareholders who hold subscription rights or pre-emptive rights that entitle them to buy newly issued shares at a discount from the price at which they will be offered to the public later the investment banker who handles a rights offering usually agrees to buy any shares not bought by shareholders
special: a special offering (usually temporary and at a reduced price) that is featured in advertising they are having a special on pork chops