AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
greenwing: common teal of Eurasia and North America
bluewing: American teal
garganey: small Eurasian teal
widgeon: freshwater duck of Eurasia and northern Africa related to mallards and teals
american widgeon: a widgeon the male of which has a white crown
shoveler: freshwater duck of the northern hemisphere having a broad flat bill
pintail: long-necked river duck of the Old and New Worlds having elongated central tail feathers
tadorna: sheldrakes
oxyura: ruddy duck
ruddy duck: reddish-brown stiff-tailed duck of North America and northern South America
bucephala: buffleheads and goldeneyes
bufflehead: small North American diving duck; males have bushy head plumage
goldeneye: large-headed swift-flying diving duck of Arctic regions
barrow's goldeneye: North American goldeneye diving duck
aythya: canvasback; redhead; pochard; etc.
canvasback: North American wild duck valued for sport and food
pochard: heavy-bodied Old World diving duck having a grey-and-black body and reddish head
redhead: North American diving duck with a grey-and-black body and reddish-brown head
scaup: diving ducks of North America having a bluish-grey bill
greater scaup: large scaup of North America having a greenish iridescence on the head of the male
lesser scaup: common scaup of North America; males have purplish heads
aix: wood duck and mandarin duck
wood duck: showy North American duck that nests in hollow trees
mandarin duck: showy crested Asiatic duck; often domesticated
cairina: a genus of Anatidae
muscovy duck: large crested wild duck of Central America and South America; widely domesticated
somateria: eider ducks
eider: duck of the northern hemisphere much valued for the fine soft down of the females
melanitta: scoters
scoter: large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere
common scoter: a variety of scoter
clangula: a genus of ducks
old squaw: a common long-tailed sea duck of the northern parts of the United States
merginae: mergansers and closely related diving birds
mergus: mergansers
merganser: large crested fish-eating diving duck having a slender hooked bill with serrated edges
goosander: common merganser of Europe and North America
american merganser: common North American diving duck considered a variety of the European goosander
red-breasted merganser: widely distributed merganser of America and Europe
smew: smallest merganser and most expert diver; found in northern Eurasia
lophodytes: a genus of Merginae
hooded merganser: small North American duck with a high circular crest on the male's head
anser: typical geese
chinese goose: very large wild goose of northeast Asia; interbreeds freely with the greylag
greylag: common grey wild goose of Europe; ancestor of many domestic breeds
chen: wild goose having white adult plumage
blue goose: North American wild goose having dark plumage in summer but white in winter
branta: wild geese
brant: small dark geese that breed in the north and migrate southward
common brant goose: the best known variety of brant goose
honker: common greyish-brown wild goose of North America with a loud, trumpeting call
barnacle goose: European goose smaller than the brant; breeds in the far north
anserinae: used in some classifications for the swans
genus coscoroba: a genus of Anatidae
cygnus: a genus of Anatidae
mute swan: soundless Eurasian swan; commonly domesticated
whooper: common Old World swan noted for its whooping call
tundra swan: swan that nests in tundra regions of the New and Old Worlds
whistling swan: North American subspecies of tundra swan having a soft whistling note
bewick's swan: Eurasian subspecies of tundra swan; smaller than the whooper
trumpeter: large pure white wild swan of western North America having a sonorous cry
black swan: large Australian swan having black plumage and a red bill
anhimidae: screamers
anhima: type genus of the Anhimidae; horned screamers
horned screamer: screamer having a hornlike process projecting from the forehead
chauna: crested screamers
chaja: largest crested screamer; native to southern Brazil and Argentina
mammalia: warm-blooded vertebrates characterized by mammary glands in the female
mammal: any warm-blooded vertebrate having the skin more or less covered with hair; young are born alive except for the small subclass of monotremes and nourished with milk
prototheria: echidnas; platypus
monotremata: coextensive with the subclass Prototheria
monotreme: the most primitive mammals comprising the only extant members of the subclass Prototheria
tachyglossidae: echidnas
tachyglossus: type genus of the family Tachyglossidae
echidna: a burrowing monotreme mammal covered with spines and having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites; native to Australia
zaglossus: a genus of Tachyglossidae
echidna: a burrowing monotreme mammal covered with spines and having a long snout and claws for hunting ants and termites; native to New Guinea
ornithorhynchidae: platypus
ornithorhynchus: type genus of the family Ornithorhynchidae
platypus: small densely furred aquatic monotreme of Australia and Tasmania having a broad bill and tail and webbed feet; only species in the family Ornithorhynchidae
pantotheria: generalized extinct mammals widespread during the Jurassic; commonly conceded to be ancestral to marsupial and placental mammals
metatheria: pouched animals
marsupialia: coextensive with the subclass Metatheria
marsupial: mammals of which the females have a pouch (the marsupium) containing the teats where the young are fed and carried
didelphidae: opossums
opossum: nocturnal arboreal marsupial having a naked prehensile tail found from southern North America to northern South America
didelphis: type genus of the family Didelphidae
common opossum: omnivorous opossum of the eastern United States; noted for feigning death when in danger; esteemed as food in some areas; considered same species as the crab-eating opossum of South America
caenolestidae: small marsupials of southern South America
caenolestes: type genus of the family Caenolestidae
peramelidae: bandicoots
macrotis: a genus of Peramelidae
rabbit-eared bandicoot: bandicoot with leathery ears like a rabbit
macropodidae: kangaroos; wallabies
macropus: type genus of the family Macropodidae: typical kangaroos and wallabies
giant kangaroo: very large greyish-brown Australian kangaroo formerly abundant in open wooded areas
wallaby: any of various small or medium-sized kangaroos; often brightly colored
common wallaby: a small wallaby having a height of 30 inches
lagorchestes: hare wallabies
hare wallaby: small Australian wallaby that resembles a hare and has persistent teeth
onychogalea: a genus of Macropodidae
nail-tailed wallaby: small wallabies with a horny nail on the tip of the tail
petrogale: rock wallabies
rock wallaby: slender long-legged Australian wallabies living in caves and rocky areas
thylogale: pademelons
pademelon: small reddish-brown wallabies of scrubby areas of Australia and New Guinea
dendrolagus: tree wallabies
tree wallaby: arboreal wallabies of New Guinea and northern Australia having hind and forelegs of similar length
hypsiprymnodon: musk kangaroos
musk kangaroo: small kangaroo of northeastern Australia
potoroinae: rat kangaroos
rat kangaroo: any of several rabbit-sized ratlike Australian kangaroos
potorous: potoroos
bettongia: jerboa kangaroo
jerboa kangaroo: brush-tailed rat kangaroo
phalangeridae: phalangers; koalas
phalanger: small furry Australian arboreal marsupials having long usually prehensile tails
genus phalanger: type genus of the family Phalangeridae: cuscuses
trichosurus: a genus of Phalangeridae
brush-tailed phalanger: bushy-tailed phalanger
petaurus: a genus of Phalangeridae
flying phalanger: nocturnal phalangers that move with gliding leaps using parachute-like folds of skin along the sides of the body
acrobates: a genus of Phalangeridae
phascolarctos: koalas
koala: sluggish tailless Australian arboreal marsupial with grey furry ears and coat; feeds on eucalyptus leaves and bark
vombatidae: wombats
dasyuridae: dasyures; native cats; pouched mice; banded anteaters; Tasmanian devils
dasyurid marsupial: small carnivorous nocturnal marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
dasyurus: type genus of the family Dasyuridae: native cats
eastern dasyure: a variety of dasyure
native cat: carnivorous arboreal cat-like marsupials of Australia and Tasmania
thylacinus: Tasmanian wolf
thylacine: rare doglike carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania having stripes on its back; probably extinct
sarcophilus: Tasmanian devil
tasmanian devil: small ferocious carnivorous marsupial having a mostly black coat and long tail
phascogale: pouched mice
pouched mouse: any of numerous small sharp-nosed insectivorous marsupials superficially resembling mice or rats
myrmecobius: banded anteater
numbat: small Australian marsupial having long snout and strong claws for feeding on termites; nearly extinct
notoryctidae: pouched moles
notoryctus: type genus of the family Notoryctidae: comprising solely the marsupial mole
pouched mole: small burrowing Australian marsupial that resembles a mole
eutheria: all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
placental: mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
livestock: any animals kept for use or profit
insectivora: shrews; moles; hedgehogs; tenrecs
lipotyphla: moles; hedgehogs; true shrews
menotyphla: elephant shrews; tree shrews
talpidae: moles
condylura: star-nosed moles
starnose mole: amphibious mole of eastern North America having pink fleshy tentacles around the nose
parascalops: brewer's moles
brewer's mole: mole of eastern North America
chrysochloridae: golden moles
chrysochloris: type genus of the Chrysochloridae
uropsilus: shrew moles
asiatic shrew mole: shrew mole of eastern Asia
neurotrichus: shrew moles
american shrew mole: greyish-black shrew mole of the United States and Canada
soricidae: shrews
shrew: small mouselike mammal with a long snout; related to moles
sorex: type genus of the family Soricidae: shrews
common shrew: common American shrew
masked shrew: commonest shrew of moist habitats in North America
blarina: shrews
short-tailed shrew: North American shrew with tail less than half its body length
american water shrew: water shrew of North America
neomys: a genus of Soricidae
european water shrew: widely distributed Old World water shrew
mediterranean water shrew: a type of water shrew
cryptotis: least shrews
least shrew: small brown shrew of grassy regions of eastern United States
erinaceidae: true hedgehogs
erinaceus: type genus of the family Erinaceidae: hedgehogs
hedgehog: small nocturnal Old World mammal covered with both hair and protective spines
tenrecidae: tenrecs and extinct related forms
tenrec: small often spiny insectivorous mammal of Madagascar; resembles a hedgehog
genus tenrec: type genus of the family Tenrecidae: tenrecs
tailless tenrec: prolific animal that feeds chiefly on earthworms
potamogalidae: otter shrews
genus potamogale: type genus of the family Potamogalidae: otter shrews
otter shrew: amphibious African insectivorous mammal that resembles an otter
wishbone: the furcula of a domestic fowl
hide: body covering of a living animal
feather: the light horny waterproof structure forming the external covering of birds
down: soft fine feathers
bastard wing: tuft of small stiff feathers on the first digit of a bird's wing
vane: the flattened weblike part of a feather consisting of a series of barbs on either side of the shaft
saddle hackle: a long narrow feather on the back (saddle) of a domestic fowl
coat: growth of hair or wool or fur covering the body of an animal
undercoat: thick soft fur lying beneath the longer and coarser guard hair
underpart: a part lying on the lower side or underneath an animal's body the warbler has a white throat and underparts a woodland mouse with white underparts
wool: outer coat of especially sheep and yaks
forelock: a lock of a horse's mane that grows forward between the ears
style: a slender bristlelike or tubular process a cartilaginous style
whisker: a long stiff hair growing from the snout or brow of most mammals as e.g. a cat
armor: tough more-or-less rigid protective covering of an animal or plant
carapace: hard outer covering or case of certain organisms such as arthropods and turtles
phragmocone: the thin conical chambered internal shell (either straight or curved) of a belemnite
parazoa: multicellular organisms having less-specialized cells than in the Metazoa; comprises the single phylum Porifera
porifera: coextensive with the subkingdom Parazoa: sponges
sponge: primitive multicellular marine animal whose porous body is supported by a fibrous skeletal framework; usually occurs in sessile colonies
choanocyte: any of the flagellated cells in sponges having a collar of cytoplasm around the flagellum; they maintain a flow of water through the body
hyalospongiae: sponges with siliceous spicules that have six rays; choanocytes are restricted to finger-shaped chambers
euplectella: a genus of Hyalospongiae
venus's flower basket: a deep-water marine sponge having a cylindrical skeleton of intricate glassy latticework; found in the waters of the East Indies and the eastern coast of Asia
metazoa: multicellular animals having cells differentiated into tissues and organs and usually a digestive cavity and nervous system
cnidaria: hydras; polyps; jellyfishes; sea anemones; corals
coelenterate: radially symmetrical animals having saclike bodies with only one opening and tentacles with stinging structures; they occur in polyp and medusa forms
polyp: one of two forms that coelenterates take (e.g. a hydra or coral): usually sedentary with a hollow cylindrical body usually with a ring of tentacles around the mouth in some species of coelenterate, polyps are a phase in the life cycle that alternates with a medusoid phase
medusa: one of two forms that coelenterates take: it is the free-swimming sexual phase in the life cycle of a coelenterate; in this phase it has a gelatinous umbrella-shaped body and tentacles
scyphozoa: coelenterates in which the polyp stage is absent or at least inconspicuous: jellyfishes
aegina: small medusa
chrysaora: a genus of Scyphozoa
chrysaora quinquecirrha: a type of jellyfish
hydrozoa: coelenterates typically having alternation of generations; hydroid phase is usually colonial giving rise to the medusoid phase by budding: hydras and jellyfishes
hydrozoan: colonial coelenterates having the polyp phase dominant
genus hydra: hydras
siphonophora: marine colonial hydrozoans
genus nanomia: a genus of Siphonophora
physalia: Portuguese man-of-war
portuguese man-of-war: large siphonophore having a bladderlike float and stinging tentacles
sertularia: sessile hydroid that forms feathery colonies
anthozoa: a large class of sedentary marine coelenterates that includes sea anemones and corals; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed
anthozoan: sessile marine coelenterates including solitary and colonial polyps; the medusoid phase is entirely suppressed
actiniaria: sea anemones
sea anemone: marine polyps that resemble flowers but have oral rings of tentacles; differ from corals in forming no hard skeleton
actinia: any sea anemone or related animal
actinia: a genus of sea anemone common in rock pools
alcyonaria: corals and sea anemones having eight branches
alcyonacea: comprising the soft corals
pennatulidae: sea pens
pennatula: type genus of the family Pennatulidae: sea pens
gorgonacea: red corals and sea fans
gorgonian: corals having a horny or calcareous branching skeleton
madreporaria: stony corals
stony coral: corals having calcareous skeletons aggregations of which form reefs and islands
maeandra: brain corals
acropora: coelenterate genus of order Madreporaria, including staghorn corals
staghorn coral: large branching coral resembling antlers
fungia: a genus comprising the usual mushroom corals
ctenophora: comb jellies; sea acorns; a small phylum formerly considered a class of Coelenterata
ctene: a locomotor organ consisting of a row of strong cilia whose bases are fused
ctenophore: biradially symmetrical hermaphroditic solitary marine animals resembling jellyfishes having for locomotion eight rows of cilia arranged like teeth in a comb
nuda: ctenophores lacking tentacles; comprises one genus: beroe
genus beroe: coextensive with the class Nuda
tentaculata: ctenophores have retractile tentacles
cydippida: ctenophores having two long pinnate tentacles
platyctenea: an order of Tentaculata
pleurobrachiidae: sea gooseberries
pleurobrachia: sea gooseberries
cestida: ctenophore having short tentacles; one family
cestidae: coextensive with the order Cestida; ctenophores having a greatly flattened and elongated body
cestum: Venus's girdle
venus's girdle: ctenophore having a ribbon-shaped iridescent gelatinous body
lobata: ctenophore having tentacles only in the immature stage; body compressed vertically having two large oral lobes and four pointed processes
helminth: worm that is parasitic on the intestines of vertebrates especially roundworms and tapeworms and flukes
woodborer: any of various insects or larvae or mollusks that bore into wood
acanthocephala: phylum or class of elongated wormlike parasites that live in the intestines of vertebrates: spiny-headed worms
acanthocephalan: any of various worms living parasitically in intestines of vertebrates having a retractile proboscis covered with many hooked spines
chaetognatha: arrowworms: a group of small active transparent marine worms
arrowworm: any worm of the Chaetognatha; transparent marine worm with horizontal lateral and caudal fins and a row of movable curved spines at each side of the mouth
genus sagitta: chief genus of Chaetognatha including the largest arrowworms
genus spadella: marine worms resembling the sagittas but with a broader body and only one pair of lateral fins
platyhelminthes: flatworms
flatworm: parasitic or free-living worms having a flattened body
turbellaria: free-living flatworms
planarian: free-swimming mostly freshwater flatworms; popular in laboratory studies for the ability to regenerate lost parts
trematoda: parasitic flatworms (including flukes)
fluke: parasitic flatworms having external suckers for attaching to a host
fasciolidae: a family of Trematoda
fasciola: a genus of Fasciolidae
liver fluke: flatworm parasitic in liver and bile ducts of domestic animals and humans
fasciolopsis: a genus of Fasciolidae
fasciolopsis buski: fluke that is parasitic on humans and swine; common in eastern Asia
schistosomatidae: a family of Trematoda
schistosoma: type genus of the family Schistosomatidae: blood flukes
schistosome: flatworms parasitic in the blood vessels of mammals
cestoda: tapeworms
tapeworm: ribbonlike flatworms that are parasitic in the intestines of humans and other vertebrates
taeniidae: a family of Cestoda
genus echinococcus: tapeworms
genus taenia: type genus of the family Taeniidae: tapeworms
nemertea: proboscis worms
ribbon worm: soft unsegmented marine worms that have a threadlike proboscis and the ability to stretch and contract
pogonophora: beard worms
beard worm: slender animal with tentacles and a tubelike outer covering; lives on the deep ocean bottom
rotifera: a phylum including: rotifers
nematoda: unsegmented worms: roundworms; threadworms; eelworms
aphasmidia: one of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems
phasmidia: one of two subgroups of Nematoda used in some classification systems
nematode: unsegmented worms with elongated rounded body pointed at both ends; mostly free-living but some are parasitic
ascaridae: large roundworms parasitic in intestines of vertebrates
ascaris: type genus of the family Ascaridae: roundworms with a three-lipped mouth
common roundworm: intestinal parasite of humans and pigs
ascaridia: roundworm having a preanal sucker
chicken roundworm: intestinal parasite of domestic fowl
oxyuridae: pinworms
enterobius: pinworms
pinworm: small threadlike worm infesting human intestines and rectum especially in children
cephalobidae: a family of Nematoda
anguillula: a genus of Cephalobidae
vinegar eel: minute eelworm that feeds on organisms that cause fermentation in e.g. vinegar
tylenchidae: a family of Nematoda
tylenchus: type genus of the family Tylenchidae
wheatworm: small roundworm parasitic on wheat
ancylostomatidae: hookworms
trichina: parasitic nematode occurring in the intestines of pigs and rats and human beings and producing larvae that form cysts in skeletal muscles
filariidae: threadlike roundworms
dracunculidae: greatly elongated roundworm
dracunculus: type genus of the family Dracunculidae
guinea worm: parasitic roundworm of India and Africa that lives in the abdomen or beneath the skin of humans and other vertebrates
annelida: segmented worms: earthworms; lugworms; leeches
annelid: worms with cylindrical bodies segmented both internally and externally
archiannelida: a class of Annelida
oligochaeta: earthworms
oligochaete: hermaphroditic terrestrial and aquatic annelids having bristles borne singly along the length of the body
earthworm: terrestrial worm that burrows into and helps aerate soil; often surfaces when the ground is cool or wet; used as bait by anglers
branchiobdellidae: small annelid worms with the posterior end modified into an adhesive sucker; especially formerly regarded as modified leeches
branchiobdella: type genus of the Branchiobdellidae: a small worm that lives on the gills or surface of a crayfish attached by a sucker
polychaeta: marine annelid worms
polychaete: chiefly marine annelids possessing both sexes and having paired appendages (parapodia) bearing bristles
lugworm: marine worms having a row of tufted gills along each side of the back; often used for fishing bait
terebellidae: marine burrowing or tube-forming polychete worms usually having long thick bodies
terebella: type genus of Terebellidae; tube-forming marine polychete worms with many filamentous tentacles
polycirrus: genus of soft-bodied polychete marine worms
hirudinea: hermaphroditic aquatic or terrestrial or parasitic annelids
leech: carnivorous or bloodsucking aquatic or terrestrial worms typically having a sucker at each end
hirudinidae: a family of Hirudinea
hirudo: type genus of the family Hirudinidae
medicinal leech: large European freshwater leech formerly used for bloodletting
haemopis: leeches
mollusca: gastropods; bivalves; cephalopods; chitons
mollusk: invertebrate having a soft unsegmented body usually enclosed in a shell
scaphopoda: small class of bilaterally symmetrical marine forms comprising the tooth shells
tooth shell: any of various seashore mollusks having a tapering tubular shell open at each end and a foot pointed like a spade for burrowing
gastropoda: snails and slugs and their relatives
gastropod: a class of mollusks typically having a one-piece coiled shell and flattened muscular foot with a head bearing stalked eyes
haliotidae: abalones
haliotis: type genus of the family Haliotidae
abalone: any of various large edible marine gastropods of the genus Haliotis having an ear-shaped shell with pearly interior
ormer: an abalone found near the Channel Islands
strombidae: the family of conchs
lambis: scorpion shells of shallow tropical waters of the eastern hemisphere
strombus: type genus of the family Strombidae
giant conch: a large variety of conch
helicidae: land snails including the common edible snail and some pests
helix: type genus of the family Helicidae
edible snail: one of the chief edible snails
brown snail: serious garden pest having a brown shell with paler zigzag markings; nearly cosmopolitan in distribution
helix hortensis: a kind of garden snail
limacidae: slugs
limax: a genus of Limacidae
neritidae: neritids
neritid: operculate seasnail of coastal waters with a short spiral shell
genus nerita: type genus of the Neritidae
bleeding tooth: gastropod having reddish toothlike projections around the shell opening; of the Caribbean area
genus neritina: a genus of Neritidae
buccinidae: whelks
cymatiidae: tritons
naticidae: moonshells
moon shell: marine gastropods having smooth rounded shells that form short spires
littorinidae: periwinkles
littorina: type genus of the family Littorinidae: periwinkles
periwinkle: edible marine gastropod
patellidae: marine limpets
patella: type genus of the family Patellidae: common European limpets
common limpet: marine limpet
fissurellidae: marine limpets
fissurella: type genus of the family Fissurellidae: keyhole limpets