AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
armenian: a writing system having an alphabet of 38 letters in which the Armenian language is written
avestan: the script in which the ancient Persian language of the Avesta is written
babylonian: the ideographic and syllabic writing system in which the ancient Babylonian language was written
brahmi: a script (probably adapted from the Aramaic about the 7th century BC) from which later Indian scripts developed
devanagari: a syllabic script used in writing Sanskrit and Hindi
pahlavi: the script (derived from the Aramaic alphabet) used to write the Pahlavi language
uighur: the script (derived from Aramaic) used to write the Uighur language
access: a code (a series of characters or digits) that must be entered in some way (typed or dialed or spoken) to get the use of something (a telephone line or a computer or a local area network etc.)
back door: an undocumented way to get access to a computer system or the data it contains
bar code: code consisting of a series of vertical bars of variable width that are scanned by a laser; printed on consumer product packages to identify the item for a computer that provides the price and registers inventory information
cryptogram: a piece of writing in code or cipher
cipher: a secret method of writing
morse: a telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short and long signals)
zip code: a code of letters and digits added to a postal address to aid in the sorting of mail
code: (computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructions
argument: (computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or program
address: (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is stored
american standard code for information interchange: (computer science) a code for information exchange between computers made by different companies; a string of 7 binary digits represents each character; used in most microcomputers
ascii character set: (computer science) 128 characters that make up the ASCII coding scheme the ASCII character set is the most universal character coding set
error correction code: (telecommunication) a coding system that incorporates extra parity bits in order to detect errors
firmware: (computer science) coded instructions that are stored permanently in read-only memory
machine code: a set of instructions coded so that the computer can use it directly without further translation
operation code: the portion of a set of operation descriptions that specifies the operation to be performed; the set of operations in a computer
url: the address of a web page on the world wide web
web page: a document connected to the World Wide Web and viewable by anyone connected to the internet who has a web browser
home page: the opening page of a web site
web site: a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web the Israeli web site was damaged by hostile hackers
chat room: a site on the internet where a number of users can communicate in real time (typically one dedicated to a particular topic)
portal site: a site that the owner positions as an entrance to other sites on the internet a portal typically has search engines and free email and chat rooms etc.
writing: letters or symbols that are written or imprinted on a surface to represent the sounds or words of a language he turned the paper over so the writing wouldn't show the doctor's writing was illegible
written word: the written form of a word while the spoken word stands for something, the written word stands for something that stands for something a craftsman of the written word
tetragrammaton: four Hebrew letters usually transliterated as YHWH (Yahweh) or JHVH (Jehovah) signifying the Hebrew name for God which the Jews regarded as too holy to pronounce
alphabetic writing: a writing system based on alphabetic characters
syllabary: a writing system whose characters represent syllables
linear a: an undeciphered writing system used in Crete in the 17th century B.C.
linear b: a syllabic script used in Greece in the 13th century B.C.
hieratic: a cursive form of Egyptian hieroglyphics; used especially by the priests
hieroglyph: a writing system using picture symbols; used in ancient Egypt
writing: the work of a writer; anything expressed in letters of the alphabet (especially when considered from the point of view of style and effect) the writing in her novels is excellent that editorial was a fine piece of writing
writing: (usually plural) the collected work of an author the idea occurs with increasing frequency in Hemingway's writings
patristics: the writings of the early Church Fathers
rewrite: something that has been written again the rewrite was much better
literary composition: imaginative or creative writing
literature: published writings in a particular style on a particular subject the technical literature one aspect of Waterloo has not yet been treated in the literature
matter: written works (especially in books or magazines) he always took some reading matter with him on the plane
belles-lettres: creative writing valued for esthetic content
dialogue: a literary composition in the form of a conversation between two people he has read Plato's Dialogues in the original Greek
fictionalization: a literary work based partly or wholly on fact but written as if it were fiction
nonfiction: prose writing that is not fictional
detective novel: novel in which the reader is challenged to solve a puzzle before the detective explains it at the end
dime novel: a melodramatic paperback novel
fantasy: fiction with a large amount of imagination in it she made a lot of money writing romantic fantasies
novelette: a short novel
gothic romance: a romance that deals with desolate and mysterious and grotesque events
story: a piece of fiction that narrates a chain of related events he writes stories for the magazines
adventure story: a story of an adventure
mystery: a story about a crime (usually murder) presented as a novel or play or movie
love story: a story dealing with love
legend: a story about mythical or supernatural beings or events
arthurian legend: the legend of King Arthur and his court at Camelot
fable: a short moral story (often with animal characters)
aesop's fables: a collection of fables believed to have been written by the Greek storyteller Aesop
pilgrim's progress: an allegory written by John Bunyan in 1678
gotterdammerung: myth about the ultimate destruction of the gods in a battle with evil
parable: (New Testament) any of the stories told by Jesus to convey his religious message the parable of the prodigal son
plot: the story that is told in a novel or play or movie etc. the characters were well drawn but the plot was banal
action: the series of events that form a plot his novels always have a lot of action
storyline: the plot of a book or play or film
climax: the decisive moment in a novel or play the deathbed scene is the climax of the play
anticlimax: a change from a serious subject to a disappointing one
criticism: a written evaluation of a work of literature
masorah: a vast body of textual criticism of the Hebrew Scriptures including notes on features of writing and on the occurrence of certain words and on variant sources and instructions for pronunciation and other comments that were written between AD 600 and 900 by Jewish scribes in the margins or at the end of texts
poem: a composition written in metrical feet forming rhythmical lines
alcaic: verse in the meter used in Greek and Latin poetry consisting of strophes of 4 tetrametric lines; reputedly invented by Alcaeus
ballad: a narrative poem of popular origin
clerihew: a witty satiric verse containing two rhymed couplets and mentioning a famous person `The president is George W. Bush, Who is happy to sit on his tush, While sending his armies to fight, For anything he thinks is right' is a clerihew
doggerel: a comic verse of irregular measure he had heard some silly doggerel that kept running through his mind
eclogue: a short poem descriptive of rural or pastoral life
elegy: a mournful poem; a lament for the dead
epic poem: a long narrative poem telling of a hero's deeds
aeneid: an epic in Latin by Virgil; tells the adventures of Aeneas after the Trojan War; provides an illustrious historical background for the Roman Empire
divine comedy: a narrative epic poem written by Dante
free verse: unrhymed verse without a consistent metrical pattern
lyric: a short poem of songlike quality
rondeau: a French verse form of 10 or 13 lines running on two rhymes; the opening phrase is repeated as the refrain of the second and third stanzas
verse: a piece of poetry
iliad: a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the siege of Troy
odyssey: a Greek epic poem (attributed to Homer) describing the journey of Odysseus after the fall of Troy
nibelungenlied: an epic poem written in Middle High German and based on the legends of Siegfried and Teutonic kings
petrarchan sonnet: a sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd
shakespearean sonnet: a sonnet consisting three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg
spenserian sonnet: a sonnet consisting of three quatrains and a concluding couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab bcbd cdcd ee
horatian ode: an ode with several stanzas
pindaric ode: an ode form used by Pindar; has triple groups of triple units
envoy: a brief stanza concluding certain forms of poetry
verse: a line of metrical text
adonic: a verse line with a dactyl followed by a spondee or trochee; supposedly used in laments by Adonis
heroic verse: a verse form suited to the treatment of heroic or elevated themes; dactylic hexameter or iambic pentameter
spenserian stanza: a stanza with eight lines of iambic pentameter and a concluding Alexandrine with the rhyme pattern abab bcbc c the Spenserian stanza was introduced by Edmund Spenser in The Faerie Queene
dictation: matter that has been dictated and transcribed; a dictated passage he signed and mailed his dictation without bothering to read it
text: the words of something written there were more than a thousand words of text they handed out the printed text of the mayor's speech he wants to reconstruct the original text
text: the main body of a written work (as distinct from illustrations or footnotes etc.) pictures made the text easier to understand
erasure: a surface area where something has been erased another word had been written over the erasure
margin: the blank space that surrounds the text on a page he jotted a note in the margin
space: a blank area write your name in the space provided
indentation: the space left between the margin and the start of an indented line
copy: matter to be printed; exclusive of graphical materials
front matter: written matter preceding the main text of a book
back matter: written matter following the main text of a book
draft: any of the various versions in the development of a written work a preliminary draft the final draft of the constitution
soft copy: (computer science) matter that is in a form that a computer can store or display it on a computer screen he sent them soft copy of the report
hard copy: (computer science) matter that is held in a computer and is typed or printed on paper he ran off a hard copy of the report
installment: a part of a published serial
fascicle: an installment of a printed work
section: a self-contained part of a larger composition (written or musical) he always turns first to the business section the history of this work is discussed in the next section
above: an earlier section of a written text for instructions refer to the above
article: a separate section of a legal document (as a statute or contract or will)
escalator clause: a clause in a contract that provides for an increase or a decrease in wages or prices or benefits etc. depending on certain conditions (as a change in the cost of living index)
joker: an inconspicuous clause in a document or bill that affects its meaning in a way that is not immediately apparent when I demanded my money he showed me the joker in the contract
reserve clause: a clause that used to be part of the contract with a professional athlete extending the contract for a year beyond its expiration the reserve clause was used to bind players to a particular ball club
body: the central message of a communication the body of the message was short
book: a major division of a long written composition the book of Isaiah
chapter: a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled he read a chapter every night before falling asleep
spot: a section of an entertainment that is assigned to a specific performer or performance they changed his spot on the program
opening: the initial part of the introduction the opening established the basic theme
foreword: a short introductory essay preceding the text of a book
conclusion: the last section of a communication in conclusion I want to say...
epilogue: a short passage added at the end of a literary work the epilogue told what eventually happened to the main characters
epilogue: a short speech (often in verse) addressed directly to the audience by an actor at the end of a play
peroration: (rhetoric) the concluding section of an oration he summarized his main points in his peroration
sequel: a part added to a book or play that continues and extends it
addendum: textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end
excerpt: a passage selected from a larger work he presented excerpts from William James' philosophical writings
place: the passage that is being read he lost his place on the page
diary: a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations
web log: a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies postings on a blog are usually in chronological order
capitalization: writing in capital letters
typing: writing done with a typewriter
touch typing: typewriting in which the fingers are trained to hit particular keys; typist can read and type at the same time
handwriting: something written by hand she recognized his handwriting his hand was illegible
hieroglyph: writing that resembles hieroglyphics (usually by being illegible)
calligraphy: beautiful handwriting
scribble: poor handwriting
squiggle: an illegible scrawl his signature was just a squiggle but only he could make that squiggle
autograph: a person's own signature
countersignature: a second confirming signature endorsing a document already signed
endorsement: a signature that validates something the cashier would not cash the check without an endorsement
blank endorsement: an endorsement on commercial paper naming no payee and so payable to the bearer
inscription: letters inscribed (especially words engraved or carved) on something
rosetta stone: a part of an inscribed granite stela that was originally about six feet tall and was set up in 196 BC; the inscriptions in hieroglyphics and Demotic and Greek gave the first clues to the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphics
dedication: a short message (as in a book or musical work or on a photograph) dedicating it to someone or something
manuscript: the form of a literary work submitted for publication
manuscript: handwritten book or document
codex: an unbound manuscript of some ancient classic (as distinguished from a scroll)
scroll: a document that can be rolled up (as for storage)
dead sea scrolls: (Old Testament) a collection of written scrolls (containing nearly all of the Old Testament) found in a cave near the Dead Sea in the late 1940s the Dead Sea Scrolls provide information about Judaism and the Bible around the time of Jesus
megillah: (Judaism) the scroll of parchment that contains the biblical story of Esther; traditionally read in synagogues to celebrate Purim
torah: (Judaism) the scroll of parchment on which the first five books of the Hebrew Scripture is written; is used in a synagogue during services
adaptation: a written work (as a novel) that has been recast in a new form the play is an adaptation of a short novel
dissertation: a treatise advancing a new point of view resulting from research; usually a requirement for an advanced academic degree
tract: a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet
composition: an essay (especially one written as an assignment) he got an A on his composition
review: an essay or article that gives a critical evaluation (as of a book or play)
notice: a short critical review the play received good notices
book: a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together) I am reading a good book on economics
authority: an authoritative written work this book is the final authority on the life of Milton
formulary: (pharmacology) a book containing a compilation of pharmaceutical products with their formulas and methods of preparation postexposure prophylaxis is an integral part of the pharmacopeia in preventing severe disease after acute infections
last word: an authoritative statement my doctor has the last word on the medicines I take
trade book: a book intended for general readership
best seller: a book that has had a large and rapid sale
cookbook: a book of recipes and cooking directions
pop-up book: a book (usually for children) that contains one or more pages such that a three-dimensional structure rises up when a page is opened
volume: a publication that is one of a set of several similar publications the third volume was missing he asked for the 1989 volume of the Annual Review
booklet: a small book usually having a paper cover
textbook: a book prepared for use in schools or colleges his economics textbook is in its tenth edition the professor wrote the text that he assigned students to buy
mcguffey eclectic readers: readers that combined lessons in reading with moralistic messages
appointment book: a book containing a calendar and space to keep a record of appointments
catalog: a book or pamphlet containing an enumeration of things he found it in the Sears catalog
playbook: a book containing the scripts of one or more dramatic plays the 1963 playbook leaves out the whole first scene
prayer book: a book containing prayers
psalter: a collection of Psalms for liturgical use
reference book: a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic
hymnal: a songbook containing a collection of hymns
dictionary: a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words with information about them
desk dictionary: an abridged dictionary of a size convenient to hold in the hand
learner's dictionary: a dictionary specially written for those learning a foreign language
pocket dictionary: a dictionary that is small enough to carry in your pocket
spell-checker: an electronic dictionary in a word processor that can be used to catch misspelled words
unabridged dictionary: a dictionary that has not been shortened by the omitting terms or definitions; a comprehensive dictionary
oxford english dictionary: an unabridged dictionary constructed on historical principles
glossary: an alphabetical list of technical terms in some specialized field of knowledge; usually published as an appendix to a text on that field
thesaurus: a book containing a classified list of synonyms
word finder: a thesaurus organized to help you find the word you want but cannot think of
handbook: a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or location
consuetudinary: a manual describing the customs of a particular group (especially the ceremonial practices of a monastic order)
instruction manual: a manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate it
guidebook: something that offers basic information or instruction
field guide: a guidebook describing natural objects of some type that might be encountered in the field a field guide to mushrooms
travel guidebook: a guidebook for travelers
reckoner: a handbook of tables used to facilitate computation
phonebook: a directory containing an alphabetical list of telephone subscribers and their telephone numbers
ballistic identification: identification of the gun that fired a bullet from an analysis of the unique marks that every gun makes on the bullet it fires and on the shell ejected from it
biometric identification: the automatic identification of living individuals by using their physiological and behavioral characteristics negative identification can only be accomplished through biometric identification if a pin or password is lost or forgotten it can be changed and reissued but a biometric identification cannot
key: a generic term for any device whose possession entitles the holder to a means of access a safe-deposit box usually requires two keys to open it
number: a numeral or string of numerals that is used for identification she refused to give them her Social Security number
bank identification number: an identification number consisting of a two-part code assigned to banks and savings associations; the first part shows the location and the second identifies the bank itself
license number: the number on the license plate that identifies the car that bears it
social security number: the number of a particular individual's Social Security account
phone number: the number is used in calling a particular telephone he has an unlisted number
annual: a reference book that is published regularly once every year
almanac: an annual publication including weather forecasts and other miscellaneous information arranged according to the calendar of a given year
ephemeris: an annual publication containing astronomical tables that give the positions of the celestial bodies throughout the year today computers calculate the ephemerides
atlas: a collection of maps in book form
dialect atlas: an atlas showing the distribution of distinctive linguistic features
encyclopedia: a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty
editing: putting something (as a literary work or a legislative bill) into acceptable form
deletion: the omission that is made when an editorial change shortens a written passage an editor's deletions frequently upset young authors both parties agreed on the excision of the proposed clause
erasure: a correction made by erasing there were many erasures in the typescript
rewriting: editing that involves writing something again
revision: the act of rewriting something
rewording: changing a particular word or phrase
paraphrase: rewording for the purpose of clarification
sacred text: writing that is venerated for the worship of a deity
scripture: any writing that is regarded as sacred by a religious group
adi granth: the principal sacred text of Sikhism contains hymns and poetry as well as the teachings of the first five gurus
avesta: a collection of Zoroastrian texts gathered during the 4th or 6th centuries
bhagavad-gita: (Hinduism) the sacred `song of God' composed about 200 BC and incorporated into the Mahabharata (a Sanskrit epic); contains a discussion between Krishna and the Indian hero Arjuna on human nature and the purpose of life
mahabharata: (Hinduism) a sacred epic Sanskrit poem of India dealing in many episodes with the struggle between two rival families
bible: the sacred writings of the Christian religions he went to carry the Word to the heathen
genesis: the first book of the Old Testament: tells of Creation; Adam and Eve; the Fall of Man; Cain and Abel; Noah and the flood; God's covenant with Abraham; Abraham and Isaac; Jacob and Esau; Joseph and his brothers
exodus: the second book of the Old Testament: tells of the departure of the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt led by Moses; God gave them the Ten Commandments and the rest of Mosaic law on Mount Sinai during the Exodus
leviticus: the third book of the Old Testament; contains Levitical law and ritual precedents
numbers: the fourth book of the Old Testament; contains a record of the number of Israelites who followed Moses out of Egypt