AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
horned viper: highly venomous viper of northern Africa and southwestern Asia having a horny spine above each eye
crotalidae: New World vipers: pit vipers
agkistrodon: copperheads
copperhead: common coppery brown pit viper of upland eastern United States
water moccasin: venomous semiaquatic snake of swamps in southern United States
rattlesnake: pit viper with horny segments at the end of the tail that rattle when shaken
crotalus: large rattlesnakes; seldom bite unless startled or pursuing prey
diamondback: large deadly rattlesnake with diamond-shaped markings
timber rattlesnake: widely distributed in rugged ground of eastern United States
canebrake rattlesnake: southern variety
prairie rattlesnake: widely distributed between the Mississippi and the Rockies
sidewinder: small pale-colored desert rattlesnake of southwestern United States; body moves in an s-shaped curve
western diamondback: largest and most dangerous North American snake; of southwestern United States and Mexico
rock rattlesnake: mountain rock dweller of Mexico and most southern parts of United States southwest
tiger rattlesnake: having irregularly cross-banded back; of arid foothills and canyons of southern Arizona and Mexico
mojave rattlesnake: extremely dangerous; most common in areas of scattered scrubby growth; from Mojave Desert to western Texas and into Mexico
speckled rattlesnake: markings vary but usually harmonize with background; of southwestern Arizona and Baja California
sistrurus: pygmy rattlesnakes
massasauga: pygmy rattlesnake found in moist areas from the Great Lakes to Mexico; feeds on mice and small amphibians
ground rattler: small pygmy rattlesnake
bothrops: fer-de-lance
fer-de-lance: large extremely venomous pit viper of Central America and South America
beak: horny projecting mouth of a bird
carcase: the dead body of an animal especially one slaughtered and dressed for food
roadkill: the dead body of an animal that has been killed on a road by a vehicle vultures usually feed on carrion or roadkill
arthropoda: jointed-foot invertebrates: arachnids; crustaceans; insects; millipedes; centipedes
chelicerata: spiders; scorpions; horseshoe crabs
arachnida: a large class of arthropods including spiders and ticks and scorpions and daddy longlegs; have four pairs of walking legs and no wings
arachnid: air-breathing arthropods characterized by simple eyes and four pairs of legs
phalangida: harvestmen
phalangiidae: a family of Phalangida
phalangium: type genus of the family Phalangiidae
harvestman: spiderlike arachnid with a small rounded body and very long thin legs
scorpionida: true scorpions
chelonethida: false scorpions
false scorpion: small nonvenomous arachnid resembling a tailless scorpion
chelifer: a genus of Chelonethida
book scorpion: minute arachnid sometimes found in old papers
pedipalpi: whip scorpions
whip-scorpion: nonvenomous arachnid that resembles a scorpion and that has a long thin tail without a stinger
mastigoproctus: giant whip scorpions
vinegarroon: large whip-scorpion of Mexico and southern United States that emits a vinegary odor when alarmed
araneae: spiders
argiopidae: spiders that spin orb webs; cosmopolitan in distribution
argiope: the type genus of Argiopidae; small genus of orb-weaving spiders
black and gold garden spider: a widely distributed North American garden spider
aranea: a genus of orb-weaving spiders including common garden spiders and barn spiders
barn spider: an orange and tan spider with darkly banded legs that spins an orb web daily the barn spider was made famous in E. B. White's book `Charlotte's Web'
garden spider: a spider common in European gardens
theridiidae: a family of comb-footed spiders
comb-footed spider: spider having a comb-like row of bristles on each hind foot
latrodectus: venomous spiders
black widow: venomous New World spider; the female is black with an hourglass-shaped red mark on the underside of the abdomen
theraphosidae: large tropical spiders; tarantulas
lycosidae: wolf spiders
wolf spider: ground spider that hunts its prey instead of using a web
lycosa: type genus of the family Lycosidae
european wolf spider: large southern European spider once thought to be the cause of tarantism (uncontrollable bodily movement)
ctenizidae: large burrowing spiders
acarina: mites and ticks
ixodidae: hard ticks
hard tick: ticks having a hard shield on the back and mouth parts that project from the head
ixodes: type genus of the family Ixodidae
ixodes dammini: a northeastern tick now recognized as same species as Ixodes scapularis
ixodes neotomae: a tick that usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to dusky-footed wood rats
ixodes pacificus: a tick that feeds on dusky-footed wood rat and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in western United States especially northern California
ixodes scapularis: parasitic on mice of genus Peromyscus and bites humans; principal vector for Lyme disease in eastern United States (especially New England); northern form was for a time known as Ixodes dammini (deer tick)
sheep-tick: parasitic on sheep and cattle as well as humans; can transmit looping ill in sheep (acute viral disease of the nervous system); a vector for Lyme disease spirochete
ixodes persulcatus: bites humans; a vector for Lyme disease spirochete
ixodes dentatus: usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats
ixodes spinipalpis: usually does not bite humans; transmits Lyme disease spirochete to cottontail rabbits and wood rats
dermacentor: vectors of important diseases of man and animals
wood tick: common tick that can transmit Rocky Mountain spotted fever and tularemia
argasidae: soft ticks
soft tick: tick lacking a dorsal shield and having mouth parts on the under side of the head
acaridae: mites
trombidiidae: mites
trombiculidae: mites
trombicula: type genus of the family Trombiculidae
harvest mite: larval mite that sucks the blood of vertebrates including human beings causing intense irritation
sarcoptidae: small whitish mites
sarcoptes: type genus of the family Sarcoptidae: itch mites
acarus: any of several mites of the order Acarina
itch mite: whitish mites that attack the skin of humans and other animals itch mites cause scabies
tetranychidae: plant-feeding mites
spider mite: web-spinning mite that attacks garden plants and fruit trees
panonychus: a genus of Tetranychidae
red spider: small web-spinning mite; a serious orchard pest
superclass myriapoda: used in some classifications to encompass the millipedes (Diplopoda) and centipedes (Chilopoda); formerly a large taxon including also the Pauropoda and Symphyla; the term Myriapoda now usually used synonymously with Diplopoda and limited to the millipedes
pauropoda: an obscure class of minute arthropods with branched antennae and 8 to 10 pairs of legs
symphyla: small class of minute arthropods; unimportant except for the garden centipede
scutigerella: garden centipedes
garden centipede: minute arthropod often infesting the underground parts of truck-garden and greenhouse crops
tardigrada: in some classifications considered a separate phylum: microscopic arachnid-like invertebrates living in water or damp moss having 4 pairs of legs and instead of a mouth a pair of stylets or needlelike piercing organs connected with the pharynx
chilopoda: arthropods having the trunk composed of numerous somites each bearing one pair of legs: centipedes
scutigeridae: a family of Chilopoda
scutigera: a genus of Scutigeridae
house centipede: long-legged centipede common in damp places as e.g. cellars
geophilomorpha: small elongate centipedes living in soil and under stones and having more than 30 pairs of legs
geophilidae: small extremely elongate centipedes that live in earth
geophilus: type genus of the Geophilidae: a cosmopolitan genus of centipedes sometimes called earwigs
diplopoda: arthropods having the body composed of numerous double somites each with two pairs of legs: millipedes
millipede: any of numerous herbivorous nonpoisonous arthropods having a cylindrical body of 20 to 100 or more segments most with two pairs of legs
pycnogonida: sea spiders
sea spider: any of various small spiderlike marine arthropods having small thin bodies and long slender legs
merostomata: used in some classifications; includes the orders Xiphosura and Eurypterida
xiphosura: horseshoe crabs and extinct forms
limulidae: horseshoe crabs
limulus: type genus of the family Limulidae
horseshoe crab: large marine arthropod of the Atlantic coast of North America having a domed carapace that is shaped like a horseshoe and a stiff pointed tail; a living fossil related to the wood louse
tachypleus: a genus of Limulidae
asian horseshoe crab: horseshoe crab of the coast of eastern Asia
eurypterida: extinct aquatic arthropods of the Paleozoic
pentastomida: tongue worms
tongue worm: wormlike arthropod having two pairs of hooks at the sides of the mouth; parasitic in nasal sinuses of mammals
galliformes: pheasants; turkeys; grouse; partridges; quails; chickens; brush turkeys; curassows; hoatzins
gallinaceous bird: heavy-bodied largely ground-feeding domestic or game birds
domestic fowl: a domesticated gallinaceous bird thought to be descended from the red jungle fowl
dorking: an English breed of large domestic fowl having five toes (the hind toe doubled)
plymouth rock: an American breed of domestic fowl
cornish: English breed of compact domestic fowl; raised primarily to crossbreed to produce roasters
rock cornish: small plump hybrid developed by crossbreeding Plymouth Rock and Cornish fowl
cochin: Asian breed of large fowl with dense plumage and feathered legs
gallus: common domestic birds and related forms
jungle fowl: small Asiatic wild bird; believed to be ancestral to domestic fowl
red jungle fowl: a jungle fowl of southeastern Asia that is considered ancestral to the domestic fowl
chicken: a domestic fowl bred for flesh or eggs; believed to have been developed from the red jungle fowl
chick: young bird especially of domestic fowl
cock: adult male chicken
comb: the fleshy red crest on the head of the domestic fowl and other gallinaceous birds
hen: adult female chicken
brood hen: a domestic hen ready to brood
rhode island red: American breed of heavy-bodied brownish-red general-purpose chicken
dominique: American breed of chicken having barred grey plumage raised for meat and brown eggs
orpington: English breed of large chickens with white skin
meleagrididae: turkeys and some extinct forms
meleagris: type genus of the Meleagrididae: wild and domestic turkeys
turkey: large gallinaceous bird with fan-shaped tail; widely domesticated for food
turkey cock: male turkey
agriocharis: a genus of birds of the family Meleagrididae including the ocellated turkey
ocellated turkey: wild turkey of Central America and northern South America
tetraonidae: grouse
lyrurus: black grouse
european black grouse: large northern European grouse that is black with a lyre-shaped tail
asian black grouse: a black grouse of western Asia
blackcock: male black grouse
greyhen: female black grouse
lagopus: ptarmigans
red grouse: reddish-brown grouse of upland moors of Great Britain
tetrao: type genus of the Tetraonidae: capercaillies
capercaillie: large black Old World grouse
canachites: spruce grouse
spruce grouse: North American grouse that feeds on evergreen buds and needles
centrocercus: sage grouse
sage grouse: large grouse of sagebrush regions of North America
bonasa: ruffed grouse
ruffed grouse: valued as a game bird in eastern United States and Canada
pedioecetes: sharp-tailed grouse
sharp-tailed grouse: large grouse of prairies and open forests of western North America
tympanuchus: prairie chickens
prairie chicken: brown mottled North American grouse of western prairies
greater prairie chicken: the most common variety of prairie chicken
lesser prairie chicken: a smaller prairie chicken of western Texas
heath hen: extinct prairie chicken
cracidae: curassows; guans; chachalacas
crax: type genus of the Cracidae: curassows
penelope: a genus of guans (turkey-like arboreal birds valued as game and food birds)
pipile: genus of large crested guans (the piping guans)
ortalis: chachalacas
texas chachalaca: of Mexico and Texas
megapodiidae: megapodes
megapodius: type genus of the Megapodiidae
megapode: large-footed short-winged birds of Australasia; build mounds of decaying vegetation to incubate eggs
genus leipoa: mallee fowl
mallee fowl: Australian mound bird; incubates eggs naturally in sandy mounds
alectura: brush turkeys
brush turkey: black megapode of wooded regions of Australia and New Guinea
macrocephalon: maleos
maleo: Celebes megapode that lays eggs in holes in sandy beaches
phasianidae: pheasants; quails; partridges
phasianus: type genus of the Phasianidae: the typical pheasants
ring-necked pheasant: common pheasant having bright plumage and a white neck ring
genus afropavo: Congo peafowl
afropavo: both sexes are brightly colored
argusianus: argus pheasants
argus: large brilliantly patterned East Indian pheasant
chrysolophus: golden pheasants
golden pheasant: brightly colored crested pheasant of mountains of western and central Asia
colinus: New World quail: the bobwhites
bobwhite: a popular North American game bird; named for its call
northern bobwhite: a favorite game bird of eastern and central United States
coturnix: Old World quail
old world quail: small game bird with a rounded body and small tail
migratory quail: the typical Old World quail
lophophorus: monals
monal: brilliantly colored pheasant of southern Asia
odontophorus: genus of Central and South American crested partridges resembling quails; sometimes placed in a distinct subfamily or isolated in a distinct family
pavo: peafowl
peafowl: very large terrestrial southeast Asian pheasant often raised as an ornamental bird
peachick: a young peafowl
blue peafowl: peafowl of India and Ceylon
green peafowl: peafowl of southeast Asia
lofortyx: California quail
california quail: plump chunky bird of coastal California and Oregon
genus tragopan: a genus of Phasianidae
perdicidae: Old World partridges
perdix: a genus of Perdicinae
hungarian partridge: common European partridge
alectoris: a genus of Perdicidae
red-legged partridge: common western European partridge with red legs
greek partridge: of mountainous areas of southern Europe
oreortyx: mountain quail of western United States
mountain quail: California partridge; slightly larger than the California quail
numididae: guinea fowl and related birds of Africa and Madagascar
numida: guinea fowl
guinea fowl: a west African bird having dark plumage mottled with white; native to Africa but raised for food in many parts of the world
opisthocomidae: comprising the hoatzins
opisthocomus: type genus of the Opisthocomidae: hoatzins
hoatzin: crested ill-smelling South American bird whose young have claws on the first and second digits of the wings
tinamiformes: coextensive with the family Tinamidae
tinamidae: comprising the tinamous
tinamou: heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird resembling a gallinaceous bird but related to the ratite birds
columbiformes: sand grouse; pigeons; doves; extinct dodos and solitaires
raphidae: extinct dodos and solitaires
raphus: type genus of the Raphidae: dodos
dodo: extinct heavy flightless bird of Mauritius related to pigeons
pezophaps: constituted by the extinct solitaire
solitaire: extinct flightless bird related to the dodo
columbidae: doves and pigeons
pouter pigeon: one of a breed of pigeon that enlarge their crop until their breast is puffed out
columba: type genus of the Columbidae: typical pigeons
rock dove: pale grey Eurasian pigeon having black-striped wings from which most domestic species are descended
band-tailed pigeon: wild pigeon of western North America; often mistaken for the now extinct passenger pigeon
wood pigeon: Eurasian pigeon with white patches on wings and neck
streptopelia: turtledoves
streptopelia turtur: the common European wild dove noted for its plaintive cooing
ringdove: greyish Old World turtledove with a black band around the neck; often caged
stictopelia: a genus of Columbidae
australian turtledove: small Australian dove
zenaidura: mourning doves
mourning dove: wild dove of the United States having a mournful call
roller: pigeon that executes backward somersaults in flight or on the ground
homing pigeon: pigeon trained to return home
ectopistes: a genus of Columbidae
passenger pigeon: gregarious North American migratory pigeon now extinct
pteroclididae: sandgrouses
sandgrouse: pigeon-like bird of arid regions of the Old World having long pointed wings and tail and precocial downy young
pterocles: type genus of the Pteroclididae
painted sandgrouse: sandgrouse of India
pin-tailed sandgrouse: sandgrouse of Europe and Africa having elongated middle tail feathers
syrrhaptes: a genus of Pteroclididae
pallas's sandgrouse: Eurasiatic sandgrouse with a black patch on the belly
psittaciformes: an order of birds including parrots and amazons and cockatoos and lorikeets and lories and macaws and parakeets
poll: a tame parrot
psittacidae: coextensive with the order Psittaciformes
psittacus: type genus of the Psittacidae: usually restricted to the African grey
african grey: commonly domesticated grey parrot with red-and-black tail and white face; native to equatorial Africa
amazona: a genus of Psittacidae
ara: macaws
nestor: a genus of Psittacidae
kea: large brownish-green New Zealand parrot
kakatoe: a genus of Psittacidae
sulphur-crested cockatoo: white cockatoo with a yellow erectile crest
pink cockatoo: white Australian cockatoo with roseate tinged plumage
nymphicus: a genus of Psittacidae
cockateel: small grey Australian parrot with a yellow crested head
agapornis: a genus of Psittacidae
loriinae: lories
glossopsitta: a genus of Loriinae
varied lorikeet: lorikeet with a colorful coat
trichoglossus: a genus of Loriinae
rainbow lorikeet: a kind of lorikeet
parakeet: any of numerous small slender long-tailed parrots
conuropsis: a genus of Psittacidae
carolina parakeet: extinct parakeet whose range extended far into the United States
melopsittacus: a genus of Psittacidae
budgerigar: small Australian parakeet usually light green with black and yellow markings in the wild but bred in many colors
psittacula: a genus of Psittacidae
ring-necked parakeet: African parakeet
cuculiformes: cuckoos; touracos; etc.
cuculidae: includes cuckoo; ani; roadrunner
cuculus: type genus of the Cuculidae
european cuckoo: common cuckoo of Europe having a distinctive two-note call; lays eggs in the nests of other birds
coccyzus: a genus of Cuculidae
black-billed cuckoo: North American cuckoo; builds a nest and rears its own young
geococcyx: roadrunners
roadrunner: speedy largely terrestrial bird found from California and Mexico to Texas
crotophaga: ani
centropus: a genus of Cuculidae
crow pheasant: common coucal of India and China
pheasant coucal: Australian bird with a tail like a pheasant
musophagidae: touracos
musophaga: type genus of the Musophagidae
touraco: large brightly crested bird of Africa
coraciiformes: rollers; kingfishers; hornbills; hoopoes; motmots; bee eaters; todies
picariae: term used in some classifications as nearly equivalent to the order Coraciiformes
coraciidae: rollers
coracias: type genus of the Coraciidae
european roller: common European blue-and-green roller with a reddish-brown back
alcedinidae: kingfishers
alcedo: type genus of the Alcedinidae
eurasian kingfisher: small kingfisher with greenish-blue and orange plumage
ceryle: a genus of birds of the family Alcedinidae
belted kingfisher: greyish-blue North American kingfisher with a chestnut band on its chest
dacelo: Australasian kingfishers
halcyon: a large kingfisher widely distributed in warmer parts of the Old World
kookaburra: Australian kingfisher having a loud cackling cry
meropidae: bee-eaters
merops: type genus of the Meropidae
bucerotidae: hornbills
buceros: type genus of the family Bucerotidae
upupidae: hoopoes
upupa: type genus of the Upupidae
hoopoe: any of several crested Old World birds with a slender downward-curved bill
euopean hoopoe: pinkish-brown hoopoe with black-and-white wings
phoeniculidae: wood hoopoes
phoeniculus: type and only genus of the family Phoeniculidae
momotidae: a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes
momotus: type genus of the Momotidae
motmot: tropical American bird resembling a blue jay and having greenish and bluish plumage
todidae: a family of birds of the order Coraciiformes
todus: type genus of the Todidae
apodiformes: swifts; hummingbirds
apodidae: swifts; in former classifications included in the order Coraciiformes
apus: type genus
european swift: common European bird with a shrieking call that nests chiefly about eaves of buildings or on cliffs
chateura: a genus of Apodidae
chimney swift: American swift that nests in e.g. unused chimneys
collocalia: a genus of Apodidae
swiftlet: swift of eastern Asia; produces the edible bird's nest
hemiprocnidae: tree swifts
tree swift: birds of southeast Asia and East Indies differing from true swifts in having upright crests and nesting in trees
trochilidae: hummingbirds
archilochus: a genus of Trochilidae
archilochus colubris: a kind of hummingbird
chalcostigma: thornbills
ramphomicron: thornbills
caprimulgiformes: goatsuckers; frogmouths; oilbirds
caprimulgidae: goatsuckers
goatsucker: mainly crepuscular or nocturnal nonpasserine birds with mottled greyish-brown plumage and large eyes; feed on insects
caprimulgus: type genus of the Caprimulgidae
european goatsucker: Old World goatsucker
chuck-will's-widow: large whippoorwill-like bird of the southern United States
whippoorwill: American nocturnal goatsucker with grey-and-white plumage
chordeiles: a genus of Caprimulgidae
nighthawk: mainly nocturnal North American goatsucker
phalaenoptilus: a genus of Caprimulgidae
poorwill: goatsucker of western North America
podargidae: frogmouths
podargus: type genus of the Podargidae
steatornithidae: oilbirds
steatornis: type and sole genus of the family Steatornithidae
oilbird: nocturnal fruit-eating bird of South America that has fatty young yielding an oil that is used instead of butter
piciformes: woodpeckers; jacamars; puffbirds; barbets; honey guides; toucans
picidae: woodpeckers
woodpecker: bird with strong claws and a stiff tail adapted for climbing and a hard chisel-like bill for boring into wood for insects
picus: type genus of Picidae
green woodpecker: woodpecker of Europe and western Asia
picoides: a genus of Picidae
colaptes: a genus of Picidae
yellow-shafted flicker: large flicker of eastern North America with a red neck and yellow undersurface to wings and tail
gilded flicker: southwestern United States bird like the yellow-shafted flicker but lacking the red neck
red-shafted flicker: western United States bird with red undersurface to wings and tail
campephilus: a genus of Picidae
ivorybill: large black-and-white woodpecker of southern United States and Cuba having an ivory bill; nearly extinct
melanerpes: a genus of Picidae
redheaded woodpecker: black-and-white North American woodpecker having a red head and neck
sphyrapicus: a genus of Picidae
yellow-bellied sapsucker: eastern North American sapsucker having a pale yellow abdomen
red-breasted sapsucker: western North American sapsucker
jynx: wrynecks
picumnus: a genus of Picidae
capitonidae: barbets
bucconidae: puffbirds
indicatoridae: honey guides
galbulidae: jacamars
ramphastidae: toucans
aulacorhyncus: a genus of Ramphastidae
trogoniformes: trogons
trogonidae: coextensive with the order Trogoniformes
genus trogon: type genus of the Trogonidae
pharomacrus: a genus of Trogonidae
quetzal: large trogon of Central America and South America having golden-green and scarlet plumage
resplendent quetzel: very rare Central American bird; the national bird of Guatemala
waterfowl: freshwater aquatic bird
anseriformes: ducks; geese; swans; screamers
anatidae: swimming birds having heavy short-legged bodies and bills with a horny tip: swans; geese; ducks
anseres: used in some especially older classifications; coextensive with the family Anatidae
dabbling duck: any of numerous shallow-water ducks that feed by upending and dabbling
anas: type genus of the Anatidae: freshwater ducks
mallard: wild dabbling duck from which domestic ducks are descended; widely distributed
black duck: a dusky duck of northeastern United States and Canada