AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
sensitive plant: prostrate or semi-erect subshrub of tropical America, and Australia; heavily armed with recurved thorns and having sensitive soft grey-green leaflets that fold and droop at night or when touched or cooled
genus acacia: large genus of shrubs and trees and some woody vines of Central and South America, Africa, Australia and Polynesia: wattle; mimosa
shittah: source of a wood mentioned frequently in the Bible; probably a species of genus Acacia
black wattle: Australian tree that yields tanning materials
gidgee: scrubby Australian acacia having extremely foul-smelling blossoms
catechu: East Indian spiny tree having twice-pinnate leaves and yellow flowers followed by flat pods; source of black catechu
black catechu: extract of the heartwood of Acacia catechu used for dyeing and tanning and preserving fishnets and sails; formerly used medicinally
silver wattle: evergreen Australasian tree having white or silvery bark and young leaves and yellow flowers
huisache: tropical American thorny shrub or small tree; fragrant yellow flowers used in making perfumery
lightwood: tall Australian acacia yielding highly valued black timber
golden wattle: shrubby Australian tree having clusters of fragrant golden yellow flowers; widely cultivated as an ornamental
fever tree: African tree supposed to mark healthful regions
adenanthera: small genus of trees of tropical Asia and Pacific areas
coralwood: East Indian tree with racemes of yellow-white flowers; cultivated as an ornamental
genus albizia: large genus of unarmed trees and shrubs of Old World tropics
albizzia: any of numerous trees of the genus Albizia
silk tree: attractive domed or flat-topped Asiatic tree having bipinnate leaves and flowers with long silky stamens
siris: large spreading Old World tree having large leaves and globose clusters of greenish-yellow flowers and long seed pods that clatter in the wind
rain tree: large ornamental tropical American tree with bipinnate leaves and globose clusters of flowers with crimson stamens and seed pods that are eaten by cattle
anadenanthera: 2 species of tropical American shrubs or trees
anadenanthera colubrina: Brazilian shrub having twice-pinnate leaves and small spicate flowers followed by flat or irregularly torulose pods; sometimes placed in genus Piptadenia
genus calliandra: genus of pinnate-leaved shrubs and small trees of tropical and subtropical North and South America and India and West Africa
enterolobium: small genus of tropical American timber trees closely allied to genus Albizia
conacaste: tropical South American tree having a wide-spreading crown of bipinnate leaves and coiled ear-shaped fruits; grown for shade and ornament as well as valuable timber
genus inga: genus of tropical trees or shrubs
ice-cream bean: ornamental evergreen tree with masses of white flowers; tropical and subtropical America
guama: tropical tree of Central America and West Indies and Puerto Rico having spikes of white flowers; used as shade for coffee plantations
leucaena: small genus of tropical evergreen trees or shrubs having pods like those of the acacia
lead tree: low scrubby tree of tropical and subtropical North America having white flowers tinged with yellow resembling mimosa and long flattened pods
lysiloma: small genus of tropical American trees and shrubs with pinnate leaves and flat straight pods
wild tamarind: a tree of the West Indies and Florida and Mexico; resembles tamarind and has long flat pods
sabicu: West Indian tree yielding a hard dark brown wood resembling mahogany in texture and value
sabicu: the wood of the sabicu which resembles mahogany
parkia: genus of tropical Old World trees: nitta trees
parkia javanica: tall evergreen rain forest tree with wide-spreading crown having yellow-white flowers; grown as an ornamental in parks and large gardens
piptadenia: tropical American trees and shrubs; often placed in other genera
pithecellobium: thorny shrubs and trees of tropical and subtropical America and Asia
manila tamarind: common thorny tropical American tree having terminal racemes of yellow flowers followed by sickle-shaped or circinate edible pods and yielding good timber and a yellow dye and mucilaginous gum
cat's-claw: erect shrub with small if any spines having racemes of white to yellow flowers followed by curved pointed pods and black shiny seeds; West Indies and Florida
prosopis: genus of tropical or subtropical branching shrubs or trees: mesquite
mesquite: any of several small spiny trees or shrubs of the genus Prosopis having small flowers in axillary cylindrical spikes followed by large pods rich in sugar
honey mesquite: thorny deep-rooted drought-resistant shrub native to southwestern United States and Mexico bearing pods rich in sugar and important as livestock feed; tends to form extensive thickets
algarroba: mesquite of Gulf Coast and Caribbean Islands from Mexico to Venezuela
algarroba: mesquite pod used in tanning and dyeing
screw bean: shrub or small tree of southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico having spirally twisted pods
apocynaceae: chiefly tropical trees or shrubs or herbs having milky juice and often showy flowers; many are sources of drugs
apocynum: perennial herbs with small pink or white flowers
common dogbane: North American perennial having pinkish flowers in loose cymes; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints
indian hemp: Canadian dogbane yielding a tough fiber used as cordage by Native Americans; used in folk medicine for pain or inflammation in joints
rocky mountain dogbane: North American plant similar to common dogbane
acocanthera: small genus of trees and shrubs containing strongly toxic cardiac glycosides; Arabia to Africa
winter sweet: medium-sized shrubby tree of South Africa having thick leathery evergreen leaves and white or pink flowers and globose usually two-seeded purplish black fruits
bushman's poison: evergreen shrub or tree of South Africa
adenium: one species: succulent shrub or tree of tropical Africa and Arabia
impala lily: South African shrub having a swollen succulent stem and bearing showy pink and white flowers after the leaves fall; popular as an ornamental in tropics
genus allamanda: genus of tropical American woody vines
common allamanda: vigorous evergreen climbing plant of South America having glossy leathery foliage and golden yellow flowers
alstonia: genus of evergreen trees or shrubs with white funnel-shaped flowers and milky sap; tropical Africa to southeastern Asia and Polynesia
dita: evergreen tree of eastern Asia and Philippines having large leathery leaves and small green-white flowers in compact cymes; bark formerly used medicinally
amsonia: genus of herbs and subshrubs with milky juice and showy bluish flowers; Europe to Asia Minor to Japan and North America
blue star: subshrubs of southeastern United States forming slow-growing clumps and having blue flowers in short terminal cymes
beaumontia: small genus of evergreen woody vines in the East Indies and Asia
nepal trumpet flower: evergreen woody twiner with large glossy leaves and showy corymbs of fragrant white trumpet-shaped flowers
genus carissa: Old World genus of tropical evergreen usually spiny shrubs
hedge thorn: South African shrub having forked spines and plumlike fruit; frequently used as hedging
natal plum: very large closely branched South African shrub having forked bright green spines and shiny leaves
catharanthus: small genus of erect annual or perennial herbs native to Madagascar; widely naturalized in the tropics; formerly included in genus Vinca
periwinkle: commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers
holarrhena: genus of deciduous trees and shrubs of tropical Africa and Asia
ivory tree: tropical Asian tree with hard white wood and bark formerly used as a remedy for dysentery and diarrhea
mandevilla: genus of tropical South American tuberous perennial woody vines with large racemose flowers and milky sap
white dipladenia: shrubby climber having glossy leaves and white funnel-shaped flowers with yellow throats
chilean jasmine: woody vine of Argentina grown as an ornamental for its glossy leaves and racemes of large fragrant funnel-shaped creamy-white flowers
nerium: one species: oleander
oleander: an ornamental but poisonous flowering shrub having narrow evergreen leaves and clusters of fragrant white to pink or red flowers: native to East Indies but widely cultivated in warm regions
plumeria: deciduous shrubs and trees of tropical America having branches like candelabra and fragrant white or pink flowers
frangipani: any of various tropical American deciduous shrubs or trees of the genus Plumeria having milky sap and showy fragrant funnel-shaped variously colored flowers
pagoda tree: frangipani of India having an erect habit and conical form; grown in temple gardens
west indian jasmine: tall sparingly branched conical tree having large fragrant yellow flowers with white centers
genus rauwolfia: pantropical genus of somewhat poisonous shrubs and small trees
rauwolfia: any shrub or small tree of the genus Rauwolfia having leaves in whorls and cymose flowers; yield substances used medicinally especially as emetics or purgatives or antihypertensives
snakewood: East Indian climbing shrub with twisted limbs and roots resembling serpents
genus strophanthus: genus of tropical Asiatic and African shrubs and woody vines and small trees
strophanthus kombe: plant that is a source of strophanthin
tabernaemontana: evergreen tropical trees and shrubs with milky sap
crape jasmine: tropical shrub having glossy foliage and fragrant nocturnal flowers with crimped or wavy corollas; northern India to Thailand
thevetia: genus of poisonous tropical American evergreen shrubs and trees having entire leaves and large cymose flowers
yellow oleander: tropical American shrub or small tree having glossy dark green leaves and fragrant saffron yellow to orange or peach- colored flowers; all parts highly poisonous
trachelospermum: genus of Asiatic woody vines with milky sap in leaves and stems
star jasmine: evergreen Chinese woody climber with shiny dark green leaves and intensely fragrant white flowers
vinca: periwinkles: low creeping evergreen perennials
myrtle: widely cultivated as a groundcover for its dark green shiny leaves and usually blue-violet flowers
large periwinkle: plant having variegated foliage and used for window boxes
arales: Araceae; Lemnaceae
araceae: anthurium; calla lily; jack-in-the-pulpit; philodendron
arum: any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe
genus arum: type genus of the Araceae: tuberous perennial herbs of Europe and Asia with usually heart-shaped leaves
cuckoopint: common European arum with lanceolate spathe and short purple spadix; emerges in early spring; source of a starch called arum
black calla: ornamental plant of Middle East cultivated for its dark purple spathe
acorus: sweet flags; sometimes placed in subfamily Acoraceae
acoraceae: used in some classifications for the genus Acorus which is usually assigned to Araceae
sweet flag: perennial marsh plant having swordlike leaves and aromatic roots
aglaonema: climbing herbs of southeastern Asia having thick fleshy oblong leaves and naked unisexual flowers: Chinese evergreen
chinese evergreen: erect or partially climbing herb having large green or variegated leaves
genus alocasia: tropical Asiatic herbs similar to Colocasia but distinguished by a large sterile spadix
alocasia: any plant of the genus Alocasia having large showy basal leaves and boat-shaped spathe and reddish berries
giant taro: large evergreen with extremely large erect or spreading leaves; cultivated widely in tropics for its edible rhizome and shoots; used in wet warm regions as a stately ornamental
genus amorphophallus: genus of large tropical east Asian cormous aroids: devil's tongue; snake palm
pungapung: putrid-smelling aroid of southeastern Asia (especially the Philippines) grown for its edible tuber
devil's tongue: foul-smelling somewhat fleshy tropical plant of southeastern Asia cultivated for its edible corms or in the greenhouse for its large leaves and showy dark red spathe surrounding a large spadix
krubi: malodorous tropical plant having a spathe that resembles the corolla of a morning glory and attains a diameter of several feet
genus anthurium: large genus of often epiphytic evergreen tropical American plants often cultivated as houseplants
anthurium: any of various tropical American plants cultivated for their showy foliage and flowers
flamingo flower: commonly cultivated anthurium having bright scarlet spathe and spadix
arisaema: tuberous or rhizomatous herbaceous perennials
jack-in-the-pulpit: common American spring-flowering woodland herb having sheathing leaves and an upright club-shaped spadix with overarching green and purple spathe producing scarlet berries
green dragon: early spring-flowering plant of eastern North America resembling the related jack-in-the-pulpit but having digitate leaves, slender greenish yellow spathe and elongated spadix
arisarum: tuberous or rhizomatous perennial herbs; mainly Mediterranean area
friar's-cowl: tuberous perennial having a cowl-shaped maroon or violet-black spathe; Mediterranean; Canaries; Azores
genus caladium: small genus of tropical South American tuberous perennials with large variously colored leaves
caladium bicolor: most popular caladium; cultivated in many varieties since the late 19th century
calla: water arum
wild calla: plant of wetlands and bogs of temperate regions having small greenish flowers partly enclosed in a white spathe and red berries
colocasia: small genus of perennial tuberous herbs of tropical Asia: taro
taro: herb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leaves
taro: edible starchy tuberous root of taro plants
genus cryptocoryne: water trumpet; aquatic herbs having broad leaves and long slender spathes; often used as aquarium plants
cryptocoryne: any plant of the genus Cryptocoryne; evergreen perennials growing in fresh or brackish water; tropical Asia
dieffenbachia: evergreen perennial herbs of tropical America with lush foliage and poisonous sap; often cultivated as houseplants
dumb cane: an evergreen plant with large showy dark green leaves; contains a poison that swells the tongue and throat hence the name
genus dracontium: small genus of tropical American cormous herbs
dracunculus: tuberous herbaceous perennials: dragon arum
dragon arum: European arum resembling the cuckoopint
epipremnum: small genus of evergreen lianas of southeastern Asia to western Pacific areas
golden pothos: evergreen liana widely cultivated for its variegated foliage
lysichiton: skunk cabbage
skunk cabbage: clump-forming deciduous perennial swamp plant of western North America similar to Symplocarpus foetidus but having a yellow spathe
genus monstera: tropical American climbing plant with deeply incised leaves
ceriman: tropical American vine having roots that hang like cords and cylindrical fruit with a pineapple and banana flavor
genus nephthytis: small genus of tropical western African creeping or twining herbs
nephthytis afzelii: tropical rhizomatous plant cultivated as an ornamental for its large sagittate leaves
orontium: one species of aquatic plant: golden club
golden club: aquatic plant of the southeastern United States having blue-green leaves and a spadix resembling a club covered with tiny yellow flowers
peltandra: small genus of North American marsh or aquatic herbs
green arrow arum: perennial herb of the eastern United States having arrowhead-shaped leaves and an elongate pointed spathe and green berries
genus philodendron: any of several tropical American climbing plants with smooth shiny evergreen leaves
genus pistia: one species: water lettuce
pistia: pantropical floating plant forming a rosette of wedge-shaped leaves; a widespread weed in rivers and lakes
scindapsus: evergreen climbers with adhesive adventitious roots; southeastern Asia and Brazil
genus spathiphyllum: evergreen rhizomatous perennials of tropical America and Philippines and Indonesia
spathiphyllum: any of various plants of the genus Spathiphyllum having a white or green spathe and a spike of fragrant flowers and often cultivated as an ornamental
symplocarpus: one species: skunk cabbage
skunk cabbage: deciduous perennial low-growing fetid swamp plant of eastern North America having minute flowers enclosed in a mottled greenish or purple cowl-shaped spathe
syngonium: epiphytic or terrestrial climbing shrubs of Central and South America; used as ornamental houseplants for their velvety foliage
xanthosoma: tropical American tuberous perennials
yautia: tropical American aroid having edible tubers that are cooked and eaten like yams or potatoes
zantedeschia: calla lily
calla lily: South African plant widely cultivated for its showy pure white spathe and yellow spadix
pink calla: calla having a rose-colored spathe
lemnaceae: family of small free-floating thalloid plants
lemna: minute aquatic herbs floating on or below the water surface of still water consisting of a leaflike frond or plant body and single root
common duckweed: of temperate regions except eastern Asia and Australia
star-duckweed: cosmopolitan in temperate regions except North America
spirodela: minute aquatic herbs floating on the water surface consisting of a shiny leaflike frond and 2-21 roots
great duckweed: cosmopolitan except South America and New Zealand and some oceanic islands
wolffia: minute rootless aquatic herbs having globular fronds floating on or near the water surface and bearing one flower per frond
common wolffia: smallest flowering plants known; of the Americas
wolffiella: minute rootless aquatic herbs having flat fronds floating on or below the water surface and bearing 1-2 flowers per frond; America and Africa
mud midget: having narrow flat sickle-shaped submerged fronds; North America
araliaceae: mostly tropical trees and shrubs and lianas: genera Panax and Hedera
genus aralia: type genus of Araliaceae; large widely distributed genus of shrubs and trees and vines: spikenard; Hercules'-club
american angelica tree: small deciduous clump-forming tree or shrub of eastern United States
wild sarsaparilla: common perennial herb having aromatic roots used as a substitute for sarsaparilla; central and eastern North America
american spikenard: unarmed woody rhizomatous perennial plant distinguished from wild sarsaparilla by more aromatic roots and panicled umbels; southeastern North America to Mexico
bristly sarsaparilla: bristly herb of eastern and central North America having black fruit and medicinal bark
japanese angelica tree: deciduous clump-forming Asian shrub or small tree; adventive in the eastern United States
chinese angelica: similar to American angelica tree but less prickly; China
hedera: Old World woody vines
ivy: Old World vine with lobed evergreen leaves and black berrylike fruits
meryta: small to medium evergreen dioecious trees of oceanic climates: puka
puka: small roundheaded New Zealand tree having large resinous leaves and panicles of green-white flowers
panax: perennial herbs of eastern North America and Asia having aromatic tuberous roots: ginseng
ginseng: Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers
american ginseng: North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng
schefflera: large genus of shrubby and climbing tropical plants having showy digitately compound foliage
umbrella tree: erect evergreen shrub or small tree of Australia and northern New Guinea having palmately compound leaves
aristolochiales: order of plants distinguished by tubular petaloid perianth and inferior ovary
aristolochiaceae: family of birthworts (including wild ginger)
aristolochia: birthworts; Dutchman's-pipe
birthwort: creeping plant having curving flowers thought to resemble fetuses; native to Europe; naturalized Great Britain and eastern North America
dutchman's-pipe: hardy deciduous vine having large leaves and flowers with the calyx tube curved like the bowl of a pipe
virginia snakeroot: birthwort of the eastern United States woodlands
asarum: wild ginger
canada ginger: deciduous low-growing perennial of Canada and eastern and central United States
heartleaf: evergreen low-growing perennial having mottled green and silvery-grey heart-shaped pungent leaves; Virginia to South Carolina
heartleaf: wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama
asarabacca: thick creeping evergreen herb of western Europe
rafflesiaceae: a family of parasitic plants of the order Aristolochiales
hydnoraceae: a family of flowering plants in Africa and Argentina that are parasitic on the roots of other plants
caryophyllidae: a group of families of mostly flowers having basal or central placentation and trinucleate pollen (binucleate pollen is commoner in flowering plants); contains 14 families including: Caryophyllaceae (carnations and pinks); Aizoaceae; Amaranthaceae; Batidaceae; Chenopodiaceae; Cactaceae (order Opuntiales); Nyctaginaceae; Phytolaccaceae; corresponds approximately to order Caryophyllales; sometimes classified as a superorder
caryophyllales: corresponds approximately to the older group Centrospermae
centrospermae: used in former classification systems; approximately synonymous with order Caryophyllales
caryophyllaceae: large family of herbs or subshrubs (usually with stems swollen at the nodes)
agrostemma: a caryophylloid dicot genus including corn cockles
corn cockle: European annual having large trumpet-shaped reddish-purple flowers and poisonous seed; a common weed in grainfields and beside roadways; naturalized in America
arenaria: sandworts
mountain sandwort: boreal or alpine sandwort
pine-barren sandwort: deep-rooted perennial of southeastern United States
seabeach sandwort: perennial succulent herb with small solitary axillary or terminal flowers
rock sandwort: low perennial tufted plant of southeastern North America
thyme-leaved sandwort: Eurasian annual sprawling plant naturalized throughout North America
cerastium: mouse-eared chickweed
mouse-ear chickweed: any of various plants related to the common chickweed
field chickweed: densely tufted perennial chickweed of north temperate zone
snow-in-summer: chickweed with hairy silver-grey leaves and rather large white flowers
alpine mouse-ear: widespread in the Arctic and on mountains in Europe
dianthus: carnations and pinks
pink: any of various flowers of plants of the genus Dianthus cultivated for their fragrant flowers
sweet william: Eurasian pink widely cultivated for its flat-topped dense clusters of varicolored flowers
carnation: Eurasian plant with pink to purple-red spice-scented usually double flowers; widely cultivated in many varieties and many colors
china pink: Chinese pink with deeply toothed rose-lilac flowers with a purplish eye; usually raised as an annual
japanese pink: a flowering variety of China pink distinguished by jagged-edged petals
maiden pink: low-growing loosely mat-forming Eurasian pink with a single pale pink flower with a crimson center
cheddar pink: mat-forming perennial of central Europe with large fragrant pink or red flowers
button pink: much-branched pink with flowers in clusters; closely related to sweet William
cottage pink: European pink cultivated for its very fragrant pink or rosy flowers
fringed pink: Eurasian perennial pink having fragrant lilac or rose flowers with deeply fringed margins
genus drypis: one species
gypsophila: Mediterranean herbs having small white or pink flowers
baby's breath: tall plant with small lance-shaped leaves and numerous tiny white or pink flowers
hernaria: low-growing Old World herbs with minute bright green leaves
rupturewort: common prostrate Old World herb often used as a ground cover; formerly reputed to cure ruptures
illecebrum: one species: coral necklace
coral necklace: glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas
genus lychnis: genus of plants strongly resembling those of genus Silene: catchfly
lychnis: mostly perennial herbs with sticky stems that catch insects; widespread in north temperate zone