AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
dust: rub the dust over a surface so as to blur the outlines of a shape The artist dusted the charcoal drawing down to a faint image
smirch: smear so as to make dirty or stained
slime: cover or stain with slime The snake slimed his victim
muddy: dirty with mud
smooth: make smooth or smoother, as if by rubbing smooth the surface of the wood
launch: smoothen the surface of launch plaster
coarsen: make or become coarse or coarser coarsen the surface Their minds coarsened
roughen: make rough or rougher roughen the surfaces so they will stick to each other
chafe: tear or wear off the skin or make sore by abrading This leash chafes the dog's neck
abrade: wear away
wear away: diminish, as by friction Erosion wore away the surface
slice: cut into slices Slice the salami, please
amputate: remove surgically amputate limbs
resect: surgically remove a part of a structure or an organ
serrate: make saw-toothed or jag the edge of serrate the edges of the teeth
carve: cut to pieces Father carved the ham
carve: form by carving Carve a flower from the ice
swage: form metals with a swage
carve: engrave or cut by chipping away at a surface carve one's name into the bark
cube: cut into cubes cube the cheese
julienne: cut into long thin strips julienne the potatoes
chop: cut with a hacking tool
hash: chop up hash the potatoes
chop down: cut down George chopped down the cherry tree
hack: cut away he hacked his way through the forest
axe: chop or split with an ax axe wood
chop: cut into pieces Chop wood chop meat
fell: cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow strike down a tree Lightning struck down the hikers
poleax: fell with or as if with a poleax
log: cut lumber, as in woods and forests
nick: cut a nick into
nick: cut slightly, with a razor The barber's knife nicked his cheek
chisel: carve with a chisel chisel the marble
chip: break a small piece off from chip the glass chip a tooth
chip: break off (a piece from a whole) Her tooth chipped
peel off: come off in flakes or thin small pieces The paint in my house is peeling off
chip: form by chipping They chipped their names in the stone
hew: strike with an axe; cut down, strike hew an oak
hew: make or shape as with an axe hew out a path in the rock
rough-hew: hew roughly, without finishing the surface rough-hew stone or timber
skim: remove from the surface skim cream from the surface of milk
stucco: coat with stucco stucco the ceiling
egg: coat with beaten egg egg a schnitzel
encrust: cover or coat with a crust
dredge: cover before cooking dredge the chicken in flour before frying it
flour: cover with flour flour fish or meat before frying it
layer: make or form a layer layer the different colored sands
coat: form a coat over Dirt had coated her face
pare: remove the edges from and cut down to the desired size pare one's fingernails trim the photograph trim lumber
skin: strip the skin off pare apples
strip: remove the surface from strip wood
strip: strip the cured leaves from strip tobacco
bark: remove the bark of a tree
decorticate: remove the outer layer of decorticate a tree branch
scale: remove the scales from scale fish
coat: put a coat on; cover the surface of; furnish with a surface coat the cake with chocolate
refinish: give a new surface refinish the dining room furniture
brush on: apply with a brush Brush butter on the roast
patinate: coat with a patina
crumb: coat with bread crumbs crumb a cutlet
finish: provide with a finish The carpenter finished the table beautifully this shirt is not finished properly
dress: put a finish on dress the surface smooth
bonderize: coat with a substance that will prevent corrosion bonderize steel
blacktop: coat with blacktop blacktop the driveway
foliate: coat or back with metal foil foliate glass
galvanize: cover with zinc galvanize steel
pave: cover with a material such as stone or concrete to make suitable for vehicle traffic pave the roads in the village
cobble: pave with cobblestones
hard surface: cover with asphalt or a similar surface hard-surface roads
asphalt: cover with tar or asphalt asphalt the driveway
butter: spread butter on butter bread
wallpaper: cover with wallpaper
canvas: cover with canvas She canvassed the walls of her living room so as to conceal the ugly cracks
paper: cover with paper paper the box
oil: cover with oil, as if by rubbing oil the wooden surface
wax: cover with wax wax the car
beeswax: cover with beeswax Chris beeswaxed the kitchen table
varnish: cover with varnish
veneer: cover with veneer veneer the furniture to protect it
grease: lubricate with grease grease the wheels
glaze: coat with a glaze the potter glazed the dishes glaze the bread with eggwhite
whitewash: cover with whitewash whitewash walls
calcimine: cover with calcimine calcimine the walls
wash: clean with some chemical process
shellac: cover with shellac She wanted to shellac the desk to protect it from water spots
line: cover the interior of line the gloves line a chimney
reline: provide with a new lining the old fur coat must be relined
face: cover the front or surface of The building was faced with beautiful stones
revet: face with a layer of stone or concrete or other supporting material so as to retain face an embankment
reface: provide with a new facing The building was refaced with beautiful stones
face: line the edge (of a garment) with a different material face the lapels of the jacket
crib: line with beams or planks crib a construction hole
tar: coat with tar tar the roof tar the roads
tar-and-feather: smear the body of (someone) with tar and feathers; done in some societies as punishment The thief was tarred and feathered
stamp: to mark, or produce an imprint in or on something a man whose name is permanently stamped on our maps
speck: produce specks in or on speck the cloth
rubberstamp: stamp with a rubber stamp, usually an indication of official approval on a document
stamp: affix a stamp to Are the letters properly stamped?
meter: stamp with a meter indicating the postage meter the mail
postmark: stamp with a postmark to indicate date and time of mailing
circumcise: cut the foreskin off male babies or teenage boys During the bris, the baby boy is circumcised
scarify: puncture and scar (the skin), as for purposes or tribal identification or rituals The men in some African tribes scarify their faces
puncture: pierce with a pointed object; make a hole into puncture a tire
puncture: make by piercing puncture a hole
riddle: pierce with many holes The bullets riddled his body
scarify: break up scarify soil
loosen: make less dense loosen the soil
scarify: scratch the surface of scarify seeds
score: make small marks into the surface of score the clay before firing it
line: mark with lines sorrow had lined his face
hatch: draw, cut, or engrave lines, usually parallel, on metal, wood, or paper hatch the sheet
crisscross: mark with or consist of a pattern of crossed lines wrinkles crisscrossed her face
notch: cut or make a notch into notch the rope
recess: make a recess in recess the piece of wood
furrow: hollow out in the form of a furrow or groove furrow soil
furrow: cut a furrow into a columns
furrow: make wrinkled or creased furrow one's brow
fold: bend or lay so that one part covers the other fold up the newspaper turn up your collar
wrinkle: make wrinkles or creases on a smooth surface; make a pressed, folded or wrinkled line in The dress got wrinkled crease the paper like this to make a crane
pucker: to gather something into small wrinkles or folds She puckered her lips
pucker: become wrinkled or drawn together her lips puckered
buckle: fold or collapse His knees buckled
purse: gather or contract into wrinkles or folds; pucker purse ones's lips
contract: make smaller The heat contracted the woollen garment
indent: make a depression into The bicycle dented my car
indent: cut or tear along an irregular line so that the parts can later be matched for authentication indent the documents
flex: cause (a plastic object) to assume a crooked or angular form bend the rod twist the dough into a braid the strong man could turn an iron bar
flex: bend a joint flex your wrists bend your knees
incurvate: cause to curve inward gravity incurvates the rays
gnarl: twist into a state of deformity The wind has gnarled this old tree
unbend: free from flexure unbend a bow
convolve: curl, wind, or twist together
gouge out: make gouges into a surface The woman's spiked heels gouged out the wooden floor
gouge: force with the thumb gouge out his eyes
rout: make a groove in
scallop: form scallops in scallop the meat
suck in: draw in as if by suction suck in your cheeks and stomach
scoop out: hollow out with a scoop scoop out a melon
rout: dig with the snout the pig was rooting for truffles
hollow: remove the interior of hollow out a tree trunk
cavern: hollow out as if making a cavern
cave: hollow out as if making a cave or opening The river was caving the banks
wrap: arrange or fold as a cover or protection wrap the baby before taking her out Wrap the present
do up: wrap for decorative purposes The gift was done up in pretty red paper
cere: wrap up in a cerecloth cere a corpse
shrinkwrap: wrap something tightly with heated plastic that shrinks upon cooling shrinkwrap the CDs
unwrap: remove the outer cover or wrapping of Let's unwrap the gifts! undo the parcel
untie: undo the ties of They untied the prisoner
gag: tie a gag around someone's mouth in order to silence them The burglars gagged the home owner and tied him to a chair
untie: cause to become loose undo the shoelace untie the knot loosen the necktie
unloose: loosen the ties of unloose your sneakers
retie: tie again or anew retie the string and make it strong enough now
tie: fasten or secure with a rope, string, or cord They tied their victim to the chair
tie up: finish the last row
rig: connect or secure to They rigged the bomb to the ignition
loop: fasten or join with a loop He looped the watch through his belt
chain up: tie up with chains chain up the prisoners
bitt: secure with a bitt bitt the ship line
latch: fasten with a latch latch the door
tie down: secure with or as if with ropes tie down the prisoners tie up the old newspapers and bring them to the recycling shed
faggot: bind or tie up in or as if in a faggot faggot up the sticks
faggot: fasten together rods of iron in order to heat or weld them
lash together: bind together with a cord or rope Lash together these barrels!
hog-tie: tie together somebody's limbs The prisoner was hog-tied
fetter: restrain with fetters
manacle: confine or restrain with or as if with manacles or handcuffs The police handcuffed the suspect at the scene of the crime
chain: fasten or secure with chains Chain the chairs together
cable: fasten with a cable cable trees
picket: fasten with a picket picket the goat
rope: fasten with a rope rope the bag securely
rope up: attach to one another, for safety The mountaineers roped up when they started the final ascent
hopple: strap the foreleg and hind leg together on each side (of a horse) in order to keep the legs on the same side moving in unison hobble race horses
tether: tie with a tether tether horses
fasten: attach to They fastened various nicknames to each other
attach: become attached The spider's thread attached to the window sill
implant: become attached to and embedded in the uterus The egg fertilized in vitro implanted in the uterus of the birth mother with no further complications
join: make contact or come together The two roads join here
ply: join together as by twisting, weaving, or molding ply fabric
close up: unite or bring into contact or bring together the edges of close the circuit close a wound close a book close up an umbrella
anastomose: cause to join or open into each other by anastomosis anastomose blood vessels
anastomose: come together or open into each other the blood vessels anastomose
ground: connect to a ground ground the electrical connections for safety reasons
earth: connect to the earth earth the circuit
match: bring two objects, ideas, or people together This fact is coupled to the other one Matchmaker, can you match my daughter with a nice young man? The student was paired with a partner for collaboration on the project
mortice: join by a tenon and mortise
mortise: cut a hole for a tenon in
disjoin: become separated, disconnected or disjoint
disjoin: make disjoint, separated, or disconnected; undo the joining of
disjoint: separate at the joints disjoint the chicken before cooking it
piece: join during spinning piece the broken pieces of thread, slivers, and rovings
rebate: join with a rebate rebate the pieces of timber and stone
join: cause to become joined or linked join these two parts so that they fit together
seam: put together with a seam seam a dress
suture: join with a suture suture the wound after surgery
bridge: make a bridge across bridge a river
bell: attach a bell to bell cows
ring: attach a ring to the foot of, in order to identify ring birds band the geese to observe their migratory patterns
couple: link together can we couple these proposals?
uncouple: disconnect or separate uncouple the hounds
prefix: attach a prefix to prefixed words
suffix: attach a suffix to suffix words
affix: attach or become attached to a stem word grammatical morphemes affix to the stem
detach: cause to become detached or separated; take off detach the skin from the chicken before you eat it
break: break a piece from a whole break a branch from a tree
french: cut (e.g, beans) lengthwise in preparation for cooking French the potatoes
cut off: remove by or as if by cutting cut off the ear lop off the dead branch
detach: come to be detached His retina detached and he had to be rushed into surgery
fall off: come off This button had fallen off
knot: tie or fasten into a knot knot the shoelaces
swaddle: wrap in swaddling clothes swaddled the infant
shroud: wrap in a shroud shroud the corpses
pinion: bind the arms of
bridle: put a bridle on bridle horses
snaffle: fit or restrain with a snaffle snaffle a horse
curb: keep to the curb curb your dogs
restrain: hold back
clog: impede the motion of, as with a chain or a burden horses were clogged until they were tamed
restrain: to close within bounds, limit or hold back from movement This holds the local until the express passengers change trains About a dozen animals were held inside the stockade The illegal immigrants were held at a detention center The terrorists held the journalists for ransom
keep: hold and prevent from leaving The student was kept after school
impound: place or shut up in a pound pound the cows so they don't stray
pound: shut up or confine in any enclosure or within any bounds or limits The prisoners are safely pounded
gird: bind with something round or circular
cinch: tie a cinch around cinch horses
hoop: bind or fasten with a hoop hoop vats
bind: make fast; tie or secure, with or as if with a rope The Chinese would bind the feet of their women
bind: wrap around with something so as to cover or enclose
lash: bind with a rope, chain, or cord lash the horse
frap: make secure by lashing frap a sail
unlash: untie the lashing of unlash the horse
cement: make fast as if with cement We cemented our friendship
unbind: untie or unfasten unbind the feet of this poor woman
cramp: secure with a cramp cramp the wood
cleat: secure on a cleat cleat a line
anchor: secure a vessel with an anchor We anchored at Baltimore
anchor: fix firmly and stably anchor the lamppost in concrete
moor: secure with cables or ropes moor the boat
wharf: moor at a wharf The ship was wharfed
moor: come into or dock at a wharf the big ship wharfed in the evening
moor: secure in or as if in a berth or dock tie up the boat
dock: maneuver into a dock dock the ships
dry-dock: maneuver (a ship) into a drydock
undock: take (a ship) out of a dock undock the ship
batten: secure with battens batten down a ship's hatches
batten: furnish with battens batten ships
rake: gather with a rake rake leaves
rake: level or smooth with a rake rake gravel
flush: make level or straight level the ground
plane: make even or smooth, with or as with a carpenter's plane plane the top of the door
strickle: smooth with a strickle strickle the grain in the measure
scrape: scratch repeatedly The cat scraped at the armchair
replace: put something back where it belongs replace the book on the shelf after you have finished reading it please put the clean dishes back in the cabinet when you have washed them
stratify: form, arrange, or deposit in layers The fish are stratified in barrels The rock was stratified by the force of the water A statistician stratifies the list of names according to the addresses
scratch: cut the surface of; wear away the surface of
skin: bruise, cut, or injure the skin or the surface of The boy skinned his knee when he fell
dig: turn up, loosen, or remove earth Dig we must turn over the soil for aeration
gutter: wear or cut gutters into The heavy rain guttered the soil
spade: dig (up) with a spade I spade compost into the flower beds
ridge: spade into alternate ridges and troughs ridge the soil
excavate: remove the inner part or the core of the mining company wants to excavate the hillside
drive: excavate horizontally drive a tunnel
dig: create by digging dig a hole dig out a channel
excavate: form by hollowing Carnegie had a lake excavated for Princeton University's rowing team excavate a cavity
lift: take (root crops) out of the ground lift potatoes
trench: dig a trench or trenches The National Guardsmen were sent out to trench
trench: cut a trench in, as for drainage ditch the land to drain it trench the fields
dibble: make a hole with a wooden hand tool dibble the ground
scoop: take out or up with or as if with a scoop scoop the sugar out of the container
dip: scoop up by plunging one's hand or a ladle below the surface dip water out of a container
shovel: dig with or as if with a shovel shovel sand he shovelled in the backyard all afternoon long
daub: apply to a surface daub paint onto the wall
squirt: wet with a spurt of liquid spurt the wall with water
spritz: cover (a location) wholly or partially by squirting a liquid onto it Spritz the lawn with water
spritz: eject (a liquid) quickly spritz water on a surface
excavate: find by digging in the ground I dug up an old box in the garden
grub up: dig up grub up roots and tree stumps
nuzzle: dig out with the snout the pig nuzzled the truffle
grope for: feel searchingly She groped for his keys in the dark
finger: search for on the computer I fingered my boss and found that he is not logged on in the afternoons
grope: feel about uncertainly or blindly She groped for her glasses in the darkness of the bedroom
divine: search by divining, as if with a rod He claimed he could divine underground water
browse: look around casually and randomly, without seeking anything in particular browse a computer directory surf the internet or the world wide web
search: try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of The police are searching for clues They are searching for the missing man in the entire county
leave no stone unturned: search thoroughly and exhaustively The police left no stone unturned in looking for the President's murderer
hunt: seek, search for She hunted for her reading glasses but was unable to locate them
gather: look for (food) in nature Our ancestors gathered nuts in the Fall
felt: cover with felt felt a cap
want: hunt or look for; want for a particular reason Your former neighbor is wanted by the FBI Uncle Sam wants you
scour: examine minutely The police scoured the country for the fugitive
quest for: go in search of or hunt for pursue a hobby
search: subject to a search The police searched the suspect We searched the whole house for the missing keys
raid: search for something needed or desired Our babysitter raided our refrigerator
frisk: search as for concealed weapons by running the hands rapidly over the clothing and through the pockets The police frisked everyone at the airport
strip-search: search (someone) for weapons or drugs by having the person remove their clothes He was strip-searched at the airport
scan: make a wide, sweeping search of The beams scanned the night sky
rifle: go through in search of something; search through someone's belongings in an unauthorized way Who rifled through my desk drawers?
rummage: search haphazardly We rummaged through the drawers
comb: search thoroughly They combed the area for the missing child
fish: seek indirectly fish for compliments
mow: cut with a blade or mower mow the grass
cut: fell by sawing; hew The Vietnamese cut a lot of timber while they occupied Cambodia
scythe: cut with a scythe scythe grass or grain
reap: gather, as of natural products harvest the grapes
club: gather into a club-like mass club hair
cut: reap or harvest cut grain
shear: cut with shears shear hedges
poll: convert into a pollard pollard trees
shear: cut or cut through with shears shear the wool off the lamb
snip: cultivate, tend, and cut back the growth of dress the plants in the garden
top: cut the top off top trees and bushes
scratch: carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface engrave a pen engraved the trophy cupt with the winner's the lovers scratched their names into the bark of the tree
engrave: carve or cut a design or letters into engrave the pen with the owner's name
slash: cut open she slashed her wrists
slash: cut with sweeping strokes; as with an ax or machete
butcher: kill (animals) usually for food consumption They slaughtered their only goat to survive the winter
poison: kill with poison She poisoned her husband
stone: kill by throwing stones at People wanted to stone the woman who had a child out of wedlock
poison: kill by its poison This mushrooms can poison
kill: cause to die; put to death, usually intentionally or knowingly This man killed several people when he tried to rob a bank The farmer killed a pig for the holidays
commit suicide: kill oneself the terminally ill patient committed suicide
dispatch: kill without delay the traitor was dispatched by the conspirators
zap: kill with or as if with a burst of gunfire or electric current or as if by shooting in this computer game, space travellers are vaporized by aliens
kill: cause the death of, without intention She was killed in the collision of three cars
kill: deprive of life AIDS has killed thousands in Africa
strike down: cause to die, especially suddenly The disease struck down many young men in the village
sacrifice: kill or destroy The animals were sacrificed after the experiment The general had to sacrifice several soldiers to save the regiment
take off: prove fatal The disease took off
destroy: put (an animal) to death The customs agents destroyed the dog that was found to be rabid the sick cat had to be put down
saber: kill with a saber
overlie: kill by lying on The sow overlay her piglets
put away: kill gently, as with an injection the cat was very ill and we had to put it to sleep
neutralize: get rid of (someone who may be a threat) by killing The mafia liquidated the informer the double agent was neutralized
exterminate: kill en masse; kill on a large scale; kill many Hitler wanted to exterminate the Jews, Gypsies, Communists, and homosexuals of Europe
hitch: to hook or entangle One foot caught in the stirrup
catch: cause to become accidentally or suddenly caught, ensnared, or entangled I caught the hem of my dress in the brambles
snag: catch on a snag I snagged my stocking
append: fix to; attach append a charm to the necklace
append: add to the very end He appended a glossary to his novel where he used an invented language
sew: fasten by sewing; do needlework
hem: fold over and sew together to provide with a hem hem my skirt
resew: sew again The cuff of the coat had been resewn
overcast: sew with an overcast stitch from one section to the next overcast books
darn: repair by sewing darn socks
gather: draw together into folds or puckers
baste: sew together loosely, with large stitches baste a hem
hemstitch: sew with hemstitches hemstitch a sleeve
tick: sew tick a mattress
tape: fasten or attach with tape tape the shipping label to the box
scotch tape: fasten or attach with sellotape The hotel manager scotch taped a note to the guest's door
glue: join or attach with or as if with glue paste the sign on the wall cut and paste the sentence in the text
epoxy: glue with epoxy epoxy the shards
paste: cover the surface of paste the wall with burlap