AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
western fence lizard: common western lizard; seen on logs or rocks
eastern fence lizard: small active lizard of United States and north to British Columbia
sagebrush lizard: a ground dweller that prefers open ground and scattered low bushes; of United States west between Rocky and Sierra Nevada Mountains
uta: a reptile genus of Iguanidae
side-blotched lizard: one of the most abundant lizards in the arid western United States
urosaurus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae
tree lizard: a climbing lizard of western United States and northern Mexico
phrynosoma: horned lizards
horned lizard: insectivorous lizard with hornlike spines on the head and spiny scales on the body; of western North America
texas horned lizard: of arid and semiarid open country
basiliscus: a reptile genus of Iguanidae
anolis: New World chameleons
american chameleon: small arboreal tropical American insectivorous lizards with the ability to change skin color
amphisbaenidae: worm lizards
amphisbaena: type genus of the Amphisbaenidae
xantusiidae: night lizards
scincidae: skinks
scincus: type genus of Scincidae
scincella: a reptile genus of Scincidae
skink: alert agile lizard with reduced limbs and an elongated body covered with shiny scales; more dependent on moisture than most lizards; found in tropical regions worldwide
eumeces: New World skinks
western skink: found in western North American grasslands and open woodlands
mountain skink: frequents oak and pine habitats in rocky mountainous areas of United States southwest and Mexico
cordylidae: small family of spiny ovoviviparous African lizards
cordylus: type genus of the Cordylidae; spiny lizards somewhat resembling tiny crocodiles
teiidae: whiptails; etc.
teiid lizard: tropical New World lizard with a long tail and large rectangular scales on the belly and a long tail
cnemidophorus: whiptails
whiptail: any of numerous very agile and alert New World lizards
racerunner: very swift lizard of eastern and central United States
plateau striped whiptail: having distinct longitudinal stripes: of Colorado Plateau from Arizona to western Colorado
chihuahuan spotted whiptail: having longitudinal stripes overlaid with light spots; upland lizard of United States southwest and Mexico
western whiptail: active lizard having a network of dusky dark markings; of semiarid areas from Oregon and Idaho to Baja California
checkered whiptail: markings are darker and more marked than in western whiptail; from southeastern Colorado to eastern Chihuahua
tupinambis: tejus
agamidae: an Old World reptile family of Sauria
agamid: a lizard of the family Agamidae
genus agama: type genus of the Agamidae
chlamydosaurus: frilled lizards
frilled lizard: large arboreal insectivorous Australian lizard with a ruff of skin around the neck
draco: a reptile genus known as flying dragons or flying lizards
dragon: any of several small tropical Asian lizards capable of gliding by spreading winglike membranes on each side of the body
genus moloch: genus of Australian desert lizard
mountain devil: desert lizard that feeds on ants
anguidae: alligator lizards
gerrhonotus: alligator lizards
anguis: type genus of the Anguidae: blindworms
blindworm: small burrowing legless European lizard with tiny eyes; popularly believed to be blind
ophisaurus: glass lizards
glass lizard: snakelike lizard of Europe and Asia and North America with vestigial hind limbs and the ability to regenerate its long fragile tail
xenosauridae: monotypic family of Mexican lizards
xenosaurus: type and sole genus of Xenosauridae: slender-bodied Mexican lizards having the upper surface covered with tiny granules and tubercles
anniellidae: legless lizards
lanthanotidae: stout-bodied lizards
lanthanotus: one species
lanthanotus borneensis: a stout-bodied pleurodont lizard of Borneo
helodermatidae: only known venomous lizards
heloderma: type genus of the Helodermatidae; American venomous lizards
gila monster: large orange and black lizard of southwestern United States; not dangerous unless molested
beaded lizard: lizard with black and yellowish beadlike scales; of western Mexico
lacertidae: Old World lizards
lacertid lizard: Old World terrestrial lizard
lacerta: type genus of the Lacertidae
sand lizard: a common and widely distributed lizard of Europe and central Asia
green lizard: a common Eurasian lizard about a foot long
chamaeleontidae: Old World chameleons; in some classifications they are considered a superfamily of Sauria
chameleon: lizard of Africa and Madagascar able to change skin color and having a projectile tongue
chamaeleo: type genus of the Chamaeleontidae
african chameleon: a chameleon found in Africa
horned chameleon: a kind of chameleon
varanidae: monitor lizards
varanus: type and sole extant genus of the Varanidae
monitor: any of various large tropical carnivorous lizards of Africa and Asia and Australia; fabled to warn of crocodiles
african monitor: destroys crocodile eggs
komodo dragon: the largest lizard in the world (10 feet); found on Indonesian islands
archosauria: a large subclass of diapsid reptiles including: crocodiles; alligators; dinosaurs; pterosaurs; plesiosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
archosaur: extinct reptiles including: dinosaurs; plesiosaurs; pterosaurs; ichthyosaurs; thecodonts
saurosuchus: early archosaurian carnivore
proterochampsa: early archosaurian carnivore
crocodylia: crocodiles; alligators; caimans; gavials
loricata: former name for the order Crocodylia
crocodilian reptile: extant archosaurian reptile
crocodylidae: true crocodiles
crocodylus: type genus of the Crocodylidae
african crocodile: a dangerous crocodile widely distributed in Africa
asian crocodile: estuarine crocodile of eastern Asia and Pacific islands
morlett's crocodile: a variety of crocodile
tomistoma: a genus of Malayan crocodiles
false gavial: crocodile of southeast Asia similar to but smaller than the gavial
alligatoridae: alligators; caimans
genus alligator: type genus of the Alligatoridae
alligator: either of two amphibious reptiles related to crocodiles but with shorter broader snouts
american alligator: large alligator of the southeastern United States
chinese alligator: small alligator of the Yangtze valley of China having unwebbed digits
genus caiman: caimans
caiman: a semiaquatic reptile of Central and South America that resembles an alligator but has a more heavily armored belly
spectacled caiman: caiman with bony ridges about the eyes; found from southern Mexico to Argentina
gavialidae: gavials
gavialis: type genus of the Gavialidae
gavial: large fish-eating Indian crocodilian with a long slender snout
ornithischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having bird-like pelvises: armored dinosaurs (thyreophorans); boneheaded and horned dinosaurs (marginocephalians); duck-billed dinosaurs (euronithopods)
ornithischian: herbivorous dinosaur with a pelvis like that of a bird
genus pisanosaurus: primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Argentina; early Triassic
pisanosaur: primitive dinosaur found in Argentina
genus staurikosaurus: primitive ornithischian dinosaur found in Brazil
staurikosaur: primitive dinosaur found in Brazil
thyreophora: armored dinosaurs: stegosaurs and ankylosaurs
genus stegosaurus: quadrupedal armored herbivore of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
stegosaur: herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur with a row of bony plates along its back and a spiked tail probably used as a weapon
genus ankylosaurus: armored herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous
ankylosaur: having the back covered with thick bony plates; thought to have walked with a sprawling gait resembling a lizard's
edmontonia: heavily armored and highly spiked dinosaur with semi-upright posture
marginocephalia: includes boneheaded (pachycephalosaurs) and horned (ceratopsian) dinosaurs
suborder pachycephalosaurus: boneheaded dinosaurs; late Cretaceous
pachycephalosaur: bipedal herbivore having 10 inches of bone atop its head; largest boneheaded dinosaur ever found
ceratopsia: horned dinosaurs
ceratopsian: any of several four-footed herbivorous dinosaurs with enormous beaked skulls; of the late Cretaceous in North America and Mongolia
ceratopsidae: American ceratopsian dinosaurs
genus protoceratops: small horned dinosaurs
genus triceratops: genus of herbivorous horned dinosaurs
genus styracosaurus: genus of horned dinosaurs
styracosaur: an unusual ceratopsian dinosaur having many large spikes around the edge of its bony frill and a long nose horn; late Cretaceous
genus psittacosaurus: most primitive genus of horned dinosaurs; early Cretaceous
psittacosaur: primitive dinosaur actually lacking horns and having only the beginning of a frill; long hind limbs and short forelimbs; may have been bipedal
euronithopoda: widespread group including duck-billed dinosaurs and their early relatives (hadrosaurs, trachodon and iguanodon)
ornithopod: bipedal herbivorous dinosaur
hadrosauridae: duck-billed dinosaurs; upper Cretaceous
hadrosaur: any of numerous large bipedal ornithischian dinosaurs having a horny duck-like bill and webbed feet; may have been partly aquatic
genus anatotitan: genus of large duck-billed dinosaurs; late Cretaceous
genus corythosaurus: genus of duck-billed dinosaurs of late Cretaceous
corythosaur: duck-billed dinosaur with nasal passages that expand into a crest like a hollow helmet
genus edmontosaurus: duck-billed dinosaurs of Canada
genus trachodon: a reptile genus of the suborder Euronithopoda
trachodon: large duck-billed dinosaur of the Cretaceous period
iguanodontidae: iguanodons
genus iguanodon: type genus of the Iguanodontidae
saurischia: extinct terrestrial reptiles: theropods (carnivorous); sauropods (herbivorous)
saurischian: herbivorous or carnivorous dinosaur having a three-pronged pelvis like that of a crocodile
sauropodomorpha: gigantic herbivorous dinosaurs having huge bodies with long necks and small heads: Prosauropoda and Sauropoda (apatosaurus, diplodocus and titanosaurs)
prosauropoda: the earliest known dinosaurs
sauropoda: any of the sauropod dinosaurs
sauropod: very large herbivorous dinosaur of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a small head a long neck and tail and five-toed limbs; largest known land animal
genus apatosaurus: large quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaurs with very long neck and tail; late Jurassic
apatosaur: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur common in North America in the late Jurassic
genus barosaurus: huge quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur; late Jurassic
barosaur: a dinosaur that could grow to be as tall as a building five stories tall
genus diplodocus: a reptile genus of the suborder Sauropoda
titanosauridae: herbivorous dinosaurs of the Cretaceous
titanosaurus: genus of herbivorous dinosaurs flourishing during the Cretaceous in South America
titanosaur: amphibious quadrupedal herbivorous dinosaur with a long thin neck and whiplike tail; of the Cretaceous mostly in the southern hemisphere
genus argentinosaurus: enormous dinosaur of the middle Cretaceous found in Argentina
seismosaurus: genus of large herbivorous dinosaurs of Cretaceous found in western North America
ground-shaker: huge herbivorous dinosaur of the Cretaceous found in western North America
theropoda: carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs with short forelimbs; Jurassic and Cretaceous
theropod: any of numerous carnivorous dinosaurs of the Triassic to Cretaceous with short forelimbs that walked or ran on strong hind legs
suborder ceratosaura: primitive saurischian dinosaurs
genus ceratosaurus: primitive saurischian carnivorous dinosaurs
ceratosaur: primitive medium-sized theropod; swift-running bipedal carnivorous dinosaur having grasping hands with sharp claws and a short horn between the nostrils; Jurassic in North America
genus coelophysis: late Triassic carnivorous saurischian dinosaurs
carnosaura: largest carnivorous land animals ever known
genus tyrannosaurus: includes a single species
tyrannosaur: large carnivorous bipedal dinosaur having enormous teeth with knifelike serrations; may have been a scavenger rather than an active predator; later Cretaceous period in North America
genus allosaurus: carnivorous dinosaur of North America; late Jurassic
allosaur: late Jurassic carnivorous dinosaur; similar to but somewhat smaller than tyrannosaurus
genus compsognathus: a reptile genus of Theropoda
genus herrerasaurus: primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic
herrerasaur: a kind of theropod dinosaur found in Argentina
genus eoraptor: primitive theropod found in Argentina; early Triassic
megalosauridae: megalosaurs
genus megalosaurus: type genus of the Megalosauridae
megalosaur: gigantic carnivorous bipedal dinosaur of the Jurassic or early Cretaceous in Europe
ornithomimida: lightly built medium-size theropods
genus struthiomimus: small toothless saurischian dinosaurs; later Cretaceous period in Canada
genus deinocheirus: a reptile genus of Ornithomimida
maniraptora: advanced theropods including oviraptorids and dromaeosaurs and possibly even modern birds
genus velociraptor: advanced carnivorous theropod
dromaeosauridae: swift-running bipedal dinosaurs
genus deinonychus: advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur
genus utahraptor: advanced bipedal carnivorous dinosaur
utahraptor: large (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright slashing claw 15 inches long on each hind foot; early Cretaceous
genus mononychus: authorities disagree over whether to classify the genus as bird or dinosaur
mononychus olecranus: a turkey-sized long-legged fossil 75 million years old found in the Gobi Desert having bird-like fused wrist bones and keeled breastbone and a long tail resembling a dinosaur's; short forelimbs end in a single claw instead of wings; classification as bird or dinosaur is in dispute
synapsida: extinct reptiles of the Permian to Jurassic considered ancestral to mammals
synapsid: extinct reptile having a single pair of lateral temporal openings in the skull
therapsida: extinct mammal-like reptiles found inhabiting all continents from the mid Permian to late Triassic
therapsid: probably warm-blooded; considered direct ancestor of mammals
chronoperates: a reptile genus of Therapsida
chronoperates paradoxus: shrew-sized protomammal from the Alberta region of Canada; from about 55 million years ago (much more recent than other mammal-like reptiles)
cynodontia: a division of the order Therapsida from the Triassic period comprising small carnivorous tetrapod reptiles often with mammal-like teeth
exaeretodon: a genus of reptiles of the division Cynodontia
dicynodontia: a division of Therapsida
ischigualastia: early reptile found in Argentina
ictodosauria: extinct reptiles of the later Triassic period
pelycosauria: edaphosaurus; dimetrodon
edaphosauridae: a family of reptiles of the order Pelycosauria
genus edaphosaurus: type genus of the Edaphosauridae
genus dimetrodon: a reptile genus of Pelycosauria
pterosauria: extinct flying reptiles: pterosaurs
pterosaur: an extinct reptile of the Jurassic and Cretaceous having a bird-like beak and membranous wings supported by the very long fourth digit of each forelimb
pterodactylidae: a reptile family in the order Pterosauria
pterodactylus: a reptile genus of Pterodactylidae
thecodontia: extinct terrestrial reptiles having teeth set in sockets; of the late Permian to Triassic
thecodont: presumably in the common ancestral line to dinosaurs and crocodiles and birds
ichthyosauria: extinct marine reptiles: ichthyosaurs
ichthyosauridae: later ichthyosaurs of the Jurassic and Cretaceous; widely distributed in both hemispheres
genus ichthyosaurus: type genus of the Ichthyosauridae
genus stenopterygius: a reptile genus of Ichthyosauridae
stenopterygius: an ichthyosaur of the genus Stenopterygius
sauropterygia: extinct marine reptiles: plesiosaurs; nothosaurs
plesiosauria: any of the plesiosaurs
genus plesiosaurus: a reptile genus of suborder Plesiosauria
plesiosaur: extinct marine reptile with a small head on a long neck a short tail and four paddle-shaped limbs; of the Jurassic and Cretaceous
nothosauria: a suborder of Sauropterygia
genus nothosaurus: a genus of Nothosauria
serpentes: snakes
snake: limbless scaly elongate reptile; some are venomous
colubridae: nonvenomous snakes; about two-thirds of all living species
colubrid snake: mostly harmless temperate-to-tropical terrestrial or arboreal or aquatic snakes
carphophis: thunder snake
thunder snake: small reddish wormlike snake of eastern United States
diadophis: a genus of reptiles of the family Colubridae including ringneck snakes
ringneck snake: any of numerous small nonvenomous North American snakes with a yellow or orange ring around the neck
heterodon: a genus of small colubrid snakes containing the North American hognose snakes
hognose snake: harmless North American snake with upturned nose; may spread its head and neck or play dead when disturbed
phyllorhynchus: leaf-nosed snakes
opheodrys: North American green snakes
green snake: either of two North American chiefly insectivorous snakes that are green in color
smooth green snake: of western and central United States
rough green snake: of southern and eastern United States
chlorophis: African green snakes
coluber: racers
blacksnake: blackish racer of the eastern United States that grows to six feet
blue racer: bluish-green blacksnake found from Ohio to Texas
horseshoe whipsnake: slender fast-moving Eurasian snake
masticophis: whip snakes
whip-snake: any of several small fast-moving snakes with long whiplike tails
coachwhip: a whipsnake of southern United States and Mexico; tail resembles a braided whip
california whipsnake: a whipsnake of scrublands and rocky hillsides
sonoran whipsnake: both terrestrial and arboreal snake of United States southwest
elaphe: North American rat snakes
corn snake: large harmless snake of southeastern United States; often on farms
black rat snake: large harmless shiny black North American snake
ptyas: Asian rat snakes
indian rat snake: enter buildings in pursuit of prey
arizona: glossy snake
glossy snake: nocturnal burrowing snake of western United States with shiny tan scales
pituophis: bull snakes
bull snake: any of several large harmless rodent-eating North American burrowing snakes
gopher snake: bull snake of western North America that invades rodent burrows
lampropeltis: king snakes and milk snakes
king snake: any of numerous nonvenomous North American constrictors; feed on other snakes and small mammals
common kingsnake: widespread in United States except northern regions; black or brown with yellow bands
milk snake: nonvenomous tan and brown king snake with an arrow-shaped occipital spot; southeastern ones have red stripes like coral snakes
thamnophis: garter snakes
garter snake: any of numerous nonvenomous longitudinally-striped viviparous North American and Central American snakes
common garter snake: a garter snake that is widespread in North America
ribbon snake: slender yellow-striped North American garter snake; prefers wet places
western ribbon snake: yellow- or reddish-striped snake of temperate woodlands and grasslands to tropics
tropidoclonion: lined snakes
lined snake: secretive snake of city dumps and parks as well as prairies and open woods; feeds on earthworms; of central United States
sonora: ground snakes
ground snake: small shy brightly-ringed terrestrial snake of arid or semiarid areas of western North America
potamophis: ground snakes
haldea: ground snakes
eastern ground snake: in some classifications placed in genus Haldea; small reddish-grey snake of eastern North America
natrix: water snakes; a cosmopolitan genus
nerodia: North American water snakes
common water snake: in some classifications placed in the genus Nerodia; western United States snake that seldom ventures far from water
grass snake: harmless European snake with a bright yellow collar; common in England
viperine grass snake: a small harmless grass snake
storeria: a genus of Colubridae
red-bellied snake: harmless woodland snake of southeastern United States
chilomeniscus: sand snakes
banded sand snake: a sand snake of southwestern United States; lives in fine to coarse sand or loamy soil in which it `swims'; banding resembles that of coral snakes
tantilla: black-headed snakes
oxybelis: vine snakes
trimorphodon: lyre snakes
sonoran lyre snake: of desert regions of southwestern North America
hypsiglena: night snakes
night snake: nocturnal prowler of western United States and Mexico
typhlopidae: blind snakes
leptotyphlopidae: blind snakes
blind snake: wormlike burrowing snake of warm regions having vestigial eyes
leptotyphlops: blind snakes of Asia and Africa and Americas
western blind snake: burrows among roots of shrubs and beneath rocks in desert and rocky hillside areas and beach sand of western United States
drymarchon: a genus of Colubridae
indigo snake: large dark-blue nonvenomous snake that invades burrows; found in southern North America and Mexico
eastern indigo snake: a variety of indigo snake
boidae: boas and pythons
boa constrictor: very large boa of tropical America and West Indies
charina: boas of western North America
rubber boa: boa of grasslands and woodlands of western North America; looks and feels like rubber with tail and head of similar shape
lichanura: boas of western North America
rosy boa: boa of rocky desert of southwestern United States
eunectes: anacondas
anaconda: large arboreal boa of tropical South America
pythoninae: Old World boas: pythons; in some classifications considered a separate family from Boidae
pythonidae: in some classifications a family separate from Boidae comprising Old World boas
genus python: Old World boas
carpet snake: Australian python with a variegated pattern on its back
reticulated python: of southeast Asia and East Indies; the largest snake in the world
indian python: very large python of southeast Asia
rock python: very large python of tropical and southern Africa
elapidae: cobras; kraits; mambas; coral snakes; Australian taipan and tiger snakes
elapid: any of numerous venomous fanged snakes of warmer parts of both hemispheres
coral snake: any of several venomous New World snakes brilliantly banded in red and black and either yellow or white; widely distributed in South America and Central America
micrurus: coral snakes
eastern coral snake: ranges from Central America to southeastern United States
micruroides: coral snakes
western coral snake: ranges from Central America to southwestern United States
coral snake: any of various venomous elapid snakes of Asia and Africa and Australia
calliophis: Asian coral snakes
asian coral snake: of India
aspidelaps: African coral snakes
african coral snake: small widely distributed arboreal snake of southern Africa banded in black and orange
rhynchoelaps: Australian coral snakes
australian coral snake: small venomous but harmless snake marked with black-and-white on red
denisonia: copperheads
copperhead: venomous but sluggish reddish-brown snake of Australia
naja: cobras
indian cobra: a cobra of tropical Africa and Asia
asp: cobra used by the Pharaohs as a symbol of their power over life and death
ophiophagus: king cobra
black-necked cobra: aggressive cobra widely distributed in Africa; rarely bites but spits venom that may cause blindness
hamadryad: large cobra of southeastern Asia and the East Indies; the largest venomous snake; sometimes placed in genus Naja
hemachatus: ringhals
ringhals: highly venomous snake of southern Africa able to spit venom up to seven feet
dendroaspis: mambas
black mamba: a highly venomous southern African mamba dreaded because of its quickness and readiness to bite
acanthophis: Australian elapid snakes
death adder: venomous Australian snake resembling an adder
notechis: tiger snakes
tiger snake: highly venomous brown-and-yellow snake of Australia and Tasmania
pseudechis: venomous Australian blacksnakes
australian blacksnake: large semiaquatic snake of Australia; black above with red belly
bungarus: kraits
banded krait: sluggish krait banded with black and yellow
oxyuranus: taipans
taipan: large highly venomous snake of northeastern Australia
hydrophidae: sea snakes
viperidae: Old World vipers
vipera: type genus of the Viperidae
adder: small terrestrial viper common in northern Eurasia
asp: of southern Europe; similar to but smaller than the adder
bitis: a genus of Viperidae
puff adder: large African viper that inflates its body when alarmed
gaboon viper: large heavy-bodied brilliantly marked and extremely venomous west African viper
genus cerastes: horned vipers