AbstractPhil/geometric-vocab-256d huggingface dataset:
ctenocephalides: an arthropod genus of fleas
ctenocephalus: a former usage synonymous with Ctenocephalides
dog flea: flea that attacks dogs and cats
cat flea: flea that breeds chiefly on cats and dogs and rats
tunga: a genus of Siphonaptera
chigoe: small tropical flea; the fertile female burrows under the skin of the host including humans
echidnophaga: a genus of Siphonaptera
sticktight: parasitic on especially the heads of chickens
diptera: a large order of insects having a single pair of wings and sucking or piercing mouths; includes true flies and mosquitoes and gnats and crane flies
dipterous insect: insects having usually a single pair of functional wings (anterior pair) with the posterior pair reduced to small knobbed structures and mouth parts adapted for sucking or lapping or piercing
cecidomyidae: gall midges
gall midge: fragile mosquito-like flies that produce galls on plants
mayetiola: a genus of Cecidomyidae
hessian fly: small fly whose larvae damage wheat and other grains
muscoidea: two-winged flies especially the families: Muscidae; Gasterophilidae; Calliphoridae; Tachinidae
muscidae: two-winged flies especially the housefly
alula: scalelike structure between the base of the wing and the halter of a two-winged fly
musca: type genus of the Muscidae: houseflies
housefly: common fly that frequents human habitations and spreads many diseases
glossinidae: flies closely related to the Muscidae: tsetse flies
genus glossina: type genus of the Glossinidae: tsetse flies
tsetse fly: bloodsucking African fly; transmits sleeping sickness etc.
calliphoridae: blowflies
calliphora: type genus of the Calliphoridae: blowflies
blowfly: large usually hairy metallic blue or green fly; lays eggs in carrion or dung or wounds
bluebottle: blowfly with iridescent blue body; makes a loud buzzing noise in flight
lucilia: greenbottle flies
greenbottle: blowfly with brilliant coppery green body
sarcophaga: flesh flies
flesh fly: fly whose larvae feed on carrion or the flesh of living animals
tachinidae: parasites on other insects
gasterophilidae: horse botflies
gasterophilus: type genus of the Gasterophilidae: horse botflies
horse botfly: parasitic chiefly on horses
cuterebridae: New World botflies
cuterebra: type genus of the Cuterebridae
dermatobia: larvae live under the skin of domestic mammals and humans
human botfly: large tropical American fly; parasitic on humans and other mammals
oestridae: warble flies
oestrus: type genus of the Oestridae: sheep botflies
sheep botfly: larvae are parasitic on sheep
hypoderma: in some classifications considered the type genus of the family Hypodermatidae: warble flies
tabanidae: horseflies
horsefly: large swift fly the female of which sucks blood of various animals
bombyliidae: bee flies
asilidae: robber flies
robber fly: swift predatory fly having a strong body like a bee with the proboscis hardened for sucking juices of other insects captured on the wing
fruit fly: any of numerous small insects whose larvae feed on fruits
trypetidae: fruit flies; some leaf miners
rhagoletis: a genus of Trypetidae
apple maggot: larvae bore into and feed on apples
ceratitis: Mediterranean fruit flies
mediterranean fruit fly: small black-and-white fly that damages citrus and other fruits by implanting eggs that hatch inside the fruit
drosophilidae: fruit flies
genus drosophila: a genus of Drosophilidae
drosophila: small fruit fly used by Thomas Hunt Morgan in studying basic mechanisms of inheritance
philophylla: leaf miners
leaf miner: any of various small moths or dipterous flies whose larvae burrow into and feed on leaf tissue especially of the family Gracilariidae
hippoboscidae: winged or wingless dipterans: louse flies
louse fly: bloodsucking dipterous fly parasitic on birds and mammals
hippobosca: type genus of the Hippoboscidae
horse tick: winged fly parasitic on horses
melophagus: an arthropod genus of wingless flies including the sheep ked
sheep ked: wingless fly that is an external parasite on sheep and cattle
haematobia: European genus of bloodsucking flies
horn fly: small black European fly introduced into North America; sucks blood from cattle especially at the base of the horn
nematocera: mosquitoes; fungus gnats; crane flies; gnats; sand flies
culicidae: mosquitoes
wiggler: larva of a mosquito
aedes: yellow-fever mosquitos
yellow-fever mosquito: mosquito that transmits yellow fever and dengue
asian tiger mosquito: striped native of Japan thriving in southwestern and midwestern United States and spreading to the Caribbean; potential carrier of serious diseases
anopheles: malaria mosquitoes; distinguished by the adult's head-downward stance and absence of breathing tubes in the larvae
malarial mosquito: transmits the malaria parasite
culex: type genus of the Culicidae: widespread genus of mosquitoes distinguished by holding the body parallel to the resting surface
common mosquito: common house mosquito
culex quinquefasciatus: widespread tropical mosquito that transmits filarial worms
ceratopogonidae: biting midges; sand flies
punkie: minute two-winged insect that sucks the blood of mammals and birds and other insects
ceratopogon: type genus of the Ceratopogonidae
chironomidae: midges
chironomus: type genus of the Chironomidae
mycetophilidae: fungus gnats
psychodidae: very small two-winged flies with hairy wings that develop in moss and damp vegetable matter: sand flies
phlebotomus: small bloodsucking sand flies that resemble moths
sand fly: any of various small dipterous flies; bloodsucking females can transmit sandfly fever and leishmaniasis
sciaridae: fungus gnats
genus sciara: type genus of the Sciaridae: fungus gnat
fungus gnat: minute blackish gregarious flies destructive to mushrooms and seedlings
tipulidae: crane flies
crane fly: long-legged slender flies that resemble large mosquitoes but do not bite
simuliidae: blackflies and sand flies
simulium: type genus of the Simuliidae: blackflies
blackfly: small blackish stout-bodied biting fly having aquatic larvae; sucks the blood of birds as well as humans and other mammals
hymenoptera: an order of insects including: bees; wasps; ants; ichneumons; sawflies; gall wasps; etc.
hymenopterous insect: insects having two pairs of membranous wings and an ovipositor specialized for stinging or piercing
apoidea: bees
apidae: honeybees; carpenter bees; bumblebees
apis: type genus of the Apidae: honeybees
honeybee: social bee often domesticated for the honey it produces
africanized bee: a strain of bees that originated in Brazil in the 1950s as a cross between an aggressive African bee and a honeybee; retains most of the traits of the African bee; now spread as far north as Texas
black bee: dark-colored ill-tempered honeybee supposedly of German origin
carniolan bee: greyish highly productive European honeybee that has a quiet disposition
italian bee: yellowish honeybee resembling the Carniolan bee in its habits
xylocopa: carpenter bees
bombus: bumblebees
bumblebee: robust hairy social bee of temperate regions
psithyrus: a large bee that resembles the bumblebee but lacks pollen-collecting apparatus and a worker caste
andrenidae: a large family of solitary short-tongued bees most of which burrow in the ground
genus andrena: a solitary burrowing short-tongued bee
andrena: a bee that is a member of the genus Andrena
nomia: a genus of bee; some are important pollinators of legumes
halictidae: a family of small solitary bees; many are valuable pollinators for agriculture
nomia melanderi: a common solitary bee important for pollinating alfalfa in the western United States
megachilidae: leaf-cutting and mason bees
megachile: type genus of the Megachilidae: leaf-cutting bees
leaf-cutting bee: bee that cuts rounded pieces from leaves and flowers to line its nest
anthidium: potter bees
vespidae: an arthropod family of the order Hymenoptera including: yellow jackets; hornets; mason wasps
vespid: mostly social nest-building wasps
vespa: type genus of the Vespidae: various hornets and yellow jackets
giant hornet: European hornet introduced into the United States
vespula: sometimes considered a subgenus of Vespa: social wasps
common wasp: a variety of vespid wasp
bald-faced hornet: North American hornet
yellow jacket: small yellow-marked social wasp commonly nesting in the ground
polistes: a genus of Vespidae
polistes annularis: a variety of paper wasp
eumenes: mason wasps
mutillidae: a family of wasps
sphecoidea: families Sphecidae and Stizidae
sphecoid wasp: any of various solitary wasps
sphecidae: mud daubers; some digger wasps
sceliphron: mud daubers
stizidae: cicada killers
sphecius: large solitary wasps: cicada killer
cicada killer: large black or rust-colored wasp that preys on cicadas
cynipidae: a family of Hymenoptera
gall wasp: small solitary wasp that produces galls on oaks and other plants
cynips: type genus of the Cynipidae: gall wasps
amphibolips: cynipid gall wasps, especially causing oak-apple galls
andricus: cynipid gall wasps, chiefly affecting oaks
chalcididae: an arthropod family including: chalcidflies
chalcid fly: any of various tiny insects whose larvae are parasites on eggs and larvae of other insects; many are beneficial in destroying injurious insects
strawworm: larva of chalcid flies injurious to the straw of wheat and other grains
chalcis: type genus of the Chalcididae
ichneumonidae: ichneumon flies
tenthredinidae: sawflies
fenusa: birch leaf miner
birch leaf miner: small black sawfly native to Europe but established in eastern United States; larvae mine the leaves of birches causing serious defoliation
formicidae: ants
ant: social insect living in organized colonies; characteristically the males and fertile queen have wings during breeding season; wingless sterile females are the workers
monomorium: a genus of Formicidae
pharaoh ant: small red ant of warm regions; a common household pest
little black ant: tiny glossy black ant; nests outdoors but invades houses for food
dorylinae: army ants
army ant: tropical nomadic ant that preys mainly on other insects
camponotus: carpenter ants
solenopsis: fire ants
formica: type genus of the Formicidae
wood ant: reddish-brown European ant typically living in anthills in woodlands
formica fusca: an ant frequently enslaved
slave-making ant: an ant that attacks colonies of other ant species and carries off the young to be reared as slave ants
sanguinary ant: slave-making ant widely distributed over the northern hemisphere
myrmecia: bulldog ants
polyergus: Amazon ants
amazon ant: small reddish slave-making ant species
isoptera: order of social insects that live in colonies, including: termites; often placed in subclass Exopterygota
termitidae: termites
termes: type genus of the Termitidae
termite: whitish soft-bodied ant-like social insect that feeds on wood
reticulitermes: includes species highly destructive to structures and living trees
reticulitermes flanipes: destructive United States termite
reticulitermes lucifugus: destructive European termite
rhinotermitidae: large widely distributed family of termites of temperate to tropical regions
mastotermitidae: primitive termites
mastotermes: primitive genus of termites; mostly extinct; sometimes considered the most primitive Isoptera
mastotermes darwiniensis: Australian termite; sole living species of Mastotermes; called a living fossil; apparent missing link between cockroaches and termites
mastotermes electromexicus: an extinct termite found in amber in southern Mexico
mastotermes electrodominicus: extinct termite found in amber in the Dominican Republic
kalotermitidae: primitive termites of warm regions
kalotermes: type genus of Kalotermitidae; termites destructive of wood and living trees
cryptotermes: genus of dry wood termites; cosmopolitan in distribution; sometimes considered a subgenus of Kalotermes
powder-post termite: extremely destructive dry-wood termite of warm regions
orthoptera: grasshoppers and locusts; crickets
orthopterous insect: any of various insects having leathery forewings and membranous hind wings and chewing mouthparts
grasshopper: terrestrial plant-eating insect with hind legs adapted for leaping
acrididae: short-horned grasshoppers; true locusts
short-horned grasshopper: grasshopper with short antennae
locusta: a genus of Acrididae
migratory locust: Old World locust that travels in vast swarms stripping large areas of vegetation
melanoplus: New World migratory locusts and common American grasshoppers
tettigoniidae: long-horned grasshoppers; katydids
long-horned grasshopper: grasshoppers with long threadlike antennae and well-developed stridulating organs on the forewings of the male
microcentrum: katydids
anabrus: a genus of Tettigoniidae
mormon cricket: large dark wingless cricket-like katydid of arid parts of western United States
stenopelmatidae: long-horned grasshoppers
stenopelmatus: sand crickets
sand cricket: large wingless nocturnal grasshopper that burrows in loose soil along the Pacific coast of the United States
gryllidae: crickets
acheta: common house and field crickets
european house cricket: lives in human dwellings; naturalized in parts of America
field cricket: common American black cricket; attacks crops and also enters dwellings
oecanthus: tree crickets
snowy tree cricket: pale yellowish tree cricket widely distributed in North America
phasmida: in some classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera: stick insects; leaf insects
phasmid: large cylindrical or flattened mostly tropical insects with long strong legs that feed on plants; walking sticks and leaf insects
phasmidae: stick insects
walking stick: any of various mostly tropical insects having long twiglike bodies
genus diapheromera: a genus of Phasmidae
diapheromera: a variety of stick insect
phyllidae: leaf insects
phyllium: type genus of the Phyllidae
walking leaf: tropical insect having a flattened leaflike body; common in southern Asia and the East Indies
exopterygota: subclass of insects characterized by gradual and usually incomplete metamorphosis
dictyoptera: in some classifications replaced by the orders (here suborders) Blattodea (cockroaches) and Manteodea (mantids); in former classifications often subsumed under a much broader order Orthoptera
blattodea: cockroaches; in some classifications considered an order
cockroach: any of numerous chiefly nocturnal insects; some are domestic pests
blattidae: domestic cockroaches
blatta: type genus of the Blattidae: cockroaches infesting buildings worldwide
oriental cockroach: dark brown cockroach originally from orient now nearly cosmopolitan in distribution
periplaneta: cosmopolitan genus of large cockroaches
american cockroach: large reddish brown free-flying cockroach originally from southern United States but now widely distributed
australian cockroach: widely distributed in warm countries
blattella: small cockroaches
german cockroach: small light-brown cockroach brought to United States from Europe; a common household pest
blaberus: giant cockroaches
cryptocercidae: a family of Blattodea
cryptocercus: cockroaches
manteodea: mantises; in former classifications considered a suborder of Orthoptera
mantidae: mantises
genus mantis: type genus of the Mantidae: mantises
mantis: predacious long-bodied large-eyed insect of warm regions; rests with forelimbs raised as in prayer
praying mantis: the common mantis
hemiptera: plant bugs; bedbugs; some true bugs; also includes suborders Heteroptera (true bugs) and Homoptera (e.g., aphids, plant lice and cicadas)
hemipterous insect: insects with sucking mouthparts and forewings thickened and leathery at the base; usually show incomplete metamorphosis
miridae: leaf bugs
leaf bug: small bright-colored insect that feeds on plant juices
mirid bug: a variety of leaf bug
poecilocapsus: a genus of Miridae
four-lined plant bug: yellow or orange leaf bug with four black stripes down the back; widespread in central and eastern North America
lygus: plant-sucking bugs
tarnished plant bug: widespread plant and fruit pest
tingidae: lace bugs
lygaeidae: lygaeid bugs
lygaeid: a true bug: usually bright-colored; pest of cultivated crops and some fruit trees
blissus: chinch bugs
chinch bug: small black-and-white insect that feeds on cereal grasses
coreidae: squash bugs and leaf-footed bugs
coreid bug: a true bug
anasa: squash bugs
squash bug: large black American bug that sucks sap of vines of the gourd family
leptoglossus: leaf-footed bugs
leaf-footed bug: large sap-sucking bug with leaflike expansions on the legs
cimicidae: wingless flat-bodied bloodsucking insects
cimex: type genus of the Cimicidae: bedbugs
bedbug: bug of temperate regions that infests especially beds and feeds on human blood
notonectidae: aquatic carnivorous insects
notonecta: type genus of the Notonectidae: backswimmers
backswimmer: predaceous aquatic insect that swims on its back and may inflict painful bites
heteroptera: true bugs
belostomatidae: water bugs
nepidae: water scorpions
nepa: type genus of the Nepidae: typical elongate-oval water scorpions
ranatra: elongate very slender water scorpions
corixidae: water bugs
corixa: type genus of the Corixidae: boat bugs
water boatman: carnivorous aquatic bug having paddle-like hind legs
gerrididae: an arthropod family that includes water striders
water strider: long-legged bug that skims about on the surface of water
gerris: type genus of the Gerrididae
common pond-skater: a variety of water strider
reduviidae: assassin bugs
assassin bug: a true bug: long-legged predacious bug living mostly on other insects; a few suck blood of mammals
triatoma: conenoses
conenose: large bloodsucking bug
arilus: a genus of Reduviidae
wheel bug: large predatory North American bug that sucks the blood of other insects
pyrrhocoridae: firebugs
dysdercus: a genus of slender long-legged bugs that feed on the developing seeds of cotton and stain it
homoptera: plant lice (aphids); whiteflies; cicadas; leafhoppers; plant hoppers; scale insects and mealybugs; spittle insects
homopterous insect: insects having membranous forewings and hind wings
aleyrodidae: whiteflies
aleyrodes: type genus of the Aleyrodidae
dialeurodes: a genus of Aleyrodidae
citrus whitefly: whitefly that attacks citrus trees
trialeurodes: a genus of Aleyrodidae
greenhouse whitefly: whitefly that inhabits greenhouses
bemisia: sweet-potato whitefly
superbug: a strain of pest accidentally imported into Florida from the Middle East then spread to California where it is a very serious pest feeding on almost all vegetable crops and poinsettias
coccoidea: scale insects and mealybugs
coccidae: scale insects
genus coccus: type genus of the Coccidae
brown soft scale: pest on citrus trees
diaspididae: armored scales
aspidiotus: a genus of Diaspididae
san jose scale: small east Asian insect naturalized in the United States that damages fruit trees
dactylopiidae: cochineal insects
dactylopius: type genus of the Dactylopiidae
cochineal insect: Mexican red scale insect that feeds on cacti; the source of a red dye
pseudococcidae: scalelike insects: mealybugs
pseudococcus: type genus of the Pseudococcidae
mealybug: scalelike plant-eating insect coated with a powdery waxy secretion; destructive especially of fruit trees
citrophilous mealybug: destructive especially to citrus
comstock mealybug: Asiatic insect introduced accidentally into United States; pest on citrus and apple trees
planococcus: a genus of Pseudococcidae
citrus mealybug: feeds on a wide variety of cultivated plants but especially destructive to citrus
plant louse: any of several small insects especially aphids that feed by sucking the juices from plants
aphidoidea: plant lice
aphididae: small soft-bodied plant lice
aphis: type genus of the Aphididae: injurious to fruit trees and vegetables
apple aphid: bright green aphid; feeds on and causes curling of apple leaves
blackfly: blackish aphid that infests e.g. beans and sugar beets
eriosoma: woolly aphids
woolly aphid: secretes a waxy substance like a mass of fine curly white cotton or woolly threads
woolly apple aphid: primarily a bark feeder on aerial parts and roots of apple and other trees
prociphilus: a genus of Aphididae
woolly alder aphid: attacks alders
adelgidae: plant lice
adelges: type genus of the Adelgidae: plant lice
balsam woolly aphid: a variety of adelgid
spruce gall aphid: a variety of adelgid
pineus: a genus of Adelgidae
pine leaf aphid: a variety of adelgid
phylloxeridae: plant lice
phylloxera: type genus of the Phylloxeridae: plant lice
grape louse: destructive to various grape plants
psyllidae: jumping plant lice
jumping plant louse: small active cicada-like insect with hind legs adapted for leaping; feeds on plant juices
cicadidae: cicadas
genus cicada: type genus of the Cicadidae: cicadas
cicada: stout-bodied insect with large membranous wings; male has drum-like organs for producing a high-pitched drone
tibicen: harvest flies
dog-day cicada: its distinctive song is heard during July and August
magicicada: seventeen-year locust
seventeen-year locust: North American cicada; appears in great numbers at infrequent intervals because the nymphs take 13 to 17 years to mature
cercopidae: froghoppers or spittlebugs
spittle insect: small leaping herbivorous insect that lives in a mass of protective froth which it and its larvae secrete
philaenus: a genus of Cercopidae
meadow spittlebug: North American insect that severely damages grasses
aphrophora: a genus of Cercopidae
saratoga spittlebug: feeds on pines in northern United States
cicadellidae: leafhoppers
jassidae: family of small leafhoppers coextensive with the Cicadellidae and not distinguished from it in some classifications
plant hopper: related to the leafhoppers and spittlebugs but rarely damages cultivated plants
membracidae: plant hoppers: treehoppers
fulgoridae: plant hoppers: lantern flies
lantern fly: large brightly marked tropical insect with a process like a snout that was formerly thought to emit light
psocoptera: an order of insects: includes booklice and bark-lice
psocidae: a family of small soft-bodied insects that feed on decaying vegetation; related to booklice
bark-louse: any of several insects living on the bark of plants
atropidae: booklice
liposcelis: a genus of Psocidae
booklouse: minute wingless psocopterous insects injurious to books and papers
trogium: a genus of Psocidae
common booklouse: a variety of booklouse
ephemeroptera: mayflies
plectophera: in some former classifications: name for the Ephemeroptera
ephemerid: short-lived insect
ephemeridae: mayflies
mayfly: slender insect with delicate membranous wings having an aquatic larval stage and terrestrial adult stage usually lasting less than two days
plecoptera: stoneflies
stonefly: primitive winged insect with a flattened body; used as bait by fishermen; aquatic gilled larvae are carnivorous and live beneath stones
neuroptera: an order of insects including: lacewings; antlions; dobsonflies; alderflies; fish flies; mantispids; spongeflies
neuropteron: insect having biting mouthparts and four large membranous wings with netlike veins
myrmeleontidae: antlions
myrmeleon: type genus of the Myrmeleontidae: antlions
ant lion: winged insect resembling a dragonfly; the larvae (doodlebugs) dig conical pits where they wait to catch e.g. ants
doodlebug: the larva of any of several insects
lacewing: any of two families of insects with gauzy wings (Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae); larvae feed on insect pests such as aphids
aphid lion: carnivorous larva of lacewing flies
chrysopidae: green lacewings
green lacewing: pale green unpleasant-smelling lacewing fly having carnivorous larvae
goldeneye: a variety of green lacewing
hemerobiidae: brown lacewings
brown lacewing: small dark-colored lacewing fly
megaloptera: in some classifications considered a separate order: alderflies; dobsonflies; snake flies
corydalidae: dobsons
corydalus: type genus of the Corydalidae
dobson: large soft-bodied insect having long slender mandibles in the male; aquatic larvae often used as bait
hellgrammiate: large brown aquatic larva of the dobsonfly; used as fishing bait
fish fly: similar to but smaller than the dobsonfly; larvae are used as fishing bait
sialidae: an arthropod family including: alderflies
sialis: type genus of the Sialidae
alderfly: dark-colored insect having predaceous aquatic larvae
raphidiidae: a family of arthropods of the suborder Megaloptera, including snakeflies
mantispidae: mantispids
sisyridae: an arthropod family of the order Neuroptera that includes spongeflies